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[ "Ford Mustang\nFord Mustangs are really cool looking cars", "I don't really know much about cars! I just judge by whether I like the looks haha", "That's cool, I had no idea! When did it come out?", "Are they still made today?", "That's so cool! I hope I can ride in one someday." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang is an American car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ It was originally based on the platform of the second generation North American Ford Falcon, a compact car.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The original 1962 Ford Mustang I two-seater concept car had evolved into the 1963 Mustang II four-seater concept car which Ford used to pretest how the public would take interest in the first production Mustang.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The 1963 Mustang II concept car was designed with a variation of the production model's front and rear ends with a roof that was 2.7 inches shorter.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ Introduced early on April 17, 1964 (16 days after the Plymouth Barracuda), and thus dubbed as a \"1964½\" by Mustang fans, the 1965 Mustang was the automaker's most successful launch since the Model A.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang has undergone several transformations to its current sixth generation.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang created the \"pony car\" class of American muscle cars, affordable sporty coupes with long hoods and short rear decks, and gave rise to competitors such as the Chevrolet Camaro, Pontiac Firebird, AMC Javelin, Chrysler's revamped Plymouth Barracuda, and the second generation Dodge Challenger.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang is also credited for inspiring the designs of coupés such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri, which were imported to the United States.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Ford and several third party companies offered many modified versions of the highly popular Mustang in order to cater to specific portions of the marketplace outside of the mainstream.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ High-performance enthusiasts seek more powerful, sharper handling, sports cars, while collectors and purists seek limited production and alternate or nostalgic styling, such as is commonly found on many commemorative editions.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Still, others were made purely for experimental concepts such as the McLaren M81 (turbo) and SVO, which later influenced production model design.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Most variants include both performance upgrades, and unique cosmetic treatments that are typically minimal to maintain the familiar appearance of a stock Mustang.", "Funny Car __knowledge__ Funny Car is a type of drag racing vehicle and a specific racing class in organized drag racing.", "Funny Car __knowledge__ In the United States, the other professional drag racing classes are Top Fuel, Pro Modified, Pro Stock, and Pro Stock Bike.", "Funny Car __knowledge__ Funny cars are characterized by having tilt-up fiberglass or carbon fiber automotive bodies over a custom fabricated chassis, giving them an appearance vaguely approximating manufacturers' showroom models.", "Funny Car __knowledge__ They also have the engine placed in front of the driver, as opposed to dragsters, which place it behind the driver.", "Funny Car __knowledge__ Funny car bodies typically reflect the models of newly available cars in the time period that the funny car was built.", "Ford FE engine __knowledge__ The Ford FE engine is a Ford V8 engine used in vehicles sold in the North American market between 1958 and 1976.", "Ford FE engine __knowledge__ The FE was introduced to replace the short-lived Ford Y-block engine, which American cars and trucks were outgrowing.", "Ford FE engine __knowledge__ It was designed with room to be significantly expanded, and manufactured both as a top-oiler and side-oiler, and in displacements between and .", "Ford FE engine __knowledge__ \"FE\" derives from 'Ford-Edsel.'", "Ford FE engine __knowledge__ Versions of the FE line designed for use in medium and heavy trucks and school buses from 1964 through 1978 were known as \"FT,\" for 'Ford-Truck,' and differed primarily by having steel (instead of nodular iron) crankshafts, larger crank snouts, different distributor shafts, different water pumps and a greater use of iron for its parts.", "Automotive lighting __knowledge__ The lighting system of a motor vehicle consists of lighting and signalling devices mounted or integrated to the front, rear, sides, and in some cases the top of a motor vehicle.", "Automotive lighting __knowledge__ This lights the roadway for the driver and increases the visibility of the vehicle, allowing other drivers and pedestrians to see a vehicle's presence, position, size, direction of travel, and the driver's intentions regarding direction and speed of travel.", "Automotive lighting __knowledge__ Emergency vehicles usually carry distinctive lighting equipment to warn drivers and indicate priority of movement in traffic.", "Automotive lighting __knowledge__ Early road vehicles used fuelled lamps, before the availability of electric lighting.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ The Shelby Mustang is a high performance variant of the Ford Mustang which was built by Shelby American from 1965 to 1968, and from 1969 to 1970 by Ford.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ Following the introduction of the fifth generation Ford Mustang in 2005, the Shelby nameplate was revived as a new high-performance model, this time designed and built by Ford.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ The 1965–1966 cars were the smallest and lightest of the GT 350 models.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ These cars are often called \"Cobras\", which was the Ford-powered AC-based two-seat sports car also produced by Shelby American during the same period.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ Both models use the Cobra emblem, similar paint scheme, and the optional \"Cobra\" valve covers on many GT350s that were part of a marketing tie-in by Shelby, as well as one of his iconic symbols.", "Ford Mustang SVT Cobra __knowledge__ The Ford SVT Mustang Cobra (also known as SVT Mustang Cobra, SVT Cobra, or simply as Cobra) is a muscle car/pony car model that was built in model years 1993 through 2004 by Ford Motor Company's Special Vehicle Team division (or SVT, for short).", "Ford Mustang SVT Cobra __knowledge__ The SVT Cobra was a high-performance version of the Ford Mustang, considered as top-of-the-line as it was positioned above the Mustang GT and Mach 1 models during its era of production.", "Ford Mustang SVT Cobra __knowledge__ On three occasions, the race-ready, street-legal SVT Cobra R variant was produced in limited numbers.", "Ford Mustang SVT Cobra __knowledge__ The SVT Cobra was succeeded by the 2007 Shelby GT500.", "Ford Mustang SVT Cobra __knowledge__ Although the GT500 was built by SVT and wears a Cobra emblem, it is not considered an SVT Cobra, as the car is licensed by Shelby and does not have \"Cobra\" in its model name or description." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang is an American car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ It was originally based on the platform of the second generation North American Ford Falcon, a compact car.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The original 1962 Ford Mustang I two-seater concept car had evolved into the 1963 Mustang II four-seater concept car which Ford used to pretest how the public would take interest in the first production Mustang.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The 1963 Mustang II concept car was designed with a variation of the production model's front and rear ends with a roof that was 2.7 inches shorter.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ Introduced early on April 17, 1964 (16 days after the Plymouth Barracuda), and thus dubbed as a \"1964½\" by Mustang fans, the 1965 Mustang was the automaker's most successful launch since the Model A.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang has undergone several transformations to its current sixth generation.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang created the \"pony car\" class of American muscle cars, affordable sporty coupes with long hoods and short rear decks, and gave rise to competitors such as the Chevrolet Camaro, Pontiac Firebird, AMC Javelin, Chrysler's revamped Plymouth Barracuda, and the second generation Dodge Challenger.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang is also credited for inspiring the designs of coupés such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri, which were imported to the United States.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ The following is list of characters the appear in the cartoon series, \"Generator Rex\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Ricardo \"Rex\" Salazar is a young human-looking E.V.O, but unlike other E.V.O.s, Rex has the ability to control his nanites at will, allowing him to cure other E.V.O.s of their mutations and use his nanites to create a variety of machines on his body and communicate with a variety of machines.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Rex is overconfident, impulsive, and typically, rebellious.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He has a quick wit and is constantly making jokes.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ However, when Rex needs to defend himself, he doesn't hold back.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He prefers to smash anything that gets in his way.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Beyoncé for her fourth studio album, \"4\" (2011).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ It was released by Columbia Records in the United States on May 25, 2011, as a promotional single.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ Serving as the opening track on \"4\", it was written and produced by The-Dream, Tricky Stewart .", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" was originally titled \"Nothing But Love\" and by Corey-Jackson Carter & The-Dream & he had initially planned to include it on his second studio album, \"Love vs. Money\" (2009).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ A down-tempo contemporary R&B and soul music power ballad, \"1+1\" Beyoncé expressing her endless love to her soul mate; the lyrics make strong statements about the power of the relationship.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The sixth generation Ford Mustang is the current iteration of the Mustang pony car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The sixth generation was presented at private Ford events on December 5, 2013 and commenced series production at the Ford Flat Rock Assembly Plant on July 14, 2014.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ In departure from prior Mustang models, the sixth generation Mustang includes fully independent rear suspension on all models, as well as an optional 2.3L EcoBoost turbocharged and direct injected four cylinder engine.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The new Mustang was introduced as a 2015 model year vehicle, marking the fiftieth anniversary of the Ford Mustang, which was revealed as a 1965 model year vehicle on April 17, 1964.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ The Shelby Mustang is a high performance variant of the Ford Mustang which was built by Shelby American from 1965 to 1968, and from 1969 to 1970 by Ford.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ Following the introduction of the fifth generation Ford Mustang in 2005, the Shelby nameplate was revived as a new high-performance model, this time designed and built by Ford.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ The 1965–1966 cars were the smallest and lightest of the GT 350 models.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ These cars are often called \"Cobras\", which was the Ford-powered AC-based two-seat sports car also produced by Shelby American during the same period.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ Both models use the Cobra emblem, similar paint scheme, and the optional \"Cobra\" valve covers on many GT350s that were part of a marketing tie-in by Shelby, as well as one of his iconic symbols.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth-generation Ford Mustang is a pony car that was manufactured by Ford from 2005 to 2014, at the Flat Rock Assembly Plant in Flat Rock, Michigan.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth generation began with the 2005 model year, and received a facelift for the 2010 model year.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Originally designed by Sid Ramnarace through late 2001 and finalized in mid-2002, the fifth-generation Mustang's design was previewed by two preproduction concept cars that debuted at the 2003 North American International Auto Show.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Development began on the S-197 program in 1999 under chief engineer Hau Thai-Tang, shortly after the 1998 launch of \"New Edge\" SN-95 facelift.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Ford and several third party companies offered many modified versions of the highly popular Mustang in order to cater to specific portions of the marketplace outside of the mainstream.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ High-performance enthusiasts seek more powerful, sharper handling, sports cars, while collectors and purists seek limited production and alternate or nostalgic styling, such as is commonly found on many commemorative editions.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Still, others were made purely for experimental concepts such as the McLaren M81 (turbo) and SVO, which later influenced production model design.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Most variants include both performance upgrades, and unique cosmetic treatments that are typically minimal to maintain the familiar appearance of a stock Mustang.", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ The Ford Falcon was a full-sized car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company of Australia from 1960 to 2016.", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ From the XA series of 1972 onward, each Falcon and range of derivates have been designed, developed, and built in Australia, following the phasing out of the American-influenced Falcon of 1960 to 1971, which had been re-engineered locally as the XK to XY series for the harsher Australian conditions.", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ The luxury-oriented Ford Fairmont model joined the range from 1965.", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ Luxury long-wheelbase derivative versions called the Ford Fairlane and LTD arrived in 1967 and 1973, respectively (with production ending in 2007)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang is an American car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ It was originally based on the platform of the second generation North American Ford Falcon, a compact car.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The original 1962 Ford Mustang I two-seater concept car had evolved into the 1963 Mustang II four-seater concept car which Ford used to pretest how the public would take interest in the first production Mustang.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The 1963 Mustang II concept car was designed with a variation of the production model's front and rear ends with a roof that was 2.7 inches shorter.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ Introduced early on April 17, 1964 (16 days after the Plymouth Barracuda), and thus dubbed as a \"1964½\" by Mustang fans, the 1965 Mustang was the automaker's most successful launch since the Model A.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang has undergone several transformations to its current sixth generation.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang created the \"pony car\" class of American muscle cars, affordable sporty coupes with long hoods and short rear decks, and gave rise to competitors such as the Chevrolet Camaro, Pontiac Firebird, AMC Javelin, Chrysler's revamped Plymouth Barracuda, and the second generation Dodge Challenger.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang is also credited for inspiring the designs of coupés such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri, which were imported to the United States.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Coolness is an aesthetic of attitude, behavior, comportment, appearance and style which is generally admired.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Because of the varied and changing connotations of cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ It has associations of composure and self-control (cf.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ the OED definition) and often is used as an expression of admiration or approval.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Although commonly regarded as slang, it is widely used among disparate social groups and has endured in usage for generations.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ There is no single concept of cool.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ One of the essential characteristics of cool is its mutability—what is considered cool changes over time and varies among cultures and generations.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ \"Reflective surfaces\" are surfaces that can deliver high solar reflectance (the ability to reflect the visible, infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths of the sun, reducing heat transfer to the surface) and high thermal emittance (the ability to radiate absorbed, or non-reflected solar energy).", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Reflective surfaces are a form of geoengineering.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ The most well-known type of reflective surface is the \"cool roof\".", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ While cool roofs are mostly associated with white roofs, they come in a variety of colors and materials and are available for both commercial and residential buildings.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Today's \"cool roof\" pigments allow metal roofing products to be EnergyStar rated in dark colors, even black.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ James Todd Smith (born January 14, 1968), better known by his stage name LL Cool J (short for Ladies Love Cool James), is an American rapper, actor, author and entrepreneur from Queens, New York.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ He is known for such hip hop hits as \"Going Back to Cali\", \"I'm Bad\", \"The Boomin' System\", \"Rock The Bells\" and \"Mama Said Knock You Out\", as well as romantic ballads such as \"Doin' It\", \"I Need Love\", \"Around the Way Girl\" and \"Hey Lover\".", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ LL Cool J has released 13 studio albums and two greatest hits compilations.", "LL Cool J __knowledge__ His twelfth album \"Exit 13\" (2008), was his last for his long-tenured deal with Def Jam Recordings.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Daddy Cool is an Australian rock band formed in Melbourne in 1970 with the original line-up of Wayne Duncan (bass, vocals), Ross Hannaford (lead guitar, bass, vocals), Ross Wilson (lead vocals, rhythm guitar, harmonica) and Gary Young (drums, vocals) .", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Their debut single \"Eagle Rock\" was released in May 1971 and stayed at number 1 on the Australian singles chart for ten weeks.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Their debut July 1971 LP \"Daddy Who?", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Daddy Cool\" also reached number 1 and became the first Australian album to sell more than 100,000 copies.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Their name comes from the 1957 song \"Daddy Cool\" by US rock group The Rays.", "Daddy Cool (band) __knowledge__ Daddy Cool included their version on \"Daddy Who?", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "White dwarf __knowledge__ A white dwarf, also called a degenerate dwarf, is a stellar core remnant composed mostly of electron-degenerate matter.", "White dwarf __knowledge__ A white dwarf is very dense: its mass is comparable to that of the Sun, while its volume is comparable to that of Earth.", "White dwarf __knowledge__ A white dwarf's faint luminosity comes from the emission of stored thermal energy; no fusion takes place in a white dwarf wherein mass is converted to energy.", "White dwarf __knowledge__ The nearest known white dwarf is Sirius B, at 8.6 light years, the smaller component of the Sirius binary star.", "White dwarf __knowledge__ There are currently thought to be eight white dwarfs among the hundred star systems nearest the Sun.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ The Ford Falcon was a full-sized car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company of Australia from 1960 to 2016.", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ From the XA series of 1972 onward, each Falcon and range of derivates have been designed, developed, and built in Australia, following the phasing out of the American-influenced Falcon of 1960 to 1971, which had been re-engineered locally as the XK to XY series for the harsher Australian conditions.", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ The luxury-oriented Ford Fairmont model joined the range from 1965.", "Ford Falcon (Australia) __knowledge__ Luxury long-wheelbase derivative versions called the Ford Fairlane and LTD arrived in 1967 and 1973, respectively (with production ending in 2007).", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova was a small automobile manufactured by Chevrolet, and produced in five generations for the 1962 through 1979, and 1985 through 1988 model years.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ Nova was the top model in the Chevy II lineup through 1968.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Chevy II nameplate was dropped, Nova becoming the nameplate for the 1969 through 1979 models.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ Built on the X-body platform, the Nova was replaced by the 1980 Chevrolet Citation introduced in the spring of 1979.", "Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova __knowledge__ The Nova nameplate returned in 1985, produced through 1988 as a NUMMI manufactured, subcompact based on the front wheel drive, Japan home-based Toyota Sprinter.", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car.", "Ford Fairlane (Australia) __knowledge__ The Ford Fairlane and LTD are full-sized luxury vehicles produced in a series of models by Ford Australia between 1959 (with the LTD commencing production in 1973) and 2007.", "Ford Fairlane (Australia) __knowledge__ From 1959 to 1964, the Fairlane was a locally assembled version of the American Ford Fairlane which had taken its name from Henry Ford's estate, Fair Lane, near Dearborn, Michigan.", "Ford Fairlane (Australia) __knowledge__ This was Ford Australia's top-of-the-range model until replaced by an Australian-assembled version of the full-sized American Ford Galaxie.", "Ford Fairlane (Australia) __knowledge__ In 1967, Ford Australia reintroduced the Fairlane, this time as an Australian-developed, luxury, long-wheelbase version of its mainstream Falcon, positioned between the Falcon and the Galaxie.", "Mercury Comet __knowledge__ The Mercury Comet is an automobile that was produced by Mercury from 1962–1969 and 1971-1977 — variously as either a compact or an intermediate car.", "Mercury Comet __knowledge__ The Comet was initially based on the compact Ford Falcon, then on the intermediate Ford Fairlane and finally on the compact Ford Maverick.", "Mercury Comet __knowledge__ As a Mercury, early Comets received better grade interior trim than concurrent Falcons, and a slightly longer wheelbase.", "Mercury Comet __knowledge__ The Comet was originally planned as an Edsel model.", "Mercury Comet __knowledge__ Ford announced the end of the Edsel program on November 19, 1959.", "Mercury Comet __knowledge__ However, production of 1960 Edsels continued until late November.", "Mercury Comet __knowledge__ The Comet was reassigned to the Lincoln-Mercury division to sell at Mercury-Comet dealerships, where it was marketed as a stand-alone product for 1960 and 1961 as the \"Comet\" without any Mercury divisional badging.", "Rambler American __knowledge__ The Rambler American is an automobile manufactured by the American Motors Corporation (AMC) between 1958 and 1969.", "Rambler American __knowledge__ The American was the second incarnation of AMC's forerunner Nash Motors second-generation Rambler compact that was sold under the Nash and Hudson Motors marques from 1954 and 1955.", "Rambler American __knowledge__ The American can be classified in three distinct model year generations: 1958 to 1960, 1961 to 1963, and 1964 to 1969.", "Rambler American __knowledge__ During the entire length of its production, the car was sold under the Rambler brand name, and was the last Rambler named automobile marketed in the Canadian and United States markets.", "Rambler American __knowledge__ The compact Rambler American was most often the lowest priced car built in the U.S." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang is an American car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ It was originally based on the platform of the second generation North American Ford Falcon, a compact car.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The original 1962 Ford Mustang I two-seater concept car had evolved into the 1963 Mustang II four-seater concept car which Ford used to pretest how the public would take interest in the first production Mustang.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The 1963 Mustang II concept car was designed with a variation of the production model's front and rear ends with a roof that was 2.7 inches shorter.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ Introduced early on April 17, 1964 (16 days after the Plymouth Barracuda), and thus dubbed as a \"1964½\" by Mustang fans, the 1965 Mustang was the automaker's most successful launch since the Model A.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang has undergone several transformations to its current sixth generation.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang created the \"pony car\" class of American muscle cars, affordable sporty coupes with long hoods and short rear decks, and gave rise to competitors such as the Chevrolet Camaro, Pontiac Firebird, AMC Javelin, Chrysler's revamped Plymouth Barracuda, and the second generation Dodge Challenger.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang is also credited for inspiring the designs of coupés such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri, which were imported to the United States.", "Traditional Mexican handcrafted toys __knowledge__ Traditional Mexican handcrafted toys are those made by artisans rather than manufactured in factories.", "Traditional Mexican handcrafted toys __knowledge__ The history of Mexican toys extends as far back as the Mesoamerican era, but many of the toys date to the colonial period.", "Traditional Mexican handcrafted toys __knowledge__ Many of these were introduced as teaching tools by evangelists, and were associated with certain festivals and holidays.", "Traditional Mexican handcrafted toys __knowledge__ These toys vary widely, including cup and ball, lotería, dolls, miniature people, animals and objects, tops and more—made of many materials, including wood, metal, cloth, corn husks, ceramic, and glass.", "Traditional Mexican handcrafted toys __knowledge__ These toys remained popular throughout Mexico until the mid-20th century, when commercially made, mostly plastic toys became widely available.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ Mexican breads and other baked goods are the result of centuries of experimentation and the blending of influence from various European baking traditions.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ Wheat, and bread baked from it, was introduced by the Spanish at the time of the Conquest.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ The French influence in Mexican Bread is the strongest.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ From the bolillo evolving from a French baguette to the concha branching out from a French brioche even the terminology comes from France.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ A baño maría, meaning a water bath for a custard type budín or bread pudding comes from the French word bain marie.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ Mexican bread While the consumption of wheat has never surpassed that of corn in the country, wheat is still a staple food and an important part of everyday and special rituals.", "Basketry of Mexico __knowledge__ Basketry of Mexico has its origins far into the pre Hispanic period, pre-dating ceramics and the domestication of fire.", "Basketry of Mexico __knowledge__ By the time the Spanish arrived, there were a number of indigenous forms, a number of which are still made today.", "Basketry of Mexico __knowledge__ These and products that the Spanish introduced form the combined tradition that remains today.", "Basketry of Mexico __knowledge__ Like other Mexican handcrafts, sales to tourists and collectors is important, but basketry is not as popular as other handcrafts.", "Basketry of Mexico __knowledge__ Basketry techniques and materials vary from region to region depending on the vegetation available (with about eighty species of plant use nationwide), with important traditions in Sonora, State of Mexico, Michoacán, Veracruz, Oaxaca and the Yucatán Peninsula.", "Cauim __knowledge__ Cauim is a traditional alcoholic beverage or beer of the indigenous peoples in Brazil since pre-Columbian times.", "Cauim __knowledge__ It is still made today in remote areas throughout Panama and South America.", "Cauim __knowledge__ Cauim is made by fermenting manioc (a large starchy root), or maize, sometimes flavored with fruit juices.", "Cauim __knowledge__ The Kuna Indians of Panama use plantains.", "Cauim __knowledge__ In Spanish it is called \"Chicha de Yuca\" or in some places (like Peru) \"Masato\".", "Cauim __knowledge__ The best term in English may be \"Manioc Beer\".", "Cauim __knowledge__ In Kichwa, \"Lumu Asua\".", "Cauim __knowledge__ In Shuar, \"Nijiamanch\".", "Cauim __knowledge__ In Paicoca, \"Co'no\".", "Cauim __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of the beverage is that the starting material is cooked, chewed, and fermented, so that enzymes present in human saliva can break down the starch into fermentable sugars.", "Philip Morris (cigarette) __knowledge__ Philip Morris is a cigarette brand that is owned and manufactured by Philip Morris USA in the United States and Altria elsewhere.", "Philip Morris (cigarette) __knowledge__ Philip Morris’ eponymous brand was first made in England, United Kingdom, and introduced to the United States as early as 1883.", "Philip Morris (cigarette) __knowledge__ Philip Morris incorporated in New York in 1902; until 1929, when the company purchased its first cigarette factory in Richmond, Virginia, their brands were made under license by Stephano Brothers of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Philip Morris (cigarette) __knowledge__ Philip Morris English Blend was introduced as a non-filter, regular-size (70 mm) brand in 1933 by Philip Morris USA.", "Puebla __knowledge__ Puebla (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Puebla () is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico.", "Puebla __knowledge__ It is divided in 217 municipalities and its capital city is Puebla.", "Puebla __knowledge__ It is located in East-Central Mexico.", "Puebla __knowledge__ It is bordered by the states of Veracruz to the north and east, Hidalgo, México, Tlaxcala and Morelos to the west, and Guerrero and Oaxaca to the south.", "Puebla __knowledge__ The origins of the state lie in the city of Puebla, which was founded by the Spanish in this valley in 1531 to secure the trade route between Mexico City and the port of Veracruz.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Ford and several third party companies offered many modified versions of the highly popular Mustang in order to cater to specific portions of the marketplace outside of the mainstream.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ High-performance enthusiasts seek more powerful, sharper handling, sports cars, while collectors and purists seek limited production and alternate or nostalgic styling, such as is commonly found on many commemorative editions.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Still, others were made purely for experimental concepts such as the McLaren M81 (turbo) and SVO, which later influenced production model design.", "Ford Mustang variants __knowledge__ Most variants include both performance upgrades, and unique cosmetic treatments that are typically minimal to maintain the familiar appearance of a stock Mustang.", "Ford Mustang I __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang I is a small, mid-engined (4-cylinder), open two-seater concept car with aluminium body work that was built by Ford in 1962.", "Ford Mustang I __knowledge__ Although it shared few design elements with the final production vehicle, it did lend its name to the line.", "Ford Mustang I __knowledge__ The original Ford Mustang was a product of the Fairlane Group, a committee of Ford managers led by Lee Iacocca.", "Ford Mustang I __knowledge__ The Fairlane Group worked on new product needs and, in the summer of 1962, the Group laid out the framework of a new sports car.", "Ford Mustang I __knowledge__ The automaker made a \"tentative bid to fill a vacuum between Go-Karts and the Corvette\" as well as to compete in FIA category 9 (SCCA Class G).\"", "Ford Mustang (second generation) __knowledge__ The second-generation Ford Mustang, marketed as the Ford Mustang II, is a pony car that was manufactured by Ford from 1973 until 1978.", "Ford Mustang (second generation) __knowledge__ It was introduced in showrooms during September 1973, in coupe and hatchback versions for the 1974 model year, in time for the 1973 oil crisis.", "Ford Mustang (second generation) __knowledge__ The Mustang II had no common components with the preceding models and shared its platform with the subcompact-sized Ford Pinto.", "Ford Mustang (second generation) __knowledge__ The first generation Mustangs grew in size; the 1973 model had become markedly larger than the original model.", "Ford Mustang (second generation) __knowledge__ The pony car market segment saw decreasing sales in the early-1970s \"with many buyers turning to lower-priced, fuel-efficient compacts like Ford's own Maverick – a huge first-year success itself.\"", "1963 Ford Mustang II (concept car) __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang II is a small, front-engined (V8), open \"two-plus-two\" concept car built by the Ford Motor Company in 1963.", "1963 Ford Mustang II (concept car) __knowledge__ Although bearing the same name as the first generation production Mustang, the four-seater Mustang II which closely resembled the final production variant that would appear in 1964, was intended primarily for the auto show circuit.", "1963 Ford Mustang II (concept car) __knowledge__ After debuting at the 1963 Watkins Glen Grand Prix, the Mustang II had a short lifespan as a show car before being relegated to the task of \"test mule\".", "1963 Ford Mustang II (concept car) __knowledge__ The sole example still exists, albeit in storage at the Detroit Historical Museum.", "1963 Ford Mustang II (concept car) __knowledge__ The original Ford Mustang was a product of the Fairlane Group, a committee of Ford managers and executives led by Vice-president and General Manager Lee Iacocca.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth-generation Ford Mustang is a pony car that was manufactured by Ford from 2005 to 2014, at the Flat Rock Assembly Plant in Flat Rock, Michigan.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth generation began with the 2005 model year, and received a facelift for the 2010 model year.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Originally designed by Sid Ramnarace through late 2001 and finalized in mid-2002, the fifth-generation Mustang's design was previewed by two preproduction concept cars that debuted at the 2003 North American International Auto Show.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Development began on the S-197 program in 1999 under chief engineer Hau Thai-Tang, shortly after the 1998 launch of \"New Edge\" SN-95 facelift.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ The Shelby Mustang is a high performance variant of the Ford Mustang which was built by Shelby American from 1965 to 1968, and from 1969 to 1970 by Ford.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ Following the introduction of the fifth generation Ford Mustang in 2005, the Shelby nameplate was revived as a new high-performance model, this time designed and built by Ford.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ The 1965–1966 cars were the smallest and lightest of the GT 350 models.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ These cars are often called \"Cobras\", which was the Ford-powered AC-based two-seat sports car also produced by Shelby American during the same period.", "Shelby Mustang __knowledge__ Both models use the Cobra emblem, similar paint scheme, and the optional \"Cobra\" valve covers on many GT350s that were part of a marketing tie-in by Shelby, as well as one of his iconic symbols." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang is an American car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ It was originally based on the platform of the second generation North American Ford Falcon, a compact car.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The original 1962 Ford Mustang I two-seater concept car had evolved into the 1963 Mustang II four-seater concept car which Ford used to pretest how the public would take interest in the first production Mustang.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The 1963 Mustang II concept car was designed with a variation of the production model's front and rear ends with a roof that was 2.7 inches shorter.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ Introduced early on April 17, 1964 (16 days after the Plymouth Barracuda), and thus dubbed as a \"1964½\" by Mustang fans, the 1965 Mustang was the automaker's most successful launch since the Model A.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang has undergone several transformations to its current sixth generation.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang created the \"pony car\" class of American muscle cars, affordable sporty coupes with long hoods and short rear decks, and gave rise to competitors such as the Chevrolet Camaro, Pontiac Firebird, AMC Javelin, Chrysler's revamped Plymouth Barracuda, and the second generation Dodge Challenger.", "Ford Mustang __knowledge__ The Mustang is also credited for inspiring the designs of coupés such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri, which were imported to the United States.", "Someday (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ \"Someday\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey from her self-titled debut studio album (1990).", "Someday (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ It is a dance-pop song with new jack swing influences.", "Someday (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ Prior to Carey signing a record contract, she and producer Ben Margulies had written and produced a four-track demo which included \"Someday\".", "Someday (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ After signing a contract with Columbia Records, Carey began work on her debut album and she reached out to Ric Wake to ask if he would produce the song, to which he agreed.", "Someday (Mariah Carey song) __knowledge__ The composition of the demo recording was changed during the recording process, most notably replacing the horns with a guitar, which Carey disapproved of.", "Nina (Nina album) __knowledge__ Nina is the self-titled third studio album by Filipina singer Nina, released in the Philippines on August 23, 2006 by Warner Music.", "Nina (Nina album) __knowledge__ After the success of her cover album \"Nina Live!", "Nina (Nina album) __knowledge__ \", Nina decided to release an all-original studio album as a follow-up.", "Nina (Nina album) __knowledge__ She named the album after herself and stated that she considers it to be \"self-titled,\" because she believes it showcases her true self as an artist.", "Nina (Nina album) __knowledge__ The album recaptures the sound of her first two albums, but only bigger and broader in terms of genre.", "Nina (Nina album) __knowledge__ It consists mostly of \"toned-down\" songs that were sung in a \"soft, near-whispery volume.\"", "Nina (Nina album) __knowledge__ The project marked the first time that she worked with Jim Baluyut as the new executive of the label.", "Someday (Nina Girado song) __knowledge__ \"Someday\" is a song by Filipino singer Nina from her 2006 self-titled fourth album.", "Someday (Nina Girado song) __knowledge__ It was released as the album's second commercial single in November 2006 by Warner Music Philippines.", "Someday (Nina Girado song) __knowledge__ The song was written and composed by Nyoy Volante, who was her boyfriend at that time, and it was produced by Warner personnel Neil Gregorio.", "Someday (Nina Girado song) __knowledge__ The song tells a story of a girl who was left by her loved, but still hopes for someone better to come.", "Someday (Nina Girado song) __knowledge__ It was entirely recorded using an acoustic piano by Bobby Velasco.", "Someday (Nina Girado song) __knowledge__ The single was accompanied by two slightly different music videos when it was released.", "Someday (Nina Girado song) __knowledge__ The first one does not include any appearance of Nina at all.", "New Radicals __knowledge__ New Radicals (stylized as Иew Radicals) was an American alternative rock band active from 1997 to 1999.", "New Radicals __knowledge__ The band centered on frontman Gregg Alexander, who wrote and produced all of their songs.", "New Radicals __knowledge__ The band's only other permanent member was keyboardist and percussionist Danielle Brisebois.", "New Radicals __knowledge__ The band released one album, 1998's \"Maybe You've Been Brainwashed Too\", an alternative album heavily influenced by the rock and soul of the 1970s, containing—among radio-friendly modern rock tracks and love songs—strong criticism of corporate America.", "New Radicals __knowledge__ The band is known for their debut single \"You Get What You Give\", which topped the charts in Canada and New Zealand, became a top 5 hit in the United Kingdom, was in the top 40 in the US, and whose lyrics, which insulted celebrities at the end of the song, provided a minor media spectacle.", "Knocked Up __knowledge__ Knocked Up is a 2007 American romantic comedy film written, directed, and co-produced by Judd Apatow, and starring Seth Rogen, Katherine Heigl, Paul Rudd, and Leslie Mann.", "Knocked Up __knowledge__ It follows the repercussions of a drunken one-night stand between a slacker and a just-promoted media personality that results in an unintended pregnancy.", "Knocked Up __knowledge__ The film was released on June 1, 2007 to box office success, grossing $219 million worldwide, and acclaim from critics.", "Knocked Up __knowledge__ A spin-off sequel, \"This Is 40\", was released in 2012.", "Knocked Up __knowledge__ Alison Scott (Katherine Heigl) is a career-minded woman who has just been given an on-air role with E!", "The Convention (The Office) __knowledge__ \"The Convention\" is the second episode of the third season of the US version of \"The Office\", and the show's 30th overall.", "The Convention (The Office) __knowledge__ \"The Convention\" was written by the writing team of Gene Stupnitsky and Lee Eisenberg, and directed by Ken Whittingham.", "The Convention (The Office) __knowledge__ In this episode, Josh Porter (Charles Esten) and Jim Halpert (John Krasinski) from Dunder Mifflin Stamford, as well as Michael Scott (Steve Carell) and Dwight Schrute (Rainn Wilson) from Dunder Mifflin Scranton leave for Philadelphia for the annual office supply convention.", "The Convention (The Office) __knowledge__ Michael, angry at both Jim for leaving the Scranton branch, as well as Josh for being superior to him, tries to one-up both Jim and Josh at every opportunity.", "Yael Grobglas __knowledge__ Yael Grobglas () is an Israeli actress, best known for her roles as Petra Solano and her twin sister Anezka on the CW television series \"Jane the Virgin\".", "Yael Grobglas __knowledge__ Her first major role was in three seasons of the Israeli sci-fi TV series \"Ha'i\" (English: The Island, 2007–09), which established her popularity among Israel's teenage audiences.", "Yael Grobglas __knowledge__ She gained recognition for her debut film role in the first Israeli horror film \"Rabies\" (, translit.", "Yael Grobglas __knowledge__ Kalevet, 2010), which participated in the Tribeca Film Festival, and a number of other venues internationally.", "Yael Grobglas __knowledge__ Through 2010–11 Grobglas performed a number of lead and supporting roles in prime time Israeli television shows, including in the sitcom \"Ha-Shualim\" (English: The Foxes 2010), \"Ramzor\" (English: Traffic Light, Hebrew: רמזור), and \"Hatzuya\" (2011).", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The sixth generation Ford Mustang is the current iteration of the Mustang pony car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The sixth generation was presented at private Ford events on December 5, 2013 and commenced series production at the Ford Flat Rock Assembly Plant on July 14, 2014.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ In departure from prior Mustang models, the sixth generation Mustang includes fully independent rear suspension on all models, as well as an optional 2.3L EcoBoost turbocharged and direct injected four cylinder engine.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The new Mustang was introduced as a 2015 model year vehicle, marking the fiftieth anniversary of the Ford Mustang, which was revealed as a 1965 model year vehicle on April 17, 1964.", "Pony car __knowledge__ Pony car is an American class of automobile launched and inspired by the Ford Mustang in 1964.", "Pony car __knowledge__ It broke all post-World War II automobile sales records, \"creating the 'pony car' craze soon adopted by competitors.\"", "Pony car __knowledge__ The term describes an affordable, compact, highly styled car with a sporty or performance-oriented image.", "Pony car __knowledge__ The pony car had its origins when domestic automakers began \"noticing the rising interest in small, sporty cars, and the increasing importance of younger customers\" Several concept cars were developed.", "Pony car __knowledge__ Efforts to entice Ford Motor Company by the Budd Company, the producer of the bodies of the original 2-seater Thunderbird, was a new four-seat car utilizing refurbished tooling from the old model as well as a new two-seat roadster built early 1962 on a Ford Falcon chassis using a modified 4-seat 1957 Thunderbird body.", "Cinema of China __knowledge__ The cinema of China is one of three distinct historical threads of Chinese-language cinema together with the cinema of Hong Kong and the cinema of Taiwan.", "Cinema of China __knowledge__ Cinema was introduced in China in 1896 and the first Chinese film, \"The Battle of Dingjunshan\", was made in 1905, with the film industry being centered on Shanghai in the first decades.", "Cinema of China __knowledge__ The first sound film, \"Sing-Song Girl Red Peony\", using the sound-on-disc technology, was made in 1931.", "Cinema of China __knowledge__ The 1930s, considered the first \"golden period\" of Chinese cinema, saw the advent of the Leftist cinematic movement and the dispute between Nationalists and Communists was reflected in the films produced.", "Ford Fiesta __knowledge__ The Ford Fiesta is a supermini marketed by Ford since 1976 over seven generations and manufactured globally, including in Europe, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, China, India, Thailand, and South Africa.", "Ford Fiesta __knowledge__ In 2010, the sixth generation Fiesta (Mark VI) was introduced worldwide, making it the first Fiesta model to be sold in North America since the Fiesta Mark I was discontinued at the end of 1980.", "Ford Fiesta __knowledge__ Ford has sold over 16 million Fiestas since 1976, making it one of the best selling Ford marques behind the Escort and the F-Series.", "Ford Fiesta __knowledge__ The Fiesta was originally developed under the project name \"Bobcat\" (not to be confused with the subsequent badge engineered Mercury variant of the Ford Pinto) and approved for development by Henry Ford II in September 1972, just after the launch of two comparable cars – the Fiat 127 and Renault 5.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth-generation Ford Mustang is a pony car that was manufactured by Ford from 2005 to 2014, at the Flat Rock Assembly Plant in Flat Rock, Michigan.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth generation began with the 2005 model year, and received a facelift for the 2010 model year.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Originally designed by Sid Ramnarace through late 2001 and finalized in mid-2002, the fifth-generation Mustang's design was previewed by two preproduction concept cars that debuted at the 2003 North American International Auto Show.", "Ford Mustang (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Development began on the S-197 program in 1999 under chief engineer Hau Thai-Tang, shortly after the 1998 launch of \"New Edge\" SN-95 facelift.", "Sixth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ In the history of video games, the sixth-generation era (sometimes referred to as the 128-bit era; see \"Bits and system power\" below) refers to the computer and video games, video game consoles, and video game handhelds available at the turn of the 21st century which was from 1998 to 2005.", "Sixth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ Platforms of the sixth generation include the Sega Dreamcast, Sony PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, and Microsoft Xbox.", "Sixth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ This era began on November 27, 1998 with the Japanese release of the Dreamcast, and it was joined by the PlayStation 2 in March 2000 and the GameCube and Xbox in 2001.", "Sixth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ The Dreamcast was discontinued in 2001, the GameCube in 2007, Xbox in 2009 and PlayStation 2 in 2013." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 6, 8 ]

[ "Do you love luxury rides? Ford Mustang is an American car manufactured by Ford", "originally it was based on the platform of the second generation North American Ford Falcon, a compact car.", " original 1962 Ford Mustang I two-seater concept car had evolved into the 1963 Mustang II four-seater concept", "Yeah! Though Mustang has undergone several transformations to its current sixth generation", "More so ,Mustang is also credited for inspiring the designs of coupés such as the Toyota Celica and Ford Capri, " ]

[ "Ford Mustang", "Ford Mustang", "Ford Mustang", "Ford Mustang", "Ford Mustang" ]

[ "Mars", "I agree. I hear it's also really col.d", "It is yeah. That's because it's red. We might land a person there sometime!", "Yeah he is. So is Trump apparently. It's just so far away and costs a lot of money." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury.", "Mars __knowledge__ In English, Mars carries a name of the Roman god of war, and is often referred to as the \"Red Planet\" because the reddish iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance that is distinctive among the astronomical bodies visible to the naked eye.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.", "Mars __knowledge__ The rotational period and seasonal cycles of Mars are likewise similar to those of Earth, as is the tilt that produces the seasons.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the site of Olympus Mons, the largest volcano and second-highest known mountain in the Solar System, and of Valles Marineris, one of the largest canyons in the Solar System.", "Mars __knowledge__ The smooth Borealis basin in the northern hemisphere covers 40% of the planet and may be a giant impact feature.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are small and irregularly shaped.", "Mars __knowledge__ These may be captured asteroids, similar to 5261 Eureka, a Mars trojan.", "Mars __knowledge__ There are ongoing investigations assessing the past habitability potential of Mars, as well as the possibility of extant life." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury.", "Mars __knowledge__ In English, Mars carries a name of the Roman god of war, and is often referred to as the \"Red Planet\" because the reddish iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance that is distinctive among the astronomical bodies visible to the naked eye.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.", "Mars __knowledge__ The rotational period and seasonal cycles of Mars are likewise similar to those of Earth, as is the tilt that produces the seasons.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the site of Olympus Mons, the largest volcano and second-highest known mountain in the Solar System, and of Valles Marineris, one of the largest canyons in the Solar System.", "Mars __knowledge__ The smooth Borealis basin in the northern hemisphere covers 40% of the planet and may be a giant impact feature.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are small and irregularly shaped.", "Mars __knowledge__ These may be captured asteroids, similar to 5261 Eureka, a Mars trojan.", "Mars __knowledge__ There are ongoing investigations assessing the past habitability potential of Mars, as well as the possibility of extant life.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The 6th Florida Infantry Regiment' was raised by the Confederate State of Florida for service to the Provisional Army of the Confederate States of America.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ Organized and released from state service in mid-April 1862, the regiment would leave the state in mid-June, 1862.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ It was assigned from June through August 1862 to the Army of East Tennessee (Department of East Tennessee), General Edmund Kirby Smith commanding.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The Army of East Tennessee was redesignated as the Confederate Army of Kentucky on August 25, 1862, when General Smith led it into eastern Kentucky during the Confederate Heartland Offensive.", "Dust (Peatbog Faeries album) __knowledge__ Dust is the sixth studio album by the Scottish Celtic fusion band Peatbog Faeries, released on 8 August 2011 on Peatbog Records, although pre-release copies were released on 20 July 2011 through the band's online shop.", "Dust (Peatbog Faeries album) __knowledge__ Following the band's 2008 tour and subsequent live album, the band's fiddle player Adam Sutherland and drummer Iain Copeland left the band, replaced by Peter Tickell and Stu Haikney respectively whose experience helped stir the band in a new direction.", "Dust (Peatbog Faeries album) __knowledge__ The band set to record \"Dust\" in 2011 with longtime producer Calum MacLean, beginning work in Orbost and concluding work at Cumbernauld College.", "List of EastEnders characters (2016) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2016, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2016) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Dominic Treadwell-Collins, or his successor Sean O'Connor.", "List of EastEnders characters (2016) __knowledge__ In January, Kyle Slater's close friend Sophie Dodd (Poppy Rush) and Stacey Branning's (Lacey Turner) psychiatric nurse Dr Delia Forde were both introduced.", "List of EastEnders characters (2016) __knowledge__ Joel Reynolds' brother Tim Reynolds, Jay Brown's (Jamie Borthwick) love interest Linzi Bragg (Amy-Leigh Hickman), Linzi's mother Thelma Bragg (Lorraine Stanley), Jordan Johnson's son JJ Johnson and Claudette Hubbard's (Ellen Thomas) foster son Linford Short (Leon Lopez) all made their first appearances in February.", "Elliot Bevan __knowledge__ Elliot Bevan is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Garnon Davies.", "Elliot Bevan __knowledge__ He first appeared on 9 January 2007 as a new student.", "Elliot Bevan __knowledge__ In July 2010, it was announced that Davies would be leaving the show.", "Elliot Bevan __knowledge__ He made his final appearance on 15 November 2010.", "Elliot Bevan __knowledge__ During his time on the show, Elliot was involved in storylines including a relationship with his friend Sarah Barnes (Loui Batley) and finding his long-lost father.", "Elliot Bevan __knowledge__ Elliot was created in 2006 and on the day auditions were held and Davies had attended other castings.", "Elliot Bevan __knowledge__ Of his \"Hollyoaks\" audition Davies stated: \"The day I went for the audition I also had a casting for a McVities biscuits ad, I’m glad I got the one I did, but it was a weird audition.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ As the World Turns is a long-running soap opera television series that aired on CBS from April 2, 1956, to September 17, 2010.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ Its fictional world has a long and involved history.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ List of characters who were part of the original cast: Like many daytime dramas of the period, the show entered into a mixed experiment with heavily youth-oriented action-adventure storylines in the early 1980s under producer Mary-Ellis Bunim and writers Bridget and Jerome Dobson.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ One of their juiciest stories centered around the various and sundry traumas endured by Jennifer's daughter Barbara Ryan (Colleen Zenk Pinter) - during the years of her marriage to the charismatic criminal James Stenbeck (Anthony Herrera) (This was after she had left Tom Hughes at the altar in June 1980).", "List of EastEnders characters (2008) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2008, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2008) __knowledge__ All characters were introduced by executive producer Diederick Santer.", "List of EastEnders characters (2008) __knowledge__ Santer introduced four characters in January, Mr Lister, a new market inspector; Christian Clarke, the brother of Jane Beale and two members of the Branning family, Selina and Penny.", "List of EastEnders characters (2008) __knowledge__ In March, he introduced Jalil Iqbal, a new love interest for Shabnam Masood and in April he introduced Ricky Butcher's fiancée, Melinda as well as Bianca Jackson's children, Whitney, Morgan and Tiffany.", "List of EastEnders characters (2008) __knowledge__ Also in April he introduced Denise Fox's ex-husband, Lucas Johnson, and Opal Smith, the aunt of Gus and Juley Smith.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ Mount Everest, known in Nepali as Sagarmāthā and in Tibetan as Chomolungma, is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The international border between China (Tibet Autonomous Region) and Nepal runs across its summit point.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The current official height of , recognised by China and Nepal, was established by a 1955 Indian survey and subsequently confirmed by a Chinese survey in 1975.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ In 2005, China remeasured the rock height of the mountain, with a result of 8844.43 m. There followed an argument between China and Nepal as to whether the official height should be the rock height (8,844 m., China) or the snow height (8,848 m., Nepal).", "Solar System __knowledge__ The Solar System is the gravitationally bound system comprising the Sun and the objects that orbit it, either directly or indirectly.", "Solar System __knowledge__ Of those objects that orbit the Sun directly, the largest eight are the planets, with the remainder being smaller objects, such as dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies.", "Solar System __knowledge__ Of the objects that orbit the Sun indirectly, the moons, two are larger than the smallest planet, Mercury.", "Solar System __knowledge__ The Solar System formed 4.6 billion years ago from the gravitational collapse of a giant interstellar molecular cloud.", "Solar System __knowledge__ The vast majority of the system's mass is in the Sun, with the majority of the remaining mass contained in Jupiter.", "Planet __knowledge__ A planet is an astronomical body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that The term \"planet\" is ancient, with ties to history, astrology, science, mythology, and religion.", "Planet __knowledge__ Several planets in the Solar System can be seen with the naked eye.", "Planet __knowledge__ These were regarded by many early cultures as divine, or as emissaries of deities.", "Planet __knowledge__ As scientific knowledge advanced, human perception of the planets changed, incorporating a number of disparate objects.", "Planet __knowledge__ In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially adopted a resolution defining planets within the Solar System.", "Planet __knowledge__ This definition is controversial because it excludes many objects of planetary mass based on where or what they orbit.", "Raja yoga (Hindu astrology) __knowledge__ Raja yogas are \"Shubha\" ('auspicious') \"yogas\" that give success and a grand rise in career or business, and a greater degree of financial prosperity particularly during the \"dasha\" of the planets that give rise to \"Raja yogas\".", "Raja yoga (Hindu astrology) __knowledge__ However, these results get adversely modified by the presence of other \"Ashubha\" ('inauspicious') \"Arista yogas\".", "Raja yoga (Hindu astrology) __knowledge__ Basically, the Yoga or Raja yoga-causing planets during the course of their respective dashas confer their most auspicious results if they happen to own the lagna-bhava (the Ascendant) or the Suta-bhava (the 5th house) or the Bhagyasthana (the 9th house); the person remains healthy, wealthy, happy and successful enjoying yoga and Raja yoga results in case the lagna, the 3rd, the 6th, the 8th, the 9th and the 12th houses counted from the lagna are also not occupied by any planet, and the kendras (quadrants) are occupied only by benefic planets.", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses __knowledge__ Ideas concerning the origin and fate of the world date from the earliest known writings; however, for almost all of that time, there was no attempt to link such theories to the existence of a \"Solar System\", simply because almost no one knew or believed that the Solar System, in the sense we now understand it, existed.", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses __knowledge__ The first step towards a theory of Solar System formation was the general acceptance of heliocentrism, the model which placed the Sun at the centre of the system and the Earth in orbit around it.", "History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses __knowledge__ This conception had been gestating for thousands of years, but was only widely accepted by the end of the 17th century.", "Planets in astrology __knowledge__ Planets in astrology have a meaning different from the modern astronomical understanding of what a planet is.", "Planets in astrology __knowledge__ Before the age of telescopes, the night sky was thought to consist of two very similar components: fixed stars, which remained motionless in relation to each other, and \"wandering stars\" ( \"asteres planetai\"), which moved relative to the fixed stars over the course of the year.", "Planets in astrology __knowledge__ To the Greeks and the other earliest astronomers, this group consisted of the five planets visible to the naked eye and excluded Earth.", "Planets in astrology __knowledge__ Although strictly, the term \"planet\" applied only to those five objects, the term was latterly broadened, particularly in the Middle Ages, to include the Sun and the Moon (sometimes referred to as \"Lights\"), making a total of seven planets.", "Formation and evolution of the Solar System __knowledge__ The formation and evolution of the Solar System began 4.6 billion years ago with the gravitational collapse of a small part of a giant molecular cloud.", "Formation and evolution of the Solar System __knowledge__ Most of the collapsing mass collected in the center, forming the Sun, while the rest flattened into a protoplanetary disk out of which the planets, moons, asteroids, and other small Solar System bodies formed.", "Formation and evolution of the Solar System __knowledge__ This model, known as the nebular hypothesis, was first developed in the 18th century by Emanuel Swedenborg, Immanuel Kant, and Pierre-Simon Laplace.", "Formation and evolution of the Solar System __knowledge__ Its subsequent development has interwoven a variety of scientific disciplines including astronomy, physics, geology, and planetary science." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury.", "Mars __knowledge__ In English, Mars carries a name of the Roman god of war, and is often referred to as the \"Red Planet\" because the reddish iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance that is distinctive among the astronomical bodies visible to the naked eye.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.", "Mars __knowledge__ The rotational period and seasonal cycles of Mars are likewise similar to those of Earth, as is the tilt that produces the seasons.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the site of Olympus Mons, the largest volcano and second-highest known mountain in the Solar System, and of Valles Marineris, one of the largest canyons in the Solar System.", "Mars __knowledge__ The smooth Borealis basin in the northern hemisphere covers 40% of the planet and may be a giant impact feature.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are small and irregularly shaped.", "Mars __knowledge__ These may be captured asteroids, similar to 5261 Eureka, a Mars trojan.", "Mars __knowledge__ There are ongoing investigations assessing the past habitability potential of Mars, as well as the possibility of extant life.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Mao Zedong __knowledge__ Mao Zedong (December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), commonly known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary, poet, political theorist and founding father of the People's Republic of China, which he ruled as the Chairman of the Communist Party of China from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976.", "Mao Zedong __knowledge__ His theories, military strategies, and political policies are collectively known as Maoism.", "Mao Zedong __knowledge__ Mao Zedong was the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan, Hunan.", "Mao Zedong __knowledge__ Mao adopted a Chinese nationalist and anti-imperialist outlook early in his life, and was particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Planets in astrology __knowledge__ Planets in astrology have a meaning different from the modern astronomical understanding of what a planet is.", "Planets in astrology __knowledge__ Before the age of telescopes, the night sky was thought to consist of two very similar components: fixed stars, which remained motionless in relation to each other, and \"wandering stars\" ( \"asteres planetai\"), which moved relative to the fixed stars over the course of the year.", "Planets in astrology __knowledge__ To the Greeks and the other earliest astronomers, this group consisted of the five planets visible to the naked eye and excluded Earth.", "Planets in astrology __knowledge__ Although strictly, the term \"planet\" applied only to those five objects, the term was latterly broadened, particularly in the Middle Ages, to include the Sun and the Moon (sometimes referred to as \"Lights\"), making a total of seven planets.", "Janus __knowledge__ In ancient Roman religion and myth, Janus (; (\"Iānus\"), ) is the god of beginnings, gates, transitions, time, duality, doorways, passages, and endings.", "Janus __knowledge__ He is usually depicted as having two faces, since he looks to the future and to the past.", "Janus __knowledge__ It is conventionally thought that the month of January is named for Janus (Ianuarius), but according to ancient Roman farmers' almanacs Juno was the tutelary deity of the month.", "Janus __knowledge__ Janus presided over the beginning and ending of conflict, and hence war and peace.", "Janus __knowledge__ The gates of a building in Rome named after him, not a temple as it is often called, but an open enclosure with gates at each end, were opened in time of war, and closed to mark the arrival of peace (which did not happen very often).", "List of The World God Only Knows characters __knowledge__ \"The World God Only Knows\" manga and anime series features an extensive cast of characters created by Tamiki Wakaki.", "List of The World God Only Knows characters __knowledge__ The main protagonist is Keima Katsuragi, a video game player who teams up with Elsie, a Spirit Hunter Demon, to capture spirits hiding in girls at his high school, Maijima High.", "List of The World God Only Knows characters __knowledge__ Fourteen of the characters were named after stations in the Kintetsu train system.", "List of The World God Only Knows characters __knowledge__ In September 2014, Kintetsu had a promotion where they issued special tickets bearing the characters' images.", "List of The World God Only Knows characters __knowledge__ , a 17-year-old high school student at Maijima Academy, is known on the Internet and in gaming circles as because of his exceptional skills and experience in \"capturing\" (winning over) virtual girls in dating sims and However, in real life, he is called (a portmanteau of and ), where he immerses himself in the game world and declares that he is only attracted to the virtual games within it.", "October Horse __knowledge__ In ancient Roman religion, the October Horse (Latin Equus October) was an animal sacrifice to Mars carried out on October 15, coinciding with the end of the agricultural and military campaigning season.", "October Horse __knowledge__ The rite took place during one of three horse-racing festivals held in honor of Mars, the others being the two Equirria on February 27 and March 14.", "October Horse __knowledge__ Two-horse chariot races (\"bigae\") were held in the Campus Martius, the area of Rome named for Mars, after which the right-hand horse of the winning team was transfixed by a spear, then sacrificed.", "October Horse __knowledge__ The horse's head \"(caput)\" and tail (\"cauda\") were cut off and used separately in the two subsequent parts of the ceremonies: two neighborhoods staged a fight for the right to display the head, and the freshly bloodied \"cauda\" was carried to the Regia for sprinkling the sacred hearth of Rome.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ The Imperial Roman army are the terrestrial armed forces deployed by the Roman Empire from about 30 BC to 476 AD.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ This period is sometimes split into the Principate (30 BC – 284 AD) and Dominate (285–476) periods.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ Under Augustus (ruled 30 BC – 14 AD), the army consisted of \"legions\", eventually \"auxilia\" and also \"numeri\".", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ As all-citizen formations, and symbolic protectors of the dominance of the Italian \"master-nation\", legions enjoyed greater social prestige than the auxilia for much of the Principate.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ This was reflected in better pay and benefits.", "Imperial Roman army __knowledge__ In addition, legionaries were equipped with more expensive and protective armour than auxiliaries, notably the \"lorica segmentata\", or laminated-strip armour.", "Mars (mythology) __knowledge__ In ancient Roman religion and myth, Mars (, ) was the god of war and also an agricultural guardian, a combination characteristic of early Rome.", "Mars (mythology) __knowledge__ He was second in importance only to Jupiter and he was the most prominent of the military gods in the religion of the Roman army.", "Mars (mythology) __knowledge__ Most of his festivals were held in March, the month named for him (Latin \"Martius\"), and in October, which began the season for military campaigning and ended the season for farming.", "Mars (mythology) __knowledge__ Under the influence of Greek culture, Mars was identified with the Greek god Ares, whose myths were reinterpreted in Roman literature and art under the name of Mars." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury.", "Mars __knowledge__ In English, Mars carries a name of the Roman god of war, and is often referred to as the \"Red Planet\" because the reddish iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance that is distinctive among the astronomical bodies visible to the naked eye.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.", "Mars __knowledge__ The rotational period and seasonal cycles of Mars are likewise similar to those of Earth, as is the tilt that produces the seasons.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the site of Olympus Mons, the largest volcano and second-highest known mountain in the Solar System, and of Valles Marineris, one of the largest canyons in the Solar System.", "Mars __knowledge__ The smooth Borealis basin in the northern hemisphere covers 40% of the planet and may be a giant impact feature.", "Mars __knowledge__ Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are small and irregularly shaped.", "Mars __knowledge__ These may be captured asteroids, similar to 5261 Eureka, a Mars trojan.", "Mars __knowledge__ There are ongoing investigations assessing the past habitability potential of Mars, as well as the possibility of extant life.", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ This article describes the foreign policy positions taken by Donald Trump during his 2016 presidential campaign.", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ In a \"New York Times\" interview in July 2016, Presidential Nominee Trump \"repeatedly defined American global interests almost purely in economic terms,\" with the nation's \"roles as a peacekeeper, as a provider of a nuclear deterrent against adversaries like North Korea, as an advocate of human rights and as a guarantor of allies' borders\" being \"quickly reduced to questions of economic benefit to the United States.\"", "Foreign policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ A 68-page document likely written by and under the direction of the Trump administration's national security adviser, Lt. Gen. H.R.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ The 2016 presidential campaign of Donald Trump was formally launched on June 16, 2015, at Trump Tower in New York City.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump was the Republican nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election, having won the most state primaries, caucuses, and delegates at the 2016 Republican National Convention.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ He chose Mike Pence, the sitting Governor of Indiana, as his vice presidential running mate.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ On November 8, 2016, Trump and Pence were elected president and vice president of the United States.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump's populist positions in opposition to illegal immigration and various trade agreements, such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership, earned him support especially among voters who were male, white, blue-collar and those without college degrees.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Donald Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States at noon EST on January 20, 2017, succeeding Barack Obama.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump, the Republican nominee, was a businessman and reality television personality from New York City at the time of his victory in the 2016 presidential election over the Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton, to whom he lost the popular vote by 3 million votes while winning the electoral college.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ His running mate, former Governor Mike Pence of Indiana, took office as the 48th Vice President of the United States on the same day.", "Presidency of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump's term in office is set to end on January 20, 2021, though he is eligible for election to a second term and has declared his intention to run, announcing his re-election campaign on the day of his inauguration.", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration __knowledge__ The foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration stated aims include a focus on security, by fighting terrorists abroad and strengthening border defenses and immigration controls; an expansion of the U.S. military; an \"America First\" approach to trade; and diplomacy whereby \"old enemies become friends\".", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration __knowledge__ It is inspired by foreign policy positions expressed by Donald Trump during his presidential campaign.", "Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration __knowledge__ However, during the campaign his stated positions changed frequently, so that it was \"difficult to glean a political agenda, or even a set of clear, core policy values ahead of his presidency.\"", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Donald Trump's signature economic policy proposals, sometimes referred to as MAGAnomics or Trumponomics, include trade protectionism, immigration reduction, individual and corporate tax reform, the dismantling of the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and the repeal of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (\"Obamacare\").", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Bills to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act (\"Obamacare\") did not pass Congress in mid-2017.", "Economic policy of Donald Trump __knowledge__ However, Trump's tax reform plan was signed into law in December 2017, which included substantial tax cuts for higher income taxpayers and corporations as well as repeal of a key Obamacare element, the individual mandate.", "Political positions of Donald Trump __knowledge__ The policy positions of United States President Donald Trump have elements from across the political spectrum.", "Political positions of Donald Trump __knowledge__ For example, he has proposed sizable income tax cuts and deregulation consistent with conservative (Republican Party) policies, along with significant infrastructure investment and protection for entitlements for the elderly, typically considered liberal (Democratic Party) policies.", "Political positions of Donald Trump __knowledge__ His anti-globalization policies of trade protectionism and immigration reduction cross party lines.", "Political positions of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump has said that he is \"totally flexible on very, very many issues.\"", "Political positions of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump's \"signature issue\" is immigration, especially illegal immigration, and in particular building or expanding a border wall between the U.S. and Mexico.", "Donald Trump __knowledge__ Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is the 45th and current President of the United States, in office since January 20, 2017.", "Donald Trump __knowledge__ Before entering politics, he was a businessman and television personality.", "Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump was born and grew up in the New York City borough of Queens and earned an economics degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.", "Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump took over running his family's real estate business in 1971, renamed it The Trump Organization, and expanded it to involve constructing and renovating skyscrapers, hotels, casinos, and golf courses.", "Donald Trump __knowledge__ He also started various side ventures, including branding and licensing his name for real estate and luxury consumer products.", "Elon Musk __knowledge__ Elon Reeve Musk (; born June 28, 1971) is a South African-American business magnate, investor, engineer, and inventor.", "Elon Musk __knowledge__ He is the founder, CEO, and lead designer of SpaceX; co-founder, CEO, and product architect of Tesla Inc.; co-chairman of OpenAI; founder and CEO of Neuralink, and founder of The Boring Company.", "Elon Musk __knowledge__ He is also a co-founder and former chairman of SolarCity, co-founder of Zip2, and founder of X.com, which merged with Confinity and took the name PayPal.", "Elon Musk __knowledge__ In December 2016, Musk was ranked 21st on the \"Forbes\" list of The World's Most Powerful People.", "Elon Musk __knowledge__ , Musk has a net worth of $20.9 billion, and is listed by \"Forbes\" as the 53rd richest person in the world.", "SpaceX __knowledge__ Space Exploration Technologies Corp., doing business as SpaceX, is a private American aerospace manufacturer and space transport services company headquartered in Hawthorne, California.", "SpaceX __knowledge__ It was founded in 2002 by entrepreneur Elon Musk with the goal of reducing space transportation costs and enabling the colonization of Mars.", "SpaceX __knowledge__ SpaceX has since developed the Falcon launch vehicle family and the Dragon spacecraft family, which both currently deliver payloads into Earth orbit.", "SpaceX __knowledge__ SpaceX's achievements include the first privately funded liquid-propellant rocket to reach orbit (Falcon 1 in 2008); the first privately funded company to successfully launch, orbit, and recover a spacecraft (Dragon in 2010); the first private company to send a spacecraft to the International Space Station (Dragon in 2012); the first propulsive landing for an orbital rocket (Falcon 9 in 2015); and the first reuse of an orbital rocket (Falcon 9 in 2017).", "SpaceX Mars transportation infrastructure __knowledge__ Elon Musk and SpaceX have proposed to develop a Mars transportation infrastructure in order to facilitate the eventual colonization of Mars.", "SpaceX Mars transportation infrastructure __knowledge__ The design includes fully reusable launch vehicles, human-rated spacecraft, on-orbit propellant tankers, rapid-turnaround launch/landing mounts, and local production of rocket fuel on Mars via in situ resource utilization (ISRU).", "SpaceX Mars transportation infrastructure __knowledge__ SpaceX' aspirational goal is to put the first humans on Mars by 2024. , the key element of the infrastructure is the BFR or \"Big Falcon Rocket\".", "SpaceX Mars transportation infrastructure __knowledge__ It is a two-stage rocket where the upper stage is also used as spacecraft to reach Mars and to return to Earth.", "Falcon Heavy __knowledge__ Falcon Heavy is a reusable super heavy-lift launch vehicle being designed and manufactured by SpaceX.", "Falcon Heavy __knowledge__ The Falcon Heavy (previously known as the Falcon 9 Heavy) is a variant of the Falcon 9 launch vehicle and will consist of a strengthened Falcon 9 rocket core with two additional Falcon 9 first stages as strap-on boosters.", "Falcon Heavy __knowledge__ This will increase the low Earth orbit (LEO) maximum payload to , compared to for a Falcon 9 full thrust.", "Falcon Heavy __knowledge__ The Falcon Heavy will only be able to deliver this mass when it is fully expended; the maximum mass to geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) with first stage and side booster recovery is 8,000 kilograms (17,637 lb), compared to for a recoverable Falcon 9.", "SpaceX reusable launch system development program __knowledge__ The SpaceX reusable launch system development program is a privately funded program to develop a set of new technologies for an orbital launch system that may be reused many times in a manner similar to the reusability of aircraft.", "SpaceX reusable launch system development program __knowledge__ The company SpaceX is developing the technologies over a number of years to facilitate full and rapid reusability of space launch vehicles.", "SpaceX reusable launch system development program __knowledge__ The project's long-term objectives include returning a launch vehicle first stage to the launch site in minutes and to return a second stage to the launch pad following orbital realignment with the launch site and atmospheric reentry in up to 24 hours.", "Raptor (rocket engine family) __knowledge__ Raptor is a family of cryogenic, methane-fueled rocket engines under development by SpaceX.", "Raptor (rocket engine family) __knowledge__ The engines are powered by densified liquid methane and liquid oxygen (LOX), rather than the RP-1 kerosene and LOX used in all previous Falcon 9 rockets which use Merlin 1C & D engines.", "Raptor (rocket engine family) __knowledge__ The earliest concepts for Raptor considered liquid hydrogen () as fuel rather than methane.", "Raptor (rocket engine family) __knowledge__ The Raptor engine will have two to three times the thrust of the Merlin 1D engine that powers the current Falcon 9 launch vehicle.", "Raptor (rocket engine family) __knowledge__ The broad Raptor concept \"is a highly reusable methane staged-combustion engine that will power the next generation of SpaceX launch vehicles designed for the exploration and colonization of Mars\".", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Mars is the focus of much scientific study about possible human colonization.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Mars' surface conditions and past presence of water make it arguably the most hospitable planet in the Solar System besides Earth.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Mars requires less energy per unit mass (delta-v) to reach from Earth than any planet, except Venus.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Permanent human habitation on other planets, including Mars, is one of science fiction's most prevalent themes.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ As technology advances, and concerns about humanity's future on Earth increase, arguments favoring space colonization gain momentum.", "Colonization of Mars __knowledge__ Other reasons for colonizing space include economic interests, long-term scientific research best carried out by humans as opposed to robotic probes, and sheer curiosity." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 1, 1 ]

[ "Mars is one of the coolest planets and 4th from the sun", "Its named after the roman god of war, mars is interesting", "Mars is the next planet targeted for space conquest, elon musk is trying tho", "Mars is still the foruth planet from the sun so its more possible than any other" ]

[ "Mars", "Mars", "Mars", "Mars" ]

[ "Scuba diving", "I have never been scuba diving, is it hard or complicated? Do you use oxygen?", "Do you scuba dive commercially or recreationally?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ They may include additional cylinders for decompression gas or emergency breathing gas.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Closed-circuit or semi-closed circuit rebreather scuba systems allow recycling of exhaled gases.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ The volume of gas used is reduced compared to that of open circuit, so a smaller cylinder or cylinders may be used for an equivalent dive duration.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Rebreathers extend the time spent underwater compared to open circuit for the same gas consumption, they produce fewer bubbles and less noise than scuba which makes them attractive to covert military divers to avoid detection, scientific divers to avoid disturbing marine animals, and media divers to avoid bubble interference." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ They may include additional cylinders for decompression gas or emergency breathing gas.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Closed-circuit or semi-closed circuit rebreather scuba systems allow recycling of exhaled gases.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ The volume of gas used is reduced compared to that of open circuit, so a smaller cylinder or cylinders may be used for an equivalent dive duration.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Rebreathers extend the time spent underwater compared to open circuit for the same gas consumption, they produce fewer bubbles and less noise than scuba which makes them attractive to covert military divers to avoid detection, scientific divers to avoid disturbing marine animals, and media divers to avoid bubble interference.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ A scuba set is any breathing apparatus that is carried entirely by an underwater diver and provides the diver with breathing gas at the ambient pressure.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ (Scuba is an anacronym for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.)", "Scuba set __knowledge__ Although strictly speaking the scuba set is only the diving equipment which is required for providing breathing gas to the diver, general usage includes the harness by which it is carried, and those accessories which are integral parts of the harness and breathing apparatus assembly, such as a jacket or wing style buoyancy compensator and instruments mounted in a combined housing with the pressure gauge, and in the looser sense it has been used to refer to any diving equipment used by the scuba diver, though this would more commonly and accurately be termed scuba equipment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ A diving regulator is a pressure regulator that reduces pressurized breathing gas to ambient pressure and delivers it to the diver.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ The gas may be air or one of a variety of specially blended breathing gases.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ The gas may be supplied from a scuba cylinder carried by the diver or via a hose from a compressor or high pressure storage cylinders at the surface in surface-supplied diving.", "Diving regulator __knowledge__ A gas pressure regulator has one or more valves in series which reduce pressure from the source, and use the downstream pressure as feedback to control the rate of flow and thereby the delivered pressure, lowering the pressure at each stage.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The safety of underwater diving depends on four factors: the environment, the equipment, behaviour of the individual diver and performance of the dive team.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The underwater environment can impose severe physical and psychological stress on a diver, and is mostly beyond the diver's control.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Equipment is used to operate underwater for anything beyond very short periods, and the reliable function of some of the equipment is critical to even short term survival.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Other equipment allows the diver to operate in relative comfort and efficiency.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The performance of the individual diver depends on learned skills, many of which are not intuitive, and the performance of the team depends on communication and common goals.", "Recreational diving __knowledge__ Recreational diving or sport diving is diving for the purpose of leisure and enjoyment, usually when using scuba equipment.", "Recreational diving __knowledge__ The term \"recreational diving\" may also be used in contradistinction to \"technical diving\", a more demanding aspect of recreational diving which requires greater levels of training, experience and equipment to compensate for the more hazardous conditions associated with the disciplines.", "Recreational diving __knowledge__ Breath-hold diving for recreation also fits into the broader scope of the term, but this article covers the commonly used meaning of \"scuba diving for recreational purposes, where the diver is not constrained from making a direct near-vertical ascent to the surface at any point during the dive\".", "Surface-supplied diving __knowledge__ Surface-supplied diving is diving using equipment supplied with breathing gas using a diver's umbilical from the surface, either from the shore or from a diving support vessel, sometimes indirectly via a diving bell.", "Surface-supplied diving __knowledge__ This is different from scuba diving, where the diver's breathing equipment is completely self-contained and there is no link to the surface.", "Surface-supplied diving __knowledge__ The primary advantages of conventional surface supplied diving are lower risk of drowning and considerably larger breathing gas supply than scuba, allowing longer working periods and safer decompression.", "Surface-supplied diving __knowledge__ The copper helmeted free-flow standard diving dress is the version which made commercial diving a viable occupation, and although still used in some regions, this heavy equipment has been superseded by lighter free-flow helmets, and to a large extent, lightweight demand helmets, band masks and full-face diving masks.", "History of underwater diving __knowledge__ The history of underwater diving starts with freediving as a widespread means of hunting and gathering, both for food and other valuable resources such as pearls and coral, By classical Greek and Roman times commercial applications such as sponge diving and marine salvage were established, Military diving also has a long history, going back at least as far as the Peloponnesian War, with recreational and sporting applications being a recent development.", "History of underwater diving __knowledge__ Technological development in ambient pressure diving started with stone weights (skandalopetra) for fast descent.", "History of underwater diving __knowledge__ In the 16th and 17th centuries diving bells became functionally useful when a renewable supply of air could be provided to the diver at depth, and progressed to surface supplied diving helmets - in effect miniature diving bells covering the diver's head and supplied with compressed air by manually operated pumps - which were improved by attaching a waterproof suit to the helmet and in the early 19th century became the standard diving dress.", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Scuba skills are the skills required to dive safely using self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, (scuba).", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Most of these skills are relevant to both open circuit and rebreather scuba, and many are also relevant to surface-supplied diving.", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Those skills which are critical to the safety of the diver may require more practice than is usually provided during training to achieve reliable long-term proficiency Some of the skills are generally accepted by recreational diver certification agencies as necessary for any scuba diver to be considered competent to dive without direct supervision, and others are more advanced, though some diver certification and accreditation organizations may consider some of these to also be essential for minimum acceptable entry level competence.", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ Physiology of underwater diving is the physiological influences of the underwater environment on the physiology of air-breathing animals, and the adaptations to operating underwater, both during breath-hold dives and while breathing at ambient pressure from a suitable breathing gas supply.", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ It, therefore, includes both the physiology of breath-hold diving in humans and other air-breathing animals, and the range of physiological effects generally limited to human ambient pressure divers either freediving or using underwater breathing apparatus.", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ Several factors influence the diver, including immersion, exposure to the water, the limitations of breath-hold endurance, variations in ambient pressure, the effects of breathing gases at raised ambient pressure, effects caused by the use of breathing apparatus, and sensory impairment." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba diving is a form of underwater diving where the diver uses a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba) which is completely independent of surface supply, to breathe underwater.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Scuba divers carry their own source of breathing gas, usually compressed air, allowing them greater independence and freedom of movement than surface-supplied divers, and longer underwater endurance than breath-hold divers.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Open circuit scuba systems discharge the breathing gas into the environment as it is exhaled, and consist of one or more diving cylinders containing breathing gas at high pressure which is supplied to the diver through a regulator.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ They may include additional cylinders for decompression gas or emergency breathing gas.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Closed-circuit or semi-closed circuit rebreather scuba systems allow recycling of exhaled gases.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ The volume of gas used is reduced compared to that of open circuit, so a smaller cylinder or cylinders may be used for an equivalent dive duration.", "Scuba diving __knowledge__ Rebreathers extend the time spent underwater compared to open circuit for the same gas consumption, they produce fewer bubbles and less noise than scuba which makes them attractive to covert military divers to avoid detection, scientific divers to avoid disturbing marine animals, and media divers to avoid bubble interference.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ A scuba set is any breathing apparatus that is carried entirely by an underwater diver and provides the diver with breathing gas at the ambient pressure.", "Scuba set __knowledge__ (Scuba is an anacronym for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.)", "Scuba set __knowledge__ Although strictly speaking the scuba set is only the diving equipment which is required for providing breathing gas to the diver, general usage includes the harness by which it is carried, and those accessories which are integral parts of the harness and breathing apparatus assembly, such as a jacket or wing style buoyancy compensator and instruments mounted in a combined housing with the pressure gauge, and in the looser sense it has been used to refer to any diving equipment used by the scuba diver, though this would more commonly and accurately be termed scuba equipment.", "Diving in the Maldives __knowledge__ The Maldives has become one of the world's best scuba diving destinations because of the white sand beaches, coral reefs, clear warm waters, numerous scuba diving sites and rich marine life.", "Diving in the Maldives __knowledge__ Most holiday resorts in the Maldives have a scuba diving facility and there are a number of liveaboard operators offering scuba diving cruise holidays that take guests to many dive sites all over the Maldives.", "Diving in the Maldives __knowledge__ Many scuba divers are keen to dive in the Maldives because of the presence of whale sharks, manta rays, eagle rays, reef sharks, hammerhead sharks and moray eels, as well as many smaller fish and coral species.", "Introductory diving __knowledge__ Introductory diving, also known as trial diving and resort diving are dives where people without diver training or certification can experience scuba diving under the guidance of a recreational diving instructor.", "Introductory diving __knowledge__ Introductory diving is an opportunity for interested people to find out by practical experience if they would be interested in greater involvement in scuba diving.", "Introductory diving __knowledge__ For scuba instructors and diving schools is it an opportunity to acquire new customers.", "Introductory diving __knowledge__ An introductory diving experience is much less time-consuming and costly than the completion of autonomous diver training, but has little lasting value, as it is an experience program only, for which no certification is issued.", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Scuba skills are the skills required to dive safely using self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, (scuba).", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Most of these skills are relevant to both open circuit and rebreather scuba, and many are also relevant to surface-supplied diving.", "Scuba skills __knowledge__ Those skills which are critical to the safety of the diver may require more practice than is usually provided during training to achieve reliable long-term proficiency Some of the skills are generally accepted by recreational diver certification agencies as necessary for any scuba diver to be considered competent to dive without direct supervision, and others are more advanced, though some diver certification and accreditation organizations may consider some of these to also be essential for minimum acceptable entry level competence.", "Recreational diving __knowledge__ Recreational diving or sport diving is diving for the purpose of leisure and enjoyment, usually when using scuba equipment.", "Recreational diving __knowledge__ The term \"recreational diving\" may also be used in contradistinction to \"technical diving\", a more demanding aspect of recreational diving which requires greater levels of training, experience and equipment to compensate for the more hazardous conditions associated with the disciplines.", "Recreational diving __knowledge__ Breath-hold diving for recreation also fits into the broader scope of the term, but this article covers the commonly used meaning of \"scuba diving for recreational purposes, where the diver is not constrained from making a direct near-vertical ascent to the surface at any point during the dive\".", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ A diving cylinder, scuba tank or diving tank is a gas cylinder used to store and transport the high pressure breathing gas required by a scuba set.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ It may also be used for surface-supplied diving or as decompression gas or an emergency gas supply for surface supplied diving or scuba.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ Cylinders provide gas to the diver through the demand valve of a diving regulator or the breathing loop of a diving rebreather.", "Diving cylinder __knowledge__ Diving cylinders are usually manufactured from aluminium or steel alloys, and are normally fitted with one of two common types of cylinder valve for filling and connection to the regulator.", "History of underwater diving __knowledge__ The history of underwater diving starts with freediving as a widespread means of hunting and gathering, both for food and other valuable resources such as pearls and coral, By classical Greek and Roman times commercial applications such as sponge diving and marine salvage were established, Military diving also has a long history, going back at least as far as the Peloponnesian War, with recreational and sporting applications being a recent development.", "History of underwater diving __knowledge__ Technological development in ambient pressure diving started with stone weights (skandalopetra) for fast descent.", "History of underwater diving __knowledge__ In the 16th and 17th centuries diving bells became functionally useful when a renewable supply of air could be provided to the diver at depth, and progressed to surface supplied diving helmets - in effect miniature diving bells covering the diver's head and supplied with compressed air by manually operated pumps - which were improved by attaching a waterproof suit to the helmet and in the early 19th century became the standard diving dress.", "Aqua-lung __knowledge__ Aqua-Lung was the original English name of the first open-circuit, self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (or \"SCUBA\") to reach worldwide popularity and commercial success.", "Aqua-lung __knowledge__ This class of equipment is now commonly referred to as a diving regulator or demand valve.", "Aqua-lung __knowledge__ The Aqua-Lung was invented in Paris during the winter of 1942–1943 by two Frenchmen: the engineer Émile Gagnan and Naval Lieutenant (\"lieutenant de vaisseau\") Jacques Cousteau.", "Aqua-lung __knowledge__ It allowed Cousteau and Gagnan to film and explore more easily underwater.", "Aqua-lung __knowledge__ An earlier underwater breathing regulator, known as the \"régulateur,\" was invented in France in 1860 by Benoît Rouquayrol.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Underwater diving, as a human activity, is the practice of descending below the water's surface to interact with the environment.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Immersion in water and exposure to high ambient pressure have physiological effects that limit the depths and duration possible in ambient pressure diving.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ Humans are not physiologically and anatomically well adapted to the environmental conditions of diving, and various equipment has been developed to extend the depth and duration of human dives, and allow different types of work to be done.", "Underwater diving __knowledge__ In ambient pressure diving, the diver is directly exposed to the pressure of the surrounding water.", "Self-contained breathing apparatus __knowledge__ A self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) sometimes referred to as a compressed air breathing apparatus (CABA), or simply breathing apparatus (BA), is a device worn by rescue workers, firefighters, and others to provide breathable air in an \"immediately dangerous to life or health\" atmosphere (IDLH).", "Self-contained breathing apparatus __knowledge__ When not used underwater, they are sometimes called industrial breathing sets.", "Self-contained breathing apparatus __knowledge__ The term \"self-contained\" means that the breathing set is not dependent on a remote supply (e.g., through a long hose).", "Self-contained breathing apparatus __knowledge__ If designed for use under water, it is called SCUBA (\"self-contained underwater breathing apparatus\").", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ Physiology of underwater diving is the physiological influences of the underwater environment on the physiology of air-breathing animals, and the adaptations to operating underwater, both during breath-hold dives and while breathing at ambient pressure from a suitable breathing gas supply.", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ It, therefore, includes both the physiology of breath-hold diving in humans and other air-breathing animals, and the range of physiological effects generally limited to human ambient pressure divers either freediving or using underwater breathing apparatus.", "Physiology of underwater diving __knowledge__ Several factors influence the diver, including immersion, exposure to the water, the limitations of breath-hold endurance, variations in ambient pressure, the effects of breathing gases at raised ambient pressure, effects caused by the use of breathing apparatus, and sensory impairment." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 30 ]

[ "My wife and I like to go scuba diving. Breathing underwater and relying on the breathing apparatus makes me a bit nervous, but it's so worth it", "Yah the compressed air is the SCUBA (self contained underwater breathing apparatus). You have to take courses before you can do it safely", "Oh only recreationally. We go with guides. People have been diving underwater for ages, even in weird diving bells that trapped air from the surface in with you" ]

[ "Scuba diving", "Scuba diving", "Scuba diving" ]

[ "Author", "That's nice! Wow ,that takes a lot of dedication", "Why was Shakespeare's authorship questioned?", "When was the earliest book publication?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Author __knowledge__ An author is the creator or originator of any written work such as a book or play, and is thus also a writer.", "Author __knowledge__ More broadly defined, an author is \"the person who originated or gave existence to anything\" and whose authorship determines responsibility for what was created.", "Author __knowledge__ Typically, the first owner of a copyright is the person who created the work i.e.", "Author __knowledge__ the author.", "Author __knowledge__ If more than one person created the work, then a case of joint authorship can be made provided some criteria are met.", "Author __knowledge__ In the copyright laws of various jurisdictions, there is a necessity for little flexibility regarding what constitutes authorship.", "Author __knowledge__ The United States Copyright Office, for example, defines copyright as \"a form of protection provided by the laws of the United States (title 17, U.S. Code) to authors of \"original works of authorship\".", "Author __knowledge__ Holding the title of \"author\" over any \"literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, [or] certain other intellectual works\" gives rights to this person, the owner of the copyright, especially the exclusive right to engage in or authorize any production or distribution of their work.", "Author __knowledge__ Any person or entity wishing to use intellectual property held under copyright must receive permission from the copyright holder to use this work, and often will be asked to pay for the use of copyrighted material." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Author __knowledge__ An author is the creator or originator of any written work such as a book or play, and is thus also a writer.", "Author __knowledge__ More broadly defined, an author is \"the person who originated or gave existence to anything\" and whose authorship determines responsibility for what was created.", "Author __knowledge__ Typically, the first owner of a copyright is the person who created the work i.e.", "Author __knowledge__ the author.", "Author __knowledge__ If more than one person created the work, then a case of joint authorship can be made provided some criteria are met.", "Author __knowledge__ In the copyright laws of various jurisdictions, there is a necessity for little flexibility regarding what constitutes authorship.", "Author __knowledge__ The United States Copyright Office, for example, defines copyright as \"a form of protection provided by the laws of the United States (title 17, U.S. Code) to authors of \"original works of authorship\".", "Author __knowledge__ Holding the title of \"author\" over any \"literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, [or] certain other intellectual works\" gives rights to this person, the owner of the copyright, especially the exclusive right to engage in or authorize any production or distribution of their work.", "Author __knowledge__ Any person or entity wishing to use intellectual property held under copyright must receive permission from the copyright holder to use this work, and often will be asked to pay for the use of copyrighted material.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Wider Opportunities for Women __knowledge__ Wider Opportunities for Women (WOW) is a national nonprofit organization in the United States established in 1962 by Jane Fleming and Mary Janney in Washington, D.C.", "Wider Opportunities for Women __knowledge__ In its early days, WOW received much of its support from women in key government positions.", "Wider Opportunities for Women __knowledge__ Initial guidance and support were given to WOW by the President of Radcliffe College, Mary Bunting.", "Wider Opportunities for Women __knowledge__ The District of Columbia Department of Employment Services, led by Fred Hetzel, provided WOW with initial office space and supplies.", "Wider Opportunities for Women __knowledge__ In the late 1960s WOW created, produced, and sold 10,000 copies of a guidebook for women specializing in part-time work and education opportunities in the Washington Metro Area.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ WOW Cafe (Women's One World) is a feminist theater space in New York City.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ In the mid-1980s, WOW Cafe was central to the avant garde theatre and performance art scene in the East Village, New York City.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ Among the artists who have presented at the space are Lisa Kron, Holly Hughes, Deb Margolin, Dancenoise, Carmelita Tropicana, Eileen Myles, Split Britches, and The Five Lesbian Brothers.", "WOW Cafe __knowledge__ The WOW Cafe began when two of the founding members, Lois Weaver and Peggy Shaw were traveling Europe with performance troupes Spiderwoman Theater and Hot Peaches, and after seeing women’s theater festivals during their tour were inspired to establish one in America.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ The Shakespeare authorship question is the argument that someone other than William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon wrote the works attributed to him.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Anti-Stratfordians—a collective term for adherents of the various alternative-authorship theories—believe that Shakespeare of Stratford was a front to shield the identity of the real author or authors, who for some reason did not want or could not accept public credit.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Although the idea has attracted much public interest, all but a few Shakespeare scholars and literary historians consider it a fringe belief, and for the most part acknowledge it only to rebut or disparage the claims.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship contends that Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, wrote the plays and poems traditionally attributed to William Shakespeare.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Though most literary scholars reject all alternative authorship candidates, including Oxford, popular interest in the Oxfordian theory continues.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Since the 1920s, the Oxfordian theory has been the most popular alternative Shakespeare authorship theory.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The convergence of documentary evidence of the type used by academics for authorial attribution – title pages, testimony by other contemporary poets and historians, and official records – sufficiently establishes Shakespeare's authorship for the overwhelming majority of Shakespeare scholars and literary historians, and no evidence links Oxford to Shakespeare's works.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ The BBC Television Shakespeare is a series of British television adaptations of the plays of William Shakespeare, created by Cedric Messina and broadcast by BBC Television.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Transmitted in the UK from 3 December 1978 to 27 April 1985, the series spanned seven seasons and thirty-seven episodes.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Development began in 1975 when Messina saw that the grounds of Glamis Castle would make a perfect location for an adaptation of Shakespeare's \"As You Like It\" for the \"Play of the Month\" series.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Upon returning to London, however, he had come to envision an entire series devoted exclusively to the dramatic works of Shakespeare.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ Titus Andronicus is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1588 and 1593, probably in collaboration with George Peele.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It is thought to be Shakespeare's first tragedy, and is often seen as his attempt to emulate the violent and bloody revenge plays of his contemporaries, which were extremely popular with audiences throughout the 16th century.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ The play is set during the latter days of the Roman Empire and tells the fictional story of Titus, a general in the Roman army, who is engaged in a cycle of revenge with Tamora, Queen of the Goths.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It is Shakespeare's bloodiest and most violent work, and traditionally was one of his least respected plays; although it was extremely popular in its day, by the later 17th century it had fallen out of favour.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Author __knowledge__ An author is the creator or originator of any written work such as a book or play, and is thus also a writer.", "Author __knowledge__ More broadly defined, an author is \"the person who originated or gave existence to anything\" and whose authorship determines responsibility for what was created.", "Author __knowledge__ Typically, the first owner of a copyright is the person who created the work i.e.", "Author __knowledge__ the author.", "Author __knowledge__ If more than one person created the work, then a case of joint authorship can be made provided some criteria are met.", "Author __knowledge__ In the copyright laws of various jurisdictions, there is a necessity for little flexibility regarding what constitutes authorship.", "Author __knowledge__ The United States Copyright Office, for example, defines copyright as \"a form of protection provided by the laws of the United States (title 17, U.S. Code) to authors of \"original works of authorship\".", "Author __knowledge__ Holding the title of \"author\" over any \"literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, [or] certain other intellectual works\" gives rights to this person, the owner of the copyright, especially the exclusive right to engage in or authorize any production or distribution of their work.", "Author __knowledge__ Any person or entity wishing to use intellectual property held under copyright must receive permission from the copyright holder to use this work, and often will be asked to pay for the use of copyrighted material.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ The Shakespeare authorship question is the argument that someone other than William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon wrote the works attributed to him.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Anti-Stratfordians—a collective term for adherents of the various alternative-authorship theories—believe that Shakespeare of Stratford was a front to shield the identity of the real author or authors, who for some reason did not want or could not accept public credit.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Although the idea has attracted much public interest, all but a few Shakespeare scholars and literary historians consider it a fringe belief, and for the most part acknowledge it only to rebut or disparage the claims.", "Authorship of Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ The authorship of \"Titus Andronicus\" has been debated since the late 17th century.", "Authorship of Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ \"Titus Andronicus\", probably written between 1588 and 1593, appeared in three quarto editions from 1594 to 1601 with no named author.", "Authorship of Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It was first published under William Shakespeare's name in the 1623 First Folio of his plays.", "Authorship of Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ However, as with some of his early and late plays, scholars have long surmised that Shakespeare might have collaborated with another playwright.", "Authorship of Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ Other plays have also been examined for evidence of co-authorship, but none has been as closely scrutinised or as consistently questioned than \"Titus\".", "History of the Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ \"Note: In compliance with the accepted terminology used within the Shakespeare authorship question, this article uses the term \"Stratfordian\" to refer to the position that William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon was the primary author of the plays and poems traditionally attributed to him.", "History of the Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ The term \"anti-Stratfordian\" is used to refer to the theory that some other author, or authors, wrote the works.\"", "History of the Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Claims that someone other than William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon wrote the works traditionally attributed to him were first explicitly made in the 19th century.", "History of the Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Many scholars consider that there is no evidence of his authorship ever being questioned prior to then.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship contends that Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, wrote the plays and poems traditionally attributed to William Shakespeare.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Though most literary scholars reject all alternative authorship candidates, including Oxford, popular interest in the Oxfordian theory continues.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Since the 1920s, the Oxfordian theory has been the most popular alternative Shakespeare authorship theory.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The convergence of documentary evidence of the type used by academics for authorial attribution – title pages, testimony by other contemporary poets and historians, and official records – sufficiently establishes Shakespeare's authorship for the overwhelming majority of Shakespeare scholars and literary historians, and no evidence links Oxford to Shakespeare's works.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ Titus Andronicus is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1588 and 1593, probably in collaboration with George Peele.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It is thought to be Shakespeare's first tragedy, and is often seen as his attempt to emulate the violent and bloody revenge plays of his contemporaries, which were extremely popular with audiences throughout the 16th century.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ The play is set during the latter days of the Roman Empire and tells the fictional story of Titus, a general in the Roman army, who is engaged in a cycle of revenge with Tamora, Queen of the Goths.", "Titus Andronicus __knowledge__ It is Shakespeare's bloodiest and most violent work, and traditionally was one of his least respected plays; although it was extremely popular in its day, by the later 17th century it had fallen out of favour.", "Henry VI, Part 1 __knowledge__ Henry VI, Part 1, often referred to as 1 Henry VI, is a history play by William Shakespeare, possibly in collaboration with Christopher Marlowe and Thomas Nashe, believed to have been written in 1591 and set during the lifetime of King Henry VI of England.", "Henry VI, Part 1 __knowledge__ Whereas \"Henry VI, Part 2\" deals with the King's inability to quell the bickering of his nobles, and the inevitability of armed conflict, and \"Henry VI, Part 3\" deals with the horrors of that conflict, \"Henry VI, Part 1\" deals with the and the political machinations leading up to the Wars of the Roses, as the English political system is torn apart by personal squabbles and petty jealousy.", "Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The Baconian theory of Shakespearean authorship holds that Sir Francis Bacon, philosopher, essayist and scientist, wrote the plays which were publicly attributed to William Shakespeare.", "Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Various explanations are offered for this alleged subterfuge, most commonly that Bacon's rise to high office might have been hindered were it to become known that he wrote plays for the public stage.", "Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Thus the plays were credited to Shakespeare, who was merely a front to shield the identity of Bacon.", "Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Bacon was the first alternative candidate suggested as the author of Shakespeare's plays.", "Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The theory was first put forth in the mid-nineteenth century, based on perceived correspondences between the philosophical ideas found in Bacon’s writings and the works of Shakespeare.", "Anonymous (film) __knowledge__ Anonymous is a 2011 political thriller film directed by Roland Emmerich and written by John Orloff.", "Anonymous (film) __knowledge__ The film is a version of the life of Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, an Elizabethan courtier, playwright, poet and patron of the arts, and suggests he was the actual author of William Shakespeare's plays.", "Anonymous (film) __knowledge__ It stars Rhys Ifans as de Vere and Vanessa Redgrave as Queen Elizabeth I of England.", "Anonymous (film) __knowledge__ The film premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 11, 2011.", "Anonymous (film) __knowledge__ Produced by Centropolis Entertainment and Studio Babelsberg and distributed by Columbia Pictures, \"Anonymous\" was released on October 28, 2011 in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom, expanding to theaters around the world in the following weeks.", "List of Shakespeare authorship candidates __knowledge__ Claims that someone other than William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon wrote the works traditionally attributed to him were first explicitly made in the 19th century, though supporters of the theory often argue that coded assertions of alternative authorship exist in texts dating back to Shakespeare's lifetime.", "List of Shakespeare authorship candidates __knowledge__ Typically, they say that the historical Shakespeare was merely a front to shield the identity of the real author or authors, who, for reasons such as social rank, state security, or gender, could not safely take public credit.", "List of Shakespeare authorship candidates __knowledge__ Although these claims have attracted much public interest, all but a few Shakespeare scholars and literary historians consider them to be fringe theories with no hard evidence, and for the most part disregard them except to rebut or disparage the claims.", "Marlovian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The Marlovian theory of Shakespeare authorship holds that the Elizabethan poet and playwright Christopher Marlowe was the main author of the poems and plays attributed to William Shakespeare.", "Marlovian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Rather, the theory says Marlowe did not die in Deptford on 30 May 1593, as the historical records state, but that his death was faked.", "Marlovian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Marlovians (as those who subscribe to the theory are usually called) base their argument on supposed anomalies surrounding Marlowe's reported death and on the significant influence which, according to most scholars, Marlowe's works had on those of Shakespeare.", "Marlovian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ They also point out the coincidence that, despite their having been born only two months apart, the first time the name William Shakespeare is known to have been connected with any literary work whatsoever was with the publication of \"Venus and Adonis\" just a week or two after the apparent death of Marlowe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Author __knowledge__ An author is the creator or originator of any written work such as a book or play, and is thus also a writer.", "Author __knowledge__ More broadly defined, an author is \"the person who originated or gave existence to anything\" and whose authorship determines responsibility for what was created.", "Author __knowledge__ Typically, the first owner of a copyright is the person who created the work i.e.", "Author __knowledge__ the author.", "Author __knowledge__ If more than one person created the work, then a case of joint authorship can be made provided some criteria are met.", "Author __knowledge__ In the copyright laws of various jurisdictions, there is a necessity for little flexibility regarding what constitutes authorship.", "Author __knowledge__ The United States Copyright Office, for example, defines copyright as \"a form of protection provided by the laws of the United States (title 17, U.S. Code) to authors of \"original works of authorship\".", "Author __knowledge__ Holding the title of \"author\" over any \"literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, [or] certain other intellectual works\" gives rights to this person, the owner of the copyright, especially the exclusive right to engage in or authorize any production or distribution of their work.", "Author __knowledge__ Any person or entity wishing to use intellectual property held under copyright must receive permission from the copyright holder to use this work, and often will be asked to pay for the use of copyrighted material.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ Blueberry is Western comic series created in the Franco-Belgian \"bandes dessinées\" (BD) tradition by the Belgian scriptwriter Jean-Michel Charlier and French comics artist Jean \"Mœbius\" Giraud.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ It chronicles the adventures of Mike Blueberry on his travels through the American Old West.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ Blueberry is an atypical western hero; he is not a wandering lawman who brings evil-doers to justice, nor a handsome cowboy who \"rides into town, saves the ranch, becomes the new sheriff and marries the schoolmarm.\"", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ In any situation, he sees what he thinks needs doing, and he does it.", "Blueberry (comics) __knowledge__ The series spawned out of the 1963 \"Fort Navajo\" comics series, originally intended as an ensemble narrative, but which quickly gravitated around the breakout character \"Blueberry\" as the main and central character after the first two stories, causing the series to continue under his name later on.", "Jean Giraud __knowledge__ Jean Henri Gaston Giraud (; 8 May 1938 – 10 March 2012) was a French artist, cartoonist and writer who worked in the Franco-Belgian \"bandes dessinées\" (BD) tradition.", "Jean Giraud __knowledge__ Giraud garnered worldwide acclaim predominantly under the pseudonym Mœbius (; ) and to a lesser extent Gir (), which he used for the \"Blueberry\" series and his Western themed paintings.", "Jean Giraud __knowledge__ Esteemed by Federico Fellini, Stan Lee and Hayao Miyazaki among others, he has been described as the most influential artist after Hergé.", "Jean Giraud __knowledge__ His most famous works include the series \"Blueberry\", created with writer Jean-Michel Charlier, featuring one of the first anti-heroes in Western comics.", "Talbot Mundy __knowledge__ Talbot Mundy (born William Lancaster Gribbon, 23 April 1879 – 5 August 1940) was an English-born American writer of adventure fiction.", "Talbot Mundy __knowledge__ Based for most of his life in the United States, he also wrote under the pseudonym of Walter Galt.", "Talbot Mundy __knowledge__ Best known as the author of \"King of the Khyber Rifles\" and the Jimgrim series, much of his work was published in pulp magazines.", "Talbot Mundy __knowledge__ Mundy was born to a conservative middle-class family in Hammersmith, London.", "Talbot Mundy __knowledge__ Educated at Rugby College, he left with no qualifications and moved to British India, where he worked in administration and then journalism.", "Talbot Mundy __knowledge__ He relocated to East Africa, where he worked as an ivory poacher and then as the town clerk of Kisumu.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "The Big Four (novel) __knowledge__ The Big Four is a work of detective fiction by Agatha Christie, first published in the UK by William Collins & Sons on 27 January 1927 and in the US by Dodd, Mead and Company later in the same year.", "The Big Four (novel) __knowledge__ It features Hercule Poirot, Arthur Hastings, and Inspector (later, Chief Inspector) Japp.", "The Big Four (novel) __knowledge__ The UK edition retailed at seven shillings and sixpence (7/6) and the US edition at $2.00.", "The Big Four (novel) __knowledge__ The structure of the novel is different from other Poirot stories, as it began from twelve short stories (eleven in the US) that had been separately published.", "The Big Four (novel) __knowledge__ This is a tale of international intrigue and espionage, therefore opening up the possibility of more spy fiction from Christie.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ Finnegans Wake is a work of avant-garde comic fiction by Irish writer James Joyce.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ It is significant for its experimental style and reputation as one of the most difficult works of fiction in the English language.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ Written in Paris over a period of seventeen years and published in 1939, two years before the author's death, \"Finnegans Wake\" was Joyce's final work.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ The entire book is written in a largely idiosyncratic language, which blends standard English lexical items and neologistic multilingual puns and portmanteau words to unique effect.", "Finnegans Wake __knowledge__ Many critics believe the technique was Joyce's attempt to recreate the experience of sleep and dreams.", "Archaeology and the Book of Mormon __knowledge__ Since the publication of the Book of Mormon in 1830, Mormon archaeologists have attempted to find archaeological evidence to support it.", "Archaeology and the Book of Mormon __knowledge__ Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and other denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement generally believe that the Book of Mormon describes ancient historical events in the Americas, but historians and archaeologists do not regard it as a work of ancient American history.", "Archaeology and the Book of Mormon __knowledge__ The Book of Mormon describes God's dealings with three civilizations in the Americas over the course of several hundred years.", "Archaeology and the Book of Mormon __knowledge__ The book primarily deals with the Nephites and the Lamanites, who it states existed in the Americas from about 600 BC to about AD 400.", "History of the Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ \"Note: In compliance with the accepted terminology used within the Shakespeare authorship question, this article uses the term \"Stratfordian\" to refer to the position that William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon was the primary author of the plays and poems traditionally attributed to him.", "History of the Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ The term \"anti-Stratfordian\" is used to refer to the theory that some other author, or authors, wrote the works.\"", "History of the Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Claims that someone other than William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon wrote the works traditionally attributed to him were first explicitly made in the 19th century.", "History of the Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Many scholars consider that there is no evidence of his authorship ever being questioned prior to then.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ The Shakespeare authorship question is the argument that someone other than William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon wrote the works attributed to him.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Anti-Stratfordians—a collective term for adherents of the various alternative-authorship theories—believe that Shakespeare of Stratford was a front to shield the identity of the real author or authors, who for some reason did not want or could not accept public credit.", "Shakespeare authorship question __knowledge__ Although the idea has attracted much public interest, all but a few Shakespeare scholars and literary historians consider it a fringe belief, and for the most part acknowledge it only to rebut or disparage the claims.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship contends that Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, wrote the plays and poems traditionally attributed to William Shakespeare.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Though most literary scholars reject all alternative authorship candidates, including Oxford, popular interest in the Oxfordian theory continues.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Since the 1920s, the Oxfordian theory has been the most popular alternative Shakespeare authorship theory.", "Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The convergence of documentary evidence of the type used by academics for authorial attribution – title pages, testimony by other contemporary poets and historians, and official records – sufficiently establishes Shakespeare's authorship for the overwhelming majority of Shakespeare scholars and literary historians, and no evidence links Oxford to Shakespeare's works.", "Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The Baconian theory of Shakespearean authorship holds that Sir Francis Bacon, philosopher, essayist and scientist, wrote the plays which were publicly attributed to William Shakespeare.", "Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Various explanations are offered for this alleged subterfuge, most commonly that Bacon's rise to high office might have been hindered were it to become known that he wrote plays for the public stage.", "Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Thus the plays were credited to Shakespeare, who was merely a front to shield the identity of Bacon.", "Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Bacon was the first alternative candidate suggested as the author of Shakespeare's plays.", "Baconian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The theory was first put forth in the mid-nineteenth century, based on perceived correspondences between the philosophical ideas found in Bacon’s writings and the works of Shakespeare.", "Marlovian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ The Marlovian theory of Shakespeare authorship holds that the Elizabethan poet and playwright Christopher Marlowe was the main author of the poems and plays attributed to William Shakespeare.", "Marlovian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Rather, the theory says Marlowe did not die in Deptford on 30 May 1593, as the historical records state, but that his death was faked.", "Marlovian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ Marlovians (as those who subscribe to the theory are usually called) base their argument on supposed anomalies surrounding Marlowe's reported death and on the significant influence which, according to most scholars, Marlowe's works had on those of Shakespeare.", "Marlovian theory of Shakespeare authorship __knowledge__ They also point out the coincidence that, despite their having been born only two months apart, the first time the name William Shakespeare is known to have been connected with any literary work whatsoever was with the publication of \"Venus and Adonis\" just a week or two after the apparent death of Marlowe.", "Stratford-upon-Avon __knowledge__ Stratford-upon-Avon () is a market town and civil parish in Warwickshire, England, on the River Avon, north west of London, south east of Birmingham, and south west of Warwick.", "Stratford-upon-Avon __knowledge__ The estimated population in 2007 was 25,505, increasing to 27,445 at the 2011 Census.", "Stratford-upon-Avon __knowledge__ Stratford was originally inhabited by Anglo-Saxons and remained a village before the lord of the manor, John of Coutances, set out plans to develop it into a town in 1196.", "Stratford-upon-Avon __knowledge__ In that same year, Stratford was granted a charter from King Richard I to hold a weekly market in the town, giving it its status as a market town.", "Stratford-upon-Avon __knowledge__ As a result, Stratford experienced an increase in trade and commerce as well as urban expansion.", "William Shakespeare __knowledge__ William Shakespeare (; 26 April 1564 (baptised) – 23 April 1616) was an English poet, playwright and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist.", "William Shakespeare __knowledge__ He is often called England's national poet and the \"Bard of Avon\".", "William Shakespeare __knowledge__ His extant works, including collaborations, consist of approximately 39 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems and a few other verses, some of uncertain authorship.", "William Shakespeare __knowledge__ His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.", "William Shakespeare __knowledge__ Shakespeare was born and brought up in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire." ] ]

[ 1, 46, 18, 9 ]

[ "I want to be the next Shakespeare.author is the creator or originator of any written work such as a book or play, and is thus also a writer. ", "Shakespeare authorship question is the argument that someone other than William Shakespeare ", "It bothers on article uses the term \"Stratfordian\" to refer to the position that William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon was the primary author of the plays and poems traditionally attributed ", "Not so sure! To publish a book, one needs .be asked to pay for the use of copyrighted material." ]

[ "Author", "Author", "Author", "Author" ]

[ "Goodfellas", "I dont think ive ever seen it but I would love too, what is it about? ", "Oh so its a mob movie? I like those. Who plays in the movie? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ Goodfellas (stylized as GoodFellas) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book \"Wiseguy\" by Nicholas Pileggi, who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends and family over a period from 1955 to 1980.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ Scorsese initially named the film \"Wise Guy\" and postponed making it; later, he and Pileggi changed the name to \"Goodfellas\".", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ To prepare for their roles in the film, Robert De Niro, Joe Pesci, and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi, who shared research material left over from writing the book.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ According to Pesci, improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ The director made transcripts of these sessions, took the lines he liked best, and put them into a revised script, which the cast worked from during principal photography.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ Made on a budget of $25 million, \"Goodfellas\" grossed $46.8 million.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director, with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts, including Best Film and Best Director." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ Goodfellas (stylized as GoodFellas) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book \"Wiseguy\" by Nicholas Pileggi, who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends and family over a period from 1955 to 1980.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ Scorsese initially named the film \"Wise Guy\" and postponed making it; later, he and Pileggi changed the name to \"Goodfellas\".", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ To prepare for their roles in the film, Robert De Niro, Joe Pesci, and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi, who shared research material left over from writing the book.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ According to Pesci, improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ The director made transcripts of these sessions, took the lines he liked best, and put them into a revised script, which the cast worked from during principal photography.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ Made on a budget of $25 million, \"Goodfellas\" grossed $46.8 million.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director, with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts, including Best Film and Best Director.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American funk rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ The group's musical style primarily consists of rock with an emphasis on funk, as well as elements from other genres such as punk rock and psychedelic rock.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ When played live, their music incorporates elements of jam band due to the improvised nature of many of their performances.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Currently, the band consists of founding members vocalist/rhythm guitarist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea, longtime drummer Chad Smith, and former touring guitarist Josh Klinghoffer.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time with over 80 million records sold worldwide, have been nominated for sixteen Grammy Awards, of which they have won six, and are the most successful band in alternative rock radio history, currently holding the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The Institute of the Incarnate Word (IVE) () is a Roman Catholic religious institute founded in Argentina by Fr.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ Carlos Miguel Buela on March 25, 1984.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The Institute is a \"Clerical Institute\" of Consecrated Life of Diocesan Right which includes both priests and religious brothers of either apostolic or contemplative life.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The Institute is the male branch of the Religious Family of the Incarnate Word: a union of religious institutes founded by Fr.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ Buela.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The other two branches are the female religious community known as the Servants of the Lord and the Virgin of Matará (SSVM) and the Secular Third Order.", "St Ive __knowledge__ St Ive ( ; ) is a village and civil parish in eastern Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The village is split into four parts: St Ive Church End, St Ive Cross, St Ive Keason and St Ive Parkfield.", "St Ive __knowledge__ In addition to the Parish an electoral ward exists stretching north of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The population at the 2011 census was 4,246.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The parish used to be a large rural area of rolling landscape with wooded valleys and the population was sparse with the largest village being St Ive itself, sited on the A390.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The hamlet of Woolston lies to the northwest of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The demography of the parish was radically altered with the mid-Victorian mining boom centred on Caradon Hill.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Martin Charles Scorsese (; born November 17, 1942) is an American director, producer, screenwriter, and film historian, whose career spans more than 50 years.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Scorsese's body of work addresses such themes as Sicilian-American identity, Roman Catholic concepts of guilt and redemption, faith, machismo, modern crime, and gang conflict.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Many of his films are also known for their depiction of violence and liberal use of profanity.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Part of the New Hollywood wave of filmmaking, he is widely regarded as one of the most significant and influential filmmakers in cinematic history.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ In 1990, he founded The Film Foundation, a nonprofit organization dedicated to film preservation, and in 2007 he founded the World Cinema Foundation.", "Kill the Irishman __knowledge__ Kill the Irishman (alternatively known as Bulletproof Gangster) is a 2011 American biographical crime film directed by Jonathan Hensleigh, and starring Ray Stevenson, Vincent D'Onofrio, Christopher Walken, and Val Kilmer.", "Kill the Irishman __knowledge__ Written by Hensleigh (along with Jeremy Walters), it is based on the life of Irish-American gangster Danny Greene, and was adapted from the book \"To Kill the Irishman: The War That Crippled the Mafia\" by Rick Porrello.", "Kill the Irishman __knowledge__ Before entering production, \"Kill the Irishman\" had a troubled development stage that lasted over a decade.", "Kill the Irishman __knowledge__ Production commenced in 2009, with filming taking place in and around Detroit.", "Thomas DeSimone __knowledge__ Thomas Anthony DeSimone (May 24, 1950 – disappeared January 14, 1979), also known as Two-Gun Tommy, Animal or Tommy D, was a Sicilian-American gangster and associate of the Lucchese crime family in New York City, one of the Five Families of the American Mafia.", "Thomas DeSimone __knowledge__ DeSimone was a grandson and nephew of Los Angeles mob bosses Rosario and Frank DeSimone, respectively.", "Thomas DeSimone __knowledge__ He was married to Angelica \"Cookie\" Spione, but had many mistresses, including Theresa Ferrara.", "Thomas DeSimone __knowledge__ He is best known as the basis for Joe Pesci's character Tommy DeVito in Martin Scorsese's 1990 film \"Goodfellas\".", "Thomas DeSimone __knowledge__ Tommy DeSimone had two sisters, Dolores and Phyllis, and two brothers, Robert and Anthony.", "Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen __knowledge__ Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen is a 2009 American science fiction action film directed by Michael Bay and executive produced by Steven Spielberg, based on the \"Transformers\" toy line created by Hasbro.", "Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen __knowledge__ It is the sequel to 2007's \"Transformers\", as well as the second installment in the live-action \"Transformers\" film series.", "Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen __knowledge__ Taking place two years after its predecessor, the plot revolves around Sam Witwicky, who is caught in the war between two factions of alien robots, the Autobots, led by Optimus Prime and the Decepticons, led by Megatron.", "Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen __knowledge__ Sam is having strange visions of Cybertronian symbols, and being hunted by the Decepticons under the orders of an ancient Decepticon named The Fallen, who seeks to get revenge on Earth by finding and activating a machine that would provide the Decepticons with an energon source, destroying the Sun and all life on Earth in the process.", "Savages (2012 film) __knowledge__ Savages is a 2012 American crime thriller film directed by Oliver Stone.", "Savages (2012 film) __knowledge__ It is based on Don Winslow's novel of the same name.", "Savages (2012 film) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Shane Salerno, Stone, and Winslow.", "Savages (2012 film) __knowledge__ The film was released on July 6, 2012 to mixed reviews, and stars Taylor Kitsch, Blake Lively, Aaron Taylor-Johnson, Demián Bichir, Benicio del Toro, Salma Hayek, John Travolta and Emile Hirsch.", "Savages (2012 film) __knowledge__ Best friends Chon (Taylor Kitsch) and Ben (Aaron Taylor-Johnson) are marijuana growers in Laguna Beach, California.", "Savages (2012 film) __knowledge__ Chon, a former Navy SEAL, smuggled the seeds for the plants out of Afghanistan.", "Savages (2012 film) __knowledge__ Ben, a University of California, Berkeley graduate in business and botany, cultivates the marijuana.", "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2014 film) __knowledge__ Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles is a 2014 American superhero film based on the Mirage Studios characters of the same name.", "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2014 film) __knowledge__ It is the fifth film in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" film series, and is also a reboot that features the main characters portrayed by a new cast, as the first in the reboot series.", "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2014 film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Jonathan Liebesman, written by Josh Appelbaum, André Nemec and Evan Daugherty, and stars Megan Fox, Will Arnett, William Fichtner and Whoopi Goldberg, and featuring the voices of Johnny Knoxville, Alan Ritchson, Noel Fisher, Jeremy Howard and Tony Shalhoub.", "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2014 film) __knowledge__ The film was announced shortly before \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" co-creator Peter Laird sold the rights to the characters to Nickelodeon in October 2009." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ Goodfellas (stylized as GoodFellas) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book \"Wiseguy\" by Nicholas Pileggi, who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends and family over a period from 1955 to 1980.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ Scorsese initially named the film \"Wise Guy\" and postponed making it; later, he and Pileggi changed the name to \"Goodfellas\".", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ To prepare for their roles in the film, Robert De Niro, Joe Pesci, and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi, who shared research material left over from writing the book.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ According to Pesci, improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ The director made transcripts of these sessions, took the lines he liked best, and put them into a revised script, which the cast worked from during principal photography.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ Made on a budget of $25 million, \"Goodfellas\" grossed $46.8 million.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director, with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role.", "Goodfellas __knowledge__ The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts, including Best Film and Best Director.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Road to Perdition __knowledge__ Road to Perdition is a 2002 American crime film directed by Sam Mendes.", "Road to Perdition __knowledge__ The screenplay was adapted by David Self from the graphic novel of the same name by Max Allan Collins.", "Road to Perdition __knowledge__ The film stars Tom Hanks, Paul Newman, Jude Law, and Daniel Craig.", "Road to Perdition __knowledge__ The plot takes place in 1931, during the Great Depression, following a mob enforcer and his son as they seek vengeance against a mobster who murdered the rest of their family.", "Road to Perdition __knowledge__ Filming took place in the Chicago area.", "Road to Perdition __knowledge__ Mendes, having recently finished 1999's acclaimed \"American Beauty\", pursued a story that had minimal dialogue and conveyed emotion in the imagery.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Martin Charles Scorsese (; born November 17, 1942) is an American director, producer, screenwriter, and film historian, whose career spans more than 50 years.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Scorsese's body of work addresses such themes as Sicilian-American identity, Roman Catholic concepts of guilt and redemption, faith, machismo, modern crime, and gang conflict.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Many of his films are also known for their depiction of violence and liberal use of profanity.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ Part of the New Hollywood wave of filmmaking, he is widely regarded as one of the most significant and influential filmmakers in cinematic history.", "Martin Scorsese __knowledge__ In 1990, he founded The Film Foundation, a nonprofit organization dedicated to film preservation, and in 2007 he founded the World Cinema Foundation.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Mob Attraction Las Vegas __knowledge__ Las Vegas Mob Experience was located at the Tropicana on the Las Vegas Strip.", "Mob Attraction Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Mob Experience was a interactive tour that chronicled the rise and fall of the Mafia in the Las Vegas Valley, mixing entertainment with history, storytelling, artifacts and technology.", "Mob Attraction Las Vegas __knowledge__ Visitors take a journeyed through the world of organized crime, interacting with live character actors and 3D holograms of famous mob movie icons and celebrity gangsters such as James Caan, Frank Vincent, Tony Sirico and Mickey Rourke.", "Mob Attraction Las Vegas __knowledge__ The Las Vegas Mob Experience also housed a museum that features original photos, videos, letters the personal belongings of famous gangsters such as, Benjamin \"Bugsy\" Siegel, Meyer Lansky, Sam Giancana, Tony Spilotro, Mickey Cohen, Charles \"Lucky\" Luciano and Joey Aiuppa.", "Henry Hill __knowledge__ Henry Hill, Jr. (June 11, 1943 – June 12, 2012) was an American mobster.", "Henry Hill __knowledge__ Between 1955 and 1980, Hill was associated with the Lucchese crime family.", "Henry Hill __knowledge__ In 1980, Hill became an FBI informant, and his testimony helped secure 50 convictions, including those of mob capo (captain) Paul Vario and James Burke on multiple charges.", "Henry Hill __knowledge__ Hill's life story was documented in the true crime book \"Wiseguy: Life in a Mafia Family\" by Nicholas Pileggi.", "Henry Hill __knowledge__ \"Wiseguy\" was subsequently adapted by Martin Scorsese into the critically acclaimed film \"Goodfellas\", in which Hill was portrayed by Ray Liotta.", "Henry Hill __knowledge__ Henry Hill, Jr. was born on June 11, 1943, to Henry Hill, Sr., an immigrant Irish-American electrician, and Carmela Costa Hill, a Sicilian-American.", "Thomas DeSimone __knowledge__ Thomas Anthony DeSimone (May 24, 1950 – disappeared January 14, 1979), also known as Two-Gun Tommy, Animal or Tommy D, was a Sicilian-American gangster and associate of the Lucchese crime family in New York City, one of the Five Families of the American Mafia.", "Thomas DeSimone __knowledge__ DeSimone was a grandson and nephew of Los Angeles mob bosses Rosario and Frank DeSimone, respectively.", "Thomas DeSimone __knowledge__ He was married to Angelica \"Cookie\" Spione, but had many mistresses, including Theresa Ferrara.", "Thomas DeSimone __knowledge__ He is best known as the basis for Joe Pesci's character Tommy DeVito in Martin Scorsese's 1990 film \"Goodfellas\".", "Thomas DeSimone __knowledge__ Tommy DeSimone had two sisters, Dolores and Phyllis, and two brothers, Robert and Anthony.", "James Burke (gangster) __knowledge__ James Burke (born James Conway), also known as Jimmy the Gent, and The Irishman (July 5, 1931 – April 13, 1996), was an American gangster and Lucchese crime family associate who is believed to have organized the 1978 Lufthansa heist, at the time the most lucrative cash theft in American history, and also believed to have either committed or ordered the murders of many of those involved in the months succeeding.", "James Burke (gangster) __knowledge__ He is the father of mobster and Lufthansa heist suspect, Frank James Burke, as well as Jesse James Burke, Catherine Burke (who married Bonanno crime family member Anthony Indelicato in 1992), and another daughter, Robin Burke.", "Made man __knowledge__ In the American Mafia, a made man is a fully initiated member of the Mafia.", "Made man __knowledge__ To become \"made\", an associate first has to be sponsored by another made man.", "Made man __knowledge__ An inductee will be required to take the oath of Omertà, the mafia code of silence.", "Made man __knowledge__ After the induction ceremony the associate becomes a \"made man\", and holds the rank of soldier (Italian: soldato) in the Mafia hierarchy.", "Made man __knowledge__ Other common names for members include \"\"man of honor\"\" (), \"\"one of us\"\", \"\"friend of ours\"\", \"\"good fella\"\", and \"\"wiseguy\"\"; although the last two can also apply to non-initiated Mafia associates who work closely with the Mafia, rather than just official \"made men\".", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The DiMeo crime family, later referred to as the Soprano crime family, is a fictional Mafia family from the HBO series \"The Sopranos.\"", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ It is thought to be loosely based on the DeCavalcante crime family, a real New Jersey Mafia family.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The DiMeo crime family consists of an administration and six crews.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from \"The Sopranos\" that are associated with the DiMeo crime family.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ In the series, the DiMeo crime family is believed to have been formed in Northern New Jersey in the 1950s.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ Ercole DiMeo is believed to have been the first official boss, although according to the book, \"The Sopranos Family History\" by Allen Rucker and David Chase, there was an earlier boss named Alfano, but he is never mentioned in the series.", "Wiseguy (book) __knowledge__ Wiseguy: Life in a Mafia Family () is a 1986 non-fiction book by crime reporter Nicholas Pileggi that chronicles the story of Mafia mobster-turned-informant Henry Hill.", "Wiseguy (book) __knowledge__ The book is the basis for the 1990 Academy Award-winning film \"Goodfellas\" directed by Martin Scorsese.", "Wiseguy (book) __knowledge__ Henry Hill began his life of crime at age 11 in 1955, by working as a go-fer for Paul Vario, the local boss of Hill's working class Irish/Italian neighborhood.", "Wiseguy (book) __knowledge__ Eventually Hill was \"promoted\" to selling stolen cigarettes for Vario.", "Wiseguy (book) __knowledge__ Hill was first arrested in 1959, for using stolen credit cards.", "Wiseguy (book) __knowledge__ Hill refused to cooperate with the police, earning the respect of Vario and Vario's associate Jimmy Burke." ] ]

[ 0, 3, 5 ]

[ "My favorite movie is Goodfellas, have you seen it?", "It's an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book \"Wiseguy\", following the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends and family.", "Many big names, such as Robert De Niro, Joe Pesci, and Ray Liotta! They took their roles seriously, researching material left over from the book." ]

[ "Goodfellas", "Goodfellas", "Goodfellas" ]

[ "Florida", "No. How's the weather over there?", "I hate hot weather. When did Florida become a state?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south.", "The Weather Channel __knowledge__ The Weather Channel is an American basic cable and satellite television channel, owned by a consortium made up of The Blackstone Group, Bain Capital, and NBCUniversal.", "The Weather Channel __knowledge__ Its headquarters are located in Atlanta, Georgia.", "The Weather Channel __knowledge__ Launched on May 2, 1982, the channel broadcasts weather forecasts and weather-related news and analysis, along with documentaries and entertainment programming related to weather.", "The Weather Channel __knowledge__ A sister network, Weatherscan, is a digital cable and satellite service that offers 24-hour automated local forecasts and radar imagery.", "The Weather Channel __knowledge__ The Weather Channel's former parent company, The Weather Company (part of IBM since 2016), also provides forecasts for terrestrial and satellite radio stations, newspapers, mobile apps and websites, including an extensive online presence at weather.com.", "History of The Weather Channel __knowledge__ The Weather Channel is an American basic cable and satellite television channel owned by The Weather Company (a consortium owned by NBCUniversal, The Blackstone Group and Bain Capital) that focuses on national and international weather information; although in recent years, the channel has also incorporated entertainment-based programs related to weather on its schedule.", "History of The Weather Channel __knowledge__ This article details the history of the channel, which dates back its founding to around 1980.", "History of The Weather Channel __knowledge__ Prior to the channel's launch, the original concept for providing continuous weather reports to the public over television stations stretched as far back as the late 1950s and early 1960s on the varying incarnations of CATV.", "National Weather Service __knowledge__ The National Weather Service (NWS) is an agency of the United States federal government that is tasked with providing weather forecasts, warnings of hazardous weather, and other weather-related products to organizations and the public for the purposes of protection, safety, and general information.", "National Weather Service __knowledge__ It is a part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) branch of the Department of Commerce, and is headquartered in Silver Spring, Maryland (located just outside Washington, D.C.).", "National Weather Service __knowledge__ The agency was known as the United States Weather Bureau from 1890 until it adopted its current name in 1970.", "NOAA Weather Radio __knowledge__ NOAA Weather Radio (NWR; also known as NOAA Weather Radio All Hazards) is an automated 24-hour network of radio stations in the United States that broadcast advert-free weather information directly from a nearby National Weather Service office.", "NOAA Weather Radio __knowledge__ A complete broadcast cycle lasts about 3 to 8 minutes long, featuring weather forecasts and local observations, but interrupted when severe weather advisories/warnings/watches are issued.", "NOAA Weather Radio __knowledge__ It occasionally broadcasts other non-weather related events such as national security statements, natural disaster information, environmental and public safety statements (such as an AMBER Alert) sourced from the Federal Communications Commission's (FCC) Emergency Alert System.", "Weather forecasting __knowledge__ Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the conditions of the atmosphere for a given location and time.", "Weather forecasting __knowledge__ Human beings have attempted to predict the weather informally for millennia and formally since the 19th century.", "Weather forecasting __knowledge__ Weather forecasts are made by collecting quantitative data about the current state of the atmosphere at a given place and using meteorology to project how the atmosphere will change.", "Weather forecasting __knowledge__ Once a human-only endeavor based mainly upon changes in barometric pressure, current weather conditions, and sky condition, weather forecasting now relies on computer-based models that take many atmospheric factors into account.", "Weather ship __knowledge__ A weather ship, or Ocean Station Vessel, was a ship stationed in the ocean as a platform for surface and upper air meteorological observations for use in weather forecasting.", "Weather ship __knowledge__ They were primarily located in the north Atlantic and north Pacific oceans, reporting via radio.", "Weather ship __knowledge__ In addition to their weather reporting function, these vessels aided in search and rescue operations, supported transatlantic flights, acted as research platforms for oceanographers, monitored marine pollution, and aided weather forecasting both by weather forecasters and within computerized atmospheric models.", "Weather ship __knowledge__ Research vessels remain heavily used in oceanography, including physical oceanography and the integration of meteorological and climatological data in Earth system science.", "557th Weather Wing __knowledge__ The 557th Weather Wing is a United States Air Force formation and its lead military meteorology center.", "557th Weather Wing __knowledge__ It delivers environmental situational awareness worldwide to the Air Force, the Army, joint warfighters, Unified Combatant Commands, the national intelligence community, and the Secretary of Defense.", "557th Weather Wing __knowledge__ It is headquartered at Offutt Air Force Base, near Omaha, Nebraska.", "557th Weather Wing __knowledge__ The wing fields weather equipment and training to Air Force operational weather squadrons, and weather flights in Operations Support Squadrons at locations around the world.", "557th Weather Wing __knowledge__ It builds a comprehensive weather database of forecast, climatological, and space weather products.", "San Francisco __knowledge__ San Francisco (initials SF) (, Spanish for Saint Francis; Spanish: ), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California.", "San Francisco __knowledge__ The consolidated city-county covers an area of about , mostly at the north end of the San Francisco Peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area.", "San Francisco __knowledge__ It is the fourth-most populous city in California, and the 13th-most populous in the United States, with a 2016 census-estimated population of 870,887.", "San Francisco __knowledge__ The population is projected to reach 1 million by 2033.", "San Francisco __knowledge__ San Francisco is also the fifth most densely populated U.S. county, behind only four New York City boroughs.", "Union City, New Jersey __knowledge__ Union City is a city in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States.", "Union City, New Jersey __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census the city had a total population of 66,455, reflecting a decline of 633 (−0.9%) from the 67,088 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 9,076 (+15.6%) from the 58,012 counted in the 1990 Census.", "Union City, New Jersey __knowledge__ As of the 2010 Census it was the most densely populated city in the United States, with a density of 51,810.1 per square mile.", "Union City, New Jersey __knowledge__ Union City was incorporated as a city by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on June 1, 1925, with the merger of Union Hill and West Hoboken Township.", "Union City, New Jersey __knowledge__ The city's name marks the combination of the two municipalities.", "Maine __knowledge__ Maine () is the northernmost state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.", "Maine __knowledge__ Maine is the 39th most extensive and the 9th least populous of the U.S. states and territories.", "Maine __knowledge__ It is bordered by New Hampshire to the west, the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast, and the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and northwest respectively.", "Maine __knowledge__ Maine is the easternmost state in the contiguous United States, and the northernmost east of the Great Lakes.", "Maine __knowledge__ It is known for its jagged, rocky coastline; low, rolling mountains; heavily forested interior, and picturesque waterways; and also its seafood cuisine, especially clams and lobster.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "New Jersey __knowledge__ New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Northeastern United States.", "New Jersey __knowledge__ It is a peninsula, bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware River and Pennsylvania; and on the southwest by the Delaware Bay and Delaware.", "New Jersey __knowledge__ New Jersey is the fourth-smallest state by area but the 11th-most populous, with 9 million residents as of 2017, and the most densely populated of the 50 U.S. states.", "New Jersey __knowledge__ New Jersey lies entirely within the combined statistical areas of New York City and Philadelphia and is the third-wealthiest state by median household income as of 2016.", "Transportation in South Florida __knowledge__ The Greater Miami area, composed of the three counties of Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach, also known collectively as South Florida, is home to a wide variety of public and private transportation systems.", "Transportation in South Florida __knowledge__ These include heavy rail mass transit (Metrorail), commuter rail (Tri-Rail), automated guideway transit (Metromover), highways, two major airports (Miami International Airport (MIA) and Fort Lauderdale – Hollywood International Airport (FLL)) and seaports (Port of Miami and Port Everglades), as well as three county-wide bus networks (Miami-Dade Metrobus, Broward County Transit (BCT), and Palm Tran), which cover the entire urbanized area of South Florida.", "Hudson County, New Jersey __knowledge__ Hudson County, a county in the U.S. state of New Jersey, lies west of the lower Hudson River, which was named for Henry Hudson, the sea captain who explored the area in 1609.", "Hudson County, New Jersey __knowledge__ Part of New Jersey's Gateway Region in the New York metropolitan area, Jersey City is its largest city and county seat.", "Hudson County, New Jersey __knowledge__ As of the 2016 Census estimate, Hudson County was the fastest-growing county in New Jersey compared to 2010; the county's population was 677,983, making it the state's 4th-most populous county, an increase of 6.9% from the 2010 United States Census, when its population was enumerated at 634,266, in turn an increase of 25,291 (+4.2%) from the 608,975 enumerated in the 2000 Census." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida (; Spanish for \"land of flowers\") is the southernmost state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Florida __knowledge__ The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U.S. states.", "Florida __knowledge__ Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States (due to the consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County).", "Florida __knowledge__ The Miami metropolitan area is Florida's most populous urban area.", "Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the state's capital.", "Florida __knowledge__ About two-thirds of Florida occupies a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately , not including the contribution of the many barrier islands.", "Florida __knowledge__ It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "Florida __knowledge__ Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil.", "Florida __knowledge__ Florida has the lowest high point of any U.S. state.", "Florida __knowledge__ The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south.", "2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves __knowledge__ The 2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves included severe heat waves that impacted most of the United States, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Hong Kong, North Africa and the European continent as a whole, along with parts of Canada, Russia, Indochina, South Korea and Japan during May, June, July, and August 2010.", "2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves __knowledge__ The first phase of the global heatwaves was caused by a moderate El Niño event, which lasted from June 2009 to May 2010.", "2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves __knowledge__ The first phase lasted only from April 2010 to June 2010, and caused only moderate above average temperatures in the areas affected.", "2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves __knowledge__ But it also set new record high temperatures for most of the area affected, in the Northern Hemisphere.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Eglin Air Force Base, a United States Air Force base located southwest of Valparaiso, Florida, was established in 1935 as the Valparaiso Bombing and Gunnery Base.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ It is named in honor of Lieutenant Colonel Frederick I. Eglin (1891–1937), who was killed in a crash of his Northrop A-17 pursuit aircraft on a flight from Langley to Maxwell Field, Alabama.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Eglin is the home of the Air Armament Center (AAC) and is one of three product centers in the Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC).", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ Valparaiso Airport was created in 1933, when an arrowhead-shaped parcel of was cleared for use as an airdrome.", "History of Eglin Air Force Base __knowledge__ In 1931, the Air Corps Tactical School, newly relocated to Maxwell Field, Alabama, sought a location for a bombing and gunnery range.", "Heat wave __knowledge__ A heat wave is a period of excessively hot weather, which may be accompanied by high humidity, especially in oceanic climate countries.", "Heat wave __knowledge__ While definitions vary, a heat wave is measured relative to the usual weather in the area and relative to normal temperatures for the season.", "Heat wave __knowledge__ Temperatures that people from a hotter climate consider normal can be termed a heat wave in a cooler area if they are outside the normal climate pattern for that area.", "Heat wave __knowledge__ The term is applied both to hot weather variations and to extraordinary spells of hot which may occur only once a century.", "Heat wave __knowledge__ Severe heat waves have caused catastrophic crop failures, thousands of deaths from hyperthermia, and widespread power outages due to increased use of air conditioning.", "Track (rail transport) __knowledge__ The track on a railway or railroad, also known as the permanent way, is the structure consisting of the rails, fasteners, railroad ties (sleepers, British English) and ballast (or slab track), plus the underlying subgrade.", "Track (rail transport) __knowledge__ It enables trains to move by providing a dependable surface for their wheels to roll upon.", "Track (rail transport) __knowledge__ For clarity it is often referred to as railway track (British English and UIC terminology) or railroad track (predominantly in the United States).", "Track (rail transport) __knowledge__ Tracks where electric trains or electric trams run are equipped with an electrification system such as an overhead electrical power line or an additional electrified rail.", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ The global storm activity of 2010 includes major meteorological events in the Earth's atmosphere during the year, including winter storms (blizzards, ice storms, European windstorms), hailstorms, out of season monsoon rain storms, extratropical cyclones, gales, microbursts, flooding, rainstorms, tropical cyclones, and other severe weather events.", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ The thunderstorm season for the Northern Hemisphere began near spring, beginning on March 1, and ending on August 31.", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ Fresh overnight snowfall on New Year's Eve and New Year's Day caused disruption in north east England, with roads across Northumberland, Tyne and Wear, County Durham and Teesside affected.", "United States Army uniforms in World War II __knowledge__ The United States Army in World War II used a variety of standard and non-standard dress and battle uniforms, which often changed depending upon the theater of war, climatic environment, and supply exigencies.", "United States Army uniforms in World War II __knowledge__ The uniform consists of an Olive Drab (OD-51) peaked cap with a russet leather visor, white linen spread-collared shirt with a black worsted wool tie, Olive Drab wool trousers, an olive-drab (OD-51) wool four-button tunic with leather belt, and russet-brown leather Type I (leather-soled) service shoes.", "United States Army uniforms in World War II __knowledge__ By 1942 the white linen shirt was replaced by the \"Class B\" olive drab gabardine shirt (for temperate climates and cool weather) or \"Class C\" khaki poplin shirt (for tropical climates and hot weather).", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the capital of the U.S. state of Florida.", "Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ It is the county seat and only incorporated municipality in Leon County.", "Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee became the capital of Florida, then the Florida Territory, in 1824.", "Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ In 2016, the population was 190,894, making it the 7th-largest city in the U.S state of Florida, and the 126th-largest city in the United States.", "Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ The population of the Tallahassee metropolitan area was 379,627 as of 2016.", "Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is the largest city in the Florida Panhandle region, and the main center for trade and agriculture in the Florida Big Bend and Southwest Georgia regions.", "Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is home to Florida State University, ranked the nation's thirty-third best public university by \"U.S. News & World Report\".", "History of Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ The History of Tallahassee, like the History of Leon County, begins with the Native American population and its interaction with British and Spanish colonists as well as colonial Americans and fugitive slaves, as the Florida Territory moved toward statehood.", "History of Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ Growing numbers of cotton plantations increased the settlement's population greatly.", "History of Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ It became a city and capitol in 1821.", "History of Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ Tallahassee is situated within the Apalachee Province, home of the Apalachee, a Mississippian culture of agrarian people who farmed vast tracts of land.", "History of Tallahassee, Florida __knowledge__ Their capital, Anhaica, was located within Tallahassee's city limits.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Geography of Arizona __knowledge__ Arizona is a landlocked state situated in the southwestern region of the United States of America.", "Geography of Arizona __knowledge__ Arizona shares land borders with Utah to the north, the Mexican state of Sonora to the south, New Mexico to the east, and Nevada to the west.", "Geography of Arizona __knowledge__ Arizona shares water borders with California and the Mexican state of Baja California to the west along the Colorado River.", "Geography of Arizona __knowledge__ Arizona is also one of the Four Corners states, at which Arizona touches Colorado.", "Geography of Arizona __knowledge__ Arizona has an area of , making it the sixth largest U.S. state.", "Geography of Arizona __knowledge__ Of Arizona's total area, 0.32% consists of water, which makes Arizona the state with the second lowest percentage of water area (New Mexico is the lowest at 0.19%).", "Morelos __knowledge__ Morelos (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Morelos (), is one of the 32 states, which comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico.", "Morelos __knowledge__ It is divided in 33 municipalities and its capital city is Cuernavaca.", "Morelos __knowledge__ It is located in South-Central Mexico.", "Morelos __knowledge__ It is bordered by the states of México to the north-east and north-west, Puebla to the east and Guerrero to the southwest.", "Morelos __knowledge__ Mexico City is situated north of Morelos.", "Morelos __knowledge__ Morelos is the second-smallest state in the nation, just after Tlaxcala.", "Morelos __knowledge__ It was part of the very large province then State of Mexico until 1869, when Benito Juárez decreed that its territory would be separated and named in honor of José María Morelos y Pavón, who defended the city of Cuautla from royalist forces during the Mexican War of Independence.", "Climate of Sydney __knowledge__ The climate of Sydney is humid subtropical (), shifting from mild and cool in winter to warm and hot in the summer, with no extreme seasonal differences as the weather is moderated by proximity to the ocean.", "Climate of Sydney __knowledge__ More contrasting temperatures are recorded in the inland western suburbs.", "Climate of Sydney __knowledge__ Although there is no distinct dry or wet season, rainfall peaks in the first half of the year and is at its lowest in the second half.", "Climate of Sydney __knowledge__ Precipitation varies across the region, with areas adjacent to the coast being the wettest.", "Climate of Sydney __knowledge__ The city receives around 20 thunderstorms per year.", "Climate of Sydney __knowledge__ Sydney has 103.9 clear days annually, with the monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 53% in January to 72% in August.", "Eustatia Island __knowledge__ Eustatia Island is a 30-acre volcanic island of the British Virgin Islands (BVI) in the Caribbean.", "Eustatia Island __knowledge__ The word \"Eustatia” is a Greek derived word meaning, “good place to stay.” The entire island, and a small neighboring island, Saba Rock, are under the same long term lease.", "Eustatia Island __knowledge__ The island is regularly featured and photographed for several publications and was listed as one to top 20 most beautiful islands in the world in the December 2004 issue of Islands magazine.", "Eustatia Island __knowledge__ Eustatia Island is located at latitude 18.51 north and longitude 64.36 west in the eastern section of the British Virgin Islands slightly to the north of Virgin Gorda and Prickly Pear and to the south of Necker Island." ] ]

[ 3, 6, 0 ]

[ "Have you ever been to Florida? WE have the 22nd-most extensive and 3rd-most populated state, and its also ranked the 8th-most densely populated U.S. state.", "Its usually very warm year round, I live in Tallahassee around the state's capital and its usually very hot here. ", "It became a state on March 3rd 1845 over 170 years ago" ]

[ "Florida", "Florida", "Florida" ]

[ "Association football\nI don't watch soccer much, do you know anything about association football?", "Okay, what is the objective of the game?", "Is it an olympic sport?", "Wow, that's a lot of people. Who won the gold medal in the last Olympics?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "Polo Grounds __knowledge__ The Polo Grounds was the name of three stadiums in Upper Manhattan, New York City, used mainly for professional baseball and American football from 1880 until 1963.", "Polo Grounds __knowledge__ The third Polo Grounds, built in 1890 and renovated after a fire in 1911, is the one generally indicated when \"the Polo Grounds\" is referenced.", "Polo Grounds __knowledge__ It was located in Coogan's Hollow and was noted for its distinctive bathtub shape, very short distances to the left and right field walls, and an unusually deep center field.", "Polo Grounds __knowledge__ As the name suggests, the original Polo Grounds, opened in 1876 and demolished in 1889, was built for the sport of polo.", "Names for association football __knowledge__ The names of association football are the terms used to describe :association football, the sport most commonly referred to in the English-speaking world as \"football\" or \"soccer\".", "Names for association football __knowledge__ The rules of association football were codified in the United Kingdom by the Football Association in 1863, and the name \"association football\" was coined to distinguish the game from the other versions of football played at the time, such as rugby football.", "Names for association football __knowledge__ The word \"soccer\" is an abbreviation of \"association\" (from \"assoc.\")", "Names for association football __knowledge__ and first appeared in universities in the 1880s (sometimes using the variant spelling \"socker\").", "History of soccer in Brisbane, Queensland __knowledge__ The earliest known records of regular association football (soccer) games in Brisbane date from the early 1880s, when a group comprising mostly Scottish immigrants commenced playing at Queen's Park, adjacent to Alice and Edward Streets in the city (now part of the City Botanic Gardens) and vacant land in Melbourne Street South Brisbane, between Grey and Stanley Streets.", "History of soccer in Brisbane, Queensland __knowledge__ This group of players subsequently formed the Anglo-Queensland Football Association in early 1884, and commenced playing fixtures at the sportsfield behind the Pineapple Hotel, in Main Street Kangaroo Point, and at Queen's Park, in June 1884.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ \"You Don't Know Anything\" is a song by American indie rock band Ivy.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ It was released by Atlantic Records on April 29, 1999 as the fourth and final single from their second studio album, \"Apartment Life\" (1997).", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The single was made available exclusively in Europe and featured the same two B-sides as previous single, \"This Is the Day\", which had been released by 550 Music in Austria.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ The track was written by Dominique Durand, Adam Schlesinger and Andy Chase while production was handled by the latter two and Peter Nashel.", "You Don't Know Anything __knowledge__ Released alongside \"This Is the Day\", \"You Don't Know Anything\" received promotion by Atlantic Records after the former track was included on the soundtrack for the 1998 film, \"There's Something About Mary\".", "Football (word) __knowledge__ The English word football may mean any one of several team sports (or the ball used in that respective sport), depending on the national or regional origin and location of the person using the word.", "Football (word) __knowledge__ So where English is a first language the unqualified use of the word \"football\" is used to refer to the most popular code of football in that region.", "Football (word) __knowledge__ The sports most frequently referred to as simply \"football\" are association football (soccer), American football, Australian rules football, Canadian football, Gaelic football, rugby league football and rugby union football.", "Football (word) __knowledge__ Of the 45 \"national\" FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association) affiliates in which English is an official or primary language, 43 use \"football\" in their organisations' official names (Canada and the United States use \"soccer\").", "History of association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, can be traced to as far back as the Medieval period in Britain (medieval football).", "History of association football __knowledge__ The modern game of association football originates from the formation of The Football Association in London, England in 1863 based on multiple efforts to standardize the varying forms of the game.", "History of association football __knowledge__ This allowed clubs to play each other without dispute and which specifically banned handling of the ball (except by goalkeepers) and hacking during open field play.", "History of association football __knowledge__ After the fifth meeting of the association a schism emerged between association football and the rules played by the Rugby school, later to be called rugby football." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "Okay Hot-Shot, Okay! __knowledge__ Okay Hot-Shot, Okay!", "Okay Hot-Shot, Okay! __knowledge__ (sometimes Okay Hot-Shot) is a 1963 pop art painting by Roy Lichtenstein that uses his Ben-Day dots style and a text balloon.", "Okay Hot-Shot, Okay! __knowledge__ It is one of several examples of military art that Lichtenstein created between 1962 and 1964, including several with aeronautical themes like this one.", "Okay Hot-Shot, Okay! __knowledge__ It was inspired by panels from four different comic books that provide the sources for the plane, the pilot, the text balloon and the graphic onomatopoeia, \"VOOMP!\".", "Okay Hot-Shot, Okay! __knowledge__ Lichtenstein made several alterations to the source images as he compiled them into this composition.", "Okay Hot-Shot, Okay! __knowledge__ He used themes in this work that relate to those expressed in several of his other works.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ \"Loveline\" has frequent games and traditions in which phone callers, guests, and the hosts participate.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Most of the games and traditions come and leave with their respective hosts.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Engineer Anderson Cowan is fond of splicing up phrases Drew, Adam, Stryker, and guests have uttered on previous shows and \"dropping\" them into new shows mid-call, to the confusion of callers and amusement of seasoned listeners.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Some favorites are: Some of the Drew Drops were set to music in the \"Dr. Drew Shuffle\" and the later \"Dr. Drew Boogie.\"", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ There are some other drops taken from a skit on the television show \"Crank Yankers\".", "Complete (BtoB album) __knowledge__ Complete is the first full-length studio album by South Korean boy group, BTOB.", "Complete (BtoB album) __knowledge__ It was released on June 29, 2015.", "Complete (BtoB album) __knowledge__ The albums contains 13 tracks including a previously released bonus track \"Shake It\" from their 5th mini-album, Move, and an acoustic version of their debut track \"Insane\".", "Complete (BtoB album) __knowledge__ The group promoted with the title track \"It's Okay\".", "Complete (BtoB album) __knowledge__ On June 4, 2015, Cube Entertainment announced that BTOB will be releasing their first studio album on June 29, 2015.", "Complete (BtoB album) __knowledge__ This marks the start of BTOB's 2015 full-scale comeback activities.", "Complete (BtoB album) __knowledge__ Ahead of comeback, BTOB notified the 180 degree different transformation of their style compared to previous promotions, with their first ever R&B ballad title-track \"It’s Okay\".", "Okay Airways __knowledge__ Okay Airways () is an airline headquartered in Shunyi District, Beijing, People's Republic of China.", "Okay Airways __knowledge__ It operates passenger flight services and dedicated cargo services.", "Okay Airways __knowledge__ Its main hub are Tianjin Binhai International Airport, Xi'an Xianyang International Airport and secondary hub is Changsha Huanghua International Airport.", "Okay Airways __knowledge__ Flights were suspended for one month beginning on December 15, 2008, due to a dispute between the carrier and its shareholders.", "Okay Airways __knowledge__ Okay Airways was established in June 2004 and in February 2005 received an aviation carrier business license from the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC).", "The Sekhmet Hypothesis __knowledge__ The Sekhmet Hypothesis was first published in book form in 1995 by Iain Spence.", "The Sekhmet Hypothesis __knowledge__ It suggested that pop trends of an atavistic nature could be analysed in relation to Timothy Leary's Interpersonal Circumplex Grid.", "The Sekhmet Hypothesis __knowledge__ It also suggested that major youth trends could be correlated to peaks in the 11 year solar cycle; this idea was later rejected by the author in 1999.", "The Sekhmet Hypothesis __knowledge__ The hypothesis was published in 1997 in the journal \"Towards 2012\" and covered in 1999, in \"Sleazenation\" magazine.", "The Sekhmet Hypothesis __knowledge__ The origins of the hypothesis can be traced back to Robert Anton Wilson's book, \"Prometheus Rising\", in which Wilson makes a singular correlation between the symbol of the flower child with the mood of friendly weakness.", "Fear Itself (comics) __knowledge__ The comic \"Fear Itself\" is a 2011 crossover comic book storyline published by Marvel Comics, consisting of a seven-issue, eponymous miniseries written by Matt Fraction and illustrated by Stuart Immonen, Wade Von Grawbadger, and Laura Martin, a prologue book by writer Ed Brubaker and artist Scot Eaton, and numerous tie-in books, including most of the X-Men family of books.", "Fear Itself (comics) __knowledge__ \"Fear Itself\" was first announced by then-Marvel Editor-in-Chief Joe Quesada, Executive Editor Tom Brevoort and X-Men group editor Axel Alonso at a press conference held at Midtown Comics Times Square on December 21, 2010.", "Fear Itself (comics) __knowledge__ The story, whose title is a by Franklin D. Roosevelt, \"The only thing we have to fear is fear itself\", depicts the various superheroes of the Marvel Universe contending with the Serpent, an Asgardian fear deity who causes global panic on Earth, and who seeks to reclaim the throne of Asgard he contends was usurped by his brother, Odin, father to Thor, when the latter vanquished him ages ago.", "Madden NFL __knowledge__ Madden NFL (originally known as John Madden Football until 1993) is an American football video game series developed by EA Tiburon for EA Sports.", "Madden NFL __knowledge__ It is named after Pro Football Hall of Famer John Madden, and has sold more than 120 million copies, and influenced many players and coaches of the physical sport.", "Madden NFL __knowledge__ Among the game's realistic features are sophisticated playbooks and player statistics, and voice commentary that allows players to hear the game as if it were a real TV broadcast.", "Madden NFL __knowledge__ As of September 2013, the franchise had generated over $4 billion in revenue.", "Madden NFL __knowledge__ Electronic Arts founder Trip Hawkins conceived the series and approached Madden in 1984 for his endorsement and expertise.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is a team winter sport played on ice, in which skaters use sticks to direct a ball into the opposing team's goal.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Based on the number of participating athletes, bandy is the world's second most popular winter sport after ice hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy is also the number two winter sport in tickets sold per day of competitions at the sport's world championship compared to the other winter sports.", "Bandy __knowledge__ The sport is considered a form of hockey and has a common background with association football, ice hockey and field hockey.", "Bandy __knowledge__ Like football, the game is normally played in halves of 45 minutes each, there are eleven players on each team, and the bandy field is about the same size as a football pitch.", "American football __knowledge__ American football, referred to as football in the United States and Canada, and also known as gridiron football or simply gridiron, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense, which is the team controlling the oval-shaped football, attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball, while the defense, which is the team without control of the ball, aims to stop the offense's advance and aims to take control of the ball for themselves.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, and otherwise they turn over the football to the defense; if the offense succeeds in advancing ten yards or more, they are given a new set of four downs.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ The early history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid–19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or run over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate considered to be the \"father of gridiron football\".", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ The following is a description of the various and alternating rules of gridiron football.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ Numerous leagues or organizations tend to send a laundry list of rules in order to better distinguish themselves from their counterparts.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ American football is played on a field .", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ The longer boundary lines are \"sidelines\", while the shorter boundary lines are \"end lines\".", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ Sidelines and end lines are out of bounds.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ Near each end of the field is a \"goal line\"; they are apart.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ A scoring area called an \"end zone\" extends beyond each goal line to each end line.", "List of gridiron football rules __knowledge__ The end zone includes the goal line but not the end line.", "Wrexham A.F.C. __knowledge__ Wrexham Association Football Club () is a professional association football club based in Wrexham, Wales that plays in the English football league system.", "Wrexham A.F.C. __knowledge__ Based on the club's recorded formation date of 1864, they are the oldest club in Wales and the third oldest professional football team in the world.", "Wrexham A.F.C. __knowledge__ Since August 2011 Wrexham have been a supporter-owned football club.", "Wrexham A.F.C. __knowledge__ The club has competed in the National League, the fifth tier of English football, since being relegated from Football League Two at the end of the 2007–08 season, after 87 years of consecutive membership of the Football League.", "Wrexham A.F.C. __knowledge__ Wrexham are perhaps most notable for an FA Cup upset over reigning English Champions Arsenal in 1992 and a 1–0 victory over FC Porto in 1984 in the European Cup Winners' Cup.", "History of West Ham United F.C. __knowledge__ West Ham United Football Club are based in Stratford, Newham, east London.", "History of West Ham United F.C. __knowledge__ They played home matches at the 35,016 capacity Boleyn Ground stadium since 1904.", "History of West Ham United F.C. __knowledge__ They moved to the London Stadium for the start of the 2016-17 season.", "History of West Ham United F.C. __knowledge__ The club's formative roots stretch back to their formation as a professional side in 1900, but existed for at least five years prior to this under the name Thames Ironworks F.C.", "History of West Ham United F.C. __knowledge__ who themselves were built upon the remains of Old Castle Swifts F.C.", "History of West Ham United F.C. __knowledge__ (a club formed in 1892).", "History of West Ham United F.C. __knowledge__ The club initially competed in the London League (Winners 1897–98) later joining the Southern League (Division 2 Champions 1898–99) and Western League (Western League Champions in 1907–08) before joining the full Football League in 1919." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ Olympic sports are sports contested in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The 2016 Summer Olympics included 28 sports, with five additional sports due to be added to the 2020 Summer Olympics.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The 2014 Winter Olympics included seven sports.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The number and kinds of events may change slightly from one Olympiad to another.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ Each Olympic sport is represented by an international governing body, namely an International Federation (IF).", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The International Olympic Committee (IOC) establishes a hierarchy of sports, disciplines, and events.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ According to this hierarchy, the Olympic sports can be subdivided into multiple disciplines, which are often assumed to be distinct sports.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The modern Olympic Games or Olympics () are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ Their creation was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India is home to a diverse population playing many different sports across the country.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Football is a popular sport in some of the Indian states.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won all the Kabaddi World Cups to date.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ The country has won eight Olympic gold medals in field hockey.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ However, cricket is the most popular sport in India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Kabaddi, an indigenous sport is popular in rural India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Several games originated in India including chess, snooker and other regional games.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won medals in badminton, kabaddi, hockey and many other sports and disciplines.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Recently, different forms of martial arts have also gained a lot of prominence in India.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ The many sports played and followed in Ireland include Gaelic games (mainly Gaelic football, hurling and camogie), horse racing, show jumping, greyhound racing, basketball, fishing, handball, motor sport, MMA, boxing, target shooting and tennis.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ Hockey, golf, rowing, cricket, rugby union and Olympic target shooting are organised in an all-island basis, with a single team representing the whole of Ireland in international competitions.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ Other sports, such as soccer and netball, have separate organizing bodies in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ As Northern Ireland is a constitute nation of the United Kingdom it also sends a Northern Ireland Team to the Commonwealth Games.", "World Taekwondo __knowledge__ World Taekwondo, called the World Taekwondo Federation until June 2017, is the international federation governing the sport of taekwondo and is a member of the Association of Summer Olympic International Federations (ASOIF).", "World Taekwondo __knowledge__ The body was renamed in June 2017 to avoid the \"negative connotations\" of the previously used initials WTF.", "World Taekwondo __knowledge__ World Taekwondo was established on May 28, 1973 at its inaugural meeting held at the Kukkiwon with participation of 35 representatives from around the world.", "World Taekwondo __knowledge__ There are now 208 member nations.", "World Taekwondo __knowledge__ Since 2004, Choue Chung-won has been the president of World Taekwondo, succeeding the first president, Kim Un-yong.", "American football __knowledge__ American football, referred to as football in the United States and Canada, and also known as gridiron football or simply gridiron, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense, which is the team controlling the oval-shaped football, attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball, while the defense, which is the team without control of the ball, aims to stop the offense's advance and aims to take control of the ball for themselves.", "American football __knowledge__ The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, and otherwise they turn over the football to the defense; if the offense succeeds in advancing ten yards or more, they are given a new set of four downs.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ Avery Brundage (; September 28, 1887 – May 8, 1975) was the fifth president of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), serving from 1952 to 1972.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ The only American to attain that position, Brundage is remembered as a zealous advocate of amateurism and for his involvement with the 1936 and 1972 Summer Olympics, both held in Germany.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ Brundage was born in Detroit in 1887 to a working-class family.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ When he was five years old, his father moved his family to Chicago and subsequently abandoned his wife and children.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ Raised mostly by relatives, he attended the University of Illinois to study engineering and became a track star.", "Rugby union gameplay __knowledge__ Rugby union is a contact sport that consists of two teams of fifteen players.", "Rugby union gameplay __knowledge__ The objective is to obtain more points than the opposition through scoring tries or kicking goals over eighty minutes of playing time.", "Rugby union gameplay __knowledge__ The Play is started with one team drop kicking the ball from the halfway line towards the opposition.", "Rugby union gameplay __knowledge__ The rugby ball can be moved up the field by either carrying it or kicking it.", "Rugby union gameplay __knowledge__ However, when passing the ball it can only be thrown laterally or backward.", "Rugby union gameplay __knowledge__ The opposition can stop players moving up the field by tackling them.", "Rugby union gameplay __knowledge__ Only players carrying the ball can be tackled and once a tackle is completed the opposition can compete for the ball.", "Comparison of Canadian football and rugby union __knowledge__ A comparison of Canadian football and rugby union is possible because of the games' shared origins, despite their dissimilarities.", "Comparison of Canadian football and rugby union __knowledge__ The most significant difference in play is the allowance of blocking for the ball carrier, which is to say preventing a defender from tackling the player with the ball.", "Comparison of Canadian football and rugby union __knowledge__ This rule in Canadian football allows top-flight teams to include hundreds of different plays in each and every match.", "Comparison of Canadian football and rugby union __knowledge__ It also slows the game down, causing frequent stoppages and less spontaneity in play.", "Comparison of Canadian football and rugby union __knowledge__ The laws against this in rugby union allow for each team to contest possession at all stages of a game.", "Laws of rugby union __knowledge__ The laws of Rugby Union are defined by World Rugby (originally the International Rugby Football Board, and later International Rugby Board) and dictate how the game should be played.", "Laws of rugby union __knowledge__ They are enforced by a referee, generally with the help of two assistant referees.", "Laws of rugby union __knowledge__ When playing a game of Rugby Union the overall objective is to score more points than the opposition through tries and goals.", "Laws of rugby union __knowledge__ A try worth five points is scored when a team grounds the ball in the opposition's in-goal.", "Laws of rugby union __knowledge__ A conversion (kick at a goal) is then attempted by either place or drop kicking the ball between the H-shaped goal posts and above the crossbar, if successful this is worth two extra points.", "Synchronized Football __knowledge__ Synchronized football is an individual football-based sport.", "Synchronized Football __knowledge__ It is a popular local sport among youth, particularly in the southern parts of Norway, originating back to the end of 20th century.", "Synchronized Football __knowledge__ Being a hybrid of regular football and penalty kicks, synchronized football involves individuals combining both goalscoring and goalkeeping.", "Synchronized Football __knowledge__ The name derives from its mathematically perfected, synchronized field layout.", "Synchronized Football __knowledge__ It is normally played on grass, but fields of asphalt or concrete can also be used.", "Synchronized Football __knowledge__ The game can host a number of players, ranging from 3-6.", "Synchronized Football __knowledge__ It can also be a competition of only 2 persons, but with so few players, the game loses much of its speed and unpredictability, which is the essence of synchronized football.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ The Tipperary County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) () is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Tipperary and the Tipperary inter-county teams.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ County Tipperary holds an honoured place in the history of the GAA as the organisation was founded in Hayes' Hotel, Thurles, on 1 November 1884.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ There follows details of the events of its history and the achievements of its inter county teams.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ Tipperary is known as 'The Premier County'.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ The county team has had many first and unique achievements in the world of GAA.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ 1887- The inaugural All-Ireland senior hurling final was played on Easter Sunday 1888 in Birr, County Offaly.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ The History of Oregon State Beavers football covers more than 120 seasons since the team began play in 1893.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ In 1893, Oregon State College was known as State Agricultural College (SAC).", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ William H. Bloss, son of SAC's school president, was the school's first coach, and the quarterback of the 1893 team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss moved to Corvallis, Oregon in June 1892.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ He previously played football in the Midwest, and was considered very knowledgeable of football.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss scheduled tryouts in the fall of 1893 trying to assemble a football team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ By mid-October, he had found 17 players that would make up the first football team in Oregon State's history.", "Royal Shrovetide Football __knowledge__ The Royal Shrovetide Football Match is a \"Medieval football\" game played annually on Shrove Tuesday and Ash Wednesday in the town of Ashbourne in Derbyshire, England.", "Royal Shrovetide Football __knowledge__ Shrovetide ball games have been played in England since at least the 12th century from the reign of Henry II (1154–89).", "Royal Shrovetide Football __knowledge__ The Ashbourne game also known as \"hugball\" has been played from at least c.1667 although the exact origins of the game are unknown due to a fire at the Royal Shrovetide Committee office in the 1890s which destroyed the earliest records.", "Royal Shrovetide Football __knowledge__ One of the most popular origin theories suggests the macabre notion that the 'ball' was originally a severed head tossed into the waiting crowd following an execution." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.", "Association football __knowledge__ It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies, making it the world's most popular sport.", "Association football __knowledge__ The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.", "Association football __knowledge__ The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal.", "Association football __knowledge__ Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play, unless they are goalkeepers (and then only when within their penalty area).", "Association football __knowledge__ Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use any part of their body except the hands and the arms.", "Association football __knowledge__ The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.", "Association football __knowledge__ If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition.", "Association football __knowledge__ The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863.", "Association football __knowledge__ Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; ), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "1912 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The 1912 Summer Olympics (Swedish: \"Olympiska sommarspelen 1912\"), officially known as the Games of the V Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event held in Stockholm, Sweden, between 5 May and 22 July 1912.", "1912 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ Twenty-eight nations and 2,408 competitors, including 48 women, competed in 102 events in 14 sports.", "1912 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ With the exception of tennis (starting on 5 May) and football and shooting (both starting on 29 June), the games were held within a month with an official opening on 6 July.", "1912 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ It was the last Olympics to issue solid gold medals and, with Japan's debut, the first time an Asian nation participated.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Michael Fred Phelps II (born June 30, 1985) is an American retired competitive swimmer and the most successful and most decorated Olympian of all time, with a total of 28 medals.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Phelps also holds the all-time records for Olympic gold medals (23), Olympic gold medals in individual events (13), and Olympic medals in individual events (16).", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ When he won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Games, Phelps broke fellow American swimmer Mark Spitz's 1972 record of seven first-place finishes at any single Olympic Games.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Phelps had already tied the record of eight medals of any color at a single Games by winning six gold and two bronze medals.", "List of New Zealand rowers at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ New Zealand rowers have competed at the Summer Olympics since the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium.", "List of New Zealand rowers at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ With 24 Olympic medals including 11 gold medals, it is the country's most successful Olympic sport, closely followed by athletics with also 24 medals including 10 gold medals.", "List of New Zealand rowers at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ In the early years of the modern Olympic Games, people from New Zealand participated but not on behalf of New Zealand.", "List of New Zealand rowers at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The country's earliest participant, Victor Lindberg at the 1900 Summer Olympics, was only officially recognised as New Zealand's first competitor in 2014.", "List of New Zealand rowers at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ In 1908 and 1912, a total of six New Zealanders competed as part of a team from Australasia.", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ Sidney Patrick Crosby, (born August 7, 1987) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player, who serves as captain of the Pittsburgh Penguins of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ After an exceptional minor and junior career, Crosby was one of the most highly regarded draft picks in hockey history, leading many to refer to the 2005 Draft Lottery as the \"Sidney Crosby Sweepstakes\".", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Sid the Kid\" and \"The Next One\", he was selected first overall by the Penguins.", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ In his first NHL season, Crosby recorded 102 points and was a runner-up for the Calder Memorial Trophy.", "Sidney Crosby __knowledge__ By his second season, he led the NHL with 120 points to capture the Art Ross Trophy, becoming the youngest player and the only teenager to win a scoring title in any major North American sports league.", "1956 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ The 1956 Winter Olympics, officially known as the VII Olympic Winter Games (French: Les \"VII Jeux olympiques d'hiver\") (Italian: \"VII Giochi olimpici invernali\"), was a winter multi-sport event celebrated in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy.", "1956 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ This celebration of the Games was held from 26 January to 5 February 1956.", "1956 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ Cortina, which had originally been awarded the 1944 Winter Olympics, beat out Montreal, Colorado Springs and Lake Placid for the right to host the 1956 Games.", "1956 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ The Cortina Games were unique in that many of the venues were within walking distance of each other.", "1956 Winter Olympics __knowledge__ The organising committee received financial support from the Italian government for infrastructure improvements, but the rest of the costs for the Games had to be privately financed.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ Ice hockey tournaments have been staged at the Olympic Games since 1920.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The men's tournament was introduced at the 1920 Summer Olympics and was transferred permanently to the Winter Olympic Games program in 1924, in France.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The women's tournament was first held at the 1998 Winter Olympics.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games were originally intended for amateur athletes.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ However, the advent of the state-sponsored \"full-time amateur athlete\" of the Eastern Bloc countries further eroded the ideology of the pure amateur, as it put the self-financed amateurs of the Western countries at a disadvantage.", "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Soviet Union entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students, soldiers, or working in a profession, but many of whom were in reality paid by the state to train on a full-time basis.", "Ice Hockey World Championships __knowledge__ The Ice Hockey World Championships are an annual international men's ice hockey tournament organized by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF).", "Ice Hockey World Championships __knowledge__ First officially held at the 1920 Summer Olympics, it is the sport's highest profile annual international tournament.", "Ice Hockey World Championships __knowledge__ The IIHF was created in 1908 while the European Championships, the precursor to the World Championships, were first held in 1910.", "Ice Hockey World Championships __knowledge__ The tournament held at the 1920 Summer Olympics is recognized as the first Ice Hockey World Championship.", "Ice Hockey World Championships __knowledge__ Between 1920 and 1968, the Olympic hockey tournament was also considered the World Championship for that year.", "Rugby union __knowledge__ Rugby union, commonly known in most of the world as rugby, is a contact team sport which originated in England in the first half of the 19th century.", "Rugby union __knowledge__ One of the two codes of rugby football, it is based on running with the ball in hand.", "Rugby union __knowledge__ In its most common form, a game is between two teams of 15 players using an oval-shaped ball on a rectangular field with H-shaped goalposts on each try line.", "Rugby union __knowledge__ Rugby union is a popular sport around the world, played by male and female players of all ages.", "Rugby union __knowledge__ In 2014, there were more than 6 million people playing worldwide, of whom 2.36 million were registered players.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ Soccer in the United States is governed by the United States Soccer Federation.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The organization governs most levels of soccer in the country, including the national teams, professional leagues, and the amateur game with the exception of colleges and high schools.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ , over 24.4 million people play soccer in the United States.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012, the U.S. Census Bureau reported that soccer was the third-most played team sport in the U.S., behind only basketball and baseball.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The popularity of the sport in the U.S. has been growing since the 1960s and 1970s, and received a significant boost when the United States hosted the 1994 FIFA World Cup and 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Overwatch is a team-based multiplayer online first-person shooter video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ It was released in May 2016 for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" assigns players into two teams of six, with each player selecting from a roster of over 20 characters, known in-game as \"heroes\", each with a unique style of play, whose roles are divided into four general categories: Offense, Defense, Tank, and Support.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players on a team work together to secure and defend control points on a map or escort a payload across the map in a limited amount of time.", "Sport in China __knowledge__ \"This article is about sport in the People's Republic of China.", "Sport in China __knowledge__ For sport in the Republic of China, see Sports in Taiwan.\"", "Sport in China __knowledge__ Sport in China has been long associated to the martial arts.", "Sport in China __knowledge__ Today China (including mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau) consists of a variety of competitive sports.", "Sport in China __knowledge__ Traditional Chinese culture regards physical fitness as an important characteristic.", "Sport in China __knowledge__ China has its own national quadrennial multi-sport event similar to the Olympic Games called the National Games.", "Sport in China __knowledge__ According to the Chinese Basketball Association, there is a record number of around 300 million active basketball players in Asia.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations (FFP) were established to prevent professional football clubs spending more than they earn in the pursuit of success and in doing so getting into financial problems which might threaten their long-term survival.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ They were agreed to in principle in September 2009 by the Financial Control Panel of football’s governing body in Europe (Union of European Football Associations – UEFA).", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The regulations provide for sanctions to be taken against clubs who exceed spending, over several seasons, within a set budgetary framework.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ Implementation of the regulations took place at the outset of the 2011–12 football season." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 2, 9 ]

[ "The game is played with 11 players on each team.", "You have to score by moving the ball into the opponents goal.", "Yes, it is played by 250 million players throughout 200 countries leading it to be the world's largest sport.", "I'm not sure but the rules of the game were first set in stone in England in 1863" ]

[ "Association football", "Association football", "Association football", "Association football" ]

[ "Motorcycle", "Wow that is terrible, but that is the reason I;am afraid to drive motorcycles I feel too vulnerable.", "That is true and I guess they can be fun too. how much can a motorcycle cost, I mean an average one not the really expensive stuff?", "I mean the street one I would never dare to do Motocross." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ A motorcycle often called a bike, motorbike, or cycle is a two- or three-wheeled motor vehicle.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ Motorcycle design varies greatly to suit a range of different purposes: long distance travel, commuting, cruising, sport including racing, and off-road riding.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ Motorcycling is riding a motorcycle and related social activity such as joining a motorcycle club and attending motorcycle rallies.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ In 1894, Hildebrand & Wolfmüller became the first series production motorcycle, and the first to be called a motorcycle.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ In 2014, the three top motorcycle producers globally by volume were Honda, Yamaha (both from Japan), and Hero MotoCorp (India).", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ In developing countries, motorcycles are overwhelmingly utilitarian due to lower prices and greater fuel economy.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ Of all the motorcycles in the world, 58% are in the Asia-Pacific and Southern and Eastern Asia regions, excluding car-centric Japan.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ According to the United States Department of Transportation the number of fatalities per vehicle mile traveled was 37 times higher for motorcycles than for cars.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ The term motorcycle has different legal definitions depending on jurisdiction (see #Legal definitions and restrictions).", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ There are three major types of motorcycle: street, off-road, and dual purpose." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ A motorcycle often called a bike, motorbike, or cycle is a two- or three-wheeled motor vehicle.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ Motorcycle design varies greatly to suit a range of different purposes: long distance travel, commuting, cruising, sport including racing, and off-road riding.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ Motorcycling is riding a motorcycle and related social activity such as joining a motorcycle club and attending motorcycle rallies.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ In 1894, Hildebrand & Wolfmüller became the first series production motorcycle, and the first to be called a motorcycle.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ In 2014, the three top motorcycle producers globally by volume were Honda, Yamaha (both from Japan), and Hero MotoCorp (India).", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ In developing countries, motorcycles are overwhelmingly utilitarian due to lower prices and greater fuel economy.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ Of all the motorcycles in the world, 58% are in the Asia-Pacific and Southern and Eastern Asia regions, excluding car-centric Japan.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ According to the United States Department of Transportation the number of fatalities per vehicle mile traveled was 37 times higher for motorcycles than for cars.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ The term motorcycle has different legal definitions depending on jurisdiction (see #Legal definitions and restrictions).", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ There are three major types of motorcycle: street, off-road, and dual purpose.", "Hash-based cryptography __knowledge__ Hash-based cryptography is the generic term for constructions of cryptographic primitives based on the security of hash functions.", "Hash-based cryptography __knowledge__ So far, hash-based cryptography is limited to digital signatures schemes such as the Merkle signature scheme.", "Hash-based cryptography __knowledge__ Hash-based signature schemes combine a one-time signature scheme with a Merkle tree structure.", "Hash-based cryptography __knowledge__ Since a one-time signature scheme key can only sign a single message securely, it is practical to combine many such keys within a single, larger structure.", "Hash-based cryptography __knowledge__ A Merkle tree structure is used to this end.", "Hash-based cryptography __knowledge__ In this hierarchical data structure, a hash function and concatenation are used repeatedly to compute tree nodes.", "Drive shaft __knowledge__ A drive shaft, driveshaft, driving shaft, propeller shaft (prop shaft), or Cardan shaft is a mechanical component for transmitting torque and rotation, usually used to connect other components of a drive train that cannot be connected directly because of distance or the need to allow for relative movement between them.", "Drive shaft __knowledge__ As torque carriers, drive shafts are subject to torsion and shear stress, equivalent to the difference between the input torque and the load.", "Drive shaft __knowledge__ They must therefore be strong enough to bear the stress, whilst avoiding too much additional weight as that would in turn increase their inertia.", "Suspension (motorcycle) __knowledge__ A motorcycle's suspension serves a dual purpose: contributing to the vehicle's handling and braking, and providing safety and comfort by keeping the vehicle's passengers comfortably isolated from road noise, bumps and vibrations.", "Suspension (motorcycle) __knowledge__ The typical motorcycle has a pair of fork tubes for the front suspension, and a swingarm with one or two shock absorbers for the rear suspension.", "Suspension (motorcycle) __knowledge__ The most common form of front suspension for a modern motorcycle is the telescopic fork.", "Suspension (motorcycle) __knowledge__ Other fork designs are girder forks, suspended on sprung parallel links (not common since the 1940s) and bottom leading link designs, not common since the 1960s.", "Zombie walk __knowledge__ A zombie walk is an organized public gathering of people who dress up in zombie costumes.", "Zombie walk __knowledge__ Participants usually meet in an urban center and make their way around the city streets and public spaces (or a series of taverns in the case of a zombie pub crawl) in an orderly fashion.", "Zombie walk __knowledge__ Zombie walks can be organized simply for entertainment or with a purpose, such as setting a world record or promoting a charitable cause.", "Zombie walk __knowledge__ Originating in North America during the 2000s, zombie walks have occurred throughout the world.", "Zombie walk __knowledge__ Zombie walks are relatively common in large cities, especially in North America.", "Zombie walk __knowledge__ Some have been established as annual traditions, though others are organized as spontaneous flash mob events or performance art.", "History of BMW motorcycles __knowledge__ BMW's motorcycle history began in 1921 when the company commenced manufacturing engines for other companies.", "History of BMW motorcycles __knowledge__ Motorcycle manufacturing now operates under the BMW Motorrad brand.", "History of BMW motorcycles __knowledge__ BMW \"(Bayerische Motoren Werke AG)\" introduced the first motorcycle under its name, the R32, in 1923 to 1925.", "History of BMW motorcycles __knowledge__ BMW began in 1916 as a reorganization of Rapp Motorenwerke, an aircraft engine manufacturer that began production before World War I.", "History of BMW motorcycles __knowledge__ With the Armistice, the Treaty of Versailles banned the German air force and the manufacture of aircraft in Germany, so the company turned to making air brakes, industrial engines, agricultural machinery, toolboxes and office furniture and then to motorcycles and cars.", "Harley-Davidson __knowledge__ Harley-Davidson, Inc. (H-D), or Harley, is an American motorcycle manufacturer, founded in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 1903.", "Harley-Davidson __knowledge__ One of two major American motorcycle manufacturers to survive the Great Depression (along with Indian), the company has survived numerous ownership arrangements, subsidiary arrangements (e.g., Aermacchi 1974-1978 and Buell 1987-2009), periods of poor economic health and product quality, as well as intense global competition, to become one of the world's largest motorcycle manufacturers and an iconic brand widely known for its loyal following.", "Harley-Davidson __knowledge__ There are owner clubs and events worldwide as well as a company-sponsored brand-focused museum.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ A plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) is any motor vehicle that can be recharged from an external source of electricity, such as wall sockets, and the electricity stored in the rechargeable battery packs drives or contributes to drive the wheels.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ PEV is a subset of electric vehicles that includes all-electric or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs), and electric vehicle conversions of hybrid electric vehicles and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ In China, plug-in electric vehicles are called new energy vehicles (NEVs).", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ Plug-in cars have several benefits compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The adoption of plug-in electric vehicles in the United States is actively supported by the American federal government, and several state and local governments.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ , cumulative sales in the U.S. totaled 764,666 highway legal plug-in electric vehicles since the market launch of the Tesla Roadster in 2008, , the American stock represented 28.1% of the global light-duty plug-in stock, and the U.S. had the world's third largest stock of plug-in passenger cars after China and Europe.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. market share of plug-in electric passenger cars increased from 0.14% in 2011 to 0.62% in 2013.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in the United States __knowledge__ The plug-in segment reached a market share of 0.75% in 2014 and fell to 0.66% in 2015.", "Motorcycling __knowledge__ Motorcycling is riding a motorcycle.", "Motorcycling __knowledge__ For some people, motorcycling may be the only affordable form of individual motorized transportation, and small displacement motorcycles are the most common motor vehicle in the most populous countries, including India, China and Indonesia.", "Motorcycling __knowledge__ In developing countries, motorcycles are overwhelmingly utilitarian due to lower prices and greater fuel economy.", "Motorcycling __knowledge__ Of all motorcycles, 58% are in the Asia Pacific and Southern and Eastern Asia regions, excluding car-centric Japan.", "Motorcycling __knowledge__ Motorcycles are mainly a luxury good in developed nations, where they are used mostly for recreation, as a lifestyle accessory or a symbol of personal identity.", "Motorcycle safety __knowledge__ Motorcycle safety concerns many aspects of vehicle and equipment design as well as operator skill and training that are unique to motorcycle riding.", "Motorcycle safety __knowledge__ According to the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), in 2006, 13.10 cars out of 100,000 ended up in fatal crashes.", "Motorcycle safety __knowledge__ The rate for motorcycles is 72.34 per 100,000 registered motorcycles.", "Motorcycle safety __knowledge__ Motorcycles also have a higher fatality rate per unit of distance travelled when compared with automobiles.", "Motorcycle safety __knowledge__ Per vehicle mile traveled, motorcyclists' risk of a fatal crash is 35 times greater than a passenger car.", "Motorcycle safety __knowledge__ In 2004, figures from the UK Department for Transport indicated that motorcycles have 16 times the rate of serious injuries compared to cars.", "Light rail __knowledge__ Light rail, light rail transit (LRT), or fast tram is urban public transport using rolling stock similar to a tramway, but operating at a higher capacity, and often on an exclusive right-of-way.", "Light rail __knowledge__ There is no standard definition, but in the United States (where the terminology was devised in the 1970s from the engineering term \"light railway\"), light rail operates primarily along exclusive rights-of-way and uses either individual tramcars or multiple units coupled to form a train that is lower capacity and lower speed than a long heavy passenger train or metro system.", "Light rail __knowledge__ A few light rail networks tend to have characteristics closer to rapid transit or even commuter rail; some of these heavier rapid transit-like systems are referred to as light metros.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The economic history of the United States is about characteristics of and important developments in the U.S. economy from colonial times to the present.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The emphasis is on economic performance and how it was affected by new technologies, the change of size in economic sectors and the effects of legislation and government policy.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ Specialized business history is covered in American business history.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ The colonial economy differed significantly from that of most other regions in that land and natural resources were abundant in America but labor was scarce.", "Economic history of the United States __knowledge__ From 1700 to 1775 the output of the thirteen colonies increased 12 fold, giving the colonies an economy about 30% the size of Britain's at the time of independence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ A motorcycle often called a bike, motorbike, or cycle is a two- or three-wheeled motor vehicle.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ Motorcycle design varies greatly to suit a range of different purposes: long distance travel, commuting, cruising, sport including racing, and off-road riding.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ Motorcycling is riding a motorcycle and related social activity such as joining a motorcycle club and attending motorcycle rallies.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ In 1894, Hildebrand & Wolfmüller became the first series production motorcycle, and the first to be called a motorcycle.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ In 2014, the three top motorcycle producers globally by volume were Honda, Yamaha (both from Japan), and Hero MotoCorp (India).", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ In developing countries, motorcycles are overwhelmingly utilitarian due to lower prices and greater fuel economy.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ Of all the motorcycles in the world, 58% are in the Asia-Pacific and Southern and Eastern Asia regions, excluding car-centric Japan.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ According to the United States Department of Transportation the number of fatalities per vehicle mile traveled was 37 times higher for motorcycles than for cars.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ The term motorcycle has different legal definitions depending on jurisdiction (see #Legal definitions and restrictions).", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ There are three major types of motorcycle: street, off-road, and dual purpose.", "New York State Route 878 __knowledge__ New York State Route 878 (NY 878) is a state highway in the U.S. state of New York, forming the Nassau Expressway.", "New York State Route 878 __knowledge__ The route exists in two sections.", "New York State Route 878 __knowledge__ NY 878's western terminus is the Belt Parkway and Conduit Avenue (NY 27) in Ozone Park, within southern Queens.", "New York State Route 878 __knowledge__ Its southern terminus is Atlantic Beach Bridge in Lawrence, within southwestern Nassau County.", "New York State Route 878 __knowledge__ NY 878 is discontinuous between Farmers Boulevard in Queens and the town of Inwood in Nassau County.", "New York State Route 878 __knowledge__ The two sections are connected to each other by Rockaway Boulevard and Rockaway Turnpike.", "New York State Route 878 __knowledge__ NY 878 is maintained in part by the New York City Department of Transportation (NYCDOT); the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT); and the government of Nassau County.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ The 2016 presidential campaign of Donald Trump was formally launched on June 16, 2015, at Trump Tower in New York City.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump was the Republican nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election, having won the most state primaries, caucuses, and delegates at the 2016 Republican National Convention.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ He chose Mike Pence, the sitting Governor of Indiana, as his vice presidential running mate.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ On November 8, 2016, Trump and Pence were elected president and vice president of the United States.", "Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016 __knowledge__ Trump's populist positions in opposition to illegal immigration and various trade agreements, such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership, earned him support especially among voters who were male, white, blue-collar and those without college degrees.", "Corporate average fuel economy __knowledge__ The Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards are regulations in the United States, first enacted by the United States Congress in 1975, after the 1973-74 Arab Oil Embargo, to improve the average fuel economy of cars and light trucks (trucks, vans and sport utility vehicles) produced for sale in the United States.", "Corporate average fuel economy __knowledge__ The Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA), as amended by the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA), requires that the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) establish standards separately for passenger automobiles (passenger cars) and nonpassenger automobiles (light trucks) at the maximum feasible levels in each model year, and requires that DOT enforce compliance with the standards.", "Fuel economy in automobiles __knowledge__ The fuel economy of an automobile is the relationship between the distance traveled and the amount of fuel consumed by the vehicle.", "Fuel economy in automobiles __knowledge__ Consumption can be expressed in terms of volume of fuel to travel a distance, or the distance travelled per unit volume of fuel consumed.", "Fuel economy in automobiles __knowledge__ Since fuel consumption of vehicles is a significant factor in air pollution, and since importation of motor fuel can be a large part of a nation's foreign trade, many countries impose requirements for fuel economy.", "Fuel economy in automobiles __knowledge__ Different methods are used to approximate the actual performance of the vehicle.", "Fuel economy in automobiles __knowledge__ The energy in fuel is required to overcome various losses (wind resistance, tire drag, and others) encountered while propelling the vehicle, and in providing power to vehicle systems such as ignition or air conditioning.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ The Chevrolet Volt is a plug-in hybrid car manufactured by General Motors, also marketed in rebadged variants as the Buick Velite 5 in China, Holden Volt in Australia and New Zealand, and with a different fascia as the Vauxhall Ampera in the United Kingdom and as the Opel Ampera in the remainder of Europe.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ Sales of the 2011 Volt began in the United States in mid-December 2010, followed by various European countries and other international markets in 2011.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ Global combined Volt/Ampera family sales totaled about 134,500 units by the end of December 2016.", "Chevrolet Volt __knowledge__ The U.S. is the leading market, with 113,489 Volts delivered, followed by Canada with 8,884 Volts sold through November 2016.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ A plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) is any motor vehicle that can be recharged from an external source of electricity, such as wall sockets, and the electricity stored in the rechargeable battery packs drives or contributes to drive the wheels.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ PEV is a subset of electric vehicles that includes all-electric or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs), and electric vehicle conversions of hybrid electric vehicles and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ In China, plug-in electric vehicles are called new energy vehicles (NEVs).", "Plug-in electric vehicle __knowledge__ Plug-in cars have several benefits compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.", "Fuel efficiency __knowledge__ Fuel efficiency is a form of thermal efficiency, meaning the ratio from effort to result of a process that converts chemical potential energy contained in a carrier (fuel) into kinetic energy or work.", "Fuel efficiency __knowledge__ Overall fuel efficiency may vary per device, which in turn may vary per application fuel efficiency, especially fossil fuel power plants or industries dealing with combustion, such as ammonia production during the Haber process.", "Fuel efficiency __knowledge__ In the context of transport, fuel economy is the energy efficiency of a particular vehicle, given as a ratio of distance traveled per unit of fuel consumed.", "Fuel efficiency __knowledge__ It is dependent on engine efficiency, transmission design, and tire design.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a type of hybrid vehicle that combines a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) system with an electric propulsion system (hybrid vehicle drivetrain).", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The presence of the electric powertrain is intended to achieve either better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle or better performance.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ There is a variety of HEV types, and the degree to which each functions as an electric vehicle (EV) also varies.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The most common form of HEV is the hybrid electric car, although hybrid electric trucks (pickups and tractors) and buses also exist.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ Modern HEVs make use of efficiency-improving technologies such as regenerative brakes which convert the vehicle's kinetic energy to electric energy to charge the battery.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ Volkswagen ( - ), shortened to VW, is a German automaker founded on May 28, 1937 by the German Labour Front under Adolf Hitler and headquartered in Wolfsburg.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ It is the flagship marque of the Volkswagen Group, the largest automaker by worldwide sales in 2016.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ \"Volkswagen\" is German for \"people's car\", and the company's current international advertising slogan is just \"Volkswagen\".", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ American English pronunciation is approximately \"volks wagon\" ().", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ Volkswagen was originally established in 1937 by the German Labour Front (Deutsche Arbeitsfront) in Berlin.", "Volkswagen __knowledge__ In the early 1930s, the German auto industry was still largely composed of luxury models, and the average German could rarely afford anything more than a motorcycle." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ A motorcycle often called a bike, motorbike, or cycle is a two- or three-wheeled motor vehicle.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ Motorcycle design varies greatly to suit a range of different purposes: long distance travel, commuting, cruising, sport including racing, and off-road riding.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ Motorcycling is riding a motorcycle and related social activity such as joining a motorcycle club and attending motorcycle rallies.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ In 1894, Hildebrand & Wolfmüller became the first series production motorcycle, and the first to be called a motorcycle.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ In 2014, the three top motorcycle producers globally by volume were Honda, Yamaha (both from Japan), and Hero MotoCorp (India).", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ In developing countries, motorcycles are overwhelmingly utilitarian due to lower prices and greater fuel economy.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ Of all the motorcycles in the world, 58% are in the Asia-Pacific and Southern and Eastern Asia regions, excluding car-centric Japan.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ According to the United States Department of Transportation the number of fatalities per vehicle mile traveled was 37 times higher for motorcycles than for cars.", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ The term motorcycle has different legal definitions depending on jurisdiction (see #Legal definitions and restrictions).", "Motorcycle __knowledge__ There are three major types of motorcycle: street, off-road, and dual purpose.", "Vishwajit Pratapsingh Rane __knowledge__ Vishwajit Pratapsingh Rane (born 23 March is an Indian politician and a cabinet Minister in the Government of Goa headed by Manohar Parrikar.", "Vishwajit Pratapsingh Rane __knowledge__ He is the son of Pratapsingh Raoji Rane who is a former Chief Minister of Goa and an incumbent Indian National Congress party MLA in the Goa Legislative Assembly.", "Vishwajit Pratapsingh Rane __knowledge__ Vishwajit Rane was the Minister of Health, Agriculture & Craftsmen Training in the Government of Goa led by Digambar Kamat from June 2007 to March 2012.", "Vishwajit Pratapsingh Rane __knowledge__ Rane resigned as the MLA of the Valpoi Constituency and also from the Indian National Congress on 16 March 2017.", "Vishwajit Pratapsingh Rane __knowledge__ He later joined the Bharatiya Janata Party on 7 April 2017 and was sworn in as a Cabinet Minister on 12 April 2017 in the cabinet led by Manohar Parrikar.", "Motocross __knowledge__ Motocross is a form of off-road motorcycle racing held on enclosed off-road circuits.", "Motocross __knowledge__ The sport evolved from motorcycle trials competitions held in the United Kingdom.", "Motocross __knowledge__ Motocross first evolved in the U.K. from motorcycle trials competitions, such as the Auto-Cycle Clubs's first quarterly trial in 1909 and the Scottish Six Days Trial that began in 1912.", "Motocross __knowledge__ When organisers dispensed with delicate balancing and strict scoring of trials in favour of a race to become the fastest rider to the finish, the activity became known as \"scrambles\", said to have originated in the phrase, \"a rare old scramble\" describing one such early race.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ Double Dare is an American television game show on which two teams compete to win cash and prizes by answering trivia questions and completing messy stunts known as physical challenges.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ Hosted by Marc Summers, the program premiered on Nickelodeon on October 6, 1986, as its first game show.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ The series saw many adjustments in scheduling and titling throughout its run.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ A continuation for syndication premiered on February 22, 1988, later revamped as \"Super Sloppy Double Dare\" on January 22, 1989.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ The program also had a short run on Fox as \"Family Double Dare\", airing from April 3 to July 23, 1988.", "Double Dare (Nickelodeon game show) __knowledge__ Nickelodeon continued \"Family Double Dare\", premiering a new version on October 6, 1990.", "Women's Professional Motocross __knowledge__ Motocross is an off road racing sport that is raced on a dirt bike around a track, there are multiple riders going around at a time and the first person to complete the required number of laps in the shortest period of time wins.", "Women's Professional Motocross __knowledge__ The women's motocross league is separate from men's motocross because of the different rules, and also the different bike sizes.", "Women's Professional Motocross __knowledge__ Women generally race bikes that are 125cc or 250cc because they are not big enough to ride a 450cc.", "Women's Professional Motocross __knowledge__ These differences make it hard for men and women to compete together however it is done and is allowed.", "Women's Professional Motocross __knowledge__ Women compete in the AMA races but rarely make it into the main event because their practice laps and heat laps are not fast enough.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ BMX racing is a type of off-road bicycle racing.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ The format of BMX was derived from motocross racing.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ BMX bicycle races are sprint races on purpose-built off-road single-lap race tracks.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ The track usually consists of a starting gate for up to eight racers, a groomed, serpentine, dirt race course made of various jumps and rollers and a finish line.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ The course is usually flat, about wide and has large banked corners that help the riders maintain speed.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ The sport of BMX racing is facilitated by a number of regional and international sanctioning bodies.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ They provide rules for sanctioning the conduct of the flying, specify age group and skill-level classifications among the racers, and maintain some kind of points-accumulation system over the racing season.", "Alex Udinov __knowledge__ Alexandra \"Alex\" Udinov is one of the main characters on the television series \"Nikita\", portrayed by Lyndsy Fonseca.", "Alex Udinov __knowledge__ Many fans of \"Team Nikita\" (consisting of Nikita, Michael, Birkhoff, Sean, Ryan, and Owen) consider Alex as the baby of the \"family,\" this is because Alex, being the youngest of the group, when her walls are down, can behave childlike and callow.", "Alex Udinov __knowledge__ Alex is the daughter of the late Russian oligarch Nikolai Udinov and his wife who were murdered by Division, on orders of Sergei Semak, when Alex was a child.", "Alex Udinov __knowledge__ Udinov owned the billion-dollar company Zetrov, of which Alex was the sole heir.", "Hawkstone Park Motocross Circuit __knowledge__ Hawkstone Park Motocross Circuit, typically referred to as Hawkstone Park or Hawkstone, is a motocross circuit situated near Market Drayton, north Shropshire, England.", "Hawkstone Park Motocross Circuit __knowledge__ The circuit is arguably one of the world's most famous motocross circuits, having staged many grand prix and international events from the 1950s, right through until the present day.", "Hawkstone Park Motocross Circuit __knowledge__ The Hawkstone circuit is approximately long (although the layout can be shortened for youth or clubman events if required).", "Hawkstone Park Motocross Circuit __knowledge__ It is famous for the track surface, which consists of deep, loamy sand.", "Hawkstone Park Motocross Circuit __knowledge__ During the course of a race meeting, the circuit becomes very rough and bumpy, testing the skill of riders.", "Cromwell tank __knowledge__ The Cromwell tank, officially Tank, Cruiser, Mk VIII, Cromwell (A27M), was one of the series of cruiser tanks fielded by Britain in the Second World War.", "Cromwell tank __knowledge__ Named after the English Civil War leader Oliver Cromwell, the Cromwell was the first tank put into service by the British to combine high speed from a powerful and reliable engine (the Rolls-Royce Meteor), and reasonable armour.", "Cromwell tank __knowledge__ However the originally proposed dual-purpose high velocity gun could not be fitted in the turret and the medium velocity dual purpose gun fitted proved inadequate.", "Cromwell tank __knowledge__ An improved version with a high velocity gun became the Comet tank.", "Dual-sport motorcycle __knowledge__ A dual-sport motorcycle is a type of street-legal motorcycle that is designed for both on and off-road use.", "Dual-sport motorcycle __knowledge__ The terms all-road on/off road dual-purpose are also used for this class of motorcycles.", "Dual-sport motorcycle __knowledge__ Dual-sports are equipped with street-legal equipment such as lights, speedometer, mirrors, horn, license plate mounting, and muffler and can, therefore, be registered and licensed.", "Dual-sport motorcycle __knowledge__ The concept of a versatile motorcycle equally at home on dirt and pavement is as old as motorcycling itself.", "Dual-sport motorcycle __knowledge__ Most roads were still unpaved when motorized bicycles first appeared around 1900.", "Dual-sport motorcycle __knowledge__ In a sense, all motorcycles at that time were dual-sports, intended to be used on dirt as well as pavement.", "List of hop varieties __knowledge__ This is a list of varieties of hop (\"Humulus lupulus\").", "List of hop varieties __knowledge__ As there are male and female plants, the flowers (cones) of the female plant are fertilized by the pollen of the male flowers with the result that the female flowers form seeds.", "List of hop varieties __knowledge__ These seeds are eaten by birds and hence spread over vast distances.", "List of hop varieties __knowledge__ Hops, specifically their female plants, have been grown as a commercial crop for the brewing industry for many centuries in many countries.", "List of hop varieties __knowledge__ The first documented mention of a hop garden is in the will of Pepyn III.", "List of hop varieties __knowledge__ The first breeding of different hop varieties took place at Wye College in Kent, England by E. S. Salmon in 1919 when he bred the varieties \"Brewer's Gold\" and \"Bullion\".", "Dual carriageway __knowledge__ A dual carriageway (British English) or divided highway (American English) is a class of highway with carriageways for traffic travelling in opposite directions separated by a central reservation.", "Dual carriageway __knowledge__ Roads with two or more carriageways which are designed to higher standards with controlled access are generally classed as motorways, freeways, etc., rather than dual carriageways.", "Dual carriageway __knowledge__ A road without a central reservation is a single carriageway regardless of the number of lanes.", "Dual carriageway __knowledge__ Dual carriageways have improved road traffic safety over single carriageways and typically have higher speed limits as a result.", "5"/38 caliber gun __knowledge__ The Mark 12 5\"/38 caliber gun was a United States naval gun.", "5"/38 caliber gun __knowledge__ The gun was installed into Single Purpose and Dual Purpose mounts used primarily by the US Navy.", "5"/38 caliber gun __knowledge__ On these 5\" mounts, Single Purpose (SP) means that the mount is limited to 35° elevation with no provision for AA shell fuze setters, and is designed to fire at surface targets only, while Dual Purpose (DP) means that it is designed to be effective against both surface and aircraft targets because it can elevate to 85° and has on mount AA shell fuze setters.", "5"/38 caliber gun __knowledge__ The 38 caliber barrel was a mid-length compromise between the previous United States standard 5\"/51 low-angle gun and 5\"/25 anti-aircraft gun.", "Harley-Davidson __knowledge__ Harley-Davidson, Inc. (H-D), or Harley, is an American motorcycle manufacturer, founded in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 1903.", "Harley-Davidson __knowledge__ One of two major American motorcycle manufacturers to survive the Great Depression (along with Indian), the company has survived numerous ownership arrangements, subsidiary arrangements (e.g., Aermacchi 1974-1978 and Buell 1987-2009), periods of poor economic health and product quality, as well as intense global competition, to become one of the world's largest motorcycle manufacturers and an iconic brand widely known for its loyal following.", "Harley-Davidson __knowledge__ There are owner clubs and events worldwide as well as a company-sponsored brand-focused museum." ] ]

[ 8, 6, 10, 51 ]

[ "So it turns out that according to the US Department of Transportation, the fatality per mile rate for motorcycles is 37 times higher than for cars. That's pretty crazy.", "That's definitely understandable, but it might be worth the risk, due to their lower prices and greater fuel economy.", "Well that depends on what kind of motorcycle you're talking about. There are three major types: street, off-road, and dual purpose.", "Personally I think a dual-sport motorcycle would be the way to go, since they're designed for both on and off-road use. You never know when you might need to take it off of the street sometimes, right?" ]

[ "Motorcycle", "Motorcycle", "Motorcycle", "Motorcycle" ]

[ "Headphones\nDo you use headphones? I'm considering investing in a good set for travel.", "I've heard those are the best. What should I consider when I purchase?", "I have earbuds but thought headphones would give me better sound and would drown out other noise. What do you think?", "That's great. I mean, I use my earbuds all the time, but when I travel, I like to not hear outside noise. I love the Bose brand." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones (or head-phones in the early days of telephony and radio) are a pair of small loudspeaker drivers worn on or around the head over a user's ears.", "Headphones __knowledge__ They are electroacoustic transducers, which convert an electrical signal to a corresponding sound.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones let a single user listen to an audio source privately, in contrast to a loudspeaker, which emits sound into the open air for anyone nearby to hear.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones are also known as earspeakers, earphones or, colloquially, cans.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Circumaural and supra-aural headphones use a band over the top of the head to hold the speakers in place.", "Headphones __knowledge__ The other type, known as earbuds or earpieces consist of individual units that plug into the user's ear canal.", "Headphones __knowledge__ In the context of telecommunication, a headset is a combination of headphone and microphone.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones connect to a signal source such as an audio amplifier, radio, CD player, portable media player, mobile phone, video game console, or electronic musical instrument, either directly using a cord, or using wireless technology such as bluetooth, DECT or FM radio.", "Headphones __knowledge__ The first headphones were developed in the late 19th century for use by telephone operators, to keep their hands free.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Initially the audio quality was mediocre and a step forward was the invention of high fidelity headphones.", "Disc jockey __knowledge__ A disc jockey (DJ) is a person who plays existing recorded music for a live audience.", "Disc jockey __knowledge__ Most common types of DJs include radio DJ, club DJ who performs at a nightclub or Music festival and turntablist who uses record players, usually turntable, to manipulate sounds on the phonograph record.", "Disc jockey __knowledge__ Originally, the \"disc\" in \"disc jockey\" referred to gramophone records, but now \"DJ\" is used as an all-encompassing term to describe someone who mixes recorded music from any source, including vinyl records, cassettes, CDs, or digital audio files stored on USB stick or laptop.", "Disc jockey __knowledge__ DJs typically perform for a live audience in a nightclub or dance club or a TV, radio broadcast audience, or in the 2010s, an online radio audience.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ Bose Corporation produces headphones for consumer, aviation and military use.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ The models range includes in-ear headphones, mobile headsets, supra-aural headphones, Circumaural headphones and military/aviation headsets.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ The company was the first to release active noise cancelling headphones as a consumer product.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ Bose's consumer range of active noise-cancelling headphones are called \"QuietComfort\".", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ For industrial noise-cancelling applications, Bose produces the A20 Aviation Headset, Space Shuttle Headset and Combat Vehicle Crewman Headset.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ According to Bose, the company started noise-cancellation involvement after Dr. Amar Bose went on a 1978 flight to Europe, and \"was trying out new set of airline-supplied headphones and found that he couldn't really enjoy the sound with the roar of engines in the background\".", "Stage monitor system __knowledge__ Stage monitor systems are speakers on stage pointing towards the performers to help them hear themselves.", "Stage monitor system __knowledge__ Monitor speakers are useful when amplified instruments are used with acoustic instruments and voice.", "Stage monitor system __knowledge__ Monitor speakers typically have their own power amplifier(s) and equalizers.", "Stage monitor system __knowledge__ They are driven by a separate mix from the main or front of house system.", "Stage monitor system __knowledge__ This mix typically highlights the vocals and acoustic instruments so they can be heard over the electronic instruments and drums.", "Stage monitor system __knowledge__ The collection of monitor speakers, amplifiers, equalizers and monitor mixer if used is called the stage monitor system or simply monitors.", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ This is a list of headphone products sold by the Bose Corporation that have been discontinued.", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ The Bose QuietComfort Headphones (also now known as the QC1) was the very first consumer level headphones released by the company in 2000.", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ The Bose QuietComfort Headphones came with To address some of the concerns with the QuietComfort Headphones, in 2003, Bose released their successor, the Bose QuietComfort 2 Headphones (also now known as the QC2).", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ Like its predecessor, the QuietComfort 2 Headphones retailed at a suggested price of 299 USD in the US and approximately 480 USD in Europe (£275).", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ Changes from the original QuietComfort Headphones include: There is a trade in program for previous owners wishing to upgrade to the QuietComfort headphones.", "Binaural recording __knowledge__ Binaural recording is a method of recording sound that uses two microphones, arranged with the intent to create a 3-D stereo sound sensation for the listener of actually being in the room with the performers or instruments.", "Binaural recording __knowledge__ This effect is often created using a technique known as \"dummy head recording\", wherein a mannequin head is outfitted with a microphone in each ear.", "Binaural recording __knowledge__ Binaural recording is intended for replay using headphones and will not translate properly over stereo speakers.", "Binaural recording __knowledge__ This idea of a three dimensional or \"internal\" form of sound has also translated into useful advancement of technology in many things such as stethoscopes creating \"in-head\" acoustics and IMAX movies being able to create a three dimensional acoustic experience.", "Mixing console __knowledge__ In sound recording and reproduction, and sound reinforcement systems, a mixing console is an electronic device for combining sounds of many different audio signals.", "Mixing console __knowledge__ Inputs to the console include microphones being used by singers and for picking up acoustic instruments, signals from electric or electronic instruments, or recorded music.", "Mixing console __knowledge__ Depending on the type, a mixer is able to control analog or digital signals.", "Mixing console __knowledge__ The modified signals are summed to produce the combined output signals, which can then be broadcast, amplified through a sound reinforcement system or recorded.", "Mixing console __knowledge__ Mixing consoles are used in many applications, including recording studios, public address systems, sound reinforcement systems, nightclubs, broadcasting, television, and film post-production." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones (or head-phones in the early days of telephony and radio) are a pair of small loudspeaker drivers worn on or around the head over a user's ears.", "Headphones __knowledge__ They are electroacoustic transducers, which convert an electrical signal to a corresponding sound.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones let a single user listen to an audio source privately, in contrast to a loudspeaker, which emits sound into the open air for anyone nearby to hear.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones are also known as earspeakers, earphones or, colloquially, cans.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Circumaural and supra-aural headphones use a band over the top of the head to hold the speakers in place.", "Headphones __knowledge__ The other type, known as earbuds or earpieces consist of individual units that plug into the user's ear canal.", "Headphones __knowledge__ In the context of telecommunication, a headset is a combination of headphone and microphone.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones connect to a signal source such as an audio amplifier, radio, CD player, portable media player, mobile phone, video game console, or electronic musical instrument, either directly using a cord, or using wireless technology such as bluetooth, DECT or FM radio.", "Headphones __knowledge__ The first headphones were developed in the late 19th century for use by telephone operators, to keep their hands free.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Initially the audio quality was mediocre and a step forward was the invention of high fidelity headphones.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ A touchpoint can be defined as any way a consumer can interact with a business, whether it be person-to-person, through a website, an app or any form of communication (“Touchpoint Glossary”, n.d.).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ When consumers come in contact with these touchpoints it gives them the opportunity to compare their prior perceptions of the business and form an opinion (Stein, & Ramaseshan, 2016).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints in marketing communications are the varying ways that a brand interacts and displays information to prospective customers and current customers.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints allow customers to have experiences every time they “touch’ any part of the product, service, brand or organization, across multiple channels and various points in time (Pantano and Milena, 2015 and Zomerdijk and Voss, 2010).", "Consumer behaviour __knowledge__ Consumer behaviour is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and all the activities associated with the purchase, use and disposal of goods and services, including the consumer's emotional, mental and behavioural responses that precede or follow these activities.", "Consumer behaviour __knowledge__ Consumer behaviour emerged in the 1940s and 50s as a distinct sub-discipline in the marketing area.", "Consumer behaviour __knowledge__ Consumer behaviour is an inter-disciplinary social science that blends elements from psychology, sociology, social anthropology, ethnography, marketing and economics, especially behavioural economics.", "Consumer behaviour __knowledge__ It examines how emotions, attitudes and preferences affect buying behaviour.", "Marketing communications __knowledge__ Marketing communications (MC, marcom, marcomm) uses different marketing channels and tools in combination: Marketing communication channels focuses on any way a business communicates a message to its desired market, or the market in general.", "Marketing communications __knowledge__ A marketing communication tool can be anything from: advertising, personal selling, direct marketing, sponsorship, communication, promotion and public relations.", "Marketing communications __knowledge__ MC are made up of the marketing mix which is made up of the 4P's: Price, Promotion, Place and Product, for a business selling goods, and made up of the 7P's: Price, Promotion, Place, Product, People, Physical evidence and Process, for a service based business.", "Advertising management __knowledge__ Advertising management is a planned managerial process designed to oversee and control the various advertising activities involved in a program to communicate with a firm's target market and which is ultimately designed to influence the consumer's purchase decisions.", "Advertising management __knowledge__ Advertising is just one element in a company's promotional mix and as such, must be integrated with the overall marketing communications program.", "Advertising management __knowledge__ Advertising is, however, the most expensive of all the promotional elements and therefore must be managed with care and accountability.", "Advertising management __knowledge__ Marketers use different types of advertising.", "Advertising management __knowledge__ Brand advertising is defined as a non-personal communication message placed in a paid, mass medium designed to persuade target consumers of a product or service benefits in an effort to induce them to make a purchase.", "Analytic hierarchy process – car example __knowledge__ This is a worked-through example showing the use of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in a practical decision situation.", "Analytic hierarchy process – car example __knowledge__ See Analytic hierarchy process#Practical examples for context for this example.", "Analytic hierarchy process – car example __knowledge__ Teachers and users of the AHP know that the best way to understand it is to work through an example.", "Analytic hierarchy process – car example __knowledge__ The example below shows how a broad range of considerations can be managed through use of the analytic hierarchy process.", "Analytic hierarchy process – car example __knowledge__ The decision at hand requires a reasonably complex hierarchy to describe.", "Analytic hierarchy process – car example __knowledge__ It involves factors from the tangible and precisely measurable (purchase price, passenger capacity, cargo capacity), through the tangible but difficult to measure (maintenance costs, fuel costs, resale value) to the intangible and totally subjective (style).", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II procurement __knowledge__ Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II procurement is the planned selection and purchase of the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II, also known as the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) by various countries.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 Lightning II was conceived from the start of the project as having participation from many countries, most of which would both contribute to the manufacture of the aircraft and procure it for their own armed forces.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II procurement __knowledge__ While the United States is the primary customer and financial backer, the United Kingdom, Italy, the Netherlands, Canada, Turkey, Australia, Norway and Denmark have agreed to contribute US$4.375 billion toward the development costs of the program.", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ Bose Corporation is a privately held American corporation, based in Framingham, Massachusetts, that designs, develops and sells audio equipment.", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ Founded in 1964 by Amar Bose, the company sells its products throughout the world.", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ According to the company annual report in the 2017 financial year, Bose received revenue of US$3.8 billion and employed more than 8,000 people.", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ Bose is best known for its home audio systems and speakers, noise cancelling headphones, professional audio systems and automobile sound systems.", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ The company has also conducted research into suspension technologies for cars and heavy-duty trucks and into the subject of cold fusion.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ Bose Corporation produces headphones for consumer, aviation and military use.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ The models range includes in-ear headphones, mobile headsets, supra-aural headphones, Circumaural headphones and military/aviation headsets.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ The company was the first to release active noise cancelling headphones as a consumer product.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ Bose's consumer range of active noise-cancelling headphones are called \"QuietComfort\".", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ For industrial noise-cancelling applications, Bose produces the A20 Aviation Headset, Space Shuttle Headset and Combat Vehicle Crewman Headset.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ According to Bose, the company started noise-cancellation involvement after Dr. Amar Bose went on a 1978 flight to Europe, and \"was trying out new set of airline-supplied headphones and found that he couldn't really enjoy the sound with the roar of engines in the background\".", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ This is a list of headphone products sold by the Bose Corporation that have been discontinued.", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ The Bose QuietComfort Headphones (also now known as the QC1) was the very first consumer level headphones released by the company in 2000.", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ The Bose QuietComfort Headphones came with To address some of the concerns with the QuietComfort Headphones, in 2003, Bose released their successor, the Bose QuietComfort 2 Headphones (also now known as the QC2).", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ Like its predecessor, the QuietComfort 2 Headphones retailed at a suggested price of 299 USD in the US and approximately 480 USD in Europe (£275).", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ Changes from the original QuietComfort Headphones include: There is a trade in program for previous owners wishing to upgrade to the QuietComfort headphones.", "Disc jockey __knowledge__ A disc jockey (DJ) is a person who plays existing recorded music for a live audience.", "Disc jockey __knowledge__ Most common types of DJs include radio DJ, club DJ who performs at a nightclub or Music festival and turntablist who uses record players, usually turntable, to manipulate sounds on the phonograph record.", "Disc jockey __knowledge__ Originally, the \"disc\" in \"disc jockey\" referred to gramophone records, but now \"DJ\" is used as an all-encompassing term to describe someone who mixes recorded music from any source, including vinyl records, cassettes, CDs, or digital audio files stored on USB stick or laptop.", "Disc jockey __knowledge__ DJs typically perform for a live audience in a nightclub or dance club or a TV, radio broadcast audience, or in the 2010s, an online radio audience.", "New Order (Nazism) __knowledge__ The New Order (German: \"Neuordnung\"), or the New Order of Europe (German: \"Neuordnung Europas\"), was the political order which Nazi Germany wanted to impose on the conquered areas under its dominion.", "New Order (Nazism) __knowledge__ The establishment of the New Order had already begun long before the start of World War II, but was publicly proclaimed by Adolf Hitler in 1941: Among other things, it entailed the creation of a pan-German racial state structured according to Nazi ideology to ensure the supremacy of an Aryan-Nordic master race, massive territorial expansion into Eastern Europe through its colonization with German settlers, the physical annihilation of the Jews and others considered to be \"unworthy of life\" and the extermination, expulsion or enslavement of most of the Slavic peoples and others regarded as \"racially inferior\".", "Subhas Chandra Bose __knowledge__ Subhas Chandra Bose (23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945) was an Indian nationalist whose defiant patriotism made him a hero in India, but whose attempt during World War II to rid India of British rule with the help of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan left a troubled legacy.", "Subhas Chandra Bose __knowledge__ The honorific Netaji (Hindustani: \"Respected Leader\"), first applied in early 1942 to Bose in Germany by the Indian soldiers of the \"Indische Legion\" and by the German and Indian officials in the Special Bureau for India in Berlin, was later used throughout India.", "Subhas Chandra Bose __knowledge__ Bose had been a leader of the younger, radical, wing of the Indian National Congress in the late 1920s and 1930s, rising to become Congress President in 1938 and 1939." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones (or head-phones in the early days of telephony and radio) are a pair of small loudspeaker drivers worn on or around the head over a user's ears.", "Headphones __knowledge__ They are electroacoustic transducers, which convert an electrical signal to a corresponding sound.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones let a single user listen to an audio source privately, in contrast to a loudspeaker, which emits sound into the open air for anyone nearby to hear.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones are also known as earspeakers, earphones or, colloquially, cans.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Circumaural and supra-aural headphones use a band over the top of the head to hold the speakers in place.", "Headphones __knowledge__ The other type, known as earbuds or earpieces consist of individual units that plug into the user's ear canal.", "Headphones __knowledge__ In the context of telecommunication, a headset is a combination of headphone and microphone.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones connect to a signal source such as an audio amplifier, radio, CD player, portable media player, mobile phone, video game console, or electronic musical instrument, either directly using a cord, or using wireless technology such as bluetooth, DECT or FM radio.", "Headphones __knowledge__ The first headphones were developed in the late 19th century for use by telephone operators, to keep their hands free.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Initially the audio quality was mediocre and a step forward was the invention of high fidelity headphones.", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ This is a list of headphone products sold by the Bose Corporation that have been discontinued.", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ The Bose QuietComfort Headphones (also now known as the QC1) was the very first consumer level headphones released by the company in 2000.", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ The Bose QuietComfort Headphones came with To address some of the concerns with the QuietComfort Headphones, in 2003, Bose released their successor, the Bose QuietComfort 2 Headphones (also now known as the QC2).", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ Like its predecessor, the QuietComfort 2 Headphones retailed at a suggested price of 299 USD in the US and approximately 480 USD in Europe (£275).", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ Changes from the original QuietComfort Headphones include: There is a trade in program for previous owners wishing to upgrade to the QuietComfort headphones.", "Hearables __knowledge__ Hearables or Smart headphones are technically advanced, electronic in-ear-devices designed for multiple purposes ranging from wireless transmission to communication objectives, medical monitoring and fitness tracking.", "Hearables __knowledge__ Hearables are therefore a manifestation of the concept of ubiquitous computing.", "Hearables __knowledge__ The neologism \"hearable\" is a hybrid of the terms wearable and headphone, as hearables combine major assets of wearable technology with the basic principle of audio-based information services, conventional rendition of music and wireless telecommunication.", "Hearables __knowledge__ The term was introduced in April 2014 simultaneously by Apple in the context of the company's acquisition of Beats Electronics and product designer and wireless application specialist Nick Hunn in a blogpost for a wearable technologies internet platform.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ Bose Corporation produces headphones for consumer, aviation and military use.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ The models range includes in-ear headphones, mobile headsets, supra-aural headphones, Circumaural headphones and military/aviation headsets.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ The company was the first to release active noise cancelling headphones as a consumer product.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ Bose's consumer range of active noise-cancelling headphones are called \"QuietComfort\".", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ For industrial noise-cancelling applications, Bose produces the A20 Aviation Headset, Space Shuttle Headset and Combat Vehicle Crewman Headset.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ According to Bose, the company started noise-cancellation involvement after Dr. Amar Bose went on a 1978 flight to Europe, and \"was trying out new set of airline-supplied headphones and found that he couldn't really enjoy the sound with the roar of engines in the background\".", "Beats Electronics __knowledge__ Beats Electronics (formerly Beats by Dr. Dre, or simply Beats by Dre) is a subsidiary of Apple Inc. that produces audio products.", "Beats Electronics __knowledge__ Headquartered in Culver City, California, U.S., the company was founded by music producer and rapper Dr. Dre and former Interscope Geffen A&M Records chairman Jimmy Iovine.", "Beats Electronics __knowledge__ The subsidiary's product line is primarily focused on headphones and speakers.", "Beats Electronics __knowledge__ The company's original product line was manufactured in partnership with the AV equipment company Monster Cable Products.", "Beats Electronics __knowledge__ Following the end of its contract with the company, Beats took further development of its products in-house.", "List of Sony Walkman products __knowledge__ The following is a list of Sony Walkman products (but does not include cassette tape devices).", "List of Sony Walkman products __knowledge__ Sony expanded MiniDisc's possibilities with the introduction of NetMD (NetworkMD).", "List of Sony Walkman products __knowledge__ These allowed the use of a PC to convert music from CDs or MP3s into ATRAC3 format, and use a USB cable to transfer the music to the MiniDisc at a much faster rate than was possible when using a line-in cable.", "List of Sony Walkman products __knowledge__ The MZ-N10 was released in 2002.", "List of Sony Walkman products __knowledge__ It was Sony's '10th Anniversary' product, released 10 years after the introduction of the MiniDisc format in 1992.", "List of Sony Walkman products __knowledge__ The case was made from a magnesium alloy, and the unit featured a built-in lithium-ion battery which provided 24 hours of battery life.", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ Bose Corporation is a privately held American corporation, based in Framingham, Massachusetts, that designs, develops and sells audio equipment.", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ Founded in 1964 by Amar Bose, the company sells its products throughout the world.", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ According to the company annual report in the 2017 financial year, Bose received revenue of US$3.8 billion and employed more than 8,000 people.", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ Bose is best known for its home audio systems and speakers, noise cancelling headphones, professional audio systems and automobile sound systems.", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ The company has also conducted research into suspension technologies for cars and heavy-duty trucks and into the subject of cold fusion.", "Apple earbuds __knowledge__ Apple EarPods are white in-ear headphones included with music players and smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.", "Apple earbuds __knowledge__ They are designed to fit the ear while retaining a new design pushed by Apple alongside the iPod and iPod Touch products, with which they were sold together.", "Apple earbuds __knowledge__ The classic earbuds shipped with all iPods before the fifth generation of both the iPod touch and iPod nano, and the iPhone 5 (which are shipped with the newer Apple EarPods made in Taiwan rather than Japan).", "Apple earbuds __knowledge__ The first generation earbuds were packaged with the original iPod, on October 23, 2001.", "Apple earbuds __knowledge__ They are bundled with two pairs of foam covers.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ The psychology of art is an interdisciplinary field that studies the perception, cognition and characteristics of art and its production.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ For the use of art materials as a form of psychotherapy, see art therapy.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ The psychology of art is related to architectural psychology and environmental psychology.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ The work of Theodor Lipps, a Munich-based research psychologist, played an important role in the early development of the concept of \"art psychology\" in the early decade of the twentieth century.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ His most important contribution in this respect was his attempt to theorize the question of Einfuehlung or \"empathy\", a term that was to become a key element in many subsequent theories of \"art psychology\".", "Fridtjof Nansen __knowledge__ Fridtjof Nansen ( ; 10 October 1861 – 13 May 1930) was a Norwegian explorer, scientist, diplomat, humanitarian, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate.", "Fridtjof Nansen __knowledge__ In his youth he was a champion skier and ice skater.", "Fridtjof Nansen __knowledge__ He led the team that made the first crossing of the Greenland interior in 1888, traversing the island on cross-country skis.", "Fridtjof Nansen __knowledge__ He won international fame after reaching a record northern latitude of 86°14′ during his North Pole expedition of 1893–96.", "Fridtjof Nansen __knowledge__ Although he retired from exploration after his return to Norway, his techniques of polar travel and his innovations in equipment and clothing influenced a generation of subsequent Arctic and Antarctic expeditions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones (or head-phones in the early days of telephony and radio) are a pair of small loudspeaker drivers worn on or around the head over a user's ears.", "Headphones __knowledge__ They are electroacoustic transducers, which convert an electrical signal to a corresponding sound.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones let a single user listen to an audio source privately, in contrast to a loudspeaker, which emits sound into the open air for anyone nearby to hear.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones are also known as earspeakers, earphones or, colloquially, cans.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Circumaural and supra-aural headphones use a band over the top of the head to hold the speakers in place.", "Headphones __knowledge__ The other type, known as earbuds or earpieces consist of individual units that plug into the user's ear canal.", "Headphones __knowledge__ In the context of telecommunication, a headset is a combination of headphone and microphone.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Headphones connect to a signal source such as an audio amplifier, radio, CD player, portable media player, mobile phone, video game console, or electronic musical instrument, either directly using a cord, or using wireless technology such as bluetooth, DECT or FM radio.", "Headphones __knowledge__ The first headphones were developed in the late 19th century for use by telephone operators, to keep their hands free.", "Headphones __knowledge__ Initially the audio quality was mediocre and a step forward was the invention of high fidelity headphones.", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ This is a list of headphone products sold by the Bose Corporation that have been discontinued.", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ The Bose QuietComfort Headphones (also now known as the QC1) was the very first consumer level headphones released by the company in 2000.", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ The Bose QuietComfort Headphones came with To address some of the concerns with the QuietComfort Headphones, in 2003, Bose released their successor, the Bose QuietComfort 2 Headphones (also now known as the QC2).", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ Like its predecessor, the QuietComfort 2 Headphones retailed at a suggested price of 299 USD in the US and approximately 480 USD in Europe (£275).", "Discontinued Bose headphones __knowledge__ Changes from the original QuietComfort Headphones include: There is a trade in program for previous owners wishing to upgrade to the QuietComfort headphones.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ Bose Corporation produces headphones for consumer, aviation and military use.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ The models range includes in-ear headphones, mobile headsets, supra-aural headphones, Circumaural headphones and military/aviation headsets.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ The company was the first to release active noise cancelling headphones as a consumer product.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ Bose's consumer range of active noise-cancelling headphones are called \"QuietComfort\".", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ For industrial noise-cancelling applications, Bose produces the A20 Aviation Headset, Space Shuttle Headset and Combat Vehicle Crewman Headset.", "Bose headphones __knowledge__ According to Bose, the company started noise-cancellation involvement after Dr. Amar Bose went on a 1978 flight to Europe, and \"was trying out new set of airline-supplied headphones and found that he couldn't really enjoy the sound with the roar of engines in the background\".", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ Bose Corporation is a privately held American corporation, based in Framingham, Massachusetts, that designs, develops and sells audio equipment.", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ Founded in 1964 by Amar Bose, the company sells its products throughout the world.", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ According to the company annual report in the 2017 financial year, Bose received revenue of US$3.8 billion and employed more than 8,000 people.", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ Bose is best known for its home audio systems and speakers, noise cancelling headphones, professional audio systems and automobile sound systems.", "Bose Corporation __knowledge__ The company has also conducted research into suspension technologies for cars and heavy-duty trucks and into the subject of cold fusion.", "Beats Electronics __knowledge__ Beats Electronics (formerly Beats by Dr. Dre, or simply Beats by Dre) is a subsidiary of Apple Inc. that produces audio products.", "Beats Electronics __knowledge__ Headquartered in Culver City, California, U.S., the company was founded by music producer and rapper Dr. Dre and former Interscope Geffen A&M Records chairman Jimmy Iovine.", "Beats Electronics __knowledge__ The subsidiary's product line is primarily focused on headphones and speakers.", "Beats Electronics __knowledge__ The company's original product line was manufactured in partnership with the AV equipment company Monster Cable Products.", "Beats Electronics __knowledge__ Following the end of its contract with the company, Beats took further development of its products in-house.", "Subhas Chandra Bose __knowledge__ Subhas Chandra Bose (23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945) was an Indian nationalist whose defiant patriotism made him a hero in India, but whose attempt during World War II to rid India of British rule with the help of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan left a troubled legacy.", "Subhas Chandra Bose __knowledge__ The honorific Netaji (Hindustani: \"Respected Leader\"), first applied in early 1942 to Bose in Germany by the Indian soldiers of the \"Indische Legion\" and by the German and Indian officials in the Special Bureau for India in Berlin, was later used throughout India.", "Subhas Chandra Bose __knowledge__ Bose had been a leader of the younger, radical, wing of the Indian National Congress in the late 1920s and 1930s, rising to become Congress President in 1938 and 1939.", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ The Ford Expedition is a full-size SUV that is made by Ford Motor Company.", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ Introduced for the 1997 model year as the successor of the Ford Bronco, the Expedition is the first full-size Ford SUV sold with a four-door body.", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ For its entire production life, the Ford Expedition has been derived from the corresponding generation of the Ford F-150 in production, sharing body and mechanical components.", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ Currently in its third model generation, a fourth-generation Ford Expedition is slated to enter production for the 2018 model year.", "Ford Expedition __knowledge__ Similar to the configuration of the Chevrolet Tahoe and Suburban, the Ford Expedition is sold in regular and extended lengths (the Ford Expedition EL/Max); sold since 2007, the latter functionally serves as the replacement for the Ford Excursion.", "Elizabeth Ogborne __knowledge__ Elizabeth Ogborne (1763/4 – 22 December 1853) was a British antiquary who published an unfinished county history of Essex.", "Elizabeth Ogborne __knowledge__ Ogborne claimed that her father was Sir John Eliot, 1st Baronet, but her mother was a dealer in tea and the relationship to Eliot is unproven.", "Elizabeth Ogborne __knowledge__ She married the engraver John Ogborne on 20 March 1790 at St Pancras.", "Elizabeth Ogborne __knowledge__ Her new husband and father-in-law were both artists.", "Elizabeth Ogborne __knowledge__ The couple had one son, John Fauntleroy Ogborne (1793–1813).", "Elizabeth Ogborne __knowledge__ They lived at 58 Great Portland Street in London, where they were landlords to Euphemia Boswell.", "Elizabeth Ogborne __knowledge__ The son, John, qualified as a surgeon, but died in his late teens in 1813; and the couple then took up local history.", "John Ogborne __knowledge__ John Ogborne (22 July 1755 – 1837) was an English engraver.", "John Ogborne __knowledge__ Ogborne was born on 22 July 1755, the son of David Ogborne, and was baptised at Chelmsford, Essex on 6 August 1755.", "John Ogborne __knowledge__ He was a pupil of Francesco Bartolozzi and one of the band of stipple-engravers who worked under that artist.", "John Ogborne __knowledge__ He produced some excellent specimens of engraving in this branch of art, and later, by combining a certain amount of work in line with that in stipple, produced a variety of effect.", "John Ogborne __knowledge__ He engraved some plates after John Boydell, Robert Smirke, and Thomas Stothard, for Boydell's 'Shakespeare Gallery,' and a great number of plates after Angelica Kauffmann, William Hamilton, William Redmore Bigg, Richard Westall, Thomas Stothard, and others.", "Death of Subhas Chandra Bose __knowledge__ Indian nationalist leader Subhas Chandra Bose died from third-degree burns on 18 August 1945 after his overloaded Japanese plane crashed in Japanese-occupied Formosa (now Taiwan).", "Death of Subhas Chandra Bose __knowledge__ However, many among his supporters, especially in Bengal, refused at the time, and have refused since, to believe either the fact or the circumstances of his death.", "Death of Subhas Chandra Bose __knowledge__ Conspiracy theories appeared within hours of his death and have thereafter had a long shelf life, keeping alive various martial myths about Bose.", "Death of Subhas Chandra Bose __knowledge__ During the last week of April 1945, Subhas Chandra Bose along with his senior Indian National Army (INA) officers, several hundred enlisted INA men, and nearly hundred women from the INA's Rani of Jhansi Regiment left Rangoon by road for Moulmein in Burma." ] ]

[ 15, 6, 11, 12 ]

[ "I do use headphones quite frequently actually. I personally use Bose.", "you would need to consider what type you would prefer, earbuds vs actual headphones for instance.", "I definitely agree with that. Bose even offers some discounts on on their discontinued headphones if that interests you", "Not trying to sell you on the Bose Brand...but the Bose QuietComfort Headphones 2 would be a good place to start" ]

[ "Headphones", "Headphones", "Headphones", "Headphones" ]

[ "Softball", "I use to pay softball in the summer.", "They aren't soft now. I got hit with a line drive and it hurt.", "I love Chicago, one of my favorite cities." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Softball __knowledge__ Softball is a variant of baseball played with a larger ball on a smaller field.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was invented in 1887 in Chicago, Illinois, United States as an indoor game.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was at various times called indoor baseball, mush ball, playground, softball, kitten ball, and because it was also played by women, ladies' baseball.", "Softball __knowledge__ The name \"softball\" was given to the game in 1926, because the ball used to be soft.", "Softball __knowledge__ A tournament held in 1933 at the Chicago World's Fair spurred interest in the game.", "Softball __knowledge__ The Amateur Softball Association (ASA) of America (founded 1933) governs the game in the United States and sponsors annual sectional and World Series championships.", "Softball __knowledge__ The World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC) regulates rules of play in more than 110 countries, including the United States and Canada; before the WBSC was formed in 2013, the International Softball Federation filled this role.", "Softball __knowledge__ Women's fast pitch softball became a Summer Olympic sport in 1996, but it and baseball were dropped from the 2012 Games; they will be reinstated for the 2020 Games.", "Softball __knowledge__ There are three types of softball.", "Softball __knowledge__ In the most common type, slow-pitch softball, the ball, which can measure either 11 or 12 inches in circumference depending on gender and league, must arch on its path to the batter, and there are 10 players on the field at once." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Softball __knowledge__ Softball is a variant of baseball played with a larger ball on a smaller field.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was invented in 1887 in Chicago, Illinois, United States as an indoor game.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was at various times called indoor baseball, mush ball, playground, softball, kitten ball, and because it was also played by women, ladies' baseball.", "Softball __knowledge__ The name \"softball\" was given to the game in 1926, because the ball used to be soft.", "Softball __knowledge__ A tournament held in 1933 at the Chicago World's Fair spurred interest in the game.", "Softball __knowledge__ The Amateur Softball Association (ASA) of America (founded 1933) governs the game in the United States and sponsors annual sectional and World Series championships.", "Softball __knowledge__ The World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC) regulates rules of play in more than 110 countries, including the United States and Canada; before the WBSC was formed in 2013, the International Softball Federation filled this role.", "Softball __knowledge__ Women's fast pitch softball became a Summer Olympic sport in 1996, but it and baseball were dropped from the 2012 Games; they will be reinstated for the 2020 Games.", "Softball __knowledge__ There are three types of softball.", "Softball __knowledge__ In the most common type, slow-pitch softball, the ball, which can measure either 11 or 12 inches in circumference depending on gender and league, must arch on its path to the batter, and there are 10 players on the field at once.", "Murder in the Mews __knowledge__ Murder in the Mews and Other Stories is a short story collection written by Agatha Christie and first published in the UK by Collins Crime Club on 15 March 1937.", "Murder in the Mews __knowledge__ In the US, the book was published by Dodd, Mead and Company under the title Dead Man's Mirror in June 1937 with one story missing (\"The Incredible Theft\"); the 1987 Berkeley Books edition of the same title has all four stories.", "Murder in the Mews __knowledge__ All of the tales feature Hercule Poirot.", "Murder in the Mews __knowledge__ The UK edition retailed at seven shillings and sixpence (7/6) and the first US edition at $2.00.", "Murder in the Mews __knowledge__ Japp asks Poirot to join him at a house in Bardsley Garden Mews where a Mrs Barbara Allen shot herself the previous evening – Guy Fawkes Night – the moment of death being disguised by the noise of fireworks.", "Fastpitch softball __knowledge__ Fastpitch softball, also known as fastpitch or fastball, is a form of softball played commonly by women and men, though coed fast-pitch leagues also exist.", "Fastpitch softball __knowledge__ The International Softball Federation (ISF) is the international governing body of softball.", "Fastpitch softball __knowledge__ The ISF recognizes three pitching styles: fast pitch, \"modified\" fast pitch, and slow pitch.", "Fastpitch softball __knowledge__ Fast pitch is considered the most competitive form of softball.", "Fastpitch softball __knowledge__ It is the form of softball that was played at the Olympic Games in 1996, 2000, 2004, and 2008.", "Fastpitch softball __knowledge__ The fast pitch style is also used in college softball and international competition.", "Fastpitch softball __knowledge__ Pitchers throw the ball with an underhand motion at speeds up to for women and up to for men.", "1734 Zhongolovich __knowledge__ 1734 Zhongolovich, provisional designation , is a carbonaceous Dorian asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 28 kilometers in diameter.", "1734 Zhongolovich __knowledge__ It was discovered on 11 October 1928, by Russian astronomer Grigory Neujmin at Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula.", "1734 Zhongolovich __knowledge__ It was later named after Russian astronomer and geodesist Ivan Zhongolovich.", "1734 Zhongolovich __knowledge__ \"Zhongolovich\" is presumably the largest member of the Dora family (), a well-established central asteroid family of more than 1,200 carbonaceous asteroids, named after 668 Dora.", "1734 Zhongolovich __knowledge__ The Dora family is alternatively known as the \"Zhongolovich family\".", "Softball at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ Softball at the Summer Olympics was on the Olympic programme from 1996 to 2008.", "Softball at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ Softball was removed from the programme for 2012 and 2016, but was added, along with baseball, for the 2020 Summer Olympics.", "Softball at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ During the 1940s, Americans and Japanese were making the first overtures to get softball included on the Olympic programme.", "Softball at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ This effort was led by the American softball association and Jiro Iwano, Vice President of the Japanese Olympic Committee and President of the Japanese Softball Association.", "Softball at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ There were efforts to get softball on the Olympic program during the 1950s.", "Softball at the Summer Olympics __knowledge__ In 1950, the Amateur Softball Association of America sent letters to national organisations asking for assistance in getting the newly created International Olympic Federation to include softball on the Olympic program.", "New South Wales Softball Association __knowledge__ The New South Wales Softball Association attends all ASF National Championships For the 2006 Championships the following was entered: Campbelltown & District Softball Association Division: Southern Metropolitan Website: http://www.campbelltown.softball.net.au Grounds: Milton park Central Coast Softball Association Division: Northern Metropolitan Website: http://www.centralcoast.softball.net.au Grounds: Tuggerah Oval Cumberland Nepean Softball Association Division Northern Metropolitan Website: http://www.cumberland.softball.net.au Grounds: International Peace Park & Stanhope Gardens Georges River Softball Association Division Southern Metropolitan Website http://www.georgesriver.softball.net.au Ground Kelso Park Softball Complex Hawkesbury Softball Association Division Northern Metropolitan Website http://www.hawkesbury.softball.net.au Hornsby District Softball Association Division Northern Metropolitan Website http://www.hornsby.softball.net.au Ground Hayes Park, Galston Illawarra District Softball Association Division Southern Metropolitan Website http://www.illawarra.softball.net.au Ground Albion Park Oval, Albion Park Rail & Reed Park, Dapto Softball Macarthur Division Southern Metropolitan Website http://www.macarthur.softball.net.au Ground Cowpasture Reserve, Argyle Street, Camden Manly Warringah Softball Association Division Northern Metropolitan Website http://www.mwsa.com.au Ground Abbot Road, Harbord Newcastle & District Softball Association Division Northern Metropolitan Website http://www.newcastle.softball.net.au Ground Stevenson Park, Stevenson Ave, Mayfield West North Shore District Softball Association Division Northern Metropolitan Website http://www.northshore.softball.net.au Ground William Cowan Oval, St Ives Village Green, Bryce Oval, St Ives Penrith City Softball Association Division Southern Metropolitan Website http://www.penrith.softball.net.au Ground Surveyors Creek Softball Facility, Glenmore Park Southern Districts Softball Association Division Southern Metropolitan Website http://www.southerndistrictsnsw.softball.net.au Ground Jacquie Osmond Softball Centre Sutherland Shire Softball Association Division Southern Metropolitan Website http://www.sutherland.softball.net.au Ground Captain Cook Reserve, Woolooware Country Affiliates Camden Haven/Port Macquarie Softball Association Division Northern Country Ground Finlay Park, Port Macquarie Coffs Harbour Softball Association Division Northern Country Ground Rugby Park, Toormina Far North Coast Softball Association Division Northern Country Website http://www.fnc.softball.net.au Ground Albert Park Inverell Softball Association Division Northern Country Ground McIntrye Park, Inverell Lower Clarence Softball Association Division Northern Country Ground Wherett Park, Maclean Macleay Valley Softball Association Division Northern Country Ground Kemp Street Fields, Kempsey Manning River Softball Association Division Northern Country Mudgee Softball Association Division Southern Country Website http://www.mudgee.softball.net.au Ground Mudgee Orange & District Softball Association Division Southern Country Website http://www.orange.softball.net.au Ground Sir Jack Brabham Park, Orange Singleton Softball Association Division Northern Country Ground Rose Point Park, Singleton Southern Highlands Softball Association Division Southern Country Ground OLSH, Centennial Rd, Bowral Tamworth Softball Association Division Northern Country Website http://www.tamworth.softball.net.au Ground Riverside Park, Carter Street, Tamworth Tweed District Softball Association Division Northern Country Website http://www.tweed.softball.net.au Ground Piggabeen Regional Sports Complex Wagga Wagga Softball Association Division Southern Country Website http://www.waggawagga.softball.net.au Ground French Fields, Walteela Avenue", "Softball in Australia __knowledge__ Softball in Australia is played in Australia.", "Softball in Australia __knowledge__ The game was first played in Australia in 1939, having been introduced to the country by Gordon Young of Canada, who at the time was the director of physical education in New South Wales.", "Softball in Australia __knowledge__ Prior to the Second World War, viogoro was one of the sports played by women in Australia.", "Softball in Australia __knowledge__ With the introduction of softball during the war, the game fell out of popularity and was replaced with softball in the eastern states.", "Softball in Australia __knowledge__ The game was introduced to a wider audience in 1942 by American nurses stationed in the country during the war.", "Softball in Australia __knowledge__ Their matches were organized by US Army Sargeant William Duvernet.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ The early history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid–19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or run over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate considered to be the \"father of gridiron football\".", "Timeline of United States inventions (before 1890) __knowledge__ A timeline of United States inventions (before 1890) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the Colonial Period to the Gilded Age, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States.", "Timeline of United States inventions (before 1890) __knowledge__ Copyright protection secures a person's right to his or her first-to-invent claim of the \"original\" invention in question, highlighted in Article I, Section 8, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution, which gives the following enumerated power to the United States Congress: In 1641, the first patent in North America was issued to Samuel Winslow by the General Court of Massachusetts for a new method of making salt.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) __knowledge__ A timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the Progressive Era to the end of World War II, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) __knowledge__ Copyright protection secures a person's right to his or her first-to-invent claim of the \"original\" invention in question, highlighted in Article I, Section 8, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution which gives the following enumerated power to the United States Congress: In 1641, the first patent in North America was issued to Samuel Winslow by the General Court of Massachusetts for a new method of making salt.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "History of American football __knowledge__ The history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "History of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid-19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or kicked over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "History of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate who is considered to be the \"Father of American Football\".", "16-inch softball __knowledge__ 16-inch softball (sometimes called \"clincher\", mushball, cabbageball or blooperball) is a variant of softball, but using a bigger ball with no gloves or mitts on the fielders.", "16-inch softball __knowledge__ Although it most closely resembles the original game as developed in the 19th century by George Hancock, today it remains popular almost exclusively in Chicago but is also popular in Portland, Oregon, where Mushball has had leagues since the 1960s.", "16-inch softball __knowledge__ The first set of rules were published in 1937 by the Amateur Softball Association, in the same manual as the rules for fastpitch softball.", "16-inch softball __knowledge__ 16 inch softball game play is mostly consistent with standard softball game play." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Softball __knowledge__ Softball is a variant of baseball played with a larger ball on a smaller field.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was invented in 1887 in Chicago, Illinois, United States as an indoor game.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was at various times called indoor baseball, mush ball, playground, softball, kitten ball, and because it was also played by women, ladies' baseball.", "Softball __knowledge__ The name \"softball\" was given to the game in 1926, because the ball used to be soft.", "Softball __knowledge__ A tournament held in 1933 at the Chicago World's Fair spurred interest in the game.", "Softball __knowledge__ The Amateur Softball Association (ASA) of America (founded 1933) governs the game in the United States and sponsors annual sectional and World Series championships.", "Softball __knowledge__ The World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC) regulates rules of play in more than 110 countries, including the United States and Canada; before the WBSC was formed in 2013, the International Softball Federation filled this role.", "Softball __knowledge__ Women's fast pitch softball became a Summer Olympic sport in 1996, but it and baseball were dropped from the 2012 Games; they will be reinstated for the 2020 Games.", "Softball __knowledge__ There are three types of softball.", "Softball __knowledge__ In the most common type, slow-pitch softball, the ball, which can measure either 11 or 12 inches in circumference depending on gender and league, must arch on its path to the batter, and there are 10 players on the field at once.", "Anglo-Nepalese War __knowledge__ The Anglo-Nepalese War (1814–16), also known as the Gurkha War, was fought between the Kingdom of Gorkha (present-day Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal) and the East India Company as a result of border disputes and ambitious expansionism of both the belligerent parties.", "Anglo-Nepalese War __knowledge__ The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Sugauli in 1816, which ceded around a third of Nepal's territory to the British.", "Anglo-Nepalese War __knowledge__ The Company was the invading forces, while the Nepalese maintained a defensive position.", "Anglo-Nepalese War __knowledge__ The British attacked in two successive waves of invasion.", "Anglo-Nepalese War __knowledge__ It was the most expensive war waged during the governorship of Lord Moira of ten years.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The 2017 Washington Nationals season was the Nationals' 13th season as the baseball franchise of Major League Baseball in the District of Columbia, the 10th season at Nationals Park, and the 49th since the original team was started in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ They won the National League East division title for the fourth time in six years but were defeated by the Chicago Cubs in the Division Series.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The Washington Nationals announced in October 2016 that their entire coaching staff would return for the 2017 season, led by manager Dusty Baker.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The team lost several players to free agency after the 2016 season, including right-handed relief pitcher Matt Belisle, left-handed reliever Sean Burnett, infielder Stephen Drew, outfielder Chris Heisey, right-handed pitcher Mat Latos, closer Mark Melancon, catcher Wilson Ramos, and left-handed reliever Marc Rzepczynski.", "2014 Kansas City Royals season __knowledge__ The Kansas City Royals' season of 2014 was the 46th for the Royals franchise.", "2014 Kansas City Royals season __knowledge__ On September 26, 2014 the Royals clinched a playoff berth for the first time since 1985.", "2014 Kansas City Royals season __knowledge__ They began the post-season by defeating the Oakland Athletics in the Wild Card Game and sweeping both the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim in the ALDS and the Baltimore Orioles in the ALCS, becoming the first team in Major League history to win their first 8 postseason games in a row.", "2014 Kansas City Royals season __knowledge__ They lost to the San Francisco Giants in seven games in the 2014 World Series.", "2014 Kansas City Royals season __knowledge__ After the first 29 games of the 2014 regular season, the Royals had a record of 14-15.", "Bhimsen Thapa __knowledge__ Bhimsen Thapa (; August 1775 – 5 August 1839) was the \"Mukhtiyar\" (equivalent to prime minister) and de facto ruler of Nepal from 1806 to 1837.", "Bhimsen Thapa __knowledge__ Bhimsen rose to power by initially serving as a bodyguard and personal secretary of King Rana Bahadur Shah.", "Bhimsen Thapa __knowledge__ Bhimsen had accompanied Rana Bahadur Shah to Varanasi after his abdication and subsequent exile in 1800.", "Bhimsen Thapa __knowledge__ In Varanasi, Bhimsen helped Rana Bahadur engineer his return to power in 1804.", "Bhimsen Thapa __knowledge__ In gratitude, Rana Bahadur made Bhimsen a \"kaji\" (equivalent to a minister) of the newly formed government.", "Bhimsen Thapa __knowledge__ Rana Bahadur's assassination by his step brother in 1806 led Bhimsen to massacre ninety-three people, after which he was able to claim the title of the \"mukhtiyar\" (equivalent to prime minister).", "1992 World Series __knowledge__ The 1992 World Series was the 89th edition of Major League Baseball's championship series and the conclusion of the 1992 Major League Baseball season.", "1992 World Series __knowledge__ It was the first World Series in which games were played outside the United States.", "1992 World Series __knowledge__ It pitted the American League (AL) champion Toronto Blue Jays against the National League (NL) champion Atlanta Braves.", "1992 World Series __knowledge__ Toronto defeated Atlanta four games to two, marking the first time a team based outside the United States won the World Series.", "1992 World Series __knowledge__ The Blue Jays remain the only Canadian team to have appeared in, and won, a World Series (which they would do again the following year, in ).", "Ian Kinsler __knowledge__ Ian Michael Kinsler (born June 22, 1982) is an American professional baseball second baseman for the Los Angeles Angels of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Ian Kinsler __knowledge__ He previously played for the Texas Rangers and Detroit Tigers.", "Ian Kinsler __knowledge__ Despite having been drafted in only the 17th round out of college, Kinsler has risen to become a four-time All Star, and a member of the \"Sporting News\"' 2009 list of the 50 greatest current players in baseball.", "Ian Kinsler __knowledge__ He is known as a five-tool player, hitting for average and power, and excelling in baserunning, throwing, and fielding.", "Ian Kinsler __knowledge__ Kinsler has twice hit 30 home runs and stolen 30 bases in the same season (2009 and 2011), and is one of 12 ballplayers in major league history who have had multiple 30–30 club seasons.", "Summer Time in Europe __knowledge__ European Summer Time is the variation of standard clock time that is applied in most European countries, not including Iceland, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Turkey and Russia — in the period between spring and autumn, during which clocks are advanced by one hour from the time observed in the rest of the year, in order to make the most efficient use of seasonal daylight.", "Summer Time in Europe __knowledge__ It corresponds to the notion and practice of \"daylight saving time\" to be found in many other parts of the world.", "Summer Time in Europe __knowledge__ European Summer Time is observed across three time zones, beginning at 01:00 UTC/WET (02:00 CET, 03:00 EET) on the last Sunday in March and ending at 01:00 UTC (02:00 WEST, 03:00 CEST, 04:00 EEST) on the last Sunday in October each year.", "Billiard ball __knowledge__ A billiard ball is a small, hard ball used in cue sports, such as carom billiards, pool, and snooker.", "Billiard ball __knowledge__ The number, type, diameter, color, and pattern of the balls differ depending upon the specific game being played.", "Billiard ball __knowledge__ Various particular ball properties such as hardness, friction coefficient and resilience are important to accuracy.", "Billiard ball __knowledge__ Early balls were made of various materials, including wood and clay (the latter remaining in use well into the 20th century).", "Billiard ball __knowledge__ Although affordable ox-bone balls were in common use in Europe, elephant ivory was favored since at least 1627 until the early 20th century; the earliest known written reference to ivory billiard balls is in the 1588 inventory of the Duke of Norfolk.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Golf ball __knowledge__ A golf ball is a special ball designed to be used in the game of golf.", "Golf ball __knowledge__ Under the rules of golf, a golf ball has a mass no more than 1.620 oz (45.93 grams), has a diameter not less than 1.680 in (42.67 mm), and performs within specified velocity, distance, and symmetry limits.", "Golf ball __knowledge__ Like golf clubs, golf balls are subject to testing and approval by the R&A (formerly part of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews) and the United States Golf Association, and those that do not conform with regulations may not be used in competitions \"(Rule 5–1)\".", "Golf ball __knowledge__ It is commonly believed that hard wooden, round balls were the first balls used for golf between the 14th through the 17th centuries.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Baseball and cricket are the best-known members of a family of related bat-and-ball games.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Despite their similarities, the two sports also have many differences in play and in strategy.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ A comparison between baseball and cricket can be instructive to followers of either sport, since the similarities help to highlight nuances particular to each game.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Bat-and-ball games, in general, are sports in which one team (the fielding team) has possession of the ball and delivers it to a member of the other team (the batting team), who tries to hit it.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ The two opposing teams take turns playing these two distinct roles, which are continuous during a specified interval.", "Cups and balls __knowledge__ The cups and balls is a performance of magic with innumerable adaptations.", "Cups and balls __knowledge__ A typical cups and balls routine includes many of the most fundamental effects of magic: the balls can vanish, appear, transpose, reappear and transform.", "Cups and balls __knowledge__ Basic skills, such as misdirection, manual dexterity, sleight of hand, and audience management are also essential to most cups and balls routines.", "Cups and balls __knowledge__ As a result, mastery of the cups and balls is considered by many as the litmus test of a good magician.", "Cups and balls __knowledge__ Magician John Mulholland wrote that Harry Houdini had expressed the opinion that no one could be considered an accomplished magician until he had mastered the cups and balls." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Softball __knowledge__ Softball is a variant of baseball played with a larger ball on a smaller field.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was invented in 1887 in Chicago, Illinois, United States as an indoor game.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was at various times called indoor baseball, mush ball, playground, softball, kitten ball, and because it was also played by women, ladies' baseball.", "Softball __knowledge__ The name \"softball\" was given to the game in 1926, because the ball used to be soft.", "Softball __knowledge__ A tournament held in 1933 at the Chicago World's Fair spurred interest in the game.", "Softball __knowledge__ The Amateur Softball Association (ASA) of America (founded 1933) governs the game in the United States and sponsors annual sectional and World Series championships.", "Softball __knowledge__ The World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC) regulates rules of play in more than 110 countries, including the United States and Canada; before the WBSC was formed in 2013, the International Softball Federation filled this role.", "Softball __knowledge__ Women's fast pitch softball became a Summer Olympic sport in 1996, but it and baseball were dropped from the 2012 Games; they will be reinstated for the 2020 Games.", "Softball __knowledge__ There are three types of softball.", "Softball __knowledge__ In the most common type, slow-pitch softball, the ball, which can measure either 11 or 12 inches in circumference depending on gender and league, must arch on its path to the batter, and there are 10 players on the field at once.", "Owned-and-operated station __knowledge__ In the broadcasting industry, an owned-and-operated station (frequently abbreviated as O&O) usually refers to a television or radio station that is owned by the network with which it is associated.", "Owned-and-operated station __knowledge__ This distinguishes such a station from an affiliate, which is independently owned and carries network program by contract.", "Owned-and-operated station __knowledge__ The concept of an O&O is clearly defined in the United States and Canada (and to some extent, several other countries such as the United Kingdom, Australia, Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Japan), where network-owned stations had historically been the exception rather than the rule.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ New Orleans (, or ; ) is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The population of the city was 343,829 as of the 2010 U.S. Census.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The New Orleans metropolitan area (New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner Metropolitan Statistical Area) had a population of 1,167,764 in 2010 and was the 46th largest in the United States.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The New Orleans–Metairie–Bogalusa Combined Statistical Area, a larger trading area, had a 2010 population of 1,452,502.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ Before Hurricane Katrina, Orleans Parish was the most populous parish in Louisiana.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ As of 2015, it ranked third, trailing neighboring Jefferson Parish and East Baton Rouge Parish.", "O'Hare International Airport __knowledge__ Chicago O'Hare International Airport , also known as O'Hare Airport, Chicago O'Hare, or simply O'Hare (), is an international airport located on the Far Northwest Side of Chicago, Illinois, northwest of the Chicago Loop.", "O'Hare International Airport __knowledge__ It is the primary airport serving the Chicago metropolitan area, with Midway International Airport, which is about closer to the Loop and serves as a secondary airport.", "O'Hare International Airport __knowledge__ It is operated by the City of Chicago Department of Aviation.", "O'Hare International Airport __knowledge__ O'Hare was the busiest airport in the world by the number of takeoffs and landings in 2014, ahead of Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport, which held the title from 2005 to 2013; however, it lost that title back to Atlanta a year later.", "WBBM-TV __knowledge__ WBBM-TV, virtual channel 2 (VHF digital channel 12), is a CBS owned-and-operated television station licensed to Chicago, Illinois, United States.", "WBBM-TV __knowledge__ The station is owned by the CBS Television Stations subsidiary of CBS Corporation.", "WBBM-TV __knowledge__ WBBM-TV maintains studio and office facilities located on West Washington Street as part of the development at Block 37 in the Loop district, and its transmitter is located atop the Willis Tower on South Wacker Drive.", "WBBM-TV __knowledge__ WBBM-TV traces its history to 1940 when Balaban and Katz, a subsidiary of Paramount Pictures, signed on experimental station W9XBK, the first all-electronic television facility in Chicago.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ Avery Brundage (; September 28, 1887 – May 8, 1975) was the fifth president of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), serving from 1952 to 1972.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ The only American to attain that position, Brundage is remembered as a zealous advocate of amateurism and for his involvement with the 1936 and 1972 Summer Olympics, both held in Germany.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ Brundage was born in Detroit in 1887 to a working-class family.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ When he was five years old, his father moved his family to Chicago and subsequently abandoned his wife and children.", "Avery Brundage __knowledge__ Raised mostly by relatives, he attended the University of Illinois to study engineering and became a track star.", "Joseph Mallmann __knowledge__ Joseph Mallmann (c.1827–1886) was a German businessman, founder of Mallmann & Co, one of the most important companies in Buenos Aires in the late nineteenth century.", "Joseph Mallmann __knowledge__ Mallmann was born in Boppard, had arrived in Buenos Aires in 1846, accompanied by Sebastian Cathrein (1823-1851).", "Joseph Mallmann __knowledge__ In 1849 during the government of Juan Manuel de Rosas, Mallmann and Cathrein founded Mallmann & Co, company dedicated to buying and selling real estate.", "Joseph Mallmann __knowledge__ Joseph Mallmann left Buenos Aires in 1860 to establish a company in Paris, leaving the management of his company to his family.", "Joseph Mallmann __knowledge__ The House Mallmann & Co had links with the largest cities in the world including Montevideo, Antwerp and London.", "KCNC-TV __knowledge__ KCNC-TV, virtual channel 4 (UHF digital channel 35), is a CBS owned-and-operated television station licensed to Denver, Colorado, United States.", "KCNC-TV __knowledge__ The station is owned by the CBS Television Stations subsidiary of CBS Corporation.", "KCNC-TV __knowledge__ KCNC maintains studio facilities located on Lincoln Street (between East 10th and 11th Avenues) in downtown Denver, and its transmitter is based on Lookout Mountain, near Golden.", "KCNC-TV __knowledge__ On cable, the station is available on Comcast Xfinity in standard definition on channel 4, and in high definition on digital channel 654.", "KCNC-TV __knowledge__ It is also carried on CenturyLink Prism channels 4 and 1004.", "Mr. Ouch __knowledge__ Mr. Ouch is a hazard symbol developed by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) to represent electrical hazards.", "Mr. Ouch __knowledge__ Unlike other high-voltage warning symbols, Mr. Ouch was specifically designed with young children in mind.", "Mr. Ouch __knowledge__ Mr. Ouch is similar in name, purpose, and appearance to the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC's \"Mr. Yuk\" design used to label poisonous substances, although the two symbols were developed independently.", "Mr. Ouch __knowledge__ Mr. Ouch is anthropomorphized electricity.", "Mr. Ouch __knowledge__ The design shows a snarling, spiderlike creature with jagged, lightning-bolt arms throwing a child backwards.", "Century of Progress __knowledge__ A Century of Progress International Exposition was a World's Fair registered under the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE), which held in Chicago, as The Chicago World's Fair, from 1933 to 1934 to celebrate the city's centennial.", "Century of Progress __knowledge__ The theme of the fair was technological innovation.", "Century of Progress __knowledge__ The fair's motto was \"Science Finds, Industry Applies, Man Adapts\".", "Century of Progress __knowledge__ Its architectural symbol was the Sky Ride, a transporter bridge perpendicular to the shore on which one could ride from one side of the fair to the other.", "Century of Progress __knowledge__ One description of the fair noted that the world, \"then still mired in the malaise of the Great Depression, could glimpse a happier not-too-distant future, all driven by innovation in science and technology.", "Traveling carnival __knowledge__ A traveling carnival (US English), usually simply called a carnival, or travelling funfair is an amusement show that may be made up of amusement rides, food vendors, merchandise vendors, games of chance and skill, thrill acts, and animal acts.", "Traveling carnival __knowledge__ A traveling carnival is not set up at a permanent location, like an amusement park or funfair, but is moved from place to place.", "Traveling carnival __knowledge__ Its roots are similar to the 19th century circus with both being set up in open fields near or in town and moving to a new location after a period of time.", "Traveling carnival __knowledge__ Unlike traditional carnival celebrations, the North American traveling carnival is not tied to a religious observance.", "California Midwinter International Exposition of 1894 __knowledge__ The California Midwinter International Exposition of 1894, commonly referred to as the \"Midwinter Exposition\" or the \"Midwinter Fair\", was a World's Fair that officially operated from January 27 to July 5 in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park.", "California Midwinter International Exposition of 1894 __knowledge__ In 1892, U.S. President Benjamin Harrison appointed Michael H. de Young as a national commissioner to the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition held in Chicago.", "California Midwinter International Exposition of 1894 __knowledge__ During the exposition in Chicago, de Young recognized an opportunity to stimulate California's economy in its time of depression.", "California Midwinter International Exposition of 1894 __knowledge__ In the summer of 1893, de Young announced his plans for the California Midwinter International Exposition to be held in Golden Gate Park.", "Ouch (song) __knowledge__ \"Ouch\" is a song performed, written and produced by the English hip hop group N-Dubz.", "Ouch (song) __knowledge__ It was released as the group's fourth overall single, first single with the record label All Around The World and the first official single for their debut Platinum-selling album, \"Uncle B\".", "Ouch (song) __knowledge__ Joseph says this single was the first digitally released on 29 September 2008 and then received as a physical single the following week.", "Ouch (song) __knowledge__ The CD single features six different versions of the song, including three remixes.", "Ouch (song) __knowledge__ \"Ouch\" has been defined as the response single to the group's second single \"I Swear\" as both songs deal with the issue of cheating within a relationship.", "World's Columbian Exposition __knowledge__ The World's Columbian Exposition (the official shortened name for the World's Fair: Columbian Exposition, also known as the Chicago World's Fair and Chicago Columbian Exposition) was a world's fair held in Chicago in 1893 to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the New World in 1492.", "World's Columbian Exposition __knowledge__ The centerpiece of the Fair, the large water pool, represented the long voyage Columbus took to the New World.", "World's Columbian Exposition __knowledge__ Chicago bested New York City; Washington, D.C.; and St. Louis for the honor of hosting the fair.", "World's Columbian Exposition __knowledge__ The Exposition was an influential social and cultural event and had a profound effect on architecture, sanitation, the arts, Chicago's self-image, and American industrial optimism." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 5, 0 ]

[ "I love softball. It was actually invented in 1887 in Chicago, Illinois as an indoor only game.", "That sounds great, Summer time usually is the best time to play it, In fact the name \"softball\" was given to the game in the year 1926, because the balls used to be very soft.", "Ouch that sounds painful. It wasnt until a large tournament held in the year 1933 at the Chicago World's Fair until it spurred interest in the game.", "Indeed its bascially the baseball capital of the world, The very first rules for softball were not published until 1889" ]

[ "Softball", "Softball", "Softball", "Softball" ]

[ "Parachuting\nI would like to go parachuting one day. It looks exhilarating! ", "Do you have any background knowledge on parachuting?", "Haha, that basically sums parachuting. I know people in the military used to do it.", "Right, you need precision otherwise you will land somewhere else." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Parachuting, or skydiving, is a method of transiting from a high point to Earth with the aid of gravity, involving the control of speed during the descent with the use of a parachute.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ It may involve more or less free-falling which is a period during the parachute has not been deployed and the body gradually accelerates to terminal velocity.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first parachute jump in history was made by André-Jacques Garnerin, the inventor of the parachute, on October 22, 1797.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin tested his contraption by leaping from a hydrogen balloon above Paris.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin's parachute bore little resemblance to today's parachutes, however, as it was not packed into any sort of container and did not feature a ripcord.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first intentional freefall jump with a ripcord-operated deployment was not made until over a century later by Leslie Irvin in 1919.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ While Georgia Broadwick made an earlier freefall in 1914 when her static line became entangled with her jump aircraft's tail assembly, her freefall descent was not planned.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Broadwick cut her static line and deployed her parachute manually, only as a means of freeing herself from the aircraft to which she had become entangled.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The military developed parachuting technology as a way to save aircrews from emergencies aboard balloons and aircraft in flight, and later as a way of delivering soldiers to the battlefield.", "EdCamp __knowledge__ An edcamp is a participant-driven conference - commonly referred to as an \"unconference\".", "EdCamp __knowledge__ Edcamps are designed to provide participant-driven professional development for K-12 educators.", "EdCamp __knowledge__ Edcamps are modeled after BarCamps, free participant-driven conferences with a primary focus on technology and computers.", "EdCamp __knowledge__ Educational technology is a common topic area for edcamps, as are pedagogy, practical examples in instructional use of modern tools, and solving the problems technology can introduce into the classroom environment.", "EdCamp __knowledge__ Edcamps are generally free or very low-cost, built around \"ad hoc\" community participation.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ Attacks on parachutists, as defined by the law of war, is when pilots, aircrews, and passengers are attacked while descending by parachute from disabled aircraft during wartime.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ This practice is considered by most militaries around the world to be inhumane, barbaric, and unchivalrous, that it is unnecessary killing (the attacked personnel would eventually become POWs if parachuted over enemy territory), and that it is contrary to fair play.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ Attacking parachutists from aircraft in distress is a war crime under the Protocol I addition to the 1949 Geneva Conventions.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ Firing on airborne forces who are descending by parachute, even if their aircraft is in distress, is not prohibited.", "Jacques-André Istel __knowledge__ Jacques-André Istel (born 1929 in Paris, France) is a French-American recreational parachutist and investment banker and later in life, historian, widely responsible for popularizing parachuting in the United States.", "Jacques-André Istel __knowledge__ He is considered \"the father of American skydiving.\"", "Jacques-André Istel __knowledge__ He founded a city in southeastern California, which he named Felicity and it is here that he founded the Museum of History in Granite.", "Jacques-André Istel __knowledge__ Istel was born in France to Yvonne Istel, a prominent volunteer in both World War I and World War II, and André Istel, an investment banker and diplomat, representing the de Gaulle government at the 1944 Bretton Woods conference.", "Drop Zone (film) __knowledge__ Drop Zone is a 1994 American action film directed by John Badham, starring Wesley Snipes, Gary Busey, Yancy Butler, Michael Jeter, Luca Bercovici and Kyle Secor.", "Drop Zone (film) __knowledge__ \"Drop Zone\" was released in the United States on December 9, 1994.", "Drop Zone (film) __knowledge__ Aboard a commercial airliner, U.S.", "Drop Zone (film) __knowledge__ Marshals Terry (Malcolm-Jamal Warner) and Pete Nessip (Wesley Snipes), are escorting computer expert Earl Leedy (Michael Jeter) to a high security prison.", "Drop Zone (film) __knowledge__ When an apparent terrorist hijack attempt blows a hole in the (Boeing 747) airliner, Terry is sucked out to his death, and the terrorists parachute out of the same hole, taking Leedy with them.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Parachuting, or skydiving, is a method of transiting from a high point to Earth with the aid of gravity, involving the control of speed during the descent with the use of a parachute.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ It may involve more or less free-falling which is a period during the parachute has not been deployed and the body gradually accelerates to terminal velocity.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first parachute jump in history was made by André-Jacques Garnerin, the inventor of the parachute, on October 22, 1797.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin tested his contraption by leaping from a hydrogen balloon above Paris.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin's parachute bore little resemblance to today's parachutes, however, as it was not packed into any sort of container and did not feature a ripcord.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first intentional freefall jump with a ripcord-operated deployment was not made until over a century later by Leslie Irvin in 1919.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ While Georgia Broadwick made an earlier freefall in 1914 when her static line became entangled with her jump aircraft's tail assembly, her freefall descent was not planned.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Broadwick cut her static line and deployed her parachute manually, only as a means of freeing herself from the aircraft to which she had become entangled.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The military developed parachuting technology as a way to save aircrews from emergencies aboard balloons and aircraft in flight, and later as a way of delivering soldiers to the battlefield.", "Inductive logic programming __knowledge__ Inductive logic programming (ILP) is a subfield of machine learning which uses logic programming as a uniform representation for examples, background knowledge and hypotheses.", "Inductive logic programming __knowledge__ Given an encoding of the known background knowledge and a set of examples represented as a logical database of facts, an ILP system will derive a hypothesised logic program which entails all the positive and none of the negative examples.", "Inductive logic programming __knowledge__ Inductive logic programming is particularly useful in bioinformatics and natural language processing.", "Inductive logic programming __knowledge__ Gordon Plotkin and Ehud Shapiro laid the initial theoretical foundation for inductive machine learning in a logical setting.", "Raven paradox __knowledge__ The raven paradox, also known as Hempel's paradox, Hempel's ravens, or paradox of indoor ornithology, is a paradox arising from the question of what constitutes evidence for a statement.", "Raven paradox __knowledge__ Observing objects that are neither black nor ravens may formally increase the likelihood that all ravens are black even though, intuitively, these observations are unrelated.", "Raven paradox __knowledge__ This problem was proposed by the logician Carl Gustav Hempel in the 1940s to illustrate a contradiction between inductive logic and intuition.", "Raven paradox __knowledge__ Hempel describes the paradox in terms of the hypothesis: Via contraposition, this statement is equivalent to: In all circumstances where (2) is true, (1) is also true—and likewise, in all circumstances where (2) is false (i.e., if a world is imagined in which something that was not black, yet was a raven, existed), (1) is also false.", "Learning theory (education) __knowledge__ Learning theories are conceptual frameworks describing how knowledge is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning.", "Learning theory (education) __knowledge__ Cognitive, emotional, and environmental influences, as well as prior experience, all play a part in how understanding, or a world view, is acquired or changed and knowledge and skills retained.", "Learning theory (education) __knowledge__ Behaviorists look at learning as an aspect of conditioning and will advocate a system of rewards and targets in education.", "Learning theory (education) __knowledge__ Educators who embrace cognitive theory believe that the definition of learning as a change in behavior is too narrow and prefer to study the learner rather than their environment and in particular the complexities of human memory.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ A parachute rigger is a person who is trained or licensed to pack, maintain or repair parachutes.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ A rigger is required to understand fabrics, hardware, webbing, regulations, sewing, packing, and other aspects related to the building, packing, repair, and maintenance of parachutes.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ Militaries around the world train their own parachute riggers to support their airborne or paratrooper forces.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ These military riggers also pack parachutes for aerial delivery operations, through which military supplies and equipment are delivered by aircraft to combat zones.", "Parachute rigger __knowledge__ Parachute riggers in the Australian Army are responsible for the preparation, maintenance and supply of parachutes and other aerial delivery components.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ Attacks on parachutists, as defined by the law of war, is when pilots, aircrews, and passengers are attacked while descending by parachute from disabled aircraft during wartime.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ This practice is considered by most militaries around the world to be inhumane, barbaric, and unchivalrous, that it is unnecessary killing (the attacked personnel would eventually become POWs if parachuted over enemy territory), and that it is contrary to fair play.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ Attacking parachutists from aircraft in distress is a war crime under the Protocol I addition to the 1949 Geneva Conventions.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ Firing on airborne forces who are descending by parachute, even if their aircraft is in distress, is not prohibited.", "Jacques-André Istel __knowledge__ Jacques-André Istel (born 1929 in Paris, France) is a French-American recreational parachutist and investment banker and later in life, historian, widely responsible for popularizing parachuting in the United States.", "Jacques-André Istel __knowledge__ He is considered \"the father of American skydiving.\"", "Jacques-André Istel __knowledge__ He founded a city in southeastern California, which he named Felicity and it is here that he founded the Museum of History in Granite.", "Jacques-André Istel __knowledge__ Istel was born in France to Yvonne Istel, a prominent volunteer in both World War I and World War II, and André Istel, an investment banker and diplomat, representing the de Gaulle government at the 1944 Bretton Woods conference.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ Shital Mahajan - Rane, is an Indian extreme sportsperson, skydiver and the holder of Six World records and 17 National records in the sport.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ She is known to be the first woman to have done her first ever parachute jump without any training over the Geographical North pole in minus 37 degree Celsius from 2400 ft, and first accelerated free fall jump without any trials over the Antarctica - South pole from 11,600 feet, in minus 38 degree Celsius the youngest woman to jump over both the North and South Poles, and the first woman jumper to perform it without trials.", "Shital Mahajan __knowledge__ The Government of India honored Mahajan in 2011, with the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri.", "Rachel Thomas (skydiver) __knowledge__ Rachel Thomas was the first Indian woman to skydive from 7,000 ft over the North Pole on the 20th of April 2002, to commemorate 150 years of the Indian Railways.", "Rachel Thomas (skydiver) __knowledge__ During the North Pole expedition she stayed on the ice for 6 days in - 45-55°C temperature.", "Rachel Thomas (skydiver) __knowledge__ A former employee of Indian Railways, she was the first female to compete for India in a skydiving competition in 1987 and has the record of being the first Indian female to skydive over the North Pole in 2002.", "Rachel Thomas (skydiver) __knowledge__ She completed 650 jumps in 18 countries during her career, since her first jump in 1979.", "Rachel Thomas (skydiver) __knowledge__ A winner of the National Adventure Sports Award, she was honored again by the Government of India, again in 2005, with the fourth highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri.", "BASE jumping __knowledge__ BASE jumping, also sometimes written as B.A.S.E.", "BASE jumping __knowledge__ jumping, is parachuting or wingsuit flying from a fixed structure or cliff.", "BASE jumping __knowledge__ \"BASE\" is an acronym that stands for four categories of fixed objects from which one can jump: building, antenna, span, and Earth (cliff).", "BASE jumping __knowledge__ Due to the lower altitudes of the jumps, BASE jumping is significantly more dangerous than skydiving from a plane.", "BASE jumping __knowledge__ In the U.S., BASE jumping is currently regarded by many as a fringe extreme sport or stunt.", "BASE jumping __knowledge__ In some jurisdictions or locations, BASE jumping is prohibited or illegal; in some places, however, it is permitted, like Perrine Bridge, in Twin Falls, Idaho.", "The Ranch Resort __knowledge__ The Ranch Resort is a family-owned leisure, sports, exhibition, conservation, accommodation and conferencing centre within the Ranch Conservancy located in the Capricorn District of the Limpopo Province, south of Polokwane - the capital city of the Limpopo Province - in South Africa.", "The Ranch Resort __knowledge__ It is adjacent to the Makapansgat Valley, an archaeologically significant area that has produced fossils and bones that signify early hominid presence in Limpopo and forms part of Gauteng’s Cradle of Humankind World Heritage site.", "The Ranch Resort __knowledge__ A 12-hole par 3 - Executive Golf Course was officially opened in May 2010 by the Premier of Limpopo Province, Mr Cassel Mathale.", "Drop Zone (film) __knowledge__ Drop Zone is a 1994 American action film directed by John Badham, starring Wesley Snipes, Gary Busey, Yancy Butler, Michael Jeter, Luca Bercovici and Kyle Secor.", "Drop Zone (film) __knowledge__ \"Drop Zone\" was released in the United States on December 9, 1994.", "Drop Zone (film) __knowledge__ Aboard a commercial airliner, U.S.", "Drop Zone (film) __knowledge__ Marshals Terry (Malcolm-Jamal Warner) and Pete Nessip (Wesley Snipes), are escorting computer expert Earl Leedy (Michael Jeter) to a high security prison.", "Drop Zone (film) __knowledge__ When an apparent terrorist hijack attempt blows a hole in the (Boeing 747) airliner, Terry is sucked out to his death, and the terrorists parachute out of the same hole, taking Leedy with them." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Parachuting, or skydiving, is a method of transiting from a high point to Earth with the aid of gravity, involving the control of speed during the descent with the use of a parachute.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ It may involve more or less free-falling which is a period during the parachute has not been deployed and the body gradually accelerates to terminal velocity.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first parachute jump in history was made by André-Jacques Garnerin, the inventor of the parachute, on October 22, 1797.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin tested his contraption by leaping from a hydrogen balloon above Paris.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin's parachute bore little resemblance to today's parachutes, however, as it was not packed into any sort of container and did not feature a ripcord.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first intentional freefall jump with a ripcord-operated deployment was not made until over a century later by Leslie Irvin in 1919.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ While Georgia Broadwick made an earlier freefall in 1914 when her static line became entangled with her jump aircraft's tail assembly, her freefall descent was not planned.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Broadwick cut her static line and deployed her parachute manually, only as a means of freeing herself from the aircraft to which she had become entangled.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The military developed parachuting technology as a way to save aircrews from emergencies aboard balloons and aircraft in flight, and later as a way of delivering soldiers to the battlefield.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2017) __knowledge__ This is a timeline of the War in Donbass, from 1 July 2017.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2017) __knowledge__ The timeline follows an ongoing conflict between Ukraine and anti-government pro-Russian separatists supported by Russian troops in the Donbass region in eastern Ukraine.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2017) __knowledge__ According to the information provided by the spokesman of the Ukrainian operational headquarters in the morning, pro-Russian troops had opened fire on 35 occasions on Ukrainian positions on the last day of June (including on 17 occasions in the outskirts of Donetsk city, on 17 occasions in the region of Mariupol, and on 1 occasion in Luhansk region).", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2017) __knowledge__ The spokesman of the Ministry of Defence on issues related to ATO, \"polkovnyk\" Andriy Lysenko, reported at noon that one Ukrainian serviceman was killed and nine were wounded and injured in the Donbass region on 30 June.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (April–June 2017) __knowledge__ This is a timeline of the War in Donbass, from 1 April 2017.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (April–June 2017) __knowledge__ The timeline follows an ongoing conflict between Ukraine and anti-government pro-Russian separatists supported by Russian troops in the Donbass region in eastern Ukraine.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (April–June 2017) __knowledge__ According to the information provided by the spokesman of the Ukrainian operational headquarters in the morning, pro-Russian troops had opened fire on 94 occasions on Ukrainian positions on the last day of March (including on 34 occasions in the outskirts of Donetsk city, on 42 occasions in the region of Mariupol, and on 18 occasions in Luhansk region).", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (April–June 2017) __knowledge__ Twelve ceasefire violations were registered by the Ukrainian military during the first twelve hours of 1 April.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (January–March 2017) __knowledge__ This is a timeline of the War in Donbass, from 1 January 2017 to 31 March 2017.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (January–March 2017) __knowledge__ The timeline follows an ongoing conflict between Ukraine and anti-government pro-Russian separatists supported by Russian troops in the Donbass region in eastern Ukraine.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (January–March 2017) __knowledge__ According to the information provided by the spokesman of the Ukrainian operational headquarters in the morning, pro-Russian troops had opened fire on 44 occasions on Ukrainian positions during the last day of 2016; including on 11 occasions in the outskirts of Donetsk city, on 30 occasions in the region of Mariupol, and on 3 occasions in Luhansk region.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (April–June 2016) __knowledge__ This is a timeline of the War in Donbass, from 1 April 2016.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (April–June 2016) __knowledge__ The timeline follows an ongoing conflict between Ukraine and anti-government pro-Russian separatists supported by Russian troops in the Donbass region in eastern Ukraine.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (April–June 2016) __knowledge__ According to the information provided by the spokesman of the Ukrainian operational headquarters in the morning, pro-Russian troops had opened fire on 77 occasions on Ukrainian troops on 31 March.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (April–June 2016) __knowledge__ Separatists authorities recorded 63 Ukrainian violations of the ceasefire.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (April–June 2016) __knowledge__ The Ukrainian military used heavy machine guns, 82 mm and 120 mm mortars, armoured fighting vehicles, tanks, 122 mm self-propelled guns and 152 mm howitzers.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (October–December 2017) __knowledge__ This is a timeline of the War in Donbass, from 1 October 2017.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (October–December 2017) __knowledge__ The timeline follows an ongoing conflict between Ukraine and anti-government pro-Russian separatists supported by Russian troops in the Donbass region in eastern Ukraine.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (October–December 2017) __knowledge__ According to the information provided by the spokesman of the Ukrainian operational headquarters in the morning, pro-Russian troops had opened fire on 20 occasions on Ukrainian positions on the last day of September (including on 10 occasions in the outskirts of Donetsk city, on 9 occasions in the region of Mariupol, and on 1 occasion in Luhansk region); the fire was returned on 12 occasions.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2016) __knowledge__ This is a timeline of the War in Donbass, from 1 July to 30 September 2016.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2016) __knowledge__ The timeline follows an ongoing conflict between Ukraine and anti-government pro-Russian separatists supported by Russian troops in the Donbass region in eastern Ukraine.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2016) __knowledge__ According to the information provided by the spokesman of the Ukrainian operational headquarters in the morning, pro-Russian troops had opened fire on 58 occasions on Ukrainian troops on 30 June.", "Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2016) __knowledge__ The spokesman of the Presidential Administration of Ukraine on issues related to ATO, \"polkovnyk\" Andriy Lysenko, reported at noon that one Ukrainian serviceman was killed in action and four others were wounded in the Donbass region during the last day of June.", "High Point University __knowledge__ High Point University is a private liberal arts university in High Point, North Carolina, U.S., affiliated with the United Methodist Church.", "High Point University __knowledge__ Founded as High Point College in 1924, it became High Point University in October 1991.", "High Point University __knowledge__ HPU offers 47 undergraduate majors, 51 undergraduate minors and 12 graduate-degree majors.", "High Point University __knowledge__ High Point University was ranked No.", "High Point University __knowledge__ 1 among all regional colleges in the south and No.", "High Point University __knowledge__ 1 for the most innovative regional colleges in the south in the \"America's Best Colleges\" 2016 Edition, published by U.S News & World Report.", "High Point University __knowledge__ In the mid-19th century, the Methodist Protestant Church, which is now part of the United Methodist Church, became active in educational pursuits in North Carolina.", "High Point, North Carolina __knowledge__ High Point is a city located in the Piedmont Triad region of the State of North Carolina.", "High Point, North Carolina __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census the city had a total population of 104,371, with an estimated population of 108,629 in 2014.", "High Point, North Carolina __knowledge__ High Point is currently the ninth-largest municipality in North Carolina.", "High Point, North Carolina __knowledge__ High Point is known for its furniture, textiles, and bus manufacturing.", "High Point, North Carolina __knowledge__ The city is sometimes referred to as the \"Home Furnishings Capital of the World\".", "High Point, North Carolina __knowledge__ The city's official slogan is \"North Carolina's International City\" due to the semi-annual High Point Furniture Market that attracts 100,000 exhibitors and buyers from around the world.", "Methods of detecting exoplanets __knowledge__ Any planet is an extremely faint light source compared to its parent star.", "Methods of detecting exoplanets __knowledge__ For example, a star like the Sun is about a billion times as bright as the reflected light from any of the planets orbiting it.", "Methods of detecting exoplanets __knowledge__ In addition to the intrinsic difficulty of detecting such a faint light source, the light from the parent star causes a glare that washes it out.", "Methods of detecting exoplanets __knowledge__ For those reasons, very few of the extrasolar planets reported have been observed directly, with even fewer being resolved from their host star.", "Methods of detecting exoplanets __knowledge__ Instead, astronomers have generally had to resort to indirect methods to detect extrasolar planets.", "Methods of detecting exoplanets __knowledge__ As of 2016, several different indirect methods have yielded success.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ Attacks on parachutists, as defined by the law of war, is when pilots, aircrews, and passengers are attacked while descending by parachute from disabled aircraft during wartime.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ This practice is considered by most militaries around the world to be inhumane, barbaric, and unchivalrous, that it is unnecessary killing (the attacked personnel would eventually become POWs if parachuted over enemy territory), and that it is contrary to fair play.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ Attacking parachutists from aircraft in distress is a war crime under the Protocol I addition to the 1949 Geneva Conventions.", "Attacks on parachutists __knowledge__ Firing on airborne forces who are descending by parachute, even if their aircraft is in distress, is not prohibited.", "High Point Panthers __knowledge__ The High Point Panthers are the 16 varsity athletic teams that represent High Point University (HPU) in North Carolina, United States.", "High Point Panthers __knowledge__ All of HPU's varsity teams compete at the NCAA Division I level.", "High Point Panthers __knowledge__ All sports except men's lacrosse compete in the Big South Conference.", "High Point Panthers __knowledge__ The men's lacrosse team joined the Southern Conference July 1, 2014.", "High Point Panthers __knowledge__ The Panthers joined Division I in 1999, after having been NCAA Division II and being members of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) prior to 1992.", "High Point Panthers __knowledge__ HPU was a founding member of the North State Conference, which is now the NCAA Division II Conference Carolinas.", "Dew point __knowledge__ The dew point is the temperature to which air must be cooled to become saturated with water vapor.", "Dew point __knowledge__ When further cooled, the airborne water vapor will condense to form liquid water (dew).", "Dew point __knowledge__ When air cools to its dew point through contact with a surface that is colder than the air, water will condense on the surface.", "Dew point __knowledge__ When the temperature is below the freezing point of water, the dew point is called the frost point, as frost is formed rather than dew.", "Dew point __knowledge__ The measurement of the dew point is related to humidity.", "Dew point __knowledge__ A higher dew point means there will be more moisture in the air.", "Dew point __knowledge__ Given that all the other factors influencing humidity remain constant, at ground level the relative humidity rises as the temperature falls." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Parachuting, or skydiving, is a method of transiting from a high point to Earth with the aid of gravity, involving the control of speed during the descent with the use of a parachute.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ It may involve more or less free-falling which is a period during the parachute has not been deployed and the body gradually accelerates to terminal velocity.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first parachute jump in history was made by André-Jacques Garnerin, the inventor of the parachute, on October 22, 1797.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin tested his contraption by leaping from a hydrogen balloon above Paris.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Garnerin's parachute bore little resemblance to today's parachutes, however, as it was not packed into any sort of container and did not feature a ripcord.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The first intentional freefall jump with a ripcord-operated deployment was not made until over a century later by Leslie Irvin in 1919.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ While Georgia Broadwick made an earlier freefall in 1914 when her static line became entangled with her jump aircraft's tail assembly, her freefall descent was not planned.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ Broadwick cut her static line and deployed her parachute manually, only as a means of freeing herself from the aircraft to which she had become entangled.", "Parachuting __knowledge__ The military developed parachuting technology as a way to save aircrews from emergencies aboard balloons and aircraft in flight, and later as a way of delivering soldiers to the battlefield.", "Floating-point arithmetic __knowledge__ In computing, floating-point arithmetic is arithmetic using formulaic representation of real numbers as an approximation so as to support a trade-off between range and precision.", "Floating-point arithmetic __knowledge__ For this reason, floating-point computation is often found in systems which include very small and very large real numbers, which require fast processing times.", "Floating-point arithmetic __knowledge__ A number is, in general, represented approximately to a fixed number of significant digits (the significand) and scaled using an exponent in some fixed base; the base for the scaling is normally two, ten, or sixteen.", "Floating-point arithmetic __knowledge__ A number that can be represented exactly is of the following form: where significand is an integer (i.e., in Z), base is an integer greater than or equal to two, and exponent is also an integer.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Forensic firearm examination __knowledge__ Forensic firearm examination is the forensic process of examining the characteristics of firearms as well as any cartridges or bullets left behind at a crime scene.", "Forensic firearm examination __knowledge__ Specialists in this field are tasked with linking bullets and cartridges to weapons and weapons to individuals.", "Forensic firearm examination __knowledge__ Obliterated serial numbers can be raised and recorded in an attempt to find the registered owner of the weapon.", "Forensic firearm examination __knowledge__ Examiners can also look for fingerprints on the weapon and cartridges, and then viable prints can be processed through fingerprint databases for a potential match.", "Forensic firearm examination __knowledge__ By examining unique striations, or markings, left behind on the bullet as it passes through the barrel and on the cartridge as it is hit by the firing pin, individual spent rounds can be linked back to a specific weapon.", "Somewhere Else (Marillion album) __knowledge__ Somewhere Else is the fourteenth studio album by British neo-progressive rock band Marillion.", "Somewhere Else (Marillion album) __knowledge__ It was released by the band's own label, Intact Records, in the United Kingdom on 9 April 2007.", "Somewhere Else (Marillion album) __knowledge__ Produced by Michael Hunter, the album was recorded during 2006 at The Racket Club in Buckinghamshire, except the track \"Faith\", written during the Marbles sessions and recorded the previous year.", "Somewhere Else (Marillion album) __knowledge__ The album title was initially supposed to be \"14\" and a cover art was prepared to match with it.", "Somewhere Else (Marillion album) __knowledge__ However, the name altered and a new artwork became necessary.", "Somewhere Else (Marillion album) __knowledge__ The final variant of the cover featuring a tower viewer also known as a coin-operated binoculars was designed by Carl Glover.", "Adaptive mesh refinement __knowledge__ In numerical analysis, adaptive mesh refinement, or AMR, is a method of adapting the accuracy of a solution within certain sensitive or turbulent regions of simulation, dynamically and during the time the solution is being calculated.", "Adaptive mesh refinement __knowledge__ When solutions are calculated numerically, they are often limited to pre-determined quantified grids as in the Cartesian plane which constitute the computational grid, or 'mesh'.", "Adaptive mesh refinement __knowledge__ Many problems in numerical analysis, however, do not require a uniform precision in the numerical grids used for graph plotting or computational simulation, and would be better suited if specific areas of graphs which needed precision could be refined in quantification only in the regions requiring the added precision.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "Standard diving dress __knowledge__ Standard diving dress (also known as hard-hat or copper hat equipment, or heavy gear) is a type of diving suit that was formerly used for all underwater work that required more than breath-hold duration, which included marine salvage, civil engineering, pearl shell diving and other commercial diving work, and similar naval diving applications.", "Standard diving dress __knowledge__ Standard diving dress has largely been superseded by lighter and more comfortable equipment.", "Standard diving dress __knowledge__ Standard diving dress consists of a diving helmet made from copper and brass or bronze, an air hose from a surface supplied diving pump, a waterproofed canvas suit, a diving knife, and weights to counteract buoyancy, generally on the chest, back and shoes.", "Speech recognition __knowledge__ Speech recognition is the inter-disciplinary sub-field of computational linguistics that develops methodologies and technologies that enables the recognition and translation of spoken language into text by computers.", "Speech recognition __knowledge__ It is also known as \"automatic speech recognition\" (ASR), \"computer speech recognition\", or just \"speech to text\" (STT).", "Speech recognition __knowledge__ It incorporates knowledge and research in the linguistics, computer science, and electrical engineering fields.", "Speech recognition __knowledge__ Some speech recognition systems require \"training\" (also called \"enrollment\") where an individual speaker reads text or isolated vocabulary into the system.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ Hatch Mott MacDonald (HMM) is a consulting engineering firm serving public and private clients in North America.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM’s capabilities include planning, project development, studies and analysis, design, procurement, and construction engineering and inspection.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM also provides project, program and construction management as well as facility maintenance and operations.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ Hatch Mott MacDonald was founded in 1996 by its parent companies, Hatch Ltd and Mott MacDonald.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM was intended to take advantage of engineering opportunities in North America.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM originally provided the bulk of its services in transportation, including the design of tunnels, rail systems, bridges, highways, and airport infrastructure.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical Markov model in which the system being modeled is assumed to be a Markov process with unobserved (i.e.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ \"hidden\") states.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ The hidden Markov model can be represented as the simplest dynamic Bayesian network.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ The mathematics behind the HMM were developed by L. E. Baum and coworkers.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ In simpler Markov models (like a Markov chain), the state is directly visible to the observer, and therefore the state transition probabilities are the only parameters, while in the hidden Markov model, the state is not directly visible, but the output, dependent on the state, is visible.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 365 (VMM-365) is a United States Marine Corps tiltrotor squadron consisting of MV-22B Osprey transport aircraft.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"Blue Knights\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station New River, North Carolina and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 26 (MAG-26) and the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing (2nd MAW).", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Provide assault support of combat troops, supplies, and equipment during amphibious operations and subsequent operations ashore.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 365 was established on July 1, 1963 at Marine Corps Air Facility Santa Ana, California.", "The Left Hand of Darkness __knowledge__ The Left Hand of Darkness is a science fiction novel by U.S. writer Ursula K. Le Guin, published in 1969.", "The Left Hand of Darkness __knowledge__ The novel became immensely popular and established Le Guin's status as a major author of science fiction.", "The Left Hand of Darkness __knowledge__ The novel follows the story of Genly Ai, a native of Terra, who is sent to the planet of Gethen as an envoy of the Ekumen, a loose confederation of planets.", "The Left Hand of Darkness __knowledge__ Ai's mission is to persuade the nations of Gethen to join the Ekumen, but he is stymied by his lack of understanding of Gethenian culture.", "The Left Hand of Darkness __knowledge__ Individuals on Gethen are \"ambisexual\", with no fixed sex.", "The Left Hand of Darkness __knowledge__ This fact has a strong influence on the culture of the planet, and creates a barrier of understanding for Ai.", "Da Nang Air Base __knowledge__ Da Nang Air Base () (1930s–1975) (also known as Da Nang Airfield, Tourane Airfield or Tourane Air Base) was a French Air Force and later Republic of Vietnam Air Force (VNAF) facility.", "Da Nang Air Base __knowledge__ It is located in the city of Da Nang in southern Vietnam.", "Da Nang Air Base __knowledge__ During the Vietnam War (1959–1975), it was a major base with United States Army, United States Air Force (USAF), and United States Marine Corps (USMC) units stationed there.", "Da Nang Air Base __knowledge__ Air Vietnam also used the facility from 1951 to 1975 for civilian domestic and international flights within Southeast Asia.", "Da Nang Air Base __knowledge__ On 22 September 1940, the Vichy Government signed an agreement with Japan allowing the Japanese to station troops in Tonkin and use three airfields there.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 265 (VMM-265) is a United States Marine Corps transport squadron consisting of MV-22 Osprey tiltrotor aircraft.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"Dragons\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, Okinawa, Japan and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 36 (MAG-36) and the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing (1st MAW).", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ Support the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Commander by providing assault support transport of combat troops, supplies and equipment, day or night under all weather conditions during expeditionary, joint or combined operations.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ HMM-265 was commissioned on October 1, 1962 at Marine Corps Air Facility Jacksonville, North Carolina." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Yeah parachuting or skydiving would be really exciting!", "Well I know that parachuting is transiting from a high point back down to the surface.", "Hmm true, it also involves control of speed during the descent.", "Exactly! It takes a lot more finesse to land when skydiving than most people think. A lot of control." ]

[ "Parachuting", "Parachuting", "Parachuting", "Parachuting" ]

[ "Humane society\nI am a big proponent of the Humane society and volunteer there an hour every week.", "I see, how much do you donate?", "That is very good of you. I also work at a no kill shelter which helps me make a difference in my community.", "That is thoughtful of you. Are they for stray cats? ", "That is good. You're doing well for them! I wish people would stop breeding cats and just adopt stray ones." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Humane society __knowledge__ A humane society is a group that aims to stop human or animal suffering due to cruelty or other reasons.", "Humane society __knowledge__ In many countries, the term is used mostly for societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals (SPCA).", "Humane society __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, it may also be a society that provides a waterways rescue, prevention, and recovery service, or that gives awards for the saving of human life (see: Royal Humane Society).", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA), based on the British Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA), was set up in Victoria in 1871.", "Humane society __knowledge__ This was followed by New South Wales in 1873; South Australia in 1875; Tasmania in 1878; Queensland in 1883; Western Australia in 1892; Australian Capital Territory in 1955 and Darwin in 1965.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The Royal Warrant was given to the WA SPCA in 1920, followed by NSW SPCA in 1923, South Australia in 1937, Queensland in 1955, Tasmania in 1956 and Victoria in 1956.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The national organisation, RSPCA Australia, was formed in 1981 to give a national voice on policy matters and advise the federal government on animal welfare issues.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first SPCA in Canada was the Canadian SPCA founded in Montreal in 1869.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The other societies developed on a regional basis and now 123 societies are represented at a federal level by the Canadian Federation of Humane Societies.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ Joshua James (November 22, 1826March 19, 1902) was an American sea captain and a U.S. Lifesaving Station keeper.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ He was a famous and celebrated commander of civilian life-saving crews in the 19th century, credited with saving over 200 lives from the age of about 15 when he first associated himself with the Massachusetts Humane Society until his death at the age of 75 while on duty with the United States Life-Saving Service.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ During his lifetime he was honored with the highest medals of the Humane Society and the United States.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ His father, mother, brothers, wife, and son were also lifesavers in their own right.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ San Diego Humane Society and SPCA, is a non-profit organization in San Diego, California with three campuses in San Diego County.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ The organization's programs include; sheltering and adopting animals, investigating animal cruelty and neglect, rescuing animals in emergency situations, positive reinforcement behavior training through public training classes, providing adult and youth education programs, sharing animals through pet-assisted therapy and more.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ In Oceanside and Vista, the San Diego Humane Society North Campus provides animal control and stray pet services for the public.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ To promote the humane treatment of animals, to prevent cruelty to animals, and provide education to enhance the human-animal bond.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Organized in 1883, the Hawaiian Humane Society is an education and advocacy organization that also shelters, protects, rescues, reunites and rehomes animals.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ It is Oahu's only open-admission shelter that welcomes all animals.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Established in 1883, this non-profit organization is not a chapter of any group as there is no national humane society.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Gifts made directly to this independent, local organization help local animals and people.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Visit HawaiianHumane.org to learn more.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ While the modern-day humane society is known for sheltering homeless pets, in the early 1900s it also cared for children, unwed mothers and others considered to be society's most vulnerable.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ The Liberty Humane Society is an animal shelter and humane society in New Jersey The Liberty Humane Society was created in 1998 to work in partnership with Jersey City to build and manage an animal shelter.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ Jersey City had previously contracted with the Hudson County SPCA to provide it with animal sheltering services, but the SPCA was deemed unsatisfactory.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ In 2002, after a state investigation revealed numerous abuses, mismanagement, and financial misdealings at the SPCA, the City dropped its contract and opened its own animal shelter in a converted garage.", "Liberty Humane Society __knowledge__ The Liberty Humane Society provided volunteer and financial support, and participated in managerial and hiring decisions with the City.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane (AH) is an organization founded in 1877, committed to ensuring the safety, welfare and well-being of animals.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane's leadership programs are first to serve in promoting and nurturing the bonds between animals and humans.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ It was previously called the International Humane Association, before changing its name in 1878.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ In 1940, it became the sole monitoring body for the humane treatment of animals on the sets of Hollywood films and other broadcast productions.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane is best known for its trademarked certification \"No Animals Were Harmed\", which appears at the end of film or television credits." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Humane society __knowledge__ A humane society is a group that aims to stop human or animal suffering due to cruelty or other reasons.", "Humane society __knowledge__ In many countries, the term is used mostly for societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals (SPCA).", "Humane society __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, it may also be a society that provides a waterways rescue, prevention, and recovery service, or that gives awards for the saving of human life (see: Royal Humane Society).", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA), based on the British Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA), was set up in Victoria in 1871.", "Humane society __knowledge__ This was followed by New South Wales in 1873; South Australia in 1875; Tasmania in 1878; Queensland in 1883; Western Australia in 1892; Australian Capital Territory in 1955 and Darwin in 1965.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The Royal Warrant was given to the WA SPCA in 1920, followed by NSW SPCA in 1923, South Australia in 1937, Queensland in 1955, Tasmania in 1956 and Victoria in 1956.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The national organisation, RSPCA Australia, was formed in 1981 to give a national voice on policy matters and advise the federal government on animal welfare issues.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first SPCA in Canada was the Canadian SPCA founded in Montreal in 1869.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The other societies developed on a regional basis and now 123 societies are represented at a federal level by the Canadian Federation of Humane Societies.", "Sperm donation __knowledge__ Sperm donation is the provision (or \"donation\") by a man (known as a sperm donor) of his sperm (known as donor sperm), principally for it to be used in the artificial insemination of a female or females who are not his sexual partners.", "Sperm donation __knowledge__ Sperm may be donated privately and directly to the intended recipient, or through a sperm bank or fertility clinic.", "Sperm donation __knowledge__ Sperm donation enables a man to father a child for third-party females, and is therefore, categorized as a form of third party reproduction.", "Sperm donation __knowledge__ Pregnancies are usually achieved by using donor sperm in assisted reproductive technology (ART) techniques which include artificial insemination (either by intracervical insemination (ICI) or intrauterine insemination (IUI) in a clinic, or intravaginal insemination at home).", "Organ donation __knowledge__ Organ donation is when a person allows an organ of theirs to be removed, legally, either by consent while the donor is alive or after death with the assent of the next of kin.", "Organ donation __knowledge__ Donation may be for research, or, more commonly healthy transplantable organs and tissues may be donated to be transplanted into another person.", "Organ donation __knowledge__ Common transplantations include: kidneys, heart, liver, pancreas, intestines, lungs, bones, bone marrow, skin, and corneas.", "Organ donation __knowledge__ Some organs and tissues can be donated by living donors, such as a kidney or part of the liver, part of the pancreas, part of the lungs or part of the intestines, but most donations occur after the donor has died.", "Blood donation __knowledge__ A blood donation occurs when a person voluntarily has blood drawn and used for transfusions and/or made into biopharmaceutical medications by a process called fractionation (separation of whole-blood components).", "Blood donation __knowledge__ Donation may be of whole blood (WB), or of specific components directly (the latter called apheresis).", "Blood donation __knowledge__ Blood banks often participate in the collection process as well as the procedures that follow it.", "Blood donation __knowledge__ Today in the developed world, most blood donors are unpaid volunteers who donate blood for a community supply.", "Blood donation __knowledge__ In poorer countries, established supplies are limited and donors usually give blood when family or friends need a transfusion (directed donation).", "Ice Bucket Challenge __knowledge__ The Ice Bucket Challenge, sometimes called the ALS Ice Bucket Challenge, is an activity involving the dumping of a bucket of ice and water over a person's head, either by another person or self-administered, to promote awareness of the disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, also known as motor neurone disease and in the US as Lou Gehrig's disease) and encourage donations to research.", "Ice Bucket Challenge __knowledge__ It went viral on social media during July–August 2014.", "Ice Bucket Challenge __knowledge__ In the US, many people participated for the ALS Association, and in the UK, many people participated for the Motor Neurone Disease Association, although some individuals opted to donate their money from the Ice Bucket Challenge to other organizations.", "Donate Life America __knowledge__ Donate Life America, founded in 1992 as the Coalition on Donation, is a 501(c)3 not-for-profit alliance of national organizations and 47 state-based organizations across the United States called Donate Life State Teams dedicated to educating the public and advocating for organ, eye and tissue donation.", "Donate Life America __knowledge__ Donate Life America is funded by contributions from the public, corporations, and affiliated organizations.", "Donate Life America __knowledge__ The organization works toward creating a more aware and educated population on the importance of organ, eye, and tissue donation through many different mediums.", "Donate Life America __knowledge__ Donate Life America publishes brochures, program kits, and educational materials, along with print, radio, and television advertising in order to spread awareness.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Historically, an armourer is a person who makes personal armour, especially plate armour.", "Armourer __knowledge__ In modern terms, an armourer is a member of a military or police force who works in an armoury and maintains and repairs small arms and weapons systems, with some duties resembling those of a civilian gunsmith.", "Armourer __knowledge__ With the renewed interest in traditional armour and weaponry, the occupation also involves working with film, stage, and historical and reenactment societies.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Period costumes may require reproduction armour, swords, and related equipment.", "Armourer __knowledge__ Armourers are the oldest trade in the British Army and trace their heritage back several centuries.", "Organ trade __knowledge__ Organ trade is the trade of human organs, tissues or other body parts for the purpose of transplantation.", "Organ trade __knowledge__ There is a global need or demand for healthy body parts for transplantation, far exceeding the numbers available.", "Organ trade __knowledge__ , about 90,000 people were reported to be waiting for a new organ in the United States.", "Organ trade __knowledge__ On average, an individual will wait three and a half years for an organ to become available for transplant.", "Organ trade __knowledge__ There is a worldwide shortage of organs available for transplantation, yet commercial trade in human organs was at one point illegal in all countries except Iran.", "Organ trade __knowledge__ The legal status of organ trade, however, is changing around the world.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ Joshua James (November 22, 1826March 19, 1902) was an American sea captain and a U.S. Lifesaving Station keeper.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ He was a famous and celebrated commander of civilian life-saving crews in the 19th century, credited with saving over 200 lives from the age of about 15 when he first associated himself with the Massachusetts Humane Society until his death at the age of 75 while on duty with the United States Life-Saving Service.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ During his lifetime he was honored with the highest medals of the Humane Society and the United States.", "Joshua James (lifesaver) __knowledge__ His father, mother, brothers, wife, and son were also lifesavers in their own right.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ San Diego Humane Society and SPCA, is a non-profit organization in San Diego, California with three campuses in San Diego County.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ The organization's programs include; sheltering and adopting animals, investigating animal cruelty and neglect, rescuing animals in emergency situations, positive reinforcement behavior training through public training classes, providing adult and youth education programs, sharing animals through pet-assisted therapy and more.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ In Oceanside and Vista, the San Diego Humane Society North Campus provides animal control and stray pet services for the public.", "San Diego Humane Society __knowledge__ To promote the humane treatment of animals, to prevent cruelty to animals, and provide education to enhance the human-animal bond.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane (AH) is an organization founded in 1877, committed to ensuring the safety, welfare and well-being of animals.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane's leadership programs are first to serve in promoting and nurturing the bonds between animals and humans.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ It was previously called the International Humane Association, before changing its name in 1878.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ In 1940, it became the sole monitoring body for the humane treatment of animals on the sets of Hollywood films and other broadcast productions.", "American Humane Association __knowledge__ American Humane is best known for its trademarked certification \"No Animals Were Harmed\", which appears at the end of film or television credits.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Organized in 1883, the Hawaiian Humane Society is an education and advocacy organization that also shelters, protects, rescues, reunites and rehomes animals.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ It is Oahu's only open-admission shelter that welcomes all animals.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Established in 1883, this non-profit organization is not a chapter of any group as there is no national humane society.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Gifts made directly to this independent, local organization help local animals and people.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ Visit HawaiianHumane.org to learn more.", "Hawaiian Humane Society __knowledge__ While the modern-day humane society is known for sheltering homeless pets, in the early 1900s it also cared for children, unwed mothers and others considered to be society's most vulnerable.", "Michigan Humane Society __knowledge__ The Michigan Humane Society (MHS) is a private, non-profit organization providing animal welfare and sheltering services to the metropolitan Detroit area.", "Michigan Humane Society __knowledge__ Events at the Michigan Humane Society are featured in the Animal Planet channel's reality television series \"\".", "Michigan Humane Society __knowledge__ The Michigan Humane Society is a private, non-profit organization serving the animals and people of metropolitan Detroit.", "Michigan Humane Society __knowledge__ Founded in 1877, it is the state of Michigan's oldest and largest animal welfare organization.", "Michigan Humane Society __knowledge__ In addition, it is one of the largest animal welfare organizations in the country based on the number of animals cared for and the scope of programs and services." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Humane society __knowledge__ A humane society is a group that aims to stop human or animal suffering due to cruelty or other reasons.", "Humane society __knowledge__ In many countries, the term is used mostly for societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals (SPCA).", "Humane society __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, it may also be a society that provides a waterways rescue, prevention, and recovery service, or that gives awards for the saving of human life (see: Royal Humane Society).", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA), based on the British Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA), was set up in Victoria in 1871.", "Humane society __knowledge__ This was followed by New South Wales in 1873; South Australia in 1875; Tasmania in 1878; Queensland in 1883; Western Australia in 1892; Australian Capital Territory in 1955 and Darwin in 1965.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The Royal Warrant was given to the WA SPCA in 1920, followed by NSW SPCA in 1923, South Australia in 1937, Queensland in 1955, Tasmania in 1956 and Victoria in 1956.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The national organisation, RSPCA Australia, was formed in 1981 to give a national voice on policy matters and advise the federal government on animal welfare issues.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first SPCA in Canada was the Canadian SPCA founded in Montreal in 1869.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The other societies developed on a regional basis and now 123 societies are represented at a federal level by the Canadian Federation of Humane Societies.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "Western Plains Animal Refuge __knowledge__ Western Plains Animal Refuge is a non-profit, no-kill shelter and wildlife rehabilitation center located in Hays, Kansas.", "Western Plains Animal Refuge __knowledge__ It was incorporated in 2006 by Jessica Braun, DVM, and Curt Braun after changes in Kansas wildlife rehabilitation requirements resulted in tougher requirements for wildlife rehabilitators in the state to operate.", "Western Plains Animal Refuge __knowledge__ As a result, an estimated 75% of the available rehabilitators were forced to close their doors.", "Western Plains Animal Refuge __knowledge__ At the same time, euthanasia rates for domestic animals in regional shelters were not improving, so it was the vision of the Brauns to provide a safe haven for injured, abandoned and suffering animals.", "No Kill Advocacy Center __knowledge__ Based in Oakland, California, the No Kill Advocacy Center is a non-profit organization led by Nathan Winograd, dedicated to expanding no kill animal sheltering across the United States.", "No Kill Advocacy Center __knowledge__ The No Kill Advocacy Center was founded in 2004 by Nathan Winograd, after he had \"created the nation's first—and at the time, only—No Kill community\" in Tompkins County, New York.", "No Kill Advocacy Center __knowledge__ Rather than accepting the typical approach of the humane movement \"that the best shelters can do for homeless animals is to adopt out some and kill the rest\", Winograd believed that a shelter could save \"100 percent of healthy and treatable animals, and 100 percent of feral cats\".", "Siberian tiger __knowledge__ The Siberian tiger (\"Panthera tigris tigris\"), also called Amur tiger, is a tiger population inhabiting mainly the Sikhote Alin mountain region in southwest Primorye Province in the Russian Far East.", "Siberian tiger __knowledge__ The Siberian tiger once ranged throughout Korea, north-eastern China, Russian Far East, and eastern Mongolia.", "Siberian tiger __knowledge__ In 2005, there were 331–393 adult and subadult Siberian tigers in this region, with a breeding adult population of about 250 individuals.", "Siberian tiger __knowledge__ The population had been stable for more than a decade due to intensive conservation efforts, but partial surveys conducted after 2005 indicate that the Russian tiger population was declining.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of The Walking Dead (TV series) characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from \"The Walking Dead\" television series based on the eponymous comic book series.", "List of The Walking Dead (TV series) characters __knowledge__ Although some characters appear in both the television and comic serieses, the continuity of the television series is not shared with the original comic book series.", "List of The Walking Dead (TV series) characters __knowledge__ Rick Grimes, portrayed by Andrew Lincoln, is a former sheriff's deputy from a small Georgia town.", "List of The Walking Dead (TV series) characters __knowledge__ He is often described as an everyman — smart, calm, just, and a good friend, husband and father, but with his own set of flaws.", "List of The Walking Dead (TV series) characters __knowledge__ Rick is a natural leader even when he might doubt himself, but these doubts contribute to the ups and downs his character experiences throughout the series.", "Cruelty to animals __knowledge__ Cruelty to animals, also called animal abuse, animal neglect or animal cruelty, is the infliction by omission (animal neglect) or by commission by humans of suffering or harm upon any non-human animal, regardless of whether the act is against the law.", "Cruelty to animals __knowledge__ More narrowly, it can be the causing of harm or suffering for specific achievement, such as killing animals for food or for their fur; opinions differ about the extent of cruelty associated with a given method of slaughter.", "Cruelty to animals __knowledge__ Cruelty to animals sometimes encompasses inflicting harm or suffering as an end in itself, defined as zoosadism.", "Cruelty to animals __knowledge__ Divergent approaches to laws concerning animal cruelty occur in different jurisdictions throughout the world.", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ The Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty (Nova Scotia SPCA) is a not-for-profit charitable society organized under the \"Animal Protection Act\" of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ The Society is dedicated to the prevention of cruelty to animals and to the promotion of respect and humane care for animals.", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ Its members are committed to providing humane leadership in animal advocacy, protection, education, and veterinary care.", "Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty __knowledge__ The Nova Scotia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals is involved solely with the prevention of cruelty to animals and the promotion of humane education.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "Puppy mill __knowledge__ A puppy mill, sometimes known as a puppy farm, is a commercial dog breeding facility.", "Puppy mill __knowledge__ According to the Humane Society of the United States, there are an estimated 10,000 licensed and unlicensed puppy mills in the United States, in total selling more than 2,000,000 puppies annually.", "Puppy mill __knowledge__ Although no standardized legal definition for \"puppy mill\" exists, a definition was established in \"Avenson v. Zegart\" in 1984 as \"a dog breeding operation in which the health of the dogs is disregarded in order to maintain a low overhead and maximize profits\".", "Puppy mill __knowledge__ The ASPCA uses a similar definition: \"a large-scale commercial dog breeding operation where profit is given priority over the well-being of the dogs.\"", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Animal hoarding is keeping a higher-than-usual number of animals as domestic pets without ability to properly house or care for them, while at the same time denying this inability.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Compulsive hoarding can be characterized as a symptom of mental disorder rather than deliberate cruelty towards animals.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarders are deeply attached to their pets and find it extremely difficult to let the pets go.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ They typically cannot comprehend that they are harming their pets by failing to provide them with proper care.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarders tend to believe that they provide the right amount of care for them.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals provides a \"Hoarding Prevention Team\", which works with hoarders to help them attain a manageable and healthy number of pets.", "Steve Hindi __knowledge__ Steven Omar \"Steve\" Hindi (born ) is an American animal rights activist and businessman.", "Steve Hindi __knowledge__ He is the founder and president of the animal rights organization Showing Animals Respect and Kindness (SHARK).", "Steve Hindi __knowledge__ Born in St. Paul, Minnesota, Hindi grew up in a hunting and fishing culture.", "Steve Hindi __knowledge__ In 1985, he caught a 230-pound Mako shark in a feat that received a writeup in the \"New York Daily News\".", "Steve Hindi __knowledge__ He ceased hunting and fishing after witnessing a live pigeon shoot in Pennsylvania on Labor Day, September 4, 1989.", "Steve Hindi __knowledge__ Shocked and disgusted by the sight of thousands of pigeons getting shot after flying from boxes, Hindi vowed to give up his hunting hobby and fight against it instead." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Humane society __knowledge__ A humane society is a group that aims to stop human or animal suffering due to cruelty or other reasons.", "Humane society __knowledge__ In many countries, the term is used mostly for societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals (SPCA).", "Humane society __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, it may also be a society that provides a waterways rescue, prevention, and recovery service, or that gives awards for the saving of human life (see: Royal Humane Society).", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA), based on the British Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA), was set up in Victoria in 1871.", "Humane society __knowledge__ This was followed by New South Wales in 1873; South Australia in 1875; Tasmania in 1878; Queensland in 1883; Western Australia in 1892; Australian Capital Territory in 1955 and Darwin in 1965.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The Royal Warrant was given to the WA SPCA in 1920, followed by NSW SPCA in 1923, South Australia in 1937, Queensland in 1955, Tasmania in 1956 and Victoria in 1956.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The national organisation, RSPCA Australia, was formed in 1981 to give a national voice on policy matters and advise the federal government on animal welfare issues.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first SPCA in Canada was the Canadian SPCA founded in Montreal in 1869.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The other societies developed on a regional basis and now 123 societies are represented at a federal level by the Canadian Federation of Humane Societies.", "Stray Cats __knowledge__ The group, whose style was based upon the sounds of Sun Records artists and other artists from the 1950s, were heavily influenced by Eddie Cochran, Carl Perkins, Gene Vincent and Bill Haley & His Comets.", "Stray Cats __knowledge__ The Stray Cats quickly developed a large following in the New York music scene playing at CBGB and Max's Kansas City as well as venues on Long Island.", "Stray Cats __knowledge__ When the Cats heard a rumor that there was a revival of the 1950s Teddy Boy youth subculture in England, the band moved to the UK.", "Stray Cats __knowledge__ They then spearheaded the nascent rockabilly revival, by blending the 1950s Sun Studio sound with modern punk musical elements.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Trap-neuter-return (TNR) is a type of program through which free-roaming cats are trapped, sterilized (males are castrated and females undergo ovo-hysterectomies), and returned to the outdoor locations where they were found.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ If those locations are deemed unsafe or otherwise inappropriate, the cats may be relocated (barn/farmyard homes are often considered ideal).", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Kittens young enough to be socialized and friendly adult cats may be placed in foster care for eventual adoption into homes as companion animals rather than returned to the outdoors.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Cats found suffering with terminal, untreatable, and/or contagious illnesses or injuries are often euthanized.", "The Living End __knowledge__ The Living End are an Australian punk rock band, which formed in 1994.", "The Living End __knowledge__ Since 2002 the line up consists of Chris Cheney (vocals, guitar), Scott Owen (double bass, vocals) and Andy Strachan (drums).", "The Living End __knowledge__ The band rose to fame in 1997 after the release of their double A-sided single, \"Second Solution\" / \"Prisoner of Society\", which peaked at No.", "The Living End __knowledge__ 4 on the ARIA Singles Chart.", "The Living End __knowledge__ They have released six studio albums and two reached the No.", "The Living End __knowledge__ 1 spot on the ARIA Albums Chart: self-titled album (12 October 1998) and \"State of Emergency\" (4 February 2006).", "The Living End __knowledge__ They have also gained chart success in the United States and United Kingdom.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Brian Setzer __knowledge__ Brian Robert Setzer (born April 10, 1959) is an American guitarist, singer, and songwriter.", "Brian Setzer __knowledge__ He found widespread success in the early 1980s with the 1950s-style rockabilly group Stray Cats, and revitalized his career in the early 1990s with his swing revival band, the Brian Setzer Orchestra.", "Brian Setzer __knowledge__ Setzer was born April 1959 in Massapequa, New York.", "Brian Setzer __knowledge__ He started on the euphonium and played in jazz bands when he was in school.", "Brian Setzer __knowledge__ He found a way to hear jazz at the Village Vanguard, though as he got older he got interested in rock, punk, and rockabilly.", "Brian Setzer __knowledge__ He was a member of the Bloodless Pharaohs and the Tomcats, which he began with his brother, Gary.", "Feral cat __knowledge__ A feral cat is a cat that lives outdoors and has had little or no human contact.", "Feral cat __knowledge__ They do not allow themselves to be handled or touched by humans, and will run away if they are able.", "Feral cat __knowledge__ They typically remain hidden from humans, although some feral cats become more comfortable with people who regularly feed them.", "Feral cat __knowledge__ Even with long term attempts at socialization, feral cats usually remain fearful and avoidant of humans.", "Feral cat __knowledge__ Feral cats often live outdoors in colonies in locations where they can access food and shelter.", "Feral cat __knowledge__ These colonies are called \"managed colonies\" when they are provided with regular food and care by humans.", "Built for Speed (album) __knowledge__ Built for Speed is a platinum-certified album from the American rockabilly band Stray Cats, released in June 1982 by EMI America.", "Built for Speed (album) __knowledge__ It was the band's first American album.", "Built for Speed (album) __knowledge__ \"Built for Speed\" is essentially a compilation of 12 songs taken from the band's first two initially UK-released albums: six from \"Stray Cats\" and five from \"Gonna Ball\", plus the title track, \"Built for Speed\", which had not previously been released in the UK.", "Built for Speed (album) __knowledge__ It was the most successful record for the band, with the videos for songs such as \"Rock This Town\" and \"Stray Cat Strut\" reaching MTV regular rotation status.", "Built for Speed (album) __knowledge__ The title track was featured in the 1984 film \"Surf II\".", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Housing in Japan __knowledge__ Housing in Japan includes modern and traditional styles.", "Housing in Japan __knowledge__ Two patterns of residences are predominant in contemporary Japan: the single-family detached house and the multiple-unit building, either owned by an individual or corporation and rented as apartments to tenants, or owned by occupants.", "Housing in Japan __knowledge__ Additional kinds of housing, especially for unmarried people, include boarding houses (which are popular among college students), dormitories (common in companies), and barracks (for members of the Self-Defense Forces, police and some other public employees).", "Housing in Japan __knowledge__ An unusual feature of Japanese housing is that houses are presumed to have a limited lifespan, and are generally torn down and rebuilt after a few decades, generally twenty years for wooden buildings and thirty years for concrete buildings – see regulations for details.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "Air conditioning __knowledge__ Air conditioning (often referred to as AC, A/C, or air con) is the process of removing heat from the interior of an occupied space, to improve the comfort of occupants.", "Air conditioning __knowledge__ Air conditioning can be used in both domestic and commercial environments.", "Air conditioning __knowledge__ This process is most commonly used to achieve a more comfortable interior environment, typically for humans or animals; however, air conditioning is also used to cool/dehumidify rooms filled with heat-producing electronic devices, such as computer servers, power amplifiers, and even to display and store artwork.", "Air conditioning __knowledge__ Air conditioners often use a fan to distribute the conditioned air to an occupied space such as a building or a car to improve thermal comfort and indoor air quality.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ Warriors is a series of novels published by HarperCollins; it is written by authors Kate Cary, Cherith Baldry, Tui Sutherland, with the plot developed by editor Victoria Holmes, who collectively use the pseudonym Erin Hunter.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ The series follows the adventures of four Clans of wild cats—ThunderClan, ShadowClan, WindClan, and RiverClan —in their forest and lake homes, who look up to StarClan, their warriors ancestors, and spirits in the stars, who guide the four clans.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ SkyClan, the long-forgotten fifth Clan of the forest, is later introduced in the stand-alone novel \"Firestar's Quest\".", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ It receives additional focus in the novel \"SkyClan's Destiny\", the manga trilogy \"SkyClan and the Stranger\", and the 2013 novella \"Cloudstar's Journey\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Humane society __knowledge__ A humane society is a group that aims to stop human or animal suffering due to cruelty or other reasons.", "Humane society __knowledge__ In many countries, the term is used mostly for societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals (SPCA).", "Humane society __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, it may also be a society that provides a waterways rescue, prevention, and recovery service, or that gives awards for the saving of human life (see: Royal Humane Society).", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA), based on the British Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA), was set up in Victoria in 1871.", "Humane society __knowledge__ This was followed by New South Wales in 1873; South Australia in 1875; Tasmania in 1878; Queensland in 1883; Western Australia in 1892; Australian Capital Territory in 1955 and Darwin in 1965.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The Royal Warrant was given to the WA SPCA in 1920, followed by NSW SPCA in 1923, South Australia in 1937, Queensland in 1955, Tasmania in 1956 and Victoria in 1956.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The national organisation, RSPCA Australia, was formed in 1981 to give a national voice on policy matters and advise the federal government on animal welfare issues.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The first SPCA in Canada was the Canadian SPCA founded in Montreal in 1869.", "Humane society __knowledge__ The other societies developed on a regional basis and now 123 societies are represented at a federal level by the Canadian Federation of Humane Societies.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ The Iriomote cat (\"Prionailurus bengalensis iriomotensis\") is a subspecies of the leopard cat that lives exclusively on the Japanese island of Iriomote.", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ It has been listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List since 2008, as the only population comprises fewer than 250 adult individuals and is considered declining.", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ As of 2007, there were an estimated 100–109 individuals remaining.", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ In Japanese, it is called .", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ In local dialects of the Yaeyama language, it is known as , , and .", "Iriomote cat __knowledge__ The fur of the Iriomote cat is mostly dark gray and light brown, with lighter hair on the belly and insides of the limbs.", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Feral cat __knowledge__ A feral cat is a cat that lives outdoors and has had little or no human contact.", "Feral cat __knowledge__ They do not allow themselves to be handled or touched by humans, and will run away if they are able.", "Feral cat __knowledge__ They typically remain hidden from humans, although some feral cats become more comfortable with people who regularly feed them.", "Feral cat __knowledge__ Even with long term attempts at socialization, feral cats usually remain fearful and avoidant of humans.", "Feral cat __knowledge__ Feral cats often live outdoors in colonies in locations where they can access food and shelter.", "Feral cat __knowledge__ These colonies are called \"managed colonies\" when they are provided with regular food and care by humans.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Trap-neuter-return (TNR) is a type of program through which free-roaming cats are trapped, sterilized (males are castrated and females undergo ovo-hysterectomies), and returned to the outdoor locations where they were found.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ If those locations are deemed unsafe or otherwise inappropriate, the cats may be relocated (barn/farmyard homes are often considered ideal).", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Kittens young enough to be socialized and friendly adult cats may be placed in foster care for eventual adoption into homes as companion animals rather than returned to the outdoors.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Cats found suffering with terminal, untreatable, and/or contagious illnesses or injuries are often euthanized.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "Grammatical gender __knowledge__ In linguistics, grammatical gender is a specific form of noun-class system in which the division of noun classes forms an agreement system with another aspect of the language, such as adjectives, articles, pronouns, or verbs.", "Grammatical gender __knowledge__ This system is used in approximately one quarter of the world's languages.", "Grammatical gender __knowledge__ In these languages, most or all nouns inherently carry one value of the grammatical category called \"gender\"; the values present in a given language (of which there are usually two or three) are called the \"genders\" of that language.", "Grammatical gender __knowledge__ According to one definition: \"Genders are classes of nouns reflected in the behaviour of associated words.\"", "Alley Cat Allies __knowledge__ Alley Cat Allies (incorporated on October 6, 1991) is a nonprofit advocacy organization whose mission is to transform and develop communities to protect and improve the lives of cats.", "Alley Cat Allies __knowledge__ The organization advocates for reform of public policies and institutions to better serve the interests of cats and develops educational materials on feral cats and trap-neuter-return.", "Alley Cat Allies __knowledge__ The organization is based in Bethesda, Maryland.", "Alley Cat Allies __knowledge__ Alley Cat Allies specialize in stray and feral cat advocacy and provides extensive information on Trap-Neuter-Return, the only method of managing feral cat populations the organization considers humane and effective.", "Strays (Jane's Addiction album) __knowledge__ Strays is the third studio album by American rock band Jane's Addiction, released on July 22, 2003 on Capitol Records.", "Strays (Jane's Addiction album) __knowledge__ Released 13 years after \"Ritual de lo habitual\" (1990), the album marks the band's longest gap between full studio albums, although the group had recorded and released a handful of new songs 6 years earlier on the compilation album \"Kettle Whistle\" (1997).", "Strays (Jane's Addiction album) __knowledge__ \"Strays\" is the first album to feature bassist Chris Chaney.", "Strays (Jane's Addiction album) __knowledge__ Regarding the decision to record a new studio album after such a long hiatus, drummer Stephen Perkins stated that the band had already completed two reunion tours performing old material, and that Jane's was ready for \"a new challenge.\"", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ The North Carolina Animal Protection Act aims to protect pets and their owners in North Carolina.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ This legislation models the Animal Welfare Act of 1966 and can be found in the North Carolina General Statutes under Chapter 19A: Protection Of Animals, Article 3, consisting of six articles.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ It aims (i) to protect the owners of dogs and cats from the theft of such pets; (ii) to prevent the sale or use of stolen pets; (iii) to insure that animals, as items of commerce, are provided humane care and treatment by regulating the transportation, sale, purchase, housing, care, handling and treatment of such animals by persons or organizations engaged in transporting, buying, or selling them for such use; (iv) to insure that animals confined in pet shops, kennels, animal shelters and auction markets are provided humane care and treatment; (v) to prohibit the sale, trade or adoption of those animals which show physical signs of infection, communicable disease, or congenital abnormalities, unless veterinary care is assured subsequent to sale, trade or adoption.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Overpopulation in domestic pets refers to a surplus of domestic animals, such as cats, dogs, and exotic animals.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ In the United States, a 6 to 8 million animals are brought to shelters each year, of which an estimated 3 to 4 million are subsequently euthanized, including 2.7 million considered healthy and adoptable.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Euthanasia numbers have declined from the 1970s, when U.S. shelters euthanized an estimated 12 to 20 million animals.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Most humane societies, animal shelters and rescue groups urge animal caregivers to have their animals spayed or neutered to prevent the births of unwanted and accidental litters that could contribute to this dynamic." ] ]

[ 10, 4, 0, 14, 50 ]

[ "I like to donate to the Humane Society, It is based in D.C.", "I donate twenty a month and some toys for the dogs and cats. I like to help them with cruelty prevention.", "That is amazing of you. I set up outdoor \"heated homes\" for cats in the winter.", "Yes, we have too many strays and have to trap and neuter them for release.", "I agree, that is why we do the TNR program and get farmers to take them for their barns." ]

[ "Humane society", "Humane society", "Humane society", "Humane society", "Humane society" ]

[ "Artist\nI would like to be an artist but I am not very good", "What is your favorite type of art", "yes i like drawing but i do cartoons much better than anything realistic", "yes it does seem to be. Artists have to practice for many many hours to get good", "yes. even in the past many artists were regarded as starving and their works did not become important until after their death" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Artist __knowledge__ An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art.", "Artist __knowledge__ The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only.", "Artist __knowledge__ The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors).", "Artist __knowledge__ \"Artiste\" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context.", "Artist __knowledge__ Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.", "Artist __knowledge__ Wiktionary defines the noun 'artist' (Singular: artist; Plural: artists) as follows: The Oxford English Dictionary defines the older broad meanings of the term \"artist\": The Greek word \"techně\", often translated as \"art,\" implies mastery of any sort of craft.", "Artist __knowledge__ The adjectival Latin form of the word, \"technicus\", became the source of the English words technique, technology, technical.", "Artist __knowledge__ In Greek culture each of the nine Muses oversaw a different field of human creation: No muse was identified with the visual arts of painting and sculpture.", "Artist __knowledge__ In ancient Greece sculptors and painters were held in low regard, somewhere between freemen and slaves, their work regarded as mere manual labour.", "General debate of the seventieth session of the United Nations General Assembly __knowledge__ The General Debate of the seventieth session of the United Nations General Assembly commenced on 28 September and ended on 3 October 2015.", "General debate of the seventieth session of the United Nations General Assembly __knowledge__ Leaders from a number of member states addressed the UNGA.", "General debate of the seventieth session of the United Nations General Assembly __knowledge__ The order of speakers is given first to member states, then observer states and supranational bodies.", "General debate of the seventieth session of the United Nations General Assembly __knowledge__ Any other observers entities will have a chance to speak at the end of the debate, if they so choose.", "General debate of the seventieth session of the United Nations General Assembly __knowledge__ Speakers will be put on the list in the order of their request, with special consideration for ministers and other government officials of similar or higher rank.", "General debate of the seventieth session of the United Nations General Assembly __knowledge__ According to the rules in place for the General Debate, the statements should be in of the United Nations official languages of Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian or Spanish, and will be translated by the United Nations translators.", "Parliamentary parties involved in the 2008 Austrian legislative election __knowledge__ A legislative snap election for the National Council in Austria was held on 28 September 2008.", "Parliamentary parties involved in the 2008 Austrian legislative election __knowledge__ The previous election was held on 1 October 2006.", "Parliamentary parties involved in the 2008 Austrian legislative election __knowledge__ The election (the 24th in Austrian history) was caused by the withdrawal of Austrian People's Party leader Wilhelm Molterer from the governing grand coalition (led by the Social Democratic Party of Austria) on 7 July 2008.", "Parliamentary parties involved in the 2008 Austrian legislative election __knowledge__ Due to dissatisfaction with the grand coalition and the two main parties, it was widely expected to be a realigning election, with gains for the opposition and up to seven parties expected to be in the National Council after the election.", "Our Version of Events __knowledge__ Our Version of Events is the debut studio album by Scottish recording artist Emeli Sandé.", "Our Version of Events __knowledge__ The album was released on 13 February 2012 by Virgin Records, following Sandé's winning of the Critic's Choice Award at the BRIT Awards 2012.", "Our Version of Events __knowledge__ Though \"Our Version of Events\" is her first release, Sandé has been active in the industry since 2009, most notable appearing on singles by Chipmunk (\"Diamond Rings\") and Wiley (\"Never Be Your Woman\").", "Our Version of Events __knowledge__ The album features R&B, soul and pop music.", "Our Version of Events __knowledge__ Sandé began working with Alicia Keys for the album, and for Keys' upcoming album.", "Our Version of Events __knowledge__ She also expressed interest in working with Nicki Minaj on the album.", "The Governess, or The Little Female Academy __knowledge__ The Governess, or The Little Female Academy (published 1749) by Sarah Fielding is the first full-length novel written for children, and a significant work of 18th-century children's literature.", "The Governess, or The Little Female Academy __knowledge__ \"The Governess, or The Little Female Academy\" is a book about a boarding school run by Mrs Teachum.", "The Governess, or The Little Female Academy __knowledge__ The story takes place over ten days, not including some initial background information, and an epilogue.", "The Governess, or The Little Female Academy __knowledge__ On each day, except for the first, all or part of a text is read aloud to the students by Miss Jenny Peace.", "The Governess, or The Little Female Academy __knowledge__ Afterward, one or more of the pupils is physically described, followed by the recording their life story.", "Brian Bolland __knowledge__ Brian Bolland (born 26 March 1951) is a British comics artist.", "Brian Bolland __knowledge__ Best known in the United Kingdom as one of the definitive Judge Dredd artists for British comics anthology \"2000 AD\", he spearheaded the 'British Invasion' of the American comics industry, and in 1982 produced the artwork on \"Camelot 3000\" (with author Mike W. Barr), which was DC Comics' first 12-issue comicbook maxiseries created for the direct market.", "Brian Bolland __knowledge__ His rare forays into interior art also include \"\", with UK-based writer Alan Moore, and a self-penned \"\" story.", "Brian Bolland __knowledge__ Bolland remains in high demand as a cover artist, producing the vast majority of his work for DC Comics.", "List of Neighbours characters (2011) __knowledge__ \"Neighbours\" is an Australian television soap opera that was first broadcast on 18 March 1985.", "List of Neighbours characters (2011) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in 2011, by order of first appearance.", "List of Neighbours characters (2011) __knowledge__ All characters were introduced by the shows executive producer Susan Bower.", "List of Neighbours characters (2011) __knowledge__ The 27th season of \"Neighbours\" began airing on 11 January 2011.", "List of Neighbours characters (2011) __knowledge__ That same month saw Jack Finsterer join the cast as Garland Cole.", "List of Neighbours characters (2011) __knowledge__ Dieter Brummer made his first appearance as Troy Miller in May and Carolyn Johnstone, a new love interest for Harold Bishop, followed shortly after.", "List of Neighbours characters (2011) __knowledge__ Ivan DeMarco and Superintendent Duncan Hayes began appearing in June.", "Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance __knowledge__ Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance is an action hack and slash video game developed by PlatinumGames and published by Konami Digital Entertainment.", "Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance __knowledge__ Released for the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 and Microsoft Windows, it is a spin-off in the \"Metal Gear\" series, and is set four years after the events of \"\".", "Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance __knowledge__ In the game, players control Raiden, a cyborg who confronts the private military company Desperado Enforcement, with the gameplay focusing on fighting enemies using a sword and other weapons to perform combos and counterattacks.", "Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance __knowledge__ Through the use of Blade Mode, Raiden can dismember cyborgs in slow motion and steal parts stored in their bodies." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Artist __knowledge__ An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art.", "Artist __knowledge__ The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only.", "Artist __knowledge__ The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors).", "Artist __knowledge__ \"Artiste\" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context.", "Artist __knowledge__ Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.", "Artist __knowledge__ Wiktionary defines the noun 'artist' (Singular: artist; Plural: artists) as follows: The Oxford English Dictionary defines the older broad meanings of the term \"artist\": The Greek word \"techně\", often translated as \"art,\" implies mastery of any sort of craft.", "Artist __knowledge__ The adjectival Latin form of the word, \"technicus\", became the source of the English words technique, technology, technical.", "Artist __knowledge__ In Greek culture each of the nine Muses oversaw a different field of human creation: No muse was identified with the visual arts of painting and sculpture.", "Artist __knowledge__ In ancient Greece sculptors and painters were held in low regard, somewhere between freemen and slaves, their work regarded as mere manual labour.", "Winx (horse) __knowledge__ Winx (foaled 14 September 2011) is a champion Australian Thoroughbred racehorse.", "Winx (horse) __knowledge__ Starting in May 2015, she has won 22 consecutive stakes races at distances ranging from 1300 metres (roughly furlongs) to 2200 metres (roughly 11 furlongs).", "Winx (horse) __knowledge__ In the World's Best Racehorse Rankings, she was the second-ranked filly or mare in 2015, improving in 2016 to become both the world's top-ranked filly or mare and the world's top-ranked turf horse.", "Winx (horse) __knowledge__ She retained this ranking in 2017, when she was also inducted to the Australian Racing Hall of Fame, only the third horse to earn this honour while still in training.", "TBARS __knowledge__ Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances - TBARS - are formed as a byproduct of lipid peroxidation (i.e.", "TBARS __knowledge__ as degradation products of fats) which can be detected by the TBARS assay using thiobarbituric acid as a reagent.", "TBARS __knowledge__ Because reactive oxygen species (ROS) have extremely short half-lives, they are difficult to measure directly.", "TBARS __knowledge__ Instead, what can be measured are several products of the damage produced by oxidative stress, such as TBARS.", "TBARS __knowledge__ Assay of TBARS measures malondialdehyde (MDA) present in the sample, as well as malondialdehyde generated from lipid hydroperoxides by the hydrolytic conditions of the reaction.", "Soldier (Destiny's Child song) __knowledge__ \"Soldier\" is a song by American girl group Destiny's Child, featuring American rappers T.I.", "Soldier (Destiny's Child song) __knowledge__ and Lil Wayne, from Destiny's Child's fourth studio album \"Destiny Fulfilled\" (2004).", "Soldier (Destiny's Child song) __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"Soldier\" as the second single from \"Destiny Fulfilled\" on December 7, 2004.", "Soldier (Destiny's Child song) __knowledge__ The trio, Beyoncé Knowles, Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams, co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett and Rich Harrison; the latter co-produced it with Knowles.", "Soldier (Destiny's Child song) __knowledge__ A Southern hip hop mid-tempo song, it lyrically describes each member's favorite type of male love interest.", "Soldier (Destiny's Child song) __knowledge__ \"Soldier\" received mostly positive reviews from music critics, who praised its composition and the trio's vocal performances, but criticized the lyrical content.", "Bogdan Willewalde __knowledge__ Bogdan Pavlovich Willewalde (; January 12, 1819, Pavlovsk, Saint Petersburg – March 24, 1903, Dresden) was a Russian artist, academic, emeritus professor of military art, and a fellow of the Imperial Academy of Arts.", "Bogdan Willewalde __knowledge__ Bogdan Willewalde was born in Pavlovsk, Saint Petersburg on January 12, 1819, in a noble family of Bavarian origin.", "Bogdan Willewalde __knowledge__ From childhood, he was acquainted with and a playmate of the Russian Grand Dukes and intimately connected to the Imperial family and its official hierarchy.", "Bogdan Willewalde __knowledge__ His initial art studies were with Jungstedt, following which he was admitted to the St Petersburg Imperial Academy of Arts in 1838.", "Herman Travnikov __knowledge__ Herman Travnikov (Russian: Герман Травников; b. December 15, 1937, in Mekhonskoye village, Kargapolsky District of Chelyabinsk Region of Russia (now Shatrovskoye District of Kurgan Region)) - Soviet and Russian artist having the highest title of the Russian Federation in the field of fine art «People's Artist of Russia» since 2007.", "Herman Travnikov __knowledge__ He has a wide range of works.", "Herman Travnikov __knowledge__ Working in oil, watercolor and tempera paintings, Herman Travnikov refers to different genres - from common to animalistic.", "Herman Travnikov __knowledge__ Above all he is known for his watercolor landscapes and portraits.", "Herman Travnikov __knowledge__ \"\"I work in different techniques but watercolours seem to be the most sympathetic and sensitive to the motions of human heart.", "Joshua Ledet __knowledge__ Joshua Ledet (born April 9, 1992) is an American singer from Westlake, Louisiana.", "Joshua Ledet __knowledge__ In 2012 he placed third in the eleventh season of \"American Idol\".", "Joshua Ledet __knowledge__ He is known for his \"soaring, church-bred brand of old school soul music.\"", "Joshua Ledet __knowledge__ On August 26, 2013 he released an original song called \"Here to Die\" through YouTube, which has been praised by \"Rolling Stone\".", "Joshua Ledet __knowledge__ Ledet grew up in the small woody suburb city of Westlake in Louisiana's Calcasieu Parish, a part of the Lake Charles metropolitan area near Calcasieu River.", "Joshua Ledet __knowledge__ His home life was slow and easy paced with lots of family get-togethers and friends sleeping over, as the focus was \"food and fun.\"", "Okada Saburōsuke __knowledge__ Okada Saburōsuke (Japanese: 岡田 三郎助; 12 January 1869, Saga – 23 September 1939, Tokyo) was a Japanese painter in the Yōga style and a Professor at the \"Tōkyō Bijutsu Gakkō\" (School of Fine Arts); precursor of the Tokyo University of the Arts.", "Okada Saburōsuke __knowledge__ His parents were vassals of the samurai Nabeshima clan.", "Okada Saburōsuke __knowledge__ He attended a school that taught western-style painting, under the tutelage of Soyama Yukihiko (曽山幸彦, 1860–1892).", "Okada Saburōsuke __knowledge__ In 1891, he became a member of the \"Meiji Bijutsu-kai\" (Fine Arts Society) and, after Soyama's premature death, worked with Horie Moriaki (堀江正章, 1852–1932), completing his studies in 1893.", "Okada Saburōsuke __knowledge__ That same year, he came under the influence of Kuroda Seiki (黒田清輝} and Kume Keiichiro (久米桂一郎), who had just returned from France.", "Human sexual activity __knowledge__ Human sexual activity, human sexual practice or human sexual behaviour is the manner in which humans experience and express their sexuality.", "Human sexual activity __knowledge__ People engage in a variety of sexual acts, ranging from activities done alone (e.g., masturbation) to acts with another person (e.g., sexual intercourse, non-penetrative sex, oral sex, etc.)", "Human sexual activity __knowledge__ in varying patterns of frequency, for a wide variety of reasons.", "Human sexual activity __knowledge__ Sexual activity usually results in sexual arousal and physiological changes in the aroused person, some of which are pronounced while others are more subtle.", "Human sexual activity __knowledge__ Sexual activity may also include conduct and activities which are intended to arouse the sexual interest of another or enhance the sex life of another, such as strategies to find or attract partners (courtship and display behaviour), or personal interactions between individuals (for instance, foreplay or BDSM).", "Ottawa-Gatineau Art __knowledge__ Ottawa-Gatineau Art consists of a long and diverse history of artistic production and art institutions dating back thousands of years to early Anishinābe (Algonquin) art.", "Ottawa-Gatineau Art __knowledge__ Mediums and modes of artistic expression have varied widely in the region including the artwork of the Anishinābe First Peoples using birchbark, beadwork, textiles, and sculpture, and artists of different backgrounds depicting the landscape in drawing and painting materials, as well as photography, figurative work, and more contemporary explorations of new techniques such as performance, installation, video, and sound art.", "Ottawa-Gatineau Art __knowledge__ The Ottawa-Gatineau region has drawn artists and members of the arts community through trade, industry, patronage, education, and employment in the cultural sector and the government.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience, or gives pleasure and delight.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ It can be an idea or a task, but is more likely to be one of the activities or events that have developed over thousands of years specifically for the purpose of keeping an audience's attention.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ Although people's attention is held by different things, because individuals have different preferences in entertainment, most forms are recognisable and familiar.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ Storytelling, music, drama, dance, and different kinds of performance exist in all cultures, were supported in royal courts, developed into sophisticated forms and over time became available to all citizens.", "Graffiti __knowledge__ Graffiti (plural of \"graffito\": \"a graffito\", but \"these graffiti\") are writing or drawings that have been scribbled, scratched, or painted illicitly on a wall or other surface, often within public view.", "Graffiti __knowledge__ Graffiti range from simple written words to elaborate wall paintings, and they have existed since ancient times, with examples dating back to Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, and the Roman Empire.", "Graffiti __knowledge__ In modern times, paint (particularly spray paint) and marker pens have become the most commonly used graffiti materials.", "Graffiti __knowledge__ In most countries, marking or painting property without the property owner's permission is considered defacement and vandalism, which is a punishable crime.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ Infidelity (synonyms include: cheating, adultery (when married), netorare (NTR), being unfaithful, or having an affair) is a violation of a couple's assumed or stated contract regarding emotional and/or sexual exclusivity.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ Other scholars define infidelity as a violation according to the subjective feeling that one's partner has violated a set of rules or relationship norms; this violation results in feelings of sexual jealousy and rivalry.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ What constitutes an act of infidelity depends upon the exclusivity expectations within the relationship.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ In marital relationships, exclusivity expectations are commonly assumed although they are not always met.", "African art __knowledge__ African art describes the modern and historical paintings, sculptures, installations, and other visual culture from native or indigenous Africans and the African continent.", "African art __knowledge__ The definition may also include the art of the native African, African diasporas, such as African American, Caribbean and other American art.", "African art __knowledge__ Despite this diversity, there are some unifying artistic themes when considering the totality of the visual culture from the continent of Africa.", "African art __knowledge__ Masquerade, metalwork, sculpture, architecture, fiber art, and dance are important art forms across Africa and may be included in the study of African art.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ It is one of the plastic arts.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ Durable sculptural processes originally used carving (the removal of material) and modelling (the addition of material, as clay), in stone, metal, ceramics, wood and other materials but, since Modernism, there has been an almost complete freedom of materials and process.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ A wide variety of materials may be worked by removal such as carving, assembled by welding or modelling, or molded, or cast.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ Sculpture in stone survives far better than works of art in perishable materials, and often represents the majority of the surviving works (other than pottery) from ancient cultures, though conversely traditions of sculpture in wood may have vanished almost entirely." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Artist __knowledge__ An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art.", "Artist __knowledge__ The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only.", "Artist __knowledge__ The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors).", "Artist __knowledge__ \"Artiste\" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context.", "Artist __knowledge__ Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.", "Artist __knowledge__ Wiktionary defines the noun 'artist' (Singular: artist; Plural: artists) as follows: The Oxford English Dictionary defines the older broad meanings of the term \"artist\": The Greek word \"techně\", often translated as \"art,\" implies mastery of any sort of craft.", "Artist __knowledge__ The adjectival Latin form of the word, \"technicus\", became the source of the English words technique, technology, technical.", "Artist __knowledge__ In Greek culture each of the nine Muses oversaw a different field of human creation: No muse was identified with the visual arts of painting and sculpture.", "Artist __knowledge__ In ancient Greece sculptors and painters were held in low regard, somewhere between freemen and slaves, their work regarded as mere manual labour.", "Gotye __knowledge__ Wouter \"Wally\" De Backer (born 21 May 1980), known professionally as Gotye ( ), is a Belgian-born Australian multi-instrumentalist and singer-songwriter.", "Gotye __knowledge__ The name \"Gotye\" is a pronunciation respelling of \"Gauthier\", the French cognate of Gotye's given Dutch name \"Wouter\" (English \"Walter\", hence the nickname \"Wally\").", "Gotye __knowledge__ Gotye has released three studio albums independently and one album featuring remixes of tracks from his first two albums.", "Gotye __knowledge__ He is a founding member of the Melbourne indie-pop trio The Basics, who have independently released four studio albums and numerous other titles since 2002.", "Gotye __knowledge__ His voice has been compared to those of Peter Gabriel and Sting.", "Like Drawing Blood __knowledge__ Like Drawing Blood is the second album by Gotye.", "Like Drawing Blood __knowledge__ All the sounds on the album were collected and assembled or performed by Wally De Backer in bedrooms around Melbourne between 2003 and 2005, and the record was mixed and mastered by François Tétaz (\"Wolf Creek\" soundtrack, Machine Translations, Architecture in Helsinki).", "Like Drawing Blood __knowledge__ It was featured heavily by Triple J in May 2006 and nominated for a J Award, which, although it didn't win, lent the album considerable publicity.", "Like Drawing Blood __knowledge__ Two songs from \"Like Drawing Blood\" rated in the Triple J Hottest 100, 2006: \"Hearts a Mess\" at #8, and \"Learnalilgivinanlovin\" at #94.", "Golden age of American animation __knowledge__ The golden age of American animation was a period in the history of U.S. animation that began with the advent of sound cartoons in 1928 and continued until around 1969 when theatrical animated shorts began losing to the new medium of television animation.", "Golden age of American animation __knowledge__ Many popular characters emerged from this period, including Mickey Mouse, Bugs Bunny, Donald Duck, Daffy Duck, Goofy, Popeye, Tom and Jerry, Porky Pig, Betty Boop, Woody Woodpecker, Droopy, and the first animated adaptation of Superman, among others.", "Golden age of American animation __knowledge__ Feature length animation also began during this period, most notably with Walt Disney's first films: \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\", \"Pinocchio\", \"Fantasia\", \"Dumbo\" and \"Bambi\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Tom and Jerry is an American animated series of short films created in 1940, by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ It centers on a rivalry between its two title characters, Tom and Jerry, and many recurring characters, based around slapstick comedy.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ In its original run, Hanna and Barbera produced 115 \"Tom and Jerry\" shorts for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from 1940 to 1958.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ During this time, they won seven Academy Awards for Animated Short Film, tying for first place with Walt Disney's \"Silly Symphonies\" with the most awards in the category.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ After the MGM cartoon studio closed in 1957, MGM revived the series with Gene Deitch directing an additional 13 \"Tom and Jerry\" shorts for Rembrandt Films from 1961 to 1962.", "Tex Avery __knowledge__ Frederick Bean \"Tex\" Avery (February 26, 1908 – August 26, 1980) was an American animator, director, cartoonist, and voice actor, known for producing and directing animated cartoons during the golden age of American animation.", "Tex Avery __knowledge__ His most significant work was for the Warner Bros. and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios, where he was crucial in the creation and evolution of famous animated characters such as Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig, Elmer Fudd, Droopy, Screwy Squirrel, and Chilly Willy (this last one for the Walter Lantz Studio).", "Tex Avery __knowledge__ Gary Morris described Avery's innovative approach:Above all, [Avery] steered the Warner Bros. house style away from Disney-esque sentimentality and made cartoons that appealed equally to adults, who appreciated Avery's speed, sarcasm, and irony, and to kids, who liked the nonstop action.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "James J. Lanzetta __knowledge__ James Joseph Lanzetta () (December 21, 1894 – October 27, 1956) was an engineer, an attorney and a politician, a member of the United States House of Representatives from New York (1933-1935) and 1937-1939), and a justice in city court.", "James J. Lanzetta __knowledge__ He was appointed as Regional Commissioner of Puerto Rico in Washington, DC.", "James J. Lanzetta __knowledge__ After that he served as a city magistrate in New York, and in 1947 was appointed as a justice to the Domestic Relations Court, where he served until his death.", "James J. Lanzetta __knowledge__ Born in New York City, he attended its public schools.", "James J. Lanzetta __knowledge__ He graduated from the Columbia University School of Engineering in 1917.", "James J. Lanzetta __knowledge__ He later enrolled in Fordham University School of Law, where he graduated in 1924.", "Leo Lanzetta __knowledge__ Leo Lanzetta was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1895.", "Leo Lanzetta __knowledge__ Leo had five other brothers, with whom he formed a bootlegging and drug trafficking gang.", "Leo Lanzetta __knowledge__ He and his brothers were also called \"the Lanzetti brothers\" (due to incorrect documentation and newspaper retrieving incorrect information).", "Leo Lanzetta __knowledge__ Leo Lanzetta was born in South Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1895 to Italian American parents Michele and Ignatius Lanzetta.", "Leo Lanzetta __knowledge__ Leo had five other brothers: Ignatius, Pius, Willie, Teo, and Lucien; Leo being the oldest and Pius being the second oldest.", "Leo Lanzetta __knowledge__ Leo formed the Lanzetta Gang with Ignatius, Pius, and their other brothers in the early 1920s.", "Ignatius Lanzetta __knowledge__ Ignatius \"Frank Pius\" Lanzetta was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1903.", "Ignatius Lanzetta __knowledge__ Ignatius had five other brothers, with whom he formed a bootlegging and drug trafficking gang.", "Ignatius Lanzetta __knowledge__ He and his brothers were also called \"the Lanzetti brothers\" (due to incorrect documentation and newspaper retrieving incorrect information).", "Ignatius Lanzetta __knowledge__ Ignatius Lanzetta was born in South Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1903 to Italian American parents Michele and Ignatius Lanzetta.", "Ignatius Lanzetta __knowledge__ Ignatius had five other brothers: Leo, Pius, Willie, Teo, and Lucien; Leo being the oldest and Pius being the second oldest.", "Ignatius Lanzetta __knowledge__ Ignatius was known to be very handsome and an impeccable dresser.).", "The Lanzetta Brothers __knowledge__ The Lanzetta Brothers, also known as the Lanzetti Brothers (due to incorrect documentation), was a group of six brothers that ran bootlegging operations in Philadelphia and possibly Atlantic City.", "The Lanzetta Brothers __knowledge__ There were six brothers in the gang: Leo (the leader), Pius \"the Brain\", Ignatius (who was a good dresser), Lucien (who had an explosive temper), Willie (the quiet one), and Teo \"the Baby\" Lanzetta (who was the youngest and made women swoon because of his good looks).", "The Lanzetta Brothers __knowledge__ It is not known when the brothers were born, but what is known is that they were born to Italian parents, that Leo Lanzetta was the oldest, and that Teo Lanzetta was the youngest of the six.", "Full Sail University __knowledge__ Full Sail University is an American private, for-profit university in Winter Park, Florida.", "Full Sail University __knowledge__ The school was founded in 1979 in Dayton, Ohio, as Full Sail Recording Workshop.", "Full Sail University __knowledge__ Full Sail relocated to Florida in 1980, adding video production and film production courses and, with the move in 1989 to its current campus, expanded its curriculum to include other entertainment and media-related areas of study.", "Full Sail University __knowledge__ Full Sail began offering online degrees in 2007.", "Full Sail University __knowledge__ The school is partly owned by TA Associates, a private equity firm.", "Full Sail University __knowledge__ Full Sail is not regionally accredited, but is nationally accredited by the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges (ACCSC) to award associate's, bachelor's degrees, and master's degrees in audio, film, design, computer animation, business, and other fields." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Artist __knowledge__ An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art.", "Artist __knowledge__ The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only.", "Artist __knowledge__ The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors).", "Artist __knowledge__ \"Artiste\" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context.", "Artist __knowledge__ Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.", "Artist __knowledge__ Wiktionary defines the noun 'artist' (Singular: artist; Plural: artists) as follows: The Oxford English Dictionary defines the older broad meanings of the term \"artist\": The Greek word \"techně\", often translated as \"art,\" implies mastery of any sort of craft.", "Artist __knowledge__ The adjectival Latin form of the word, \"technicus\", became the source of the English words technique, technology, technical.", "Artist __knowledge__ In Greek culture each of the nine Muses oversaw a different field of human creation: No muse was identified with the visual arts of painting and sculpture.", "Artist __knowledge__ In ancient Greece sculptors and painters were held in low regard, somewhere between freemen and slaves, their work regarded as mere manual labour.", "Troll (Discworld) __knowledge__ Trolls in Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" novels, unlike the monstrous trolls of folklore and J. R. R. Tolkien, have been subverted into a moderately civilised race.", "Troll (Discworld) __knowledge__ Trolls on the Discworld are, essentially, living, mobile rocks.", "Troll (Discworld) __knowledge__ Trolls have grown to overcome those vicious stereotypes of yore and have lived very prosperous lives in heavily populated cities with (relatively) little killing, and they have held jobs as diverse as police officer and concert promoter.", "Troll (Discworld) __knowledge__ They have also held jobs as \"bridgekeepers\", collecting tolls from those that cross their bridges.", "Troll (Discworld) __knowledge__ It is relatively harmless, although farmers in the company of billy goats have to pay a hefty toll.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ John Rodney Mullen (born August 17, 1966) is an American professional skateboarder, entrepreneur, inventor, and public speaker who practices freestyle and street skateboarding.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ He is widely considered the most influential street skater in the history of the sport, being credited for inventing numerous tricks, including the kickflip, heelflip, impossible, and 360-flip.", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ As a result, he has been called the \"Godfather of Street Skateboarding.\"", "Rodney Mullen __knowledge__ Rodney Mullen won his first world skateboard championship at the age of 14; over the following decade, he won 35 out of 36 freestyle contests, thus establishing the most successful competitive run in the history of the sport.", "Puneri Paltan __knowledge__ Puneri Paltan is a Kabaddi team, representing the city of Pune, Maharashtra in the Pro Kabaddi League.", "Puneri Paltan __knowledge__ The team is currently lead by Deepak Niwas Hooda and coached by B.C.", "Puneri Paltan __knowledge__ Ramesh.", "Puneri Paltan __knowledge__ The team is mentored by Ashok Shinde and Shree Shiv Chhatrapati Sports Complex, Pune, is its home ground.", "Puneri Paltan __knowledge__ Puneri Paltan is currently one of the top performing teams in the Pro Kabaddi League.", "Puneri Paltan __knowledge__ Puneri Paltan has made it to the playoffs three times in a row.", "Puneri Paltan __knowledge__ With a mix of unstoppable energy, honed-out skills and steely nerves, here's a team that consistently looks forward to performing better, challenging its opponents and making a difference.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Sam Mitchell (EastEnders) __knowledge__ Sam Mitchell (also Butcher and Hunter) is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\".", "Sam Mitchell (EastEnders) __knowledge__ The third member of the Mitchell family to be introduced, Sam enters as a 15-year-old school girl in July 1990, played by Danniella Westbrook.", "Sam Mitchell (EastEnders) __knowledge__ Westbrook quit in 1993, but Sam was reintroduced from 1995–1996 and from 1999–2000.", "Sam Mitchell (EastEnders) __knowledge__ In both her 1996 and 2000 exits, Sam was written out earlier than the producers intended due to off-screen controversies surrounding Westbrook and her cocaine addiction.", "Sam Mitchell (EastEnders) __knowledge__ In 2002, the character was reintroduced for a fourth time, but the role was recast to another actress, Kim Medcalf.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Post is the second solo studio album by Icelandic musician Björk.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ The album was released in June 1995 through One Little Indian in the United Kingdom and Elektra Records in the United States.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Unlike her previous release \"Debut\"—which was almost entirely produced by Nellee Hooper—\"Post\" is characterised by more collaborations, including production by Hooper, 808 State's Graham Massey, and former Massive Attack member Tricky.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ Björk co-produced every song on the album.", "Post (Björk album) __knowledge__ \"Post\" received critical acclaim and was a commercial success, charting at number 2 in the United Kingdom and 32 in the United States.", "Zoo TV Tour __knowledge__ The Zoo TV Tour (also written as ZooTV, ZOO TV or ZOOTV) was a worldwide concert tour by rock band U2.", "Zoo TV Tour __knowledge__ Staged in support of their 1991 album \"Achtung Baby\", the tour visited arenas and stadiums from 1992 to 1993.", "Zoo TV Tour __knowledge__ To mirror the new musical direction that the group took with \"Achtung Baby\", the tour was intended to deviate from their past and confound expectations of the band.", "Zoo TV Tour __knowledge__ In contrast to U2's austere stage setups from previous tours, the Zoo TV Tour was an elaborately staged multimedia event.", "Zoo TV Tour __knowledge__ It satirised television and media oversaturation by attempting to instill \"sensory overload\" in its audience.", "USSR anti-religious campaign (1970s–1987) __knowledge__ A new and more aggressive phase of anti-religious persecution in the Soviet Union began in the mid-1970s after a more tolerant period following Nikita Khrushchev's downfall in 1964.", "USSR anti-religious campaign (1970s–1987) __knowledge__ Yuri Andropov headed the campaign in the 1970s when it began to rise.", "USSR anti-religious campaign (1970s–1987) __knowledge__ This new persecution was following upon the 1975 amendments to the 1929 anti-religious legislation and the 25th party congress.", "USSR anti-religious campaign (1970s–1987) __knowledge__ The CC resolution in 1979 would play a key role in this period as well.", "USSR anti-religious campaign (1970s–1987) __knowledge__ The intensification of anti-religious activities had continued since the early 1970s; between 1971-1975 over 30 doctoral and 400 magisterial dissertations were defended on the subjects of atheism and criticism of religion.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ All Creatures Great and Small is a British television series based on the books of the British veterinary surgeon Alf Wight, who wrote under the pseudonym James Herriot.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ In 1977, the BBC tasked producer Bill Sellars with the creation of a television series from Herriot's first two novels, \"If Only They Could Talk\" and \"It Shouldn't Happen to a Vet\", using the title of the 1975 film adaptation.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ The Herriot novels were written in an episodic style, with each chapter generally containing a short story within the ongoing narrative of Herriot's life.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ This format greatly facilitated their adaptation for a television series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ \"Holby City\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 12 January 1999 on BBC One.", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ The series was created by Tony McHale and Mal Young as a spin-off from the established BBC medical drama \"Casualty\".", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ It is set in the same hospital as \"Casualty\", Holby General, in the fictional city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with both \"Casualty\" (in episodes broadcast as \"Casualty@Holby City\") and the show's 2007 police procedural spin-off \"HolbyBlue\".", "Characters of Holby City __knowledge__ \"Holby City\" follows the professional and personal lives of surgeons, nurses, other medical and ancillary staff and patients at Holby General." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Artist __knowledge__ An artist is a person engaged in an activity related to creating art, practicing the arts, or demonstrating an art.", "Artist __knowledge__ The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only.", "Artist __knowledge__ The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers (less often for actors).", "Artist __knowledge__ \"Artiste\" (the French for artist) is a variant used in English only in this context.", "Artist __knowledge__ Use of the term to describe writers, for example, is valid, but less common, and mostly restricted to contexts like criticism.", "Artist __knowledge__ Wiktionary defines the noun 'artist' (Singular: artist; Plural: artists) as follows: The Oxford English Dictionary defines the older broad meanings of the term \"artist\": The Greek word \"techně\", often translated as \"art,\" implies mastery of any sort of craft.", "Artist __knowledge__ The adjectival Latin form of the word, \"technicus\", became the source of the English words technique, technology, technical.", "Artist __knowledge__ In Greek culture each of the nine Muses oversaw a different field of human creation: No muse was identified with the visual arts of painting and sculpture.", "Artist __knowledge__ In ancient Greece sculptors and painters were held in low regard, somewhere between freemen and slaves, their work regarded as mere manual labour.", "History of painting __knowledge__ The history of painting reaches back in time to artifacts from pre-historic humans, and spans all cultures.", "History of painting __knowledge__ It represents a continuous, though periodically disrupted, tradition from Antiquity.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Across cultures, and spanning continents and millennia, the history of painting is an ongoing river of creativity, that continues into the 21st century.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Until the early 20th century it relied primarily on representational, religious and classical motifs, after which time more purely abstract and conceptual approaches gained favor.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Developments in Eastern painting historically parallel those in Western painting, in general, a few centuries earlier.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ Visual arts in Israel refers to plastic art created in the Land of Israel/Palestine region, from the later part of the 19th century until today, or art created by Israeli artists.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ Visual art in Israel encompasses a wide spectrum of techniques, styles and themes reflecting a dialogue with Jewish art throughout the ages and attempts to formulate a national identity.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ Early art in the Land of Israel was mainly decorative art of a religious nature (primarily Jewish or Christian), produced for religious pilgrims, but also for export and local consumption.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ These objects included decorated tablets, embossed soaps, rubber stamps, etc., most of which were decorated with motifs from graphic arts.", "Dutch Golden Age painting __knowledge__ Dutch Golden Age painting is the painting of the Dutch Golden Age, a period in Dutch history roughly spanning the 17th century, during and after the later part of the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) for Dutch independence.", "Dutch Golden Age painting __knowledge__ The new Dutch Republic was the most prosperous nation in Europe and led European trade, science, and art.", "Dutch Golden Age painting __knowledge__ The northern Netherlandish provinces that made up the new state had traditionally been less important artistic centres than cities in Flanders in the south.", "Dutch Golden Age painting __knowledge__ The upheavals and large-scale transfers of population of the war, and the sharp break with the old monarchist and Catholic cultural traditions, meant that Dutch art had to reinvent itself entirely.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ Atlantic Recording Corporation (simply known as Atlantic Records) is an American major record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegün and Herb Abramson.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ Over its first 20 years of operation, Atlantic Records earned a reputation as one of the most important American recording labels, specializing in jazz, R&B and soul recordings by African-American musicians including Aretha Franklin, Ray Charles, Wilson Pickett, Sam and Dave, Ruth Brown and Otis Redding, a position greatly enhanced by its distribution deal with Stax Records.", "Atlantic Records __knowledge__ In 1967, Atlantic Records became a wholly owned subsidiary of Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, now the Warner Music Group, and expanded into rock and pop music with releases by bands such as Led Zeppelin and Yes.", "Modernism __knowledge__ Modernism is a philosophical movement that, along with cultural trends and changes, arose from wide-scale and far-reaching transformations in Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.", "Modernism __knowledge__ Among the factors that shaped modernism were the development of modern industrial societies and the rapid growth of cities, followed then by reactions of horror to World War I. Modernism also rejected the certainty of Enlightenment thinking, and many modernists rejected religious belief.", "Modernism __knowledge__ Modernism, in general, includes the activities and creations of those who felt the traditional forms of art, architecture, literature, religious faith, philosophy, social organization, activities of daily life, and even the sciences, were becoming ill-fitted to their tasks and outdated in the new economic, social, and political environment of an emerging fully industrialized world.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Early Netherlandish painting __knowledge__ Early Netherlandish painting is the work of artists, sometimes known as the Flemish Primitives, active in the Burgundian and Habsburg Netherlands during the 15th- and 16th-century Northern Renaissance; especially in the flourishing cities of Bruges, Ghent, Mechelen, Louvain, Tournai and Brussels, all in contemporary Belgium.", "Early Netherlandish painting __knowledge__ Their work follows the International Gothic style and begins approximately with Robert Campin and Jan van Eyck in the early 1420s.", "Early Netherlandish painting __knowledge__ It lasts at least until the death of Gerard David in 1523, although many scholars extend it to the start of the Dutch Revolt in 1566 or 1568 (Max J. Friedländer's acclaimed surveys run through Pieter Bruegel the Elder).", "Ayan Sadakov __knowledge__ Ayan Faikov Sadakov () (26 September 1961 – 1 July 2017) was a Bulgarian footballer and a key member of the Bulgarian national team in the 1986 FIFA World Cup.", "Ayan Sadakov __knowledge__ Sadakov began his club career at the local Lokomotiv Plovdiv.", "Ayan Sadakov __knowledge__ For \"The Smurfs\" he played eleven seasons, before transferring to Portugal's C.F.", "Ayan Sadakov __knowledge__ Os Belenenses in 1989.", "Ayan Sadakov __knowledge__ Two years later he return in Lokomotiv and played two years, before signed with Botev Plovdiv in summer 1994.", "Ayan Sadakov __knowledge__ Sadakov made 80 appearances for Bulgaria, between 1981 and 1991 and scored 9 goals.", "Ayan Sadakov __knowledge__ He played in four matches for his country at 1986 FIFA World Cup.", "Ayan Sadakov __knowledge__ Sadakov had been appointed on September 29, 2008 as a manager of Lokomotiv Plovdiv a second time to replace Dragan Kanatlarovski.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Yep Roc Records is an American independent record label based in Hillsborough, North Carolina, and owned by Redeye Distribution.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Since 1997, the label has released albums from North Carolina and international artists, including Aoife O'Donovan, Chatham County Line, Dave Alvin, Gang of Four, Los Straitjackets, Nick Lowe, Paul Weller, Robyn Hitchcock, Ryan Adams, The Apples in Stereo, The Reverend Horton Heat, Mandolin Orange, and Tift Merritt.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Tor Hansen started the label in 1997, two years after moving to North Carolina to help manage a chain of record stores in the South.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ In and around the musical hotbed of Chapel Hill, he encountered bands making good music but not really knowing how to get it out.", "Cuttack Chandi Temple __knowledge__ The Katak Chandi Temple( in Oriya କଟକ ଚଣ୍ଡୀ ମନ୍ଦିର ) is an ancient temple dedicated to the Goddess Chandi, the presiding deity of Cuttack, Orissa.", "Cuttack Chandi Temple __knowledge__ The temple is located nearby the banks of the Mahanadi River.", "Cuttack Chandi Temple __knowledge__ It is famous for the annual Durga Puja and Kali Puja festivals.", "Cuttack Chandi Temple __knowledge__ The Durga Puja festivities are prominent in Maa Katak Chandi temple which takes place for 16 days starting from dark fortnight of Ashwina Krishna Ashtami till Ashwina shukla navami and Vijayadashami.", "Cuttack Chandi Temple __knowledge__ The goddess popularly called as Maa Katak Chandi, sits and rules on the heart of the ancient city.", "Cuttack Chandi Temple __knowledge__ She has four hands holding Paasha (noose), Ankusha (goad), gestures dispelling fear (Abhaya), and granting boon (Varada).", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ This article contains brief biographies for characters from Terry Pratchett's \"Discworld\" series.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ This list consists of human characters.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ For biographies of noted members of the Discworld's \"ethnic minorities\" (dwarfs, trolls, undead (Discworld), etc.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ ), see the specific articles for those races.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ Some character biographies are also listed in articles relating to the organisations they belong to.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ For further Discworld character biographies, see the table below.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ Characters are listed alphabetically by name.", "Discworld characters __knowledge__ The daughter of Robert Dearheart, founder of the Grand Trunk Semaphore Company, and sister of the murdered John Dearheart, Adora Belle Dearheart (featured in \"Going Postal\", \"Making Money\" and \"Raising Steam\") is cynical, angry, and a heavy smoker (so memorably heavy that Moist, needing to find her, considered looking for a large plume of smoke coming from houses in the area, but ultimately asked a tobacconist), although it is also noted that she looks extremely good in a very plain gray dress.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Laurence Michael Yep (; born June 14, 1948) is a prolific Chinese-American writer, best known for children's books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ In 2005, he received the biennial Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal for his career contribution to American children's literature.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Yep was born in San Francisco to Yep Gim Lew (Thomas) and Franche.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ His older brother, Thomas, named him after studying a particular saint in a multicultural neighborhood that consisted of mostly African Americans.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Growing up, he often felt torn between U.S. and Chinese culture, and expressed this in many of his books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ A great deal of his work involves characters feeling alienated or not fitting into their surroundings and environment, something Yep has struggled with since childhood." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Artists can engage in many forms of art and activity", "The terms is used in the entertainment business but i like drawing personally, my favorite art", "engaging in art of practicing it can be fun but it is quite hard", "Yep art and artists are a bit of a dying bread in the sense its hard to make money practicing or doing art", "Yep i feel when it comes to practicing art and demonstrating art painting is the hardest" ]

[ "Artist", "Artist", "Artist", "Artist", "Artist" ]

[ "Dallas\nHave you ever been to Dallas?", "Yes. They are the home of the Dallas Cowboys.", "I love Emmit Smith.", "No, he is a football player." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas __knowledge__ It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.", "Dallas __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,317,929 as of July 1, 2016.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ From 2010 to 2016, Dallas recorded the highest net domestic migration in the country, in excess of 300,000.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Overall, the Dallas–Fort Worth metro area had the second largest population increase among metro areas in the U.S., which recorded a population of 7,233,323 as of July 1, 2016, an increase of 807,000 people since the 2010 census.", "History of the Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ This article contains an in-depth explanation of the history of the Dallas Cowboys, a professional American football team that competes in the National Football League (NFL).", "History of the Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The Dallas Cowboys were the NFL's first modern-era expansion team.", "History of the Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The NFL was late in awarding Dallas; after Lamar Hunt was rebuffed in his efforts to acquire an NFL franchise for Dallas, he became part of a group of owners that formed the American Football League with Hunt's AFL franchise in Dallas known as the Texans (later to become the Kansas City Chiefs).", "History of the Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ In an effort not to cede the South to the AFL, the NFL awarded Dallas a franchise, but not until after the 1960 college draft had been held.", "Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The Dallas Cowboys are a professional American football team based in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex.", "Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The Cowboys compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) East division.", "Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The team is headquartered in Frisco, Texas, and plays its home games at AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas, which opened for the 2009 season.", "Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The stadium took its current name prior to the 2013 season.", "Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The Cowboys joined the NFL as an expansion team in .", "Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The team's national following might best be represented by its NFL record of consecutive sell-outs.", "Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The Cowboys' streak of 190 consecutive sold-out regular and post-season games (home and away) began in 2002.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Dallas Mavericks (often referred to as the Mavs) are an American professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Mavericks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the American Airlines Center, which it shares with the National Hockey League's Dallas Stars.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ According to a 2016 \"Forbes\" magazine report, they are the ninth most valuable basketball franchise in the NBA, valued at approximately $1.4 billion.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ As of the 2017 season, the Mavericks have sold out 704 consecutive games since December 15, 2001, the longest currently running sellout streak in North American major league sports.", "Dallas (1978 TV series) __knowledge__ Dallas is an American prime time television soap opera that aired on CBS from April 2, 1978, to May 3, 1991.", "Dallas (1978 TV series) __knowledge__ The series revolves around a wealthy and feuding Texas family, the Ewings, who own the independent oil company Ewing Oil and the cattle-ranching land of Southfork.", "Dallas (1978 TV series) __knowledge__ The series originally focused on the marriage of Bobby Ewing and Pamela Barnes, whose families were sworn enemies with each other.", "Dallas (1978 TV series) __knowledge__ As the series progressed, oil tycoon J. R. Ewing became the show's breakout character, whose schemes and dirty business became the show's trademark.", "Dallas (1978 TV series) __knowledge__ When the show ended in May 1991, J.R. was the only character to have appeared in every episode.", "Dallas School District __knowledge__ The Dallas School District is a school district covering the Borough of Dallas and Dallas Township, Franklin Township and Kingston Township in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania.", "Dallas School District __knowledge__ Dallas School District encompasses approximately 46 square miles.", "Dallas School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 19,482.", "Dallas School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population rose to 20,558 people.", "Dallas School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Dallas School District population (25 years old and over) were 92.9% high school graduates and 35.6% college graduates.", "Dallas School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "2008 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ The 2008 Dallas Cowboys season was the 49th season for the team in the National Football League.", "2008 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ The season ended when the Cowboys were blown out by the Philadelphia Eagles 44–6 in week 17, their worst loss since the 1985 Chicago Bears came to Texas Stadium and beat the Cowboys 44–0.", "2008 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ It was the last season the Cowboys played at Texas Stadium; they moved to Cowboys Stadium in 2009.", "2008 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ Despite entering the last month of the season four games above .500, they failed to make the playoffs, losing three of their last four games and finishing with a 9–7 record.", "2008 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ The Cowboys arrived in Oxnard, California for training camp on July 24." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas __knowledge__ It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.", "Dallas __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,317,929 as of July 1, 2016.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ From 2010 to 2016, Dallas recorded the highest net domestic migration in the country, in excess of 300,000.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Overall, the Dallas–Fort Worth metro area had the second largest population increase among metro areas in the U.S., which recorded a population of 7,233,323 as of July 1, 2016, an increase of 807,000 people since the 2010 census.", "Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The Dallas Cowboys are a professional American football team based in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex.", "Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The Cowboys compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) East division.", "Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The team is headquartered in Frisco, Texas, and plays its home games at AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas, which opened for the 2009 season.", "Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The stadium took its current name prior to the 2013 season.", "Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The Cowboys joined the NFL as an expansion team in .", "Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The team's national following might best be represented by its NFL record of consecutive sell-outs.", "Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The Cowboys' streak of 190 consecutive sold-out regular and post-season games (home and away) began in 2002.", "History of the Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ This article contains an in-depth explanation of the history of the Dallas Cowboys, a professional American football team that competes in the National Football League (NFL).", "History of the Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The Dallas Cowboys were the NFL's first modern-era expansion team.", "History of the Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ The NFL was late in awarding Dallas; after Lamar Hunt was rebuffed in his efforts to acquire an NFL franchise for Dallas, he became part of a group of owners that formed the American Football League with Hunt's AFL franchise in Dallas known as the Texans (later to become the Kansas City Chiefs).", "History of the Dallas Cowboys __knowledge__ In an effort not to cede the South to the AFL, the NFL awarded Dallas a franchise, but not until after the 1960 college draft had been held.", "2007 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ The 2007 Dallas Cowboys season was the 48th season for the team in the National Football League.", "2007 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ This marked the first season for Wade Phillips as head coach.", "2007 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ Jason Garrett also joined the team this season as offensive coordinator.", "2007 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ The Cowboys finished the regular season tied for the best record in the NFC (13–3), and earned a first round bye and home field advantage throughout the playoffs.", "2007 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ However, they lost their first playoff game to the eventual Super Bowl champion New York Giants, a team that they had defeated in their two regular-season matchups.", "2007 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ With the loss, it extended the Cowboys drought of playoff wins to eleven years and tied the NFL record of 6 straight playoff games lost.", "Super Bowl XXVII __knowledge__ Super Bowl XXVII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Buffalo Bills and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Dallas Cowboys to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1992 season.", "Super Bowl XXVII __knowledge__ The Cowboys defeated the Bills by the score of 52–17, winning their third Super Bowl in team history, and their first one in fifteen years.", "Super Bowl XXVII __knowledge__ This game is tied with Super Bowl XXXVII as the second highest scoring Super Bowl ever with 69 combined points.", "Super Bowl XXVII __knowledge__ The Bills became the first team to lose three consecutive Super Bowls, and just the second team to play in three straight (the Miami Dolphins played in Super Bowls VI–VIII, winning VII and VIII).", "Washington Redskins __knowledge__ The Washington Redskins are a professional American football team based in the Washington metropolitan area.", "Washington Redskins __knowledge__ The Redskins compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member of the National Football Conference (NFC) East division.", "Washington Redskins __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at FedExField in Landover, Maryland; its headquarters and training facility are at Inova Sports Performance Center at Redskins Park in Ashburn, Virginia, and the Redskins Complex in Richmond, Virginia, respectively.", "Washington Redskins __knowledge__ The Redskins have played more than 1,000 games since 1932, and are one of only five franchises in the NFL to record over 600 regular season and postseason wins, reaching that mark in 2015.", "San Francisco 49ers __knowledge__ The San Francisco 49ers are a professional American football team located in the San Francisco Bay Area.", "San Francisco 49ers __knowledge__ They compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) West division.", "San Francisco 49ers __knowledge__ The team currently plays its home games at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California, located southeast of San Francisco in the heart of Silicon Valley.", "San Francisco 49ers __knowledge__ Since 1988, the 49ers have been headquartered in Santa Clara.", "San Francisco 49ers __knowledge__ The team was founded in 1946 as a charter member of the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) and joined the NFL in 1949 when the leagues merged.", "San Francisco 49ers __knowledge__ The 49ers were the first major league professional sports franchise based in San Francisco.", "2016 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ The 2016 Dallas Cowboys season was the franchise's 57th season in the National Football League, the eighth playing their home games at AT&T Stadium and the 6th full season under head coach Jason Garrett.", "2016 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ After losing their first game to the New York Giants, the Cowboys went undefeated for 11 straight games.", "2016 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ The streak ended with them losing again to the Giants in week 14, making this the first time since 2011 that the Giants would sweep the Cowboys.", "2016 Dallas Cowboys season __knowledge__ With division rivals Washington Redskins losing to the Arizona Cardinals in Week 13, the Cowboys clinched a playoff berth after missing the playoffs the previous year.", "Borgund, Møre og Romsdal __knowledge__ Borgund is a former municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway.", "Borgund, Møre og Romsdal __knowledge__ The municipality existed from 1837 until 1968 when it was merged into Ålesund Municipality.", "Borgund, Møre og Romsdal __knowledge__ Borgund originally encompassed the large area north of the Storfjorden and south of the Grytafjorden, from the mainland areas of today's Skodje Municipality in the east to the islands of today's Giske Municipality and the ocean in the west.", "Borgund, Møre og Romsdal __knowledge__ The city of Ålesund was located in the central part of Borgund, however, was not part of Borgund, and it was governed separately.", "Borgund, Møre og Romsdal __knowledge__ At its dissolution in 1968, it included the islands of Sula, Humla, Tørla, and Ellingsøya, as well as parts of Oksenøya, Hessa, and Nørvøya, plus many minor islands throughout the area.", "Borgund, Sogn og Fjordane __knowledge__ Borgund is a village and former municipality in Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway.", "Borgund, Sogn og Fjordane __knowledge__ It is located in the southeastern part of the traditional district of Sogn.", "Borgund, Sogn og Fjordane __knowledge__ The village of Borgund lies along the European route E16 highway, about southeast of the village of Lærdalsøyri.", "Borgund, Sogn og Fjordane __knowledge__ It is the site of the Borgund Church and the historic Borgund Stave Church.", "Borgund, Sogn og Fjordane __knowledge__ Borgund was a municipality from 1864 until 1964.", "Borgund, Sogn og Fjordane __knowledge__ It encompassed an area of about in the eastern part of the present-day municipality of Lærdal.", "Borgund, Sogn og Fjordane __knowledge__ The administrative center of Borgund was the village of Steinklepp, just northeast of the village of Borgund.", "Borgund, Sogn og Fjordane __knowledge__ Steinklepp was the site of a store, a bank, and a school.", "Borgund Stave Church __knowledge__ Borgund Stave Church () is a stave church located in the village of Borgund in the municipality of Lærdal in Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway.", "Borgund Stave Church __knowledge__ It is classified as a triple nave stave church of the so-called Sogn-type.", "Borgund Stave Church __knowledge__ This is also the best preserved of Norway's 28 extant stave churches.", "Borgund Stave Church __knowledge__ The church is part of the Borgund parish in the Indre Sogn deanery in the Diocese of Bjørgvin, although it is no longer used regularly for church functions, it is now used as a museum and it is run by the Society for the Preservation of Ancient Norwegian Monuments.", "Borgund Stave Church __knowledge__ Borgund Stave Church was built sometime between 1180 and 1250 AD with later additions and restorations.", "Texas __knowledge__ Texas (, ; ) is the second-largest state in the United States by both area and population.", "Texas __knowledge__ Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.", "Texas __knowledge__ Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S., while San Antonio is the second-most populous in the state and seventh largest in the U.S. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country, respectively.", "Ålesund __knowledge__ Ålesund () is a town and municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway.", "Ålesund __knowledge__ It is part of the traditional district of Sunnmøre, and the center of the Ålesund Region.", "Ålesund __knowledge__ It is a sea port, and is noted for its concentration of Art Nouveau architecture.", "Ålesund __knowledge__ The town of Ålesund is the administrative centre of Ålesund Municipality, as well as the principal shipping town of the Sunnmøre district.", "Ålesund __knowledge__ The municipality is the 382nd largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway.", "Ålesund __knowledge__ Ålesund is the 17th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 47,199.", "Ålesund __knowledge__ The municipality's population density is and its population has increased by 14% over the last decade.", "Sports in Texas __knowledge__ Texas is home of several national sports league franchises among other professional sports, being the second most populated U.S. state.", "Sports in Texas __knowledge__ Since the state is located in the South Central United States, most teams are part of the Central / South or West league divisions, with the notable exception of the NFL Dallas Cowboys, which is an NFC East franchise.", "Sports in Texas __knowledge__ Many Texans are passionate about American football and intensely follow high school and college football teams — often they dominate social and leisure activity.", "Sports in Texas __knowledge__ Professional football is also intensely popular in Texas, and the state is home to two National Football League (NFL) franchises, the Dallas Cowboys and Houston Texans." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas __knowledge__ It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.", "Dallas __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,317,929 as of July 1, 2016.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ From 2010 to 2016, Dallas recorded the highest net domestic migration in the country, in excess of 300,000.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Overall, the Dallas–Fort Worth metro area had the second largest population increase among metro areas in the U.S., which recorded a population of 7,233,323 as of July 1, 2016, an increase of 807,000 people since the 2010 census.", "The Narrow Escape Problem __knowledge__ \"The Narrow Escape Problem\" is the fourth episode of the third season of the FX anthology series \"Fargo\", and the twenty-fourth episode of the series overall.", "The Narrow Escape Problem __knowledge__ It was directed by Michael Uppendahl, and written by series executive producer Monica Beletsky.", "The Narrow Escape Problem __knowledge__ The title refers to the eponymous problem in biology, biophysics and cellular biology.", "The Narrow Escape Problem __knowledge__ In the episode, Ray Stussy (Ewan McGregor) impersonates his brother Emmit, withdrawing $10,000 from Emmit's bank account, but has to face the consequences, while Emmit (also played by McGregor)'s involvement with the mysterious organization represented by V. M. Varga (David Thewlis) runs deeper than ever before.", "V. M. Varga __knowledge__ V. M. Varga is a fictional character in the FX television series \"Fargo\".", "V. M. Varga __knowledge__ He is the antagonist of the third season and is portrayed by David Thewlis.", "V. M. Varga __knowledge__ Varga is a cunning and verbose criminal mastermind who presides over a massive money laundering scheme.", "V. M. Varga __knowledge__ He is the implied boss of the criminal organization Narwhal, which employs his henchmen Yuri Gurka (Goran Bogdan), Meemo (Andy Yu) and Golem (DJ Qualls), who carry out murders and confidence tricks.", "V. M. Varga __knowledge__ Varga is of apparent English origin and suffers from bulimia nervosa which led to his teeth deteriorating.", "V. M. Varga __knowledge__ On the character's eating disorder, Thewlis has said, \"The idea is bulimia in his life.", "The Law of Vacant Places __knowledge__ \"The Law of Vacant Places\" is the first episode of the third season of the FX anthology series \"Fargo\", and the twenty-first episode of the series overall.", "The Law of Vacant Places __knowledge__ It was written and directed by series creator and showrunner Noah Hawley.", "The Law of Vacant Places __knowledge__ The title refers to a method in bridge known as the principle or law of vacant places.", "The Law of Vacant Places __knowledge__ As each season of \"Fargo\" follows its own self-contained narrative, \"The Law of Vacant Places\", set in December 2010 over several towns in Minnesota, introduces a new storyline and cast; in the episode, probation officer Ray Stussy (Ewan McGregor), in need of money for himself and his new fiancée Nikki Swango (Mary Elizabeth Winstead), blackmails one of his parolees, the drug addict Maurice LeFay (Scoot McNairy), into stealing a valuable stamp from Ray's brother Emmit (also played by McGregor).", "Divine Right's Trip __knowledge__ Divine Right's Trip: A Novel of the Counterculture is a 1972 novel by Gurney Norman.", "Divine Right's Trip __knowledge__ The plot is set in the 1960s, which chronicles the awakening of the hippie stoner Divine Right (alter ego of the main character D.R.", "Divine Right's Trip __knowledge__ Davenport) as he travels from Kentucky with his girlfriend Estelle across the country, in a patient and introspective 1963 VW Bus, Urge.", "Divine Right's Trip __knowledge__ Divine Right has no idea where he is or where he is going.", "Divine Right's Trip __knowledge__ D.R.", "Divine Right's Trip __knowledge__ and Estelle take turns sleeping and driving, but D.R.", "Divine Right's Trip __knowledge__ 's constant straddling between waking and sleeping makes the journey as much an inner trip as it is a physical seemingly random trip from Urge to anywhere.", "Drillbit Taylor __knowledge__ Drillbit Taylor is a 2008 American comedy film starring Owen Wilson as the eponymous character and based on an original idea by John Hughes.", "Drillbit Taylor __knowledge__ It was directed by Steven Brill and the screenplay was written by Kristofor Brown and Seth Rogen.", "Drillbit Taylor __knowledge__ Paramount Pictures released the film on March 21, 2008.", "Drillbit Taylor __knowledge__ \"Drillbit Taylor\" was Hughes' last film as a writer before his death on August 6, 2009.", "Drillbit Taylor __knowledge__ He also used his pseudonym, Edmond Dantès, for this film.", "Drillbit Taylor __knowledge__ Reviews were mixed to negative and the film was a box office disappointment.", "Drillbit Taylor __knowledge__ On the first day of high school, Wade and Ryan witness two bullies, Filkins and Ronnie, attack a geek, Emmit, by stuffing him into his locker.", "Lincoln Coleman __knowledge__ Lincoln Coleman, Jr. (born August 12, 1969 in (Dallas, TX) is a former American football running back who played in the National Football League for the Dallas Cowboys and the Atlanta Falcons.", "Lincoln Coleman __knowledge__ Coleman helped the Cowboys win Super Bowl XXVIII, defeating the Buffalo Bills.", "Lincoln Coleman __knowledge__ He played for the Dallas Texans, Milwaukee Mustangs and the Grand Rapids Rampage of the Arena Football League.", "Lincoln Coleman __knowledge__ He played college football at Baylor University.", "Lincoln Coleman __knowledge__ Coleman attended Bryan Adams High School, where he was named prep All-American as a senior.", "Lincoln Coleman __knowledge__ He was a highly sought after prospect and accepted a scholarship from the University of Notre Dame in 1987.", "Egomeli K. Hormeku __knowledge__ Egomeli K. Hormeku (born January 19, 1987) is a serial entrepreneur, author and designer of Nothing Nice New York.", "Egomeli K. Hormeku __knowledge__ He founded and runs The Hormeku Group.", "Egomeli K. Hormeku __knowledge__ Hormeku was raised in Brownsville, Brooklyn, then a relatively high-crime \"tough\" area.", "Egomeli K. Hormeku __knowledge__ He is the son of Gloria Obuobi, an OB/GYN registered nurse, and Kofi Hormeku, a retired case worker for NYC Human Resources.", "Egomeli K. Hormeku __knowledge__ Hormeku attended the University of Arizona where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree with a double major in Political Science and Physiological Sciences in three years.", "Egomeli K. Hormeku __knowledge__ While at the University of Arizona, Hormeku was inducted into the Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity, and began the project that would culminate in his book, \"The Nerdy McFly Manifesto\".", "Super Bowl XXVII __knowledge__ Super Bowl XXVII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Buffalo Bills and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Dallas Cowboys to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1992 season.", "Super Bowl XXVII __knowledge__ The Cowboys defeated the Bills by the score of 52–17, winning their third Super Bowl in team history, and their first one in fifteen years.", "Super Bowl XXVII __knowledge__ This game is tied with Super Bowl XXXVII as the second highest scoring Super Bowl ever with 69 combined points.", "Super Bowl XXVII __knowledge__ The Bills became the first team to lose three consecutive Super Bowls, and just the second team to play in three straight (the Miami Dolphins played in Super Bowls VI–VIII, winning VII and VIII).", "Super Bowl __knowledge__ The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National Football League (NFL).", "Super Bowl __knowledge__ The game is the culmination to a regular season that begins in the late summer of the previous calendar year.", "Super Bowl __knowledge__ Normally, Roman numerals are used to identify each game, rather than the year in which it is held.", "Super Bowl __knowledge__ For example, Super Bowl I was played on January 15, 1967, following the 1966 regular season.", "Super Bowl __knowledge__ The sole exception to this naming convention tradition occurred with Super Bowl 50, which was played on February 7, 2016, following the 2015 regular season, and the following year, the nomenclature returned to Roman numerals for Super Bowl LI, following the 2016 regular season.", "Super Bowl XXX __knowledge__ Super Bowl XXX was an American football game between the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Dallas Cowboys and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Pittsburgh Steelers to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1995 season.", "Super Bowl XXX __knowledge__ The Cowboys defeated the Steelers by the score of 27–17.", "Super Bowl XXX __knowledge__ The game was played on January 28, 1996, at Sun Devil Stadium in Tempe, Arizona, the first time the Super Bowl was played in the Phoenix metropolitan area.", "Super Bowl XXX __knowledge__ Both teams entered the game trying to tie the San Francisco 49ers for the record for most Super Bowl wins by a franchise (5).", "Super Bowl XXXVII __knowledge__ Super Bowl XXXVII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Oakland Raiders and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Tampa Bay Buccaneers to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2002 season.", "Super Bowl XXXVII __knowledge__ The Buccaneers defeated the Raiders by the score of 48–21, tied with Super Bowl XXXV for the seventh largest Super Bowl margin of victory, and winning their first ever Super Bowl.", "Super Bowl XXXVII __knowledge__ The game, played on January 26, 2003 at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California, was the sixth Super Bowl to be held a week after the conference championship games (XVII, XXV, XXVIII, XXXIV, and XXXVI).", "Super Bowl XLVIII __knowledge__ Super Bowl XLVIII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Denver Broncos and National Football Conference (NFC) champion Seattle Seahawks to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2013 season.", "Super Bowl XLVIII __knowledge__ The Seahawks defeated the Broncos 43–8, the largest margin of victory for an underdog and tied for the third largest point differential overall (35) in Super Bowl history with Super Bowl XXVII (1993).", "Super Bowl XLVIII __knowledge__ It was the first time the winning team scored over 40 points, while holding their opponent to under 10.", "Super Bowl XLVIII __knowledge__ This became the first Super Bowl victory for the Seahawks and the fifth Super Bowl loss for the Broncos, the most of any team.", "Super Bowl XIII __knowledge__ Super Bowl XIII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Pittsburgh Steelers and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Dallas Cowboys to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1978 season.", "Super Bowl XIII __knowledge__ The Steelers defeated the Cowboys by the score of 35–31.", "Super Bowl XIII __knowledge__ The game was played on January 21, 1979, at the Orange Bowl in Miami, the fifth and last time that the Super Bowl was played in that stadium.", "Super Bowl XIII __knowledge__ This was the first Super Bowl that featured a rematch of a previous one (the Steelers had previously beaten the Cowboys, 21–17, in Super Bowl X), and both teams were attempting to be the first club to ever win a third Super Bowl.", "Super Bowl XLIII __knowledge__ Super Bowl XLIII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Pittsburgh Steelers and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Arizona Cardinals to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2008 season.", "Super Bowl XLIII __knowledge__ The Steelers defeated the Cardinals by the score of 27–23.", "Super Bowl XLIII __knowledge__ The game was played on February 1, 2009, at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida.", "Super Bowl XLIII __knowledge__ With this victory, the Steelers became the first team to win six Super Bowls.", "Super Bowl XLIII __knowledge__ The win was also Pittsburgh's second Super Bowl victory in four years, after winning Super Bowl XL at the end of the 2005 season." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas () is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.", "Dallas __knowledge__ It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, which is the fourth most populous metropolitan area in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's population ranks ninth in the U.S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties.", "Dallas __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816.", "Dallas __knowledge__ The United States Census Bureau's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,317,929 as of July 1, 2016.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Dallas is one of the fastest-growing cities in the United States.", "Dallas __knowledge__ From 2010 to 2016, Dallas recorded the highest net domestic migration in the country, in excess of 300,000.", "Dallas __knowledge__ Overall, the Dallas–Fort Worth metro area had the second largest population increase among metro areas in the U.S., which recorded a population of 7,233,323 as of July 1, 2016, an increase of 807,000 people since the 2010 census.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Hendrik Johannes \"Johan\" Cruijff (, anglicised to Cruyff; 25 April 1947 – 24 March 2016) was a Dutch professional football player and coach.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ As a player, he won the Ballon d'Or three times, in 1971, 1973, and 1974.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff was the most famous exponent of the football philosophy known as Total Football explored by Rinus Michels, and is widely regarded as one of the greatest players in football history.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ In the 1970s, Dutch football rose from near obscurity to become a powerhouse in the sport.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff led the Netherlands to the final of the 1974 FIFA World Cup and received the Golden Ball as player of the tournament.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ The early history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid–19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or run over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "Early history of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate considered to be the \"father of gridiron football\".", "Dutch Clark __knowledge__ Earl Harry \"Dutch\" Clark (October 11, 1906 – August 5, 1978), sometimes also known as the \"Flying Dutchman\" and the \"Old Master\", was an American football player and coach, basketball player and coach, and university athletic director.", "Dutch Clark __knowledge__ He gained his greatest acclaim as a football player and was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame with its inaugural class in 1951 and the Pro Football Hall of Fame with its inaugural class in 1963.", "Dutch Clark __knowledge__ He was also named in 1969 to the NFL 1930s All-Decade Team and was the first player to have his jersey (No.", "Dutch Clark __knowledge__ 7) retired by the Detroit Lions.", "Dutch Clark __knowledge__ Born in Colorado, Clark attended Colorado College where he played football, basketball, and baseball, and also competed in track and field.", "Best Female Football Player Of The Year Award (Europe) __knowledge__ Best Female Football Player Of The Year Award (Europe) Association: Federata Shqiptare e Futbollit (FSHF) Founded in 2009, the National Championship is the highest division of women's football in Albania.", "Best Female Football Player Of The Year Award (Europe) __knowledge__ Currently there are 11 teams competing in this domestic competition.", "Best Female Football Player Of The Year Award (Europe) __knowledge__ The Albanian Women's National Team was formed in 2011 and made its debut in a friendly against F.Y.R.Macedonia.", "Best Female Football Player Of The Year Award (Europe) __knowledge__ The match was won by Albania 1-0.", "Best Female Football Player Of The Year Award (Europe) __knowledge__ No awards are currently given in women's football.", "Best Female Football Player Of The Year Award (Europe) __knowledge__ Association: Federació Andorrana de Futbol (FAF) Currently there is no domestic competition in Andorra.", "Best Female Football Player Of The Year Award (Europe) __knowledge__ The Andorran National Team however has been announced to take part in the preliminary round of the qualifications for the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup to be held in France.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Eight-man football __knowledge__ Eight-man football is a form of gridiron football, generally played by high schools with smaller enrollments.", "Eight-man football __knowledge__ Eight-man football differs from the traditional 11-man game with the reduction of three players on each side of the ball and a field width of 40 yards; 13 1/3 yards narrower than the 53 1/3-yard 11-man field.", "Eight-man football __knowledge__ Most states continue to play on a 100-yard length field, whereas a few states opt for 80-yard lengths.", "Eight-man football __knowledge__ Reduced-player football, which consists of eight-man, six-man, and nine-man football has gained popularity across the United States.", "Eight-man football __knowledge__ As of 2015, 1,561 schools in 30 states sponsor reduced-player football, with 1,161 of those teams participating in eight-man leagues, whereas 284 teams play six-man football and 116 teams play nine-man football.", "History of American football __knowledge__ The history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football.", "History of American football __knowledge__ Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid-19th century, in which a football is kicked at a goal or kicked over a line, which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games.", "History of American football __knowledge__ American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football, most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp, a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate who is considered to be the \"Father of American Football\".", "Drillbit Taylor __knowledge__ Drillbit Taylor is a 2008 American comedy film starring Owen Wilson as the eponymous character and based on an original idea by John Hughes.", "Drillbit Taylor __knowledge__ It was directed by Steven Brill and the screenplay was written by Kristofor Brown and Seth Rogen.", "Drillbit Taylor __knowledge__ Paramount Pictures released the film on March 21, 2008.", "Drillbit Taylor __knowledge__ \"Drillbit Taylor\" was Hughes' last film as a writer before his death on August 6, 2009.", "Drillbit Taylor __knowledge__ He also used his pseudonym, Edmond Dantès, for this film.", "Drillbit Taylor __knowledge__ Reviews were mixed to negative and the film was a box office disappointment.", "Drillbit Taylor __knowledge__ On the first day of high school, Wade and Ryan witness two bullies, Filkins and Ronnie, attack a geek, Emmit, by stuffing him into his locker.", "Judd Apatow __knowledge__ Judd Apatow (; born December 6, 1967) is an American producer, writer, director, stand-up comedian and actor.", "Judd Apatow __knowledge__ He is the founder of Apatow Productions, through which he produced and developed the television series \"Freaks and Geeks\", \"Undeclared\", \"Girls, Love\", and \"Crashing\" and directed the films \"The 40-Year-Old Virgin\" (2005), \"Knocked Up\" (2007), \"Funny People\" (2009), \"This Is 40\" (2012), and \"Trainwreck\" (2015).", "Judd Apatow __knowledge__ Apatow's work has won numerous awards including a Primetime Emmy Award, a Hollywood Comedy Award, and an AFI Award for \"Bridesmaids\" (2011).", "Judd Apatow __knowledge__ His films have also been nominated for Grammy Awards, PGA Awards, Golden Globe Awards, and Academy Awards.", "Seth Rogen __knowledge__ Seth Aaron Rogen (; born April 15, 1982) is a Canadian–American actor, comedian and filmmaker.", "Seth Rogen __knowledge__ He began his career performing stand-up comedy during his teenage years.", "Seth Rogen __knowledge__ While still living in his native Vancouver, he landed a supporting role in Judd Apatow's series \"Freaks and Geeks\".", "Seth Rogen __knowledge__ Shortly after he moved to Los Angeles for his role, \"Freaks and Geeks\" was officially cancelled after one season due to low viewership.", "Seth Rogen __knowledge__ Rogen later got a part on sitcom \"Undeclared\", which also hired him as a staff writer.", "Seth Rogen __knowledge__ After landing his job as a staff writer on the final season of \"Da Ali G Show\", Apatow guided him toward a film career.", "University High School (Los Angeles) __knowledge__ University High School, commonly known as \"Uni\", is a secondary school located in West Los Angeles, a district in Los Angeles, California, near the border of Santa Monica.", "University High School (Los Angeles) __knowledge__ University High is part of the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD).", "University High School (Los Angeles) __knowledge__ The campus also holds Indian Springs Continuation High School.", "University High School (Los Angeles) __knowledge__ The school contains the Serra Springs, a sacred site of the Tongva–Gabrieleño people and a registered California Historical Landmark.", "University High School (Los Angeles) __knowledge__ While under construction it was known as Sawtelle High School, but it opened as Warren G. Harding High School when built in 1924, after U.S. President Warren G. Harding, who had recently died.", "Owen Wilson __knowledge__ Owen Cunningham Wilson (born November 18, 1968) is an American actor, producer, and screenwriter.", "Owen Wilson __knowledge__ He has had a long association with filmmaker Wes Anderson, with whom he shared writing and acting credits for \"Bottle Rocket\" (1996) and \"The Royal Tenenbaums\" (2001), the latter of which earned him a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay.", "Owen Wilson __knowledge__ His older brother Andrew and younger brother Luke are also actors.", "Owen Wilson __knowledge__ He is known for his roles in Frat Pack comedies and as well as voicing Lightning McQueen in the \"Cars\" franchise.", "Owen Wilson __knowledge__ Wilson was born in Dallas, Texas, to photographer Laura (née Cunningham) Wilson (born October 17, 1939) and Robert Andrew Wilson (1941–2017), an advertising executive and operator of a public television station.", "Kyle Kaplan __knowledge__ Kyle Joseph Kaplan (born 1990) is an American actor.", "Kyle Kaplan __knowledge__ At the age of 13, Kaplan toured with Jim Henson's Bear and the Big Blue House Live!", "Kyle Kaplan __knowledge__ across the U.S. and United Kingdom for ten months.", "Kyle Kaplan __knowledge__ He also performed at the Los Angeles Stage Ovation Awards in 2004.", "Kyle Kaplan __knowledge__ He is a member of a comedy improvisation troupe in Los Angeles.", "Kyle Kaplan __knowledge__ Early in his career, he was the subject of a German filmmaker's documentary called \"Hollywood Kids\".", "Kyle Kaplan __knowledge__ Kaplan's current focus is on television and film.", "Kyle Kaplan __knowledge__ He played Greg Grunberg's nephew in NBC's \"Grand Union\" sitcom pilot in 2005 and has appeared in several national commercials, including Wendy's restaurants, Yahoo!, Cingular Wireless, Simon Malls, Dairy Queen, and most recently, Honda.", "Josh Peck __knowledge__ Joshua Michael Peck (born November 10, 1986) is an American actor, voice actor, comedian and YouTube personality.", "Josh Peck __knowledge__ He is known for playing Josh Nichols in the Nickelodeon live-action sitcom \"Drake & Josh\".", "Josh Peck __knowledge__ He began his career as a child actor in the late 90s and early 2000s, and became known to young audiences after his role on \"The Amanda Show\".", "Josh Peck __knowledge__ He has since acted in films such as \"Mean Creek\", \"Drillbit Taylor\", \"The Wackness\", \"ATM\", and \"Red Dawn\", along with voicing Eddie in the \"Ice Age\" franchise.", "Josh Peck __knowledge__ He also starred as Gerald in a lead role with John Stamos in the series \"Grandfathered\".", "Josh Peck __knowledge__ He formally voiced Casey Jones in \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\"." ] ]

[ 1, 28, 32, 16 ]

[ "I haven't but I know that Texas is one of the largest states in America and Dallas is one of the largest citites.", "Wow their team competed in the Super Bowl XXVII, I remember that one for all it's great commercials", "Is that a film? Because I love Drillbit Taylor, it's probably the best Owen Wilson comedy.", "I am much more of a fan of Early American Football and it's history, it was more like rugby than anything else. " ]

[ "Dallas", "Dallas", "Dallas", "Dallas" ]

[ "Teacher", "Wow that's great, I love teachers", "Yes I do, he had a funny name he is late now. His name is Japan. I wonder what skill one needs to become a teacher" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Teacher __knowledge__ A teacher (also called a school teacher or, in some contexts, an educator) is a person who helps others to acquire knowledge, competences or values.", "Teacher __knowledge__ \"Informally\" the role of teacher may be taken on by anyone (e.g.", "Teacher __knowledge__ when showing a colleague how to perform a specific task).", "Teacher __knowledge__ In some countries, teaching young people of school age may be carried out in an informal setting, such as within the family (homeschooling), rather than in a formal setting such as a school or college.", "Teacher __knowledge__ Some other professions may involve a significant amount of teaching (e.g.", "Teacher __knowledge__ youth worker, pastor).", "Teacher __knowledge__ In most countries, \"formal\" teaching of students is usually carried out by paid professional teachers.", "Teacher __knowledge__ This article focuses on those who are \"employed\", as their main role, to teach others in a \"formal\" education context, such as at a school or other place of \"initial\" formal education or training.", "Teacher __knowledge__ A teacher's role may vary among cultures.", "Teacher __knowledge__ Teachers may provide instruction in literacy and numeracy, craftsmanship or vocational training, the arts, religion, civics, community roles, or life skills.", "Teacher __knowledge__ Formal teaching tasks include preparing lessons according to agreed curricula, giving lessons, and assessing pupil progress.", "Teacher __knowledge__ A teacher's professional duties may extend beyond formal teaching." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Teacher __knowledge__ A teacher (also called a school teacher or, in some contexts, an educator) is a person who helps others to acquire knowledge, competences or values.", "Teacher __knowledge__ \"Informally\" the role of teacher may be taken on by anyone (e.g.", "Teacher __knowledge__ when showing a colleague how to perform a specific task).", "Teacher __knowledge__ In some countries, teaching young people of school age may be carried out in an informal setting, such as within the family (homeschooling), rather than in a formal setting such as a school or college.", "Teacher __knowledge__ Some other professions may involve a significant amount of teaching (e.g.", "Teacher __knowledge__ youth worker, pastor).", "Teacher __knowledge__ In most countries, \"formal\" teaching of students is usually carried out by paid professional teachers.", "Teacher __knowledge__ This article focuses on those who are \"employed\", as their main role, to teach others in a \"formal\" education context, such as at a school or other place of \"initial\" formal education or training.", "Teacher __knowledge__ A teacher's role may vary among cultures.", "Teacher __knowledge__ Teachers may provide instruction in literacy and numeracy, craftsmanship or vocational training, the arts, religion, civics, community roles, or life skills.", "Teacher __knowledge__ Formal teaching tasks include preparing lessons according to agreed curricula, giving lessons, and assessing pupil progress.", "Teacher __knowledge__ A teacher's professional duties may extend beyond formal teaching.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ WOW - Women Of Wrestling, aka WOW!, is a women's professional wrestling promotion founded in 2000 by David McLane, previously the founder of Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ It is based in Los Angeles, California, and is owned by McLane and Los Angeles Lakers owner and president Jeanie Buss.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ The promotion launched a series of syndicated programs in the 2000-01 television seasons in 102 TV markets using a similar format of character driven performers, with names befitting a comic book series, such as Jungle Grrrl, an inmate tag-team complete with orange jump suits named Caged Heat, a Hollywood starlet named Lana Star, and the Persian Princess.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ \"Daddy Wouldn’t Buy Me a Bow Wow\" is a song written in 1892 by prolific English songwriter Joseph Tabrar.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ It was written for, and first performed in 1892 by, Vesta Victoria at the South London Palace, holding a kitten.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The same year it was recorded by Silas Leachman for the North American Phonograph Co. of Chicago (Talking Machine Company of Chicago/Chicago Talking Machine).", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ In 1895 Toulouse-Lautrec painted May Belfort singing it.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The comedian Arthur Roberts also had success in the 1890s with the song.", "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow __knowledge__ The song featured in the 1934 musical movie \"Evergreen\", sung by Jessie Matthews, and was also revived after World War II.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District is a large, suburban, public school district located in suburban Harrisburg, Pennsylvania serving students in central and eastern Dauphin County.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It is the largest school district in the county, the largest in the greater Harrisburg metropolitan area and is the 14th largest school district in Pennsylvania.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The district serves the Boroughs of: Dauphin, Paxtang and Penbrook as well as Lower Paxton Township, Middle Paxton Township, Swatara Township and West Hanover Township.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It was created in 1954, combining four smaller districts.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District encompasses approximately .", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ West Shore School District, is a large, suburban, public school district with its main office located in Lewisberry, Pennsylvania.The Superintendent is Todd Stoltz.", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ This district serves students in eastern Cumberland County and northern York County.", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ It serves the municipalities of Lemoyne, New Cumberland and Wormleysburg boroughs and Lower Allen Township in Cumberland County; Goldsboro and Lewisberry boroughs, Fairview Township and Newberry Township in York County.", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ West Shore School District encompasses approximately .", "West Shore School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, the District served a resident population of 57,960 people.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District is a midsized, suburban/rural, public school district in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ It serves Northumberland Borough, Point Township, Rockefeller Township, Snydertown Borough, the City of Sunbury, and Upper Augusta Township.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The administrative offices are located at Administration Center, 200 Island Blvd, Sunbury, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District encompasses approximately .", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, Per the US Census Bureau, by 2010, the district's population declined to 22,554 people.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Shikellamy School District population 25 and over were 83.6% high school graduates and 15.3% college graduates.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ Shamokin Area School District is a small, rural public school district located in Coal Township, Pennsylvania, US.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ The Shamokin Area School District community consists of the city of Shamokin and the townships of Coal, East Cameron and Shamokin.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ It is located at the southern end of the anthracite coal region in Northumberland County in central Pennsylvania with a population of approximately 21,000.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ According to the US Census Bureau, by 2010, the district's population declined to 20,876 people.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Shamokin Area School District population (25 years old and over) were 82.4% high school graduates and 9.3% college graduates.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ Selinsgrove Area School District is a mid-sized, suburban/rural public school district centered in Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania in eastern Snyder County, Pennsylvania.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The Selinsgrove Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 21,015 people.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ In 2010 the district's population increased to 22,259 people.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ District enrollment has declined to approximately 2700 students clustered on a campus located in the borough of Selinsgrove.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The Pennsylvania Department of Education projected a continued decline in enrollment to 2,500 in 2010.", "Warrior Run School District __knowledge__ Warrior Run School District is a small, rural, public school district that covers .", "Warrior Run School District __knowledge__ It spans townships in three different counties: Gregg Township in Union County, Delaware Township and Lewis Township in Northumberland County, and Anthony Township and Limestone Township in Montour County in central Pennsylvania, USA.", "Warrior Run School District __knowledge__ It also serves the residents of the boroughs of Turbotville, McEwensville and Watsontown.", "Warrior Run School District __knowledge__ In 2010, the US Census Bureau reported the District's population increased to 17,278 people.", "Warrior Run School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, Warrior Run School District served a resident population of 16,542.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The Milton Area School District is a small, rural public school district headquartered in Milton, Pennsylvania.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The district is located in Northumberland and Union counties.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ Milton Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 15,510.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the Milton Area School District's population increased to 16,561 people.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 85.5% high school graduates and 13% college graduates.", "Milton Area School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Teacher __knowledge__ A teacher (also called a school teacher or, in some contexts, an educator) is a person who helps others to acquire knowledge, competences or values.", "Teacher __knowledge__ \"Informally\" the role of teacher may be taken on by anyone (e.g.", "Teacher __knowledge__ when showing a colleague how to perform a specific task).", "Teacher __knowledge__ In some countries, teaching young people of school age may be carried out in an informal setting, such as within the family (homeschooling), rather than in a formal setting such as a school or college.", "Teacher __knowledge__ Some other professions may involve a significant amount of teaching (e.g.", "Teacher __knowledge__ youth worker, pastor).", "Teacher __knowledge__ In most countries, \"formal\" teaching of students is usually carried out by paid professional teachers.", "Teacher __knowledge__ This article focuses on those who are \"employed\", as their main role, to teach others in a \"formal\" education context, such as at a school or other place of \"initial\" formal education or training.", "Teacher __knowledge__ A teacher's role may vary among cultures.", "Teacher __knowledge__ Teachers may provide instruction in literacy and numeracy, craftsmanship or vocational training, the arts, religion, civics, community roles, or life skills.", "Teacher __knowledge__ Formal teaching tasks include preparing lessons according to agreed curricula, giving lessons, and assessing pupil progress.", "Teacher __knowledge__ A teacher's professional duties may extend beyond formal teaching.", "Saginaw Valley State University __knowledge__ Saginaw Valley State University (SVSU) (commonly referred to as SVSU, SV, or Saginaw Valley) is a public university located in University Center, Michigan.", "Saginaw Valley State University __knowledge__ It was founded in 1963 as Saginaw Valley College.", "Saginaw Valley State University __knowledge__ It is located on 748 acres approximately 6 miles from downtown Saginaw in Kochville Township, Saginaw County.", "Saginaw Valley State University __knowledge__ It is also only 8.5 miles from Bay City and 20 miles from Midland.", "Saginaw Valley State University __knowledge__ It is the youngest of Michigan's 15 public colleges and universities.", "Saginaw Valley State University __knowledge__ SVSU offers over 100 academic programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels with approximately 10,000 students at its main campus in University Center.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Melvin J. Zahnow Library __knowledge__ The Melvin J. Zahnow Library is named for Melvin J. Zahnow and is part of Instructional Facility #2 at Saginaw Valley State University, in the state of Michigan, United States.", "Melvin J. Zahnow Library __knowledge__ Named for one of the university's founders, the Melvin J. Zahnow Library opened its doors in the spring of 1987.", "Melvin J. Zahnow Library __knowledge__ Its spans four floors, offering its users a comfortable and convenient place for research and study.", "Melvin J. Zahnow Library __knowledge__ Zahnow Library is one of the region's largest and most modern libraries.", "Melvin J. Zahnow Library __knowledge__ As of 2000, the library's collection totals more than 621,113 items and is increasing by nearly 20,000 each year.", "Melvin J. Zahnow Library __knowledge__ In addition to books, the library houses generous collections of periodicals and audio-visual materials, government documents, university archives and more than 370,000 microforms.", "Eric R. Gilbertson __knowledge__ Eric R. Gilbertson was the third and longest-serving President of Saginaw Valley State University, in the U.S. state of Michigan.", "Eric R. Gilbertson __knowledge__ He succeeded Dr. Jack McBride Ryder as President of SVSU in August 1989, serving until his retirement in February 2014.", "Eric R. Gilbertson __knowledge__ Since his arrival, approximately $196 million in construction has been completed on the SVSU campus, with enrollments increasing from 5,915 in fall semester 1989 to over 10,000 when he left office.", "Eric R. Gilbertson __knowledge__ President Gilbertson earned a Juris Doctor degree (with honors) from Cleveland State University.", "Eric R. Gilbertson __knowledge__ He holds a masters of arts in economics from Ohio University and a bachelor of science degree from Bluffton College (Ohio).", "Vonnie DeLong __knowledge__ Vonnie DeLong, formerly Vonnie Thompson and Vonnie Killmer (born October 17, 1965), is an American women's basketball coach and former player.", "Vonnie DeLong __knowledge__ She played college basketball at both Notre Dame and the University of Michigan.", "Vonnie DeLong __knowledge__ She holds the Michigan Wolverines women's basketball single-season record with 156 assists during the 1987-88 season.", "Vonnie DeLong __knowledge__ DeLong is currently the head coach of the girls' basketball team at Saginaw Heritage High School.", "Vonnie DeLong __knowledge__ She previously served as a coach at Saginaw's Arthur Hill High School and Saginaw Valley State University.", "Vonnie DeLong __knowledge__ She was inducted into the Saginaw Valley Sports Hall of Fame in 2011.", "Interrogative __knowledge__ Interrogative is a term used in grammar to refer to features that form questions.", "Interrogative __knowledge__ Thus, an interrogative sentence is a sentence whose grammatical form shows that it is a question.", "Interrogative __knowledge__ Such sentences are sometimes said to exhibit an interrogative mood—thus treating interrogative as one of the grammatical mood.", "Interrogative __knowledge__ This applies particularly to languages that use different inflected verb forms to make questions.", "Interrogative __knowledge__ Interrogative sentences can serve as yes–no questions or as \"wh\"-questions, the latter being formed using an interrogative word such as \"who\", \"which\", \"where\" or \"how\" to specify the information required.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Slinfold __knowledge__ Slinfold is a village and civil parish in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England.", "Slinfold __knowledge__ The village is almost west of Horsham, just off the A29 road.", "Slinfold __knowledge__ The parish covers .", "Slinfold __knowledge__ The 2001 Census recorded a population of 1,647 people living in 627 households of whom 780 were economically active.", "Slinfold __knowledge__ Slinfold is the source of the western River Adur, which flows to the English Channel at Shoreham-by-Sea There has been a house at Dedisham, northeast of the village, since at least 1271, when Henry III granted the then occupier a licence to crenellate the manor house then on the site.", "Slinfold __knowledge__ The present house on the site appears to date from the 16th or 17th century.", "Tracking (education) __knowledge__ Tracking is separating pupils by academic ability into groups for all subjects or certain classes and curriculum within a school.", "Tracking (education) __knowledge__ It may be referred to as streaming or phasing in certain schools.", "Tracking (education) __knowledge__ In a tracking system, the entire school population is assigned to classes according to whether the students' overall achievement is above average, normal, or below average.", "Tracking (education) __knowledge__ Students attend academic classes only with students whose overall academic achievement is the same as their own.", "Tracking (education) __knowledge__ Ability grouping is \"not\" synonymous with tracking.", "Tracking (education) __knowledge__ Tracking differs from ability grouping by scale and permanence.", "Tracking (education) __knowledge__ Ability groups are small, informal groups formed within a single classroom.", "Pre-assessment __knowledge__ Pre-assessment is a test students can take before a new unit to find out what the students need more instruction on and what they may already know.", "Pre-assessment __knowledge__ Pre-assessment is a way to save teachers time within the classroom while teaching new material.", "Pre-assessment __knowledge__ It is a great way to find out more about the students, what they are interested in and how they learn best.", "Pre-assessment __knowledge__ There are many types of best teaching practices.", "Pre-assessment __knowledge__ One of them is pre-assessment, which helps teachers better understand their students when preparing lessons, and activities to better fit the students in the class.", "Pre-assessment __knowledge__ Pre-assessment is a test that can be administered at the beginning of the school year and before new units.", "Pauli Murray __knowledge__ Anna Pauline \"Pauli\" Murray (November 20, 1910 – July 1, 1985) was an American civil rights activist, women's rights activist, lawyer, Episcopal priest, and author.", "Pauli Murray __knowledge__ Drawn to the ministry, in 1977 Murray became the first black woman to be ordained as an Episcopal priest and she was among the first group of women to become priests in that church.", "Pauli Murray __knowledge__ Born in Baltimore, Maryland, Murray was raised mostly by her maternal grandparents in Durham, North Carolina.", "Pauli Murray __knowledge__ At the age of 16, she moved to New York City to attend Hunter College, and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in English in 1933.", "Pauli Murray __knowledge__ In 1940, Murray sat in the whites-only section of a Virginia bus with a friend, and they were arrested for violating state segregation laws.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Emily Gilmore __knowledge__ Emily Gilmore is a fictional character who appears in the American comedy-drama television series \"Gilmore Girls\" (2000 – 2007) and its revival \"\" (2016) as the matriarch of the eponymous family.", "Emily Gilmore __knowledge__ Portrayed by actress Kelly Bishop, the character was created by series creator Amy Sherman-Palladino in order to add a tragic element to the show's light-hearted nature.", "Emily Gilmore __knowledge__ Emily has had a complicated relationship with her daughter Lorelai ever since the character runs away at age 17 to raise her newborn daughter Rory on her own.", "Emily Gilmore __knowledge__ They remain estranged for several years until Lorelai asks her parents to help pay for Rory's schooling, to which Emily agrees on the condition that her daughter and granddaughter visit them for dinner every Friday evening." ] ]

[ 2, 11, 4 ]

[ "I'm a teacher - which informally can be a role taken on by anyone but I teach middle school math", "I love it although preparing lessons and assessing progress can be tedious. Do you have a favorite teacher you remember?", "In some countries teaching young kids can be done informally, like homeschooling, where you don't need skills. " ]

[ "Teacher", "Teacher", "Teacher" ]

[ "Watercolor painting", "Is the paper important for the watercolors not to run?", "I've never painted with watercolors. Is it difficult to learn painting?", "Did he have any famous paintings I might have heard of?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolor (American English) or watercolour (British English; see spelling differences), also aquarelle (French, diminutive of Latin \"aqua\" \"water\"), is a painting method in which the paints are made of pigments suspended in a water-based solution.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ \"Watercolor\" refers to both the medium and the resulting artwork.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Aquarelles painted with water-soluble colored ink instead of modern water colors are called “aquarellum atramento” (Latin for “aquarelle made with ink”) by experts.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ However, this term has been more and more passing out of use.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ The traditional and most common \"support\"—material to which the paint is applied—for watercolor paintings is paper.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Other supports include papyrus, bark papers, plastics, vellum, leather, fabric, wood and canvas.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolor paper is often made entirely or partially with cotton, which gives a good texture and minimizes distortion when wet.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolors are usually translucent, and appear luminous because the pigments are laid down in a pure form with few fillers obscuring the pigment colors.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolors can also be made opaque by adding Chinese white.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ In East Asia, watercolor painting with inks is referred to as brush painting or scroll painting.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ In Chinese, Korean and Japanese painting it has been the dominant medium, often in monochrome black or browns." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolor (American English) or watercolour (British English; see spelling differences), also aquarelle (French, diminutive of Latin \"aqua\" \"water\"), is a painting method in which the paints are made of pigments suspended in a water-based solution.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ \"Watercolor\" refers to both the medium and the resulting artwork.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Aquarelles painted with water-soluble colored ink instead of modern water colors are called “aquarellum atramento” (Latin for “aquarelle made with ink”) by experts.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ However, this term has been more and more passing out of use.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ The traditional and most common \"support\"—material to which the paint is applied—for watercolor paintings is paper.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Other supports include papyrus, bark papers, plastics, vellum, leather, fabric, wood and canvas.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolor paper is often made entirely or partially with cotton, which gives a good texture and minimizes distortion when wet.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolors are usually translucent, and appear luminous because the pigments are laid down in a pure form with few fillers obscuring the pigment colors.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolors can also be made opaque by adding Chinese white.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ In East Asia, watercolor painting with inks is referred to as brush painting or scroll painting.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ In Chinese, Korean and Japanese painting it has been the dominant medium, often in monochrome black or browns.", "William Hogarth __knowledge__ William Hogarth FRSA (; 10 November 1697 – 26 October 1764) was an English painter, printmaker, pictorial satirist, social critic, and editorial cartoonist.", "William Hogarth __knowledge__ His work ranged from realistic portraiture to comic strip-like series of pictures called \"modern moral subjects\", perhaps best known being his moral series \"A Harlot's Progress\", \"A Rake's Progress\" and \"Marriage A-la-Mode\".", "William Hogarth __knowledge__ Knowledge of his work is so pervasive that satirical political illustrations in this style are often referred to as \"Hogarthian\".", "William Hogarth __knowledge__ Hogarth was born in London to a poor middle-class family.", "William Hogarth __knowledge__ In his youth he took up an apprenticeship where he specialised in engraving.", "Beer Street and Gin Lane __knowledge__ Beer Street and Gin Lane are two prints issued in 1751 by English artist William Hogarth in support of what would become the Gin Act.", "Beer Street and Gin Lane __knowledge__ Designed to be viewed alongside each other, they depict the evils of the consumption of gin as a contrast to the merits of drinking beer.", "Beer Street and Gin Lane __knowledge__ At almost the same time and on the same subject, Hogarth's friend Henry Fielding published \"An Inquiry into the Late Increase in Robbers\".", "Beer Street and Gin Lane __knowledge__ Issued together with \"The Four Stages of Cruelty\", the prints continued a movement started in \"Industry and Idleness\", away from depicting the laughable foibles of fashionable society (as he had done with \"Marriage à-la-mode\") and towards a more cutting satire on the problems of poverty and crime.", "Four Times of the Day __knowledge__ Four Times of the Day is a series of four paintings by English artist William Hogarth.", "Four Times of the Day __knowledge__ Completed in 1736, they were reproduced as a series of four engravings published in 1738.", "Four Times of the Day __knowledge__ They are humorous depictions of life in the streets of London, the vagaries of fashion, and the interactions between the rich and poor.", "Four Times of the Day __knowledge__ Unlike many of Hogarth's other series, such as \"A Harlot's Progress\", \"A Rake's Progress\", \"Industry and Idleness\", and \"The Four Stages of Cruelty\", it does not depict the story of an individual, but instead focuses on the society of the city.", "Four Times of the Day __knowledge__ Hogarth intended the series to be humorous rather than instructional; the pictures do not offer a judgment on whether the rich or poor are more deserving of the viewer's sympathies: while the upper and middle classes tend to provide the focus for each scene, there are fewer of the moral comparisons seen in some of his other works.", "The Four Stages of Cruelty __knowledge__ The Four Stages of Cruelty is a series of four printed engravings published by English artist William Hogarth in 1751.", "The Four Stages of Cruelty __knowledge__ Each print depicts a different stage in the life of the fictional Tom Nero.", "The Four Stages of Cruelty __knowledge__ Beginning with the torture of a dog as a child in the \"First stage of cruelty\", Nero progresses to beating his horse as a man in the \"Second stage of cruelty\", and then to robbery, seduction, and murder in \"Cruelty in perfection\".", "The Four Stages of Cruelty __knowledge__ Finally, in \"The reward of cruelty\", he receives what Hogarth warns is the inevitable fate of those who start down the path Nero has followed: his body is taken from the gallows after his execution as a murderer and is mutilated by surgeons in the anatomical theatre.", "The Bench (Hogarth) __knowledge__ The Bench is the title of both a 1758 oil-on-canvas painting by the English artist William Hogarth, and a print issued by him in the same year.", "The Bench (Hogarth) __knowledge__ Unlike many of Hogarth's engravings produced from painted originals, the print differs considerably from the painting.", "The Bench (Hogarth) __knowledge__ It was intended as a demonstration of the differences between character painting, caricature and \"outré\"—developing on the theme he had begun to address in \"Characters and Caricaturas\" (his subscription ticket for \"Marriage à-la-mode\")—but Hogarth was unhappy with the result as it showed only \"characters\", and he continued to work on the piece until his death.", "Sigismunda mourning over the Heart of Guiscardo __knowledge__ Sigismunda mourning over the Heart of Guiscardo, fully titled Sigismunda mourning over the Heart of Guiscardo, her murder'd Husband, is an oil painting by British artist William Hogarth.", "Sigismunda mourning over the Heart of Guiscardo __knowledge__ Finished in 1759, it was the principal piece of the eight works he displayed in an exhibition in 1761.", "Sigismunda mourning over the Heart of Guiscardo __knowledge__ It was the final and most ambitious of his attempts to secure for himself a reputation as a genre painter.", "Sigismunda mourning over the Heart of Guiscardo __knowledge__ It depicts a dramatic moment in one of the \"novelle\" in Boccaccio's \"Decameron\".", "Sigismunda mourning over the Heart of Guiscardo __knowledge__ While Hogarth had expected this work to be acclaimed as a masterpiece of dramatic painting, the work was met with criticism and ridicule.", "The Iron Giant __knowledge__ The Iron Giant is a 1999 American animated science fiction comedy-drama film using both traditional animation and computer animation, produced by and directed by Brad Bird in his directorial debut.", "The Iron Giant __knowledge__ It is based on the 1968 novel \"The Iron Man\" by Ted Hughes (which was published in the United States as \"The Iron Giant\") and was scripted by Tim McCanlies from a story treatment by Bird.", "The Iron Giant __knowledge__ The film stars the voices of Eli Marienthal, Christopher McDonald, Jennifer Aniston, Harry Connick, Jr., John Mahoney, and Vin Diesel.", "The Iron Giant __knowledge__ Set during the Cold War in 1957, the film is about a young boy named Hogarth Hughes, who discovers a giant metallic robot who fell from space.", "Paper __knowledge__ Paper is a thin material produced by pressing together moist fibres of cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them into flexible sheets.", "Paper __knowledge__ It is a versatile material with many uses, including writing, printing, packaging, cleaning, and a number of industrial and construction processes.", "Paper __knowledge__ The pulp papermaking process is said to have been developed in China during the early 2nd century CE, possibly as early as the year 105 CE, by the Han court eunuch Cai Lun, although the earliest archaeological fragments of paper derive from the 2nd century BCE in China.", "Paper __knowledge__ The modern pulp and paper industry is global, with China leading its production and the United States right behind it.", "Conservation and restoration of paintings __knowledge__ The conservation and restoration of paintings is carried out by professional painting conservators.", "Conservation and restoration of paintings __knowledge__ Paintings cover a wide range of various mediums, materials, and their supports (i.e.- The painted surface made from fabric, paper, wood panel, fabricated board, or other).", "Conservation and restoration of paintings __knowledge__ Painting types include fine art to decorative and functional objects spanning from acrylics, frescoes, and oil paint on various surfaces, egg tempera on panels and canvas, lacquer painting, water color and more.", "Conservation and restoration of paintings __knowledge__ Knowing the materials of any given painting and its support allows for the proper restoration and conservation practices.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Paul Fontaine (1913–1996) was an American painter.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Abstract-colorist painter Paul Emile Fontaine was born in 1913 in Worcester, Massachusetts to Elzear and Mary Fontaine, both of French Canadian descent.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Fontaine had two brothers, Russell and Leo Fontaine, both younger.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Paul Fontaine was early on encouraged to be a painter, deciding to pursue this artistic path as a teenager.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ He was enrolled at the Worcester Art Museum School following completion of high school, and remained there from 1932 to 1935.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Fontaine graduated in 1935, and followed his studies with a six-month term in the Civilian Conservation Corps.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Pulp is a lignocellulosic fibrous material prepared by chemically or mechanically separating cellulose fibres from wood, fiber crops, waste paper, or rags.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Many kinds of paper are made from wood with nothing else mixed into them.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ This includes newspaper, magazines and even toilet paper.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Pulp is one of the most abundant raw materials worldwide.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Pulp for papermaking was produced by macerating mulberry bark as early as the 2nd century in Han dynasty China, where the invention of paper is traditionally attributed to Cai Lun.", "Pulp (paper) __knowledge__ Lu Ji, in his 3rd century commentary on the \"Classic of Poetry\", mentions that people residing south of the Yangtze River would traditionally pound mulberry bark to make paper or clothing.", "Plasterwork __knowledge__ Plasterwork refers to construction or ornamentation done with plaster, such as a layer of plaster on an interior or exterior wall structure, or plaster decorative moldings on ceilings or walls.", "Plasterwork __knowledge__ This is also sometimes called pargeting.", "Plasterwork __knowledge__ The process of creating plasterwork, called plastering or rendering, has been used in building construction for centuries.", "Plasterwork __knowledge__ For the art history of three-dimensional plaster, see stucco.", "Plasterwork __knowledge__ The earliest plasters known to us were lime-based.", "Plasterwork __knowledge__ Around 7500 BC, the people of 'Ain Ghazal in Jordan used lime mixed with unheated crushed limestone to make plaster which was used on a large scale for covering walls, floors, and hearths in their houses.", "History of paper __knowledge__ Paper is a white material primarily used for writing, first invented in ancient China.", "History of paper __knowledge__ Although contemporary precursors such as papyrus and amate existed in the Mediterranean world and pre-Columbian Americas, respectively, these materials are not defined as true paper.", "History of paper __knowledge__ The first papermaking process was documented in China during the Eastern Han period (25-220 C.E.", "History of paper __knowledge__ ), traditionally attributed to the court official Cai Lun.", "History of paper __knowledge__ During the 8th century, Chinese papermaking spread to the Islamic world, where pulp mills and paper mills were used for money making.", "History of paper __knowledge__ By the 11th century, papermaking was brought to medieval Europe, where it was refined with the earliest known paper mills utilizing waterwheels." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolor (American English) or watercolour (British English; see spelling differences), also aquarelle (French, diminutive of Latin \"aqua\" \"water\"), is a painting method in which the paints are made of pigments suspended in a water-based solution.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ \"Watercolor\" refers to both the medium and the resulting artwork.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Aquarelles painted with water-soluble colored ink instead of modern water colors are called “aquarellum atramento” (Latin for “aquarelle made with ink”) by experts.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ However, this term has been more and more passing out of use.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ The traditional and most common \"support\"—material to which the paint is applied—for watercolor paintings is paper.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Other supports include papyrus, bark papers, plastics, vellum, leather, fabric, wood and canvas.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolor paper is often made entirely or partially with cotton, which gives a good texture and minimizes distortion when wet.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolors are usually translucent, and appear luminous because the pigments are laid down in a pure form with few fillers obscuring the pigment colors.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolors can also be made opaque by adding Chinese white.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ In East Asia, watercolor painting with inks is referred to as brush painting or scroll painting.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ In Chinese, Korean and Japanese painting it has been the dominant medium, often in monochrome black or browns.", "John Singer Sargent __knowledge__ John Singer Sargent (; January 12, 1856 – April 14, 1925) was an American artist, considered the \"leading portrait painter of his generation\" for his evocations of Edwardian era luxury.", "John Singer Sargent __knowledge__ During his career, he created roughly 900 oil paintings and more than 2,000 watercolors, as well as countless sketches and charcoal drawings.", "John Singer Sargent __knowledge__ His \"oeuvre\" documents worldwide travel, from Venice to the Tyrol, Corfu, the Middle East, Montana, Maine, and Florida.", "John Singer Sargent __knowledge__ His parents were American, but he was trained in Paris prior to moving to London.", "John Singer Sargent __knowledge__ Sargent enjoyed international acclaim as a portrait painter, although not without controversy and some critical reservation; an early submission to the Paris Salon, his \"Portrait of Madame X\", was intended to consolidate his position as a society painter, but it resulted in scandal instead.", "Edward Hopper __knowledge__ Edward Hopper (July 22, 1882 – May 15, 1967) was a prominent American realist painter and printmaker.", "Edward Hopper __knowledge__ While he was most popularly known for his oil paintings, he was equally proficient as a watercolorist and printmaker in etching.", "Edward Hopper __knowledge__ Both in his urban and rural scenes, his spare and finely calculated renderings reflected his personal vision of modern American life.", "Edward Hopper __knowledge__ Hopper was born in 1882 in Upper Nyack, New York, a yacht-building center on the Hudson River north of New York City.", "Edward Hopper __knowledge__ He was one of two children of a comfortably well-to-do family.", "Edward Hopper __knowledge__ His parents, of mostly Dutch ancestry, were Elizabeth Griffiths Smith and Garret Henry Hopper, a dry-goods merchant.", "Winslow Homer __knowledge__ Winslow Homer (February 24, 1836 – September 29, 1910) was an American landscape painter and printmaker, best known for his marine subjects.", "Winslow Homer __knowledge__ He is considered one of the foremost painters in 19th-century America and a preeminent figure in American art.", "Winslow Homer __knowledge__ Largely self-taught, Homer began his career working as a commercial illustrator.", "Winslow Homer __knowledge__ He subsequently took up oil painting and produced major studio works characterized by the weight and density he exploited from the medium.", "Winslow Homer __knowledge__ He also worked extensively in watercolor, creating a fluid and prolific oeuvre, primarily chronicling his working vacations.", "Winslow Homer __knowledge__ Born in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1836, Homer was the second of three sons of Charles Savage Homer and Henrietta Benson Homer, both from long lines of New Englanders.", "Childe Hassam __knowledge__ Frederick Childe Hassam (October 17, 1859 – August 27, 1935) was an American Impressionist painter, noted for his urban and coastal scenes.", "Childe Hassam __knowledge__ Along with Mary Cassatt and John Henry Twachtman, Hassam was instrumental in promulgating Impressionism to American collectors, dealers, and museums.", "Childe Hassam __knowledge__ He produced over 3,000 paintings, oils, watercolors, etchings, and lithographs over the course of his career, and was an influential American artist of the early 20th century.", "Childe Hassam __knowledge__ Hassam (pronounced HASS'm;) (known to all as \"Childe\", pronounced like \"child\"; named after an uncle) was born in his family home on Olney Street (Meeting House Hill) in Dorchester, Boston, in 1859.", "Women Artists of Bangladesh __knowledge__ The wife or daughter of the Bengali kumar or potter creates all products which do not involve the use of the wheel.", "Women Artists of Bangladesh __knowledge__ They also paint all the products that are painted in the potter's family workshop, the ghata, sara or pot cover, dolls etc.", "Women Artists of Bangladesh __knowledge__ In the weavers household the women do almost all else except work on the loom.", "Women Artists of Bangladesh __knowledge__ However, women have never been part of the artisan tradition of the country.", "Women Artists of Bangladesh __knowledge__ They have never been part of a guild.", "Women Artists of Bangladesh __knowledge__ There were never any female swarnakar(goldsmith), sutradhar(carpenter) or takshak(carver).", "Women Artists of Bangladesh __knowledge__ The economic structure of producer and consumer relationship that is current in the country has always been male-centristic.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Paul Fontaine (1913–1996) was an American painter.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Abstract-colorist painter Paul Emile Fontaine was born in 1913 in Worcester, Massachusetts to Elzear and Mary Fontaine, both of French Canadian descent.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Fontaine had two brothers, Russell and Leo Fontaine, both younger.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Paul Fontaine was early on encouraged to be a painter, deciding to pursue this artistic path as a teenager.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ He was enrolled at the Worcester Art Museum School following completion of high school, and remained there from 1932 to 1935.", "Paul Fontaine __knowledge__ Fontaine graduated in 1935, and followed his studies with a six-month term in the Civilian Conservation Corps.", "Conservation and restoration of paintings __knowledge__ The conservation and restoration of paintings is carried out by professional painting conservators.", "Conservation and restoration of paintings __knowledge__ Paintings cover a wide range of various mediums, materials, and their supports (i.e.- The painted surface made from fabric, paper, wood panel, fabricated board, or other).", "Conservation and restoration of paintings __knowledge__ Painting types include fine art to decorative and functional objects spanning from acrylics, frescoes, and oil paint on various surfaces, egg tempera on panels and canvas, lacquer painting, water color and more.", "Conservation and restoration of paintings __knowledge__ Knowing the materials of any given painting and its support allows for the proper restoration and conservation practices.", "Moshe Gershuni __knowledge__ Moshe Gershuni (11 September 1936 – 22 January 2017) was an Israeli painter and sculptor.", "Moshe Gershuni __knowledge__ In his works, particularly in his paintings from the 1980s, he expressed a position different from the norm, commemorating The Holocaust in Israeli art.", "Moshe Gershuni __knowledge__ In addition, he created in his works a connection between bereavement and homoerotic sexuality, in the way he criticized society and Israeli Zionism-nationalism.", "Moshe Gershuni __knowledge__ He was awarded the Israel Prize for Painting for his work in 2003, but in the end it was revoked and he was deprived of receiving the prize.", "Moshe Gershuni __knowledge__ Moshe Gershuni was born in 1936 to Yona and Zvi Kutner, who had migrated to British Mandate Palestine from Poland.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Bones\".", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The article deals with the series' main, recurring, and minor characters.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The following characters have been featured in the opening credits of the program.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Temperance \"Bones\" Brennan (seasons 1–12) works as a forensic anthropologist at the Jeffersonian Institute in Washington, D.C. and is also a best–selling novelist.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ She is nicknamed \"Bones\" by FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Brennan and Booth work together on Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) cases concerning recently found human remains.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Although she is an expert in her field, Brennan is socially awkward and has limited knowledge about pop culture.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ Alfredo Guati Rojo Cárdenas (December 1, 1918 – June 10, 2003) was a 20th-century Mexican artist who worked to restore the reputation of watercolor painting as a true art form.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ His preference for the technique came from seeing Diego Rivera’s work and helping with a fresco mural in his hometown of Cuernavaca as a child.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ When he was 16, he went to Mexico City to study law, but switched to art.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ He learned the various classic art techniques but kept his preference for watercolor.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ His career began by teaching art, founding an art institute in the Colonia Roma section of Mexico City.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ In the 1950s, he tried to get the area's art galleries to show watercolors but they refused, considering it to be a minor art form.", "Scottsboro Boys __knowledge__ The Scottsboro Boys were nine African American teenagers, ages 13 to 19, accused in Alabama of raping two White American women on a train in 1931.", "Scottsboro Boys __knowledge__ The landmark set of legal cases from this incident dealt with racism and the right to a fair trial.", "Scottsboro Boys __knowledge__ The cases included a lynch mob before the suspects had been indicted, all-white juries, rushed trials, and disruptive mobs.", "Scottsboro Boys __knowledge__ It is commonly cited as an example of a miscarriage of justice in the United States legal system.", "Scottsboro Boys __knowledge__ On March 25, 1931, two dozen people were 'hoboing' on a freight train traveling between Chattanooga and Memphis, Tennessee, the hoboes being an equal mix of African-Americans and Caucasians." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolor (American English) or watercolour (British English; see spelling differences), also aquarelle (French, diminutive of Latin \"aqua\" \"water\"), is a painting method in which the paints are made of pigments suspended in a water-based solution.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ \"Watercolor\" refers to both the medium and the resulting artwork.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Aquarelles painted with water-soluble colored ink instead of modern water colors are called “aquarellum atramento” (Latin for “aquarelle made with ink”) by experts.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ However, this term has been more and more passing out of use.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ The traditional and most common \"support\"—material to which the paint is applied—for watercolor paintings is paper.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Other supports include papyrus, bark papers, plastics, vellum, leather, fabric, wood and canvas.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolor paper is often made entirely or partially with cotton, which gives a good texture and minimizes distortion when wet.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolors are usually translucent, and appear luminous because the pigments are laid down in a pure form with few fillers obscuring the pigment colors.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ Watercolors can also be made opaque by adding Chinese white.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ In East Asia, watercolor painting with inks is referred to as brush painting or scroll painting.", "Watercolor painting __knowledge__ In Chinese, Korean and Japanese painting it has been the dominant medium, often in monochrome black or browns.", "Pieter Bruegel the Elder __knowledge__ Pieter Bruegel (also Brueghel) the Elder (; c. 1525-1530 – 9 September 1569) was the most significant artist of Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting, a painter and printmaker from Brabant, known for his landscapes and peasant scenes (so called genre painting); he was a pioneer in making both types of subject the focus in large paintings.", "Pieter Bruegel the Elder __knowledge__ He was a formative influence on Dutch Golden Age painting and later painting in general in his innovative choices of subject matter, as one of the first generation of artists to grow up when religious subjects had ceased to be the natural subject matter of painting.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos (, \"Zákynthos\" , ) or Zante (, \"Tzánte\" , ; from Venetian), is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It is the third largest of the Ionian Islands.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a separate regional unit of the Ionian Islands region, and its only municipality.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It covers an area of and its coastline is roughly in length.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ The name, like all similar names ending in -nthos, is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ In Greek mythology the island was said to be named after Zakynthos, the son of a legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a tourist destination, with an international airport served by charter flights from northern Europe.", "Chinese art __knowledge__ Chinese art is visual art that, whether ancient or modern, originated in or is practiced in China or by Chinese artists.", "Chinese art __knowledge__ The Chinese art in the Republic of China (Taiwan) and that of overseas Chinese can also be considered part of Chinese art where it is based in or draws on Chinese heritage and Chinese culture.", "Chinese art __knowledge__ Early \"stone age art\" dates back to 10,000 BC, mostly consisting of simple pottery and sculptures.", "Chinese art __knowledge__ After this early period Chinese art, like Chinese history, is typically classified by the succession of ruling dynasties of Chinese emperors, most of which lasted several hundred years.", "Chinese art __knowledge__ Chinese art has arguably the oldest continuous tradition in the world, and is marked by an unusual degree of continuity within, and consciousness of, that tradition, lacking an equivalent to the Western collapse and gradual recovery of classical styles.", "Edvard Munch __knowledge__ Edvard Munch (; ; 12 December 1863 – 23 January 1944) was a Norwegian painter and printmaker whose intensely evocative treatment of psychological themes built upon some of the main tenets of late 19th-century Symbolism and greatly influenced German Expressionism in the early 20th century.", "Edvard Munch __knowledge__ His best known work is \"The Scream\", painted in 1893.", "Edvard Munch __knowledge__ Edvard Munch was born in a farmhouse in the village of Ådalsbruk in Løten, United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, to Laura Catherine Bjølstad and Christian Munch, the son of a priest.", "Edvard Munch __knowledge__ Christian was a doctor and medical officer who married Laura, a woman half his age, in 1861.", "Skagen Painters __knowledge__ The Skagen Painters () were a group of Scandinavian artists who gathered in the village of Skagen, the northernmost part of Denmark, from the late 1870s until the turn of the century.", "Skagen Painters __knowledge__ Skagen was a summer destination whose scenery and quality of light attracted northern artists to paint \"en plein air\", emulating the French Impressionists—though members of the Skagen colony were also influenced by Realist movements such as the Barbizon school.", "Skagen Painters __knowledge__ They broke away from the rather rigid traditions of the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts and the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts, espousing the latest trends that they had learned in Paris.", "White __knowledge__ White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue), because it fully reflects and scatters all the visible wavelengths of light.", "White __knowledge__ It is the color of fresh snow, chalk and milk, and is the opposite of black.", "White __knowledge__ In ancient Egypt and ancient Rome, priestesses wore white as a symbol of purity, and Romans wore a white toga as a symbol of citizenship.", "White __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages and Renaissance a white unicorn symbolized chastity, and a white lamb sacrifice and purity.", "White __knowledge__ It was the royal color of the Kings of France, and of the monarchist movement that opposed the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War (1917–1922).", "Lawrence Alma-Tadema __knowledge__ Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, (; born Lourens Alma Tadema ; 8 January 1836 – 25 June 1912) was a Dutch painter of special British denizenship.", "Lawrence Alma-Tadema __knowledge__ Born in Dronrijp, the Netherlands, and trained at the Royal Academy of Antwerp, Belgium, he settled in England in 1870 and spent the rest of his life there.", "Lawrence Alma-Tadema __knowledge__ A classical-subject painter, he became famous for his depictions of the luxury and decadence of the Roman Empire, with languorous figures set in fabulous marbled interiors or against a backdrop of dazzling blue Mediterranean Sea and sky.", "Lawrence Alma-Tadema __knowledge__ Though admired during his lifetime for his draftsmanship and depictions of Classical antiquity, his work fell into disrepute after his death, and only since the 1960s has it been re-evaluated for its importance within nineteenth-century English art.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ Alfredo Guati Rojo Cárdenas (December 1, 1918 – June 10, 2003) was a 20th-century Mexican artist who worked to restore the reputation of watercolor painting as a true art form.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ His preference for the technique came from seeing Diego Rivera’s work and helping with a fresco mural in his hometown of Cuernavaca as a child.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ When he was 16, he went to Mexico City to study law, but switched to art.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ He learned the various classic art techniques but kept his preference for watercolor.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ His career began by teaching art, founding an art institute in the Colonia Roma section of Mexico City.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo __knowledge__ In the 1950s, he tried to get the area's art galleries to show watercolors but they refused, considering it to be a minor art form.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo National Watercolor Museum __knowledge__ The Alfredo Guati Rojo National Watercolor Museum (Museo Nacional de Acuarela Alfredo Guati Rojo) was the first museum in the world dedicated specifically to watercolor painting.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo National Watercolor Museum __knowledge__ It is located in the Coyoacán borough of Mexico City, in a former private house which was donated to the museum by the city government.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo National Watercolor Museum __knowledge__ It was founded and run by artist Alfredo Guati Rojo from its beginnings in 1964 until his death in 2003.", "Alfredo Guati Rojo National Watercolor Museum __knowledge__ The museum is dedicated to the preservation and continuance of watercolor painting both in Mexico and abroad, with its permanent collection of 300 works donated by Guati Rojo and his wife, classes in watercolor and drawing, its annual Premio Nacional de Acuarela (National Watercolor Prize) and various temporary exhibits both at the museum and abroad.", "Alfred Freddy Krupa __knowledge__ Alfred Freddy Krupa (Krūppa) GCCR FRSA (14 June 1971, Karlovac, Yugoslavia) is a Croatian contemporary painter, master draughtsman, book artist, art photographer and art teacher.", "Alfred Freddy Krupa __knowledge__ Alfred Freddy Krupa comes from a multiethnic Silesian family of long tradition in visual arts.", "Alfred Freddy Krupa __knowledge__ His family appears in archives of the International Tracing Service as the registered victims of Nazi persecution.", "Alfred Freddy Krupa __knowledge__ His grandfather and first mentor Alfred Krupa Sr.(Alfred Joseph Kruppa, Mikolow,Poland 1915 - Karlovac, Croatia/Yugoslavia 1989, related to the Oppenheim family ) former pupil of Józef Mehoffer was one of the 13 core artists of the Art of Croatian Antifascist Movement (he exhibited at the historic first Partisan exhibition held in Topusko in 1944 on the free territory of Yugoslavia) and founder of the Watercolor Biennal of Yugoslavia (BAJ,1979).", "Coyoacán __knowledge__ Coyoacán () refers to one of the 16 boroughs (\"delegaciones\") of Mexico City as well as the former village which is now the borough’s “historic center.” The name comes from Nahuatl and most likely means “place of coyotes,” when the Aztecs named a pre-Hispanic village on the southern shore of Lake Texcoco which was dominated by the Tepanec people.", "Coyoacán __knowledge__ Against Aztec domination, these people welcomed Hernán Cortés and the Spanish, who used the area as a headquarters during the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire and made it the first capital of New Spain between 1521 and 1523.", "Coyoacán __knowledge__ The village, later municipality, of Coyoacan remained completely independent of Mexico City through the colonial period into the 19th century.", "Puebla __knowledge__ Puebla (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Puebla () is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico.", "Puebla __knowledge__ It is divided in 217 municipalities and its capital city is Puebla.", "Puebla __knowledge__ It is located in East-Central Mexico.", "Puebla __knowledge__ It is bordered by the states of Veracruz to the north and east, Hidalgo, México, Tlaxcala and Morelos to the west, and Guerrero and Oaxaca to the south.", "Puebla __knowledge__ The origins of the state lie in the city of Puebla, which was founded by the Spanish in this valley in 1531 to secure the trade route between Mexico City and the port of Veracruz.", "Lourdes Alaniz __knowledge__ Lourdes Alaniz is a Mexican painter and graphic artist whose work has been recognized with exhibition in Mexico’s Salón de la Plástica Mexicana.", "Lourdes Alaniz __knowledge__ Alaniz began her formal art studies at the Academy of San Carlos in 1952, studying drawing under Benjamín Coria.", "Lourdes Alaniz __knowledge__ Later, she studied painting at the Instituto de Arte de México under Sebastián Coviza and watercolors with Alfredo Guati Rojo.", "Lourdes Alaniz __knowledge__ She continued studying at workshops with Gustavo Alaniz and Hermenegildo Sosa.", "Lourdes Alaniz __knowledge__ In the 1990s, she studied various forms of etching and printing in various workshops and at the Escuela Nacional de Artes Plásticas.", "Lourdes Alaniz __knowledge__ She has regularly exhibited her work in Mexico, the United States and Europe (Poland, Belgium, Italy, Lithuania and England).", "Adolfo Mexiac __knowledge__ Adolfo Mexiac (born August 7, 1927) is a Mexican graphic artist who is known principally for is politically and socially themed work, especially with the Taller de Gráfica Popular and with fellow graphic artist Leopoldo Méndez.", "Adolfo Mexiac __knowledge__ He also painted several murals, the most important of which deals with the history of human law at the University of Colima.", "Adolfo Mexiac __knowledge__ In 2011, a “national homage” was held for the artist at the Museo de la Estampa in Mexico City.", "Adolfo Mexiac __knowledge__ Adolfo Mexiac was born on August 7, 1927, in Cuto de la Esperanza, Michoacán.", "Adolfo Mexiac __knowledge__ He began to study painting at the Escuela Popular de Bellas Artes in Morelia." ] ]

[ 7, 0, 0, 49 ]

[ "When I paint with watercolors I like to make sure I have a nice paper made with cotton so the colors don't run.", "Yes, it is very important. Have you ever tried to paint with watercolors and had the paint just sit on top of the paper and run? You don't want that to happen.", "Anyone can do it, but some of the greats, such as Alfredo Guati Rojo, really made it an art form. ", "Probably not, but you can see many of his paintings at the museum dedicated to his work in the Coyoacan borough in Mexico City." ]

[ "Watercolor painting", "Watercolor painting", "Watercolor painting", "Watercolor painting" ]

[ "Honda", "Yeah I have a Civic actually, it's a really reliable car, I love it.", "I didn't know that, I wonder how long the Honda brand itself has been around, do you know?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, as well as the world's largest manufacturer of internal combustion engines measured by volume, producing more than 14 million internal combustion engines each year.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda became the second-largest Japanese automobile manufacturer in 2001.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the eighth largest automobile manufacturer in the world behind Toyota, Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group, General Motors, Ford, Nissan, and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2015.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the first Japanese automobile manufacturer to release a dedicated luxury brand, Acura, in 1986.", "Honda __knowledge__ Aside from their core automobile and motorcycle businesses, Honda also manufactures garden equipment, marine engines, personal watercraft and power generators, and other products.", "Honda __knowledge__ Since 1986, Honda has been involved with artificial intelligence/robotics research and released their ASIMO robot in 2000.", "Honda __knowledge__ They have also ventured into aerospace with the establishment of GE Honda Aero Engines in 2004 and the Honda HA-420 HondaJet, which began production in 2012.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has three joint-ventures in China (Honda China, Dongfeng Honda, and Guangqi Honda).", "Honda __knowledge__ In 2013, Honda invested about 5.7% (US$6.8 billion) of its revenues in research and development." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, as well as the world's largest manufacturer of internal combustion engines measured by volume, producing more than 14 million internal combustion engines each year.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda became the second-largest Japanese automobile manufacturer in 2001.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the eighth largest automobile manufacturer in the world behind Toyota, Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group, General Motors, Ford, Nissan, and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2015.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the first Japanese automobile manufacturer to release a dedicated luxury brand, Acura, in 1986.", "Honda __knowledge__ Aside from their core automobile and motorcycle businesses, Honda also manufactures garden equipment, marine engines, personal watercraft and power generators, and other products.", "Honda __knowledge__ Since 1986, Honda has been involved with artificial intelligence/robotics research and released their ASIMO robot in 2000.", "Honda __knowledge__ They have also ventured into aerospace with the establishment of GE Honda Aero Engines in 2004 and the Honda HA-420 HondaJet, which began production in 2012.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has three joint-ventures in China (Honda China, Dongfeng Honda, and Guangqi Honda).", "Honda __knowledge__ In 2013, Honda invested about 5.7% (US$6.8 billion) of its revenues in research and development.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Top Gear: Bolivia Special __knowledge__ Top Gear: Bolivia Special is a special 76-minute episode of the motoring series \"Top Gear\", originally broadcast on BBC Two in the United Kingdom at 19:45 on 27 December 2009.", "Top Gear: Bolivia Special __knowledge__ This is episode 6 of series 14.", "Top Gear: Bolivia Special __knowledge__ It features the presenters James May, Jeremy Clarkson, and Richard Hammond travelling through South America from the rainforests of Bolivia to the Pacific coast of Chile.", "Top Gear: Bolivia Special __knowledge__ The presenters used second hand off-road vehicles, bought locally in Bolivia for less than £3,500 each.", "Top Gear: Bolivia Special __knowledge__ Unlike previous Top Gear Specials, a backup vehicle was not featured (usually one which is disliked by the presenters).", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "2017 U-12 Baseball World Cup __knowledge__ The 2017 U-12 Baseball World Cup is an under 12 international baseball tournament held from July 28 to August 6 in Tainan, Taiwan.", "2017 U-12 Baseball World Cup __knowledge__ It is the fourth edition of the tournament.", "2017 U-12 Baseball World Cup __knowledge__ First Round: The 12 participating teams were drawn into two groups of 6 for round robin.", "2017 U-12 Baseball World Cup __knowledge__ The top 3 teams from each pool advance to the Super Round while the bottom 3 teams play in the Consolation Round.", "2017 U-12 Baseball World Cup __knowledge__ Consolation Round: The bottom 3 teams from each pool play each of the other bottom 3 teams from the other pool (ex.", "2017 U-12 Baseball World Cup __knowledge__ The 4th place team from Group A plays the 4th, 5th, and 6th place teams from Pool B).", "2017 U-12 Baseball World Cup __knowledge__ The results of the previous round robin carry over for teams originally in the same pool (ex.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Peter Ellis (childcare worker) __knowledge__ Peter Hugh McGregor Ellis (born 30 March 1958) is a former Christchurch child care worker who was at the centre of one of New Zealand's most enduring judicial controversies.", "Peter Ellis (childcare worker) __knowledge__ In June 1993 Ellis was found guilty in the High Court on 16 counts of sexual offences involving children in his care at the Christchurch Civic Creche and sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment.", "Peter Ellis (childcare worker) __knowledge__ His conviction was strongly criticised, with concerns centering on how the children's testimony was obtained and presented to the jury.", "Peter Ellis (childcare worker) __knowledge__ Ellis maintained his innocence and many New Zealanders supported his calls to overturn the conviction.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ This article provides an overview of the automotive industry in countries around the world.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ In 2009, China became the world's largest vehicle producer.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Algeria's automotive industry is among the largest on the African continent (together with South Africa, Egypt and Morocco) and can exceed 500,000 units a year.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Renault is the largest manufacturer with an estimated 25.5 percent of the national car market.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Other carmakers represented there include Volkswagen (second largest), Peugeot, Hyundai (fifth largest), Nissan, and Fiat.", "Honda advanced technology __knowledge__ Honda Advanced Technology is part of Honda's long-standing research and development program focused on building new models for their automotive products and automotive-related technologies, with many of the advances pertaining to engine technology.", "Honda advanced technology __knowledge__ Honda's commitment to pursuit of ideas and exploration of technological challenges has led to practical solutions ranging from fuel-efficient vehicles and engines, to more sophisticated applications such as the humanoid robot, ASIMO, and the Honda HA-420 HondaJet, a six-passenger business jet.", "Honda advanced technology __knowledge__ Honda Advanced Technology emphasizes environmental sustainability, safety and advanced mobility.", "Honda City __knowledge__ The Honda City is a compact car which has been produced by the Japanese manufacturer Honda since 1981.", "Honda City __knowledge__ Originally made for the Japanese, European and Australasian markets, the subcompact City 3-door hatchback was retired in 1994 after the second generation.", "Honda City __knowledge__ The nameplate was revived in 1996 for use on a series of compact four-door sedans aimed primarily at developing markets, first mainly sold in Asia outside Japan but later also in Latin America and Australia.", "Honda City __knowledge__ From 2002 to 2008, the City was also sold as the Honda Fit Aria in Japan.", "Honda City __knowledge__ Since then, it has been a compact sedan built on Honda's Global Small Car platform, which is shared with the Fit/Jazz (a five-door hatchback), the Airwave/Partner (a wagon/panel van version of the Fit Aria/City), the Mobilio, and the Mobilio Spike—all of which share the location of the fuel tank under the front seats rather than rear seats.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ The Honda Fit, also marketed as the Honda Jazz, is a five-door, front-engine, front-wheel drive B-segment subcompact car manufactured and marketed by Honda since 2001 and now in its third generation.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Marketed worldwide and manufactured at ten plants in eight countries, sales reached almost 5 million by mid-2013.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Sharing Honda's global small-car platform with the City, Airwave, Mobilio, Mobilio Spike, Freed and Freed Spike, the Fit is noted for its one-box or monospace with an interior design concept that achieves a re-configurable cargo volume competitive with larger vehicles.", "Honda Fit __knowledge__ Honda released hybrid petrol-electric versions of the Fit in Japan in October 2010 and in Europe in early 2011.", "Honda NSX (first generation) __knowledge__ The first generation Honda NSX, marketed in North America and Hong Kong as the Acura NSX, is a 2-seater, mid-engined sports car that was manufactured by Honda in Japan from 1990 to 2005.", "Honda NSX (first generation) __knowledge__ In 1984, Honda commissioned the Italian car designer Pininfarina to design the concept car HP-X (Honda Pininfarina eXperimental), which had a mid-mounted C20A 2.0 L V6 configuration.", "Honda NSX (first generation) __knowledge__ After Honda committed to a supercar project, management informed the engineers that the new car would have to be as fast as anything coming from Italy and Germany.", "Honda NSX (first generation) __knowledge__ The HP-X concept car evolved into a prototype known as NS-X, which stood for \"New\", \"Sportscar\" \"eXperimental\".", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a type of hybrid vehicle that combines a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) system with an electric propulsion system (hybrid vehicle drivetrain).", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The presence of the electric powertrain is intended to achieve either better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle or better performance.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ There is a variety of HEV types, and the degree to which each functions as an electric vehicle (EV) also varies.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ The most common form of HEV is the hybrid electric car, although hybrid electric trucks (pickups and tractors) and buses also exist.", "Hybrid electric vehicle __knowledge__ Modern HEVs make use of efficiency-improving technologies such as regenerative brakes which convert the vehicle's kinetic energy to electric energy to charge the battery." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, as well as the world's largest manufacturer of internal combustion engines measured by volume, producing more than 14 million internal combustion engines each year.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda became the second-largest Japanese automobile manufacturer in 2001.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the eighth largest automobile manufacturer in the world behind Toyota, Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group, General Motors, Ford, Nissan, and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2015.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the first Japanese automobile manufacturer to release a dedicated luxury brand, Acura, in 1986.", "Honda __knowledge__ Aside from their core automobile and motorcycle businesses, Honda also manufactures garden equipment, marine engines, personal watercraft and power generators, and other products.", "Honda __knowledge__ Since 1986, Honda has been involved with artificial intelligence/robotics research and released their ASIMO robot in 2000.", "Honda __knowledge__ They have also ventured into aerospace with the establishment of GE Honda Aero Engines in 2004 and the Honda HA-420 HondaJet, which began production in 2012.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has three joint-ventures in China (Honda China, Dongfeng Honda, and Guangqi Honda).", "Honda __knowledge__ In 2013, Honda invested about 5.7% (US$6.8 billion) of its revenues in research and development.", "Honda Super Cub __knowledge__ The Honda Super Cub is a Honda underbone motorcycle with a four stroke single cylinder engine ranging in displacement from .", "Honda Super Cub __knowledge__ In continuous manufacture since 1958 with production surpassing 60 million in 2008, 87 million in 2014, and 100 million in 2017, the Super Cub is the most produced motor vehicle in history.", "Honda Super Cub __knowledge__ Variants include the C100, C50, C70, C90, C100EX and C70 Passport.", "Honda Super Cub __knowledge__ The Super Cub's US advertising campaign, You meet the nicest people on a Honda, had a lasting impact on Honda's image and on American attitudes to motorcycling, and is often used as a marketing case study.", "Honda Super Cub __knowledge__ The idea for a new \"\" motorcycle was conceived in 1956, when Honda Motor's Soichiro Honda and Takeo Fujisawa toured Germany and witnessed the popularity of mopeds and lightweight motorcycles.", "Our Lady of Sorrows __knowledge__ Our Lady of Sorrows (), Our Lady of Dolours, the Sorrowful Mother or Mother of Sorrows (Latin: \"Mater Dolorosa\"), and Our Lady of Piety, Our Lady of the Seven Sorrows or Our Lady of the Seven Dolours are names by which the Virgin Mary is referred to in relation to sorrows in her life.", "Our Lady of Sorrows __knowledge__ As \"Mater Dolorosa\", it is also a key subject for Marian art in the Catholic Church.", "Our Lady of Sorrows __knowledge__ The Seven Sorrows of Mary are a popular Roman Catholic devotion.", "Our Lady of Sorrows __knowledge__ In common religious Catholic imagery, the Virgin Mary is portrayed in a sorrowful and lacrimating affect, with seven long knives or daggers piercing her heart, often bleeding.", "Rosary of the Seven Sorrows __knowledge__ The Rosary of the Seven Sorrows, also known as the \"Chaplet of Seven Sorrows\" or the Servite Rosary, is a Rosary based prayer that originated with the Servite Order.", "Rosary of the Seven Sorrows __knowledge__ It is often said in connection with the Seven Sorrows of Mary.", "Rosary of the Seven Sorrows __knowledge__ It is a rosary consisting of a ring of seven groups of seven beads separated by a small medal depicting one of the sorrows of Mary, or a single bead.", "Rosary of the Seven Sorrows __knowledge__ A further series of three beads and a medal are also attached to the chain (before the first \"sorrow\") and these are dedicated to prayer in honour of Mary's Tears, as well as to indicate the beginning of the chaplet.", "Rosary of the Seven Sorrows __knowledge__ Conventionally the beads are of black wood or some other black material indicating sorrow.", "Brijmohan Lall Munjal __knowledge__ Dr. Brijmohan Lall Munjal (Punjabi:ਬ੍ਰਿਜਮੋਹਨ ਲਾਲ ਮੁੰਜਾਲ; 1 July 1923 – 1 November 2015) was an Indian businessman, founder and patriarch of India's largest two wheeler company the Hero MotoCorp.", "Brijmohan Lall Munjal __knowledge__ Munjal was born in 1923 at Kamalia, district Toba Tek Singh in unpartitioned Punjab, British India.", "Brijmohan Lall Munjal __knowledge__ Kamalia is now in Pakistan.", "Brijmohan Lall Munjal __knowledge__ He was from a simple middle-class Arora/Khatri family.", "Brijmohan Lall Munjal __knowledge__ After completing his formal education, he worked at the Army Ordnance Factory, before moving his base to India after partition.", "Brijmohan Lall Munjal __knowledge__ In 1954, Hero Cycles moved up the value chain by making a shift from supplying to manufacturing handlebars, front forks and chains.", "Honda City __knowledge__ The Honda City is a compact car which has been produced by the Japanese manufacturer Honda since 1981.", "Honda City __knowledge__ Originally made for the Japanese, European and Australasian markets, the subcompact City 3-door hatchback was retired in 1994 after the second generation.", "Honda City __knowledge__ The nameplate was revived in 1996 for use on a series of compact four-door sedans aimed primarily at developing markets, first mainly sold in Asia outside Japan but later also in Latin America and Australia.", "Honda City __knowledge__ From 2002 to 2008, the City was also sold as the Honda Fit Aria in Japan.", "Honda City __knowledge__ Since then, it has been a compact sedan built on Honda's Global Small Car platform, which is shared with the Fit/Jazz (a five-door hatchback), the Airwave/Partner (a wagon/panel van version of the Fit Aria/City), the Mobilio, and the Mobilio Spike—all of which share the location of the fuel tank under the front seats rather than rear seats.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Honda Accord is a series of automobiles manufactured by Honda since 1976, best known for its four-door sedan variant, which has been one of the best-selling cars in the United States since 1989.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Accord nameplate has been applied to a variety of vehicles worldwide, including coupes, wagons, hatchbacks and a crossover.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ Since initiation, Honda has offered several different car body styles and versions of the Accord, and often vehicles marketed under the Accord nameplate concurrently in different regions differ quite substantially.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ It debuted in 1976 as a compact hatchback, though this style only lasted through 1989, as the line-up was expanded to include a sedan, coupé, and wagon.", "Acura __knowledge__ Acura is the luxury vehicle marque of Japanese automaker Honda.", "Acura __knowledge__ The brand was launched in the United States and Canada in March 1986, marketing luxury, performance, and high-performance vehicles.", "Acura __knowledge__ It was introduced to Hong Kong in 1991, Mexico in 2004, China in 2006, Russia in 2014 and Kuwait in 2015, and is also sold in Ukraine.", "Acura __knowledge__ Honda's plan to introduce Acura to the Japanese domestic market (JDM) in 2008 was delayed, due to economic reasons, and later withheld as a result of the 2008 financial crisis.", "Acura __knowledge__ Acura holds the distinction of being the first Japanese automotive luxury brand.", "Acura __knowledge__ The creation of Acura coincided with the introduction of a JDM Honda dealership sales channel, called Honda Clio, which sold luxury vehicles, joining previously established Honda Verno, followed by Honda Primo the following year.", "American Honda Motor Company __knowledge__ The American Honda Motor Company, Inc. (sometimes abbreviated as AHM) is a North American subsidiary of the Honda Motor Company, Ltd.", "American Honda Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded in 1959.", "American Honda Motor Company __knowledge__ The company combines product sales, service and coordinating functions of Honda in North America, and is responsible for distribution, marketing and sales of Honda and Acura brand automobiles, Honda power sports products, including motorcycles, scooters and all-terrain vehicles, and Honda power equipment products, including lawnmowers, tillers, string trimmers, generators, small displacement general-purpose engines and marine outboard engines.", "Honda NSX (first generation) __knowledge__ The first generation Honda NSX, marketed in North America and Hong Kong as the Acura NSX, is a 2-seater, mid-engined sports car that was manufactured by Honda in Japan from 1990 to 2005.", "Honda NSX (first generation) __knowledge__ In 1984, Honda commissioned the Italian car designer Pininfarina to design the concept car HP-X (Honda Pininfarina eXperimental), which had a mid-mounted C20A 2.0 L V6 configuration.", "Honda NSX (first generation) __knowledge__ After Honda committed to a supercar project, management informed the engineers that the new car would have to be as fast as anything coming from Italy and Germany.", "Honda NSX (first generation) __knowledge__ The HP-X concept car evolved into a prototype known as NS-X, which stood for \"New\", \"Sportscar\" \"eXperimental\".", "Acura Legend __knowledge__ The Acura Legend is a luxury car manufactured by Honda.", "Acura Legend __knowledge__ It was sold in the U.S., Canada, and parts of China under Honda's luxury brand, Acura, from 1985 to 1995, as both a sedan, which was classified as a full-size car, and a coupe, which was classified as a mid-size car.", "Acura Legend __knowledge__ It was the first flagship sedan sold under the Acura nameplate, until being renamed in 1996 as the Acura 3.5RL.", "Acura Legend __knowledge__ The 3.5RL was the North American version of the KA9 series Honda Legend.", "Acura Legend __knowledge__ The opportunity for Japanese manufacturers to export more expensive models had arisen with the 1980s voluntary export restraints, negotiated by the Japanese government and U.S. trade representatives, restricting mainstream car sales.", "Honda Legend __knowledge__ The Honda Legend is a V6-engined full-size car produced by the Japanese automaker Honda since 1985 that currently serves as its flagship vehicle and provides the basis for the Acura Legend, RL and RLX the flagship vehicle of Honda's luxury Acura division in North America.", "Honda Legend __knowledge__ The first-generation Legend, introduced to Japan October 22, 1985, was the first production Honda vehicle to offer only a SOHC V6 engine worldwide.", "Honda Legend __knowledge__ The introduction of the Legend also coincided with the launch of a new dealership sales channel in Japan, called \"Honda Clio\".", "Honda Legend __knowledge__ The Legend was the result of a joint venture with Britain's Austin Rover Group called Project XX that started in November 1981 with the Austin Rover-Honda XX letter of intent signed by the two companies to replace the Rover SD1 and to provide a luxury vehicle for Honda, and was codenamed as HX." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 2 ]

[ "I drive a Honda car, do you? It produces more than 14 million engines a year!", "I love the Civic as well. Honda also was the first Japanese car maker to release a luxury brand, Acura, in 1986. ", "Sure thing - Honda was founded in September of 1948. It only recently became the second largest Japanese car maker in 2001 in the world!" ]

[ "Honda", "Honda", "Honda" ]

[ "Organic food\nI've been reading a lot about round up weedkiller and I am eating only organic as of late. ", "Independent studies are sure it can cause lots of diseases. . There is a standard for organic that is used to label true organic items.", "Currently the EU, US, Mexico, Canada, Japan require producers to get certified to market a food as organic within their borders.", "The GMO have round up inside the seed. Seeds are patented so a few can put anyone in jail who tries to start their own farm or reuse seeds. They own the seeds ", "The EPA has guidelines on how much pesticides can be on the outside of plants, but it's hard to tell if they are in the seed itself." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Organic food __knowledge__ Organic food is food produced by methods that comply with the standards of organic farming.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Standards vary worldwide, but organic farming in general features practices that strive to cycle resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Organizations regulating organic products may restrict the use of certain pesticides and fertilizers in farming.", "Organic food __knowledge__ In general, organic foods are also usually not processed using irradiation, industrial solvents or synthetic food additives.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Currently, the European Union, the United States, Canada, Mexico, Japan, and many other countries require producers to obtain special certification in order to market food as organic within their borders.", "Organic food __knowledge__ In the context of these regulations, organic food is produced in a way that complies with organic standards set by regional organizations, national governments and international organizations.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Although the produce of kitchen gardens may be organic, selling food with an organic label is regulated by governmental food safety authorities, such as the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) or European Commission (EC).", "Organic food __knowledge__ There is not sufficient evidence in medical literature to support claims that organic food is safer or healthier than conventionally grown food.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Agriculture in the United Kingdom uses 69% of the country's land area, employs 1.5% of its workforce (476,000 people) and contributes 0.62% of its gross value added (£9.9 billion).", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The UK produces less than 60% of the food it eats.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Although agricultural activity occurs in most rural locations, it is concentrated in East Anglia (crops) and the South West (livestock).", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Of the 212,000 farm holdings, there is a wide variation in size from under 20 to over 100 hectares.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Despite skilled farmers, high technology, fertile soil and subsidies, farm earnings are relatively low, mainly due to low prices at the farm gate.", "Eating disorder __knowledge__ An eating disorder is a mental disorder defined by abnormal eating habits that negatively affect a person's physical or mental health.", "Eating disorder __knowledge__ They include binge eating disorder where people eat a large amount in a short period of time, anorexia nervosa where people eat very little and thus have a low body weight, bulimia nervosa where people eat a lot and then try to rid themselves of the food, pica where people eat non-food items, rumination disorder where people regurgitate food, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder where people have a lack of interest in food, and a group of other specified feeding or eating disorders.", "Penetrant (biochemical) __knowledge__ A biochemical penetrant is a chemical that increases the ability of a poison to apply its toxic effect to a living organism.", "Penetrant (biochemical) __knowledge__ Typically, the term penetrant when used for a biochemical agent, relates to an agrichemical that is used with a weedkiller or fungicide.", "Penetrant (biochemical) __knowledge__ The term seems to be used in relation to agrichemicals within English speaking countries rather than North American.", "Penetrant (biochemical) __knowledge__ When mixed with a weedkiller (normally as an aqua solution) the penetrant chemical causes a plant to absorb the poison in a more effective manner and so succumb more readily.", "Penetrant (biochemical) __knowledge__ Penetrants are most often used against plants that would otherwise be able to resist the weedkiller.", "The Weedkiller's Daughter __knowledge__ The Weedkiller's Daughter (1993) is the second album from John & Mary.", "The Weedkiller's Daughter __knowledge__ The \"Weedkiller's Daughter\" was produced by John Lombardo and Armand John Petrie and, like their first album \"Victory Gardens\", features 10,000 Maniacs members Rob Buck and Jerry Augustyniak.", "The Weedkiller's Daughter __knowledge__ Other contributors include Alex Chilton (Box Tops, Big Star), Canadian singer-songwriter Mary Margaret O'Hara, Bob Wiseman (Blue Rodeo), and English folk-guitar legend Martin Simpson.", "The Weedkiller's Daughter __knowledge__ The tracks \"Angels of Stone\" and \"Cemetery Ridge\" were songs that John Lombardo wrote during the last year he was part of 10,000 Maniacs.", "The Weedkiller's Daughter __knowledge__ Cemetery Ridge was formerly known as \"Thompson's March.\"", "Organic farming __knowledge__ Organic farming is an alternative agricultural system which originated early in the 20th century in reaction to rapidly changing farming practices.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ Organic farming continues to be developed by various organic agriculture organizations today.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ It relies on fertilizers of organic origin such as compost manure, green manure, and bone meal and places emphasis on techniques such as crop rotation and companion planting.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ Biological pest control, mixed cropping and the fostering of insect predators are encouraged.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ In general, organic standards are designed to allow the use of naturally occurring substances while prohibiting or strictly limiting synthetic substances.", "Herbicide __knowledge__ Herbicide(s), also commonly known as weedkillers, are chemical substances used to control unwanted plants.", "Herbicide __knowledge__ Selective herbicides control specific weed species, while leaving the desired crop relatively unharmed, while non-selective herbicides (sometimes called \"total weedkillers\" in commercial products) can be used to clear waste ground, industrial and construction sites, railways and railway embankments as they kill all plant material with which they come into contact.", "Herbicide __knowledge__ Apart from selective/non-selective, other important distinctions include \"persistence\" (also known as \"residual action\": how long the product stays in place and remains active), \"means of uptake\" (whether it is absorbed by above-ground foliage only, through the roots, or by other means), and \"mechanism of action\" (how it works).", "Acharei Mot __knowledge__ Acharei Mot (also Aharei Mot, or Aharei Mos) (, Hebrew for \"after the death\") is the 29th weekly Torah portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading.", "Acharei Mot __knowledge__ It is the sixth weekly portion (, \"parashah\") in the Book of Leviticus, containing It is named after the fifth and sixth Hebrew words of the parashah, its first distinctive words: \"And the Lord spoke unto Moses, after the death of the two sons of Aaron, when they drew near before the Lord, and died\".", "Acharei Mot __knowledge__ A shorter version of the parashah's name is simply Acharei ()\",\" \"after.\"", "Acharei Mot __knowledge__ The parashah sets forth the law of the Yom Kippur ritual, centralized offerings, blood, and sexual practices." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Organic food __knowledge__ Organic food is food produced by methods that comply with the standards of organic farming.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Standards vary worldwide, but organic farming in general features practices that strive to cycle resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Organizations regulating organic products may restrict the use of certain pesticides and fertilizers in farming.", "Organic food __knowledge__ In general, organic foods are also usually not processed using irradiation, industrial solvents or synthetic food additives.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Currently, the European Union, the United States, Canada, Mexico, Japan, and many other countries require producers to obtain special certification in order to market food as organic within their borders.", "Organic food __knowledge__ In the context of these regulations, organic food is produced in a way that complies with organic standards set by regional organizations, national governments and international organizations.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Although the produce of kitchen gardens may be organic, selling food with an organic label is regulated by governmental food safety authorities, such as the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) or European Commission (EC).", "Organic food __knowledge__ There is not sufficient evidence in medical literature to support claims that organic food is safer or healthier than conventionally grown food.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ Organic farming is an alternative agricultural system which originated early in the 20th century in reaction to rapidly changing farming practices.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ Organic farming continues to be developed by various organic agriculture organizations today.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ It relies on fertilizers of organic origin such as compost manure, green manure, and bone meal and places emphasis on techniques such as crop rotation and companion planting.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ Biological pest control, mixed cropping and the fostering of insect predators are encouraged.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ In general, organic standards are designed to allow the use of naturally occurring substances while prohibiting or strictly limiting synthetic substances.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ Genetically modified food controversies are disputes over the use of foods and other goods derived from genetically modified crops instead of conventional crops, and other uses of genetic engineering in food production.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ The disputes involve consumers, farmers, biotechnology companies, governmental regulators, non-governmental organizations, and scientists.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ The key areas of controversy related to genetically modified food (GM food or GMO food) are whether such food should be labeled, the role of government regulators, the objectivity of scientific research and publication, the effect of genetically modified crops on health and the environment, the effect on pesticide resistance, the impact of such crops for farmers, and the role of the crops in feeding the world population.", "Organic certification __knowledge__ Organic certification is a certification process for producers of organic food and other organic agricultural products.", "Organic certification __knowledge__ In general, any business directly involved in food production can be certified, including seed suppliers, farmers, food processors, retailers and restaurants.", "Organic certification __knowledge__ A lesser known counterpart is certification for organic textiles (or Organic clothing) that includes certification of textile products made from organically grown fibres.", "Organic certification __knowledge__ Requirements vary from country to country (List of countries with organic agriculture regulation), and generally involve a set of production standards for growing, storage, processing, packaging and shipping that include: In some countries, certification is overseen by the government, and commercial use of the term \"organic\" is legally restricted.", "Ukulhas __knowledge__ Ukulhas(Dhivehi: އުކުޅަސް), one of the inhabited islands of Alif Alif Atoll, is a uniquely featured, environmentally friendly island in the maldives, famed for its cleanliness, well-maintained waste management system and also known as first systematically waste managed Island in the history of Republic of Maldives.", "Ukulhas __knowledge__ Ukulhas conducts several cleaning and planting programs each year and organizes several awareness programs on waste management, marine ecosystems, and biodiversity.", "Ukulhas __knowledge__ As being recognized as an environmental role model island in the Rep of Maldives, Ukulhas achieved Green Leaf award in the year 2014 for its outstanding services on protecting and preserving the Island's environment.", "Hydrogen isotope biogeochemistry __knowledge__ Hydrogen isotope biogeochemistry is the scientific study of biological, geological, and chemical processes in the environment using the distribution and relative abundance of hydrogen isotopes.", "Hydrogen isotope biogeochemistry __knowledge__ There are two stable isotopes of hydrogen, protium H and deuterium H, which vary in relative abundance on the order of hundreds of permil.", "Hydrogen isotope biogeochemistry __knowledge__ The ratio between these two species can be considered the hydrogen isotopic fingerprint of a substance.", "Hydrogen isotope biogeochemistry __knowledge__ Understanding isotopic fingerprints and the sources of fractionation that lead to variation between them can be applied to address a diverse array of questions ranging from ecology and hydrology to geochemistry and paleoclimate reconstructions.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Fair trade is a social movement whose stated goal is to help producers in developing countries achieve better trading conditions and to promote sustainable farming.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Members of the movement advocate the payment of higher prices to exporters, as well as improved social and environmental standards.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ The movement focuses in particular on commodities, or products which are typically exported from developing countries to developed countries, but also consumed in domestic markets (e.g.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Brazil, India and Bangladesh) most notably handicrafts, coffee, cocoa, wine, sugar, fresh fruit, chocolate, flowers and gold.", "Organic farming by country __knowledge__ Organic farming is practiced around the globe, but the markets for sale are strongest in North America and Europe, while the greatest dedicated area is accounted for by Australia, the greatest number of producers are in India, and the Falkland Islands record the highest share of agricultural land dedicated to organic production.", "Organic farming by country __knowledge__ The following information is taken from the 2009 edition of the yearbook \"The World of Organic Agriculture\", published by the International Federation of Organic Movements IFOAM, the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL and the International Trade Centre ITC.", "Organic farming by country __knowledge__ According to the latest survey on organic agriculture, carried out by the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL and the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements IFOAM, organic agriculture is developing rapidly, and statistical information is now available from 141 countries of the world.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Agriculture in the United Kingdom uses 69% of the country's land area, employs 1.5% of its workforce (476,000 people) and contributes 0.62% of its gross value added (£9.9 billion).", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The UK produces less than 60% of the food it eats.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Although agricultural activity occurs in most rural locations, it is concentrated in East Anglia (crops) and the South West (livestock).", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Of the 212,000 farm holdings, there is a wide variation in size from under 20 to over 100 hectares.", "Agriculture in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Despite skilled farmers, high technology, fertile soil and subsidies, farm earnings are relatively low, mainly due to low prices at the farm gate.", "History of organic farming __knowledge__ Traditional farming (of many particular kinds in different eras and places) was the original type of agriculture, and has been practiced for thousands of years.", "History of organic farming __knowledge__ All traditional farming is now considered to be \"organic farming\" although at the time there were no known inorganic methods.", "History of organic farming __knowledge__ For example, forest gardening, a fully organic food production system which dates from prehistoric times, is thought to be the world's oldest and most resilient agroecosystem.", "History of organic farming __knowledge__ After the industrial revolution had introduced inorganic methods, most of which were not well developed and had serious side effects.", "History of organic farming __knowledge__ An organic movement began in the 1940s as a reaction to agriculture's growing reliance on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.", "Soil __knowledge__ The Earth's body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.", "Soil __knowledge__ The term \"pedolith\", used commonly to refer to the soil, literally translates \"ground stone\".", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Organic food __knowledge__ Organic food is food produced by methods that comply with the standards of organic farming.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Standards vary worldwide, but organic farming in general features practices that strive to cycle resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Organizations regulating organic products may restrict the use of certain pesticides and fertilizers in farming.", "Organic food __knowledge__ In general, organic foods are also usually not processed using irradiation, industrial solvents or synthetic food additives.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Currently, the European Union, the United States, Canada, Mexico, Japan, and many other countries require producers to obtain special certification in order to market food as organic within their borders.", "Organic food __knowledge__ In the context of these regulations, organic food is produced in a way that complies with organic standards set by regional organizations, national governments and international organizations.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Although the produce of kitchen gardens may be organic, selling food with an organic label is regulated by governmental food safety authorities, such as the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) or European Commission (EC).", "Organic food __knowledge__ There is not sufficient evidence in medical literature to support claims that organic food is safer or healthier than conventionally grown food.", "Organic certification __knowledge__ Organic certification is a certification process for producers of organic food and other organic agricultural products.", "Organic certification __knowledge__ In general, any business directly involved in food production can be certified, including seed suppliers, farmers, food processors, retailers and restaurants.", "Organic certification __knowledge__ A lesser known counterpart is certification for organic textiles (or Organic clothing) that includes certification of textile products made from organically grown fibres.", "Organic certification __knowledge__ Requirements vary from country to country (List of countries with organic agriculture regulation), and generally involve a set of production standards for growing, storage, processing, packaging and shipping that include: In some countries, certification is overseen by the government, and commercial use of the term \"organic\" is legally restricted.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Fair trade is a social movement whose stated goal is to help producers in developing countries achieve better trading conditions and to promote sustainable farming.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Members of the movement advocate the payment of higher prices to exporters, as well as improved social and environmental standards.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ The movement focuses in particular on commodities, or products which are typically exported from developing countries to developed countries, but also consumed in domestic markets (e.g.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Brazil, India and Bangladesh) most notably handicrafts, coffee, cocoa, wine, sugar, fresh fruit, chocolate, flowers and gold.", "Organic farming by country __knowledge__ Organic farming is practiced around the globe, but the markets for sale are strongest in North America and Europe, while the greatest dedicated area is accounted for by Australia, the greatest number of producers are in India, and the Falkland Islands record the highest share of agricultural land dedicated to organic production.", "Organic farming by country __knowledge__ The following information is taken from the 2009 edition of the yearbook \"The World of Organic Agriculture\", published by the International Federation of Organic Movements IFOAM, the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL and the International Trade Centre ITC.", "Organic farming by country __knowledge__ According to the latest survey on organic agriculture, carried out by the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL and the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements IFOAM, organic agriculture is developing rapidly, and statistical information is now available from 141 countries of the world.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ Organic farming is an alternative agricultural system which originated early in the 20th century in reaction to rapidly changing farming practices.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ Organic farming continues to be developed by various organic agriculture organizations today.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ It relies on fertilizers of organic origin such as compost manure, green manure, and bone meal and places emphasis on techniques such as crop rotation and companion planting.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ Biological pest control, mixed cropping and the fostering of insect predators are encouraged.", "Organic farming __knowledge__ In general, organic standards are designed to allow the use of naturally occurring substances while prohibiting or strictly limiting synthetic substances.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ Genetically modified food controversies are disputes over the use of foods and other goods derived from genetically modified crops instead of conventional crops, and other uses of genetic engineering in food production.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ The disputes involve consumers, farmers, biotechnology companies, governmental regulators, non-governmental organizations, and scientists.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ The key areas of controversy related to genetically modified food (GM food or GMO food) are whether such food should be labeled, the role of government regulators, the objectivity of scientific research and publication, the effect of genetically modified crops on health and the environment, the effect on pesticide resistance, the impact of such crops for farmers, and the role of the crops in feeding the world population.", "Organic food culture __knowledge__ Organic food culture refers to a recent social and cultural trend in which there has been an increased interest in organic food due to the rise of media coverage on health, food safety, and environmental dangers of pesticides.", "Organic food culture __knowledge__ This attitude considers food a central requirement for health, but it does not neglect the aesthetic (concern with beauty) or hedonistic (pleasurable) aspects of food consumption.", "Organic food culture __knowledge__ This trend in the way people are eating crosses many aspects of the social and cultural realm, such as market practices and media content when it comes to food, which has led to some novelties and changes in these fields.", "Organic farming and biodiversity __knowledge__ The effect of organic farming has been a subject of interest for researchers.", "Organic farming and biodiversity __knowledge__ Theory suggests that organic farming practices, which exclude the use of most synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, may be beneficial for biodiversity.", "Organic farming and biodiversity __knowledge__ This is generally shown to be true for soils scaled to the area of cultivated land, where species abundance is, on average, 30% richer than that of conventional farms.", "Organic farming and biodiversity __knowledge__ However, for crop yield-scaled land the effect of organic farming on biodiversity is highly debated due to the significantly lower yields compared to conventional farms.", "Organic farming and biodiversity __knowledge__ In ancient farming practices, farmers did not possess the technology or manpower to have a significant impact on the destruction of biodiversity even as mass-production agriculture was rising.", "Biodynamic agriculture __knowledge__ Biodynamic agriculture is a form of alternative agriculture very similar to organic farming, but it includes various esoteric concepts drawn from the ideas of Rudolf Steiner (1861–1925).", "Biodynamic agriculture __knowledge__ Initially developed in 1924, it was the first of the organic agriculture movements.", "Biodynamic agriculture __knowledge__ It treats soil fertility, plant growth, and livestock care as ecologically interrelated tasks, emphasizing spiritual and mystical perspectives.", "Biodynamic agriculture __knowledge__ Biodynamics has much in common with other organic approaches – it emphasizes the use of manures and composts and excludes the use of artificial chemicals on soil and plants.", "Biodynamic agriculture __knowledge__ Methods unique to the biodynamic approach include its treatment of animals, crops, and soil as a single system, an emphasis from its beginnings on local production and distribution systems, its use of traditional and development of new local breeds and varieties.", "Sustainable living __knowledge__ Sustainable living is a lifestyle that attempts to reduce an individual's or society's use of the Earth's natural resources and personal resources.", "Sustainable living __knowledge__ Practitioners of sustainable living often attempt to reduce their carbon footprint by altering methods of transportation, energy consumption, and diet.", "Sustainable living __knowledge__ Proponents of sustainable living aim to conduct their lives in ways that are consistent with sustainability, in natural balance and respectful of humanity's symbiotic relationship with the Earth's natural ecology and cycles.", "Sustainable living __knowledge__ The practice and general philosophy of ecological living is highly interrelated with the overall principles of sustainable development." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Organic food __knowledge__ Organic food is food produced by methods that comply with the standards of organic farming.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Standards vary worldwide, but organic farming in general features practices that strive to cycle resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Organizations regulating organic products may restrict the use of certain pesticides and fertilizers in farming.", "Organic food __knowledge__ In general, organic foods are also usually not processed using irradiation, industrial solvents or synthetic food additives.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Currently, the European Union, the United States, Canada, Mexico, Japan, and many other countries require producers to obtain special certification in order to market food as organic within their borders.", "Organic food __knowledge__ In the context of these regulations, organic food is produced in a way that complies with organic standards set by regional organizations, national governments and international organizations.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Although the produce of kitchen gardens may be organic, selling food with an organic label is regulated by governmental food safety authorities, such as the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) or European Commission (EC).", "Organic food __knowledge__ There is not sufficient evidence in medical literature to support claims that organic food is safer or healthier than conventionally grown food.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ Genetically modified food controversies are disputes over the use of foods and other goods derived from genetically modified crops instead of conventional crops, and other uses of genetic engineering in food production.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ The disputes involve consumers, farmers, biotechnology companies, governmental regulators, non-governmental organizations, and scientists.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ The key areas of controversy related to genetically modified food (GM food or GMO food) are whether such food should be labeled, the role of government regulators, the objectivity of scientific research and publication, the effect of genetically modified crops on health and the environment, the effect on pesticide resistance, the impact of such crops for farmers, and the role of the crops in feeding the world population.", "Monsanto __knowledge__ Monsanto Company is a publicly traded American multinational agrochemical and agricultural biotechnology corporation.", "Monsanto __knowledge__ It is headquartered in Creve Coeur, Greater St. Louis, Missouri.", "Monsanto __knowledge__ Monsanto is a leading producer of genetically engineered (GE) seed and Roundup, a glyphosate-based herbicide.", "Monsanto __knowledge__ Monsanto has agreed to accept Bayer's offer to purchase the company for $66 billion ($128/share) in September 2016, and the deal is currently pending regulatory approval.", "Monsanto __knowledge__ Monsanto has been involved in research on catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation and the first mass-produced light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in addition to its work on genetic engineering.", "Genetically modified food controversies in Ghana __knowledge__ Controversy around genetically modified organisms (GMO) has been widespread in Ghana since 2013 after the Ghanaian government announced an introduction of GMO technology into the country that same year.", "Genetically modified food controversies in Ghana __knowledge__ Activist groups including Food Sovereignty Ghana, The Coalition For Farmers Rights And Advocacy Against GMOs, Ghana Catholic Bishops’ Conference, Convention People’s Party and individuals have spoken against its introduction.", "Genetically modified food controversies in Ghana __knowledge__ The disputes concern whether organisms procured from genetic engineering should be allowed into the market.", "Genetically modified food controversies in Ghana __knowledge__ Activists consider genetically modified food as a health hazard, \"neo-colonialist,\" and a threat to economic and food sovereignty and national security.", "Seed __knowledge__ A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering.", "Seed __knowledge__ The formation of the seed is part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiosperm plants.", "Seed __knowledge__ Seeds are the product of the ripened ovule, after fertilization by pollen and some growth within the mother plant.", "Seed __knowledge__ The embryo is developed from the zygote and the seed coat from the integuments of the ovule.", "Seed __knowledge__ Seeds have been an important development in the reproduction and success of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants, relative to more primitive plants such as ferns, mosses and liverworts, which do not have seeds and use water-dependent means to propagate themselves.", "2009 Australian Open __knowledge__ The 2009 Australian Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts.", "2009 Australian Open __knowledge__ It was the 97th edition of the Australian Open, and the first Grand Slam event of the year.", "2009 Australian Open __knowledge__ It took place at the Melbourne Park in Melbourne, Australia, from 19 January through 1 February 2009.", "2009 Australian Open __knowledge__ The 2009 men's tournament is considered to be one of the best Grand Slam tournaments in open era history.", "2009 Australian Open __knowledge__ It is remembered for containing many of the best matches of the 2009 year, including the Nadal v Verdasco semi final and the Nadal v Federer final.", "2009 Australian Open __knowledge__ It was the first hard court Grand Slam in which Nadal made the final or won.", "2008 Wimbledon Championships __knowledge__ The 2008 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts.", "2008 Wimbledon Championships __knowledge__ It was the 122nd edition of the Wimbledon Championships, and the third Grand Slam event of the year.", "2008 Wimbledon Championships __knowledge__ It took place at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, England, United Kingdom, from 23 June to 6 July 2008.", "2008 Wimbledon Championships __knowledge__ Spanish player Rafael Nadal won the first Wimbledon title of his career; the first Grand Slam tournament he had won other than the French Open.", "2008 Wimbledon Championships __knowledge__ Nadal defeated five-time defending champion Roger Federer in the final in what many regard as the greatest tennis match of all time.", "2008 Wimbledon Championships __knowledge__ In the women's singles, Venus Williams claimed her fifth title, and first win over her sister Serena in a Wimbledon final (she had lost the previous two).", "Casey Dellacqua __knowledge__ Casey Dellacqua ( ; born 11 February 1985) is an Australian professional tennis player of Italian and Irish descent.", "Casey Dellacqua __knowledge__ Dellacqua's best singles results to date have been semifinal appearances at the 2012 Texas Tennis Open and 2014 Aegon Classic, a quarterfinal finish at the 2014 BNP Paribas Open and fourth round appearances at the 2008 Australian Open, 2014 Australian Open and the 2014 US Open.", "Casey Dellacqua __knowledge__ Dellacqua's career highlights, however, have all come in doubles.", "Casey Dellacqua __knowledge__ To date, she has won seven WTA doubles titles and one grand slam mixed doubles title at the 2011 French Open.", "Casey Dellacqua __knowledge__ While she is yet to win a grand slam title in women's doubles, she has reached the finals of all four grand slam events in this discipline, finishing as the runner-up at the 2008 French Open with Italian Francesca Schiavone and 2013 Australian Open, 2013 Wimbledon Championships and 2013 US Open with compatriot Ashleigh Barty.", "Genetically modified food __knowledge__ Genetically modified foods or GM foods, also known as genetically engineered foods or bioengineered foods, are foods produced from organisms that have had changes introduced into their DNA using the methods of genetic engineering.", "Genetically modified food __knowledge__ Genetic engineering techniques allow for the introduction of new traits as well as greater control over traits than previous methods such as selective breeding and mutation breeding.", "Genetically modified food __knowledge__ Commercial sale of genetically modified foods began in 1994, when Calgene first marketed its unsuccessful Flavr Savr delayed-ripening tomato.", "Genetically modified food __knowledge__ Most food modifications have primarily focused on cash crops in high demand by farmers such as soybean, corn, canola, and cotton.", "Genetically modified organism __knowledge__ A genetically modified organism (GMO) is any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques (i.e., a genetically \"engineered\" organism).", "Genetically modified organism __knowledge__ GMOs are used to produce many medications and genetically modified foods and are widely used in scientific research and the production of other goods.", "Genetically modified organism __knowledge__ The term GMO is very close to the technical legal term, 'living modified organism', defined in the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, which regulates international trade in living GMOs (specifically, \"any living organism that possesses a novel combination of genetic material obtained through the use of modern biotechnology\").", "Genetic engineering __knowledge__ Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology.", "Genetic engineering __knowledge__ It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms.", "Genetic engineering __knowledge__ New DNA is obtained by either isolating and copying the genetic material of interest using recombinant DNA methods or by artificially synthesising the DNA.", "Genetic engineering __knowledge__ A construct is usually created and used to insert this DNA into the host organism.", "Genetic engineering __knowledge__ The first recombinant DNA molecule was made by Paul Berg in 1972 by combining DNA from the monkey virus SV40 with the lambda virus.", "Regulation of genetic engineering __knowledge__ The regulation of genetic engineering varies widely by country.", "Regulation of genetic engineering __knowledge__ Countries such as the United States, Canada, Lebanon and Egypt use \"substantial equivalence\" as the starting point when assessing safety, while many countries such as those in the European Union, Brazil and China authorize GMO cultivation on a case-by-case basis.", "Regulation of genetic engineering __knowledge__ Many countries allow the import of GM food with authorization, but either do not allow its cultivation (Russia, Norway, Israel) or have provisions for cultivation, but no GM products are yet produced (Japan, South Korea).", "Regulation of genetic engineering __knowledge__ Most countries that do not allow for GMO cultivation do permit research.", "Genetic engineering in Europe __knowledge__ Genetic engineering in Europe has varying degrees of regulation.", "Genetic engineering in Europe __knowledge__ Until the 1990s, Europe's regulation was less strict than in the United States, one turning point being cited as the export of the United States' first GM-containing soy harvest in 1996.", "Genetic engineering in Europe __knowledge__ The GM soy made up about 2% of the total harvest at the time, and Eurocommerce and European food retailers required that it be separated.", "Genetic engineering in Europe __knowledge__ In 1998, the use of MON810, a Bt expressing maize conferring resistance to the European corn borer, was approved for commercial cultivation in Europe.", "Genetic engineering in Europe __knowledge__ Shortly thereafter, the EU enacted a \"de facto\" moratorium on new approvals of GMOs pending new regulatory laws passed in 2003.", "The Non-GMO Project __knowledge__ The Non-GMO Project is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization focusing on genetically modified organisms.", "The Non-GMO Project __knowledge__ The organization began as an initiative of independent natural foods retailers in the U.S. and Canada, with the stated aim to label products produced in compliance with their Non-GMO Project Standard, which aims to prevent genetically modified foodstuffs from being present in retail food products.", "The Non-GMO Project __knowledge__ The organization is headquartered in Bellingham, Washington.", "The Non-GMO Project __knowledge__ The Non-GMO label began use in 2012 with Numi Organic Tea products.", "The Non-GMO Project __knowledge__ In 2007, two natural food retailers formed the project, with a goal of creating a standardized definition for non-genetically modified organisms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Organic food __knowledge__ Organic food is food produced by methods that comply with the standards of organic farming.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Standards vary worldwide, but organic farming in general features practices that strive to cycle resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Organizations regulating organic products may restrict the use of certain pesticides and fertilizers in farming.", "Organic food __knowledge__ In general, organic foods are also usually not processed using irradiation, industrial solvents or synthetic food additives.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Currently, the European Union, the United States, Canada, Mexico, Japan, and many other countries require producers to obtain special certification in order to market food as organic within their borders.", "Organic food __knowledge__ In the context of these regulations, organic food is produced in a way that complies with organic standards set by regional organizations, national governments and international organizations.", "Organic food __knowledge__ Although the produce of kitchen gardens may be organic, selling food with an organic label is regulated by governmental food safety authorities, such as the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) or European Commission (EC).", "Organic food __knowledge__ There is not sufficient evidence in medical literature to support claims that organic food is safer or healthier than conventionally grown food.", "Pesticide regulation in the United States __knowledge__ Pesticide regulation in the United States is primarily a responsibility of the Environmental Protection Agency.", "Pesticide regulation in the United States __knowledge__ In most countries, pesticides must be approved for sale and use by a government agency.", "Pesticide regulation in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for regulating pesticides under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and the Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA).", "Pesticide regulation in the United States __knowledge__ Studies must be conducted to establish the conditions in which the material is safe to use and the effectiveness against the intended pest(s).", "Pesticide regulation in the United States __knowledge__ The EPA regulates pesticides to ensure that these products do not pose adverse effects to humans or the environment.", "Pesticide __knowledge__ Pesticides are substances that are meant to control pests (including weeds).", "Pesticide __knowledge__ The term pesticide includes all of the following: herbicide, insecticides (which may include insect growth regulators, termiticides, \"etc.\")", "Pesticide __knowledge__ nematicide, molluscicide, piscicide, avicide, rodenticide, bactericide, insect repellent, animal repellent, antimicrobial, fungicide, disinfectant (antimicrobial), and sanitizer.", "Pesticide __knowledge__ The most common of these are herbicides which account for approximately 80% of all pesticide use.", "Pesticide __knowledge__ Most pesticides are intended to serve as plant protection products (also known as crop protection products), which in general, protect plants from weeds, fungi, or insects.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ Genetically modified food controversies are disputes over the use of foods and other goods derived from genetically modified crops instead of conventional crops, and other uses of genetic engineering in food production.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ The disputes involve consumers, farmers, biotechnology companies, governmental regulators, non-governmental organizations, and scientists.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ The key areas of controversy related to genetically modified food (GM food or GMO food) are whether such food should be labeled, the role of government regulators, the objectivity of scientific research and publication, the effect of genetically modified crops on health and the environment, the effect on pesticide resistance, the impact of such crops for farmers, and the role of the crops in feeding the world population.", "Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act __knowledge__ The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) is a United States federal law that set up the basic U.S. system of pesticide regulation to protect applicators, consumers, and the environment.", "Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act __knowledge__ It is administered and regulated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the appropriate environmental agencies of the respective states.", "Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act __knowledge__ FIFRA has undergone several important amendments since its inception.", "Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act __knowledge__ A significant revision in 1972 by the Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act (FEPCA) and several others have expanded EPA’s present authority to oversee the sales and use of pesticides with emphasis on the preservation of human health and protection of the environment by \"(1) strengthening the registration process by shifting the burden of proof to the chemical manufacturer, (2) enforcing compliance against banned and unregistered products, and (3) promulgating the regulatory framework missing from the original law\".", "Clothianidin __knowledge__ Clothianidin is an insecticide developed by Takeda Chemical Industries and Bayer AG.", "Clothianidin __knowledge__ Similar to thiamethoxam and imidacloprid, it is a neonicotinoid.", "Clothianidin __knowledge__ Neonicotinoids are a class of insecticides that are chemically similar to nicotine, which has been used as a pesticide since the late 1700s.", "Clothianidin __knowledge__ Clothianidin and other neonicotinoids act on the central nervous system of insects as an agonist of acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter that stimulates nAChR, targeting the same receptor site (AChR) and activating post-synaptic acetylcholine receptors but not inhibiting AChE.", "Clothianidin __knowledge__ Clothianidin and other neonicotinoids were developed to last longer than nicotine, which is more toxic and which breaks down too quickly in the environment.", "Colony collapse disorder __knowledge__ Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is the phenomenon that occurs when the majority of worker bees in a colony disappear and leave behind a queen, plenty of food and a few nurse bees to care for the remaining immature bees and the queen.", "Colony collapse disorder __knowledge__ While such disappearances have occurred throughout the history of apiculture, and were known by various names (disappearing disease, spring dwindle, May disease, autumn collapse, and fall dwindle disease), the syndrome was renamed colony collapse disorder in late 2006 in conjunction with a drastic rise in the number of disappearances of western honey bee (\"Apis mellifera\") colonies in North America.", "Chlorpyrifos __knowledge__ Chlorpyrifos (CPS), sold under many brandnames, is an organophosphate pesticide used to kill a number of pests including insects and worms.", "Chlorpyrifos __knowledge__ It is used on crops, animals, and buildings.", "Chlorpyrifos __knowledge__ It was introduced in 1965 by Dow Chemical Company.", "Chlorpyrifos __knowledge__ It acts on the nervous system of insects by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase.", "Chlorpyrifos __knowledge__ Toxicity results in more than 10,000 human deaths a year.", "Chlorpyrifos __knowledge__ Chlorpyrifos is considered moderately hazardous to humans by the World Health Organization.", "Chlorpyrifos __knowledge__ Exposure surpassing recommended levels has been linked to neurological effects, persistent developmental disorders and autoimmune disorders.", "Genetically modified organism __knowledge__ A genetically modified organism (GMO) is any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques (i.e., a genetically \"engineered\" organism).", "Genetically modified organism __knowledge__ GMOs are used to produce many medications and genetically modified foods and are widely used in scientific research and the production of other goods.", "Genetically modified organism __knowledge__ The term GMO is very close to the technical legal term, 'living modified organism', defined in the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, which regulates international trade in living GMOs (specifically, \"any living organism that possesses a novel combination of genetic material obtained through the use of modern biotechnology\").", "Genetically modified food __knowledge__ Genetically modified foods or GM foods, also known as genetically engineered foods or bioengineered foods, are foods produced from organisms that have had changes introduced into their DNA using the methods of genetic engineering.", "Genetically modified food __knowledge__ Genetic engineering techniques allow for the introduction of new traits as well as greater control over traits than previous methods such as selective breeding and mutation breeding.", "Genetically modified food __knowledge__ Commercial sale of genetically modified foods began in 1994, when Calgene first marketed its unsuccessful Flavr Savr delayed-ripening tomato.", "Genetically modified food __knowledge__ Most food modifications have primarily focused on cash crops in high demand by farmers such as soybean, corn, canola, and cotton.", "Genetic engineering __knowledge__ Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology.", "Genetic engineering __knowledge__ It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms.", "Genetic engineering __knowledge__ New DNA is obtained by either isolating and copying the genetic material of interest using recombinant DNA methods or by artificially synthesising the DNA.", "Genetic engineering __knowledge__ A construct is usually created and used to insert this DNA into the host organism.", "Genetic engineering __knowledge__ The first recombinant DNA molecule was made by Paul Berg in 1972 by combining DNA from the monkey virus SV40 with the lambda virus.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ Genetically modified crops (GMCs, GM crops, or biotech crops) are plants used in agriculture, the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering methods.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ In most cases, the aim is to introduce a new trait to the plant which does not occur naturally in the species.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ Examples in food crops include resistance to certain pests, diseases, or environmental conditions, reduction of spoilage, or resistance to chemical treatments (e.g.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ resistance to a herbicide), or improving the nutrient profile of the crop.", "Genetically modified crops __knowledge__ Examples in non-food crops include production of pharmaceutical agents, biofuels, and other industrially useful goods, as well as for bioremediation.", "Biotechnology __knowledge__ Biotechnology is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or \"any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use\" (UN Convention on Biological Diversity, Art.", "Biotechnology __knowledge__ 2).", "Biotechnology __knowledge__ Depending on the tools and applications, it often overlaps with the (related) fields of bioengineering, biomedical engineering, biomanufacturing, molecular engineering, etc.", "Biotechnology __knowledge__ For thousands of years, humankind has used biotechnology in agriculture, food production, and medicine.", "Biotechnology __knowledge__ The term is largely believed to have been coined in 1919 by Hungarian engineer Károly Ereky.", "Bacillus thuringiensis __knowledge__ Bacillus thuringiensis (or Bt) is a Gram-positive, soil-dwelling bacterium, commonly used as a biological pesticide.", "Bacillus thuringiensis __knowledge__ \"B. thuringiensis\" also occurs naturally in the gut of caterpillars of various types of moths and butterflies, as well on leaf surfaces, aquatic environments, animal feces, insect-rich environments, and flour mills and grain-storage facilities.", "Bacillus thuringiensis __knowledge__ It has also been observed to parasitize other moths such as \"Cadra calidella\"—in laboratory experiments working with \"C. calidella\", many of the moths were diseased due to this parasite.", "Bacillus thuringiensis __knowledge__ During sporulation, many Bt strains produce crystal proteins (proteinaceous inclusions), called δ-endotoxins, that have insecticidal action." ] ]

[ 26, 2, 26, 11, 11 ]

[ "Oh, I see, what about that weedkiller made you decide to go organic? I know organic farming is a great agricultural alternative that's rapidly growing!", "Ah, I see, I've also heard of the standards used in organic farming, such as how they cycle resources and conserve biodiversity. I wonder where in the world is organic farming happening?", "Interesting. Well, if you like organic food, what's your opinion on genetically modified food? Currently they'res disputes involving consumers, farmers, and governments about the effects of GMO products.", "They have a pesticide built in? I thought the effect of genetically modified crops are brought on by selective breeding and gene implanting.", "Does the EPA also have guidlines for other forms of organism killing substances, like rodenticides and suchs?" ]

[ "Organic food", "Organic food", "Organic food", "Organic food", "Organic food" ]

[ "South Park\nI grew up watching South Park. Are you a fan?", "I love how the new shows keep everything up to date. They don't hold back. They dish on every one and everything. That's rare now days. ", "Yes, not many shows make it that long. I didn't like it at first but it grew on me like a fungus. ", "wow that's great. I'm a new dad and now thinking about it I was watching that show far to young. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique.", "South Park: The Stick of Truth __knowledge__ South Park: The Stick of Truth is a 2014 role-playing video game developed by Obsidian Entertainment in collaboration with South Park Digital Studios and published by Ubisoft.", "South Park: The Stick of Truth __knowledge__ Based on the American adult animated television series \"South Park\", the game follows the New Kid, who has moved to the eponymous town and becomes involved in an epic role-play fantasy war involving humans, wizards, and elves, who are fighting for control of the all-powerful Stick of Truth.", "South Park: The Stick of Truth __knowledge__ Their game quickly escalates out of control and brings them into conflict with aliens, Nazi zombies, and gnomes, threatening the entire town with destruction.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The thirteenth season of \"South Park\", an American animated television comedy series, originally aired in the United States on Comedy Central between March 11 and November 18, 2009.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season was headed by the series creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone, who served as executive producers along with Anne Garefino.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season continued to focus on the exploits of protagonists Stan, Kyle, Cartman, Kenny and Butters in the fictional Colorado mountain town of South Park.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season was the first of three new seasons Parker and Stone agreed to produce for the network under a renewal deal.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ It consisted of fourteen 22-minute episodes, which aired in two groups of seven episodes separated by a six-month gap.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ \"See also South Park (disambiguation)\" South Park is a broad post-World War II development in the south-central area of Houston, Texas, a few miles south of MacGregor Park (from which it gets its name) and directly south of the 610 Loop.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ According to the 2000 Census, the community has a population of 22,282.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ 81% of the South Park population is predominately African American, compared to 25% for the city as a whole.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ Houston's Martin Luther King Boulevard runs through the area.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ Reflecting its postwar origins, many streets in South Park are named after World War II battle sites and persons.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ In the 1980s and 1990s crime became a key issue for South Park.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ \"Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo\" is the ninth episode in the first season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on December 17, 1997.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ In the episode, the Jewish character Kyle feels excluded from the town's celebrations during Christmas, and is comforted by Mr. Hankey, a talking and singing lump of feces wearing a red hat.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ Mr. Hankey does not come alive in the presence of other characters, so they think that Kyle is delusional.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ In another plot strand, the townspeople remove all religious aspects of Christmas from South Park to remain politically correct and inoffensive.", "Weight Gain 4000 __knowledge__ \"Weight Gain 4000\" is the third episode of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Weight Gain 4000 __knowledge__ It first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on August 27, 1997.", "Weight Gain 4000 __knowledge__ In the episode, the residents of South Park excitedly prepare for a visit by celebrity Kathie Lee Gifford, whom the boys' third-grade teacher Mr. Garrison plans to assassinate because of a childhood grudge.", "Weight Gain 4000 __knowledge__ In the meantime, Cartman becomes extremely obese after constantly eating a bodybuilding supplement called Weight Gain 4000.", "Weight Gain 4000 __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series co-founders Trey Parker and Matt Stone.", "Weight Gain 4000 __knowledge__ After the \"South Park\" pilot episode, \"Cartman Gets an Anal Probe\", drew poor test audience results, Comedy Central requested a script for one more new episode before deciding whether or not to commit to a full series.", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ \"200\" is the fifth episode of the fourteenth season of the American animated television series \"South Park\", and the 200th overall episode of the series.", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on April 14, 2010.", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ In the episode, Tom Cruise and all other celebrities who have been mocked by residents of South Park in the past plan to file a class action lawsuit against the town, but Cruise promises to end the lawsuit if the town can get the Muslim prophet Muhammad to meet him.", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker.", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ To celebrate their landmark episode, Parker and fellow series co-creator Matt Stone combined many of \"South Park\"s past storylines and controversies." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the universe of Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10\" franchise, which includes \"Ben 10\", \"\", \"\", \"\", and \"Ben 10 (Reboot)\".", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Portrayed by: Benjamin Kirby \"Ben\" Tennyson (alias \"Ben 10\") is the main character of the franchise.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ He is a 10-year-old boy child from Bellwood who found the Omnitrix during his summer vacation with his Grandfather Max Tennyson and his cousin Gwen Tennyson.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ The Omnitrix attached to his wrist and gives him the powers and abilities to become different aliens.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ He uses these powers to defeat evil while trying to escape the alien warlord Vilgax, who chases after him unstoppably in order to retrieve the Omnitrix.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ The following is list of characters the appear in the cartoon series, \"Generator Rex\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Ricardo \"Rex\" Salazar is a young human-looking E.V.O, but unlike other E.V.O.s, Rex has the ability to control his nanites at will, allowing him to cure other E.V.O.s of their mutations and use his nanites to create a variety of machines on his body and communicate with a variety of machines.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Rex is overconfident, impulsive, and typically, rebellious.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He has a quick wit and is constantly making jokes.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ However, when Rex needs to defend himself, he doesn't hold back.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He prefers to smash anything that gets in his way.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The following is an alphabetical list of the minor characters in the various versions of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", by Douglas Adams.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The descriptions of the characters are accompanied by information on details about appearances and references to the characters.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Major characters— Arthur Dent, Ford Prefect, Zaphod Beeblebrox, Marvin the Paranoid Android, Trillian, and Slartibartfast—are separately described.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Lists are also available for places in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", races and species in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", technology in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", phrases from \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", and cast lists for \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\".", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "Pearls Before Swine (comics) __knowledge__ Pearls Before Swine, (also known as Pearls) is an American comic strip written and illustrated by Stephan Pastis.", "Pearls Before Swine (comics) __knowledge__ It chronicles the daily lives of five anthropomorphic animals: a Pig, a Rat, a Zebra, a Goat, and a fraternity of crocodiles, as well as a number of supporting characters.", "Pearls Before Swine (comics) __knowledge__ Each character represents an aspect of Pastis' own personality and world view.", "Pearls Before Swine (comics) __knowledge__ The daily and Sunday comic strip is distributed by Universal Uclick (by United Media's United Feature Syndicate before 2011).", "Pearls Before Swine (comics) __knowledge__ It debuted in 2000 as a website strip under United Feature Syndicate.", "Pearls Before Swine (comics) __knowledge__ United Feature Syndicate launched the strip in newspapers on December 31, 2001 in \"The Washington Post\".", "Criticism of Family Guy __knowledge__ The American animated sitcom \"Family Guy\" has been the target of numerous taste and indecency complaints.", "Criticism of Family Guy __knowledge__ The show is known, especially in later seasons to include offensive jokes (many of which involve racial humor) and violent, gory, and disturbing images.", "Criticism of Family Guy __knowledge__ The show's dark humor and sexual themes has led to backlash from organizations such as the Parents' Television Council.", "Criticism of Family Guy __knowledge__ Since the premiere of Family Guy the Parents Television Council has been an outspoken critic of the series.", "Criticism of Family Guy __knowledge__ The Parents Television Council is a conservative non-profit watchdog group that has not only expressed moral opposition to the series, but also has filed complaints with the Federal Communications Commission.", "List of Farscape characters __knowledge__ This article contains information about fictional characters in the television series \"Farscape\".", "List of Farscape characters __knowledge__ John Robert Crichton, Jr. , played by Ben Browder, is an International Aeronautics and Space Administration (most commonly referred to on the show as IASA) astronaut who, in the opening few minutes of the pilot episode, is accidentally catapulted through a wormhole across the universe, thus setting the scene for the show as a whole.", "List of Farscape characters __knowledge__ As the only regularly appearing human on the show, he is the main focus and is the main character as he narrates the weekly credits and is the only character to appear in every episode.", "Crayon Shin-chan __knowledge__ , also known as Shin Chan, is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yoshito Usui.", "Crayon Shin-chan __knowledge__ It follows the adventures of the five-year-old Shinnosuke \"Shin\" Nohara and his parents, baby sister, dog, neighbours, and friends and is set in Kasukabe, Saitama Prefecture.", "Crayon Shin-chan __knowledge__ \"Crayon Shin-chan\" first appeared in 1990 in a Japanese weekly magazine called \"Weekly Manga Action\", which is published by Futabasha.", "Crayon Shin-chan __knowledge__ Due to the death of author Yoshito Usui, the manga in its original form ended on September 11, 2009.", "Crayon Shin-chan __knowledge__ A new manga began in the summer of 2010 by members of Usui's team, titled .", "Crayon Shin-chan __knowledge__ An anime adaptation of the series began airing on TV Asahi in 1992 and is still ongoing on several television networks, worldwide.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Bop Gun (Homicide: Life on the Street) __knowledge__ \"Bop Gun\" is the premiere of the American police drama television series \"\", and the tenth overall episode of the series.", "Bop Gun (Homicide: Life on the Street) __knowledge__ It originally aired on NBC in the United States on January 6, 1994.", "Bop Gun (Homicide: Life on the Street) __knowledge__ In the episode, the Baltimore homicide unit investigates the shooting death of the wife of a tourist, played by guest star Robin Williams.", "Bop Gun (Homicide: Life on the Street) __knowledge__ The episode was written by David Mills and David Simon based on a story by executive producer Tom Fontana, and directed by Stephen Gyllenhaal.", "Bop Gun (Homicide: Life on the Street) __knowledge__ In response to network feedback and poor ratings from the , \"Bop Gun\" marked several changes in the series, including a less bleak visual style and a greater focus on one plot, rather than multiple subplots.", "A Series of Unfortunate Events __knowledge__ A Series of Unfortunate Events is a series of thirteen children's novels by Lemony Snicket, the pen name of American author Daniel Handler.", "A Series of Unfortunate Events __knowledge__ The books follow the turbulent lives of Violet, Klaus, and Sunny Baudelaire.", "A Series of Unfortunate Events __knowledge__ After their parents' death in a fire, the children are placed in the custody of a murderous relative, Count Olaf, who attempts to steal their inheritance and, later, orchestrates numerous disasters with the help of his accomplices as the children attempt to flee.", "A Series of Unfortunate Events __knowledge__ As the plot progresses, the Baudelaires gradually confront further mysteries surrounding their family and deep conspiracies involving a secret society known as V.F.D., with connections to both Olaf and their parents." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique.", "Reality television __knowledge__ Reality television is a genre of television programming that documents supposedly unscripted real-life situations, and often features an otherwise unknown cast of individuals who are typically not professional actors, although in some shows celebrities may participate.", "Reality television __knowledge__ It differs from documentary television in that the focus tends to be on drama, personal conflict, and entertainment rather than educating viewers.", "Reality television __knowledge__ An early term for the format was \"docu-soap\".", "Reality television __knowledge__ The genre has various standard tropes, including \"confessionals\" (also called \"talking heads\" or \"interview segments\") used by cast members to express their thoughts, which often double as the shows' narration.", "Lichen __knowledge__ A lichen is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi in a symbiotic relationship.", "Lichen __knowledge__ The combined lichen has properties different from those of its component organisms.", "Lichen __knowledge__ Lichens come in many colours, sizes, and forms.", "Lichen __knowledge__ The properties are sometimes plant-like, but lichens are not plants.", "Lichen __knowledge__ Lichens may have tiny, leafless branches (fruticose), flat leaf-like structures (foliose), flakes that lie on the surface like peeling paint (crustose), or other growth forms.", "Lichen __knowledge__ A macrolichen is a lichen that is either bush-like or leafy; all other lichens are termed microlichens.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ The following is a complete list of creatures from the universe of ITV science fiction television series \"Primeval\" and also any spin-off media, including \"\" (\"PNW\").", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ The series includes various imaginary species which are not native to the series setting, with some being prehistoric and others being futuristic.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ Various creatures were designed with some artistic license, for dramatic effect.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ A number of creatures from the \"Walking with...\" series were also reimagined for dramatic effect.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ In 2007 Character Options announced they would create \"Primeval\" action figures, including both a flying Rex and a large plush toy Rex, Future Predators, \"Hesperornis\" and dodos.", "Working on a Dream Tour __knowledge__ The Working on a Dream Tour was a concert tour by Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band, which began in April 2009 and ended in November 2009.", "Working on a Dream Tour __knowledge__ It followed the late January 2009 release of the album \"Working on a Dream\".", "Working on a Dream Tour __knowledge__ This was the first full E Street Band tour without founding member Danny Federici, who died during the previous tour in 2008, and the final tour for founding member Clarence Clemons, who died in 2011.", "Working on a Dream Tour __knowledge__ The tour was shorter than a typical Springsteen outing, but for the first time in his career, it placed an emphasis on performing at music festivals, especially in Europe.", "Working on a Dream Tour __knowledge__ Even more unlike all his previous tours, the Working on a Dream Tour featured little of his new album.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The Doctor is the title character in the long-running BBC science fiction television programme \"Doctor Who\".", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ Since the show's inception in 1963, the character has been portrayed by twelve lead actors.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ In the programme, \"the Doctor\" is the alias assumed by a centuries-old alien—a Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey—who travels through space and time in the TARDIS, frequently with companions.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The transition to each succeeding actor is explained within the show's narrative through the plot device of \"regeneration\", a biological function of the Time Lord race that allows a change of cellular structure and appearance with recovery following a potentially fatal injury.", "Tabloid talk show __knowledge__ A tabloid talk show is a subgenre of the talk show genre which emphasizes controversial and sensationalistic topical subject matter.", "Tabloid talk show __knowledge__ The subgenre achieved peak viewership during the late 20th century.", "Tabloid talk show __knowledge__ Airing mostly during the day and distributed mostly through television syndication, tabloid talk shows originated in the 1960s and early 1970s with series hosted by Joe Pyne, Les Crane and Phil Donahue; the format was popularized by personal confession-filled \"The Oprah Winfrey Show\", which debuted nationally in 1986.", "Tabloid talk show __knowledge__ Tabloid talk shows have sometimes been described as the \"freak shows\" of the late 20th century, since most of their guests were outside the mainstream.", "201 (South Park) __knowledge__ \"201\" is the sixth episode of the fourteenth season of \"South Park\", and the 201st overall episode of the series.", "201 (South Park) __knowledge__ It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on April 21, 2010.", "201 (South Park) __knowledge__ The episode continued multiple storylines from the previous episode, \"200\", in which a group of angry celebrities demand South Park produce the Muslim prophet Muhammad.", "201 (South Park) __knowledge__ In \"201\", a superhero-like group of religious figures team up to save South Park from the celebrities and their monster Mecha-Streisand, while Eric Cartman learns the true identity of his father.", "201 (South Park) __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ \"Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo\" is the ninth episode in the first season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on December 17, 1997.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ In the episode, the Jewish character Kyle feels excluded from the town's celebrations during Christmas, and is comforted by Mr. Hankey, a talking and singing lump of feces wearing a red hat.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ Mr. Hankey does not come alive in the presence of other characters, so they think that Kyle is delusional.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ In another plot strand, the townspeople remove all religious aspects of Christmas from South Park to remain politically correct and inoffensive.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The thirteenth season of \"South Park\", an American animated television comedy series, originally aired in the United States on Comedy Central between March 11 and November 18, 2009.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season was headed by the series creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone, who served as executive producers along with Anne Garefino.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season continued to focus on the exploits of protagonists Stan, Kyle, Cartman, Kenny and Butters in the fictional Colorado mountain town of South Park.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season was the first of three new seasons Parker and Stone agreed to produce for the network under a renewal deal.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ It consisted of fourteen 22-minute episodes, which aired in two groups of seven episodes separated by a six-month gap.", "Trey Parker __knowledge__ Randolph Severn \"Trey\" Parker III (born October 19, 1969) is an American actor, animator, writer, director, producer, singer, and songwriter.", "Trey Parker __knowledge__ He is known for co-creating \"South Park\" (1997–present) along with his creative partner Matt Stone, as well as co-writing and co-directing the Tony Award-winning musical \"The Book of Mormon\" (2011).", "Trey Parker __knowledge__ Parker was interested in film and music as a child, and attended the University of Colorado, Boulder following high school, where he met Stone.", "Trey Parker __knowledge__ The two collaborated on various short films, and starred in a feature-length musical, titled \"Cannibal!", "Trey Parker __knowledge__ The Musical\" (1993).", "South Park (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the animated television series \"South Park\" ran for 13 episodes from August 13, 1997 to February 25, 1998 on the American network Comedy Central.", "South Park (season 1) __knowledge__ The creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone wrote most of the season's episodes; Dan Sterling, Philip Stark and David Goodman were credited with writing five episodes.", "South Park (season 1) __knowledge__ The narrative revolves around four children—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman and Kenny McCormick—and their unusual experiences in the titular mountain town.", "South Park (season 1) __knowledge__ \"South Park\" originated from Parker and Stone's 1992 animated short, \"Jesus vs. Frosty\".", "South Park (season 1) __knowledge__ The low-budget, crudely made film featured prototypes of \"South Park\"'s main characters and was followed in 1995 by another short film, \"Jesus vs. Santa\".", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring characters in the animated television series South Park.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ This does not include the school children, family members or the school staff.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ \"Al Gore\" (voiced by Trey Parker in the \"ManBearPig\" episode and Matt Stone in \"The Red Badge of Gayness\" episode) is the former Vice President of the United States and also tries to alert the children of South Park of a mystical creature named \"ManBearPig\".", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ He constantly says \"I'm super cereal!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ and \"excelsior!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ during certain situations; he also appears to be ignorant and insecure.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ Gore also appears in during the Imaginationland saga where he's shown wearing a red cape and yelling \"excelsior!" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that were introduced in CBBC's \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series is based on The Story of Tracy Beaker by Jacqueline Wilson.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ It has aired since 2013 and is currently airing the fifth series.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ The series follows \"The Story of Tracy Beaker\" that ran for five series from 2002 to 2005, and \"Tracy Beaker Returns\" that ran for three series from 2010 to 2012.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Connor Byrne has played the role of Mike Milligan for all three programmes.", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ Faith Davis is a resident of Elm Tree House and Ashdene Ridge during the first two series of \"The Dumping Ground\".", "List of The Dumping Ground characters __knowledge__ She is portrayed by Leanne Dunstan.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: A Jekyll and Hyde-type who fought Captain Marvel Jr. Based on the Nazi Dictator Adolf Hitler.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Führer of Nazi Germany, he was a member of the Monster Society of Evil.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ He ordered the creation of Captain Nazi, and caused many plots against America and its superheroes.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Like his real-life counterpart, he probably committed suicide with his wife when the Allies were advancing to Berlin.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Only appearing in \"Marvel Family\" #27.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Created by a scientist who thinks if everyone in the world was like him there would be no war.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Comedy Central __knowledge__ The Comedy Central is an American basic cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Global Entertainment Group, a unit of the Viacom Media Networks division of Viacom.", "Comedy Central __knowledge__ The channel is geared for mature audiences ages 14 and older, and the network carries comedy programming, in the form of both original, licensed and syndicated series and stand-up comedy specials, as well as feature films.", "Comedy Central __knowledge__ Since the early 2000s, Comedy Central has expanded globally with localized channels in Asia, Germany, Czech Republic, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Latin America, New Zealand, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Republic of Ireland, United Kingdom, India, Brazil, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Belgium, Croatia, Romania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Slovenia, Middle East and Africa.", "Futurama __knowledge__ Futurama is an American animated science fiction comedy series created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company.", "Futurama __knowledge__ The series follows the adventures of a late-20th-century New York City pizza delivery boy, Philip J. Fry, who, after being unwittingly cryogenically frozen for one thousand years, finds employment at Planet Express, an interplanetary delivery company in the retro-futuristic 31st century.", "Futurama __knowledge__ The series was envisioned by Groening in the mid-1990s while working on \"The Simpsons\"; he later brought David X. Cohen aboard to develop storylines and characters to pitch the show to Fox.", "Futurama __knowledge__ In the United States, the series aired on Fox from March 28, 1999, to August 10, 2003, before ceasing production.", "Judge Judy __knowledge__ Judge Judy is an American arbitration-based reality court show presided over by Judge Judy Sheindlin, a retired Manhattan family court judge.", "Judge Judy __knowledge__ The show features Sheindlin adjudicating real-life small claim disputes within a simulated courtroom set.", "Judge Judy __knowledge__ Prior to the proceedings, all parties involved must sign arbitration contracts agreeing to Sheindlin's ruling, handling and production staff management.", "Judge Judy __knowledge__ The series is in first-run syndication and distributed by CBS Television Distribution.", "Judge Judy __knowledge__ \"Judge Judy\", which premiered on September 16, 1996, reportedly revitalized the court show genre.", "Judge Judy __knowledge__ Only two other arbitration-based reality court shows preceded it, \"The People's Court\" (its first life canceled in 1993 from low ratings) and \"Jones & Jury\" (lasting only the 1994–95 season, short-lived from low ratings).", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The Office is an American television comedy series that aired on NBC from March 24, 2005, to May 16, 2013.", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of the original BBC series of the same name.", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ \"The Office\" was adapted for American audiences by Greg Daniels, a veteran writer for \"Saturday Night Live\", \"King of the Hill\", and \"The Simpsons\".", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ It was co-produced by Daniels' Deedle-Dee Productions, and Reveille Productions (later Shine America), in association with Universal Television.", "The Office (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The original executive producers were Greg Daniels, Howard Klein, Ben Silverman, Ricky Gervais, and Stephen Merchant, with numerous others being promoted in later seasons.", "The Daily Show __knowledge__ The Daily Show is an American late-night talk and news satire television program.", "The Daily Show __knowledge__ It airs each Monday through Thursday on Comedy Central.", "The Daily Show __knowledge__ Describing itself as a fake news program, \"The Daily Show\" draws its comedy and satire from recent news stories, political figures, media organizations, and often uses self-referential humor as well.", "The Daily Show __knowledge__ The half-hour-long show premiered on July 21, 1996, and was first hosted by Craig Kilborn until December 17, 1998.", "The Daily Show __knowledge__ Jon Stewart then took over as the host from January 11, 1999, until August 6, 2015, making the show more strongly focused on political satire and news satire, in contrast with the pop culture focus during Kilborn's tenure.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The thirteenth season of \"South Park\", an American animated television comedy series, originally aired in the United States on Comedy Central between March 11 and November 18, 2009.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season was headed by the series creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone, who served as executive producers along with Anne Garefino.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season continued to focus on the exploits of protagonists Stan, Kyle, Cartman, Kenny and Butters in the fictional Colorado mountain town of South Park.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season was the first of three new seasons Parker and Stone agreed to produce for the network under a renewal deal.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ It consisted of fourteen 22-minute episodes, which aired in two groups of seven episodes separated by a six-month gap." ] ]

[ 3, 6, 7, 3 ]

[ "I've seen it a few times, I know it is famous for its profanity and dark humor.", "That is pretty cool. Hard to believe South Park has been around since August 1997.", "Its actually one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019 at least. I don't think it's going anywhere.", "Yes, you want to make sure that you don't let your child watch it too young, as it is for mature audience only." ]

[ "South Park", "South Park", "South Park", "South Park" ]

[ "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics\nI'm a huge fan of STEM topics. How about you?", "Yeah, I think technology is the most interesting to me.", "True, technology is likely to cause increases in unemployment as automation eliminates the number of available jobs.", "What does NSF mean?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM), previously Math, Engineering, Technology, and Science (METS) is the academic discipline of science, technology, engineering and mathematics.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ This term is typically used when addressing education policy and curriculum choices in schools, to improve competitiveness in science and technology development.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ It has implications for workforce development, national security concerns and immigration policy.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ Education systems and schools play a central role in determining girls' and boys' interest in STEM subjects and in providing equal opportunities to access and benefit from quality STEM education.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ The acronym arose in common use shortly after an interagency meeting science education held at the US National Science Foundation chaired by the then NSF director Rita Colwell.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ A director from the Office of Science division of Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists, Peter Faletra, suggested the change from the older acronym METS to STEM.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ Colwell, expressing some dislike for the older acronym, responded by suggesting NSF to institute the change.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ One of the first NSF projects to use the acronym was STEMTEC, the Science, Technology, Engineering and Math Teacher Education Collaborative at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, which was funded in 1998.", "Sally Ride Science __knowledge__ Sally Ride Science at UC San Diego is a nonprofit run by the University of California, San Diego.", "Sally Ride Science __knowledge__ It was founded as a company in 2001 by Sally Ride, America's first woman in space, along with Tam O'Shaughnessy, Karen Flammer, Terry McEntee, and Alann Lopes to inspire young people in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) and to promote STEM literacy.", "Sally Ride Science __knowledge__ Sally Ride Science was relaunched at UC San Diego on October 1, 2015.", "Sally Ride Science __knowledge__ It is based at UC San Diego Extension, and its programs are coordinated jointly by UC San Diego Extension, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and San Diego Supercomputer Center.", "NASA INSPIRE __knowledge__ NASA INSPIRE (Interdisciplinary National Science Project Incorporating Research and Education Experience) was a NASA educational program operated 2009-2013 as a year-round project designed for students in ninth to 12th grade who are interested in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), topics and careers.", "NASA INSPIRE __knowledge__ The program has been terminated and no longer exists.", "NASA INSPIRE __knowledge__ Students participated in INSPIRE largely through the online learning community (OLC).", "NASA INSPIRE __knowledge__ Students met eligibility standards to apply to program.", "NASA INSPIRE __knowledge__ Those who were accepted had the opportunity to participate in a wide variety of activities, projects and challenges, some of which were on their own and some of which were undertaken collaboratively with other INSPIRE students and/or NASA personnel.", "Independent Verification and Validation Facility __knowledge__ NASA's IV&V Program was established in 1993 as part of an Agency-wide strategy to provide the highest achievable levels of safety and cost-effectiveness for mission critical software.", "Independent Verification and Validation Facility __knowledge__ NASA's IV&V Program was founded under the NASA Office of Safety and Mission Assurance (OSMA) as a direct result of recommendations made by the National Research Council (NRC) and the Report of the Presidential Commission on the Space Shuttle Challenger Accident.", "Independent Verification and Validation Facility __knowledge__ Since then, NASA's IV&V Program has experienced growth in personnel, projects, capabilities, and accomplishments.", "Independent Verification and Validation Facility __knowledge__ NASA IV&V efforts have contributed to NASA's improved safety record since the program's inception.", "Bay Area Discovery Museum __knowledge__ The Bay Area Discovery Museum is a children's museum located in Sausalito, California inside the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, which is right at the foot of the Golden Gate Bridge.", "Bay Area Discovery Museum __knowledge__ The museum's mission is \"to transform research in early learning experience that inspire creative problem solving\" so that children will gain skills to become the innovative problem solvers of tomorrow.", "Bay Area Discovery Museum __knowledge__ The museum is geared to children from 6 months to 10 years of age with different areas of the museum tailored to a specific age group.", "Bay Area Discovery Museum __knowledge__ Children have the options of exploring the 6 different sections of the museum: Art Studios, Bay Hall, Discovery Hall, Lookout Cove, Tot Spot, and Fab Lab.", "Harry Potter fandom __knowledge__ \"\"Harry Potter\" fandom\" refers to the community of fans of the \"Harry Potter\" books and movies who participate in entertainment activities that revolve around the series, such as reading and writing fan fiction, creating and soliciting fan art, engaging in role-playing games, socializing on \"Harry Potter\"-based forums, and more.", "Harry Potter fandom __knowledge__ The fandom interacts online as well as offline through activities such as fan conventions, tours of iconic landmarks relevant to the books and production of the films, and parties held for the midnight release of each book and film.", "Harry Potter fandom __knowledge__ By the fourth \"Harry Potter\" book, the legions of fans had grown so large that considerable security measures were taken to ensure that no book was purchased before the official release date.", "Neostenanthera hamata __knowledge__ Neostenanthera hamata is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family.", "Neostenanthera hamata __knowledge__ It is found in Ivory Coast, Ghana, Liberia, and Sierra Leone.", "Neostenanthera hamata __knowledge__ It is threatened by habitat loss.", "Neostenanthera robsonii __knowledge__ Neostenanthera robsonii is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family.", "Neostenanthera robsonii __knowledge__ It is endemic to Gabon." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM), previously Math, Engineering, Technology, and Science (METS) is the academic discipline of science, technology, engineering and mathematics.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ This term is typically used when addressing education policy and curriculum choices in schools, to improve competitiveness in science and technology development.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ It has implications for workforce development, national security concerns and immigration policy.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ Education systems and schools play a central role in determining girls' and boys' interest in STEM subjects and in providing equal opportunities to access and benefit from quality STEM education.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ The acronym arose in common use shortly after an interagency meeting science education held at the US National Science Foundation chaired by the then NSF director Rita Colwell.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ A director from the Office of Science division of Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists, Peter Faletra, suggested the change from the older acronym METS to STEM.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ Colwell, expressing some dislike for the older acronym, responded by suggesting NSF to institute the change.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ One of the first NSF projects to use the acronym was STEMTEC, the Science, Technology, Engineering and Math Teacher Education Collaborative at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, which was funded in 1998.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Brent Iverson __knowledge__ Brent Iverson is a programmer best known as a simulations game developer.", "Brent Iverson __knowledge__ Among his credits are the PC DOS version of Chuck Yeager's Air Combat, LHX Attack Chopper, and Jane's US Navy Fighters, all published by Electronic Arts.", "Brent Iverson __knowledge__ Iverson's experience with computers began at the age of fifteen when he went to a friend's house to play games on an Apple II.", "Brent Iverson __knowledge__ He liked working on computers but still planned to major in Art in college.", "Brent Iverson __knowledge__ However, after beginning his studies at the University of Michigan he learned that even talented artists rarely make a good living with their art, but that computer programmers make more money as a general rule.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Women in STEM fields __knowledge__ Many scholars and policymakers have noted that the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM fields) have been predominantly male occupations, with historically low participation among women, from their origin in the Age of Enlightenment to the present time.", "Women in STEM fields __knowledge__ STEM professions, like medicine, require higher education or training in nearly all cases.", "Women in STEM fields __knowledge__ Since the feminist revolution of the 1970s, the opportunities available to men and women in higher education have become broadly similar in most advanced economies.", "Women in STEM fields __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, 33% \"more\" bachelors degrees are conferred on women than men.", "Khulna University __knowledge__ Khulna University () is a public university in Bangladesh.", "Khulna University __knowledge__ It is situated at Gollamari, Khulna, Bangladesh, by the river Moyur, beside the Khulna-Satkhira highway.", "Khulna University __knowledge__ The academic programs of Khulna University started on 31 August 1991 with 80 students in four disciplines.", "Khulna University __knowledge__ Khulna University has 28 disciplines under six schools and one institute.", "Khulna University __knowledge__ It is the only university in Bangladesh where student politics is not allowed.", "Khulna University __knowledge__ Students passing the Higher Secondary Certificate examination are very much interested in their admission in Khulna University for this politics-free environment.", "Khulna University __knowledge__ Khulna is an administrative division as well as the third largest metropolitan city in Bangladesh.", "History of the New York Mets __knowledge__ The history of the New York Mets began in 1962 when the team was introduced as part of the National League's first expansion of the 20th century.", "History of the New York Mets __knowledge__ The team's history includes two World Series championships and five National League pennants.", "History of the New York Mets __knowledge__ In 1957, the Brooklyn Dodgers and New York Giants relocated from New York to California, leaving the largest city in the United States with no National League franchises.", "History of the New York Mets __knowledge__ Two years later, on July 27, 1959, attorney William Shea announced the formation of a third major baseball league, the Continental League.", "History of the New York Mets __knowledge__ He tried to get several existing clubs to move, including the Philadelphia Phillies and the Cincinnati Reds, but no National League club was interested.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District is a large, suburban, public school district located in suburban Harrisburg, Pennsylvania serving students in central and eastern Dauphin County.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It is the largest school district in the county, the largest in the greater Harrisburg metropolitan area and is the 14th largest school district in Pennsylvania.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The district serves the Boroughs of: Dauphin, Paxtang and Penbrook as well as Lower Paxton Township, Middle Paxton Township, Swatara Township and West Hanover Township.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It was created in 1954, combining four smaller districts.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District encompasses approximately .", "Nelson Diversity Surveys __knowledge__ The Nelson Diversity Surveys (NDS) are a collection of data sets that quantify the representation of women and minorities among professors, by science and engineering discipline, at research universities.", "Nelson Diversity Surveys __knowledge__ They consist of four data sets compiled by Dr. Donna Nelson, Professor of Chemistry at the University of Oklahoma during fiscal years (FY) 2002, 2005, 2007, and 2012.", "Nelson Diversity Surveys __knowledge__ These surveys were each complete populations, rather than samples.", "Nelson Diversity Surveys __knowledge__ Consequently, the Surveys quantified characteristics of the faculty which had never been revealed previously, drawing great attention from women and minorities.", "Nelson Diversity Surveys __knowledge__ Furthermore, the Surveys initially came at a time when these underrepresented groups were becoming concerned and vocal about perceived inequities in academia.", "West Perry School District __knowledge__ The West Perry School District is a midsized, public school district located in western Perry County, Pennsylvania.", "West Perry School District __knowledge__ It encompasses over , covering virtually all of the western half of the county.", "West Perry School District __knowledge__ As one of Perry County's four school districts, West Perry serves: the boroughs of Blain, New Bloomfield and Landisburg, as well as, Carroll Township, Centre Township, Jackson Township, Northeast Madison Township, Saville Township, Spring Township, Southwest Madison Township, Toboyne Township, and Tyrone Township, making it the largest school district in terms of area in Perry County.", "West Perry School District __knowledge__ According to 2008 local census data, West Perry School District had a resident population of 17,101 people." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM), previously Math, Engineering, Technology, and Science (METS) is the academic discipline of science, technology, engineering and mathematics.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ This term is typically used when addressing education policy and curriculum choices in schools, to improve competitiveness in science and technology development.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ It has implications for workforce development, national security concerns and immigration policy.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ Education systems and schools play a central role in determining girls' and boys' interest in STEM subjects and in providing equal opportunities to access and benefit from quality STEM education.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ The acronym arose in common use shortly after an interagency meeting science education held at the US National Science Foundation chaired by the then NSF director Rita Colwell.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ A director from the Office of Science division of Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists, Peter Faletra, suggested the change from the older acronym METS to STEM.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ Colwell, expressing some dislike for the older acronym, responded by suggesting NSF to institute the change.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ One of the first NSF projects to use the acronym was STEMTEC, the Science, Technology, Engineering and Math Teacher Education Collaborative at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, which was funded in 1998.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Causes of Unemployment in the United States discusses the causes of U.S. unemployment and strategies for reducing it.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Job creation and unemployment are affected by factors such as economic conditions, global competition, education, automation, and demographics.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ These factors can affect the number of workers, the duration of unemployment, and wage levels.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ There are a variety of domestic, foreign, market and government factors that impact unemployment in the United States.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ These may be characterized as cyclical (related to the business cycle) or structural (related to underlying economic characteristics) and include, among others: There are many domestic factors affecting the U.S. labor force and employment levels.", "Technological unemployment __knowledge__ Technological unemployment is the loss of jobs caused by technological change.", "Technological unemployment __knowledge__ Such change typically includes the introduction of labour-saving \"mechanical-muscle\" machines or more efficient \"mechanical-mind\" processes (automation).", "Technological unemployment __knowledge__ Just as horses employed as prime movers were gradually made obsolete by the automobile, humans' jobs have also been affected throughout modern history.", "Technological unemployment __knowledge__ Historical examples include artisan weavers reduced to poverty after the introduction of mechanised looms.", "Technological unemployment __knowledge__ During World War II, Alan Turing's Bombe machine compressed and decoded thousands of man-years worth of encrypted data in a matter of hours.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The unemployment rate is a measure of the prevalence of unemployment and it is calculated as a percentage by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by all individuals currently in the labor force.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ During periods of recession, an economy usually experiences a relatively high unemployment rate.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ According to International Labour Organization report, more than 200 million people globally or 6% of the world's workforce were without a job in 2012.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The causes of unemployment are heavily debated.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ Classical economics, new classical economics, and the Austrian School of economics argued that market mechanisms are reliable means of resolving unemployment.", "Deficit reduction in the United States __knowledge__ Deficit reduction in the United States refers to taxation, spending, and economic policy debates and proposals designed to reduce the Federal budget deficit.", "Deficit reduction in the United States __knowledge__ Government agencies including the Government Accountability Office (GAO), Congressional Budget Office (CBO), the Office of Management and Budget (OMB),and the U.S. Treasury Department have reported that the federal government is facing a series of important long-run financing challenges, mainly driven by an aging population, rising healthcare costs per person, and rising interest payments on the national debt.", "Deficit reduction in the United States __knowledge__ CBO reported in July 2014 that the continuation of present tax and spending policies for the long-run (into the 2030s) results in a budget trajectory that causes debt to grow faster than GDP, which is \"unsustainable.\"", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Unemployment in the United States discusses the causes and measures of U.S. unemployment and strategies for reducing it.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Job creation and unemployment are affected by factors such as economic conditions, global competition, education, automation, and demographics.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ These factors can affect the number of workers, the duration of unemployment, and wage levels.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Unemployment generally falls during periods of economic prosperity and rises during recessions, creating significant pressure on public finances as tax revenue falls and social safety net costs increase.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Immigration to the United States is the international movement of individuals who are not natives or do not possess citizenship in order to settle, reside, study or to take-up employment in the United States.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ It has been a major source of population growth and cultural change throughout much of the history of the United States.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The United States has a larger immigrant population than any other country, with 47 million immigrants as of 2015.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ This represents 19.1% of the 244 million international migrants worldwide, and 14.4% of the U.S. population.", "Immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The economic, social, and political aspects of immigration have caused controversy regarding ethnicity, economic benefits, jobs for non-immigrants, settlement patterns, impact on upward social mobility, crime, and voting behavior.", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ Artificial intelligence (AI, also machine intelligence, MI) is intelligence displayed by machines, in contrast with the natural intelligence (NI) displayed by humans and other animals.", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ In computer science AI research is defined as the study of \"intelligent agents\": any device that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of success at some goal.", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ Colloquially, the term \"artificial intelligence\" is applied when a machine mimics \"cognitive\" functions that humans associate with other human minds, such as \"learning\" and \"problem solving\".", "Artificial intelligence __knowledge__ See glossary of artificial intelligence.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ The first 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency began on January 20, 2017, the day Donald Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ The first 100 days of a presidential term took on symbolic significance during Franklin D. Roosevelt's first term in office, and the period is considered a benchmark to measure the early success of a president.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ The 100th day of his presidency was April 29, 2017.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ Trump first announced his plan for the first hundred days of his presidency in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, on October 23, 2016, before the election.", "First 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency __knowledge__ One of Trump's major accomplishments, made as part of a \"100-day pledge\", was the confirmation of Neil Gorsuch as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.", "Australian Intelligence Community __knowledge__ The Australian Intelligence Community (AIC) and the National Intelligence Community (NIC) or National Security Community of the Australian Government are the collectives of statutory intelligence agencies, policy departments, and other government agencies concerned with protecting and advancing the national security and national interests of the Commonwealth of Australia.", "Australian Intelligence Community __knowledge__ The intelligence and security agencies of the Australian Government have evolved since the Second World War and the Cold War and saw transformation and expansion during the Global War on Terrorism in response to current international and domestic security issues such as terrorism, violent extremism, cybersecurity, transnational crime, counter-proliferation, support to military operations, and Pacific regional instability.", "Opposition to immigration __knowledge__ Opposition to immigration exists in most states with immigration, and has become a significant political issue in many countries.", "Opposition to immigration __knowledge__ Immigration in the modern sense refers to movement of people from one state or territory to another state or territory where they are not citizens.", "Opposition to immigration __knowledge__ Illegal immigration is immigration in contravention of a state's immigration laws.", "Opposition to immigration __knowledge__ In the United States, the principal concerns expressed by those opposed to immigration are the perceived effects economic costs (job competition and burdens on education and social services); negative environmental impact from accelerated population growth; increased crime rates, and in the long run, changes in traditional identities and values.", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Illegal immigration to the United States is the entry into the United States of foreign nationals without government permission, and in violation of United States immigration laws.", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ Foreign nationals are also illegal immigrants if they continue to be in the country after their visa, or other authority to enter or be in the country, has expired.", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The United States had nearly open borders until 1924, which meant that all immigrants to the United States up to that point were legal.", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and a few other modest border regulations were enacted in the 1870s and 1880s.", "Illegal immigration to the United States __knowledge__ The \"Immigration Act of 1924\" established visa requirements and enacted quotas for immigrants from specific countries.", "Immigration to Greece __knowledge__ The percentage of foreign populations in Greece is as high as 7.1% in proportion to the total population of the country.", "Immigration to Greece __knowledge__ Moreover, between 9 and 11% of the registered Greek labor force of 4.4 million are foreigners.", "Immigration to Greece __knowledge__ Migrants additionally make up 25% of wage and salary earners.", "Immigration to Greece __knowledge__ Migrants are so plentiful that in a society with negative natural population growth, immigration has become the sole source of population increase overall.", "Immigration to Greece __knowledge__ As of 2012, Albanian migrants constitute some 55–60% or more of the immigrant population.", "Immigration to Greece __knowledge__ More recent immigrant groups, from the mid-1990s on, consist of Asian nationalities—especially Pakistani and Bangladeshi—with more recent political asylum and/or illegal migration flows through Turkey of Afghans, Iranians, Iraqis, Somali and others." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM), previously Math, Engineering, Technology, and Science (METS) is the academic discipline of science, technology, engineering and mathematics.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ This term is typically used when addressing education policy and curriculum choices in schools, to improve competitiveness in science and technology development.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ It has implications for workforce development, national security concerns and immigration policy.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ Education systems and schools play a central role in determining girls' and boys' interest in STEM subjects and in providing equal opportunities to access and benefit from quality STEM education.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ The acronym arose in common use shortly after an interagency meeting science education held at the US National Science Foundation chaired by the then NSF director Rita Colwell.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ A director from the Office of Science division of Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists, Peter Faletra, suggested the change from the older acronym METS to STEM.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ Colwell, expressing some dislike for the older acronym, responded by suggesting NSF to institute the change.", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics __knowledge__ One of the first NSF projects to use the acronym was STEMTEC, the Science, Technology, Engineering and Math Teacher Education Collaborative at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, which was funded in 1998.", "National Students Federation __knowledge__ The National Students Federation Pakistan (NSF) is a left-wing students federation in Pakistan.", "National Students Federation __knowledge__ In the late 1960s, NSF adopted the political line of Marxism–Leninism and Mao Tse-tung Thought Its predecessor, the DSF (Democratic Students Federation), had links to the Communist Party of Pakistan.", "National Students Federation __knowledge__ It had power base among progressive students from Dow Medical and DJ Science Colleges.", "National Students Federation __knowledge__ It dominated student politics in Karachi, the then Federal Capital of the country.", "National Students Federation __knowledge__ In a convention at the national level of students, held in Khaliqdina Hall, Karachi(1953), the DSF renamed itself to NSF (National Student Federation in the late 1960s), laying claim to being a national movement and hoping to spread the Student Revolution to the whole country.", "National Science Foundation Network __knowledge__ The National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) was a program of coordinated, evolving projects sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) beginning in 1985 to promote advanced research and education networking in the United States.", "National Science Foundation Network __knowledge__ NSFNET was also the name given to several nationwide backbone networks that were constructed to support NSF's networking initiatives from 1985 to 1995.", "National Science Foundation Network __knowledge__ Initially created to link researchers to the nation's NSF-funded supercomputing centers, through further public funding and private industry partnerships it developed into a major part of the Internet backbone.", "National Science Foundation __knowledge__ The National Science Foundation (NSF) is a United States government agency that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering.", "National Science Foundation __knowledge__ Its medical counterpart is the National Institutes of Health.", "National Science Foundation __knowledge__ With an annual budget of about US$7.0 billion (fiscal year 2012), the NSF funds approximately 24% of all federally supported basic research conducted by the United States' colleges and universities.", "National Science Foundation __knowledge__ In some fields, such as mathematics, computer science, economics, and the social sciences, the NSF is the major source of federal backing.", "National Science Foundation __knowledge__ The NSF's director and deputy director are appointed by the President of the United States, and confirmed by the United States Senate, whereas the 24 presidentially appointed members of the National Science Board (NSB) do not require Senate confirmation.", "NSF International __knowledge__ NSF International is an American product testing, inspection and certification organization based in Ann Arbor, Michigan.", "NSF International __knowledge__ NSF International was founded in 1944 from the University of Michigan's School of Public Health as the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) to standardize sanitation and food safety requirements.", "NSF International __knowledge__ The process established to develop NSF International's first standards regarding the sanitation of soda fountain and luncheonette equipment, became the process by which NSF International developed other public health and safety standards.", "NSF International __knowledge__ To date, NSF has developed more than 80 public health and safety American National Standards.", "Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers __knowledge__ Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers (MRSECs) are university based research centers supported by the by the MRSEC Program of the Division of Materials Research at the National Science Foundation (NSF).", "Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers __knowledge__ The centers support interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research of fundamental and technological importance and integrate research with education.", "Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers __knowledge__ MRSECs require outstanding research quality, intellectual breadth, support for research infrastructure, and education outreach.", "Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers __knowledge__ MRSECs facilitate active collaborations between academic institutions, national laboratories, and industry, as well international collaborations.", "Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis __knowledge__ Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) or nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy (NFD) is a rare and serious syndrome that involves fibrosis of skin, joints, eyes, and internal organs.", "Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis __knowledge__ The first cases were identified in 1997 and its cause is not fully understood.", "Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis __knowledge__ However, evidence suggests NSF is associated with exposure to gadolinium (with gadolinium-based MRI contrast agents being frequently used as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) in patients with severe kidney failure.", "Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis __knowledge__ Epidemiological studies suggest that the incidence of NSF is unrelated to gender, ethnicity, or age and it is not thought to have a genetic basis.", "United States security assistance to the Palestinian National Authority __knowledge__ United States security assistance to the Palestinian Authority (PA) has been provided since the Palestinian Authority was established by the Oslo Accords in the mid-1990s.", "United States security assistance to the Palestinian National Authority __knowledge__ The security assistance was given on an ad hoc basis and often covert at the outset.", "United States security assistance to the Palestinian National Authority __knowledge__ Since 2005 the U.S. State Department has provided direct financial and personnel assistance to Palestinian security organizations when they established the office of the United States Security Coordinator (USSC) for Israel and the Palestinian territories through their Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL).", "United States security assistance to the Palestinian National Authority __knowledge__ In 2007 the USSC team began training certain Palestinian Authority Security Forces (PASF) including the Palestinian National Security Forces (NSF) and the Presidential Guard with the intent to train, equip, and garrison 10 NSF battalions by the end of 2010.", "List of Wicked characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in Gregory Maguire’s series.", "List of Wicked characters __knowledge__ The protagonist of the first book, Elphaba is a green-skinned girl who later becomes known as the Wicked Witch of the West.", "List of Wicked characters __knowledge__ Her birth is shocking to her parents, Melena Thropp and Frexspar the Godly, as in addition to her green skin she had razor sharp teeth (she bites the finger off of a midwife moments after her birth) so Melena refuses to breast feed her.", "List of Wicked characters __knowledge__ Her father, a union minister, believes it is his fault and Elphaba’s condition is a punishment from the Unnamed God.", "List of Wicked characters __knowledge__ She attends Shiz University where she meets Glinda and, although they don’t get on at first, become close friends.", "Elphaba __knowledge__ Elphaba Thropp is a fictional character in \"\" by Gregory Maguire, as well as in the Broadway and West End adaptations, \"Wicked\".", "Elphaba __knowledge__ In the original L. Frank Baum book \"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz\", the Wicked Witch of the West is unnamed and little is explained about her life.", "Elphaba __knowledge__ Elphaba is modeled after the Witch portrayed by Margaret Hamilton in the classic 1939 film \"The Wizard of Oz\": green-skinned, clad entirely in black and wearing a tall peaked hat.", "Elphaba __knowledge__ Maguire formulated the name \"Elphaba\" from the phonetic pronunciation of Baum's initials L.F.B.", "Elphaba __knowledge__ In both adaptations, Elphaba is also called by several nicknames including Elphie, Fabala, Sister (Saint) Aelphaba, Auntie Witch, and Fae.", "Wicked (musical) __knowledge__ Wicked is a Broadway musical with music and lyrics by Stephen Schwartz and book by Winnie Holzman.", "Wicked (musical) __knowledge__ It is based on the 1995 Gregory Maguire novel \"\", an alternative telling of the 1939 film \"The Wizard of Oz\" and L. Frank Baum's classic 1900 novel, \"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz\".", "Wicked (musical) __knowledge__ The musical is told from the perspective of the witches of the Land of Oz; its plot begins before and continues after Dorothy's arrival in Oz from Kansas, and it includes several references to the 1939 film and Baum's novel.", "Wicked (musical) __knowledge__ \"Wicked\" tells the story of two unlikely friends, Elphaba (the Wicked Witch of the West) and Galinda (whose name later changes to Glinda the Good Witch), who struggle through opposing personalities and viewpoints, rivalry over the same love-interest, reactions to the Wizard's corrupt government and, ultimately, Elphaba's public fall from grace.", "Wicked (Maguire novel) __knowledge__ Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West is a novel published in 1995 written by Gregory Maguire and illustrated by Douglas Smith.", "Wicked (Maguire novel) __knowledge__ It is a revisionist look at the land and characters of Oz from L. Frank Baum's 1900 novel \"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz\", its sequels, and the 1939 film adaption \"The Wizard of Oz\".", "Wicked (Maguire novel) __knowledge__ Unlike the popular 1939 movie and Baum's writings, this novel is not directed at children, and contains adult language and content including violent imagery and sexual situations.", "Wicked (Maguire novel) __knowledge__ It is the first in \"The Wicked Years\" series, and was followed by \"Son of a Witch\" (published in September 2005), \"A Lion Among Men\" (published in October 2008), and \"Out of Oz\" (published in November 2011).", "Nessarose __knowledge__ Nessarose Thropp is the name of the woman who becomes the Wicked Witch of the East in \"\" by Gregory Maguire, as well as in the Broadway adaptation, \"Wicked\".", "Nessarose __knowledge__ She is the beautiful and physically handicapped younger sister of Elphaba, the Wicked Witch of the West.", "Nessarose __knowledge__ In both Maguire's novel and the musical version, the character is portrayed in a much less negative light than L. Frank Baum's original Wicked Witch of the East.", "Nessarose __knowledge__ Nessarose possesses sympathetic and admirable qualities, but these are ultimately overshadowed by her increasingly uncompromising and self-righteous nature.", "Nessarose __knowledge__ She earns her infamous title upon becoming the Ruler of Munchkinland, on account of her harsh measures and for the use of sorcery to control her subjects.", "Son of a Witch __knowledge__ Son of a Witch (2005, ) is a fantasy novel written by Gregory Maguire.", "Son of a Witch __knowledge__ The book is Maguire’s fifth revisionist story and the second set in the land of Oz originally conceived by L. Frank Baum.", "Son of a Witch __knowledge__ It is a sequel to \"\" (1995).", "Son of a Witch __knowledge__ Like \"Wicked\", \"Son of a Witch\" differs from the original series in tone: while Baum's books were intended as children's literature, \"Son of a Witch\" elaborates a darker and more mature side of the lighthearted world of Oz.", "Son of a Witch __knowledge__ In an interview that is included with the \"Son of a Witch\" audio CD, Gregory Maguire gave two reasons for writing the book: \"the many letters from young fans asking what happened to Nor, last seen as a chained political prisoner, and seeing the Abu Ghraib torture photographs.\"" ] ]

[ 1, 3, 7, 6 ]

[ "Science and technology along with math and engineering are academics and a discipline of science (METS).", "The implications for a workforce development concerns, immigration policy and national security.", "Colwell expressing dislike for older acronym responded by suggesting NSF make change.", "A director of the office of science division of the work force and the devolopment for teachers and scientists suggested change from the older acronym METS to STEM." ]

[ "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics", "Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics" ]

[ "Dog\nHello!", "I'm doing well, how about you?", "It's funny how connected we can be with our pets. I truly feel that my dog can sense my emotions!", "I know! It's fascinating how well they can be trained. One of my housemates has a therapy dog who was trained very quickly and retains his lessons well.", "I did not know that, but I believe it. They are quite in tune with their surroundings and can adapt quickly." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a song by English singer Adele, released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album, \"25\" (2015).", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Adele co-wrote the song with her producer, Greg Kurstin.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a piano ballad with soul influences, and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Upon release, the song was acclaimed by music critics, who compared it favourably to Adele's previous work and praised the song's lyrics and Adele's vocals while many critics and publications ranked it as one of the best songs of the year.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was recorded in London.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" reached number one in almost every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it became her second UK number-one single, following \"Someone like You\", and has the largest opening week sales in three years.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ String functions are used in computer programming languages to manipulate a string or query information about a string (some do both).", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ Most programming languages that have a string datatype will have some string functions although there may be other low-level ways within each language to handle strings directly.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ In object-oriented languages, string functions are often implemented as properties and methods of string objects.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ In functional and list-based languages a string is represented as a list (of character codes), therefore all list-manipulation procedures could be considered string functions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois, a village in Cook County, was discovered in April 2009 by the \"Chicago Tribune\", which reported that the city had been using a well which was contaminated with toxic chemicals as the village's drinking water for 40 years.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ In April 2009, Tim Janecyk and Tricia Krause reached out to the local newspapers.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ Tim initiated the tip to her and told her it was Crestwood officials who poisoned her family.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ She achieved all information regarding the contaminated water from her lengthy investigation.", "Water contamination in Crestwood, Illinois __knowledge__ She had done research since 1999 seeking to find answers as to why her children were plagued with life-threatening health issues for now more than 20 years.", "Oil well control __knowledge__ Oil well control is the management of the dangerous effects caused by the unexpected release of formation fluid, such as natural gas and/or crude oil, upon surface equipment of oil or gas drilling rigs and escaping into the atmosphere.", "Oil well control __knowledge__ Technically, oil well control involves preventing the formation fluid, usually referred to as kick, from entering into the wellbore during drilling.", "Oil well control __knowledge__ Formation fluid can enter the wellbore if the pressure exerted by the column of drilling fluid is not great enough to overcome the pressure exerted by the fluids in the formation being drilled.", "Oil well control __knowledge__ Oil well control also includes monitoring a well for signs of impending influx of formation fluid into the wellbore during drilling and procedures, to stop the well from flowing when it happens by taking proper remedial actions.", "Water well __knowledge__ A water well is an excavation or structure created in the ground by digging, driving, boring, or drilling to access groundwater in underground aquifers.", "Water well __knowledge__ The well water is drawn by a pump, or using containers, such as buckets, that are raised mechanically or by hand.", "Water well __knowledge__ Wells were first constructed at least eight thousand years ago and historically vary in construction from a simple scoop in the sediment of a dry watercourse to the stepwells of India, the qanats of Iran, and the shadoofs and sakiehs of India.", "Water well __knowledge__ Placing a lining in the well shaft helps create stability and linings of wood or wickerwork date back at least as far as the Iron Age.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ The World Happiness Report is a measure of happiness published by the United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ The World Happiness Report is edited by John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey Sachs.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ The 2017 edition added three associate editors; Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, Haifang Huang, and Shun Wang.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ Authors of chapters include Richard Easterlin, Edward F. Diener, Martine Durand, Nicole Fortin, Jon Hall, Valerie Møller, and many others.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ In July 2011, the UN General Assembly resolution 65/309 \"Happiness: Towards a Holistic Definition of Developmen\"t inviting member countries to measure the happiness of their people and to use the data to help guide public policy.", "Well Hall __knowledge__ Well Hall is a place to the north of Eltham in the Royal Borough of Greenwich in southeast London, England, with no present formal boundaries and located east-southeast of Charing Cross.", "Well Hall __knowledge__ In the past Well Hall was the grounds of a manor house, and then a hamlet.", "Well Hall __knowledge__ Today it is a largely residential suburb and housing estate absorbed by the development of Eltham and London.", "Well Hall __knowledge__ It is centred on the main road between Eltham and Woolwich, on which many shops and businesses are located.", "Well Hall __knowledge__ Several major A roads including the South Circular Road and A2 road pass through the area, as does a railway line, serving Eltham station which is located in Well Hall.", "The Well of Loneliness __knowledge__ The Well of Loneliness is a lesbian novel by British author Radclyffe Hall that was first published in 1928 by Jonathan Cape.", "The Well of Loneliness __knowledge__ It follows the life of Stephen Gordon, an Englishwoman from an upper-class family whose \"sexual inversion\" (homosexuality) is apparent from an early age.", "The Well of Loneliness __knowledge__ She finds love with Mary Llewellyn, whom she meets while serving as an ambulance driver in World War I, but their happiness together is marred by social isolation and rejection, which Hall depicts as typically suffered by \"inverts\", with predictably debilitating effects.", "The Well of Loneliness __knowledge__ The novel portrays \"inversion\" as a natural, God-given state and makes an explicit plea: \"Give us also the right to our existence\".", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a song by English singer Adele, released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album, \"25\" (2015).", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Adele co-wrote the song with her producer, Greg Kurstin.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a piano ballad with soul influences, and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Upon release, the song was acclaimed by music critics, who compared it favourably to Adele's previous work and praised the song's lyrics and Adele's vocals while many critics and publications ranked it as one of the best songs of the year.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was recorded in London.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" reached number one in almost every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it became her second UK number-one single, following \"Someone like You\", and has the largest opening week sales in three years.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ String functions are used in computer programming languages to manipulate a string or query information about a string (some do both).", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ Most programming languages that have a string datatype will have some string functions although there may be other low-level ways within each language to handle strings directly.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ In object-oriented languages, string functions are often implemented as properties and methods of string objects.", "Comparison of programming languages (string functions) __knowledge__ In functional and list-based languages a string is represented as a list (of character codes), therefore all list-manipulation procedures could be considered string functions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Self-disclosure is a process of communication by which one person reveals information about himself or herself to another.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The information can be descriptive or evaluative, and can include thoughts, feelings, aspirations, goals, failures, successes, fears, and dreams, as well as one's likes, dislikes, and favorites.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Social penetration theory posits that there are two dimensions to self-disclosure: breadth and depth.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Both are crucial in developing a fully intimate relationship.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The range of topics discussed by two individuals is the breadth of disclosure.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The degree to which the information revealed is private or personal is the depth of that disclosure.", "Eilistraee __knowledge__ Eilistraee, also referred to as \"The Dark Maiden\", is a fictional deity in the Forgotten Realms campaign setting of the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "Eilistraee __knowledge__ In the game world, she is a goddess in the drow pantheon, and her portfolios are song, dance, swordwork, hunting, moonlight and beauty.", "Eilistraee __knowledge__ Eilistraee's name is pronounced as EEL-iss-TRAY-yee\", \"eel-ISS-tray-ee\", \"eel-iss-tray-yee\" or \"eil-iss-tray-yee\".", "Eilistraee __knowledge__ In the Forgotten Realms campaign setting, Eilistraee is the daughter of Corellon Larethian and of Araushnee (who later took the name Lolth after being punished by Corellon), a free-spirited and kind-hearted goddess, with a fiery streak in her personality.", "Pet __knowledge__ A pet or companion animal is an animal kept primarily for a person's company, protection, or entertainment rather than as a working animal, livestock, or laboratory animal.", "Pet __knowledge__ Popular pets are often noted for their attractive appearances and their loyal or playful personalities.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets provide their owners (or guardians) both physical and emotional benefits.", "Pet __knowledge__ Walking a dog can supply both the human and pet with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets can give companionship to elderly adults who do not have adequate social interaction with other people, as well as to other people who are living alone.", "Empathy __knowledge__ Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within the other person's frame of reference, i.e., the capacity to place oneself in another's position.", "Empathy __knowledge__ There are many definitions for empathy that encompass a broad range of emotional states.", "Empathy __knowledge__ Types of empathy include cognitive empathy, emotional empathy, and empathy.", "Empathy __knowledge__ The English word \"empathy\" is derived from the Ancient Greek word εμπάθεια (\"empatheia\", meaning \"physical affection or passion\").", "Empathy __knowledge__ This, in turn, comes from εν (\"en\", \"in, at\") and πάθος (\"pathos\", \"passion\" or \"suffering\").", "Empathy __knowledge__ The term was adapted by Hermann Lotze and Robert Vischer to create the German word \"Einfühlung\" (\"feeling into\"), which was translated by Edward B. Titchener into the English term empathy.", "Belongingness __knowledge__ Belongingness is the human emotional need to be an accepted member of a group.", "Belongingness __knowledge__ Whether it is family, friends, co-workers, a religion, or something else, people tend to have an 'inherent' desire to belong and be an important part of something greater than themselves.", "Belongingness __knowledge__ This implies a relationship that is greater than simple acquaintance or familiarity.", "Belongingness __knowledge__ The need to belong is the need to give and receive attention to and from others.", "Belongingness __knowledge__ Belonging is a strong and inevitable feeling that exists in human nature.", "Belongingness __knowledge__ To belong or not to belong can occur due to choices of one's self, or the choices of others.", "Belongingness __knowledge__ Not everyone has the same life and interests, hence not everyone belongs to the same thing or person.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the American animated children's television series, \"Wonder Pets!\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ It debuted on March 3, 2006, on the Nick Jr. block of the Nickelodeon cable television network and Noggin (now Nick Jr.) on December 27, 2006.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ 1.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ Save the Dolphin!/Save the Chimp!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Air Date 9/18/06) The Wonder Pets travel to Hawaii to save a baby dolphin caught in a fishing net who is in danger of drowning.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The Wonder Pets rig their Flyboat for space travel and head for the stars to rescue a baby chimp whose spaceship is about to be hit by a meteor!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Fact: Christine Ka'aloa plays the mother dolphin in this first episode.)", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Microsoft Intune __knowledge__ Microsoft Intune (formerly Windows Intune) is a Microsoft cloud-based management solution which was introduced in July 2011 at CeBIT.", "Microsoft Intune __knowledge__ Microsoft Intune is a cloud service that provides mobile device management, mobile application management, and PC management capabilities.", "Microsoft Intune __knowledge__ Intune’s mobile productivity management capabilities help organizations provide their employees access to corporate data, applications, and resources, while helping to protect their corporate information.", "Microsoft Intune __knowledge__ Intune supports Windows, Windows Mobile, iOS, Android, and Mac OS X devices and provides several options for protecting corporate data on these devices.", "Dog health __knowledge__ The health of dogs is a well studied area in veterinary medicine.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Infectious diseases that affect dogs are important not only from a veterinary standpoint, but also because of the risk to public health; an example of this is rabies.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Genetic disorders also affect dogs, often due to selective breeding to produce individual dog breeds.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Due to the popularity of both commercial and homemade dog foods, nutrition is also a heavily studied subject.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Some diseases and other health problems are common to both humans and dogs; others are unique to dogs and other animals.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Dogs are susceptible to various diseases; similarly to humans, they can have diabetes, epilepsy, cancer, or arthritis.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ The gray wolf (\"Canis lupus\"), also known as the timber wolf or western wolf, is a canine native to the wilderness and remote areas of Eurasia and North America.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ It is the largest extant member of its family, with males averaging and females .", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Like the red wolf, it is distinguished from other \"Canis\" species by its larger size and less pointed features, particularly on the ears and muzzle.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Its winter fur is long and bushy and predominantly a mottled gray in color, although nearly pure white, red, and brown to black also occur.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ \"Mammal Species of the World\" (3rd ed., 2005), a standard reference work in zoology, recognises 38 subspecies of \"C. lupus\"..Gray wolfs are pack hunters." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Angel (therapy dog) __knowledge__ Angel (born March 9, 2009) is a one-eyed, three legged therapy dog and the Official Therapy Dog of Houston, Texas.", "Angel (therapy dog) __knowledge__ The female Golden Retriever works at Houston Methodist Hospital, Memorial Hermann Hospital (Children's and Southwest facilities), Sheltering Arms Assisted Care and Hampton Assisted Care.", "Angel (therapy dog) __knowledge__ She also works with University of Houston students and is an active member of Faithful Paws, an organization sponsored by Bellaire United Methodist Church with human-pet teams that visit 120 facilities in and around Houston.", "Angel (therapy dog) __knowledge__ Angel is the animal companion of Trish Herrera of the band Mydolls.", "Angel (therapy dog) __knowledge__ Angel was born an only puppy, a rarity in Golden Retrievers, at the kennel of breeder Barbara Shapley.", "Therapy dog __knowledge__ A therapy dog is a dog that might be trained to provide affection, comfort and love to people in hospitals, retirement homes, nursing homes, schools, hospices, disaster areas, and to people with anxiety disorders or autism.", "Therapy dog __knowledge__ Therapy dogs are usually not assistance or service dogs, but can be one or both with some organizations.", "Therapy dog __knowledge__ In the U.S., therapy dogs are not service animals and are not afforded the same privileges as service animals are.", "Therapy dog __knowledge__ The systematic use of therapy dogs is attributed to Elaine Smith, who worked as a registered nurse.", "Therapy dog __knowledge__ Smith noticed how well patients responded to visits by a chaplain and his Golden Retriever.", "Pinoy Big Brother: All In __knowledge__ Pinoy Big Brother: All In is the first special and eleventh season overall of \"Pinoy Big Brother\".", "Pinoy Big Brother: All In __knowledge__ Toni Gonzaga, Bianca Gonzalez, Robi Domingo, and John Prats reprised their roles as hosts.", "Pinoy Big Brother: All In __knowledge__ For the first time in the history of Big Brother Worldwide, the Regular, Celebrities and Teen housemates lived together inside the Big Brother house.", "Pinoy Big Brother: All In __knowledge__ The show aired on April 27, 2014 on ABS-CBN, replacing \"\".", "Pinoy Big Brother: All In __knowledge__ The show aired 10:15 p.m. (PST) every Mondays to Fridays; 9:30 p.m. (PST) every Saturdays; and 9:45 p.m. (PST) every Sundays.", "Pinoy Big Brother: All In __knowledge__ Nineteen housemates had entered the house, 17 on Day 1, and two on Days 21 and 49, and the season lasted 120 days, ending on August 24, 2014.", "Big Brother Germany (season 10) __knowledge__ The tenth season of \"Big Brother Germany\" began on 11 January 2010 and ended on 9 August 2010, having lasted 211 days.", "Big Brother Germany (season 10) __knowledge__ The season was originally set to end on 6 June 2010.", "Big Brother Germany (season 10) __knowledge__ The winner received the €250,000 grand prize, the 2nd place won a car and the 3rd place received a holiday.", "Big Brother Germany (season 10) __knowledge__ Alexandra Bechtel returned as the hostess of Big Brother Germany, after hosting the seasons 2 to 4.", "Big Brother Germany (season 10) __knowledge__ The logo for this anniversary season resembled the flag of Germany itself.", "Big Brother Germany (season 10) __knowledge__ In advertisements it was announced that there will be 12 housemates entering on Launch Night, the highest amount of housemates entering on Day 1 since Series 3.", "Big Brother 1 (UK) __knowledge__ Big Brother 2000, also referred to as Big Brother 1, was the first series of the British reality television show \"Big Brother\".", "Big Brother 1 (UK) __knowledge__ The show is based on an originally Dutch TV series of the same name created by producer John de Mol in 1997.", "Big Brother 1 (UK) __knowledge__ The series premiered on 18 July 2000, and lasted for a total of 64 days.", "Big Brother 1 (UK) __knowledge__ It concluded on 15 September 2000 when Craig Phillips was crowned the winner.", "Big Brother 1 (UK) __knowledge__ The series revolved around a group of strangers living in a custom built house with no contact with the outside world.", "Big Brother 1 (UK) __knowledge__ Each week, the housemates are required to nominate two people for eviction.", "Big Brother 1 (UK) __knowledge__ The two or more people with the most votes were nominated to leave the House.", "Pinoy Big Brother: Lucky 7 __knowledge__ Pinoy Big Brother: Lucky 7, also known as Pinoy Big Brother: Lucky Season 7, was the thirteenth and the longest season of \"Pinoy Big Brother\"—the Philippine version of \"Big Brother\".", "Pinoy Big Brother: Lucky 7 __knowledge__ This is the third special season overall.", "Pinoy Big Brother: Lucky 7 __knowledge__ The show premiered on July 11, 2016 and lasted until March 5, 2017.", "Pinoy Big Brother: Lucky 7 __knowledge__ Toni Gonzaga-Soriano, Bianca Gonzalez-Intal and Robi Domingo reprised their roles as hosts.", "Pinoy Big Brother: Lucky 7 __knowledge__ Mariel Rodriguez-Padilla returned as host after her absence since \"\".", "Pinoy Big Brother: Lucky 7 __knowledge__ During the season, Toni Gonzaga and Mariel Rodriguez took a maternity leave due to pregnancy.", "Pinoy Big Brother: Lucky 7 __knowledge__ However, Gonzaga returned as a regular host when the Dream Team housemates entered the house.", "Big Brother 9 (Australia) __knowledge__ Big Brother Australia 2012, also known as Big Brother 9, was the ninth season of the Australian reality television series, \"Big Brother Australia\".", "Big Brother 9 (Australia) __knowledge__ It was the first to air on the Nine Network who signed a deal with Southern Star Group in September 2011 to broadcast the show.", "Big Brother 9 (Australia) __knowledge__ The season began with a pre-recorded launch show on 13 August 2012.", "Big Brother 9 (Australia) __knowledge__ Benjamin Norris was announced the winner of the ninth season on 7 November 2012, making him the first openly gay person to win \"Big Brother Australia\".", "Big Brother 9 (Australia) __knowledge__ Benjamin proposed to his boyfriend, also named Ben, during the show's finale.", "Big Brother 9 (Australia) __knowledge__ This season introduced Sonia Kruger as the new host of \"Big Brother\".", "Pet __knowledge__ A pet or companion animal is an animal kept primarily for a person's company, protection, or entertainment rather than as a working animal, livestock, or laboratory animal.", "Pet __knowledge__ Popular pets are often noted for their attractive appearances and their loyal or playful personalities.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets provide their owners (or guardians) both physical and emotional benefits.", "Pet __knowledge__ Walking a dog can supply both the human and pet with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets can give companionship to elderly adults who do not have adequate social interaction with other people, as well as to other people who are living alone.", "John J. Ensminger __knowledge__ John J. Ensminger is an American attorney and a national consultant on legal issues involving skilled dogs and their handlers.", "John J. Ensminger __knowledge__ He is author of the books: \"Service and Therapy Dogs in American Society: Science, Law and the Evolution of Canine Caregivers\", and \"Police and Military Dogs: Criminal Detection, Forensic Evidence, and Judicial Admissibility\".", "John J. Ensminger __knowledge__ He is editor of \"The Complete Book of Dogs\", editor of and contributor to \"Canine Olfaction Science and Law: Advances in Forensic Science, Medicine, Conservation, and Environmental Remediation\", editor of \"Money Laundering, Terrorism and Financial Institutions\", a treatise which he updates monthly with a newsletter as an information service to attorneys covering laws, regulations and compliance issues surrounding the USA PATRIOT Act, a contributor to GPSolo Magazine, and \"Tax Notes\" as well as a contributing editor on canine legal issues which may be found on the website of the Animal Legal and Historical Center of Michigan State University.", "Assistance dog __knowledge__ In general, an assistance dog is trained to aid or assist an individual with a disability.", "Assistance dog __knowledge__ Many are trained by an assistance dog organization, or by their handler, often with the help of a professional trainer.", "Assistance dog __knowledge__ Assistance dogs fall into two broad categories: service dogs and facility dogs.", "Assistance dog __knowledge__ Service dogs are defined by the Americans with Disabilities Act as dogs that are individually trained to do work or perform tasks for people with disabilities.", "Assistance dog __knowledge__ State and local governments, businesses, and nonprofit organizations that serve the public generally must allow service animals to accompany people with disabilities in all areas of the facility where the public is normally allowed to go.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging.", "Irish Setter __knowledge__ The Irish Setter (, literally \"red setter\") is a setter, a breed of gundog, and family dog.", "Irish Setter __knowledge__ The term \"Irish Setter\" is commonly used to encompass the show-bred dog recognised by the American Kennel Club as well as the field-bred Red Setter recognised by the Field Dog Stud Book.", "Irish Setter __knowledge__ The coat is moderately long, silky, and of a red or chestnut color.", "Irish Setter __knowledge__ It requires frequent brushing to maintain its condition and keep it mat-free.", "Irish Setter __knowledge__ The undercoat is abundant in winter weather, and the top coat is fine.", "Irish Setter __knowledge__ Their coats should also feather in places such as the tail, ears, chest, legs, and body.", "Irish Setter __knowledge__ Irish Setters range in height from , males weigh and females ." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Bird control __knowledge__ Bird control is the generic name for methods to eliminate or deter pest birds from landing, roosting and nesting.", "Bird control __knowledge__ Bird control is important because pest birds can create health-related problems through their feces, including histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and psittacosis.", "Bird control __knowledge__ Bird droppings may also cause damage to property and equipment.", "Bird control __knowledge__ Birds also frequently steal from crops and fruit orchards.", "Bird control __knowledge__ Methods of bird control include physical deterrents, visual deterrents, sonic devices, trained birds of prey (falconry), chemicals, contraceptives and active barriers, among others.", "Bird control __knowledge__ Birds usually adapt quickly to most static bird control devices because the birds adapt after exposure to false threats.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Military brat (U.S. subculture) __knowledge__ \"Military brat\" and various \"brat\" derivatives describe the child of a parent or parents serving full-time in the United States Armed Forces, and can also refer to the subculture and lifestyle of such families.", "Military brat (U.S. subculture) __knowledge__ The term refers to both current and former children of such families.", "Military brat (U.S. subculture) __knowledge__ The military brat lifestyle typically involves moving to new states or countries many times while growing up, as the child's military family is customarily transferred to new non-combat assignments; consequently, many military brats never have a home town.", "Military brat (U.S. subculture) __knowledge__ War-related family stresses are also a commonly occurring part of military brat life.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Tenctonese __knowledge__ The Tenctonese, also known as Newcomers, are the main fictional humanoid species in the \"Alien Nation franchise\", including the 1988 film, the subsequent television series, and spinoff media.", "Tenctonese __knowledge__ They are from the planet Tencton, though references to numerous slave colonies throughout the series and telemovies indicate that they are widespread beyond their own planet.", "Tenctonese __knowledge__ They are easily distinguished from humans by their hairless, spotted heads and lack of external ears.", "Tenctonese __knowledge__ According to the show, more than a quarter of a million Tenctonese reside on Earth in the United States, mostly in the Los Angeles area.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II __knowledge__ The United Kingdom, along with most of its Dominions and Crown colonies declared war on Nazi Germany in September 1939, after the German invasion of Poland.", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II __knowledge__ War with Japan began in December 1941, after it attacked British colonies in Asia.", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II __knowledge__ The Axis powers were defeated by the Allies in 1945.", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II __knowledge__ For the domestic history see home fronts during World War II and Timeline of the United Kingdom home front during World War II.", "Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II __knowledge__ Although the UK had increased military spending and funding prior to 1939 in response to the increasing strength of Germany under the Nazi Party, its forces were still weak by comparison, especially the British Army.", "Mildred Stratton Wilson __knowledge__ Mildred Stratton Wilson (April 25, 1909 – August 6, 1973) was an American zoologist, whose work on copepods was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1955.", "Mildred Stratton Wilson __knowledge__ Mildred Evelyn Stratton was born in Seaside, Oregon, the daughter of Clark Stratton and Ella Bock Stratton.", "Mildred Stratton Wilson __knowledge__ Her father ran a confectionery shop; her mother was a Danish immigrant.", "Mildred Stratton Wilson __knowledge__ She was raised there and in Everett, Washington.", "Mildred Stratton Wilson __knowledge__ Stratton graduated from Marysville High School in 1925.", "Mildred Stratton Wilson __knowledge__ She earned a teaching certificate in 1927, and taught in Marysville; meanwhile she attended summer plant biology courses at Puget Sound Biological Station.", "Mildred Stratton Wilson __knowledge__ In 1936 she enrolled at the University of California at Berkeley.", "Château de Beauregard, Loire Valley __knowledge__ The Château de Beauregard is a Renaissance castle in the Loire Valley in France.", "Château de Beauregard, Loire Valley __knowledge__ It is located on the territory of the commune of Cellettes, a little south of the city of Blois and a few miles from other famous Loire châteaux such as Cheverny.", "Château de Beauregard, Loire Valley __knowledge__ Although still inhabited, it can be visited by tourists.", "Château de Beauregard, Loire Valley __knowledge__ The castle is renowned for its Gallery of portraits decorated in the 17th century with 327 portraits of famous people.", "Château de Beauregard, Loire Valley __knowledge__ Most of the castle was built around 1545, when it was bought by Jean du Thiers, Lord of Menars, and Secretary of State to Henri II.", "Château de Beauregard, Loire Valley __knowledge__ The commissioned interior included frescoes on the fireplace of the royal chamber, which have survived.", "Samuel O. Thier __knowledge__ Samuel Osiah Thier (born June 23, 1937) is professor of Medicine and Health Care Policy at Harvard University.", "Samuel O. Thier __knowledge__ He previously served as the president of Brandeis University from 1991–1994 and the president of the Massachusetts General Hospital from 1994-96.", "Samuel O. Thier __knowledge__ Thier is an authority on internal medicine and kidney disease and is also known for his expertise in national health policy, medical education and biomedical research.", "Samuel O. Thier __knowledge__ Thier was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1937.", "Samuel O. Thier __knowledge__ He attended Cornell University, and then earned a Doctor of Medicine degree in 1960 from the State University of New York at Syracuse.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ A number of hypotheses exist on many of the key issues regarding the domestication of the horse.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ Although horses appeared in Paleolithic cave art as early as 30,000 BCE, these were wild horses and were probably hunted for meat.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ How and when horses became domesticated is disputed.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ The clearest evidence of early use of the horse as a means of transport is from chariot burials dated c. 2000 BCE.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ However, an increasing amount of evidence supports the hypothesis that horses were domesticated in the Eurasian Steppes approximately 3500 BCE; recent discoveries in the context of the Botai culture suggest that Botai settlements in the Akmola Province of Kazakhstan are the location of the earliest domestication of the horse.", "Domestication __knowledge__ Domestication is a sustained multi-generational relationship in which one group of organisms assumes a significant degree of influence over the reproduction and care of another group to secure a more predictable supply of resources from that second group.", "Domestication __knowledge__ Charles Darwin recognized the small number of traits that made domestic species different from their wild ancestors.", "Domestication __knowledge__ He was also the first to recognize the difference between conscious selective breeding in which humans directly select for desirable traits, and unconscious selection where traits evolve as a by-product of natural selection or from selection on other traits." ] ]

[ 0, 4, 7, 3, 6 ]

[ "Hello, how are you doing today?", "Just playing with my dog, and looked up that how dogs are so intune with their humans, even to the diet they eat.", "I am just amazed at how many things that a dog can be used for, companionship, protections, handicap, therapy dogs in certain scenerious.", "Did you also know that they were one of the first species to be domesticated and breeded for thier sensory.", "I have a fat one, and a skinny one, one is smart and the other silly, there are so many types out there." ]

[ "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog" ]

[ "Shift work", "I did that once when I worked at Walmart", "Is that true? Wow! How did they figure that out", "You think Night work increases Stress and that may exacerbate cancer indicators?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work is an employment practice designed to make use of, or provide service across, all 24 hours of the clock each day of the week (often abbreviated as \"24/7\").", "Shift work __knowledge__ The practice typically sees the day divided into shifts, set periods of time during which different groups of workers perform their duties.", "Shift work __knowledge__ The term \"shift work\" includes both long-term night shifts and work schedules in which employees change or rotate shifts.", "Shift work __knowledge__ In medicine and epidemiology, shift work is considered a risk factor for some health problems in some individuals, as disruption to circadian rhythms may increase the probability of developing cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment, diabetes, and obesity, among other conditions.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work can also contribute to strain in marital, family, and personal relationships.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work increases the risk for the development of many disorders.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work sleep disorder is a circadian rhythm sleep disorder characterized by insomnia, excessive sleepiness, or both.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work is considered essential for the diagnosis.", "Shift work __knowledge__ The risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 is increased in shift workers, especially men.", "Shift work __knowledge__ People working rotating shifts are more vulnerable than others.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Women whose work involves night shifts have a 48% increased risk of developing breast cancer." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work is an employment practice designed to make use of, or provide service across, all 24 hours of the clock each day of the week (often abbreviated as \"24/7\").", "Shift work __knowledge__ The practice typically sees the day divided into shifts, set periods of time during which different groups of workers perform their duties.", "Shift work __knowledge__ The term \"shift work\" includes both long-term night shifts and work schedules in which employees change or rotate shifts.", "Shift work __knowledge__ In medicine and epidemiology, shift work is considered a risk factor for some health problems in some individuals, as disruption to circadian rhythms may increase the probability of developing cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment, diabetes, and obesity, among other conditions.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work can also contribute to strain in marital, family, and personal relationships.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work increases the risk for the development of many disorders.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work sleep disorder is a circadian rhythm sleep disorder characterized by insomnia, excessive sleepiness, or both.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work is considered essential for the diagnosis.", "Shift work __knowledge__ The risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 is increased in shift workers, especially men.", "Shift work __knowledge__ People working rotating shifts are more vulnerable than others.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Women whose work involves night shifts have a 48% increased risk of developing breast cancer.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., doing business as Walmart, is an American multinational retail corporation that operates a chain of hypermarkets, discount department stores, and grocery stores.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas, the company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962 and incorporated on October 31, 1969.", "Walmart __knowledge__ It also owns and operates Sam's Club retail warehouses.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Walmart has 11,703 stores and clubs in 28countries, operating under 59 differentnames.", "Walmart __knowledge__ The company operates under the name Walmart in the United States and Canada, as Walmart de México y Centroamérica in Mexico and Central America, as Asda in the United Kingdom, as the Seiyu Group in Japan, and as Best Price in India.", "Criticism of Walmart __knowledge__ Walmart has been criticized by groups and individuals, including labor unions and small-town advocates protesting against Walmart policies and business practices and their effects.", "Criticism of Walmart __knowledge__ Criticisms include charges of racial and gender discrimination, foreign product sourcing, treatment of product suppliers, environmental practices, the use of public subsidies, and the company's security policies.", "Criticism of Walmart __knowledge__ Walmart denies any wrongdoing and says that low prices are the result of efficiency.", "Criticism of Walmart __knowledge__ In 2005, labor unions created new organizations and websites to criticize the company, including Wake Up Wal-Mart (United Food and Commercial Workers) and Walmart Watch (Service Employees International Union).", "Walmart Canada __knowledge__ Walmart Canada Corp. is the Canadian division of Walmart which is headquartered in Mississauga, Ontario.", "Walmart Canada __knowledge__ It was founded on March 17, 1994 with the purchase of the Woolco Canada chain from the F. W. Woolworth Company.", "Walmart Canada __knowledge__ Originally consisting of discount stores, Walmart Canada's contemporaries include Hart Stores, and Giant Tiger.", "Walmart Canada __knowledge__ It also competes in many areas with Home Hardware, Canadian Tire and Dollarama.", "Walmart Canada __knowledge__ Walmart Canada's six Sam's Club stores (2006-2009, only in Ontario) competed with warehouse club Costco and hypermarket Real Canadian Superstore.", "Walmart Canada __knowledge__ Based on the success of the US format, Walmart Canada has focused on expanding Supercentres from new or converted locations, offering groceries which puts them in the same market as supermarket chains such as Loblaws, Real Canadian Superstore, Metro, Sobeys, Thrifty Foods, Safeway, Save-On-Foods, Country Grocer, Fairway Markets, Quality Foods, Co-op and others.", "History of Walmart __knowledge__ This article covers the history of Walmart, the large international discount retail chain.", "History of Walmart __knowledge__ In 1950, Sam Walton purchased a store from Luther E. Harrison in Bentonville, Arkansas, and opened Walton's 5 & 10.", "History of Walmart __knowledge__ Thus, the Ozark Mountain town of 2,900 residents would become the headquarters for the world's largest retailer.", "History of Walmart __knowledge__ At some point Sam Walton made the decision to achieve higher sales volumes by keeping sales prices lower than his competitors by reducing his profit margin.", "History of Walmart __knowledge__ Inspired by the successes of other discount department store chains, Walton opened the second store in Harrison, Arkansas that year.", "Doug McMillon __knowledge__ Carl Douglas McMillon (born October 17, 1966) is an American businessman and is the president and chief executive officer (CEO) of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.", "Doug McMillon __knowledge__ He sits on the retailer's board of directors.", "Doug McMillon __knowledge__ Having first joined the company as a summer associate in high school, he became the company's fifth CEO in 2014.", "Doug McMillon __knowledge__ He previously led the company's Sam's Club division, from 2005 to 2009, and Walmart International, from 2009 to 2013.", "Doug McMillon __knowledge__ McMillon was born in Memphis, Tennessee, and grew up in Jonesboro, Arkansas, the eldest of three children born to Laura and Morris McMillon, a dentist who served in Vietnam.", "Walmart de México y Centroamérica __knowledge__ Walmart's Mexico division, the largest outside the U.S. as of October 31, 2017, consists of 2,317 stores around the country, including 262 Walmart Supercenters stores and 161 Sam's Club stores.", "Walmart de México y Centroamérica __knowledge__ It has been traded in the Mexican Stock Exchange since 1977 (as Cifra).", "Walmart de México y Centroamérica __knowledge__ Wal-Mart de México y Centroamérica is the biggest retailer in Latin America.", "Walmart de México y Centroamérica __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1952 as Cifra by Jerónimo Arango.", "Walmart de México y Centroamérica __knowledge__ In 1991, Cifra and Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. signed a joint venture agreement.", "Walmart de México y Centroamérica __knowledge__ This agreement allowed cooperation between the two companies and the opening of Walmart stores and Sam's Clubs in Mexico.", "Walmart de México y Centroamérica __knowledge__ In 1997, Walmart increased its stake by acquiring 51% of Cifra.", "Asda __knowledge__ Asda Stores Ltd. trading as Asda, is a British supermarket retailer, headquartered in Leeds, West Yorkshire.", "Asda __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1965 when the supermarket owning Asquith family merged with the Associated Dairies company of Yorkshire.", "Asda __knowledge__ It expanded in to the south of England during the 1970s and 1980s, and acquired Allied Carpets, 61 large Gateway Supermarkets and other businesses, such as MFI, then during the 1990s, sold off its acquisitions to concentrate on the supermarkets.", "Asda __knowledge__ It became a subsidiary of the American retail corporate giant Walmart after a £6.7 billion takeover in July 1999, and was the second-largest supermarket chain in Britain between 2003 and 2014 by market share, and is currently third behind Tesco and Sainsbury's.", "Shift plan __knowledge__ The shift plan, rota or roster (esp.", "Shift plan __knowledge__ British) is the central component of a shift schedule in shift work.", "Shift plan __knowledge__ The schedule includes considerations of shift overlap, shift change times and alignment with the clock, vacation, training, shift differentials, holidays, etc.", "Shift plan __knowledge__ The shift plan determines the sequence of work (W) and free (F) days within a shift system.", "Shift plan __knowledge__ A notation used often identifies day (D), swing (S) and night (N) shifts for the W days and O (off) for rest days.", "Shift plan __knowledge__ Note that a worker transitioning from N to O works for the first six or seven hours of the first day \"off\".", "Shift plan __knowledge__ Thus, when days off follow night shifts, the first one or more days \"off\" are, in fact, days of recovery from lack of nighttime sleep.", "Shift work sleep disorder __knowledge__ Shift work sleep disorder (SWSD) is a circadian rhythm sleep disorder characterized by insomnia and excessive sleepiness affecting people whose work hours overlap with the typical sleep period.", "Shift work sleep disorder __knowledge__ There are numerous shift work schedules, and they may be permanent, intermittent, or rotating; consequently, the manifestations of SWSD are quite variable.", "Shift work sleep disorder __knowledge__ The primary symptoms of shift work sleep disorder are insomnia and excessive sleepiness associated with working (and sleeping) at non-standard times.", "Shift work sleep disorder __knowledge__ Shift work sleep disorder is also associated with falling asleep at work.", "Shift work sleep disorder __knowledge__ Total daily sleep time is usually shortened and sleep quality is less in those who work night shifts compared to those who work day shifts.", "Sleep inversion __knowledge__ Sleep inversion or sleep-wake inversion is a reversal of sleeping tendencies.", "Sleep inversion __knowledge__ Individuals experiencing sleep-wake inversion exchange diurnal habits for nocturnal habits, meaning they are active at night and sleep during the day.", "Sleep inversion __knowledge__ Sleep-wake inversion, when involuntary, can be a sign of a serious disorder.", "Sleep inversion __knowledge__ Circadian rhythm sleep disorder involves an alteration of an individual's circadian system or a mismatch between a person's natural, or endogenous, circadian system and the external, or exogenous, demands placed on it.", "Sleep inversion __knowledge__ It can lead to insomnia at certain times of the day or excessive sleepiness throughout the day.", "Somnolence __knowledge__ Somnolence (alternatively \"sleepiness\" or \"drowsiness\") is a state of strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods (compare hypersomnia).", "Somnolence __knowledge__ It has distinct meanings and causes.", "Somnolence __knowledge__ It can refer to the usual state preceding falling asleep, the condition of being in a drowsy state due to circadian rhythm disorders, or a symptom of other health problems.", "Somnolence __knowledge__ It can be accompanied by lethargy, weakness, and lack of mental agility.", "Somnolence __knowledge__ Somnolence is often viewed as a symptom rather than a disorder by itself.", "Somnolence __knowledge__ However, the concept of somnolence recurring at certain times for certain reasons constitutes various disorders, such as excessive daytime sleepiness, shift work sleep disorder, and others; and there are medical codes for somnolence as viewed as a disorder.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ Hey Hey It's Saturday was a long-running variety television program on Australian television.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ It initially ran for 27 years on the Nine Network from on 9 October 1971 to 20 November 1999 (there was a recess in 1978).", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ Its host throughout its entire run was Daryl Somers, who later also became executive producer of the program.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ The original producer, Gavin Disney, left the program in the 1980s and Somers then jointly formed his own production company, \"Somers Carroll Productions\", with on-screen partner Ernie Carroll, the performer of Somers' puppet sidekick Ossie Ostrich.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ On 25 July 2009, the Nine Network announced the show would return for two reunion specials in late 2009 and hinted if they rated strongly, the show could return full-time.", "Atanu Kumar Pati __knowledge__ Atanu Kumar Pati is an Indian zoologist.", "Atanu Kumar Pati __knowledge__ Pati did his B.Sc.", "Atanu Kumar Pati __knowledge__ from Utkal University and M.Sc.", "Atanu Kumar Pati __knowledge__ (1977) and Ph.D. (1982) in Zoology from Banaras Hindu University.", "Atanu Kumar Pati __knowledge__ He has also received the UGC Research Award in 2002.", "Atanu Kumar Pati __knowledge__ He has also been elected as Fellow of the \"National Academy of Sciences\" (FNASc), India in 2003.", "Atanu Kumar Pati __knowledge__ Currently he is the President of the \"Indian Society for Chronobiology\".", "Atanu Kumar Pati __knowledge__ He served the \"International Society of Subterranean Biology\" as its Council Member, from 2004-2010.", "Atanu Kumar Pati __knowledge__ He is also Professor, Head, Dean, School of Life Sciences \"Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University\".", "Atanu Kumar Pati __knowledge__ BSc (1975) - Utkal University; MSc (1977) - Banaras Hindu University; PhD (1982) - Banaras Hindu University; Cours de Chronobiologie (1986) - L’Université V, Paris." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work is an employment practice designed to make use of, or provide service across, all 24 hours of the clock each day of the week (often abbreviated as \"24/7\").", "Shift work __knowledge__ The practice typically sees the day divided into shifts, set periods of time during which different groups of workers perform their duties.", "Shift work __knowledge__ The term \"shift work\" includes both long-term night shifts and work schedules in which employees change or rotate shifts.", "Shift work __knowledge__ In medicine and epidemiology, shift work is considered a risk factor for some health problems in some individuals, as disruption to circadian rhythms may increase the probability of developing cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment, diabetes, and obesity, among other conditions.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work can also contribute to strain in marital, family, and personal relationships.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work increases the risk for the development of many disorders.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work sleep disorder is a circadian rhythm sleep disorder characterized by insomnia, excessive sleepiness, or both.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work is considered essential for the diagnosis.", "Shift work __knowledge__ The risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 is increased in shift workers, especially men.", "Shift work __knowledge__ People working rotating shifts are more vulnerable than others.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Women whose work involves night shifts have a 48% increased risk of developing breast cancer.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ WOW - Women Of Wrestling, aka WOW!, is a women's professional wrestling promotion founded in 2000 by David McLane, previously the founder of Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ It is based in Los Angeles, California, and is owned by McLane and Los Angeles Lakers owner and president Jeanie Buss.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ The promotion launched a series of syndicated programs in the 2000-01 television seasons in 102 TV markets using a similar format of character driven performers, with names befitting a comic book series, such as Jungle Grrrl, an inmate tag-team complete with orange jump suits named Caged Heat, a Hollywood starlet named Lana Star, and the Persian Princess.", "Risk factors for breast cancer __knowledge__ Risk factors for breast cancer may be divided into preventable and non-preventable.", "Risk factors for breast cancer __knowledge__ Their study belongs in the field of epidemiology.", "Risk factors for breast cancer __knowledge__ Breast cancer, like other forms of cancer, can result from multiple environmental and hereditary risk factors.", "Risk factors for breast cancer __knowledge__ The term \"environmental\", as used by cancer researchers, means any risk factor that is not genetically inherited.", "Risk factors for breast cancer __knowledge__ For breast cancer, the list of environmental risk factors includes the individual person's development, exposure to microbes, \"medical interventions, dietary exposures to nutrients, energy and toxicants, ionizing radiation, and chemicals from industrial and agricultural processes and from consumer products...reproductive choices, energy balance, adult weight gain, body fatness, voluntary and involuntary physical activity, medical care, exposure to tobacco smoke and alcohol, and occupational exposures, including shift work\" as well as \"metabolic and physiologic processes that modify the body's internal environment.\"", "Breast cancer __knowledge__ Breast cancer is cancer that develops from breast tissue.", "Breast cancer __knowledge__ Signs of breast cancer may include a lump in the breast, a change in breast shape, dimpling of the skin, fluid coming from the nipple, or a red scaly patch of skin.", "Breast cancer __knowledge__ In those with distant spread of the disease, there may be bone pain, swollen lymph nodes, shortness of breath, or yellow skin.", "Breast cancer __knowledge__ Risk factors for developing breast cancer include being female, obesity, lack of physical exercise, drinking alcohol, hormone replacement therapy during menopause, ionizing radiation, early age at first menstruation, having children late or not at all, older age, and family history.", "Breast cancer awareness __knowledge__ Breast cancer awareness is an effort to raise awareness and reduce the stigma of breast cancer through education on symptoms and treatment.", "Breast cancer awareness __knowledge__ Supporters hope that greater knowledge will lead to earlier detection of breast cancer, which is associated with higher long-term survival rates, and that money raised for breast cancer will produce a reliable, permanent cure.", "Breast cancer awareness __knowledge__ Breast cancer advocacy and awareness efforts are a type of health advocacy.", "Breast cancer awareness __knowledge__ Breast cancer advocates raise funds and lobby for better care, more knowledge, and more patient empowerment.", "Breast cancer awareness __knowledge__ They may conduct educational campaigns or provide free or low-cost services.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ A \"BRCA\" mutation is a mutation in either of the \"BRCA1\" and \"BRCA2\" genes, which are tumour suppressor genes.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ Hundreds of different types of mutations in these genes have been identified, some of which have been determined to be harmful, while others have no proven impact.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ Harmful mutations in these genes may produce a hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome in affected persons.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ Only 5-10% of breast cancer cases in women are attributed to \"BRCA1\" and \"BRCA2\" mutations (with \"BRCA1\" mutations being slightly more common than \"BRCA2\" mutations), but the impact on women with the gene mutation is more profound.", "Breast cancer screening __knowledge__ Breast cancer screening is the medical screening of asymptomatic, apparently healthy women for breast cancer in an attempt to achieve an earlier diagnosis.", "Breast cancer screening __knowledge__ The assumption is that early detection will improve outcomes.", "Breast cancer screening __knowledge__ A number of screening tests have been employed, including clinical and self breast exams, mammography, genetic screening, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging.", "Breast cancer screening __knowledge__ A clinical or self breast exam involves feeling the breast for lumps or other abnormalities.", "Breast cancer screening __knowledge__ Medical evidence, however, does not support its use in women with a typical risk for breast cancer.", "Breast cancer screening __knowledge__ The use of mammography in universal screening for breast cancer is controversial as it may not reduce all-cause mortality and for causing harms through unnecessary treatments and medical procedures.", "Kathleen I. Pritchard __knowledge__ Kathleen I. Pritchard, CM, is the head of oncology at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre in Toronto, Canada, specializing in breast cancer therapies, and leading the clinical trials division of the centre.", "Kathleen I. Pritchard __knowledge__ She has authored numerous studies on women's health, breast cancer, hormone replacement therapy, public health, and research methodology.", "Kathleen I. Pritchard __knowledge__ According to Thomson Reuters, Pritchard was one of the most cited researchers in the world in 2014 and 2015.", "Kathleen I. Pritchard __knowledge__ Kathleen I. Pritchard, CM, grew up in Deep River, Ontario.", "Kathleen I. Pritchard __knowledge__ She graduated from the local high school in 1964.", "Kathleen I. Pritchard __knowledge__ She earned her Bachelor's in Science in 1968 from Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario and attained her medical degree there in 1971." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work is an employment practice designed to make use of, or provide service across, all 24 hours of the clock each day of the week (often abbreviated as \"24/7\").", "Shift work __knowledge__ The practice typically sees the day divided into shifts, set periods of time during which different groups of workers perform their duties.", "Shift work __knowledge__ The term \"shift work\" includes both long-term night shifts and work schedules in which employees change or rotate shifts.", "Shift work __knowledge__ In medicine and epidemiology, shift work is considered a risk factor for some health problems in some individuals, as disruption to circadian rhythms may increase the probability of developing cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment, diabetes, and obesity, among other conditions.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work can also contribute to strain in marital, family, and personal relationships.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work increases the risk for the development of many disorders.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work sleep disorder is a circadian rhythm sleep disorder characterized by insomnia, excessive sleepiness, or both.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Shift work is considered essential for the diagnosis.", "Shift work __knowledge__ The risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 is increased in shift workers, especially men.", "Shift work __knowledge__ People working rotating shifts are more vulnerable than others.", "Shift work __knowledge__ Women whose work involves night shifts have a 48% increased risk of developing breast cancer.", "History of labour law __knowledge__ The history of labour law concerns the development of labour law as a way of regulating and improving the life of people at work.", "History of labour law __knowledge__ In the civilisations of antiquity, the use of slave labour was widespread.", "History of labour law __knowledge__ Some of the maladies associated with unregulated labour were identified by Pliny as \" diseases of slaves.\"", "History of labour law __knowledge__ As England was the first country to industrialise, it was also the first to face the often appalling consequences of capitalist exploitation in a totally unregulated and laissez-faire economic framework.", "History of labour law __knowledge__ Over the course of the late 18th and early to mid-19th century the foundation for modern labour law was slowly laid, as some of the more egregious aspects of working conditions were steadily ameliorated through legislation.", "Causes of schizophrenia __knowledge__ The causes of schizophrenia have been the subject of much debate, with various factors proposed and discounted or modified.", "Causes of schizophrenia __knowledge__ The language of schizophrenia research under the medical model is scientific.", "Causes of schizophrenia __knowledge__ Such studies suggest that genetics, prenatal development, early environment, neurobiology and psychological and social processes are important contributory factors.", "Causes of schizophrenia __knowledge__ Current psychiatric research into the development of the disorder is often based on a neurodevelopmental model (proponents of which see schizophrenia as a syndrome.)", "Causes of schizophrenia __knowledge__ However, schizophrenia is diagnosed on the basis of symptom profiles.", "Sleep __knowledge__ Sleep is a naturally recurring state of mind and body, characterized by altered consciousness, relatively inhibited sensory activity, inhibition of nearly all voluntary muscles, and reduced interactions with surroundings.", "Sleep __knowledge__ It is distinguished from wakefulness by a decreased ability to react to stimuli, but is more easily reversed than the state of being comatose.", "Sleep __knowledge__ Sleep occurs in repeating periods, in which the body alternates between two distinct modes known as non-REM and REM sleep.", "Sleep __knowledge__ Although REM stands for \"rapid eye movement\", this mode of sleep has many other aspects, including virtual paralysis of the body.", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ Tobacco use has predominantly negative effects on human health and concern about health effects of tobacco has a long history.", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ Research has focused primarily on cigarette tobacco smoking.", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ In 1950, Richard Doll published research in the \"British Medical Journal\" showing a close link between smoking and lung cancer.", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ Four years later, in 1954, the British Doctors Study, a study of some 40,000 doctors over 20 years, confirmed the suggestion, based on which the government issued advice that smoking and lung cancer rates were related.", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ Tobacco smoke contains more than fifty chemicals that cause cancer.", "Scissor Sisters __knowledge__ Scissor Sisters is an American pop group formed in 2001.", "Scissor Sisters __knowledge__ Forged in the \"gay nightlife scene of New York,\" the band took its name from the female same-sex sexual activity tribadism.", "Scissor Sisters __knowledge__ Its members include Jake Shears and Ana Matronic as vocalists, Babydaddy as multi-instrumentalist, Del Marquis as lead guitar/bassist, and Randy Real as drummer (who replaced Paddy Boom).", "Scissor Sisters __knowledge__ Scissor Sisters incorporates diverse and innovative styles in their music, but tends to sway towards pop rock, glam rock, nu-disco, and electroclash.", "Scissor Sisters __knowledge__ The band came to prominence following the release of their Grammy-nominated and chart-topping disco version of \"Comfortably Numb\" and subsequent debut album \"Scissor Sisters\" (2004).", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Breast cancer __knowledge__ Breast cancer is cancer that develops from breast tissue.", "Breast cancer __knowledge__ Signs of breast cancer may include a lump in the breast, a change in breast shape, dimpling of the skin, fluid coming from the nipple, or a red scaly patch of skin.", "Breast cancer __knowledge__ In those with distant spread of the disease, there may be bone pain, swollen lymph nodes, shortness of breath, or yellow skin.", "Breast cancer __knowledge__ Risk factors for developing breast cancer include being female, obesity, lack of physical exercise, drinking alcohol, hormone replacement therapy during menopause, ionizing radiation, early age at first menstruation, having children late or not at all, older age, and family history.", "Risk factors for breast cancer __knowledge__ Risk factors for breast cancer may be divided into preventable and non-preventable.", "Risk factors for breast cancer __knowledge__ Their study belongs in the field of epidemiology.", "Risk factors for breast cancer __knowledge__ Breast cancer, like other forms of cancer, can result from multiple environmental and hereditary risk factors.", "Risk factors for breast cancer __knowledge__ The term \"environmental\", as used by cancer researchers, means any risk factor that is not genetically inherited.", "Risk factors for breast cancer __knowledge__ For breast cancer, the list of environmental risk factors includes the individual person's development, exposure to microbes, \"medical interventions, dietary exposures to nutrients, energy and toxicants, ionizing radiation, and chemicals from industrial and agricultural processes and from consumer products...reproductive choices, energy balance, adult weight gain, body fatness, voluntary and involuntary physical activity, medical care, exposure to tobacco smoke and alcohol, and occupational exposures, including shift work\" as well as \"metabolic and physiologic processes that modify the body's internal environment.\"", "Breast cancer awareness __knowledge__ Breast cancer awareness is an effort to raise awareness and reduce the stigma of breast cancer through education on symptoms and treatment.", "Breast cancer awareness __knowledge__ Supporters hope that greater knowledge will lead to earlier detection of breast cancer, which is associated with higher long-term survival rates, and that money raised for breast cancer will produce a reliable, permanent cure.", "Breast cancer awareness __knowledge__ Breast cancer advocacy and awareness efforts are a type of health advocacy.", "Breast cancer awareness __knowledge__ Breast cancer advocates raise funds and lobby for better care, more knowledge, and more patient empowerment.", "Breast cancer awareness __knowledge__ They may conduct educational campaigns or provide free or low-cost services.", "Abortion–breast cancer hypothesis __knowledge__ The abortion–breast cancer hypothesis posits that having an induced abortion can increase the risk of getting breast cancer.", "Abortion–breast cancer hypothesis __knowledge__ This hypothesis is at odds with mainstream scientific opinion and is contradicted by major medical professional organizations.", "Abortion–breast cancer hypothesis __knowledge__ In early pregnancy, hormone levels increase, leading to breast growth.", "Abortion–breast cancer hypothesis __knowledge__ The hypothesis proposes that if this process is interrupted by an abortion, then more immature cells could be left behind, and that these immature cells could increase the risk of breast cancer over time.", "Abortion–breast cancer hypothesis __knowledge__ The abortion–breast cancer hypothesis has been the subject of extensive scientific inquiry, and the scientific community has concluded that abortion does not cause breast cancer and that breast cancer should not be a concern for women who are having a miscarriage or considering having an abortion.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ A \"BRCA\" mutation is a mutation in either of the \"BRCA1\" and \"BRCA2\" genes, which are tumour suppressor genes.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ Hundreds of different types of mutations in these genes have been identified, some of which have been determined to be harmful, while others have no proven impact.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ Harmful mutations in these genes may produce a hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome in affected persons.", "BRCA mutation __knowledge__ Only 5-10% of breast cancer cases in women are attributed to \"BRCA1\" and \"BRCA2\" mutations (with \"BRCA1\" mutations being slightly more common than \"BRCA2\" mutations), but the impact on women with the gene mutation is more profound.", "Bernard Fisher (scientist) __knowledge__ Bernard Fisher, MD, FACS, (born August 23, 1918) is an American surgeon and a pioneer in the biology and treatment of breast cancer.", "Bernard Fisher (scientist) __knowledge__ He is a native of Pittsburgh.", "Bernard Fisher (scientist) __knowledge__ He was Chairman of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast Project at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.", "Bernard Fisher (scientist) __knowledge__ His work established definitively that early-stage breast cancer could be more effectively treated by lumpectomy, in combination with radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and/or hormonal therapy, than by radical mastectomy.", "Bernard Fisher (scientist) __knowledge__ The oncology journal and website \"OncLive\" described Fisher's research as \"launching the breast cancer community into the modern era\" and honored him with a Giants of Cancer Care award for his work that ultimately ended the standard practice of performing the Halsted radical mastectomy, a treatment that had been in place for more than 75 years.", "National Breast Cancer Coalition __knowledge__ The National Breast Cancer Coalition (NBCC) is a grassroots advocacy organization that seeks to improve public policies surrounding breast cancer research, diagnosis and treatment.", "National Breast Cancer Coalition __knowledge__ They launched the Breast Cancer Deadline 2020, a call to action for policymakers, researchers, breast cancer advocates and other stakeholders to eradicate the disease by January 1, 2020.", "National Breast Cancer Coalition __knowledge__ It was founded in 1991 by a group of breast cancer survivors including President Fran Visco.", "National Breast Cancer Coalition __knowledge__ Coalition members include breast cancer support, information and service groups, as well as women’s health and provider organizations.", "National Breast Cancer Coalition __knowledge__ The National Breast Cancer Coalition distinguishes itself through its commitment to evidence-based medicine." ] ]

[ 0, 11, 49, 9 ]

[ "Hey! My job consists of shift work. I currently work nights. ", "Yeah, I actually didn't know that women who work shift work have a higher chance for breast cancer. ", "I'm not entirely sure since there are so many contributors to breast cancer. I'm sure it has to do with epidemiology. ", "It might be. Shift work also increases diabetes risks as well. Especially in men. " ]

[ "Shift work", "Shift work", "Shift work", "Shift work" ]

[ "Glasses", "no i do not.", "i actually do not need any vision correction, for now at least. im sure i will in the future. i do wear sunglasses on occasion though." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are worn for eye protection in some sports, such as squash.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses wearers may use a strap to prevent the glasses from falling off during movement or sports.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Wearers of glasses that are used only part of the time may have the glasses attached to a cord that goes around their neck, to prevent the loss of the glasses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses allow better vision in bright daylight, and may protect one's eyes against damage from high levels of ultraviolet light.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Typical sunglasses are darkened for protection against bright light or glare; some specialized glasses are clear in dark or indoor conditions, but turn into sunglasses when in bright light." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are worn for eye protection in some sports, such as squash.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses wearers may use a strap to prevent the glasses from falling off during movement or sports.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Wearers of glasses that are used only part of the time may have the glasses attached to a cord that goes around their neck, to prevent the loss of the glasses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses allow better vision in bright daylight, and may protect one's eyes against damage from high levels of ultraviolet light.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Typical sunglasses are darkened for protection against bright light or glare; some specialized glasses are clear in dark or indoor conditions, but turn into sunglasses when in bright light.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "Emil Chynn __knowledge__ Emil William Chynn (born October 7, 1965) is a Chinese-American LASEK surgeon, author, researcher, and media personality.", "Emil Chynn __knowledge__ He owns the only laser vision correction center in the US specializing in Advanced Surface Ablation (ASA, comprising LASEK and epiLASEK), which unlike LASIK is a newer, safer way to correct refractive errors that does not involve cutting a flap into the cornea.", "Emil Chynn __knowledge__ Dr. Chynn has been featured in the New York Time, Wall Street Journal, on CNN and Discovery Channel, in Time Magazine online, as well as on ABC, NBC, CBS, and Fox News for LASEK as well as platinum \"Eye Jewelry\" and corneal tattoos.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ A contact lens, or simply contact, is a thin lens placed directly on the surface of the eye.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are considered medical devices and can be worn to correct vision, or for cosmetic or therapeutic reasons.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2004, it was estimated that 125 million people worldwide use contact lenses, including 28 to 38 million in the United States.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2010, the worldwide market for contact lenses was estimated at $6.1 billion, while the US soft lens market was estimated at $2.1 billion.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Multiple analysts estimated that the global market for contact lenses would reach $11.7 billion by 2015. , the average age of contact lens wearers globally was 31 years old, and two-thirds of wearers were female.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Presbyopia is a condition associated with aging of the eye that results in progressively worsening ability to focus clearly on close objects.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Symptoms include difficulty reading small print, having to hold reading material farther away, headaches, and eyestrain.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Different people will have different degrees of problems.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Other types of refractive errors may exist at the same time as presbyopia.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Presbyopia is a natural part of the aging process.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ It is due to hardening of the lens of the eye causing the eye to focus light behind rather than on the retina when looking at close objects.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ It is a type of refractive error along with nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses or sun glasses are a form of protective eyewear designed primarily to prevent bright sunlight and high-energy visible light from damaging or discomforting the eyes.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ They can sometimes also function as a visual aid, as variously termed spectacles or glasses exist, featuring lenses that are colored, polarized or darkened.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, they were also known as sun cheaters (cheaters being an American slang term for glasses).", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ The American Optometric Association recommends sunglasses whenever a person is in the sun to protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation (UV) and blue light, which can cause several serious eye problems.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ LCA-Vision is a provider of photorefractive keratectomy in the United States under the LasikPlus brand.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ As of October 2010, LCA-Vision Inc. owns and operates 54 LasikPlus fixed-site laser vision correction centers across the United States and Canada.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ The company performs Custom LASIK, PRK and monovision treatment to correct nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism and reduce the effects of presbyopia.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ According to the company, one million laser vision correction procedures have been performed at its LasikPlus vision centers since 1991.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ Laser Centers of America, Inc., LCA-Vision's corporate predecessor, was formed in 1986." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are worn for eye protection in some sports, such as squash.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses wearers may use a strap to prevent the glasses from falling off during movement or sports.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Wearers of glasses that are used only part of the time may have the glasses attached to a cord that goes around their neck, to prevent the loss of the glasses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses allow better vision in bright daylight, and may protect one's eyes against damage from high levels of ultraviolet light.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Typical sunglasses are darkened for protection against bright light or glare; some specialized glasses are clear in dark or indoor conditions, but turn into sunglasses when in bright light.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses or sun glasses are a form of protective eyewear designed primarily to prevent bright sunlight and high-energy visible light from damaging or discomforting the eyes.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ They can sometimes also function as a visual aid, as variously termed spectacles or glasses exist, featuring lenses that are colored, polarized or darkened.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, they were also known as sun cheaters (cheaters being an American slang term for glasses).", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ The American Optometric Association recommends sunglasses whenever a person is in the sun to protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation (UV) and blue light, which can cause several serious eye problems.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ A contact lens, or simply contact, is a thin lens placed directly on the surface of the eye.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are considered medical devices and can be worn to correct vision, or for cosmetic or therapeutic reasons.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2004, it was estimated that 125 million people worldwide use contact lenses, including 28 to 38 million in the United States.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ In 2010, the worldwide market for contact lenses was estimated at $6.1 billion, while the US soft lens market was estimated at $2.1 billion.", "Contact lens __knowledge__ Multiple analysts estimated that the global market for contact lenses would reach $11.7 billion by 2015. , the average age of contact lens wearers globally was 31 years old, and two-thirds of wearers were female.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ A corrective lens is a lens typically worn in front of the eye to improve vision.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Glasses or \"spectacles\" are worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but can be used for purely refractive purposes.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an ophthalmologist or an optometrist.", "Corrective lens __knowledge__ The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ LCA-Vision is a provider of photorefractive keratectomy in the United States under the LasikPlus brand.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ As of October 2010, LCA-Vision Inc. owns and operates 54 LasikPlus fixed-site laser vision correction centers across the United States and Canada.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ The company performs Custom LASIK, PRK and monovision treatment to correct nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism and reduce the effects of presbyopia.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ According to the company, one million laser vision correction procedures have been performed at its LasikPlus vision centers since 1991.", "LCA-Vision __knowledge__ Laser Centers of America, Inc., LCA-Vision's corporate predecessor, was formed in 1986.", "Emil Chynn __knowledge__ Emil William Chynn (born October 7, 1965) is a Chinese-American LASEK surgeon, author, researcher, and media personality.", "Emil Chynn __knowledge__ He owns the only laser vision correction center in the US specializing in Advanced Surface Ablation (ASA, comprising LASEK and epiLASEK), which unlike LASIK is a newer, safer way to correct refractive errors that does not involve cutting a flap into the cornea.", "Emil Chynn __knowledge__ Dr. Chynn has been featured in the New York Time, Wall Street Journal, on CNN and Discovery Channel, in Time Magazine online, as well as on ABC, NBC, CBS, and Fox News for LASEK as well as platinum \"Eye Jewelry\" and corneal tattoos.", "LASIK MD __knowledge__ LASIK MD is a Canadian provider of laser vision correction and the largest provider of laser vision correction in North America based on procedure volume.", "LASIK MD __knowledge__ As of 2013, LASIK MD performs over sixty percent of all laser vision correction procedures in Canada.", "LASIK MD __knowledge__ LASIK MD was founded in 2001 by Dr. Mark Cohen and Dr. Avi Wallerstein with two initial clinics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada and Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "LASIK MD __knowledge__ As of 2012, there are 30 LASIK MD eye centres located across Canada.", "LASIK MD __knowledge__ The clinics serve all major metropolitan areas throughout Canada.", "LASIK MD __knowledge__ LASIK MD is a provider of laser vision correction, performing LASIK, PRK and keratoconus treatments.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) __knowledge__ A timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) encompasses the ingenuity and innovative advancements of the United States within a historical context, dating from the Progressive Era to the end of World War II, which have been achieved by inventors who are either native-born or naturalized citizens of the United States.", "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) __knowledge__ Copyright protection secures a person's right to his or her first-to-invent claim of the \"original\" invention in question, highlighted in Article I, Section 8, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution which gives the following enumerated power to the United States Congress: In 1641, the first patent in North America was issued to Samuel Winslow by the General Court of Massachusetts for a new method of making salt.", "Polarization (waves) __knowledge__ Polarization (also polarisation) is a property applying to transverse waves that specifies the geometrical orientation of the oscillations.", "Polarization (waves) __knowledge__ In a transverse wave, the direction of the oscillation is transverse to the direction of motion of the wave, so the oscillations can have different directions perpendicular to the wave direction.", "Polarization (waves) __knowledge__ A simple example of a polarized transverse wave is vibrations traveling along a taut string \"(see image)\"; for example, in a musical instrument like a guitar string.", "Polarization (waves) __knowledge__ Depending on how the string is plucked, the vibrations can be in a vertical direction, horizontal direction, or at any angle perpendicular to the string.", "Augustin-Jean Fresnel __knowledge__ Augustin-Jean Fresnel (, ; ; 10 May 1788 – 14 July 1827) was a French civil engineer and physicist whose research in optics led to the almost unanimous acceptance of the wave theory of light, excluding any remnant of Newton's corpuscular theory, from the late 1830s until the end of the 19th century.", "Augustin-Jean Fresnel __knowledge__ But he is perhaps better known for inventing the \"catadioptric\" (reflective/refractive) Fresnel lens and for pioneering the use of \"stepped\" lenses to extend the visibility of lighthouses, saving unknown numbers of lives at sea.", "Augustin-Jean Fresnel __knowledge__ The simpler \"dioptric\" (purely refractive) stepped lens, first proposed by Count Buffon and independently reinvented by Fresnel, is used in screen magnifiers and in condenser lenses for overhead projectors.", "3D film __knowledge__ A three-dimensional stereoscopic film (also known as three-dimensional film, 3D film or S3D film) is a motion picture that enhances the illusion of depth perception, hence adding a third dimension.", "3D film __knowledge__ The most common approach to the production of 3D films is derived from stereoscopic photography.", "3D film __knowledge__ In it, a regular motion picture camera system is used to record the images as seen from two perspectives (or computer-generated imagery generates the two perspectives in post-production), and special projection hardware and/or eyewear are used to limit the visibility of each image in the pair to the viewer's left or right eye only." ] ]

[ 2, 33, 0 ]

[ "Do you wear glasses that are used for vision correction?", "Maybe you wear sunglasses, which can also function as a visual aid, featuring lenses that are colored, polarized or darkened.", "I wear glasses and also have used safety glasses in my profession. Safety glasses even have protection for the sides of the eyes. Have you worn safety glasses?" ]

[ "Glasses", "Glasses", "Glasses" ]

[ "Coffee\nHello, are you a coffee drinker?", "I didn't know that. Are most of them located on the African continent?", "Wow, sounds like it comes from almost everywhere in the world.", "Cold-brew coffee is delicious! Do you prefer to make your own at home or buy it prepared from a local coffeehouse?", "Me too! Everyone in our house is a coffee drinker, we'd spend a small fortune if we went out for coffee everyday!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and dried.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Dried coffee seeds (referred to as beans) are roasted to varying degrees, depending on the desired flavor.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Roasted beans are ground and brewed with near-boiling water to produce coffee as a beverage.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect on humans because of its caffeine content.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ It can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, café latte, etc.).", "Coffee __knowledge__ It is usually served hot, although iced coffee is an alternative way of the drink to be served.", "Latte __knowledge__ A latte ( or ) is a coffee drink made with espresso and steamed milk.", "Latte __knowledge__ The term as used in English is a shortened form of the Italian caffè latte , caffelatte or caffellatte , which means \"milk coffee\".", "Latte __knowledge__ The word is also sometimes spelled latté or lattè in English with different kinds of accent marks, which can be a hyperforeignism or a deliberate attempt to indicate that the word is not pronounced according to the rules of English orthography.", "Latte __knowledge__ In northern Europe and Scandinavia the term \"café au lait\" has traditionally been used for the combination of espresso and milk.", "Latte __knowledge__ In France, \"caffè latte\" is mostly known from the original Italian name of the drink (caffè latte or caffelatte); a combination of espresso and steamed milk equivalent to a \"latte\" is in French called \"grand crème\" and in German \"Milchkaffee\" or (in Austria) \"Wiener Melange\".", "Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment __knowledge__ Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment was a twin study ordered by the king to study the health effects of coffee.", "Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment __knowledge__ Although the authenticity of the event has been questioned, the experiment, which was conducted in the second half of the 18th century, failed to prove that coffee was a dangerous beverage.", "Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment __knowledge__ Coffee first arrived in Sweden around 1674, but was little used until the turn of the 18th century when it became fashionable among the wealthy.", "Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment __knowledge__ In 1746, a royal edict was issued against coffee and tea due to \"the misuse and excesses of tea and coffee drinking\".", "Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment __knowledge__ Heavy taxes were levied on consumption, and failure to pay the tax on the substance resulted in fines and confiscation of cups and dishes.", "International Fairtrade Certification Mark __knowledge__ The International FAIRTRADE Certification Mark is an independent certification mark used in over 50 countries.", "International Fairtrade Certification Mark __knowledge__ It appears on products as an independent guarantee that a product has been produced according to Fairtrade political standards.", "International Fairtrade Certification Mark __knowledge__ The FAIRTRADE Mark is owned and protected by Fairtrade International (FLO), on behalf of its 25-member and associate member Fairtrade producer networks and labelling initiatives.", "International Fairtrade Certification Mark __knowledge__ For a product to carry the FAIRTRADE Mark, it must come from FLO-CERT inspected and certified producer organizations.", "International Fairtrade Certification Mark __knowledge__ The crops must be marketed in accordance with the International Fairtrade standards set by Fairtrade International.", "Shaken, not stirred __knowledge__ \"Shaken, not stirred\" is a catchphrase of Ian Fleming's fictional British Secret Service agent James Bond and describes his preference for the preparation of his martini cocktails.", "Shaken, not stirred __knowledge__ The phrase first appears in the novel \"Diamonds Are Forever\" (1956), though Bond himself does not actually say it until \"Dr. No\" (1958), where his exact words are \"shaken and not stirred.\"", "Shaken, not stirred __knowledge__ In the film adaptations of Fleming's novels, the phrase is first uttered by the villain, Dr. Julius No, when he offers the drink in \"Dr. No\" (1962), and it is not uttered by Bond himself (played by Sean Connery) until \"Goldfinger\" (1964).", "Coffee Bean Bears __knowledge__ Coffee Bean Bears, are a coffee bean stuffed bear created by brothers Christopher Esposito and Artie Esposito in 2003 through their company ESPO Entertainment (DBA Coffee Bean Bears).", "Coffee Bean Bears __knowledge__ The initial assortment of bears featured four characters: Brewster Bean, Frenchie Vanilla, Mister Mocha, and Hazel \"The Nut\".", "Coffee Bean Bears __knowledge__ Each of the bears is stuffed, in its midsection only, with organically grown, roasted coffee beans of the appropriate flavor (Frenchie Vanilla comes with French vanilla beans, etc.).", "Coffee Bean Bears __knowledge__ The rest of the bear is filled with polyester stuffing.", "Coffee Bean Bears __knowledge__ The beans themselves are said to be not meant for consumption, but are instead used to give off an aroma – in other words, a type of potpourri for coffee drinkers.", "Dallah (coffee pot) __knowledge__ A dallah () is a traditional Arabic coffee pot used for centuries to brew and serve Qahwa (gahwa), an Arabic coffee or Gulf coffee made through a multi-step ritual, and Khaleeji, a spicy, bitter coffee traditionally served during feasts like Eid al-Fitr.", "Dallah (coffee pot) __knowledge__ It is commonly used in the coffee tradition of the Arabian peninsula and of the Bedouins.", "Dallah (coffee pot) __knowledge__ Old Bedouins used the ritual of coffee preparation, serving and drinking as a sign of hospitality, generosity and wealth.", "Dallah (coffee pot) __knowledge__ In much of the Middle East it is still connected to socializing with friends, family and business partners, so it is typically present in the main rites of passage, such as births, marriages and funerals and some business meetings.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and dried.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Dried coffee seeds (referred to as beans) are roasted to varying degrees, depending on the desired flavor.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Roasted beans are ground and brewed with near-boiling water to produce coffee as a beverage.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect on humans because of its caffeine content.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ It can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, café latte, etc.).", "Coffee __knowledge__ It is usually served hot, although iced coffee is an alternative way of the drink to be served.", "United States Africa Command __knowledge__ The United States Africa Command (USAFRICOM, U.S. AFRICOM, and AFRICOM), is one of nine unified combatant commands of the United States Armed Forces, headquartered at Kelley Barracks, Stuttgart, Germany.", "United States Africa Command __knowledge__ It is responsible for U.S. military operations, including fighting regional conflicts, and military relations with 53 African nations.", "United States Africa Command __knowledge__ Its area of responsibility covers all of Africa except Egypt, which is within the area of responsibility of the United States Central Command.", "United States Africa Command __knowledge__ U.S. AFRICOM headquarters operating budget was $276 million in fiscal year 2012.", "United States Africa Command __knowledge__ The Commander of U.S. AFRICOM reports to the Secretary of Defense.", "Africa–China economic relations __knowledge__ Economic relations between China and Africa, one part of more general Africa–China relations, began centuries ago and continue through the present day.", "Africa–China economic relations __knowledge__ Nowadays, China seeks resources for its growing population, and African countries seek funds to develop their infrastructures.", "Africa–China economic relations __knowledge__ Large-scale structural projects, often accompanied by a soft loan, are proposed to African countries rich in natural resources.", "Africa–China economic relations __knowledge__ China commonly funds the construction of infrastructure such as roads and railroads, dams, ports, and airports.", "Africa–China economic relations __knowledge__ While relations are mainly conducted through diplomacy and trade, military support via the provision of arms and other equipment is also a major component.", "Africa–China relations __knowledge__ Sino-African relations refers to the historical, political, economic, military, social and cultural connections between China and the African continent.", "Africa–China relations __knowledge__ Little is known about ancient relations between China and the African continent, though there is some evidence of early trade connections.", "Africa–China relations __knowledge__ Highlights of medieval contacts were the 14th century journey of Ibn Battuta, the Moroccan scholar and traveler, to parts of China; the visit of Sa'id of Mogadishu, the Somali scholar and explorer to China; and the Ming Dynasty voyages of Chinese admiral Zheng He and his fleet, which rounded the coast of Somalia during Ajuran Empire period and followed the coast down to the Mozambique Channel.", "Mivasocial __knowledge__ Mivasocial is a website and online social networking platform for African communities living in the African continent and in the African Diaspora around the world.", "Mivasocial __knowledge__ It is an American for profit limited liability Corporation and online social media and social networking service run by Happy Way LLC based in Lawrenceville GA. Mivasocial creates a united Africa online, a space that unites all Africans for the development of the African continent.", "Mivasocial __knowledge__ The platform develops solutions and tools to solve current socioeconomic issues on the continent.", "Mivasocial __knowledge__ Mivasocial was initially launched in 2011 by Jean-Marc Kouevidjin and Nasser Falana as Star53 a social network to help with the development of African people.", "African military systems to 1800 __knowledge__ African military systems to 1800 refers to the evolution of military systems on the African continent prior to 1800, with emphasis on the role of indigenous states and peoples.", "African military systems to 1800 __knowledge__ Development of the military art generally moved from the simple to the more sophisticated as economies and cultures became more elaborate.", "African military systems to 1800 __knowledge__ Areas such as Carthage, Egypt and Nubia are reflected in the antiquarian period.", "African military systems to 1800 __knowledge__ The pre-colonial period also saw a number of military systems- from cavalry empires on the grasslands, to kingdoms in more tropical and forested areas.", "African military systems to 1800 __knowledge__ The emergence of the gunpowder era, alongside developments in indigenous organization and culture, was to spark far-reaching consequences cutting across all regions, with ripple effects in culture, politics and economies.", "Africa __knowledge__ Africa is the world's second largest and second most-populous continent (the first being Asia in both categories).", "Africa __knowledge__ At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of its total land area.", "Africa __knowledge__ With /1e9 round 1 billion people as of , it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population.", "Africa __knowledge__ The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west.", "Africa __knowledge__ The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos.", "Jeffery Renard Allen __knowledge__ Jeffery Renard Allen (born 1962 Chicago) is an American poet, essayist, short story writer, and novelist.", "Jeffery Renard Allen __knowledge__ He is the author of two collections of poetry, \"Harbors and Spirits\" (Moyer Bell, 1999) and \"Stellar Places\" (Moyer Bell, 2007), and three works of fiction, the novel \"Rails Under My Back\" (Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2000), a story collection \"Holding Pattern\" (Graywolf Press, 2008) and a second novel, \"Song of the Shank\" (Graywolf Press, 2014).", "Jeffery Renard Allen __knowledge__ In writing about his fiction, reviewers often note his lyrical use of language and his playful use of form to write about African-American life.", "Jeffery Renard Allen __knowledge__ His poems tend to focus on music, mythology, history, film, and other sources, rather than narrative or autobiographical experiences.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The origin and history of coffee dates back to the 10th century, and possibly earlier with a number of reports and legends surrounding its first use.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The native (undomesticated) origin of coffee is thought to have been Ethiopia.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The earliest substantiated evidence of either coffee drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree is from the 15th century, in the Sufi monasteries of Yemen.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ By the 16th century, it had reached the rest of the Middle East, South India (Coorg), Persia, Turkey, Horn of Africa, and northern Africa.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ Coffee then spread to the Balkans, Italy and to the rest of Europe, to South East Asia and then to America.", "Coffee production __knowledge__ Coffee production is the industrial process of converting the raw fruit of the coffee plant into the finished coffee.", "Coffee production __knowledge__ The coffee cherry has the fruit or pulp removed leaving the seed or bean which is then dried.", "Coffee production __knowledge__ While all green coffee is processed, the method that is used varies and can have a significant effect on the flavor of roasted and brewed coffee.", "Coffee production __knowledge__ Coffee production is a major source of income, especially for developing countries where coffee is grown.", "Coffee production __knowledge__ By adding value, processing the coffee locally, coffee farmers and countries can increase the revenue from coffee.", "Coffee production __knowledge__ A coffee plant usually starts to produce flowers three to four years after it is planted, and it is from these flowers that the fruits of the plant (commonly known as coffee cherries) appear, with the first useful harvest possible around five years after planting.", "Vinacafe __knowledge__ Vinacafe (or Vinacafé Bien Hoa JSC) is a Vietnamese company involved in the production, processing and distribution of coffee and instant cereal mix.", "Vinacafe __knowledge__ It is an affiliate of the Vietnam National Coffee Corporation (abbreviated \"Vinacafe\"), a Hanoi-based, state-owned corporation under the Ministry of Agriculture and the Food Industry, which deals in the production, processing, export, and import of coffee.", "Vinacafe __knowledge__ Established in 1969 at the Coronel Coffee Plant in Biên Hòa, Đồng Nai Province, Republic of Vietnam by French engineer Marcel Coronel, the company was confiscated by the state when Coronel and his family fled Vietnam at the close of the Vietnam War.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ A coffee bean is a seed of the coffee plant and the source for coffee.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ It is the pit inside the red or purple fruit often referred to as a cherry.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ Just like ordinary cherries, the coffee fruit is also a so-called stone fruit.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ Even though the coffee beans are seeds, they are referred to as \"beans\" because of their resemblance to true beans.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ The fruits – coffee cherries or coffee berries – most commonly contain two stones with their flat sides together.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ A small percentage of cherries contain a single seed, instead of the usual two.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ This is called a \"peaberry\".", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ The peaberry occurs only between 10 and 15% of the time, and it is a fairly common (yet scientifically unproven) belief that they have more flavour than normal coffee beans.", "Coffee production in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Coffee production in Ethiopia is a longstanding tradition which dates back to dozens of centuries.", "Coffee production in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Ethiopia is where \"Coffea arabica\", the coffee plant, originates.", "Coffee production in Ethiopia __knowledge__ The plant is now grown in various parts of the world; Ethiopia itself accounts for around 3% of the global coffee market.", "Coffee production in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Coffee is important to the economy of Ethiopia; around 60% of foreign income comes from coffee, with an estimated 15 million of the population relying on some aspect of coffee production for their livelihood.", "Coffee production in Ethiopia __knowledge__ In 2006, coffee exports brought in $350 million, equivalent to 34% of that year's total exports.", "Coffee production in Ethiopia __knowledge__ The coffee plant, Coffea arabica, originates in Ethiopia.", "Mycosphaerella coffeicola __knowledge__ Mycosphaerella coffeicola is a sexually reproducing fungal plant pathogen.", "Mycosphaerella coffeicola __knowledge__ It is most commonly referred to as the asexual organism Cercospora coffeicola.", "Mycosphaerella coffeicola __knowledge__ There are 40 species in the genus \"Coffea\" (family Rubiaceae) that are susceptible to the disease caused by \"M. coffeicola\", but only a few that are commercially relevant.", "Mycosphaerella coffeicola __knowledge__ Arabica coffee (\"Coffea arabica\" L.) is the most significant of the susceptible species, affecting 70% of the world's coffee production.", "Mycosphaerella coffeicola __knowledge__ \"Coffea arabica\" ranges in growth habit from a shrub to a small tree and has ovate, shiny, pointed leaves, with clustered white flowers.", "Mycosphaerella coffeicola __knowledge__ The fruits begin as green berries which ripen to a deep red color." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and dried.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Dried coffee seeds (referred to as beans) are roasted to varying degrees, depending on the desired flavor.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Roasted beans are ground and brewed with near-boiling water to produce coffee as a beverage.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect on humans because of its caffeine content.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ It can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, café latte, etc.).", "Coffee __knowledge__ It is usually served hot, although iced coffee is an alternative way of the drink to be served.", "Almost everywhere __knowledge__ In measure theory (a branch of mathematical analysis), a property holds almost everywhere if, in a technical sense, the set for which the property holds takes up nearly all possibilities.", "Almost everywhere __knowledge__ The notion of almost everywhere is a companion notion to the concept of measure zero.", "Almost everywhere __knowledge__ In the subject of probability, which is largely based in measure theory, the notion is referred to as \"almost surely\".", "Almost everywhere __knowledge__ More specifically, a property holds almost everywhere if the set of elements for which the property does not hold is a set of measure zero (Halmos 1974), or equivalently if the set of elements for which the property holds is conull.", "Dominated convergence theorem __knowledge__ In measure theory, Lebesgue's dominated convergence theorem provides sufficient conditions under which almost everywhere convergence of a sequence of functions implies convergence in the \"L\" norm.", "Dominated convergence theorem __knowledge__ Its power and utility are two of the primary theoretical advantages of Lebesgue integration over Riemann integration.", "Dominated convergence theorem __knowledge__ It is widely used in probability theory, since it gives a sufficient condition for the convergence of expected values of random variables.", "Dominated convergence theorem __knowledge__ Lebesgue's Dominated Convergence Theorem.", "Dominated convergence theorem __knowledge__ Let {\"f\"} be a sequence of real-valued measurable functions on a measure space .", "Dominated convergence theorem __knowledge__ Suppose that the sequence converges pointwise to a function \"f\" and is dominated by some integrable function \"g\" in the sense that for all numbers \"n\" in the index set of the sequence and all points \"x\" ∈ \"S\".", "Khinchin integral __knowledge__ In mathematics, the Khinchin integral (sometimes spelled Khintchine integral), also known as the Denjoy–Khinchin integral, generalized Denjoy integral or wide Denjoy integral, is one of a number of definitions of the integral of a function.", "Khinchin integral __knowledge__ It is a generalization of the Riemann and Lebesgue integrals.", "Khinchin integral __knowledge__ It is named after Aleksandr Khinchin and Arnaud Denjoy, but is not to be confused with the (narrow) Denjoy integral.", "Khinchin integral __knowledge__ If \"g\" : \"I\" → R is a Lebesgue-integrable function on some interval \"I\" = [\"a\",\"b\"], and if is its Lebesgue indefinite integral, then the following assertions are true: The Lebesgue integral could be defined as follows: \"g\" is Lebesgue-integrable on \"I\" iff there exists a function \"f\" that is absolutely continuous whose derivative coincides with \"g\" almost everywhere.", "Sobolev space __knowledge__ In mathematics, a Sobolev space is a vector space of functions equipped with a norm that is a combination of \"L\"-norms of the function itself and its derivatives up to a given order.", "Sobolev space __knowledge__ The derivatives are understood in a suitable weak sense to make the space complete, thus a Banach space.", "Sobolev space __knowledge__ Intuitively, a Sobolev space is a space of functions with sufficiently many derivatives for some application domain, such as partial differential equations, and equipped with a norm that measures both the size and regularity of a function.", "Sobolev space __knowledge__ Sobolev spaces are named after the Russian mathematician Sergei Sobolev.", "Sobolev space __knowledge__ Their importance comes from the fact that solutions of partial differential equations are naturally found in Sobolev spaces, rather than in spaces of continuous functions and with the derivatives understood in the classical sense.", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ The Chemistry Set are a cult London psychedelic band.", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ Composed of veterans of the late 1980s neo-psychedelic boom, the group received regular airplay on John Peel's show, were covered in the mainstream and underground music press and appeared on Tony Wilson's BBC2 television show, \"100%\".", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ The original line up consisted of Ashley Wood (rhythm guitar/vocals), Paul Lake (lead guitar/vocals), Henry Taprell (bass) and Dave McLean (drums/vocals) with Neil Pond (Harmonica and percussion) joining them both onstage and in the studio.", "The Chemistry Set (British band) __knowledge__ Wood and Lake had previously played in school bands for a number of years having met at secondary school in south east London.", "Ergodic theory __knowledge__ Ergodic theory (Greek: ' \"work\", ' \"way\") is a branch of mathematics that studies dynamical systems with an invariant measure and related problems.", "Ergodic theory __knowledge__ Its initial development was motivated by problems of statistical physics.", "Ergodic theory __knowledge__ A central concern of ergodic theory is the behavior of a dynamical system when it is allowed to run for a long time.", "Ergodic theory __knowledge__ The first result in this direction is the Poincaré recurrence theorem, which claims that almost all points in any subset of the phase space eventually revisit the set.", "Ergodic theory __knowledge__ More precise information is provided by various ergodic theorems which assert that, under certain conditions, the time average of a function along the trajectories exists almost everywhere and is related to the space average.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ One of the central questions of modern Astrobiology is whether there is, or ever has been life on Mars.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ Mars probably had oceans in the past, and it definitely had lakes and a thicker atmosphere.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ Modern Mars has become cold, dry, and almost uninhabitable, yet, if life did ever arise on Mars, some hardy microbes and perhaps even multicellular life might survive there right through to the present.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ The only missions to search for life on Mars, the two Viking missions, returned results that were inconclusive .", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ However the instruments were not designed to cope with the unusual conditions which Viking discovered on Mars, which may have confused the results of the experiments.", "Southeast Asia __knowledge__ Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia.", "Southeast Asia __knowledge__ Southeast Asia is bordered to the north by East Asia, to the west by South Asia and Bay of Bengal, to the east by Oceania and Pacific Ocean, and to the south by Australia and Indian Ocean.", "Southeast Asia __knowledge__ The region is the only part of Asia that lies partly within the Southern Hemisphere, although the majority of it is in the Northern Hemisphere.", "Southeast Asia __knowledge__ In contemporary definition, Southeast Asia consists of two geographic regions: The region lies near the intersection of geological plates, with heavy seismic and volcanic activities.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Miscegenation (; from the Latin \"miscere\" \"to mix\" + \"genus\" \"kind\") is the mixing of different racial groups through marriage, cohabitation, sexual relations, or procreation.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Because of the term's historical use in contexts that typically implied disapproval, more unambiguously neutral terms such as \"interracial\", \"interethnic\", or \"cross-cultural\" are more common in contemporary usage.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ The term \"miscegenation\" has been used since the 19th century to refer to interracial marriage and interracial sexual relations, and more generally to the process of genetic admixture.", "Miscegenation __knowledge__ Historically, the term has been used in the context of laws banning interracial marriage and sex, known as anti-miscegenation laws.", "History of Southeast Asia __knowledge__ The term \"Southeast Asia\" has been in use since World War II.", "History of Southeast Asia __knowledge__ The region has been further divided into two distinct sub-regions, Mainland Southeast Asia (or Indochina) that comprises the modern states of Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar (Burma) and West Malaysia and Maritime Southeast Asia (or Insular Southeast Asia) that comprises the modern states of Indonesia, East Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, East Timor, Brunei, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, and Christmas Island.", "History of Southeast Asia __knowledge__ The earliest \"Homo sapiens\" presence in Mainland Southeast Asia can be traced back to 50,000 years ago and to at least 40,000 years ago in Maritime Southeast Asia.", "Asia __knowledge__ Asia () is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres.", "Asia __knowledge__ It shares the continental landmass of Eurasia with the continent of Europe and the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with both Europe and Africa.", "Asia __knowledge__ Asia covers an area of , about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area.", "Asia __knowledge__ The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population, was the site of many of the first civilizations.", "Asia __knowledge__ Asia is notable for not only its overall large size and population, but also dense and large settlements, as well as vast barely populated regions.", "Urheimat __knowledge__ Urheimat (; ; from a German compound of \"ur-\" \"original\" and \"Heimat\" \"home, homeland\") is a term in historical linguistics, which denotes the area where the proto-language of a language family was spoken.", "Urheimat __knowledge__ A proto-language, reconstructed or known, is a parent language of a group of genetically related languages.", "Urheimat __knowledge__ Depending on the age of the language family under consideration, its homeland may be known with near-certainty (in the case of historical or near-historical migrations) or it may be very uncertain (in the case of deep prehistory).", "Urheimat __knowledge__ The reconstruction of a prehistorical homeland makes use of a variety of disciplines, including archaeology and archaeogenetics.", "Mongoloid __knowledge__ The Mongoloid race ( alternatively East Asian race) is a broad racial grouping of peoples indigenous to East Asia and adjacient parts of Central Asia, Southeast Asia, North Asia, South Asia, the Arctic, the Americas, and the Pacific Islands.", "Mongoloid __knowledge__ It is part of the three great races introduced by Georges Cuvier in the 18th century, the other two groups being Caucasoid and Negroid.", "Mongoloid __knowledge__ Individuals within these populations often share certain associated phenotypic traits, such as epicanthic folds (skin folds covering the corners of the eyes), sinodonty (\"shovel tooth\" dental shape) and neoteny (retaining more juvenile physiological traits)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and dried.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Dried coffee seeds (referred to as beans) are roasted to varying degrees, depending on the desired flavor.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Roasted beans are ground and brewed with near-boiling water to produce coffee as a beverage.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect on humans because of its caffeine content.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ It can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, café latte, etc.).", "Coffee __knowledge__ It is usually served hot, although iced coffee is an alternative way of the drink to be served.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ Coffee preparation is the process of turning coffee beans into a beverage.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ While the particular steps vary with the type of coffee and with the raw materials, the process includes four basic steps: raw coffee beans must be roasted, the roasted coffee beans must then be ground, the ground coffee must then be mixed with hot water for a certain time (brewed), and finally the liquid coffee must be separated from the used grounds.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ Coffee is usually brewed immediately before drinking.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ In most areas, coffee may be purchased unprocessed, or already roasted, or already roasted and ground.", "Coffee preparation __knowledge__ Coffee is often vacuum packed to prevent oxidation and lengthen its shelf life.", "Chameleon Cold-Brew __knowledge__ Chameleon Cold-Brew is an American coffee company based in Austin, Texas.", "Chameleon Cold-Brew __knowledge__ It is known for its cold brew coffee and is credited as the first fair trade and organic cold brew company in the United States.", "Chameleon Cold-Brew __knowledge__ In 2014, Chameleon Cold-Brew was given the \"Best Coffee\" award by BevNET.", "Chameleon Cold-Brew __knowledge__ Chameleon Cold-Brew was founded in 2010 by Steve Williams and Chris Campbell.", "Chameleon Cold-Brew __knowledge__ Williams, a longtime coffee industry professional and coffee shop owner, created a unique blend of cold brew coffee to sell exclusively at his east Austin coffeehouse, Bennu Coffee.", "Chameleon Cold-Brew __knowledge__ Campbell, who holds an MBA from Rice University, was working as a business consultant when he and Williams met at a neighborhood barbecue.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ Iced coffee is cold coffee with ice.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ The iced latte and iced mocha are examples.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ There are various brewing methods, with the fundamental division being cold brew – brewing the coffee cold, yielding different flavor, but not requiring cooling – or brewing hot and then cooling, generally by simply pouring over ice or into ice cold milk.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ In case of hot brewing this can be normally brewed coffee (drip, press pot, etc.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ ), or espresso.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ Also in hot brewing, sweeteners and flavorings are often mixed into the hot coffee before cooling, due to faster dissolution in hot water.", "Iced coffee __knowledge__ Alternatively, syrup (sugar pre-dissolved in water) may be used, particularly gum syrup.", "Coffeemaker __knowledge__ Coffeemakers or coffee machines are cooking appliances used to brew coffee.", "Coffeemaker __knowledge__ While there are many different types of coffeemakers using a number of different brewing principles, in the most common devices, coffee grounds are placed in a paper or metal filter inside a funnel, which is set over a glass or ceramic coffee pot, a cooking pot in the kettle family.", "Coffeemaker __knowledge__ Cold water is poured into a separate chamber, which is then heated up to the boiling point, and directed into the funnel.", "Coffeemaker __knowledge__ This is also called \"automatic drip-brew\".", "Coffeemaker __knowledge__ For hundreds of years, making a cup of coffee was a simple process.", "Coffeemaker __knowledge__ Roasted and ground coffee beans were placed in a pot or pan, to which hot water was added, followed by attachment of a lid to commence the infusion process.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Turkish cuisine __knowledge__ Turkish cuisine (Turkish: \"Türk mutfağı\") is largely the heritage of Ottoman cuisine, which can be described as a fusion and refinement of Central Asian, Middle Eastern and Balkan cuisines.", "Turkish cuisine __knowledge__ Turkish cuisine has in turn influenced those and other neighbouring cuisines, including those of Southeast Europe (Balkans), Central Europe, and Western Europe.", "Turkish cuisine __knowledge__ The Ottomans fused various culinary traditions of their realm with influences from Levantine cuisines, along with traditional Turkic elements from Central Asia (such as yogurt and mantı), creating a vast array of specialities—many with strong regional associations.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea culture is defined by the way tea is made and consumed, by the way the people interact with tea, and by the aesthetics surrounding tea drinking.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It includes aspects of tea production, tea brewing, tea arts and ceremony, society, history, health, ethics, education, and communication and media issues.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea plays an important role in some countries.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It is commonly consumed at social events, and many cultures have created intricate formal ceremonies for these events.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Afternoon tea is a British custom with widespread appeal.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea ceremonies, with their roots in the Chinese tea culture, differ among Asian countries, such as the Japanese or Korean versions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and dried.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Dried coffee seeds (referred to as beans) are roasted to varying degrees, depending on the desired flavor.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Roasted beans are ground and brewed with near-boiling water to produce coffee as a beverage.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect on humans because of its caffeine content.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ It can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, café latte, etc.).", "Coffee __knowledge__ It is usually served hot, although iced coffee is an alternative way of the drink to be served.", "International Fairtrade Certification Mark __knowledge__ The International FAIRTRADE Certification Mark is an independent certification mark used in over 50 countries.", "International Fairtrade Certification Mark __knowledge__ It appears on products as an independent guarantee that a product has been produced according to Fairtrade political standards.", "International Fairtrade Certification Mark __knowledge__ The FAIRTRADE Mark is owned and protected by Fairtrade International (FLO), on behalf of its 25-member and associate member Fairtrade producer networks and labelling initiatives.", "International Fairtrade Certification Mark __knowledge__ For a product to carry the FAIRTRADE Mark, it must come from FLO-CERT inspected and certified producer organizations.", "International Fairtrade Certification Mark __knowledge__ The crops must be marketed in accordance with the International Fairtrade standards set by Fairtrade International.", "Latte __knowledge__ A latte ( or ) is a coffee drink made with espresso and steamed milk.", "Latte __knowledge__ The term as used in English is a shortened form of the Italian caffè latte , caffelatte or caffellatte , which means \"milk coffee\".", "Latte __knowledge__ The word is also sometimes spelled latté or lattè in English with different kinds of accent marks, which can be a hyperforeignism or a deliberate attempt to indicate that the word is not pronounced according to the rules of English orthography.", "Latte __knowledge__ In northern Europe and Scandinavia the term \"café au lait\" has traditionally been used for the combination of espresso and milk.", "Latte __knowledge__ In France, \"caffè latte\" is mostly known from the original Italian name of the drink (caffè latte or caffelatte); a combination of espresso and steamed milk equivalent to a \"latte\" is in French called \"grand crème\" and in German \"Milchkaffee\" or (in Austria) \"Wiener Melange\".", "Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment __knowledge__ Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment was a twin study ordered by the king to study the health effects of coffee.", "Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment __knowledge__ Although the authenticity of the event has been questioned, the experiment, which was conducted in the second half of the 18th century, failed to prove that coffee was a dangerous beverage.", "Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment __knowledge__ Coffee first arrived in Sweden around 1674, but was little used until the turn of the 18th century when it became fashionable among the wealthy.", "Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment __knowledge__ In 1746, a royal edict was issued against coffee and tea due to \"the misuse and excesses of tea and coffee drinking\".", "Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment __knowledge__ Heavy taxes were levied on consumption, and failure to pay the tax on the substance resulted in fines and confiscation of cups and dishes.", "Arabic coffee __knowledge__ Arabic coffee (, ) refers to a version of the brewed coffee of \"Coffea arabica\" beans.", "Arabic coffee __knowledge__ Arabic coffee is typically grown at a height of 1000 to 2000 meters, and represents about 60-70% of the coffee industry in the world.", "Arabic coffee __knowledge__ Most Arab countries throughout the Middle East have developed unique methods for brewing and preparing coffee.", "Arabic coffee __knowledge__ Cardamom is an often-added spice, but it can alternatively be served plain ().", "Arabic coffee __knowledge__ Arabic coffee is a part of the habits and traditions of Arabs, as coffee originated in the Middle East, beginning in Yemen and eventually travelling to Mecca, Egypt, the Levant, and then, in the mid-16th century, to Turkey.", "Coffee Bean Bears __knowledge__ Coffee Bean Bears, are a coffee bean stuffed bear created by brothers Christopher Esposito and Artie Esposito in 2003 through their company ESPO Entertainment (DBA Coffee Bean Bears).", "Coffee Bean Bears __knowledge__ The initial assortment of bears featured four characters: Brewster Bean, Frenchie Vanilla, Mister Mocha, and Hazel \"The Nut\".", "Coffee Bean Bears __knowledge__ Each of the bears is stuffed, in its midsection only, with organically grown, roasted coffee beans of the appropriate flavor (Frenchie Vanilla comes with French vanilla beans, etc.).", "Coffee Bean Bears __knowledge__ The rest of the bear is filled with polyester stuffing.", "Coffee Bean Bears __knowledge__ The beans themselves are said to be not meant for consumption, but are instead used to give off an aroma – in other words, a type of potpourri for coffee drinkers.", "Shaken, not stirred __knowledge__ \"Shaken, not stirred\" is a catchphrase of Ian Fleming's fictional British Secret Service agent James Bond and describes his preference for the preparation of his martini cocktails.", "Shaken, not stirred __knowledge__ The phrase first appears in the novel \"Diamonds Are Forever\" (1956), though Bond himself does not actually say it until \"Dr. No\" (1958), where his exact words are \"shaken and not stirred.\"", "Shaken, not stirred __knowledge__ In the film adaptations of Fleming's novels, the phrase is first uttered by the villain, Dr. Julius No, when he offers the drink in \"Dr. No\" (1962), and it is not uttered by Bond himself (played by Sean Connery) until \"Goldfinger\" (1964).", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ A coffee bean is a seed of the coffee plant and the source for coffee.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ It is the pit inside the red or purple fruit often referred to as a cherry.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ Just like ordinary cherries, the coffee fruit is also a so-called stone fruit.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ Even though the coffee beans are seeds, they are referred to as \"beans\" because of their resemblance to true beans.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ The fruits – coffee cherries or coffee berries – most commonly contain two stones with their flat sides together.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ A small percentage of cherries contain a single seed, instead of the usual two.", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ This is called a \"peaberry\".", "Coffee bean __knowledge__ The peaberry occurs only between 10 and 15% of the time, and it is a fairly common (yet scientifically unproven) belief that they have more flavour than normal coffee beans.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The origin and history of coffee dates back to the 10th century, and possibly earlier with a number of reports and legends surrounding its first use.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The native (undomesticated) origin of coffee is thought to have been Ethiopia.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The earliest substantiated evidence of either coffee drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree is from the 15th century, in the Sufi monasteries of Yemen.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ By the 16th century, it had reached the rest of the Middle East, South India (Coorg), Persia, Turkey, Horn of Africa, and northern Africa.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ Coffee then spread to the Balkans, Italy and to the rest of Europe, to South East Asia and then to America.", "Coffee production __knowledge__ Coffee production is the industrial process of converting the raw fruit of the coffee plant into the finished coffee.", "Coffee production __knowledge__ The coffee cherry has the fruit or pulp removed leaving the seed or bean which is then dried.", "Coffee production __knowledge__ While all green coffee is processed, the method that is used varies and can have a significant effect on the flavor of roasted and brewed coffee.", "Coffee production __knowledge__ Coffee production is a major source of income, especially for developing countries where coffee is grown.", "Coffee production __knowledge__ By adding value, processing the coffee locally, coffee farmers and countries can increase the revenue from coffee.", "Coffee production __knowledge__ A coffee plant usually starts to produce flowers three to four years after it is planted, and it is from these flowers that the fruits of the plant (commonly known as coffee cherries) appear, with the first useful harvest possible around five years after planting.", "Home roasting coffee __knowledge__ Home roasting is the process of roasting coffee from green coffee beans on a small scale for personal consumption.", "Home roasting coffee __knowledge__ Home roasting of coffee has been practiced for centuries, using simple methods such as roasting in cast iron skillets over a wood fire and hand-turning small steel drums on a kitchen stovetop.", "Home roasting coffee __knowledge__ Until the early 20th century it was more common to roast coffee at home than to buy pre-roasted coffee.", "Home roasting coffee __knowledge__ Following World War I commercial coffee roasting became prevalent and, combined with the distribution of instant coffee, home roasting decreased substantially.", "Home roasting coffee __knowledge__ In recent years there has been a revival in home roasting; what was originally a necessity has now become a hobby." ] ]

[ 4, 4, 12, 0, 0 ]

[ "Yes, I am. I was surprised to learn that coffee plant is cultivated in over 70 countries.", "Most in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Almost because its so popular and way to drink coffee are increasing its demand. It can be served hot or cold like in ice coffee.", "I prefer to make it at home because its much cheaper and I have much high quality coffee beans there.", "Agreed, especially if paid Starbucks high prices. Plus you can improve the craft of making great coffee." ]

[ "Coffee", "Coffee", "Coffee", "Coffee", "Coffee" ]

[ "Reading (process)\nI love to read I think it is soo good fo reveryone", "Yeah what is your favorite book", "yeah they are really good!", "Do you have ebeen reading", "that is a little much for me" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Hanson Robotics Limited __knowledge__ Hanson Robotics Limited is a Hong Kong-based engineering and robotics company founded in 2013 that is best known for their development of humanlike robots with artificial intelligence (AI) for consumer, entertainment, service, healthcare, and research applications.", "Hanson Robotics Limited __knowledge__ It has a team of 45 employees and are the creators behind high-profile humanoid robots including the Albert Einstein HUBO, the first walking robot with human-like expressions, BINA48, an interactive humanoid robot bust, and Sophia, the world’s first robot citizen.", "Hanson Robotics Limited __knowledge__ The company develops a number of character robots with a realistic humanoid appearance and behavior.", "Johannes Paul Thilman __knowledge__ Johannes Paul Thilman (11 January 1906 – 29 January 1973) was a German composer.", "Johannes Paul Thilman __knowledge__ Thilman, who actually wanted to become a teacher, encountered music at the age of 18 and taught himself initially.", "Johannes Paul Thilman __knowledge__ After a private lesson with Paul Hindemith and Hermann Scherchen, he attended the Leipzig Conservatory in 1929 and studied Composition with Hermann Grabner.", "Johannes Paul Thilman __knowledge__ The first performances of his works took place after he finished his studies in 1931.", "Johannes Paul Thilman __knowledge__ They were performed in Donaueschingen by his teacher, Hindemith.", "Johannes Paul Thilman __knowledge__ In the year 1940, he became the instructor of composition at the \"Carl Maria von Weber\" School of Music in his hometown, Dresden.", "Dario Fo __knowledge__ Dario Fo (; 24 March 1926 – 13 October 2016) was an Italian actor–playwright, comedian, singer, theatre director, stage designer, songwriter, painter, political campaigner for the Italian left-wing and the recipient of the 1997 Nobel Prize in Literature.", "Dario Fo __knowledge__ In his time he was \"arguably the most widely performed contemporary playwright in world theatre\".", "Dario Fo __knowledge__ Much of his dramatic work depends on improvisation and comprises the recovery of \"illegitimate\" forms of theatre, such as those performed by \"giullari\" (medieval strolling players) and, more famously, the ancient Italian style of \"commedia dell'arte\".", "Stained Glass (TV series) __knowledge__ Stained Glass (; lit.", "Stained Glass (TV series) __knowledge__ \"Glass Picture\") is a 2004 South Korean television drama series starring Lee Dong-gun, Kim Ha-neul, and Kim Sung-soo.", "Stained Glass (TV series) __knowledge__ It aired on SBS from December 1, 2004 to February 3, 2005 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 18 episodes.", "Stained Glass (TV series) __knowledge__ The title refers to the stained glass artwork found in Roman Catholic Churches.", "Stained Glass (TV series) __knowledge__ Dong-joo and Gi-tae were both abandoned by their parents as children.", "Stained Glass (TV series) __knowledge__ They grew up together in an orphanage and became best friends.", "Stained Glass (TV series) __knowledge__ After a family tragedy, Ji-soo was transferred to the orphanage where Gi-tae and Dong-joo were.", "Stained Glass (TV series) __knowledge__ Both boys fell for Ji-soo.", "Stained Glass (TV series) __knowledge__ One day while in the church, the three of them made a vow: Dong-joo and Gi-tae made a promise to take care of and protect Ji-soo in the absence of the other.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "XSL Formatting Objects __knowledge__ XSL-FO (XSL Formatting Objects) is a markup language for XML document formatting that is most often used to generate PDF files.", "XSL Formatting Objects __knowledge__ XSL-FO is part of XSL (Extensible Stylesheet Language), a set of W3C technologies designed for the transformation and formatting of XML data.", "XSL Formatting Objects __knowledge__ The other parts of XSL are XSLT and XPath.", "XSL Formatting Objects __knowledge__ Version 1.1 of XSL-FO was published in 2006.", "XSL Formatting Objects __knowledge__ XSL-FO is considered feature complete by W3C: the last update for the Working Draft was in January 2012, and its Working Group closed in November 2013.", "XSL Formatting Objects __knowledge__ Unlike the combination of HTML and CSS, XSL-FO is a unified presentational language.", "XSL Formatting Objects __knowledge__ It has no semantic markup as this term is used in HTML.", "Summarfestivalurin __knowledge__ Summarfestivalurin (the Summer Festival) is a musical festival in Klaksvík in the Faroe Islands, established in 2004.", "Summarfestivalurin __knowledge__ Summarfestivalurin - The Summer Festival - was held for the first time in August 2004 in Klaksvík in the Faroe Islands.", "Summarfestivalurin __knowledge__ Only 3000 tickets were printed this year and all tickets were sold.", "Summarfestivalurin __knowledge__ The main attraction were Ken Hensley known from the British group Uriah Heep (UK), Boney M (DE) and the two very popular local bands Frændur (FO) and Hjarnar (FO).", "Summarfestivalurin __knowledge__ In 2005 the main attractions was former Westlife Brian McFadden (EI), Anne Linnet (DK), Shakin' Stevens (UK) and the local band Dynamit." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Robert Bausch __knowledge__ Robert Bausch (born April 18, 1945) is an American fiction writer, the author of nine novels and one collection of short stories.", "Robert Bausch __knowledge__ He is currently a Professor of English at Northern Virginia Community College, and he has taught at the University of Virginia, The American University, Johns Hopkins University, George Mason University, and the University of Maryland, Baltimore County.", "Robert Bausch __knowledge__ His fourth novel, \"A Hole in the Earth\", was a \"New York Times\" Notable Book of the Year and a \"Washington Post\" Favorite Book of the Year.", "Robert Bausch __knowledge__ He has been awarded the Fellowship of Southern Writers' award for fiction for his fifth novel, \"The Gypsy Man\".", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ What's So Amazing About Grace?", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ is a 1997 book by Philip Yancey, an American journalist and editor-at-large for \"Christianity Today\".", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ The book examines grace in Christianity, contending that people crave grace and that it is central to the gospel, but that many local churches ignore grace and instead seek to exterminate immorality.", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ \"What's So Amazing About Grace?\"", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ includes Bible stories, anecdotes from Yancey's life, accounts of historical events and other stories.", "What's So Amazing About Grace? __knowledge__ These include a modern retelling of the Parable of the Prodigal Son, an account of Yancey's friendship with Mel White who came out as homosexual, a comparison of the teachings of early Christians Pelagius and Augustine of Hippo, and a summary of Karen Blixen's short story \"Babette's Feast\".", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Learning to read is the acquisition and practice of the skills necessary to understand the meaning behind printed words.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ For a fairly good reader, the skill of reading often feels simple, effortless, and automatic; however, the process of learning to read is complex and builds on cognitive, linguistic, and social skills developed from a very early age.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Usually, in order to understand a text, it is necessary to understand the spoken language associated with that text.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ In this way, writing systems are distinguished form many other symbolic communication systems.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Once established, writing systems on the whole change more slowly than their spoken counterparts, and often preserve features and expressions which are no longer current in the spoken language.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Reading education is the process by which individuals are taught to derive meaning from text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Government-funded research on reading and reading instruction in the United States began in the 1960s.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ In the 1970s and 1980s, researchers began publishing findings based on converging evidence from multiple studies.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ However, these findings have been slow to move into typical classroom practice.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Proficient reading is equally dependent on two critical skills: the ability to understand the language in which the text is written, and the ability to recognize and process printed text.", "Reading education in the United States __knowledge__ Each of these competencies is likewise dependent on lower level skills and cognitive abilities.", "Neurophilosophy __knowledge__ Neurophilosophy or philosophy of neuroscience is the interdisciplinary study of neuroscience and philosophy that explores the relevance of neuroscientific studies to the arguments traditionally categorized as philosophy of mind.", "Neurophilosophy __knowledge__ The philosophy of neuroscience attempts to clarify neuroscientific methods and results using the conceptual rigor and methods of philosophy of science.", "Neurophilosophy __knowledge__ Below is a list of specific issues important to Philosophy of neuroscience: Many of the methods and techniques central to neuroscientific discovery rely on assumptions that can limit the interpretation of the data.", "Neurophilosophy __knowledge__ Philosophers of Neuroscience have discussed such assumptions in the use of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Dissociation in Cognitive Neuropsychology, single unit recording, and computational neuroscience.", "Encoding/decoding model of communication __knowledge__ The Encoding/decoding model of communication was first developed by cultural studies scholar Stuart Hall in 1973.", "Encoding/decoding model of communication __knowledge__ Titled 'Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse', Hall's essay offers a theoretical approach of how media messages are produced, disseminated, and interpreted.", "Encoding/decoding model of communication __knowledge__ As an important member of the Birmingham School of Cultural Studies, Hall had a major influence on media studies.", "Encoding/decoding model of communication __knowledge__ His model claims that television and other media audiences are presented with messages that are decoded, or interpreted in different ways depending on an individual's cultural background, economic standing, and personal experiences.", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging __knowledge__ Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow.", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging __knowledge__ This technique relies on the fact that cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation are coupled.", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging __knowledge__ When an area of the brain is in use, blood flow to that region also increases.", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging __knowledge__ The primary form of fMRI uses the blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) contrast, discovered by Seiji Ogawa.", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging __knowledge__ This is a type of specialized brain and body scan used to map neural activity in the brain or spinal cord of humans or other animals by imaging the change in blood flow (hemodynamic response) related to energy use by brain cells.", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ Reading for special needs has become an area of interest as the understanding of reading has improved.", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ Teaching children with special needs how to read was not historically pursued due to perspectives of a Reading Readiness model.", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ This model assumes that a reader must learn to read in a hierarchical manner such that one skill must be mastered before learning the next skill (e.g., a child might be expected to learn the names of the letters in the alphabet in the correct order before being taught how to read his or her name).", "Reading for special needs __knowledge__ This approach often led to teaching sub-skills of reading in a decontextualized manner." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Ciara __knowledge__ Ciara Princess Harris (born October 25, 1985), known mononymously as Ciara (pronounced , ), is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, dancer, model and actress.", "Ciara __knowledge__ Born in Austin, Texas, she traveled around the world during her childhood, eventually moving to Atlanta, Georgia where she joined the girl group Hearsay (not to be confused with the British group Hear'Say); however, the group disbanded after having differences.", "Ciara __knowledge__ It was at this time Ciara was noticed for her songwriting.", "Ciara __knowledge__ In 2002, Ciara met music producer Jazze Pha.", "Ciara __knowledge__ With his help, she signed a record deal with LaFace Records.", "Ciara __knowledge__ In 2004, Ciara released her debut studio album \"Goodies\", which spawned four commercial singles: \"Goodies\", \"1, 2 Step\", \"Oh\" and \"And I\".", "Andy Paley sessions __knowledge__ The Andy Paley sessions are an unfinished recording project by American songwriter-musicians Brian Wilson and Andy Paley.", "Andy Paley sessions __knowledge__ Begun in the early 1990s, the intent was to record a studio album comprising original material written and produced by the duo with participation from Wilson's group the Beach Boys.", "Andy Paley sessions __knowledge__ It was the last time Brian would work with the band before the death of his brother and bandmate Carl Wilson in 1998.", "Andy Paley sessions __knowledge__ Paley previously worked with Brian as a co-producer and co-writer for the albums \"Brian Wilson\" (1988) and \"Sweet Insanity\" (unreleased).", "Andy Paley sessions __knowledge__ In February 1992, California courts issued a restraining order on Wilson's therapist Eugene Landy.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ Harry Potter is a series of fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ The novels chronicle the life of a young wizard, Harry Potter, and his friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ The main story arc concerns Harry's struggle against Lord Voldemort, a dark wizard who intends to become immortal, overthrow the wizard governing body known as the Ministry of Magic, and subjugate all wizards and muggles, a reference term that means non-magical people.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ Since the release of the first novel, \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\", on 26 June 1997, the books have found immense popularity, critical acclaim, and commercial success worldwide.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ There are many published theories about the politics of the Harry Potter books by J. K. Rowling, which range from them containing criticism of racism to anti-government sentiments.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ According to \"Inside Higher Ed\", doctoral theses have been devoted to the Harry Potter books.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ There are also several university courses centred on analysis of the Potter series, including an upper division Political Science course.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ \"Time\" magazine noted the political and social aspects of Harry Potter in their 2007 Person of the Year issue where Rowling placed third behind politicians Vladimir Putin and Al Gore.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ Harry Potter's potential social and political impact was called similar to the 19th century phenomenon of Harriet Beecher Stowe's popular, but critically maligned book, \"Uncle Tom's Cabin\", which fuelled the abolitionist movement leading up to the American Civil War.", "Harry Potter in translation __knowledge__ The \"Harry Potter\" series of fantasy novels by J. K. Rowling have become some of the most widely read works of children's literature in history, with readers of all ages and in many countries.", "Harry Potter in translation __knowledge__ In April 2011 worldwide sales of Harry Potter books were estimated to be about 450 million copies.", "Harry Potter in translation __knowledge__ Oddly enough, it has been difficult to accurately determine with any degree of certainty exactly how many languages Harry Potter has been translated into.", "Harry Potter in translation __knowledge__ As best as can be determined (as of 2017), The Philosopher's Stone has been officially translated from the original English into 74 other languages, the most recent being, Scots, which was released on 2017-11-23.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ Writer J. K. Rowling cites several writers as influences in her creation of her bestselling \"Harry Potter\" series.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ Writers, journalists and critics have noted that the books also have a number of analogues; a wide range of literature, both classical and modern, which Rowling has not openly cited as influences.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ This article is divided into three sections.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ The first section lists those authors and books which Rowling has suggested as possible influences on \"Harry Potter\".", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ The second section deals with those books which Rowling has cited as favourites without mentioning possible influences.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ The third section deals with those analogues which Rowling has not cited either as influences or as favourites but which others have claimed bear comparison with \"Harry Potter\".", "Harry Potter (character) __knowledge__ Harry James Potter is the title character and protagonist of J. K. Rowling's \"Harry Potter\" series.", "Harry Potter (character) __knowledge__ The majority of the books' plot covers seven years in the life of the orphan Potter, who, on his eleventh birthday, learns he is a wizard.", "Harry Potter (character) __knowledge__ Thus, he attends Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry to practice magic under the guidance of the kindly headmaster Albus Dumbledore and other school professors.", "Harry Potter (character) __knowledge__ Harry also discovers that he is already famous throughout the novel's magical community, and that his fate is tied with that of He Who Must Not Be Named, the internationally feared Dark Wizard and murderer of his parents, Lily and James.", "Harry and the Potters __knowledge__ Harry and the Potters are an American rock band known for spawning the genre of wizard rock.", "Harry and the Potters __knowledge__ Founded in Norwood, Massachusetts in 2002, the group is primarily composed of brothers Joe and Paul DeGeorge, who both perform under the persona of the title character from the \"Harry Potter\" book series.", "Harry and the Potters __knowledge__ Harry and the Potters are known for their elaborate live performances, and have developed a cult following within the \"Harry Potter\" fandom.", "Harry and the Potters __knowledge__ The band is often backed up by musicians like Ernie Kim, Andrew MacLeay, Brad Mehlenbacher, John Clardy, Mike Gintz, Jacob Nathan, Ben Macri, Phillip Dickey, Jason Anderson and Zach Burba." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Attilio Salvaneschi __knowledge__ Attilio Salvaneschi (1873–1938) was an Italian operatic tenor.", "Attilio Salvaneschi __knowledge__ He had an active international singing career from the late 1890s until his retirement in 1924.", "Attilio Salvaneschi __knowledge__ He then embarked on a second career as a voice teacher, first in Italy and later in the Netherlands.", "Attilio Salvaneschi __knowledge__ Possessing a voice of remarkable beauty, he made recordings for Blue Amberol Records, His Master's Voice, and Odeon Records.", "Attilio Salvaneschi __knowledge__ After singing with mostly minor Italian opera houses for some years, Salvaneschi toured North America in performances with Mario Lombardi's opera troupe in 1907.", "Attilio Salvaneschi __knowledge__ He was also heard that year in operas in Havana.", "Attilio Salvaneschi __knowledge__ He made appearances at the New German Theatre in Prague in 1908, 1910 and 1914.", "Battles of Lexington and Concord __knowledge__ The Battles of Lexington and Concord were the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War.", "Battles of Lexington and Concord __knowledge__ The battles were fought on April 19, 1775 in Middlesex County, Province of Massachusetts Bay, within the towns of Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Menotomy (present-day Arlington), and Cambridge.", "Battles of Lexington and Concord __knowledge__ They marked the outbreak of armed conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and its thirteen colonies in America.", "Battles of Lexington and Concord __knowledge__ In late 1774, Colonial leaders adopted the Suffolk Resolves in resistance to the alterations made to the Massachusetts colonial government by the British parliament following the Boston Tea Party.", "Scott Norton (bowler) __knowledge__ Scott Norton (born February 18, 1982) is a left-handed American professional bowler and attorney, now living in Mission Viejo, California.", "Scott Norton (bowler) __knowledge__ He is a member of the Professional Bowlers Association and has won three PBA Tour titles, including one major championship.", "Scott Norton (bowler) __knowledge__ The son of Rick Norton and United States Bowling Congress Hall of Famer Virginia Norton, he began bowling at around the age of four.", "Scott Norton (bowler) __knowledge__ When he was 18, he won 21 amateur bowling titles, won the gold medal at the Junior World Amateur Championships and, as captain of the adult team, became the youngest person ever to win the Adult National Amateur Championship (in 2000).", "Duel Masters __knowledge__ Shobu Kirifuda is a young boy who likes to play a card game called Duel Masters.", "Duel Masters __knowledge__ He and a few duelists are known to bring the monsters on the cards to life in their duels.", "Duel Masters __knowledge__ Shobu engages in this card game so that he can be the best duelist like his father was.", "Duel Masters __knowledge__ The Temple Guardians are the elite members of the White Soldiers that work under Hakuoh.", "Duel Masters __knowledge__ Short for Powerful Loyal Order of Princes, P.L.O.O.P.", "Duel Masters __knowledge__ is an evil organization that plot to use monsters from the Civilizations of the Creature World to take over Earth.", "Duel Masters __knowledge__ This organization is seen only in the \"second season\" that was created for America.", "Sipsey Wilderness __knowledge__ The Sipsey Wilderness lies within Bankhead National Forest around the Sipsey Fork of the Black Warrior River in northwestern Alabama, United States.", "Sipsey Wilderness __knowledge__ Designated in 1975 and expanded in 1988, the Sipsey is the largest and most frequently visited Wilderness area in Alabama and contains dozens of waterfalls.", "Sipsey Wilderness __knowledge__ It was also the first designated wilderness area east of the Mississippi River.", "Sipsey Wilderness __knowledge__ The wilderness consists of the low plateau of Brindlee Mountain which is dissected into a rough landscape by several creeks and rivers.", "Sipsey Wilderness __knowledge__ Due to the layers of limestone and sandstone that make up the area, waterfalls are very common in the wilderness.", "Donald Kalpokas __knowledge__ Donald Masike'Vanua Kalpokas (born August 23, 1943) is a Ni-Vanuatu politician and diplomat who served as prime minister of Vanuatu twice.", "Donald Kalpokas __knowledge__ Kalpokas was born on Efate island.", "Donald Kalpokas __knowledge__ Along with Walter Lini he founded the Vanua'aku Pati a political party which supported political independence for Vanuatu, socialist policies, and drew most of its support from Vanuatu's English-speaking population.", "Donald Kalpokas __knowledge__ Vanuatu did gain independence in 1980, with Lini as the country's first prime minister.", "Donald Kalpokas __knowledge__ Kalpokas became foreign minister of Vanuatu in 1983 but gave up this position after a few months.", "Donald Kalpokas __knowledge__ He again became foreign minister in 1987, this time remaining in that post for four years.", "Eveno-Bytantaysky National District __knowledge__ Eveno-Bytantaysky National District (; , \"Ebeen-Bıtantay uluuha\") is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or \"ulus\"), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia.", "Eveno-Bytantaysky National District __knowledge__ The area of the district is .", "Eveno-Bytantaysky National District __knowledge__ Its administrative center is the rural locality (a \"selo\") of Batagay-Alyta.", "Eveno-Bytantaysky National District __knowledge__ As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 2,867, with the population of Batagay-Alyta accounting for 63.9% of that number.", "Eveno-Bytantaysky National District __knowledge__ The district was established on April 21, 1989, when its territory was split out of Verkhoyansky District.", "Eveno-Bytantaysky National District __knowledge__ The district's name refers to its designation as a national (ethnic) district for the Evens, who comprised 32.35% of the population in 1989, as well as its location on the Bytantay River.", "Creativity __knowledge__ Creativity is a phenomenon whereby something new and somehow valuable is formed.", "Creativity __knowledge__ The created item may be intangible (such as an idea, a scientific theory, a musical composition, or a joke) or a physical object (such as an invention, a literary work, or a painting).", "Creativity __knowledge__ Scholarly interest in creativity involves many definitions and concepts pertaining to a number of disciplines: engineering, psychology, cognitive science, education, philosophy (particularly philosophy of science), technology, theology, sociology, linguistics, business studies, songwriting, and economics, covering the relations between creativity and general intelligence, mental and neurological processes, personality type and creative ability, creativity and mental health; the potential for fostering creativity through education and training, especially as augmented by technology; the maximization of creativity for national economic benefit, and the application of creative resources to improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning.", "Critical thinking __knowledge__ Critical thinking is the objective analysis of facts to form a judgment.", "Critical thinking __knowledge__ The subject is complex, and there are several different definitions which generally include the rational, skeptical, unbiased analysis or evaluation of factual evidence.", "Critical thinking __knowledge__ Critical thinking was described by Richard W. Paul as a movement in two waves (1994).", "Critical thinking __knowledge__ The \"first wave\" of critical thinking is often referred to as a 'critical analysis' that is clear, rational thinking involving critique.", "Critical thinking __knowledge__ Its details vary amongst those who define it.", "Critical thinking __knowledge__ According to Barry K. Beyer (1995), critical thinking means making clear, reasoned judgments.", "Discovery Institute intelligent design campaigns __knowledge__ The Discovery Institute has conducted a series of related public relations campaigns which seek to promote intelligent design while attempting to discredit evolutionary biology, which the Institute terms \"Darwinism.\"", "Discovery Institute intelligent design campaigns __knowledge__ The Discovery Institute is the driving force behind the pseudoscientific intelligent design movement and the Institute directs the campaigns through its Center for Science and Culture division with guidance from its public relations firm, Creative Response Concepts.", "Discovery Institute intelligent design campaigns __knowledge__ Prominent Institute campaigns have been to 'Teach the Controversy' and to allow 'Critical Analysis of Evolution'.", "Discovery Institute intelligent design campaigns __knowledge__ Other campaigns have claimed that intelligent design advocates (most notably Richard Sternberg) have been discriminated against, and thus that Academic Freedom bills are needed to protect academics' and teachers' ability to criticise evolution, and that there is a link from evolution to ideologies such as Nazism and eugenics.", "Teach the Controversy __knowledge__ \"Teach the Controversy\" is a campaign, conducted by the Discovery Institute, to promote the pseudoscientific principle of intelligent design, a variant of traditional creationism, while attempting to discredit the teaching of evolution in United States public high school science courses.", "Teach the Controversy __knowledge__ The campaign claims that fairness and equal time require educating students with a 'critical analysis of evolution' where \"the full range of scientific views\", evolution's \"unresolved issues\", and the \"scientific weaknesses of evolutionary theory\" will be presented and evaluated alongside intelligent design concepts like irreducible complexity presented as a scientific argument against evolution through oblique references to books by design proponents listed in the bibliography of the Institute-proposed \"Critical Analysis of Evolution\" lesson plans.", "Kansas evolution hearings __knowledge__ The Kansas evolution hearings were a series of hearings held in Topeka, Kansas, United States from May 5 to 12, 2005 by the Kansas State Board of Education and its State Board Science Hearing Committee to change how evolution and the origin of life would be taught in the state's public high school science classes.", "Kansas evolution hearings __knowledge__ The hearings were arranged by the Board of Education with the intent of introducing intelligent design into science classes via the Teach the Controversy method.", "Kansas evolution hearings __knowledge__ The hearings raised the issues of creation and evolution in public education and were attended by all the major participants in the intelligent design movement but were ultimately boycotted by the scientific community over concern of lending credibility to the claim, made by proponents of intelligent design, that evolution is purportedly the subject of wide dispute within the scientific and science education communities.", "Whole language __knowledge__ Whole language describes a literacy philosophy which emphasizes that children should focus on meaning and strategy instruction.", "Whole language __knowledge__ It is often contrasted with phonics-based methods of teaching reading and writing which emphasize instruction for decoding and spelling.", "Whole language __knowledge__ However, from whole language practitioners' perspective, this view is erroneous and sets up a false dichotomy.", "Whole language __knowledge__ Whole language practitioners teach to develop a knowledge of language including the graphophonic, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects of language.", "Whole language __knowledge__ Within a whole language perspective, language is treated as a complete meaning-making system, the parts of which function in relational ways." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Jody Wilson-Raybould __knowledge__ Jody Wilson-Raybould (born March 23, 1971) is a Kwakwaka’wakw Canadian politician and the Liberal Member of Parliament for the riding of Vancouver Granville.", "Jody Wilson-Raybould __knowledge__ She was sworn in as Minister of Justice of Canada on November 4, 2015; the first Indigenous person to be named to that post.", "Jody Wilson-Raybould __knowledge__ Before entering Canadian federal politics, she was the Crown Prosecutor of British Columbia, Treaty Commissioner and Regional Chief of the B.C.", "Jody Wilson-Raybould __knowledge__ Assembly of First Nations.", "Jody Wilson-Raybould __knowledge__ Wilson-Raybould is a descendant of the Musgamagw Tsawataineuk and Laich-Kwil-Tach peoples, which are part of the Kwakwaka’wakw, also known as the Kwak’wala speaking peoples.", "We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank __knowledge__ We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank is the fifth studio album by American alternative rock band Modest Mouse, released in 2007.", "We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank __knowledge__ It followed their previous studio album, 2004's \"Good News for People Who Love Bad News\".", "We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank __knowledge__ It is the band's only full-length with former Smiths guitarist Johnny Marr as a member.", "We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank __knowledge__ It has a strong nautical theme and was originally envisioned as a concept album about a boat crew that dies in every song.", "We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank __knowledge__ This album was certified Gold by the RIAA on June 11, 2009.", "We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank __knowledge__ As of February 2015, it has sold 649,000 copies in the US.", "We Were Dead Before the Ship Even Sank __knowledge__ The album was recorded at Sweet Tea Studio in Oxford, Mississippi with producer Dennis Herring, becoming the second consecutive Modest Mouse album to be recorded at that location and with that producer.", "The Co-operative Group __knowledge__ The Co-operative Group, trading as The Co-op, is a British consumer co-operative with a diverse family of retail businesses including food retail; electrical retail; financial services; insurance services; legal services and funeralcare, with in excess of 4,200 locations.", "The Co-operative Group __knowledge__ It is the largest consumer co-operative in the UK and owned by more than 4 million active members.", "The Co-operative Group __knowledge__ Membership is open to everyone, provided they agree to subscribe £1 sterling in the capital of the society out of their first share of the profits and share the values & principles upon which the group was founded.", "The Co-operative Group __knowledge__ Members are democratically involved in setting business strategy, decide how social goals are achieved, and share in its profits - in the 2016 £19m was returned to members and their chosen local community causes via the 5+1 scheme.", "Scar (Disney) __knowledge__ Scar is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures' 32nd animated feature film \"The Lion King\" (1994).", "Scar (Disney) __knowledge__ The character is voiced by Jeremy Irons while his singing voice is provided by both Irons and Jim Cummings, the latter of whom was hired to replace Irons when the former damaged his singing voice.", "Scar (Disney) __knowledge__ Subsequently, Scar makes minor appearances in \" \"(1998) and \"The Lion King 1½ \"(2004), in both of which he is voiced entirely by Cummings, as well as appearing in the Broadway musical adaptation of the film, in which the role of Scar was originated by John Vickery.", "Scar (Disney) __knowledge__ Scar was created in 1989 and was created by screenwriters Irene Mecchi, Jonathan Roberts, and Linda Woolverton, and animated by Andreas Deja.", "Human Nature (band) __knowledge__ Human Nature is an Australian boy band, which formed in 1989, with Toby Allen, Phil Burton and brothers, Andrew and Mike Tierney.", "Human Nature (band) __knowledge__ Originally they were a doo-wop group, the 4 Trax, while the members were schoolmates.", "Human Nature (band) __knowledge__ After signing with Sony Music as Human Nature, they released their debut album, \"Telling Everybody\", in 1996.", "Human Nature (band) __knowledge__ Three of their albums have reached number one on the ARIA Albums Charts, \"Counting Down\" (May 1999), \"\" (November 2005) and \"\" (October 2006).", "Human Nature (band) __knowledge__ Two other albums reached number two, \"Get Ready\" (November 2007) and \"Jukebox\" (October 2014).", "Human Nature (band) __knowledge__ Their top 10 hits on the related ARIA Singles Chart are \"Wishes\" (October 1996), \"Don't Say Goodbye\" (March 1997), \"Everytime You Cry\" (duet with John Farnham, October 1997), \"Don't Cry\" (July 1999), \"Eternal Flame\" (October 1999), \"He Don't Love You\" (November 2000) and \"When You Say You Love Me\" (April 2004).", "Jeremy Peterson (Hollyoaks) __knowledge__ Jeremy \"Jez\" Peterson ia a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\".", "Jeremy Peterson (Hollyoaks) __knowledge__ He was played by Simon Cole between 2005 and 2006.", "Jeremy Peterson (Hollyoaks) __knowledge__ His first appearance was 15 April 2005.", "Jeremy Peterson (Hollyoaks) __knowledge__ Hailing from a wealthy, rural background, Jeremy had problems fitting into the devoutly down-at-heel world of Hollyoaks Community College's halls of residence.", "Jeremy Peterson (Hollyoaks) __knowledge__ On his arrival many of his roommates thought he was related to the Royal family which led to many of them giving him extra special treatment.", "Jeremy Peterson (Hollyoaks) __knowledge__ However, they eventually realised that Jeremy was just a student with an aristocratic background who had an obsession with computer games.", "La La (Ashlee Simpson song) __knowledge__ \"La La\" is a song by American singer Ashlee Simpson from her 2004 album, \"Autobiography\".", "La La (Ashlee Simpson song) __knowledge__ Two weeks after it became available as a digital download in mid-August 2004, it rose to No.", "La La (Ashlee Simpson song) __knowledge__ 37 on \"Billboard\"s Hot Digital Tracks.", "La La (Ashlee Simpson song) __knowledge__ In the U.S., it began its run as the album's third and final single on radio and television in November 2004; in the United Kingdom (where it was the second single), a CD single was released in January 2005.", "La La (Ashlee Simpson song) __knowledge__ The song's video was in heavy rotation on MTV by December 2004.", "La La (Ashlee Simpson song) __knowledge__ In March 2005 the single was certified Gold, and in August the video was nominated for Best Pop Video on the MTV Video Music Awards.", "Chinook Jargon __knowledge__ Chinook Jargon (also known as chinuk wawa, or chinook wawa) is a revived American indigenous language originating as a pidgin trade language in the Pacific Northwest, and spreading during the 19th century from the lower Columbia River, first to other areas in modern Oregon and Washington, then British Columbia and as far as Alaska and Yukon Territory, sometimes taking on characteristics of a creole language.", "Chinook Jargon __knowledge__ It is related to, but not the same as, the aboriginal language of the Chinook people, upon which much of its vocabulary is based.", "Chinook Jargon __knowledge__ Many words from Chinook Jargon remain in common use in the Western United States, British Columbia and the Yukon, in indigenous languages as well as regional English usage, to the point where most people are unaware the word was originally from the Jargon.", "Tlingit noun __knowledge__ Like nouns in many Native American languages, the Tlingit noun is easily conceptualized but difficult to formally define.", "Tlingit noun __knowledge__ It can be simple or compound, and can be derived from verb forms as well as other nouns.", "Tlingit noun __knowledge__ It is marked for case, but not normally for number.", "Tlingit noun __knowledge__ Noun possession divides all nouns into two open classes of possessable and unpossessable nouns, and the possessable nouns are further divided based on their alienability.", "Tlingit noun __knowledge__ The concept of a noun is fairly well defined for Indo-European languages, as well as many other language families.", "Tlingit noun __knowledge__ However, it is not so clear for many Native American language families, particularly the Na-Dené family.", "Sayaji Vaibhav Public Library Navsari __knowledge__ The Sayaji Vaibhav Public Library, located in Navsari.", "Sayaji Vaibhav Public Library Navsari __knowledge__ is one of the largest libraries of the Gujarat state.", "Sayaji Vaibhav Public Library Navsari __knowledge__ This is the only library in Gujarat to have received the prestigious Late Motibhai Amin Library Award five times by the Government of Gujarat.", "Sayaji Vaibhav Public Library Navsari __knowledge__ When a public institution completes a long successful journey of 100 years of existence and justifies its presence, the society gets obliged to it.", "Sayaji Vaibhav Public Library Navsari __knowledge__ The Shri Sayaji Vaibhav Library, which has spread the aroma of knowledge and inspiration among thousands of people in the vicinity of Navsari since 111 years, has not just been a library but has become a centre of knowledge in true sense with its wide-ranging activities.", "Alberto Frigo __knowledge__ Alberto Frigo (born 21 July 1979 in Asiago) is known for having photographed every object his right hand has used since 24 September 2003.", "Alberto Frigo __knowledge__ Continuously documenting 36 aspects of reality (e.g., his dreams, the songs he hears, the people he meets, the places he visits, the weather etc.", "Alberto Frigo __knowledge__ ), Frigo intends to create a Rosetta Stone of time to be concluded at 60 years of age, in 2040, after 36 years.", "Alberto Frigo __knowledge__ Erroneously regarded as an early proponent of lifelogging Frigo is the founder of Tebahism, a movement advocating the manual stowing of life under threat by political, economic, social as well as religious establishments governed by increasing automation.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon __knowledge__ Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon (1120 – after 1190) was a translator and physician.", "Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon __knowledge__ Born in Granada, he left Spain in 1150, probably on account of persecution by the Almohades, and went to Lunel in southern France.", "Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon __knowledge__ Benjamin of Tudela mentions him as a physician there in 1160.", "Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon __knowledge__ He died around 1190, in Marseille, France.", "Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon __knowledge__ Judah lived on terms of intimacy with Meshullam ben Jacob and with Meshullam's two sons, Asher and Aaron, whom in his will he recommends as friends to his only son, Samuel.", "Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon __knowledge__ He was also a close friend of Abraham ben David of Posquières and of Zerahiah ha-Levi, the latter of whom he freely recognized as a greater scholar than himself, and whose son he also wished to have as a friend for his own son.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ Writer J. K. Rowling cites several writers as influences in her creation of her bestselling \"Harry Potter\" series.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ Writers, journalists and critics have noted that the books also have a number of analogues; a wide range of literature, both classical and modern, which Rowling has not openly cited as influences.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ This article is divided into three sections.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ The first section lists those authors and books which Rowling has suggested as possible influences on \"Harry Potter\".", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ The second section deals with those books which Rowling has cited as favourites without mentioning possible influences.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ The third section deals with those analogues which Rowling has not cited either as influences or as favourites but which others have claimed bear comparison with \"Harry Potter\"." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5, 0, 10 ]

[ "Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning, it is also a lovely pass time", "i really like harry potter books, Reading is a means of language acquisition", " In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis that is why reading is not for everyone", "yeah i like reading if i can 1 or 2 books every month", "Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding that is why everyone reads at different speeds" ]

[ "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)" ]

[ "Tupac Shakur\nTupac Shakur was an interesting person.", "Yikes, I don't remember the circumstances around his death. ", "Why so long to come out in the US?", "What was a great success of Sega?", "When did Sega genesis become popular?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Tupac Amaru Shakur ( ) (born Lesane Parish Crooks; June 16, 1971September 13, 1996), also known by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper, poet and actor.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur sold over 75 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ His double disc albums \"All Eyez on Me\" (1996) and his \"Greatest Hits\" (1998) are among the best-selling albums in the United States.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur is consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential rappers of all time and he has been listed and ranked as one of the greatest artists of any genre by many publications, including \"Rolling Stone\", which ranked him 86th on its list of The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ On April 7, 2017, Shakur was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur began his career as a roadie, backup dancer and MC for the alternative hip hop group Digital Underground, eventually branching off as a solo artist.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Most of the themes in Shakur's songs revolved around the violence and hardship in inner cities, racism, and other social issues.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Both of his parents and several other people in his family were members of the Black Panther Party, whose ideals were reflected in his songs.", "All Eyez on Me (film) __knowledge__ All Eyez on Me is a 2017 American biographical drama film about hip-hop artist Tupac Shakur, directed by Benny Boom and written by Jeremy Haft, Eddie Gonzalez and Steven Bagatourian.", "All Eyez on Me (film) __knowledge__ Titled after Shakur's 1996 fourth studio album of the same title, the film stars Demetrius Shipp Jr. as Shakur with Kat Graham, Lauren Cohan, Hill Harper and Danai Gurira in supporting roles.", "All Eyez on Me (film) __knowledge__ Principal photography began in mid-December 2015 in Atlanta, Georgia.", "All Eyez on Me (film) __knowledge__ \"All Eyez on Me\" premiered on June 14, 2017, in Los Angeles and was released in the United States on June 16, 2017, on what would have been Shakur's 46th birthday.", "Suge Knight __knowledge__ Marion Hugh \"Suge\" Knight Jr. (; born April 19, 1965) is an American record producer, music executive, and a former replacement player as an American football defensive end for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL).", "Suge Knight __knowledge__ He is the co-founder and former CEO of Death Row Records.", "Suge Knight __knowledge__ Death Row Records rose to dominate the rap charts after Dr. Dre's breakthrough album \"The Chronic\" in 1992.", "Suge Knight __knowledge__ After several years of chart successes for artists including Tupac Shakur, Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg, Outlawz and Tha Dogg Pound, Death Row Records stagnated after Knight's incarceration on probation violation charges in September 1996 and went bankrupt in 2006.", "Orlando Anderson __knowledge__ Orlando Tive \"Baby Lane\" Anderson (August 13, 1974 – May 29, 1998) was a Crips gang member, and a person of interest in the murder of rapper Tupac Shakur.", "Orlando Anderson __knowledge__ Detective Tim Brennan from Compton, California filed an affidavit naming Anderson as a suspect, although fans and others have speculated as to Anderson's involvement in the killing.", "Orlando Anderson __knowledge__ He was never charged with the murder.", "Orlando Anderson __knowledge__ In 2002, \"The Los Angeles Times\" published a two-part series by reporter Chuck Philips titled \"Who Killed Tupac Shakur?\"", "Orlando Anderson __knowledge__ based on a series that looked into the events leading to the crime.", "Orlando Anderson __knowledge__ The series indicated that \"the shooting was carried out by a Compton gang called the Southside Crips to avenge the beating of one of its members by Shakur a few hours earlier.", "Murder of Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ On Saturday September 7, 1996, American hip-hop artist Tupac Shakur was fatally shot in a drive-by shooting in Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Murder of Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ He was 25 years old.", "Murder of Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ The shooting occurred at 11:15 p.m. Pacific time when the car with Shakur stopped at a red light at East Flamingo Road and Koval Lane.", "Murder of Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur was struck by four .40 caliber rounds fired from a Glock: two in the chest, one in the arm, and one in the thigh.", "Murder of Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ He died from his wounds six days later from respiratory failure that led to cardiac arrest after the removal of his right lung in the University Medical Center of Southern Nevada.", "Murder of Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Tupac Shakur attended the Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson boxing match with Suge Knight at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas, Nevada.", "Tupac: Assassination __knowledge__ Tupac Assassination: Conspiracy or Revenge is a documentary film about the unsolved murder of rapper Tupac Shakur produced by Frank Alexander, a Shakur bodyguard who was with the rapper at the time of the shooting, produced and directed by Richard Bond.", "Tupac: Assassination __knowledge__ The film was released October 23, 2007 on DVD.", "Tupac: Assassination __knowledge__ The film is a series of interviews with key players and witnesses, as well as what the producer told \"Rolling Stone\" magazine were experts in the fields of law enforcement and rap.", "Tupac: Assassination __knowledge__ Suge Knight owed artists over $104 million and Shakur was threatening to take his masters and leave Death Row after the last album, .", "Dear Mama __knowledge__ \"Dear Mama\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist 2Pac, released on February 21, 1995 as the lead single from his third studio album, \"Me Against the World\" (1995).", "Dear Mama __knowledge__ The song is a tribute to his mother, Afeni Shakur.", "Dear Mama __knowledge__ In the song, Shakur details his childhood poverty and his mother's addiction to crack cocaine, but argues that his love and deep respect for his mother supersede bad memories.", "Dear Mama __knowledge__ The song topped the \"Billboard\" Hot Rap Singles chart for five weeks and also peaked at number nine on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Dear Mama __knowledge__ The single was certified Platinum by the RIAA on July 13, 1995.", "Dear Mama __knowledge__ \"Dear Mama\" has been consistently ranked among the best of its genre, appearing on numerous \"greatest\" lists." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Tupac Amaru Shakur ( ) (born Lesane Parish Crooks; June 16, 1971September 13, 1996), also known by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper, poet and actor.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur sold over 75 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ His double disc albums \"All Eyez on Me\" (1996) and his \"Greatest Hits\" (1998) are among the best-selling albums in the United States.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur is consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential rappers of all time and he has been listed and ranked as one of the greatest artists of any genre by many publications, including \"Rolling Stone\", which ranked him 86th on its list of The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ On April 7, 2017, Shakur was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur began his career as a roadie, backup dancer and MC for the alternative hip hop group Digital Underground, eventually branching off as a solo artist.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Most of the themes in Shakur's songs revolved around the violence and hardship in inner cities, racism, and other social issues.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Both of his parents and several other people in his family were members of the Black Panther Party, whose ideals were reflected in his songs.", "Nadex __knowledge__ Nadex (Northern American Derivatives Exchange), formerly known as HedgeStreet, is US-based retail-focused online binary options exchange.", "Nadex __knowledge__ It offers retail trading of binary options and spreads on the most heavily traded forex, commodities and stock indices markets.", "Nadex __knowledge__ Nadex originally was known as “HedgeStreet” and was based in San Mateo, California.", "Nadex __knowledge__ The Exchange was launched in 2004 offering an electronic marketplace that offered trading in financial derivatives to retail investors.", "Nadex __knowledge__ HedgeStreet shut down its business in late 2007.", "Nadex __knowledge__ Shortly thereafter, UK-based IG Group Holdings plc.", "Nadex __knowledge__ agreed to purchase HedgeStreet, Inc. for $6 million and began restructuring the exchange, its technology, and its products.", "Steven Weissman __knowledge__ Steven Weissman (b. June 4, 1968, in California) is an award-winning alternative cartoonist best known for his offbeat and bizarre explorations of childhood friendships.", "Steven Weissman __knowledge__ His work has been published by Alternative Comics, Fantagraphics, Retrofit and Vice.", "Steven Weissman __knowledge__ Weissman made his name with the Harvey and Ignatz award-nominated 1997 series \"Yikes!", "Steven Weissman __knowledge__ \", published by Alternative Comics.", "Steven Weissman __knowledge__ Described as a \"light tragedy,\" \"Yikes\" comics featured Li'l Bloody, the Pullapart Boy and additional \"Peanuts\" sized children modeled after popular monsters.", "Steven Weissman __knowledge__ As a comic magazine, \"Yikes\" was short lived, but the title continued to be published as book-length collections through Fantagraphics Books until 2010.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ South African criminal law is the body of national law relating to crime in South Africa.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In the definition of Van der Walt \"et al\", a crime is \"conduct which common or statute law prohibits and expressly or impliedly subjects to punishment remissible by the state alone and which the offender cannot avoid by his own act once he has been convicted.\"", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ Crime involves the infliction of harm against society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ The function or object of criminal law is to provide a social mechanism with which to coerce members of society to abstain from conduct that is harmful to the interests of society.", "South African criminal law __knowledge__ In South Africa, as in most adversarial legal systems, the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.", "Trichohathliodes __knowledge__ Trichohathliodes is a monotypic beetle genus in the family Cerambycidae described by Stephan von Breuning in 1959.", "Trichohathliodes __knowledge__ Its only species, Trichohathliodes molitorius, was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1917.", "Przemysł II __knowledge__ Przemysł II ( also given in English and Latin as \"Premyslas\" or \"Premislaus\" or less properly \"\"; 14 October 1257 – 8 February 1296), was the Duke of Poznań from 1257–1279, of Greater Poland from 1279–1296, of Kraków from 1290–1291, and Gdańsk Pomerania (Pomerelia) from 1294–1296, and then King of Poland from 1295 until his death.", "Przemysł II __knowledge__ After a long period of Polish High Dukes and two nominal kings, he was the first to obtain the hereditary title of King, and thus to return Poland to the rank of Kingdom.", "Przemysł II __knowledge__ A member of the Greater Poland branch of the House of Piast as the only son of Duke Przemysł I and the Silesian princess Elisabeth, he was born posthumously; for this reason he was brought up at the court of his uncle Bolesław the Pious and received his own district to rule, the Duchy of Poznań in 1273.", "Mr. Garrison __knowledge__ Herbert Garrison is a fictional character in the American animated television series \"South Park\", He is voiced by Trey Parker and first appeared on television on August 13, 1997 in \"South Park\"s pilot episode \"Cartman Gets an Anal Probe\".", "Mr. Garrison __knowledge__ Mr. Garrison was depicted primarily as a teacher until his dismissal, and then mounted a campaign that resulted in his election as President of the United States.", "Mr. Garrison __knowledge__ Garrison is particularly cynical, especially in comparison with the rest of South Park's adults, and he is one of the few characters to ever break the fourth wall on the show.", "Mr. Garrison __knowledge__ Mr. Garrison was in part inspired by a kindergarten teacher who taught Trey Parker, and who used a puppet named Mr. Hat as a teaching resource.", "Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX __knowledge__ Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX (\"nine books of memorable deeds and sayings\", also known as \"De factis dictisque memorabilibus\" or \"Facta et dicta memorabilia\") by Valerius Maximus (c. 20 BCE – c. CE 50) was written around CE 30 or 31.", "Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX __knowledge__ It is a collection of approximately a thousand short stories that Valerius wrote during the reign of Tiberius (42 BCE – CE 37).", "Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX __knowledge__ The stories are a variety of anecdotes illustrating how the ancient Romans lived.", "Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX __knowledge__ While the majority of the stories are of Roman life, he does have some foreign stories at the end of some chapters.", "Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX __knowledge__ Most of these are of Greek life and most of those are about Greek philosophers or famous kings.", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ A comprehensive list of characters from the \"Soul\" series of fighting games produced by Namco.", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ The \"Soul\" series is a weapon-based fighting game franchise developed by Namco Bandai's Project Soul division and consists of eight games: \"Soul Edge\", \"Soulcalibur\", \"Soulcalibur II\", \"Soulcalibur III\", \"Soulcalibur Legends\", \"Soulcalibur IV\", \"\" and \"Soulcalibur V\".", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ Set in the 16th century, the plot of the games revolve around Soul Edge, a cursed sword able to possess its wielder and devour souls.", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ Its spirit is called Inferno, and his avatar/host is called Nightmare.", "List of Soulcalibur characters __knowledge__ Soul Calibur, a holy sword and Soul Edge's antithesis, also has a spirit called Elysium.", "Soulcalibur __knowledge__ The is a weapon-based fighting video game franchise by Bandai Namco Entertainment.", "Soulcalibur __knowledge__ There are six main installments of video games and various media spin-offs, including music albums and a series of manga books.", "Soulcalibur __knowledge__ Originally released as an arcade game with \"Soul Edge\" in 1995, and later ported to video game consoles, more recent versions have been released for consoles only and have evolved to include online playing modes.", "Soulcalibur __knowledge__ The central motif of the series, set in a historical fantasy version of the 16th century, are mythical swords, the evil weapon called 'Soul Edge' and the subsequent sword used to oppose this evil, 'Soul Calibur'.", "Dreamcast __knowledge__ The Dreamcast is a home video game console released by Sega on November 27, 1998 in Japan, September 9, 1999 in North America, and October 14, 1999 in Europe.", "Dreamcast __knowledge__ It was the first in the sixth generation of video game consoles, preceding Sony's PlayStation 2, Nintendo's GameCube and Microsoft's Xbox.", "Dreamcast __knowledge__ The Dreamcast was Sega's final home console, marking the end of the company's 18 years in the console market.", "Dreamcast __knowledge__ In contrast to the expensive hardware of the unsuccessful Sega Saturn, the Dreamcast was designed to reduce costs with \"off-the-shelf\" components, including a Hitachi SH-4 CPU and an NEC PowerVR2 GPU.", "Taki (Soulcalibur) __knowledge__ In-game, Taki is most capable at close quarters where her speed, acrobatic agility and powerful kicks are the most effective.", "Taki (Soulcalibur) __knowledge__ She was voiced in Japanese by Fujiko Takimoto until \"Soulcalibur III\" and then by Sachiko Kojima in later games; Desirée Goyette voiced her in the English version of \"Soulcalibur II.\"", "Taki (Soulcalibur) __knowledge__ Taki has achieved a significant popularity among the fans of the series, especially in the West.", "Taki (Soulcalibur) __knowledge__ She has also received mostly positive feedback from game journalists, being often regarded as one of the best female ninja characters in video games as well as one of sex symbols of the fighting genre and gaming in general, sometimes compared in these aspects to the likes of Mai Shiranui and the ninja women from \"Mortal Kombat\".", "Nightmare (Soulcalibur) __knowledge__ Nightmare first appeared in one of the possible endings for the Siegfried character in the game \"Soul Edge\".", "Nightmare (Soulcalibur) __knowledge__ In the sequel \"Soulcalibur\", he was given a name and featured as a central character.", "Nightmare (Soulcalibur) __knowledge__ Ever since then, Nightmare has been the main antagonist and owner of the powerful evil sword Soul Edge, and thus the objective of most other characters in the story.", "Nightmare (Soulcalibur) __knowledge__ Appearing in every game of the series, Nightmare has served as a recurring antagonist in contrast to the protagonist role played by Siegfried, as well as serving as Siegfried's archenemy until \"Soul Calibur V\" where a new Nightmare was there.", "Tira (Soulcalibur) __knowledge__ The character is positively received by the public, often noted for her unique style of clothing and sexual appeal, although her fighting style has received mixed reception, with some citating it difficult to control.", "Tira (Soulcalibur) __knowledge__ Tira's likeness has been also used on various merchandise related to the series.", "Tira (Soulcalibur) __knowledge__ Tira first appeared in \"Soulcalibur III\", as an assassin that fled her previous group due to her mental instability.", "Tira (Soulcalibur) __knowledge__ Though she attempted a peaceful life in a quiet city, she found her urge to kill eventually uncontrollable and wandered until she learned of the living sword Soul Edge and its wielder, Nightmare.", "Sophitia __knowledge__ , better known as just Sophitia, is a fictional character in the \"Soulcalibur\" series of video games.", "Sophitia __knowledge__ Created by Namco's Project Soul division, she first appeared in \"Soul Edge\" in which she was arguably the main character due to her prominence in fighting Soul Edge and its subsequent sequels, as well as appearing in various merchandise related to the series.", "Sophitia __knowledge__ A baker-turned warrior, Sophitia became involved in the search for the cursed sword, Soul Edge, following the blessings of the god Hephaestus.", "Sophitia __knowledge__ The affair soon affected her other family members as well, including her sister, Cassandra, and later her children, Pyrrha and Patroklos." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Tupac Amaru Shakur ( ) (born Lesane Parish Crooks; June 16, 1971September 13, 1996), also known by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper, poet and actor.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur sold over 75 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ His double disc albums \"All Eyez on Me\" (1996) and his \"Greatest Hits\" (1998) are among the best-selling albums in the United States.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur is consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential rappers of all time and he has been listed and ranked as one of the greatest artists of any genre by many publications, including \"Rolling Stone\", which ranked him 86th on its list of The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ On April 7, 2017, Shakur was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur began his career as a roadie, backup dancer and MC for the alternative hip hop group Digital Underground, eventually branching off as a solo artist.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Most of the themes in Shakur's songs revolved around the violence and hardship in inner cities, racism, and other social issues.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Both of his parents and several other people in his family were members of the Black Panther Party, whose ideals were reflected in his songs.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ This story forms the basis for the traditional Navajo way of life.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ The basic outline of begins with the (Holy Wind) being created, the mists of lights which arose through the darkness to animate and bring purpose to the four (Holy People), supernatural and sacred in the different three lower worlds.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ All these things were spiritually created in the time before the Earth existed and the physical aspect of humans did not exist yet, but the spiritual did.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ The First or Dark World, , was small and centered on an island floating in the middle of four seas.", "Diné Bahaneʼ __knowledge__ The inhabitants of the first world were the four , the two Coyotes, the four rulers of the four seas, mist beings and various insect and bat people, the latter being the Air-Spirit People.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Specimens of Middle Cornish texts are given here in Cornish and English.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Both texts have been dated within the period 1370-1410 and the \"Charter Fragment\" is given in two Cornish orthographies.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ (Earlier examples of written Cornish exist but these are the first in continuous prose or verse.)", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ It was not until the reign of Athelstan that the Cornish kings became subject to the rulers of Wessex: even so the border was established irrevocably on the east bank on the Tamar and in ecclesiastical matters Cornwall was added to the territory of the Bishops of Sherborne.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Under Canute it ceased to be subject to the King of England and only later, at an unknown date in Edward the Confessor's reign was annexed again.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty __knowledge__ The Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT) is the abbreviated name of the 1963 Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water, which prohibited all test detonations of nuclear weapons except for those conducted underground.", "Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty __knowledge__ It is also abbreviated as the Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT) and Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (NTBT), though the latter may also refer to the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), which succeeded the PTBT for ratifying parties.", "Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty __knowledge__ Negotiations initially focused on a comprehensive ban, but this was abandoned due to technical questions surrounding the detection of underground tests and Soviet concerns over the intrusiveness of proposed verification methods.", "Squanto __knowledge__ Tisquantum (; 1585 (±10 years ?)", "Squanto __knowledge__ – late November 1622 o.s.", "Squanto __knowledge__ ), more commonly known by the diminutive variant Squanto, was a member of the Patuxet tribe best known for being an early liaison between the native populations in Southern New England and the \"Mayflower\" settlers, who made their settlement at the site of Squanto's former summer village.", "Squanto __knowledge__ The Patuxet tribe had lived on the western coast of Cape Cod Bay, but they were wiped out by an epidemic infection.", "Squanto __knowledge__ Squanto was the last of the tribe, and he acted as a translator, guide, and advisor while he lived with the Pilgrims for 20 months.", "Squanto __knowledge__ He showed them how to sow and fertilize native crops, and this proved to be a boon when the seeds brought largely failed which had been brought from England.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Black Sabbath were an English rock band, formed in Birmingham in 1968, by guitarist and main songwriter Tony Iommi, bassist and main lyricist Geezer Butler, singer Ozzy Osbourne, and drummer Bill Ward.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Black Sabbath are often cited as pioneers of heavy metal music.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ The band helped define the genre with releases such as \"Black Sabbath\" (1970), \"Paranoid\" (1970) and \"Master of Reality\" (1971).", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ The band had multiple line-up changes, with Iommi being the only constant member throughout its history.", "Black Sabbath __knowledge__ Formed in 1968 as the Polka Tulk Blues Band, a blues rock band, the group went through line up changes, renamed themselves as Earth, broke up and reformed.", "Dreamcast __knowledge__ The Dreamcast is a home video game console released by Sega on November 27, 1998 in Japan, September 9, 1999 in North America, and October 14, 1999 in Europe.", "Dreamcast __knowledge__ It was the first in the sixth generation of video game consoles, preceding Sony's PlayStation 2, Nintendo's GameCube and Microsoft's Xbox.", "Dreamcast __knowledge__ The Dreamcast was Sega's final home console, marking the end of the company's 18 years in the console market.", "Dreamcast __knowledge__ In contrast to the expensive hardware of the unsuccessful Sega Saturn, the Dreamcast was designed to reduce costs with \"off-the-shelf\" components, including a Hitachi SH-4 CPU and an NEC PowerVR2 GPU.", "Sixth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ In the history of video games, the sixth-generation era (sometimes referred to as the 128-bit era; see \"Bits and system power\" below) refers to the computer and video games, video game consoles, and video game handhelds available at the turn of the 21st century which was from 1998 to 2005.", "Sixth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ Platforms of the sixth generation include the Sega Dreamcast, Sony PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, and Microsoft Xbox.", "Sixth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ This era began on November 27, 1998 with the Japanese release of the Dreamcast, and it was joined by the PlayStation 2 in March 2000 and the GameCube and Xbox in 2001.", "Sixth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ The Dreamcast was discontinued in 2001, the GameCube in 2007, Xbox in 2009 and PlayStation 2 in 2013.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ The Sega Saturn is a 32-bit fifth-generation home video game console that was developed by Sega and released on November 22, 1994 in Japan, May 11, 1995 in North America, and July 8, 1995 in Europe.", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ The successor to the successful Sega Genesis, the Saturn has a dual-CPU architecture and eight processors.", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ Its games are in CD-ROM format, and its game library contains several arcade ports as well as original games.", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ Development of the Saturn began in 1992, the same year Sega's groundbreaking 3D Model 1 arcade hardware debuted.", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ Designed around a new CPU from Japanese electronics company Hitachi, another video display processor was incorporated into the system's design in early 1994 to better compete with Sony's forthcoming PlayStation.", "Sega __knowledge__ , originally short for Service Games and officially styled as SEGA, is a Japanese multinational video game developer and publisher headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, with offices around the world.", "Sega __knowledge__ Sega developed and manufactured numerous home video game consoles from 1983 to 2001, but after financial losses incurred from its Dreamcast console, the company restructured to focus on providing software as a third-party developer.", "Sega __knowledge__ Sega remains the world's most prolific arcade producer, with over 500 games in over 70 franchises on more than 20 different arcade system boards since 1981.", "Sega __knowledge__ Sega is known for its multi-million selling game franchises, such as \"Sonic the Hedgehog\", \"Virtua Fighter\", \"Phantasy Star\", \"Yakuza\", and \"Total War\".", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ As a hit-driven business, the great majority of the video game industry's software releases have been commercial failures.", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ In the early 21st century, industry commentators made these general estimates: 10% of published games generated 90% of revenue; that around 3% of PC games and 15% of console games have global sales of 100,000+ a year, with even this level insufficient to make high-budget titles profitable; and that about 20% of games make a profit.", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ Some of these have drastically changed the video game market since its birth in the late 1970s.", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ For example, the failures of \"E.T.\"", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ and \"Pac-Man\" for the Atari 2600 contributed to the video game crash of 1983.", "GD-ROM __knowledge__ GD-ROM (an abbreviation of \"Gigabyte Disc Read-Only Memory\") is a proprietary optical disc format originally used for the Dreamcast video game console, as well as its arcade counterpart, the Sega NAOMI and select Triforce arcade board titles.", "GD-ROM __knowledge__ Developed by Yamaha, Sega intended to use the format to curb piracy common to standard compact discs and to offer increased storage capacity.", "GD-ROM __knowledge__ It is similar to the standard CD-ROM except that the pits on the disc are packed more closely together, resulting in a higher storage capacity of 1 gigabyte, a 42% increase over a conventional CD's capacity of 700 megabytes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Tupac Amaru Shakur ( ) (born Lesane Parish Crooks; June 16, 1971September 13, 1996), also known by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper, poet and actor.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur sold over 75 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ His double disc albums \"All Eyez on Me\" (1996) and his \"Greatest Hits\" (1998) are among the best-selling albums in the United States.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur is consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential rappers of all time and he has been listed and ranked as one of the greatest artists of any genre by many publications, including \"Rolling Stone\", which ranked him 86th on its list of The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ On April 7, 2017, Shakur was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur began his career as a roadie, backup dancer and MC for the alternative hip hop group Digital Underground, eventually branching off as a solo artist.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Most of the themes in Shakur's songs revolved around the violence and hardship in inner cities, racism, and other social issues.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Both of his parents and several other people in his family were members of the Black Panther Party, whose ideals were reflected in his songs.", "Sega Genesis __knowledge__ The Sega Genesis, known as the Mega Drive in regions outside of North America, is a 16-bit home video game console developed and sold by Sega.", "Sega Genesis __knowledge__ The Genesis was Sega's third console and the successor to the Master System.", "Sega Genesis __knowledge__ Sega released the console as the Mega Drive in Japan in 1988, followed by North America as the Genesis in 1989.", "Sega Genesis __knowledge__ In 1990, the console was distributed as the Mega Drive by Virgin Mastertronic in Europe, Ozisoft in Australasia, and Tectoy in Brazil.", "Sega Genesis __knowledge__ In South Korea, the systems were distributed by Samsung as the Super Gam*Boy and later the Super Aladdin Boy.", "Sega Genesis __knowledge__ Designed by an R&D team supervised by Hideki Sato and Masami Ishikawa, the hardware was adapted from Sega's System 16 arcade board, centered on a Motorola 68000 processor as a primary CPU and a Zilog Z80 as a secondary processor.", "Dreamcast __knowledge__ The Dreamcast is a home video game console released by Sega on November 27, 1998 in Japan, September 9, 1999 in North America, and October 14, 1999 in Europe.", "Dreamcast __knowledge__ It was the first in the sixth generation of video game consoles, preceding Sony's PlayStation 2, Nintendo's GameCube and Microsoft's Xbox.", "Dreamcast __knowledge__ The Dreamcast was Sega's final home console, marking the end of the company's 18 years in the console market.", "Dreamcast __knowledge__ In contrast to the expensive hardware of the unsuccessful Sega Saturn, the Dreamcast was designed to reduce costs with \"off-the-shelf\" components, including a Hitachi SH-4 CPU and an NEC PowerVR2 GPU.", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ The Sega Saturn is a 32-bit fifth-generation home video game console that was developed by Sega and released on November 22, 1994 in Japan, May 11, 1995 in North America, and July 8, 1995 in Europe.", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ The successor to the successful Sega Genesis, the Saturn has a dual-CPU architecture and eight processors.", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ Its games are in CD-ROM format, and its game library contains several arcade ports as well as original games.", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ Development of the Saturn began in 1992, the same year Sega's groundbreaking 3D Model 1 arcade hardware debuted.", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ Designed around a new CPU from Japanese electronics company Hitachi, another video display processor was incorporated into the system's design in early 1994 to better compete with Sony's forthcoming PlayStation.", "Sega __knowledge__ , originally short for Service Games and officially styled as SEGA, is a Japanese multinational video game developer and publisher headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, with offices around the world.", "Sega __knowledge__ Sega developed and manufactured numerous home video game consoles from 1983 to 2001, but after financial losses incurred from its Dreamcast console, the company restructured to focus on providing software as a third-party developer.", "Sega __knowledge__ Sega remains the world's most prolific arcade producer, with over 500 games in over 70 franchises on more than 20 different arcade system boards since 1981.", "Sega __knowledge__ Sega is known for its multi-million selling game franchises, such as \"Sonic the Hedgehog\", \"Virtua Fighter\", \"Phantasy Star\", \"Yakuza\", and \"Total War\".", "Sega CD __knowledge__ The Sega CD, released as the Mega-CD in most regions outside North America, is a CD-ROM accessory for the Sega Genesis video game console designed and produced by Sega as part of the fourth generation of video game consoles.", "Sega CD __knowledge__ The add-on was released on December 12, 1991 in Japan, October 15, 1992 in North America, and 1993 in Europe.", "Sega CD __knowledge__ The Sega CD lets the user play CD-based games and adds extra hardware functionality, such as a faster central processing unit and graphic enhancements.", "Sega CD __knowledge__ It can also play audio CDs and CD+G discs.", "Sega CD __knowledge__ Seeking to create an add-on device for the Genesis, Sega developed the unit to read compact discs as its storage medium.", "List of Sega arcade system boards __knowledge__ The following is a list of arcade system boards released by Sega.", "List of Sega arcade system boards __knowledge__ For games running on these system boards, see List of Sega arcade games.", "List of Sega arcade system boards __knowledge__ Sega released the \"Sega VIC Dual\" arcade system board in 1977 as one of the first systems to use the Zilog Z80 microprocessor.", "List of Sega arcade system boards __knowledge__ Some of the games on the system include \"Depthcharge\" (1977), \"Frogs\" (1978), \"Heiankyo Alien\" (1979), \"Head On\" (1979), \"Carnival\" (1980), and \"Samurai\" (1980).", "List of Sega arcade system boards __knowledge__ \"Sega Z80\" is an arcade system board that is named after the Zilog Z80 processor it uses as its main CPU.", "List of Sega arcade system boards __knowledge__ It released in 1980, with games such as \"Moon Cresta\", using a modified version of the Namco Galaxian system board.", "32X __knowledge__ The 32X is an add-on for the Sega Genesis video game console.", "32X __knowledge__ Codenamed \"Project Mars\", the 32X was designed to expand the power of the Genesis and serve as a transitional console into the 32-bit era until the release of the Sega Saturn.", "32X __knowledge__ Independent of the Genesis, the 32X uses its own ROM cartridges and has its own library of games.", "32X __knowledge__ The add-on was distributed under the name Super 32X in Japan, Genesis 32X in North America, Mega Drive 32X in the PAL region, and Mega 32X in Brazil.", "32X __knowledge__ Unveiled by Sega at June 1994's Consumer Electronics Show, the 32X was presented as a low-cost option for consumers looking to play 32-bit games.", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ As a hit-driven business, the great majority of the video game industry's software releases have been commercial failures.", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ In the early 21st century, industry commentators made these general estimates: 10% of published games generated 90% of revenue; that around 3% of PC games and 15% of console games have global sales of 100,000+ a year, with even this level insufficient to make high-budget titles profitable; and that about 20% of games make a profit.", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ Some of these have drastically changed the video game market since its birth in the late 1970s.", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ For example, the failures of \"E.T.\"", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ and \"Pac-Man\" for the Atari 2600 contributed to the video game crash of 1983.", "Nights into Dreams __knowledge__ Nights into Dreams is an action video game developed by Sonic Team and published by Sega for the Sega Saturn in 1996.", "Nights into Dreams __knowledge__ The story follows teenagers Claris and Elliot, who enter Nightopia, a dream world where all dreams take place.", "Nights into Dreams __knowledge__ With the help of Nights, an exiled \"Nightmaren\", they begin a journey to stop the evil ruler Wizeman from destroying Nightopia and consequently the real world.", "Nights into Dreams __knowledge__ Gameplay is centred around Nights flying through Claris and Elliot's dreams to gather enough energy to defeat Wizeman and save Nightopia.", "Nights into Dreams __knowledge__ The game is presented in 3D and imposes time limits on every level, in which the player must accumulate enough points to proceed.", "Bounce Back (Fire on Blonde song) __knowledge__ \"Bounce Back\" is a song written by Michael Jay and Gregory Smith.", "Bounce Back (Fire on Blonde song) __knowledge__ The best-known version of the song is the 1990 version by American freestyle and dance-pop singer Alisha, from her same-titled album \"Bounce Back\", although the track was also recorded by duo Fire on Blonde and American pop singer-songwriter Martika.", "Bounce Back (Fire on Blonde song) __knowledge__ \"Bounce Back\" was originally released as single in 1987 by American Los Angeles based duo Fire on Blonde.", "Bounce Back (Fire on Blonde song) __knowledge__ The release was a non-album single and was the band's third and final single release in total.", "Bounce Back (Fire on Blonde song) __knowledge__ Formed by keyboardist Jim Vukovich and singer Suzie Benson in 1985, the band released their Atlantic Records debut single in 1986, \"Stop and Think\", which failed to make any mainstream impact." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Tupac Amaru Shakur ( ) (born Lesane Parish Crooks; June 16, 1971September 13, 1996), also known by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper, poet and actor.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur sold over 75 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ His double disc albums \"All Eyez on Me\" (1996) and his \"Greatest Hits\" (1998) are among the best-selling albums in the United States.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur is consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential rappers of all time and he has been listed and ranked as one of the greatest artists of any genre by many publications, including \"Rolling Stone\", which ranked him 86th on its list of The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ On April 7, 2017, Shakur was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Shakur began his career as a roadie, backup dancer and MC for the alternative hip hop group Digital Underground, eventually branching off as a solo artist.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Most of the themes in Shakur's songs revolved around the violence and hardship in inner cities, racism, and other social issues.", "Tupac Shakur __knowledge__ Both of his parents and several other people in his family were members of the Black Panther Party, whose ideals were reflected in his songs.", "Sega Genesis __knowledge__ The Sega Genesis, known as the Mega Drive in regions outside of North America, is a 16-bit home video game console developed and sold by Sega.", "Sega Genesis __knowledge__ The Genesis was Sega's third console and the successor to the Master System.", "Sega Genesis __knowledge__ Sega released the console as the Mega Drive in Japan in 1988, followed by North America as the Genesis in 1989.", "Sega Genesis __knowledge__ In 1990, the console was distributed as the Mega Drive by Virgin Mastertronic in Europe, Ozisoft in Australasia, and Tectoy in Brazil.", "Sega Genesis __knowledge__ In South Korea, the systems were distributed by Samsung as the Super Gam*Boy and later the Super Aladdin Boy.", "Sega Genesis __knowledge__ Designed by an R&D team supervised by Hideki Sato and Masami Ishikawa, the hardware was adapted from Sega's System 16 arcade board, centered on a Motorola 68000 processor as a primary CPU and a Zilog Z80 as a secondary processor.", "Sega v. Accolade __knowledge__ Sega Enterprises Ltd. v. Accolade, Inc., 977 F.2d 1510 (9th Cir.", "Sega v. Accolade __knowledge__ 1992), is a case in which the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit applied American intellectual property law to the reverse engineering of computer software.", "Sega v. Accolade __knowledge__ Stemming from the publishing of several Sega Genesis games by video game publisher Accolade, which had disassembled Genesis software in order to publish games without being licensed by Sega, the case involved several overlapping issues, including the scope of copyright, permissible uses for trademarks, and the scope of the fair use doctrine for computer code.", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ The Sega Saturn is a 32-bit fifth-generation home video game console that was developed by Sega and released on November 22, 1994 in Japan, May 11, 1995 in North America, and July 8, 1995 in Europe.", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ The successor to the successful Sega Genesis, the Saturn has a dual-CPU architecture and eight processors.", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ Its games are in CD-ROM format, and its game library contains several arcade ports as well as original games.", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ Development of the Saturn began in 1992, the same year Sega's groundbreaking 3D Model 1 arcade hardware debuted.", "Sega Saturn __knowledge__ Designed around a new CPU from Japanese electronics company Hitachi, another video display processor was incorporated into the system's design in early 1994 to better compete with Sony's forthcoming PlayStation.", "32X __knowledge__ The 32X is an add-on for the Sega Genesis video game console.", "32X __knowledge__ Codenamed \"Project Mars\", the 32X was designed to expand the power of the Genesis and serve as a transitional console into the 32-bit era until the release of the Sega Saturn.", "32X __knowledge__ Independent of the Genesis, the 32X uses its own ROM cartridges and has its own library of games.", "32X __knowledge__ The add-on was distributed under the name Super 32X in Japan, Genesis 32X in North America, Mega Drive 32X in the PAL region, and Mega 32X in Brazil.", "32X __knowledge__ Unveiled by Sega at June 1994's Consumer Electronics Show, the 32X was presented as a low-cost option for consumers looking to play 32-bit games.", "Sonic 3D Blast __knowledge__ Sonic 3D Blast is a 1996 platform video game developed by Traveller's Tales and Sonic Team, and published by Sega for the Sega Genesis, Sega Saturn, and Microsoft Windows.", "Sonic 3D Blast __knowledge__ Part of the \"Sonic the Hedgehog\" series, the game abandons previous \"Sonic\" games' side-scrolling style in favor of isometric gameplay, making use of pre-rendered 3D models converted into sprites.", "Sonic 3D Blast __knowledge__ The game features creatures known as Flickies, which first appeared in the 1984 arcade game \"Flicky\".", "Sonic 3D Blast __knowledge__ Controlling Sonic the Hedgehog, the player's goal is to collect Flickies and lead them to safety, periodically sparring with the series antagonist Dr. Robotnik, who is imprisoning them within robots.", "Sega CD __knowledge__ The Sega CD, released as the Mega-CD in most regions outside North America, is a CD-ROM accessory for the Sega Genesis video game console designed and produced by Sega as part of the fourth generation of video game consoles.", "Sega CD __knowledge__ The add-on was released on December 12, 1991 in Japan, October 15, 1992 in North America, and 1993 in Europe.", "Sega CD __knowledge__ The Sega CD lets the user play CD-based games and adds extra hardware functionality, such as a faster central processing unit and graphic enhancements.", "Sega CD __knowledge__ It can also play audio CDs and CD+G discs.", "Sega CD __knowledge__ Seeking to create an add-on device for the Genesis, Sega developed the unit to read compact discs as its storage medium.", "Sega __knowledge__ , originally short for Service Games and officially styled as SEGA, is a Japanese multinational video game developer and publisher headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, with offices around the world.", "Sega __knowledge__ Sega developed and manufactured numerous home video game consoles from 1983 to 2001, but after financial losses incurred from its Dreamcast console, the company restructured to focus on providing software as a third-party developer.", "Sega __knowledge__ Sega remains the world's most prolific arcade producer, with over 500 games in over 70 franchises on more than 20 different arcade system boards since 1981.", "Sega __knowledge__ Sega is known for its multi-million selling game franchises, such as \"Sonic the Hedgehog\", \"Virtua Fighter\", \"Phantasy Star\", \"Yakuza\", and \"Total War\".", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ As a hit-driven business, the great majority of the video game industry's software releases have been commercial failures.", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ In the early 21st century, industry commentators made these general estimates: 10% of published games generated 90% of revenue; that around 3% of PC games and 15% of console games have global sales of 100,000+ a year, with even this level insufficient to make high-budget titles profitable; and that about 20% of games make a profit.", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ Some of these have drastically changed the video game market since its birth in the late 1970s.", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ For example, the failures of \"E.T.\"", "List of commercial failures in video gaming __knowledge__ and \"Pac-Man\" for the Atari 2600 contributed to the video game crash of 1983.", "Video game console __knowledge__ A video game console is an electronic, digital or computer device that outputs a video signal or visual image to display a video game that one or more people can play.", "Video game console __knowledge__ The term \"video game console\" is primarily used to distinguish a console machine primarily designed for consumers to use for playing video games, in contrast to arcade machines or home computers.", "Video game console __knowledge__ An arcade machine consists of a video game computer, display, game controller (joystick, buttons, etc.)", "Video game console __knowledge__ and speakers housed in large chassis.", "Video game console __knowledge__ A home computer is a personal computer designed for home use for a variety of purposes, such as bookkeeping, accessing the Internet and playing video games.", "Master System __knowledge__ The Master System is a third-generation home video game console that was manufactured by Sega.", "Master System __knowledge__ It was originally released in 1985 as the Sega Mark III in Japan.", "Master System __knowledge__ After being redesigned prior to its North American launch, the console was renamed Master System and released in 1986 in North America, 1987 in Europe, and 1989 in Brazil.", "Master System __knowledge__ The Master System was also released in Japan in 1987 with additional features over the overseas models.", "Master System __knowledge__ Both the Mark III and the original Master System models could play with both cartridges (or \"Mega Cartridges\", as they were officially called) and the credit card-sized Sega Cards, which retailed at lower prices than cartridges but had lower storage capacity; the Master System II and later models did not have the card slot." ] ]

[ 0, 50, 0, 0, 11 ]

[ "He was! He was shot 4 times by a .40 calibur gun.", "The Sega Dreamcast was put out in japan in september 1998, but it took until septemeber 1999 to come out in the US.", "I don't know why, I know they were trying to bounce back from the Sega Saturn which flopped before.", "The Sega Genesis was a 16 bit console that was known as the mega drive outside the US.", "The genesis was released in japan in 1988, then came out in the US in 1989." ]

[ "Tupac Shakur", "Tupac Shakur", "Tupac Shakur", "Tupac Shakur", "Tupac Shakur" ]

[ "Game of Thrones\nGame of Thrones is my favorite program, have you seen it?", "Yes based on the \"Song of Ice and Fire\" George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels", "The series chronicles the violent dynastic struggles among the realm's noble families for the Iron Throne, while other families fight for independence from it. Such a good story", "The series is generally praised for what is perceived as a sort of medieval realism I like the special effects!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"A Game of Thrones\".", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and the United States.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering in 2019.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, \"Game of Thrones\" has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc centers on the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms and follows a web of alliances and conflicts among the dynastic noble families either vying to claim the throne or fighting for independence from the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second story arc focuses on the last descendant of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty, exiled and plotting a return to the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The third story arc centers on the longstanding brotherhood charged with defending the realm against the ancient threats of the fierce peoples and legendary creatures that lie far north, and an impending winter that threatens the realm.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ \"Game of Thrones\" is an American fantasy drama television series created for HBO by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The story takes place on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, it has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc follows a dynastic conflict among competing claimants for succession to the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms, with other noble families fighting for independence from the throne.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second covers attempts to reclaim the throne by the exiled last scion of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty; the third chronicles the threat of the impending winter and the legendary creatures and fierce peoples of the North.", "Depletion force __knowledge__ A depletion force is an effective attractive force that arises between large colloidal particles that are suspended in a dilute solution of \"depletants\", which are smaller solutes that are preferentially excluded from the vicinity of the large particles.", "Depletion force __knowledge__ One of the earliest reports of depletion forces that lead to particle coagulation is that of Bondy, who observed the separation or 'creaming' of rubber latex upon addition of polymer depletant molecules (sodium alginate) to solution.", "Depletion force __knowledge__ More generally, depletants can include polymers, micelles, osmolytes, ink, mud, or paint dispersed in a continuous phase.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" novels feature a sizable cast of characters.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ The series follows three interwoven plotlines: a dynastic war for control of Westeros by several families; the rising threat of the superhuman Others beyond Westeros's northern border; and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen, the exiled heir of the previous ruling dynasty.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ Each chapter is narrated in the third person limited point of view through the eyes of a single character.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ Beginning with nine POV characters in \"A Game of Thrones\" (1996), the number grows to thirty-one by \"A Dance with Dragons\" (2011).", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", in 1991 and had it published in 1996.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, \"A Dance with Dragons\", took Martin six years to write.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He is still writing the sixth novel, \"The Winds of Winter\".", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The following is a list of works based on \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", the series of fantasy novels by George R. R. Martin.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin wrote three separate novellas set ninety years before the events of the novels.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ These novellas are known as the \"Tales of Dunk and Egg\" after the main protagonists, Ser Duncan the Tall and his squire \"Egg\", the later King Aegon V Targaryen.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The stories have no direct connection to the plot of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", although both characters are mentioned in \"A Storm of Swords\" and \"A Feast For Crows\", respectively.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The novellas were published in short story anthologies: The unfinished series of novellas is to continue to be published in a series of collections entitled \"A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms\".", "Rise of Nations: Thrones and Patriots __knowledge__ Rise of Nations: Thrones and Patriots is the official expansion pack to the real-time strategy video game \"Rise of Nations\".", "Rise of Nations: Thrones and Patriots __knowledge__ The game is the second in a series of \"Rise of Nations\" games by Big Huge Games.", "Rise of Nations: Thrones and Patriots __knowledge__ \"Thrones and Patriots\" had its premiere release for Microsoft Windows on April 27, 2004 in North America.", "Rise of Nations: Thrones and Patriots __knowledge__ It was ported to and released for Mac OS X in November 2004.", "Rise of Nations: Thrones and Patriots __knowledge__ \"Rise of Nations: Extended Edition\" was released on Steam on June 12, 2014 and includes both the original game and \"Thrones and Patriots\" with updated graphics and Steamworks integration for multiplayer.", "Rise of Nations: Thrones and Patriots __knowledge__ \"Thrones and Patriots\" expanded on a variety of features in the original game, such as new monuments (called \"Wonders\"), nations, governments, and campaigns." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"A Game of Thrones\".", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and the United States.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering in 2019.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, \"Game of Thrones\" has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc centers on the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms and follows a web of alliances and conflicts among the dynastic noble families either vying to claim the throne or fighting for independence from the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second story arc focuses on the last descendant of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty, exiled and plotting a return to the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The third story arc centers on the longstanding brotherhood charged with defending the realm against the ancient threats of the fierce peoples and legendary creatures that lie far north, and an impending winter that threatens the realm.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", in 1991 and had it published in 1996.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, \"A Dance with Dragons\", took Martin six years to write.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He is still writing the sixth novel, \"The Winds of Winter\".", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ George Raymond Richard Martin (born George Raymond Martin; September 20, 1948), often referred to as George R. R. Martin, is an American novelist and short-story writer in the fantasy, horror, and science fiction genres, screenwriter, and television producer.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ He is best known for his series of epic fantasy novels, \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", which was later adapted into the HBO series \"Game of Thrones\" (2011–present).", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ In 2005, Lev Grossman of \"Time\" called Martin \"the American Tolkien\", and in 2011, he was included on the annual \"Time\" 100 list of the most influential people in the world.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ George Raymond Martin (he later adopted the confirmation name Richard at 13 years old) was born on September 20, 1948, in Bayonne, New Jersey, the son of longshoreman Raymond Collins Martin and his wife Margaret Brady Martin.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The following is a list of works based on \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", the series of fantasy novels by George R. R. Martin.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin wrote three separate novellas set ninety years before the events of the novels.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ These novellas are known as the \"Tales of Dunk and Egg\" after the main protagonists, Ser Duncan the Tall and his squire \"Egg\", the later King Aegon V Targaryen.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The stories have no direct connection to the plot of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", although both characters are mentioned in \"A Storm of Swords\" and \"A Feast For Crows\", respectively.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The novellas were published in short story anthologies: The unfinished series of novellas is to continue to be published in a series of collections entitled \"A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms\".", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" is an ongoing series of epic fantasy novels by American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The first installment of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", which was originally planned as a trilogy, was published in 1996.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The series now consists of five published volumes, and two more volumes are planned.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The series is told in the third-person through the eyes of a number of point of view characters.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A television series adaptation, \"Game of Thrones\", premiered on HBO in 2011.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place in a fictional world, primarily on a continent called Westeros, and additionally on a large landmass to the east, known as Essos.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Elements of the supernatural and the fantastic were an element of literature from its beginning.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ The modern genre is distinguished from tales and folklore, that contain fantastic elements, by firstly the acknowledged fictitious nature of the work, and secondly the naming an author.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Works in which the marvels were not necessarily believed, or only half-believed, such as the European romances of chivalry and the tales of the \"Arabian Nights\", slowly evolved into works with such traits.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Authors like George MacDonald (1824 –1905) created the first explicitly fantastic works.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Later, in the twentieth century, the publication of \"The Lord of the Rings\" by J. R. R. Tolkien enormously influenced fantasy writing, establishing the form of epic fantasy.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fictional world in which the \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" novels by George R. R. Martin take place is divided into several continents, known collectively as The Known World.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Most of the story takes place on the continent Westeros, in a large political entity known as the Seven Kingdoms.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The \"Seven Kingdoms\" actually consist of nine regions (the North, the Iron Islands, the Riverlands, the Vale, the Westerlands, the Stormlands, the Reach, the Crownlands, and Dorne), and there is a largely unmapped area to the north, separated from the Seven Kingdoms by a massive wall of ice and old magic.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The vast continent of Essos lies to the east of Westeros, across the Narrow Sea.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ Aircraft in fiction covers the various real-world aircraft that have made significant appearances in fiction over the decades, including in books, films, toys, TV programs, video games, and other media.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ These appearances spotlight the popularity of different models of aircraft, and showcase the different types for the general public.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ The first aviation film was the 1911 William J. Humphrey–directed two-reeler, \"The Military Air-Scout\", shot following an Aero Club of America flying meet at Long Island, New York, with Lt. Henry Arnold doing the stunt flying.", "Aircraft in fiction __knowledge__ \"Arnold, who picked up 'a few extra bucks' for his services, became so excited about movies that he almost quit the Army to become an actor.\"", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of M*A*S*H characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the \"M*A*S*H\" franchise, covering the various fictional characters appearing in the novel \"\" and its sequels, the 1970 film adaptation of the novel, and the television series M*A*S*H, \"AfterMASH\", \"W*A*L*T*E*R\", and \"Trapper John, M.D.. M*A*S*H is a popular media franchise revolving around the staff of the 4077th Mobile Army Surgical Hospital as they attempt to maintain sanity during the harshness of the Korean War.", "List of M*A*S*H characters __knowledge__ Captain Benjamin Franklin \"Hawkeye\" Pierce is the lead protagonist in the \"MASH\" novels, film, and television series.", "Once Upon a Time (TV series) __knowledge__ Once Upon a Time is an American fantasy drama television series that premiered on October 23, 2011, on ABC.", "Once Upon a Time (TV series) __knowledge__ The show follows various fairy-tale characters who were transported to the real world and robbed of their original memories by a powerful curse.", "Once Upon a Time (TV series) __knowledge__ The first six seasons were set in the fictitious seaside town of Storybrooke, Maine, with Emma Swan as the lead character, while the seventh takes place in a Seattle, Washington neighborhood called Hyperion Heights, with a new main narrative led by an adult Henry Mills.", "Once Upon a Time (TV series) __knowledge__ It borrows elements and characters from the Disney franchise and popular Western literature, folklore, and fairy tales.", "Grace Phipps __knowledge__ Grace Victoria Phipps (born May 4, 1992), also known professionally as Gracie Gillam, is an American actress, singer and dancer.", "Grace Phipps __knowledge__ Grace Phipps is well known for starring in Disney channel movies \"Teen Beach Movie\" and \"Teen Beach 2\".", "Grace Phipps __knowledge__ In 2011, immediately after graduating from high school, Phipps starred in the prime role as Bee in the 2011 movie remake of the 1985 horror film \"Fright Night\", a DreamWorks movie.", "Grace Phipps __knowledge__ That year, she also originated the role of Amy in \"The Nine Lives of Chloe King\", an ABC Family series.", "Grace Phipps __knowledge__ She was cast as edgy beauty April Young in \"The Vampire Diaries\" in 2012, appearing in ten episodes in season four.", "Robert Kazinsky __knowledge__ Robert John Appleby, better known by the stage name Robert Kazinsky, is an English actor and model.", "Robert Kazinsky __knowledge__ He is best known for his appearances as Casper Rose in the Sky One drama \"Dream Team\", Sean Slater in the BBC One soap opera \"EastEnders\", Chuck Hansen in \"Pacific Rim\", and Macklyn Warlow in the sixth season of HBO's \"True Blood\" in 2013.", "Robert Kazinsky __knowledge__ In 2016, he played the orc warchief Orgrim Doomhammer in \"Warcraft\" and had the lead role in the U.S. Fox TV series \"Second Chance\".", "Robert Kazinsky __knowledge__ Kazinsky was born Robert John Appleby in Haywards Heath, the son of Phyllis and Paul Appleby.", "Robert Kazinsky __knowledge__ He grew up in Brighton.", "Robert Kazinsky __knowledge__ He has an older brother, Michael." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"A Game of Thrones\".", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and the United States.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering in 2019.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, \"Game of Thrones\" has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc centers on the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms and follows a web of alliances and conflicts among the dynastic noble families either vying to claim the throne or fighting for independence from the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second story arc focuses on the last descendant of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty, exiled and plotting a return to the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The third story arc centers on the longstanding brotherhood charged with defending the realm against the ancient threats of the fierce peoples and legendary creatures that lie far north, and an impending winter that threatens the realm.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The characters from the American medieval fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\" are based on their respective counterparts from author George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" series of novels.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ Set in a fictional universe that has been referred to so far as \"The Known World,\" the series follows a civil war for the Iron Throne of the continent of Westeros, fought between the rival royal and noble families and their respective supporters.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The following cast members have been credited as main cast in the opening credits: Additionally the following cast members have appeared in 10 or more episodes of the show while maintaining a 'recurring' status: Ned Stark (season 1, 6-7) portrayed by Sean Bean in season 1 as an adult, and by Sebastian Croft in season 6 as a child, and Robert Aramayo in season 6 and 7 as a young adult.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" novels feature a sizable cast of characters.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ The series follows three interwoven plotlines: a dynastic war for control of Westeros by several families; the rising threat of the superhuman Others beyond Westeros's northern border; and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen, the exiled heir of the previous ruling dynasty.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ Each chapter is narrated in the third person limited point of view through the eyes of a single character.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ Beginning with nine POV characters in \"A Game of Thrones\" (1996), the number grows to thirty-one by \"A Dance with Dragons\" (2011).", "Aristocracy of Norway __knowledge__ Aristocracy of Norway refers to modern and medieval aristocracy in Norway.", "Aristocracy of Norway __knowledge__ Additionally, there have been economical, political, and military élites that—relating to the main lines of Norway's history—are generally accepted as nominal predecessors of the aforementioned.", "Aristocracy of Norway __knowledge__ Since the 16th century, modern aristocracy is known as nobility ().", "Aristocracy of Norway __knowledge__ The very first aristocracy in today's Norway appeared during the Bronze Age (c. 1800 BCc.", "Aristocracy of Norway __knowledge__ 500 BC).", "Aristocracy of Norway __knowledge__ This bronze aristocracy consisted of several regional élites, whose earliest known existence dates to c. 1500 BC.", "Aristocracy of Norway __knowledge__ Via similar structures in the Iron Age (c. 400 BCc.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", in 1991 and had it published in 1996.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, \"A Dance with Dragons\", took Martin six years to write.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He is still writing the sixth novel, \"The Winds of Winter\".", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fictional world in which the \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" novels by George R. R. Martin take place is divided into several continents, known collectively as The Known World.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Most of the story takes place on the continent Westeros, in a large political entity known as the Seven Kingdoms.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The \"Seven Kingdoms\" actually consist of nine regions (the North, the Iron Islands, the Riverlands, the Vale, the Westerlands, the Stormlands, the Reach, the Crownlands, and Dorne), and there is a largely unmapped area to the north, separated from the Seven Kingdoms by a massive wall of ice and old magic.", "World of A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The vast continent of Essos lies to the east of Westeros, across the Narrow Sea.", "Sasanian Empire __knowledge__ The Sasanian Empire ( or ), also known as the Sassanian, Sasanid, Sassanid or Neo-Persian Empire, known to its inhabitants as Ērānshahr in Middle Persian, was the last period of the Persian Empire (Iran) before the rise of Islam, named after the House of Sasan who ruled from 224 to 651 AD.", "Sasanian Empire __knowledge__ The Sasanian Empire, which succeeded the Parthian Empire, was recognised as one of the leading world powers alongside its neighbouring arch-rival the Roman-Byzantine Empire, for a period of more than 400 years.", "Sasanian Empire __knowledge__ The Sasanian Empire was founded by Ardashir I, after the fall of the Parthian Empire and the defeat of the last Arsacid king, Artabanus V. At its greatest extent, the Sasanian Empire encompassed all of today's Iran, Iraq, Eastern Arabia (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatif, Qatar, UAE), the Levant (Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan), Armenia, the Caucasus (Georgia, Azerbaijan, Dagestan, South Ossetia, Abkhazia), Egypt, large parts of Turkey, much of Central Asia (Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan), Yemen and Pakistan.", "Belfast __knowledge__ Belfast (; ) is the capital and largest city of Northern Ireland, and the second largest on the island of Ireland.", "Belfast __knowledge__ On the River Lagan, it had a population of 333,871 in 2015.", "Belfast __knowledge__ By the early 1800s the former town was home to a major port.", "Belfast __knowledge__ Belfast played a key role in the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, becoming the biggest linen producer in the world, earning it the nickname \"Linenopolis\".", "Belfast __knowledge__ By the time it was granted city status in 1888, it was a major centre of the Irish linen as well as tobacco-processing, rope-making and shipbuilding industries.", "Belfast __knowledge__ Harland and Wolff, which built the , was the world's biggest and most productive shipyard.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland (; , ) is a Nordic island country of Europe located in the North Atlantic Ocean.", "Iceland __knowledge__ It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The capital and largest city is Reykjavík.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is volcanically and geologically active.", "Iceland __knowledge__ The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains, and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands.", "Iceland __knowledge__ Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "HMS Belfast (C35) __knowledge__ HMS \"Belfast\" is a Town-class light cruiser that was built for the Royal Navy, currently permanently moored as a museum ship on the River Thames in London, England, operated by the Imperial War Museum.", "HMS Belfast (C35) __knowledge__ Construction of \"Belfast\", the first ship in the Royal Navy to be named after the capital city of Northern Ireland and one of ten Town-class cruisers, began in December 1936.", "HMS Belfast (C35) __knowledge__ She was launched on St Patrick's Day 1938.", "HMS Belfast (C35) __knowledge__ Commissioned in early August 1939 shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War, \"Belfast\" was initially part of the British naval blockade against Germany.", "HMS Belfast (C35) __knowledge__ In November 1939, \"Belfast\" struck a German mine and spent more than two years undergoing extensive repairs.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"A Game of Thrones\".", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and the United States.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering in 2019.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, \"Game of Thrones\" has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc centers on the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms and follows a web of alliances and conflicts among the dynastic noble families either vying to claim the throne or fighting for independence from the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second story arc focuses on the last descendant of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty, exiled and plotting a return to the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The third story arc centers on the longstanding brotherhood charged with defending the realm against the ancient threats of the fierce peoples and legendary creatures that lie far north, and an impending winter that threatens the realm.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", in 1991 and had it published in 1996.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, \"A Dance with Dragons\", took Martin six years to write.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He is still writing the sixth novel, \"The Winds of Winter\".", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.", "The Settlers: Heritage of Kings __knowledge__ The Settlers: Heritage of Kings (), released as Heritage of Kings: The Settlers in North America, is a 2004 real-time strategy video game developed by Blue Byte and published by Ubisoft for Microsoft Windows.", "The Settlers: Heritage of Kings __knowledge__ It is the fifth game in \"The Settlers\" series.", "The Settlers: Heritage of Kings __knowledge__ In March 2005, Blue Byte released an expansion, \"The Settlers: Heritage of Kings - Expansion Disc\" (), featuring new single-player campaign missions, new maps for both single-player and multiplayer modes, a map editor, and enhanced graphics.", "The Settlers: Heritage of Kings __knowledge__ In September, they released a second expansion, \"The Settlers: Heritage of Kings - Legends Expansion Disc\" (), containing new single-player campaigns, additional single and multiplayer maps, an enhanced map editor, and a random map generator.", "Star Trek III: The Search for Spock __knowledge__ Star Trek III: The Search for Spock is a 1984 American science fiction film directed by Leonard Nimoy and based on the created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek III: The Search for Spock __knowledge__ It is the third film in the \"Star Trek\" film series, and is the second part of a three-film story arc that begins with \"\" (1982) and concludes with \"\" (1986).", "Star Trek III: The Search for Spock __knowledge__ After the death of Spock (Nimoy), the crew of the USS \"Enterprise\" returns to Earth.", "Star Trek III: The Search for Spock __knowledge__ When James T. Kirk (William Shatner) learns that Spock's spirit, or katra, is held in the mind of Dr. Leonard \"Bones\" McCoy (DeForest Kelley), Kirk and company steal the \"Enterprise\" to return Spock's body to his home planet.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Stanley Kubrick (; July 26, 1928 – March 7, 1999) was an American film director, screenwriter, and producer.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ He is frequently cited as one of the greatest and most influential directors in cinematic history.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ His films, which are mostly adaptations of novels or short stories, cover a wide range of genres, and are noted for their realism, dark humor, unique cinematography, extensive set designs, and evocative use of music.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Kubrick was raised in the Bronx, New York City, and attended William Howard Taft High School from 1941 to 1945.", "Stanley Kubrick __knowledge__ Although he only received average grades, Kubrick displayed a keen interest in literature, photography, and film from a young age, and taught himself all aspects of film production and directing after graduating from high school.", "Krull (film) __knowledge__ Krull is a 1983 British-American science fantasy swashbuckler film directed by Peter Yates and produced by Ron Silverman with a screenplay by Stanford Sherman.", "Krull (film) __knowledge__ It follows a journey of Prince Colwyn and his group of outlaws on the planet Krull to save future queen Princess Lyssa from a creature named \"The Beast\" and his constantly teleporting lair named the \"Black Fortress.\"", "Krull (film) __knowledge__ The film began development in 1980, when Columbia Pictures president Frank Price gave Silverman the idea to produce a fantasy film, and was finally released in July 1983.", "Krull (film) __knowledge__ Yates' directing on \"Krull\" differed from his previous films that were more realistic; he took the \"challenge\" of directing a motion picture like \"Krull\" since he could rely only on his imagination instead of doing research, and screenplays that encouraged experimentation with modern special effects were rare in the early 1980s.", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ Star Trek: First Contact is a 1996 American science fiction film directed by Jonathan Frakes in his directorial debut, and based on the franchise of the same name created by Gene Roddenberry.", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ It is the eighth film in the \"Star Trek\" film series, as well as the second to star the cast of the series \"\".", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ In the film, the crew of the USS \"Enterprise\"-E travel back in time to the mid 21st-century in order to stop the cybernetic Borg from conquering Earth by changing the past.", "Star Trek: First Contact __knowledge__ After the release of the seventh film, \"Star Trek Generations\" (1994), Paramount Pictures tasked writers Brannon Braga and Ronald D. Moore with developing the next film in the series.", "Berlin Brandenburg Airport __knowledge__ Berlin Brandenburg Airport () is an international airport under construction near the capital of Germany, Berlin.", "Berlin Brandenburg Airport __knowledge__ It is adjacent to Berlin Schönefeld Airport in Schönefeld, south of the city centre.", "Berlin Brandenburg Airport __knowledge__ It was originally intended to replace both Schönefeld and Berlin Tegel Airport and become the single commercial airport serving Berlin and the surrounding state of Brandenburg.", "Berlin Brandenburg Airport __knowledge__ This is an area with a combined 6 million inhabitants.", "Berlin Brandenburg Airport __knowledge__ However, it is now planned that it will replace only Tegel, with Schönefeld Airport currently being expanded as it will still be required to cope with rising passenger numbers.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "The Incredible Hulk (1978 TV series) __knowledge__ The Incredible Hulk is an American television series based on the Marvel Comics character The Hulk.", "The Incredible Hulk (1978 TV series) __knowledge__ The series aired on the CBS television network and starred Bill Bixby as David Banner, Lou Ferrigno as the Hulk, and Jack Colvin as Jack McGee.", "The Incredible Hulk (1978 TV series) __knowledge__ In the TV series, Dr. David Banner, a widowed physician and scientist, who is presumed dead, travels across America under assumed names (his false surnames always begin with the letter \"B\", but he keeps his first name), and finds himself in positions where he helps others in need despite his terrible secret: in times of extreme anger or stress, he transforms into a huge, incredibly strong green creature, who has been named \"The Hulk\".", "Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The Chicago Cubs are an American professional baseball team based in Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The Cubs compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) Central division.", "Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at Wrigley Field, located on the city's North Side.", "Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The Cubs are one of two major league teams in Chicago; the other, the Chicago White Sox, is a member of the American League (AL) Central division.", "Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The Cubs, first known as the White Stockings, was a founding member of the NL in 1876, becoming the Chicago Cubs in 1903.", "Chicago Cubs __knowledge__ The Cubs have appeared in a total of eleven World Series.", "List of Diff'rent Strokes characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the NBC and ABC sitcom \"Diff'rent Strokes\".", "List of Diff'rent Strokes characters __knowledge__ Phillip Drummond is a fictional character on the hit television series, \"Diff'rent Strokes\".", "List of Diff'rent Strokes characters __knowledge__ He was portrayed by Emmy Award-nominee and Golden Globe-winning television actor, Conrad Bain, who previously worked on the All in the Family spinoff \"Maude\" (1972–1978).", "List of Diff'rent Strokes characters __knowledge__ Phillip is a friendly, wealthy white widower, who runs \"Trans-Allied, Incorporated.\"", "List of Diff'rent Strokes characters __knowledge__ He was born December 3, 1931 in Manhattan, New York.", "List of Diff'rent Strokes characters __knowledge__ (This made him Conrad Bain's junior by eight years.)", "List of Diff'rent Strokes characters __knowledge__ Phillip has a daughter, Kimberly, and two adopted African American sons, Willis and his younger brother Arnold Jackson.", "Ugly Betty __knowledge__ Ugly Betty is an American comedy-drama television series developed by Silvio Horta, which was originally broadcast on ABC between 2006 and 2010.", "Ugly Betty __knowledge__ It revolves around the character Betty Suarez who, despite her lack of style, lands a job at a prestigious fashion magazine.", "Ugly Betty __knowledge__ The series is based on Fernando Gaitán's Colombian telenovela \"Yo soy Betty, la fea\", which has had many other international adaptations.", "Ugly Betty __knowledge__ It was produced by Silent H, Ventanarosa, and Reveille Productions partnered with ABC Studios and executive produced by Salma Hayek, Silvio Horta, Ben Silverman, Jose Tamez, and Joel Fields.", "Ugly Betty __knowledge__ The pilot was filmed in New York; seasons one and two were filmed in Los Angeles and seasons three and four in New York City." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 5, 6 ]

[ "I have seen one episode. It's an American fantasy drama tv series.", "Yeah, that's cool! It's filmed in Belfast and other places in the UK, Canada, Iceland, Spain, U.S. and other places", "I do need to check it out more. Fans will be sad when the series concludes with it's 8th season in 2019.", "Yeah there's several plot lines and a huge cast and from what I know centers on three primary story arcs" ]

[ "Game of Thrones", "Game of Thrones", "Game of Thrones", "Game of Thrones" ]

[ "Chef", "oh yea they are very important to us as a race since we need good food", "oh ok yea ive heard of those, what else do you know?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chef __knowledge__ A chef is a trained professional cook who is proficient in all aspects of food preparation, often focusing on a particular cuisine.", "Chef __knowledge__ The word \"chef\" is derived from the term \"chef de cuisine\" (), the director or head of a kitchen.", "Chef __knowledge__ Chefs can receive formal training from an institution, as well as by apprenticing with an experienced chef.", "Chef __knowledge__ There are different terms that use the word \"chef\" in their titles, and deal with specific areas of food preparation, such as the \"sous-chef\", who acts as the second-in-command in a kitchen, or the \"chef de partie\", who handles a specific area of production.", "Chef __knowledge__ The kitchen brigade system is a hierarchy found in restaurants and hotels employing extensive staff, many of which use the word \"chef\" in their titles.", "Chef __knowledge__ Underneath the chefs are the \"kitchen assistants\".", "Chef __knowledge__ A chef's standard uniform includes a hat (called a \"toque\"), neckerchief, double-breasted jacket, apron and sturdy shoes (that may include steel or plastic toe-caps).", "Chef __knowledge__ The word \"chef\" is derived (and shortened) from the term \"chef de cuisine\" (), the director or head of a kitchen.", "Chef __knowledge__ (The French word comes from Latin \"caput\" (head) and is a doublet with English \"chief\").", "Chef __knowledge__ In English, the title \"chef\" in the culinary profession originated in the \"haute cuisine\" of the 19th century." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chef __knowledge__ A chef is a trained professional cook who is proficient in all aspects of food preparation, often focusing on a particular cuisine.", "Chef __knowledge__ The word \"chef\" is derived from the term \"chef de cuisine\" (), the director or head of a kitchen.", "Chef __knowledge__ Chefs can receive formal training from an institution, as well as by apprenticing with an experienced chef.", "Chef __knowledge__ There are different terms that use the word \"chef\" in their titles, and deal with specific areas of food preparation, such as the \"sous-chef\", who acts as the second-in-command in a kitchen, or the \"chef de partie\", who handles a specific area of production.", "Chef __knowledge__ The kitchen brigade system is a hierarchy found in restaurants and hotels employing extensive staff, many of which use the word \"chef\" in their titles.", "Chef __knowledge__ Underneath the chefs are the \"kitchen assistants\".", "Chef __knowledge__ A chef's standard uniform includes a hat (called a \"toque\"), neckerchief, double-breasted jacket, apron and sturdy shoes (that may include steel or plastic toe-caps).", "Chef __knowledge__ The word \"chef\" is derived (and shortened) from the term \"chef de cuisine\" (), the director or head of a kitchen.", "Chef __knowledge__ (The French word comes from Latin \"caput\" (head) and is a doublet with English \"chief\").", "Chef __knowledge__ In English, the title \"chef\" in the culinary profession originated in the \"haute cuisine\" of the 19th century.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Butch Patterson: Private Dick is a Canadian serial comedy television series centering on the seedy exploits of a self-described premature ejaculating, alcoholic, kleptomaniac, sexually deviant private detective played by Canadian actor/comedian Greg Lawrence.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ The series had a three season run, airing on The Comedy Network.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Although the show was not a critical or commercial success, it maintains a small cult following.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ After the series' initial run, reruns were featured on the now defunct CBC Country Canada.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Since then, all three original seasons have been released on DVD.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Most of the episodes are focused around the cases that Butch Patterson is investigating at the time.", "UKTV __knowledge__ UKTV is a British multi-channel broadcaster, jointly owned by BBC Worldwide and Scripps Networks Interactive.", "UKTV __knowledge__ It was formed on 26th March 1992 through a joint venture between BBC and Thames Television.", "UKTV __knowledge__ It is one of the United Kingdom's largest television companies.", "UKTV __knowledge__ UKTV's channels are available via digital satellite and cable subscriptions in the UK and Ireland.", "UKTV __knowledge__ Dave, Drama, Really and Yesterday channels are also available in the UK on Freeview, the free-to-air digital terrestrial television (DTT) service.", "UKTV __knowledge__ Most programmes on the channels are repeat broadcasts of BBC productions, although the entertainment channels also feature some programmes produced by other companies and UKTV have also in recent years, commissioned a tiny minority of their own exclusive programmes.", "Good Food __knowledge__ Good Food is a British lifestyle channel broadcasting in the United Kingdom and Ireland as part of the UKTV network of channels.", "Good Food __knowledge__ The channel originally launched on 5 November 2001 and relaunched in its current format on 22 June 2009.", "Good Food __knowledge__ Good Food is available on satellite through Sky, on cable services, primarily through Virgin Media, and through IPTV with TalkTalk TV, BT TV.", "Good Food __knowledge__ It is available through TVPlayer (When subscribed to TVPlayer Plus).", "Good Food __knowledge__ From 1 December 2015 to 26 December 2015, Good Food was temporarily rebranded as Christmas Food; the campaign resumed from 26 November 2016 to 26 December 2016.", "2007 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series __knowledge__ The 2007 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series was the 59th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 36th modern-era Cup series.", "2007 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series __knowledge__ Beginning on February 10 at Daytona International Speedway with the Budweiser Shootout, the season ended on November 18 at Homestead-Miami Speedway with the Ford 400.", "2007 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series __knowledge__ The Chase for the Nextel Cup started with the Sylvania 300 at New Hampshire International Speedway and was contested over the final ten races.", "2007 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series __knowledge__ The season was final year that the NASCAR Cup Series was known as the \"Nextel Cup Series\".", "2007 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series __knowledge__ As a result of the 2005 merger of Nextel Communications with Sprint Corporation, and the subsequent decision by the newly named Sprint Nextel Corporation, the name of the series was changed to the \"Sprint Cup Series\" for 2008.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" (occasionally spelt as \"Oh Yea\") is a song by Ash, released as the fifth single from their album \"1977\" on 24 June 1996.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It was released as a single CD, a 7\" vinyl (the limited edition 7\" was yellow and came with a picture sleeve), and as a cassette.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ The UK Promo version of the track is thought of as quite rare, and a collector's item between fans.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It comes on orange 7\" vinyl and has the same track on both sides.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" was the first single released after the release of \"1977\" and was their second Top 10 single, reaching number 6 in the UK singles chart.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It is probably Ash's best-known song and one of the best known from the Brit-Pop period.", "2007 NASCAR Busch Series __knowledge__ The 2007 NASCAR Busch Series was the twenty-sixth season of the NASCAR Busch Series.", "2007 NASCAR Busch Series __knowledge__ It began on February 17 with the Orbitz 300 at Daytona International Speedway and concluded on November 17 with the Ford 300 at Homestead-Miami Speedway.", "2007 NASCAR Busch Series __knowledge__ Carl Edwards clinched the Busch Series championship on November 3 during the O'Reilly Challenge with 2 races remaining.", "2007 NASCAR Busch Series __knowledge__ The 2007 season was the final season of the series under Anheuser-Busch's sponsorship.", "2007 NASCAR Busch Series __knowledge__ In 2008 the Busch Series became the NASCAR Nationwide Series sponsored by insurance company Nationwide Insurance with a $70 million contract for 7 years.", "2007 NASCAR Busch Series __knowledge__ The domination of the series by the Busch Whackers continued in 2007.", "White House Executive Chef __knowledge__ The White House Executive Chef is the individual responsible for managing the White House kitchens, and for planning and preparing of all menus and meals for the President of the United States and the First Family, which includes their private meals, their private entertaining, and official state functions at the White House in Washington, D.C., in the United States.", "White House Executive Chef __knowledge__ Beginning with George Washington, slaves prepared food for American presidents, First Families, and for social gatherings.", "White House Executive Chef __knowledge__ Although slavery ended in the United States after the American Civil War, African Americans continued to provide nearly all the cooking in the White House kitchen.", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ The host of the show is the flamboyant Takeshi Kaga, known on the show as .", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ He begins most episodes with his signature words, taken from Arthur Rimbaud, \"If memory serves me right...「私の記憶が確かならば…」\"(Jadis) si je me souviens bien...\" and summons the Iron Chefs to cook with a phrase \"Allez cuisine!\"", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ (\"Go cook!\").", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ The show has two regular commentators, Kenji Fukui who narrates the action on the floor, and Dr. Yukio Hattori, a food scholar and founder of the Hattori Nutrition College.", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ A floor reporter, Shinichiro Ohta, reports to Fukui on what the challengers and Iron Chefs are preparing, their strategy, and their comments, breaking Fukui's train of commentary with a polite \"Fukui-san?\".", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ A kitchen knife is any knife that is intended to be used in food preparation.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ While much of this work can be accomplished with a few general-purpose knives – notably a large chef's knife, a tough cleaver, and a small paring knife – there are also many specialized knives that are designed for specific tasks.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ Kitchen knives can be made from several different materials.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ Steel blades can be manufactured either by being forged or stamped.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ The edge of the knife can be sharpened to a cutting surface in a number of different ways.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ There are three main features: Kitchen knives generally either feature a curve near the tip, as in a chef's knife, or are straight for their entire length.", "The Clink (restaurant) __knowledge__ The Clink Restaurants are a major part of The Clink Charity’s prisoner rehabilitation initiatives.", "The Clink (restaurant) __knowledge__ The charity’s mission is to break the cycle of crime by changing attitudes, creating second chances and transforming lives whilst reducing recidivism rates for the benefit of society as a whole.", "The Clink (restaurant) __knowledge__ Each prisoner who works in a Clink Restaurant studies for accredited NVQs in food preparation, food service and cleaning.", "The Clink (restaurant) __knowledge__ Whilst working in a Clink Restaurant prisoners gain experience within an exciting, operational business and receive in-depth guidance to find full-time employment within the hospitality industry upon release.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chef __knowledge__ A chef is a trained professional cook who is proficient in all aspects of food preparation, often focusing on a particular cuisine.", "Chef __knowledge__ The word \"chef\" is derived from the term \"chef de cuisine\" (), the director or head of a kitchen.", "Chef __knowledge__ Chefs can receive formal training from an institution, as well as by apprenticing with an experienced chef.", "Chef __knowledge__ There are different terms that use the word \"chef\" in their titles, and deal with specific areas of food preparation, such as the \"sous-chef\", who acts as the second-in-command in a kitchen, or the \"chef de partie\", who handles a specific area of production.", "Chef __knowledge__ The kitchen brigade system is a hierarchy found in restaurants and hotels employing extensive staff, many of which use the word \"chef\" in their titles.", "Chef __knowledge__ Underneath the chefs are the \"kitchen assistants\".", "Chef __knowledge__ A chef's standard uniform includes a hat (called a \"toque\"), neckerchief, double-breasted jacket, apron and sturdy shoes (that may include steel or plastic toe-caps).", "Chef __knowledge__ The word \"chef\" is derived (and shortened) from the term \"chef de cuisine\" (), the director or head of a kitchen.", "Chef __knowledge__ (The French word comes from Latin \"caput\" (head) and is a doublet with English \"chief\").", "Chef __knowledge__ In English, the title \"chef\" in the culinary profession originated in the \"haute cuisine\" of the 19th century.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ Design Manchester is a not-for-profit organisation established to showcase design talent; support design skills, careers & enterprise; advance the contribution of design in the city and the regional economy; and promote the role of Manchester as a design city internationally.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ It has a year-round programme of activities and events and organises Manchester’s annual citywide festival of design.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ In 2013, graphic designers John Owens and Malcolm Garrett RDI and media publicist Fiona McGarva were asked by Professor David Crow, then the Dean of Manchester School of Art, to organise an event to mark the School’s 175th anniversary and the opening of the new Benzie Building designed by Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios.", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "St Ive __knowledge__ St Ive ( ; ) is a village and civil parish in eastern Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The village is split into four parts: St Ive Church End, St Ive Cross, St Ive Keason and St Ive Parkfield.", "St Ive __knowledge__ In addition to the Parish an electoral ward exists stretching north of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The population at the 2011 census was 4,246.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The parish used to be a large rural area of rolling landscape with wooded valleys and the population was sparse with the largest village being St Ive itself, sited on the A390.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The hamlet of Woolston lies to the northwest of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The demography of the parish was radically altered with the mid-Victorian mining boom centred on Caradon Hill.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "List of Iron Chef America episodes __knowledge__ This is the list of the episodes for the American cooking television series and competition Iron Chef America, produced by Food Network.", "List of Iron Chef America episodes __knowledge__ The series is based on the Japanese series \"Iron Chef\" and is a cooking competition in which a challenger chef \"battles\" one of the resident \"Iron Chefs\" by cooking five or more dishes in a one-hour time slot based around a secret ingredient or ingredients, and sometimes theme.", "List of Iron Chef America episodes __knowledge__ In most episodes, three judges score the meal in three categories, with 10 points available to each judge for taste, 5 points for creativity, and 5 points for presentation, for a possible total of 60 points.", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ Iron Chef America is an American cooking show based on Fuji Television's \"Iron Chef\", and is the second American adaptation of the series, following the failed \"Iron Chef USA\".", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ The show is produced by Food Network, which also carried a dubbed version of the original \"Iron Chef\".", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ Like the original Japanese program, the program is a culinary game show.", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ In each episode, a new challenger chef competes against one of the resident \"Iron Chefs\" in a one-hour cooking competition based on a secret ingredient or ingredients, and sometimes theme.", "Iron Chef America __knowledge__ The show is presented as a successor to the original \"Iron Chef\", as opposed to being a remake.", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ The host of the show is the flamboyant Takeshi Kaga, known on the show as .", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ He begins most episodes with his signature words, taken from Arthur Rimbaud, \"If memory serves me right...「私の記憶が確かならば…」\"(Jadis) si je me souviens bien...\" and summons the Iron Chefs to cook with a phrase \"Allez cuisine!\"", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ (\"Go cook!\").", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ The show has two regular commentators, Kenji Fukui who narrates the action on the floor, and Dr. Yukio Hattori, a food scholar and founder of the Hattori Nutrition College.", "Iron Chef __knowledge__ A floor reporter, Shinichiro Ohta, reports to Fukui on what the challengers and Iron Chefs are preparing, their strategy, and their comments, breaking Fukui's train of commentary with a polite \"Fukui-san?\".", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ A kitchen knife is any knife that is intended to be used in food preparation.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ While much of this work can be accomplished with a few general-purpose knives – notably a large chef's knife, a tough cleaver, and a small paring knife – there are also many specialized knives that are designed for specific tasks.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ Kitchen knives can be made from several different materials.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ Steel blades can be manufactured either by being forged or stamped.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ The edge of the knife can be sharpened to a cutting surface in a number of different ways.", "Kitchen knife __knowledge__ There are three main features: Kitchen knives generally either feature a curve near the tip, as in a chef's knife, or are straight for their entire length.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Top Chef is an American reality competition television series which premiered on March 8, 2006, on Bravo.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show features chefs competing against each other in various culinary challenges.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ They are judged by a panel of professional chefs and other notables from the food and wine industry with one or more contestants eliminated in each episode.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show is produced by Magical Elves Productions, the same company that created \"Project Runway\".", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show has spawned multiple spinoff series, including \"Top Chef Masters\", featuring established award-winning chefs; and \"\", featuring pastry chefs.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Another show, \"Top Chef Junior\", featuring contestants in their early teens, premiered in October 2017 on Universal Kids.", "Hell's Kitchen (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Hell's Kitchen is an American reality television cooking competition (based on the British series of the same name) broadcast on Fox.", "Hell's Kitchen (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ It is hosted by celebrity chef Gordon Ramsay.", "Hell's Kitchen (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Two teams of chefs compete for a job as head chef at a restaurant.", "Hell's Kitchen (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ A typical episode begins with a challenge between the teams; the winning team gets some sort of a reward that usually involves some sort of \"field trip\" outside the Hell's Kitchen, while the losers are given \"punishment\" that usually involves some sort of menial task.", "Hell's Kitchen (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The second part is a dinner service, where each team works in their own kitchen, attempting, under close and hypercritical supervision from Chef Ramsay, to complete the service without getting kicked out before finishing for too many errors." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 5 ]

[ "chef is a trained professional cook who is proficient in all aspects of food preparation", "There are different terms that use the word \"chef\" in their titles, and deal with specific areas of food preparation, such as the \"sous-chef", "kitchen brigade system is a hierarchy found in restaurants and hotels employing extensive staff, " ]

[ "Chef", "Chef", "Chef" ]

[ "History of Japan\nAre you very familiar with the history of Japan? There are so many Japanese influences, but I know there's a lot I don't know!", "Very cool. What inspired you to study Japanese culture? And do you know the language?", "Not at all! Though I'm entranced by Buddhism. What's the biggest distinction of Japanese Buddhism vs, say, Indian?", "There are Zen Buddhist communities here where I live. While the minimalism is appealing, I am a sucker for color and ritual. Are you a Buddhist?", "Same here. I admire the many teachers we've been graced with -- I just wish more people could appreciate the *similarities* of their messages vs. trying to divide over them. Talk about ironic." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The first human habitation in the Japanese archipelago has been traced to prehistoric times.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Jōmon period, named after its \"cord-marked\" pottery, was followed by the Yayoi in the first millennium BC, when new technologies were introduced from continental Asia.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ During this period, the first known written reference to Japan was recorded in the Chinese \"Book of Han\" in the first century AD.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Between the fourth century and the ninth century, Japan's many kingdoms and tribes gradually came to be unified under a centralized government, nominally controlled by the Emperor.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ This imperial dynasty continues to reign over Japan.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ In 794, a new imperial capital was established at Heian-kyō (modern Kyoto), marking the beginning of the Heian period, which lasted until 1185.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Heian period is considered a golden age of classical Japanese culture.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Japanese religious life from this time and onwards was a mix of native Shinto practices and Buddhism.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Over the following centuries the power of the Emperor and the imperial court gradually declined and passed to the military clans and their armies of samurai warriors.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Minamoto clan under Minamoto no Yoritomo emerged victorious from the Genpei War of 1180–85.", "Japanese Brazilians __knowledge__ The first Japanese immigrants arrived in Brazil in 1908.", "Japanese Brazilians __knowledge__ Brazil is home to the largest Japanese population outside Japan.", "Japanese Brazilians __knowledge__ According to the IBGE, as of 2009 there were approximately 1.6 million people of Japanese descent in Brazil, and estimated at just under 1.5 million as of 2014.", "Japanese Brazilians __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, a return migration has emerged of Japan Brazilians to Japan.", "Japanese Brazilians __knowledge__ More recently, a trend of interracial marriage has taken hold among Brazilians of Japanese descent, with the racial intermarriage rate approximated at 50% and increasing.", "Japanese Brazilians __knowledge__ Between the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries, coffee was the main export product of Brazil.", "Japanese Americans __knowledge__ People from Japan began migrating to the US in significant numbers following the political, cultural, and social changes stemming from the Meiji Restoration in 1868.", "Japanese Americans __knowledge__ Large numbers went to Hawaii and later the West Coast.", "Japanese Americans __knowledge__ In 1907, the \"Gentlemen's Agreement\" between the governments of Japan and the US ended immigration of Japanese unskilled workers, but permitted the immigration of businessmen, students and spouses of Japanese immigrants already in the US.", "Japanese Americans __knowledge__ The Immigration Act of 1924 banned the immigration of nearly all Japanese.", "Japanese Americans __knowledge__ The ban on immigration produced unusually well-defined generational groups within the Japanese American community.", "Japanese language __knowledge__ Little is known of the language's prehistory, or when it first appeared in Japan.", "Japanese language __knowledge__ Chinese documents from the 3rd century recorded a few Japanese words, but substantial texts did not appear until the 8th century.", "Japanese language __knowledge__ During the Heian period (794–1185), Chinese had considerable influence on the vocabulary and phonology of Old Japanese.", "Japanese language __knowledge__ Late Middle Japanese (1185–1600) included changes in features that brought it closer to the modern language, and the first appearance of European loanwords.", "Japanese language __knowledge__ The standard dialect moved from the Kansai region to the Edo (modern Tokyo) region in the Early Modern Japanese period (early 17th century–mid-19th century).", "Japanese Canadian internment __knowledge__ Japanese Canadian Internment was the removal and detainment of Japanese Canadians from the British Columbia coast following the Japanese invasion of Hong Kong and Malaya and attack on Pearl Harbor, and the subsequent Canadian declaration of war on Japan during World War II.", "Japanese Canadian internment __knowledge__ This forced relocation subjected many Japanese Canadians to government-enforced curfews and interrogations, job and property losses, and forced repatriation to Japan.", "Japanese Canadian internment __knowledge__ Beginning after the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, and lasting until 1949 (four years after World War II had ended), Canadians of Japanese heritage were removed from their homes and businesses and sent to internment camps in the B.C.", "Japanese name __knowledge__ Japanese names are usually written in \"kanji\", which are characters usually Chinese in origin but Japanese in pronunciation.", "Japanese name __knowledge__ The \"kanji\" for a name may have a variety of possible Japanese pronunciations, hence parents might use hiragana or katakana when giving a birth name to their newborn child.", "Japanese name __knowledge__ Names written in hiragana or katakana are phonetic renderings, and so lack the visual meaning of names expressed in the logographic kanji.", "Japanese name __knowledge__ Japanese family names are extremely varied: according to estimates, there are over 100,000 different surnames in use today in Japan.", "Japanese name __knowledge__ The three most common family names in Japan are Satō (), Suzuki (), and Takahashi ().", "Propaganda in fascist Japan __knowledge__ Propaganda in imperial Japan, in the period just before and during World War II, was designed to assist the ruling government of Japan during that time.", "Propaganda in fascist Japan __knowledge__ Many of its elements were continuous with pre-war elements of statism in Shōwa Japan, including the principles of kokutai, hakkō ichiu, and bushido.", "Propaganda in fascist Japan __knowledge__ New forms of propaganda were developed to persuade occupied countries of the benefits of the Greater Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, to undermine American troops' morale, to counteract claims of Japanese atrocities, and to present the war to the Japanese people as victorious.", "Propaganda in fascist Japan __knowledge__ It started with the Second Sino-Japanese War, which merged into World War II.", "Japonism __knowledge__ First described by French art critic and collector, Philippe Burty in 1872, Japonism, from the French Japonisme, is the study of Japanese art and artistic talent.", "Japonism __knowledge__ Japonism affected fine arts, sculpture, architecture, performing arts and decorative arts throughout Western culture.", "Japonism __knowledge__ The term is used particularly to refer to Japanese influence on European art, especially in impressionism.", "Japonism __knowledge__ From the 1860s, \"ukiyo-e\", Japanese woodblock prints, became a source of inspiration for many Western artists.", "Japonism __knowledge__ Ukiyo-e began as a Japanese painting school developed in the 17th century.", "Japonism __knowledge__ Ukiyo-e woodblock prints were created to fit a demand for inexpensive, souvenir images." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The first human habitation in the Japanese archipelago has been traced to prehistoric times.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Jōmon period, named after its \"cord-marked\" pottery, was followed by the Yayoi in the first millennium BC, when new technologies were introduced from continental Asia.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ During this period, the first known written reference to Japan was recorded in the Chinese \"Book of Han\" in the first century AD.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Between the fourth century and the ninth century, Japan's many kingdoms and tribes gradually came to be unified under a centralized government, nominally controlled by the Emperor.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ This imperial dynasty continues to reign over Japan.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ In 794, a new imperial capital was established at Heian-kyō (modern Kyoto), marking the beginning of the Heian period, which lasted until 1185.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Heian period is considered a golden age of classical Japanese culture.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Japanese religious life from this time and onwards was a mix of native Shinto practices and Buddhism.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Over the following centuries the power of the Emperor and the imperial court gradually declined and passed to the military clans and their armies of samurai warriors.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Minamoto clan under Minamoto no Yoritomo emerged victorious from the Genpei War of 1180–85.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Japanese hip hop (also known as J-rap, J-hip hop or J-hop) is said to have begun when Hiroshi Fujiwara returned to Japan and started playing hip hop records in the early 1980s.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Japanese hip hop generally tends to be most directly influenced by old school hip hop, taking from the era's catchy beats, dance culture, and overall fun and carefree nature and incorporating it into their music.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ As a result, hip hop stands as one of the most commercially viable mainstream music genres in Japan, and the line between it and pop music is frequently blurred.", "Japanese hip hop __knowledge__ Although rather informal and small scale, the early days of Japanese hip-hop provide the history for the emergence of the cultural movement.", "Haruhisa Handa __knowledge__ He is also known by his real name, Haruhisa Handa, in the Western World, while he uses principally as his artistic name in Asia, including Japan, China and Cambodia.", "Haruhisa Handa __knowledge__ \"Toshu\" in Japanese means Asia or Japan which is located in the eastern area when the world was deemed as one nation.", "Haruhisa Handa __knowledge__ As recorded in the ancient record, of \"Sange-gakushoshiki\" (The Regulations for Students of the Mountain School), written by Saichō who was a Japanese Buddhist monk credited with founding the Tendai, where the word \"Toshu\" was used to signify Japan.", "Haruhisa Handa __knowledge__ In addition he also uses the pen name as the president of his theater company and for his literary activities as a novelist and poet etc.", "Japan __knowledge__ Japan ( \"Nippon\" or \"Nihon\" ; formally \"\" or \"Nihon-koku\", meaning \"State of Japan\") is a sovereign island nation in East Asia.", "Japan __knowledge__ Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies off the eastern coast of the Asian mainland and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and China in the southwest.", "Japan __knowledge__ The kanji, or Sino-Japanese characters, that make up Japan's name mean \"sun origin\", and it is often called the \"Land of the Rising Sun\".", "Japan __knowledge__ Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago consisting of about 6,852 islands.", "Japan __knowledge__ The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, which make up about ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area and often are referred to as home islands.", "Marshall McLuhan __knowledge__ Herbert Marshall McLuhan, (July 21, 1911December 31, 1980) was a Canadian professor, philosopher, and public intellectual.", "Marshall McLuhan __knowledge__ His work is one of the cornerstones of the study of media theory.", "Marshall McLuhan __knowledge__ Born in Edmonton, Alberta, McLuhan studied at the University of Manitoba and the University of Cambridge.", "Marshall McLuhan __knowledge__ He began his teaching career as a professor of English at several universities in the U.S. and Canada before moving to the University of Toronto in 1946, where he remained for the rest of his life.", "Marshall McLuhan __knowledge__ McLuhan is known for coining the expression \"the medium is the message\" and the term global village, and for predicting the World Wide Web almost 30 years before it was invented.", "Korean influence on Japanese culture __knowledge__ Korean influence on Japanese culture refers to the impact of continental Asian influences transmitted through or originating in the Korean Peninsula on Japanese institutions, culture, language and society.", "Korean influence on Japanese culture __knowledge__ Since the Korean Peninsula was the cultural bridge between Japan and the Asian continent throughout much of Far Eastern history, these influences have been detected in a variety of aspects of Japanese culture, including technology, philosophy, art, and artistic techniques.", "Korean influence on Japanese culture __knowledge__ Notable examples of Korean influence on Japanese culture include the prehistoric migration of Korean peninsular peoples to Japan near the end of Japan's Jōmon period and the introduction of Buddhism to Japan via the Kingdom of Baekje in 538 AD.", "Kawaii __knowledge__ The cuteness culture, or \"kawaii\" aesthetic, has become a prominent aspect of Japanese popular culture, entertainment, clothing, food, toys, personal appearance and mannerisms.", "Kawaii __knowledge__ The word \"kawaii\" originally derives from the phrase \"kao hayushi\", which literally means \"(one's) face (is) aglow,\" commonly used to refer to flushing or blushing of the face.", "Kawaii __knowledge__ The second morpheme is cognate with \"-bayu\" in \"mabayui\" (眩い, 目映い, or 目映ゆい) \"dazzling, glaring, blinding, too bright; dazzlingly beautiful\" (\"ma-\" is from 目 \"me\" \"eye\") and \"-hayu\" in \"omohayui\" (面映い or 面映ゆい) \"embarrassed/embarrassing, awkward, feeling self-conscious/making one feel self-conscious\" (\"omo-\" is from 面 \"omo\", an archaic word for \"face, looks, features; surface; image, semblance, vestige\").", "Culture of Japan __knowledge__ The culture of Japan has evolved greatly over the millennia, from the country's prehistoric time Jōmon period, to its contemporary modern culture, which absorbs influences from Asia, Europe, and North America.", "Culture of Japan __knowledge__ Strong Chinese influences are still evident in traditional Japanese culture as China had historically been a regional powerhouse, which has resulted in Japan absorbing many elements of Chinese culture first through Korea, then later through direct cultural exchanges with China.", "Culture of Japan __knowledge__ The inhabitants of Japan experienced a long period of relative isolation from the outside world during the Tokugawa shogunate after Japanese missions to Imperial China, until the arrival of \"The Black Ships\" and the Meiji period.", "Japanese people __knowledge__ Worldwide, approximately 129 million people are of Japanese descent; of these, approximately 125 million are residents of Japan.", "Japanese people __knowledge__ People of Japanese ancestry who live outside Japan are referred to as the , the Japanese diaspora.", "Japanese people __knowledge__ The term \"ethnic Japanese\" may also be used in some contexts to refer to particular ethnic groups, including the Yamato (the dominant ethnic group, comprising over 120 million), Ainu, and Ryukyuan people.", "Japanese people __knowledge__ The Japanese language is a Japonic language that in the past was treated as a language isolate; it is related to the Ryukyuan languages.", "Japanese people __knowledge__ The Japanese language has a tripartite writing system using Hiragana, Katakana, and Kanji.", "Korea __knowledge__ Korea is a historical country in East Asia; since 1945, it has been divided into two distinct sovereign states: North Korea (officially the \"Democratic People's Republic of Korea\") and South Korea (officially the \"Republic of Korea\").", "Korea __knowledge__ Located on the Korean Peninsula, Korea is bordered by China to the northwest and Russia to the northeast.", "Korea __knowledge__ It is separated from Japan to the east by the Korea Strait and the Sea of Japan (East Sea).", "Korea __knowledge__ Korea emerged as a singular political entity in 676 AD, after centuries of conflict among the Three Kingdoms of Korea, which were unified as Unified Silla to the south and Balhae to the north.", "History of the Pacific Islands __knowledge__ History of the Pacific Islands covers the history of the islands in the Pacific Ocean.", "History of the Pacific Islands __knowledge__ Easter Island is one of the youngest inhabited territories on Earth, and for most of the History of Easter Island it was the most isolated inhabited territory on Earth.", "History of the Pacific Islands __knowledge__ Its inhabitants, the Rapanui, have endured famines and big push factors, epidemics, civil war, slave raids and colonialism; have seen their population crash on more than one occasion, and created a cultural legacy that has brought their fame out of all proportion to their numbers.", "History of the Pacific Islands __knowledge__ In Cook Islands Māori pre-history, Chieftains from present day French Polynesia and their tribes, along with navigators, took their ships in search of unknown or newly found lands, first arriving in the southern island groups around 800 AD or earlier.", "Military history of Japan __knowledge__ The military history of Japan is characterized by a period of clan warfare that lasted until the 12th century AD.", "Military history of Japan __knowledge__ This was followed by feudal wars that culminated in military governments known as the \"Shogunate\".", "Military history of Japan __knowledge__ Feudal militarism transitioned to imperial militarism in the 19th century after the landings of Admiral Perry and the elevation of the Meiji Emperor.", "Military history of Japan __knowledge__ This led to rampant imperialism until Japan's defeat by the Allies in World War II.", "Military history of Japan __knowledge__ The Occupation of Japan marks the inception of modern Japanese military history, with the drafting of a new Constitution prohibiting the ability to wage war against other nations.", "Wa (Japan) __knowledge__ Japanese is the oldest recorded name of Japan.", "Wa (Japan) __knowledge__ Chinese, Korean, and Japanese scribes regularly wrote \"Wa\" or \"Yamato\" \"Japan\" with the Chinese character until the 8th century, when the Japanese replaced it with 和 \"harmony, peace, balance.\"", "Wa (Japan) __knowledge__ The earliest textual references to Japan are in Chinese classic texts.", "Wa (Japan) __knowledge__ Within the official Chinese dynastic Twenty-Four Histories, Japan is mentioned among the so-called \"Dongyi\" 東夷 \"Eastern Barbarians\".", "Wa (Japan) __knowledge__ Note that the following texts are chronologically ordered by date of compilation, which does not always correspond with the sequence of Dynasties in Chinese history.", "Ancient history __knowledge__ Ancient history is the aggregate of past events from the beginning of recorded human history and extending as far as the Early Middle Ages or the Postclassical Era.", "Ancient history __knowledge__ The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with Sumerian Cuneiform script, the oldest discovered form of coherent writing from the protoliterate period around the 30th century BC.", "Ancient history __knowledge__ The term classical antiquity is often used to refer to history in the Old World from the beginning of recorded Greek history in 776 BC (First Olympiad).", "Ancient history __knowledge__ This roughly coincides with the traditional date of the founding of Rome in 753 BC, the beginning of the history of ancient Rome, and the beginning of the Archaic period in Ancient Greece." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The first human habitation in the Japanese archipelago has been traced to prehistoric times.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Jōmon period, named after its \"cord-marked\" pottery, was followed by the Yayoi in the first millennium BC, when new technologies were introduced from continental Asia.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ During this period, the first known written reference to Japan was recorded in the Chinese \"Book of Han\" in the first century AD.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Between the fourth century and the ninth century, Japan's many kingdoms and tribes gradually came to be unified under a centralized government, nominally controlled by the Emperor.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ This imperial dynasty continues to reign over Japan.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ In 794, a new imperial capital was established at Heian-kyō (modern Kyoto), marking the beginning of the Heian period, which lasted until 1185.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Heian period is considered a golden age of classical Japanese culture.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Japanese religious life from this time and onwards was a mix of native Shinto practices and Buddhism.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Over the following centuries the power of the Emperor and the imperial court gradually declined and passed to the military clans and their armies of samurai warriors.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Minamoto clan under Minamoto no Yoritomo emerged victorious from the Genpei War of 1180–85.", "Faith in Buddhism __knowledge__ In Buddhism, faith (, ) refers to a serene commitment in the practice of the Buddha's teaching and trust in enlightened or highly developed beings, such as Buddhas or \"bodhisattvas\" (those aiming to become a Buddha).", "Faith in Buddhism __knowledge__ Buddhists usually recognize multiple objects of faith, but many are especially devoted to one particular object of faith, such as one particular Buddha.", "Faith in Buddhism __knowledge__ Faith is not only related to devotion to a person, but is also connected with impersonal ideas such as the efficacy of karma and the possibility of enlightenment.", "Faith in Buddhism __knowledge__ Faith in early Buddhism focused on the Triple Gem, that is, the Buddha; his teaching (the Dhamma); and the community of spiritually developed followers, or the monastic community seeking enlightenment (the Sangha).", "Buddhism __knowledge__ Buddhism ( or ) is a religion and dharma that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on original teachings attributed to the Buddha and resulting interpreted philosophies.", "Buddhism __knowledge__ Buddhism originated in Ancient India sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE, from where it spread through much of Asia, whereafter it declined in India during the Middle Ages.", "Buddhism __knowledge__ Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada (Pali: \"The School of the Elders\") and Mahayana (Sanskrit: \"The Great Vehicle\").", "Buddhism __knowledge__ Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion, with over 520 million followers or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.", "Buddhism in Japan __knowledge__ Buddhism in Japan has been practiced since its official introduction in 552 CE according to the \"Nihon Shoki\" from Baekje, Korea, by Buddhist monks.", "Buddhism in Japan __knowledge__ Buddhism has had a major influence on the development of Japanese society and remains an influential aspect of the culture to this day.", "Buddhism in Japan __knowledge__ In modern times, Japan's most popular schools of Buddhism are Pure Land Buddhism, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon Buddhism and Zen.", "Buddhism in Japan __knowledge__ As of 2008, approximately 34% of the Japanese identify as Buddhists and the number has been growing since the 1980s, in terms of membership in organized religion.", "Buddhism in Japan __knowledge__ However, in terms of practice, 75% practice some form of Buddhism (compared with 90% practicing Shinto, thus most Japanese practice both religion to some extent (Shinbutsu-shūgō)).", "Korean Buddhism __knowledge__ Korean Buddhism is distinguished from other forms of Buddhism by its attempt to resolve what it sees as inconsistencies in Mahayana Buddhism.", "Korean Buddhism __knowledge__ Early Korean monks believed that the traditions they received from foreign countries were internally inconsistent.", "Korean Buddhism __knowledge__ To address this, they developed a new holistic approach to Buddhism.", "Korean Buddhism __knowledge__ This approach is characteristic of virtually all major Korean thinkers, and has resulted in a distinct variation of Buddhism, which is called \"Tongbulgyo\" (\"interpenetrated Buddhism\"), a form that sought to harmonize all disputes (a principle called \"hwajaeng\" 和諍) by Korean scholars.", "Buddhism and sexual orientation __knowledge__ The relationship between Buddhism and sexual orientation varies by tradition and teacher.", "Buddhism and sexual orientation __knowledge__ According to some scholars, early Buddhism appears to have placed no special stigma on homosexual relations, since the subject was not mentioned.", "Buddhism and sexual orientation __knowledge__ In the early sutras of Buddhism, \"accepted or unaccepted human sexual conduct\" for laypersons \"is not specifically mentioned.\"", "Buddhism and sexual orientation __knowledge__ \"Sexual misconduct\" is a broad term, subject to interpretation according to followers' social norms.", "Buddhism and sexual orientation __knowledge__ Early Buddhism appears to have been silent concerning homosexual relations.", "Buddhism and sexual orientation __knowledge__ According to the Pāli Canon & Āgama (the Early Buddhist scriptures), there is no saying that same or opposite gender relations have anything to do with sexual misconduct, and some Theravada monks express that same-gender relations do not violate the rule to avoid sexual misconduct, which means not having sex with someone underage (thus protected by their parents or guardians), someone betrothed or married and who have taken vows of religious celibacy.", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ This article is about Buddhist devotion in the present day.", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ Devotion in Buddhism is an important part of Buddhist practice.", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ It refers to devotion to religious observances or to an object or person, and may be translated with Pali language terms like \"saddhā\", \"gārava\" or \"pūjā\".", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ Central to Buddhist devotion is the practice of \"buddhānussati\", the recollection of the inspiring qualities of the Buddha.", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ Although \"buddhānussati\" had been an important aspect of practice since the early period of Buddhism, its importance was amplified with the arising of Mahāyāna Buddhism.", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ Specifically, with Pure Land Buddhism, many forms of devotion were developed to recollect and connect with the celestial Buddhas, especially Amitābha.", "Pure Land Buddhism __knowledge__ Pure Land Buddhism (; \"Jōdo bukkyō\"; Korean: ; ), also referred to as Amidism in English, is a broad branch of Mahayana Buddhism and one of the most widely practiced traditions of Buddhism in East Asia.", "Pure Land Buddhism __knowledge__ Pure Land is a tradition of Buddhist teachings that are focused on the Buddha Amitābha.", "Pure Land Buddhism __knowledge__ The three primary texts of the tradition, known as the \"Three Pure Land Sutras\", are the \"Longer Sukhāvatīvyūha Sūtra\" (\"Infinite Life Sutra\"), the \"Shorter Sukhāvatīvyūha Sūtra\" (\"Amitabha Sutra\") and the \"Amitayurdhyana Sutra\" (\"Contemplation Sutra\").", "Pure Land Buddhism __knowledge__ Pure Land oriented practices and concepts are found within basic Mahāyāna Buddhist cosmology, and form an important component of the Mahāyāna Buddhist traditions of China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam and Tibet.", "Shinto __knowledge__ Shinto practices were first recorded and codified in the written historical records of the \"Kojiki\" and \"Nihon Shoki\" in the 8th century.", "Shinto __knowledge__ Still, these earliest Japanese writings do not refer to a unified religion, but rather to a collection of native beliefs and mythology.", "Shinto __knowledge__ Shinto today is the religion of public shrines devoted to the worship of a multitude of gods (\"kami\"), suited to various purposes such as war memorials and harvest festivals, and applies as well to various sectarian organizations.", "Shinto __knowledge__ Practitioners express their diverse beliefs through a standard language and practice, adopting a similar style in dress and ritual, dating from around the time of the Nara and Heian periods (8th–12th century).", "Religion in China __knowledge__ China has long been a cradle and host to a variety of the most enduring religio-philosophical traditions of the world.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ Confucianism and Taoism, later joined by Buddhism, constitute the \"three teachings\" that have shaped Chinese culture.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ There are no clear boundaries between these intertwined religious systems, which do not claim to be exclusive, and elements of each enrich popular or folk religion.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ The emperors of China claimed the Mandate of Heaven and participated in Chinese religious practices.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, reform-minded officials and intellectuals attacked all religions as \"superstitious\", and since 1949, China has been governed by the Communist Party of China, an atheist institution that prohibits party members from practising religion while in office.", "State Shinto __knowledge__ The State Shinto ideology emerged at the start of the Meiji era, after government officials defined freedom of religion within the Meiji Constitution.", "State Shinto __knowledge__ Imperial scholars believed Shinto reflected the historical fact of the Emperor's divine origins rather than a religious belief, and argued that it should enjoy a privileged relationship with the Japanese state.", "State Shinto __knowledge__ The government argued that Shinto was a non-religious moral tradition and patriotic practice.", "State Shinto __knowledge__ Though early Meiji-era attempts to unite Shinto and the state failed, this non-religious concept of ideological Shinto was incorporated into state bureaucracy.", "Religion in Japan __knowledge__ Religion in Japan is dominated by Shinto (the ethnic religion of the Japanese people) and by Buddhism.", "Religion in Japan __knowledge__ According to surveys carried out in 2006 and 2008, less than 40% of the population of Japan identifies with an organised religion: around 35% are Buddhists, 3% to 4% are members of Shinto sects and derived religions, and from fewer than 1% to 2.3% are Christians.", "Religion in Japan __knowledge__ Most of the Japanese (50% to 80% considering degrees of syncretism with Buddhism, \"shinbutsu-shūgō\") pray and worship ancestors and gods (神 \"kami\", \"shin\" or, archaically, \"jin\") at Shinto shrines or at private altars, while not identifying as \"Shinto\" or \"Shintoist\" in surveys.", "Jōdo Shinshū __knowledge__ , also known as Shin Buddhism or True Pure Land Buddhism, is a school of Pure Land Buddhism.", "Jōdo Shinshū __knowledge__ It was founded by the former Tendai Japanese monk Shinran.", "Jōdo Shinshū __knowledge__ Shin Buddhism is considered the most widely practiced branch of Buddhism in Japan.", "Jōdo Shinshū __knowledge__ Shinran (1173–1263) lived during the late-Heian early-Kamakura period (1185–1333), a time of turmoil for Japan when the emperor was stripped of political power by the shoguns.", "Jōdo Shinshū __knowledge__ Shinran's family had a high rank at the Imperial court in Kyoto, but given the times, many aristocratic families were sending sons off to be Buddhist monks instead of having them participate in the Imperial government.", "Shinbutsu-shūgō __knowledge__ Shinbutsu-shūgō (, \"syncretism of kami and buddhas\"), also called Shinbutsu-konkō (, \"jumbling up\" or \"contamination of kami and buddhas\"), is the syncretism of Buddhism and kami worship that was Japan's only organized religion up until the Meiji period.", "Shinbutsu-shūgō __knowledge__ Beginning in 1868, the new Meiji government approved a series of laws that separated Japanese native kami worship, on one side, from Buddhism which had assimilated it, on the other.", "Shinbutsu-shūgō __knowledge__ When Buddhism was introduced through China in the Asuka period (6th century), rather than discarding the old belief system, the Japanese tried to reconcile the two, assuming both were true." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The first human habitation in the Japanese archipelago has been traced to prehistoric times.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Jōmon period, named after its \"cord-marked\" pottery, was followed by the Yayoi in the first millennium BC, when new technologies were introduced from continental Asia.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ During this period, the first known written reference to Japan was recorded in the Chinese \"Book of Han\" in the first century AD.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Between the fourth century and the ninth century, Japan's many kingdoms and tribes gradually came to be unified under a centralized government, nominally controlled by the Emperor.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ This imperial dynasty continues to reign over Japan.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ In 794, a new imperial capital was established at Heian-kyō (modern Kyoto), marking the beginning of the Heian period, which lasted until 1185.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Heian period is considered a golden age of classical Japanese culture.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Japanese religious life from this time and onwards was a mix of native Shinto practices and Buddhism.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Over the following centuries the power of the Emperor and the imperial court gradually declined and passed to the military clans and their armies of samurai warriors.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Minamoto clan under Minamoto no Yoritomo emerged victorious from the Genpei War of 1180–85.", "Buddhism in the United States __knowledge__ Buddhism is one of the largest religions in the United States behind Christianity, Judaism and Islam.", "Buddhism in the United States __knowledge__ American Buddhists include many Asian Americans, as well as a large number of converts of other ethnicities, and now their children and even grandchildren.", "Buddhism in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012, \"U-T San Diego\" estimated U.S. practitioners at 1.2 million people, of whom 40% are living in Southern California.", "Buddhism in the United States __knowledge__ In terms of percentage, Hawaii has the most Buddhists at 8% of the population due to its large Asian American community.", "Buddhism in the United States __knowledge__ Buddhist American scholar Charles Prebish states there are three broad types of American Buddhism: Soka Gakkai International (SGI) is perhaps the most successful of Japan's new religious movements that grew around the world after the end of World War II.", "Zen in the United States __knowledge__ Zen was introduced in the United States at the end of the 19th century by Japanese teachers who went to America to serve groups of Japanese immigrants and become acquainted with the American culture.", "Zen in the United States __knowledge__ After World War II, interest from non-Asian Americans grew rapidly.", "Zen in the United States __knowledge__ This resulted in the commencement of an indigenous American Zen tradition which also influences the larger western (Zen) world.", "Zen in the United States __knowledge__ In 1893, the World Parliament of Religions was held in Chicago.", "Zen in the United States __knowledge__ It was a landmark event for the introduction of Asian religions to a western audience.", "Zen in the United States __knowledge__ Although most of the delegates to the Parliament were Christians of various denominations, the Buddhist nations of China, Japan, Thailand, and Sri Lanka sent representatives.", "Faith in Buddhism __knowledge__ In Buddhism, faith (, ) refers to a serene commitment in the practice of the Buddha's teaching and trust in enlightened or highly developed beings, such as Buddhas or \"bodhisattvas\" (those aiming to become a Buddha).", "Faith in Buddhism __knowledge__ Buddhists usually recognize multiple objects of faith, but many are especially devoted to one particular object of faith, such as one particular Buddha.", "Faith in Buddhism __knowledge__ Faith is not only related to devotion to a person, but is also connected with impersonal ideas such as the efficacy of karma and the possibility of enlightenment.", "Faith in Buddhism __knowledge__ Faith in early Buddhism focused on the Triple Gem, that is, the Buddha; his teaching (the Dhamma); and the community of spiritually developed followers, or the monastic community seeking enlightenment (the Sangha).", "Buddhist modernism __knowledge__ Buddhist modernism (also referred to as Modern Buddhism, modernist Buddhism and Neo-Buddhism) are new movements based on modern era reinterpretations of Buddhism.", "Buddhist modernism __knowledge__ David McMahan states that modernism in Buddhism is similar to those found in other religions.", "Buddhist modernism __knowledge__ The sources of influences have variously been an engagement of Buddhist communities and teachers with the new cultures and methodologies such as \"western monotheism; rationalism and scientific naturalism; and Romantic expressivism\".", "Buddhist modernism __knowledge__ The influence of monotheism has been the internalization of Buddhist gods to make it acceptable in modern West, while scientific naturalism and romanticism has influenced the emphasis on current life, empirical defense, reason, psychological and health benefits.", "Japanese garden __knowledge__ Ancient Japanese art inspired past garden designers.", "Japanese garden __knowledge__ By the Edo period, the Japanese garden had its own distinct appearance.", "Japanese garden __knowledge__ The idea of these unique gardens began during the Asuka period.", "Japanese garden __knowledge__ Japanese merchants witnessed the gardens that were being built in China, and brought many of the Chinese gardening techniques and styles back to Japan.", "Japanese garden __knowledge__ Today, the tradition of Japanese garden art is still popular around the world, with many eastern and western practitioners expressing themselves through the medium.", "Japanese garden __knowledge__ Japanese gardens first appeared on the island of Honshu, the large central island of Japan.", "Japanese garden __knowledge__ Their aesthetic was influenced by the distinct characteristics of the Honshu landscape; rugged volcanic peaks, narrow valleys, mountain streams with waterfalls and cascades, lakes, and beaches of small stones.", "History of Buddhism __knowledge__ The history of Buddhism spans from the 5th century BCE to the present; which arose in the eastern part of Ancient India, in and around the ancient Kingdom of Magadha (now in Bihar, India), and is based on the teachings of Siddhārtha Gautama.", "History of Buddhism __knowledge__ This makes it one of the oldest religions practiced today.", "History of Buddhism __knowledge__ The religion evolved as it spread from the northeastern region of the Indian subcontinent through Central, East, and Southeast Asia.", "History of Buddhism __knowledge__ At one time or another, it influenced most of the Asian continent.", "History of Buddhism __knowledge__ The history of Buddhism is also characterized by the development of numerous movements, schisms, and schools, among them the Theravāda, Mahāyāna and Vajrayāna traditions, with contrasting periods of expansion and retreat.", "Sōtō __knowledge__ Sōtō Zen or is the largest of the three traditional sects of Zen in Japanese Buddhism (the others being Rinzai and Ōbaku).", "Sōtō __knowledge__ It is the Japanese line of the Chinese Cáodòng school, which was founded during the Tang dynasty by Dòngshān Liánjiè.", "Sōtō __knowledge__ It emphasizes Shikantaza, meditation with no objects, anchors, or content.", "Sōtō __knowledge__ The meditator strives to be aware of the stream of thoughts, allowing them to arise and pass away without interference.", "Sōtō __knowledge__ The Japanese brand of the sect was imported in the 13th century by Dōgen Zenji, who studied Cáodòng Buddhism () abroad in China.", "Sōtō __knowledge__ Dōgen is remembered today as the co-patriarch of Sōtō Zen in Japan along with Keizan Jōkin.", "Buddhism in Japan __knowledge__ Buddhism in Japan has been practiced since its official introduction in 552 CE according to the \"Nihon Shoki\" from Baekje, Korea, by Buddhist monks.", "Buddhism in Japan __knowledge__ Buddhism has had a major influence on the development of Japanese society and remains an influential aspect of the culture to this day.", "Buddhism in Japan __knowledge__ In modern times, Japan's most popular schools of Buddhism are Pure Land Buddhism, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon Buddhism and Zen.", "Buddhism in Japan __knowledge__ As of 2008, approximately 34% of the Japanese identify as Buddhists and the number has been growing since the 1980s, in terms of membership in organized religion.", "Buddhism in Japan __knowledge__ However, in terms of practice, 75% practice some form of Buddhism (compared with 90% practicing Shinto, thus most Japanese practice both religion to some extent (Shinbutsu-shūgō)).", "Nichiren Buddhism __knowledge__ Nichiren Buddhism is a branch of Mahayana Buddhism based on the teachings of the 13th century Japanese Buddhist priest Nichiren (1222–1282) and is one of the \"Kamakura Buddhism\" schools.", "Nichiren Buddhism __knowledge__ Its teachings derive from the 300 extant letters and treatises written by Nichiren.", "Nichiren Buddhism __knowledge__ Within Nichiren Buddhism there are two major divisions which fundamentally differ over whether Nichiren should be regarded as a bodhisattva of the earth, a saint, great teacher--or the actual Buddha of the third age of Buddhism.", "Nichiren Buddhism __knowledge__ Several of Japan's New Religious Movements are Nichiren-inspired lay groups.", "Nichiren Buddhism __knowledge__ It is practiced worldwide, with practitioners throughout the United States, Brazil and Europe, as well as in South Korea and southeast Asia.", "Pure Land Buddhism __knowledge__ Pure Land Buddhism (; \"Jōdo bukkyō\"; Korean: ; ), also referred to as Amidism in English, is a broad branch of Mahayana Buddhism and one of the most widely practiced traditions of Buddhism in East Asia.", "Pure Land Buddhism __knowledge__ Pure Land is a tradition of Buddhist teachings that are focused on the Buddha Amitābha.", "Pure Land Buddhism __knowledge__ The three primary texts of the tradition, known as the \"Three Pure Land Sutras\", are the \"Longer Sukhāvatīvyūha Sūtra\" (\"Infinite Life Sutra\"), the \"Shorter Sukhāvatīvyūha Sūtra\" (\"Amitabha Sutra\") and the \"Amitayurdhyana Sutra\" (\"Contemplation Sutra\").", "Pure Land Buddhism __knowledge__ Pure Land oriented practices and concepts are found within basic Mahāyāna Buddhist cosmology, and form an important component of the Mahāyāna Buddhist traditions of China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam and Tibet.", "Nichiren __knowledge__ Nichiren also known as \"\"Nichiren Shonin\"\" or \"\"Nichiren Daishonin\"\" (日蓮; 16 February 1222 – 13 October 1282), born as , was a Japanese Buddhist priest who lived during the Kamakura period (1185–1333).", "Nichiren __knowledge__ Nichiren is known for his sole devotion to the \"Lotus Sutra\", asserting that it was Shakyamuni Buddha's ultimate teachings and was the exclusive method to attain enlightenment.", "Nichiren __knowledge__ He believed that the Lotus Sutra contained the essence of all of Shakyamuni Buddha's teachings related to the laws of causality, karma, without any distinction to enlightenment.", "Nichiren __knowledge__ His interpretation of the Lotus Sutra centers on the emphasis of its 16th chapter, \"The Life Span of the Thus Come One\", where he asserts his revelation that the chanting of Nam Myōhō Renge Kyō is the superior practice of today's age of \"Mappō\".", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ This article is about Buddhist devotion in the present day.", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ Devotion in Buddhism is an important part of Buddhist practice.", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ It refers to devotion to religious observances or to an object or person, and may be translated with Pali language terms like \"saddhā\", \"gārava\" or \"pūjā\".", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ Central to Buddhist devotion is the practice of \"buddhānussati\", the recollection of the inspiring qualities of the Buddha.", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ Although \"buddhānussati\" had been an important aspect of practice since the early period of Buddhism, its importance was amplified with the arising of Mahāyāna Buddhism.", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ Specifically, with Pure Land Buddhism, many forms of devotion were developed to recollect and connect with the celestial Buddhas, especially Amitābha.", "Jōdo Shinshū __knowledge__ , also known as Shin Buddhism or True Pure Land Buddhism, is a school of Pure Land Buddhism.", "Jōdo Shinshū __knowledge__ It was founded by the former Tendai Japanese monk Shinran.", "Jōdo Shinshū __knowledge__ Shin Buddhism is considered the most widely practiced branch of Buddhism in Japan.", "Jōdo Shinshū __knowledge__ Shinran (1173–1263) lived during the late-Heian early-Kamakura period (1185–1333), a time of turmoil for Japan when the emperor was stripped of political power by the shoguns.", "Jōdo Shinshū __knowledge__ Shinran's family had a high rank at the Imperial court in Kyoto, but given the times, many aristocratic families were sending sons off to be Buddhist monks instead of having them participate in the Imperial government." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The first human habitation in the Japanese archipelago has been traced to prehistoric times.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Jōmon period, named after its \"cord-marked\" pottery, was followed by the Yayoi in the first millennium BC, when new technologies were introduced from continental Asia.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ During this period, the first known written reference to Japan was recorded in the Chinese \"Book of Han\" in the first century AD.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Between the fourth century and the ninth century, Japan's many kingdoms and tribes gradually came to be unified under a centralized government, nominally controlled by the Emperor.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ This imperial dynasty continues to reign over Japan.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ In 794, a new imperial capital was established at Heian-kyō (modern Kyoto), marking the beginning of the Heian period, which lasted until 1185.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Heian period is considered a golden age of classical Japanese culture.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Japanese religious life from this time and onwards was a mix of native Shinto practices and Buddhism.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ Over the following centuries the power of the Emperor and the imperial court gradually declined and passed to the military clans and their armies of samurai warriors.", "History of Japan __knowledge__ The Minamoto clan under Minamoto no Yoritomo emerged victorious from the Genpei War of 1180–85.", "Themes in Nazi propaganda __knowledge__ The propaganda of the National Socialist German Workers' Party regime that governed Germany from 1933 to 1945 promoted Nazi ideology by demonizing the enemies of the Nazi Party, notably Jews and communists, but also capitalists and intellectuals.", "Themes in Nazi propaganda __knowledge__ It promoted the values asserted by the Nazis, including heroic death, \"Führerprinzip\" (leader principle), \"Volksgemeinschaft\" (people's community), \"Blut und Boden\" (blood and soil) and pride in the Germanic \"Herrenvolk\" (master race).", "Themes in Nazi propaganda __knowledge__ Propaganda was also used to maintain the cult of personality around Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, and to promote campaigns for eugenics and the annexation of German-speaking areas.", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain __knowledge__ Houston Stewart Chamberlain (; 9 September 1855 – 9 January 1927) was a British-born philosopher who wrote works about political philosophy and natural science; he is described by Michael D. Biddiss, a contributor to the \"Oxford Dictionary of National Biography\", as a \"racialist writer\".", "Houston Stewart Chamberlain __knowledge__ Chamberlain married Eva von Bülow, the daughter of composer Richard Wagner, in December 1908 - twenty-five years after Wagner's death Chamberlain's best known book is the two-volume \"Die Grundlagen des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts\" (\"The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century\"), published in 1899, which became highly influential in the pan-Germanic \"völkisch\" movements of the early 20th century and later influenced the antisemitism of Nazi racial policy.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ Major-General Charles George Gordon CB (28 January 1833 – 26 January 1885), also known as Chinese Gordon, Gordon Pasha, and Gordon of Khartoum, was a British Army officer and administrator.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ He saw action in the Crimean War as an officer in the British Army.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ However, he made his military reputation in China, where he was placed in command of the \"Ever Victorious Army,\" a force of Chinese soldiers led by European officers.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ In the early 1860s, Gordon and his men were instrumental in putting down the Taiping Rebellion, regularly defeating much larger forces.", "Charles George Gordon __knowledge__ For these accomplishments, he was given the nickname \"Chinese Gordon\" and honours from both the Emperor of China and the British.", "Teacher __knowledge__ A teacher (also called a school teacher or, in some contexts, an educator) is a person who helps others to acquire knowledge, competences or values.", "Teacher __knowledge__ \"Informally\" the role of teacher may be taken on by anyone (e.g.", "Teacher __knowledge__ when showing a colleague how to perform a specific task).", "Teacher __knowledge__ In some countries, teaching young people of school age may be carried out in an informal setting, such as within the family (homeschooling), rather than in a formal setting such as a school or college.", "Teacher __knowledge__ Some other professions may involve a significant amount of teaching (e.g.", "Teacher __knowledge__ youth worker, pastor).", "Teacher __knowledge__ In most countries, \"formal\" teaching of students is usually carried out by paid professional teachers.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ Text messaging, or texting, is the act of composing and sending electronic messages, typically consisting of alphabetic and numeric characters, between two or more users of mobile phones, tablets, desktops/laptops, or other devices.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ Text messages may be sent over a cellular network, or may also be sent via an Internet connection.", "Text messaging __knowledge__ The term originally referred to messages sent using the Short Message Service (SMS).", "Text messaging __knowledge__ It has grown beyond alphanumeric text to include multimedia messages (known as MMS) containing digital images, videos, and sound content, as well as ideograms known as emoji (happy faces, sad faces, and other icons).", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ In sociolinguistics, a T–V distinction (from the Latin pronouns tu\" and vos\") is a contrast, within one language, between various forms of addressing one's conversation partner or partners that are specialized for varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity, age or insult toward the addressee.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ Many languages lack this type of distinction, instead relying on more explicit wording to convey these meanings.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ The morphosyntactic T–V distinction, though, is found in a variety of languages around the world.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ Modern English technically has the T–V distinction, manifested in the pronouns \"thou\" and \"you\", though the familiar \"thou\" is no longer used in most contemporary dialects.", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ The digital divide is an economic and social inequality with regard to access to, use of, or impact of information and communication technologies (ICT).", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ Factors causing the divide can vary depending on the country and culture, as can the potential solutions for minimizing or closing the divide.", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ The following is a list of countries that have a digital divide along with contributing factors and steps the country is taking to resolve the issue.", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ The digital divide in Argentina is the term used to describe the technological and connectivity gap between different demographics and regions, specifically the gaps present in the country of Argentina.", "Faith in Buddhism __knowledge__ In Buddhism, faith (, ) refers to a serene commitment in the practice of the Buddha's teaching and trust in enlightened or highly developed beings, such as Buddhas or \"bodhisattvas\" (those aiming to become a Buddha).", "Faith in Buddhism __knowledge__ Buddhists usually recognize multiple objects of faith, but many are especially devoted to one particular object of faith, such as one particular Buddha.", "Faith in Buddhism __knowledge__ Faith is not only related to devotion to a person, but is also connected with impersonal ideas such as the efficacy of karma and the possibility of enlightenment.", "Faith in Buddhism __knowledge__ Faith in early Buddhism focused on the Triple Gem, that is, the Buddha; his teaching (the Dhamma); and the community of spiritually developed followers, or the monastic community seeking enlightenment (the Sangha).", "Buddhist philosophy __knowledge__ Buddhist philosophy refers to the philosophical investigations and systems of inquiry that developed among various Buddhist schools in India following the death of the Buddha and later spread throughout Asia.", "Buddhist philosophy __knowledge__ Buddhism's main concern has always been freedom from dukkha (unease), and the path to that ultimate freedom consists in ethical action (karma), meditation and in direct insight (prajña) into the nature of \"things as they truly are\" (yathābhūtaṃ viditvā).", "Buddhist philosophy __knowledge__ Indian Buddhists sought this understanding not just from the revealed teachings of the Buddha, but through philosophical analysis and rational deliberation.", "Mahayana __knowledge__ Mahāyāna (Sanskrit for \"Great Vehicle\") is one of two (or three, under some classifications) main existing branches of Buddhism and a term for classification of Buddhist philosophies and practice.", "Mahayana __knowledge__ This movement added a further set of discourses, and although it was initially small in India, it had long-term historical significance.", "Mahayana __knowledge__ The Buddhist tradition of Vajrayana is sometimes classified as a part of Mahayana Buddhism, but some scholars may consider it as a different branch altogether.", "Mahayana __knowledge__ According to the teachings of Mahāyāna traditions, \"Mahāyāna\" also refers to the path of the Bodhisattva seeking complete enlightenment for the benefit of all sentient beings, also called \"Bodhisattvayāna\", or the \"Bodhisattva Vehicle\".", "Ascended master __knowledge__ In the Ascended Master Teachings, Ascended Masters are believed to be spiritually enlightened beings who in past incarnations were ordinary humans, but who have undergone a series of spiritual transformations originally called \"initiations\".", "Ascended master __knowledge__ Both \"Mahatma\" and \"Ascended Master\" are terms used in the Ascended Master Teachings.", "Ascended master __knowledge__ Ascended Master is based on the Theosophical concept of the Mahatma or \"Masters of the Ancient Wisdom\".", "Ascended master __knowledge__ However, \"Mahatmas\" and \"Ascended Masters\" are believed by some to differ in certain respects.", "Ascended master __knowledge__ The Ascended Master Teachings refer to the Sixth Initiation as \"Ascension\".", "Lotus Sutra __knowledge__ The Lotus Sūtra (Sanskrit: सद्धर्मपुण्डरीक सूत्र \"\", literally \"Sūtra on the White Lotus of the Sublime Dharma\") is one of the most popular and influential Mahayana sutras, and the basis on which the Tiantai, Tendai, Cheontae, and Nichiren schools of Buddhism were established.", "Lotus Sutra __knowledge__ According to Paul Williams, \"For many East Asian Buddhists since early times the Lotus Sutra contains the final teaching of the Buddha, complete and sufficient for salvation.\"", "Lotus Sutra __knowledge__ The earliest known Sanskrit title for the sūtra is the \"\", which translates to \"Scripture of the Lotus Blossom of the Fine Dharma\".", "Lotus Sutra __knowledge__ In English, the shortened form \"Lotus Sūtra\" is common.", "Rajneesh __knowledge__ In 1970 Rajneesh spent time in Mumbai initiating followers known as \"neo-sannyasins.\"", "Rajneesh __knowledge__ During this period he expanded his spiritual teachings and through his discourses gave an original insight into the writings of religious traditions, mystics, and philosophers from around the world.", "Rajneesh __knowledge__ In 1974 Rajneesh relocated to Pune where a foundation and ashram was established to offer a variety of \"transformational tools\" for both Indian and international visitors.", "Rajneesh __knowledge__ By the late 1970s, tension between the ruling Janata Party government of Morarji Desai and the movement led to a curbing of the ashram's development.", "Guanyin __knowledge__ Guanyin or Guan Yin () is an East Asian bodhisattva associated with compassion as venerated by Mahayana Buddhists and followers of Chinese folk religions.", "Guanyin __knowledge__ She is commonly known as the \"Goddess of Mercy\" in English.", "Guanyin __knowledge__ The Chinese name Guanyin is short for Guanshiyin, meaning \"[The One Who] Perceives the Sounds of the World\".", "Guanyin __knowledge__ Some Buddhists believe that when one of their adherents departs from this world, they are placed by Guanyin in the heart of a lotus, and then sent to the western Pure Land of Sukhāvatī.", "Guanyin __knowledge__ Guanyin is often referred to as the \"most widely beloved Buddhist Divinity\" with miraculous powers to assist all those who pray to her, as is said in the Lotus Sutra and Karandavyuha Sutra." ] ]

[ 1, 8, 21, 22, 46 ]

[ "I happen to know quite a bit actually! I studied it in university. The Japanese archipelago and history of the people there is actually traced back to prehistoric times!", "I was interested in the Japanese religions, particularly the older Shinto and Buddhist practices. I can speak only a little bit! How about you? ", "I don't know much about it in India, however in Japan the most popular types are Pure Land Buddhism, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon Buddhism and Zen. ", "Not exactly. I enjoy reading about the ideas of many cultures. I appreciate the teachings of becoming enlightened and developing beings, such as the Buddhas.", "Yes I agree. There are definitely similarities in all cultures. The Buddhists actually do a great deal of philosophical analysis and rational deliberation. " ]

[ "History of Japan", "History of Japan", "History of Japan", "History of Japan", "History of Japan" ]

[ "New York City\nHi, where do you live? I am from NYC.", "Yeah, I have lived in New York City all my life. It's very fast paced.", "I have been to Staten Island, Rochester, Albany. Pretty much all over New York. Have you?", "Yeah, most defiantly. It's a great place to visit.", "Oh yes! Sometimes I just want to get away from the noise. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The New York Central Railroad was a railroad operating in the Northeastern United States.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ Headquartered in New York City, the railroad served most of the Northeast, including extensive trackage in the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Massachusetts and West Virginia plus additional trackage in the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The railroad primarily connected greater New York and Boston in the east with Chicago and St. Louis in the midwest along with the intermediate cities of Albany, Buffalo, Cleveland, Cincinnati, and Detroit.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The NYC's Grand Central Terminal in New York City is one of its best known extant landmarks.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2009–10 season is Sunderland's third consecutive season in the top division of English football, the Premier League.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Ricky Sbragia was replaced by Steve Bruce in the close season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ His aim is to improve on the club's 16th position the previous season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in the Premier League with 24 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Andy Reid was the top scorer in the League Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Fraizer Campbell was the top scorer in the FA Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in all competitions with 25 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ At the end of the season, Darren Bent won both the club's official Player of the Season and the SAFC Supporters' Association awards.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ In January 2004, Sony announced the Hi-MD media storage format as a further development of the MiniDisc format.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ With its release in later 2004, came the ability to use newly developed, high-capacity 1 gigabyte Hi-MD discs, sporting the same dimensions as regular MiniDiscs.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The Hi-MD format can be considered obsolete as the last recorder/player was discontinued in 2011.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The discs themselves were withdrawn from sale in September 2012, though regular MiniDiscs are still available ().", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ Hi-MD offers the choice of several codecs for audio recording: PCM, Hi-SP and Hi-LP, each selectable on the Hi-MD Walkman itself.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ NYC Ferry (originally called Citywide Ferry Service) is a network of ferry routes in New York City operated by Hornblower Cruises.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ , there are four routes connecting 17 ferry piers in Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Queens.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ NYC Ferry has a total of 23 vessels, providing half-hourly to hourly service on each of the routes.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ Prior to NYC Ferry, there had been many ferries that traversed the East River and Hudson River, although by the 1960s, almost all ferry services citywide had been discontinued due to the popularity of road and rail transit across the rivers.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ Ferries in New York City saw a revival in the 1980s and 1990s.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ Hi-5 is an Australian children's television series, originally produced by Kids Like Us and later Southern Star for the Nine Network and created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The program is known for its educational content, and for the cast of the program, who became a recognised musical group for children outside of the series, known collectively as Hi-5.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ It has generated discussion about what is considered appropriate television for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series premiered in April 1999 on the Nine Network.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series is designed for a pre-school audience, featuring five performers who educate and entertain through music, movement and play.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ A hi-hat, also spelled hihat or high-hat, is a combination of two cymbals, a foot-operated pedal which moves a rod which in turn moves one of the cymbals, all mounted on a metal stand.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ Hihats are an essential part of the standard drum kit used by drummers in many popular music (e.g.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ every genre of rock music) and traditional music (e.g.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ blues) styles.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ It consists of a mating pair of small to medium-sized cymbals mounted on a stand, with the two cymbals facing each other.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ The bottom cymbal is fixed and the top is mounted on a rod which moves the top cymbal towards the bottom one when a foot pedal is depressed (a hihat that is in this position is said to be \"closed\" or \"closed hihats\").", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ The Woodward Gallery is a contemporary fine art gallery that opened in April 1994 under the incorporation G.O.L.A, Inc. (Gallery of Living Artists).", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ The inaugural exhibition was held in Times Square at the Roundabout Theatre Company.", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ Their gallery space started in New York City at 419 Lafayette Street and moved to SoHo at 476 Broome Street.", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ Woodward Gallery moved to the private building at 133 Eldridge Street in May 2007 on the Lower East Side of New York City.", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ Woodward Gallery relocated to their current ground floor space ten years later at 132A Eldridge Street between Broome and Delancey and is open to the public by private appointment only.", "Drum kit __knowledge__ A drum kit — also called a drum set, trap set, or simply drums — is a collection of drums and other percussion instruments, typically cymbals, which are set up on stands to be played by a single player, with drumsticks held in both hands, and the feet operating pedals that control the hi-hat cymbal and the beater for the bass drum.", "Drum kit __knowledge__ A drum kit consists of a mix of drums (categorized classically as membranophones, Hornbostel-Sachs high-level classification 2) and idiophones - most significantly cymbals, but can also include the woodblock and cowbell (classified as Hornbostel-Sachs high-level classification 1).", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ James Peck (December 19, 1914July 12, 1993) was an American activist who practiced nonviolent resistance during World War II and in the Civil Rights Movement.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ He is the only person who participated in both the Journey of Reconciliation (1947) and the first Freedom Ride of 1961, and has been called a white civil rights hero.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ Peck advocated nonviolent civil disobedience throughout his life, and was arrested more than 60 times between the 1930s and 1980s.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ James Peck (usually called \"Jim\") was born in Manhattan, the son of Samuel Peck, a wealthy clothing wholesaler, who died when his son was eleven years old." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ The BBC Television Shakespeare is a series of British television adaptations of the plays of William Shakespeare, created by Cedric Messina and broadcast by BBC Television.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Transmitted in the UK from 3 December 1978 to 27 April 1985, the series spanned seven seasons and thirty-seven episodes.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Development began in 1975 when Messina saw that the grounds of Glamis Castle would make a perfect location for an adaptation of Shakespeare's \"As You Like It\" for the \"Play of the Month\" series.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Upon returning to London, however, he had come to envision an entire series devoted exclusively to the dramatic works of Shakespeare.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "A Darker Domain __knowledge__ A Darker Domain is a 2008 psychological thriller novel by Scottish crime writer Val McDermid.", "A Darker Domain __knowledge__ Reviewers often noted the fast paced style of the novel as it flashes back and forth between two plot lines, a contemporary crime in 2007 and the investigation of a cold case from 1984.", "A Darker Domain __knowledge__ The novel is set in during the UK miners strike of 1984–1985 in Fife.", "A Darker Domain __knowledge__ Her accounts of the strike are particularly pointed, exploring the effects of the strikes on the emotions of the people involved and their community.", "A Darker Domain __knowledge__ McDermid was raised in Fife, and one reviewer credits her accurate review of the strikes to her experiences earlier in her life.", "Robin Mitchell __knowledge__ Robin Mitchell (born 27 May 1963) is a Scottish writer and producer.", "Robin Mitchell __knowledge__ Mitchell was born on 27 May 1963 in the village of Letham, Fife, Scotland.", "Robin Mitchell __knowledge__ He attended Parkhill Primary School in Leven and Buckhaven High School.", "Robin Mitchell __knowledge__ At Edinburgh Napier University, he studied a Higher Diploma in Hotel Catering and Institutional Management (1980–1983).", "Robin Mitchell __knowledge__ In 1986, he passed the Scottish Tourist Guides Association (STGA) course at the University of Edinburgh.", "Robin Mitchell __knowledge__ Mitchell co-founded Edinburgh's Cadies & Witchery Tours (with Colin Macphail) in 1984 and the film production company Cadies Productions Ltd in 2004.", "Robin Mitchell __knowledge__ The name 'Cadies' was taken from the 18th-century Edinburgh 'Caddies'.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ F.A.M.E.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ (abbreviated as Forgiving All My Enemies) is the fourth studio album by American singer Chris Brown.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ It was first released on March 18, 2011, by Jive Records.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ The album serves as the follow-up to his third album \"Graffiti\" (2009).", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ The album also marks his last album with Jive Records.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ On this album, Brown worked with several record producers and songwriters; including Kevin McCall, Jean-Baptiste, Brian Kennedy, DJ Frank E, The Underdogs and The Messengers, among others.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances, from Wiz Khalifa, Game, Timbaland and Big Sean, among others.", "F.A.M.E. (album) __knowledge__ Musically, \"F.A.M.E.\"", "WMCA (AM) __knowledge__ WMCA (570 AM, \"The Mission\") is an AM radio station in New York City, owned by Salem Media Group and broadcasting with a Christian radio format consisting of teaching and talk programs.", "WMCA (AM) __knowledge__ The station's studios are in Lower Manhattan and are shared with co-owned WNYM (970 AM).", "WMCA (AM) __knowledge__ WMCA's transmitter is located along Belleville Turnpike in Kearny, New Jersey.", "WMCA (AM) __knowledge__ The station's daytime coverage includes New York City and portions of Long Island and the lower Hudson Valley in New York State, as well as parts of New Jersey and Connecticut.", "WMCA (AM) __knowledge__ Prior to switching to its current programming in 1989, WMCA's best-known incarnations were as a locally programmed talk radio outlet during the 1970s and 1980s; and before that as a Top 40 outlet featuring its lineup of disc jockeys, known as the \"Good Guys\".", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Chakradharpur __knowledge__ Chakradharpur is a town with a municipality in West Singhbhum district in the state of Jharkhand, India.", "Chakradharpur __knowledge__ It is located on the Chota Nagpur Plateau west of Jamshedpur, south of Ranchi, east of Rourkela and north of Chaibasa (which is the district headquarters).", "Chakradharpur __knowledge__ The town serves the mineral-rich areas of Jharkhand and Odisha, as well as the cement, steel and limestone industries in the region.", "Chakradharpur __knowledge__ The major languages spoken in this area are Santali, Ho, Odia, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, English, Kurmali, Urdu, Punjabi.", "Chakradharpur __knowledge__ Major inhabitants of the town are railway employees.", "Chakradharpur __knowledge__ It has a large share of area covered with railway establishments, primarily employees' quarters.", "New York Minute (film) __knowledge__ New York Minute is a 2004 American teen comedy film starring Mary-Kate Olsen, Ashley Olsen and Eugene Levy.", "New York Minute (film) __knowledge__ It was directed by Dennie Gordon and released on May 7, 2004.", "New York Minute (film) __knowledge__ In the film Mary-Kate and Ashley play twins with opposing personalities who have a series of misadventures around New York City.", "New York Minute (film) __knowledge__ \"New York Minute\" reunited Mary-Kate and Ashley with their \"Full House\" co-star, Bob Saget.", "New York Minute (film) __knowledge__ It was the Olsen twins' first theatrical film release since 1995's \"It Takes Two\".", "New York Minute (film) __knowledge__ It was also the last film featured by Olsen twins, and the last film released by Dualstar Entertainment before it went into dormancy.", "Harry Fraud __knowledge__ Rory William Quigley (born January 26, 1987), known professionally as Harry Fraud, is an American record producer and composer.", "Harry Fraud __knowledge__ Primarily a hip hop producer, Fraud began producing at an early age and began interning at a recording studio after graduating high school.", "Harry Fraud __knowledge__ First discovered by French Montana during a recording session in Chinatown in early 2009, Fraud has gone on to become a fixture in the New York underground and mixtape scene.", "Harry Fraud __knowledge__ He gained mainstream attention when his song with French Montana \"Shot Caller\" became one of the most added tracks on urban contemporary radio between 2011-2012.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "French Montana __knowledge__ Karim Kharbouch (born November 9, 1984), better known by his stage name French Montana, is a Moroccan-American hip hop recording artist.", "French Montana __knowledge__ Born in Morocco, he immigrated to the United States with his family when he was 13 years old.", "French Montana __knowledge__ He is the founder of Coke Boys Records, and its predecessor Cocaine City Records.", "French Montana __knowledge__ In 2012, he signed a joint-venture recording deal with Bad Boy Records and Maybach Music Group.", "French Montana __knowledge__ Kharbouch made his mixtape debut in 2007.", "French Montana __knowledge__ In 2010, he had his breakthrough with \"Choppa Choppa Down\".", "French Montana __knowledge__ He released his debut studio album \"Excuse My French\" on May 21, 2013.", "French Montana __knowledge__ In July 2017, Montana released his second studio album, \"Jungle Rules\", which peaked at number three on the \"Billboard 200\".", "New York metropolitan area __knowledge__ The New York metropolitan area, also referred to as the Tri-State Area, includes New York City as the most populous city in the United States, Long Island, and the Mid and Lower Hudson Valley in the state of New York; the five largest cities in New Jersey: Newark, Jersey City, Paterson, Elizabeth, and Edison, and their vicinities; six of the seven largest cities in Connecticut: Bridgeport, New Haven, Stamford, Waterbury, Norwalk, and Danbury, and their vicinities; and five counties in northeastern Pennsylvania.", "New York metropolitan area __knowledge__ As per the 2015 United States Census Bureau estimates, the New York metropolitan area remains, by a significant margin, the most populous in the United States, as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area (20.2 million residents) and the Combined Statistical Area (23.7 million residents); it is also one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world, and the single largest in North America.", "New York Minute (song) __knowledge__ \"New York Minute\" is a song written by Don Henley, Danny Kortchmar, and Jai Winding.", "New York Minute (song) __knowledge__ Henley originally recorded it for his 1989 album \"The End of the Innocence\".", "New York Minute (song) __knowledge__ The single was a #5 hit on the U.S.", "New York Minute (song) __knowledge__ Adult Contemporary chart the following year, although it reached only #48 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "New York Minute (song) __knowledge__ The track features Pino Palladino on fretless bass, Toto members David Paich, who played piano and wrote the string arrangement, and Jeff Porcaro on drums.", "New York Minute (song) __knowledge__ It also features Take 6 on background vocals.", "New York Minute (song) __knowledge__ Musicians mentioned in the sleeve notes: Don Henley, Danny Kortschmar, Steve Madaio, David Paich, Pino Palladino, Jeff Porcaro, Take 6, Jai Winding.", "Max Payne 3 __knowledge__ Max Payne 3 is a third-person shooter video game developed by Rockstar Studios and published by Rockstar Games.", "Max Payne 3 __knowledge__ It was released on May 15, 2012 for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360; a Microsoft Windows port was released on May 29, 2012, followed by an OS X port on June 20, 2013.", "Max Payne 3 __knowledge__ The game is the first entry in the \"Max Payne\" series since 2003's \"\", developed by Remedy Entertainment.", "Max Payne 3 __knowledge__ The game is played from a third-person perspective.", "Max Payne 3 __knowledge__ Throughout the single-player mode, players control Max Payne, a former detective who has become a vigilante after the murder of his wife and daughter.", "Max Payne 3 __knowledge__ Nine years after the events of the second game, Max becomes employed as a private security contractor in Brazil, but quickly becomes entangled in a quest filled with death and betrayal.", "In a New York Minute (song) __knowledge__ \"In a New York Minute\" is a song written by Tom Shapiro, Michael Garvin and Chris Waters, and recorded by American country music artist Ronnie McDowell.", "In a New York Minute (song) __knowledge__ It was released in January 1985 as the first single and title track from his album \"In a New York Minute\".", "In a New York Minute (song) __knowledge__ The song reached #5 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart in May 1985 and #1 on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in Canada." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Staten Island __knowledge__ Staten Island is one of the five boroughs of New York City in the U.S. state of New York.", "Staten Island __knowledge__ Located in the southwest portion of the city, Staten Island is the southernmost part of both the city and state of New York, with Conference House Park located at the southern tip of the island.", "Staten Island __knowledge__ The borough is separated from New Jersey by the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull, and from the rest of New York by New York Bay.", "Staten Island __knowledge__ With a 2016 Census-estimated population of 476,015, Staten Island is the least populated of the boroughs but is the third-largest in area at .", "Staten Island __knowledge__ Staten Island is the only borough of New York with a non-Hispanic White majority.", "History of the Staten Island Railway __knowledge__ The Staten Island Railway (SIR), the only rapid transit line in the New York City borough of Staten Island, is operated by the Staten Island Rapid Transit Operating Authority, a unit of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority.", "History of the Staten Island Railway __knowledge__ The railway is considered a standard railroad line, but only the western portion of the North Shore Branch, which is disconnected from the rest of the SIR, is used by freight and is connected to the national railway system.", "History of the Staten Island Railway __knowledge__ Railways on Staten Island began in 1836 and have been used for passenger and freight service.", "History of the Staten Island Railway __knowledge__ At the apex of rail service, passenger lines went to the southern, eastern, and northern shores of Staten Island; many of these lines were demolished in the mid-20th century.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ The Staten Island Ferry is a passenger ferry route operated by the New York City Department of Transportation.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ It runs in New York Harbor between the New York City boroughs of Manhattan and Staten Island.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ The ferry operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, running every 15 to 20 minutes during peak hours and every 30 minutes at other times.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ Since 1997, the Staten Island Ferry has been fare-free, though historically, it has charged a relatively low fare compared to other modes of transit in the area.", "Staten Island Ferry __knowledge__ The Staten Island Ferry is one of several ferry systems in the New York City area, besides NYC Ferry, SeaStreak, New York Water Taxi, and NY Waterway.", "Staten Island Railway __knowledge__ The Staten Island Railway (SIR) is the only rapid transit line in the New York City borough of Staten Island.", "Staten Island Railway __knowledge__ It is operated by the Staten Island Rapid Transit Operating Authority (SIRTOA), a unit of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority.", "Staten Island Railway __knowledge__ The railway is considered a standard railroad line, but only the western portion of the North Shore Branch, which is used by freight, is connected to the national railway system.", "Staten Island Railway __knowledge__ SIR operates 24/7 with modified R44 New York City Subway cars, and is run by the New York City Transit Authority, an agency of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority and operator of the New York City Subway.", "Staten Island Tunnel __knowledge__ The Staten Island Tunnel is an abandoned, incomplete railway/subway tunnel in New York City.", "Staten Island Tunnel __knowledge__ It was intended to connect railways on Staten Island (precursors to the modern-day Staten Island Railway) to the BMT Fourth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway, in Brooklyn, via a new crossing under the Narrows.", "Staten Island Tunnel __knowledge__ Planned to extend , the tunnel would have been among the world's longest at the time of its planning, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.", "Staten Island Tunnel __knowledge__ Construction began in 1923, and the tunnel was excavated into the Narrows before New York City Mayor John Hylan, a former Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation (BMT) employee and initial proponent of the tunnel, canceled the project in 1925.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York is a state in the northeastern United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state in the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state's largest city, New York City, makes up over 40% of the state's population.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York metropolitan area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state and city were both named for the 17th-century Duke of York, future King James II of England.", "Staten Island Greenbelt __knowledge__ The Staten Island Greenbelt is a system of contiguous public parkland and natural areas in the central hills of the New York City borough of Staten Island.", "Staten Island Greenbelt __knowledge__ It is the second largest component of the parks owned by the New York City government and is maintained by the city's Department of Parks and Recreation and the Greenbelt Conservancy, a not-for-profit organization that works in partnership with NYC Parks to care for the Greenbelt and raise funds for its maintenance and programs.", "Staten Island Greenbelt __knowledge__ The administrative headquarters of the Greenbelt and Greenbelt Conservancy are located at the entrance to High Rock Park (one of the many parks within the system) with a street address of 200 Nevada Avenue in the Egbertville neighborhood; in June 2004 a second facility, known as the Greenbelt Nature Center, was opened approximately away, at 700 Rockland Avenue.", "Bus depots of MTA Regional Bus Operations __knowledge__ MTA Regional Bus Operations operates local and express buses serving New York City in the United States out of 29 bus depots.", "Bus depots of MTA Regional Bus Operations __knowledge__ These depots are located in all five boroughs of the city, with one located in nearby Yonkers in Westchester County.", "Bus depots of MTA Regional Bus Operations __knowledge__ 21 of these depots serve MTA New York City Transit (NYCT)'s bus operations, while the remaining eight serve the MTA Bus Company (the successor to private bus operations taken over in the 2000s).", "Bus depots of MTA Regional Bus Operations __knowledge__ These facilities perform regular maintenance, cleaning, and painting of buses, as well as collection of revenue from bus fareboxes.", "Bus depots of MTA Regional Bus Operations __knowledge__ Several of these depots were once car barns for streetcars, while others were built much later and have only served buses.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "Liverpool __knowledge__ Liverpool () is a city in North West England, with an estimated population of 484,578 in 2016 within the City of Liverpool borough.", "Liverpool __knowledge__ With its surrounding areas, it is the fifth-largest metropolitan area in the UK, with over 2.24 million people in 2011.", "Liverpool __knowledge__ The local authority is Liverpool City Council, the most populous local government district within the metropolitan county of Merseyside and the largest within the Liverpool City Region.", "Liverpool __knowledge__ Liverpool is located on the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary, and historically lay within the ancient hundred of West Derby in the south west of the county of Lancashire.", "Colin Cowdrey __knowledge__ Michael Colin Cowdrey, Baron Cowdrey of Tonbridge, (24 December 19324 December 2000) was an English first-class cricketer who played for Oxford University (1952–1954), Kent County Cricket Club (1950–1976) and England (1954–1975).", "Colin Cowdrey __knowledge__ Universally known as Colin Cowdrey, he \"delighted crowds throughout the world with his style and elegance\", and was the first cricketer to play 100 Test matches, celebrating the occasion with 104 against Australia in 1968.", "Colin Cowdrey __knowledge__ In all he played 114 Tests, making 7,624 runs at an average of 44.06, overtaking Wally Hammond as the most prolific Test batsman, and taking 120 catches as a fielder, breaking another Hammond record.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ Field Marshal Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, 1st Baronet, (5 May 1864 – 22 June 1922) was one of the most senior British Army staff officers of the First World War and was briefly an Irish unionist politician.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ Wilson served as Commandant of the Staff College, Camberley, and then as Director of Military Operations at the War Office, in which post he played a vital role in drawing up plans to deploy an Expeditionary Force to France in the event of war.", "Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ During these years Wilson acquired a reputation as a political intriguer for his role in agitating for the introduction of conscription and in the Curragh incident of 1914, when he encouraged senior officers to resign rather than move against the Ulster Volunteers (UVF).", "Lee Gordon (promoter) __knowledge__ Lee Gordon (born Leon Lazar Gevorshner, March 8, 1923– November 7, 1963) was an American entrepreneur and rock and roll promoter who worked extensively in Australia in the late 1950s and early 1960s.", "Lee Gordon (promoter) __knowledge__ Gordon's jazz and rock'n'roll tours had a major impact on the Australian music scene and he also played a significant role in the early career of pioneering Australian rock'n'roll singer Johnny O'Keefe.", "Lee Gordon (promoter) __knowledge__ Many parts of Gordon's life story remain sketchy or obscure, and there is much contradictory information about him.", "Lee Gordon (promoter) __knowledge__ The passing of time makes it increasingly difficult to verify or refute the various versions of his life and career, since many of his former close associates like his Australian colleagues Max Moore and Alan Heffernan are now deceased.", "President Truman's relief of General Douglas MacArthur __knowledge__ On 11 April 1951, U.S. President Harry S. Truman relieved General of the Army Douglas MacArthur of his commands after MacArthur made public statements which contradicted the administration's policies.", "President Truman's relief of General Douglas MacArthur __knowledge__ MacArthur was a popular hero of World War II who was then the commander of United Nations forces fighting in the Korean War, and his relief remains a controversial topic in the field of civil-military relations.", "President Truman's relief of General Douglas MacArthur __knowledge__ MacArthur led the Allied forces in the Southwest Pacific during World War II, and after the war was in charge of the occupation of Japan.", "President Truman's relief of General Douglas MacArthur __knowledge__ When North Korea invaded South Korea in June 1950, starting the Korean War, he was designated commander of the United Nations forces defending South Korea.", "History of Timbuktu __knowledge__ The following is a history of the city of Timbuktu, Mali.", "History of Timbuktu __knowledge__ Starting out as a seasonal settlement, Timbuktu became a permanent settlement early in the 12th century.", "History of Timbuktu __knowledge__ After a shift in trading routes, Timbuktu flourished from the trade in salt, gold, ivory and slaves.", "History of Timbuktu __knowledge__ It became part of the Mali Empire early in the 14th century.", "History of Timbuktu __knowledge__ By this time it had become a major centre of learning in the area.", "History of Timbuktu __knowledge__ In the first half of the 15th century the Tuareg tribes took control of the city for a short period until the expanding Songhai Empire absorbed the city in 1468.", "History of Timbuktu __knowledge__ A Moroccan army defeated the Songhai in 1591, and made Timbuktu, rather than Gao, their capital.", "Sir William Robertson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ Field Marshal Sir William Robert Robertson, 1st Baronet, (29 January 1860 – 12 February 1933) was a British Army officer who served as Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS) – the professional head of the British Army – from 1916 to 1918 during the First World War.", "Sir William Robertson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ As CIGS he was committed to a Western Front strategy focusing on Germany and was against what he saw as peripheral operations on other fronts.", "Sir William Robertson, 1st Baronet __knowledge__ While CIGS, Robertson had increasingly poor relations with David Lloyd George, Secretary of State for War and then Prime Minister, and threatened resignation at Lloyd George's attempt to subordinate the British forces to the French Commander-in-Chief, Robert Nivelle.", "Zenobia __knowledge__ Septimia Zenobia (Palmyrene: (Btzby), pronounced Bat-Zabbai; AD 240–c.274) was a third-century queen of the Syria-based Palmyrene Empire.", "Zenobia __knowledge__ Many legends surround her ancestry; she was born to a noble Palmyrene family and married the ruler of the city, Odaenathus.", "Zenobia __knowledge__ Her husband became king in 260, elevating Palmyra to supreme power in the Near East by defeating the Sassanians and stabilizing the Roman East.", "Zenobia __knowledge__ After Odaenathus' assassination, Zenobia became the regent of her son Vaballathus and held \"de facto\" power throughout his reign.", "Zenobia __knowledge__ In 270, Zenobia launched an invasion which brought most of the Roman East under her sway and culminated with the annexation of Egypt.", "Heinrich Heine __knowledge__ Christian Johann Heinrich Heine (; 13 December 1797 – 17 February 1856) was a German poet, journalist, essayist, and literary critic.", "Heinrich Heine __knowledge__ He is best known outside of Germany for his early lyric poetry, which was set to music in the form of \"Lieder\" (art songs) by composers such as Robert Schumann and Franz Schubert.", "Heinrich Heine __knowledge__ Heine's later verse and prose are distinguished by their satirical wit and irony.", "Heinrich Heine __knowledge__ He is considered part of the Young Germany movement.", "Heinrich Heine __knowledge__ His radical political views led to many of his works being banned by German authorities.", "Heinrich Heine __knowledge__ Heine spent the last 25 years of his life as an expatriate in Paris.", "Parihaka __knowledge__ Parihaka is a small community in the Taranaki region of New Zealand, located between Mount Taranaki and the Tasman Sea.", "Parihaka __knowledge__ In the 1870s and 1880s the settlement, then reputed to be the largest Māori village in New Zealand, became the centre of a major campaign of non-violent resistance to European occupation of confiscated land in the area.", "Parihaka __knowledge__ The village was founded about 1866 by Māori chiefs Te Whiti o Rongomai and Tohu Kākahi on land seized by the government during the post-war land confiscations of the 1860s.", "Parihaka __knowledge__ The population of the village grew to more than 2000, attracting Māori who had been dispossessed of their land by confiscations and impressing European visitors with its cleanliness and industry, and its extensive cultivations producing cash crops as well as food sufficient to feed its inhabitants." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "ImiDushane __knowledge__ The ImiDushane tribe was founded by one of the greatest Xhosa warriors Prince Mdushane who was the eldest son of Prince Ndlambe of the Rharhabe kingdom.", "ImiDushane __knowledge__ The ImiDushane are therefore a subgroup within the Xhosa nation and can be found in the Eastern Cape, South Africa where they have three Traditional Councils in Tamarha near King William's Town, Ncerha near East London and Centane in the Mnquma Local Municipality.", "ImiDushane __knowledge__ Although sometimes referred to as the ImiDushane kaNdlambe, the ImiDushane are a distinct tribe separate from the amaNdlambe, i.e.", "ImiDushane __knowledge__ the tribe of Prince Ndlambe; having been established after Mdushane succeeded his uncle Prince Cebo who had died without male successors, as the heir to the Right Hand House of Rharhabe.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ (Death Metal Symphony in Deep C) is the sixth studio album by Waltari that combines death metal with classical music.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Originally, \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written as a stage show.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After the show's premiere performance in 1995 at the Helsinki Music Festival, it was recorded and finally released in May 1996.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written by Kärtsy Hatakka between 1992 and 1995.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ By the end of 1994, Hatakka got in contact with Riku Niemi, a Finnish conductor, composer and leader of Avanti!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ symphony orchestra.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After Niemi became involved in the project, Hatakka finalized the work and Niemi arranged it for symphony orchestra.", "Globoforce __knowledge__ Globoforce is a multinational company co-headquartered in Southborough, Massachusetts and Dublin, providing cloud-based (software as a service), human capital management (HCM) software solutions.", "Globoforce __knowledge__ Its social recognition solutions are designed for employees to recognize and reward each other as incentive for performance and behaviors that are mapped to company values.", "Globoforce __knowledge__ A private corporation, Globoforce is co-headquartered in Southborough, Massachusetts, and Dublin, Ireland.", "Globoforce __knowledge__ Some of Globoforce's customers include Symantec, Intuit, JetBlue, Cisco and InterContinental Hotels Group.", "Globoforce __knowledge__ Globoforce was co-founded in 1999 by Eric Mosley and Eddie Reynolds in Dublin, Ireland.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ This article contains a list of the Chinatowns, which are either officially designated neighborhoods or historically important in the United States.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ Historically speaking, many of these Chinatowns were formed in the 1800s and have served as ethnic enclaves.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ Chinatowns in the United States have historically been located in the \"big cities\" such as New York City, San Francisco, Boston, Philadelphia, Los Angeles, and Chicago and existed initially as enclaves that ease transition into the American culture.", "Chinatowns in the United States __knowledge__ The earliest Chinatowns tended to be on the west coast while the newer ones are being built in lesser profile cities as opportunities shift.", "Chinatown, Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan's Chinatown (; juytping: Maanhaadeon waabou) is a neighborhood in Lower Manhattan, New York City, bordering the Lower East Side to its east, Little Italy to its north, Civic Center to its south, and Tribeca to its west.", "Chinatown, Manhattan __knowledge__ Chinatown is home to the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere.", "Chinatown, Manhattan __knowledge__ With an estimated population of 90,000 to 100,000 people, Manhattan's Chinatown is also one of the oldest Chinese ethnic enclaves.", "Chinatown, Manhattan __knowledge__ The Manhattan Chinatown is one of nine Chinatown neighborhoods in New York City, as well as one of twelve in the New York metropolitan area, which contains the largest ethnic Chinese population outside of Asia, comprising an estimated 819,527 uniracial individuals as of 2014.", "Tony Hwang __knowledge__ Tony Hwang (; born September 17, 1964) is a residential real estate agent for William Raveis and serves as the state senator for the 28th District (parts of Fairfield, Westport, Weston, Easton, and Newton Sandy Hook CT).", "Tony Hwang __knowledge__ Previously, Hwang served as a state representative for the 134th District in the Connecticut General Assembly.", "Tony Hwang __knowledge__ Hwang became a state representative in 2008 and won re-election in 2010 and 2012.", "Tony Hwang __knowledge__ He is the assistant Senator Republican Majority Leader.", "Tony Hwang __knowledge__ In April 2014, Hwang ran for the 28th State Senate District.", "Tony Hwang __knowledge__ His Democratic opponent was 133rd District State Rep. Kim Fawcett.", "Tony Hwang __knowledge__ Hwang was endorsed by State Senator John McKinney.", "Chinatown, Boston __knowledge__ Chinatown, Boston is a neighborhood located in downtown Boston, Massachusetts.", "Chinatown, Boston __knowledge__ It is the only surviving historic ethnic Chinese enclave in New England since the demise of the Chinatowns in Providence, Rhode Island and Portland, Maine after the 1950s.", "Chinatown, Boston __knowledge__ Because of the high population of Asians and Asian Americans living in this area of Boston, there is an abundance of Chinese and Vietnamese restaurants located in Chinatown.", "Chinatown, Boston __knowledge__ It is one of the most densely populated residential areas in Boston and serves as the largest center of its East Asian and Southeast Asian cultural life.", "Chinatown, Boston __knowledge__ Chinatown borders the Boston Common, Downtown Crossing, the Washington Street Theatre District, Bay Village, the South End, and the Southeast Expressway/Massachusetts Turnpike.", "Flower Drum Song __knowledge__ Flower Drum Song was the eighth musical by the team of Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II.", "Flower Drum Song __knowledge__ It is based on the 1957 novel, \"The Flower Drum Song\", by Chinese-American author C. Y. Lee.", "Flower Drum Song __knowledge__ It premiered on Broadway in 1958 and was then performed in the West End and on tour.", "Flower Drum Song __knowledge__ It was adapted for a 1961 musical film.", "Flower Drum Song __knowledge__ After their extraordinary early successes, beginning with \"Oklahoma!\"", "Flower Drum Song __knowledge__ in 1943, Rodgers and Hammerstein had written two musicals in the 1950s that did not do well and sought a new hit to revive their fortunes.", "Flower Drum Song __knowledge__ Lee's novel focuses on a father, Wang Chi-yang, a wealthy refugee from China, who clings to traditional values in San Francisco's Chinatown.", "Little Fuzhou __knowledge__ Little Fuzhou (), or Fuzhou Town (), is a neighborhood in the Two Bridges and Lower East Side areas of the borough of Manhattan in New York City in the United States.", "Little Fuzhou __knowledge__ In recent decades the neighborhood has become a prime destination for immigrants from Fuzhou, Fujian, China.", "Little Fuzhou __knowledge__ The term is now also being used to describe a similar neighborhood developing rapidly in the adjacent borough of Brooklyn.", "Little Fuzhou __knowledge__ Manhattan's Little Fuzhou is centered on the street of East Broadway, bordering its main Chinatown / Manhattan's Little Hong Kong/Guangdong.", "Little Fuzhou __knowledge__ East Broadway was once a main street of a large Jewish community based in the Lower East Side.", "Chinese in New York City __knowledge__ The New York metropolitan area is home to the largest ethnic Chinese population outside of Asia, constituting the largest metropolitan Asian American group in the United States and the largest Asian-national metropolitan diaspora in the Western Hemisphere.", "Chinese in New York City __knowledge__ The Chinese American population of New York City was an estimated 812,410 as of 2015.", "Chinese in New York City __knowledge__ New York City and the surrounding area, including Long Island and parts of New Jersey, is home to 12 Chinatowns, early U.S. racial ghettos where Chinese immigrants were made to live for economic survival and physical safety that are now known as important sites of tourism and urban economic activity.", "Chinatowns in Brooklyn __knowledge__ The first Brooklyn Chinatown (), was originally established in the Sunset Park area of the New York City borough of Brooklyn.", "Chinatowns in Brooklyn __knowledge__ It is one of the largest and fastest growing ethnic Chinese enclaves outside of Asia, as well as within New York City itself.", "Chinatowns in Brooklyn __knowledge__ As this Chinatown is rapidly evolving into an enclave predominantly of Fuzhou immigrants from Fujian Province in China, it is now increasingly common to refer to it as the Little Fuzhou or Fuzhou Town of the Western Hemisphere.", "Chinatowns in Brooklyn __knowledge__ Brooklyn's Chinese population continues to grow and expand highly rapidly, and the borough has since evolved three larger Chinatowns, between Sunset Park, Bensonhurst, and Avenue U in Sheepshead Bay.", "Flushing, Queens __knowledge__ Flushing is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Queens in the United States.", "Flushing, Queens __knowledge__ While much of the neighborhood is residential, Downtown Flushing, centered on the northern end of Main Street in Queens, is a large commercial and retail area and is the fourth largest central business district in New York City.", "Flushing, Queens __knowledge__ Flushing's diversity is reflected by the numerous ethnic groups that reside there, including people of Asian, Hispanic, Middle Eastern, European, and African American ancestry.", "Flushing, Queens __knowledge__ It is part of New York's Sixth Congressional District, which is located entirely within Queens County.", "Flushing, Queens __knowledge__ Flushing is served by five railroad stations on the Long Island Rail Road Port Washington Branch, as well as the New York City Subway's IRT Flushing Line (), which has its terminus at Main Street.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Since its founding in 1625 by Dutch traders as New Amsterdam, New York City has been a major destination for immigrants of many nationalities who have formed ethnic enclaves, neighborhoods dominated by one ethnicity.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Freed African American slaves also moved to New York City in the Great Migration and the later Second Great Migration and formed ethnic enclaves.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ These neighborhoods are set apart from the main city by differences such as food, goods for sale, or even language.", "New York City ethnic enclaves __knowledge__ Ethnic enclaves provide inhabitants security in work and social opportunities, but limit economic opportunities, do not encourage the development of English speaking, and keep immigrants in their own culture." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Numbertime __knowledge__ Numbertime is a BBC educational numeracy television series for primary schools that was aired on BBC Two from 20 September 1993 to 3 December 2001.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ For its first four series, it was presented by Lolita Chakrabarti.", "Numbertime __knowledge__ El Nombre, an animated character from \"Numbertime\", eventually became the concept for another educational BBC children's television program; his name means \"The Name\" in Spanish, and not \"The Number\", which would be \"El Número\".", "Numbertime __knowledge__ The third line of his opening song and his farewell catchphrase were also changed several times during the series' run, to reflect their focus - however, the original ones (\"Writing numbers in the desert sand\" which was also used for the seventh series, and \"Adios amigos, and keep counting\" which was also used for the fourth, sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth series) remain the most famous.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ Yes Oh (styled as yes Oh) is an Israeli television channel carried by the Israeli satellite television provider - \"yes\", which broadcasts newer American and British TV Shows from HBO, AMC, Showtime, Starz and FX in Midnights.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The channel began airing on January 21, 2012, on channel 14, replacing \"yes Real\" \"yes Oh\" airs all of its schedule in High Definition simulcast on yes Oh HD on channel 14.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ On January 17, 2010, \"yes\" launched the channel Yes Next (styled as yes Next and formerly called \"yes stars Next\"), which broadcast American, British and Israeli TV shows from all genres.", "Yes Oh __knowledge__ The concept of the channel was to air shows approaching to the younger demographics.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Excited and Scared __knowledge__ \"Excited and Scared\" is the 140th episode of the ABC television series, \"Desperate Housewives\".", "Excited and Scared __knowledge__ It is the sixth episode of the show's seventh season and was broadcast on October 31, 2010.", "Excited and Scared __knowledge__ Juanita is at Grace's house.", "Excited and Scared __knowledge__ She notices Gaby's necklace and asks Grace where she got it.", "Excited and Scared __knowledge__ Grace claims that it was a gift from her aunt, but Juanita is unconvinced and secretly takes it.", "Excited and Scared __knowledge__ When Gaby picks her up, Juanita tells her that Grace stole the necklace but she stole it back.", "Excited and Scared __knowledge__ Gaby admits that she gave Grace the jewellery as a present because she feels sorry for her as she is poor.", "Excited and Scared __knowledge__ Later, Grace arrives at the Solis's house to celebrate Halloween.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ Schmidt (worker) is a character in \"Principles of Scientific Management\" by Frederick Winslow Taylor.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ His true identity was Henry Noll.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ In \"Principles\", Taylor described how between 1898–1901 at Bethlehem Steel he had motivated Schmidt to increase his workload from carrying 12 tons of pig iron per day to 47 tons.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ He had done so by promising Schmidt a higher rate of pay for a level of output determined by management.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ Taylor's example of Schmidt is still taught widely in business and management education.", "Schmidt (worker) __knowledge__ Taylor recalled the context in his \"Principles of Scientific Management\", his most famous volume to this day: \"One of the first pieces of work undertaken by us, when the writer started to introduce scientific management into the Bethlehem Steel Company, was to handle pig iron on task work.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "I'll Be There (If You Ever Want Me) __knowledge__ \"I'll Be There (If You Ever Want Me)\"' is a song co-written and originally released as a single by American country artist Ray Price.", "I'll Be There (If You Ever Want Me) __knowledge__ After becoming a major country hit in 1954, the song has been covered by numerous artists such as Cowboy Copas, Elvis Presley, Connie Smith, Johnny Bush, George Jones and Tammy Wynette, Ronnie Milsap, Heather Myles, Martina McBride, Sam Palladio, Don White & Eric Clapton, Willie Nelson, Nick Lowe, Gail Davies and J. J. Cale.", "I'll Be There (If You Ever Want Me) __knowledge__ Ray Price co-wrote \"I'll Be There (If You Ever Want Me)\" with songwriter Rusty Gabbard.", "I'll Be There (If You Ever Want Me) __knowledge__ The song was professionally recorded on December 28, 1953 at the Tulane Hotel's \"Castle Recording Studio\" in Nashville, Tennessee, United States.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ William Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam PC (30 May 1748 – 8 February 1833), styled Viscount Milton until 1756, was a British Whig statesman of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ In 1782 he inherited the estates of his uncle Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, making him one of the richest people in Britain.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ He played a leading part in Whig politics until the 1820s.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ Fitzwilliam was the son of William Fitzwilliam, 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam, by his wife Lady Anne, daughter of Thomas Watson-Wentworth, 1st Marquess of Rockingham.", "William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam __knowledge__ Prime Minister Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham was his maternal uncle.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes Maria Theresa Immaculata McQueen (also Owen, Fisher and Browning) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Jennifer Metcalfe.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ She debuted on-screen during the episode airing on 19 June 2006 as the first character to be introduced to the series by series producer, Bryan Kirkwood.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ In 2008 Metcalfe feared that the character was to be axed but was later reassured by the series producer that she would not be.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Metcalfe later stated her intention to stay with the series.", "Mercedes McQueen __knowledge__ Mercedes is part of the McQueen family and is the longest serving McQueen on the series.", "If You Ever Feel Like Lovin' Me Again __knowledge__ \"'If You Ever Feel Like Lovin' Me Again\" is a song written by Jeff Stevens, Steve Bogard and Jerry Kilgore, and recorded by American country music singer Clay Walker.", "If You Ever Feel Like Lovin' Me Again __knowledge__ It was released in June 2001 as the second and final single from his album \"Say No More\".", "If You Ever Feel Like Lovin' Me Again __knowledge__ It peaked at number 27 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks.", "If You Ever Feel Like Lovin' Me Again __knowledge__ Walker stated \"`If You Ever Feel Like Lovin' Me Again' is a song I can listen to over and over and over again.", "If You Ever Feel Like Lovin' Me Again __knowledge__ It has a cool charm to it.\"", "If You Ever Feel Like Lovin' Me Again __knowledge__ Walker also said, \"It seems real simple and laidback, but the melody is just so infectious.", "If You Ever Feel Like Lovin' Me Again __knowledge__ People who hear it-whether they like traditional country or pop country-can't seem to get it out of their heads.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ \"Forever Evil\" is a 2013–2014 crossover comic book storyline published by DC Comics that began in September 2013 and ended in May 2014, consisting of an eponymous, central miniseries written by Geoff Johns and art by David Finch.", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ It is the first line wide crossover since The New 52 reboot of the DC Universe, and focuses on all the villains of the DC Universe.", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ The miniseries spins out of the events in \"Trinity War\".", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ Johns revealed in August 2013, that the Crime Syndicate, an evil version of the Justice League from Earth-3 in the Multiverse, are the true villains of the event and not the previously thought Secret Society.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American funk rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ The group's musical style primarily consists of rock with an emphasis on funk, as well as elements from other genres such as punk rock and psychedelic rock.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ When played live, their music incorporates elements of jam band due to the improvised nature of many of their performances.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Currently, the band consists of founding members vocalist/rhythm guitarist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea, longtime drummer Chad Smith, and former touring guitarist Josh Klinghoffer.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time with over 80 million records sold worldwide, have been nominated for sixteen Grammy Awards, of which they have won six, and are the most successful band in alternative rock radio history, currently holding the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\"." ] ]

[ 5, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "I've been to New York before. It's super fast - I believe its called a New York Minute", "Have you ever visited any other cities? ", "I've been just to New York. I was able to see Chinatown and view a Broadway play. Super touristy. ", "With the city being so dense, do you ever feel........crowded? Do you ever want to get away to the country? ", "What are some activities you like to do in the city?" ]

[ "New York City", "New York City", "New York City", "New York City", "New York City" ]

[ "American Civil War reenactment", "Where are they done in the US?", "Oh that's cool, when did reenactments start happening?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ American Civil War reenactment is an effort to recreate the appearance of a particular battle or other event associated with the American Civil War by hobbyists known (in the United States) as Civil War reenactors, or living historians.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Although most common in the United States, there are also American Civil War reenactors in Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Italy, Denmark, Sweden, and Poland.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Reenacting the American Civil War began even before the real fighting had ended.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Civil War veterans recreated battles as a way to remember their fallen comrades and to teach others what the war was all about.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ The Great Reunion of 1913, celebrating the 50th anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg, was attended by more than 50,000 Union and Confederate veterans, and included reenactments of elements of the battle, including Pickett's Charge.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Modern reenacting is thought to have begun during the 1961–1965 Civil War Centennial commemorations.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Reenacting grew in popularity during the 1980s and 1990s, due in large part to the success of the 125th Anniversary reenactment near the original Manassas battlefield, which was attended by more than 6,000 reenactors.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ That year, \"Time\" magazine estimated there were more than 50,000 reenactors in the U.S." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ American Civil War reenactment is an effort to recreate the appearance of a particular battle or other event associated with the American Civil War by hobbyists known (in the United States) as Civil War reenactors, or living historians.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Although most common in the United States, there are also American Civil War reenactors in Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Italy, Denmark, Sweden, and Poland.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Reenacting the American Civil War began even before the real fighting had ended.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Civil War veterans recreated battles as a way to remember their fallen comrades and to teach others what the war was all about.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ The Great Reunion of 1913, celebrating the 50th anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg, was attended by more than 50,000 Union and Confederate veterans, and included reenactments of elements of the battle, including Pickett's Charge.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Modern reenacting is thought to have begun during the 1961–1965 Civil War Centennial commemorations.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Reenacting grew in popularity during the 1980s and 1990s, due in large part to the success of the 125th Anniversary reenactment near the original Manassas battlefield, which was attended by more than 6,000 reenactors.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ That year, \"Time\" magazine estimated there were more than 50,000 reenactors in the U.S.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Specimens of Middle Cornish texts are given here in Cornish and English.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Both texts have been dated within the period 1370-1410 and the \"Charter Fragment\" is given in two Cornish orthographies.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ (Earlier examples of written Cornish exist but these are the first in continuous prose or verse.)", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ It was not until the reign of Athelstan that the Cornish kings became subject to the rulers of Wessex: even so the border was established irrevocably on the east bank on the Tamar and in ecclesiastical matters Cornwall was added to the territory of the Bishops of Sherborne.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Under Canute it ceased to be subject to the King of England and only later, at an unknown date in Edward the Confessor's reign was annexed again.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ Timothy Mosley is a producer better known as Timbaland.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ This discography lists the recorded performances, writing and production credits as Timothy Mosley, as Timothy Zachery Mosley, as Timbaland or DJ Timmy Tim.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ Song names that are bold are singles, album names/releases are in italics.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ DJ Timmy Tim - \"DJ Timmy Tim's Studio Session (Unreleased)\" (All Tracks Produced By DJ Timmy Tim aka Timbaland) S.B.I.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) - \"S.B.I.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Reboc - \"9 In The Morning (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sugah - \"Baby I Know (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Timbaland - \"Do You Wanna (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Makes You Say (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Da Boogie Man - \"Da Boogie Man (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Jodeci - \"Diary Of A Mad Band (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, December 21)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) Missy Elliott - \"Red Lights (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Mr. Dalvin - \"Set It Off (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sista - \"4 All The Sistas Around Da World (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) Static - \"S-T-A-T-I-C (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sugah - \"Goin' Down (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Smokin' In The Dark (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Sugah Sensation (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Sugah Thang (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Sugar & Spice (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Timbaland & Magoo - \"Ain't Nothin' But A B-Party (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Another Level (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"In The 90s (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Plenty Of Styles (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Timbaland - \"Da Funk (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Get Down (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Peepin' My Style (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"We Can Do This (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Virginia Williams - \"Get Down (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Let Me In Your Life (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Slow Drag (Studio Session)\" B-Rezell - \"Above The Rim OST (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, March 22)\" Jodeci - \"What About Us (VLS) (US R&B/Hip Hop #14, August 2)\" Sista - \"4 All The Sistas Around Da World (US R&B/Hip Hop #84, September 24)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) \"Brand New (CDS) (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, August 4)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) Usher - \"Usher (US R&B/Hip Hop #25, August 30)\" (Produced With DeVante Swing) Jodeci - The Show, The After Party, The Hotel (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, July 18) Mr. Dalvin - \"Dangerous Minds OST (US Top 200 #1, August 10)\" Playa - \"Ride Around (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sista - \"Dangerous Minds OST (US Top 200 #1, August 10)\" (Produced With DeVante Swing) 702 - \"Steelo Remixes\" Aaliyah – \"One In A Million (US R&B/Hip Hop #2, August 27)\" \"If Your Girl Only Knew (CDS) (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, August 13)\" \"One In A Million (CDM) (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, December 10)\" Babyface - \"This Is For The Lover In You (The Remix CD) (US R&B/Hip Hop #2, October 5)\" DeVante - \"Gin & Juice (VLS) (January 23)\" Ginuwine - \"Ginuwine...", "Special Relationship __knowledge__ The Special Relationship is an unofficial term for the political, diplomatic, cultural, economic, military, and historical relations between the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Special Relationship __knowledge__ It was used in a 1946 speech by Winston Churchill.", "Special Relationship __knowledge__ The two nations have been close allies in many conflicts in the 20th and 21st centuries, including World Wars I and II, the Korean War, the Cold War, the Gulf War, and the War on Terror.", "Special Relationship __knowledge__ Although the UK and US have close relationships with many other nations, the level of cooperation between them in economic activity, trade and commerce, military planning, execution of military operations, nuclear weapons technology, and intelligence sharing has been described as \"unparalleled\" among major powers.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement is a defence procurement project of the Canadian government to purchase Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), a process started in 1997.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ The F-35 procurement has been a source of considerable controversy in public policy circles in Canada since the federal government announced its intention to purchase the aircraft in 2010.", "Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement __knowledge__ In April 2012, with the release of a highly critical Auditor General of Canada report on the failures of the government's F-35 program, the procurement was labelled a national \"scandal\" and \"fiasco\" by the media.", "Classical conditioning __knowledge__ Classical conditioning (also known as Pavlovian or respondent conditioning) refers to learning procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus (e.g.", "Classical conditioning __knowledge__ food) is paired with a previously neutral stimulus (e.g.", "Classical conditioning __knowledge__ a bell).", "Classical conditioning __knowledge__ It also refers to the learning process that results from this pairing, through which the neutral stimulus comes to elicit a response (e.g.", "Classical conditioning __knowledge__ salivation) that is usually similar to the one elicited by the potent stimulus.", "Classical conditioning __knowledge__ These basic facts, which require many qualifications (see below), were first studied in detail by Ivan Pavlov through experiments with dogs.", "Classical conditioning __knowledge__ Together with operant conditioning, classical conditioning became the foundation of behaviorism, a school of psychology which was dominant in the mid-20th century and is still an important influence on the practice of psychological therapy and the study of animal behavior.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (; 22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970) was a French general and statesman.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was the leader of Free France (1940–1944) and the head of the Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944–1946).", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ In 1958, he founded the Fifth Republic and was elected as the President of France, a position he held until his resignation in 1969.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was the dominant figure of France during the Cold War era and his memory continues to influence French politics.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ Born in Lille, he graduated from Saint-Cyr in 1912.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was a decorated officer of the First World War, wounded several times, and later taken prisoner at Verdun.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ The BBC Television Shakespeare is a series of British television adaptations of the plays of William Shakespeare, created by Cedric Messina and broadcast by BBC Television.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Transmitted in the UK from 3 December 1978 to 27 April 1985, the series spanned seven seasons and thirty-seven episodes.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Development began in 1975 when Messina saw that the grounds of Glamis Castle would make a perfect location for an adaptation of Shakespeare's \"As You Like It\" for the \"Play of the Month\" series.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Upon returning to London, however, he had come to envision an entire series devoted exclusively to the dramatic works of Shakespeare.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ The history of Poles in the United States dates to the American Colonial era.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Poles have lived in present-day United States territories for over 400 years—since 1608.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ There are 10 million Americans of Polish descent in the U.S. today, making it the largest diaspora of Poles in the world.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Polish Americans have always been the largest group of Slavic origin in the United States.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Historians divide Polish American immigration into three \"waves\", the largest from 1870 to 1914, a second after World War II, and a third after Poland's independence in 1989.", "History of the Poles in the United States __knowledge__ Most Polish Americans are descended from the first wave, when millions of Poles fled Polish districts of Germany, Russia, and Austria.", "Commemoration of the American Civil War __knowledge__ The commemoration of the American Civil War is based on the memories of the Civil War that Americans have shaped according to their political, social and cultural circumstances and needs, starting with the Gettysburg Address and the dedication of the Gettysburg cemetery in 1863.", "Commemoration of the American Civil War __knowledge__ Confederates, both veterans and women, were especially active in forging the myth of the Lost Cause of the Confederacy.", "Commemoration of the American Civil War __knowledge__ Most of the war dead are buried at Arlington National Cemetery and other national cemeteries near the battle zones.", "Commemoration of the American Civil War __knowledge__ Memorial Day (or \"Decoration Day\") originated shortly after the American Civil War to commemorate the Union and Confederate soldiers who died in the Civil War.", "ABBA __knowledge__ ABBA () were a Swedish pop group, formed in Stockholm in 1972 by Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson, and Anni-Frid Lyngstad: the group name derives from the first letter in each of their names.", "ABBA __knowledge__ They became one of the most commercially successful acts in the history of popular music, topping the charts worldwide from 1974 to 1982.", "ABBA __knowledge__ ABBA won the Eurovision Song Contest 1974 at The Dome in Brighton, UK, giving Sweden its first triumph in the contest.", "ABBA __knowledge__ They are the most successful group to have taken part in the competition.", "ABBA __knowledge__ ABBA are estimated to have sold 340 to over 500 million records, making them one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The Blockade of Germany (1939–1945), also known as the Economic War, was carried out during World War II by the United Kingdom and France in order to restrict the supplies of minerals, metals, food and textiles needed by Nazi Germany - and later Fascist Italy - in order to sustain their war efforts.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The economic war consisted mainly of a naval blockade which formed part of the wider Battle of the Atlantic, and included the preclusive buying of war materials from neutral countries to prevent their sale to the enemy.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ There were four distinct phases of the blockade.", "Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) __knowledge__ The first period was from the beginning of European hostilities in September 1939 to the end of the \"Phoney War,\" during which the Allies and Axis Powers both intercepted neutral merchant ships to seize deliveries en route to the enemy.", "M.I.A. (rapper) __knowledge__ Mathangi \"Maya\" Arulpragasam (born 18 July 1975), better known by her stage name M.I.A.", "M.I.A. (rapper) __knowledge__ (pronounced as distinct initials), is a British rapper, singer-songwriter, record producer, and activist.", "M.I.A. (rapper) __knowledge__ She is of Sri Lankan Tamil origin.", "M.I.A. (rapper) __knowledge__ \"M.I.A.\"", "M.I.A. (rapper) __knowledge__ is a play on her own name and a reference to the abbreviation of Missing in Action.", "M.I.A. (rapper) __knowledge__ Her compositions combine elements of alternative, dance, electronic, hip hop and world music.", "M.I.A. (rapper) __knowledge__ M.I.A.", "M.I.A. (rapper) __knowledge__ began her career in 2000 as a visual artist, filmmaker and designer in west London before beginning her recording career in 2002.", "M.I.A. (rapper) __knowledge__ Since rising to prominence in early 2004 for her singles \"Sunshowers\" and \"Galang\", charting in Canada and the UK and reaching number 11 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Dance Singles Sales in the US, she has been nominated for an Academy Award, three Grammy Awards and the Mercury Prize.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden ( ; ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It borders Norway to the west and north and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.", "Sweden __knowledge__ At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden has a total population of 10 million of which 2.3 million has a foreign background.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It has a low population density of ; the highest concentration is in the southern half of the country.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats (Swedish Götar) and Swedes (Svear) and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ American Civil War reenactment is an effort to recreate the appearance of a particular battle or other event associated with the American Civil War by hobbyists known (in the United States) as Civil War reenactors, or living historians.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Although most common in the United States, there are also American Civil War reenactors in Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Italy, Denmark, Sweden, and Poland.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Reenacting the American Civil War began even before the real fighting had ended.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Civil War veterans recreated battles as a way to remember their fallen comrades and to teach others what the war was all about.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ The Great Reunion of 1913, celebrating the 50th anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg, was attended by more than 50,000 Union and Confederate veterans, and included reenactments of elements of the battle, including Pickett's Charge.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Modern reenacting is thought to have begun during the 1961–1965 Civil War Centennial commemorations.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ Reenacting grew in popularity during the 1980s and 1990s, due in large part to the success of the 125th Anniversary reenactment near the original Manassas battlefield, which was attended by more than 6,000 reenactors.", "American Civil War reenactment __knowledge__ That year, \"Time\" magazine estimated there were more than 50,000 reenactors in the U.S.", "Commemoration of the American Civil War __knowledge__ The commemoration of the American Civil War is based on the memories of the Civil War that Americans have shaped according to their political, social and cultural circumstances and needs, starting with the Gettysburg Address and the dedication of the Gettysburg cemetery in 1863.", "Commemoration of the American Civil War __knowledge__ Confederates, both veterans and women, were especially active in forging the myth of the Lost Cause of the Confederacy.", "Commemoration of the American Civil War __knowledge__ Most of the war dead are buried at Arlington National Cemetery and other national cemeteries near the battle zones.", "Commemoration of the American Civil War __knowledge__ Memorial Day (or \"Decoration Day\") originated shortly after the American Civil War to commemorate the Union and Confederate soldiers who died in the Civil War.", "Historical reenactment __knowledge__ Historical reenactment (or re-enactment) is an educational or entertainment activity in which people follow a plan to recreate aspects of a historical event or period.", "Historical reenactment __knowledge__ This may be as narrow as a specific moment from a battle, such as the reenactment of Pickett's Charge presented during the Great Reunion of 1913, or as broad as an entire period, such as Regency reenactment or The 1920s Berlin Project.", "Historical reenactment __knowledge__ Activities related to \"reenactment\" have a long history.", "Historical reenactment __knowledge__ The Romans staged recreations of famous battles within their amphitheaters as a form of public spectacle.", "Historical reenactment __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, tournaments often reenacted historical themes from Ancient Rome or elsewhere.", "Iztapalapa __knowledge__ Iztapalapa () is one of the Federal District of Mexico City’s 16 boroughs, located on the east side of the entity.", "Iztapalapa __knowledge__ The borough is named after and centered on the formerly independent municipality of Iztapalapa, which is officially called Iztapalapa de Cuitláhuac for disambiguation purposes.", "Iztapalapa __knowledge__ The rest is made up of a number of other communities which are governed by the city of Iztapalapa.", "Iztapalapa __knowledge__ With a population of 1.8 million as of 2010, Iztapalapa is the most populous borough of Mexico City, and it is also the most populous municipality in the country.", "Iztapalapa __knowledge__ Over 90% of its territory is urbanized.", "Iztapalapa __knowledge__ The borough transitioned from a rural area with some farms and canals as late as the 1970s, to an area with the only green areas in parks and almost all of its people employed in commerce, services and industry.", "Still Life (Opeth album) __knowledge__ Still Life is the fourth studio album by Swedish heavy metal band Opeth.", "Still Life (Opeth album) __knowledge__ The album was produced and engineered by Opeth alongside Fredrik Nordström, and released on 18 October 1999 through Peaceville Records.", "Still Life (Opeth album) __knowledge__ It was the first Opeth album to be released through Peaceville, following their departure from Candlelight and Century Black after the release of \"My Arms, Your Hearse\", and the first album to feature Martin Mendez.", "Still Life (Opeth album) __knowledge__ Eduardo Rivadavia of Allmusic called \"Still Life\" a \"formidable splicing of harsh, often jagged guitar riffs with graceful melodies\".", "Still Life (Opeth album) __knowledge__ Like its predecessor, \"My Arms, Your Hearse\", \"Still Life\" is a concept album.", "Scott Nicholson __knowledge__ Scott Nicholson is an American author specializing in horror or thrillers, often set in rural Appalachia.", "Scott Nicholson __knowledge__ His debut, \"The Red Church\", was a finalist for the Bram Stoker Award.", "Scott Nicholson __knowledge__ The anthology \"Thank you for the Flowers\" was a collection of 13 short stories in which Nicholson merges \"the macabre with science fiction and fantasy tales loaded with everything from biting satire to fluffy sentamentalism.\"", "Scott Nicholson __knowledge__ In a review in \"The Dispatch\", some of Nicholson's work constituted \"a seeming glorification of metaphor\".", "Scott Nicholson __knowledge__ This collection featured the award-winning short story \"Vampire Shortstop\".", "Scott Nicholson __knowledge__ Nicholson wrote stories that were included in Eden Studios's zombie anthologies edited by James Lowder.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the BBC fantasy drama television series \"Merlin\", including supporting characters.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ \"Note: All characters are listed in alphabetical order by their first name.\"", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ Aglain (portrayed by Colin Salmon) was a Druid man who lived in the Forest of Acestir.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ In the second-season episode, \"The Nightmare Begins\", he, with the assistance of Mordred, rescued Morgana from a group of serkets, and later healed the injury she sustained from one of the creatures.", "List of Merlin characters __knowledge__ While she resided with him and his fellow Druids, Aglain encouraged Morgana not to fear herself and her emerging abilities, telling her that magic was not evil and not something Uther should hate.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "First Battle of Bull Run __knowledge__ The First Battle of Bull Run (the name used by Union forces), also known as the First Battle of Manassas (the name used by Confederate forces), was fought on July 21, 1861 in Prince William County, Virginia, just north of the city of Manassas and about 25 miles west-southwest of Washington, D.C.", "First Battle of Bull Run __knowledge__ It was the first major battle of the American Civil War.", "First Battle of Bull Run __knowledge__ The Union's forces were slow in positioning themselves, allowing Confederate reinforcements time to arrive by rail.", "First Battle of Bull Run __knowledge__ Each side had about 18,000 poorly trained and poorly led troops in their first battle.", "First Battle of Bull Run __knowledge__ It was a Confederate victory, followed by a disorganized retreat of the Union forces.", "Second Battle of Bull Run __knowledge__ The Second Battle of Bull Run or Battle of Second Manassas was fought August 28–30, 1862 in Prince William County, Virginia, as part of the American Civil War.", "Second Battle of Bull Run __knowledge__ It was the culmination of the Northern Virginia Campaign waged by Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia against Union Maj. Gen. John Pope's Army of Virginia, and a battle of much larger scale and numbers than the First Battle of Bull Run (or \"First Manassas\") fought on July 21, 1861 on the same ground.", "Second Battle of Bull Run __knowledge__ Following a wide-ranging flanking march, Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas J.", "Second Battle of Bull Run __knowledge__ \"Stonewall\" Jackson captured the Union supply depot at Manassas Junction, threatening Pope's line of communications with Washington, D.C.", "Manassas, Virginia __knowledge__ Manassas (formerly Manassas Junction) is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia.", "Manassas, Virginia __knowledge__ As of the 2010 Census, the population was 37,821.", "Manassas, Virginia __knowledge__ The city borders Prince William County, the independent city of Manassas Park, and Fairfax County.", "Manassas, Virginia __knowledge__ The Bureau of Economic Analysis includes both Manassas and Manassas Park with Prince William County for statistical purposes.", "Manassas, Virginia __knowledge__ Manassas also serves as the seat of Prince William County.", "Manassas, Virginia __knowledge__ It surrounds the county courthouse, but that county property is not part of the city.", "Manassas, Virginia __knowledge__ The City of Manassas has several important historic sites from the period 1850–1870.", "Manassas, Virginia __knowledge__ The City of Manassas is part of the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area and it is situated in the Northern Virginia region.", "Kathleen Seefeldt __knowledge__ Kathleen Kenna Seefeldt is an American politician who served as Chairman of the Prince William Board of County Supervisors from 1992 to 1999.", "Kathleen Seefeldt __knowledge__ She is a Democrat.", "Kathleen Seefeldt __knowledge__ Born in Minnesota, Mrs. Seefeldt earned her undergraduate degree from St. Scholastica College (1956) and did graduate work at Boston University.", "Kathleen Seefeldt __knowledge__ With Robert A. Seefeldt, her husband, she moved to Prince William County in 1970.", "Kathleen Seefeldt __knowledge__ They reside in Woodbridge and Chincoteague, Virginia.", "Kathleen Seefeldt __knowledge__ She is a mother and grandmother who gives stain removal advice and reads for pleasure.", "Kathleen Seefeldt __knowledge__ Kathleen Seefeldt was first elected to the Prince William Board of County Supervisors in 1975, and served as the Occoquan District Supervisor from 1976 to 1991.", "Northern Virginia Campaign __knowledge__ The Northern Virginia Campaign, also known as the Second Bull Run Campaign or Second Manassas Campaign, was a series of battles fought in Virginia during August and September 1862 in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War.", "Northern Virginia Campaign __knowledge__ Confederate General Robert E. Lee followed up his successes of the Seven Days Battles in the Peninsula Campaign by moving north toward Washington, D.C., and defeating Maj. Gen. John Pope and his Army of Virginia.", "Northern Virginia Campaign __knowledge__ Concerned that Pope's army would combine forces with Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac and overwhelm him, Lee sent Maj. Gen. Thomas J.", "Northern Virginia Campaign __knowledge__ \"Stonewall\" Jackson north to intercept Pope's advance toward Gordonsville.", "Court-martial of Fitz John Porter __knowledge__ The court-martial of Fitz John Porter (November 25, 1862January 22, 1863) was a major event of the American Civil War.", "Court-martial of Fitz John Porter __knowledge__ Major General Fitz John Porter was found guilty of disobeying a lawful order, and misconduct in front of the enemy and removed from command based on internal political machinations of the Union.", "Court-martial of Fitz John Porter __knowledge__ The court-martial was later found to be unjust and overturned, and Porter was reinstated in the United States Army.", "Court-martial of Fitz John Porter __knowledge__ Porter was a career army officer from a family of famous naval officers, including his cousin, David Farragut, the first United States admiral.", "Court-martial of Fitz John Porter __knowledge__ He graduated from West Point in 1845, eighth in his class, and served with great distinction as an artillery officer in the Mexican War.", "Richard S. Ewell __knowledge__ Richard Stoddert Ewell (February 8, 1817 – January 25, 1872) was a career United States Army officer and a Confederate general during the American Civil War.", "Richard S. Ewell __knowledge__ He achieved fame as a senior commander under Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Lee and fought effectively through much of the war, but his legacy has been clouded by controversies over his actions at the Battle of Gettysburg and at the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House.", "Richard S. Ewell __knowledge__ Ewell was born in Georgetown, District of Columbia.", "Richard S. Ewell __knowledge__ He was raised in Prince William County, Virginia, from the age of 3, at an estate near Manassas known as \"Stony Lonesome.\"" ] ]

[ 2, 7, 6 ]

[ "whats weird about american civil war reanctments is they are also done in canada , uk , australia , sweden and even poland ", "the original reanactment is done near manassas battlefield", "it is believed it began back in 1961 to 1965 civil war centennial commemorations " ]

[ "American Civil War reenactment", "American Civil War reenactment", "American Civil War reenactment" ]

[ "Hiking", "I do like being outdoors but what does hiking entail? ", "Sounds like a dram except for the challenging part. Do you need special equipment? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Woodswomen, Inc. __knowledge__ Woodswomen, Inc. was a nonprofit organization focusing on education and adventure travel run by women, for women out of Minneapolis, Minnesota, from 1977 to 1999.", "Woodswomen, Inc. __knowledge__ Woodswomen, referred to as the 'grandmother' of women's outdoor adventure groups, was one of the first adventure travel companies serving exclusively women and served more than 8,000 women 1,200 children in its tenure.", "Woodswomen, Inc. __knowledge__ The name 'Woodswomen' was first used in 1977 when Judith Niemi, Elizabeth Barnard, Shirley Heyer, and Trudy Fulton organized a Boundary Waters Canoe Area trip for women.", "Woodswomen, Inc. __knowledge__ Though three women—Judith Niemi, Denise Mitten and Elizabeth Barnard—are generally credited with the initial organization, they maintain that it was founded organically.", "On Naval Timber and Arboriculture __knowledge__ \"On Naval Timber and Arboriculture:With Critical Notes on Authors who Have Recently Treated the Subject of Planting\" is a book by Patrick Matthew published in 1831.", "On Naval Timber and Arboriculture __knowledge__ It is noted for parts of it appendices in which Matthew discusses natural selection, 28 years prior to Charles Darwin's publication of On the Origin of Species.", "On Naval Timber and Arboriculture __knowledge__ The book On Naval Timber and Arboriculture; with critical notes on authors who have recently treated the subject of planting by Patrick Matthew (1831) is not one long argument, but a jumble of issues.", "On Naval Timber and Arboriculture __knowledge__ The book is divided into an Introduction followed by four different Parts and an Appendix consisting of Notes A to F that have been too long to be included as footnotes in the main text.", "Taltarum's Case __knowledge__ Taltarum's Case is the name given to a 15th-century English legal case in the Court of Common Pleas that was generally thought to have established the operation of the common recovery.", "Taltarum's Case __knowledge__ The latter was a collusive legal procedure designed to evade the statute \"De donis conditionalibus\", and was for centuries an important element of English law of real property.", "Taltarum's Case __knowledge__ The recovery operated to break an entail on freehold or copyhold property held in fee tail - which could not be freely sold or transferred - leaving it in fee simple, so that it could be freely sold or a new settlement arranged.", "Taltarum's Case __knowledge__ Although recoveries had been used before the case to bar entails, the judges' extensive discussion of the principles involved meant that in succeeding centuries the common recovery's procedures, and even the names of some of the fictitious individuals involved in them, were modelled on the case.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ The tendency of the rate of profit to fall (TRPF) is a hypothesis in economics and political economy, most famously expounded by Karl Marx in chapter 13 of \"Capital, Volume III\".", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ Although not accepted in 20th century mainstream economics, the existence of such a tendency was widely noted throughout the 19th century.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ Economists as diverse as Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, David Ricardo and Stanley Jevons referred explicitly to the TRPF as an empirical phenomenon that needed to be explained.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ They differed in the reasons they gave for why the TRPF might necessarily occur.", "Tendency of the rate of profit to fall __knowledge__ In his 1857 \"Grundrisse\" manuscript, Karl Marx called the tendency of the rate of profit to fall \"the most important law of political economy\" and sought to give a causal explanation for it, in terms of his theory of capital accumulation.", "Roméo LeBlanc __knowledge__ Roméo-Adrien LeBlanc (December 18, 1927June 24, 2009) was a Canadian journalist, politician, and statesman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 25th since Canadian Confederation.", "Roméo LeBlanc __knowledge__ LeBlanc was born and educated in New Brunswick, and also studied in France prior to becoming a teacher and then a reporter for Radio-Canada.", "Roméo LeBlanc __knowledge__ He was subsequently elected to the House of Commons in 1972, whereafter he served as a minister of the Crown until 1984, when he was moved to the Senate and became that chamber's Speaker.", "Roméo LeBlanc __knowledge__ In 1994, he was appointed as governor general by Queen Elizabeth II, on the recommendation of Prime Minister of Canada Jean Chrétien, to replace Ramon John Hnatyshyn as viceroy, and he occupied the post until succeeded by Adrienne Clarkson in 1999, citing his health as the reason for his stepping down.", "Demographics of Saint Petersburg __knowledge__ Saint Petersburg is the second largest city in Russia, after Moscow.", "Demographics of Saint Petersburg __knowledge__ 2002 census recorded population of the federal subject 4,661,219, or 3.21% of the total population of Russia.", "Demographics of Saint Petersburg __knowledge__ The city with its vicinity has an estimated population of about 6 million people.", "Demographics of Saint Petersburg __knowledge__ The 2002 census recorded twenty-two ethnic groups of more than two thousand persons each.", "Demographics of Saint Petersburg __knowledge__ The ethnic composition was: Russian 84.72%; Ukrainian 1.87%; Belarusians 1.17%; Jewish 0.78%; Tatar 0.76%; Armenian 0.41%; Azeri 0.36%; Georgian 0.22%; Chuvash 0.13%; Polish 0.10%; Finnish 0.08%; Korean 0.08%; German 0.08%; Moldovan 0.07%; Mordovian 0.07%; Uzbek 0.06%; Kazakh 0.06%; Ossetian 0.06%; Bashkir 0.05%; Tajik 0.05%; Estonian 0.05%; Karelian 0.05%; Lithuanian 0.6%, and many other ethnic groups of less than two thousand persons each.", "Trail __knowledge__ A trail is usually a path, track or unpaved lane or road.", "Trail __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland path or footpath is the preferred term for a walking trail.", "Trail __knowledge__ The term is also applied, in North America, to routes along rivers, and sometimes to highways.", "Trail __knowledge__ In the US, the term was historically used for a route into or through wild territory used by emigrants (e.g.", "Trail __knowledge__ the Oregon Trail).", "Trail __knowledge__ Some trails are single use and can only be used for walking, cycling, horse riding, snowshoeing, and cross-country skiing; others, as in the case of a bridleway in the UK, are multi-use, and can be used by walkers, cyclists and equestrians.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ The Blue-Blazed Hiking Trail system, managed by the Connecticut Forest & Park Association (CFPA), and the related trail systems documented in the two volume (\"East\" and \"West\") 19th Edition of the \"Connecticut Walk Book\" comprise over 800 miles of hiking trails in Connecticut.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ There are now over 825 miles of CFPA Blue-Blazed Hiking Trails that pass through 96 towns traversing both public and private lands.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ This includes all official main and side trails.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ The main line trails are marked using the solid light blue rectangular vertical paint blaze.", "Blue-Blazed Trails __knowledge__ A recent change in blaze design to official CFPA connector, side and alternate trails is now in use.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ Mount Adams, known by some Native American tribes as Pahto or Klickitat, is a potentially active stratovolcano in the Cascade Range.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ Although Adams has not erupted in more than 1,000 years, it is not considered extinct.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ It is the second-highest mountain in the U.S. state of Washington, after Mount Rainier.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ Adams is a member of the Cascade Volcanic Arc, and is one of the arc's largest volcanoes, located in a remote wilderness approximately east of Mount St. Helens.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ The Mount Adams Wilderness consists of the upper and western part of the volcano's cone.", "Mount Adams (Washington) __knowledge__ The eastern side of the mountain is designated as part of the territory of the Yakama Nation.", "Three Rivers Park District __knowledge__ Three Rivers Park District is a special park district serving the suburban areas of the Twin Cities including suburban Hennepin, Carver, Dakota, Scott and Ramsey counties.", "Three Rivers Park District __knowledge__ Three Rivers's mission is \"To promote environmental stewardship through recreation and education in a natural resources-based park system.\"", "Three Rivers Park District __knowledge__ Three Rivers operates twenty parks and ten regional trails, with at least two more regional trails planned.", "Three Rivers Park District __knowledge__ Nearly seven million people visit Three Rivers facilities each year.", "Three Rivers Park District __knowledge__ A park system in Hennepin County outside of Minneapolis was proposed as early as 1901, but it was not until 1955 that the Minnesota Legislature passed the legislation that cleared the way to establish the park system in 1957.", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ Summit Metro Parks is a Metroparks system serving the citizens of Summit County, Ohio by managing in 16 developed parks, six conservation areas and more than of trails, with of the Ohio & Erie Canal Towpath Trail.", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ The park district is fully supported by a levy, which voters are periodically asked to approve.", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ Rangers are commissioned peace officers who provide safety and security by enforcing the park district’s rules, regulations, state, and local laws.", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ In times of war, people often look for ways to escape the news and demands of the era.", "Summit Metro Parks __knowledge__ During World War I, Americans increasingly looked to parks and natural areas for temporary diversions.", "Hiking in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park __knowledge__ The Great Smoky Mountains National Park is a United States National Park located in a region of the Appalachian Mountains referred to as the Great Smoky Mountains, in a portion of east-central Tennessee and southwest North Carolina.", "Hiking in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park __knowledge__ With over 150 hiking trails extending for more than , within its boundaries, including a seventy-mile segment of the Appalachian Trail, hiking is the most popular activity in the national park .", "Hiking in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park __knowledge__ As plans to create a national park in the eastern United States began to unfold in the 1920s, specifically in the area of eastern Tennessee and western North Carolina, various organizations began the process of procuring lands and constructing for the eventual national park." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hiking __knowledge__ Hiking is the preferred term, in Canada and the United States, for a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails (footpaths), in the countryside, while the word walking is used for shorter, particularly urban walks.", "Hiking __knowledge__ On the other hand, in the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, the word \"walking\" is acceptable to describe \"all forms\" of walking, whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.", "Hiking __knowledge__ The word hiking is also often used in the UK, along with rambling (a slightly old-fashioned term), hillwalking, and fell walking (a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England).", "Hiking __knowledge__ The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia, having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In New Zealand a long, vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.", "Hiking __knowledge__ It is a popular activity with numerous worldwide, and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.", "Hiking __knowledge__ In the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and United Kingdom, hiking means walking outdoors on a trail, or off trail, for recreational purposes.", "Hiking __knowledge__ A day hike refers to a hike that can be completed in a single day.", "Hiking __knowledge__ However, in the United Kingdom, the word walking is also used, as well as rambling, while walking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking.", "Dynamic random-access memory __knowledge__ Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) is a type of random access semiconductor memory that stores each bit of data in a separate tiny capacitor within an integrated circuit.", "Dynamic random-access memory __knowledge__ The capacitor can either be charged or discharged; these two states are taken to represent the two values of a bit, conventionally called 0 and 1.", "Dynamic random-access memory __knowledge__ The electric charge on the capacitors slowly leaks off, so without intervention the data on the chip would soon be lost.", "Dynamic random-access memory __knowledge__ To prevent this, DRAM requires an external \"memory refresh\" circuit which periodically rewrites the data in the capacitors, restoring them to their original charge.", "Random-access memory __knowledge__ Random-access memory (RAM ) is a form of computer data storage that stores data and machine code currently being used.", "Random-access memory __knowledge__ A random-access memory device allows data items to be read or written in almost the same amount of time irrespective of the physical location of data inside the memory.", "Random-access memory __knowledge__ In contrast, with other direct-access data storage media such as hard disks, CD-RWs, DVD-RWs and the older magnetic tapes and drum memory, the time required to read and write data items varies significantly depending on their physical locations on the recording medium, due to mechanical limitations such as media rotation speeds and arm movement.", "Synchronous dynamic random-access memory __knowledge__ Synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM) is any dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) where the operation of its external pin interface is coordinated by an externally supplied clock signal.", "Synchronous dynamic random-access memory __knowledge__ DRAM integrated circuits (ICs) produced from the early 1970s to mid-1990s used an \"asynchronous\" interface, in which input control signals have a direct effect on internal functions only delayed by the trip across its semiconductor pathways.", "Synchronous dynamic random-access memory __knowledge__ SDRAM has a \"synchronous\" interface, whereby changes on control inputs are recognised after a rising edge of its clock input.", "Synchronous dynamic random-access memory __knowledge__ In SDRAM families standardized by JEDEC, the clock signal controls the stepping of an internal finite state machine that responds to incoming commands.", "Address programming language __knowledge__ The Address programming language ( ) is one of the world's first high-level programming languages.", "Address programming language __knowledge__ It was created in 1955 by Ekaterina Yushchenko.", "Address programming language __knowledge__ In particular, the Address programming language made possible indirect addressing and addresses of the highest rank analogous to pointers.", "Address programming language __knowledge__ Unlike Fortran and ALGOL 60, APL (Address programming language) supported indirect addressing and addressing of higher ranks.", "Address programming language __knowledge__ Indirect addressing is a mechanism that appeared in other programming languages much later (1963–65 in PL/1).", "Address programming language __knowledge__ The Address language was implemented on all the computers of the first and second generation produced in the Soviet Union.", "Solid-state drive __knowledge__ A solid-state drive (SSD), or solid-state disk is a solid-state storage device that uses integrated circuit assemblies as memory to store data persistently.", "Solid-state drive __knowledge__ SSD technology primarily uses electronic interfaces compatible with traditional block input/output (I/O) hard disk drives (HDDs), which permit simple replacements in common applications.", "Solid-state drive __knowledge__ New I/O interfaces like SATA Express and M.2 have been designed to address specific requirements of the SSD technology.", "Solid-state drive __knowledge__ SSDs have no moving mechanical components.", "Solid-state drive __knowledge__ This distinguishes them from traditional electromechanical magnetic disks such as hard disk drives (HDDs) or floppy disks, which contain spinning disks and movable read/write heads.", "Memory refresh __knowledge__ Memory refresh is the process of periodically reading information from an area of computer memory and immediately rewriting the read information to the same area without modification, for the purpose of preserving the information.", "Memory refresh __knowledge__ Memory refresh is a background maintenance process required during the operation of semiconductor dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), the most widely used type of computer memory, and in fact is the defining characteristic of this class of memory.", "Memory refresh __knowledge__ In a DRAM chip, each bit of memory data is stored as the presence or absence of an electric charge on a small capacitor on the chip.", "Central Bank of Armenia __knowledge__ The Central Bank of Armenia () is the central bank of Armenia with its headquarters in Yerevan.", "Central Bank of Armenia __knowledge__ The CBA is an independent institution responsible for issuing all banknotes and coins in the country, overseeing and regulating the banking sector and keeping the government's currency reserves.", "Central Bank of Armenia __knowledge__ The CBA is also the sole owner of the Armenian Mint.", "Central Bank of Armenia __knowledge__ The bank is engaged in policies to promote financial inclusion and is a member of the Alliance for Financial Inclusion.", "Central Bank of Armenia __knowledge__ On July 3, 2012 the Central Bank of the Republic of Armenia announced it would be making specific commitments to financial inclusion under the Maya Declaration.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Lightning Returns: Final Fantasy XIII __knowledge__ The game's story takes place five hundred years after the previous game's ending.", "Lightning Returns: Final Fantasy XIII __knowledge__ Lightning, the main protagonist of the first game and a key character in the second, awakes from a self-imposed hibernation 13 days before the world's end, and is chosen by the deity Bhunivelze to save the people of the dying world, including former friends and allies who have developed heavy emotional burdens.", "Lightning Returns: Final Fantasy XIII __knowledge__ As she travels, she learns the full truth behind both the world's fate and Bhunivelze's true agenda.", "Lightning Returns: Final Fantasy XIII __knowledge__ Development of the game started in May 2012, shortly after the release of \"XIII-2\"s final piece of DLC, and was unveiled at a special 25th Anniversary Event for the \"Final Fantasy\" series in September that year.", "History of American newspapers __knowledge__ The history of American newspapers begins in the early 18th century with the publication of the first colonial newspapers.", "History of American newspapers __knowledge__ American newspapers began as modest affairs—a sideline for printers.", "History of American newspapers __knowledge__ They became a political force in the campaign for American independence.", "History of American newspapers __knowledge__ Following independence the first article of U.S. Constitution guaranteed freedom of the press.", "History of American newspapers __knowledge__ The U.S.", "History of American newspapers __knowledge__ Postal Service Act of 1792 provided substantial subsidies: Newspapers were delivered up to 100 miles for a penny and beyond for 1.5 cents, when first class postage ranged from six cents to a quarter.", "History of American newspapers __knowledge__ The American press grew rapidly during the First Party System (1790s-1810s) when both parties sponsored papers to reach their loyal partisans.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Sexuality in ancient Rome, and more broadly, \"sexual attitudes and behaviors in ancient Rome,\" are indicated by Roman art, literature and inscriptions, and to a lesser extent by archaeological remains such as erotic artifacts and architecture.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ It has sometimes been assumed that \"unlimited sexual license\" was characteristic of ancient Rome; Verstraete and Provençal express the opinion that this perspective was simply a Christian interpretation: \"The sexuality of the Romans has never had good press in the West ever since the rise of Christianity.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ In the popular imagination and culture, it is synonymous with sexual license and abuse.\"", "Star Wars Jedi Knight: Jedi Academy __knowledge__ Star Wars Jedi Knight: Jedi Academy is a first- and third-person shooter action video game set in the \"Star Wars\" universe.", "Star Wars Jedi Knight: Jedi Academy __knowledge__ It was developed by Raven Software and published by LucasArts in North America and by Activision in Europe.", "Star Wars Jedi Knight: Jedi Academy __knowledge__ The game was released for Microsoft Windows and OS X (published by Aspyr) in September 2003 and for Xbox (developed by Vicarious Visions) in November 2003, and received positive reviews.", "Star Wars Jedi Knight: Jedi Academy __knowledge__ \"Jedi Academy\" is powered by the id Tech 3 game engine, the same engine used by \"Jedi Academy\"s predecessor, \"\".", "Star Wars Jedi Knight: Jedi Academy __knowledge__ In a new feature to the series, the player can modify the character's gender and appearance, and can construct a lightsaber by choosing the hilt style and blade color.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\"." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 9 ]

[ "I love hiking usually on trails in the countryside.", "It is the act of a long, vigorous walk, usually in challenging areas! Thats what makes it so fun!", "Well hiking in mountainous areas is called hillwalking and requires some sophisticated equipment." ]

[ "Hiking", "Hiking", "Hiking" ]

[ "Grateful Dead", "I havent heard of them, can you tel me something more? What genre band are they?", "Jam bands? thats great i listen to Disco Biscuits from time to time, are they still active?", "Thats crazy rolling stone magazine is the real deal in this kind of music, what are their best hits ?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of rock, psychedelia, experimental music, modal jazz, country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\"", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was ranked 57th by \"Rolling Stone\" magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8, 1977, performance at Cornell University's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The founding members were Jerry Garcia (lead guitar, vocals), Bob Weir (rhythm guitar, vocals), Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan (keyboards, harmonica, vocals), Phil Lesh (bass, vocals), and Bill Kreutzmann (drums)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of rock, psychedelia, experimental music, modal jazz, country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\"", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was ranked 57th by \"Rolling Stone\" magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8, 1977, performance at Cornell University's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The founding members were Jerry Garcia (lead guitar, vocals), Bob Weir (rhythm guitar, vocals), Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan (keyboards, harmonica, vocals), Phil Lesh (bass, vocals), and Bill Kreutzmann (drums).", "Jam band __knowledge__ A jam band is a musical group whose live albums and concerts relate to a unique fan culture that began in the 1960s with the Grateful Dead, and continued with The Allman Brothers Band, which had lengthy jams at concerts.", "Jam band __knowledge__ The performances of these bands typically feature extended musical improvisation (\"jams\") over rhythmic grooves and chord patterns, and long sets of music that can often cross genre boundaries.", "Jam band __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead continued to grow their fanbase in the second half of the 1980s.", "Jam band __knowledge__ In the mid-1980s, the bands Phish, Edie Brickell & New Bohemians, Blues Traveler, Ozric Tentacles, Widespread Panic, Bela Fleck and the Flecktones, Spin Doctors, Col Bruce Hampton and Aquarium Rescue Unit, began touring with jam band-style concerts.", "Tel Aviv __knowledge__ Tel Aviv (, , ) is the second most populous city in Israel (after Jerusalem) and the most populous city in the conurbation of Gush Dan, Israel's largest metropolitan area.", "Tel Aviv __knowledge__ Located on the country's Mediterranean coastline and with a population of , it is the financial and technological center of the country.", "Tel Aviv __knowledge__ Silicon Wadi is another name for Gush Dan, in comparison to Silicon Valley in the U.S. state of California.", "Tel Aviv __knowledge__ Tel Aviv is governed by the Tel Aviv-Yafo Municipality, headed by Ron Huldai, and is home to many foreign embassies.", "Tel Aviv __knowledge__ It is a global city and is ranked 34th in the Global Financial Centres Index.", "British Rail Universal Trolley Equipment __knowledge__ British Rail Universal Trolley Equipment (BRUTEs) were trolleys used from 1964 until 1999 for sorting, handling and transport by rail of parcels, newspapers, etc.", "British Rail Universal Trolley Equipment __knowledge__ BRUTEs were a wheeled platform, generally with mesh around three sides of the body, the fourth side being open with canvas (or later plastic) straps for restraint of the load.", "British Rail Universal Trolley Equipment __knowledge__ The front included a panel for notes to be chalked to help sort traffic.", "British Rail Universal Trolley Equipment __knowledge__ A few BRUTEs had just the front, for carrying bulky loads too big for the cage, or two hinged ramps (no sides) to load or unload BRUTEs into railway vans.", "British Rail Universal Trolley Equipment __knowledge__ Each BRUTE had two fixed wheels at the rear and two swivelling caster wheels at the front, with polyurethane tyres and taper bearings.", "Tor2web __knowledge__ Tor2web is a software project to allow Tor hidden services to be accessed from a standard browser without being connected to the Tor network.", "Tor2web __knowledge__ It was created by Aaron Swartz and Virgil Griffith.", "Tor2web __knowledge__ Tor is a network which enables people to use the Internet anonymously (though with known weaknesses) and to publish content on \"hidden services\", which exist only within the Tor network for security reasons and thus are typically only accessible to the relatively small number of people using a Tor-connected web browser.", "Tor2web __knowledge__ Aaron Swartz and Virgil Griffith developed Tor2web in 2008 as a way to support whistleblowing and other forms of anonymous publishing through Tor, allowing materials to remain anonymous while making them accessible to a broader audience.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The 6th Florida Infantry Regiment' was raised by the Confederate State of Florida for service to the Provisional Army of the Confederate States of America.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ Organized and released from state service in mid-April 1862, the regiment would leave the state in mid-June, 1862.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ It was assigned from June through August 1862 to the Army of East Tennessee (Department of East Tennessee), General Edmund Kirby Smith commanding.", "6th Florida Infantry Regiment __knowledge__ The Army of East Tennessee was redesignated as the Confederate Army of Kentucky on August 25, 1862, when General Smith led it into eastern Kentucky during the Confederate Heartland Offensive.", "Lotus (American band) __knowledge__ Lotus is an instrumental electronic jam band formed in Indiana in 1999 now based in Philadelphia, PA and Denver, CO. Lotus formed at Goshen College in Indiana in 1999.", "Lotus (American band) __knowledge__ After a few years of playing what they describe as \"jamtronica\", Lotus recruited percussionist Chuck Morris in 2001 and shifted their focus to instrumental music, taking inspiration from electronic musicians such as The Orb.", "Lotus (American band) __knowledge__ The band's first album, \"Vibes\", a compilation of live performances from their 2001 tour, was released in 2002, after which they signed to Harmonized Records, releasing a live album and two studio albums between 2003 and 2006.", "Stalemate in Southern Palestine __knowledge__ The Stalemate in Southern Palestine was a six month standoff between the British Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) and the Ottoman Army in World War I.", "Stalemate in Southern Palestine __knowledge__ The two hostile forces faced each other along the Gaza to Beersheba line during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign, with neither side able to force its opponent to withdraw.", "Stalemate in Southern Palestine __knowledge__ The stalemate began in April 1917 with the defeat of the EEF by the Ottoman Army at the Second Battle of Gaza and lasted until the EEF offensive began with the Battle of Beersheba on 31 October 1917.", "Stalemate in Southern Palestine __knowledge__ Previous to the stalemate, units of the Ottoman Fourth Army had been forced out of the Sinai Peninsula by a series of EEF victories: the Battle of Romani in August 1916, the Battle of Magdhaba in December and the Battle of Rafa in January 1917.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Jerome John Garcia (August 1, 1942 – August 9, 1995) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist, best known for his work as the lead guitarist and as a vocalist with the band the Grateful Dead, which came to prominence during the counterculture era in the 1960s.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Although he disavowed the role, Garcia was viewed by many as the leader or \"spokesman\" of the group.", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ One of its founders, Garcia performed with the Grateful Dead for their entire thirty-year career (1965–1995).", "Jerry Garcia __knowledge__ Garcia also founded and participated in a variety of side projects, including the Saunders–Garcia Band (with longtime friend Merl Saunders), the Jerry Garcia Band, Old and in the Way, the Garcia/Grisman acoustic duo, Legion of Mary, and the New Riders of the Purple Sage (which Garcia co-founded with John Dawson and David Nelson).", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American major record label established in 1958 as the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group (WMG), and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19, 1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. For most of its early existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a convoluted series of corporate mergers and acquisitions from the early 1960s to the early 2000s.", "Hippie __knowledge__ A hippie (sometimes spelled hippy) is a member of a counterculture, originally a youth movement that began in the United States during the mid-1960s and spread to other countries around the world.", "Hippie __knowledge__ The word \"hippie\" came from \"hipster\" and used to describe beatniks who moved into New York City's Greenwich Village and San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury district.", "Hippie __knowledge__ The term \"hippie\" first found popularity in San Francisco by Herb Caen, a journalist for the \"San Francisco Chronicle\".", "Hippie __knowledge__ The origins of the terms \"hip\" and \"hep\" are uncertain.", "Hippie __knowledge__ By the 1940s, both had become part of African American jive slang and meant \"sophisticated; currently fashionable; fully up-to-date\".", "Dick Latvala __knowledge__ Dick Latvala (26 July 1943 – 6 August 1999) was an American tape archivist for the Grateful Dead.", "Dick Latvala __knowledge__ He started the CD series \"Dick's Picks\", an ongoing series that selects live music from Grateful Dead concerts.", "Dick Latvala __knowledge__ The first volume of \"Dick's Picks\" was released in 1993.", "Dick Latvala __knowledge__ The series continued after Latvala's death in 1999 until 2005, with later volumes being selected by David Lemieux.", "Dick Latvala __knowledge__ In 2005 the series inspired a spin-off officially known as \"Dave's Picks\".", "Dick Latvala __knowledge__ As a senior studying psychology at San Francisco State University, Dick Latvala wrote a brief autobiography in 1965, apparently in preparation for his first time ingesting LSD.", "History of the hippie movement __knowledge__ The hippie subculture began its development as a youth movement in San Francisco during the early 1960s and then developed around the world.", "History of the hippie movement __knowledge__ Its origins may be traced to European social movements in the 19th and early 20th century such as Bohemians, and the influence of Eastern religion and spirituality.", "History of the hippie movement __knowledge__ From around 1967, its fundamental ethos — including harmony with nature, communal living, artistic experimentation particularly in music, and the widespread use of recreational drugs — spread around the world during the counterculture of the 1960s, which has become closely associated with the subculture." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of rock, psychedelia, experimental music, modal jazz, country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\"", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was ranked 57th by \"Rolling Stone\" magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8, 1977, performance at Cornell University's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The founding members were Jerry Garcia (lead guitar, vocals), Bob Weir (rhythm guitar, vocals), Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan (keyboards, harmonica, vocals), Phil Lesh (bass, vocals), and Bill Kreutzmann (drums).", "Jam band __knowledge__ A jam band is a musical group whose live albums and concerts relate to a unique fan culture that began in the 1960s with the Grateful Dead, and continued with The Allman Brothers Band, which had lengthy jams at concerts.", "Jam band __knowledge__ The performances of these bands typically feature extended musical improvisation (\"jams\") over rhythmic grooves and chord patterns, and long sets of music that can often cross genre boundaries.", "Jam band __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead continued to grow their fanbase in the second half of the 1980s.", "Jam band __knowledge__ In the mid-1980s, the bands Phish, Edie Brickell & New Bohemians, Blues Traveler, Ozric Tentacles, Widespread Panic, Bela Fleck and the Flecktones, Spin Doctors, Col Bruce Hampton and Aquarium Rescue Unit, began touring with jam band-style concerts.", "Jammy Award __knowledge__ The Jammy Award (also known as the Jammys) are an awards show for bands typically called jam bands and other artists associated with live, improvisational music, created by Dean Budnick and Peter Shapiro.", "Jammy Award __knowledge__ The Jammys are sponsored by Relix magazine, Jambands.com, and Shapiro.", "Jammy Award __knowledge__ The Jammy Awards returned in 2008 to the WAMU Theater at Madison Square Garden in New York City.", "Jammy Award __knowledge__ The First Annual Jammy Awards were held on June 22, 2000 at Irving Plaza in New York City.", "Jammy Award __knowledge__ The event was presented by Jambands.com and executive producers Peter Shapiro and Dean Budnick.", "Jammy Award __knowledge__ Shapiro, who owns the Wetlands Preserve, is the publisher of Jambands.com.", "Aron Magner __knowledge__ Aron Magner (born April 23, 1976) is a Philadelphia-based musician best known as the keyboardist and founding member of The Disco Biscuits.", "Aron Magner __knowledge__ Magner and The Disco Biscuits have been instrumental in bringing live and studio improvisational, electronic-based music to the forefront of the live music scene and, increasingly, to popular culture.", "Aron Magner __knowledge__ From a young age, Magner was classically trained on the piano.", "Aron Magner __knowledge__ Magner was enrolled in the University of Pennsylvania before more aggressively pursuing a career as a musician.", "Aron Magner __knowledge__ Magner’s early musical influences included jazz and classical music, and led him to formal piano training.", "Disco __knowledge__ Disco is a musical style originating in the early 1970s.", "Disco __knowledge__ It began to emerge from America's urban nightlife scene, where it had been curtailed to house parties and makeshift discotheques from the middle of the decade onwards, after which, it began making regular mainstream appearances, gaining popularity and increasing airplay on radio.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its popularity was achieved sometime during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its initial audiences in the U.S. were club-goers, both male and female, from the African American, Italian American, Latino, and psychedelic communities in Philadelphia, Chicago, San Francisco, and New York City during the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "Gathering of the Vibes __knowledge__ Gathering of the Vibes (often abbreviated as GOTV) is an annual four-day music, camping and arts festival that celebrates the Grateful Dead and showcases a diverse variety of music.", "Gathering of the Vibes __knowledge__ Over the course of the event, styles often include; funk, bluegrass, rock, jam band, jazz, reggae, R&B and folk music.", "Gathering of the Vibes __knowledge__ Since 1996, GOTV has brought many bands to the New England area during the summer season.", "Gathering of the Vibes __knowledge__ There are two main stages that alternate bands so that festival goers experience music all day and into the night.", "Gathering of the Vibes __knowledge__ A short stroll down the beach is the \"Green Vibes Stage\" which showcases some of the Northeast's finest talent.", "Disco Biscuits __knowledge__ The Disco Biscuits are a jam band from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Disco Biscuits __knowledge__ The band consists of Allen Aucoin (drums), Marc \"Brownie\" Brownstein (bass guitar), Jon \"Barber\" Gutwillig (guitar), and Aron Magner (keyboards, synths).", "Disco Biscuits __knowledge__ The band incorporates elements from a variety of musical genres with a base of electronic and rock.", "Disco Biscuits __knowledge__ Their style has been described as trance fusion.", "Disco Biscuits __knowledge__ The Disco Biscuits formed as a Phish cover band at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia in 1995.", "Disco Biscuits __knowledge__ Founding members include Jon Gutwilling, Aron Magner, Marc Brownstein, and original drummer Sam \"Sammy\" Altman.", "Disco Biscuits __knowledge__ Sammy left the band in 2005 to practice medicine.", "Dean Budnick __knowledge__ Dean Budnick is an American writer, filmmaker, college professor and radio host who focuses on music, film and popular culture.", "Dean Budnick __knowledge__ Budnick, who is editor-in-chief of Relix, grew up in East Greenwich, Rhode Island.", "Dean Budnick __knowledge__ In April 2012, Plume/Penguin published the revised, expanded edition of Budnick's latest book, \"Ticket Masters: The Rise of the Concert Industry and How the Public Got Scalped\", in North America and the U.K. ECW Press issued the original hardcover edition of the book, co-authored with Josh Baron, in 2011.", "Dean Budnick __knowledge__ \"Ticket Masters\" explores the emergence of computerized ticketing and the rise of the modern concert industry.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "Superfly (company) __knowledge__ Superfly is a New York-based marketing and event company.", "Superfly (company) __knowledge__ Founded in New Orleans in 1996 as a Superfly Presents, they co-produce the Bonnaroo Music and Arts Festival and the Outside Lands Music and Arts Festival.", "Superfly (company) __knowledge__ A marketing division was established in 2009, and in 2014 the company name was shortened to Superfly.", "Superfly (company) __knowledge__ In addition to their New York headquarters, the company has offices in Chicago and San Francisco.", "Superfly (company) __knowledge__ Held on a 700-acre farm in Manchester, Tennessee annually since 2002, Bonnaroo draws a yearly audience of approximately 80,000 people.", "Superfly (company) __knowledge__ Most of the attendees camp on-site during the four day festival, which was designed to emphasize community.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "Music of Denver __knowledge__ While Denver may not be as recognized for historical musical prominence like such cities as Los Angeles, Detroit, Chicago or New York City, it still manages to have a very active popular, jazz, and classical music scene, which has nurtured many artists and genres to regional, national, and even international attention.", "Music of Denver __knowledge__ Though nearby Boulder, Colorado has its own very distinct music scene, they are intertwined and often artists based there also play in Denver.", "Music of Denver __knowledge__ The \"King of Jazz\", bandleader Paul Whiteman, was born in Denver, Colorado on March 28, 1890.", "Music of Denver __knowledge__ From the 1920s-50s, Welton Street in Five Points was home to over fifty bars and clubs, where some of the greatest jazz musicians such as Billie Holiday, Duke Ellington, Miles Davis, Nat King Cole, Count Basie, Dizzy Gillespie, and others performed.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Pearl Jam is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1990.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Since its inception, the band's line-up has consisted of Eddie Vedder (lead vocals), Mike McCready (lead guitar), Stone Gossard (rhythm guitar) and Jeff Ament (bass).", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ The band's fifth member is drummer Matt Cameron (also of Soundgarden), who has been with the band since 1998.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Boom Gaspar (piano) has also been a session/touring member with the band since 2002.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Drummers Dave Krusen, Matt Chamberlain, Dave Abbruzzese and Jack Irons are former members of the band.", "Pearl Jam __knowledge__ Formed after the demise of Gossard and Ament's previous band, Mother Love Bone, Pearl Jam broke into the mainstream with its debut album, \"Ten\", in 1991.", "Funk __knowledge__ Funk is a music genre that originated in the mid-1960s when African American musicians created a rhythmic, danceable new form of music through a mixture of soul music, jazz, and rhythm and blues (R&B).", "Funk __knowledge__ Funk de-emphasizes melody and chord progressions used in other related genres and brings a strong rhythmic groove of a bass line played by an electric bassist and a drum part played by a drummer to the foreground.", "Funk __knowledge__ Like much of African-inspired music, funk typically consists of a complex groove with rhythm instruments playing interlocking grooves.", "Funk __knowledge__ Funk uses the same richly colored extended chords found in bebop jazz, such as minor chords with added sevenths and elevenths, or dominant seventh chords with altered ninths." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto, California.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ Ranging from quintet to septet, the band is known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of rock, psychedelia, experimental music, modal jazz, country, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, and space rock, for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams, and for their devoted fan base, known as \"Deadheads\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ \"Their music,\" writes Lenny Kaye, \"touches on ground that most other groups don't even know exists.\"", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead \"the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world\".", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was ranked 57th by \"Rolling Stone\" magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8, 1977, performance at Cornell University's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Grateful Dead __knowledge__ The founding members were Jerry Garcia (lead guitar, vocals), Bob Weir (rhythm guitar, vocals), Ron \"Pigpen\" McKernan (keyboards, harmonica, vocals), Phil Lesh (bass, vocals), and Bill Kreutzmann (drums).", "James Brown __knowledge__ James Joseph Brown (May 3, 1933 – December 25, 2006) was an American singer, songwriter, dancer, musician, record producer and bandleader.", "James Brown __knowledge__ A progenitor of funk music and a major figure of 20th century popular music and dance, he is often referred to as the \"Godfather of Soul\".", "James Brown __knowledge__ In a career that lasted 50 years, he influenced the development of several music genres.", "James Brown __knowledge__ Brown began his career as a gospel singer in Toccoa, Georgia.", "James Brown __knowledge__ He joined an R&B vocal group, the Gospel Starlighters (which later evolved into the Flames) founded by Bobby Byrd, in which he was the lead singer.", "James Brown __knowledge__ First coming to national public attention in the late 1950s as a member of the singing group The Famous Flames with the hit ballads \"Please, Please, Please\" and \"Try Me\", Brown built a reputation as a tireless live performer with the Famous Flames and his backing band, sometimes known as the James Brown Band or the James Brown Orchestra.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American funk rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ The group's musical style primarily consists of rock with an emphasis on funk, as well as elements from other genres such as punk rock and psychedelic rock.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ When played live, their music incorporates elements of jam band due to the improvised nature of many of their performances.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Currently, the band consists of founding members vocalist/rhythm guitarist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea, longtime drummer Chad Smith, and former touring guitarist Josh Klinghoffer.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time with over 80 million records sold worldwide, have been nominated for sixteen Grammy Awards, of which they have won six, and are the most successful band in alternative rock radio history, currently holding the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart.", "Rolling Stone __knowledge__ Rolling Stone is an American biweekly magazine that focuses on popular culture.", "Rolling Stone __knowledge__ It was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner, who is still the magazine's publisher, and the music critic Ralph J. Gleason.", "Rolling Stone __knowledge__ It was first known for its musical coverage and for political reporting by Hunter S. Thompson.", "Rolling Stone __knowledge__ In the 1990s, the magazine shifted focus to a younger readership interested in youth-oriented television shows, film actors, and popular music.", "Rolling Stone __knowledge__ In recent years, it has resumed its traditional mix of content.", "Rolling Stone __knowledge__ Rolling Stone Press is the magazine's associated book publishing imprint.", "Rolling Stone __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" magazine was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner and Ralph Gleason.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Queen are a British rock band that formed in London in 1970.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Their classic line-up was Freddie Mercury (lead vocals, piano), Brian May (lead guitar, vocals), Roger Taylor (drums, vocals), and John Deacon (bass guitar).", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Queen's earliest works were influenced by progressive rock, hard rock and heavy metal, but the band gradually ventured into more conventional and radio-friendly works by incorporating further styles, such as arena rock and pop rock, into their music.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in Smile.", "Queen (band) __knowledge__ Mercury, then known by his birth name, Farrokh \"Freddie\" Bulsara, was a fan of Smile and encouraged them to experiment with more elaborate stage and recording techniques.", "A Rape on Campus __knowledge__ \"A Rape on Campus\" is a \"Rolling Stone\" magazine article, written by Sabrina Erdely and originally published on November 19, 2014, that describes a purported group sexual assault at the University of Virginia (UVA).", "A Rape on Campus __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" retracted the story in its entirety on April 5, 2015.", "A Rape on Campus __knowledge__ The article claimed that a UVA student, identified only as \"Jackie\" by the magazine, had been taken to a party hosted by the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity at UVA by a fellow student.", "A Rape on Campus __knowledge__ At the party, Jackie alleged in the article, her date led her to a bedroom where she was raped by several fraternity members as part of an initiation rite.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ \"Crazy in Love\" is a song by American singer Beyoncé featuring American rapper Jay-Z, from Beyoncé's debut solo studio album \"Dangerously in Love\" (2003).", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Both artists wrote and composed the song in collaboration with Rich Harrison and Eugene Record; the former also produced it with Beyoncé.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Using samples from The Chi-Lites's 1970 song \"Are You My Woman (Tell Me So)\", \"Crazy in Love\" is a contemporary R&B and pop love song that incorporates elements of hip hop, soul, and 1970s-style funk music.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Its lyrics describe a romantic obsession that causes the protagonist to act out of character.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"Crazy in Love\" as the lead single from \"Dangerously in Love\" on May 18, 2003.", "Mary J. Blige __knowledge__ Mary Jane Blige (; born January 11, 1971) is an American singer, songwriter, rapper, record producer, and actress.", "Mary J. Blige __knowledge__ She started her career as a backing singer on Uptown Records in 1989.", "Mary J. Blige __knowledge__ In 1992, Blige released her first album, \"What's the 411?\".", "Mary J. Blige __knowledge__ She has released 13 studio albums, eight of which have achieved multi-platinum worldwide sales.", "Mary J. Blige __knowledge__ Blige has won nine Grammys from her 31 nominations.", "Mary J. Blige __knowledge__ \"My Life\" is among \"Rolling Stone\"'s 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, and \"Time\"s All-Time 100 Albums.", "Mary J. Blige __knowledge__ She received a Legends Award at the World Music Awards in 2006, and the Voice of Music Award from performance rights organization ASCAP in 2007.", "The Clash __knowledge__ The Clash were an English rock band formed in London in 1976 as part of the original wave of British punk rock.", "The Clash __knowledge__ Along with punk rock, the Clash also have played music genres such as experimental rock, and new wave and their music often also incorporated elements of reggae, dub, funk, ska and rockabilly.", "The Clash __knowledge__ For most of their recording career the Clash consisted of Joe Strummer (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Mick Jones (lead guitar, lead vocals), Paul Simonon (bass guitar, vocals) and Nicky \"Topper\" Headon (drums, percussion).", "The Clash __knowledge__ Headon left the group in 1982, and internal friction led to Jones' departure the following year.", "The Marshall Mathers LP __knowledge__ The Marshall Mathers LP is the third studio album by American rapper Eminem.", "The Marshall Mathers LP __knowledge__ It was released on May 23, 2000, by Aftermath Entertainment, and Interscope Records, in the United States, and on September 11, 2000, by Polydor Records in the United Kingdom.", "The Marshall Mathers LP __knowledge__ The album was produced mostly by Dr. Dre and Eminem, along with The 45 King, the Bass Brothers, and Mel-Man.", "The Marshall Mathers LP __knowledge__ Released a year after Eminem's breakout album \"The Slim Shady LP\", the record features more introspective lyricism including the rapper's response to his sudden rise to fame and controversy surrounding his lyrics.", "The Marshall Mathers LP __knowledge__ The album sold more than 1.78 million copies in the US in its first week alone, becoming the fastest-selling studio album by any solo artist in American music history at that time.", "List of awards and nominations received by The Who __knowledge__ The Who are one of the most critically acclaimed rock bands, and have received numerous awards and accolades that reflect both their enduring popularity and commercial success.", "List of awards and nominations received by The Who __knowledge__ The Who were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1990, the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2005, and won the first annual Freddie Mercury Lifetime Achievement in Live Music Award in 2006.", "List of awards and nominations received by The Who __knowledge__ They received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the British Phonographic Industry in 1988, and from the Grammy Foundation in 2001, for creative contributions of outstanding artistic significance to the field of recording.", "List of awards and nominations received by The Who __knowledge__ \"Tommy\" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1998, \"My Generation\" in 1999 and \"Who's Next\" in 2007." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 5, 7 ]

[ "I love the grateful dead. They are one of my favorite bands of all time. So groovy. Formed in America and created in 1965.", "Strong influence on their listeners. They are considered the Godfathers of jam bands.", "THey were actually ranked number 57th of the best bands of all time by rolling stone magazine.", "They are not active and they have sold over 35 million albums world wide." ]

[ "Grateful Dead", "Grateful Dead", "Grateful Dead", "Grateful Dead" ]

[ "Auto mechanic\nDo you know how to work on cars?", "Have they ever helped you with your car if it's been broken?", "That's good to know, thank you. I should learn how to work on my car more but all I can do is change the oil.", "UTI is a technical college for auto mechanics in Florida, I've known a few mechanics that have attended that school. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ An auto mechanic (automotive technician in most of North America, car mechanic in British English, and motor mechanic in Australian English) is a mechanic with a variety of automobile makes or either in a specific area or in a specific make of automobile.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ In repairing cars, their main role is to diagnose the problem accurately and quickly.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ They often have to quote prices for their customers before commencing work or after partial disassembly for inspection.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Their job may involve the repair of a specific part or the replacement of one or more parts as assemblies.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Basic vehicle maintenance is a fundamental part of a mechanic's work in modern industrialized countries while in others they are only consulted when a vehicle is already showing signs of malfunction.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Preventative maintenance is also a fundamental part of a mechanic's job, but this is not possible in the case of vehicles that are not regularly maintained by a mechanic.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ One misunderstood aspect of preventative maintenance is \"scheduled replacement\" of various parts, which occurs before failure to avoid far more expensive damage.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Because this means that parts are replaced before any problem is observed, many vehicle owners will not understand why the expense is necessary.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Pixar franchise \"Cars\", as well as the Disney franchise \"Planes\", which is set in the same fictional universe: Lightning McQueen, often referred to as \"McQueen\", is the main character in \"Cars\" and \"Cars 3\".", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Owen Wilson.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ McQueen is not modeled directly after a specific make and model, although his design contains some elements inspired by the Chevrolet Corvette C6.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ His Corvette lineage is further suggested by the \"retro\" paint scheme he acquires in Radiator Springs, which resembles that of a Corvette C1.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ Mack (voiced by John Ratzenberger) is a 1985 Mack Super-Liner bearing license plate \"RUSTEZ3\".", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway __knowledge__ The fleet of plug-in electric vehicles in Norway is the largest per capita in the world, with Oslo recognized as the EV capital of the world.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway __knowledge__ , the market concentration was 21.5 registered plug-in cars per 1,000 people, 14.2 times higher than the U.S., then the world's largest country market.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway __knowledge__ Norway's fleet of electric cars is one of the cleanest in the world because 98% of the electricity generated in the country comes from hydropower.", "Plug-in electric vehicles in Norway __knowledge__ In March 2014, Norway became the first country where over one in every 100 passenger cars on the road was a plug-in electric; the segment's market penetration passed 3% in December 2015, and ended 2016 with 5% of all passenger cars on Norwegian roads being a plug-in.", "Victorian Railways E type carriage __knowledge__ The E type carriages were wooden express passenger carriage used on the railways of Victoria, Australia.", "Victorian Railways E type carriage __knowledge__ Originally introduced by Victorian Railways Chairman of Commissioners Thomas James Tait for the interstate service between Melbourne, Sydney and Adelaide, these Canadian-inspired carriages remained in regular service for 85 years over the entire Victorian network.", "Victorian Railways E type carriage __knowledge__ Carriages on Victorian long-distance express services at the start of the 20th century were, in comparison to the Pullman cars operated by the New South Wales Government Railways relatively cramped and austere.", "Victorian Railways E type carriage __knowledge__ Chairman of Commissioners Thomas Tait, previously the Transportation Manager of the Canadian Pacific Railway, introduced a carriage design that was long, and as wide as the loading gauge allowed.", "Nottingham Corporation Tramways __knowledge__ Nottingham Corporation Tramways was formed when Nottingham Corporation took over the Nottingham and District Tramways Company Limited, which had operated a horse and steam tram service from 1877.", "Nottingham Corporation Tramways __knowledge__ In the early part of the year a deputation from Nottingham Corporation visited the cable-operated tramway system at Edinburgh and the overhead electric systems at Bristol and Dover, with the result that on 28 March the Tramways Committee recommended to the City Council that the proposed electric tramways should be operated on the overhead electric system.", "Nottingham Corporation Tramways __knowledge__ At an estimated cost of £425,000 (), electric tramways were proposed as follows: Powers for these were granted in the Nottingham Corporation Act 1899.", "Economy car __knowledge__ An economy car is an automobile that is designed for low-cost purchase and operation.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Typical economy cars are small (compact or subcompact), lightweight, and inexpensive to buy.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Economy car designers are forced by stringent design constraints to be inventive.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Many innovations in automobile design were originally developed for economy cars, such as the Ford Model T and the Austin Mini.", "Economy car __knowledge__ Gordon Murray, the Formula 1 and Mclaren F1 designer, said when designing his new Murray T.25 city car: \"I would say that building a car to sell for six thousand pounds and designing that for a high-volume production, where you have all the quality issues under control, is a hundred times more difficult than designing a Mclaren F1, or even a racing car.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ The S type carriages are a compartment layout passenger carriage used on the railways of Victoria, Australia.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ The carriages were constructed by the Victorian Railways in 1937 for use on the \"Spirit of Progress\", with additional carriages built until the 1950s for other trains.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ Introduced by Victorian Railways Chief Commissioner Harold Clapp for the \"Spirit of Progress\" service between Melbourne and Albury, the carriages lasted through many decades of regular service across a number of operators.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ Most of the fleet are still in service today, though none are in regular passenger service.", "Victorian Railways S type carriage __knowledge__ Two major types of carriage were constructed - AS first class cars with 3+3 seating in each compartment, BS second class cars with 4+4 seating.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ A passenger car (known as a coach or carriage in the UK, and also known as a bogie in India) is a piece of railway rolling stock that is designed to carry passengers.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ The term \"passenger car\" can also be associated with a sleeping car, baggage, dining, railway post office and prisoner transport cars.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ Up until about the end of the 19th century, most passenger cars were constructed of wood.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ The first passenger trains did not travel very far, but they were able to haul many more passengers for a longer distance than any wagons pulled by horses.", "Passenger car (rail) __knowledge__ As railways were first constructed in England, so too were the first passenger cars." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ An auto mechanic (automotive technician in most of North America, car mechanic in British English, and motor mechanic in Australian English) is a mechanic with a variety of automobile makes or either in a specific area or in a specific make of automobile.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ In repairing cars, their main role is to diagnose the problem accurately and quickly.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ They often have to quote prices for their customers before commencing work or after partial disassembly for inspection.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Their job may involve the repair of a specific part or the replacement of one or more parts as assemblies.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Basic vehicle maintenance is a fundamental part of a mechanic's work in modern industrialized countries while in others they are only consulted when a vehicle is already showing signs of malfunction.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Preventative maintenance is also a fundamental part of a mechanic's job, but this is not possible in the case of vehicles that are not regularly maintained by a mechanic.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ One misunderstood aspect of preventative maintenance is \"scheduled replacement\" of various parts, which occurs before failure to avoid far more expensive damage.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Because this means that parts are replaced before any problem is observed, many vehicle owners will not understand why the expense is necessary.", "John Vanbiesbrouck __knowledge__ John Vanbiesbrouck (born September 4, 1963), nicknamed \"the Beezer\" and \"VBK\", is an American professional ice hockey executive and former player.", "John Vanbiesbrouck __knowledge__ A goaltender as a player, he was inducted into the United States Hockey Hall of Fame in 2007.", "John Vanbiesbrouck __knowledge__ Vanbiesbrouck played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the New York Rangers, Florida Panthers, Philadelphia Flyers, New York Islanders, and New Jersey Devils.", "John Vanbiesbrouck __knowledge__ He began his career playing major junior hockey for the Sault Ste.", "John Vanbiesbrouck __knowledge__ Marie Greyhounds of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL).", "John Vanbiesbrouck __knowledge__ Following a successful season with the Greyhounds, he was drafted by the New York Rangers in the fourth round, 72nd overall, in the 1981 NHL Draft.", "Belle Gibson __knowledge__ Annabelle Natalie \"Belle\" Gibson (born October 8, 1991) is an Australian blogger, and alternative health advocate who fraudulently claimed to have donated significant income to charities, and of having forgone conventional cancer treatments to effectively self-manage multiple cancers through diet and alternative therapies.", "Belle Gibson __knowledge__ Gibson is the author of \"The Whole Pantry\" smartphone application and its later companion cookbook, both of which were subsequently withdrawn from sale from the Apple Store.", "Belle Gibson __knowledge__ The Whole Pantry application was featured in promotional material for the as-then unreleased Apple Watch, but was removed from Apple advertising after the controversy broke.", "Impeachment investigations of United States federal judges __knowledge__ There have been numerous attempts to impeach federal judges in the United States; a few have been successful in either forcing resignation or removing the judge.", "Impeachment investigations of United States federal judges __knowledge__ there have been sixty-one federal judges or Supreme Court Justices investigated for impeachment.", "Impeachment investigations of United States federal judges __knowledge__ On May 10, 1796, the House received a report from the Attorney General on the conduct of George Turner a judge in the Northwest Territory, which included demands for bribes, and the wanton levy of fines without trial.", "Impeachment investigations of United States federal judges __knowledge__ The report was referred to a select committee for further action.", "Impeachment investigations of United States federal judges __knowledge__ On February 16, 1797, Judge Turner requested that a hearing on any potential charges be conducted while he was in town.", "Chico Brenes __knowledge__ Rolando \"Chico\" Brenes is a professional skateboarder from Nicaragua whose stance is regular-footed.", "Chico Brenes __knowledge__ Brenes was born in Nicaragua and illegally entered the United States (US) in 1985 when he was nine years of age.", "Chico Brenes __knowledge__ Brenes has explained that during the Contra war, his mother had been shot in the face and had entered the US, as she urgently required surgery.", "Chico Brenes __knowledge__ Brenes traveled by bus with his aunt and uncle, who both eventually relocated to Miami, Florida, US, to reunite with his mother.", "Chico Brenes __knowledge__ Brenes was introduced to skateboarding around 1988/1989 when he observed other young males skating on a quarterpipe ramp; Brenes' first proper board was a Bryce Kanights signature model when Kanights was with the Madrid company; Brenes purchased the used board from another young skateboarder for US$15.", "To Write Love on Her Arms __knowledge__ To Write Love on Her Arms (TWLOHA) is an American non-profit organization which aims to present hope for people struggling with addiction, depression, self-injury and thoughts of suicide while also investing directly into treatment and recovery.", "To Write Love on Her Arms __knowledge__ Based in Melbourne, Florida, TWLOHA seeks to connect people to treatment centers, websites, books, support groups and other resources.", "To Write Love on Her Arms __knowledge__ TWLOHA also encourages people to have honest conversations about these issues, and to live in community.", "To Write Love on Her Arms __knowledge__ The organization's name is a direct reference to the first person that they ever helped, a young addict who self-harmed by cutting the words \"Fuck Up\" on her arm with a razor blade—with the group's founder writing an article hoping to help the addict to get cleaned up and \"To write 'love' on her arms\" instead.", "Autonomist Association __knowledge__ The Autonomist Association (; ) was a political party in Fiume, that existed continuously from 1896 to 1914.", "Autonomist Association __knowledge__ Its goal was to maintain the autonomy of the corpus separatum of Fiume within the Hungarian Kingdom.", "Autonomist Association __knowledge__ It is very difficult to trace the origins of the party, since it appeared as an organised political grouping only in 1896.", "Autonomist Association __knowledge__ However, already at the municipal elections in 1887 a party named Partito Autonomo appeared, but nothing is known about its internal composition and goals.", "Autonomist Association __knowledge__ Moreover, very similar claims were already in the 1860s when the priority was to gain autonomy from Croatia In its mature form fiuman Autonomists were focused in assuring a greater deal of autonomy for Fiume within the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, from the 1880s up to 1914.", "Henry Echlin __knowledge__ Sir Henry Echlin, 1st Baronet (1652–1725) was an Irish barrister, judge, and bibliophile.", "Henry Echlin __knowledge__ He was the first of the Echlin Baronets of Clonagh, County Kildare.", "Henry Echlin __knowledge__ He was born at Ardquin, County Down, the second son of Robert Echlin.", "Henry Echlin __knowledge__ He was the great-grandson of Robert Echlin, who was Bishop of Down and Connor from 1612 to 1635.", "Henry Echlin __knowledge__ His mother was Mary Leslie, daughter of Henry Leslie, Bishop of Meath (died 1661) and his wife Jane Swinton.", "Henry Echlin __knowledge__ His father died when his children were still very young, and seems to have left his family in some financial difficulty.", "Henry Echlin __knowledge__ Henry's younger brother was Lieutenant-General Robert Echlin (c.1657-c.1723), commander of the 6th (Inniskilling) Dragoons, and later a prominent Jacobite, who died in exile in France.", "Kurt von Schleicher __knowledge__ Kurt Ferdinand Friedrich Hermann von Schleicher (; 7 April 1882 – 30 June 1934) was a German general and the last Chancellor of Germany during the era of the Weimar Republic.", "Kurt von Schleicher __knowledge__ An important player in the German army's efforts to avoid the restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles, Schleicher rose to power as a close advisor to President Paul von Hindenburg.", "Kurt von Schleicher __knowledge__ In 1930 he was instrumental in the toppling of Hermann Müller's government and the appointment of Heinrich Brüning as Chancellor.", "Kurt von Schleicher __knowledge__ Beginning in 1932 he served as Minister of War in the cabinet of Franz von Papen, whom he succeeded as Chancellor on 3 December.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ \"Suits\" is an American legal drama created by Aaron Korsh and premiered on USA Network in June 2011.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The series revolves around Harvey Specter (Gabriel Macht), a senior partner at a top law firm in Manhattan, and his recently hired associate attorney Mike Ross (Patrick J. Adams) as they hide the fact that Mike does not have a law degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ Each episode focuses on a single legal case and its challenges while examining the work environment of the firm, Mike's and Harvey's personal relationships, and problems stemming from Mike's lack of a degree.", "List of Suits characters __knowledge__ The rest of the starring cast portray other employees at the firm: Louis Litt (Rick Hoffman), Rachel Zane (Meghan Markle), a paralegal who develops feelings for Mike; Donna Paulsen (Sarah Rafferty), Harvey's long-time legal secretary, close friend, and confidant; and Jessica Pearson (Gina Torres), the co-founder and managing partner of the firm.", "Greta Garbo __knowledge__ Greta Garbo, born Greta Lovisa Gustafsson () (18 September 1905 – 15 April 1990), was a Swedish-born American film actress during the 1920s and 1930s.", "Greta Garbo __knowledge__ Garbo was nominated three times for the Academy Award for Best Actress and received an Academy Honorary Award in 1954 for her \"luminous and unforgettable screen performances.\"", "Greta Garbo __knowledge__ In 1999, the American Film Institute ranked Garbo fifth on their list of the greatest female stars of classic Hollywood cinema, after Katharine Hepburn, Bette Davis, Audrey Hepburn and Ingrid Bergman.", "Greta Garbo __knowledge__ Garbo launched her career with a secondary role in the 1924 Swedish film \"The Saga of Gosta Berling\".", "List of The Hardy Boys characters __knowledge__ Many characters have appeared in the fictional series of books about The Hardy Boys.", "List of The Hardy Boys characters __knowledge__ At the beginning of the original Hardy Boys series, Frank is only 16 years old (18 prior to the revisions between 1959 and 1974) and both he and Joe want to follow in their famous father, Fenton Hardy’s footsteps as detectives.", "List of The Hardy Boys characters __knowledge__ When the father of one of their school friends is wrongly accused of stealing, the Hardy boys take it upon themselves to clear his name and solve the mystery.", "List of The Hardy Boys characters __knowledge__ After Frank and Joe solve their first case, Fenton—although he had not wanted his sons to get into the detective business because of the dangers involved—starts asking for their help on some of his cases.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ \"The Fast and the Furious\" is an American action film series produced by Neal H. Moritz and distributed by Universal Pictures.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ Consisting of eight films and two short films, the following is a list of characters from \"The Fast and the Furious\".", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ During the production of \"Furious 7\", Paul Walker died in a single-vehicle accident on November 30, 2013.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ As a result, his character Brian O'Conner was written out as retired.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ Walker's brothers, Caleb and Cody, were used among others as stand-ins to complete his remaining scenes, and the film is dedicated to him.", "List of The Fast and the Furious characters __knowledge__ Dominic \"Dom\" Toretto appears in all of the films in the series but \"2 Fast 2 Furious\", in which he is only mentioned.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" novels feature a sizable cast of characters.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ The series follows three interwoven plotlines: a dynastic war for control of Westeros by several families; the rising threat of the superhuman Others beyond Westeros's northern border; and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen, the exiled heir of the previous ruling dynasty.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ Each chapter is narrated in the third person limited point of view through the eyes of a single character.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ Beginning with nine POV characters in \"A Game of Thrones\" (1996), the number grows to thirty-one by \"A Dance with Dragons\" (2011)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ An auto mechanic (automotive technician in most of North America, car mechanic in British English, and motor mechanic in Australian English) is a mechanic with a variety of automobile makes or either in a specific area or in a specific make of automobile.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ In repairing cars, their main role is to diagnose the problem accurately and quickly.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ They often have to quote prices for their customers before commencing work or after partial disassembly for inspection.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Their job may involve the repair of a specific part or the replacement of one or more parts as assemblies.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Basic vehicle maintenance is a fundamental part of a mechanic's work in modern industrialized countries while in others they are only consulted when a vehicle is already showing signs of malfunction.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Preventative maintenance is also a fundamental part of a mechanic's job, but this is not possible in the case of vehicles that are not regularly maintained by a mechanic.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ One misunderstood aspect of preventative maintenance is \"scheduled replacement\" of various parts, which occurs before failure to avoid far more expensive damage.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Because this means that parts are replaced before any problem is observed, many vehicle owners will not understand why the expense is necessary.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Pixar franchise \"Cars\", as well as the Disney franchise \"Planes\", which is set in the same fictional universe: Lightning McQueen, often referred to as \"McQueen\", is the main character in \"Cars\" and \"Cars 3\".", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Owen Wilson.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ McQueen is not modeled directly after a specific make and model, although his design contains some elements inspired by the Chevrolet Corvette C6.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ His Corvette lineage is further suggested by the \"retro\" paint scheme he acquires in Radiator Springs, which resembles that of a Corvette C1.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ Mack (voiced by John Ratzenberger) is a 1985 Mack Super-Liner bearing license plate \"RUSTEZ3\".", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ Jiya Jale was a popular Hindi TV serial that aired on 9X channel from 19 November 2007 to 19 June 2008, Monday to Thursday at 8:30 pm IND / 9.00pm UK, based on the concept of love story of Sunaina and Chandan.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show was replaced by Dahhej, another popular show on 9X.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show aired again on 9X in 2009 due to its popularity.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show also aired on Zee Anmol and Zee Lamhee in 2015.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story is based on the life of an ordinary girl Sunaina, who was brought up in a close and caring family.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story takes off when Sunaina has just fallen in the love with the idea of love, when she meets Chandan.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ John J Mellencamp (born October 7, 1951), previously known as Johnny Cougar, John Cougar, and John Cougar Mellencamp, is an American musician, singer-songwriter, painter, and actor.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ He is known for his catchy, populist brand of heartland rock, which emphasizes traditional instrumentation.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ Mellencamp rose to fame in the 1980s while \"honing an almost startlingly plainspoken writing style that, starting in 1982, yielded a string of Top 10 singles\", including \"Hurts So Good\", \"Jack & Diane\", \"Crumblin' Down\", \"Pink Houses\", \"Lonely Ol' Night\", \"Small Town\", \"R.O.C.K.", "John Mellencamp __knowledge__ in the U.S.A.\", \"Paper in Fire\", and \"Cherry Bomb\".", "Automotive Service Excellence __knowledge__ The National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE) is a professional certification group that certifies professionals and shops in the automotive repair and service industry in the United States and parts of Canada.", "Automotive Service Excellence __knowledge__ It is an independent, non-profit organization created in 1972 in response to consumers needing to distinguish between potentially incompetent and competent automotive technicians.", "Automotive Service Excellence __knowledge__ The organization aims to improve the quality of vehicle repair and service through the testing and certification of repair and service professionals.", "Automotive Service Excellence __knowledge__ ASE offers certification tests for automotive professionals through Prometric Test Centers.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The Ford Motor Company (commonly referred to simply as \"Ford\") is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer, Troller, and Australian performance car manufacturer FPV.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ In the past, it has also produced tractors and automotive components.", "Ford Motor Company __knowledge__ Ford owns an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling of China.", "Car __knowledge__ A car (or automobile) is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation.", "Car __knowledge__ Most definitions of \"car\" say they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four tires, and mainly transport people rather than goods.", "Car __knowledge__ Cars came into global use during the 20th century, and developed economies depend on them.", "Car __knowledge__ The year 1886 is regarded as the birth year of the modern car, when German inventor Karl Benz built his Benz Patent-Motorwagen.", "Car __knowledge__ Cars did not become widely available until the early 20th century.", "Car __knowledge__ One of the first cars that was accessible to the masses was the 1908 Model T, an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ This article provides an overview of the automotive industry in countries around the world.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ The United States was the world's largest automobile producer by volume from the early years of the 20th century until the 1980s, when it was overtaken by Japan.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ In 2009, China became the world's largest vehicle producer.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Algeria's automotive industry is among the largest on the African continent (together with South Africa, Egypt and Morocco) and can exceed 500,000 units a year.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Renault is the largest manufacturer with an estimated 25.5 percent of the national car market.", "Automotive industry by country __knowledge__ Other carmakers represented there include Volkswagen (second largest), Peugeot, Hyundai (fifth largest), Nissan, and Fiat.", "TVR __knowledge__ TVR is an independent British manufacturer of high-end sports cars.", "TVR __knowledge__ The company manufactures lightweight sports cars with powerful engines and was, at one time, the third-largest specialised sports car manufacturer in the world, offering a diverse range of coupés and convertibles.", "TVR __knowledge__ The company is planning to bring a range of new cars to market from 2019 with partners Gordon Murray and Cosworth.", "TVR __knowledge__ It will start by introducing the second generation of the Griffith in the market.", "TVR __knowledge__ The abbreviation TVR stems from the name of the company's owner Trevor Wilkinson, his first garage sporting the letters T, V and R. The history of TVR can be divided into several eras, each of which is associated with the company's owner at the start of that period: Trevor Wilkinson (14 May 1923–6 June 2008) was born in Blackpool and left school at 14 to start an engineering apprenticeship at a local garage.", "Apprenticeship __knowledge__ An apprenticeship is a system of training a new generation of practitioners of a trade or profession with on-the-job training and often some accompanying study (classroom work and reading).", "Apprenticeship __knowledge__ Apprenticeship also enables practitioners to gain a license to practice in a regulated profession.", "Apprenticeship __knowledge__ Most of their training is done while working for an employer who helps the apprentices learn their trade or profession, in exchange for their continued labor for an agreed period after they have achieved measurable competencies.", "Apprenticeship __knowledge__ Apprenticeships typically last 3 to 7 years.", "Apprenticeship __knowledge__ People who successfully complete an apprenticeship reach the \"journeyman\" or professional certification level of competence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ An auto mechanic (automotive technician in most of North America, car mechanic in British English, and motor mechanic in Australian English) is a mechanic with a variety of automobile makes or either in a specific area or in a specific make of automobile.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ In repairing cars, their main role is to diagnose the problem accurately and quickly.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ They often have to quote prices for their customers before commencing work or after partial disassembly for inspection.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Their job may involve the repair of a specific part or the replacement of one or more parts as assemblies.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Basic vehicle maintenance is a fundamental part of a mechanic's work in modern industrialized countries while in others they are only consulted when a vehicle is already showing signs of malfunction.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Preventative maintenance is also a fundamental part of a mechanic's job, but this is not possible in the case of vehicles that are not regularly maintained by a mechanic.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ One misunderstood aspect of preventative maintenance is \"scheduled replacement\" of various parts, which occurs before failure to avoid far more expensive damage.", "Auto mechanic __knowledge__ Because this means that parts are replaced before any problem is observed, many vehicle owners will not understand why the expense is necessary.", "Universal Technical Institute __knowledge__ Universal Technical Institute, Inc. (UTI) is a for-profit nationwide provider of technical education training for students seeking careers in entry level automotive, diesel, collision repair, motorcycle and marine technicians.", "Universal Technical Institute __knowledge__ Through a campus-based school system, the school offers specialized technical education programs under the banner of several brands, including Universal Technical Institute (UTI), Motorcycle Mechanics Institute and Marine Mechanics Institute (MMI) and NASCAR Technical Institute (NTI).", "Universal Technical Institute __knowledge__ As of June 30, 2016, UTI had more than 10,000 students.", "Universal Technical Institute __knowledge__ Universal Technical Institute was founded in 1965.", "Ashland Community and Technical College __knowledge__ Ashland Community and Technical College (ACTC), located in Ashland, Kentucky, United States, is one of 16 two-year, open-admissions colleges of the Kentucky Community and Technical College System (KCTCS).", "Ashland Community and Technical College __knowledge__ It was founded in 1938 to allow students the opportunity to obtain associate degrees, certificates and diplomas as well as provide vocational and technical training.", "Ashland Community and Technical College __knowledge__ The courses offered range from Cosmetology, Culinary Arts, business, education, health-related courses, information technology and a range of industrial technology degrees among others.", "Ashland Community and Technical College __knowledge__ In 1936, with the Ashland Independent School District's Board of Education and first term Governor Happy Chandler's support, Ashland Oil and Refining Company founder and CEO Paul G. Blazer and Ashland attorney John T. Diederich, a leading Republican figure in the state, lobbied for the expansion of Kentucky State tax legislation (KRS 165) for municipal colleges and the associated passage of Ashland's local school tax.", "Tashkent Automobile and Road Construction Institute __knowledge__ The Tashkent Automobile and Road Construction Institute was established in Tashkent, Uzbekistan to cover the high demands for professionals in the transportation and automobile field.", "Tashkent Automobile and Road Construction Institute __knowledge__ The Tashkent Automobile and Road Construction Institute (TARCI) is known as the only one and unique institute in Central Asia which focuses on training highly qualified professional engineers on automobile and road construction fields.", "Tashkent Automobile and Road Construction Institute __knowledge__ It was first established during Soviet times by the edict of Uzbek government number 697 on 27 December of the year 1971 and by the edict of \"Ministry of Higher and Secondary Education Affairs\" number 27 on 21 January of the year 1972 under the base of automobile-road faculty at \"Tashkent Poly Technical Institute\".", "Brisbane Central Technical College __knowledge__ Brisbane Central Technical College is a heritage-listed technical college at 2 George Street, Brisbane City, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.", "Brisbane Central Technical College __knowledge__ It was built from 1911 to 1956.", "Brisbane Central Technical College __knowledge__ It is also known as Queensland Institute of Technology (1965-1987), Queensland University of Technology (QUT 1987 to present), and University of Queensland.", "Brisbane Central Technical College __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 27 August 1999.", "Brisbane Central Technical College __knowledge__ The College was founded in 1908, and eventually became the Queensland Institute of Technology.", "Brisbane Central Technical College __knowledge__ While not able to grant bachelor's degrees, the college was able to issue diplomas which gave the recipients the right to \"letters\" after their name.", "Portuguese Armed Forces __knowledge__ The Portuguese Armed Forces () are the military of Portugal.", "Portuguese Armed Forces __knowledge__ They include the General Staff of the Armed Forces, the other unified bodies and the three service branches: Portuguese Navy, Portuguese Army and Portuguese Air Force.", "Portuguese Armed Forces __knowledge__ The President of the Republic is the head of the Portuguese military, with the title of \"Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces\" (\"Comandante Supremo das Forças Armadas\").", "Portuguese Armed Forces __knowledge__ The management of the Armed Forces and the execution of the national defense policy is however done by the government via its Minister of National Defense.", "Portuguese Armed Forces __knowledge__ The highest-ranking officer in the military is the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces, which has operational control of the Armed Forces during peacetime and assumes their full control when a state of war exists.", "Westside High School (South Carolina) __knowledge__ Westside High School is a high school located in Anderson, South Carolina, United States.", "Westside High School (South Carolina) __knowledge__ It serves the west side of Anderson and is one of two high schools in Anderson School District 5.", "Westside High School (South Carolina) __knowledge__ Westside High School is administered by Head Principal Kory Roberts, the third head principal the school has ever had.", "Westside High School (South Carolina) __knowledge__ The previous two were Bowen Wakefield and Henry \"Daddy\" Adair, who both held terms of over 30 years.", "Westside High School (South Carolina) __knowledge__ Roberts took over Westside High as principal on July 1, 2015.", "Westside High School (South Carolina) __knowledge__ His father William was the head football coach at Westside from 1951 to 1979.", "Westside High School (South Carolina) __knowledge__ He also taught at Westside until 1998.", "Westside High School (South Carolina) __knowledge__ Kory's mother taught English there for almost 40 years as well.", "Block A, Rockhampton Technical College __knowledge__ Block A of the Rockhampton Technical College is a heritage-listed technical college building at Bolsover Street, Rockhampton City, Rockhampton, Rockhampton Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Block A, Rockhampton Technical College __knowledge__ It was designed by Thomas Pye and built in 1914.", "Block A, Rockhampton Technical College __knowledge__ It is also known as Rockhampton College of T.A.F.E.", "Block A, Rockhampton Technical College __knowledge__ and Rockhampton State High School and Technical College.", "Block A, Rockhampton Technical College __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.", "Block A, Rockhampton Technical College __knowledge__ The Central Queensland Institute of Technical and Further Education, Rockhampton Campus, in particular \"A\" Block fronting Bolsover Street, is important for its association with the history of education in Rockhampton.", "Clique problem __knowledge__ In computer science, the clique problem is the computational problem of finding cliques (subsets of vertices, all adjacent to each other, also called complete subgraphs) in a graph.", "Clique problem __knowledge__ It has several different formulations depending on which cliques, and what information about the cliques, should be found.", "Clique problem __knowledge__ Common formulations of the clique problem include finding a maximum clique (a clique with the largest possible number of vertices), finding a maximum weight clique in a weighted graph, listing all maximal cliques (cliques that cannot be enlarged), and solving the decision problem of testing whether a graph contains a clique larger than a given size.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Creativity __knowledge__ Creativity is a phenomenon whereby something new and somehow valuable is formed.", "Creativity __knowledge__ The created item may be intangible (such as an idea, a scientific theory, a musical composition, or a joke) or a physical object (such as an invention, a literary work, or a painting).", "Creativity __knowledge__ Scholarly interest in creativity involves many definitions and concepts pertaining to a number of disciplines: engineering, psychology, cognitive science, education, philosophy (particularly philosophy of science), technology, theology, sociology, linguistics, business studies, songwriting, and economics, covering the relations between creativity and general intelligence, mental and neurological processes, personality type and creative ability, creativity and mental health; the potential for fostering creativity through education and training, especially as augmented by technology; the maximization of creativity for national economic benefit, and the application of creative resources to improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning." ] ]

[ 0, 1, 2, 5 ]

[ "No but I have a close friend who does", "Yes they have they are called auto mechanic (automotive technician in most of North America, car mechanic in British English, and motor mechanic in Australian ", "Wow, their main role is to diagnose the problem accurately and quickly.", "Wow, Basic vehicle maintenance is a fundamental part of a mechanic's work in modern industrialized countries" ]

[ "Auto mechanic", "Auto mechanic", "Auto mechanic", "Auto mechanic" ]

[ "Cruise ship\nI have never been on a cruise ship, and always wonder what it's like.", "I'm torn. I hear great things about them from my friends, but I see all these stories on the news about people getting sick or thrown overboard!", "All my friends have made it back and lived to tell about it. However, my neighbor almost died due to some sickness from one!", "I don't think I could work at sea, but I have thought about being a flight attendant. That's probably similar." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ The cruise ship industry is a significant and growing contributor to the United States economy, providing more than $32 billion in benefits annually and generating more than 330,000 U.S. jobs, but also making the environmental impacts of its activities an issue to many.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Although cruise ships represent a small fraction of the entire shipping industry worldwide, public attention to their environmental impacts comes in part from the fact that cruise ships are highly visible and in part because of the industry’s desire to promote a positive image.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Cruise ships carrying several thousand passengers and crew have been compared to “floating cities,” and the volume of wastes that they produce is comparably large, consisting of sewage; wastewater from sinks, showers, and galleys (graywater); hazardous wastes; solid waste; oily bilge water; ballast water; and air pollution.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ Delicious is a series of time management casual games that is developed by Zylom Studios and later on by Gamehouse Studios.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ From the 7th game onwards, the games are developed by Gamehouse Studios and Blue Giraffe.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ The games tell the story of Emily, a waitress who aspires to one day run her own restaurant, and who works in several other restaurants in order to earn the money to eventually make her dream come true.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ After releasing the first 3 games of the series, Zylom decided to \"renew\" the series by adding some factors to it to make Emily's world more memorable and natural.", "Delicious (game series) __knowledge__ As a result of this, from the fourth game onwards, the series received high appreciation and reviews from casual game critics and gamers, such as Gamezebo, who gave the seventh game, \"Emily's True Love\", a maximum 5/5 star overall review.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ The SS \"France\" was a Compagnie Générale Transatlantique (CGT, or French Line) ocean liner, constructed by the Chantiers de l'Atlantique shipyard at Saint-Nazaire, France, and put into service in February 1962.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ At the time of her construction in 1960, the vessel was the longest passenger ship ever built, a record that remained unchallenged until the construction of the in 2004.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ \"France\" was later purchased by Norwegian Cruise Line (NCL) in 1979, renamed SS \"Norway\" and underwent significant modifications that better suited her for cruising duties.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ She was sold to be scrapped in 2006, and scrapping was completed in late 2008.", "MS Golden Princess __knowledge__ MS \"Golden Princess was a casino cruise ship owned by Eurasia International, operated on short casino cruises out of Hong Kong.", "MS Golden Princess __knowledge__ She was built in 1967 by the Wärtsilä Hietalahti shipyard in Helsinki, Finland as Finlandia for the Finland Steamship Company.", "MS Golden Princess __knowledge__ In 1975 she was sold to Finnlines, who converted her into the cruise ship Finnstar in 1978.", "MS Golden Princess __knowledge__ In 1982 she entered service for Pearl Cruises as Pearl of Scandinavia.", "MS Golden Princess __knowledge__ In 1988 she was renamed Ocean Pearl.", "MS Golden Princess __knowledge__ In 1994 she entered service with Croisières Paquet as Pearl.", "MS Golden Princess __knowledge__ Between 1995 and 1998 she sailed for Costa Cruises as Costa Playa.", "MS Golden Princess __knowledge__ In 1998-1999 she sailed as Oriental Pearl for Mega Wave International, and in 1999-2000 as Joy Wave for Costa Cruises.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ RMS \"Andes\" was a steam turbine Royal Mail Ship, ocean liner, cruise ship, and the flagship of the Royal Mail Lines fleet.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ She was the second Royal Mail ship to be named after the South American Andes mountain range.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ The first RMS \"Andes\" was an A-class liner .", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ In 1929 that RMS \"Andes\" was converted into a cruise ship and renamed \"Atlantis\".", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ The second \"Andes\" was built in Belfast in 1937–39 and completed at the outbreak of the Second World War.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ The Admiralty almost immediately requisitioned her as a troop ship and had her converted to carry about 4,000 troops.", "RMS Andes (1939) __knowledge__ In troop service she broke three speed records for long-distance voyages.", "Speed 2: Cruise Control __knowledge__ Speed 2: Cruise Control is a 1997 American action thriller film produced and directed by Jan de Bont, and written by Randall McCormick and Jeff Nathanson.", "Speed 2: Cruise Control __knowledge__ It is a sequel to \"Speed\" (1994), based on a story developed by De Bont and McCormick.", "Speed 2: Cruise Control __knowledge__ The film stars Jason Patric, Willem Dafoe, and Sandra Bullock—the last reprising her role from \"Speed\".", "Speed 2: Cruise Control __knowledge__ The film was released by 20th Century Fox on June 13, 1997.", "Speed 2: Cruise Control __knowledge__ \"Cruise Control\" follows couple Annie (Bullock) and Alex (Patric) vacationing in the Caribbean aboard a luxury cruise ship, hijacked by a villain named Geiger (Dafoe).", "Speed 2: Cruise Control __knowledge__ As they are trapped aboard the ship, Annie and Alex work with the ship's first officer to try to stop it after they discover it is programmed to crash into an oil tanker." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Six Men Getting Sick (Six Times) __knowledge__ Six Men Getting Sick (Six Times) (sometimes known as Six Figures Getting Sick) is a 1967 experimental animated short film, directed by David Lynch.", "Six Men Getting Sick (Six Times) __knowledge__ A student project that was developed over the course of a semester, it is Lynch's first film and was shot while he was attending the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Six Men Getting Sick (Six Times) __knowledge__ The film consists of an animated painting, depicting six dysmorphic figures regurgitating in sequence with the sound of a siren loop.", "Six Men Getting Sick (Six Times) __knowledge__ The film was created on a budget of $200 and upon its screening it was well received by Lynch's peers, earning the Dr. William S. Biddle Cadwalader Memorial Prize at the school's experimental-painting-and-sculpture contest.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: An agent who tells Mr Tawny he can make a great singer out of him.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Though his voice is terrible, people will want to see a singing tiger.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Billy tells him not to be forced into something he does not want, and when Hooey tries to stop him he transforms and tries to throw him out.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ But Hal flatters Tawny, making him sign the contract.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Cap criticises him, Hal claims he is jealous.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ A Gala party is arranged to celebrate this next day, but Hal drops the invitation to Captain Marvel into the bin as he wants their friendship to break up.", "HMS Endeavour __knowledge__ HMS \"Endeavour, also known as HM Bark \"Endeavour, was a British Royal Navy research vessel that Lieutenant James Cook commanded on his first voyage of discovery, to Australia and New Zealand, from 1769 to 1771.", "HMS Endeavour __knowledge__ She was launched in 1764 as the collier \"Earl of Pembroke\", and the navy purchased her in 1768 for a scientific mission to the Pacific Ocean and to explore the seas for the surmised \"Terra Australis Incognita\" or \"unknown southern land\".", "HMS Endeavour __knowledge__ The navy renamed and commissioned her as \"His Majesty's Bark the Endeavour\".", "HMS Endeavour __knowledge__ She departed Plymouth in August 1768, rounded Cape Horn, and reached Tahiti in time to observe the 1769 transit of Venus across the Sun.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ The cruise ship industry is a significant and growing contributor to the United States economy, providing more than $32 billion in benefits annually and generating more than 330,000 U.S. jobs, but also making the environmental impacts of its activities an issue to many.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Although cruise ships represent a small fraction of the entire shipping industry worldwide, public attention to their environmental impacts comes in part from the fact that cruise ships are highly visible and in part because of the industry’s desire to promote a positive image.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Cruise ships carrying several thousand passengers and crew have been compared to “floating cities,” and the volume of wastes that they produce is comparably large, consisting of sewage; wastewater from sinks, showers, and galleys (graywater); hazardous wastes; solid waste; oily bilge water; ballast water; and air pollution.", "Venice __knowledge__ Venice ( ; , ; , ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.", "Venice __knowledge__ It is situated across a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by bridges, of which there are 400.", "Venice __knowledge__ The islands are located in the shallow Venetian Lagoon, an enclosed bay that lies between the mouths of the Po and the Piave Rivers.", "Venice __knowledge__ Parts of Venice are renowned for the beauty of their settings, their architecture, and artwork.", "Venice __knowledge__ The lagoon and a part of the city are listed as a World Heritage Site.", "Venice __knowledge__ In 2014, 264,579 people resided in \"Comune di Venezia\", of whom around 55,000 live in the historic city of Venice (\"Centro storico\").", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ The environmental impact of shipping includes greenhouse gas emissions, acoustic, and oil pollution.", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ The International Maritime Organization (IMO) estimates that Carbon dioxide emissions from shipping were equal to 2.2% of the global human-made emissions in 2012 and expects them to rise 50 to 250 percent by 2050 if no action is taken.", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ The First Intersessional Meeting of the IMO Working Group on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ships took place in Oslo, Norway on 23–27 June 2008.", "Environmental impact of shipping __knowledge__ It was tasked with developing the technical basis for the reduction mechanisms that may form part of a future IMO regime to control greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping, and a draft of the actual reduction mechanisms themselves, for further consideration by IMO's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC).", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ A passenger ship is a merchant ship whose primary function is to carry passengers on the sea.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ The category does not include cargo vessels which have accommodations for limited numbers of passengers, such as the ubiquitous twelve-passenger freighters once common on the seas in which the transport of passengers is secondary to the carriage of freight.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ The type does however include many classes of ships designed to transport substantial numbers of passengers as well as freight.", "Passenger ship __knowledge__ Indeed, until recently virtually all ocean liners were able to transport mail, package freight and express, and other cargo in addition to passenger luggage, and were equipped with cargo holds and derricks, kingposts, or other cargo-handling gear for that purpose.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ Royal Caribbean International is a cruise line brand founded in Norway and based in Miami, Florida, United States.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ It is owned by Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. , the line is operating 24 ships, has six additional ships on order, and controls 21.9 percent of the cruise market worldwide.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ All ships under the Royal Caribbean International brand have names ending with \"of the Seas\" (e.g. )", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ a practice which began in 1991.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ Royal Caribbean International was founded as Royal Caribbean Cruise Line in 1968 by three Norwegian shipping companies: Anders Wilhelmsen & Company, I.M.", "Royal Caribbean International __knowledge__ Skaugen & Company, and Gotaas Larsen.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ The Queen Elizabeth 2, often referred to simply as QE2, is a retired ocean liner built for the Cunard Line which was operated by Cunard as both a transatlantic liner and a cruise ship from 1969 to 2008.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ She was designed for the transatlantic service from her home port of Southampton, UK, to New York, and was named after the earlier Cunard liner .", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ She served as the flagship of the line from 1969 until succeeded by in 2004.", "Queen Elizabeth 2 __knowledge__ Designed in Cunard's then headquarters and regional offices in Liverpool and Southampton respectively, and built in Clydebank, Scotland, \"QE2\" was considered the last of the great transatlantic ocean liners until \"Queen Mary 2\" entered service." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "One-time pad __knowledge__ In cryptography, the one-time pad (OTP) is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked, but requires the use of a one-time pre-shared key the same size as, or longer than, the message being sent.", "One-time pad __knowledge__ In this technique, a plaintext is paired with a random secret key (also referred to as \"a one-time pad\").", "One-time pad __knowledge__ Then, each bit or character of the plaintext is encrypted by combining it with the corresponding bit or character from the pad using modular addition.", "One-time pad __knowledge__ If the key is truly random, is at least as long as the plaintext, is never reused in whole or in part, and is kept completely secret, then the resulting ciphertext will be impossible to decrypt or break.", "Squanto __knowledge__ Tisquantum (; 1585 (±10 years ?)", "Squanto __knowledge__ – late November 1622 o.s.", "Squanto __knowledge__ ), more commonly known by the diminutive variant Squanto, was a member of the Patuxet tribe best known for being an early liaison between the native populations in Southern New England and the \"Mayflower\" settlers, who made their settlement at the site of Squanto's former summer village.", "Squanto __knowledge__ The Patuxet tribe had lived on the western coast of Cape Cod Bay, but they were wiped out by an epidemic infection.", "Squanto __knowledge__ Squanto was the last of the tribe, and he acted as a translator, guide, and advisor while he lived with the Pilgrims for 20 months.", "Squanto __knowledge__ He showed them how to sow and fertilize native crops, and this proved to be a boon when the seeds brought largely failed which had been brought from England.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica is the daughter of Janice and Bobby Baccalieri.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She was born sometime in 2005, after her parents got married.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Getting her registered for a pre-school was the reason why Janice and Bobby were not able to take care of Junior the night he shot Tony.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ Domenica rode the amusement ride with her mother at the Feast of St. Elzéar when it broke.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ She longed for another ride and Tony later spun her around at the feast, to her joy.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ That year, Janice took Domenica to Satriale's Pork Store to demand that Tony make Bobby a capo.", "List of The Sopranos characters – Friends and family __knowledge__ In 2007, Domenica played at the house near the lake when Tony, Carmela, Bobby, and Janice celebrated Tony's birthday.", "List of Two and a Half Men characters __knowledge__ The American sitcom \"Two and a Half Men\", created and executive produced by Chuck Lorre and Lee Aronsohn, premiered on CBS on September 22, 2003.", "List of Two and a Half Men characters __knowledge__ The show initially centers on seven characters: brothers Charlie and Alan Harper; Jake Harper, the dimwitted son of Alan and his first ex-wife; Judith Harper-Melnick, Alan's first ex-wife, Herb's ex-wife, and Jake and Milly's mother; Rose, one of Charlie's previous one night stands who continuously stalks him; Evelyn Harper, Charlie and Alan's wealthy, five time widowed, bisexual mother, and Jake's grandmother; and last of all, Berta, Charlie's sharp-tongued housekeeper, who later joins the main cast starting with season two after playing a major recurring role throughout the first season.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ The cruise ship industry is a significant and growing contributor to the United States economy, providing more than $32 billion in benefits annually and generating more than 330,000 U.S. jobs, but also making the environmental impacts of its activities an issue to many.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Although cruise ships represent a small fraction of the entire shipping industry worldwide, public attention to their environmental impacts comes in part from the fact that cruise ships are highly visible and in part because of the industry’s desire to promote a positive image.", "Cruise ship pollution in the United States __knowledge__ Cruise ships carrying several thousand passengers and crew have been compared to “floating cities,” and the volume of wastes that they produce is comparably large, consisting of sewage; wastewater from sinks, showers, and galleys (graywater); hazardous wastes; solid waste; oily bilge water; ballast water; and air pollution.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ The SS \"France\" was a Compagnie Générale Transatlantique (CGT, or French Line) ocean liner, constructed by the Chantiers de l'Atlantique shipyard at Saint-Nazaire, France, and put into service in February 1962.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ At the time of her construction in 1960, the vessel was the longest passenger ship ever built, a record that remained unchallenged until the construction of the in 2004.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ \"France\" was later purchased by Norwegian Cruise Line (NCL) in 1979, renamed SS \"Norway\" and underwent significant modifications that better suited her for cruising duties.", "SS France (1961) __knowledge__ She was sold to be scrapped in 2006, and scrapping was completed in late 2008.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Landry & Kling __knowledge__ Landry & Kling Inc. is an American company specializing in group cruise travel based in Miami, Florida.", "Landry & Kling __knowledge__ They promote and sell the concept of using cruise ships for corporate meetings, travel incentives and large scale events, often chartering entire ships for this purpose.", "Landry & Kling __knowledge__ Landry & Kling employs a full-time staff of ten, with additional project staff as needed.", "Landry & Kling __knowledge__ In 2014, the company booked $59 million in gross sales, representing 480,000 cruise ship passenger nights.", "Landry & Kling __knowledge__ Landry & Kling Inc. was founded in New York City in 1982 by former cruise line executives Joyce Landry and Jo Kling, who shared a vision to become the first resource for business meetings on ships.", "Cruise Confidential __knowledge__ Cruise Confidential is the first book in the eponymous series by author Brian David Bruns, published in 2008 by Traveler’s Tales (a division of Solas House).", "Cruise Confidential __knowledge__ Its full title is \"Cruise Confidential: A Hit Below the Waterline: Where the Crew Lives, Eats, Wars, and Parties\".", "Cruise Confidential __knowledge__ \"Cruise Confidential\" provoked a discussion about the merits of cruise lines’ exploitation of workers.", "Cruise Confidential __knowledge__ The book has received much criticism for its revealing of cruise ship employees’ excesses, from both inside and out of the cruise industry.", "Cruise Confidential __knowledge__ This debate was featured by ABC's \"20/20\" on two separate occasions in a special called Cruise Ship Confidential, where Bruns was interviewed on the subject of labor law violations and reckless crew behavior.", "Gary Bannerman __knowledge__ Gary William Bannerman (May 23, 1947 – July 11, 2011) was a broadcaster, writer and corporate communications consultant based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, and the author of several books.", "Gary Bannerman __knowledge__ From 1973 until 1988 on Western Canada's largest radio station, CKNW, he hosted the dominant public affairs radio program in British Columbia, a three-hour network forum each weekday consisting of news, investigative reporting, celebrity interviews and open-line audience participation.", "Gary Bannerman __knowledge__ His books focused on history, passenger shipping and, most recently, wasteful spending in the health care industry." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ A cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are a part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way, i.e., ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Transportation is not the only purpose of cruising, particularly on cruises that return passengers to their originating port (also known as a \"closed-loop cruise\"), with the ports of call usually in a specified region of a continent.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ There are even \"cruises to nowhere\" or \"nowhere voyages\" where the ship makes 2–3 night round trips without any ports of call.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ By contrast, dedicated transport oriented ocean liners do \"line voyages\" and typically transport passengers from one point to another, rather than on round trips.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Traditionally, a liner for the transoceanic trade will be built to a higher standard than a typical cruise ship, including higher freeboard and stronger plating to withstand rough seas and adverse conditions encountered in the open ocean, such as the North Atlantic.", "Cruise ship __knowledge__ Ocean liners also usually have larger capacities for fuel, food, and other stores for consumption on long voyages, compared to dedicated cruise ships, but they no longer exist with the exception of some preserved liners and \"Queen Mary 2\" when on scheduled North Atlantic voyages.", "Flight attendant __knowledge__ Flight attendants or cabin crew (also known as stewards/stewardesses, air hosts/hostesses, cabin attendants) are members of an aircrew employed by airlines primarily to ensure the safety and comfort of passengers aboard commercial flights, on select business jet aircraft, and on some military aircraft.", "Flight attendant __knowledge__ The role of a flight attendant derives from that of similar positions on passenger ships or passenger trains, but it has more direct involvement with passengers because of the confined quarters on aircraft.", "Flight attendant __knowledge__ Additionally, the job of a flight attendant revolves around safety to a much greater extent than those of similar staff on other forms of transportation.", "Nut rage incident __knowledge__ The nut rage incident, also referred to as nutgate (, \"\"), was an air rage incident that occurred on December 5, 2014, at John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City.", "Nut rage incident __knowledge__ Korean Air vice president Heather Cho, dissatisfied with the way a flight attendant served her nuts on the plane, ordered the aircraft to return to the gate before takeoff.", "Nut rage incident __knowledge__ First-class passengers, including Cho, were given nuts bagged in their original packaging (in conformity with the airline's procedures); Cho had expected them to be served on a plate in first class.", "Nut rage incident __knowledge__ Cho questioned the cabin crew chief about the standard procedure of serving the nuts.", "Air France Flight 8969 __knowledge__ Air France Flight 8969 was an Air France flight that was hijacked on 24 December 1994 by the Armed Islamic Group (AIG) at Houari Boumedienne Airport, Algiers, Algeria, where the terrorists murdered three passengers, with the intention to blow up the plane over the Eiffel Tower in Paris.", "Air France Flight 8969 __knowledge__ When the aircraft reached Marseille, the GIGN, a counter-terror unit of the French National Gendarmerie, stormed the plane and killed all four hijackers.", "Air France Flight 8969 __knowledge__ Algeria was in a state of civil war at the time of the hijacking.", "Air France Flight 8969 __knowledge__ Aircraft flying to Algiers faced the possibility of missile attacks.", "Air France Flight 8969 __knowledge__ As a result, Air France's flights to Algiers had crews entirely made of people who volunteered for the route.", "United Airlines Flight 93 __knowledge__ United Airlines Flight 93 was a domestic scheduled passenger flight that was hijacked by four Al-Qaeda terrorists on board, as part of the September 11 attacks.", "United Airlines Flight 93 __knowledge__ It crashed into a field in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, during an attempt by the passengers and crew to regain control.", "United Airlines Flight 93 __knowledge__ All 44 people aboard were killed, including the four hijackers, but no one on the ground was injured.", "United Airlines Flight 93 __knowledge__ The aircraft involved, a Boeing 757–222, was flying United Airlines' daily scheduled morning flight from Newark International Airport in New Jersey to San Francisco International Airport in California.", "United Airlines Flight 93 __knowledge__ The hijackers stormed the aircraft's cockpit approximately 46 minutes after takeoff.", "D. B. Cooper __knowledge__ D. B. Cooper is a media epithet popularly used to refer to an unidentified man who hijacked a Boeing 727 aircraft in the airspace between Portland, Oregon, and Seattle, Washington, on November 24, 1971.", "D. B. Cooper __knowledge__ He extorted $200,000 in ransom () and parachuted to an uncertain fate.", "D. B. Cooper __knowledge__ Despite an extensive manhunt and protracted FBI investigation, the perpetrator has never been located or identified.", "D. B. Cooper __knowledge__ The case remains the only unsolved air piracy in commercial aviation history.", "D. B. Cooper __knowledge__ While available evidence and a preponderance of expert opinion suggested from the beginning that Cooper probably did not survive his high-risk jump, the FBI nevertheless maintained an active investigation for 45 years following the hijacking.", "Timeline for the day of the September 11 attacks __knowledge__ The September 11 attacks of 2001, in addition to being a unique act of terrorism, constituted a media event on a scale not seen since the advent of civilian global satellite links, round-the-clock television news organizations and the instant worldwide reaction and debate made possible by the Internet.", "Timeline for the day of the September 11 attacks __knowledge__ As a result, most of the events listed below were known by a large portion of the planet's population as they occurred.", "Timeline for the day of the September 11 attacks __knowledge__ All times given are in Eastern Daylight Time (EDT), or .", "Timeline for the day of the September 11 attacks __knowledge__ 7:59 a.m.: American Airlines Flight 11, a Boeing 767 carrying 81 passengers and 11 crew members, departs 14 minutes late from Logan International Airport in Boston, bound for Los Angeles International Airport.", "Vesna Vulović __knowledge__ Vesna Vulović (; ; 3 January 1950 23 December 2016) was a Serbian flight attendant.", "Vesna Vulović __knowledge__ She holds the Guinness world record for surviving the highest fall without a parachute: .", "Vesna Vulović __knowledge__ Her fall took place after an explosion tore through the baggage compartment of JAT Flight 367 on 26 January 1972, causing it to crash near Srbská Kamenice, Czechoslovakia.", "Vesna Vulović __knowledge__ She was the sole survivor of the crash, which air safety investigators attributed to a briefcase bomb.", "Vesna Vulović __knowledge__ The Yugoslav authorities suspected that Croatian nationalists were to blame, but no one was ever arrested.", "Vesna Vulović __knowledge__ Vulović was in a coma for ten days after the crash and spent several months in the hospital recovering.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Causes of Unemployment in the United States discusses the causes of U.S. unemployment and strategies for reducing it.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Job creation and unemployment are affected by factors such as economic conditions, global competition, education, automation, and demographics.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ These factors can affect the number of workers, the duration of unemployment, and wage levels.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ There are a variety of domestic, foreign, market and government factors that impact unemployment in the United States.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ These may be characterized as cyclical (related to the business cycle) or structural (related to underlying economic characteristics) and include, among others: There are many domestic factors affecting the U.S. labor force and employment levels.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Unemployment in the United States discusses the causes and measures of U.S. unemployment and strategies for reducing it.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Job creation and unemployment are affected by factors such as economic conditions, global competition, education, automation, and demographics.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ These factors can affect the number of workers, the duration of unemployment, and wage levels.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Unemployment generally falls during periods of economic prosperity and rises during recessions, creating significant pressure on public finances as tax revenue falls and social safety net costs increase.", "Unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Political positions of Donald Trump __knowledge__ The policy positions of United States President Donald Trump have elements from across the political spectrum.", "Political positions of Donald Trump __knowledge__ For example, he has proposed sizable income tax cuts and deregulation consistent with conservative (Republican Party) policies, along with significant infrastructure investment and protection for entitlements for the elderly, typically considered liberal (Democratic Party) policies.", "Political positions of Donald Trump __knowledge__ His anti-globalization policies of trade protectionism and immigration reduction cross party lines.", "Political positions of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump has said that he is \"totally flexible on very, very many issues.\"", "Political positions of Donald Trump __knowledge__ Trump's \"signature issue\" is immigration, especially illegal immigration, and in particular building or expanding a border wall between the U.S. and Mexico.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\"." ] ]

[ 1, 0, 51, 0 ]

[ "Hey, what are your views on Cruise Ships?", "Jesus, you serious? Haha! Have you lost friends to the Cruise industry?", "Man that's pretty bad. It does generate a lot of jobs though, 330,000 U.S jobs actually. Ever thought about working on one?", "That'd be cool. I'm always hung up on things that carry alot of people for terrorism reasons. I just think they're obvious targets for people who are sick in the head these days." ]

[ "Cruise ship", "Cruise ship", "Cruise ship", "Cruise ship" ]

[ "Swimming\nAre you a big fan of swimming? Years ago I used to compete as a freestyle swimmer", "I did distance swims. 1k meter was my best event since I had good stamina. I never did get into relies though.", "I'm land locked so for long swims I perfer lakes. It's such a great work out for all the body’s main muscles.", "Yes, I actually have a pool but I dislike the endless circling when I want a good workout. Since I like in the mountains the lakes are rather nice.", "I was just up near the great lakes a couple months ago for the 1st time. They looked amazing. All the ones near me can't even come close to the smallest one up there." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ Ian James Thorpe, (born 13 October 1982) is a retired Australian swimmer who specialised in freestyle, but also competed in backstroke and the individual medley.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ He has won five Olympic gold medals, the most won by any Australian, and with three gold and two silver medals, was the most successful athlete at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ At the 2001 World Aquatics Championships, he became the first person to win six gold medals in one World Championship.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ In total, Thorpe has won eleven World Championship golds, the third-highest number of any swimmer.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ Thorpe was the first person to have been named \"Swimming World\" Swimmer of the Year four times, and was the Australian Swimmer of the Year from 1999 to 2003.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Michael Fred Phelps II (born June 30, 1985) is an American retired competitive swimmer and the most successful and most decorated Olympian of all time, with a total of 28 medals.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Phelps also holds the all-time records for Olympic gold medals (23), Olympic gold medals in individual events (13), and Olympic medals in individual events (16).", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ When he won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Games, Phelps broke fellow American swimmer Mark Spitz's 1972 record of seven first-place finishes at any single Olympic Games.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Phelps had already tied the record of eight medals of any color at a single Games by winning six gold and two bronze medals.", "Neil Brooks __knowledge__ Neil Brooks (born 27 July 1962) is an Australian former sprint freestyle swimmer best known for winning the 4 × 100 m medley relay at the 1980 Olympics in Moscow as part of the \"Quietly Confident Quartet\".", "Neil Brooks __knowledge__ Brooks was as much known for his swimming achievements as he was for disciplinary incidents.", "Neil Brooks __knowledge__ He often found himself in conflict with officialdom and threatened with sanctions.", "Neil Brooks __knowledge__ His international career ended when he was suspended for drinking 46 cans of beer on the return flight to Australia after the 1986 Commonwealth Games.", "Neil Brooks __knowledge__ In retirement, he became a news presenter and sports commentator, but was fired amid alcohol problems.", "César Cielo __knowledge__ César Augusto Cielo Filho (, born 10 January 1987) is a Brazilian competitive swimmer who specializes in sprint events.", "César Cielo __knowledge__ He is the most successful Brazilian swimmer in history, having obtained three Olympic medals, winning six individual World Championship gold medals and breaking two world records.", "César Cielo __knowledge__ Cielo is the current world record holder in the 100-metre and 50-metre freestyle (long course).", "César Cielo __knowledge__ His gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics, in the 50-metre freestyle competition, is Brazil's only Olympic gold in swimming to date.", "César Cielo __knowledge__ In 2008, he broke the NCAA record in the freestyle (18.47 seconds) and in the freestyle (40.92 seconds).", "Sun Yang __knowledge__ Sun Yang (; ; born 1 December 1991) is a Chinese Olympic and world-record-holding competitive swimmer.", "Sun Yang __knowledge__ In 2012, he became the first Chinese man to win an Olympic gold medal in swimming.", "Sun Yang __knowledge__ Sun is the first male swimmer in history to earn Olympic and World Championship gold medals at every freestyle distance from 200 metres to 1500 metres.", "Sun Yang __knowledge__ A three-time Olympic gold medalist and nine-time world champion, he is also the most decorated Chinese swimmer in history.", "Sun Yang __knowledge__ \"NBC Sports\" described Sun as \"very arguably the greatest freestyle swimmer of all time.\"", "Sun Yang __knowledge__ Sun competed for China at the 2008 Summer Olympics.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Swimming is an individual or team sport that uses arms and legs to move the body through water.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ The sport takes place in pools or open water (e.g., in a sea or lake).", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Competitive swimming is one of the most popular Olympic sports, with varied distance events in butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, freestyle, and individual medley.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ In addition to these individual events, four swimmers can take part in either a freestyle or medley relay.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Swimming each stroke requires specific techniques, and in competition, there are specific regulations concerning the acceptable form for different strokes.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ There are also regulations on what types of swimsuits, caps, jewelry and injury tape are allowed at competitions.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ Ryan Steven Lochte (, ; born August 3, 1984) is an American competitive swimmer, a 12-time Olympic medalist (six gold, three silver, three bronze), which ranks him second in swimming behind Michael Phelps.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ His seven individual Olympic medals rank near the top in men's swimming.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ As part of the American teams, he holds the world record in the 4×200-meter freestyle (long course) and 4x100-meter freestyle (mixed) relay.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ Individually, he currently holds the world record in the 200-meter individual medley (long and short course) and 400-meter individual medley (short course).", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ Lochte's success has earned him SwimSwam's Swammy Award for US Male Swimmer of the Year in 2013, the World Swimmer of the Year Award and the American Swimmer of the Year Award twice." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Mohieddin Fikini __knowledge__ Mohieddin Fikini (; 10 March 1925 – 1994), last name also spelled Fekini, was the Prime Minister of Libya from 19 March 1963 to 22 January 1964.", "Mohieddin Fikini __knowledge__ He was also the Minister of foreign affairs from 19 March 1963 to 22 January 1964.", "Mohieddin Fikini __knowledge__ Mohieddin Fikini is a descendant of Rajban tribe in Djebel Nefusa, Tripolitania.", "Mohieddin Fikini __knowledge__ His father, Mohammed ben Khalifa Fikini, was one the leaders of resistance against the Italian invasion of Libya in 1911.", "Mohieddin Fikini __knowledge__ In 1923, after the collapse of the resistance against the Italians (partially because of Mohammed Fikini's failure along with other leaders to unify their efforts against the invaders), Mohammed Fikini left Tripolitania for Fezzan along with his family.", "Long-distance swimming __knowledge__ Long-distance swimming is distinguished from ordinary swimming in that the distances involved are longer than are typically swum in pool competitions.", "Long-distance swimming __knowledge__ When a given swim calls more on endurance than on outright speed, it is the more likely to be considered a long-distance swim.", "Long-distance swimming __knowledge__ Long-distance swims, however, may take place in pools, such as ultra-long distances swum in 1997 by Grant Robinson and Kelly Driffield (24 hour swims of a 50 m-long pool, approx 100 km).", "Long-distance swimming __knowledge__ Some of the better-known long-distance swims are crossings of the English Channel, Catalina Channel, Fehmarn Belt and Cook Strait.", "Long-distance swimming __knowledge__ Ultra-long distance swimming is sometimes referred to as marathon swimming.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Michael Fred Phelps II (born June 30, 1985) is an American retired competitive swimmer and the most successful and most decorated Olympian of all time, with a total of 28 medals.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Phelps also holds the all-time records for Olympic gold medals (23), Olympic gold medals in individual events (13), and Olympic medals in individual events (16).", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ When he won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Games, Phelps broke fellow American swimmer Mark Spitz's 1972 record of seven first-place finishes at any single Olympic Games.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Phelps had already tied the record of eight medals of any color at a single Games by winning six gold and two bronze medals.", "Association football positions __knowledge__ In the sport of association football, each of the 11 players on a team is assigned to a particular position on the field of play.", "Association football positions __knowledge__ A team is made up of one goalkeeper and ten outfield players who fill various defensive, midfield, and attacking positions depending on the formation deployed.", "Association football positions __knowledge__ These positions describe both the player's main role and their area of operation on the pitch.", "Association football positions __knowledge__ In the early development of the game, formations were much more offensively aggressive, with the 1–2–7 being prominent in the late 1800s.", "Association football positions __knowledge__ In the latter part of the 19th century, the 2–3–5 formation became widely used and the position names became more refined to reflect this.", "Polar bear __knowledge__ The polar bear (\"Ursus maritimus\") is a carnivorous bear whose native range lies largely within the Arctic Circle, encompassing the Arctic Ocean, its surrounding seas and surrounding land masses.", "Polar bear __knowledge__ It is a large bear, approximately the same size as the omnivorous Kodiak bear (\"Ursus arctos middendorffi\").", "Polar bear __knowledge__ A boar (adult male) weighs around , while a sow (adult female) is about half that size.", "Polar bear __knowledge__ Although it is the sister species of the brown bear, it has evolved to occupy a narrower ecological niche, with many body characteristics adapted for cold temperatures, for moving across snow, ice and open water, and for hunting seals, which make up most of its diet.", "1943 college football season __knowledge__ The 1943 NCAA football season concluded with the Fighting Irish of Notre Dame crowned as the nation’s #1 team by a majority of the voters in the AP Poll, followed by the Iowa Pre-Flight Seahawks as the runner-up.", "1943 college football season __knowledge__ For the third time in the history of the AP Poll, a team that had lost a game was named mythical national champion; (Minnesota 1936 and Ohio State 1942).", "1943 college football season __knowledge__ Notre Dame lost its final game of the season, a Chicago contest against the Great Lakes Naval Training Center.", "1943 college football season __knowledge__ Along the way, however, the Fighting Irish had played one of the toughest college schedules ever, beating two #2 ranked teams (Michigan and Iowa Pre-Flight) and two #3 ranked teams (Navy and Army).", "ANTIC __knowledge__ Alphanumeric Television Interface Controller (ANTIC) is a LSI ASIC dedicated to generating 2D computer graphics to be shown on a television screen or computer display.", "ANTIC __knowledge__ Under the direction of Jay Miner, the chip was designed in 1977-1978 by Joe Decuir, Francois Michel, and Steve Smith for Atari 8-bit computers released in 1979 and was patented by Atari, Inc. in 1981.", "ANTIC __knowledge__ ANTIC is also used in the Atari 5200 video game system release in 1982.", "ANTIC __knowledge__ ANTIC is responsible for the generation of playfield graphics which is delivered as a datastream to the related CTIA/GTIA chip.", "ANTIC __knowledge__ The CTIA/GTIA provides the coloring of the playfield graphics, and is responsible for adding separately moveable, overlay graphics, that is, sprites also known as \"Player/Missile graphics\" on the Atari.", "Relay __knowledge__ A relay is an electrically operated switch.", "Relay __knowledge__ Many relays use an electromagnet to mechanically operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as solid-state relays.", "Relay __knowledge__ Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a separate low-power signal, or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal.", "Relay __knowledge__ The first relays were used in long distance telegraph circuits as amplifiers: they repeated the signal coming in from one circuit and re-transmitted it on another circuit.", "Relay __knowledge__ Relays were used extensively in telephone exchanges and early computers to perform logical operations.", "Jamaica at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ Jamaica sent a delegation to compete at the 2008 Summer Olympics, held in Beijing, People's Republic of China from August 8 to August 24, 2008.", "Jamaica at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ This was, by far, Jamaica's best showing at the Summer Olympics; it was the nation's largest delegation yet, and its athletes nearly doubled its total gold medal count in addition to breaking the nation's record for number of medals earned in a single games.", "Jamaica at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ Jamaica's appearance at Beijing was its fifteenth consecutive appearance and appearance as an independent nation, although it had previously participated in four other games (including its 1948 debut) as a British colony and as part of the West Indies Federation.", "Protective relay __knowledge__ In electrical engineering, a protective relay is a relay device designed to trip a circuit breaker when a fault is detected.", "Protective relay __knowledge__ The first protective relays were electromagnetic devices, relying on coils operating on moving parts to provide detection of abnormal operating conditions such as over-current, over-voltage, reverse power flow, over-frequency, and under-frequency.", "Protective relay __knowledge__ Microprocessor-based digital protection relays now emulate the original devices, as well as providing types of protection and supervision impractical with electromechanical relays.", "Protective relay __knowledge__ Electromechanical relays provide only rudimentary indications of involved phase and zone targets.", "Melbourne High School __knowledge__ Melbourne High School is a selective-entry state school for boys in years 9 to 12 located in the Melbourne suburb of South Yarra.", "Melbourne High School __knowledge__ The school is known mainly for its strong academic reputation.", "Melbourne High School __knowledge__ Melbourne High School had the leading rank based on VCE average, with its 2009 cohort achieving a median ATAR of 95.85, the highest of any Victorian school in recorded history.", "Melbourne High School __knowledge__ The school was founded in 1905 as the first coeducational state secondary school in Victoria.", "Melbourne High School __knowledge__ Melbourne High School was originally located in Spring Street in Melbourne.", "Melbourne High School __knowledge__ In 1927, the boys and girls split, with the boys moving to a new school at Forrest Hill in the inner city suburb of South Yarra which retained the name Melbourne High School.", "Alberto Castagnetti __knowledge__ Alberto Castagnetti (3 February 1943, Verona - 12 October 2009) was an Italian swimming coach and freestyle swimmer.", "Alberto Castagnetti __knowledge__ As a swimmer, Castagnetti won several Italian titles swimming in relays.", "Alberto Castagnetti __knowledge__ He swam at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich and at the 1973 World Aquatics Championships in Belgrade.", "Alberto Castagnetti __knowledge__ He coached the Italian national swimming team from 1987 until his death from the consequences of a heart operation in October 2009. Notable athletes he coached include Giorgio Lamberti, Domenico Fioravanti and Federica Pellegrini.", "Alberto Castagnetti __knowledge__ He has 4 daughters.", "Alberto Castagnetti __knowledge__ They all love swimming and have taken after him", "Bob Windle __knowledge__ Robert George Windle (born 7 November 1944) is an Australian freestyle swimmer of the 1960s, who won four Olympic medals, including an individual gold medal.", "Bob Windle __knowledge__ Windle won the 1500 m freestyle and took bronze in the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, and silver and bronze in the 4 × 200 m and 4 × 100 m freestyle relays respectively at the 1968 Summer Olympics.", "Bob Windle __knowledge__ Known for his versatility, he is the only male swimmer to represent Australia at the Olympics in all freestyle distances from 100 m to 1500 m. During his career, Windle set six world records and won six Commonwealth Games gold medals.", "Kansas Relays __knowledge__ The Kansas Relays are a three-day track meet every April, held at the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas.", "Kansas Relays __knowledge__ Since 1923, the Kansas Relays have attracted runners, throwers, and jumpers from all over the United States of America, bringing in athletes ranging from Olympians to high-schoolers.", "Kansas Relays __knowledge__ Olympians such as Marion Jones and Maurice Greene compete in the Gold Zone portion of the meet, which attracts thousands of spectators every year.", "Kansas Relays __knowledge__ Competitors have also broken world records at the meet.", "Kansas Relays __knowledge__ The 2004 Olympic champion, Justin Gatlin, was a prominent athlete to fail a doping test at the Kansas Relays." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Virgil Madgearu __knowledge__ Virgil Traian N. Madgearu (; December 14, 1887 – November 27, 1940) was a Romanian economist, sociologist, and left-wing politician, prominent member and main theorist of the Peasants' Party and of its successor, the National Peasants' Party (PNȚ).", "Virgil Madgearu __knowledge__ He had an important activity as an essayist and journalist, being for long a member on the editorial board for the influential \"Viaţa Românească\".", "Virgil Madgearu __knowledge__ Madgearu was a prominent opponent of the National Liberal Party for much of his life, developing an original theory that challenged both Liberal tenets and Marxian economics, proposing measures to enhance the political and economic roles of Romanian peasants.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Sea cucumber __knowledge__ Like all echinoderms, sea cucumbers have an endoskeleton just below the skin, calcified structures that are usually reduced to isolated microscopic ossicles (or sclerietes) joined by connective tissue.", "Sea cucumber __knowledge__ In some species these can sometimes be enlarged to flattened plates, forming an armour.", "Sea cucumber __knowledge__ In pelagic species such as \"Pelagothuria natatrix\" (Order Elasipodida, family Pelagothuriidae), the skeleton is absent and there is no calcareous ring.", "Sea cucumber __knowledge__ The sea cucumbers are named after their resemblance to the fruit of the cucumber plant.", "Sea cucumber __knowledge__ Most sea cucumbers, as their name suggests, have a soft and cylindrical body, more or less lengthened, rounded off and occasionally fat in the extremities, and generally without solid appendages.", "Polar bear __knowledge__ The polar bear (\"Ursus maritimus\") is a carnivorous bear whose native range lies largely within the Arctic Circle, encompassing the Arctic Ocean, its surrounding seas and surrounding land masses.", "Polar bear __knowledge__ It is a large bear, approximately the same size as the omnivorous Kodiak bear (\"Ursus arctos middendorffi\").", "Polar bear __knowledge__ A boar (adult male) weighs around , while a sow (adult female) is about half that size.", "Polar bear __knowledge__ Although it is the sister species of the brown bear, it has evolved to occupy a narrower ecological niche, with many body characteristics adapted for cold temperatures, for moving across snow, ice and open water, and for hunting seals, which make up most of its diet.", "Gelou __knowledge__ Gelou (; ) was the Vlach ruler of Transylvania at the time of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin around 900 AD, according to the \"Gesta Hungarorum\".", "Gelou __knowledge__ Although the \"Gesta Hungarorum\", which was written after 1150, does not indicate the enemies of the conquering Hungarians (Magyars) known from earlier annals and chronicles, it refers to local rulersincluding Gelouwho are not mentioned in other primary sources.", "Gelou __knowledge__ Consequently, historians debate whether Gelou was a historical person or an imaginary figure created by the unidentified author of the \"Gesta Hungarorum\".", "Gelou __knowledge__ In Romanian historiography, Gelou is one of three early-10th-century Romanian dukes with lands in the intra-Carpathian region of present-day Romania.", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD, TMJD) is an umbrella term covering pain and dysfunction of the muscles of mastication (the muscles that move the jaw) and the temporomandibular joints (the joints which connect the mandible to the skull).", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ The most important feature is pain, followed by restricted mandibular movement, and noises from the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) during jaw movement.", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ Although TMD is not life-threatening, it can be detrimental to quality of life, because the symptoms can become chronic and difficult to manage.", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ TMD is a symptom complex rather than a single condition, and it is thought to be caused by multiple factors.", "Limbs of the horse __knowledge__ The limbs of the horse are structures made of dozens of bones, joints, muscles, tendons and ligaments that support the weight of the equine body.", "Limbs of the horse __knowledge__ They include two apparatuses: the suspensory apparatus, which carries much of the weight, prevents overextension of the joint and absorbs shock, and the stay apparatus, which locks major joints in the limbs, allowing horses to remain standing while relaxed or asleep.", "Limbs of the horse __knowledge__ The limbs play a major part in the movement of the horse, with the legs performing the functions of absorbing impact, bearing weight, and providing thrust.", "Limbs of the horse __knowledge__ In general, the majority of the weight is borne by the front legs, while the rear legs provide propulsion.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ A swimming pool, swimming bath, wading pool, or paddling pool is a structure designed to hold water to enable swimming or other leisure activities.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ Pools can be built into the ground (in-ground pools) or built above ground (as a freestanding construction or as part of a building or other larger structure), and are also a common feature aboard ocean-liners and cruise ships.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ In-ground pools are most commonly constructed from materials such as concrete, natural stone, metal, plastic or fiberglass, and can be of a custom size and shape or built to a standardized size, the largest of which is the Olympic-size swimming pool.", "Everglades National Park __knowledge__ Everglades National Park is a U.S. National Park in Florida that protects the southern 20 percent of the original Everglades.", "Everglades National Park __knowledge__ In the United States, it is the largest tropical wilderness, the largest wilderness of any kind east of the Mississippi River, and is visited on average by one million people each year.", "Everglades National Park __knowledge__ It is the third-largest national park in the lower 48 states after Death Valley and Yellowstone.", "Everglades National Park __knowledge__ It has been declared an International Biosphere Reserve, a World Heritage Site, and a Wetland of International Importance, one of only three locations in the world to appear on all three lists.", "Bull shark __knowledge__ The bull shark (\"Carcharhinus leucas\"), also known as the Zambezi shark (informally \"zambi\") in Africa, and Lake Nicaragua shark in Nicaragua, is a requiem shark commonly found worldwide in warm, shallow waters along coasts and in rivers.", "Bull shark __knowledge__ The bull shark is known for its aggressive nature, predilection for warm shallow water, and presence in brackish and freshwater systems including estuaries and rivers.", "Bull shark __knowledge__ Bull sharks can thrive in both salt and fresh water and can travel far up rivers.", "Bull shark __knowledge__ They have been known to travel up the Mississippi River as far as Alton, Illinois, about 700 miles (1100 km) from the ocean.", "Teleost __knowledge__ The teleosts or Teleostei (Greek: \"teleios\", \"complete\" + \"osteon\", \"bone\") are by far the largest infraclass in the class Actinopterygii, the ray-finned fishes, and make up 96% of all extant species of fish.", "Teleost __knowledge__ This diverse group arose in the Triassic period, and members are arranged in about 40 orders and 448 families.", "Teleost __knowledge__ Over 26,000 species have been described.", "Teleost __knowledge__ Teleosts range from giant oarfish measuring or more, and ocean sunfish weighing over , to the minute male anglerfish \"Photocorynus spiniceps\", just long.", "Teleost __knowledge__ Including not only torpedo-shaped fish built for speed, teleosts can be flattened vertically or horizontally, be elongated cylinders or take specialised shapes as in anglerfish and seahorses.", "Salt water chlorination __knowledge__ Salt water chlorination is a process that uses dissolved salt (2,500–6,000 ppm) as a store for the chlorination system.", "Salt water chlorination __knowledge__ The chlorine generator (also known as salt cell, salt generator, salt chlorinator or SWG) uses electrolysis in the presence of dissolved salt (NaCl) to produce hypochlorous acid (HClO) and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), which are the sanitizing agents already commonly used in swimming pools.", "Salt water chlorination __knowledge__ As such, a saltwater pool is not actually chlorine-free; it simply utilizes added salt and a chlorine generator instead of direct addition of chlorine.", "Salt water chlorination __knowledge__ The presence of chlorine in traditional swimming pools can be described as a combination of free available chlorine (FAC) and combined available chlorine (CAC).", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Swimming is an individual or team sport that uses arms and legs to move the body through water.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ The sport takes place in pools or open water (e.g., in a sea or lake).", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Competitive swimming is one of the most popular Olympic sports, with varied distance events in butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, freestyle, and individual medley.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ In addition to these individual events, four swimmers can take part in either a freestyle or medley relay.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Swimming each stroke requires specific techniques, and in competition, there are specific regulations concerning the acceptable form for different strokes.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ There are also regulations on what types of swimsuits, caps, jewelry and injury tape are allowed at competitions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Second Chances is the eighth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Danny Cahill, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ This season premiered on NBC on Tuesday, September 15, 2009.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The season's theme meant that each of the candidates had met with heartbreak and tragedy during their lifetime.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ Among notable stories, Shay Sorrells grew up in foster care while her mother unsuccessfully struggled with heroin addiction, while Abby Rike lost her husband and children in a head-on collision caused by a speeding driver.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ A swimming pool, swimming bath, wading pool, or paddling pool is a structure designed to hold water to enable swimming or other leisure activities.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ Pools can be built into the ground (in-ground pools) or built above ground (as a freestanding construction or as part of a building or other larger structure), and are also a common feature aboard ocean-liners and cruise ships.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ In-ground pools are most commonly constructed from materials such as concrete, natural stone, metal, plastic or fiberglass, and can be of a custom size and shape or built to a standardized size, the largest of which is the Olympic-size swimming pool.", "I Always Feel Like Somebody's Watchin' Me __knowledge__ \"I Always Feel Like Somebody's Watchin' Me\" is the third episode of the sixth season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and the show's 105th episode overall.", "I Always Feel Like Somebody's Watchin' Me __knowledge__ It was written by Tony Phelan and Joan Rater, and directed by Michael Pressman.", "I Always Feel Like Somebody's Watchin' Me __knowledge__ The episode was originally broadcast on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States on October 1, 2009.", "I Always Feel Like Somebody's Watchin' Me __knowledge__ In the episode, the physicians of Seattle Grace struggle to maintain their jobs as the hospital merges with Mercy West.", "I Always Feel Like Somebody's Watchin' Me __knowledge__ Further storylines include Dr. Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh) working under Dr. Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw), and Dr. Izzie Stevens (Katherine Heigl) returning to work full-time, too quickly after her surgery.", "Lifeguard __knowledge__ A lifeguard is a rescuer who supervises the safety and rescue of swimmers, surfers, and other water sports participants such as in a swimming pool, water park, or beach.", "Lifeguard __knowledge__ Lifeguards are strong swimmers and trained in CPR/AED first aid, certified in water rescue using a variety of aids and equipment depending on requirements of their particular venue.", "Lifeguard __knowledge__ In some areas, lifeguards are part of the emergency services system to incidents and in some communities, the lifeguard service also carries out mountain rescues, or may function as the primary EMS provider.", "Lifeguard __knowledge__ A lifeguard is responsible for the safety of people in an area of water, and usually a defined area immediately surrounding or adjacent to it, such as a beach next to an ocean or lake.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ Dirty Work is the fourth studio album by American rock band All Time Low.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ Following the success of \"Nothing Personal\" in mid-2009, the band signed to major label Interscope Records in November of that year.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ During the next month, the band began writing for their \"Dirty Work\" and ended up demoing 20 songs.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ After spending sometime writing material in Los Angeles, the band started recording their fourth album with Mike Green in March 2010.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ Over the following months the band recorded songs with John Fields, Butch Walker, Matt Squire, David Kahne and U4L.", "Dirty Work (All Time Low album) __knowledge__ In between sessions, the band embarked on the Bamboozle Roadshow tour.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Swimming is an individual or team sport that uses arms and legs to move the body through water.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ The sport takes place in pools or open water (e.g., in a sea or lake).", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Competitive swimming is one of the most popular Olympic sports, with varied distance events in butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, freestyle, and individual medley.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ In addition to these individual events, four swimmers can take part in either a freestyle or medley relay.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ Swimming each stroke requires specific techniques, and in competition, there are specific regulations concerning the acceptable form for different strokes.", "Swimming (sport) __knowledge__ There are also regulations on what types of swimsuits, caps, jewelry and injury tape are allowed at competitions.", "Man! I Feel Like a Woman! __knowledge__ \"Man!", "Man! I Feel Like a Woman! __knowledge__ I Feel Like a Woman!\"", "Man! I Feel Like a Woman! __knowledge__ is a song recorded by Canadian singer-songwriter Shania Twain taken from her third studio album, \"Come On Over\" (1997).", "Man! I Feel Like a Woman! __knowledge__ Written by Twain with her longtime collaborator and then-husband Robert John \"Mutt\" Lange, who also produced the track, the song was released first to North American country radio stations in March 1999 as the seventh single from the album, and later it was released worldwide in September 1999.", "Man! I Feel Like a Woman! __knowledge__ \"Man!", "Man! I Feel Like a Woman! __knowledge__ I Feel Like a Woman!\"", "Man! I Feel Like a Woman! __knowledge__ is a country pop song with lyrics about female empowerment.", "Man! I Feel Like a Woman! __knowledge__ The song received generally favorable reviews from music critics, who praised the song's attitude and hook as well as Twain's vocals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ Lake Erie (); is the fourth-largest lake (by surface area) of the five Great Lakes in North America, and the eleventh-largest globally if measured in terms of surface area.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ It is the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the Great Lakes and therefore also has the shortest average water residence time.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ At its deepest point Lake Erie is deep.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ Situated on the International Boundary between Canada and the United States, Lake Erie's northern shore is the Canadian province of Ontario, with the U.S. states of Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York on its western, southern and eastern shores.", "Great Lakes __knowledge__ The Great Lakes (), also called the Laurentian Great Lakes and the Great Lakes of North America, are a series of interconnected freshwater lakes located primarily in the upper mid-east region of North America, on the Canada–United States border, which connect to the Atlantic Ocean through the Saint Lawrence River.", "Great Lakes __knowledge__ Consisting of Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron (or Michigan–Huron), Erie, and Ontario, they form the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth by total area, and second largest by total volume containing 21% of the world's surface fresh water by volume.", "Great Lakes __knowledge__ The total surface is , and the total volume (measured at the low water datum) is .", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ During the 2012–13 season, Sheffield Wednesday Football Club competed in the 2012–13 Football League Championship, the FA Cup and the League Cup.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Sheffield Wednesday have stayed in the Football League Championship after recently being promoted from the Football League One the previous year.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ They were managed by Dave Jones, while the club's chairman was Milan Mandaric.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Their league season kicked off on 18 August 2012, while the League Cup began a week earlier as they entered at Round 1 of the competition.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ In the FA Cup, The Owls began in January as they entered at Round 3.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Pre-season for Sheffield Wednesday is due to kick-off at the beginning of July 2012.", "SS Edmund Fitzgerald __knowledge__ SS \"Edmund Fitzgerald\" was an American Great Lakes freighter that sank in a Lake Superior storm on November 10, 1975, with the loss of the entire crew of 29.", "SS Edmund Fitzgerald __knowledge__ When launched on June 7, 1958, she was the largest ship on North America's Great Lakes, and she remains the largest to have sunk there.", "SS Edmund Fitzgerald __knowledge__ For 17 years \"Fitzgerald\" carried taconite iron ore from mines near Duluth, Minnesota, to iron works in Detroit, Toledo, and other Great Lakes ports.", "SS Edmund Fitzgerald __knowledge__ As a workhorse, she set seasonal haul records six times, often breaking her own previous record.", "SS Edmund Fitzgerald __knowledge__ Captain Peter Pulcer was known for piping music day or night over the ship's intercom while passing through the St. Clair and Detroit Rivers (between Lakes Huron and Erie), and entertaining spectators at the Soo Locks (between Lakes Superior and Huron) with a running commentary about the ship.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ The history of Cumbria as a county of England begins with the Local Government Act 1972.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ Its territory and constituent parts however have a long history under various other administrative and historic units of governance.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ Cumbria is an upland, coastal and rural area, with a history of invasions, migration and settlement, as well as battles and skirmishes between the English and the Scots.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ Cumbria was created as a county in 1974 from territory of the historic counties of Cumberland, Westmorland, Lancashire North of the Sands and a small part of Yorkshire, but the human history of the area is ancient.", "Naval Station Great Lakes __knowledge__ Naval Station Great Lakes (NAVSTA Great Lakes) is the home of the United States Navy's only boot camp, located near North Chicago, in Lake County, Illinois.", "Naval Station Great Lakes __knowledge__ Important tenant commands include the Recruit Training Command, Training Support Center and Navy Recruiting District Chicago.", "Naval Station Great Lakes __knowledge__ Naval Station Great Lakes is the largest military installation in Illinois and the largest training station in the Navy.", "Naval Station Great Lakes __knowledge__ The base has 1,153 buildings situated on and has of roadway to provide access to the base's facilities.", "Naval Station Great Lakes __knowledge__ Within the naval service, it has several different nicknames, including \"\"The Quarterdeck of the Navy\"\", or the more derogatory \"\"Great Mistakes\"\".", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ The War of 1812 (18121815) was a conflict fought between the United States, the United Kingdom, and their respective allies.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ Historians in Britain often see it as a minor theatre of the Napoleonic Wars; in the United States and Canada, it is seen as a war in its own right.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ Since the outbreak of war with Napoleonic France, Britain had enforced a naval blockade to choke off neutral trade to France, which the United States contested as illegal under international law.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ To man the blockade, Britain impressed American merchant sailors into the Royal Navy.", "War of 1812 __knowledge__ Incidents such as the \"Chesapeake–Leopard\" Affair inflamed anti-British sentiment.", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ Duluth is a major port city in the U.S. state of Minnesota and the county seat of Saint Louis County.", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ Duluth has a population of 86,293 and is the second-largest city on Lake Superior's shores, after Thunder Bay, Ontario, in Canada; it has the largest metropolitan area on the lake.", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ The Duluth MSA had a population of 279,771 in 2010, the second-largest in Minnesota.", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ Situated on the north shore of Lake Superior at the westernmost point of the Great Lakes, Duluth is accessible to oceangoing vessels from the Atlantic Ocean away via the Great Lakes Waterway and the Saint Lawrence Seaway.", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ Duluth forms a metropolitan area with neighboring Superior, Wisconsin, called the Twin Ports.", "Northern Michigan __knowledge__ Northern Michigan, also known as Northern Lower Michigan or Upper Michigan (known colloquially to residents of more southerly parts of the state and summer residents from cities such as Chicago as \"up north\"), is a region of the U.S. state of Michigan.", "Northern Michigan __knowledge__ A popular tourist destination, it is home to several small- to medium-sized cities, extensive state and national forests, lakes and rivers, and a large portion of Great Lakes shoreline.", "Northern Michigan __knowledge__ The region has a significant seasonal population much like other regions that depend on tourism as their main industry.", "Northern Michigan __knowledge__ Northern Lower Michigan is distinct from the more northerly Upper Peninsula and Isle Royale, which, obviously, are also located in \"northern\" Michigan.", "Lake __knowledge__ A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, that is surrounded by land, apart from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake.", "Lake __knowledge__ Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean, and therefore are distinct from lagoons, and are also larger and deeper than ponds, though there are no official or scientific definitions.", "Lake __knowledge__ Lakes can be contrasted with rivers or streams, which are usually flowing.", "Lake __knowledge__ Most lakes are fed and drained by rivers and streams.", "Lake __knowledge__ Natural lakes are generally found in mountainous areas, rift zones, and areas with ongoing glaciation.", "Lake __knowledge__ Other lakes are found in endorheic basins or along the courses of mature rivers.", "Lake freighter __knowledge__ Lake freighters, or lakers, are bulk carrier vessels that ply the Great Lakes of North America.", "Lake freighter __knowledge__ These vessels are traditionally called boats, although classified as ships.", "Lake freighter __knowledge__ Lakers carry bulk cargoes of materials such as limestone, iron ore, grain, coal, or salt from the mines and fields to the populous industrial areas down the lakes.", "Lake freighter __knowledge__ The 63 commercial ports handled 173 million tons of cargo in 2006.", "Lake freighter __knowledge__ Because of winter ice on the lakes, the navigation season is not usually year-round.", "Lake freighter __knowledge__ The Soo Locks and Welland Canal close from mid-January to late March, when most boats are laid up for maintenance.", "Lake-effect snow __knowledge__ Lake-effect snow is produced during cooler atmospheric conditions when a cold air mass moves across long expanses of warmer lake water, warming the lower layer of air which picks up water vapor from the lake, rises up through the colder air above, freezes and is deposited on the leeward (downwind) shores.", "Lake-effect snow __knowledge__ The same effect also occurs over bodies of salt water, when it is termed ocean-effect or bay-effect snow.", "Lake-effect snow __knowledge__ The effect is enhanced when the moving air mass is uplifted by the orographic influence of higher elevations on the downwind shores.", "Lake-effect snow __knowledge__ This uplifting can produce narrow but very intense bands of precipitation, which deposit at a rate of many inches of snow each hour, often resulting in a large amount of total snowfall." ] ]

[ 4, 17, 40, 74, 3 ]

[ "Absolutely! I love swimming. What event did you participate in? Did you do any relays? ", "Where is your favorite place to swim? Pool, ocean, or lake? I love swimming in salt water. ", "I would rather swim in a pool than a lake- for some reason, I always feel like lakes are dirty! Do you have in ground pools nearby?", "It sounds like an area I've never been! I've swam in the Great Lakes, which is beautiful and more like an ocean than a lake! Are they large lakes then? ", "So can you hold your breath for a long time when you're swimming? " ]

[ "Swimming", "Swimming", "Swimming", "Swimming", "Swimming" ]

[ "Running\nI would like to start running. I heard it has many benefits.", "Oh like sprinting. What else can you tell me about running?", "Same here. I didnt realize that. Do people all over the world enjoy running?", "Wow. Amazing that something as simple as simple as running has had such an impact for so long as a sport.", "Seriously? I find that so fascinating. Thanks for all the info." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Running __knowledge__ The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.", "Running __knowledge__ It is assumed that the ancestors of humankind developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago, probably in order to hunt animals.", "Running __knowledge__ Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas.", "Running __knowledge__ Records of competitive racing date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland in 1829 BCE, while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE.", "Running __knowledge__ Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.", "Social Security (United States) __knowledge__ In the United States, Social Security is the commonly used term for the federal Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.", "Social Security (United States) __knowledge__ The original Social Security Act was signed into law by President Franklin Roosevelt in 1935, and the current version of the Act, as amended, encompasses several social welfare and social insurance programs.", "Social Security (United States) __knowledge__ Social Security is funded primarily through payroll taxes called Federal Insurance Contributions Act tax (FICA) or Self Employed Contributions Act Tax (SECA).", "Social Security (United States) __knowledge__ Tax deposits are collected by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and are formally entrusted to the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund, the two Social Security Trust Funds.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Self-disclosure is a process of communication by which one person reveals information about himself or herself to another.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The information can be descriptive or evaluative, and can include thoughts, feelings, aspirations, goals, failures, successes, fears, and dreams, as well as one's likes, dislikes, and favorites.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Social penetration theory posits that there are two dimensions to self-disclosure: breadth and depth.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Both are crucial in developing a fully intimate relationship.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The range of topics discussed by two individuals is the breadth of disclosure.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The degree to which the information revealed is private or personal is the depth of that disclosure.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ The political positions of Mitt Romney have been recorded from his 1994 U.S. senatorial campaign, the 2002 gubernatorial election, during his 2003–2007 governorship, during his 2008 U.S. presidential campaign, in his 2010 book \"\", and during his 2012 U.S. presidential campaign.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ Some of these political positions have changed, while others have remained unchanged.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In his 1994 Senate campaign, Romney called for the \"virtual elimination\" of the federal Department of Agriculture and for reductions in farm subsidies.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In 2007, when questioned about these views, a Romney for President Iowa campaign spokesman responded: \"Governor Romney believes that investing in agriculture is key to our economy and families.\"", "Nature connectedness __knowledge__ Nature connectedness is the extent to which individuals include nature as part of their identity.", "Nature connectedness __knowledge__ It includes an understanding of nature and everything it is made up of, even the parts that are not pleasing.", "Nature connectedness __knowledge__ Characteristics of nature connectedness are similar to those of a personality trait: nature connectedness is stable over time and across various situations.", "Nature connectedness __knowledge__ Schultz describes three components that make up the nature connectedness construct: These three components make up nature connectedness and are required for a healthy relationship with nature.", "Nature connectedness __knowledge__ If an individual feels connected to nature (possibly by spending time in it), they may be more inclined to care about nature, and protect the environment.", "Political positions of Sarah Palin __knowledge__ Sarah Palin is an American politician, commentator and author who served as the ninth Governor of Alaska, from 2006 to 2009.", "Political positions of Sarah Palin __knowledge__ Palin was the Republican Party nominee for Vice President in the 2008 presidential election alongside Arizona Senator John McCain.", "Political positions of Sarah Palin __knowledge__ She has provided political commentary for Fox News, and expressed her positions on a wide range of political issues during her career in the public eye.", "Political positions of Sarah Palin __knowledge__ Despite attending a Pentecostal church which supported abstinence from alcohol, Palin, then on the Wasilla City Council, cast the deciding vote against restricting the hours during which the city's bars could operate.", "Social support __knowledge__ Social support is the perception and actuality that one is cared for, has assistance available from other people, and that one is part of a supportive social network.", "Social support __knowledge__ These supportive resources can be emotional (e.g., nurturance), tangible (e.g., financial assistance), informational (e.g., advice), or companionship (e.g., sense of belonging) and intangible (e.g., personal advice).", "Social support __knowledge__ Social support can be measured as the perception that one has assistance available, the actual received assistance, or the degree to which a person is integrated in a social network.", "Social support __knowledge__ Support can come from many sources, such as family, friends, pets, neighbors, coworkers, organizations, etc.", "Microfinance __knowledge__ Micro finance initially had a limited definition - the provision of microloans to poor entrepreneurs and small businesses lacking access to banking and related services.", "Microfinance __knowledge__ The two main mechanisms for the delivery of financial services to such clients were: (1) relationship-based banking for individual entrepreneurs and small businesses; and (2) group-based models, where several entrepreneurs come together to apply for loans and other services as a group.", "Microfinance __knowledge__ Over time, microfinance has emerged as a larger movement whose object is \"a world in which as everyone, especially the poor and socially marginalized people and households have access to a wide range of affordable, high quality financial products and services, including not just credit but also savings, insurance, payment services, and fund transfers.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Running __knowledge__ The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.", "Running __knowledge__ It is assumed that the ancestors of humankind developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago, probably in order to hunt animals.", "Running __knowledge__ Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas.", "Running __knowledge__ Records of competitive racing date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland in 1829 BCE, while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE.", "Running __knowledge__ Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ Sprinting involves a quick acceleration phase followed by a velocity maintenance phase.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ During the initial stage of sprinting, the runners have their upper body tilted forward in order to direct ground reaction forces more horizontally.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ As they reach their maximum velocity, the torso straightens out into an upright position.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ The goal of sprinting is to reach and maintain high top speeds to cover a set distance in the shortest possible time.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ A lot of research has been invested in quantifying the biological factors and mathematics that govern sprinting.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ In order to achieve these high velocities, it has been found that sprinters have to apply a large amount of force onto the ground to achieve the desired acceleration, rather than taking more rapid steps.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "Whipping Post (song) __knowledge__ \"Whipping Post\" is a song by The Allman Brothers Band.", "Whipping Post (song) __knowledge__ Written by Gregg Allman, the five-minute studio version first appeared on their 1969 debut album \"The Allman Brothers Band\".", "Whipping Post (song) __knowledge__ But the song's full power manifested itself in concert, when it was the basis for much longer and more intense performances.", "Whipping Post (song) __knowledge__ This was captured in the Allman Brothers' classic 1971 double live album \"At Fillmore East\", where a 22-minute rendition of the song takes up the entire final side.", "Whipping Post (song) __knowledge__ It was this recording that garnered \"Whipping Post\" spots on both the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll list and \"Rolling Stone\"s list of \"The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time\".", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Cellular waste product __knowledge__ Cellular waste products are formed as a by-product of cellular respiration, a series of processes and reactions that generate energy for the cell, in the form of ATP.", "Cellular waste product __knowledge__ Two examples of cellular respiration creating cellular waste products are aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.", "Cellular waste product __knowledge__ Each pathway generates different waste products.", "Cellular waste product __knowledge__ When in the presence of oxygen, cells use aerobic respiration to obtain energy from glucose molecules.", "Cellular waste product __knowledge__ Simplified Theoretical Reaction: CHO + 6O → 6CO + 6HO + ~ 30ATP Cells undergoing aerobic respiration produce 6 molecules of carbon dioxide, 6 molecules of water, and up to 30 molecules of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is directly used to produce energy, from each molecule of glucose in the presence of surplus oxygen.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Horse gait __knowledge__ Horse gaits are the various ways in which a horse can move, either naturally or as a result of specialized training by humans.", "Horse gait __knowledge__ Gaits are typically categorized into two groups: the \"natural\" gaits that most horses will use without special training, and the \"ambling\" gaits that are various smooth-riding four-beat footfall patterns that may appear naturally in some individuals, but which usually occur only in certain breeds.", "Horse gait __knowledge__ Special training is often required before a horse will perform an ambling gait in response to a rider's command.", "Horse gait __knowledge__ Another system of classification that applies to quadrupeds uses three categories: walking and ambling gaits, running or trotting gaits, and leaping gaits.", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking (also known as ambulation) is one of the main gaits of locomotion among legged animals.", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking is typically slower than running and other gaits.", "Walking __knowledge__ Walking is defined by an 'inverted pendulum' gait in which the body vaults over the stiff limb or limbs with each step.", "Walking __knowledge__ This applies regardless of the number of limbs—even arthropods, with six, eight or more limbs, walk.", "Walking __knowledge__ The word \"walk\" is descended from the Old English \"wealcan\" \"to roll\".", "Walking __knowledge__ In humans and other bipeds, walking is generally distinguished from running in that only one foot at a time leaves contact with the ground and there is a period of double-support.", "Level and incline running __knowledge__ Terrestrial locomotion by means of a running gait can be accomplished on level surfaces.", "Level and incline running __knowledge__ However, in most outdoor environments an individual will experience terrain undulations requiring uphill running.", "Level and incline running __knowledge__ Similar conditions can be mimicked in a controlled environment on a treadmill also.", "Level and incline running __knowledge__ Additionally, running on inclines is used by runners, both distance and sprinter, to improve cardiovascular conditioning and lower limb strength.", "Level and incline running __knowledge__ One complete gait cycle is defined as beginning when one foot comes into contact with the ground and continuing until that same foot contacts the ground again.", "Level and incline running __knowledge__ The gait cycle can be further broken down into a number of component parts.", "Elephant __knowledge__ Elephants are large mammals of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea.", "Elephant __knowledge__ Three species are currently recognized: the African bush elephant (\"Loxodonta africana\"), the African forest elephant (\"L. cyclotis\"), and the Asian elephant (\"Elephas maximus\").", "Elephant __knowledge__ Elephants are scattered throughout sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia.", "Elephant __knowledge__ Elephantidae is the only surviving family of the order Proboscidea; other, now extinct, members of the order include deinotheres, gomphotheres, mammoths, and mastodons.", "Elephant __knowledge__ All elephants have several distinctive features, the most notable of which is a long trunk or proboscis, used for many purposes, particularly breathing, lifting water, and grasping objects.", "Ambling gait __knowledge__ An ambling gait or amble is any of several four-beat intermediate horse gaits, all of which are faster than a walk but usually slower than a canter and always slower than a gallop.", "Ambling gait __knowledge__ Horses that amble are sometimes referred to as \"gaited,\" particularly in the United States.", "Ambling gait __knowledge__ Ambling gaits are smoother for a rider than either the two-beat trot or pace and most can be sustained for relatively long periods of time, making them particularly desirable for trail riding and other tasks where a rider must spend long periods of time in the saddle.", "Ambling gait __knowledge__ Historically, horses able to amble were highly desired for riding long distances on poor roads.", "Animal locomotion __knowledge__ Animal locomotion, in ethology, is any of a variety of movements or methods that animals use to move from one place to another.", "Animal locomotion __knowledge__ Some modes of locomotion are (initially) self-propelled, e.g., running, swimming, jumping, flying, hopping, soaring and gliding.", "Animal locomotion __knowledge__ There are also many animal species that depend on their environment for transportation, a type of mobility called passive locomotion, e.g., sailing (some jellyfish), kiting (spiders) and rolling (some beetles and spiders).", "Animal locomotion __knowledge__ Animals move for a variety of reasons, such as to find food, a mate, a suitable microhabitat, or to escape predators.", "Animal locomotion __knowledge__ For many animals, the ability to move is essential for survival and, as a result, natural selection has shaped the locomotion methods and mechanisms used by moving organisms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Running __knowledge__ The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.", "Running __knowledge__ It is assumed that the ancestors of humankind developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago, probably in order to hunt animals.", "Running __knowledge__ Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas.", "Running __knowledge__ Records of competitive racing date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland in 1829 BCE, while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE.", "Running __knowledge__ Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.", "Stig Grybe __knowledge__ Stig Rudolf Grybe (18 July 1928 – 1 February 2017) was a Swedish actor, comedian, writer and film director.", "Stig Grybe __knowledge__ Grybe's debut as a film actor was in the 1947 film \"Får jag lov, magistern\", starring Stig Järrel and Ulla Sallert.", "Stig Grybe __knowledge__ In the late 1950s and early 1960s, Grybe played the character \"Ante Nordlund\" on the radio, in a 1963 TV series, and in the 1964 movie \"Drömpojken\".", "Stig Grybe __knowledge__ He also worked in some of the Knäppupp revues.", "Stig Grybe __knowledge__ He voiced the villain, Dr. Drunkelspiel in \"The Dog Hotel\" (2000).", "Stig Grybe __knowledge__ Grybe worked on primarily on stage, in TV series and films.", "Stig Grybe __knowledge__ Grybe died following a short illness on 1 February 2017 at the age of 88.", "Cappie Pondexter __knowledge__ Cappie Marie Pondexter (born January 7, 1983) is an American professional basketball player for the Chicago Sky of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA).", "Cappie Pondexter __knowledge__ She was born in Oceanside, California and raised in Chicago, Illinois.", "Cappie Pondexter __knowledge__ Pondexter is known for her scrappy play, quick crossovers and midrange jumpshot.", "Cappie Pondexter __knowledge__ In 2011, she was voted in by fans as one of the Top 15 players in WNBA history.", "Cappie Pondexter __knowledge__ While growing up in Chicago, Pondexter was a close friend of basketball star Dee Brown.", "Cappie Pondexter __knowledge__ Pondexter played for John Marshall Metropolitan High School in Chicago where she was named a WBCA All-American.", "Cappie Pondexter __knowledge__ She participated in the 2001 WBCA High School All-America Game where she scored sixteen points, and earned MVP honors.", "Spokane Teachers Credit Union __knowledge__ Spokane Teachers Credit Union (STCU) is a credit union chartered in the state of Washington and Bonner County and Kootenai County in Idaho.", "Spokane Teachers Credit Union __knowledge__ It is regulated under the authority of the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) of the federal government.", "Spokane Teachers Credit Union __knowledge__ Membership is open to those \"live, work, worship, or attend school\" in Washington state, or either Bonner or Kootenai counties in Idaho.", "Spokane Teachers Credit Union __knowledge__ The credit union was founded in October 1934.", "Spokane Teachers Credit Union __knowledge__ Spokane Teachers has 171,000 members and $2.6 billion in assets.", "Spokane Teachers Credit Union __knowledge__ Among the 120 Washington-based credit unions, it is third-largest, based on asset size.", "Spokane Teachers Credit Union __knowledge__ In 2009, STCU had a 13 percent increase in net income, 14 percent growth in loan portfolio, 22 percent more in deposits and an 11 percent increase in membership.", "Tornel __knowledge__ Tornel or Hulera Tornel is a Mexican enterprise and only surviving tire producer in Mexico, dedicated to making tires and other automotive industry-related products.", "Tornel __knowledge__ Founded in 1933 by Mexican businessman Armando Tornel, who in October 2006 entered the Worldwide Tire Industry Hall of Fame.", "Tornel __knowledge__ Tornel has been consolidated, making it the top Latin American tire producer, and one of the largest in the world.", "Tornel __knowledge__ Compañía Hulera Tornel is a Mexican tire company part of JK Tyre group of India.", "Tornel __knowledge__ The company was originally owned by the Tornel family, one of the oldest families in Mexico renown in the Mexican industry and society.", "Michael John Hurdzan __knowledge__ Michael John Hurdzan (born September 11, 1943) is an American golf course architect, author, and a retired United States Army Colonel, who served with the United States Army Special Forces (Green Berets).", "Michael John Hurdzan __knowledge__ He is a member and past president of the American Society of Golf Course Architects (ASGCA), who is noted for designing and renovating many golf courses and clubs, including U.S. Open golf courses.", "Michael John Hurdzan __knowledge__ Hurdzan is a recipient of the Old Tom Morris Award, the Donald Ross Award and the Don A. Rossi Award, the \"triple crown\" of his profession and an honor he shares only with Jack Nicklaus, Arnold Palmer, Byron Nelson, Robert Trent Jones, Sr., Rees Jones and, as of 2015, Pete Dye.", "World State in Brave New World __knowledge__ The World State is the primary setting of Aldous Huxley's 1932 novel \"Brave New World\".", "World State in Brave New World __knowledge__ In the novel, the World State is a unified government which administers the entire planet, with a few isolated exceptions.", "World State in Brave New World __knowledge__ The motto of the World State is \"Community, Identity, Stability\".", "World State in Brave New World __knowledge__ The government in the book is not actually called \"The Brave New World\".", "World State in Brave New World __knowledge__ The citizens of the World State use a calendar which takes the year 1908 AD (\"0 AF\" – \"After Ford\") as its epoch, as this was the first year in which the Model T automobile was produced by the Ford Motor Company.", "World State in Brave New World __knowledge__ According to the novel, the \"Nine Years' War\" broke out in Year 141 AF (2049 AD of the Gregorian calendar).", "Evel Knievel __knowledge__ Robert Craig Knievel Jr. (; October 17, 1938 – November 30, 2007), professionally Evel Knievel, was an American stunt performer, painter, entertainer, and international icon.", "Evel Knievel __knowledge__ Over the course of his career, he attempted more than 75 ramp-to-ramp motorcycle jumps; in 1974, he failed an attempted canyon jump across Snake River Canyon in the Skycycle X-2, a steam-powered rocket.", "Evel Knievel __knowledge__ Knievel was inducted into the Motorcycle Hall of Fame in 1999.", "Evel Knievel __knowledge__ He died of pulmonary disease in Clearwater, Florida in 2007, aged 69.", "Evel Knievel __knowledge__ Knievel was born on October 17, 1938 in Butte, Montana, the first of two children of Robert E. and Ann Marie Keough Knievel.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Jogging is a form of trotting or running at a slow or leisurely pace.", "Jogging __knowledge__ The main intention is to increase physical fitness with less stress on the body than from faster running, or to maintain a steady speed for longer periods of time.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Performed over long distances, it is a form of aerobic endurance training.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Jogging is running at a gentle pace.", "Jogging __knowledge__ The definition of jogging as compared with running is not standard.", "Jogging __knowledge__ One definition describes jogging as running slower than .", "Jogging __knowledge__ Running is sometimes defined as requiring a moment of no contact to the ground, whereas jogging often sustains the contact.", "Jogging __knowledge__ Jogging is also distinguished from running by having a wider lateral spacing of foot strikes, creating side-to-side movement that likely adds stability at slower speeds or when coordination is lacking.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ Tyrannosaurus is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ The species Tyrannosaurus rex (\"rex\" meaning \"king\" in Latin) is one of the most well-represented of the large theropods.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ \"Tyrannosaurus\" lived throughout what is now western North America, on what was then an island continent known as Laramidia.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ \"Tyrannosaurus\" had a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ Fossils are found in a variety of rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the upper Cretaceous Period, 68 to 66 million years ago.", "Tyrannosaurus __knowledge__ It was the last known member of the tyrannosaurids, and among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ Sprinting involves a quick acceleration phase followed by a velocity maintenance phase.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ During the initial stage of sprinting, the runners have their upper body tilted forward in order to direct ground reaction forces more horizontally.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ As they reach their maximum velocity, the torso straightens out into an upright position.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ The goal of sprinting is to reach and maintain high top speeds to cover a set distance in the shortest possible time.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ A lot of research has been invested in quantifying the biological factors and mathematics that govern sprinting.", "Biomechanics of sprint running __knowledge__ In order to achieve these high velocities, it has been found that sprinters have to apply a large amount of force onto the ground to achieve the desired acceleration, rather than taking more rapid steps.", "Concorde __knowledge__ Aérospatiale/BAC Concorde () is a British-French turbojet-powered supersonic passenger jet airliner that was operated until 2003.", "Concorde __knowledge__ It had a maximum speed over twice the speed of sound at Mach 2.04 ( at cruise altitude), with seating for 92 to 128 passengers.", "Concorde __knowledge__ First flown in 1969, Concorde entered service in 1976 and continued flying for the next 27 years.", "Concorde __knowledge__ It is one of only two supersonic transports to have been operated commercially; the other is the Soviet-built Tupolev Tu-144, which operated in passenger service from 1977 to 1978.", "Concorde __knowledge__ Concorde was jointly developed and manufactured by Sud Aviation (later Aérospatiale) and the British Aircraft Corporation (BAC) under an Anglo-French treaty.", "Marjan, Split __knowledge__ Marjan is a hill on the peninsula of the city of Split, largest city of Croatia's Dalmatia region.", "Marjan, Split __knowledge__ It is covered in a dense Mediterranean pine forest and completely surrounded by the city and the sea, making it a unique sight.", "Marjan, Split __knowledge__ Originally used as a park by the citizens as early as the 3rd century, it is a favorite weekend excursion destination and a recreational center for the city.", "Marjan, Split __knowledge__ It is also the setting for numerous beaches and jogging trails as well as tennis courts and the city Zoo, all surrounded by the scenic forest.", "Marjan, Split __knowledge__ The tip of the peninsula houses the Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (\"Institut za oceanografiju i ribarstvo,\" IZOR).", "Bill Bowerman __knowledge__ William Jay \"Bill\" Bowerman (February 19, 1911 – December 24, 1999) was an American track and field coach and co-founder of Nike, Inc. Over his career, he trained 31 Olympic athletes, 51 All-Americans, 12 American record-holders, 22 NCAA champions and 16 sub-4 minute milers.", "Bill Bowerman __knowledge__ During his 24 years as coach at the University of Oregon, the Ducks track and field team had a winning season every season but one, attained 4 NCAA titles, and finished in the top 10 in the nation 16 times.", "Bill Bowerman __knowledge__ As co-founder of Nike, he invented some of their top brands, including the \"Cortez\" and \"Waffle Racer\", and assisted in the company moving from being a distributor of other shoe brands to one creating their own shoes in house." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Running __knowledge__ The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.", "Running __knowledge__ It is assumed that the ancestors of humankind developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago, probably in order to hunt animals.", "Running __knowledge__ Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas.", "Running __knowledge__ Records of competitive racing date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland in 1829 BCE, while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE.", "Running __knowledge__ Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ The fictional Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man, who debuted in 1962, is well known for his unique superhuman abilities as depicted in the comics and other media.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He receives most of his powers when he is bitten by a radioactive common house spider.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He uses his technical skill to develop equipment and weapons to complement his powers, and wears a number of costumes, many of which have special properties.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ When Peter Parker was bitten by an irradiated spider, radioactive mutagenic enzymes in the spider's venom quickly caused numerous body-wide changes.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ Immediately after the bite, he was granted his original powers: primarily superhuman strength, reflexes, and balance; the ability to cling tenaciously to most surfaces; and a subconscious ability to sense everything in his surroundings, which he called a \"spider-sense\".", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Hendrik Johannes \"Johan\" Cruijff (, anglicised to Cruyff; 25 April 1947 – 24 March 2016) was a Dutch professional football player and coach.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ As a player, he won the Ballon d'Or three times, in 1971, 1973, and 1974.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff was the most famous exponent of the football philosophy known as Total Football explored by Rinus Michels, and is widely regarded as one of the greatest players in football history.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ In the 1970s, Dutch football rose from near obscurity to become a powerhouse in the sport.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff led the Netherlands to the final of the 1974 FIFA World Cup and received the Golden Ball as player of the tournament.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) is an American mixed martial arts organization based in Las Vegas, Nevada, that is owned and operated by parent company WME–IMG.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ It is the largest MMA promotion in the world and features the top-ranked fighters of the sport.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ Based in the United States, the UFC produces events worldwide that showcase eleven weight divisions and abide by the Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ As of 2017, the UFC has held over 400 events.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ Dana White serves as the president of the UFC.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ He has held that position since 2001; while under the leadership of Dana White the UFC has grown into a globally popular multibillion-dollar enterprise.", "History of sport __knowledge__ The history of sports may extend as far back as the beginnings of military training, with competition used as a mean to determine whether individuals were fit and useful for service.", "History of sport __knowledge__ Team sports may have developed to train and to prove the capability to fight and also to work together as a team (army).", "History of sport __knowledge__ The history of sport can teach us about social changes and about the nature of sport itself, as sport seems involved in the development of basic human skills.", "History of sport __knowledge__ As one goes further back in history, dwindling evidence makes theories of the origins and purposes of sport more and more difficult to support.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece (), officially the Hellenic Republic (), historically also known as Hellas, is a country in Southern Europe, with a population of approximately /1e6 round 0 million as of .", "Greece __knowledge__ Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki.", "Greece __knowledge__ Greece is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa.", "Greece __knowledge__ Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast.", "Greece __knowledge__ The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland, the Ionian Sea to the west, the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ Horse racing is the second largest spectator sport in Great Britain, and one of the longest established, with a history dating back many centuries.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ It generates over £3.7 billion for the British economy, and the major horseracing events such as Royal Ascot and Cheltenham Festival are important dates in the British and international sporting and society calendar.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ The sport has taken place in the country since Roman times and many of the sport's traditions and rules originated there.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ The Jockey Club, established in 1750, codified the Rules of Racing and one of its members, Admiral Rous laid the foundations of the handicapping system for horse racing, including the weight-for-age scale.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The modern Olympic Games or Olympics () are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ Their creation was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD.", "List of forms of racing __knowledge__ List of different forms of racing.", "List of forms of racing __knowledge__ Running is defined in sporting terms as a gait in which at some point all feet are off the ground at the same time.", "List of forms of racing __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground.", "List of forms of racing __knowledge__ The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.", "List of forms of racing __knowledge__ Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas.", "List of forms of racing __knowledge__ The origins of the Olympics are shrouded in myth, though the first recorded game took place in 776 BCE.", "List of forms of racing __knowledge__ In Gaelic Ireland the Tailteann Games, which featured footraces, are attested from the 6th century CE; medieval chroniclers gave founding dates as early as 1829 BCE." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion allowing humans and other animals to move rapidly on foot.", "Running __knowledge__ Running is a type of gait characterized by an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions).", "Running __knowledge__ This is in contrast to walking, where one foot is always in contact with the ground, the legs are kept mostly straight and the center of gravity vaults over the stance leg or legs in an inverted pendulum fashion.", "Running __knowledge__ A characteristic feature of a running body from the viewpoint of spring-mass mechanics is that changes in kinetic and potential energy within a stride occur simultaneously, with energy storage accomplished by springy tendons and passive muscle elasticity.", "Running __knowledge__ The term running can refer to any of a variety of speeds ranging from jogging to sprinting.", "Running __knowledge__ It is assumed that the ancestors of humankind developed the ability to run for long distances about 2.6 million years ago, probably in order to hunt animals.", "Running __knowledge__ Competitive running grew out of religious festivals in various areas.", "Running __knowledge__ Records of competitive racing date back to the Tailteann Games in Ireland in 1829 BCE, while the first recorded Olympic Games took place in 776 BCE.", "Running __knowledge__ Running has been described as the world's most accessible sport.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ Info-gap decision theory is a non-probabilistic decision theory that seeks to optimize robustness to failure – or opportuneness for windfall – under severe uncertainty, in particular applying sensitivity analysis of the stability radius type to perturbations in the value of a given estimate of the parameter of interest.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has some connections with Wald's maximin model; some authors distinguish them, others consider them instances of the same principle.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has been developed since the 1980s by Yakov Ben-Haim, and has found many applications and described as a theory for decision-making under \"\"severe\" uncertainty\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in \"Dinosaur King\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The English versions of the series use names differing from the Japanese versions; in this article the English names are used.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The D-Team are the protagonists of the series who are very knowledgeable about dinosaurs.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They prevent the Alpha Gang from succeeding in their goal by saving the dinosaurs they can find.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ Among its members are: The Alpha Gang are the primary yet inept antagonists of the first series who abduct any dinosaur cards they find using their own dinosaurs as their muscle.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They conduct experiments on the dinosaur cards they find.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ The International Fortean Organization (INFO) is a network of professional Fortean researchers and writers.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ John Keel, author and parapsychologist, in both his writings and at his appearances at INFO's FortFest, says \"the International Fortean Organization (INFO) carries on Charles Fort's name as successor to the Fortean Society.\"", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ Keel, Colin Wilson and John Michell are long-time advisors to the organization.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ The International Fortean Organization (INFO) published the \"INFO Journal: Science and the Unknown\", keeps a library of Forteana and offered a research service.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ \"Science Digest\", in 1978, mentions their \"attempts to handle inquiries from a world-wide membership\".", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac is an online community, news aggregator and shareware file hosting service covering Apple Inc. products, including the iPhone, iPod and especially the Macintosh.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Established in 1984 as an electronic mailing list, Info-Mac is notable as being the first online community for Apple's then-new Macintosh computer.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac was the dominant Internet resource for Mac OS software and community-based support throughout the 1980s and early 1990s.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac consisted of two distinct services: the \"Info-Mac Archive\", a user-submitted collection of nearly all contemporary freeware and shareware available for the Macintosh, and the \"Info-Mac Digest\", an electronic mailing list open to public participation.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Epi Info is statistical software for epidemiology developed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia (US) and licensed as public domain.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Epi Info has been in existence for over 20 years and is currently available for Microsoft Windows.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ The program allows for electronic survey creation, data entry, and analysis.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Within the analysis module, analytic routines include t-tests, ANOVA, nonparametric statistics, cross tabulations and stratification with estimates of odds ratios, risk ratios, and risk differences, logistic regression (conditional and unconditional), survival analysis (Kaplan Meier and Cox proportional hazard), and analysis of complex survey data.", "BFM TV __knowledge__ BFM TV (, stylised as BFMTV and seen on logo as BFMTV News 24/7) is a 24-hour rolling news and weather channel based in France and available globally via digital, cable and satellite television.", "BFM TV __knowledge__ As the country's most-watched news network with 10 million daily viewers, BFMTV \"boasts a market share in France that is greater than any equivalent news channel around the world\".", "BFM TV __knowledge__ Its economic coverage is \"clearly pro-business, pro-reform, and anti the old consensus\", which is noteworthy because in France, \"economic coverage tends to come from the opposite perspective—the state sector and workers taking precedence over private enterprise\".", "Amiga Hunk __knowledge__ Hunk is the executable file format of tools and programs of the Amiga Operating System based on Motorola 68000 CPU and other processors of the same family.", "Amiga Hunk __knowledge__ This kind of executable got its name from the fact that the software programmed on Amiga is divided in its internal structure into many pieces called \"hunks\", in which every portion could contain either code or data.", "Amiga Hunk __knowledge__ The hunks in an Amiga executable file could exist in various types.", "Amiga Hunk __knowledge__ There are 32-bit hunks, 16-bit hunks, and even some 8-bit hunks.", "Amiga Hunk __knowledge__ Types of hunks were standardized in AmigaOS, and well documented in \"The AmigaDOS Manual\" edited by Commodore to explain to programmers how to code on the Amiga, during the years in which Commodore manufactured Amiga computers.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ The Yup'ik or Yupiaq (sg & pl) and Yupiit or Yupiat (pl), also Central Alaskan Yup'ik, Central Yup'ik, Alaskan Yup'ik (own name \"Yup'ik\" \"Yupiik\" \"Yupiit\" ), are an Eskimo people of western and southwestern Alaska ranging from southern Norton Sound southwards along the coast of the Bering Sea on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (including living on Nelson and Nunivak Islands) and along the northern coast of Bristol Bay as far east as Nushagak Bay and the northern Alaska Peninsula at Naknek River and Egegik Bay.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ They are also known as Cup'ik by the Chevak Cup'ik dialect-speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect-speaking Eskimo of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Central Alaskan Yup'ik or just Yup'ik (also called Yupik, Central Yupik, or indigenously Yugtun) is one of the languages of the Yupik family, in turn a member of the Eskimo–Aleut language group, spoken in western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Both in ethnic population and in number of speakers, Central Alaskan Yup'ik is the largest of the languages spoken by Alaska Natives.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ As of 2010 it was also the second largest aboriginal language in the United States in terms of numbers of speakers.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Yup'ik should not be confused with the related language Central Siberian Yupik spoken in Chukotka and St. Lawrence Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Yup'ik dancing (or dance) or Yuraq, also Yuraqing (Yup'ik \"yuraq\" \"yurak\" \"yurat\" ) is a traditional Eskimo style dancing form usually performed to songs in Yup'ik, with dances choreographed for specific songs which the Yup'ik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik dance for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig dance for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Yup'ik dancing is set up in a very specific and cultural format.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Typically, the men are in the front, kneeling and the women stand in the back.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ The drummers are in the very back of the dance group.", "Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center __knowledge__ The Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center (YPCC), also known as \"Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center and Museum\", formerly known as the \"Yup'ik Museum, Library, and Multipurpose Cultural Center\" (or \"Facility\"), is a non-profit cultural center of the Yup'ik (and sometimes Alaskan Athabaskan of the region) culture centrally located in Bethel, Alaska near the University of Alaska Fairbanks' Kuskokwim Campus and city offices.", "Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center __knowledge__ The center is a unique facility that combines a museum, a library, and multi-purpose cultural activity center including performing arts space, for cultural gatherings, feasts, celebrations, meetings and classes." ] ]

[ 2, 5, 8, 7, 9 ]

[ "running is a type of gait. its charazterize by an aerial phase in which feet are above the ground. i like running in short bursts but not long ones. ", "it can actually refer to a variety of speeds including jogging and sprinting. i thought jogging was separate from running but i see now they are one in the same a lot of times.", "yes, its also an old pastime as records of competitive racing date back to ireland in 1829 BCE. the first recorded olympic games took place in 776 bce.", "yup. competitive running actually grew out of religious festivals!", "no problem! running is our most accessible sport so itis very precious" ]

[ "Running", "Running", "Running", "Running", "Running" ]

[ "Small business\nI opened myself my own small restaurant. We specialize in Korea American fusion cuisine ", "It is really hard to manage all the finances at the same time.", "It is really hard to manage all the finances at the same time.", "Yes I receive little help from the government. With all the taxes I pay sometimes I feel like they are fighting against me.", "Do you own any businesses for yourself?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses are privately owned corporations, partnerships, or sole proprietorships that have fewer employees and/or less annual revenue than a regular-sized business or corporation.", "Small business __knowledge__ Businesses are defined as \"small\" in terms of being able to apply for government support and qualify for preferential tax policy varies depending on the country and industry.", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses range from fifteen employees under the Australian \"Fair Work Act 2009\", fifty employees according to the definition used by the European Union, and fewer than five thousand employees, to qualify for many U.S. Small Business Administration programs.", "Small business __knowledge__ While small businesses can also be classified according to other methods, such as annual revenues, shipments, sales, assets, or by annual gross or net revenue or net profits, the number of employees is one of the most widely used measures.", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses in many countries include service or retail operations such as convenience stores, small grocery stores, bakeries or delicatessens, hairdressers or tradespeople (e.g., carpenters, electricians), restaurants, guest houses, photographers, very small-scale manufacturing, and Internet-related businesses such as web design and computer programming.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Fusion cuisine __knowledge__ Fusion cuisine is cuisine that combines elements of different culinary traditions.", "Fusion cuisine __knowledge__ Cuisines of this type are not categorized according to any one particular cuisine style and have played a part in innovations of many contemporary restaurant cuisines since the 1970s.", "Fusion cuisine __knowledge__ Fusion food is a general term for the combination of various forms of cookery and comes in several forms.", "Fusion cuisine __knowledge__ Regional fusion combines different cuisines of a region or sub-region.", "Fusion cuisine __knowledge__ Asian fusion restaurants, which combine the various cuisines of different Asian countries, have become popular in many parts of the United States and United Kingdom.", "Gianfranco Chiarini __knowledge__ Gianfranco Chiarini (born January 8, 1966) is an Italian celebrity and Michelin starred chef from Ferrara, Italy.", "Gianfranco Chiarini __knowledge__ Chiarini's culinary style is Italian nouvelle fusion cuisine.", "Gianfranco Chiarini __knowledge__ His career has included work in Michelin restaurants, cruise lines and deluxe hotels as well as consultancy, food engineering and research and development (R&D).", "Gianfranco Chiarini __knowledge__ Gianfranco Chiarini was born in Ferrara, Italy and raised in a multicultural environment with Italian-Colombian origins, growing up between Italy, Venezuela and the United States.", "Gianfranco Chiarini __knowledge__ Chiarini was born to Luciano Chiarini Toselli, a marketing professional and Leonor Gonzales de Chiarini an interior designer.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ The is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood and vegetables are also deep-fried in a light batter, as tempura.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Apart from rice, staples include noodles, such as soba and udon.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japan also has many simmered dishes such as fish products in broth called oden, or beef in sukiyaki and nikujaga.", "Cuisine of Hawaii __knowledge__ The cuisine of Hawaii incorporates five distinct styles of food reflecting the diverse food history of settlement and immigration in the Hawaiian Islands.", "Cuisine of Hawaii __knowledge__ In the pre-contact period of Ancient Hawaii (300 AD–1778), Polynesian voyagers brought plants and animals to the Islands.", "Cuisine of Hawaii __knowledge__ As Native Hawaiians settled the area, they fished, raised taro for \"poi\", planted coconuts, sugarcane, sweet potatoes and yams, and cooked meat and fish in earth ovens.", "Cuisine of Hawaii __knowledge__ After first contact in 1778, European and American cuisine arrived along with missionaries and whalers, who introduced their own foods and built large sugarcane plantations." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses are privately owned corporations, partnerships, or sole proprietorships that have fewer employees and/or less annual revenue than a regular-sized business or corporation.", "Small business __knowledge__ Businesses are defined as \"small\" in terms of being able to apply for government support and qualify for preferential tax policy varies depending on the country and industry.", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses range from fifteen employees under the Australian \"Fair Work Act 2009\", fifty employees according to the definition used by the European Union, and fewer than five thousand employees, to qualify for many U.S. Small Business Administration programs.", "Small business __knowledge__ While small businesses can also be classified according to other methods, such as annual revenues, shipments, sales, assets, or by annual gross or net revenue or net profits, the number of employees is one of the most widely used measures.", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses in many countries include service or retail operations such as convenience stores, small grocery stores, bakeries or delicatessens, hairdressers or tradespeople (e.g., carpenters, electricians), restaurants, guest houses, photographers, very small-scale manufacturing, and Internet-related businesses such as web design and computer programming.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series was the 66th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 43rd modern-era Cup season.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season began at Daytona International Speedway, with the Sprint Unlimited, followed by the Daytona 500.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season ended with the Ford EcoBoost 400 at Homestead-Miami Speedway.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ This season was the final year of broadcasting for both the ESPN family of networks and Turner Sports.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ ESPN had covered the second half of the Sprint Cup season since 2007 while Turner Sports ended a thirty-one year relationship with NASCAR on TBS and later TNT.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ For 2015, their portions of the season were divided between Fox Sports and NBC.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Rachel McKenna is a fictional character from the New Zealand soap opera \"Shortland Street\", played by Angela Bloomfield and who made her first appearance in early 1993.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Bloomfield left the role in 1999, before returning in 2001 and departing in 2003.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ She returned in a guest role in 2007 and again in a full-time role in 2009 before departing once again in 2016.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Arriving as part of the McKenna family unit, Rachel debuted in early 1993 alongside her mother Alex (Liddy Holloway), the estranged wife of hospital CEO Michael McKenna (Paul Gittins).", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ The family were later joined by Rachel's homosexual brother Jonathon (Kieren Hutchison).", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ The Organ was a Canadian post-punk band formed in 2001 in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ They officially broke up on December 7, 2006, due to illness and personal conflicts in the band.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ The Organ were conceived in 2001 by frontwoman Katie Sketch, born Katie Ritchie, in Vancouver, BC.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ Sketch's musical training started at the age of three, when she began classical training on the violin.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ Her childhood was spent largely in ignorance of the underground sounds of The Smiths, The Cure, and Joy Division, whom The Organ would later often be favorably compared to.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ \"Tiffany and Bon Jovi – that was my take on ’80s music.\"", "Lauren Branning __knowledge__ Lauren Branning is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\".", "Lauren Branning __knowledge__ The role was originated by Madeline Duggan, who first appeared on 3 July 2006.", "Lauren Branning __knowledge__ Duggan played the role for four years until her exit on 23 June 2010.", "Lauren Branning __knowledge__ Several months later on 27 September, the role was recast with Jacqueline Jossa.", "Lauren Branning __knowledge__ In August 2014, Jossa announced that she was expecting her first child.", "Lauren Branning __knowledge__ In December 2014, Jossa filmed her final scenes prior to taking maternity leave, which aired on 24 February 2015, following the show's 30th anniversary celebrations.", "Lauren Branning __knowledge__ She returned temporarily on 14 September 2015 for her father's murder trial before departing again on 2 October 2015.", "Black Swan dance double controversy __knowledge__ \"Black Swan\" is a 2010 American psychological thriller film about a ballet dancer directed by Darren Aronofsky and starring Natalie Portman, Vincent Cassel, and Mila Kunis.", "Black Swan dance double controversy __knowledge__ After the 83rd Academy Awards, in which Portman won the Oscar for Best Actress for her role in the film as a ballerina, controversy arose over how much credit for the dancing in the film was being given to her and how much to her \"dance double\", American Ballet Theatre soloist Sarah Lane.", "Black Swan dance double controversy __knowledge__ In a March 3, 2011 blog post (written prior to the DVD release) for \"Dance Magazine\", its editor-in-chief Wendy Perron asked why a visual effects video clip showing Lane's face being replaced by Portman's was once available online but later removed from the Internet prior to the Oscars.", "April Kepner __knowledge__ April Kepner M.D., is a fictional character from the television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" which airs on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States.", "April Kepner __knowledge__ The character was created by series producer Shonda Rhimes and is portrayed by actress Sarah Drew.", "April Kepner __knowledge__ She was introduced in the episode \"Invasion\" as a former surgical resident at Mercy West Hospital who joins the staff at Seattle Grace Mercy West after the two hospitals merge to compensate for the absence of some of the central cast members, and was created to be disliked by her colleagues.", "April Kepner __knowledge__ The character was originally set to appear in two episodes, Drew's contract was extended to the remainder of the sixth season, with her becoming a series regular in the seventh season.", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ The 2014 season was Eamon O'Shea's second year as manager of the Tipperary senior hurling team.", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ In October 2013, Brendan Maher was named as the new Tipperary captain for 2014.", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ A statement from the County board read as follows \"Tipperary County Board is pleased to announce that the senior hurling management team have appointed Brendan Maher (Borris-Ileigh) as captain and Noel McGrath (Loughmore Castleiney) as vice captain of the Tipperary senior hurling team for 2014.\"", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ In December 2013, Skoda Ireland announced the extension of its sponsorship of Tipperary GAA another year.", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ The new 2014 Tipperary strip was also unveiled which features an 1884 motif to commemorate 130 years of Tipperary GAA.", "Family farm __knowledge__ A family farm is generally understood to be a farm owned and/or operated by a family; it is sometimes considered to be an estate passed down by inheritance.", "Family farm __knowledge__ It contrasts with farms operated as collectives, trusts, non-family corporations or in other institutionalised forms.", "Family farm __knowledge__ The concept or definition does not easily translate across languages or cultures, as there are substantial differences in the agricultural traditions and histories between countries.", "Family farm __knowledge__ Thus, in the United States, a family farm can be of any size, while in Brazil, the official definition of a family farm (\"agricultura familiar\") is limited to small farms worked primarily by members of a single family.", "Flow-through entity __knowledge__ A flow-through entity (FTE) is a legal entity where income \"flows through\" to investors or owners; that is, the income of the entity is treated as the income of the investors or owners.", "Flow-through entity __knowledge__ Flow-through entities are also known as pass-through entities or fiscally-transparent entities.", "Flow-through entity __knowledge__ Depending on the local tax regulations, this structure can avoid dividend tax and double taxation because only owners or investors are taxed on the revenue.", "Flow-through entity __knowledge__ Technically, for tax purposes, flow-through entities are considered \"non-entities\" because they are not taxed; rather, taxation \"flows-through\" to another tax return.", "Privately held company __knowledge__ A privately held company, private company, or close corporation is a business company owned either by non-governmental organizations or by a relatively small number of shareholders or company members which does not offer or trade its company stock (shares) to the general public on the stock market exchanges, but rather the company's stock is offered, owned and traded or exchanged privately.", "Privately held company __knowledge__ More ambiguous terms for a privately held company are unquoted company and unlisted company.", "Privately held company __knowledge__ Though less visible than their publicly traded counterparts, private companies have major importance in the world's economy.", "S corporation __knowledge__ An S corporation, for United States federal income tax purposes, is a closely held corporation (or, in some cases, a limited liability company (LLC) or a partnership) that makes a valid election to be taxed under Subchapter S of Chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code.", "S corporation __knowledge__ In general, S corporations do not pay any income taxes.", "S corporation __knowledge__ Instead, the corporation's income or losses are divided among and passed through to its shareholders.", "S corporation __knowledge__ The shareholders must then report the income or loss on their own individual income tax returns.", "S corporation __knowledge__ S corporations are ordinary business corporations (or, in some cases, limited liability companies or even partnerships) that elect to pass corporate income, losses, deductions, and credit through to their shareholders for federal tax purposes.", "Municipally owned corporation __knowledge__ Municipally owned corporations are corporations owned by municipalities.", "Municipally owned corporation __knowledge__ They are typically \"organisations with independent corporate status, managed by an executive board appointed primarily by local government officials, and with majority public ownership.\"", "Municipally owned corporation __knowledge__ Some municipally owned corporations rely on revenue from user fees, distinguishing them from agencies and special districts funded through taxation.", "Municipally owned corporation __knowledge__ Municipally owned corporations may also differ from local bureaucracies in funding, transaction costs, financial scrutiny, labour rights, permission to operate outside their jurisdiction, and, under some circumstances, in rights to make profits and risk of bankruptcy.", "Corporatization __knowledge__ Corporatization is the process of transforming state assets, government agencies, or municipal organizations into corporations.", "Corporatization __knowledge__ It refers to a restructuring of government and public organizations into their administration.", "Corporatization __knowledge__ The result of corporatization is the creation of state-owned corporations (or corporations at other government levels, such as municipally owned corporations) where the government retains a majority ownership of the corporation's stock.", "Corporatization __knowledge__ In contrast, the term may also refer to the construction of state corporatism, where state-owned corporations are created and delegated public joint-stock, publicly listed companies, in order to introduce corporate and business management techniques to social tasks resembling corporate nationalism as an alternative to privatization." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses are privately owned corporations, partnerships, or sole proprietorships that have fewer employees and/or less annual revenue than a regular-sized business or corporation.", "Small business __knowledge__ Businesses are defined as \"small\" in terms of being able to apply for government support and qualify for preferential tax policy varies depending on the country and industry.", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses range from fifteen employees under the Australian \"Fair Work Act 2009\", fifty employees according to the definition used by the European Union, and fewer than five thousand employees, to qualify for many U.S. Small Business Administration programs.", "Small business __knowledge__ While small businesses can also be classified according to other methods, such as annual revenues, shipments, sales, assets, or by annual gross or net revenue or net profits, the number of employees is one of the most widely used measures.", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses in many countries include service or retail operations such as convenience stores, small grocery stores, bakeries or delicatessens, hairdressers or tradespeople (e.g., carpenters, electricians), restaurants, guest houses, photographers, very small-scale manufacturing, and Internet-related businesses such as web design and computer programming.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series was the 66th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 43rd modern-era Cup season.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season began at Daytona International Speedway, with the Sprint Unlimited, followed by the Daytona 500.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season ended with the Ford EcoBoost 400 at Homestead-Miami Speedway.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ This season was the final year of broadcasting for both the ESPN family of networks and Turner Sports.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ ESPN had covered the second half of the Sprint Cup season since 2007 while Turner Sports ended a thirty-one year relationship with NASCAR on TBS and later TNT.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ For 2015, their portions of the season were divided between Fox Sports and NBC.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Rachel McKenna is a fictional character from the New Zealand soap opera \"Shortland Street\", played by Angela Bloomfield and who made her first appearance in early 1993.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Bloomfield left the role in 1999, before returning in 2001 and departing in 2003.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ She returned in a guest role in 2007 and again in a full-time role in 2009 before departing once again in 2016.", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ Arriving as part of the McKenna family unit, Rachel debuted in early 1993 alongside her mother Alex (Liddy Holloway), the estranged wife of hospital CEO Michael McKenna (Paul Gittins).", "Rachel McKenna __knowledge__ The family were later joined by Rachel's homosexual brother Jonathon (Kieren Hutchison).", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ The Organ was a Canadian post-punk band formed in 2001 in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ They officially broke up on December 7, 2006, due to illness and personal conflicts in the band.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ The Organ were conceived in 2001 by frontwoman Katie Sketch, born Katie Ritchie, in Vancouver, BC.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ Sketch's musical training started at the age of three, when she began classical training on the violin.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ Her childhood was spent largely in ignorance of the underground sounds of The Smiths, The Cure, and Joy Division, whom The Organ would later often be favorably compared to.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ \"Tiffany and Bon Jovi – that was my take on ’80s music.\"", "Lauren Branning __knowledge__ Lauren Branning is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\".", "Lauren Branning __knowledge__ The role was originated by Madeline Duggan, who first appeared on 3 July 2006.", "Lauren Branning __knowledge__ Duggan played the role for four years until her exit on 23 June 2010.", "Lauren Branning __knowledge__ Several months later on 27 September, the role was recast with Jacqueline Jossa.", "Lauren Branning __knowledge__ In August 2014, Jossa announced that she was expecting her first child.", "Lauren Branning __knowledge__ In December 2014, Jossa filmed her final scenes prior to taking maternity leave, which aired on 24 February 2015, following the show's 30th anniversary celebrations.", "Lauren Branning __knowledge__ She returned temporarily on 14 September 2015 for her father's murder trial before departing again on 2 October 2015.", "Black Swan dance double controversy __knowledge__ \"Black Swan\" is a 2010 American psychological thriller film about a ballet dancer directed by Darren Aronofsky and starring Natalie Portman, Vincent Cassel, and Mila Kunis.", "Black Swan dance double controversy __knowledge__ After the 83rd Academy Awards, in which Portman won the Oscar for Best Actress for her role in the film as a ballerina, controversy arose over how much credit for the dancing in the film was being given to her and how much to her \"dance double\", American Ballet Theatre soloist Sarah Lane.", "Black Swan dance double controversy __knowledge__ In a March 3, 2011 blog post (written prior to the DVD release) for \"Dance Magazine\", its editor-in-chief Wendy Perron asked why a visual effects video clip showing Lane's face being replaced by Portman's was once available online but later removed from the Internet prior to the Oscars.", "April Kepner __knowledge__ April Kepner M.D., is a fictional character from the television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\" which airs on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States.", "April Kepner __knowledge__ The character was created by series producer Shonda Rhimes and is portrayed by actress Sarah Drew.", "April Kepner __knowledge__ She was introduced in the episode \"Invasion\" as a former surgical resident at Mercy West Hospital who joins the staff at Seattle Grace Mercy West after the two hospitals merge to compensate for the absence of some of the central cast members, and was created to be disliked by her colleagues.", "April Kepner __knowledge__ The character was originally set to appear in two episodes, Drew's contract was extended to the remainder of the sixth season, with her becoming a series regular in the seventh season.", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ The 2014 season was Eamon O'Shea's second year as manager of the Tipperary senior hurling team.", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ In October 2013, Brendan Maher was named as the new Tipperary captain for 2014.", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ A statement from the County board read as follows \"Tipperary County Board is pleased to announce that the senior hurling management team have appointed Brendan Maher (Borris-Ileigh) as captain and Noel McGrath (Loughmore Castleiney) as vice captain of the Tipperary senior hurling team for 2014.\"", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ In December 2013, Skoda Ireland announced the extension of its sponsorship of Tipperary GAA another year.", "2014 Tipperary senior hurling team season __knowledge__ The new 2014 Tipperary strip was also unveiled which features an 1884 motif to commemorate 130 years of Tipperary GAA.", "Regulatory Flexibility Act __knowledge__ The Regulatory Flexibility Act is perhaps the most comprehensive effort by the U.S. federal government to balance the social goals of federal regulations with the needs and capabilities of small businesses and other small entities in American society.", "Regulatory Flexibility Act __knowledge__ In practice, the RFA has been an interesting and much-imitated attempt to \"scale\" the actions of the federal government to the size of the groups and organizations affected.", "Regulatory Flexibility Act __knowledge__ Passed in 1980, the RFA has been gradually strengthened in the intervening years, and has historically enjoyed strong bipartisan support.", "Regulatory Flexibility Act __knowledge__ Since the federal government began calculating the economic impact of the RFA in 1998, the law is estimated to have saved small entities (and the U.S. economy as a whole) more than $200 billion without undermining the broad purposes of the regulations it affects.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Marketplace Fairness Act __knowledge__ The Marketplace Fairness Act is proposed legislation pending in the United States Congress that would enable state governments to collect sales taxes and use taxes from remote retailers with no physical presence in their state.", "Marketplace Fairness Act __knowledge__ Identical versions were introduced into both the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate during the 113th United States Congress.", "Marketplace Fairness Act __knowledge__ During the previous, 112th Congress, a bill () was considered but expired without enactment.", "Marketplace Fairness Act __knowledge__ The current bill (the Marketplace Fairness Act of 2013) was introduced on February 14, 2013, in the House as and in the Senate as .", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Economy of the United States __knowledge__ The economy of the United States is a highly developed mixed economy.", "Economy of the United States __knowledge__ It is the world's largest economy by nominal GDP and second largest by purchasing power parity (PPP).", "Economy of the United States __knowledge__ It has the world's seventh-highest per capita GDP (nominal) and eleventh-highest per capita GDP (PPP) in 2016.", "Economy of the United States __knowledge__ The U.S. dollar is the currency most used in international transactions and is the world's foremost reserve currency, backed by its science and technology, its military, the full faith of the US government to reimburse its debts, its central role in a range of international institutions since World War II and the petrodollar system.", "Small Business Administration __knowledge__ The Small Business Administration (SBA) is a United States government agency that provides support to entrepreneurs and small businesses.", "Small Business Administration __knowledge__ The mission of the Small Business Administration is \"to maintain and strengthen the nation's economy by enabling the establishment and viability of small businesses and by assisting in the economic recovery of communities after disasters\".", "Small Business Administration __knowledge__ The agency's activities are summarized as the \"3 Cs\" of capital, contracts and counseling.", "Small Business Administration __knowledge__ SBA loans are made through banks, credit unions and other lenders who partner with the SBA.", "Small Business Administration __knowledge__ The SBA provides a government-backed guarantee on part of the loan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses are privately owned corporations, partnerships, or sole proprietorships that have fewer employees and/or less annual revenue than a regular-sized business or corporation.", "Small business __knowledge__ Businesses are defined as \"small\" in terms of being able to apply for government support and qualify for preferential tax policy varies depending on the country and industry.", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses range from fifteen employees under the Australian \"Fair Work Act 2009\", fifty employees according to the definition used by the European Union, and fewer than five thousand employees, to qualify for many U.S. Small Business Administration programs.", "Small business __knowledge__ While small businesses can also be classified according to other methods, such as annual revenues, shipments, sales, assets, or by annual gross or net revenue or net profits, the number of employees is one of the most widely used measures.", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses in many countries include service or retail operations such as convenience stores, small grocery stores, bakeries or delicatessens, hairdressers or tradespeople (e.g., carpenters, electricians), restaurants, guest houses, photographers, very small-scale manufacturing, and Internet-related businesses such as web design and computer programming.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ Tax resistance has probably existed ever since rulers began imposing taxes on their subjects.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ It has been suggested that tax resistance played a significant role in the collapse of several empires, including the Egyptian, Roman, Spanish, and Aztec.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ Many rebellions and revolutions have been prompted by resentment of taxation or had tax refusal as a component.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ Examples of historic events that originated as tax revolts include the Magna Carta, the American Revolution, and the French Revolution.", "List of historical acts of tax resistance __knowledge__ This page is a partial list of global tax revolts and tax resistance actions that have come to the attention of Wikipedia's editors.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ U.S.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Senator John McCain (R-AZ), a member of the U.S. Congress since 1983, a two-time U.S. presidential candidate, and the nominee of the Republican Party in the 2008 U.S. Presidential election, has taken positions on many political issues through his public comments, his presidential campaign statements, and his senatorial voting record.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Online, McCain uses his Senate web site and his 2008 campaign web site to describe his political positions.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Regarding the general notion of consistency of political positions over time, McCain said in June 2008: \"My principles and my practice and my voting record are very clear.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 was an adopted initiative constitutional amendment in the state of California on the November 5, 1996 statewide election ballot.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 revolutionized local and regional government finance in California.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Called the “Right to Vote on Taxes Act,” Proposition 218 was sponsored by the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association as a constitutional follow-up to the landmark property tax revolt initiative constitutional amendment, Proposition 13, approved by California voters on June 6, 1978.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 was drafted by constitutional attorneys Jonathan Coupal and Jack Cohen.", "California Proposition 218 (1996) __knowledge__ Proposition 218 amended the California Constitution by adding Article XIII C and Article XIII D. Article XIII C relates to voter approval requirements for local government taxes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Marketplace Fairness Act __knowledge__ The Marketplace Fairness Act is proposed legislation pending in the United States Congress that would enable state governments to collect sales taxes and use taxes from remote retailers with no physical presence in their state.", "Marketplace Fairness Act __knowledge__ Identical versions were introduced into both the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate during the 113th United States Congress.", "Marketplace Fairness Act __knowledge__ During the previous, 112th Congress, a bill () was considered but expired without enactment.", "Marketplace Fairness Act __knowledge__ The current bill (the Marketplace Fairness Act of 2013) was introduced on February 14, 2013, in the House as and in the Senate as .", "London congestion charge __knowledge__ The London congestion charge is a fee charged on most motor vehicles operating within the Congestion Charge Zone (CCZ) in Central London between 07:00 and 18:00 Mondays to Fridays.", "London congestion charge __knowledge__ It is not charged on weekends, public holidays or between Christmas Day and New Year's Day (inclusive).", "London congestion charge __knowledge__ The charge was introduced on 17 February 2003. , the London charge zone remains as one of the largest congestion charge zones in the world, despite the cancellation of the Western Extension which operated between February 2007 and January 2011.", "London congestion charge __knowledge__ The charge aims to reduce high traffic flow and pollution in the central area and raise investment funds for London's transport system.", "Watsco __knowledge__ Watsco, Inc. is the largest distributor of air conditioning, heating and refrigeration equipment and related parts and supplies (HVAC/R) in the United States.", "Watsco __knowledge__ Watsco was founded more than 60 years ago as a manufacturer of parts, components and tools used in the HVAC/R industry.", "Watsco __knowledge__ Under the leadership of its current CEO, Albert H. Nahmad, from 1973 to 1988 Watsco grew from US$5 million in revenues to US$25 million.", "Watsco __knowledge__ In 1989, the company shifted its focus from manufacturing to distribution by acquiring Gemaire Distributors Inc., a South Florida-based Rheem distributor.", "Watsco __knowledge__ By 1997, Watsco added other OEMs to the mix and moved into commercial refrigeration as a result of the acquisition of Baker Distributing Company.", "Federal Department of Home Affairs __knowledge__ The Federal Department of Home Affairs (FDHA, , , , ) is a department of the federal administration of Switzerland and serves as the Swiss ministry of the interior.", "Federal Department of Home Affairs __knowledge__ As of 2012, it is headed by Federal Councillor Alain Berset.", "Federal Department of Home Affairs __knowledge__ Like the other federal departments, the FDHA is composed of a General Secretariat, several Federal Offices, and a number of other and affiliated administrative entities.", "Federal Department of Home Affairs __knowledge__ The General Secretariat is responsible for planning, coordination and controlling, and coordinates the decision-making process between the federal offices and the Head of Department.", "Federal Department of Home Affairs __knowledge__ It provides consultancy services for the entire department.", "Middle-market company __knowledge__ Authorities provide differing definitions of the middle-market or mid-market companies.", "Middle-market company __knowledge__ While some authorities look to revenue generated by companies to define the middle market, other sources regard either asset size or number of employees as a better metric for comparing company sizes.", "Middle-market company __knowledge__ Definitions of the middle market are generally derived by dividing the United States economy into three categories: small business, middle-market, and big business.", "Middle-market company __knowledge__ According to figures collected by the U.S. Census Bureau, the total revenue of all U.S. businesses in 2012 was roughly $32.6 trillion.", "Middle-market company __knowledge__ The largest of these companies, which are big businesses with revenue of over $3 billion, make up roughly one-third of that total, and businesses with a revenue of under $100 million made up about another third of the total revenue.", "Compaq __knowledge__ Compaq (a portmanteau of Compatibility And Quality; occasionally referred to as CQ prior to its final logo) was a company founded in 1982 that developed, sold, and supported computers and related products and services.", "Compaq __knowledge__ Compaq produced some of the first IBM PC compatible computers, being the first company to legally reverse engineer the IBM Personal Computer.", "Compaq __knowledge__ It rose to become the largest supplier of PC systems during the 1990s before being overtaken by Hewlett-Packard (HP) in 2001.", "Compaq __knowledge__ Struggling to keep up in the price wars against Dell, as well as with a risky acquisition of Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), Compaq was acquired for US$25 billion by HP in 2002." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses are privately owned corporations, partnerships, or sole proprietorships that have fewer employees and/or less annual revenue than a regular-sized business or corporation.", "Small business __knowledge__ Businesses are defined as \"small\" in terms of being able to apply for government support and qualify for preferential tax policy varies depending on the country and industry.", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses range from fifteen employees under the Australian \"Fair Work Act 2009\", fifty employees according to the definition used by the European Union, and fewer than five thousand employees, to qualify for many U.S. Small Business Administration programs.", "Small business __knowledge__ While small businesses can also be classified according to other methods, such as annual revenues, shipments, sales, assets, or by annual gross or net revenue or net profits, the number of employees is one of the most widely used measures.", "Small business __knowledge__ Small businesses in many countries include service or retail operations such as convenience stores, small grocery stores, bakeries or delicatessens, hairdressers or tradespeople (e.g., carpenters, electricians), restaurants, guest houses, photographers, very small-scale manufacturing, and Internet-related businesses such as web design and computer programming.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ Edwardsburgh/Cardinal is a township in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville of eastern Ontario, Canada.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ Edwardsburgh township was first surveyed in 1783, and incorporated in 1850.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ The township was formerly a part of the historical Grenville County before it merged with Leeds County to form the United Counties in the 19th century.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ The Township of Edwardsburgh/Cardinal was formed on January 1, 2001, through the amalgamation of Edwardsburgh Township with the Village of Cardinal.", "Edwardsburgh/Cardinal __knowledge__ It is a historical community with many old homes and buildings; including one-room school houses, grist mills, and churches.", "Consumer arbitration __knowledge__ Disputes between consumers and businesses that are arbitrated are resolved by an independent neutral arbitrator rather than in court.", "Consumer arbitration __knowledge__ Although parties can agree to arbitrate a particular dispute after it arises or may agree that the award is non-binding, most consumer arbitrations occur pursuant to a pre-dispute arbitration clause where the arbitrator's award is binding.", "Consumer arbitration __knowledge__ In the United States, there is an ongoing debate over the use of arbitration clauses in consumer contracts.", "Consumer arbitration __knowledge__ Differences between arbitration and litigation include the costs of resolving a case, the speed of resolution, and the procedure of resolving a case, including how and where the arbitration is conducted and the availability of discovery.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ Sick leave (or paid sick days or sick pay) is time off from work that workers can use to stay home to address their health and safety needs without losing pay.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ Paid sick leave is a statutory requirement in many nations.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ Most European, many Latin American, a few African and a few Asian countries have legal requirements for paid sick leave.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ The Book of Leviticus prescribed (7) days of medical isolation for a skin condition in chapter 13.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ Already in 1500 BCE, at least some of the workers who built the tombs of Egyptian pharaohs received paid sick leave as well as state-supported health care.", "Sick leave __knowledge__ In nations without laws mandating paid sick leave, some employers choose to offer it.", "African-American businesses __knowledge__ African-American businesses, also known as black-owned businesses or black businesses, originated in the days of slavery before 1865.", "African-American businesses __knowledge__ Emancipation and civil rights permitted businessmen to operate inside the American legal structure starting in the Reconstruction Era (1863–77) and afterwards.", "African-American businesses __knowledge__ By the 1890s, thousands of small business operations had opened in urban areas.", "African-American businesses __knowledge__ The most rapid growth came in the early 20th century, as the increasingly rigid Jim Crow system of segregation moved urban blacks into a community large enough to support a business establishment.", "African-American businesses __knowledge__ The National Negro Business League, Promoted by college president Booker T. Washington the League opened over 600 chapters, reaching every city with a significant black population.", "Small and medium-sized enterprises __knowledge__ Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs, also small and medium enterprises) or small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) are businesses whose personnel numbers fall below certain limits.", "Small and medium-sized enterprises __knowledge__ The abbreviation \"SME\" is used in the European Union and by international organizations such as the World Bank, the United Nations and the World Trade Organization (WTO).", "Small and medium-sized enterprises __knowledge__ Small enterprises outnumber large companies by a wide margin and also employ many more people.", "Small and medium-sized enterprises __knowledge__ SMEs are also said to be responsible for driving innovation and competition in many economic sectors.", "Small and medium-sized enterprises __knowledge__ Petrakis and Kostis (2012) explore the role of interpersonal trust and knowledge in the number of small and medium enterprises.", "Little Saigon __knowledge__ Little Saigon is a name given to ethnic enclaves of expatriate Vietnamese mainly in English-speaking countries.", "Little Saigon __knowledge__ Alternate names include Little Vietnam and Little Hanoi (mainly in historically communist nations), depending on the enclave's political history.", "Little Saigon __knowledge__ Saigon is the former name of the capital of the former South Vietnam, where a large number of first-generation Vietnamese immigrants arriving to the United States originate, whereas Hanoi is the current capital of Vietnam.", "Little Saigon __knowledge__ The most well-established and largest Vietnamese-American enclaves, not all of which are called Little Saigon, are in Orange County, California; San Jose, California; and Houston, Texas.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ A convenience store is a small retail business that stocks a range of everyday items such as groceries, snack foods, confectionery, soft drinks, tobacco products, over-the-counter drugs, toiletries, newspapers, and magazines.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ In some jurisdictions, corner stores are licensed to sell alcohol, typically beer and wine.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ Such stores may also offer money order and wire transfer services.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ They differ from general stores and village shops in that they are not in a rural location and are used as a convenient supplement to larger stores.", "Convenience store __knowledge__ A convenience store may be part of a gas/petrol station, so customers can purchase goods conveniently while filling their vehicle with fuel.", "Grocery store __knowledge__ A grocery store is a retail store that primarily sells food.", "Grocery store __knowledge__ A grocer is a bulk seller of food.", "Grocery store __knowledge__ Grocery stores often offer non-perishable food that is packaged in bottles, boxes, and cans; some also have bakeries, butchers, delis, and fresh produce.", "Grocery store __knowledge__ Large grocery stores that stock significant amounts of non-food products, such as clothing and household items, are called supermarkets.", "Grocery store __knowledge__ Some large supermarkets also include a pharmacy, and customer service, redemption, and electronics sections.", "Grocery store __knowledge__ In Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States, supermarkets and convenience stores are sometimes described as grocery businesses, or simply grocers.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ Sunday shopping or Sunday trading refers to the ability of retailers to operate stores on Sunday, a day that Christian tradition typically recognises as a day of rest.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ Rules governing shopping hours, such as Sunday shopping, vary around the world but some countries and subnational jurisdictions continue to ban or restrict Sunday shopping.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ Sunday shopping has its main argument in the consumer welfare.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ Extended opening hours afford more time to individuals in order to make their choices.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ They allow individuals to avoid peak shopping hours and having to queue in their free time.", "Sunday shopping __knowledge__ A deontological argument based on individualist principles holds that business owners should be free to set whatever hours they please and to hire whatever workers are available, able, and willing to work during those hours.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., doing business as Walmart, is an American multinational retail corporation that operates a chain of hypermarkets, discount department stores, and grocery stores.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas, the company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962 and incorporated on October 31, 1969.", "Walmart __knowledge__ It also owns and operates Sam's Club retail warehouses.", "Walmart __knowledge__ Walmart has 11,703 stores and clubs in 28countries, operating under 59 differentnames.", "Walmart __knowledge__ The company operates under the name Walmart in the United States and Canada, as Walmart de México y Centroamérica in Mexico and Central America, as Asda in the United Kingdom, as the Seiyu Group in Japan, and as Best Price in India.", "Retail __knowledge__ Retail markets and shops have a very ancient history, dating back to antiquity.", "Retail __knowledge__ Over the centuries, retail shops were transformed from little more than \"rude booths\" to the sophisticated shopping malls of the modern era.", "Retail __knowledge__ Retailing involves the process of selling consumer goods or Services to customers through multiple channels of distribution to earn a profit.", "Retail __knowledge__ Retailers satisfy demand identified through a supply chain.", "Retail __knowledge__ Some of the earliest retailers were itinerant peddlers.", "Retail __knowledge__ The term \"retailer\" is typically applied where a service provider fills the small orders of a large number of individuals, who are end-users, rather than large orders of a small number of wholesale, corporate or government clientele.", "Shopping hours __knowledge__ Customs and regulations for shopping hours (times that shops are open) vary from countries to cities.", "Shopping hours __knowledge__ Some countries, particularly those with predominantly Christian populations or histories do not allow Sunday shopping.", "Shopping hours __knowledge__ In Islamic countries some shops are closed on Fridays for noontime prayers.", "Shopping hours __knowledge__ In Israel many shops are sometimes closed on Friday evening and Saturday during the daytime for Shabbat (the Jewish Sabbath).", "Shopping hours __knowledge__ Each state in Australia sets its own standard trading hours, but in most of the country the shops are open seven days a week for at least part of the day.", "Shopping hours __knowledge__ For some shops and other businesses in culturally Christian countries, Christmas Day is the only day in the year that they are closed." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 5, 2 ]

[ "I have a small one myself, They are privately owned corporations, partnerships, or sole proprietorships ", "Businesses are defined as \"small\" in terms of being able to apply for government support. I think small businesses should be helped to grow", "While small businesses can also be classified according to other methods, such as annual revenues, shipments, sales", "Like all places small businesses include service or retail operations such as convenience stores, small grocery stores, bakeries or delicatessens", "I do art work on the side but preferential tax policy varies depending on the country and industry." ]

[ "Small business", "Small business", "Small business", "Small business", "Small business" ]

[ "Face Off (TV series)", "I have only seen a couple episodes but the ones I have seen were amazing. Do you know much about Face off?", "They can create so much. It's astonishing. Has the show been around a long time?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Face Off is an American reality television game show on the Syfy cable network in which a group of prosthetic makeup artists compete against each other to create prostheses such as those found in science fiction and horror films.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode features one or more challenges, with the work reviewed by a panel of judges and eliminating one or more artists each week until a final winner is chosen.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Actress McKenzie Westmore, known for her role as Sheridan Crane on the former NBC/DirecTV soap opera \"Passions\" and a member of the Westmore family of makeup artists, serves as the show's host.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ For each assignment, the contestants' work is individually evaluated by a panel of professional special effects makeup artists who serve as judges.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ These judges have included Academy Award-winning makeup artist Ve Neill, and television and film makeup artist Glenn Hetrick, creature designer and director Patrick Tatopoulos (Season 1 - 3), and Neville Page (Season 3 - present).", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Industry figures and artists including Brian Grazer, Kevin Smith, Paul W. S. Anderson, Greg Nicotero, Rick Baker, Doug Jones, Len Wiseman and Gale Anne Hurd have served as guest judges.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ \"Face Off\" premiered January 26, 2011 on Syfy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Face Off is an American reality television game show on the Syfy cable network in which a group of prosthetic makeup artists compete against each other to create prostheses such as those found in science fiction and horror films.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode features one or more challenges, with the work reviewed by a panel of judges and eliminating one or more artists each week until a final winner is chosen.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Actress McKenzie Westmore, known for her role as Sheridan Crane on the former NBC/DirecTV soap opera \"Passions\" and a member of the Westmore family of makeup artists, serves as the show's host.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ For each assignment, the contestants' work is individually evaluated by a panel of professional special effects makeup artists who serve as judges.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ These judges have included Academy Award-winning makeup artist Ve Neill, and television and film makeup artist Glenn Hetrick, creature designer and director Patrick Tatopoulos (Season 1 - 3), and Neville Page (Season 3 - present).", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Industry figures and artists including Brian Grazer, Kevin Smith, Paul W. S. Anderson, Greg Nicotero, Rick Baker, Doug Jones, Len Wiseman and Gale Anne Hurd have served as guest judges.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ \"Face Off\" premiered January 26, 2011 on Syfy.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from the British comedy-drama Shameless, created by Paul Abbott, which began broadcasting on Channel 4 in 2004.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The programme is set on the fictinal Chatsworth Estate in suburban Manchester and the surrounding area, and primarily follows the lives of the Gallagher family and the neighbouring Maguire family, and their friends and neighbours in the town's shops and local pub The Jockey.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The first series focuses on layabout Frank Gallagher and the lives of his six children, Fiona and boyfriend Steve, Lip, Ian, Carl, Debbie and Liam, and next-door neighbours, Kev and Veronica.", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Nickelodeon sitcom Victorious.", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ The series centers on Tori Vega, a student of Hollywood Arts High School, who gets into wacky screwball situations on a daily basis.", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ Tori Vega (Victoria Justice) is the younger sister of Trina Vega and attends Hollywood Arts, a performing arts high school, along with her sister.", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ When Trina experiences an allergic reaction to a Chinese herb before a big showcase at school, Tori is volunteered by Andre to take her place since she knew the piece meant to be played.", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ Tori performs \"Make it Shine\" (the \"Victorious\" theme song) and everyone is impressed with her performance, including the principal, who offers her enrollment to the school.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Beyoncé for her fourth studio album, \"4\" (2011).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ It was released by Columbia Records in the United States on May 25, 2011, as a promotional single.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ Serving as the opening track on \"4\", it was written and produced by The-Dream, Tricky Stewart .", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" was originally titled \"Nothing But Love\" and by Corey-Jackson Carter & The-Dream & he had initially planned to include it on his second studio album, \"Love vs. Money\" (2009).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ A down-tempo contemporary R&B and soul music power ballad, \"1+1\" Beyoncé expressing her endless love to her soul mate; the lyrics make strong statements about the power of the relationship.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ The Amazing Spider-Man is a 2012 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man, and sharing the title of the character's longest-running comic book.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ It is the fourth theatrical \"Spider-Man\" film produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Entertainment, and a reboot of Sam Raimi's \"Spider-Man\" 2002-2007 trilogy preceding it.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Marc Webb.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ It was written by James Vanderbilt, Alvin Sargent and Steve Kloves and it stars Andrew Garfield as Peter Parker / Spider-Man, Emma Stone as Gwen Stacy, Rhys Ifans as Dr. Curtis Connors, Denis Leary as NYPD Captain George Stacy, along with Martin Sheen and Sally Field as the uncle and aunt of Peter Parker, Ben Parker and May Parker.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ The fictional Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man, who debuted in 1962, is well known for his unique superhuman abilities as depicted in the comics and other media.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He receives most of his powers when he is bitten by a radioactive common house spider.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He uses his technical skill to develop equipment and weapons to complement his powers, and wears a number of costumes, many of which have special properties.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ When Peter Parker was bitten by an irradiated spider, radioactive mutagenic enzymes in the spider's venom quickly caused numerous body-wide changes.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ Immediately after the bite, he was granted his original powers: primarily superhuman strength, reflexes, and balance; the ability to cling tenaciously to most surfaces; and a subconscious ability to sense everything in his surroundings, which he called a \"spider-sense\".", "Reality television __knowledge__ Reality television is a genre of television programming that documents supposedly unscripted real-life situations, and often features an otherwise unknown cast of individuals who are typically not professional actors, although in some shows celebrities may participate.", "Reality television __knowledge__ It differs from documentary television in that the focus tends to be on drama, personal conflict, and entertainment rather than educating viewers.", "Reality television __knowledge__ An early term for the format was \"docu-soap\".", "Reality television __knowledge__ The genre has various standard tropes, including \"confessionals\" (also called \"talking heads\" or \"interview segments\") used by cast members to express their thoughts, which often double as the shows' narration.", "Social media and television __knowledge__ Social media and television broadcasting have a number of connections and interrelationships.", "Social media and television __knowledge__ In the 2010s, social media technologies and websites allow for television shows to be accessed online on a range of desktop and mobile computer devices, smartphones and smart TVs.", "Social media and television __knowledge__ As well, online users can use social media websites to share digital video clips or excerpts from TV shows with fellow fans or even share an entire show online.", "Social media and television __knowledge__ Many social media websites enable users to post online comments on the programs—both negative and positive—in a variety of ways.", "Social media and television __knowledge__ Viewers can actively participate while watching a TV program by posting comments online, and have their interactions viewed and responded to in real time by other viewers.", "Val Kahl __knowledge__ Val Kahl (born Valérie Kahl) is a French television host, radio host, journalist, and producer.", "Val Kahl __knowledge__ She is known in France as the winner of the Reality Television competition show \"Le Grand Casting de la Télé\" on NRJ12 network in 2010, a Reality TV Show looking for their next television host.", "Val Kahl __knowledge__ She also went viral for her parody of the interview gone wrong between the French TV host Enora Malagré and Pharrell Williams on Virgin Radio in 2015, which was a massive hit in the French media.", "Val Kahl __knowledge__ Val Kahl has been hosting pop culture, awards ceremonies, lifestyle and Extreme Makeover shows on NRJ12 (\"Paris C Fou\", \"Tellement Cannes\", \"Les Coulisses des NRJ Music Awards\", \"10 Jours pour Tout changer\", \"Mes amis les People\", \"Val by Night\", and \"Une famille au top\").", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The manga series \"Rurouni Kenshin\" features a large cast of fictional characters created by Nobuhiro Watsuki.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ Set in Japan during the Meiji period, several of the characters are real historical figures who interact with the fictional characters.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The story follows a pacifist wanderer named Himura Kenshin, who was previously an assassin known as \"\"Hitokiri Battōsai\"\" working for the Isshin Shishi during the Bakumatsu period.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ After helping Kamiya Kaoru, the instructor of a kendo school in Tokyo, in defeating a criminal he is invited by her to stay at her dojo.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ During his stay in Tokyo, Kenshin befriends new people including Myōjin Yahiko, a young child descendant from a samurai family who starts training under Kaoru, Sagara Sanosuke, a former Sekihō who enjoys fighting, and Takani Megumi, a doctor involved with the illegal drug trade.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Great Reality TV Swindle __knowledge__ The Great Reality TV Swindle (also known as Project MS-2) was a con perpetrated in 2002 by Nik Russian, a British man who, at the time, was working at an entry-level position in a branch of the UK book chain Waterstone's.", "Great Reality TV Swindle __knowledge__ Russian placed advertisements in major publications that invited people to audition for a year-long reality television programme where they could potentially win a prize of .", "Great Reality TV Swindle __knowledge__ After receiving hundreds of responses, he auditioned some of them on Raven's Ait in London, then selected 30 successful auditionees to take part, without informing them that no actual programme had been commissioned.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Dear... is The Grace's second Japanese album released on January 9, 2009.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The title track \"\"Sukoshi de Ikara\" (少しでいいから) (A Little Bit of Good)\" was used as the movie \"Subaru\" soundtrack song.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Tenjochiki's second studio album includes 2 singles released from July 2008 in Japan including the B-side of their 7th single \"Here\": \"Near: Thoughtful 1220\" and the album consists of a total of 9 tracks.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The album peaked #14 on Oricon daily album charts and #37 on the Oricon weekly album charts, charted for 3 weeks and sold 4,734 copies, making their most successful Japanese album so far.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Known as “The Grace” in Korea and “Tenjo Chiki” in Japan, the pop group consists of So." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Face Off is an American reality television game show on the Syfy cable network in which a group of prosthetic makeup artists compete against each other to create prostheses such as those found in science fiction and horror films.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode features one or more challenges, with the work reviewed by a panel of judges and eliminating one or more artists each week until a final winner is chosen.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Actress McKenzie Westmore, known for her role as Sheridan Crane on the former NBC/DirecTV soap opera \"Passions\" and a member of the Westmore family of makeup artists, serves as the show's host.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ For each assignment, the contestants' work is individually evaluated by a panel of professional special effects makeup artists who serve as judges.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ These judges have included Academy Award-winning makeup artist Ve Neill, and television and film makeup artist Glenn Hetrick, creature designer and director Patrick Tatopoulos (Season 1 - 3), and Neville Page (Season 3 - present).", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ Industry figures and artists including Brian Grazer, Kevin Smith, Paul W. S. Anderson, Greg Nicotero, Rick Baker, Doug Jones, Len Wiseman and Gale Anne Hurd have served as guest judges.", "Face Off (TV series) __knowledge__ \"Face Off\" premiered January 26, 2011 on Syfy.", "The Astonishing __knowledge__ The Astonishing is the thirteenth studio album by American progressive metal band Dream Theater, released on January 29, 2016 through Roadrunner Records, their last on the label.", "The Astonishing __knowledge__ It is the band's second concept album (as well as their second studio double album), with a story conceived by guitarist John Petrucci and music written by Petrucci and keyboardist Jordan Rudess.", "The Astonishing __knowledge__ Composer David Campbell assisted with orchestrating the album's strings and choirs.", "The Astonishing __knowledge__ The album was recorded throughout 2015 at Cove City Sound Studios in Long Island, New York, with the exception of vocals, which were recorded in Canada, piano and organ which were recorded in Astoria and orchestra and choir recordings in Prague.", "Astonishing X-Men __knowledge__ Astonishing X-Men is the name of four X-Men comic book series from Marvel Comics, the first two of which were limited series.", "Astonishing X-Men __knowledge__ The ongoing series began in 2004, with its first run written by Joss Whedon and art by John Cassaday.", "Astonishing X-Men __knowledge__ It was then written by Warren Ellis with art by Simone Bianchi and Phil Jimenez.", "Astonishing X-Men __knowledge__ Daniel Way and Christos Gage then took over the title writing alternating stories.", "Astonishing X-Men __knowledge__ They were followed by James Asmus who wrote one issue, then Greg Pak, who took over for four issues in November 2011.", "Astonishing X-Men __knowledge__ Marjorie Liu wrote the final 21 issues of the series until its end at issue #68 (October 2013).", "Cyclops (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ Cyclops (Scott Summers) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics and is a founding member of the X-Men.", "Cyclops (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Kirby, the character first appeared in the comic book \"The X-Men\" #1 (September 1963).", "Cyclops (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ Cyclops is a member of a subspecies of humans known as mutants, who are born with superhuman abilities.", "Cyclops (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ Cyclops can emit powerful beams of energy from his eyes.", "Cyclops (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ He cannot control the beams without the aid of special eyewear which he must wear at all times.", "Cyclops (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ He is typically considered the first of the X-Men, a team of mutant heroes who fight for peace and equality between mutants and humans, and one of the team's primary leaders.", "Astonishing Stories __knowledge__ Astonishing Stories was an American pulp science fiction magazine, published by Popular Publications between 1940 and 1943.", "Astonishing Stories __knowledge__ It was founded under Popular's \"Fictioneers\" imprint, which paid lower rates than Popular's other magazines.", "Astonishing Stories __knowledge__ The magazine's first editor was Frederik Pohl, who also edited a companion publication, \"Super Science Stories\".", "Astonishing Stories __knowledge__ After nine issues Pohl was replaced by Alden H. Norton, who subsequently rehired Pohl as an assistant.", "Astonishing Stories __knowledge__ The budget for \"Astonishing\" was very low, which made it difficult to acquire good fiction, but through his membership in the Futurians, a group of young science fiction fans and aspiring writers, Pohl was able to find material to fill the early issues.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Kitty Pryde __knowledge__ Katherine Anne \"Kitty\" Pryde is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, commonly in association with the X-Men.", "Kitty Pryde __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"Uncanny X-Men\" #129 (January 1980) and was co-created by writer-artist John Byrne and Chris Claremont.", "Kitty Pryde __knowledge__ A mutant, Pryde possesses a \"phasing\" ability that allows her, as well as objects or people she is in contact with, to become intangible.", "Kitty Pryde __knowledge__ This power also disrupts any electrical field she passes through, and lets her simulate levitation.", "Kitty Pryde __knowledge__ The youngest person to join the X-Men, she was first portrayed as a \"kid sister\" to many older members of the X-Men, filling the role of literary foil to the more established characters.", "Lost Girl __knowledge__ Lost Girl is a Canadian supernatural drama television series that premiered on Showcase on September 12, 2010, and ran for five seasons.", "Lost Girl __knowledge__ It follows the life of a bisexual succubus named Bo, played by Anna Silk, as she learns to control her superhuman abilities, help those in need, and discover the truth about her origins.", "Lost Girl __knowledge__ The series was created by Michelle Lovretta and produced by Jay Firestone and Prodigy Pictures Inc., with the participation of the Canadian Television Fund (Canada Media Fund), and in association with Shaw Media.", "Lost Girl __knowledge__ Following good ratings and positive reviews, it was renewed for a second season on November 12, 2010 (two months after its premiere), with the episodes order afterwards increased to 22 episodes; a third season on December 9, 2011; a fourth season on February 28, 2013; and a fifth on February 27, 2014.", "Conters im Prättigau __knowledge__ Conters im Prättigau () is a Swiss village in the Prättigau and a municipality in the politial district of Prättigau/Davos Region in the canton of Graubünden.", "Conters im Prättigau __knowledge__ Conters im Prättigau is first mentioned in 1290 as \"Cunters\".", "Conters im Prättigau __knowledge__ Conters im Prättigau has an area, , of .", "Conters im Prättigau __knowledge__ Of this area, 49.4% is used for agricultural purposes, while 45% is forested.", "Conters im Prättigau __knowledge__ Of the rest of the land, 1.3% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (4.4%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).", "Conters im Prättigau __knowledge__ Before 2017, the municipality was located in the Küblis sub-district of the Oberlandquart district, after 2017 it was part of the Prättigau/Davos Region.", "Seewis im Prättigau __knowledge__ Seewis im Prättigau is a Swiss village in the Prättigau and a municipality in the Prättigau/Davos Region in the canton of Graubünden.", "Seewis im Prättigau __knowledge__ Seewis im Prättigau is first mentioned in 1224 as \"de Sevve\".", "Seewis im Prättigau __knowledge__ In 1622, Fidelis of Sigmaringen a Capuchin friar, was martyred in the Counter-Reformation at Seewis.", "Seewis im Prättigau __knowledge__ Seewis im Prättigau has an area, , of .", "Seewis im Prättigau __knowledge__ Of this area, 41.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 34% is forested.", "Seewis im Prättigau __knowledge__ Of the rest of the land, 2% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (22.6%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).", "Seewis im Prättigau __knowledge__ Before 2017, the municipality was located in the Seewis sub-district of the Prättigau/Davos district, after 2017 it was part of the Prättigau/Davos Region.", "Theatrical makeup __knowledge__ Theatrical makeup is makeup that is used to assist in creating the appearance of the characters that actors portray during a theater production.", "Theatrical makeup __knowledge__ In Greek and Roman theatre, makeup was unnecessary.", "Theatrical makeup __knowledge__ Actors wore various masks, allowing them to portray another gender, age, or entirely different likeness.", "Theatrical makeup __knowledge__ Thespis, considered to be the first actor, used white lead and wine to paint his face.", "Theatrical makeup __knowledge__ In medieval Europe, actors altered their appearances by painting their faces a different color.", "Theatrical makeup __knowledge__ Performers who portrayed God painted their faces white or gold; actors playing angels painted their faces red.", "Theatrical makeup __knowledge__ During the Renaissance, actors were creative and resourceful when making-over their faces.", "Lost Girl (season 1) __knowledge__ \"Lost Girl\" is a Canadian supernatural drama television series that premiered on Showcase on September 12, 2010.", "Lost Girl (season 1) __knowledge__ The series was created by Michelle Lovretta and is produced by Jay Firestone, Prodigy Pictures Inc., and Keyframe Digital Productions, Inc., with the participation of the Canadian Television Fund (Canada Media Fund), and in association with Shaw Media.", "Lost Girl (season 1) __knowledge__ It follows the life of a bisexual succubus named Bo, played by Anna Silk, as she learns to control her superhuman abilities, help those in need, and discover the truth about her origins.", "Lost Girl (season 1) __knowledge__ \"Lost Girl\" premiered on Showcase on September 12, 2010.", "Way Bandy __knowledge__ Way Bandy (August 9, 1941 – August 13, 1986) was an American make-up artist.", "Way Bandy __knowledge__ During the 1970s, Bandy became one of the most well known and highest paid make-up artist in the fashion industry.", "Way Bandy __knowledge__ Photographer and frequent collaborator Francesco Scavullo called Bandy \"one of the great makeup artists of our time.\"", "Way Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy was born Ronald Duane Wright in Birmingham, Alabama, the second of three sons of a middle-class family.", "Way Bandy __knowledge__ Bandy later admitted that his childhood was difficult as he was not interested in \"traditional masculine things—fishing, hunting, baseball\" like his brothers.", "Way Bandy __knowledge__ As a child, Bandy preferred to read, sew and take piano lessons." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 7 ]

[ "Faace off is a pretty cool reality tv show", "Face off is a syfy show about makeup artists competeing against each other", "Face off premiered in 2011 so not too long" ]

[ "Face Off (TV series)", "Face Off (TV series)", "Face Off (TV series)" ]

[ "Dieting\nHi, hope you are doing good. I'm pretty good, but I'm on a diet and it can be HARD!", "I know, plus there are so many different view points on the best method. Suggestions?", "Well, carbs can get you, for sure. I watch carbs, but maybe need more protein too. ", "Yes, it is hard, and you're right, healthy doesn't always taste great. But, I do love a fresh salad. Do you like salads?", "I don't think I've had a Greek salad before, but I love grilled chicken salads too. And a salad does sound good, I think I will for dinner" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials found no difference between low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, and low-fat diets, with a 2–4 kilogram weight loss over 12–18 months in all studies.", "Dieting __knowledge__ At two years, all calorie-reduced diet types cause equal weight loss irrespective of the macronutrients emphasized.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In general, the most effective diet is any which reduces calorie consumption.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A study published in \"American Psychologist\" found that short-term dieting involving \"severe restriction of calorie intake\" does not lead to \"sustained improvements in weight and health for the majority of individuals\".", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Pretty Good Dance Moves is an indietronica band from Chicago, Illinois in the United States.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Their sound, sometimes also labeled as electropop, is influenced by 1980s new wave, electronic, pop and indie rock genres.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Pretty Good Dance Moves started in 2007 in Chicago when Aaron and Jimmy met while bartending together in Chicago.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Their parents are of Italian and Greek-Cyprian descent respectively.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Pretty Good Dance Moves's first songs were \"P.G.D.M\" and \"Demons Dancing\" which were recorded between June and September 2007.", "Pretty Good Dance Moves __knowledge__ Jimmy and Aaron were looking for some female presence in the group and called up Genevieve Schatz from Chicago band Company of Thieves and started to create music together.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ The 2015 AAA Texas 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on November 8, 2015, at Texas Motor Speedway in Fort Worth, Texas.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Contested over 334 laps on the 1.5 mile (2.4 km) intermediate quad-oval, it was the 34th race of the 2015 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season, eighth race of the Chase and second race of the Eliminator Round.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Jimmie Johnson won the race, his fifth of the season.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Brad Keselowski finished second.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Kevin Harvick, Kyle Busch and Carl Edwards rounded out the top-five.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Keselowski won the pole for the race and led a race high of 312 laps on his way to a runner-up finish.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ The race had 15 lead changes among eight different drivers, as well as nine caution flag periods for 47 laps.", "Grampa in Oz __knowledge__ Grampa in Oz (1924) is the eighteenth in the series of Oz books created by L. Frank Baum and his successors, and the fourth written by Ruth Plumly Thompson.", "Grampa in Oz __knowledge__ Things are going from bad to worse in the dilapidated kingdom of Ragbad; even the rag crop is failing.", "Grampa in Oz __knowledge__ To top it all off (or not), King Fumbo's head is blown away in a ferocious storm (with \"ten thousand pounds of thunder\").", "Grampa in Oz __knowledge__ Prince Tatters of Ragbad, and Grampa, a former soldier and the bravest man in the kingdom (population 27), set out on a three-fold quest: for King Fumbo's lost head, a fortune to save the bankrupt kingdom, and a princess for Tatters to marry.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer __knowledge__ \"Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer\" is a song written by Troy Jones, and recorded by American country music artist Billy Currington.", "Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer __knowledge__ It was released in May 2010 as the lead-off single to his fourth album \"Enjoy Yourself\" (2010).", "Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer __knowledge__ The song received mixed reviews from critics divided over the lyrics.", "Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer __knowledge__ \"Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer\" gave Currington his fourth number-one country hit on the \"Billboard\" Country Airplay chart.", "Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer __knowledge__ It also peaked outside the top 40 of the Hot 100 chart at number 41.", "Pretty Good at Drinkin' Beer __knowledge__ The song was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), denoting sales of over 1,000,000 copies in the United States.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials found no difference between low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, and low-fat diets, with a 2–4 kilogram weight loss over 12–18 months in all studies.", "Dieting __knowledge__ At two years, all calorie-reduced diet types cause equal weight loss irrespective of the macronutrients emphasized.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In general, the most effective diet is any which reduces calorie consumption.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A study published in \"American Psychologist\" found that short-term dieting involving \"severe restriction of calorie intake\" does not lead to \"sustained improvements in weight and health for the majority of individuals\".", "Transfer pricing __knowledge__ In taxation and accounting, transfer pricing refers to the rules and methods for pricing transactions between enterprises under common ownership or control.", "Transfer pricing __knowledge__ Because of the potential for cross-border controlled transactions to distort taxable income, tax authorities in many countries can adjust intragroup transfer prices that differ from what would have been charged by unrelated enterprises dealing at arm’s length (the arm’s-length principle).", "Transfer pricing __knowledge__ The OECD and World Bank recommend intragroup pricing rules based on the arm’s-length principle, and 19 of the 20 members of the G20 have adopted similar measures through bilateral treaties and domestic legislation, regulations, or administrative practice.", "Chinese garden __knowledge__ The Chinese garden is a landscape garden style which has evolved over three thousand years.", "Chinese garden __knowledge__ It includes both the vast gardens of the Chinese emperors and members of the imperial family, built for pleasure and to impress, and the more intimate gardens created by scholars, poets, former government officials, soldiers and merchants, made for reflection and escape from the outside world.", "Chinese garden __knowledge__ They create an idealized miniature landscape, which is meant to express the harmony that should exist between man and nature.", "Chinese garden __knowledge__ A typical Chinese garden is enclosed by walls and includes one or more ponds, rock works, trees and flowers, and an assortment of halls and pavilions within the garden, connected by winding paths and zig-zag galleries.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ A touchpoint can be defined as any way a consumer can interact with a business, whether it be person-to-person, through a website, an app or any form of communication (“Touchpoint Glossary”, n.d.).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ When consumers come in contact with these touchpoints it gives them the opportunity to compare their prior perceptions of the business and form an opinion (Stein, & Ramaseshan, 2016).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints in marketing communications are the varying ways that a brand interacts and displays information to prospective customers and current customers.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints allow customers to have experiences every time they “touch’ any part of the product, service, brand or organization, across multiple channels and various points in time (Pantano and Milena, 2015 and Zomerdijk and Voss, 2010).", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "Heart of Gold (Firefly) __knowledge__ \"Heart of Gold\" is the 13th episode of the science fiction television series \"Firefly\" created by Joss Whedon.", "Heart of Gold (Firefly) __knowledge__ It is the last of three episodes that were not broadcast in the original 2002 Fox run.", "Heart of Gold (Firefly) __knowledge__ A Companion-trained friend of Inara's who runs a brothel calls for help from \"Serenity\" when a local bigwig reveals his intentions to take his baby from the woman he impregnated.", "Heart of Gold (Firefly) __knowledge__ At a brothel in the middle of a barren land, a powerful man named Ranse Burgess (Fredric Lehne), accompanied by thugs, approaches the madam, Nandi (played by Melinda Clarke), demanding to see a woman named Petaline (Tracy Leah Ryan).", "Jean Metzinger __knowledge__ Jean Dominique Antony Metzinger (; 24 June 1883 – 3 November 1956) was a major 20th-century French painter, theorist, writer, critic and poet, who along with Albert Gleizes wrote a theoretical work on Cubism.", "Jean Metzinger __knowledge__ His earliest works, from 1900 to 1904, were influenced by the Neo-impressionism of Georges Seurat and Henri-Edmond Cross.", "Jean Metzinger __knowledge__ Between 1904 and 1907 Metzinger worked in the Divisionist and Fauvist styles with a strong Cézannian component, leading to some of the first proto-Cubist works.", "Jean Metzinger __knowledge__ From 1908 Metzinger experimented with the faceting of form, a style that would soon become known as Cubism.", "Jean Metzinger __knowledge__ His early involvement in Cubism saw him both as an influential artist and an important theorist of the movement.", "Incompatibilism __knowledge__ Incompatibilism is the view that a deterministic universe is completely at odds with the notion that persons have a free will; that there is a dichotomy between determinism and free will where philosophers must choose one or the other.", "Incompatibilism __knowledge__ This view is pursued in at least three ways: libertarians deny that the universe is deterministic, the hard determinists deny that any free will exists, and pessimistic incompatibilists (hard indeterminists) deny both that the universe is determined and that free will exists.", "Incompatibilism __knowledge__ Incompatiblism is contrasted with compatibilism, which rejects the determinism/free will dichotomy.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples is the fifth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season premiered on January 1, 2008 with ten overweight couples competing for a cash prize of $250,000.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ This season featured Alison Sweeney as the host, with trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels; all three returning from season four.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ Although the contestants came in as teams of two (couples), the grand prize was eventually awarded to an individual.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ In the end Ali Vincent won, making her the first female winner in the history of the United States \"Biggest Loser\" series.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ Total Votes counts only votes that are revealed at elimination.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ Diet plays an important role in the genesis of obesity.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ Personal choices, advertising, social customs and cultural influences, as well as food availability and pricing all play a role in determining what and how much an individual eats.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ The dietary energy supply is the food available for human consumption, usually expressed in kilocalories per person per day.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ It gives an overestimate of the total amount of food consumed as it reflects both food consumed and food wasted.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ The per capita dietary energy supply varies markedly between different regions and countries.", "Diet and obesity __knowledge__ It has also changed significantly over time." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials found no difference between low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, and low-fat diets, with a 2–4 kilogram weight loss over 12–18 months in all studies.", "Dieting __knowledge__ At two years, all calorie-reduced diet types cause equal weight loss irrespective of the macronutrients emphasized.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In general, the most effective diet is any which reduces calorie consumption.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A study published in \"American Psychologist\" found that short-term dieting involving \"severe restriction of calorie intake\" does not lead to \"sustained improvements in weight and health for the majority of individuals\".", "Ferrari Lampredi engine __knowledge__ Aurelio Lampredi designed a number of racing engines for Ferrari.", "Ferrari Lampredi engine __knowledge__ He was brought on to hedge the company's bets with a different engine family than the small V12s designed by Gioacchino Colombo.", "Ferrari Lampredi engine __knowledge__ Lampredi went on to design a number of different Inline-4, Inline-6, and V12 engines through the 1950s, and it was these that would power the company's string of world championships that decade.", "Ferrari Lampredi engine __knowledge__ All were quickly abandoned, however, with the Dino V6 and V8 taking the place of the fours and sixes and evolution of the older Colombo V12 continuing as the company's preeminent V12.", "Ferrari Lampredi engine __knowledge__ Enzo Ferrari and Lampredi were interested in creating extremely reliable engines for racing use.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Beer in Canada was introduced by European settlers in the seventeenth century.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The first commercial brewery was La Brasseries due Roy [sic] started by New France Intendant Jean Talon, in Québec City in 1668.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Many commercial brewers thrived until Prohibition in Canada.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The provincial and federal governments' attempt to eliminate \"intoxicating\" beverages led to the closing of nearly three quarters of breweries between 1878 and 1928.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ It was only in the second half of the twentieth century that a significant number of new breweries opened up.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The Canadian Beer industry now plays an important role in Canadian identity, though globalization of the brewing industry has seen the major players in Canada acquired by, or merged with, foreign companies, notably its three largest beer producers, Labatt, Molson and Sleeman.", "Suzuki GSX-R750 __knowledge__ Suzuki GSX-R750 is a family of \"750 cc\" sports motorcycles from Suzuki's GSX-R series of motorcycles.", "Suzuki GSX-R750 __knowledge__ Looking like a Suzuki Endurance racer, it can be considered to be the first affordable, modern racer-replica suitable for road use.", "Suzuki GSX-R750 __knowledge__ It was introduced at the Cologne Motorcycle Show in October 1984.", "Suzuki GSX-R750 __knowledge__ The air and oil cooled models can be divided into the first generation and second generation, colloquially referred to as 'slabbies' and 'slingshots' respectively.", "Suzuki GSX-R750 __knowledge__ The 1985-1987 models featured very flat bodies compared to modern sport-bikes, hence the term 'slab-sided'.", "Suzuki GSX-R750 __knowledge__ The 1988-1991 (1992 USA) models are sometimes referred to as slingshots because the carburetors introduced in 1988 were marketed as slingshot carburetors (slingshot describes the cross section of the semi-flat slide carbs).", "The Hot Rod Dogs and Cool Car Cats __knowledge__ The Hot Rod Dogs and Cool Car Cats was a British-American cartoon series which aired between 1995 and 1996 on ITV kids strand CITV, and was recently shown on Scottish children's programme \"wknd@stv\".", "The Hot Rod Dogs and Cool Car Cats __knowledge__ The series was about anthropomorphic automobiles that bore resemblances to cats and dogs.", "The Hot Rod Dogs and Cool Car Cats __knowledge__ The main characters are freedom fighters trying to save their homeworld of Autopia from The Crusher.", "The Hot Rod Dogs and Cool Car Cats __knowledge__ The show ran for two seasons, each consisting of 26 ten-minute episodes.", "The Hot Rod Dogs and Cool Car Cats __knowledge__ Hot Rod: A red dog-car, and the main character of the series.", "The Hot Rod Dogs and Cool Car Cats __knowledge__ He was on his way to camp when he was captured by The Crusher's forces.", "The Hot Rod Dogs and Cool Car Cats __knowledge__ He managed to escape and join the resistance movement.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ A cyclic ketogenic diet (or carb-cycling) is a low-carbohydrate diet with intermittent periods of high or moderate carbohydrate consumption.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ This is a form of the general ketogenic diet that is used as a way to maximize fat loss while maintaining the ability to perform high-intensity exercise.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ A ketogenic diet limits the number of grams of carbohydrate the dieter may eat, which may be anywhere between 0 and 50g per day.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The remainder of the caloric intake must come primarily from fat sources, as well as protein sources, in order to maintain ketosis.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ (Ketosis is the condition in which the body burns fats and uses ketones instead of glucose for fuel.)", "Volvo B4B engine __knowledge__ Volvo's first overhead valve passenger car engine was the inline-four B4B of 1944 and its descendants, the B14A and B16.", "Volvo B4B engine __knowledge__ These were cast iron engines, and used just three main bearings.", "Volvo B4B engine __knowledge__ Introduced in 1944, the B4B displaced and powered the Volvo PV444.", "Volvo B4B engine __knowledge__ It was a departure for Volvo who had not produced an automobile with a four-cylinder engine in nearly 20 years.", "Volvo B4B engine __knowledge__ The B4B was equipped with a single down-draught carburetor.", "Volvo B4B engine __knowledge__ Suppliers of ancillaries included Autolite (ignition distributors and generators), Zenith and Carter (carburetors), and Bosch (ignition distributors, generators and starter motors.)", "Fat Bastard (character) __knowledge__ Fat Bastard is a fictional character in the second and third films of the \"Austin Powers\" series.", "Fat Bastard (character) __knowledge__ A morbidly obese henchman hailing from Scotland, Fat Bastard serves Dr.", "Fat Bastard (character) __knowledge__ Evil in his quest to destroy Austin Powers.", "Fat Bastard (character) __knowledge__ The character is portrayed by Mike Myers.", "Fat Bastard (character) __knowledge__ His extreme size and weight (1 metric tonne, according to Dr.", "Fat Bastard (character) __knowledge__ Evil) endows Fat Bastard with massive strength.", "Fat Bastard (character) __knowledge__ He exhibited this prowess in the sumo ring in the third movie.", "Fat Bastard (character) __knowledge__ Fat Bastard is noted for his foul temper, his emotional monologues that ends with him farting, his vulgar manners, and his unusual diet.", "Fat Bastard (character) __knowledge__ These go as far as to include a cannibalistic taste for human infants and midgets, whom he gluttonously calls, \"The \"other\", other white meat\".", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Low-carbohydrate diets or low-carb diets are dietary programs that restrict carbohydrate consumption.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Foods high in easily digestible carbohydrates (e.g., sugar, bread, pasta) are limited or replaced with foods containing a higher percentage of fats and moderate protein (e.g., meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, eggs, cheese, nuts, and seeds) and other foods low in carbohydrates (e.g., most salad vegetables such as spinach, kale, chard and collards), although other vegetables and fruits (especially berries) are often allowed.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ The amount of carbohydrate allowed varies with different low-carbohydrate diets.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Human nutrition deals with the provision of essential nutrients in food that are necessary to support human life and health.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Generally, people can survive up to 40 days without food, a period largely dependent on the amount of water consumed, stored body fat, muscle mass and genetic factors.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Poor nutrition is a chronic problem often linked to poverty, a poor understanding of nutrition and dietary practices, and deficient sanitation and food security.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Malnutrition and its consequences are large contributors to deaths and disabilities worldwide.", "Human nutrition __knowledge__ Good nutrition helps children grow physically, promotes human biological development and helps in the eradication of poverty.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism, or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.", "Bodybuilding __knowledge__ Bodybuilding is the use of progressive resistance exercise to control and develop one's musculature.", "Bodybuilding __knowledge__ An individual who engages in this activity is referred to as a bodybuilder.", "Bodybuilding __knowledge__ In professional bodybuilding, bodybuilders appear in lineups and perform specified poses (and later individual posing routines) for a panel of judges who rank the competitors based on criteria such as symmetry, muscularity, and conditioning.", "Bodybuilding __knowledge__ Bodybuilders prepare for competitions through a combination of intentional dehydration, elimination of nonessential body fat, and carbohydrate loading to achieve maximum vascularity, as well as tanning to accentuate muscular definition.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Normally, the carbohydrates contained in food are converted into glucose, which is then transported around the body and is particularly important in fueling brain-function.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ However, if there is little carbohydrate in the diet, the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketone bodies pass into the brain and replace glucose as an energy source.", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Equine nutrition is the feeding of horses, ponies, mules, donkeys, and other equines.", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Correct and balanced nutrition is a critical component of proper horse care.", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Horses are non-ruminant herbivores of a type known as a \"hindgut fermenter.\"", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Horses have only one stomach, as do humans.", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ However, unlike humans, they also have to utilize plant fiber (largely cellulose) that comes from grass and hay.", "Equine nutrition __knowledge__ Ruminants like cattle are foregut fermenters, and digest fiber in plant matter by use of a multi-chambered stomach, whereas horses use microbial fermentation in a part of the digestive system known as the \"cecum\" (or \"caecum\") to break down the cellulose." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials found no difference between low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, and low-fat diets, with a 2–4 kilogram weight loss over 12–18 months in all studies.", "Dieting __knowledge__ At two years, all calorie-reduced diet types cause equal weight loss irrespective of the macronutrients emphasized.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In general, the most effective diet is any which reduces calorie consumption.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A study published in \"American Psychologist\" found that short-term dieting involving \"severe restriction of calorie intake\" does not lead to \"sustained improvements in weight and health for the majority of individuals\".", "Salad __knowledge__ A salad is a dish consisting of a mixture of small pieces of food, usually predominantly vegetables.", "Salad __knowledge__ They are typically served at room temperature or chilled, with notable exceptions such as south German potato salad which is served warm.", "Salad __knowledge__ Salads may contain virtually any type of ready-to-eat food.", "Salad __knowledge__ Garden salads use a base of leafy greens like lettuce, arugula, kale or spinach; they are common enough that the word \"salad\" alone often refers specifically to garden salads.", "Salad __knowledge__ Other types include bean salad, tuna salad, fattoush, Greek salad, and Japanese sōmen salad (a noodle-based salad).", "Salad __knowledge__ The sauce used to flavor a salad is commonly called a salad dressing; most salad dressings are based on either a mixture of oil and vinegar or a fermented milk product.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ Palestinian cuisine consists of foods from or commonly eaten by Palestinians—which includes those living in Palestine, Israel, Jordan, refugee camps in nearby countries as well as by the Palestinian diaspora.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisine is a diffusion of the cultures of civilizations that settled in the region of Palestine, particularly during and after the Islamic era beginning with the Arab Ummayad conquest, then the eventual Persian-influenced Abbasids and ending with the strong influences of Turkish cuisine, resulting from the coming of the Ottoman Turks.", "Palestinian cuisine __knowledge__ It is similar to other Levantine cuisines, including Lebanese, Syrian and Jordanian.", "Thai salads __knowledge__ Salads that are internationally known as Thai salads, with a few exceptions, fall into four main methods of preparation.", "Thai salads __knowledge__ In Thai cuisine these are called yam, tam, lap and phla.", "Thai salads __knowledge__ A few additional dishes can also be regarded as being a salad.", "Thai salads __knowledge__ Thai salads often do not have raw vegetables or fruit as their main ingredient but use minced meat, seafood or noodles instead.", "Thai salads __knowledge__ Similar to salads in the West, these dishes often have a souring agent, usually lime juice, and feature the addition of fresh herbs and other greens in their preparation.", "Thai salads __knowledge__ Thai salads are not served as entrées but normally eaten as one of the main dishes in a Thai buffet-style meal, together with rice (depending on the region this can be glutinous rice or non-glutinous rice) or the Thai rice noodle called \"khanom chin\".", "Arab cuisine __knowledge__ Arab cuisine () is the cuisine of the Arabs, defined as the various regional cuisines spanning the Arab world, from the Maghreb to the Fertile Crescent and the Arabian Peninsula.", "Arab cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisines are often centuries old and reflect the culture of great trading in spices, herbs, and foods.", "Arab cuisine __knowledge__ The three main regions, also known as the Maghreb, the Fertile Crescent, and the Arabian Peninsula have many similarities, but also many unique traditions.", "Arab cuisine __knowledge__ These kitchens have been influenced by the climate, cultivating possibilities, as well as trading possibilities.", "Arab cuisine __knowledge__ The kitchens of the Maghreb and Levant are relatively young kitchens that were developed over the past centuries.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Second Chances is the eighth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Danny Cahill, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ This season premiered on NBC on Tuesday, September 15, 2009.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The season's theme meant that each of the candidates had met with heartbreak and tragedy during their lifetime.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ Among notable stories, Shay Sorrells grew up in foster care while her mother unsuccessfully struggled with heroin addiction, while Abby Rike lost her husband and children in a head-on collision caused by a speeding driver.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 3 is the ninth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Michael Ventrella, the finalist with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ It first aired January 5, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ After six episodes, \"The Biggest Loser\" went on hiatus and returned after the 2010 Winter Olympics on March 2, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The live finale aired on May 25, 2010.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ The season premiered on NBC on January 5, 2010 and tallied its best premiere rating ever, powering NBC to the adults 18-49 ratings win for that night.", "The Biggest Loser (season 9) __knowledge__ \"Biggest Loser: Couples\" was up 2% from its January, 2009 premiere to a 4.6 adults 18-49 rating.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials found no difference between low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, and low-fat diets, with a 2–4 kilogram weight loss over 12–18 months in all studies.", "Dieting __knowledge__ At two years, all calorie-reduced diet types cause equal weight loss irrespective of the macronutrients emphasized.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In general, the most effective diet is any which reduces calorie consumption.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A study published in \"American Psychologist\" found that short-term dieting involving \"severe restriction of calorie intake\" does not lead to \"sustained improvements in weight and health for the majority of individuals\".", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Salad __knowledge__ A salad is a dish consisting of a mixture of small pieces of food, usually predominantly vegetables.", "Salad __knowledge__ They are typically served at room temperature or chilled, with notable exceptions such as south German potato salad which is served warm.", "Salad __knowledge__ Salads may contain virtually any type of ready-to-eat food.", "Salad __knowledge__ Garden salads use a base of leafy greens like lettuce, arugula, kale or spinach; they are common enough that the word \"salad\" alone often refers specifically to garden salads.", "Salad __knowledge__ Other types include bean salad, tuna salad, fattoush, Greek salad, and Japanese sōmen salad (a noodle-based salad).", "Salad __knowledge__ The sauce used to flavor a salad is commonly called a salad dressing; most salad dressings are based on either a mixture of oil and vinegar or a fermented milk product.", "Burger King grilled chicken sandwiches __knowledge__ International fast-food restaurant chain Burger King and its Australian franchise Hungry Jack's have had a variety of grilled chicken sandwiches in their product portfolio since 1990.", "Burger King grilled chicken sandwiches __knowledge__ The BK Broiler was the first iteration, and was one of the most successful product introductions in the fast food industry to that point in time.", "Burger King grilled chicken sandwiches __knowledge__ However sales dropped in the following two years, and the product was reformulated and renamed to the Chicken Whopper to align the product with the company's Whopper Sandwich.", "Burger King grilled chicken sandwiches __knowledge__ A change of ownership of Burger King in 2004 prompted another reformulation of the product into the BK Baguette product line that focused on a more health-oriented product.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Greek salad __knowledge__ Greek salad or Horiatiki salad ( \"villages' salad\", \"rustic salad\" or θερινή σαλάτα \"summer salad\") is a salad in Greek cuisine.", "Greek salad __knowledge__ Greek salad is made with pieces of tomatoes, sliced cucumbers, onion, feta cheese (usually served as a slice on top of the other ingredients), and olives (usually Kalamata olives), typically seasoned with salt and oregano, and dressed with olive oil.", "Greek salad __knowledge__ Common additions include green bell pepper slices or berries of capers (especially in the Dodecanese islands).", "Greek salad __knowledge__ Greek salad is often imagined as a farmer's breakfast or lunch, as its ingredients resemble those that a Greek farmer might have on hand.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Chinese chicken salad __knowledge__ Chinese chicken salad is a salad with chopped chicken; therein, flavored with and styled by Chinese culinary ingredients and techniques that are both common and popularly adapted in parts of the United States.", "Chinese chicken salad __knowledge__ Though many variations exist, common features of most Chinese chicken salads contain: cut romaine lettuce and cabbage (or other lettuce); chicken (typically breast meat); deep-fried wonton (cut dough skins) or rice vermicelli; and nuts (sliced almonds, cashews or peanuts).", "Chinese chicken salad __knowledge__ A basic vinaigrette for the salad includes ingredients like vegetable oil, sesame oil, rice vinegar (or citrus juice); plus, optional seasonings such as dry hot mustard, sesame seeds, coriander and raw ginger or pickled ginger.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"" ] ]

[ 0, 0, 74, 16, 32 ]

[ "You are so right about that. I like to eat and limiting calories I eat is quite difficult.", "I don't really know, but I try to limit carbohydrates and eat more protein.", "It's hard to eat healthy, don't you think? Trying to balance the right nutrients and eat things that taste good can be another challenge.", "Yes! I love a good grilled chicken salad or even a Greek salad. That sounds good right now.", "I've only had it a couple times, but I really liked the feta cheese. It's not something I would normally make at home." ]

[ "Dieting", "Dieting", "Dieting", "Dieting", "Dieting" ]

[ "New York City", "Amazing, when was the city founded?", "Do you have the figures? ", "Wow such a huge figure, what's the big deal about New York that is making people go there?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but \"Amazing\" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ \"Amazing\" was published, with some interruptions, for almost eighty years, going through a half-dozen owners and many editors as it struggled to be profitable.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Gernsback was forced into bankruptcy and lost control of the magazine in 1929, and by 1938 it was purchased by Ziff-Davis, who hired Raymond A. Palmer as editor.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends\" characters.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Peter Parker (Spider-Man), Bobby Drake (Iceman), and Angelica Jones (Firestar) are all college students at Empire State University.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ After working together to defeat the Beetle and recovering the \"Power Booster\" he stole from Tony Stark (a.k.a.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Iron Man, who rewards them with the advanced computer systems seen in several episodes and the opening titles) the trio decide to team-up permanently as the \"Spider-Friends\".", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ They live together in Peter's Aunt May's home with her and a pet dog, Ms.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Lion, a Lhasa Apso, who often acts as comic relief.", "Östersund __knowledge__ Östersund (; ) is an urban area (city) in Jämtland in the middle of Sweden.", "Östersund __knowledge__ It is the seat of Östersund Municipality and the capital of Jämtland County.", "Östersund __knowledge__ Östersund is located at the shores of Sweden's fifth largest lake, Storsjön, opposite the island Frösön, and is the only city in Jämtland.", "Östersund __knowledge__ Östersund is the region's cultural and economical centre and by tradition a city of trade and commerce.", "Östersund __knowledge__ Östersund had one of the most extensive garrisons in Sweden prior to its closure in the early-21st century.", "Östersund __knowledge__ The city is the Mid Sweden University's largest campus site with approximately 7,000 students.", "Östersund __knowledge__ With a total population of 44,327 (2010) Östersund is the 22nd most populous city in Sweden, the 46th most populous city in Scandinavia, and by far the largest inland city in Northern Sweden.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The Amazing Race is an American reality competition show in which typically eleven teams of two race around the world.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The race is generally split into twelve legs, with each leg requiring teams to deduce clues, navigate themselves in foreign areas, interact with locals, perform physical and mental challenges, and vie for airplane, boat, taxi, and other public transportation options on a limited budget provided by the show.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Teams are progressively eliminated at the end of most legs, while the first team to arrive at the end of the final leg wins the grand prize of .", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ As the original version of the \"Amazing Race\" franchise, the CBS program has been running since 2001.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ \"Amazing Grace\" is a Christian hymn published in 1779, with words written by the English poet and Anglican clergyman John Newton (1725–1807).", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ Newton wrote the words from personal experience.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ He grew up without any particular religious conviction, but his life's path was formed by a variety of twists and coincidences that were often put into motion by his recalcitrant insubordination.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ He was pressed (conscripted) into service in the Royal Navy, and after leaving the service, he became involved in the Atlantic slave trade.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ In 1748, a violent storm battered his vessel off the coast of County Donegal, Ireland, so severely that he called out to God for mercy, a moment that marked his spiritual conversion.", "History of Valdivia __knowledge__ Valdivia is one of the few cities in southern Chile with a more less contineous and well documented history from its foundation in the 16th century onwards.", "History of Valdivia __knowledge__ The site of Valdivia may have been populated since 12,000 – 11,800 B.P according to archaeological discoveries in Monte Verde (less than 200 km south of Valdivia), which would place it about a thousand years before the Clovis culture in North America.", "History of Valdivia __knowledge__ This have challenged the models of migration to the New World and it is possible that the first inhabitants of Valdivia and Chile travelled to America by watercraft and not across a land-bridge in the Bering Strait.", "Santa Bárbara d'Oeste __knowledge__ Santa Bárbara d'Oeste is a municipality in the State of São Paulo in Brazil.", "Santa Bárbara d'Oeste __knowledge__ It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas.", "Santa Bárbara d'Oeste __knowledge__ It lies about northwest of the State capital.", "Santa Bárbara d'Oeste __knowledge__ It occupies an area of , of which is urban.", "Santa Bárbara d'Oeste __knowledge__ In 2010, the population was estimated at 180,148 by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, making it the 43rd most populous city in São Paulo and the sixth largest in the metropolitan region of Campinas.", "Santa Bárbara d'Oeste __knowledge__ Santa Bárbara d'Oeste has an annual average temperature of , and the original vegetation of the area predominates.", "Santa Bárbara d'Oeste __knowledge__ The city has an urbanization rate of 98.73%.", "Santa Bárbara d'Oeste __knowledge__ As of 2009, there were 44 medical institutions in the city, and its human development index (HDI) is rated as 0.819 in relation to the rest of the state.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York is a state in the northeastern United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state in the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state's largest city, New York City, makes up over 40% of the state's population.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York metropolitan area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state and city were both named for the 17th-century Duke of York, future King James II of England.", "Sports in New York City __knowledge__ Sports in New York City have a long and distinguished history.", "Sports in New York City __knowledge__ New York City is home to the headquarters of the National Football League, the National Hockey League, the National Basketball Association, Major League Baseball, Minor league baseball, women's national soccer league, and Major League Soccer.", "Sports in New York City __knowledge__ The New York metropolitan area is one of only two cities (along with the Los Angeles metropolitan area) in the United States with more than one team in each of the four major professional sports leagues, with nine such franchises.", "Sports in New York City __knowledge__ Counting these along with its two teams in Major League Soccer, New York has a total of eleven sports teams in the five most important professional sports leagues in the United States.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ I Love New York (season 1) is first season of the VH1 reality television series entitled \"I Love New York\".", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season consisted of 12 episodes, which first aired weekly from January 8, 2007 to April 15, 2007.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ In July 2006, VH1 published a casting call looking for contestants for their new series tentatively titled \"The Flavorette\".", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ Various blogs speculated that the star of this program could be \"Flavor of Love\" season one contestants \"Rain\" (Thela Brown), \"Hoopz\" (Nicole Alexander) or Pollard.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ Before the second season finale of \"Flavor of Love\", Pollard denied having her own show but when the Flavor of Love season 2 finale aired, she confirmed she was the \"Flavorette\" and that she was already down to the final three contestants.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ New York City's demographics show that it is a large and ethnically diverse metropolis.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ It is the largest city in the United States with a long history of international immigration.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ New York City was home to nearly 8.5 million people in 2014, accounting for over 40% of the population of New York State and a slightly lower percentage of the New York metropolitan area, home to approximately 23.6 million.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ Over the last decade the city has been growing faster than the region.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ The New York region continues to be by far the leading metropolitan gateway for legal immigrants admitted into the United States.", "Music of New York City __knowledge__ The music of New York City is a diverse and important field in the world of music.", "Music of New York City __knowledge__ It has long been a thriving home for popular genres such as jazz, rock, and the blues, as well as classical and art music.", "Music of New York City __knowledge__ It is the birthplace of hip hop, freestyle, doo wop, bebop, disco, punk rock, and new wave.", "Music of New York City __knowledge__ It's also the birthplace of salsa music, born from a fusion of Cuban and Puerto Rican influences that came together in New York's Latino neighborhoods in the 1960s.", "Music of New York City __knowledge__ The city's culture, a melting pot of nations from around the world, has produced vital folk music scenes such as Irish-American music and Jewish klezmer." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Batman action figures __knowledge__ Batman action figures have been produced since the 1940s.", "Batman action figures __knowledge__ The first Batman figures were lead figurines of Robin and Batman which were given away as carnival prizes at local fairs during the 1940s.", "Batman action figures __knowledge__ The Marx Toy Company produced the first ever poseable Batman action figure in the mid-1960s.", "Batman action figures __knowledge__ It stood about 4\" tall and came with a multitude of accessories among them bat - cuffs, batarangs, and a fire extinguisher.", "Batman action figures __knowledge__ Very few remain in existence and it is one of the holy grails for any Batman toy collector.", "Batman action figures __knowledge__ In 1966, the Ideal Toy Company launched a line of super hero action figures called Captain Action in response to Hasbro's popular G.I.", "DC Universe Classics __knowledge__ DC Universe Classics was an action figure toyline, a sub-line of the DC Universe toy brand manufactured by Mattel.", "DC Universe Classics __knowledge__ They were 6-inch scale figures based on characters owned by DC Comics.", "DC Universe Classics __knowledge__ The entire line was sculpted by the Four Horsemen Studios, and were first available for sale in 2008.", "DC Universe Classics __knowledge__ The \"DC Classics\" line ceased to be sold at retail in 2012 with wave 20.", "DC Universe Classics __knowledge__ The series then became an online-and-convention exclusive line.", "DC Universe Classics __knowledge__ It was announced in late 2014 that the line would come to an end with a final series of six figures celebrating the history of the line.", "DC Universe Classics __knowledge__ In 2007, Mattel was granted the rights to produce action figures of all DC Comics characters, although the company indicated the agreement excluded the DC Comics imprints Impact Comics, Vertigo, and WildStorm.", "Elastolin __knowledge__ Elastolin is a trademark used by the German company O&M Hausser (O&M Haußer) for the toy soldiers and other types of figures it manufactured from composite material and later from plastic.", "Elastolin __knowledge__ The Hausser firm was founded in 1904 by Christian Hausser and his sons Otto and Max.", "Elastolin __knowledge__ The factory was situated in Ludwigsburg near Stuttgart.", "Elastolin __knowledge__ Elastolin composition figures were manufactured in 40mm (also known as 4-cm), 65mm (6.5-cm), 70mm (7-cm), and 105mm (10.5 cm) scales.", "Elastolin __knowledge__ Since 70-mm is approximately 3-inches, a 70-mm figure is approximately 1/24 scale.", "Elastolin __knowledge__ The Elastolin catalogs of the 1930s describe the 7-cm figures as being \"normal size\" (\"normalgrosse\") and the 4-cm figures as \"Miniatur-Soldaten\".", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ G.I.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ Joe is a line of action figures produced and owned by the toy company Hasbro.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ The initial product offering represented four of the branches of the U.S. armed forces with the Action Soldier (U.S. Army), Action Sailor (U.S. Navy), Action Pilot (Air Force), Action Marine (Marine Corps) and later on, the Action Nurse.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ The name derived from the usage of \"G.I.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ Joe\" for the generic U.S. soldier, itself derived from the more general term \"G.I.\".", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ The development of G.I.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ Joe led to the coining of the term \"action figure\".", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ G.I.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ Joe's appeal to children has made it an American icon among toys.", "G.I. Joe __knowledge__ The G.I.", "Kenner Star Wars action figures __knowledge__ The Kenner toy company produced a line of Star Wars action figures based on characters in the original \"Star Wars\" movie trilogy.", "Kenner Star Wars action figures __knowledge__ Over 100 unique action figures were produced and sold from 1978 to 1985, during which time over 300 million Star Wars action figures were sold.", "Kenner Star Wars action figures __knowledge__ The license for \"Star Wars\" action figures was offered in 1976 to the Mego Corporation, which was the leading company in action figures in the 1970s.", "Kenner Star Wars action figures __knowledge__ Mego refused the offer and the license was subsequently picked up by Kenner, a subsidiary of General Mills.", "Kenner Star Wars action figures __knowledge__ Although the original \"Star Wars\" film had been released in May 1977, Kenner was unprepared for the unprecedented response to the film and the high demand for toys.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ It is one of the plastic arts.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ Durable sculptural processes originally used carving (the removal of material) and modelling (the addition of material, as clay), in stone, metal, ceramics, wood and other materials but, since Modernism, there has been an almost complete freedom of materials and process.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ A wide variety of materials may be worked by removal such as carving, assembled by welding or modelling, or molded, or cast.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ Sculpture in stone survives far better than works of art in perishable materials, and often represents the majority of the surviving works (other than pottery) from ancient cultures, though conversely traditions of sculpture in wood may have vanished almost entirely.", "McFarlane NHL Sports Picks __knowledge__ McFarlane Sports Picks is the name given to the line of sports-related action figures released by McFarlane Toys, a company founded by \"Spawn\" creator Todd McFarlane.", "McFarlane NHL Sports Picks __knowledge__ The figures feature lifelike renderings of select stars in the four most popular sports in North America - hockey, football, baseball and basketball.", "McFarlane NHL Sports Picks __knowledge__ The company has official licensing rights to the major professional leagues of each of these sports.", "McFarlane NHL Sports Picks __knowledge__ An avid sports fan, collector of sports memorabilia and a former part-owner of a professional hockey team (Edmonton Oilers), Todd McFarlane created McFarlane Sports Picks in 2000 with the release of a series of NHL hockey players.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Phoenix () is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ With 1,615,017 people (), Phoenix is the fifth most populous city nationwide, the most populous state capital in the United States, and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area, also known as the Valley of the Sun, which in turn is a part of the Salt River Valley.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ The metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States, with approximately 4.3 million people .", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ In addition, Phoenix is the seat of Maricopa County and, at 517.9 square miles (1,341 km), it is the largest city in the state, more than twice the size of Tucson and one of the largest cities in the United States.", "Denver __knowledge__ Denver (), officially the City and County of Denver, is the capital and most populous municipality of the U.S. state of Colorado.", "Denver __knowledge__ Denver is in the South Platte River Valley on the western edge of the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains.", "Denver __knowledge__ The Denver downtown district is immediately east of the confluence of Cherry Creek with the South Platte River, approximately east of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains.", "Denver __knowledge__ Denver is nicknamed the \"Mile High City\" because its official elevation is exactly one mile () above sea level, making it the highest major city in the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York is a state in the northeastern United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state in the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state's largest city, New York City, makes up over 40% of the state's population.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York metropolitan area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state and city were both named for the 17th-century Duke of York, future King James II of England.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ The 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee were held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012 and elected the nine U.S.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ Representatives from the state of Tennessee, apportioned according to the 2010 United States Census.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ The elections coincided with the elections of other federal and state offices, including a quadrennial presidential election and an election to the U.S. Senate.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ Primary elections were held on August 2, 2012.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2012 __knowledge__ The redrawn 1st district will represent Carter, Cocke, Greene, Hamblen, Hancock, Hawkins, Johnson, Sevier, Sullivan, Unicoi, and Washington counties, and parts of Jefferson County.", "Iran __knowledge__ Iran ( ), also known as Persia (), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran ( ), is a sovereign state in Western Asia.", "Iran __knowledge__ With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country.", "Iran __knowledge__ Comprising a land area of , it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world.", "Iran __knowledge__ Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan; to the north by the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq.", "Illinois __knowledge__ Illinois ( ) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States.", "Illinois __knowledge__ It is the 6th most populous state and 25th largest state in terms of land area, and is often noted as a microcosm of the entire country.", "Illinois __knowledge__ With Chicago in the northeast, small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and northern Illinois, and natural resources like coal, timber, and petroleum in the south, Illinois has a diverse economic base and is a major transportation hub.", "Illinois __knowledge__ The Port of Chicago connects the state to other global ports from the Great Lakes, via the Saint Lawrence Seaway, to the Atlantic Ocean, as well as the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River, via the Illinois Waterway.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2018 __knowledge__ The 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee will be held on November 6, 2018, to elect the nine U.S.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2018 __knowledge__ Representatives from the state of Tennessee, one from each of the state's nine congressional districts.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2018 __knowledge__ The elections will coincide with the elections of other federal and state offices, including the gubernatorial election.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2018 __knowledge__ The 1st district includes Carter, Cocke, Greene, Hamblen, Hancock, Hawkins, Johnson, Sevier, Sullivan, Unicoi, and Washington counties, and parts of Jefferson County.", "United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2018 __knowledge__ The most populous city in the district is Johnson City, and the district is anchored by the Tri-Cities area." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Let's Make a Deal __knowledge__ Let's Make a Deal is a television game show that originated in the United States in 1963 and has since been produced in many countries throughout the world.", "Let's Make a Deal __knowledge__ The program was created and produced by Stefan Hatos and Monty Hall, the latter serving as its host for many years.", "Let's Make a Deal __knowledge__ The format of \"Let's Make a Deal\" involves selected members of the studio audience, referred to as \"traders,\" making deals with the host.", "Let's Make a Deal __knowledge__ In most cases, a trader will be offered something of value and given a choice of whether to keep it or exchange it for a different item.", "Let's Make a Deal __knowledge__ The program's defining game mechanism is that the other item is hidden from the trader until that choice is made.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton served as the 67th United States Secretary of State, under President Barack Obama, from 2009 to 2013, overseeing the department that conducted the Foreign policy of Barack Obama.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ She was preceded in office by Condoleezza Rice, and succeeded by John Kerry.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ She is also the only former First Lady of the United States to become a member of the United States Cabinet.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Within a week after the November 4, 2008, presidential election, President-elect Obama and Clinton discussed over telephone the possibility of her serving as U.S. Secretary of State in his administration.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Clinton later related, \"He said I want you to be my secretary of state.", "Plasmatics __knowledge__ Plasmatics were an American punk rock and heavy metal band formed by Rod Swenson and Wendy O. Williams in New York City, New York, in 1977.", "Plasmatics __knowledge__ The band was a controversial group known for wild live shows that broke countless taboos.", "Plasmatics __knowledge__ In addition to chainsawing guitars, blowing up speaker cabinets and sledgehammering television sets, Williams and the Plasmatics blew up automobiles live on stage.", "Plasmatics __knowledge__ Williams was arrested in Milwaukee by the Milwaukee police before being charged with public indecency.", "Plasmatics __knowledge__ The Plasmatics' career spanned five studio albums and multiple EPs.", "Plasmatics __knowledge__ The band was composed of vocalist/front person Wendy O. Williams and various other musicians rotated behind her over time.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Madonna (Madonna album) __knowledge__ Madonna (retitled Madonna: The First Album for the 1985 re-release) is the debut album by American singer and songwriter Madonna, released on July 27, 1983 by Sire Records.", "Madonna (Madonna album) __knowledge__ After having established herself as a singer in downtown New York City, Madonna was signed by Sire president Seymour Stein, due to the success of her debut single, \"Everybody\" (1982).", "Madonna (Madonna album) __knowledge__ Unhappy with the work of producer Reggie Lucas, Madonna invited John \"Jellybean\" Benitez to complete the album, who remixed three tracks and produced \"Holiday\".", "Madonna (Madonna album) __knowledge__ \"Madonna\" has an upbeat synthetic disco sound, using new technology of the time, including the Linn drum machine, Moog bass and Oberheim OB-X synthesizer.", "XTC __knowledge__ XTC were an English rock band formed in Swindon in 1972 and active until 2006.", "XTC __knowledge__ Led by songwriters Andy Partridge and Colin Moulding, the band gained popularity during the rise of punk and new wave in the 1970s, later playing in a variety of styles that ranged from angular guitar riffs to elaborately arranged pop.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partly because the group did not fit into contemporary trends, they failed to maintain commercial success in the UK and US.", "XTC __knowledge__ They have since attracted a considerable cult following, and are recognised for their influence on Britpop and later power pop acts.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partridge (guitar, vocals) and Moulding (bass, vocals) met at a record store in the early 1970s and subsequently formed a glitter rock outfit with drummer Terry Chambers.", "List of Pennsylvania locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Pennsylvania locations listed by per capita income This is a list of incorporated areas and census-designated places in Pennsylvania.", "List of Pennsylvania locations by per capita income __knowledge__ The list is ranked from highest capita income to lowest per capita income.", "List of Pennsylvania locations by per capita income __knowledge__ There are communities not on the list because they are not incorporated nor a census-designated place.", "List of Pennsylvania locations by per capita income __knowledge__ If you are unable to find a location, try looking it up under the township in which it is located.", "List of Pennsylvania locations by per capita income __knowledge__ 101 Newtown, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $33,500 102 Newtown Grant, Pennsylvania $33,485 103 Wallace Township, Pennsylvania $33,437 104 East Caln Township, Pennsylvania $33,430 105 O'Hara Township, Pennsylvania $33,356 106 Pennsbury Village, Pennsylvania $33,339 107 Bear Creek Village, Pennsylvania $33,324 108 Upper Uwchlan Township, Pennsylvania $33,256 109 West Marlborough Township, Pennsylvania $33,245 110 Maple Glen, Pennsylvania $33,058 111 Northampton Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $33,028 112 Lionville-Marchwood, Pennsylvania $33,003 113 Nether Providence Township, Pennsylvania $32,946 114 East Washington, Pennsylvania $32,852 115 Flourtown, Pennsylvania $32,848 116 Upper Gwynedd Township, Pennsylvania $32,806 117 Yardley, Pennsylvania $32,802 118 Bryn Athyn, Pennsylvania $32,737 119 Springfield Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania $32,628 120 Kilbuck Township, Pennsylvania $32,582 121 Churchville, Pennsylvania $32,507 122 West Goshen Township, Pennsylvania $32,487 123 Ohio Township, Pennsylvania $32,446 124 Montgomery Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania $32,349 125 Wyncote, Pennsylvania $32,340 126 East Nantmeal Township, Pennsylvania $32,258 127 Doylestown, Pennsylvania $32,249 128 Village Shires, Pennsylvania $32,198 129 East Brandywine Township, Pennsylvania $32,178 130 King of Prussia, Pennsylvania $32,070 131 Municipality of Murrysville, Pennsylvania $32,017 132 Richboro, Pennsylvania $31,954 133 Harris Township, Pennsylvania $31,904 134 McCandless, Pennsylvania $31,792 135 East Pikeland Township, Pennsylvania $31,774 136 Silver Spring Township, Pennsylvania $31,728 137 Cheltenham Township, Pennsylvania $31,424 138 Derry Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $31,365 139 Aspinwall, Pennsylvania $31,344 140 Trappe, Pennsylvania $31,281 141 Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania $31,254 142 Upper Providence Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania $31,251 143 Skippack, Pennsylvania $31,185 144 Westmont, Pennsylvania $30,868 145 Evansburg, Pennsylvania $30,830 146 Pottsgrove, Pennsylvania $30,649 147 West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania $30,627 148 Sewickley, Pennsylvania $30,571 149 Paoli, Pennsylvania $30,570 150 Towamencin Township, Pennsylvania $30,559 151 Upper Milford Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania $30,454 152 West Bradford Township, Pennsylvania $30,405 153 New Garden Township, Pennsylvania $30,364 154 Abington Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania $30,331 155 Lower Saucon Township, Pennsylvania $30,280 156 East Whiteland Township, Pennsylvania $30,258 157 Lower Macungie Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania $30,202 158 Durham Township, Pennsylvania $29,913 159 Jenkintown, Pennsylvania $29,834 160 Haverford Township, Pennsylvania $29,749 161 Salford Township, Pennsylvania $29,740 162 Warwick Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $29,734 163 Laflin, Pennsylvania $29,581 164 New Kingstown, Pennsylvania $29,541 165 Middletown Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania $29,418 166 Plumstead Township, Pennsylvania $29,411 167 Hanover Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania $29,370 168 Springfield Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $29,355 169 Bethel Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania $29,349 170 Seven Fields, Pennsylvania $29,215 171 South Hanover Township, Pennsylvania $29,213 172 Boalsburg, Pennsylvania $29,209 173 Schaefferstown, Pennsylvania $29,176 174 Bedminster Township, Pennsylvania $29,153 175 Fernville, Pennsylvania $29,098 176 Hampton Township, Pennsylvania $29,071 177 Eagles Mere, Pennsylvania $29,052 178 Cumru Township, Pennsylvania $28,996 179 Hampden Township, Pennsylvania $28,977 180 Montgomeryville, Pennsylvania $28,967 181 South Coventry Township, Pennsylvania $28,956 182 New Britain Township, Pennsylvania $28,923 183 Plymouth Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania $28,862 184 Old Orchard, Pennsylvania $28,851 185 Upper Macungie Township, Pennsylvania $28,801 186 Spring Garden Township, York County, Pennsylvania $28,784 187 East Norriton Township, Pennsylvania $28,749 188 Manheim Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $28,730 189 Guilford, Pennsylvania $28,723 190 Lemoyne, Pennsylvania $28,705 191 Grantley, Pennsylvania $28,703 192 Whitfield, Pennsylvania $28,666 193 Horsham Township, Pennsylvania $28,542 194 Wormleysburg, Pennsylvania $28,504 195 West Norriton Township, Pennsylvania $28,497 196 Marple Township, Pennsylvania $28,494 197 Hershey, Pennsylvania $28,487 198 Lower Salford Township, Pennsylvania $28,408 199 Lowhill Township, Pennsylvania $28,317 200 Leidy Township, Pennsylvania $28,279 201 Glenburn Township, Pennsylvania $28,259 202 Camp Hill, Pennsylvania $28,256 203 Kulpsville, Pennsylvania $28,244 204 East Hempfield Township, Pennsylvania $28,192 205 Media, Pennsylvania $28,188 206 Middle Paxton Township, Pennsylvania $28,146 207 Audubon, Pennsylvania $28,144 208 Salisbury Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania $28,073 209 Brittany Farms-Highlands, Pennsylvania $28,067 210 Franklin Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $28,057 211 Lower Allen, Pennsylvania $27,956 212 Jefferson Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $27,951 213 West Goshen, Pennsylvania $27,912 214 Cornwall, Pennsylvania $27,904 215 Perkiomen Township, Pennsylvania $27,800 216 East Vincent Township, Pennsylvania $27,799 217 Valley View, York County, Pennsylvania $27,794 218 New Morgan, Pennsylvania $27,769 219 Fort Indiantown Gap, Pennsylvania $27,757 220 Lower Heidelberg Township, Pennsylvania $27,700 221 North Londonderry Township, Pennsylvania $27,664 222 London Grove Township, Pennsylvania $27,654 223 Indian Lake, Pennsylvania $27,630 224 Amity Gardens, Pennsylvania $27,614 225 Upper Saucon Township, Pennsylvania $27,606 226 Lower Milford Township, Pennsylvania $27,572 227 Schnecksville, Pennsylvania $27,533 228 South Whitehall Township, Pennsylvania $27,486 229 Green Tree, Pennsylvania $27,480 230 West Brunswick Township, Pennsylvania $27,436 231 Stonybrook-Wilshire, Pennsylvania $27,418 232 Springfield Township, York County, Pennsylvania $27,410 233 South Abington Township, Pennsylvania $27,382 234 Cranberry Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $27,349 235 Lavelle-Locustdale, Pennsylvania $27,323 236 Limerick Township, Pennsylvania $27,305 237 Langhorne Manor, Pennsylvania $27,302 238 Nixon, Pennsylvania $27,269 239 Trooper, Pennsylvania $27,268 240 East Coventry Township, Pennsylvania $27,257 241 Williams Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania $27,249 242 Eulalia Township, Pennsylvania $27,245 243 Wyalusing, Pennsylvania $27,229 244 Weisenberg Township, Pennsylvania $27,163 245 Elverson, Pennsylvania $27,162 246 Indiana Township, Pennsylvania $27,068 247 Springfield Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania $27,027 248 Duncan Township, Pennsylvania $27,001 249 Monroe Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $26,978 250 Macungie, Pennsylvania $26,965 251 Leith-Hatfield, Pennsylvania $26,943 252 Conewago Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $26,898 253 Robinson Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $26,802 254 Roaring Brook Township, Pennsylvania $26,773 255 Oakmont, Pennsylvania $26,716 256 Upper Salford Township, Pennsylvania $26,672 257 Lower Nazareth Township, Pennsylvania $26,624 258 North Wales, Pennsylvania $26,590 259 Harleysville, Pennsylvania $26,572 260 Susquehanna Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $26,572 261 Warwick Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $26,547 262 Rockland Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $26,530 263 Ivyland, Pennsylvania $26,525 264 Forest Hills, Pennsylvania $26,505 265 Spring Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $26,493 266 East Buffalo Township, Pennsylvania $26,459 267 Moon Township, Pennsylvania $26,457 268 Lake Heritage, Pennsylvania $26,450 269 Leet Township, Pennsylvania $26,415 270 Ben Avon, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $26,408 271 Fairview Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $26,397 272 Glenside, Pennsylvania $26,393 273 Upper Southampton Township, Pennsylvania $26,362 274 Ancient Oaks, Pennsylvania $26,360 275 Conyngham, Pennsylvania $26,352 276 Penn Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $26,346 277 Fairview Township, York County, Pennsylvania $26,343 278 Pine Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $26,319 279 Marlborough Township, Pennsylvania $26,273 280 Nottingham Township, Pennsylvania $26,256 281 Chalfont, Pennsylvania $26,248 282 Lower Providence Township, Pennsylvania $26,186 283 Forks Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania $26,180 284 Linntown, Pennsylvania $26,149 285 Nockamixon Township, Pennsylvania $26,145 286 North Fayette Township, Pennsylvania $26,139 287 Lower Paxton Township, Pennsylvania $26,116 288 South Fayette Township, Pennsylvania $26,082 289 Union Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $26,014 290 Mount Gretna Heights, Pennsylvania $25,996 291 Bern Township, Pennsylvania $25,969 292 Ross Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $25,883 293 Bethel Park, Pennsylvania $25,867 294 Reiffton, Pennsylvania $25,866 295 Warrington Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $25,810 296 Hilltown Township, Pennsylvania $25,800 297 Dalton, Pennsylvania $25,760 298 Fernway, Pennsylvania $25,759 299 Franconia Township, Pennsylvania $25,751 300 Ferndale, Pennsylvania $25,750 301 Southmont, Pennsylvania $25,750 302 Palmer Township, Pennsylvania $25,722 303 Brecknock Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $25,712 304 Avonia, Pennsylvania $25,709 305 Spring Mount, Pennsylvania $25,690 306 Upper Pottsgrove Township, Pennsylvania $25,607 307 Tyler Run-Queens Gate, Pennsylvania $25,589 308 Deer Lake, Pennsylvania $25,577 309 Manchester Township, York County, Pennsylvania $25,576 310 Lancaster Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $25,555 311 Caln Township $25,494 312 Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania $25,471 313 Haycock Township, Pennsylvania $25,431 314 North Coventry Township, Pennsylvania $25,418 315 Morton, Pennsylvania $25,408 316 Upper Moreland Township, Pennsylvania $25,382 317 East Fallowfield Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $25,376 318 Thorndale, Pennsylvania $25,376 319 North Heidelberg Township, Pennsylvania $25,334 320 Monaghan Township, York County, Pennsylvania $25,317 321 Neshannock Township, Pennsylvania $25,312 322 Willow Street, Pennsylvania $25,292 323 Allison Township, Pennsylvania $25,265 324 Lemont, Pennsylvania $25,253 325 Middletown Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $25,213 326 West Brandywine Township, Pennsylvania $25,211 327 Lansdowne, Pennsylvania $25,177 328 York Township, York County, Pennsylvania $25,169 329 Bethlehem Township, Pennsylvania $25,141 330 Jackson Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $25,127 331 Horsham, Pennsylvania $25,116 332 Lower Frederick Township, Pennsylvania $25,113 333 Richland Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $25,085 334 New Hanover Township, Pennsylvania $25,084 335 Pleasant Hills, Pennsylvania $25,083 336 Clarks Summit, Pennsylvania $25,080 337 Exeter Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $25,071 338 Hatfield Township, Pennsylvania $25,051 339 Ligonier Township, Pennsylvania $25,049 340 Quentin, Pennsylvania $25,037 341 West Rockhill Township, Pennsylvania $25,026 342 Ontelaunee Township, Pennsylvania $24,996 343 North Whitehall Township, Pennsylvania $24,983 344 West Cornwall Township, Pennsylvania $24,982 345 Upper Hanover Township, Pennsylvania $24,978 346 Dickinson Township, Pennsylvania $24,977 347 Broomall, Pennsylvania $24,940 348 Riegelsville, Pennsylvania $24,916 349 Lima, Pennsylvania $24,908 350 Middlesex Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania $24,902 351 Clark, Pennsylvania $24,892 352 East York, Pennsylvania $24,883 353 Collier Township, Pennsylvania $24,841 354 Shrewsbury Township, York County, Pennsylvania $24,841 355 Glade Township, Pennsylvania $24,839 356 West Middletown, Pennsylvania $24,834 357 New Freedom, Pennsylvania $24,828 358 New London Township, Pennsylvania $24,824 359 Fox Run, Pennsylvania $24,810 360 Scott Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $24,791 361 Willow Grove, Pennsylvania $24,740 362 Lower Allen Township, Pennsylvania $24,735 363 Whitehall, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $24,730 364 West Lampeter Township, Pennsylvania $24,713 365 New Cumberland, Pennsylvania $24,672 366 Milford Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania $24,663 367 Maidencreek Township, Pennsylvania $24,662 368 Amity Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $24,652 369 Upper Oxford Township, Pennsylvania $24,611 370 Springettsbury Township, York County, Pennsylvania $24,608 371 Elk Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $24,604 372 East Rockhill Township, Pennsylvania $24,594 373 Spry, Pennsylvania $24,564 374 Yatesville, Pennsylvania $24,551 375 Bally, Pennsylvania $24,537 376 Wilkins Township, Pennsylvania $24,515 377 Dallas Township, Pennsylvania $24,501 378 Harmar Township, Pennsylvania $24,486 379 Dallas, Pennsylvania $24,466 380 Scott Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $24,439 381 Park Forest Village, Pennsylvania $24,425 382 Penn Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $24,396 383 South Middleton Township, Pennsylvania $24,370 384 Lower Southampton Township, Pennsylvania $24,367 385 Linglestown, Pennsylvania $24,347 386 Lawnton, Pennsylvania $24,342 387 Frankstown Township, Pennsylvania $24,329 388 Franklin Township, York County, Pennsylvania $24,322 389 South Londonderry Township, Pennsylvania $24,296 390 Stormstown, Pennsylvania $24,292 391 Millcreek Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $24,279 392 Salunga-Landisville, Pennsylvania $24,258 393 Oreland, Pennsylvania $24,256 394 Beurys Lake, Pennsylvania $24,247 395 Washington Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $24,246 396 Cornwells Heights-Eddington, Pennsylvania $24,171 397 College Township, Pennsylvania $24,163 398 Hulmeville, Pennsylvania $24,153 399 Brodheadsville, Pennsylvania $24,140 400 Upper Allen Township, Pennsylvania $24,127 401 Highland Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $24,113 402 Mahoning Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania $24,099 403 Robesonia, Pennsylvania $24,093 404 Municipality of Monroeville, Pennsylvania $24,031 405 Halfway House, Pennsylvania $24,023 406 Topton, Pennsylvania $24,009 407 Beaver, Pennsylvania $24,003 408 Eastlawn Gardens, Pennsylvania $23,985 409 Monroe Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania $23,963 410 Carnot-Moon, Pennsylvania $23,960 411 Palmer Heights, Pennsylvania $23,959 412 Lower Pottsgrove Township, Pennsylvania $23,958 413 Shenandoah Heights, Pennsylvania $23,898 414 Ruscombmanor Township, Pennsylvania $23,889 415 Kingston Township, Pennsylvania $23,885 416 Allen Township, Pennsylvania $23,859 417 Boiling Springs, Pennsylvania $23,857 418 Pike Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $23,857 419 Shanor-Northvue, Pennsylvania $23,852 420 South Strabane Township, Pennsylvania $23,829 421 Silverdale, Pennsylvania $23,814 422 Boothwyn, Pennsylvania $23,811 423 Ridley Park, Pennsylvania $23,806 424 Wright Township, Pennsylvania $23,787 425 Wickerham Manor-Fisher, Pennsylvania $23,781 426 Bridgeton Township, Pennsylvania $23,779 427 Buckingham Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $23,757 428 Riverside, Pennsylvania $23,732 429 Brookhaven, Pennsylvania $23,706 430 East Allen Township, Pennsylvania $23,684 431 Chippewa Township, Pennsylvania $23,666 432 Catawissa Township, Pennsylvania $23,635 433 Smithfield Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $23,627 434 Shiloh, Pennsylvania $23,625 435 Halfmoon Township, Pennsylvania $23,596 436 Bushkill Township, Pennsylvania $23,569 437 Milford Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $23,559 438 Zelienople, Pennsylvania $23,555 439 Heidelberg Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania $23,521 440 Middlesex Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $23,508 441 Heidelberg Township, York County, Pennsylvania $23,506 442 Carroll Township, York County, Pennsylvania $23,481 443 Loyalsock Township, Pennsylvania $23,480 444 Stroud Township, Pennsylvania $23,460 445 North Strabane Township, Pennsylvania $23,457 446 Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania $23,442 447 Skyline View, Pennsylvania $23,418 448 Upper Chichester Township, Pennsylvania $23,412 449 Lower Alsace Township, Pennsylvania $23,379 450 Village Green-Green Ridge, Pennsylvania $23,373 451 Lebanon South, Pennsylvania $23,358 452 Strasburg, Pennsylvania $23,346 453 Fairview Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $23,333 454 Greenwich Township, Pennsylvania $23,332 455 Cooke Township, Pennsylvania $23,309 456 East Hanover Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $23,296 457 Greene Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania $23,288 458 Paxtonia, Pennsylvania $23,279 459 Lower Swatara Township, Pennsylvania $23,271 460 South Heidelberg Township, Pennsylvania $23,266 461 Emmaus, Pennsylvania $23,245 462 Lake Meade, Pennsylvania $23,229 463 Hermitage, Pennsylvania $23,227 464 Jacobus, Pennsylvania $23,224 465 Shaler Township, Pennsylvania $23,223 466 Paxtang, Pennsylvania $23,217 467 Colebrookdale Township, Pennsylvania $23,208 468 Aston Township, Pennsylvania $23,206 469 Rye Township, Pennsylvania $23,203 470 Centre Hall, Pennsylvania $23,195 471 Enon Valley, Pennsylvania $23,161 472 Herndon, Pennsylvania $23,156 473 Jackson Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $23,141 474 Folsom, Pennsylvania $23,131 475 Back Mountain, Pennsylvania $23,105 476 South Pottstown, Pennsylvania $23,099 477 Collegeville, Pennsylvania $23,080 478 Starrucca, Pennsylvania $23,071 479 Sinking Spring, Pennsylvania $23,053 480 Jefferson Hills, Pennsylvania $23,006 481 Freedom Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $23,005 482 Cheswick, Pennsylvania $22,982 483 West Manchester Township, York County, Pennsylvania $22,982 484 Brown Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $22,970 485 Meridian, Pennsylvania $22,962 486 North Middleton Township, Pennsylvania $22,947 487 Lorane, Pennsylvania $22,920 488 Phoenixville, Pennsylvania $22,911 489 Douglass Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $22,895 490 Tilden Township, Pennsylvania $22,879 491 Hallam, Pennsylvania $22,868 492 Patton Township, Pennsylvania $22,860 493 Greencastle, Pennsylvania $22,844 494 Reed Township, Pennsylvania $22,839 495 Arlington Heights, Pennsylvania $22,831 496 Warwick Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $22,831 497 Campbelltown, Pennsylvania $22,827 498 Pine Grove Mills, Pennsylvania $22,822 499 Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania $22,812 500 Harveys Lake, Pennsylvania $22,795 501 Liberty Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $22,789 502 Perry Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $22,784 503 Cumberland Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $22,782 504 East Lampeter Township, Pennsylvania $22,744 505 Ferguson Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $22,724 506 Rutherford, Pennsylvania $22,706 507 Lynn Township, Pennsylvania $22,688 508 Manheim Township, York County, Pennsylvania $22,652 509 Upper Frederick Township, Pennsylvania $22,640 510 Penn Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $22,621 511 Orange Township, Pennsylvania $22,608 512 South Waverly, Pennsylvania $22,608 513 Jefferson Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $22,584 514 Rush Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $22,579 515 Berwick Township, Pennsylvania $22,573 516 Robeson Township, Pennsylvania $22,550 517 Yeadon, Pennsylvania $22,546 518 West Donegal Township, Pennsylvania $22,545 519 Orwigsburg, Pennsylvania $22,538 520 Progress, Pennsylvania $22,533 521 Mechanicsville, Montour County, Pennsylvania $22,528 522 Earl Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $22,527 523 Howe Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $22,521 524 Bensalem Township, Pennsylvania $22,517 525 East Pennsboro Township, Pennsylvania $22,517 526 North Towanda Township, Pennsylvania $22,494 527 Mountaintop, Pennsylvania $22,480 528 Douglass Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania $22,476 529 Barrett Township, Pennsylvania $22,465 530 Economy, Pennsylvania $22,453 531 Sugarloaf Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $22,444 532 Brighton Township, Pennsylvania $22,437 533 Colonial Park, Pennsylvania $22,436 534 Upper Augusta Township, Pennsylvania $22,433 535 Chanceford Township, York County, Pennsylvania $22,425 536 Mount Joy Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $22,380 537 Falls Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $22,376 538 Bareville, Pennsylvania $22,369 539 Leacock-Leola-Bareville, Pennsylvania $22,369 540 Leola, Pennsylvania $22,369 541 Hellam Township, York County, Pennsylvania $22,345 542 Cecil Township, Pennsylvania $22,340 543 Marklesburg, Pennsylvania $22,329 544 Millcreek Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $22,329 545 Saxton, Pennsylvania $22,326 546 Pequea Township, Pennsylvania $22,323 547 Shillington, Pennsylvania $22,322 548 Kennett Square, Pennsylvania $22,292 549 Heidelberg Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $22,291 550 Millerstown, Pennsylvania $22,289 551 Warminster Township, Pennsylvania $22,285 552 Middletown, Northampton County, Pennsylvania $22,282 553 North Cornwall Township, Pennsylvania $22,244 554 Manor Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $22,243 555 Twilight, Pennsylvania $22,236 556 Imperial-Enlow, Pennsylvania $22,226 557 Washington Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania $22,219 558 Deerfield Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $22,217 559 Tullytown, Pennsylvania $22,206 560 Sandycreek Township, Pennsylvania $22,165 561 Fullerton, Pennsylvania $22,164 562 Feasterville-Trevose, Pennsylvania $22,161 563 Mercer, Pennsylvania $22,161 564 Hamilton Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $22,153 565 Kennedy Township, Pennsylvania $22,148 566 Clifton Township, Pennsylvania $22,142 567 Porter Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania $22,139 568 Aldan, Pennsylvania $22,134 569 Womelsdorf, Pennsylvania $22,133 570 Conshohocken, Pennsylvania $22,128 571 East Hanover Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $22,108 572 Oak Hills, Pennsylvania $22,106 573 Lansdale, Pennsylvania $22,096 574 Stewartstown, Pennsylvania $22,095 575 St. Lawrence, Pennsylvania $22,088 576 Schlusser, Pennsylvania $22,084 577 Telford Township, Pennsylvania $22,075 578 Telford, Pennsylvania $22,075 579 Rice Township, Pennsylvania $22,069 580 Hunker, Pennsylvania $22,045 581 South Annville Township, Pennsylvania $22,040 582 Mill Creek Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $22,034 583 Sylvania Township, Pennsylvania $22,029 584 Mountville, Pennsylvania $22,010 585 Thornbury Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania $21,987 586 Perkasie, Pennsylvania $21,986 587 Patterson Township, Pennsylvania $21,982 588 East Petersburg, Pennsylvania $21,979 589 Conestoga Township, Pennsylvania $21,939 590 Saxonburg, Pennsylvania $21,931 591 Hatboro, Pennsylvania $21,911 592 Pocono Pines, Pennsylvania $21,890 593 New Centerville, Pennsylvania $21,873 594 Wernersville, Pennsylvania $21,858 595 Kenilworth, Pennsylvania $21,849 596 Lancaster Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $21,845 597 Hempfield Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $21,839 598 Highland Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $21,834 599 Moore Township, Pennsylvania $21,829 600 Shiremanstown, Pennsylvania $21,812 601 Vernon Township, Pennsylvania $21,808 602 Rutledge, Pennsylvania $21,800 603 Center Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $21,790 604 Dublin, Pennsylvania $21,778 605 Londonderry Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $21,773 606 Blair Township, Pennsylvania $21,764 607 Tatamy, Pennsylvania $21,759 608 Souderton, Pennsylvania $21,758 609 North Belle Vernon, Pennsylvania $21,756 610 Mount Penn, Pennsylvania $21,738 611 Moscow, Pennsylvania $21,725 612 Roaring Creek Township, Pennsylvania $21,725 613 West Hanover Township, Pennsylvania $21,723 614 Harmony, Pennsylvania $21,693 615 Coopersburg, Pennsylvania $21,689 616 Ambler, Pennsylvania $21,688 617 Bethany, Pennsylvania $21,683 618 Penn Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $21,681 619 Lewis Run, Pennsylvania $21,670 620 West Manheim Township, York County, Pennsylvania $21,670 621 District Township, Pennsylvania $21,663 622 Hereford Township, Pennsylvania $21,661 623 Eagleville, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania $21,642 624 Delaware Water Gap, Pennsylvania $21,641 625 Downingtown, Pennsylvania $21,634 626 Gilbertsville, Pennsylvania $21,633 627 Muhlenberg Township, Pennsylvania $21,624 628 Hopewell Township, York County, Pennsylvania $21,611 629 Fleetwood, Pennsylvania $21,600 630 Springdale Township, Pennsylvania $21,598 631 Union Township, Union County, Pennsylvania $21,597 632 Longswamp Township, Pennsylvania $21,592 633 Oley Township, Pennsylvania $21,565 634 Laurel Mountain, Pennsylvania $21,564 635 Woodward Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania $21,554 636 Ramblewood, Pennsylvania $21,551 637 Windsor Township, York County, Pennsylvania $21,551 638 East Hopewell Township, York County, Pennsylvania $21,540 639 South Park Township, Pennsylvania $21,538 640 Dingman Township, Pennsylvania $21,519 641 Albany Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $21,509 642 Langhorne, Pennsylvania $21,479 643 Jackson Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $21,472 644 Benton Township, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania $21,463 645 Valley Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania $21,458 646 West Earl Township, Pennsylvania $21,457 647 Pocono Township, Pennsylvania $21,452 648 Crafton, Pennsylvania $21,441 649 Treasure Lake, Pennsylvania $21,438 650 Ridley Township, Pennsylvania $21,437 651 Buffalo Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $21,434 652 White Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $21,432 653 Findlay Township, Pennsylvania $21,417 654 West Reading, Pennsylvania $21,414 655 Paradise Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $21,408 656 Morrisville, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $21,404 657 Lehigh Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania $21,400 658 Carlisle, Pennsylvania $21,394 659 Hummelstown, Pennsylvania $21,394 660 Oakdale, Pennsylvania $21,392 661 Mount Joy, Pennsylvania $21,391 662 East Cocalico Township, Pennsylvania $21,387 663 Conneaut Lakeshore, Pennsylvania $21,386 664 Alsace Township, Pennsylvania $21,385 665 Whitehall Township, Pennsylvania $21,383 666 Kenhorst, Pennsylvania $21,379 667 Dennison Township, Pennsylvania $21,373 668 Warrington Township, York County, Pennsylvania $21,368 669 West Nantmeal Township, Pennsylvania $21,348 670 Potter Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $21,320 671 Tipton, Pennsylvania $21,320 672 Royersford, Pennsylvania $21,314 673 Upper Nazareth Township, Pennsylvania $21,300 674 Nazareth, Pennsylvania $21,292 675 Carroll Valley, Pennsylvania $21,286 676 Manheim, Pennsylvania $21,276 677 Mohnton, Pennsylvania $21,268 678 Orrtanna, Pennsylvania $21,257 679 Caernarvon Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $21,250 680 Patterson Heights, Pennsylvania $21,244 681 Wind Gap, Pennsylvania $21,239 682 Rockledge, Pennsylvania $21,232 683 Butler Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $21,218 684 Washingtonville, Pennsylvania $21,206 685 Newton Township, Pennsylvania $21,199 686 Burnside Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $21,195 687 Boyertown, Pennsylvania $21,194 688 Jackson Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $21,181 689 Mount Joy Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $21,181 690 Moosic, Pennsylvania $21,178 691 Summit Hill, Pennsylvania $21,166 692 Center Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $21,143 693 Reamstown, Pennsylvania $21,143 694 West Hempfield Township, Pennsylvania $21,141 695 Northwest Harborcreek, Pennsylvania $21,135 696 Hatfield, Pennsylvania $21,133 697 Hemlock Township, Pennsylvania $21,125 698 Green Lane, Pennsylvania $21,123 699 Hamilton Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania $21,122 700 Carnegie, Pennsylvania $21,119 701 Unity Township, Pennsylvania $21,116 702 Upper Mount Bethel Township, Pennsylvania $21,116 703 Sadsbury Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $21,114 704 Fairless Hills, Pennsylvania $21,111 705 Cleona, Pennsylvania $21,090 706 Delmont, Pennsylvania $21,090 707 Silver Lake Township, Pennsylvania $21,090 708 Lower Mount Bethel Township, Pennsylvania $21,088 709 Valley Green, Pennsylvania $21,087 710 Wayne Heights, Pennsylvania $21,086 711 New Castle Northwest, Pennsylvania $21,085 712 Jackson Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $21,065 713 Heidelberg Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $21,064 714 Rush Township, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania $21,055 715 West View, Pennsylvania $21,025 716 Butler Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $21,020 717 Franklin Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $21,014 718 Aaronsburg, Pennsylvania $21,011 719 Milford, Pennsylvania $21,011 720 Geistown, Pennsylvania $21,002 721 North Hopewell Township, York County, Pennsylvania $20,993 722 Stockertown, Pennsylvania $20,984 723 Zion, Pennsylvania $20,976 724 Herrick Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $20,974 725 West Wyomissing, Pennsylvania $20,969 726 Long Branch, Pennsylvania $20,936 727 Paint Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $20,936 728 Spring City, Pennsylvania $20,931 729 Centerport, Pennsylvania $20,927 730 Blooming Grove Township, Pennsylvania $20,920 731 Baldwin Township, Pennsylvania $20,918 732 Allegheny Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $20,910 733 Elizabeth Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $20,904 734 Upper Leacock Township, Pennsylvania $20,902 735 Woodlyn, Pennsylvania $20,899 736 Elysburg, Pennsylvania $20,897 737 Birdsboro, Pennsylvania $20,890 738 New Britain, Pennsylvania $20,877 739 Athens, Pennsylvania $20,874 740 Westfall Township, Pennsylvania $20,866 741 Plum, Pennsylvania $20,863 742 Liberty Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $20,861 743 Mount Cobb, Pennsylvania $20,855 744 Adamstown, Pennsylvania $20,840 745 Shohola Township, Pennsylvania $20,840 746 Sanatoga, Pennsylvania $20,816 747 Marion Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $20,808 748 Hopewell Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $20,802 749 Buffalo Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $20,798 750 North Huntingdon Township, Pennsylvania $20,786 751 Trumbauersville, Pennsylvania $20,778 752 White Oak, Pennsylvania $20,775 753 Madison, Pennsylvania $20,773 754 Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania $20,770 755 West Caln Township, Pennsylvania $20,752 756 Thornhurst Township, Pennsylvania $20,751 757 Toughkenamon, Pennsylvania $20,745 758 Mount Pleasant Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $20,731 759 Pleasant Township, Pennsylvania $20,731 760 Tobyhanna Township, Pennsylvania $20,726 761 Centre Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $20,718 762 Tunkhannock, Pennsylvania $20,707 763 Homeacre-Lyndora, Pennsylvania $20,705 764 Gastonville, Pennsylvania $20,696 765 Hamburg, Pennsylvania $20,689 766 Russellton, Pennsylvania $20,682 767 Washington Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania $20,673 768 Newberry Township, York County, Pennsylvania $20,660 769 North Franklin Township, Pennsylvania $20,654 770 Valley Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $20,648 771 Plainfield Township, Pennsylvania $20,639 772 South Pymatuning Township, Pennsylvania $20,637 773 Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania $20,634 774 Red Hill, Pennsylvania $20,633 775 Muncy Township, Pennsylvania $20,621 776 Sadsbury Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $20,615 777 Warren South, Pennsylvania $20,614 778 Alburtis, Pennsylvania $20,611 779 Lititz, Pennsylvania $20,601 780 Forestville, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $20,599 781 North Annville Township, Pennsylvania $20,593 782 Elk Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $20,592 783 Mountainhome, Pennsylvania $20,580 784 Kingston, Pennsylvania $20,568 785 Plunketts Creek Township, Pennsylvania $20,563 786 Quakertown, Pennsylvania $20,562 787 East Manchester Township, York County, Pennsylvania $20,559 788 Forty Fort, Pennsylvania $20,558 789 East Norwegian Township, Pennsylvania $20,555 790 Washington Township, York County, Pennsylvania $20,550 791 Ligonier, Pennsylvania $20,546 792 Jerseytown, Pennsylvania $20,538 793 Clifton Heights, Pennsylvania $20,534 794 Laureldale, Pennsylvania $20,522 795 Dormont, Pennsylvania $20,520 796 Castle Shannon, Pennsylvania $20,518 797 Hanover, Pennsylvania $20,516 798 Dover Township, York County, Pennsylvania $20,513 799 Norwood, Pennsylvania $20,513 800 Palmyra, Pennsylvania $20,500 801 Upper Bern Township, Pennsylvania $20,499 802 East Donegal Township, Pennsylvania $20,488 803 Lyons, Pennsylvania $20,459 804 Susquehanna Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $20,456 805 Rostraver Township, Pennsylvania $20,455 806 Washington Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $20,454 807 Pine Creek Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania $20,451 808 Potter Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $20,451 809 Ralpho Township, Pennsylvania $20,449 810 Speers, Pennsylvania $20,446 811 Swatara Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $20,440 812 McGovern, Pennsylvania $20,437 813 Penn Lake Park, Pennsylvania $20,437 814 Seltzer, Pennsylvania $20,422 815 Sandy Township, Pennsylvania $20,420 816 Rapho Township, Pennsylvania $20,412 817 Rupert, Pennsylvania $20,412 818 Ryan Township, Pennsylvania $20,403 819 North Bethlehem Township, Pennsylvania $20,399 820 Bradford Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania $20,397 821 Carroll Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $20,380 822 West Pittston, Pennsylvania $20,370 823 West Deer Township, Pennsylvania $20,358 824 West Lawn, Pennsylvania $20,357 825 Ringtown, Pennsylvania $20,345 826 Perry Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $20,343 827 Baidland, Pennsylvania $20,338 828 Lehman Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $20,312 829 West Cocalico Township, Pennsylvania $20,306 830 Shrewsbury, Pennsylvania $20,292 831 Corydon Township, Pennsylvania $20,283 832 Fawn Township, York County, Pennsylvania $20,271 833 Hanover Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania $20,265 834 Lenape Heights, Pennsylvania $20,261 835 Guilford Township, Pennsylvania $20,258 836 Greene Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania $20,253 837 Dunnstown, Pennsylvania $20,251 838 Point Township, Pennsylvania $20,251 839 Hughestown, Pennsylvania $20,246 840 East Butler, Pennsylvania $20,242 841 Scott Township, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania $20,242 842 Middle Smithfield Township, Pennsylvania $20,235 843 Richmond Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $20,235 844 Latimore Township, Pennsylvania $20,230 845 Swatara Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $20,224 846 West Leechburg, Pennsylvania $20,192 847 New Holland, Pennsylvania $20,187 848 Glenolden, Pennsylvania $20,173 849 Export, Pennsylvania $20,170 850 Hempfield Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $20,169 851 Penn Hills Township, Pennsylvania $20,161 852 McSherrystown, Pennsylvania $20,158 853 Conoy Township, Pennsylvania $20,157 854 Martic Township, Pennsylvania $20,151 855 Leesport, Pennsylvania $20,148 856 Somerset Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $20,146 857 Pine Grove Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $20,144 858 Lower Burrell, Pennsylvania $20,143 859 Hopewell Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $20,124 860 Spring Grove, Pennsylvania $20,124 861 Hellertown, Pennsylvania $20,119 862 Palmyra Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania $20,110 863 Fawn Grove, Pennsylvania $20,105 864 Hebron Township, Pennsylvania $20,101 865 Polk Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $20,090 866 Hasson Heights, Pennsylvania $20,088 867 Grugan Township, Pennsylvania $20,086 868 Cross Roads, Pennsylvania $20,063 869 Franklin Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $20,062 870 East Bangor, Pennsylvania $20,056 871 Londonderry Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $20,055 872 Wilkes-Barre Township, Pennsylvania $20,055 873 Upper Yoder Township, Pennsylvania $20,053 874 Levittown, Pennsylvania $20,047 875 Washington Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $20,046 876 Hepburn Township, Pennsylvania $20,044 877 Houserville, Pennsylvania $20,035 878 Harborcreek Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $20,025 879 Brentwood, Pennsylvania $20,024 880 Chestnuthill Township, Pennsylvania $20,017 881 North Centre Township, Pennsylvania $20,010 882 Kratzerville, Pennsylvania $20,008 883 Ross Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $20,002 884 Liberty Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania $19,986 885 Akron, Pennsylvania $19,983 886 Washington Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania $19,980 887 Sellersville, Pennsylvania $19,970 888 West Grove, Pennsylvania $19,967 889 Woodbury, Pennsylvania $19,965 890 Codorus Township, York County, Pennsylvania $19,955 891 Newburg, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania $19,950 892 Winterstown, Pennsylvania $19,934 893 Lehman Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania $19,933 894 West Abington Township, Pennsylvania $19,931 895 Shamokin Dam, Pennsylvania $19,923 896 Baldwin, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $19,918 897 North Codorus Township, York County, Pennsylvania $19,912 898 Whitaker, Pennsylvania $19,910 899 South Union Township, Pennsylvania $19,905 900 South Lebanon Township, Pennsylvania $19,903 901 Union Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $19,896 902 Lake Wynonah, Pennsylvania $19,886 903 St. Marys, Pennsylvania $19,885 904 Stillwater, Pennsylvania $19,879 905 Clinton Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $19,874 906 Forward Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $19,860 907 Blawnox, Pennsylvania $19,858 908 West Fallowfield Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania $19,853 909 Dunmore, Pennsylvania $19,851 910 West Sadsbury Township, Pennsylvania $19,839 911 Georgetown, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $19,838 912 Penn Township, York County, Pennsylvania $19,833 913 Hometown, Pennsylvania $19,831 914 East Berlin, Pennsylvania $19,818 915 Callimont, Pennsylvania $19,813 916 Fairfield Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $19,807 917 Washington Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $19,804 918 Dillsburg, Pennsylvania $19,801 919 Prospect Park, Pennsylvania $19,801 920 Springdale, Pennsylvania $19,798 921 Walker Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $19,785 922 Summit Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $19,782 923 Hokendauqua, Pennsylvania $19,771 924 Ridgway Township, Pennsylvania $19,763 925 Mount Wolf, Pennsylvania $19,760 926 Croydon, Pennsylvania $19,751 927 Halifax Township, Pennsylvania $19,749 928 Emigsville, Pennsylvania $19,740 929 East Brunswick Township, Pennsylvania $19,737 930 Strausstown, Pennsylvania $19,733 931 Turbot Township, Pennsylvania $19,732 932 Oneida Township, Pennsylvania $19,729 933 Butler Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $19,723 934 Hanover Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $19,722 935 Franklin Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $19,712 936 Plains Township, Pennsylvania $19,712 937 East Nottingham Township, Pennsylvania $19,710 938 Denver, Pennsylvania $19,706 939 Wysox Township, Pennsylvania $19,706 940 Bridgewater, Pennsylvania $19,695 941 Ross Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $19,694 942 Jenkins Township, Pennsylvania $19,693 943 North Manheim Township, Pennsylvania $19,683 944 Schwenksville, Pennsylvania $19,679 945 Montrose, Pennsylvania $19,662 946 Young Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $19,661 947 Ephrata, Pennsylvania $19,659 948 Hamilton Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $19,659 949 Montoursville, Pennsylvania $19,648 950 Spring Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $19,644 951 Cecil-Bishop, Pennsylvania $19,639 952 South Manheim Township, Pennsylvania $19,638 953 Ebensburg, Pennsylvania $19,634 954 Neville Township, Pennsylvania $19,630 955 Towamensing Township, Pennsylvania $19,629 956 Bechtelsville, Pennsylvania $19,627 957 Homer Township, Pennsylvania $19,625 958 Spring Brook Township, Pennsylvania $19,622 959 Meadowood, Pennsylvania $19,616 960 Jefferson Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $19,609 961 Trafford, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $19,608 962 Marysville, Pennsylvania $19,604 963 Ephrata Township, Pennsylvania $19,588 964 Richland Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania $19,582 965 Woodcock, Pennsylvania $19,577 966 Union Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $19,560 967 East Lansdowne, Pennsylvania $19,558 968 Pine Grove, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $19,547 969 Jennerstown, Pennsylvania $19,540 970 Fayetteville, Pennsylvania $19,537 971 East Berwick, Pennsylvania $19,531 972 Rheems, Pennsylvania $19,530 973 Straban Township, Pennsylvania $19,530 974 Dorrance Township, Pennsylvania $19,519 975 Northampton, Pennsylvania $19,516 976 Millheim, Pennsylvania $19,511 977 Union Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $19,506 978 Connoquenessing Township, Pennsylvania $19,502 979 Bridgeville, Pennsylvania $19,500 980 Cambridge Township, Pennsylvania $19,500 981 Mount Pleasant Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $19,494 982 Liberty, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $19,491 983 Dunlevy, Pennsylvania $19,487 984 Trafford, Pennsylvania $19,487 985 Crescent Township, Pennsylvania $19,472 986 Emsworth, Pennsylvania $19,471 987 Stockdale, Pennsylvania $19,470 988 Cascade Township, Pennsylvania $19,465 989 Jackson Township, York County, Pennsylvania $19,464 990 Penn Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $19,457 991 Monroe Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $19,455 992 Parkside, Pennsylvania $19,448 993 Weissport East, Pennsylvania $19,432 994 Bear Creek Township, Pennsylvania $19,427 995 Eldred Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $19,426 996 North Catasauqua, Pennsylvania $19,424 997 Highland Park, Pennsylvania $19,422 998 Bridgeport, Pennsylvania $19,420 999 Wilburton Number Two, Pennsylvania $19,414 1000 Watson Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $19,406 1001 Portage Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania $19,404 1002 Paradise Township, York County, Pennsylvania $19,389 1003 Sand Hill, Pennsylvania $19,386 1004 Dunnstable Township, Pennsylvania $19,382 1005 West Pennsboro Township, Pennsylvania $19,382 1006 Marion Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $19,373 1007 Richland, Pennsylvania $19,365 1008 Raccoon Township, Pennsylvania $19,363 1009 Palmyra Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $19,359 1010 New Stanton, Pennsylvania $19,358 1011 Main Township, Pennsylvania $19,357 1012 Archbald, Pennsylvania $19,352 1013 Hamiltonban Township, Pennsylvania $19,344 1014 Wayne Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $19,335 1015 Slocum Township, Pennsylvania $19,326 1016 Felton, Pennsylvania $19,322 1017 Richlandtown, Pennsylvania $19,322 1018 Carroll Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $19,312 1019 Carbondale Township, Pennsylvania $19,301 1020 Warren Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania $19,296 1021 Franklin Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $19,295 1022 Thompson Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania $19,279 1023 Wayne Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $19,279 1024 Chambersburg, Pennsylvania $19,278 1025 McHenry Township, Pennsylvania $19,269 1026 Marietta, Pennsylvania $19,265 1027 Windsor Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $19,259 1028 Bellevue, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $19,246 1029 Price Township, Pennsylvania $19,244 1030 West Mead Township, Pennsylvania $19,241 1031 Old Lycoming Township, Pennsylvania $19,236 1032 Bentleyville, Pennsylvania $19,235 1033 Mount Holly Springs, Pennsylvania $19,229 1034 Old Forge, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania $19,228 1035 Dauphin, Pennsylvania $19,227 1036 Hummels Wharf, Pennsylvania $19,218 1037 Millersburg, Pennsylvania $19,217 1038 Swissvale, Pennsylvania $19,216 1039 Ransom Township, Pennsylvania $19,207 1040 Honey Brook, Pennsylvania $19,205 1041 Tinicum Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania $19,203 1042 Lower Yoder Township, Pennsylvania $19,196 1043 Madison Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $19,196 1044 Leetsdale, Pennsylvania $19,172 1045 Franklin Township, Carbon County, Pennsylvania $19,166 1046 Goldsboro, Pennsylvania $19,164 1047 Belfast, Pennsylvania $19,155 1048 Sandy Lake Township, Pennsylvania $19,140 1049 Covington Township, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania $19,132 1050 Lawrence Park, Pennsylvania $19,131 1051 Walker Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $19,130 1052 Terre Hill, Pennsylvania $19,128 1053 Marlin, Pennsylvania $19,122 1054 Lackawaxen Township, Pennsylvania $19,119 1055 Dover, Pennsylvania $19,108 1056 Espy, Pennsylvania $19,108 1057 Pringle, Pennsylvania $19,108 1058 Preston Township, Pennsylvania $19,106 1059 Cashtown-McKnightstown, Pennsylvania $19,105 1060 Quarryville, Pennsylvania $19,105 1061 Mifflinville, Pennsylvania $19,091 1062 Bristol Township, Pennsylvania $19,090 1063 Vanport Township, Pennsylvania $19,088 1064 Parkesburg, Pennsylvania $19,080 1065 Elizabeth Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $19,078 1066 Pottstown, Pennsylvania $19,078 1067 Glen Rock, Pennsylvania $19,076 1068 West Chester, Pennsylvania $19,073 1069 Lightstreet, Pennsylvania $19,071 1070 Jefferson, York County, Pennsylvania $19,070 1071 Mount Pocono, Pennsylvania $19,068 1072 Shenango Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $19,068 1073 East Greenville, Pennsylvania $19,066 1074 Middlecreek Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $19,066 1075 East Fairfield Township, Pennsylvania $19,063 1076 Centre Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $19,057 1077 Brickerville, Pennsylvania $19,052 1078 Weigelstown, Pennsylvania $19,048 1079 Honey Brook Township, Pennsylvania $19,046 1080 Brackenridge, Pennsylvania $19,040 1081 Friedensburg, Pennsylvania $19,039 1082 Bernville, Pennsylvania $19,038 1083 Overfield Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $19,034 1084 Lawson Heights, Pennsylvania $19,027 1085 Jefferson Township, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania $19,021 1086 Wayne Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $19,011 1087 Clay Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $19,009 1088 Rockefeller Township, Pennsylvania $19,004 1089 Bethlehem, Pennsylvania $18,987 1090 Watts Township, Pennsylvania $18,981 1091 Pennsburg, Pennsylvania $18,977 1092 South Franklin Township, Pennsylvania $18,975 1093 Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania $18,965 1094 Cochranton, Pennsylvania $18,960 1095 Millville, Pennsylvania $18,958 1096 Sturgeon-Noblestown, Pennsylvania $18,948 1097 Matamoras, Pennsylvania $18,946 1098 Frazer Township, Pennsylvania $18,937 1099 Salem Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $18,937 1100 Athens Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $18,936 1101 Tyrone Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $18,936 1102 Mercersburg, Pennsylvania $18,934 1103 Evans City, Pennsylvania $18,931 1104 Cussewago Township, Pennsylvania $18,918 1105 Chevy Chase Heights, Pennsylvania $18,915 1106 South Beaver Township, Pennsylvania $18,913 1107 Catasauqua, Pennsylvania $18,906 1108 Spring Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $18,896 1109 Pleasant Valley Township, Pennsylvania $18,894 1110 Lower Frankford Township, Pennsylvania $18,891 1111 Fountain Springs, Pennsylvania $18,890 1112 Limestone Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $18,887 1113 Franklintown, Pennsylvania $18,882 1114 North Beaver Township, Pennsylvania $18,869 1115 Gamble Township, Pennsylvania $18,867 1116 Juniata Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $18,859 1117 Penn Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $18,851 1118 Jefferson Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $18,830 1119 Waller, Pennsylvania $18,827 1120 Conewango Township, Pennsylvania $18,823 1121 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania $18,816 1122 Parkville, Pennsylvania $18,815 1123 Cooper Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania $18,813 1124 Scott Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $18,806 1125 Elderton, Pennsylvania $18,805 1126 Kutztown, Pennsylvania $18,803 1127 New Salem, Pennsylvania $18,802 1128 Mount Pleasant Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $18,800 1129 Luzerne Township, Pennsylvania $18,797 1130 Hamilton Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania $18,796 1131 Peters Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania $18,791 1132 Manor Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $18,789 1133 Highspire, Pennsylvania $18,781 1134 Sweden Township, Pennsylvania $18,780 1135 White Haven, Pennsylvania $18,768 1136 Greenwood Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $18,765 1137 Buffalo Township, Union County, Pennsylvania $18,764 1138 Christiana, Pennsylvania $18,764 1139 Concord Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $18,762 1140 Laporte, Pennsylvania $18,762 1131 Oneida, Pennsylvania $18,756 1142 Vandling, Pennsylvania $18,748 1143 North Sewickley Township, Pennsylvania $18,731 1144 Seneca, Pennsylvania $18,726 1145 Bath, Pennsylvania $18,724 1146 Irwin, Pennsylvania $18,722 1147 Kidder Township, Pennsylvania $18,719 1148 Penn Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $18,719 1149 Heidelberg, Pennsylvania $18,713 1150 Avonmore, Pennsylvania $18,712 1151 Wrightsville, Pennsylvania $18,711 1152 West Lebanon Township, Pennsylvania $18,709 1153 Little Meadows, Pennsylvania $18,703 1154 Manchester, Pennsylvania $18,700 1155 Paradise, Pennsylvania $18,700 1156 Conway, Pennsylvania $18,699 1157 Montgomery Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania $18,699 1158 Norwegian Township, Pennsylvania $18,699 1159 Upper Tulpehocken Township, Pennsylvania $18,699 1160 Greene Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $18,694 1161 Salix-Beauty Line Park, Pennsylvania $18,684 1162 Bedford Township, Pennsylvania $18,676 1163 Branch Township, Pennsylvania $18,670 1164 Montour Township, Pennsylvania $18,670 1165 Ingram, Pennsylvania $18,668 1166 Harmony Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $18,663 1167 Reinerton-Orwin-Muir, Pennsylvania $18,663 1168 Delaware Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania $18,661 1169 Pittston Township, Pennsylvania $18,660 1170 Bellefonte, Pennsylvania $18,659 1171 South Williamsport, Pennsylvania $18,658 1172 North Lebanon Township, Pennsylvania $18,654 1173 Venango Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $18,653 1174 Shrewsbury Township, Sullivan County, Pennsylvania $18,640 1175 Wheatfield Township, Pennsylvania $18,639 1176 Gallagher Township, Pennsylvania $18,638 1177 Jackson Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $18,633 1178 Summit Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania $18,628 1179 Cummings Township, Pennsylvania $18,626 1180 Wilson, Pennsylvania $18,625 1181 Crabtree, Pennsylvania $18,613 1182 Walker Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $18,608 1183 Lower Windsor Township, York County, Pennsylvania $18,602 1184 Avalon, Pennsylvania $18,594 1185 Dublin Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $18,592 1186 Newell, Pennsylvania $18,592 1187 Antrim Township, Pennsylvania $18,590 1188 Frackville, Pennsylvania $18,587 1189 Coplay, Pennsylvania $18,580 1190 Brecknock Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $18,578 1191 Heckscherville, Pennsylvania $18,577 1192 West Penn Township, Pennsylvania $18,577 1193 Elk Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $18,576 1194 Wolf Township, Pennsylvania $18,571 1195 Elkland Township, Pennsylvania $18,568 1196 Fawn Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $18,566 1197 Fallowfield Township, Pennsylvania $18,565 1198 West Providence Township, Pennsylvania $18,564 1199 Little Britain Township, Pennsylvania $18,563 1200 Strasburg Township, Pennsylvania $18,556 1201 Howard, Pennsylvania $18,549 1202 Sayre, Pennsylvania $18,549 1203 Cook Township, Pennsylvania $18,547 1204 Braddock Hills, Pennsylvania $18,545 1205 Middletown, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $18,535 1206 Rothsville, Pennsylvania $18,535 1207 Cornplanter Township, Pennsylvania $18,532 1208 Rochester Township, Pennsylvania $18,528 1209 Greenfield Township, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania $18,517 1210 Stowe, Pennsylvania $18,515 1211 Franklin Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $18,510 1212 Fountain Hill, Pennsylvania $18,508 1213 Sharon Hill, Pennsylvania $18,503 1214 Friendsville, Pennsylvania $18,502 1215 Kelly Township, Pennsylvania $18,499 1216 Gibson Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $18,493 1217 Union Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $18,488 1218 Vinco, Pennsylvania $18,488 1219 Conneaut Lake, Pennsylvania $18,486 1220 White Deer Township, Pennsylvania $18,486 1221 Jones Township, Pennsylvania $18,479 1222 Hillsgrove Township, Pennsylvania $18,471 1223 Union Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $18,468 1224 Eaton Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $18,464 1225 Lenox Township, Pennsylvania $18,459 1226 McKean Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $18,457 1227 Mayberry Township, Pennsylvania $18,451 1228 Damascus Township, Pennsylvania $18,449 1229 Lincoln, Pennsylvania $18,447 1230 Logan Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $18,439 1231 Brookville, Pennsylvania $18,437 1232 Bell Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $18,434 1233 Conewago Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $18,434 1234 Worth Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $18,434 1235 East Chillisquaque Township, Pennsylvania $18,431 1236 Millcreek Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $18,428 1237 West Hemlock Township, Pennsylvania $18,428 1238 Wyoming, Pennsylvania $18,428 1239 Armstrong Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $18,423 1240 Spring Creek Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $18,422 1241 Buffalo Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $18,418 1242 West Pottsgrove Township, Pennsylvania $18,413 1243 Delaware Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $18,410 1244 Turbotville, Pennsylvania $18,401 1245 Allegany Township, Pennsylvania $18,391 1246 Finleyville, Pennsylvania $18,387 1247 Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania $18,384 1248 Tunkhannock Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $18,384 1249 Richland Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $18,383 1250 Porter Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $18,373 1251 Warriors Mark Township, Pennsylvania $18,362 1252 Mount Carbon, Pennsylvania $18,355 1253 Elim, Pennsylvania $18,345 1254 Upper Burrell Township, Pennsylvania $18,344 1255 Industry, Pennsylvania $18,337 1256 Jackson Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $18,326 1257 Union Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $18,323 1258 Wilmington Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $18,323 1259 Letterkenny Township, Pennsylvania $18,315 1260 Greensburg, Pennsylvania $18,312 1261 Somerset, Pennsylvania $18,310 1262 Armagh, Pennsylvania $18,309 1263 Reading Township, Pennsylvania $18,305 1264 Brockway, Pennsylvania $18,303 1265 Oliver Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $18,295 1266 Amwell Township, Pennsylvania $18,285 1267 Cressona, Pennsylvania $18,285 1268 Fairfield Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $18,284 1269 Newmanstown, Pennsylvania $18,284 1270 Benezette Township, Pennsylvania $18,282 1271 Southwest Greensburg, Pennsylvania $18,281 1272 Penbrook, Pennsylvania $18,274 1273 Warren, Pennsylvania $18,272 1274 Canadohta Lake, Pennsylvania $18,263 1275 Almedia, Pennsylvania $18,262 1276 Liverpool Township, Pennsylvania $18,261 1277 Taylor Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $18,260 1278 Shamokin Township, Pennsylvania $18,258 1279 Arendtsville, Pennsylvania $18,256 1280 Penn Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania $18,254 1271 Pennville, Pennsylvania $18,252 1282 Paupack Township, Pennsylvania $18,251 1283 Dallastown, Pennsylvania $18,249 1284 Monroe, Pennsylvania $18,242 1285 Derry Township, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania $18,234 1286 Northumberland, Pennsylvania $18,229 1287 Pine Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $18,216 1288 Coudersport, Pennsylvania $18,209 1289 Latrobe, Pennsylvania $18,208 1290 Cherry Ridge Township, Pennsylvania $18,204 1281 Jonestown, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $18,193 1292 Upper Fairfield Township, Pennsylvania $18,193 1293 Horton Township, Pennsylvania $18,189 1294 Springetts Manor-Yorklyn, Pennsylvania $18,189 1295 Maytown, Pennsylvania $18,181 1296 Monroe Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $18,177 1297 Greensboro, Pennsylvania $18,176 1298 Catharine Township, Pennsylvania $18,175 1299 Darlington Township, Pennsylvania $18,173 1300 Jackson Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $18,166 1301 Pottsville, Pennsylvania $18,165 1302 Snyder Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $18,163 1303 Colerain Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $18,149 1304 Spruce Creek Township, Pennsylvania $18,148 1305 New Sewickley Township, Pennsylvania $18,147 1306 Pen Argyl, Pennsylvania $18,145 1307 Biglerville, Pennsylvania $18,142 1308 West Mifflin, Pennsylvania $18,140 1309 Bridgewater Township, Pennsylvania $18,139 1310 Hazle Township, Pennsylvania $18,139 1311 East Mead Township, Pennsylvania $18,138 1312 Exeter Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $18,134 1313 West Hills, Pennsylvania $18,132 1314 Bell Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $18,130 1315 Bethel Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $18,122 1316 Fishing Creek Township, Pennsylvania $18,121 1317 Manor, Pennsylvania $18,118 1318 Nippenose Township, Pennsylvania $18,118 1319 Limestone Township, Union County, Pennsylvania $18,117 1320 Bethel Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania $18,116 1321 Chartiers Township, Pennsylvania $18,116 1322 Hopewell Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania $18,114 1323 Salem Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $18,114 1324 West Kittanning, Pennsylvania $18,112 1325 Slickville, Pennsylvania $18,111 1326 South Buffalo Township, Pennsylvania $18,106 1327 East Union Township, Pennsylvania $18,104 1328 Loganville, Pennsylvania $18,101 1329 Wellsboro, Pennsylvania $18,096 1330 Townville, Pennsylvania $18,095 1321 Walnutport, Pennsylvania $18,095 1332 Woodcock Township, Pennsylvania $18,093 1333 Eldred Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $18,079 1334 Hanover Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $18,079 1335 Elizabethville, Pennsylvania $18,077 1336 Perry Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $18,066 1337 New Oxford, Pennsylvania $18,065 1338 Gap, Pennsylvania $18,052 1339 Munhall, Pennsylvania $18,052 1340 Knox, Pennsylvania $18,043 1341 McChesneytown-Loyalhanna, Pennsylvania $18,041 1342 Royalton, Pennsylvania $18,029 1343 Bedford, Pennsylvania $18,028 1344 Fredericksburg, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $18,021 1345 Pine Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $18,015 1346 Harrison Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $18,011 1347 Ogle Township, Pennsylvania $18,005 1348 Houston, Pennsylvania $18,001 1349 Worth Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $17,999 1350 Fairview, Butler County, Pennsylvania $17,997 1351 Scottdale, Pennsylvania $17,994 1352 Taylor Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $17,994 1353 Glasgow, Pennsylvania $17,989 1354 Freemansburg, Pennsylvania $17,983 1355 Blakely, Pennsylvania $17,979 1356 Sharpsville, Pennsylvania $17,979 1357 Norristown, Pennsylvania $17,977 1358 West Nottingham Township, Pennsylvania $17,975 1359 Roaring Spring, Pennsylvania $17,972 1360 Birmingham, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $17,964 1361 Belmont, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $17,958 1362 Forkston Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $17,956 1363 Sadsbury Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $17,956 1364 Antis Township, Pennsylvania $17,950 1365 Windham Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $17,948 1366 Independence Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $17,946 1367 Garden View, Pennsylvania $17,945 1368 Upper Paxton Township, Pennsylvania $17,945 1369 Clara Township, Pennsylvania $17,929 1370 Midway, Adams County, Pennsylvania $17,928 1371 Newville, Pennsylvania $17,922 1372 Nescopeck Township, Pennsylvania $17,918 1373 Clinton Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $17,914 1374 Providence Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $17,912 1375 South Greensburg, Pennsylvania $17,910 1376 West Township, Pennsylvania $17,910 1377 McDonald, Pennsylvania $17,907 1378 West Easton, Pennsylvania $17,901 1379 New Philadelphia, Pennsylvania $17,899 1380 Franklin Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $17,898 1381 Penndel, Pennsylvania $17,897 1382 Avoca, Pennsylvania $17,896 1383 Donora, Pennsylvania $17,893 1384 New Alexandria, Pennsylvania $17,893 1385 Rush Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $17,893 1386 Venango Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $17,891 1387 Sterling Township, Pennsylvania $17,889 1388 Lehigh Township, Carbon County, Pennsylvania $17,883 1389 Caernarvon Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $17,881 1390 Bastress Township, Pennsylvania $17,880 1391 Jamison City, Pennsylvania $17,873 1392 Benton Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $17,853 1393 Dyberry Township, Pennsylvania $17,847 1394 Mifflin Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $17,844 1395 Ohioville, Pennsylvania $17,837 1396 Blanchard, Centre County, Pennsylvania $17,836 1397 North Charleroi, Pennsylvania $17,834 1398 Spring Mills, Pennsylvania $17,832 1399 Perryopolis, Pennsylvania $17,829 1400 Huntington Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $17,827 1401 Pine Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $17,824 1402 Lower Chanceford Township, York County, Pennsylvania $17,821 1403 Briar Creek Township, Pennsylvania $17,818 1404 Valley View, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $17,817 1405 Chicora, Pennsylvania $17,815 1406 Foster Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania $17,809 1407 Tionesta, Pennsylvania $17,799 1408 Bradys Bend Township, Pennsylvania $17,797 1409 New Bethlehem, Pennsylvania $17,796 1410 Exeter Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $17,792 1411 Mead Township, Pennsylvania $17,792 1412 Brady Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $17,789 1413 East Franklin Township, Pennsylvania $17,787 1414 Chalfant, Pennsylvania $17,784 1415 Midway, Washington County, Pennsylvania $17,783 1416 Stowe Township, Pennsylvania $17,783 1417 Muncy, Pennsylvania $17,782 1418 South Newton Township, Pennsylvania $17,782 1419 Rices Landing, Pennsylvania $17,775 1420 Union Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $17,773 1421 Armstrong Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $17,772 1422 Cumberland Valley Township, Pennsylvania $17,768 1423 Courtdale, Pennsylvania $17,765 1424 Barree Township, Pennsylvania $17,762 1425 Pleasant Gap, Pennsylvania $17,747 1426 Bangor, Pennsylvania $17,742 1427 Enola, Pennsylvania $17,740 1428 Atglen, Pennsylvania $17,735 1429 Shenango Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $17,728 1430 Folcroft, Pennsylvania $17,727 1431 Coolspring Township, Pennsylvania $17,724 1432 Red Lion, Pennsylvania $17,723 1433 Wilmington Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $17,719 1434 Youngwood, Pennsylvania $17,715 1435 Conewago Township, York County, Pennsylvania $17,703 1436 Allenport, Washington County, Pennsylvania $17,702 1437 Mars, Pennsylvania $17,701 1438 Liberty, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $17,690 1439 Wellsville, Pennsylvania $17,689 1440 Jessup Township, Pennsylvania $17,688 1441 Lower Mifflin Township, Pennsylvania $17,687 1442 Miller Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $17,680 1443 Moreland Township, Pennsylvania $17,680 1444 Delta, Pennsylvania $17,677 1445 Valley-Hi, Pennsylvania $17,677 1446 Ashley, Pennsylvania $17,676 1447 Reserve Township, Pennsylvania $17,676 1448 Black Creek Township, Pennsylvania $17,675 1449 Washington Township, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania $17,675 1450 Kreamer, Pennsylvania $17,667 1451 Benner Township, Pennsylvania $17,665 1452 Thompsontown, Pennsylvania $17,663 1453 Williams Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $17,656 1454 Cross Creek Township, Pennsylvania $17,654 1455 Richmond Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $17,650 1456 Daugherty Township, Pennsylvania $17,646 1457 South Huntingdon Township, Pennsylvania $17,645 1458 Volant, Pennsylvania $17,642 1459 Germany Township, Pennsylvania $17,636 1460 Liverpool, Pennsylvania $17,626 1461 Butler Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $17,623 1462 Frenchcreek Township, Pennsylvania $17,620 1463 Elizabeth, Pennsylvania $17,618 1464 St. Thomas Township, Pennsylvania $17,615 1465 West Mayfield, Pennsylvania $17,609 1466 West Wyoming, Pennsylvania $17,603 1467 Duryea, Pennsylvania $17,598 1468 Eldred Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $17,596 1469 Coraopolis, Pennsylvania $17,595 1470 Glendon, Pennsylvania $17,593 1471 Columbus Township, Pennsylvania $17,586 1472 Etna, Pennsylvania $17,580 1473 Hegins Township, Pennsylvania $17,571 1474 Northmoreland Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $17,571 1475 Greenfield Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $17,569 1476 Ford Cliff, Pennsylvania $17,568 1477 Richfield, Pennsylvania $17,555 1478 Turtle Creek, Pennsylvania $17,552 1479 Oklahoma, Pennsylvania $17,547 1480 Mehoopany Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $17,546 1481 East Penn Township, Pennsylvania $17,545 1482 Seven Valleys, Pennsylvania $17,544 1483 Barry Township, Pennsylvania $17,539 1484 Pike Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $17,539 1485 Bradford, Pennsylvania $17,537 1486 Gilpin Township, Pennsylvania $17,520 1487 Roscoe, Pennsylvania $17,508 1488 Hamlin Township, Pennsylvania $17,505 1489 Gregg Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $17,504 1490 Earl Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $17,503 1491 West York, Pennsylvania $17,503 1492 Springfield Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $17,493 1493 Lime Ridge, Pennsylvania $17,489 1494 Decatur Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $17,485 1495 Rose Township, Pennsylvania $17,472 1496 Drumore Township, Pennsylvania $17,470 1497 Canonsburg, Pennsylvania $17,469 1498 Rouzerville, Pennsylvania $17,467 1499 Elmhurst Township, Pennsylvania $17,465 1500 Honesdale, Pennsylvania $17,464 1501 Huntington Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $17,461 1502 Lykens, Pennsylvania $17,459 1503 Southampton Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania $17,458 1504 Dushore, Pennsylvania $17,448 1505 Edgewood, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania $17,445 1506 Sugarloaf Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $17,444 1507 Grier City-Park Crest, Pennsylvania $17,443 1508 Windham Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $17,443 1509 Clifford Township, Pennsylvania $17,442 1510 Delaware Township, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania $17,442 1511 Greene Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $17,442 1512 Towanda, Pennsylvania $17,438 1513 Wilmot Township, Pennsylvania $17,438 1514 Prospect, Pennsylvania $17,435 1515 Elk Creek Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $17,424 1516 Roseto, Pennsylvania $17,419 1517 Jermyn, Pennsylvania $17,417 1518 Menallen Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $17,415 1519 Middlebury Township, Pennsylvania $17,390 1520 Springfield Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $17,389 1521 North Woodbury Township, Pennsylvania $17,386 1522 Ayr Township, Pennsylvania $17,380 1523 Hubley Township, Pennsylvania $17,377 1524 Blossburg, Pennsylvania $17,375 1525 Clearfield, Pennsylvania $17,374 1526 Dickson City, Pennsylvania $17,370 1527 Arona, Pennsylvania $17,365 1528 Petrolia, Pennsylvania $17,358 1529 Portersville, Pennsylvania $17,356 1530 Adamsville, Pennsylvania $17,351 1531 Duboistown, Pennsylvania $17,348 1532 Greenwood Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $17,344 1533 Winfield Township, Pennsylvania $17,338 1534 Blooming Valley, Pennsylvania $17,334 1535 Deemston, Pennsylvania $17,331 1536 Mahoning Township, Carbon County, Pennsylvania $17,330 1537 Nicholson Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $17,330 1538 West Homestead, Pennsylvania $17,327 1539 Worth Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $17,324 1540 Salem Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $17,317 1541 Fermanagh Township, Pennsylvania $17,315 1542 Oakland Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $17,313 1543 Littlestown, Pennsylvania $17,310 1544 Smethport, Pennsylvania $17,297 1545 Beaver Meadows, Pennsylvania $17,296 1546 Richmond Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $17,292 1547 Meadville, Pennsylvania $17,290 1548 West Chillisquaque Township, Pennsylvania $17,290 1549 Donegal Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $17,288 1550 Genesee Township, Pennsylvania $17,285 1551 Plymouth Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $17,285 1552 Lurgan Township, Pennsylvania $17,276 1553 New Buffalo, Pennsylvania $17,276 1554 Portland, Pennsylvania $17,275 1555 Hazleton, Pennsylvania $17,270 1556 Berrysburg, Pennsylvania $17,269 1557 Washington Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $17,269 1558 Wharton Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania $17,268 1559 Dravosburg, Pennsylvania $17,264 1560 Abbottstown, Pennsylvania $17,246 1561 Fairfield, Pennsylvania $17,243 1562 Lorain, Pennsylvania $17,243 1563 East Drumore Township, Pennsylvania $17,229 1564 Big Beaver, Pennsylvania $17,228 1565 Shippen Township, Cameron County, Pennsylvania $17,228 1566 West Keating Township, Pennsylvania $17,224 1567 Carbon Township, Pennsylvania $17,222 1568 Girard Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $17,222 1569 Pike Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania $17,220 1570 Mont Alto, Pennsylvania $17,216 1571 West Branch Township, Pennsylvania $17,214 1572 Hop Bottom, Pennsylvania $17,208 1573 Washington Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $17,207 1574 Mercer Township, Pennsylvania $17,205 1575 Tyrone Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $17,202 1576 Bristol, Pennsylvania $17,198 1577 Clay Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $17,195 1578 Hopwood, Pennsylvania $17,194 1579 Jessup, Pennsylvania $17,189 1580 Winslow Township, Pennsylvania $17,189 1581 Shrewsbury Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $17,186 1582 Pillow, Pennsylvania $17,182 1583 Darby Township, Pennsylvania $17,179 1584 Myerstown, Pennsylvania $17,177 1585 Forward Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $17,175 1586 Oxford Township, Pennsylvania $17,175 1587 West Buffalo Township, Pennsylvania $17,173 1588 Adamsburg, Pennsylvania $17,172 1589 Bloomfield, Pennsylvania $17,168 1590 Orangeville, Pennsylvania $17,167 1591 Wyalusing Township, Pennsylvania $17,165 1592 Towanda Township, Pennsylvania $17,164 1593 Mifflinburg, Pennsylvania $17,161 1594 Ellsworth, Pennsylvania $17,159 1595 Monongahela Township, Pennsylvania $17,158 1596 Ridgway, Pennsylvania $17,157 1597 Jefferson Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $17,154 1598 Jefferson Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $17,143 1599 Waterford, Pennsylvania $17,135 1600 West Liberty, Pennsylvania $17,133 1601 Penn Forest Township, Pennsylvania $17,129 1602 Wayne Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $17,128 1603 Wetmore Township, Pennsylvania $17,128 1604 East Earl Township, Pennsylvania $17,127 1605 Washington Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $17,124 1606 Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania $17,119 1607 Baden, Pennsylvania $17,112 1608 Lynnwood-Pricedale, Pennsylvania $17,112 1609 Connoquenessing, Pennsylvania $17,111 1610 Summit Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $17,109 1611 East Deer Township, Pennsylvania $17,108 1612 North Union Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $17,108 1613 Mayfield, Pennsylvania $17,106 1614 Greenwood Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $17,104 1615 Asylum Township, Pennsylvania $17,102 1616 Koppel, Pennsylvania $17,101 1617 Lower Mahanoy Township, Pennsylvania $17,097 1618 Franklin Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $17,096 1619 Coolbaugh Township, Pennsylvania $17,094 1620 Noyes Township, Pennsylvania $17,094 1621 Bethel Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $17,093 1622 Tulpehocken Township, Pennsylvania $17,092 1623 Conneautville, Pennsylvania $17,087 1624 McCalmont Township, Pennsylvania $17,083 1625 DuBois, Pennsylvania $17,079 1626 Troy Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $17,076 1627 Laurel Run, Pennsylvania $17,066 1628 Midland, Pennsylvania $17,066 1629 Penn Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $17,063 1630 Waynesboro, Pennsylvania $17,063 1631 Mount Jewett, Pennsylvania $17,056 1632 Hickory Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $17,055 1633 Oakland Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania $17,051 1634 Olyphant, Pennsylvania $17,049 1635 Calumet-Norvelt, Pennsylvania $17,043 1636 Buckhorn, Pennsylvania $17,042 1637 Dupont, Pennsylvania $17,042 1638 Packer Township, Pennsylvania $17,038 1639 Linwood, Pennsylvania $17,037 1640 Beaver Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $17,026 1641 Jackson Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $17,016 1642 Donegal Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $17,012 1643 Pine Grove Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $17,011 1644 Peach Bottom Township, York County, Pennsylvania $17,005 1645 Monaca, Pennsylvania $17,001 1646 Lenhartsville, Pennsylvania $16,998 1647 Throop, Pennsylvania $16,998 1648 North Versailles Township, Pennsylvania $16,991 1649 Beale Township, Pennsylvania $16,988 1650 Beech Creek Township, Pennsylvania $16,983 1651 Jordan Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $16,983 1652 Cleveland Township, Pennsylvania $16,982 1653 Southampton Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania $16,981 1654 Milton, Pennsylvania $16,980 1655 Miller Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $16,978 1656 Hayfield Township, Pennsylvania $16,973 1657 Sandy, Pennsylvania $16,968 1658 Landingville, Pennsylvania $16,965 1659 Covington Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $16,964 1660 Troy, Pennsylvania $16,963 1661 Bowmanstown, Pennsylvania $16,956 1662 Emlenton, Pennsylvania $16,952 1663 Tuscarora Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $16,951 1664 Salem Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $16,947 1665 Burlington Township, Pennsylvania $16,946 1666 Conyngham Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $16,946 1667 Richland Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania $16,940 1668 North York, Pennsylvania $16,938 1669 Oliver Township, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania $16,938 1670 Pine Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $16,938 1671 Newport Township, Pennsylvania $16,930 1672 Oakwood, Pennsylvania $16,930 1673 Mill Creek Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $16,928 1674 Brokenstraw Township, Pennsylvania $16,924 1675 Flemington, Pennsylvania $16,924 1676 Pymatuning Central, Pennsylvania $16,923 1677 Titusville, Pennsylvania $16,915 1678 Mount Pleasant Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $16,913 1679 Orbisonia, Pennsylvania $16,911 1680 Tioga, Pennsylvania $16,905 1681 Jackson Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $16,903 1682 Monongahela, Pennsylvania $16,903 1683 Sugarcreek Township, Pennsylvania $16,903 1684 Sugar Grove, Pennsylvania $16,896 1685 Center Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $16,891 1686 Greene Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $16,890 1687 Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania $16,890 1688 Addison Township, Pennsylvania $16,889 1689 McConnellsburg, Pennsylvania $16,884 1690 Elk Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $16,883 1691 Lower Chichester Township, Pennsylvania $16,881 1692 Jefferson Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $16,880 1693 Lower Towamensing Township, Pennsylvania $16,878 1694 Lower Augusta Township, Pennsylvania $16,877 1695 Lewis Township, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania $16,876 1696 Litchfield Township, Pennsylvania $16,874 1697 Sugarcreek, Pennsylvania $16,873 1698 North Shenango Township, Pennsylvania $16,872 1699 Cambria Township, Pennsylvania $16,868 1700 Madison Township, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania $16,864 1701 Smith Township, Pennsylvania $16,864 1702 Connellsville Township, Pennsylvania $16,860 1703 Belfast Township, Pennsylvania $16,853 1704 Nuangola, Pennsylvania $16,851 1705 Freeport, Pennsylvania $16,845 1706 Laporte Township, Pennsylvania $16,845 1707 Pinegrove Township, Pennsylvania $16,843 1708 Apolacon Township, Pennsylvania $16,841 1709 Delaware Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $16,840 1710 Jordan Township, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania $16,839 1711 Scrubgrass Township, Pennsylvania $16,839 1712 Gratz, Pennsylvania $16,837 1713 West Salem Township, Pennsylvania $16,834 1714 Foster Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $16,824 1715 Bendersville Station-Aspers, Pennsylvania $16,821 1716 McAlisterville, Pennsylvania $16,821 1717 Nesquehoning, Pennsylvania $16,820 1718 Upper Frankford Township, Pennsylvania $16,819 1719 Newport, Pennsylvania $16,818 1720 Quincy Township, Pennsylvania $16,816 1721 Union Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $16,816 1722 Granville Township, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania $16,807 1723 Palo Alto, Pennsylvania $16,806 1724 Schuylkill Haven, Pennsylvania $16,804 1725 Covington Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $16,802 1726 Snake Spring Township, Pennsylvania $16,801 1727 Lausanne Township, Pennsylvania $16,797 1728 Robinson Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $16,797 1729 Yoe, Pennsylvania $16,795 1730 Avondale, Pennsylvania $16,794 1731 Hollenback Township, Pennsylvania $16,794 1732 Beavertown, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $16,792 1733 East Prospect, Pennsylvania $16,787 1734 Pleasant Hill, Pennsylvania $16,787 1735 Wayne Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania $16,785 1736 Brown Township, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania $16,784 1737 Fairfield Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $16,783 1738 Brownsville Township, Pennsylvania $16,777 1739 Loganton, Pennsylvania $16,773 1740 Blairsville, Pennsylvania $16,771 1741 German Township, Pennsylvania $16,769 1742 Black Lick Township, Pennsylvania $16,766 1743 Washington Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $16,766 1744 Eden Township, Pennsylvania $16,764 1745 Porter Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $16,764 1746 Shelocta, Pennsylvania $16,763 1747 Braintrim Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $16,758 1748 Pymatuning South, Pennsylvania $16,754 1749 Collingdale, Pennsylvania $16,751 1750 Sheffield, Pennsylvania $16,751 1751 Farmington Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $16,747 1752 Summerville, Pennsylvania $16,745 1753 Eldred Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $16,743 1754 New Lebanon, Pennsylvania $16,735 1755 Huston Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $16,734 1756 Choconut Township, Pennsylvania $16,726 1757 Todd Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania $16,726 1758 Bullskin Township, Pennsylvania $16,719 1759 North Newton Township, Pennsylvania $16,719 1760 Union Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $16,717 1761 Smithton, Pennsylvania $16,715 1762 Taylor, Pennsylvania $16,714 1763 Railroad, Pennsylvania $16,709 1764 Driftwood, Pennsylvania $16,708 1765 Hopewell Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $16,708 1766 Cherry Township, Sullivan County, Pennsylvania $16,706 1767 South Canaan Township, Pennsylvania $16,706 1768 Lemon Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $16,703 1769 East McKeesport, Pennsylvania $16,695 1770 Susquehanna Trails, Pennsylvania $16,695 1771 Danville, Pennsylvania $16,693 1772 Tresckow, Pennsylvania $16,693 1773 Spring Hill, Pennsylvania $16,688 1774 Girard, Pennsylvania $16,682 1775 Oil Creek Township, Pennsylvania $16,682 1776 Milford Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $16,677 1777 Clarence, Pennsylvania $16,666 1778 Valley Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $16,664 1779 Middleburg, Pennsylvania $16,660 1780 Washington Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $16,655 1781 Centerville, Washington County, Pennsylvania $16,648 1782 Lake Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $16,641 1783 Stonycreek Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $16,638 1784 Arnold, Pennsylvania $16,631 1785 Paradise Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $16,631 1786 Monessen, Pennsylvania $16,627 1787 Columbia, Pennsylvania $16,626 1788 Chatham Township, Pennsylvania $16,623 1789 Charleston Township, Pennsylvania $16,621 1790 Pine Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $16,621 1791 Mexico, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $16,620 1792 Bald Eagle Township, Pennsylvania $16,616 1793 Canal Township, Pennsylvania $16,612 1794 Steelton, Pennsylvania $16,612 1795 Sugar Grove Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $16,602 1796 Port Allegany, Pennsylvania $16,601 1797 South Centre Township, Pennsylvania $16,600 1798 Yorkana, Pennsylvania $16,599 1799 Mill Hall, Pennsylvania $16,593 1800 East Lackawannock Township, Pennsylvania $16,589 1801 Annville, Pennsylvania $16,586 1802 Franklin Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $16,584 1803 Oxford, Pennsylvania $16,579 1804 Limestone Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $16,577 1805 Hovey Township, Pennsylvania $16,573 1806 Tremont Township, Pennsylvania $16,573 1807 Friedens, Pennsylvania $16,571 1808 Washington Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $16,563 1809 Oregon Township, Pennsylvania $16,554 1810 Saltlick Township, Pennsylvania $16,554 1811 Nescopeck, Pennsylvania $16,553 1812 Forest Lake Township, Pennsylvania $16,550 1813 Applewold, Pennsylvania $16,549 1814 Irwin Township, Pennsylvania $16,549 1815 Fayette Township, Pennsylvania $16,548 1816 New Berlin, Pennsylvania $16,547 1817 South Shenango Township, Pennsylvania $16,546 1818 McKeansburg, Pennsylvania $16,541 1819 Pine Glen, Pennsylvania $16,540 1820 Wolf Creek Township, Pennsylvania $16,538 1821 Eddystone, Pennsylvania $16,537 1822 North Buffalo Township, Pennsylvania $16,528 1823 West Hazleton, Pennsylvania $16,525 1824 LeBoeuf Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $16,522 1825 Locust Township, Pennsylvania $16,522 1826 Mount Pleasant, Pennsylvania $16,517 1827 North East Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $16,516 1828 Davidsville, Pennsylvania $16,512 1829 Mechanicsville, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $16,511 1830 Coburn, Pennsylvania $16,510 1831 Somerset Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $16,510 1832 Morris Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $16,509 1833 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania $16,509 1834 Valencia, Pennsylvania $16,501 1835 Hookstown, Pennsylvania $16,499 1836 Snow Shoe, Pennsylvania $16,497 1837 Port Carbon, Pennsylvania $16,496 1838 La Plume Township, Pennsylvania $16,491 1839 Perry Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $16,482 1840 Monroe Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $16,477 1841 Piney Township, Pennsylvania $16,473 1842 Highland Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $16,468 1843 Butler, Pennsylvania $16,457 1844 Tyrone Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania $16,456 1845 Tuscarora, Pennsylvania $16,455 1846 Saville Township, Pennsylvania $16,454 1847 Schuylkill Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $16,452 1848 Swoyersville, Pennsylvania $16,449 1849 Union Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania $16,448 1850 Halifax, Pennsylvania $16,443 1851 Clarion Township, Pennsylvania $16,442 1852 Warren Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $16,442 1853 South Heights, Pennsylvania $16,440 1854 Liberty Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania $16,434 1855 Great Bend Township, Pennsylvania $16,431 1856 Kimmel Township, Pennsylvania $16,429 1857 Limestone Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania $16,426 1858 Derry Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $16,425 1859 Sheffield Township, Pennsylvania $16,423 1860 Franklin, Venango County, Pennsylvania $16,414 1861 South Versailles Township, Pennsylvania $16,414 1862 Deer Creek Township, Pennsylvania $16,413 1863 Ulster Township, Pennsylvania $16,411 1864 Falls Creek, Pennsylvania $16,410 1865 Manorville, Pennsylvania $16,407 1866 West Newton, Pennsylvania $16,406 1867 McKean, Pennsylvania $16,403 1868 Lincoln Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $16,400 1869 Wayne Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $16,398 1870 Franklin Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $16,397 1871 East Taylor Township, Pennsylvania $16,393 1872 Falls Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $16,392 1873 Slabtown, Pennsylvania $16,384 1874 Morrisville, Greene County, Pennsylvania $16,380 1875 Snow Shoe Township, Pennsylvania $16,374 1876 Bressler-Enhaut-Oberlin, Pennsylvania $16,373 1877 Avis, Pennsylvania $16,371 1878 Clinton Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania $16,370 1879 Grove City, Pennsylvania $16,365 1880 North Branch Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $16,365 1881 Cranberry Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania $16,361 1882 Crawford Township, Pennsylvania $16,360 1883 Independence Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $16,355 1884 White Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $16,354 1885 Terry Township, Pennsylvania $16,352 1886 Blythe Township, Pennsylvania $16,348 1887 Penn Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $16,346 1888 Duncansville, Pennsylvania $16,344 1889 Smithfield Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $16,335 1890 Fairmount Township, Pennsylvania $16,334 1891 Washington Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $16,333 1892 West Middlesex, Pennsylvania $16,332 1893 Henderson Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $16,326 1894 Bloomfield Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $16,325 1895 Gilmore Township, Pennsylvania $16,325 1896 Fredericksburg, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $16,321 1897 Lawrence Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $16,321 1898 Columbia Township, Pennsylvania $16,320 1899 Cooperstown, Pennsylvania $16,314 1900 Union Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $16,309 1901 Schellsburg, Pennsylvania $16,303 1902 Ravine, Pennsylvania $16,297 1903 Fairview Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $16,295 1904 Homer City, Pennsylvania $16,293 1905 Kiskiminetas Township, Pennsylvania $16,291 1906 Vandergrift, Pennsylvania $16,285 1907 West Shenango Township, Pennsylvania $16,284 1908 Allentown, Pennsylvania $16,282 1909 Cass Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $16,282 1910 Pymatuning North, Pennsylvania $16,282 1911 Youngsville, Pennsylvania $16,278 1912 Lake Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $16,274 1913 Hughesville, Pennsylvania $16,271 1914 Washington Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $16,270 1915 Huston Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $16,268 1916 Salisbury Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $16,268 1917 South Bethlehem, Pennsylvania $16,266 1918 Freedom, Pennsylvania $16,261 1919 Wharton Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $16,261 1920 Fell Township, Pennsylvania $16,260 1921 Summit Station, Pennsylvania $16,258 1922 Milesburg, Pennsylvania $16,255 1923 Foxburg, Pennsylvania $16,251 1924 Carrolltown, Pennsylvania $16,250 1925 Hopewell Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $16,245 1926 Leechburg, Pennsylvania $16,242 1927 Perry Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $16,241 1928 Coalport, Pennsylvania $16,232 1929 Madisonburg, Pennsylvania $16,231 1930 Waterford Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $16,229 1931 Palmerton, Pennsylvania $16,225 1932 Blain, Pennsylvania $16,223 1933 Delmar Township, Pennsylvania $16,219 1934 Adams Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $16,217 1935 Luzerne, Pennsylvania $16,217 1936 Shippenville, Pennsylvania $16,216 1937 Port Royal, Pennsylvania $16,212 1938 East St. Clair Township, Pennsylvania $16,211 1939 Iola, Pennsylvania $16,211 1940 Allegheny Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $16,204 1931 Otter Creek Township, Pennsylvania $16,203 1932 South Woodbury Township, Pennsylvania $16,197 1943 Larksville, Pennsylvania $16,196 1944 Weatherly, Pennsylvania $16,192 1945 Beaver Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $16,189 1946 Slatington, Pennsylvania $16,189 1947 Banks Township, Carbon County, Pennsylvania $16,186 1948 Menallen Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $16,186 1949 Knox Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $16,185 1950 Harrison Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $16,182 1951 Hanover Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania $16,181 1952 Cherrytree Township, Pennsylvania $16,176 1953 Howard Township, Pennsylvania $16,175 1954 Scranton, Pennsylvania $16,174 1955 Geneva, Pennsylvania $16,171 1956 Kane, Pennsylvania $16,167 1957 Oilcreek Township, Pennsylvania $16,166 1958 Saegertown, Pennsylvania $16,163 1959 Barkeyville, Pennsylvania $16,161 1960 Cooper Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $16,161 1961 Porter Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania $16,161 1962 Slippery Rock Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $16,160 1963 Albany Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $16,156 1964 Catawissa, Pennsylvania $16,154 1965 New Kensington, Pennsylvania $16,152 1966 Lewisberry, Pennsylvania $16,147 1967 Petersburg, Pennsylvania $16,141 1968 North East, Pennsylvania $16,132 1969 Yeagertown, Pennsylvania $16,130 1970 Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania $16,127 1971 Rutland Township, Pennsylvania $16,125 1972 Glenfield, Pennsylvania $16,123 1973 Cadogan Township, Pennsylvania $16,122 1974 Salladasburg, Pennsylvania $16,122 1975 Walker Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $16,118 1976 McVeytown, Pennsylvania $16,116 1977 Pavia Township, Pennsylvania $16,115 1978 Watsontown, Pennsylvania $16,110 1979 Gaines Township, Pennsylvania $16,105 1980 Burgettstown, Pennsylvania $16,097 1981 Hawley, Pennsylvania $16,093 1982 Centralia, Pennsylvania $16,083 1983 Chester Township, Pennsylvania $16,072 1984 Port Vue, Pennsylvania $16,065 1985 French Creek Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $16,064 1986 Sergeant Township, Pennsylvania $16,063 1987 Callery, Pennsylvania $16,049 1988 Jackson Township, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania $16,039 1989 Napier Township, Pennsylvania $16,036 1990 Spartansburg, Pennsylvania $16,035 1991 Conemaugh Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $16,034 1992 Kulpmont, Pennsylvania $16,033 1993 Boggs Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $16,030 1994 Porter Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $16,030 1995 Exeter, Pennsylvania $16,022 1996 Sheshequin Township, Pennsylvania $16,017 1997 Jackson Township, Perry County, Pennsylvania $16,005 1998 Middlecreek Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $16,005 1999 Philipsburg, Centre County, Pennsylvania $16,002 2000 Bethel Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania $15,999 2001 Haines Township, Pennsylvania $15,993 2002 West Pike Run Township, Pennsylvania $15,988 2003 Sandy Creek Township, Pennsylvania $15,986 2004 Dublin Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania $15,984 2005 Lilly, Pennsylvania $15,984 2006 Stevens Township, Pennsylvania $15,983 2007 Farmington Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $15,982 2008 New Columbus, Pennsylvania $15,981 2009 Venango, Pennsylvania $15,978 2010 Mount Pleasant Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $15,968 2011 Adams Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $15,967 2012 Anthony Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania $15,962 2013 Perry Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $15,962 2014 Three Springs, Pennsylvania $15,962 2015 Jeannette, Pennsylvania $15,961 2016 Metal Township, Pennsylvania $15,958 2017 Burlington, Pennsylvania $15,951 2018 Graham Township, Pennsylvania $15,950 2019 Easton, Pennsylvania $15,949 2020 Dreher Township, Pennsylvania $15,945 2021 Greenwood Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $15,945 2022 Mifflin Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania $15,945 2023 Mineral Township, Pennsylvania $15,945 2024 Lathrop Township, Pennsylvania $15,941 2025 Mifflin Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $15,941 2026 Licking Creek Township, Pennsylvania $15,940 2027 Randolph Township, Pennsylvania $15,939 2028 Darlington, Pennsylvania $15,938 2029 Anthony Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $15,932 2030 New Milford Township, Pennsylvania $15,927 2031 Tunkhannock Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania $15,927 2032 Lawrence Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $15,920 2033 Beallsville, Pennsylvania $15,917 2034 Jacksonville, Pennsylvania $15,917 2035 Sharon, Pennsylvania $15,913 2036 Lehigh Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $15,910 2037 Watson Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $15,909 2038 Sugar Notch, Pennsylvania $15,902 2039 Avon, Pennsylvania $15,901 2040 Ridgebury Township, Pennsylvania $15,901 2041 Freeburg, Pennsylvania $15,893 2042 Jay Township, Pennsylvania $15,893 2043 New Beaver, Pennsylvania $15,893 2044 Versailles, Pennsylvania $15,889 2045 Duncannon, Pennsylvania $15,883 2046 Verona, Pennsylvania $15,881 2047 Mahoning Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $15,878 2048 Thompson Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $15,870 2049 Hyndman, Pennsylvania $15,865 2050 Liberty Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $15,857 2051 Springville Township, Pennsylvania $15,857 2052 Hickory Township, Forest County, Pennsylvania $15,856 2053 South Philipsburg, Pennsylvania $15,853 2054 Sewickley Township, Pennsylvania $15,846 2055 Richhill Township, Pennsylvania $15,845 2056 Piatt Township, Pennsylvania $15,842 2057 Everett, Pennsylvania $15,841 2058 Barnett Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $15,840 2059 West Bethlehem Township, Pennsylvania $15,834 2060 Tell Township, Pennsylvania $15,832 2061 Muddy Creek Township, Pennsylvania $15,821 2062 Oakland Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $15,820 2063 Nelson Township, Pennsylvania $15,818 2064 Liberty Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $15,814 2065 Windsor, Pennsylvania $15,808 2066 Plain Grove Township, Pennsylvania $15,807 2067 Rayne Township, Pennsylvania $15,806 2068 Burnham, Pennsylvania $15,800 2069 Jackson Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $15,790 2070 Harrisburg, Pennsylvania $15,787 2071 Manchester Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $15,786 2072 Auburn Township, Pennsylvania $15,785 2073 Ellwood City, Pennsylvania $15,784 2074 Trevorton, Pennsylvania $15,781 2075 Zerbe Township, Pennsylvania $15,780 2076 Forest City, Pennsylvania $15,774 2077 Millersville, Pennsylvania $15,773 2078 Marion Heights, Pennsylvania $15,772 2079 Munster Township, Pennsylvania $15,762 2080 Shirley Township, Pennsylvania $15,757 2081 Shoemakersville, Pennsylvania $15,756 2082 Cokeburg, Pennsylvania $15,754 2083 Stewart Township, Pennsylvania $15,754 2084 Port Matilda, Pennsylvania $15,753 2085 Trainer, Pennsylvania $15,753 2086 Gallitzin Township, Pennsylvania $15,752 2087 Millbourne, Pennsylvania $15,752 2088 Tamaqua, Pennsylvania $15,752 2089 Huntingdon, Pennsylvania $15,744 2090 Williamstown, Pennsylvania $15,744 2091 Salem Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $15,742 2092 Fulton Township, Pennsylvania $15,735 2093 Green Township, Forest County, Pennsylvania $15,725 2094 Jackson Center, Pennsylvania $15,721 2095 Bonneauville, Pennsylvania $15,720 2096 Wells Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $15,717 2097 Lackawannock Township, Pennsylvania $15,711 2098 Auburn, Pennsylvania $15,705 2099 Annin Township, Pennsylvania $15,703 2100 Freeland, Pennsylvania $15,701 2101 Sharpsburg, Pennsylvania $15,698 2102 Otto Township, Pennsylvania $15,697 2103 Perry Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $15,696 2104 Warrior Run, Pennsylvania $15,693 2105 Huston Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $15,688 2106 Rush Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $15,683 2107 Tower City, Pennsylvania $15,678 2108 Bessemer, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $15,677 2109 Wolfdale, Pennsylvania $15,676 2110 Eldred, Pennsylvania $15,674 2111 Derry, Pennsylvania $15,671 2112 Meshoppen Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $15,670 2113 Pike Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $15,670 2114 Jefferson Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $15,669 2115 Ulysses Township, Pennsylvania $15,669 2116 North Irwin, Pennsylvania $15,665 2117 Clover Township, Pennsylvania $15,661 2118 Pittsfield Township, Pennsylvania $15,661 2119 Upper Mifflin Township, Pennsylvania $15,660 2120 Woodward Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $15,659 2121 Lumber City, Pennsylvania $15,655 2122 Grove Township, Pennsylvania $15,650 2123 Allegheny Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania $15,646 2124 Burrell Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $15,645 2125 Wesleyville, Pennsylvania $15,644 2126 Nuremberg, Pennsylvania $15,642 2127 New Eagle, Pennsylvania $15,636 2128 Albion, Pennsylvania $15,631 2129 Johnsonburg, Pennsylvania $15,631 2130 Washington Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $15,629 2131 Cherry Grove Township, Pennsylvania $15,628 2132 Colerain Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania $15,626 2133 Minersville, Pennsylvania $15,623 2134 Triumph Township, Pennsylvania $15,621 2135 Berlin, Pennsylvania $15,614 2136 Elgin, Pennsylvania $15,611 2137 Pleasantville, Venango County, Pennsylvania $15,608 2138 Knoxville, Pennsylvania $15,605 2139 Prompton, Pennsylvania $15,601 2140 East Huntingdon Township, Pennsylvania $15,598 2141 Wampum, Pennsylvania $15,598 2142 Portage, Pennsylvania $15,594 2143 Morgan Township, Pennsylvania $15,588 2144 Maxatawny Township, Pennsylvania $15,586 2145 Lebanon, Pennsylvania $15,584 2146 Chapman, Pennsylvania $15,571 2147 Sharon Township, Pennsylvania $15,570 2148 Beech Creek, Pennsylvania $15,567 2149 Cresson, Pennsylvania $15,562 2150 Union Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $15,558 2151 Lumber Township, Pennsylvania $15,556 2152 Licking Township, Pennsylvania $15,553 2153 Ward Township, Pennsylvania $15,553 2154 Harford Township, Pennsylvania $15,551 2155 Englewood, Pennsylvania $15,547 2156 Hunlock Township, Pennsylvania $15,541 2157 Toboyne Township, Pennsylvania $15,537 2158 Wayne Township, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania $15,537 2159 Linesville, Pennsylvania $15,534 2160 Franklin Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $15,532 2161 Penn Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $15,530 2162 Fox Township, Elk County, Pennsylvania $15,529 2163 Union Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $15,528 2164 Muncy Creek Township, Pennsylvania $15,500 2165 Rockland Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania $15,495 2166 Clintonville, Pennsylvania $15,488 2167 Greene Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $15,486 2168 Sheakleyville, Pennsylvania $15,479 2169 Lower Oxford Township, Pennsylvania $15,475 2170 Berlin Township, Pennsylvania $15,470 2171 Bloom Township, Pennsylvania $15,470 2172 Liberty Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $15,468 2173 McClure, Pennsylvania $15,466 2174 Lamar Township, Pennsylvania $15,464 2175 Taylor Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania $15,461 2176 Canaan Township, Pennsylvania $15,460 2177 Delano, Pennsylvania $15,460 2178 Sandy Lake, Pennsylvania $15,460 2179 Middle Taylor Township, Pennsylvania $15,459 2180 Ashland Township, Pennsylvania $15,457 2181 Lincoln Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $15,457 2182 Standing Stone Township, Pennsylvania $15,456 2183 Forks Township, Sullivan County, Pennsylvania $15,451 2184 Castanea Township, Pennsylvania $15,448 2185 Ellport, Pennsylvania $15,447 2186 Morris Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $15,430 2187 Pine Creek Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $15,426 2188 Rome Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $15,425 2189 Alexandria, Pennsylvania $15,423 2190 Nicholson Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $15,423 2191 Canton Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania $15,420 2192 Lake City, Pennsylvania $15,419 2193 St. Clair, Pennsylvania $15,418 2194 Girard Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $15,412 2195 Concord Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $15,409 2196 Parryville, Pennsylvania $15,409 2197 Tionesta Township, Pennsylvania $15,404 2198 Picture Rocks, Pennsylvania $15,402 2199 Fairview-Ferndale, Pennsylvania $15,400 2200 Pulaski Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $15,397 2201 Lycoming Township, Pennsylvania $15,395 2202 Port Clinton, Pennsylvania $15,395 2203 Upland, Pennsylvania $15,391 2204 Cass Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $15,389 2205 Spring Creek Township, Elk County, Pennsylvania $15,383 2206 Landisburg, Pennsylvania $15,379 2207 Mount Carmel Township, Pennsylvania $15,376 2208 Rockhill Furnace, Pennsylvania $15,376 2209 Taylor Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $15,368 2210 West Brownsville, Pennsylvania $15,368 2211 Young Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $15,367 2212 Wheatland, Pennsylvania $15,365 2213 Clinton Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $15,363 2214 Eldred Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania $15,361 2215 Rochester, Pennsylvania $15,359 2216 Harmony Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $15,351 2217 Nanticoke, Pennsylvania $15,348 2218 Wilburton Number One, Pennsylvania $15,348 2219 Cogan House Township, Pennsylvania $15,345 2220 East Cameron Township, Pennsylvania $15,345 2221 Jersey Shore, Pennsylvania $15,343 2222 Troutville, Pennsylvania $15,335 2223 Waynesburg, Pennsylvania $15,333 2224 Coal Township, Pennsylvania $15,329 2225 Buffington Township, Pennsylvania $15,327 2226 Colebrook Township, Pennsylvania $15,327 2227 Franklin, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $15,322 2228 Jonestown, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania $15,322 2229 Fallston, Pennsylvania $15,312 2230 Hartley Township, Pennsylvania $15,310 2231 McEwensville, Pennsylvania $15,309 2232 Oliver Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $15,308 2233 Riceville, Pennsylvania $15,305 2234 Bloomfield Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $15,303 2235 Mainville, Pennsylvania $15,303 2236 East Brady, Pennsylvania $15,299 2237 Brady Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $15,298 2238 Jefferson, Greene County, Pennsylvania $15,294 2239 Cumberland Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $15,293 2240 West Burlington Township, Pennsylvania $15,291 2241 Karns City, Pennsylvania $15,290 2242 Tioga Township, Pennsylvania $15,290 2243 West Perry Township, Pennsylvania $15,288 2244 Tyrone, Pennsylvania $15,285 2245 Unionville, Centre County, Pennsylvania $15,284 2246 Foundryville, Pennsylvania $15,283 2247 Clay Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $15,282 2248 Southwest Township, Pennsylvania $15,281 2249 Juniata Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $15,277 2250 Chest Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $15,276 2251 Fairdale, Pennsylvania $15,275 2252 Tidioute, Pennsylvania $15,272 2253 Southampton Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $15,271 2254 Wiconisco Township, Pennsylvania $15,268 2255 Tuscarora Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $15,264 2256 South Connellsville, Pennsylvania $15,261 2257 Coalmont, Pennsylvania $15,260 2258 Decatur Township, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania $15,248 2259 New Boston-Morea, Pennsylvania $15,243 2260 West Franklin Township, Pennsylvania $15,243 2261 Clearfield Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $15,241 2262 Emporium, Pennsylvania $15,239 2263 Beaver Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $15,225 2264 Dimock Township, Pennsylvania $15,216 2265 Hyde Park, Pennsylvania $15,214 2266 Altoona, Pennsylvania $15,213 2267 West Mahanoy Township, Pennsylvania $15,212 2268 New Albany, Pennsylvania $15,209 2269 Allegheny Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $15,204 2270 Belleville, Pennsylvania $15,202 2271 Jackson Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $15,201 2272 Jamestown, Pennsylvania $15,199 2273 Amity Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $15,186 2274 Sylvania, Pennsylvania $15,181 2275 Limestone Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $15,180 2276 Mount Pleasant Mills, Pennsylvania $15,180 2277 Blaine Township, Pennsylvania $15,167 2278 Franklin Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $15,167 2279 Newburg, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $15,166 2280 Pymatuning Township, Pennsylvania $15,164 2281 Derry Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania $15,161 2282 Numidia, Pennsylvania $15,160 2283 Kline Township, Pennsylvania $15,157 2284 Victory Township, Pennsylvania $15,156 2285 Marion Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania $15,153 2286 Corry, Pennsylvania $15,143 2287 Hiller, Pennsylvania $15,142 2288 Loyalhanna Township, Pennsylvania $15,136 2289 Spruce Hill Township, Pennsylvania $15,135 2290 Castanea, Pennsylvania $15,133 2291 East Side, Pennsylvania $15,132 2292 Jackson Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $15,131 2293 Jenks Township, Pennsylvania $15,131 2294 Middletown Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $15,129 2295 Rome, Pennsylvania $15,127 2296 Buck Township, Pennsylvania $15,123 2297 Woodland Heights, Pennsylvania $15,123 2298 Worthington, Pennsylvania $15,122 2299 Osceola Township, Pennsylvania $15,113 2300 Juniata Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $15,111 2301 Snydertown, Pennsylvania $15,107 2302 Orchard Hills, Pennsylvania $15,105 2303 Mount Oliver, Pennsylvania $15,104 2304 King Township, Pennsylvania $15,102 2305 East Carroll Township, Pennsylvania $15,100 2306 Lykens Township, Pennsylvania $15,096 2307 South New Castle, Pennsylvania $15,095 2308 Ambridge, Pennsylvania $15,089 2309 Marion Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $15,089 2310 Woodward, Pennsylvania $15,089 2311 Leroy Township, Pennsylvania $15,087 2312 Highland Township, Elk County, Pennsylvania $15,086 2313 Dunbar Township, Pennsylvania $15,083 2314 Windber, Pennsylvania $15,078 2315 Rockdale Township, Pennsylvania $15,071 2316 Bendersville, Pennsylvania $15,066 2317 Jenner Township, Pennsylvania $15,066 2318 Orwell Township, Pennsylvania $15,055 2319 Logan Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $15,051 2320 Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania $15,050 2321 Knox Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $15,040 2322 Ashland, Pennsylvania $15,036 2323 Dayton, Pennsylvania $15,036 2324 Glassport, Pennsylvania $15,035 2325 Northampton Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $15,021 2326 East Providence Township, Pennsylvania $15,015 2327 Oakland, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania $15,015 2328 South Creek Township, Pennsylvania $15,015 2329 Canton Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $15,013 2330 Summerhill, Pennsylvania $15,013 2331 Great Bend, Pennsylvania $15,009 2332 Burnside Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $15,005 2333 Portage Township, Cameron County, Pennsylvania $15,001 2334 Stoneboro, Pennsylvania $14,999 2335 Summit Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $14,996 2336 Herrick Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $14,989 2337 Herminie, Pennsylvania $14,988 2338 Sullivan Township, Pennsylvania $14,986 2339 Dudley, Pennsylvania $14,984 2340 Carmichaels, Pennsylvania $14,979 2341 Kittanning Township, Pennsylvania $14,979 2342 Washington Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $14,977 2343 Brandonville, Pennsylvania $14,973 2344 Erie, Pennsylvania $14,972 2345 Allegheny Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $14,970 2346 Greenville, Pennsylvania $14,969 2347 Addison, Pennsylvania $14,963 2348 Brooklyn Township, Pennsylvania $14,957 2349 Clearfield Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $14,952 2350 Newry, Pennsylvania $14,949 2351 Woodbury Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $14,946 2352 Union Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $14,940 2353 Osceola Mills, Pennsylvania $14,932 2354 Harmonsburg, Pennsylvania $14,930 2355 Cherry Valley, Pennsylvania $14,915 2356 Fannett Township, Pennsylvania $14,915 2357 Carbondale, Pennsylvania $14,914 2358 Beaver Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $14,913 2359 Cherryhill Township, Pennsylvania $14,910 2360 East Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania $14,909 2361 Fairview Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $14,909 2362 Whiteley Township, Pennsylvania $14,906 2363 Turbett Township, Pennsylvania $14,905 2364 Hampton, Pennsylvania $14,901 2365 Hydetown, Pennsylvania $14,891 2366 Susquehanna Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania $14,890 2367 Burrell Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $14,888 2368 West Finley Township, Pennsylvania $14,888 2369 Shickshinny, Pennsylvania $14,880 2370 Norwich Township, Pennsylvania $14,879 2371 Bradford Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $14,877 2372 Washington Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $14,870 2373 Franklin Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $14,866 2374 Lehighton, Pennsylvania $14,861 2375 West Fallowfield Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $14,860 2376 Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania $14,858 2377 Spring Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $14,858 2378 Rush Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $14,853 2379 Delano Township, Pennsylvania $14,851 2380 Portage Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $14,846 2381 Little Mahanoy Township, Pennsylvania $14,844 2382 Milford Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $14,836 2383 Timblin, Pennsylvania $14,831 2384 Wattsburg, Pennsylvania $14,830 2385 Curwensville, Pennsylvania $14,829 2386 Spring Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $14,821 2387 Washington, Pennsylvania $14,818 2388 Shippensburg, Pennsylvania $14,816 2389 Cromwell Township, Pennsylvania $14,806 2390 Springfield Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $14,804 2391 Le Raysville, Pennsylvania $14,802 2392 Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania $14,802 2393 Tuscarora Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $14,798 2394 Beaver Springs, Pennsylvania $14,796 2395 Ararat Township, Pennsylvania $14,793 2396 Scott Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania $14,793 2397 Claysville, Pennsylvania $14,785 2398 Dixonville, Pennsylvania $14,785 2399 Gilberton, Pennsylvania $14,785 2400 Pitcairn, Pennsylvania $14,785 2401 Broad Top Township, Pennsylvania $14,781 2402 Lewis Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $14,780 2403 Jeddo, Pennsylvania $14,776 2404 Donegal Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania $14,764 2405 Keating Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania $14,764 2406 Richland Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $14,764 2407 Harrison City, Pennsylvania $14,759 2408 Mahanoy Township, Pennsylvania $14,755 2409 East Uniontown, Pennsylvania $14,751 2410 South Renovo, Pennsylvania $14,751 2411 Pulaski Township, Beaver County, Pennsylvania $14,742 2412 Lebanon Township, Pennsylvania $14,741 2413 Daisytown, Pennsylvania $14,736 2414 Lewistown, Pennsylvania $14,733 2415 New Milford, Pennsylvania $14,733 2416 South Bend Township, Pennsylvania $14,728 2417 McAdoo, Pennsylvania $14,723 2418 Newtown, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $14,722 2419 Wall, Pennsylvania $14,720 2420 New Castle Township, Pennsylvania $14,716 2421 Hartleton, Pennsylvania $14,714 2422 President Township, Pennsylvania $14,713 2423 Williamsport, Pennsylvania $14,707 2424 St. Petersburg, Pennsylvania $14,703 2425 Tremont, Pennsylvania $14,698 2426 Oil Creek Township, Pennsylvania $14,696 2427 Boggs Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $14,694 2428 Paint Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $14,694 2429 Lake Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania $14,690 2430 Little Beaver Township, Pennsylvania $14,689 2431 Banks Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $14,687 2432 West Elizabeth, Pennsylvania $14,687 2433 Pittston, Pennsylvania $14,686 2434 Martinsburg, Pennsylvania $14,678 2435 Youngstown, Pennsylvania $14,677 2436 East Finley Township, Pennsylvania $14,675 2437 Brookfield Township, Pennsylvania $14,673 2438 Tarentum, Pennsylvania $14,671 2439 Ringgold Township, Pennsylvania $14,669 2440 Liberty Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $14,664 2441 Factoryville, Pennsylvania $14,660 2442 Sandy Ridge, Pennsylvania $14,657 2443 Gaskill Township, Pennsylvania $14,649 2444 Porter Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $14,647 2445 Perry Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $14,631 2446 Stoystown, Pennsylvania $14,629 2447 Parker, Pennsylvania $14,627 2448 Plumcreek Township, Pennsylvania $14,624 2449 East Vandergrift, Pennsylvania $14,611 2450 St. Clair Township, Pennsylvania $14,611 2451 Center Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $14,610 2452 Warminster Heights, Pennsylvania $14,610 2453 Clairton, Pennsylvania $14,608 2454 Venango Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $14,600 2455 Rohrsburg, Pennsylvania $14,597 2456 Seward, Pennsylvania $14,585 2457 Greenwood Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $14,584 2458 Saltsburg, Pennsylvania $14,580 2459 Plum Township, Pennsylvania $14,578 2460 Dale, Pennsylvania $14,570 2461 West Cameron Township, Pennsylvania $14,563 2462 Platea, Pennsylvania $14,555 2463 New Baltimore, Pennsylvania $14,552 2464 Worthville, Pennsylvania $14,542 2465 Plumville, Pennsylvania $14,540 2466 Freedom Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $14,539 2467 Berwick, Pennsylvania $14,538 2468 Dunkard Township, Pennsylvania $14,537 2469 Farrell, Pennsylvania $14,532 2470 Millvale, Pennsylvania $14,526 2471 Bratton Township, Pennsylvania $14,516 2472 East Wheatfield Township, Pennsylvania $14,514 2473 Athens Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $14,509 2474 Strattanville, Pennsylvania $14,506 2475 Smicksburg, Pennsylvania $14,502 2476 Greene Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania $14,500 2477 Shanksville, Pennsylvania $14,500 2478 Springfield Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $14,499 2479 Waymart, Pennsylvania $14,498 2480 Wellersburg, Pennsylvania $14,495 2481 Conneaut Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $14,493 2482 Rayburn Township, Pennsylvania $14,490 2483 Noxen Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania $14,488 2484 Warsaw Township, Pennsylvania $14,487 2485 Davidson Township, Pennsylvania $14,483 2486 McIntyre Township, Pennsylvania $14,483 2487 Georges Township, Pennsylvania $14,482 2488 Upper Mahantongo Township, Pennsylvania $14,478 2489 Elkland, Pennsylvania $14,470 2490 East Rochester, Pennsylvania $14,465 2491 Stonycreek Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $14,463 2492 Southwest Madison Township, Pennsylvania $14,457 2493 Parker Township, Pennsylvania $14,434 2494 Boggs Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $14,432 2495 Mapleton, Pennsylvania $14,431 2496 Texas Township, Pennsylvania $14,429 2497 California, Pennsylvania $14,412 2498 Gulich Township, Pennsylvania $14,405 2499 Cranesville, Pennsylvania $14,403 2500 Bart Township, Pennsylvania $14,399 2501 Juniata Terrace, Pennsylvania $14,398 2502 Sykesville, Pennsylvania $14,398 2503 West Taylor Township, Pennsylvania $14,396 2504 Mifflintown, Pennsylvania $14,394 2505 Renningers, Pennsylvania $14,391 2506 Snyder Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $14,389 2507 Eau Claire, Pennsylvania $14,383 2508 Toby Township, Pennsylvania $14,380 2509 York Springs, Pennsylvania $14,379 2510 Branchdale, Pennsylvania $14,378 2511 Conemaugh Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $14,378 2512 Paxtonville, Pennsylvania $14,376 2513 Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania $14,369 2514 Hallstead, Pennsylvania $14,362 2515 Chest Springs, Pennsylvania $14,357 2516 Deerfield Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $14,354 2517 Monroe Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $14,353 2518 Paint, Pennsylvania $14,351 2519 Putnam Township, Pennsylvania $14,349 2520 Lansford, Pennsylvania $14,347 2521 Orrstown, Pennsylvania $14,346 2522 Roulette Township, Pennsylvania $14,340 2523 Brush Valley Township, Pennsylvania $14,337 2524 Ferguson Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $14,337 2525 Saltillo, Pennsylvania $14,333 2526 Wilmerding, Pennsylvania $14,330 2527 Bellwood, Pennsylvania $14,323 2528 South Coatesville, Pennsylvania $14,321 2529 Ford City, Pennsylvania $14,318 2530 Morris Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $14,314 2531 Penn, Pennsylvania $14,312 2532 Wayne Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $14,296 2533 Cherry Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $14,288 2534 North Union Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $14,265 2535 Springboro, Pennsylvania $14,258 2536 Chester Hill, Pennsylvania $14,256 2537 Clymer, Pennsylvania $14,250 2538 Blacklick Township, Pennsylvania $14,244 2539 Summerhill Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $14,242 2540 Rural Valley, Pennsylvania $14,238 2541 Brady Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $14,237 2542 Fredonia, Pennsylvania $14,233 2543 Benson, Pennsylvania $14,232 2544 Conyngham Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $14,230 2545 West Wheatfield Township, Pennsylvania $14,228 2546 Gallitzin, Pennsylvania $14,216 2547 Granville Township, Bradford County, Pennsylvania $14,211 2548 Plymouth, Pennsylvania $14,207 2549 Republic, Pennsylvania $14,201 2550 Laceyville, Pennsylvania $14,185 2551 Union Township, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania $14,185 2552 Nanty-Glo, Pennsylvania $14,184 2553 Houtzdale, Pennsylvania $14,177 2554 Dunbar, Pennsylvania $14,176 2555 Elk Lick Township, Pennsylvania $14,176 2556 Greenfield Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania $14,168 2557 Connellsville, Pennsylvania $14,165 2558 Monroe Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $14,160 2559 Conemaugh Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $14,157 2560 Gettysburg, Pennsylvania $14,157 2561 Southampton Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $14,149 2562 Lewisburg, Pennsylvania $14,146 2563 Curtisville, Pennsylvania $14,143 2564 West Beaver Township, Pennsylvania $14,143 2565 Dean Township, Pennsylvania $14,141 2566 Upper Turkeyfoot Township, Pennsylvania $14,137 2567 Milroy, Pennsylvania $14,136 2568 Croyle Township, Pennsylvania $14,130 2569 Meyersdale, Pennsylvania $14,116 2570 Union Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $14,115 2571 Ramey, Pennsylvania $14,101 2572 Coatesville, Pennsylvania $14,079 2573 North Braddock, Pennsylvania $14,076 2574 Abbott Township, Pennsylvania $14,068 2575 Eastvale, Pennsylvania $14,063 2576 Vanderbilt, Pennsylvania $14,045 2577 North Apollo, Pennsylvania $14,025 2578 Morris Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $14,023 2579 Coaldale, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $14,021 2580 Fairchance, Pennsylvania $14,021 2581 Williamsburg, Pennsylvania $14,019 2582 Lack Township, Pennsylvania $14,016 2583 White Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $14,007 2584 Cassandra, Pennsylvania $14,004 2585 Quemahoning Township, Pennsylvania $14,002 2586 Barnett Township, Forest County, Pennsylvania $13,995 2587 Lower Tyrone Township, Pennsylvania $13,995 2588 Penn Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $13,994 2589 Plainfield, Pennsylvania $13,993 2590 Darby, Pennsylvania $13,990 2591 Juniata Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $13,990 2592 North Vandergrift-Pleasant View, Pennsylvania $13,987 2593 North Philipsburg, Pennsylvania $13,984 2594 Lucerne Mines, Pennsylvania $13,976 2595 Fox Township, Sullivan County, Pennsylvania $13,971 2596 Wayne Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $13,969 2597 Sugar Grove Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $13,963 2598 Lancaster, Pennsylvania $13,955 2599 Elco, Pennsylvania $13,951 2600 Londonderry Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $13,951 2601 Redstone Township, Pennsylvania $13,945 2602 Forksville, Pennsylvania $13,943 2603 Beccaria Township, Pennsylvania $13,941 2604 Logan Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania $13,939 2605 Ceres Township, Pennsylvania $13,934 2606 Middleport, Pennsylvania $13,931 2607 Polk Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $13,923 2608 St. Michael-Sidman, Pennsylvania $13,914 2609 Eyers Grove, Pennsylvania $13,906 2610 Mann Township, Pennsylvania $13,893 2611 Reilly Township, Pennsylvania $13,888 2612 Woodbury Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $13,885 2613 Colwyn, Pennsylvania $13,883 2614 Masontown, Pennsylvania $13,875 2615 Farmington Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $13,874 2616 Gordon, Pennsylvania $13,873 2617 Lanesboro, Pennsylvania $13,873 2618 Madison Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $13,867 2619 Elder Township, Pennsylvania $13,862 2620 McKees Rocks, Pennsylvania $13,858 2621 Bloss Township, Pennsylvania $13,857 2622 Summit Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania $13,853 2623 Sutersville, Pennsylvania $13,853 2624 Patton, Pennsylvania $13,851 2625 Lincoln Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $13,847 2626 Mahoning Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $13,833 2627 Coal Center, Pennsylvania $13,827 2628 Parks Township, Pennsylvania $13,818 2629 West Alexander, Pennsylvania $13,815 2630 Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania $13,808 2631 Sligo, Pennsylvania $13,807 2632 Brisbin, Pennsylvania $13,805 2633 Perry Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $13,795 2634 Kittanning, Pennsylvania $13,787 2635 Weissport, Pennsylvania $13,785 2636 Clarendon, Pennsylvania $13,774 2637 Montgomery, Pennsylvania $13,763 2638 Redbank Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $13,762 2639 Shippingport, Pennsylvania $13,759 2640 Glen Lyon, Pennsylvania $13,753 2641 Charleroi, Pennsylvania $13,752 2642 Corsica, Pennsylvania $13,752 2643 Wells Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania $13,746 2644 Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania $13,738 2645 Rebersburg, Pennsylvania $13,737 2646 Girardville, Pennsylvania $13,735 2647 Todd Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $13,734 2648 New Castle, Pennsylvania $13,730 2649 Sankertown, Pennsylvania $13,728 2650 Overton Township, Pennsylvania $13,727 2651 Karthaus Township, Pennsylvania $13,723 2652 Clarksville, Pennsylvania $13,720 2653 Uniontown, Pennsylvania $13,720 2654 Aliquippa, Pennsylvania $13,718 2655 Keating Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania $13,716 2656 Grant Township, Pennsylvania $13,697 2657 Armagh Township, Pennsylvania $13,692 2658 Plymptonville, Pennsylvania $13,691 2659 Rockwood, Pennsylvania $13,687 2660 Callensburg, Pennsylvania $13,654 2661 Susquehanna Depot, Pennsylvania $13,654 2662 New Galilee, Pennsylvania $13,649 2663 Jackson Township, Venango County, Pennsylvania $13,644 2664 Brush Creek Township, Pennsylvania $13,643 2665 Cassville, Pennsylvania $13,628 2666 Smithfield, Pennsylvania $13,618 2667 Creekside, Pennsylvania $13,603 2668 Cowanshannock Township, Pennsylvania $13,598 2669 Reynoldsville, Pennsylvania $13,592 2670 Reedsville, Pennsylvania $13,591 2671 Shirleysburg, Pennsylvania $13,586 2672 Gray Township, Pennsylvania $13,584 2673 Nicholson Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $13,568 2674 Bolivar, Pennsylvania $13,551 2675 Shippen Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $13,544 2676 Casselman, Pennsylvania $13,543 2677 Slippery Rock, Pennsylvania $13,538 2678 Canton, Pennsylvania $13,537 2679 Manns Choice, Pennsylvania $13,533 2680 Morris Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $13,519 2681 Wood Township, Pennsylvania $13,512 2682 Oliver, Pennsylvania $13,509 2683 New Salem-Buffington, Pennsylvania $13,508 2684 Westfield Township, Pennsylvania $13,506 2685 Troy Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $13,505 2686 Black Township, Pennsylvania $13,504 2687 Shade Township, Pennsylvania $13,497 2688 Brownstown, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $13,494 2689 New Ringgold, Pennsylvania $13,492 2690 Beaverdale-Lloydell, Pennsylvania $13,477 2691 New Brighton, Pennsylvania $13,475 2692 Edwardsville, Pennsylvania $13,464 2693 Washington Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $13,464 2694 East Waterford, Pennsylvania $13,456 2695 New Florence, Pennsylvania $13,449 2696 Barr Township, Pennsylvania $13,444 2697 Bingham Township, Pennsylvania $13,441 2698 West St. Clair Township, Pennsylvania $13,440 2699 Upper Tyrone Township, Pennsylvania $13,439 2700 York, Pennsylvania $13,439 2701 Hastings, Pennsylvania $13,429 2702 Fredericktown-Millsboro, Pennsylvania $13,425 2703 Mount Union, Pennsylvania $13,419 2704 Apollo, Pennsylvania $13,415 2705 Meshoppen, Pennsylvania $13,408 2706 Brownsville, Pennsylvania $13,404 2707 Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania $13,401 2708 Knox Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $13,394 2709 East Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania $13,391 2710 Upper Mahanoy Township, Pennsylvania $13,387 2711 Lewis Township, Union County, Pennsylvania $13,385 2712 Oakland, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania $13,363 2713 Sunbury, Pennsylvania $13,350 2714 Aleppo Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $13,346 2715 New Vernon Township, Pennsylvania $13,325 2716 Glen Hope, Pennsylvania $13,321 2717 Aristes, Pennsylvania $13,302 2718 Larimer Township, Pennsylvania $13,301 2719 Point Marion, Pennsylvania $13,300 2720 Hooversville, Pennsylvania $13,298 2721 South Fork, Pennsylvania $13,298 2722 Brady Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $13,292 2723 Rouseville, Pennsylvania $13,286 2724 New Paris, Pennsylvania $13,279 2725 Claysburg, Pennsylvania $13,277 2726 Central City, Pennsylvania $13,263 2727 Oswayo Township, Pennsylvania $13,263 2728 Shinglehouse, Pennsylvania $13,253 2729 Hamilton Township, Tioga County, Pennsylvania $13,251 2730 McKeesport, Pennsylvania $13,242 2731 Center Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $13,240 2732 Johnstown, Pennsylvania $13,236 2733 Washington Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $13,218 2734 South Mahoning Township, Pennsylvania $13,191 2735 Miles Township, Pennsylvania $13,180 2736 West Carroll Township, Pennsylvania $13,177 2737 Summerhill Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $13,176 2738 East Mahoning Township, Pennsylvania $13,168 2739 Hawthorn, Pennsylvania $13,146 2740 Chapman Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania $13,140 2741 Bruin, Pennsylvania $13,136 2742 Braddock, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania $13,135 2743 Marshallton, Pennsylvania $13,135 2744 Westfield, Pennsylvania $13,135 2745 Eldred Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania $13,132 2746 Northern Cambria, Pennsylvania $13,129 2747 Freehold Township, Pennsylvania $13,103 2748 Black Lick, Pennsylvania $13,100 2749 Galeton, Pennsylvania $13,095 2750 Steuben Township, Pennsylvania $13,089 2751 Fairhope Township, Pennsylvania $13,087 2752 Reading, Pennsylvania $13,086 2753 Northeast Madison Township, Pennsylvania $13,083 2754 Franklin Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $13,066 2755 Woodward Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $13,062 2756 Fayette City, Pennsylvania $13,058 2757 Chester, Pennsylvania $13,052 2758 East Keating Township, Pennsylvania $13,047 2759 Tunnelhill, Pennsylvania $13,042 2760 Jerome, Pennsylvania $13,033 2761 East Bethlehem Township, Pennsylvania $13,024 2762 Briar Creek, Pennsylvania $13,009 2763 Armenia Township, Pennsylvania $13,005 2764 Salisbury, Pennsylvania $12,973 2765 Polk, Pennsylvania $12,963 2766 Union Dale, Pennsylvania $12,960 2767 Everson, Pennsylvania $12,928 2768 Belle Vernon, Pennsylvania $12,919 2769 Gregg Township, Union County, Pennsylvania $12,916 2770 Allegheny Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $12,911 2771 Susquehanna Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania $12,878 2772 Cambridge Springs, Pennsylvania $12,863 2773 Centerville, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $12,860 2774 Leacock Township, Pennsylvania $12,848 2775 Mifflin, Pennsylvania $12,843 2776 Benton, Columbia County, Pennsylvania $12,831 2777 Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania $12,819 2778 Lower Turkeyfoot Township, Pennsylvania $12,812 2779 Porter Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $12,800 2780 Broad Top City, Pennsylvania $12,788 2781 Frailey Township, Pennsylvania $12,780 2782 Frankfort Springs, Pennsylvania $12,776 2783 Canoe Township, Pennsylvania $12,773 2784 Dawson, Pennsylvania $12,753 2785 New Wilmington, Pennsylvania $12,749 2786 Beaver Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $12,747 2787 Henderson Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $12,716 2788 Homestead, Pennsylvania $12,690 2789 Harrisville, Pennsylvania $12,683 2790 Donegal, Pennsylvania $12,656 2791 Jackson Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $12,653 2792 Curtin Township, Pennsylvania $12,649 2793 Clinton Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania $12,646 2794 Hyde, Pennsylvania $12,645 2795 West Sunbury, Pennsylvania $12,643 2796 Ashville, Pennsylvania $12,640 2797 East Conemaugh, Pennsylvania $12,636 2798 Chapman Township, Snyder County, Pennsylvania $12,632 2799 Springfield Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $12,608 2800 Jordan Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $12,600 2801 Union City, Pennsylvania $12,599 2802 Madison Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $12,583 2803 Cresson Township, Pennsylvania $12,575 2804 Shenandoah, Pennsylvania $12,562 2805 Harrison Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania $12,550 2806 Rimersburg, Pennsylvania $12,549 2807 Sheppton, Pennsylvania $12,547 2808 Mill Village, Pennsylvania $12,529 2809 Green Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $12,524 2810 Monument, Pennsylvania $12,501 2811 Henry Clay Township, Pennsylvania $12,491 2812 Heilwood, Pennsylvania $12,487 2813 Grindstone-Rowes Run, Pennsylvania $12,486 2814 Donaldson, Pennsylvania $12,455 2815 Bigler Township, Pennsylvania $12,434 2816 Pine Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $12,404 2817 Redbank Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania $12,384 2818 North Mahoning Township, Pennsylvania $12,365 2819 Big Run, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania $12,363 2820 Port Trevorton, Pennsylvania $12,363 2821 Springhill Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania $12,360 2822 Shamokin, Pennsylvania $12,354 2823 Troxelville, Pennsylvania $12,333 2824 Indiana, Pennsylvania $12,317 2825 Markleysburg, Pennsylvania $12,312 2826 Julian, Pennsylvania $12,307 2827 Kingsley Township, Pennsylvania $12,307 2828 Clymer Township, Pennsylvania $12,280 2829 Klingerstown, Pennsylvania $12,276 2830 Modena, Pennsylvania $12,269 2831 Goshen Township, Pennsylvania $12,255 2832 Stewardson Township, Pennsylvania $12,235 2833 Colver, Pennsylvania $12,219 2834 Austin, Pennsylvania $12,210 2835 Edinboro, Pennsylvania $12,209 2836 Hartstown, Pennsylvania $12,199 2837 State College, Pennsylvania $12,155 2838 Altamont, Pennsylvania $12,151 2839 Confluence, Pennsylvania $12,129 2840 Grampian, Pennsylvania $12,127 2841 Scalp Level, Pennsylvania $12,108 2842 Bell Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $12,090 2843 Wilmore, Pennsylvania $12,075 2844 Duquesne, Pennsylvania $12,067 2845 Marion Center, Pennsylvania $12,048 2846 Glen Campbell, Pennsylvania $12,039 2847 Boswell, Pennsylvania $12,036 2848 Rome Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $12,035 2849 Atwood, Pennsylvania $12,026 2850 Oswayo, Pennsylvania $12,018 2851 Montgomery Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania $12,015 2852 Guys Mills, Pennsylvania $11,978 2853 Lock Haven, Pennsylvania $11,948 2854 Rossiter, Pennsylvania $11,931 2855 Marianna, Pennsylvania $11,925 2856 Thompson, Pennsylvania $11,896 2857 Gibson Township, Cameron County, Pennsylvania $11,888 2858 Harmony Township, Forest County, Pennsylvania $11,831 2859 Ursina, Pennsylvania $11,814 2860 Irvona, Pennsylvania $11,785 2861 Cherry Tree, Pennsylvania $11,742 2862 Freeport Township, Pennsylvania $11,731 2863 Renovo, Pennsylvania $11,709 2864 Vintondale, Pennsylvania $11,689 2865 Roseville, Pennsylvania $11,683 2866 York Haven, Pennsylvania $11,676 2867 Brothersvalley Township, Pennsylvania $11,611 2868 Ulysses, Pennsylvania $11,602 2869 Newton Hamilton, Pennsylvania $11,584 2870 Wallaceton, Pennsylvania $11,571 2871 St. Clairsville, Pennsylvania $11,542 2872 Foster Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania $11,538 2873 Nemacolin, Pennsylvania $11,501 2874 Millstone Township, Pennsylvania $11,462 2875 Alba, Pennsylvania $11,453 2876 Rainsburg, Pennsylvania $11,448 2877 East Fork, Pennsylvania $11,447 2878 Greenville Township, Pennsylvania $11,445 2879 Hopewell, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $11,438 2880 Utica, Pennsylvania $11,435 2881 Hector Township, Pennsylvania $11,408 2882 Buck Run, Pennsylvania $11,397 2883 Kistler, Pennsylvania $11,365 2884 Mahaffey, Pennsylvania $11,320 2885 Pleasantville, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $11,312 2886 East Fallowfield Township, Crawford County, Pennsylvania $11,233 2887 Mill Creek, Pennsylvania $11,177 2888 Slippery Rock Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania $11,129 2889 Findley Township, Pennsylvania $11,052 2890 Mansfield, Pennsylvania $11,042 2891 Ehrenfeld, Pennsylvania $11,037 2892 Penns Creek, Pennsylvania $11,029 2893 Sparta Township, Pennsylvania $10,998 2894 Reade Township, Pennsylvania $10,989 2895 Colley Township, Pennsylvania $10,979 2896 Ernest, Pennsylvania $10,951 2897 Garrett, Pennsylvania $10,935 2898 Westover, Pennsylvania $10,866 2899 Clarion, Pennsylvania $10,832 2900 Grapeville, Pennsylvania $10,824 2901 Chest Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania $10,760 2902 Lincolnville, Pennsylvania $10,659 2903 McNett Township, Pennsylvania $10,556 2904 Springhill Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania $10,364 2905 Bear Lake, Pennsylvania $10,329 2906 Menno Township, Pennsylvania $10,303 2907 Ohiopyle, Pennsylvania $10,247 2908 Coaldale, Bedford County, Pennsylvania $10,072 2909 Burnside, Pennsylvania $9,993 2910 Rankin, Pennsylvania $9,946 2911 Locustdale, Pennsylvania $9,945 2912 Lafayette Township, Pennsylvania $9,699 2913 Brady Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania $9,624 2914 Shade Gap, Pennsylvania $9,557 2915 Commodore, Pennsylvania $9,502 2916 New Washington, Pennsylvania $9,121 2917 Cold Spring Township, Pennsylvania $8,792 2918 Shippensburg Township, Pennsylvania $8,712 2919 Smithfield Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania $8,109 2920 Conneaut Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania $7,971 2921 Loretto, Pennsylvania $7,125 2922 West Mahoning Township, Pennsylvania $6,907 2923 Atlantic, Pennsylvania $6,534 2924 Howe Township, Forest County, Pennsylvania $5,223", "County Route 537 (New Jersey) __knowledge__ County Route 537, abbreviated CR 537, is a county highway in the U.S. state of New Jersey.", "County Route 537 (New Jersey) __knowledge__ The highway extends from Delaware Avenue (CR 737) in Camden to CR 11 in Oceanport.", "County Route 537 (New Jersey) __knowledge__ It is the state's fourth longest 500 series county route.", "County Route 537 (New Jersey) __knowledge__ CR 537 begins at an intersection with CR 737 in the downtown area of Camden in Camden County, heading east on four-lane undivided Federal Street.", "County Route 537 (New Jersey) __knowledge__ West of this intersection, Federal Street continues to the Camden Waterfront on the Delaware River.", "County Route 537 (New Jersey) __knowledge__ The road runs east passing a few parking lots, turning into a one-way eastbound street at 3rd Street.", "County Route 537 (New Jersey) __knowledge__ CR 537 Spur (Market Street) to the north is one-way westbound, serving as the westbound direction of CR 537 through downtown Camden.", "List of state highways in Maryland shorter than one mile (2–699) __knowledge__ The following is a list of state highways in Maryland shorter than one mile (1.6 km) in length with route numbers between 2 and 699.", "List of state highways in Maryland shorter than one mile (2–699) __knowledge__ Most of these highways act as service roads, old alignments of more prominent highways, or connectors between one or more highways.", "List of state highways in Maryland shorter than one mile (2–699) __knowledge__ Many of these highways are unsigned and have multiple segments with the same number.", "List of state highways in Maryland shorter than one mile (2–699) __knowledge__ Several of these highways have their own articles; those highways are summarized here and a link is provided to the main article.", "List of state highways in Maryland shorter than one mile (2–699) __knowledge__ This list does not include highways where at least one highway of that number is at least one mile in length.", "List of state highways in Maryland shorter than one mile (2–699) __knowledge__ All highways at least one mile in length have their own article.", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Florida has the eighteenth highest per capita income in the United States of America, at $21,557 (2000).", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Its personal per capita income is $30,446 (2003).", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ Florida counties ranked by per capita income from 2006-2010 data.", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ This list contains incorporated cities, towns, and villages, as well as census-designated places.", "List of Florida locations by per capita income __knowledge__ 1 Fisher Island, Florida $236,238 2 Jupiter Island, Florida $200,087 3 Golf, Florida $144,956 4 Manalapan, Florida $143,729 5 Indian Creek, Florida $137,382 6 Orchid, Florida $135,870 7 Gulf Stream, Florida $133,651 8 Palm Beach, Florida $109,219 9 Indian River Shores, Florida $102,511 10 South Beach, Florida $90,938 11 Pelican Bay, Florida $89,063 12 Oak Point, Florida $86,225 13 North Key Largo, Florida $83,199 14 Longboat Key, Florida $80,963 15 Windsor, Florida $79,269 16 Captiva, Florida $76,139 17 Ocean Ridge, Florida $76,088 18 Golden Beach, Florida $73,053 19 Bal Harbour, Florida $67,680 20 Highland Beach, Florida $67,288 21 Sanibel, Florida $66,912 22 Boca Pointe, Florida $66,797 23 Jupiter Inlet Colony, Florida $66,713 24 Sawgrass, Florida $64,798 25 Belleair Beach, Florida $61,569 26 Naples, Florida $61,141 27 Sea Ranch Lakes, Florida $60,088 28 Heathrow, Florida $59,905 29 Belleair, Florida $59,164 30 Hillsboro Beach, Florida $56,634 31 Vineyards, Florida $55,470 32 Sewall's Point, Florida $55,121 33 Key Biscayne, Florida $54,213 34 Black Diamond, Florida $53,621 35 Siesta Key, Florida $53,290 36 Windermere, Florida $51,370 37 Pinecrest, Florida $51,181 37 Juno Beach, Florida $50,344 38 Osprey, Florida $49,862 39 Feather Sound, Florida $49,717 40 Lake Butler, Orange County, Florida $49,696 41 Wabasso Beach, Florida $48,690 42 Tierra Verde, Florida $48,259 43 Atlantis, Florida $47,614 44 Bay Hill, Florida $46,744 45 Coral Gables, Florida $46,163 46 Burnt Store Marina, Florida $46,050 47 Boca Raton, Florida $45,628 48 McGregor, Florida $45,240 49 South Sarasota, Florida $45,217 50 Weston, Florida $44,736 50 Lake Hart, Florida $44,665 51 Hypoluxo, Florida $43,960 52 Pine Ridge, Collier County, Florida $43,362 53 Cutler, Florida $42,986 54 Palm Beach Gardens, Florida $42,975 55 Marco Island, Florida $42,875 56 Palm Valley, Florida $42,747 57 Parkland, Florida $41,896 58 Indialantic, Florida $41,126 59 Aventura, Florida $41,092 60 Terra Mar, Florida $40,923 61 Lighthouse Point, Florida $40,839 62 Manasota Key, Florida $40,759 63 Key Colony Beach, Florida $40,631 64 Palm Beach Shores, Florida $40,612 65 Indian Rocks Beach, Florida $40,195 66 North Redington Beach, Florida $40,066 67 Indian Shores, Florida $40,002 68 Sunshine Ranches, Florida $40,001 69 North Palm Beach, Florida $39,564 70 Celebration, Florida $39,521 71 Royal Palm Ranches, Florida $39,274 72 Harbor Bluffs, Florida $39,261 73 Punta Rassa, Florida $39,048 74 Gateway, Florida $38,986 75 The Meadows, Florida $38,826 76 Winter Park, Florida $38,791 77 South Palm Beach, Florida $38,456 78 Surfside, Florida $38,375 79 Redington Beach, Florida $38,265 80 Bonita Springs, Florida $37,958 81 Westchase, Florida $37,630 82 Hutchinson Island South, Florida $37,575 83 Maitland, Florida $37,290 84 Daytona Beach Shores, Florida $37,010 85 Rolling Oaks, Florida $37,008 86 Boca Del Mar, Florida $36,983 87 Ponce Inlet, Florida $36,518 88 East Lake, Florida $36,206 89 Wekiva Springs, Florida $36,196 90 Country Estates, Florida $36,117 91 St. Pete Beach, Florida $35,514 93 Briny Breezes, Florida $35,338 94 Palm City, Florida $35,213 95 Winter Beach, Florida $35,169 96 Keystone, Florida $35,136 97 Jupiter, Florida $35,088 98 Tequesta, Florida $34,974 99 Treasure Island, Florida $34,965 100 Mission Bay, Florida $34,913 101 Timber Pines, Florida $34,900 102 Fort Myers Beach, Florida $34,703 103 Gulf Breeze, Florida $34,688 104 Vilano Beach, Florida $34,635 105 Lauderdale-by-the-Sea, Florida $34,216 106 Iona, Florida $33,937 107 Plantation, Sarasota County, Florida $33,629 108 Lely Resort, Florida $33,536 109 Edgewood, Florida $33,452 110 Lazy Lake, Florida $33,423 111 Green Meadow, Florida $33,350 112 Samsula-Spruce Creek, Florida $33,084 113 Dunes Road, Florida $33,019 114 Hillsboro Pines, Florida $32,908 115 Gotha, Florida $32,734 116 Punta Gorda, Florida $32,460 117 Cheval, Florida $32,444 118 Lely, Florida $32,430 119 Crescent Beach, Florida $32,279 120 Vamo, Florida $32,068 121 Destin, Florida $32,048 122 Redington Shores, Florida $31,822 123 Lake Clarke Shores, Florida $31,526 124 Melbourne Beach, Florida $31,489 125 Wesley Chapel South, Florida $31,399 126 Holmes Beach, Florida $31,345 127 Belleair Bluffs, Florida $31,329 128 Doctor Phillips, Florida $31,197 129 Butler Beach, Florida $31,193 130 Trinity, Florida $31,187 131 Lakeland Highlands, Florida $31,122 132 Lake Mary, Florida $31,094 133 Vero Beach, Florida $30,940 134 Lochmoor Waterway Estates, Florida $30,763 135 Wellington, Florida $30,726 136 Neptune Beach, Florida $30,525 137 Estero, Florida $30,521 138 Laurel, Florida $30,485 139 Fruit Cove, Florida $30,462 140 Madeira Beach, Florida $30,097 141 Highland Park, Florida $30,097 142 Indian Harbour Beach, Florida $29,986 143 Islamorada, Florida $29,519 144 Miramar Beach, Florida $29,493 145 Delray Beach, Florida $29,350 146 Whiskey Creek, Florida $29,304 147 Bay Harbor Islands, Florida $29,261 148 Shalimar, Florida $29,261 149 Hunter's Creek, Florida $29,170 150 Greater Carrollwood, Florida $29,107 151 Belle Isle, Florida $29,087 152 Duck Key, Florida $29,007 153 Cocoa Beach, Florida $28,968 154 Miami Lakes, Florida $28,867 155 Anna Maria, Florida $28,767 156 Safety Harbor, Florida $28,632 157 Atlantic Beach, Florida $28,618 158 Desoto Lakes, Florida $28,616 159 Apollo Beach, Florida $28,583 160 Pineland, Florida $28,556 161 North River Shores, Florida $28,449 162 Lutz, Florida $28,446 163 The Villages, Florida $28,343 164 Pebble Creek, Florida $28,319 165 Plantation, Broward County, Florida $28,250 166 Greater Sun Center, Florida $28,222 167 Venice, Florida $28,220 168 Kendall, Florida $27,914 169 St. Augustine Beach, Florida $27,905 170 Miami Beach, Florida $27,853 171 Fort Lauderdale, Florida $27,798 172 Fort Lauderdale, Florida $27,798 173 Melbourne Village, Florida $27,782 174 Doral, Florida $27,705 175 Cypress Lakes, Florida $27,687 176 Rio, Florida $27,674 177 Bokeelia, Florida $27,613 178 Sunny Isles Beach, Florida $27,576 179 Cooper City, Florida $27,474 180 Glenvar Heights, Florida $27,473 181 Jacksonville Beach, Florida $27,467 182 West Bradenton, Florida $27,262 183 Silver Lake, Florida $27,258 184 Satellite Beach, Florida $27,181 185 Cudjoe Key, Florida $27,085 186 Sunshine Acres, Florida $27,074 187 Hillsboro Ranches, Florida $27,060 188 Islandia, Florida $27,000 189 Pretty Bayou, Florida $26,930 190 Panama City Beach, Florida $26,734 191 Bay Lake, Florida $26,731 192 Bee Ridge, Florida $26,716 193 Lake Magdalene, Florida $26,685 194 Bloomingdale, Florida $26,552 195 FishHawk, Florida $26,540 196 Temple Terrace, Florida $26,515 197 Cortez, Florida $26,476 198 Palm Harbor, Florida $26,470 199 South Pasadena, Florida $26,420 200 Asbury Lake, Florida $26,398 201 Ormond Beach, Florida $26,364 202 Key West, Florida $26,316 203 St. James City, Florida $26,250 204 Winter Springs, Florida $26,166 205 Miami Shores, Florida $26,134 206 Whisper Walk, Florida $26,098 207 Williamsburg, Florida $26,096 208 Wesley Chapel, Florida $25,897 209 Villas, Florida $25,880 210 Crystal River, Florida $25,866 211 Hernando Beach, Florida $25,856 212 Lake Buena Vista, Florida $25,769 213 Citrus Hills, Florida $25,753 214 St. Lucie Village, Florida $25,651 215 Coconut Creek, Florida $25,590 216 Greater Northdale, Florida $25,579 217 Pine Island Ridge, Florida $25,533 218 Key Largo, Florida $25,441 219 Whitfield, Florida $25,408 220 Ojus, Florida $25,392 221 Cypress Gardens, Florida $25,366 222 Coral Springs, Florida $25,282 223 South Gate Ridge, Florida $25,047 224 Fruitville, Florida $25,010 225 Upper Grand Lagoon, Florida $24,996 226 Port Salerno, Florida $24,948 227 Hamptons at Boca Raton, Florida $24,831 228 West Vero Corridor, Florida $24,619 229 Flagler Beach, Florida $24,600 230 Palm Aire, Florida $24,557 232 Fernandina Beach, Florida $24,517 233 Haverhill, Florida $24,503 234 Villages of Oriole, Florida $24,496 235 Forest City, Florida $24,464 236 Wedgefield, Florida $24,448 237 Matlacha, Florida $24,371 238 Alva, Florida $24,353 239 Cloud Lake, Florida $24,311 240 Ivanhoe Estates, Florida $24,218 241 Gulf Gate Estates, Florida $24,199 242 Southgate, Florida $24,148 243 June Park, Florida $24,147 244 Sugarmill Woods, Florida $24,087 245 Orange Park, Florida $24,087 246 Big Coppitt Key, Florida $24,022 247 West Melbourne, Florida $24,006 248 Three Oaks, Florida $23,997 249 Merritt Island, Florida $23,961 250 Pompano Beach, Florida $23,938 251 Penney Farms, Florida $23,929 252 Pembroke Park, Florida $23,843 253 Pembroke Pines, Florida $23,843 254 Oviedo, Florida $23,831 255 Layton, Florida $23,773 256 The Crossings, Florida $23,762 257 Sunset, Florida $23,735 258 Gandy, Florida $23,660 259 New Smyrna Beach, Florida $23,547 260 Conway, Florida $23,538 261 Cape Canaveral, Florida $23,537 262 Englewood, Florida $23,462 263 Dunedin, Florida $23,460 264 Ocean City, Florida $23,418 265 Riverview, Hillsborough County, Florida $23,302 266 Deerfield Beach, Florida $23,296 267 DeBary, Florida $23,283 268 Howey-in-the-Hills, Florida $23,273 269 Davie, Florida $23,271 270 Fern Park, Florida $23,261 271 Sandalfoot Cove, Florida $23,252 272 Land O' Lakes, Florida $23,230 273 Altamonte Springs, Florida $23,216 274 Warm Mineral Springs, Florida $23,213 275 Sarasota, Florida $23,197 276 West Palm Beach, Florida $23,188 277 Big Pine Key, Florida $23,169 278 East Perrine, Florida $23,165 279 Miami Springs, Florida $22,963 280 Biscayne Park, Florida $22,923 281 Jensen Beach, Florida $22,921 282 South Patrick Shores, Florida $22,904 283 Marathon, Florida $22,894 284 Goodland, Florida $22,893 285 Mexico Beach, Florida $22,871 286 Oakland, Florida $22,857 287 Bradenton Beach, Florida $22,850 288 Three Lakes, Florida $22,832 289 Gulfport, Florida $22,801 290 Cypress Lake, Florida $22,799 291 Clearwater, Florida $22,786 292 Geneva, Florida $22,776 293 Yankeetown, Florida $22,774 294 Lake Lorraine, Florida $22,695 295 Zellwood, Florida $22,683 296 Pine Ridge, Citrus County, Florida $22,608 297 Tavernier, Florida $22,592 298 Boynton Beach, Florida $22,573 299 Cedar Key, Florida $22,568 300 Mount Dora, Florida $22,550 301 Harbour Heights, Florida $22,547 302 Ormond-By-The-Sea, Florida $22,503 303 Malabar, Florida $22,502 304 Mary Esther, Florida $22,488 305 Hallandale Beach, Florida $22,464 306 Charlotte Park, Florida $22,434 307 Sarasota Springs, Florida $22,427 308 Cinco Bayou, Florida $22,425 309 Palm Shores, Florida $22,390 310 Godfrey Road, Florida $22,319 311 Lakeside Green, Florida $22,303 312 Tamarac, Florida $22,243 313 Port St. Lucie-River Park, Florida $22,217 314 Charlotte Harbor, Florida $22,211 315 North Weeki Wachee, Florida $22,186 316 Ferry Pass, Florida $22,165 317 Citrus Park, Florida $22,162 318 Matlacha Isles-Matlacha Shores, Florida $22,116 319 Hollywood, Florida $22,097 320 Brandon, Florida $22,080 321 Nokomis, Florida $22,077 322 Kensington Park, Florida $21,990 323 Tampa, Florida $21,953 324 Kings Point, Florida $21,893 325 St. Augustine South, Florida $21,883 326 Royal Palm Beach, Florida $21,875 327 Glen Ridge, Florida $21,871 328 Glencoe, Florida $21,816 329 Wilton Manors, Florida $21,770 330 Longwood, Florida $21,714 331 Oldsmar, Florida $21,671 332 Tangerine, Florida $21,670 333 Vero Beach South, Florida $21,604 334 Hobe Sound, Florida $21,603 335 Grove City, Florida $21,602 336 Plantation Island, Florida $21,581 337 Odessa, Florida $21,548 338 Tarpon Springs, Florida $21,504 339 Palm Coast, Florida $21,490 340 Cleveland, Florida $21,468 341 Medulla, Florida $21,459 342 Venice Gardens, Florida $21,440 343 Pensacola, Florida $21,438 344 Rotonda, Florida $21,437 345 Weeki Wachee Gardens, Florida $21,423 346 Town 'n' Country, Florida $21,346 347 Lady Lake, Florida $21,337 348 Leisureville, Florida $21,334 349 High Point, Palm Beach County, Florida $21,270 350 Gonzalez, Florida $21,268 351 St. Augustine, Florida $21,225 352 Orlando, Florida $21,216 353 Lantana, Florida $21,204 354 Lake Sarasota, Florida $21,199 355 Naples Park, Florida $21,150 356 Stuart, Florida $21,139 357 Virginia Gardens, Florida $21,139 358 Homosassa, Florida $21,135 359 St. Petersburg, Florida $21,107 360 Clermont, Florida $21,099 361 Bellair-Meadowbrook Terrace, Florida $21,095 362 Fort Walton Beach, Florida $21,085 363 Boyette, Florida $21,057 364 Cape Coral, Florida $21,021 365 North Bay Village, Florida $21,017 366 Seminole, Florida $20,951 367 Fort Myers Shores, Florida $20,927 368 Estates of Fort Lauderdale, Florida $20,901 369 Ocoee, Florida $20,896 370 North Fort Myers, Florida $20,866 371 Largo, Florida $20,848 372 White City, Florida $20,818 373 Hillcrest Heights, Florida $20,802 374 Dania Beach, Florida $20,795 375 Lakeside, Florida $20,785 376 Holden Heights, Florida $20,761 377 Country Walk, Florida $20,736 378 Minneola, Florida $20,721 379 Port Richey, Florida $20,711 380 Lakes by the Bay, Florida $20,708 381 Rockledge, Florida $20,700 382 Micco, Florida $20,649 383 Port Orange, Florida $20,628 384 Lecanto, Florida $20,625 385 Village Park, Florida $20,623 386 McIntosh, Florida $20,617 387 Orangetree, Florida $20,616 388 Four Corners, Florida $20,565 389 Everglades City, Florida $20,535 390 Montverde, Florida $20,504 391 Micanopy, Florida $20,433 392 Lower Grand Lagoon, Florida $20,433 393 Valrico, Florida $20,432 394 Palm Springs North, Florida $20,383 395 Winter Haven, Florida $20,383 396 St. Augustine Shores, Florida $20,374 397 Jacksonville, Florida $20,337 398 Lynn Haven, Florida $20,330 399 Margate, Florida $20,308 400 San Antonio, Florida $20,287 401 Juno Ridge, Florida $20,270 402 Ramblewood East, Florida $20,266 403 Niceville, Florida $20,175 404 Bradenton, Florida $20,133 405 Ridge Wood Heights, Florida $20,095 406 Bay Pines, Florida $20,041 407 Southchase, Florida $20,028 408 Tavares, Florida $19,942 409 Valparaiso, Florida $19,934 410 Zephyrhills West, Florida $19,921 411 Fairview Shores, Florida $19,918 412 Woodville, Florida $19,915 413 Gifford, Florida $19,910 414 Seffner, Florida $19,888 415 Riviera Beach, Florida $19,847 416 Goldenrod, Florida $19,830 417 Olga, Florida $19,826 418 Ocean Breeze, Florida $19,802 419 Lakeland, Florida $19,760 420 Yalaha, Florida $19,734 421 Riverland Village, Florida $19,694 422 Florida Ridge, Florida $19,671 423 Pine Island Center, Florida $19,632 424 Casselberry, Florida $19,626 425 Kenneth City, Florida $19,498 426 West DeLand, Florida $19,496 427 Beverly Beach, Florida $19,488 428 Bartow, Florida $19,487 429 Hudson, Florida $19,476 430 Inverness Highlands South, Florida $19,362 431 Greenacres, Florida $19,298 432 Twin Lakes, Florida $19,284 433 Apopka, Florida $19,189 434 Melbourne, Florida $19,175 435 Keystone Heights, Florida $19,157 436 Ives Estates, Florida $19,118 437 Sebastian, Florida $19,111 438 Buckingham, Florida $19,103 439 Union Park, Florida $19,087 440 High Point, Hernando County, Florida $19,051 441 Lakewood Park, Florida $19,041 442 San Carlos Park, Florida $19,022 443 Tallahassee, Florida $18,981 444 The Hammocks, Florida $18,962 445 Century Village, Florida $18,920 446 Titusville, Florida $18,901 447 Oakland Park, Florida $18,873 448 Plant City, Florida $18,815 449 South Venice, Florida $18,787 450 Palm Springs, Florida $18,763 451 Crooked Lake Park, Florida $18,731 452 Ridge Manor, Florida $18,722 453 Campbell, Florida $18,721 454 Sunrise, Florida $18,713 455 Eustis, Florida $18,706 456 Pinellas Park, Florida $18,701 457 Parker, Florida $18,660 458 Ravenswood Estates, Florida $18,653 459 Canal Point, Florida $18,625 460 Port Charlotte, Florida $18,563 461 Cutler Bay, Florida $18,559 462 Wabasso, Florida $18,557 463 Ellenton, Florida $18,547 464 Richmond West, Florida $18,544 465 Havana, Florida $18,481 466 East Palatka, Florida $18,478 467 Miramar, Florida $18,462 468 Crystal Springs, Florida $18,346 469 Alachua, Florida $18,299 470 Placid Lakes, Florida $18,287 471 Myrtle Grove, Florida $18,268 472 Belleview, Florida $18,241 473 Royal Palm Estates, Florida $18,231 474 Lake Park, Florida $18,212 475 Laguna Beach, Florida $18,209 476 Ferndale, Florida $18,206 477 Olympia Heights, Florida $18,198 478 Thonotosassa, Florida $18,191 479 Bellview, Florida $18,173 480 Bayshore Gardens, Florida $18,150 481 Lake Panasoffkee, Florida $18,149 482 Spring Lake, Florida $18,129 483 Brookridge, Florida $18,122 484 Roseland, Florida $18,084 485 Winter Garden, Florida $18,082 486 Port St. Lucie, Florida $18,059 487 Zephyrhills, Florida $18,047 488 Ocala, Florida $18,021 489 Lake Alfred, Florida $18,008 490 Country Club, Florida $17,999 491 Fussels Corner, Florida $17,998 492 Hiland Park, Florida $17,987 493 Port St. John, Florida $17,953 494 Sylvan Shores, Florida $17,950 495 Bristol, Florida $17,949 496 Pine Island, Florida $17,927 497 Dunnellon, Florida $17,905 498 Warrington, Florida $17,876 499 West Miami, Florida $17,850 500 Panama City, Florida $17,830 501 Golden Lakes, Florida $17,818 502 Andover, Florida $17,798 503 Egypt Lake-Leto, Florida $17,760 504 Umatilla, Florida $17,739 505 Sky Lake, Florida $17,727 506 Palmetto, Florida $17,724 507 Holiday, Florida $17,722 508 Chambers Estates, Florida $17,707 509 Masaryktown, Florida $17,686 510 Green Cove Springs, Florida $17,673 511 Yulee, Florida $17,643 512 North Sarasota, Florida $17,643 513 Tamiami, Florida $17,601 514 Kendale Lakes, Florida $17,592 515 Sorrento, Florida $17,569 516 South Bradenton, Florida $17,549 517 Middleburg, Florida $17,531 518 Daytona Beach, Florida $17,530 519 North DeLand, Florida $17,489 520 Mims, Florida $17,433 521 Nassau Village-Ratliff, Florida $17,410 522 South Daytona, Florida $17,401 523 Fort Myers, Florida $17,312 524 Westchester, Florida $17,264 525 University Park, Florida $17,249 526 Lauderhill, Florida $17,243 527 Kathleen, Florida $17,231 528 Inverness, Florida $17,211 529 Waverly, Florida $17,203 530 New Port Richey East, Florida $17,191 531 Lehigh Acres, Florida $17,186 532 Spring Hill, Florida $17,184 533 Mount Plymouth, Florida $17,182 534 Solana, Florida $17,176 535 Lake Helen, Florida $17,158 536 Pittman, Florida $17,113 537 St.", "Battle of the Punchbowl __knowledge__ The Battle of the Punchbowl (), was one of the last battles of the movement phase of the Korean War.", "Battle of the Punchbowl __knowledge__ Following the breakdown of armistice negotiations in August 1951, the United Nations Command decided to launch a limited offensive in the late summer/early autumn to shorten and straighten sections of their lines, acquire better defensive terrain, and deny the enemy key vantage points from which they could observe and target UN positions.", "Battle of the Punchbowl __knowledge__ The Battle of Bloody Ridge took place west of the Punchbowl from August–September 1951 and this was followed by the Battle of Heartbreak Ridge northwest of the Punchbowl from September–October 1951.", "Sydney __knowledge__ Sydney () is the state capital of New South Wales and the most populous city in Australia and Oceania.", "Sydney __knowledge__ Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds the world's largest natural harbour and sprawls about on its periphery towards the Blue Mountains to the west, Hawkesbury to the north and Macarthur to the south.", "Sydney __knowledge__ Sydney is made up of 658 suburbs, 40 local government areas and 15 contiguous regions.", "Sydney __knowledge__ Residents of the city are known as \"Sydneysiders\".", "Sydney __knowledge__ As at June 2016 Sydney's estimated population was 5,029,768.", "Sydney __knowledge__ The Sydney area has been inhabited by indigenous Australians for at least 30,000 years." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 5 ]

[ "The city of New York is also called New York", "It is the most populous city in the United States", "The estimated population is 8,537,673", "Yeah. The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\" " ]

[ "New York City", "New York City", "New York City", "New York City" ]

[ "Religious music\nMy mom listens to a lot of religious music lately.", "Interesting. Thought it would have been something else. Do other religions sing?", "Oh I see. What else can you tell me about religious music?", "I wonder what that sounds like. I have only heard christian music.", "I can see that. I dont ever hear it on the radio stations I listen to." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Religious music __knowledge__ Religious music (also sacred music) is music performed or composed for religious use or through religious influence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Ritual music is music, sacred or not, performed or composed for or as ritual.", "Religious music __knowledge__ According to some scholars, the earliest music in the Christian Church came from Jewish worship music, with some additional Syriac influence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ It is believed that this music lay somewhere between singing and speaking, or speaking with an understood ritual cadence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ However, there is another opinion that the roots of early Christian music come from the early ascetic monastic orders.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Hindu music is music created for or influenced by Hinduism.", "Religious music __knowledge__ The earliest synagogal music was based on the same system as that in the Temple in Jerusalem.", "Religious music __knowledge__ According to the Talmud, Joshua ben Hananiah, who had served in the sanctuary Levitical choir, told how the choristers went to the synagogue from the orchestra by the altar (Talmud, Suk.", "Religious music __knowledge__ 53a), and so participated in both services.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Shintō music (神楽) is ceremonial music for Shinto (神道) which is the native religion of Japan.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Buddhist music is music for Buddhist ceremony or meditation.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Zoroastrian music is a genre of music that accompanies Zoroastrian traditions and rites.", "Kalihi __knowledge__ Kalihi is a neighborhood of Honolulu on the island of Oʻahu in Hawaiʻi, United States.", "Kalihi __knowledge__ Split by the Likelike Highway (Route 63), it is flanked by downtown Honolulu to the east and Mapunapuna, Moanalua and Salt Lake to the west.", "Kalihi __knowledge__ Kalihi is the name of the \"ahupuaʻa\" (ancient land division) between Kahauiki and Kapālama in the Kona (now Honolulu) district of O'ahu.", "Kalihi __knowledge__ The ahupua'a consists of Kalihi Uka, Kalihi Waena and Kalihi Kai.", "Kalihi __knowledge__ Historically, Kalihi Kai was the site of the former Leprosy Receiving Station, where those suspected of leprosy were examined prior to treatment or being sent to Kalaupapa on the island of Molokaʻi.", "Forever My Girl __knowledge__ Forever My Girl is a 2018 American romantic drama film written and directed by Bethany Ashton Wolf based on the original novel by Heidi McLaughlin.", "Forever My Girl __knowledge__ It follows a country musician (Alex Roe) who sets out to win over the girl he left at the altar eight years before (Jessica Rothe).", "Forever My Girl __knowledge__ Abby Ryder Fortson, Travis Tritt, and John Benjamin Hickey also star.", "Forever My Girl __knowledge__ It was released in the United States on January 19, 2018.", "Forever My Girl __knowledge__ It received negative reviews from critics, who denounced the characters and chemistry between the actors and compared it negatively to Nicholas Sparks films.", "Forever My Girl __knowledge__ The movie opens outside a small community church in Saint Augustine, Louisiana.", "Qaid-e-Tanhai __knowledge__ Qaid-e-Tanhai () is a Pakistani drama serial that aired on Hum TV from 22 October 2010 to 18 March 2011.", "Qaid-e-Tanhai __knowledge__ It was written by Umera Ahmed and directed by Babar Javed.", "Qaid-e-Tanhai __knowledge__ The drama was produced by A & B Productions.", "Qaid-e-Tanhai __knowledge__ It was also aired in India on Zindagi from 28 September 2015 to 5 November 2015.", "Qaid-e-Tanhai __knowledge__ Qaid-e-Tanhai is the story of a couple Aisha and Moiz who love each other.", "Qaid-e-Tanhai __knowledge__ They want to marry each other but Moiz's mother Aliya gives a condition that if her daughter Maliha (Lubna Aslam) gets married to Aisha's brother she will agree.", "Qaid-e-Tanhai __knowledge__ They get married to each other.", "Qaid-e-Tanhai __knowledge__ Then are separated due to family and financial pressures that Aisha's mother in law had on Moiz.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "Saint Anthony Catholic Church (Honolulu) __knowledge__ Saint Anthony Catholic Church in Honolulu is a parish in the West Honolulu Vicariate Forane of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Honolulu located at 640 Puuhale Road in the Kalihi Kai district of the city of Honolulu.", "Saint Anthony Catholic Church (Honolulu) __knowledge__ The Catholic faith was brought to Kalihi about 1840 when Brother Calixtus built an altar in a rented store for Sunday Mass.", "Saint Anthony Catholic Church (Honolulu) __knowledge__ The parish was canonically erected in 1916, when Father Ulrich Taube, SS.CC., built the first wooden church that was consecrated that same year under the title of Saint Anthony of Padua by Msgr.", "Saint Anthony Catholic Church (Honolulu) __knowledge__ Libert H. Boeynaems, SS.CC., Vicar Apostolic of the Hawaiian Islands.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ The city of Paris has been an important center for European music since the Middle Ages.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ It was noted for its choral music in the 12th century, for its role in the development of ballet during the Renaissance, in the 19th century it became famous for its music halls and cabarets, and in the 20th century for the first performances of the Ballets Russes, its jazz clubs, and its part in the development of serial music.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ Paris has been home to many important composers, to name a few: Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Niccolò Piccinni, Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Jacques Offenbach, Georges Bizet, Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Hector Berlioz, Paul Dukas, Gabriel Fauré, César Franck, Charles Gounod, Jules Massenet, Vincent d'Indy, Camille Saint-Saëns, Erik Satie, Igor Stravinsky, Sidney Bechet...", "Reverence (emotion) __knowledge__ Reverence () is \"a feeling or attitude of deep respect tinged with awe; veneration\".", "Reverence (emotion) __knowledge__ The word \"reverence\" in the modern day is often used in relationship with religion.", "Reverence (emotion) __knowledge__ This is because religion often stimulates the emotion through recognition of God, the supernatural, and the ineffable.", "Reverence (emotion) __knowledge__ Reverence involves a humbling of the self in respectful recognition of something perceived to be greater than the self.", "Reverence (emotion) __knowledge__ Thus religion is commonly a place where reverence is felt.", "Reverence (emotion) __knowledge__ However, similar to awe, reverence is an emotion in its own right, and can be felt outside of the realm of religion.", "Reverence (emotion) __knowledge__ Whereas awe may be characterized as an overwhelming \"sensitivity to greatness,\" reverence is seen more as \"acknowledging a subjective response to something excellent in a personal (moral or spiritual) way, but qualitatively above oneself\" Solomon describes awe as passive, but reverence as active, noting that the feeling of awe (i.e., becoming awestruck) implies paralysis, whereas feelings of reverence are associated more with active engagement and responsibility toward that which one reveres." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Religious music __knowledge__ Religious music (also sacred music) is music performed or composed for religious use or through religious influence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Ritual music is music, sacred or not, performed or composed for or as ritual.", "Religious music __knowledge__ According to some scholars, the earliest music in the Christian Church came from Jewish worship music, with some additional Syriac influence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ It is believed that this music lay somewhere between singing and speaking, or speaking with an understood ritual cadence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ However, there is another opinion that the roots of early Christian music come from the early ascetic monastic orders.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Hindu music is music created for or influenced by Hinduism.", "Religious music __knowledge__ The earliest synagogal music was based on the same system as that in the Temple in Jerusalem.", "Religious music __knowledge__ According to the Talmud, Joshua ben Hananiah, who had served in the sanctuary Levitical choir, told how the choristers went to the synagogue from the orchestra by the altar (Talmud, Suk.", "Religious music __knowledge__ 53a), and so participated in both services.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Shintō music (神楽) is ceremonial music for Shinto (神道) which is the native religion of Japan.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Buddhist music is music for Buddhist ceremony or meditation.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Zoroastrian music is a genre of music that accompanies Zoroastrian traditions and rites.", "Something Else (Tech N9ne album) __knowledge__ Something Else is the thirteenth studio album by American rapper Tech N9ne.", "Something Else (Tech N9ne album) __knowledge__ It was released on July 30, 2013, by Strange Music and RBC Records.", "Something Else (Tech N9ne album) __knowledge__ The album has broken up into three portions – Earth, Water & Fire.", "Something Else (Tech N9ne album) __knowledge__ Production on the album was handled during 2012 to 2013, primarily by frequent collaborator Seven, among others such as Young Fyre, Drumma Boy, and Fredwreck.", "Something Else (Tech N9ne album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from B.o.B, Big K.R.I.T., CeeLo Green, The Doors, The Game, Kendrick Lamar, Serj Tankian, T-Pain, Trae tha Truth and Wiz Khalifa, among others including several artists from Tech N9ne's Strange Music imprint.", "Robin Thicke __knowledge__ Robin Alan Thicke (born March 10, 1977) is an American singer, songwriter and record producer.", "Robin Thicke __knowledge__ Thicke has worked with numerous artists, such as Christina Aguilera, T.I., Nicki Minaj, K. Michelle, Pharrell Williams, Usher, Jennifer Hudson, Flo Rida, Brandy, Kid Cudi and Mary J. Blige, among others.", "Robin Thicke __knowledge__ Thicke worked on albums such as Usher's \"Confessions\" and Lil Wayne's \"Tha Carter III\", while releasing his own R&B singles in the US including \"Lost Without U\", \"Magic\", and \"Sex Therapy\".", "Robin Thicke __knowledge__ He rose to international fame in 2013 with his single \"Blurred Lines\", which reached number one on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Nous __knowledge__ Nous (British: ; US: ), sometimes equated to intellect or intelligence, is a philosophical term for the faculty of the human mind which is described in classical philosophy as necessary for understanding what is true or real.", "Nous __knowledge__ The three commonly used philosophical terms are from Greek, νοῦς or , and Latin \"intellēctus\" and \"intelligentia\" respectively.", "Nous __knowledge__ To describe the activity of this faculty, apart from verbs based on the word \"understanding\", the word \"intellection\" is sometimes used in philosophical contexts, and the Greek words \"noēsis\" and \"noein\" are sometimes also used.", "Nous __knowledge__ This activity is understood in a similar way, at least in some contexts, to the modern concept of intuition.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ Mircea Eliade (; – April 22, 1986) was a Romanian historian of religion, fiction writer, philosopher, and professor at the University of Chicago.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ He was a leading interpreter of religious experience, who established paradigms in religious studies that persist to this day.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ His theory that \"hierophanies\" form the basis of religion, splitting the human experience of reality into sacred and profane space and time, has proved influential.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ One of his most influential contributions to religious studies was his theory of \"Eternal Return\", which holds that myths and rituals do not simply commemorate hierophanies, but, at least to the minds of the religious, actually participate in them.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ Science of Logic (SL; , WL), first published between 1812 and 1816, is the work in which Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel outlined his vision of logic.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ Hegel's logic is a system of \"dialectics\", i.e., a dialectical metaphysics: It is a development of the principle that thought and being constitute a single and active unity.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ \"Science of Logic\" also incorporates the traditional Aristotelian syllogism: It is conceived as a phase of the “original unity of thought and being” rather than as a detached, formal instrument of inference.", "Science of Logic __knowledge__ For Hegel, the most important achievement of German idealism, starting with Immanuel Kant and culminating in his own philosophy, was the argument that reality (\"being\") is shaped through and through by thought and is, in a strong sense, identical to thought.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer, musician, and actor.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the \"King of Rock and Roll\" or simply \"the King\".", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family when he was 13 years old.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ His music career began there in 1954, recording at Sun Records with producer Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience.", "Elvis Presley __knowledge__ Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a pioneer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Judaism __knowledge__ Judaism (originally from Hebrew , \"Yehudah\", \"Judah\"; via Latin and Greek) is an ancient, monotheistic, Abrahamic religion with the Torah as its foundational text.", "Judaism __knowledge__ It encompasses the religion, philosophy and culture of the Jewish people.", "Judaism __knowledge__ Judaism is considered by religious Jews to be the expression of the covenant that God established with the Children of Israel.", "Judaism __knowledge__ Judaism includes a wide corpus of texts, practices, theological positions, and forms of organization.", "Judaism __knowledge__ The Torah is part of the larger text known as the Tanakh or the Hebrew Bible, and supplemental oral tradition represented by later texts such as the Midrash and the Talmud.", "Christianity in the 1st century __knowledge__ Christianity in the 1st century deals with the formative years of the Early Christian community.", "Christianity in the 1st century __knowledge__ The earliest followers of Jesus composed an apocalyptic Jewish sect, which historians refer to as Jewish Christianity.", "Christianity in the 1st century __knowledge__ The Apostles dispersed from Jerusalem, founding the Apostolic Sees, presumably following the Great Commission's decree to spread the teachings of Jesus to \"all nations\".", "Christianity in the 1st century __knowledge__ Peter, Paul, and James the Just were the most influential early Christian leaders, though Paul's influence on Christian thinking is said to be more significant than any other New Testament authors, but the relationship of Paul of Tarsus and Judaism is still disputed today.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity is a Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, and miracles of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as the Christ, or \"Messiah\", who is the focal point of the Christian faiths.", "Christianity __knowledge__ It is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global population, known as Christians.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christians make up a majority of the population in 158 countries and territories.", "Christianity __knowledge__ They believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the savior of humanity whose coming as the Messiah (the Christ) was prophesied in the Old Testament.", "Christianity __knowledge__ Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization.", "Messianic Judaism __knowledge__ Messianic Judaism is a modern syncretic religious movement that combines Christianity—most importantly, the Christian belief that Jesus is the Messiah—with elements of Judaism and Jewish tradition, its current form emerging in the 1960s and 1970s.", "Messianic Judaism __knowledge__ Messianic Judaism believes that Jesus is the Jewish Messiah and \"God the Son\" (one person of the Trinity), and that the Hebrew Bible, Old Testament, and New Testament are all authoritative scriptures.", "Messianic Judaism __knowledge__ Salvation in Messianic Judaism is achieved only through acceptance of Jesus as one's savior, and Jewish laws or customs which are followed do not contribute to salvation.", "Historiography of early Christianity __knowledge__ Historians have used a variety of sources and methods in exploring and describing the history of early Christianity, commonly known as Christianity before the First Council of Nicaea in 325.", "Historiography of early Christianity __knowledge__ The growth of Christianity and its enhanced status in the Roman Empire after Constantine I led to the development of a distinct Christian historiography, influenced by both Christian theology and the Development of the Christian Biblical canon, encompassing new areas of study and views of history.", "Historiography of early Christianity __knowledge__ The central role of the Bible in Christianity is reflected in the preference of Christian historians for written sources, compared to the classical historians' preference for oral sources and is also reflected in the inclusion of politically unimportant people.", "Christian Church __knowledge__ The Christian Church is an ecclesiological term generally used by Protestants to refer to the whole group of people belonging to the Christianity throughout history.", "Christian Church __knowledge__ In this understanding, the \"Christian Church\" does not refer to a particular Christian denomination but to the body of all believers.", "Christian Church __knowledge__ Some Christian traditions, however, believe that the term \"Christian Church\" or \"Church\" applies only to a specific historic Christian body or institution (e.g., the Catholic Church, the Orthodox Church, the Non-Chalcedonian Churches of Oriental Orthodoxy, or the Assyrian Church of the East).", "Christian Church __knowledge__ The Four Marks of the Church first expressed in the Nicene Creed are that the Church is One (a unified Body of Particular Churches in full Communion of doctrines and faith with each other), Holy (a sanctified and deified Body), Catholic (Universal and containing the fullness of Truth in itself), and Apostolic (its hierarchy, doctrines, and faith can be traced back to the Apostles)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Religious music __knowledge__ Religious music (also sacred music) is music performed or composed for religious use or through religious influence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Ritual music is music, sacred or not, performed or composed for or as ritual.", "Religious music __knowledge__ According to some scholars, the earliest music in the Christian Church came from Jewish worship music, with some additional Syriac influence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ It is believed that this music lay somewhere between singing and speaking, or speaking with an understood ritual cadence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ However, there is another opinion that the roots of early Christian music come from the early ascetic monastic orders.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Hindu music is music created for or influenced by Hinduism.", "Religious music __knowledge__ The earliest synagogal music was based on the same system as that in the Temple in Jerusalem.", "Religious music __knowledge__ According to the Talmud, Joshua ben Hananiah, who had served in the sanctuary Levitical choir, told how the choristers went to the synagogue from the orchestra by the altar (Talmud, Suk.", "Religious music __knowledge__ 53a), and so participated in both services.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Shintō music (神楽) is ceremonial music for Shinto (神道) which is the native religion of Japan.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Buddhist music is music for Buddhist ceremony or meditation.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Zoroastrian music is a genre of music that accompanies Zoroastrian traditions and rites.", "Music of Philadelphia __knowledge__ The city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is home to a vibrant and well-documented musical heritage, stretching back to colonial times.", "Music of Philadelphia __knowledge__ Innovations in classical music, opera, R&B, jazz and soul have earned the music of Philadelphia national and international renown.", "Music of Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia's musical institutions have long played an important role in the music of Pennsylvania, as well as a nationwide impact, especially in the early development of hip hop music.", "Music of Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia's diverse population has also given it a reputation for styles ranging from dancehall to Irish traditional music, as well as a thriving classical and folk music scene.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ The city of Paris has been an important center for European music since the Middle Ages.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ It was noted for its choral music in the 12th century, for its role in the development of ballet during the Renaissance, in the 19th century it became famous for its music halls and cabarets, and in the 20th century for the first performances of the Ballets Russes, its jazz clubs, and its part in the development of serial music.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ Paris has been home to many important composers, to name a few: Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Niccolò Piccinni, Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Jacques Offenbach, Georges Bizet, Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Hector Berlioz, Paul Dukas, Gabriel Fauré, César Franck, Charles Gounod, Jules Massenet, Vincent d'Indy, Camille Saint-Saëns, Erik Satie, Igor Stravinsky, Sidney Bechet...", "Francis Poulenc __knowledge__ Francis Jean Marcel Poulenc (; 7 January 189930 January 1963) was a French composer and pianist.", "Francis Poulenc __knowledge__ His compositions include \"mélodies\", solo piano works, chamber music, choral pieces, operas, ballets, and orchestral concert music.", "Francis Poulenc __knowledge__ Among the best-known are the piano suite \"Trois mouvements perpétuels\" (1919), the ballet \"Les biches\" (1923), the \"Concert champêtre\" (1928) for harpsichord and orchestra, the Organ Concerto (1938), the opera \"Dialogues des Carmélites\" (1957), and the \"Gloria\" (1959) for soprano, choir and orchestra.", "Francis Poulenc __knowledge__ Poulenc's wealthy parents intended him for a business career in Poulenc Frères, their family pharmaceutical company, and did not allow him to enrol at a music college.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Reverence (emotion) __knowledge__ Reverence () is \"a feeling or attitude of deep respect tinged with awe; veneration\".", "Reverence (emotion) __knowledge__ The word \"reverence\" in the modern day is often used in relationship with religion.", "Reverence (emotion) __knowledge__ This is because religion often stimulates the emotion through recognition of God, the supernatural, and the ineffable.", "Reverence (emotion) __knowledge__ Reverence involves a humbling of the self in respectful recognition of something perceived to be greater than the self.", "Reverence (emotion) __knowledge__ Thus religion is commonly a place where reverence is felt.", "Reverence (emotion) __knowledge__ However, similar to awe, reverence is an emotion in its own right, and can be felt outside of the realm of religion.", "Reverence (emotion) __knowledge__ Whereas awe may be characterized as an overwhelming \"sensitivity to greatness,\" reverence is seen more as \"acknowledging a subjective response to something excellent in a personal (moral or spiritual) way, but qualitatively above oneself\" Solomon describes awe as passive, but reverence as active, noting that the feeling of awe (i.e., becoming awestruck) implies paralysis, whereas feelings of reverence are associated more with active engagement and responsibility toward that which one reveres.", "Music of Barbados __knowledge__ The music of Barbados includes distinctive national styles of folk and popular music, including elements of Western classical and religious music.", "Music of Barbados __knowledge__ The culture of Barbados is a syncretic mix of African and British elements, and the island's music reflects this mix through song types and styles, instrumentation, dances, and aesthetic principles.", "Music of Barbados __knowledge__ Barbadian folk traditions include the Landship movement, which is a satirical, informal organization based on the British navy, tea meetings, tuk bands and numerous traditional songs and dances.", "Music of Barbados __knowledge__ In modern Barbados, popular styles include calypso, spouge, contemporary folk and world music.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Mount Diablo Thrust Fault __knowledge__ The Mount Diablo Thrust Fault, also known as the Mount Diablo Blind Thrust, is a thrust fault in the vicinity of Mount Diablo in Contra Costa County, California.", "Mount Diablo Thrust Fault __knowledge__ The fault lies between the Calaveras Fault, the Greenville Fault, and the Concord Fault, all right-lateral strike-slip faults, and appear to transfer movement from the Calaveras and Greenville Faults to the Concord Fault, while continuing to uplift Mount Diablo.", "Mount Diablo Thrust Fault __knowledge__ The Pacific Plate is a major section of the Earth's crust, gradually expanding by the eruption of magma along the East Pacific Rise to the southeast.", "Mount Diablo Thrust Fault __knowledge__ It is also being subducted far to the northwest into the Aleutian Trench under the North American Plate well north of San Francisco.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Dami Im (, , ; born 17 October 1988) is a Korean-born Australian singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist performing artist.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Im is known for achieving the best ever Eurovision result for Australia.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Im emigrated to Australia from South Korea with her family at the age of nine.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ She won the fifth season of \"The X Factor Australia\" and subsequently received a recording contract with Sony Music Australia.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ After winning \"The X Factor\", Im released her debut and winner's single \"Alive\", which debuted at number one on the ARIA Singles Chart.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ This was followed by the release of her self-titled second studio album, which debuted at number one the ARIA Albums Chart and was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association.", "Eßweiler __knowledge__ Eßweiler (, with a short E; also Essweiler) is an \"Ortsgemeinde\" – a municipality belonging to a \"Verbandsgemeinde\", a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.", "Eßweiler __knowledge__ It belongs to the \"Verbandsgemeinde\" Lauterecken-Wolfstein.", "Eßweiler __knowledge__ The municipality lies roughly 25 km north of Kaiserslautern, 15 km east of Kusel and 4 km west of Wolfstein at the foot of the Königsberg, a mountain in the North Palatine Uplands.", "Eßweiler __knowledge__ Eßweiler sits at an elevation of 260 to 280 m above sea level, and has also given the dale in which it lies its name, the \"Eßweiler Tal\".", "Eßweiler __knowledge__ In the village itself, the two streams, the Breitenbach and the Jettenbach, flow together to form the Talbach, which is fed by the Steinbach about 100 m beyond the municipal limit, thereafter flowing down to Offenbach-Hundheim, where it empties into the Glan.", "Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury __knowledge__ Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, PC (22 July 1621 – 21 January 1683), known as Anthony Ashley Cooper from 1621 to 1630, as Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper, 2nd Baronet from 1630 to 1661, and as The Lord Ashley from 1661 to 1672, was a prominent English politician during the Interregnum and during the reign of King Charles II.", "Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury __knowledge__ A founder of the Whig party, he is also remembered as the patron of John Locke.", "Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury __knowledge__ Anthony Ashley Cooper was born in 1621 and had lost both of his parents by the age of eight.", "Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury __knowledge__ He was brought up by Edward Tooker and other guardians named in his father's will, before attending Exeter College, Oxford, and Lincoln's Inn.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ A sea shanty, chantey, or chanty is a type of work song that was once commonly sung to accompany labor on board large merchant sailing vessels.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ The term \"shanty\" most accurately refers to a specific style of work song belonging to this historical repertoire.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ However, in recent, popular usage, the scope of its definition is sometimes expanded to admit a wider range of repertoire and characteristics, or to refer to a \"maritime work song\" in general.", "Sea shanty __knowledge__ Of uncertain etymological origin, the word \"shanty\" emerged in the mid-19th century in reference to an appreciably distinct genre of work song, developed especially in American-style merchant vessels that had come to prominence in decades prior to the American Civil War.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Religious music __knowledge__ Religious music (also sacred music) is music performed or composed for religious use or through religious influence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Ritual music is music, sacred or not, performed or composed for or as ritual.", "Religious music __knowledge__ According to some scholars, the earliest music in the Christian Church came from Jewish worship music, with some additional Syriac influence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ It is believed that this music lay somewhere between singing and speaking, or speaking with an understood ritual cadence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ However, there is another opinion that the roots of early Christian music come from the early ascetic monastic orders.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Hindu music is music created for or influenced by Hinduism.", "Religious music __knowledge__ The earliest synagogal music was based on the same system as that in the Temple in Jerusalem.", "Religious music __knowledge__ According to the Talmud, Joshua ben Hananiah, who had served in the sanctuary Levitical choir, told how the choristers went to the synagogue from the orchestra by the altar (Talmud, Suk.", "Religious music __knowledge__ 53a), and so participated in both services.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Shintō music (神楽) is ceremonial music for Shinto (神道) which is the native religion of Japan.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Buddhist music is music for Buddhist ceremony or meditation.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Zoroastrian music is a genre of music that accompanies Zoroastrian traditions and rites.", "Christian music industry __knowledge__ The Christian music industry is a small part of the larger music industry, that focuses on traditional Gospel music, Southern gospel, contemporary Christian music, and alternative Christian music.", "Christian music industry __knowledge__ It is sometimes called the gospel music industry, although this designation is not a limitation on the musical styles represented.", "Christian music industry __knowledge__ Christian artists generally use secular styles, pairing them with lyrics that display faith and spirituality to varying degrees.", "Christian music industry __knowledge__ Generally speaking, the industry is influenced by mainstream culture.", "Christian music industry __knowledge__ Musical trends, for instance, follow those of the secular scene, though usually a few years behind.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal, also known as white metal, Jesus metal or heavenly metal, is a form of heavy metal music usually defined by its message using song lyrics as well as the dedication of the band members to Christianity.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal is typically performed by professed Christians principally for Christians who listen to heavy metal music and often produced and distributed through various Christian networks.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal bands exist in most of the subgenres of heavy metal music, and the only common link among most Christian metal bands are the lyrics.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ The Christian themes are often melded with the subjects of the genre the band is rooted in, regularly providing a Christian take on the subject matter.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Petra is a music group regarded as a pioneer of the Christian rock and contemporary Christian music genres.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Formed in 1972, the band took its name from the Greek word for \"rock\".", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Though it disbanded formally in 2006, incarnations have played reunion shows in the years since and released an album in November 2010.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ In 2013, it reformed with a new drummer, Cristian Borneo, and recorded a new song titled \"Holy is Your Name\", before going back on tour.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ With a style initially similar to The Eagles and Lynyrd Skynyrd, Petra's sound evolved into a more energetic, driving rock sound in the early 1980s akin to Foreigner, Styx and Journey.", "Phil Keaggy __knowledge__ Philip Tyler \"Phil\" Keaggy (born March 23, 1951) is an American acoustic and electric guitarist and vocalist who has released more than 50 albums and contributed to many more recordings in both the contemporary Christian music and mainstream markets.", "Phil Keaggy __knowledge__ He is a seven-time recipient of the GMA Dove Award for Instrumental Album of the Year, and was twice nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Rock Gospel Album.", "Phil Keaggy __knowledge__ He has frequently been listed as one of the world's top-three \"finger-style\", as well as \"finger-picking\", guitarists by \"Guitar Player Magazine\" readers' polls.", "Phil Keaggy __knowledge__ Keaggy was raised in a small farmhouse in Hubbard, Ohio with nine brothers and sisters.", "Christian music festival __knowledge__ A Christian music festival (also known as a Jesus music festival or simply a Jesus festival) is a music festival held by the Christian community, in support of performers of Christian music.", "Christian music festival __knowledge__ The festivals are characterized by more than just music; many feature motivational speakers and evangelists, and include seminars on Christian spiritual and missions topics, service, and evangelism.", "Christian music festival __knowledge__ They are often viewed as evangelical tools, and small festivals can draw 10 times the crowd of traditional revival meetings.", "Christian music festival __knowledge__ While the central theme of a Christian festival is Jesus Christ, the core appeal of a Christian music festival remains the artists and their music.", "Contemporary Christian music __knowledge__ Contemporary Christian music (or CCM—and occasionally \"inspirational music\") is a genre of modern popular music which is lyrically focused on matters concerned with the Christian faith.", "Contemporary Christian music __knowledge__ It formed as those affected by the 1960s Jesus movement revival began to express themselves in a more contemporary style of music than the hymns, Gospel and Southern Gospel music that was prevalent in the church at the time.", "Contemporary Christian music __knowledge__ Today, the term is typically used to refer to pop, rock, or praise & worship styles.", "Contemporary Christian music __knowledge__ It has representation on several music charts including \"Billboard\"s Christian Albums, Christian Songs, Hot Christian AC (Adult Contemporary), Christian CHR, Soft AC/Inspirational, and Christian Digital Songs as well as the UK's Official Christian & Gospel Albums Chart.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken was a band from Melbourne, Australia, which formed in 1999 and disbanded in 2007.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were one of Australia's most well-known ska bands and one of the most popular Christian bands in the country.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ They were signed to Boomtown Records.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken's musical style included a blend of Ska, Hardcore, Reggae & Rock.The band placed a high emphasis on touring and were known for their \"high energy\" live performances.", "Sounds Like Chicken __knowledge__ Sounds Like Chicken shared stages and toured with such bands, including Reel Big Fish, Mad Caddies, Crowned King, Hilltop Hoods, Kisschasy, Area-7, Gyroscope, Bodyjar, 28 Days, Killing Heidi, The O.C.", "Thích Nhật Từ __knowledge__ Ven.", "Thích Nhật Từ __knowledge__ Thich Nhat Tu or Thích Nhật Từ in Vietnamese (Saigon, 1969) is a Vietnamese Buddhist reformer, an author, a poet, a psychological consultant, and an active social activist in Vietnam.", "Thích Nhật Từ __knowledge__ He is committed to propagate Buddha’s teachings through education, cultural activities and charitable programs in order to benefit the individuals and the society at large.", "Thích Nhật Từ __knowledge__ Ven.Thich Nhat Tu was born in 1969.", "Thích Nhật Từ __knowledge__ After completing secondary high school, he became a novice at 13 years old, under the spiritual guidance of the late Most Ven.", "Thích Nhật Từ __knowledge__ Thich Thien Hue at Giac Ngo Temple and received full ordination in 1988.", "Thích Nhật Từ __knowledge__ He has been the Abbot of Giac Ngo Temple since 1992, and is the founder of Buddhism Today Foundation in 2000.", "Culture of Buddhism __knowledge__ Buddhist culture is exemplified through Buddhist art, Buddhist architecture, Buddhist music and Buddhist cuisine.", "Culture of Buddhism __knowledge__ As Buddhism expanded from the Indian subcontinent it adopted artistic and cultural elements of host countries in other parts of Asia.", "Culture of Buddhism __knowledge__ Economics or the way in which work life is organized and the demands of production are met form an integral part of any culture.", "Culture of Buddhism __knowledge__ Buddhist economics forms an integral part of the Buddhist culture.", "Culture of Buddhism __knowledge__ Buddhist Economics does not work to maximise consumption but human well-being, which lies in a simple, purposeful and dutiful life, in which rightful livelihood is earned.", "Buddhism __knowledge__ Buddhism ( or ) is a religion and dharma that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on original teachings attributed to the Buddha and resulting interpreted philosophies.", "Buddhism __knowledge__ Buddhism originated in Ancient India sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE, from where it spread through much of Asia, whereafter it declined in India during the Middle Ages.", "Buddhism __knowledge__ Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada (Pali: \"The School of the Elders\") and Mahayana (Sanskrit: \"The Great Vehicle\").", "Buddhism __knowledge__ Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion, with over 520 million followers or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.", "Buddhism in the United States __knowledge__ Buddhism is one of the largest religions in the United States behind Christianity, Judaism and Islam.", "Buddhism in the United States __knowledge__ American Buddhists include many Asian Americans, as well as a large number of converts of other ethnicities, and now their children and even grandchildren.", "Buddhism in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012, \"U-T San Diego\" estimated U.S. practitioners at 1.2 million people, of whom 40% are living in Southern California.", "Buddhism in the United States __knowledge__ In terms of percentage, Hawaii has the most Buddhists at 8% of the population due to its large Asian American community.", "Buddhism in the United States __knowledge__ Buddhist American scholar Charles Prebish states there are three broad types of American Buddhism: Soka Gakkai International (SGI) is perhaps the most successful of Japan's new religious movements that grew around the world after the end of World War II.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Meditation can be defined as a practice where an individual focuses his or her mind on a particular object, thought or activity to achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm state.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Meditation may be used to reduce stress, anxiety, depression, and pain.", "Meditation __knowledge__ It may be done while sitting, repeating a mantra, and closing the eyes in a quiet environment.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Meditation has been practiced since antiquity in numerous religious traditions and beliefs.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Since the 19th century, it has spread from its Asian origins to Western cultures where it is commonly practiced in private and business life.", "Meditation __knowledge__ Meditation is under psychological, neurological, and cardiovascular research to define its possible health effects.", "Theravada __knowledge__ Theravāda (Pali, literally \"school of the elder monks\") is a branch of Buddhism that uses the Buddha's teaching preserved in the Pāli Canon as its doctrinal core.", "Theravada __knowledge__ The Pali canon is the only complete Buddhist canon which survives in a classical Indic Language, Pali, which serves as the sacred language and lingua franca of Theravada Buddhism.", "Theravada __knowledge__ Another feature of Theravada is its tendency to be very conservative with regard to matters of doctrine and monastic discipline.", "Theravada __knowledge__ As a distinct sect, Theravada Buddhism developed in Sri Lanka and spread to the rest of Southeast Asia.", "Theravada __knowledge__ Theravada also includes a rich diversity of traditions and practices that have developed over its long history of interactions with varying cultures and religious communities.", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ This article is about Buddhist devotion in the present day.", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ Devotion in Buddhism is an important part of Buddhist practice.", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ It refers to devotion to religious observances or to an object or person, and may be translated with Pali language terms like \"saddhā\", \"gārava\" or \"pūjā\".", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ Central to Buddhist devotion is the practice of \"buddhānussati\", the recollection of the inspiring qualities of the Buddha.", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ Although \"buddhānussati\" had been an important aspect of practice since the early period of Buddhism, its importance was amplified with the arising of Mahāyāna Buddhism.", "Buddhist devotion __knowledge__ Specifically, with Pure Land Buddhism, many forms of devotion were developed to recollect and connect with the celestial Buddhas, especially Amitābha." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Religious music __knowledge__ Religious music (also sacred music) is music performed or composed for religious use or through religious influence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Ritual music is music, sacred or not, performed or composed for or as ritual.", "Religious music __knowledge__ According to some scholars, the earliest music in the Christian Church came from Jewish worship music, with some additional Syriac influence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ It is believed that this music lay somewhere between singing and speaking, or speaking with an understood ritual cadence.", "Religious music __knowledge__ However, there is another opinion that the roots of early Christian music come from the early ascetic monastic orders.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Hindu music is music created for or influenced by Hinduism.", "Religious music __knowledge__ The earliest synagogal music was based on the same system as that in the Temple in Jerusalem.", "Religious music __knowledge__ According to the Talmud, Joshua ben Hananiah, who had served in the sanctuary Levitical choir, told how the choristers went to the synagogue from the orchestra by the altar (Talmud, Suk.", "Religious music __knowledge__ 53a), and so participated in both services.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Shintō music (神楽) is ceremonial music for Shinto (神道) which is the native religion of Japan.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Buddhist music is music for Buddhist ceremony or meditation.", "Religious music __knowledge__ Zoroastrian music is a genre of music that accompanies Zoroastrian traditions and rites.", "Community radio __knowledge__ Community radio is a radio service offering a third model of radio broadcasting in addition to commercial and public broadcasting.", "Community radio __knowledge__ Community stations serve geographic communities and communities of interest.", "Community radio __knowledge__ They broadcast content that is popular and relevant to a local, specific audience but is often overlooked by commercial or mass-media broadcasters.", "Community radio __knowledge__ Community radio stations are operated, owned, and influenced by the communities they serve.", "Community radio __knowledge__ They are generally nonprofit and provide a mechanism for enabling individuals, groups, and communities to tell their own stories, to share experiences and, in a media-rich world, to become creators and contributors of media.", "History of broadcasting __knowledge__ The first broadcasting of a radio transmission consisted of Morse code (or wireless telegraphy) was made from a temporary station set up by Guglielmo Marconi in 1895.", "History of broadcasting __knowledge__ This followed on from pioneering work in the field by Alessandro Volta, André-Marie Ampère, Georg Ohm, James Clerk Maxwell and Heinrich Hertz.", "History of broadcasting __knowledge__ The broadcasting of music and talk via radio started experimentally around 1905-1906, and commercially around 1920 to 1923.", "History of broadcasting __knowledge__ VHF (very high frequency) stations started 30 to 35 years later.", "History of broadcasting __knowledge__ In the early days, radio stations broadcast on the long wave, medium wave and short wave bands, and later on VHF (very high frequency) and UHF (ultra high frequency).", "Music radio __knowledge__ Music radio is a radio format in which music is the main broadcast content.", "Music radio __knowledge__ After television replaced old time radio's dramatic content, music formats became dominant in many countries.", "Music radio __knowledge__ Radio drama and comedy continue, often on public radio.", "Music radio __knowledge__ Music drives radio technology, including wide-band FM, modern digital radio systems such as Digital Radio Mondiale, and even the rise of internet radio and music streaming services (such as Pandora and Spotify).", "Music radio __knowledge__ The radio station provides programming to attract listeners.", "Music radio __knowledge__ Commercial radio stations make profits by selling advertising.", "Music radio __knowledge__ Public and community radio stations are sustained by listener donations and grants.", "Campus radio __knowledge__ Campus radio (also known as college radio, university radio or student radio) is a type of radio station that is run by the students of a college, university or other educational institution.", "Campus radio __knowledge__ Programming may be exclusively by students, or may include programmers from the wider community in which the radio station is based.", "Campus radio __knowledge__ Sometimes campus radio stations are operated for the purpose of training professional radio personnel, sometimes with the aim of broadcasting educational programming, while other radio stations exist to provide an alternative to commercial broadcasting or government broadcasters.", "List of radio stations in Greece __knowledge__ Greece has over 1,000 licensed radio stations.", "List of radio stations in Greece __knowledge__ Most broadcast on the FM band; the AM band has been almost entirely abandoned by broadcasters, with the exception of State-run media and a few other stations.", "List of radio stations in Greece __knowledge__ In March, 2001, the Greek government closed approximately 60 of 90+ FM stations operating in the Athens area, citing potential interference to frequencies to be used by the new Athens International Airport.", "List of radio stations in Greece __knowledge__ There are some who believe that the government shut down these stations as a political favor to powerful publishing and media groups, whose stations, for the most part, remained on the air; others argued that the licensing process was legally inconsistent.", "Countries using DAB/DMB __knowledge__ The radio technology known as \"Digital Audio Broadcasting\" (DAB or DAB+), and its TV sibling, Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB), is being operated in several regions worldwide, either in the form of full services, or as feasibility studies.", "Countries using DAB/DMB __knowledge__ As of 2017, 420 million people are able to receive DAB services, with over 2,100 DAB services on air in 38 countries.", "Countries using DAB/DMB __knowledge__ This article provides brief information on most of the regions using DAB, DAB+ and DMB.", "Countries using DAB/DMB __knowledge__ Australia were one of the first countries to commence large scale rollout of the newer DAB+ standard in 2009.", "Countries using DAB/DMB __knowledge__ As of 2017, there are nearly 25% of the population of the 5 metropolitan capitals (Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and Adelaide) now listening to DAB+ radio each week.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Christian music industry __knowledge__ The Christian music industry is a small part of the larger music industry, that focuses on traditional Gospel music, Southern gospel, contemporary Christian music, and alternative Christian music.", "Christian music industry __knowledge__ It is sometimes called the gospel music industry, although this designation is not a limitation on the musical styles represented.", "Christian music industry __knowledge__ Christian artists generally use secular styles, pairing them with lyrics that display faith and spirituality to varying degrees.", "Christian music industry __knowledge__ Generally speaking, the industry is influenced by mainstream culture.", "Christian music industry __knowledge__ Musical trends, for instance, follow those of the secular scene, though usually a few years behind.", "KLYT __knowledge__ KLYT (88.3 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Christian Contemporary format.", "KLYT __knowledge__ Licensed to Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States, the station serves the New Mexico area.", "KLYT __knowledge__ The station is currently owned by Calvary Chapel of Albuquerque, Inc.", "KLYT __knowledge__ The station is branded as \"Star 88\" and promotes itself as \"Vertical Worship * Christian Hits * Fresh Indie\".", "KLYT __knowledge__ The station is heard via its main transmitter atop Sandia Peak, throughout New Mexico and portions of southern Colorado through a network of about 10 translators, and around the world via Internet streaming.", "KLYT __knowledge__ KLYT is the longest running Christian music station in the United States.", "Christian music festival __knowledge__ A Christian music festival (also known as a Jesus music festival or simply a Jesus festival) is a music festival held by the Christian community, in support of performers of Christian music.", "Christian music festival __knowledge__ The festivals are characterized by more than just music; many feature motivational speakers and evangelists, and include seminars on Christian spiritual and missions topics, service, and evangelism.", "Christian music festival __knowledge__ They are often viewed as evangelical tools, and small festivals can draw 10 times the crowd of traditional revival meetings.", "Christian music festival __knowledge__ While the central theme of a Christian festival is Jesus Christ, the core appeal of a Christian music festival remains the artists and their music.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal, also known as white metal, Jesus metal or heavenly metal, is a form of heavy metal music usually defined by its message using song lyrics as well as the dedication of the band members to Christianity.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal is typically performed by professed Christians principally for Christians who listen to heavy metal music and often produced and distributed through various Christian networks.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ Christian metal bands exist in most of the subgenres of heavy metal music, and the only common link among most Christian metal bands are the lyrics.", "Christian metal __knowledge__ The Christian themes are often melded with the subjects of the genre the band is rooted in, regularly providing a Christian take on the subject matter.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Petra is a music group regarded as a pioneer of the Christian rock and contemporary Christian music genres.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Formed in 1972, the band took its name from the Greek word for \"rock\".", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ Though it disbanded formally in 2006, incarnations have played reunion shows in the years since and released an album in November 2010.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ In 2013, it reformed with a new drummer, Cristian Borneo, and recorded a new song titled \"Holy is Your Name\", before going back on tour.", "Petra (band) __knowledge__ With a style initially similar to The Eagles and Lynyrd Skynyrd, Petra's sound evolved into a more energetic, driving rock sound in the early 1980s akin to Foreigner, Styx and Journey.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ The city of Paris has been an important center for European music since the Middle Ages.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ It was noted for its choral music in the 12th century, for its role in the development of ballet during the Renaissance, in the 19th century it became famous for its music halls and cabarets, and in the 20th century for the first performances of the Ballets Russes, its jazz clubs, and its part in the development of serial music.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ Paris has been home to many important composers, to name a few: Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Niccolò Piccinni, Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Jacques Offenbach, Georges Bizet, Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Hector Berlioz, Paul Dukas, Gabriel Fauré, César Franck, Charles Gounod, Jules Massenet, Vincent d'Indy, Camille Saint-Saëns, Erik Satie, Igor Stravinsky, Sidney Bechet...", "Blues __knowledge__ Blues is a music genre and musical form originated by African Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the end of the 19th century.", "Blues __knowledge__ The genre developed from roots in African musical traditions, African-American work songs, spirituals, and the folk music of white Americans of European heritage.", "Blues __knowledge__ Blues incorporated spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts, chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads.", "Blues __knowledge__ The blues form, ubiquitous in jazz, rhythm and blues and rock and roll, is characterized by the call-and-response pattern, the blues scale and specific chord progressions, of which the twelve-bar blues is the most common." ] ]

[ 3, 4, 11, 13, 0 ]

[ "my mom does that as well, According to some scholars, the earliest music in the Christian Church came from Jewish worship music", "im not sure but It is believed that this music lay somewhere between singing and speaking", "Buddhist music is music for Buddhist ceremony or meditation", "The Christian music industry is a small part of the larger music industry so religious music is not that popular other than with religious people", "i have heard some of the music it is not that but, but i would not listen to it myself" ]

[ "Religious music", "Religious music", "Religious music", "Religious music", "Religious music" ]

[ "The Simpsons\nThe Simpsons is one of the longest running Tv shows in history.", "I can't wait. I have been a fan my entire life. I'm a fan of the janitor at the school from Scotland.", "Have you been a fan since you were young?", "Yes thats very unique. I can't imagine a real Homer.", "I grew up poor in the working class guess I can see the similarity. Thankfully I'm much better off now days. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life, epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture and society, television, and the human condition.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family, substituting Bart for his own name.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The shorts became a part of \"The Tracey Ullman Show\" on April 19, 1987.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ After a three-season run, the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became an early hit for Fox, becoming the network's first series to land in the Top 30 ratings in a season (1989–90).", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Since its debut on December 17, 1989, episodes of \"The Simpsons\" have been broadcast.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Its 29th season began on October 1, 2017.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ It is the longest-running American sitcom and the longest-running American animated program, and, in 2009, it surpassed \"Gunsmoke\" as the longest-running American scripted primetime television series.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing, mixing or re-recording is a post-production process used in filmmaking and video production in which additional or supplementary recordings are \"mixed\" with original production sound to create the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ The process usually takes place on a dub stage.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ After sound editors edit and prepare all the necessary tracks – dialogue, automated dialogue replacement (ADR), effects, Foley, music – the dubbing mixers proceed to balance all of the elements and record the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing is sometimes confused with ADR, also known as \"additional dialogue replacement\", \"automated dialogue recording\", and \"looping\", in which the original actors re-record and synchronize audio segments.", "Media in The Simpsons __knowledge__ Media is a recurring theme of satire on \"The Simpsons\".", "Media in The Simpsons __knowledge__ The show is known for its satire of American popular culture and especially television culture, but has since its inception covered all types of media such as animation, journalism, commercials, comic books, movies, internet, and music.", "Media in The Simpsons __knowledge__ The series centers on a family and their life in a typical American town but the town of Springfield acts as a complete universe.", "Media in The Simpsons __knowledge__ The town features a vast array of media channels—from kids' television programming to local news, which enables the producers to make jokes about themselves and the entertainment industry.", "The Simpsons (franchise) __knowledge__ The Simpsons is an American animated comedy franchise whose eponymous family consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie.", "The Simpsons (franchise) __knowledge__ The Simpsons were created by cartoonist Matt Groening for a series of animated shorts that debuted on \"The Tracey Ullman Show\" on Fox on April 19, 1987.", "The Simpsons (franchise) __knowledge__ After a three-season run, the sketch was developed into \"The Simpsons\", a half-hour prime time show that was an early hit for Fox, becoming the first Fox series to land in the Top 30 ratings in a season (1989–1990).", "The Simpsons (franchise) __knowledge__ The popularity of \"The Simpsons\" has made it a billion-dollar merchandising and media franchise.", "The Simpsons (franchise) __knowledge__ Alongside the television series, the characters of the show have been featured in a variety of media, including books, comic books, a magazine, musical releases and video games.", "Fox Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ Fox Broadcasting Company (often shortened to Fox and stylized as FOX) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of Fox Entertainment Group, a subsidiary of 21st Century Fox.", "Fox Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ The network is headquartered at the 20th Century Fox studio in Los Angeles, with additional major offices and production facilities at the Fox Television Center also in Los Angeles and the Fox Broadcasting Center in New York City.", "Fox Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ Launched on October 9, 1986, as a competitor to the Big Three television networks (ABC, NBC and CBS), Fox went on to become the most successful attempt at a fourth television network.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ Springfield is the fictional town in which the American animated sitcom \"The Simpsons\" is set.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ A mid-sized town in an undetermined state of the United States, Springfield acts as a complete universe in which characters can explore the issues faced by modern society.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ The geography of the town and its surroundings is flexible, changing to address whatever an episode's plot calls for.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ Springfield's location is impossible to determine, and the show is deliberately evasive on the subject, providing contradictory clues and information about its location.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ Springfield is intended to represent \"anytown, USA\" and not be a specific real town, although the producers acknowledge basing the town on numerous locations including \"The Simpsons\" creator Matt Groening's hometown of Portland, Oregon, and Mike Scully's hometown, Springfield, Massachusetts." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life, epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture and society, television, and the human condition.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family, substituting Bart for his own name.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The shorts became a part of \"The Tracey Ullman Show\" on April 19, 1987.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ After a three-season run, the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became an early hit for Fox, becoming the network's first series to land in the Top 30 ratings in a season (1989–90).", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Since its debut on December 17, 1989, episodes of \"The Simpsons\" have been broadcast.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Its 29th season began on October 1, 2017.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ It is the longest-running American sitcom and the longest-running American animated program, and, in 2009, it surpassed \"Gunsmoke\" as the longest-running American scripted primetime television series.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the NBC/ABC American comedy-drama \"Scrubs\".", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ Zach Braff portrays Dr. John Michael \"J.D.\"", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ Dorian, the show's original protagonist and narrator.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ J.D.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ begins the series as a staff intern, progressing to resident and then attending physician.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ His voice-over to the series comes from his internal thoughts and often features surreal fantasies.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ J.D.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ was a recurring character in Season 9, though he was still considered to be the protagonist of the episodes in which he appeared.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ Braff received top billing as a main cast member in each of his appearances for that season.", "Janitor (Scrubs) __knowledge__ The Janitor is a fictional character, played by actor Neil Flynn in the American comedy-drama \"Scrubs\".", "Janitor (Scrubs) __knowledge__ Though he is a janitor at Sacred Heart, he is rarely referred to as \"the\" janitor, but rather just called Janitor.", "Janitor (Scrubs) __knowledge__ Neil Flynn was originally billed as a recurring guest star throughout Season 1, although he appeared in all 24 episodes of that season.", "Janitor (Scrubs) __knowledge__ He was promoted to a series regular beginning with Season 2 and remained a regular through to Season 8.", "Janitor (Scrubs) __knowledge__ He made his final appearance in the Season 9 premiere, \"Our First Day of School\", as a guest star.", "Janitor (Scrubs) __knowledge__ Janitor appeared in every episode during the first eight seasons except Season 2's \"My Lucky Day\" and Season 8's \"My Last Words\", \"My Absence\" and \"My Full Moon\".", "Space Quest __knowledge__ Space Quest is a series of six comic science fiction computer adventure games released between 1986 and 1995.", "Space Quest __knowledge__ The games follow the adventures of a hapless janitor named Roger Wilco as he campaigns through the galaxy for \"truth, justice and really clean floors\".", "Space Quest __knowledge__ Initially created for Sierra On-Line by Mark Crowe and Scott Murphy (who called themselves the \"Two Guys from Andromeda\"), the games parodied both science fiction properties such as \"Star Wars\" and \"Star Trek\" (the theme song itself is a parody of the \"Star Wars\" theme), as well as pop-culture phenomena from McDonald's to Microsoft.", "Space Quest __knowledge__ The series featured a silly sense of humor heavily reliant on puns and wacky storylines.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ \"30 Rock\" is an American television comedy series created by Tina Fey, which aired on NBC.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series takes place behind the scenes of a fictional live sketch comedy series, also airing on NBC; the name \"30 Rock\" refers to the address of the GE Building, where NBC Studios is located (30 Rockefeller Plaza).", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series has an ensemble cast consisting of 14 regular cast members: Tina Fey, Alec Baldwin, Tracy Morgan, Jane Krakowski, Jack McBrayer, Scott Adsit, Judah Friedlander, Katrina Bowden, Keith Powell, Lonny Ross, John Lutz, Kevin Brown, Grizz Chapman, and Maulik Pancholy.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series features seven characters appearing during the opening credits: There are another seven characters not appearing during the opening credits but also receiving star billing.", "Justus Hiddes Halbertsma __knowledge__ Justus Hiddes Halbertsma, West Frisian form: Joast Hiddes Halbertsma, pron.", "Justus Hiddes Halbertsma __knowledge__ [jo.ǝst ˈhɪdəs ˈhɔlbǝtsma] (the r is silent); Dutch form: Joost Hiddes Halbertsma, pron.", "Justus Hiddes Halbertsma __knowledge__ [joːst ˈhɪdəs ˈhalbǝrtsma] (October 23, 1789 in Grou – February 27, 1869 in Deventer), was a Dutch Frisian writer, poet, minister, lexicographer and linguist.", "Justus Hiddes Halbertsma __knowledge__ Today, he is primarily known for the poetry and short story collection \"De Lapekoer fan Gabe Skroar\", which he wrote with his brother Eeltsje, publishing the first edition in 1822.", "Justus Hiddes Halbertsma __knowledge__ Afterwards, this work was continually expanded, and also came to include contributions by a third brother, Tsjalling, until all the Halbertsma Brothers' prose and poetry was posthumously collected in 1871 to become the famous work \"Rimen en Teltsjes\".", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Pixar franchise \"Cars\", as well as the Disney franchise \"Planes\", which is set in the same fictional universe: Lightning McQueen, often referred to as \"McQueen\", is the main character in \"Cars\" and \"Cars 3\".", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Owen Wilson.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ McQueen is not modeled directly after a specific make and model, although his design contains some elements inspired by the Chevrolet Corvette C6.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ His Corvette lineage is further suggested by the \"retro\" paint scheme he acquires in Radiator Springs, which resembles that of a Corvette C1.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ Mack (voiced by John Ratzenberger) is a 1985 Mack Super-Liner bearing license plate \"RUSTEZ3\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Ma'alot-Tarshiha (; , \"Maʻālūt Taršīḥā\") is a mixed city in the North District in Israel, some east of Nahariya, about above sea level.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The city was established in 1963 through a municipal merger of the Arab town of Tarshiha and the Jewish town of Ma'alot.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ In the city has a population of .", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Excavations of a 4th-century burial cave in the village unearthed a cross and a piece of glass engraved with a menorah.", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ Crusader sources from the 12th and 13th century refer to Tarshiha as \"Terschia,\" \"Torsia\" and \"Tersigha.\"", "Ma'alot-Tarshiha __knowledge__ The King had initiated the settlement of Crusader (\"Latin\", \"Frankish\") people in nearby Mi'ilya (\"Castellum Regis\"), and from there settlement spread out to Tarshiha.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot () is a town and nagar panchayat in the Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh, India.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is located at .", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot has a population of 40,948.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a tehsil place and a small town; it is a tahsil of Ratlam district and the hometown to Jangalwa Dynasty.", "Alot __knowledge__ It is on the route of the Delhi–Bombay railway track.", "Alot __knowledge__ Through trade routes Jewellers and Businessman established themselves in the town before the 17th century and flourished businesses in ginning and jewellery.", "Alot __knowledge__ A glimpse of the business lifestyle during that era can still be found in the historical town.", "Alot __knowledge__ Alot is a main station for Jain ; many Jain people go there daily for the darshan of Lord Jain Swetamber.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ The Ma'alot massacre was a Palestinian terrorist attack that occurred in May 1974 and involved a two-day hostage-taking of 115 Israeli people which ended in the murders of over 25 hostages.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ It began when three armed members of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP) entered Israel from Lebanon.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ Soon afterwards they attacked a van, killing two Israeli Arab women while injuring a third and entered an apartment building in the town of Ma'alot, where they killed a couple and their four-year-old son.", "Ma'alot massacre __knowledge__ From there, they headed for the Netiv Meir Elementary School, where they took more than 115 people (including 105 children) hostage on 15 May 1974, in Ma'alot.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna () is an Israeli settlement and neighborhood in Jerusalem that sits partly in East Jerusalem and in a territory that was no man's land before the Six Day war.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ It borders the neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to the west, Ammunition Hill to the east, Ramat Eshkol to the north and Arzei HaBira to the south.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ The international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.", "Ma'alot Dafna __knowledge__ Ma'alot Dafna was established in 1972 on the hillside through which Israeli troops in the Six Day War made their way from the Israeli neighborhood of Shmuel HaNavi to fight the Arab Legion troops at the Battle of Ammunition Hill.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ Music from Another Dimension!", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ is the fifteenth studio album by American rock band Aerosmith, released on November 6, 2012 by Columbia Records.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ This is their first studio album since 2004's \"Honkin' on Bobo\" and the first to feature all-new material since 2001's \"Just Push Play\", marking the longest gap between Aerosmith's studio albums.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ The album was released in a single CD edition, along with a deluxe version.", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ It is the last album in Aerosmith's current recording contract with Sony/Columbia Records and was produced by Jack Douglas, Steven Tyler, Joe Perry and Marti Frederiksen (three tracks).", "Music from Another Dimension! __knowledge__ The album includes the singles, \"Legendary Child\", \"Lover Alot\", \"What Could Have Been Love\", and \"Can't Stop Lovin' You\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life, epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture and society, television, and the human condition.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family, substituting Bart for his own name.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The shorts became a part of \"The Tracey Ullman Show\" on April 19, 1987.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ After a three-season run, the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became an early hit for Fox, becoming the network's first series to land in the Top 30 ratings in a season (1989–90).", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Since its debut on December 17, 1989, episodes of \"The Simpsons\" have been broadcast.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Its 29th season began on October 1, 2017.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ It is the longest-running American sitcom and the longest-running American animated program, and, in 2009, it surpassed \"Gunsmoke\" as the longest-running American scripted primetime television series.", "Kitana __knowledge__ Kitana (also known as Princess Kitana and Lady Kitana) is a fictional character from the \"Mortal Kombat\" media franchise, where she was introduced as one of the new player characters in the fighting game \"Mortal Kombat II\" in 1993.", "Kitana __knowledge__ Since then, Kitana appeared in a majority of \"Mortal Kombat\" series' video games and its other media, including the films \"Mortal Kombat\" and \"\", and the series \"\", \"\" and \"\", becoming one of the most popular and recognizable elements of the franchise.", "Kitana __knowledge__ One of the lead characters of the \"Mortal Kombat\" saga, Kitana is the princess of the otherworldly realm of Edenia and the biological daughter of Queen Sindel, as well as an adopted daughter of the evil Emperor Shao Kahn.", "Doctor Who fandom __knowledge__ The long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who has developed a very large, loyal and devoted fan base over the years.", "Doctor Who fandom __knowledge__ \"Doctor Who\" fans are sometimes referred to as Whovians, or simply as the Doctor Who Fandom.", "Doctor Who fandom __knowledge__ The usage of \"Whovian\" was restricted to fans in the United States during the 1980s, when the \"Doctor Who Fan Club of America\" (pronounced by members as Dwifca – now defunct) published the \"Whovian Times\" as its newsletter.", "Doctor Who fandom __knowledge__ An early use of 'Whovian', outside of the 'Whovian Times', is from Flaming Carrot Comics issue number 19 (circa 1988), when Flaming Carrot leads a combined group of Trekkies and Whovians into rebellion.", "List of Major League Baseball mascots __knowledge__ This is a list of current and former Major League Baseball mascots, sorted alphabetically.", "List of Major League Baseball mascots __knowledge__ The tradition in the Major League Baseball mascot began with Mr. Met, introduced for the New York Mets when Shea Stadium opened in 1964.", "List of Major League Baseball mascots __knowledge__ Although some mascots came and went over time, the popularity of mascots increased when The San Diego Chicken started independently making appearances at San Diego Padres games in 1977.", "List of Major League Baseball mascots __knowledge__ Philadelphia Phillies management felt they needed a mascot similar to the Chicken, so they debuted the Phillie Phanatic in 1978.", "List of Major League Baseball mascots __knowledge__ Today, all but three major-league teams have \"official\" mascots (Dodgers, Yankees, and Angels).", "Pianotarium __knowledge__ Pianotarium is a piano tribute album to Metallica by Scott D. Davis.", "Pianotarium __knowledge__ It contains eight piano covers of Metallica songs and three original compositions.", "Pianotarium __knowledge__ Davis had been a Metallica fan since his teenage years; explaining the genesis of the album to the \"Sacramento News & Review\", he said: \"I’ve been a huge Metallica fan since I was 14, and have wanted to do this album for a long time.", "Pianotarium __knowledge__ I had a hunch that their music could sound really amazing on the piano.", "Pianotarium __knowledge__ There’s a great deal of beauty in Metallica’s music, and I wanted the piano arrangements to highlight that quality, to bring forth many of the harmonies and intricacies that have always set Metallica apart.", "Dell XPS 730x __knowledge__ The Dell XPS 730x is an eXtreme Performance System for gaming and high-performance computing released November 16, 2008 and ended life in August 2009.", "Dell XPS 730x __knowledge__ The XPS 730 series was unique in that they had user-servicable non-proprietary standard ATX-size computer components that allowed the user to upgrade the components through an Exchange Program.", "Dell XPS 730x __knowledge__ \"Need history details based on XPS 700 \"User Upgradable\" series\" There were a number of differences between the 730 and 730x series.", "Dell XPS 730x __knowledge__ Dell warranty support will be available until August 2012.", "Dell XPS 730x __knowledge__ Dell stopped internal development support for the XPS 730x in August, 2009 and has not released any updated BIOS nor software since.", "Seeley Booth __knowledge__ Seeley Joseph Booth is a fictional character in the US television series \"Bones\" (2005–2017), portrayed by David Boreanaz.", "Seeley Booth __knowledge__ Agent Booth is a co-protagonist of the series with his wife Dr. Temperance Brennan (Emily Deschanel), whom he affectionately refers to as \"Bones\".", "Seeley Booth __knowledge__ The character made an appearance in the \"Sleepy Hollow\" episode \"Dead Men Tell No Tales\" as part of a two-part Halloween cross-over with \"Bones\".", "Seeley Booth __knowledge__ Booth is from Philadelphia but was raised in Pittsburgh.", "Seeley Booth __knowledge__ He is a fan of the Philadelphia Flyers hockey team; pictures of the team hang on the back wall of his office, as well as he has been seen wearing a Flyers T-shirt in several episodes he also proceeded to watch a Flyers game at a funeral.", "Matt Harvey __knowledge__ Matthew Edward Harvey (born March 27, 1989) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the New York Mets of Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Matt Harvey __knowledge__ Harvey previously played at Fitch Senior High School in Groton, Connecticut.", "Matt Harvey __knowledge__ After being drafted in the third round of the 2007 MLB draft by the Los Angeles Angels, he was drafted again in the 2010 MLB draft by the Mets as the seventh overall pick.", "Matt Harvey __knowledge__ In his major league debut on July 26, 2012, against the Arizona Diamondbacks, Harvey set a new club record with 11 strikeouts while earning his first career victory.", "Matt Harvey __knowledge__ Harvey had a breakout season in 2013, being selected to play in his first Major League Baseball All-Star Game.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ Alfred Matthew \"Weird Al\" Yankovic ( ; born October 23, 1959) is an American singer, songwriter, parodist, record producer, satirist, actor, voice actor, music video director, film producer, and author.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ He is known for his humorous songs that make light of popular culture and often parody specific songs by contemporary musical acts, original songs that are style pastiches of the work of other acts, and polka medleys of several popular songs, featuring his favored instrument, the accordion.", ""Weird Al" Yankovic __knowledge__ Since his first-aired comedy song in 1976, he has sold more than 12 million albums (), recorded more than 150 parody and original songs, and has performed more than 1,000 live shows.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ Mircea Eliade (; – April 22, 1986) was a Romanian historian of religion, fiction writer, philosopher, and professor at the University of Chicago.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ He was a leading interpreter of religious experience, who established paradigms in religious studies that persist to this day.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ His theory that \"hierophanies\" form the basis of religion, splitting the human experience of reality into sacred and profane space and time, has proved influential.", "Mircea Eliade __knowledge__ One of his most influential contributions to religious studies was his theory of \"Eternal Return\", which holds that myths and rituals do not simply commemorate hierophanies, but, at least to the minds of the religious, actually participate in them.", "Jimmy the Kid __knowledge__ Jimmy the Kid is a 1982 American comedy film starring Gary Coleman and Paul Le Mat.", "Jimmy the Kid __knowledge__ It was directed by Gary Nelson, produced by Ronald Jacobs, and released on November 12, 1982 by New World Pictures.", "Jimmy the Kid __knowledge__ Following 1981's \"On the Right Track\", it was second theatrical film release starring Coleman.", "Jimmy the Kid __knowledge__ The film was based on the 1974 novel of the same name by Donald E. Westlake.", "Jimmy the Kid __knowledge__ It was the third book of Westlake's Dortmunder series.", "Jimmy the Kid __knowledge__ One of the shooting locations was Bob Hope's Malibu Canyon plantation.", "Jimmy the Kid __knowledge__ \"Jimmy the Kid\" grossed $5 million at the box office.", "Jimmy the Kid __knowledge__ Overall, critical reception of the family-friendly comedy was on the negative side.", "Pessimism __knowledge__ Pessimism is a mental attitude displayed by negative individuals.", "Pessimism __knowledge__ Pessimists anticipate undesirable outcomes from a given situation, which is generally referred to as situational pessimism, or believe that undesirable things are going to happen to them in life more than desirable ones.", "Pessimism __knowledge__ Pessimists also tend to focus on the negatives of life in general or a given situation.", "Pessimism __knowledge__ The most common example of this phenomenon is the \"Is the glass half empty or half full?\"", "Pessimism __knowledge__ situation.", "Pessimism __knowledge__ In this situation a pessimist is said to see the glass as half empty while an optimist is said to see the glass as half full.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life, epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture and society, television, and the human condition.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family, substituting Bart for his own name.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The shorts became a part of \"The Tracey Ullman Show\" on April 19, 1987.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ After a three-season run, the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became an early hit for Fox, becoming the network's first series to land in the Top 30 ratings in a season (1989–90).", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Since its debut on December 17, 1989, episodes of \"The Simpsons\" have been broadcast.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Its 29th season began on October 1, 2017.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ It is the longest-running American sitcom and the longest-running American animated program, and, in 2009, it surpassed \"Gunsmoke\" as the longest-running American scripted primetime television series.", "Treehouse of Horror XIII __knowledge__ \"Treehouse of Horror XIII\" is the first episode of \"The Simpsons\"' fourteenth season and the thirteenth Halloween episode.", "Treehouse of Horror XIII __knowledge__ It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on November 3, 2002, three days after Halloween.", "Treehouse of Horror XIII __knowledge__ It is the second Treehouse of Horror to have a zombie related segment, and the last Treehouse of Horror to have three separate writers credited for writing three stories (starting with \"Treehouse of Horror XIV\", only one writer is credited for writing the three stories).", "Treehouse of Horror XIII __knowledge__ In the episode, Homer buys a magic hammock that can create duplicates of anyone who lies in it in \"Send in the Clones\"; Lisa's call to end gun violence resurrects undead outlaws in \"The Fright to Creep and Scare Harms\"; and Dr. Hibbert invites everyone in Springfield to his island resort where everyone is turned into half-man, half-animal hybrids in \"The Island of Dr. Hibbert\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "A Date for Mad Mary __knowledge__ A Date for Mad Mary is a 2016 Irish drama film, directed by Darren Thornton.", "A Date for Mad Mary __knowledge__ It won two Irish Film & Television Awards, including Best Film.", "A Date for Mad Mary __knowledge__ The film is adapted from Yasmine Akram's one-woman play \"10 Dates with Mad Mary\" (2010).", "A Date for Mad Mary __knowledge__ Darren Thornton, who directed the original play, adapted and directed this, along with his brother Colin.", "A Date for Mad Mary __knowledge__ \"Mad\" Mary McArdle is released from prison and tries to reconnect with friends in Drogheda.", "A Date for Mad Mary __knowledge__ Her best friend Charlene is getting married and Mary seeks a date to bring to her wedding.", "A Date for Mad Mary __knowledge__ \"A Date for Mad Mary\" premiered at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival in the Czech Republic on 2 July 2016.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ Springfield is the fictional town in which the American animated sitcom \"The Simpsons\" is set.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ A mid-sized town in an undetermined state of the United States, Springfield acts as a complete universe in which characters can explore the issues faced by modern society.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ The geography of the town and its surroundings is flexible, changing to address whatever an episode's plot calls for.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ Springfield's location is impossible to determine, and the show is deliberately evasive on the subject, providing contradictory clues and information about its location.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ Springfield is intended to represent \"anytown, USA\" and not be a specific real town, although the producers acknowledge basing the town on numerous locations including \"The Simpsons\" creator Matt Groening's hometown of Portland, Oregon, and Mike Scully's hometown, Springfield, Massachusetts.", "The Computer Wore Menace Shoes __knowledge__ “The Computer Wore Menace Shoes\" is the sixth episode of \"The Simpsons\"' twelfth season.", "The Computer Wore Menace Shoes __knowledge__ It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on December 3, 2000.", "The Computer Wore Menace Shoes __knowledge__ In the episode, Homer buys a computer and creates his own website to spread gossip and fake news.", "The Computer Wore Menace Shoes __knowledge__ However, when Homer starts writing conspiracy theories about flu shots, he gets sent to an island where people who know too much are imprisoned.", "The Computer Wore Menace Shoes __knowledge__ \"The Computer Wore Menace Shoes\" was written by John Swartzwelder and directed by Mark Kirkland.", "The Computer Wore Menace Shoes __knowledge__ The title of the episode is a reference to the 1969 film \"The Computer Wore Tennis Shoes\", but the episode is not related to the film in any other way.", "Homer Simpson __knowledge__ Homer Jay Simpson is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the American animated sitcom \"The Simpsons\" as the patriarch of the eponymous family.", "Homer Simpson __knowledge__ He is voiced by Dan Castellaneta and first appeared on television, along with the rest of his family, in \"The Tracey Ullman Show\" short \"Good Night\" on April 19, 1987.", "Homer Simpson __knowledge__ Homer was created and designed by cartoonist Matt Groening while he was waiting in the lobby of James L. Brooks' office.", "Homer Simpson __knowledge__ Groening had been called to pitch a series of shorts based on his comic strip \"Life in Hell\" but instead decided to create a new set of characters.", "Homer Simpson __knowledge__ He named the character after his father, Homer Groening.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Bart Simpson __knowledge__ Bartholomew JoJo \"Bart\" Simpson is a fictional character in the American animated television series \"The Simpsons\" and part of the Simpson family.", "Bart Simpson __knowledge__ He is voiced by Nancy Cartwright and first appeared on television in \"The Tracey Ullman Show\" short \"Good Night\" on April 19, 1987.", "Bart Simpson __knowledge__ Cartoonist Matt Groening created and designed Bart while waiting in the lobby of James L. Brooks' office.", "Bart Simpson __knowledge__ Groening had been called to pitch a series of shorts based on his comic strip, \"Life in Hell\", but instead decided to create a new set of characters.", "Bart Simpson __knowledge__ While the rest of the characters were named after Groening's family members, Bart's name is an anagram of the word \"brat\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ \"Sexy\" is the fifteenth episode of the second season of the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\", and the thirty-seventh episode overall.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ It was written by Brad Falchuk, directed by Ryan Murphy, and first aired on the Fox network on March 8, 2011.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ The episode mainly revolves around the topics of sex and adolescent sexuality.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ In it, Holly Holliday (Gwyneth Paltrow) returns to McKinley High School as a substitute teacher in a class devoted to sex education.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ Glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) begins to develop feelings for Holly, and guidance counselor and celibacy club advisor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays) is less than pleased with Holly's lessons.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris Bueller's Day Off is a 1986 American teen comedy film written, co-produced, and directed by John Hughes, and co-produced by Tom Jacobson.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ The film stars Matthew Broderick as Ferris Bueller, a high-school slacker who spends a day off from school, with Mia Sara and Alan Ruck.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris regularly \"breaks the fourth wall\" to explain techniques and inner thoughts.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Hughes wrote the screenplay in less than a week.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Filming began in September 1985 and finished in November 1985.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Featuring many landmarks, including the Sears Tower and the Art Institute of Chicago, the film was Hughes' love letter to Chicago: \"I really wanted to capture as much of Chicago as I could." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life, epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture and society, television, and the human condition.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family, substituting Bart for his own name.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ The shorts became a part of \"The Tracey Ullman Show\" on April 19, 1987.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ After a three-season run, the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became an early hit for Fox, becoming the network's first series to land in the Top 30 ratings in a season (1989–90).", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Since its debut on December 17, 1989, episodes of \"The Simpsons\" have been broadcast.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ Its 29th season began on October 1, 2017.", "The Simpsons __knowledge__ It is the longest-running American sitcom and the longest-running American animated program, and, in 2009, it surpassed \"Gunsmoke\" as the longest-running American scripted primetime television series.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "Trotskyism __knowledge__ Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky.", "Trotskyism __knowledge__ Trotsky identified himself as an orthodox Marxist and Bolshevik–Leninist and supported founding a vanguard party of the proletariat, proletarian internationalism and a dictatorship of the proletariat based on working class self-emancipation and mass democracy.", "Trotskyism __knowledge__ Trotskyists are critical of Stalinism, as they oppose Stalin's theory of Socialism in One Country in favor of Trotsky's theory of Permanent Revolution.", "Trotskyism __knowledge__ Trotskyists also criticize the bureaucracy that developed in the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin.", "Trotskyism __knowledge__ Vladimir Lenin and Trotsky were close both ideologically and personally during the Russian Revolution and its aftermath and some call Trotsky its \"co-leader\".", "History of socialism __knowledge__ The history of socialism has its origins in the French Revolution of 1789 and the changes which it wrought, although it has precedents in earlier movements and ideas.", "History of socialism __knowledge__ The \"Communist Manifesto\" was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in 1848 just before the Revolutions of 1848 swept Europe, expressing what they termed \"scientific socialism\".", "History of socialism __knowledge__ In the last third of the 19th century, Social Democratic parties arose in Europe, drawing mainly from Marxism.", "History of socialism __knowledge__ The Australian Labor Party was the world's first elected socialist party when the party won the 1899 Queensland state election.", "History of socialism __knowledge__ In the first half of the twentieth century, the Soviet Union and the Communist parties of the Third International around the world mainly came to represent socialism in terms of the Soviet model of economic development, the creation of centrally planned economies directed by a state that owns all the means of production, although other trends condemned what they saw as the lack of democracy.", "Capitalism __knowledge__ Capitalism is an economic system and ideology based upon private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit.", "Capitalism __knowledge__ Characteristics central to capitalism include private property, capital accumulation, wage labor, voluntary exchange, a price system and competitive markets.", "Capitalism __knowledge__ In a capitalist market economy, decision-making and investment are determined by every owner of wealth, property or production ability in financial and capital markets, whereas prices and the distribution of goods and services are mainly determined by competition in goods and services markets.", "Capitalism __knowledge__ Economists, political economists, sociologists, and historians have adopted different perspectives in their analyses of capitalism and have recognized various forms of it in practice.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Karl Marx __knowledge__ Karl Marx (; ; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a philosopher, economist, historian, political theorist, sociologist, journalist and revolutionary socialist.", "Karl Marx __knowledge__ Born in Trier to a middle-class family, Marx later studied political economy and Hegelian philosophy.", "Karl Marx __knowledge__ As an adult, Marx became stateless and spent much of his life in London, where he continued to develop his thought in collaboration with German thinker Friedrich Engels and published various works.", "Karl Marx __knowledge__ His two most well-known are the 1848 pamphlet \"The Communist Manifesto\" and the three-volume \"Das Kapital\".", "Karl Marx __knowledge__ His work has since influenced subsequent intellectual, economic and political history.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ The Shiva sahasranama is a \"list of a thousand names\" of Shiva, one of the most important deities in Hinduism.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ In Hindu tradition a sahasranama is a type of devotional hymn (Sanskrit: \"stotra\") listing many names of a deity.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ The names provide an exhaustive catalog of the attributes, functions, and major mythology associated with the figure being praised.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ The Shiva Sahasranama is found in Shiv Mahapuran and many other scriptures such as Linga Purana.", "Shiva Sahasranama __knowledge__ As per Shiv Mahapuran when Vishnu was unable to defeat the demons after many attempts he prayed to Shiv who granted him the Sudarshan Chakra for fighting the demons.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ Le ravissement de Lol V. Stein is a novel written by Marguerite Duras and published in France by Gallimard in 1964.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was translated by Richard Seaver and published as \"The Ravishing of Lol Stein\" in the US by Grove Press in 1966.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was also translated by Eileen Ellenbogen in the UK as \"The rapture of Lol V. Stein\" for Hamish Hamilton in 1967.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ At the beginning of the novel, Lol Stein (her middle initial is omitted in the English translation) is a woman in her thirties.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ She was born and raised in South Tahla in a bourgeois family and is engaged to Michael Richardson at 19.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ However, at a ball in the seaside resort of Town Beach, Michael Richardson leaves Lol for Anne-Marie Stretter, an older woman.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ This Is England '88 is a 2011 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne as a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ It is also a sequel to the 2010 television sequel-series \"This Is England '86\", set two and a half years later and starring as previously Thomas Turgoose as Shaun, Vicky McClure as Lol and Joe Gilgun as Woody.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Set during Christmas 1988, Lol is haunted by the devastating events that took place two and a half years before.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ She and Woody both find themselves struggling to cope with their lives without each other after he leaves the gang.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Lol is carrying the burden of her guilt, whilst Woody is trying to build a domestic life with a new girlfriend and a potential promotion at work.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith." ] ]

[ 9, 3, 5, 2, 1 ]

[ "Yes it is! The 29th season began in October 2017!!! That is alot of seasons!", "Yes he is pretty funny! This show parodies American society and the human condition very well!!", "Oh yeah, I grew up watching it. I think its really cool that the writer created a dysfunctional family and actually named everyone after real members of his own family, placing himself as Bart!", "Yes lol. ITs a satrical depiction of life in the working class!", "Yes thats good! I suppose thats how Matt Groening grew up likewise." ]

[ "The Simpsons", "The Simpsons", "The Simpsons", "The Simpsons", "The Simpsons" ]

[ "Library", "I haven't been to library in years.", "I hope they keep the libraries. I'm sure a lot of people benefit from them if they don't have internet." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Library __knowledge__ A library is a collection of sources of information and similar resources, made accessible to a defined community for reference or borrowing.", "Library __knowledge__ It provides physical or digital access to material, and may be a physical building or room, or a virtual space, or both.", "Library __knowledge__ A library's collection can include books, periodicals, newspapers, manuscripts, films, maps, prints, documents, microform, CDs, cassettes, videotapes, DVDs, Blu-ray Discs, e-books, audiobooks, databases, and other formats.", "Library __knowledge__ Libraries range in size from a few shelves of books to several million items.", "Library __knowledge__ In Latin and Greek, the idea of a bookcase is represented by \"Bibliotheca\" and \"Bibliothēkē\" (Greek: βιβλιοθήκη): derivatives of these mean \"library\" in many modern languages, e.g.", "Library __knowledge__ French \"bibliothèque\".", "Library __knowledge__ The first libraries consisted of archives of the earliest form of writing—the clay tablets in cuneiform script discovered in Sumer, some dating back to 2600 BC.", "Library __knowledge__ Private or personal libraries made up of written books appeared in classical Greece in the 5th century BC.", "Library __knowledge__ In the 6th century, at the very close of the Classical period, the great libraries of the Mediterranean world remained those of Constantinople and Alexandria.", "Library __knowledge__ A library is organized for use and maintained by a public body, an institution, a corporation, or a private individual." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Library __knowledge__ A library is a collection of sources of information and similar resources, made accessible to a defined community for reference or borrowing.", "Library __knowledge__ It provides physical or digital access to material, and may be a physical building or room, or a virtual space, or both.", "Library __knowledge__ A library's collection can include books, periodicals, newspapers, manuscripts, films, maps, prints, documents, microform, CDs, cassettes, videotapes, DVDs, Blu-ray Discs, e-books, audiobooks, databases, and other formats.", "Library __knowledge__ Libraries range in size from a few shelves of books to several million items.", "Library __knowledge__ In Latin and Greek, the idea of a bookcase is represented by \"Bibliotheca\" and \"Bibliothēkē\" (Greek: βιβλιοθήκη): derivatives of these mean \"library\" in many modern languages, e.g.", "Library __knowledge__ French \"bibliothèque\".", "Library __knowledge__ The first libraries consisted of archives of the earliest form of writing—the clay tablets in cuneiform script discovered in Sumer, some dating back to 2600 BC.", "Library __knowledge__ Private or personal libraries made up of written books appeared in classical Greece in the 5th century BC.", "Library __knowledge__ In the 6th century, at the very close of the Classical period, the great libraries of the Mediterranean world remained those of Constantinople and Alexandria.", "Library __knowledge__ A library is organized for use and maintained by a public body, an institution, a corporation, or a private individual.", "Public library advocacy __knowledge__ Public library advocacy is support given to a public library for its financial and philosophical goals or needs.", "Public library advocacy __knowledge__ Most often this takes the form of monetary or material donations or campaigning to the institutions which oversee the library.", "Public library advocacy __knowledge__ Originally, library advocacy was centered on the library itself, but current trends show libraries positioning themselves to demonstrate they provide \"economic value to the community.\"", "Public library advocacy __knowledge__ Letter writing campaigns are chiefly intended to inform law makers, library officials, and citizens about the ramifications of decisions regarding public libraries and to promote library-related causes.", "Library of Congress __knowledge__ The Library of Congress (LOC) is the research library that officially serves the United States Congress and is the \"de facto\" national library of the United States.", "Library of Congress __knowledge__ It is the oldest federal cultural institution in the United States.", "Library of Congress __knowledge__ The Library is housed in three buildings on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C.; it also maintains the Packard Campus in Culpeper, Virginia, which houses the National Audio-Visual Conservation Center.", "Library of Congress __knowledge__ The Library of Congress claims to be the largest library in the world.", "Library of Congress __knowledge__ Its \"collections are universal, not limited by subject, format, or national boundary, and include research materials from all parts of the world and in more than 450 languages.", "Public library __knowledge__ A public library is a library that is accessible by the general public and is generally funded from public sources, such as taxes.", "Public library __knowledge__ It is operated by librarians and library paraprofessionals, who are also civil servants.", "Public library __knowledge__ There are five fundamental characteristics shared by public libraries.", "Public library __knowledge__ The first is that they are generally supported by taxes (usually local, though any level of government can and may contribute); they are governed by a board to serve the public interest; they are open to all, and every community member can access the collection; they are entirely voluntary in that no one is ever forced to use the services provided; and they provide basic services without charge.", "D. H. Hill Library __knowledge__ The D. H. Hill Library is the main library at North Carolina State University.", "D. H. Hill Library __knowledge__ It is the third building to house NCSU Libraries, following Brooks Hall and Holladay Hall.", "D. H. Hill Library __knowledge__ The current building, situated on the Hillsborough Street edge of North Campus, is the result of four stages of construction, and houses the majority of the volumes in NC State's collection.", "D. H. Hill Library __knowledge__ As of 2013, the NCSU Libraries are the 50th largest library system in the United States, the 37th largest academic library system in the U.S. and the 26th largest public university library system, respectively.", "D. H. Hill Library __knowledge__ As of 2016, the system's total holdings amount to over 5.2 million volumes, 90,000 electronic journal subscriptions, approximately 1,000 print subscriptions, 568 bibliographic databases, and access to over 1 million electronic books.", "History of libraries __knowledge__ The history of libraries collections of documents.", "History of libraries __knowledge__ Topics of interest include accessibility of the collection, acquisition of materials, arrangement and finding tools, the book trade, the influence of the physical properties of the different writing materials, language distribution, role in education, rates of literacy, budgets, staffing, libraries for specially targeted audiences, architectural merit, patterns of usage, and the role of libraries in a nation's cultural heritage, and the role of government, church or private sponsorship.", "History of libraries __knowledge__ Since the 1960s issues of computerization and digitization come to the fore.", "Librarian __knowledge__ A librarian is a person who works professionally in a library, providing access to information and sometimes social or technical programming.", "Librarian __knowledge__ In addition, librarians provide instruction on information literacy.", "Librarian __knowledge__ In the United States and Canada, they are usually required to hold a graduate degree from a library school such as a Master's degree in Library Science or Library and Information Studies.", "Librarian __knowledge__ Traditionally, a librarian is associated with collections of books, as demonstrated by the etymology of the word \"librarian\" (from the Latin \"liber\", \"book\").", "Librarian __knowledge__ The role of a librarian is continually evolving to meet social and technological needs.", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ The digital divide is an economic and social inequality with regard to access to, use of, or impact of information and communication technologies (ICT).", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ Factors causing the divide can vary depending on the country and culture, as can the potential solutions for minimizing or closing the divide.", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ The following is a list of countries that have a digital divide along with contributing factors and steps the country is taking to resolve the issue.", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ The digital divide in Argentina is the term used to describe the technological and connectivity gap between different demographics and regions, specifically the gaps present in the country of Argentina.", "Standard Libraries (CLI) __knowledge__ The Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) includes the Standard Libraries in order to encapsulate a large number of common functions, such as file reading and writing, XML document manipulation, exception handling, application globalization, network communication, threading and reflection, which makes the programmer's job easier.", "Standard Libraries (CLI) __knowledge__ It is much larger in scope than standard libraries for most other languages, including C++, and is comparable in scope and coverage to the standard libraries of Java.", "Standard Libraries (CLI) __knowledge__ The Framework Class Library (FCL) is the origin of the Standard Libraries as the .NET Framework, which includes the FCL, is the first implementation of the CLI.", "British Library __knowledge__ The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom and the second largest library in the world by number of items catalogued.", "British Library __knowledge__ It holds well over 150 million items from many countries.", "British Library __knowledge__ As a legal deposit library, the British Library receives copies of all books produced in the United Kingdom and Ireland, including a significant proportion of overseas titles distributed in the UK.", "British Library __knowledge__ The Library is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.", "British Library __knowledge__ The British Library is a major research library, with items in many languages and in many formats, both print and digital: books, manuscripts, journals, newspapers, magazines, sound and music recordings, videos, play-scripts, patents, databases, maps, stamps, prints, drawings.", "JISC Digitisation Programme __knowledge__ The JISC Digitisation Programme is a series of projects to digitise the cultural heritage and scholarly materials in universities, libraries, museums, archives and others cultural memory organisations in the United Kingdom.", "JISC Digitisation Programme __knowledge__ The programme continues to be managed by the UK's Joint Information Systems Committee.", "JISC Digitisation Programme __knowledge__ JISC supports United Kingdom post-16 and higher education and research in support of learning, teaching, research and administration in the context of ICT.", "JISC Digitisation Programme __knowledge__ The Programme has had three main strands.", "JISC Digitisation Programme __knowledge__ The six projects funded under Phase 1 were the following NewsFilm Online This project has digitised 3,000 hours from the archives of ITN (Independent Television News), featuring clips relating to British and world news from the 1920s to the present day.", "Bibliotheca Alexandrina __knowledge__ The Bibliotheca Alexandrina (; \"\", ) is a major library and cultural center located on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea in the Egyptian city of Alexandria.", "Bibliotheca Alexandrina __knowledge__ It is both a commemoration of the Library of Alexandria that was lost in antiquity, and an attempt to rekindle something of the brilliance that this earlier center of study and erudition represented.", "Bibliotheca Alexandrina __knowledge__ The idea of reviving the old library dates back to 1974, when a committee set up by Alexandria University selected a plot of land for its new library, between the campus and the seafront, close to where the ancient library once stood.", "Bibliotheca Alexandrina __knowledge__ The notion of recreating the ancient library was adopted by other individuals and agencies.", "Kitsap Regional Library __knowledge__ The Kitsap Regional Library is a public library system in Kitsap County, Washington.", "Kitsap Regional Library __knowledge__ Founded in 1944, the library system serves over 260,000 Kitsap residents with nine locations across the county, and through a variety of outreach services, including a bookmobile.", "Kitsap Regional Library __knowledge__ The Library provides access to over 500,000 items in its physical collection as well as access to downloadable eBooks, audiobooks, magazines and music.", "Kitsap Regional Library __knowledge__ Library patrons can also access popular digital resources such as AllData Repair, Ancestry.com, \"Consumer Reports\", Learning Express and Mango Languages.", "Kitsap Regional Library __knowledge__ Kitsap Regional Library is a primarily tax-funded nonprofit organization overseen by a five-member Board of Directors." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Library __knowledge__ A library is a collection of sources of information and similar resources, made accessible to a defined community for reference or borrowing.", "Library __knowledge__ It provides physical or digital access to material, and may be a physical building or room, or a virtual space, or both.", "Library __knowledge__ A library's collection can include books, periodicals, newspapers, manuscripts, films, maps, prints, documents, microform, CDs, cassettes, videotapes, DVDs, Blu-ray Discs, e-books, audiobooks, databases, and other formats.", "Library __knowledge__ Libraries range in size from a few shelves of books to several million items.", "Library __knowledge__ In Latin and Greek, the idea of a bookcase is represented by \"Bibliotheca\" and \"Bibliothēkē\" (Greek: βιβλιοθήκη): derivatives of these mean \"library\" in many modern languages, e.g.", "Library __knowledge__ French \"bibliothèque\".", "Library __knowledge__ The first libraries consisted of archives of the earliest form of writing—the clay tablets in cuneiform script discovered in Sumer, some dating back to 2600 BC.", "Library __knowledge__ Private or personal libraries made up of written books appeared in classical Greece in the 5th century BC.", "Library __knowledge__ In the 6th century, at the very close of the Classical period, the great libraries of the Mediterranean world remained those of Constantinople and Alexandria.", "Library __knowledge__ A library is organized for use and maintained by a public body, an institution, a corporation, or a private individual.", "Public library advocacy __knowledge__ Public library advocacy is support given to a public library for its financial and philosophical goals or needs.", "Public library advocacy __knowledge__ Most often this takes the form of monetary or material donations or campaigning to the institutions which oversee the library.", "Public library advocacy __knowledge__ Originally, library advocacy was centered on the library itself, but current trends show libraries positioning themselves to demonstrate they provide \"economic value to the community.\"", "Public library advocacy __knowledge__ Letter writing campaigns are chiefly intended to inform law makers, library officials, and citizens about the ramifications of decisions regarding public libraries and to promote library-related causes.", "Public library __knowledge__ A public library is a library that is accessible by the general public and is generally funded from public sources, such as taxes.", "Public library __knowledge__ It is operated by librarians and library paraprofessionals, who are also civil servants.", "Public library __knowledge__ There are five fundamental characteristics shared by public libraries.", "Public library __knowledge__ The first is that they are generally supported by taxes (usually local, though any level of government can and may contribute); they are governed by a board to serve the public interest; they are open to all, and every community member can access the collection; they are entirely voluntary in that no one is ever forced to use the services provided; and they provide basic services without charge.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ Since the arrival of early social networking sites in the early 2000s, online social networking platforms have expanded exponentially, with the biggest names in social media in the mid-2010s being Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and SnapChat.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The massive influx of personal information that has become available online and stored in the cloud has put user privacy at the forefront of discussion of the databases ability to safely store such personal information.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The extent to which users and social media platform administrators can access user profiles has become a new topic of ethical consideration and the legality, awareness and boundaries of subsequent privacy violations are critical concerns in the advance of the technological age.", "Sleep apnea __knowledge__ Sleep apnea, also spelled sleep apnoea, is a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing or periods of shallow breathing during sleep.", "Sleep apnea __knowledge__ Each pause can last for a few seconds to a few minutes and they happen many times a night.", "Sleep apnea __knowledge__ In the most common form, this follows loud snoring.", "Sleep apnea __knowledge__ There may be a choking or snorting sound as breathing resumes.", "Sleep apnea __knowledge__ As it disrupts normal sleep, those affected may experience sleepiness or feel tired during the day.", "Sleep apnea __knowledge__ In children it may cause problems in school or hyperactivity.", "Sleep apnea __knowledge__ There are three forms of sleep apnea: obstructive (OSA), central (CSA), and a combination of the two called mixed.", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ The digital divide is an economic and social inequality with regard to access to, use of, or impact of information and communication technologies (ICT).", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ Factors causing the divide can vary depending on the country and culture, as can the potential solutions for minimizing or closing the divide.", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ The following is a list of countries that have a digital divide along with contributing factors and steps the country is taking to resolve the issue.", "Digital divide by country __knowledge__ The digital divide in Argentina is the term used to describe the technological and connectivity gap between different demographics and regions, specifically the gaps present in the country of Argentina.", "Lobbying in the United States __knowledge__ Lobbying in the United States describes paid activity in which special interests hire well-connected professional advocates, often lawyers, to argue for specific legislation in decision-making bodies such as the United States Congress.", "Lobbying in the United States __knowledge__ It is a highly controversial phenomenon, often seen in a negative light by journalists and the American public, with some critics describing it as a legal form of bribery or extortion.", "Lobbying in the United States __knowledge__ While lobbying is subject to extensive and often complex rules which, if not followed, can lead to penalties including jail, the activity of lobbying has been interpreted by court rulings as constitutionally protected free speech and a way to petition the government for the redress of grievances, two of the freedoms protected by the First Amendment of the Constitution.", "History of libraries __knowledge__ The history of libraries collections of documents.", "History of libraries __knowledge__ Topics of interest include accessibility of the collection, acquisition of materials, arrangement and finding tools, the book trade, the influence of the physical properties of the different writing materials, language distribution, role in education, rates of literacy, budgets, staffing, libraries for specially targeted audiences, architectural merit, patterns of usage, and the role of libraries in a nation's cultural heritage, and the role of government, church or private sponsorship.", "History of libraries __knowledge__ Since the 1960s issues of computerization and digitization come to the fore.", "New York Public Library __knowledge__ The New York Public Library (NYPL) is a public library system in New York City.", "New York Public Library __knowledge__ With nearly 53 million items, the New York Public Library is the second largest public library in the United States (behind the Library of Congress), and fourth largest in the world.", "New York Public Library __knowledge__ It is a private, non-governmental, independently managed, nonprofit corporation operating with both private and public financing.", "New York Public Library __knowledge__ The library has branches in the boroughs of Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island, and affiliations with academic and professional libraries in the metropolitan area of New York State.", "New York Public Library __knowledge__ The City of New York's other two boroughs, Brooklyn and Queens, are served by the Brooklyn Public Library and the Queens Library, respectively.", "Friedrich-von-Raumer-Bibliothek __knowledge__ The Friedrich-von-Raumer-Bibliothek (Friedrich von Raumer Library) is a public library in Berlin.", "Friedrich-von-Raumer-Bibliothek __knowledge__ It was founded in 1850 and is located in Berlin's Kreuzberg locality on Dudenstraße.", "Friedrich-von-Raumer-Bibliothek __knowledge__ After several moves the library found its current location in 1955 in a block of flats of the services trade union Ver.Di by and Max Taut.", "Friedrich-von-Raumer-Bibliothek __knowledge__ The library is located in the rotunda, westerly protuding from the block of flats, and in the ground floor of that block.", "Friedrich-von-Raumer-Bibliothek __knowledge__ The Raumer Library is a so-called neighbourhood library (Stadtteilbibliothek) within the Stadtbibliothek Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg (city library of the Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg borough), and as such part of the \"Verbund der Öffentlichen Bibliotheken Berlins\" (VÖBB), the network of public libraries owned by the city-state." ] ]

[ 2, 14, 11 ]

[ "A library provides physical or digital access to material,", "Letter writing campaigns are chiefly intended to inform law makers, library officials, and citizens about the ramifications of decisions regarding public libraries", "Public library advocacy is support given to a public library" ]

[ "Library", "Library", "Library" ]

[ "Beetroot", "No why are they so bad?", "Yeah ", "That's not to bad I don't like the way they taste" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beetroot __knowledge__ The beetroot is the taproot portion of the beet plant, usually known in North America as the beet, also table beet, garden beet, red beet, or golden beet.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ It is one of several of the cultivated varieties of \"Beta vulgaris\" grown for their edible taproots and their leaves (called beet greens).", "Beetroot __knowledge__ These varieties have been classified as \"B. vulgaris\" subsp.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ \"vulgaris\" Conditiva Group.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Other than as a food, beets have use as a food colouring and as a medicinal plant.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Many beet products are made from other \"Beta vulgaris\" varieties, particularly sugar beet.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ \"Beta\" is the ancient Latin name for beets, possibly of Celtic origin, becoming \"bete\" in Old English around 1400.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ From the Middle Ages, beetroot was used as a treatment for a variety of conditions, especially illnesses relating to digestion and the blood.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Bartolomeo Platina recommended taking beetroot with garlic to nullify the effects of \"garlic-breath\".", "Beetroot __knowledge__ During the middle of the 19th century, wine often was coloured with beetroot juice.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Below is a list of several commonly available cultivars of beets.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Generally, 55 to 65 days are needed from germination to harvest of the root.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ All cultivars can be harvested earlier for use as greens.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Unless otherwise noted, the root colours are shades of red and dark red with different degrees of zoning noticeable in slices." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beetroot __knowledge__ The beetroot is the taproot portion of the beet plant, usually known in North America as the beet, also table beet, garden beet, red beet, or golden beet.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ It is one of several of the cultivated varieties of \"Beta vulgaris\" grown for their edible taproots and their leaves (called beet greens).", "Beetroot __knowledge__ These varieties have been classified as \"B. vulgaris\" subsp.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ \"vulgaris\" Conditiva Group.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Other than as a food, beets have use as a food colouring and as a medicinal plant.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Many beet products are made from other \"Beta vulgaris\" varieties, particularly sugar beet.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ \"Beta\" is the ancient Latin name for beets, possibly of Celtic origin, becoming \"bete\" in Old English around 1400.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ From the Middle Ages, beetroot was used as a treatment for a variety of conditions, especially illnesses relating to digestion and the blood.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Bartolomeo Platina recommended taking beetroot with garlic to nullify the effects of \"garlic-breath\".", "Beetroot __knowledge__ During the middle of the 19th century, wine often was coloured with beetroot juice.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Below is a list of several commonly available cultivars of beets.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Generally, 55 to 65 days are needed from germination to harvest of the root.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ All cultivars can be harvested earlier for use as greens.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Unless otherwise noted, the root colours are shades of red and dark red with different degrees of zoning noticeable in slices.", "Bad Religion __knowledge__ Bad Religion is an American punk rock band that formed in Los Angeles, California, in 1980.", "Bad Religion __knowledge__ They make extensive use of three-part vocal harmonies (which they refer to in their album liner notes as the \"oozin' aahs\") and guitar solos, and their lyrics cover many topics, including criticism of religion, political commentary, society in general, dark humor, anti-racism, drugs, freedom, death, personification and equal rights.", "Bad Religion __knowledge__ The band's lineup has changed several times over its lifespan, with lead vocalist Greg Graffin being the only consistent member; the current lineup, however, features three of the band's four original members (Graffin, Brett Gurewitz and Jay Bentley).", "Bad faith __knowledge__ Bad faith (Latin: \"mala fides\") is double mindedness or double heartedness in duplicity, fraud, or deception.", "Bad faith __knowledge__ It may involve intentional deceit of others, or self-deception.", "Bad faith __knowledge__ The expression \"bad faith\" is associated with \"double heartedness\", which is also translated as \"double mindedness\".", "Bad faith __knowledge__ A bad faith belief may be formed through self-deception, being double minded, or \"of two minds\", which is associated with faith, belief, attitude, and loyalty.", "Bad faith __knowledge__ In the 1913 \"Webster’s Dictionary\", bad faith was equated with being double hearted, \"of two hearts\", or \"a sustained form of deception which consists in entertaining or pretending to entertain one set of feelings, and acting as if influenced by another\".", "Bad Romance __knowledge__ \"Bad Romance\" is a song by American singer Lady Gaga from her third extended play, \"The Fame Monster\" (2009).", "Bad Romance __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Gaga and RedOne.", "Bad Romance __knowledge__ Lyrically, \"Bad Romance\" explores Gaga's attraction to individuals with whom romance never works, her preference for lonely relationships and the paranoia she experienced while on tour.", "Bad Romance __knowledge__ Following an illegal demo leak, Gaga showcased the final product at Alexander McQueen's show at the Paris Fashion Week in October 2009, followed by the release of the single's cover art.", "Bad Romance __knowledge__ Musically, \"Bad Romance\" features a spoken bridge, a full-throated chorus and sung lyrics about being in love with one's best friend.", "Strong Bad __knowledge__ Strong Bad is a fictional character from the \"Homestar Runner\" series of animated Flash web cartoons.", "Strong Bad __knowledge__ He is portrayed by Matt Chapman, the principal voice actor and co-founder of the series.", "Strong Bad __knowledge__ Strong Bad enjoys pranking the other characters of the series, along with his ever-diligent lackey pet named \"The Cheat\" and his older brother Strong Mad.", "Strong Bad __knowledge__ The main segment that Strong Bad is a part of is \"\"Strong Bad Email\"\", in which he answers emails sent to him by fans.", "Strong Bad __knowledge__ The \"Strong Bad Email\" series grew to be so popular that seven DVDs featuring the emails have been released, as well as a podcast where emails could be downloaded to digital media players, since its first episode in 2001.", "Bad Kreuznach __knowledge__ Bad Kreuznach () is a town in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.", "Bad Kreuznach __knowledge__ It does not lie within any \"Verbandsgemeinde\", even though it is the seat of the like-named \"Verbandsgemeinde\".", "Bad Kreuznach __knowledge__ Bad Kreuznach is a spa town and the seat of several courts as well as federal and state authorities.", "Bad Kreuznach __knowledge__ Bad Kreuznach is also officially a \"große kreisangehörige Stadt\" (\"large town belonging to a district\"), meaning that it does not have the district-level powers that \"kreisfreie Städte\" (\"district-free towns/cities\") enjoy.", "Bad Kreuznach __knowledge__ It is, nonetheless, the district seat, and also the seat of the state chamber of commerce for Rhineland-Palatinate.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Bad (album) __knowledge__ Bad is the seventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Michael Jackson, released on August 31, 1987 in the United States by Epic Records and internationally by CBS Records.", "Bad (album) __knowledge__ It was released nearly five years after Jackson's previous solo studio album, \"Thriller\" (1982).", "Bad (album) __knowledge__ \"Bad\" was recorded during the first half of 1987.", "Bad (album) __knowledge__ The lyrical themes include media bias, paranoia, racial profiling, romance, self-improvement and world peace.", "Bad (album) __knowledge__ The album cemented Jackson's status as one of the most successful artists of the 1980s.", "Bad (album) __knowledge__ \"Bad\" saw Jackson exercise even more artistic freedom than he did with his two previous Epic releases (\"Off the Wall\" and \"Thriller\"); Jackson composed nine of the album's eleven tracks, and received co-producer credit for the entire album.", "Borscht __knowledge__ Borscht () is a sour soup popular in several Eastern European cuisines, including Ukrainian, Russian, Polish, Belarusian, Lithuanian, Romanian, Ashkenazi Jewish and Armenian cuisines.", "Borscht __knowledge__ The variety most commonly associated with the name in English is of Ukrainian origin and includes beetroots as one of the main ingredients, which gives the dish its distinctive red color.", "Borscht __knowledge__ It shares the name, however, with a wide selection of sour-tasting soups without beetroots, such as sorrel-based green borscht, rye-based white borscht and cabbage borscht.", "Borscht __knowledge__ Borscht derives from an ancient soup originally cooked from pickled stems, leaves and umbels of common hogweed (\"Heracleum sphondylium\"), a herbaceous plant growing in damp meadows, which lent the dish its Slavic name.", "The Bloody Beetroots __knowledge__ The Bloody Beetroots is an Italian electronic dance music group established in late 2006 by Robert Rifo, known professionally as Sir Bob Cornelius Rifo.", "The Bloody Beetroots __knowledge__ The name the Bloody Beetroots is both used as a pseudonym for the solo projects of Sir Bob Cornelius Rifo (production, guitar, keyboards, DJ), as well as his formation with Tommy Tea (sampling).", "The Bloody Beetroots __knowledge__ When performing as a group, they are also referred to as \"Bloody Beetroots DJ Set\".", "The Bloody Beetroots __knowledge__ The duo are well known for their black masks, reminiscent of comic book characters, Spider-Man, Venom, and Grendel, that they wear during performances.", "The Bloody Beetroots __knowledge__ The leader of the band, Sir Bob Cornelius Rifo, was born in 1977 in Bassano del Grappa, Italy.", "Congorock __knowledge__ Rocco Rampino (born 1983 in Lecce), better known as Congorock, is an Italian producer and DJ.", "Congorock __knowledge__ He is best known for his song \"Babylon\" in 2010.", "Congorock __knowledge__ In 2012 Congorock toured with Barbadian R&B singer Rihanna on her \"777 Tour\", at around about the same time there is a Congorock remix of the Rihanna song Diamonds which made Congorock heard to Rihanna.", "Congorock __knowledge__ The song \"Sirius\" with Alle Benassi was included on the soundtrack to Chronicle by Josh Tank.", "Congorock __knowledge__ Congorock is managed by Three Six Zero Group.", "Congorock __knowledge__ In 2007 when moving to Los Angeles in the United States he began working with Bob \"Bloody Beetroots\" Rifo (also from Italy).", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ Beta vulgaris (beet) is a plant which is included in Betoideae subfamily in the Amaranthaceae family.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ It is the economically most important crop of the large order Caryophyllales.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ It has several cultivar groups: the sugar beet, of greatest importance to produce table sugar; the root vegetable known as the beetroot or garden beet; the leaf vegetables chard and spinach beet; and mangelwurzel, which is a fodder crop.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ Three subspecies are typically recognised.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ All cultivars fall into the subspecies \"Beta vulgaris\" subsp.", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ \"vulgaris\".", "Beta vulgaris __knowledge__ The wild ancestor of the cultivated beets is the sea beet (\"Beta vulgaris\" subsp.", "Dim Mak Records __knowledge__ Dim Mak is an independent, Los Angeles-based record label, events company, and lifestyle brand founded by Steve Aoki in 1996.", "Dim Mak Records __knowledge__ The label has released music in punk, indie rock, hardcore, hip hop, and electronic dance musics.", "Dim Mak Records __knowledge__ The label is driven by Aoki’s \"Do It Yourself\" ethos and the company’s \"By Any Means Necessary\" mantra.", "Dim Mak Records __knowledge__ Dim Mak has promoted various artists including The Chainsmokers, The Bloody Beetroots, Max Styler, Bloc Party, The Kills, Battles, The Gossip, Andy's iLL, Klaxons, MSTRKRFT, Felix Cartal, Datsik, and others.", "Dim Mak Records __knowledge__ In 2014, the label made its 500th release with the King Babies EP from The Death Set.", "Mathieu de Dombasle __knowledge__ Mathieu de Dombasle (1777-1843) was a French agronomist.", "Mathieu de Dombasle __knowledge__ He was one of the first French farmers to grow beetroots to producer sugar, until he went bankrupt.", "Mathieu de Dombasle __knowledge__ He invented the Dombasle plough, and he established a model farm in Roville-devant-Bayon.", "Mathieu de Dombasle __knowledge__ He was the author of many books about agriculture.", "Mathieu de Dombasle __knowledge__ Mathieu de Dombasle was born on February 26, 1777 in Nancy, France.", "Mathieu de Dombasle __knowledge__ He served in the French Army.", "Mathieu de Dombasle __knowledge__ De Dombasle grew beetroots in Monplaisir near Nancy to produce sugar as early as 1809.", "Mathieu de Dombasle __knowledge__ He was one of the first farmers to grow beetroots for this purpose in France.", "Mathieu de Dombasle __knowledge__ Five years later, in 1814, he went bankrupt, as the new tariffs made sugarcane more profitable.", "Steve Aoki __knowledge__ Steven Hiroyuki \"Steve\" Aoki (born November 30, 1977) is an American electro house musician, record producer, DJ, and music executive.", "Steve Aoki __knowledge__ In 2012, Pollstar designated Aoki as the highest grossing dance artist in North America from tours.", "Steve Aoki __knowledge__ He has collaborated with producers and vocalists such as will.i.am, Afrojack, LMFAO, Linkin Park, Iggy Azalea, Lil Jon, Laidback Luke, BTS, Louis Tomlinson, and Fall Out Boy and is known for his remixes of artists such as Kid Cudi.", "Steve Aoki __knowledge__ Aoki has released several \"Billboard\"-charting studio albums as well, notably \"Wonderland\", which was nominated for Grammy Award for Best Dance/Electronica Album in 2013." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beetroot __knowledge__ The beetroot is the taproot portion of the beet plant, usually known in North America as the beet, also table beet, garden beet, red beet, or golden beet.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ It is one of several of the cultivated varieties of \"Beta vulgaris\" grown for their edible taproots and their leaves (called beet greens).", "Beetroot __knowledge__ These varieties have been classified as \"B. vulgaris\" subsp.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ \"vulgaris\" Conditiva Group.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Other than as a food, beets have use as a food colouring and as a medicinal plant.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Many beet products are made from other \"Beta vulgaris\" varieties, particularly sugar beet.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ \"Beta\" is the ancient Latin name for beets, possibly of Celtic origin, becoming \"bete\" in Old English around 1400.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ From the Middle Ages, beetroot was used as a treatment for a variety of conditions, especially illnesses relating to digestion and the blood.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Bartolomeo Platina recommended taking beetroot with garlic to nullify the effects of \"garlic-breath\".", "Beetroot __knowledge__ During the middle of the 19th century, wine often was coloured with beetroot juice.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Below is a list of several commonly available cultivars of beets.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Generally, 55 to 65 days are needed from germination to harvest of the root.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ All cultivars can be harvested earlier for use as greens.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Unless otherwise noted, the root colours are shades of red and dark red with different degrees of zoning noticeable in slices.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ (Death Metal Symphony in Deep C) is the sixth studio album by Waltari that combines death metal with classical music.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Originally, \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written as a stage show.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After the show's premiere performance in 1995 at the Helsinki Music Festival, it was recorded and finally released in May 1996.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written by Kärtsy Hatakka between 1992 and 1995.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ By the end of 1994, Hatakka got in contact with Riku Niemi, a Finnish conductor, composer and leader of Avanti!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ symphony orchestra.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After Niemi became involved in the project, Hatakka finalized the work and Niemi arranged it for symphony orchestra.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Bad Taste __knowledge__ Bad Taste is a 1987 science-fiction horror comedy splatter film directed, written, produced, photographed, co-edited by and co-starring Peter Jackson, who also made most of the makeup and special effects.", "Bad Taste __knowledge__ Produced on a low budget, it is Jackson's first feature film.", "Bad Taste __knowledge__ Jackson and friends take on most of the key roles, both on and off-screen.", "Bad Taste __knowledge__ The plotline sees aliens invade the fictional New Zealand village of Kaihoro to harvest humans for their intergalactic fast food franchise, where they face off against a four-man paramilitary force, of which at least one member appears to have gone insane.", "Bad Taste __knowledge__ It was a film that provided Jackson with the necessary leverage needed to advance in the industry.", "Taste __knowledge__ Taste, gustatory perception, or gustation is one of the five traditional senses that belongs to the gustatory system.", "Taste __knowledge__ Taste is the sensation produced when a substance in the mouth reacts chemically with taste receptor cells located on taste buds in the oral cavity, mostly on the tongue.", "Taste __knowledge__ Taste, along with smell (olfaction) and trigeminal nerve stimulation (registering texture, pain, and temperature), determines flavors of food or other substances.", "Taste __knowledge__ Humans have taste receptors on taste buds (gustatory calyculi) and other areas including the upper surface of the tongue and the epiglottis.", "Taste __knowledge__ The gustatory cortex is responsible for the perception of taste.", "Jeno Paulucci __knowledge__ Luigino \"Jeno\" Francesco Paulucci (July 5th, 1918 – November 24, 2011) was an American businessman, investor, and philanthropist.", "Jeno Paulucci __knowledge__ Paulucci started over 70 companies; among the most well-known ventures included his frozen food company, Bellisio Foods, and food products such as Pizza Rolls and the Chun King line of Chinese food.", "Jeno Paulucci __knowledge__ He was also involved in charity work, publishing and public speaking.", "Jeno Paulucci __knowledge__ A self-described \"peddler from the Iron Range\", Paulucci was born in the mining town Hibbing, Minnesota.", "Jeno Paulucci __knowledge__ Paulucci's parents, Ettore and Michelina, had recently moved from Bellisio Solfare, hamlet of Pergola (Marche) Italy and his father was a miner in one of the region's iron mines.", "Taste (sociology) __knowledge__ In sociology, taste is an individual's personal and cultural patterns of choice and preference.", "Taste (sociology) __knowledge__ Taste is drawing distinctions between things such as styles, manners, consumer goods, and works of art and relating to these.", "Taste (sociology) __knowledge__ Social inquiry of taste is about the human ability to judge what is beautiful, good, and proper.", "Taste (sociology) __knowledge__ Social and cultural phenomena concerning taste are closely associated to social relations and dynamics between people.", "Taste (sociology) __knowledge__ The concept of social taste is therefore rarely separated from its accompanying sociological concepts.", "Taste (sociology) __knowledge__ An understanding of taste as something that is expressed in actions between people helps to perceive many social phenomena that would otherwise be inconceivable.", "Deer management __knowledge__ Deer management is the practice and philosophy of wildlife management employed to regulate the population of deer in an area.", "Deer management __knowledge__ The purpose of deer management is to regulate the population's size, reduce negative effects of population on the ecosystem, and maintain the integrity of other populations.", "Deer management __knowledge__ As a deer population grows it will begin to reach the carrying capacity of an ecosystem, causing issues for other plants and wildlife.", "Deer management __knowledge__ Plant life can begin to disappear locally because of browsing.", "Deer management __knowledge__ These local disappearances directly effect the population of that plant species and indirectly effect other wildlife populations that also depend on the plant species for food.", "Seed __knowledge__ A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering.", "Seed __knowledge__ The formation of the seed is part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiosperm plants.", "Seed __knowledge__ Seeds are the product of the ripened ovule, after fertilization by pollen and some growth within the mother plant.", "Seed __knowledge__ The embryo is developed from the zygote and the seed coat from the integuments of the ovule.", "Seed __knowledge__ Seeds have been an important development in the reproduction and success of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants, relative to more primitive plants such as ferns, mosses and liverworts, which do not have seeds and use water-dependent means to propagate themselves.", "Pieris brassicae __knowledge__ Pieris brassicae, the large white, also called cabbage butterfly, cabbage white, cabbage moth (erroneously), or in India the large cabbage white, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae.", "Pieris brassicae __knowledge__ It is a close relative of the small white, \"Pieris rapae\".", "Pieris brassicae __knowledge__ The large white is common throughout Europe, North Africa, Asia even through the Himalayas.", "Pieris brassicae __knowledge__ The large white is common throughout Europe, north Africa, and Asia to the Himalayas often in agricultural areas, meadows and parkland.", "Pieris brassicae __knowledge__ It has managed to establish a population in South Africa and in 1995 it was predicted to spread to Australia and New Zealand.", "Pieris brassicae __knowledge__ The large white is a strong flier and the British population is reinforced in most years by migrations from the continent." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beetroot __knowledge__ The beetroot is the taproot portion of the beet plant, usually known in North America as the beet, also table beet, garden beet, red beet, or golden beet.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ It is one of several of the cultivated varieties of \"Beta vulgaris\" grown for their edible taproots and their leaves (called beet greens).", "Beetroot __knowledge__ These varieties have been classified as \"B. vulgaris\" subsp.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ \"vulgaris\" Conditiva Group.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Other than as a food, beets have use as a food colouring and as a medicinal plant.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Many beet products are made from other \"Beta vulgaris\" varieties, particularly sugar beet.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ \"Beta\" is the ancient Latin name for beets, possibly of Celtic origin, becoming \"bete\" in Old English around 1400.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ From the Middle Ages, beetroot was used as a treatment for a variety of conditions, especially illnesses relating to digestion and the blood.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Bartolomeo Platina recommended taking beetroot with garlic to nullify the effects of \"garlic-breath\".", "Beetroot __knowledge__ During the middle of the 19th century, wine often was coloured with beetroot juice.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Below is a list of several commonly available cultivars of beets.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Generally, 55 to 65 days are needed from germination to harvest of the root.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ All cultivars can be harvested earlier for use as greens.", "Beetroot __knowledge__ Unless otherwise noted, the root colours are shades of red and dark red with different degrees of zoning noticeable in slices.", "Taste __knowledge__ Taste, gustatory perception, or gustation is one of the five traditional senses that belongs to the gustatory system.", "Taste __knowledge__ Taste is the sensation produced when a substance in the mouth reacts chemically with taste receptor cells located on taste buds in the oral cavity, mostly on the tongue.", "Taste __knowledge__ Taste, along with smell (olfaction) and trigeminal nerve stimulation (registering texture, pain, and temperature), determines flavors of food or other substances.", "Taste __knowledge__ Humans have taste receptors on taste buds (gustatory calyculi) and other areas including the upper surface of the tongue and the epiglottis.", "Taste __knowledge__ The gustatory cortex is responsible for the perception of taste.", "Taste (sociology) __knowledge__ In sociology, taste is an individual's personal and cultural patterns of choice and preference.", "Taste (sociology) __knowledge__ Taste is drawing distinctions between things such as styles, manners, consumer goods, and works of art and relating to these.", "Taste (sociology) __knowledge__ Social inquiry of taste is about the human ability to judge what is beautiful, good, and proper.", "Taste (sociology) __knowledge__ Social and cultural phenomena concerning taste are closely associated to social relations and dynamics between people.", "Taste (sociology) __knowledge__ The concept of social taste is therefore rarely separated from its accompanying sociological concepts.", "Taste (sociology) __knowledge__ An understanding of taste as something that is expressed in actions between people helps to perceive many social phenomena that would otherwise be inconceivable.", "Dysgeusia __knowledge__ Dysgeusia, also known as parageusia, is a distortion of the sense of taste.", "Dysgeusia __knowledge__ Dysgeusia is also often associated with ageusia, which is the complete lack of taste, and hypogeusia, which is a decrease in taste sensitivity.", "Dysgeusia __knowledge__ An alteration in taste or smell may be a secondary process in various disease states, or it may be the primary symptom.", "Dysgeusia __knowledge__ The distortion in the sense of taste is the only symptom, and diagnosis is usually complicated since the sense of taste is tied together with other sensory systems.", "Dysgeusia __knowledge__ Common causes of dysgeusia include chemotherapy, asthma treatment with albuterol, and zinc deficiency.", "Conditioned taste aversion __knowledge__ Conditioned taste aversion occurs when an animal associates the taste of a certain food with symptoms caused by a toxic, spoiled, or poisonous substance.", "Conditioned taste aversion __knowledge__ Generally, taste aversion is developed after ingestion of food that causes nausea, sickness, or vomiting.", "Conditioned taste aversion __knowledge__ The ability to develop a taste aversion is considered an adaptive trait or survival mechanism that trains the body to avoid poisonous substances (e.g., poisonous berries) before they can cause harm.", "Conditioned taste aversion __knowledge__ The association reduces the probability of consuming the same substance (or something that tastes similar) in the future, thus avoiding further poisoning.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Northern goshawk __knowledge__ The northern goshawk (Old English: \"gōsheafoc\", \"goose-hawk\"), Accipiter gentilis, is a medium-large raptor in the family Accipitridae, which also includes other extant diurnal raptors, such as eagles, buzzards and harriers.", "Northern goshawk __knowledge__ As a species in the \"Accipiter\" genus, the goshawk is often considered a \"true hawk\".", "Northern goshawk __knowledge__ The scientific name is Latin; \"Accipiter\" is \"hawk\", from \"accipere\", \"to grasp\", and \"gentilis\" is \"noble\" or \"gentle\" because in the Middle Ages only the nobility were permitted to fly goshawks for falconry.", "Northern goshawk __knowledge__ This species was first described under its current scientific name by Linnaeus in his \"Systema naturae\" in 1758.", "George Griffith __knowledge__ George Griffith (1857–1906), full name George Chetwynd Griffith-Jones, was a prolific British science fiction writer and noted explorer who wrote during the late Victorian and Edwardian age.", "George Griffith __knowledge__ Many of his visionary tales appeared in magazines such as \"Pearson's Magazine\" and \"Pearson's Weekly\" before being published as novels.", "George Griffith __knowledge__ Griffith was extremely popular in the United Kingdom, though he failed to find similar acclaim in the United States, in part due to his utopian socialist views.", "George Griffith __knowledge__ A journalist, rather than scientist, by background, what his stories lack in scientific rigour and literary grace they make up for in sheer exuberance of execution.", "Elections in Lithuania __knowledge__ Elections in Lithuania gives information on elections and election results in Lithuania.", "Elections in Lithuania __knowledge__ Voters in Lithuania elect members of the parliament, the president, members of the municipal councils and mayors, as well as delegates to the European Parliament.", "Elections in Lithuania __knowledge__ Lithuanian citizens can also vote in mandatory or consultative referendums.", "Elections in Lithuania __knowledge__ 71 of the members in the 141-seat parliament, elected to a four-year term, are elected in single-seat constituencies, in a majority vote.", "Elections in Lithuania __knowledge__ The remaining 70 members are elected in a nationwide election based on proportional representation.", "Elections in Lithuania __knowledge__ The structure of the elections means that a large number of parties is represented in the parliament and coalition governments are common.", "Raccoon __knowledge__ The raccoon ( or , \"Procyon lotor\"), sometimes spelled racoon, also known as the common raccoon, North American raccoon, northern raccoon,and colloquially as coon, is a medium-sized mammal native to North America.", "Raccoon __knowledge__ The raccoon is the largest of the procyonid family, having a body length of and a body weight of .", "Raccoon __knowledge__ Its grayish coat mostly consists of dense underfur which insulates it against cold weather.", "Raccoon __knowledge__ Two of the raccoon's most distinctive features are its extremely dexterous front paws and its facial mask, which are themes in the mythologies of the indigenous peoples of the Americas.", "Raccoon __knowledge__ Raccoons are noted for their intelligence, with studies showing that they are able to remember the solution to tasks for up to three years.", "2007 Woodvale Atlantic Rowing Race __knowledge__ The 2007 race left San Sebastián de la Gomera on Sunday 2 December 2007 with the finish in English Harbour, Antigua, on the same course as the 2005 race.", "2007 Woodvale Atlantic Rowing Race __knowledge__ 2 singles, 15 pairs and 5 fours started the race, with a six-crew boat starting slightly later.", "2007 Woodvale Atlantic Rowing Race __knowledge__ One pair \"Titanic Challenge\" and one Four \"Move Ahead II\" retired early on.", "2007 Woodvale Atlantic Rowing Race __knowledge__ The first to finish, \"Pura Vida\", was a four crewed by John Cecil-Wright, Robbie Grant, Tom Harvey & Carl Theakston (all GB) finished at 14.52 UTC on 19 January 2008, taking 48 Days, 2 hours, 52 minutes.", "2007 Woodvale Atlantic Rowing Race __knowledge__ The first pair, \"Gquma Challenger\" (Gquma meaning\"breaking wave\"), was crewed by South Africans Bill Godfrey & Peter Van Kets.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Speed limits in the United States vary depending on jurisdiction, with common in the Western United States and common in the Eastern United States.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ States may also set special speed limits for trucks and night travel along with minimum speed limits.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ The highest speed limit in the country is , which is posted on a single stretch of tollway in rural Texas.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ In Alabama, it is illegal to drive at a speed that is not \"reasonable and prudent\" for the current conditions and hazards.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Drivers must also not drive so slowly that they impede the flow of traffic.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ If the speed limit is not otherwise posted, it is: Trucks carrying hazardous materials are not to exceed .", "Great Tea Race of 1866 __knowledge__ In the middle third of the 19th Century, the clippers which carried cargoes of tea from China to Britain would compete in informal races to be first ship to dock in London with the new crop of each season.", "Great Tea Race of 1866 __knowledge__ The Great Tea Race of 1866 was keenly followed in the press, with an extremely close finish.", "Great Tea Race of 1866 __knowledge__ \"Taeping\" docked 28 minutes before \"Ariel\" - after a passage of more than 14,000 miles.", "Great Tea Race of 1866 __knowledge__ \"Ariel\" had been ahead when the ships were taken in tow by steam tugs off Deal, but after waiting for the tide at Gravesend the deciding factor was the height of tide at which one could enter the different docks used by each ship." ] ]

[ 0, 0, 12, 9 ]

[ "Do you know why beetroots are so bad?", "They taste bad to me. ", "It takes 55 to 65 days to harvest them.", "Interestingly Bartolomeo Platino said to take beetroot with garlic to stop garlic-breath." ]

[ "Beetroot", "Beetroot", "Beetroot", "Beetroot" ]

[ "Skunk\nI actually have a pet skunk and he is the best pet I've ever owned.", "They remove their stink glands so he's basically like a cat.", "He's black with a white stripe down the back.", "They are pretty dang cool animals if you ask me." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae.", "Skunk __knowledge__ The animals are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong unpleasant smell.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginger colored, but all have warning coloration.", "Skunk __knowledge__ 1630s, squunck, from a southern New England Algonquian language (probably Abenaki) seganku, from Proto-Algonquian */šeka:kwa/, from */šek-/ \"to urinate\" + */-a:kw/ \"fox.\"", "Skunk __knowledge__ \"Skunk\" has historic use as an insult, attested from 1841.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunk cabbage is attested from 1751; earlier skunkweed (1738).", "Skunk __knowledge__ In 1634, a skunk was described in the Jesuit Relations: Skunk species vary in size from about long and in weight from about (spotted skunks) to (hog-nosed skunks).", "Skunk __knowledge__ They have moderately elongated bodies with relatively short, well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Although the most common fur color is black and white, some skunks are brown or grey and a few are cream-colored.", "Skunk __knowledge__ All skunks are striped, even from birth.", "Skunk __knowledge__ They may have a single thick stripe across back and tail, two thinner stripes, or a series of white spots and broken stripes (in the case of the spotted skunk).", "Skunk __knowledge__ Some also have stripes on their legs.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are omnivorous, eating both plant and animal material and changing their diets as the seasons change.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Although capable of living indoors with humans similarly to cats or dogs, pet skunks are relatively rare, partly due to restrictive laws and the complexity of their care.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Pet skunks are mainly kept in the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and Italy.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ In the United States, pet skunks can be purchased from licensed animal shelters, non-profit skunk educational organizations such as the American Domestic Skunk Association, Inc., or breeders with a permit from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Baby skunk availability peaks during springtime, immediately following the skunk mating season.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "List of Back at the Barnyard characters __knowledge__ This a list of characters appearing in the Nickelodeon animated series \"Back at the Barnyard\".", "List of Back at the Barnyard characters __knowledge__ Otis (voiced by Chris Hardwick ; Kevin James ) is a male holstein cow who is the leader of the barnyard.", "List of Back at the Barnyard characters __knowledge__ Although male, he is called a \"cow\" in the show, Otis would not be in reality, as he has an udder, and would in fact be a bull or steer.", "List of Back at the Barnyard characters __knowledge__ This descrepency is not explained in the series.", "List of Back at the Barnyard characters __knowledge__ It appears to be due the fact that in general small children believe cows to be a separate species from bulls, and the writers do not want them to find out otherwise.", "List of Back at the Barnyard characters __knowledge__ He can also squirt milk out of his udders.", "List of Back at the Barnyard characters __knowledge__ In the episode \"Cowman and Ratboy\", Otis becomes a superhero named Cowman.", "Pet Shop Boys __knowledge__ Pet Shop Boys are an English synthpop duo, formed in London in 1981 and consisting of Neil Tennant (lead vocals, keyboards, occasional guitar) and Chris Lowe (keyboards, vocals).", "Pet Shop Boys __knowledge__ Pet Shop Boys have sold more than 50 million records worldwide, and are listed as the most successful duo in UK music history by \"The Guinness Book of Records\".", "Pet Shop Boys __knowledge__ Three-time Brit Award winners and six-time Grammy nominees, since 1985 they have achieved 42 Top 30 singles, 22 of them Top 10 hits in the UK Singles Chart, including four UK number ones: \"West End Girls\" (also number one on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100), \"It's a Sin\", an acclaimed cover of \"Always on My Mind\" and \"Heart\".", "Wellard __knowledge__ Wellard is a fictional Belgian Tervuren dog from the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\".", "Wellard __knowledge__ He first appeared in the series on 18 October 1994, and became \"EastEnders\" longest-serving pet, before being killed off on 15 August 2008.", "Wellard __knowledge__ Although the character is male, he has been played primarily by three female dogs: Zenna, her daughter Chancer, and her granddaughter Kyte.", "Wellard __knowledge__ A fourth dog briefly served as a replacement for Zenna in 1996, when she was given time off from the show to have a litter of puppies.", "Wellard __knowledge__ Wellard was briefly written out of the series under executive producer Matthew Robinson, but returned when Robinson was succeeded by John Yorke.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae.", "Skunk __knowledge__ The animals are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong unpleasant smell.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginger colored, but all have warning coloration.", "Skunk __knowledge__ 1630s, squunck, from a southern New England Algonquian language (probably Abenaki) seganku, from Proto-Algonquian */šeka:kwa/, from */šek-/ \"to urinate\" + */-a:kw/ \"fox.\"", "Skunk __knowledge__ \"Skunk\" has historic use as an insult, attested from 1841.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunk cabbage is attested from 1751; earlier skunkweed (1738).", "Skunk __knowledge__ In 1634, a skunk was described in the Jesuit Relations: Skunk species vary in size from about long and in weight from about (spotted skunks) to (hog-nosed skunks).", "Skunk __knowledge__ They have moderately elongated bodies with relatively short, well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Although the most common fur color is black and white, some skunks are brown or grey and a few are cream-colored.", "Skunk __knowledge__ All skunks are striped, even from birth.", "Skunk __knowledge__ They may have a single thick stripe across back and tail, two thinner stripes, or a series of white spots and broken stripes (in the case of the spotted skunk).", "Skunk __knowledge__ Some also have stripes on their legs.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are omnivorous, eating both plant and animal material and changing their diets as the seasons change.", "Tessaratomidae __knowledge__ Tessaratomidae is a family of true bugs.", "Tessaratomidae __knowledge__ It contains about 240 species of large bugs divided into 3 subfamilies and 56 genera.", "Tessaratomidae __knowledge__ Tessaratomids resemble large stink bugs (family Pentatomidae) and are sometimes quite colorful.", "Tessaratomidae __knowledge__ Most tessaratomids are Old World, with only three species known from the Neotropics.", "Tessaratomidae __knowledge__ Some members of Tessaratomidae exhibit maternal care of eggs and offspring.", "Tessaratomidae __knowledge__ The defensive chemicals of certain species can cause significant damage if they come into contact with human skin; they may also cause temporary blindness.", "Tessaratomidae __knowledge__ All species are exclusively plant-eaters, some of major economic importance as agricultural pests.", "Brown marmorated stink bug __knowledge__ Halyomorpha halys, also known as the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), or simply the stink bug, is an insect in the family Pentatomidae that is native to China, Japan, the Koreas, and Taiwan.", "Brown marmorated stink bug __knowledge__ It was accidentally introduced into the United States, with the first specimen being collected in September, 1998.", "Brown marmorated stink bug __knowledge__ The brown marmorated stink bug is considered to be an agricultural pest and by 2010–11 had become a season-long pest in U.S. orchards.", "Brown marmorated stink bug __knowledge__ It has recently established itself also in Europe and South America.", "Brown marmorated stink bug __knowledge__ The adults are approximately long and about as wide, forming the shield shape characteristic of other stink bugs.", "Scutelleridae __knowledge__ Scutelleridae is a family of true bugs.", "Scutelleridae __knowledge__ They are commonly known as jewel bugs or metallic shield bugs due to their often brilliant coloration.", "Scutelleridae __knowledge__ They are also known as shield-backed bugs due to the enlargement of the last section of their thorax into a continuous shield over the abdomen and wings.", "Scutelleridae __knowledge__ This latter characteristic distinguishes them from most other families within Heteroptera, and may lead to misidentification as a beetle rather than a bug.", "Scutelleridae __knowledge__ These insects feed on plant juices from a variety of different species, including some commercial crops.", "Scutelleridae __knowledge__ Closely related to stink bugs, they may also produce an offensive odour when disturbed.", "Coreidae __knowledge__ Coreidae is a large family of predominantly sap-sucking insects in the Hemipteran suborder Heteroptera.", "Coreidae __knowledge__ The name \"Coreidae\" derives from the Ancient Greek κόρις meaning bedbug.", "Coreidae __knowledge__ As a family, Coreidae members are cosmopolitan, but most of the species are tropical or subtropical.", "Coreidae __knowledge__ The common names of Coreidae vary regionally.", "Coreidae __knowledge__ Leaf-footed bug refers to leaf-like expansions on the legs of some species, generally on the hind tibiae.", "Coreidae __knowledge__ In North America, the pest status of species such as \"Anasa tristis\" on squash plants and other cucurbits gave rise to the name squash bugs.", "Coreidae __knowledge__ Coreidae are called twig-wilters or tip-wilters in parts of Africa and Australia because many species feed in young twigs, injecting juices that macerate the tissues of the growing tips and cause them to wilt abruptly.", "Green stink bug __knowledge__ The green stink bug or green soldier bug (\"Chinavia hilaris\") is a stink bug belonging to the family Pentatomidae.", "Green stink bug __knowledge__ It was historically placed in the genus \"Acrosternum\", but according to Dr. David Rider of North Dakota State University and other experts, this placement is inaccurate; the genus name \"Acrosternum\" should be restricted to a handful of Old World, small, pale green species that live in dry arid areas, while the larger, brighter green species that live in both the Old and New Worlds should go by the genus name \"Chinavia\", therefore this species is called \"Chinavia hilaris\" in more recent literature (e.g., Schwertner and Grazia, 2006).", "Ozopore __knowledge__ An ozopore is the opening of a defensive gland present in some arthropods, notably in millipedes of the order Polydesmida and in harvestmen, the eight-legged arachnids also known as \"daddy long-legs\".", "Ozopore __knowledge__ The glands themselves are known as ozadenes, also called \"scent glands\", \"repugnatorial glands\", \"odoriferous glands\" or \"stink glands\" by various authors.", "Ozopore __knowledge__ The name is derived from Ancient Greek \"ozo\" \"smell\" and Latin \"porus\" \"pore, small opening\".", "Ozopore __knowledge__ In harvestmen, ozopores are located at the anterior sides of the prosoma.", "Ozopore __knowledge__ The defensive secretions emitted also act as an alarm pheromone.", "Ozopore __knowledge__ The glands are infoldings of the body wall, consisting of three layers.", "Mr Stink (film) __knowledge__ Mr. Stink is a 60-minute BBC television film adaptation of the novel of the same name by David Walliams that was first broadcast on 23 December 2012.", "Mr Stink (film) __knowledge__ A 12-year-old girl named Chloe Crumb is on the bus on the way to school.", "Mr Stink (film) __knowledge__ Her nemesis, Pippa (Jemma Donovan), throws a banana skin on a tramp called Mr. Stink who is sitting on a bench with his dog, Duchess .", "Mr Stink (film) __knowledge__ She goes to see Mr. Stink, who asks for some sausages for the Duchess.", "Mr Stink (film) __knowledge__ The following morning, she takes some sausages to give them to Mr. Stink.", "Mr Stink (film) __knowledge__ Chloe's mother, Caroline (Sheridan Smith), is a candidate to be the local MP.", "Mr Stink (film) __knowledge__ She rips up the story that Chloe wrote, believing that homeless people should be run out of town.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Although capable of living indoors with humans similarly to cats or dogs, pet skunks are relatively rare, partly due to restrictive laws and the complexity of their care.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Pet skunks are mainly kept in the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and Italy.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ In the United States, pet skunks can be purchased from licensed animal shelters, non-profit skunk educational organizations such as the American Domestic Skunk Association, Inc., or breeders with a permit from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Baby skunk availability peaks during springtime, immediately following the skunk mating season.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The genus \"Spilogale\" includes all skunks commonly known as spotted skunks and is composed of four different species: \"S. gracilis, S. putorius, S. pygmaea, S. angustifrons\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Mammalogists consider \"S. gracilis\" and \"S. putorius\" different species because of differences in reproductive patterns, reproductive morphology, and chromosomal variation.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ However, interbreeding has never been falsified.", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ The name \"Spilogale\" comes from the Greek word \"spilo\", which means \"spotted\", and gale, which means \"weasel\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Putorius\" is the Latin word for \"fetid odor\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ \"Gracilis\" is the Latin word for \"slender\".", "Spotted skunk __knowledge__ Several other names attributed to \"S. putorius\" include: civet cat, polecat, hydrophobian skunk, phoby skunk, phoby cat, tree skunk, weasel skunk, black marten, little spotted skunk, four-lined skunk, four-striped skunk, and sachet kitty.", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The Channel Island spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis amphiala\") is an insular endemic carnivore and a subspecies of the western spotted skunk (\"Spilogale gracilis\").", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Little is known about their exact variations from the mainland spotted skunk and variations between locations, resolution of which awaits further genetic and morphologic evaluation.", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ The skunk is only currently found on two islands off the southern coast of California (Santa Cruz Island, and Santa Rosa Island, where its occurrence was once thought to be rare but recently experienced a population surge in the 1990s).", "Channel Islands spotted skunk __knowledge__ Its presence has been recorded on San Miguel Island, but it has since been declared extinct in that area.", "Stink bomb __knowledge__ A stink bomb is a device designed to create an unpleasant smell.", "Stink bomb __knowledge__ They range in effectiveness from simple pranks to military grade malodorants or riot control chemical agents.", "Stink bomb __knowledge__ The Guinness Book of Records lists two smelliest substances.", "Stink bomb __knowledge__ One is \"US Government Standard Bathroom Malodor\"; a mixture of eight chemicals with a stench resembling human feces, only much stronger, designed to test the efficacy of deodorizers and air fresheners.", "Stink bomb __knowledge__ Another one, \"Who me?", "Stink bomb __knowledge__ \", is a mixture of five sulfur-containing chemicals and smells like rotting food and carcasses.. At the lower end of the spectrum, relatively harmless stink bombs consist of ammonium sulfide, which smells strongly of rotten eggs.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ The eastern spotted skunk (\"Spilogale putorius\") is a small, relatively slender skunk found throughout the eastern United States and in small areas of Canada and Mexico.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ This small skunk is more weasel-like in body shape than the more familiar striped skunk.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ The eastern spotted skunk has four stripes on its back which are broken in pattern, giving it a \"spotted\" appearance.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ They have a white spot on their forehead.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ They are found in Canada (southeast Manitoba and northwestern Ontario), the United States and northeastern Mexico.", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ Males, at in total length, are large than females, at .", "Eastern spotted skunk __knowledge__ The tail accounts for roughly a third of their total length." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae.", "Skunk __knowledge__ The animals are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong unpleasant smell.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginger colored, but all have warning coloration.", "Skunk __knowledge__ 1630s, squunck, from a southern New England Algonquian language (probably Abenaki) seganku, from Proto-Algonquian */šeka:kwa/, from */šek-/ \"to urinate\" + */-a:kw/ \"fox.\"", "Skunk __knowledge__ \"Skunk\" has historic use as an insult, attested from 1841.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunk cabbage is attested from 1751; earlier skunkweed (1738).", "Skunk __knowledge__ In 1634, a skunk was described in the Jesuit Relations: Skunk species vary in size from about long and in weight from about (spotted skunks) to (hog-nosed skunks).", "Skunk __knowledge__ They have moderately elongated bodies with relatively short, well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Although the most common fur color is black and white, some skunks are brown or grey and a few are cream-colored.", "Skunk __knowledge__ All skunks are striped, even from birth.", "Skunk __knowledge__ They may have a single thick stripe across back and tail, two thinner stripes, or a series of white spots and broken stripes (in the case of the spotted skunk).", "Skunk __knowledge__ Some also have stripes on their legs.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are omnivorous, eating both plant and animal material and changing their diets as the seasons change.", "Flag of Poland __knowledge__ The flag of Poland consists of two horizontal stripes of equal width, the upper one white and the lower one red.", "Flag of Poland __knowledge__ The two colors are defined in the Polish constitution as the national colors.", "Flag of Poland __knowledge__ A variant of the flag with the national coat of arms in the middle of the white stripe is legally reserved for official use abroad and at sea.", "Flag of Poland __knowledge__ A similar flag with the addition of a swallow-tail is used as the naval ensign of Poland.", "Flag of Poland __knowledge__ White and red were officially adopted as national colors in 1831.", "Flag of Poland __knowledge__ They are of heraldic origin and derive from the tinctures (colors) of the coats of arms of the two constituent nations of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, i.e.", "Russian-American Company flag __knowledge__ The flag of the Russian-American Company, first adopted in 1806, consisted of a variation of the horizontal white-blue-red tricolor of the flag of Russia, but with the white stripe broader than the other two, and containing a double-headed eagle symbol of the company.", "Russian-American Company flag __knowledge__ The exact form and placement of the eagle was subject to variations, before Russian rule over Alaska ended in 1867.", "Russian-American Company flag __knowledge__ On September 28 (October 10, new style), 1806, Aleksandr I, Emperor of Russia made a notation on the design submitted to him of a new flag for the Russian-American Company; \"So be it\", and added his cypher, thereby approving the first flag in Russia's history to be used by an Imperial chartered company.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him.", "Pepé Le Pew __knowledge__ Pepé Le Pew is a fictional character from the Warner Bros. \"Looney Tunes\" and \"Merrie Melodies\" series of cartoons, first introduced in 1945.", "Pepé Le Pew __knowledge__ Depicted as a French striped skunk, Pepé is constantly in search of love and appreciation.", "Pepé Le Pew __knowledge__ However, his offensive skunk odor and his aggressive pursuit of romance typically cause other characters to flee from him in fear.", "Pepé Le Pew __knowledge__ Pepé Le Pew storylines typically involve Pepé in pursuit of a female black cat, whom Pepé mistakes for a skunk (\"la belle femme skunk fatale\").", "Pepé Le Pew __knowledge__ The cat, who was retroactively named Penelope Pussycat, often has a white stripe painted down her back, usually by accident (such as by squeezing under a fence with wet white paint).", "Whitewall tire __knowledge__ Whitewall tires or white sidewall (WSW) tires are tires having a stripe or entire sidewall of white rubber.", "Whitewall tire __knowledge__ These tires were most commonly used from the early 1900s to around the mid 1970s.", "Whitewall tire __knowledge__ The use of whitewall rubber for wheels has been traced to a small tire company in Chicago called Vogue Tyre and Rubber Co that made them for their horse and chauffeur drawn carriages in 1914.", "Whitewall tire __knowledge__ Early automobile tires were made of pure natural rubber with various chemicals mixed into the tread compounds to make them wear better.", "Whitewall tire __knowledge__ The best of these was zinc oxide, a pure white substance that increased traction and also made the entire tire white.", "Cleveland Browns __knowledge__ The Cleveland Browns are a professional American football team based in Cleveland, Ohio.", "Cleveland Browns __knowledge__ The Browns compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the American Football Conference (AFC) North division.", "Cleveland Browns __knowledge__ The Browns play their home games at FirstEnergy Stadium, which opened in 1999, with administrative offices and training facilities in Berea, Ohio.", "Cleveland Browns __knowledge__ The Browns' official colors are brown, orange and white.", "Cleveland Browns __knowledge__ They are unique among the 32 member franchises of the NFL in that they do not have a logo on their helmets and are the only team named after a person, their first coach, Paul Brown.", "Amtrak paint schemes __knowledge__ Amtrak paint schemes (officially termed \"Phases\") are a series of liveries applied to the outside of Amtrak rolling stock in the United States.", "Amtrak paint schemes __knowledge__ The livery phases appeared as different designs, with a majority using a red, white, and blue (the colors of the United States Flag) palette, except for promotional trains, experimental trains, state partnership routes, and the Capstone phase.", "Amtrak paint schemes __knowledge__ Amtrak began operations in May 1971 with a mixture of equipment from its predecessor railroads, much of which was painted in a variety of railroad-specific paint schemes.", "Amtrak paint schemes __knowledge__ This era was later referred to as the Rainbow Era, due to the mix-matched colorful trains Amtrak used.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Champagne gene __knowledge__ The champagne gene is a simple dominant allele responsible for a number of rare horse coat colors.", "Champagne gene __knowledge__ The most distinctive traits of horses with the champagne gene are the hazel eyes and pinkish, freckled skin, which are bright blue and bright pink at birth, respectively.", "Champagne gene __knowledge__ The coat color is also affected: any hairs that would have been red are gold, and any hairs that would have been black are chocolate brown.", "Champagne gene __knowledge__ If a horse inherits the champagne gene from either or both parents, a coat that would otherwise be chestnut is instead gold champagne, with bay corresponding to amber champagne, seal brown to sable champagne, and black to classic champagne.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ The cream gene is responsible for a number of horse coat colors.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ Horses that have the cream gene in addition to a base coat color that is chestnut will become palomino if they are heterozygous, having one copy of the cream gene, or cremello, if they are homozygous.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ Similarly, horses with a bay base coat and the cream gene will be buckskin or perlino.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ A black base coat with the cream gene becomes the not-always-recognized smoky black or a smoky cream.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ Cream horses, even those with blue eyes, are not white horses.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ Dilution coloring is also not related to any of the white spotting patterns.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ The cream gene (\"C\") is an incomplete dominant allele with a distinct dosage effect.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ Ceramics in Mexico date back thousands of years before the Pre-Columbian period, when ceramic arts and pottery crafts developed with the first advanced civilizations and cultures of Mesoamerica.", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ With one exception, pre-Hispanic wares were not glazed, but rather burnished and painted with colored fine clay slips.", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ The potter's wheel was unknown as well; pieces were shaped by molding, coiling and other methods.", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ After the Spanish Invasion and Conquest, European techniques and designs were introduced, nearly wiping out the native traditions.", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ Indigenous traditions survive in a few pottery items such as comals, and the addition of indigenous design elements into mostly European motifs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae.", "Skunk __knowledge__ The animals are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong unpleasant smell.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginger colored, but all have warning coloration.", "Skunk __knowledge__ 1630s, squunck, from a southern New England Algonquian language (probably Abenaki) seganku, from Proto-Algonquian */šeka:kwa/, from */šek-/ \"to urinate\" + */-a:kw/ \"fox.\"", "Skunk __knowledge__ \"Skunk\" has historic use as an insult, attested from 1841.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunk cabbage is attested from 1751; earlier skunkweed (1738).", "Skunk __knowledge__ In 1634, a skunk was described in the Jesuit Relations: Skunk species vary in size from about long and in weight from about (spotted skunks) to (hog-nosed skunks).", "Skunk __knowledge__ They have moderately elongated bodies with relatively short, well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Although the most common fur color is black and white, some skunks are brown or grey and a few are cream-colored.", "Skunk __knowledge__ All skunks are striped, even from birth.", "Skunk __knowledge__ They may have a single thick stripe across back and tail, two thinner stripes, or a series of white spots and broken stripes (in the case of the spotted skunk).", "Skunk __knowledge__ Some also have stripes on their legs.", "Skunk __knowledge__ Skunks are omnivorous, eating both plant and animal material and changing their diets as the seasons change.", "1994 (song) __knowledge__ \"1994\" is a song written by Thomas Rhett, Luke Laird and Barry Dean, and recorded by American country music artist Jason Aldean.", "1994 (song) __knowledge__ It was released in March 2013 as the third single from his fifth studio album \"Night Train\".", "1994 (song) __knowledge__ The song, a tribute to Joe Diffie, refers to many of his songs: \"Third Rock from the Sun\", \"John Deere Green\", \"Ships That Don't Come In\", \"Honky Tonk Attitude\", \"Pickup Man\", \"So Help Me Girl\", \"A Night to Remember\", and \"C-O-U-N-T-R-Y\".", "1994 (song) __knowledge__ Upon being sent a copy of the song by \"Billboard\", Diffie said, \"What else can you say but what an honor it is to have the larger part of a song reference songs of mine.", "Dang Fong __knowledge__ Dang Fong 鄧芳 (1879–1955), was a disciple of the Chinese Kung Fu folk hero Wong Fei Hung.", "Dang Fong __knowledge__ It is said that his rigid ways prompted him to follow and document the Hung Ga Kuen teachings of Wong Fei Hung to the letter, thus he was referred to as Old Square Mind for his stubbornness to tradition.", "Dang Fong __knowledge__ This statement cannot be confirmed, but it can be confirmed that he was known as the Tiger of Sai Gwan.", "Dang Fong __knowledge__ Dang Fong was born in Saam Sui, of Guangdung Province in China.", "Dang Fong __knowledge__ His father Dang Biu was a famous practitioner of Tit Da and Chinese Kung Fu, and had a deep knowledge of Maau Saan, Chinese Witchcraft.", "Dang Fong __knowledge__ Dang Biu had killed people in combat during his younger years and thus refused to teach his son martial arts.", "Madea's Tough Love __knowledge__ Tyler Perry's Madea's Tough Love is a 2015 direct-to-video animated comedy film directed by Frank Marino.", "Madea's Tough Love __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Matt Fleckenstein with additional screenplay material by Ben Gluck.", "Madea's Tough Love __knowledge__ The film stars Tyler Perry as the voice of Madea, and was produced by Perry, Matt Moore & Ozzie Areu.", "Madea's Tough Love __knowledge__ It was released on January 20, 2015.", "Madea's Tough Love __knowledge__ Madea (Tyler Perry) is watching TV while eating her breakfast.", "Madea's Tough Love __knowledge__ She doesn't like what she is watching so she flips to another channel.", "Madea's Tough Love __knowledge__ While she is watching the show, she wishes that she was up in the show she was watching due to the way the kids in the show are acting.", "Ploy __knowledge__ Ploy () is a 2007 Thai film written and directed by Pen-Ek Ratanaruang.", "Ploy __knowledge__ The film premiered during the Directors' Fortnight at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival.", "Ploy __knowledge__ The drama film stars Thai actress Lalita Panyopas in a story of a middle-aged married couple who question their relationship after seven years.", "Ploy __knowledge__ Ananda Everingham is featured in a supporting role as a bartender.", "Ploy __knowledge__ The film contained sex scenes that were shown at Cannes, but due to censorship concerns had to be re-edited by the director so the film could be shown in cinemas in Thailand when it opened there on June 7, 2007.", "Ploy __knowledge__ The uncensored version of the film was shown in Thailand at the 2007 Bangkok International Film Festival.", "EveryBODYisflawless __knowledge__ Gabi \"GabiFresh\" Gregg was inspired to create a new version of Beyoncé's 2013 \"Flawless\" after being discriminated against for her body size.", "EveryBODYisflawless __knowledge__ She decided to recreate the video to include larger bodies by recruiting and collaborating with fellow plus-size fashion bloggers and models Nadia Aboulhosn and Tess Munster to film the video.", "EveryBODYisflawless __knowledge__ Partly inspired by Beyoncé's decision to keep her entire self-titled album \"Beyoncé\" a secret until it was released, Gregg kept the video project a secret until its release.", "EveryBODYisflawless __knowledge__ Gregg hopes that people support her campaign by using the hashtag and sharing the video.", "EveryBODYisflawless __knowledge__ Gregg said, \"...This video is dedicated to the mainstream media, to the fashion industry, to internet bullies, and to anyone else who thinks it's their right to try to make us feel less than because of their insecurities.\"", "Public records in China __knowledge__ Dang'an () is a Chinese word meaning \"record\".", "Public records in China __knowledge__ Used in the political and administrative context, it means an archival system that records the \"performance and attitudes\" of citizens of mainland China.", "Public records in China __knowledge__ Together with the hukou, it has been an important part of the government's efforts to maintain control of its people.", "Public records in China __knowledge__ Majority of the records are kept by the local archive bureaus, some by the State Archives Administration of China at the national level.", "Public records in China __knowledge__ The Dang'an includes personal information such as physical characteristics, employment record, photograph, etc.", "Public records in China __knowledge__ However, it also contains many other documents that would be considered private in some other cultures.", "Han Dang __knowledge__ Han Dang (died 227), courtesy name Yigong, was a military general serving under the warlord Sun Quan in the late Eastern Han dynasty and the early Three Kingdoms period.", "Han Dang __knowledge__ He previously served under Sun Quan's predecessors – Sun Jian (Sun Quan's father) and Sun Ce (Sun Quan's elder brother).", "Han Dang __knowledge__ Han Dang was from Lingzhi County (令支縣), Liaoxi Commandery (遼西郡), which is in present-day Qian'an, Hebei.", "Han Dang __knowledge__ He possessed great physical strength and was highly skilled in archery and horse riding.", "Han Dang __knowledge__ The warlord Sun Jian recognised his abilities and recruited him.", "Han Dang __knowledge__ Han Dang accompanied Sun Jian on his military exploits throughout the 180s until 191, from the Yellow Turban Rebellion to the campaign against Dong Zhuo.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Although capable of living indoors with humans similarly to cats or dogs, pet skunks are relatively rare, partly due to restrictive laws and the complexity of their care.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Pet skunks are mainly kept in the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and Italy.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ In the United States, pet skunks can be purchased from licensed animal shelters, non-profit skunk educational organizations such as the American Domestic Skunk Association, Inc., or breeders with a permit from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.", "Skunks as pets __knowledge__ Baby skunk availability peaks during springtime, immediately following the skunk mating season.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ The striped skunk (\"Mephitis mephitis\") is a skunk of the genus \"Mephitis\" that is native to southern Canada, the United States and northern Mexico.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ It is currently listed as least concern by the IUCN on account of its wide range and ability to adapt to human-modified environments.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ It is a polygamous omnivore with few natural predators, save for birds of prey.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ The striped skunk has a long history of association with humans, having been trapped and captively bred for its fur and kept as an exotic pet.", "Striped skunk __knowledge__ It is one of the most recognizable of North America's animals, and is a popular figure in cartoons and children's books.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ This article is about placeholder names in various languages.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ In Afrikaans, \"dinges\" ('thing'), \"goeters\" ('things'), \"watsenaam\" ('what's its name') are common placeholders.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A common placeholder name for a semi-mythological place - much the same as Timbuktu - is \"Pofadder\" (a real town).", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A general term for a far away, remote/rural environment is \"Boendoe\".", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ \"Van die jaar toet\" (from the year \"tut\") is often used to indicate an unspecified, long time ago.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ Arabic uses \"Fulan\", \"Fulana[h]\" (فلان / فلانة) and when a last name is needed it becomes \"Fulan AlFulani\", \"Fulana[h] AlFulaniyya[h]\" (فلان الفلاني / فلانة الفلانية).", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "Bulgaria __knowledge__ Bulgaria (; , '), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (, ', ), is a country in southeastern Europe.", "Bulgaria __knowledge__ It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east.", "Bulgaria __knowledge__ With a territory of , Bulgaria is Europe's 16th-largest country.", "Bulgaria __knowledge__ Organised prehistoric cultures began developing on current Bulgarian lands during the Neolithic period.", "Bulgaria __knowledge__ Its ancient history saw the presence of the Thracians, Greeks, Persians, Celts, Romans, Goths, Alans and Huns.", "Bulgaria __knowledge__ The emergence of a unified Bulgarian state dates back to the establishment of the First Bulgarian Empire in 681 AD, which dominated most of the Balkans and functioned as a cultural hub for Slavs during the Middle Ages.", "Skunk Works __knowledge__ Skunk Works is an official pseudonym for Lockheed Martin's Advanced Development Programs (ADP), formerly called Lockheed Advanced Development Projects.", "Skunk Works __knowledge__ It is responsible for a number of famous aircraft designs, including the U-2, the Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird, the Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk, Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor, and the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II, which are used in the air forces of several countries.", "Skunk Works __knowledge__ Its name was taken from the moonshine factory in the comic strip \"Li'l Abner\".", "Skunk Works __knowledge__ The designation \"skunk works\" or \"skunkworks\" is widely used in business, engineering, and technical fields to describe a group within an organization given a high degree of autonomy and unhampered by bureaucracy, with the task of working on advanced or secret projects." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 5, 10 ]

[ "wow! I've never heard of people having skunks as pets! You're not afraid of him spraying you with a liquid with a strong unpleasant smell?", "how cool! What color is he? I know they vary in appearance from black and white to brown, cream or ginger colored", "awesome! i don't even know why people use the word skunk as an insult", "all skunks are striped even from birth! how cool is that" ]

[ "Skunk", "Skunk", "Skunk", "Skunk" ]

[ "Caffeine\nI don't consume caffeine anymore, I used to drink an entire pot of coffee every morning though!", "I know! It just made me way too shaky.", "It made me super cranky too all the time, especially if I hadn't had any in a while", "It should at least have an age requirement I think" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ There are several known mechanisms of action to explain the effects of caffeine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ The most prominent is that it reversibly blocks the action of adenosine on its receptor and consequently prevents the onset of drowsiness induced by adenosine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine also stimulates certain portions of the autonomic nervous system.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline purine, a methylxanthine alkaloid, and is chemically related to the adenine and guanine bases of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).", "Caffeine __knowledge__ It is found in the seeds, nuts, or leaves of a number of plants native to South America and East Asia and helps to protect them against predator insects and to prevent germination of nearby seeds.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ The most well known source of caffeine is the coffee bean, a misnomer for the seed of \"Coffea\" plants.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Beverages containing caffeine are ingested to relieve or prevent drowsiness and to improve performance.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ To make these drinks, caffeine is extracted by steeping the plant product in water, a process called infusion.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a psychoactive stimulant drug.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ It can have both positive and negative effects on different aspects of memory.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ The effects of caffeine on short-term memory (STM) are controversial.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Findings are inconsistent, as many effects of caffeine sometimes impair short-term and working memory, whereas the other studies indicate enhancing effects.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Increasing our capacities of STM and working memory only seem to have beneficial impacts upon our daily lives.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Increasing our memory capacities would result in retaining more information for extended periods of time and encoding information from STM to long-term memory.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea.", "Energy drink __knowledge__ An energy drink is a type of beverage containing stimulant drugs, usually including caffeine, which is marketed as providing mental and physical stimulation (marketed as \"energy\", but distinct from food energy).", "Energy drink __knowledge__ They may or may not be carbonated and many also contain sugar or other sweeteners, herbal extracts, taurine, and amino acids.", "Energy drink __knowledge__ They are a subset of the larger group of energy products, which includes bars and gels, and distinct from sports drinks, which are advertised to enhance sports performance.", "Energy drink __knowledge__ There are many brands and varieties of energy drinks.", "Energy drink __knowledge__ Coffee, tea and other naturally caffeinated beverages are usually not considered energy drinks.", "Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder is an anxiety disorder that can be present in people susceptible to panic attacks and anxiety.", "Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Consumption of caffeine has long been linked to anxiety.", "Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder, however, almost exclusively occurs in people who already have an anxiety disorder.", "Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder __knowledge__ For these people, they are more prone to the psychological effects of caffeine and are at greater risk of a panic attack after ingesting non-trivial amounts of caffeine.", "Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder __knowledge__ The effects of caffeine and the symptoms of anxiety both increase activity within the sympathetic nervous system.", "Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Caffeine has been linked to the aggravation and maintenance of anxiety disorders, and the initiation of panic or anxiety attacks in those who are already predisposed to such phenomena.", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ Decaffeination is the removal of caffeine from coffee beans, cocoa, tea leaves, and other caffeine-containing materials.", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ While soft drinks which do not use caffeine as an ingredient are sometimes described as \"decaffeinated\", they are better termed \"non-caffeinated\" because decaffeinated implies that there was caffeine present at one point in time.", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ Decaffeinated drinks contain typically 1–2% of the original caffeine content, and sometimes as much as 20%.", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ Decaffeinated products are commonly termed decaf.", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge performed the first isolation of pure caffeine from coffee beans in 1820." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ There are several known mechanisms of action to explain the effects of caffeine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ The most prominent is that it reversibly blocks the action of adenosine on its receptor and consequently prevents the onset of drowsiness induced by adenosine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine also stimulates certain portions of the autonomic nervous system.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline purine, a methylxanthine alkaloid, and is chemically related to the adenine and guanine bases of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).", "Caffeine __knowledge__ It is found in the seeds, nuts, or leaves of a number of plants native to South America and East Asia and helps to protect them against predator insects and to prevent germination of nearby seeds.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ The most well known source of caffeine is the coffee bean, a misnomer for the seed of \"Coffea\" plants.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Beverages containing caffeine are ingested to relieve or prevent drowsiness and to improve performance.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ To make these drinks, caffeine is extracted by steeping the plant product in water, a process called infusion.", "Crossed (comics) __knowledge__ Crossed is a comic book written by Garth Ennis and drawn by Jacen Burrows for the first ten issues, and published by Avatar Press.", "Crossed (comics) __knowledge__ Following volumes \"Crossed: Family Values\", \"Crossed 3D\", and \"Crossed: Psychopath\" were written by David Lapham.", "Crossed (comics) __knowledge__ A new series, \"Crossed: Badlands\" is written and drawn by rotating creative teams.", "Crossed (comics) __knowledge__ The franchise has also spawned two webcomics: \"Crossed: Wish You Were Here\", which ran from 2012–2014, and \"Crossed: Dead or Alive\", which began syndication in November 2014.", "Crossed (comics) __knowledge__ \"Crossed\" is a creator-owned series from writer Garth Ennis and artist Jacen Burrows.", "Crossed (comics) __knowledge__ It began with \"Crossed\" #0 on August 27, 2008 and all 10 issues have been released.", "Shaky Shaky __knowledge__ \"Shaky Shaky\" is a single by Puerto Rican reggaeton recording artist Daddy Yankee from his eighth studio album \"El Disco Duro\", scheduled to be released during early 2017.", "Shaky Shaky __knowledge__ The song was recorded in December 2015 as a freestyle during a recording session in Puerto Rico and later released on 8 April 2016 by El Cartel Records.", "Shaky Shaky __knowledge__ The song was written by Daddy Yankee, Urbani \"Urba\" Mota and Luis \"Rome\" Romero.", "Shaky Shaky __knowledge__ It was produced by Los Evo Jedis, the duo of Urbani Mota and Luis Romero.", "Shaky Shaky __knowledge__ The song became Yankee's fourth number one \"Billboard\"s Hot Latin Songs chart and also his first \"Billboard\" Hot 100 entry since 2007.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets were a rock and roll group formed in Cardiff, Wales in 1969.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Although most notable now for their lead singer Shakin' Stevens, who went on to become one of the UK's most popular artists of the 1980s, the band released several records and toured extensively throughout the 1970s.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ A version of the Sunsets, containing original members, still tours annually in the UK, Europe and Australia.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets evolved from the rock and roll scene in and around the Penarth and Ely areas just outside Cardiff.", "Shakin' Stevens and the Sunsets __knowledge__ One of its leading lights since the late 1950s was the Backbeats, a band fronted by Robert Llewellyn (who performed under the name of Rockin' Louie) and managed by Paul 'Legs' Barrett, a local entrepreneur and \"card-carrying Communist\".", "Shaky camera __knowledge__ Handheld camera, shaky cam, queasy cam, queasicam, hand-held camera or free camera is a cinematographic technique where stable-image techniques are purposely dispensed with.", "Shaky camera __knowledge__ The camera is held in the hand, or given the appearance of being hand-held, and in many cases shots are limited to what one photographer could have accomplished with one camera.", "Shaky camera __knowledge__ Shaky cam is often employed to give a film sequence an ad hoc, electronic news-gathering, or documentary film feel.", "Shaky camera __knowledge__ It suggests unprepared, unrehearsed filming of reality, and can provide a sense of dynamics, immersion, instability or nervousness.", "Shaky camera __knowledge__ The technique can be used to give a pseudo-documentary or \"cinéma vérité\" appearance to a film.", "The Epic Masters __knowledge__ The Epic Masters is a box set compilation comprising ten remastered albums by Shakin' Stevens.", "The Epic Masters __knowledge__ Released on 16 November 2009, the set contains nine albums originally released by Epic Records between 1980 and 1990, plus an exclusive CD of 12\" extended mixes.", "The Epic Masters __knowledge__ The set was also made available as a download through iTunes.", "The Epic Masters __knowledge__ Although one of the most popular acts of the 1980s, Shakin' Stevens' major period of success came just before the emergence of the compact disc as a major format.", "The Epic Masters __knowledge__ Three of Stevens' albums (\"This Ole House\", \"Shaky\" and \"Give Me Your Heart Tonight\") had made the top 3 of the UK charts during 1981 and 1982 and, as a result, his 1983 release \"The Bop Won't Stop\" was one of the earliest of Epic's albums to be transferred to the CD format.", "Goin' a Buffalo __knowledge__ Goin' a Buffalo is a 1968 play by Ed Bullins, in which a group of black people in early 1960s Los Angeles try to escape the cycle of crime that dominates their lives and start over in Buffalo, New York.", "Goin' a Buffalo __knowledge__ The play premiered at The American Place Theatre in New York City in 1968 as a rehearsed reading.", "Goin' a Buffalo __knowledge__ In keeping with Bullins' style of Black-Oriented Realism, it is not intended to have clear resolution or message; rather, it is an attempt by the author to depict \"black life, truthfully.\"", "Goin' a Buffalo __knowledge__ It was not originally a part of Bullins's Twentieth Century Cycle plays (a series of plays based on the African American experience independent of racial relations to white people), but was later admitted due to its characteristics that were in line with the rest of the cycle plays: naturalistic style wherein characters only display their traits to their audience and each other when they choose to.", "Shaky Knees Music Festival __knowledge__ Shaky Knees Music Festival is an annual music festival that takes place in Atlanta, Georgia.", "Shaky Knees Music Festival __knowledge__ The festival was founded in 2013 by Tim Sweetwood in order to bring a proper indie music festival to the city of Atlanta, which already hosts festivals such as Sweetwater 420 Fest and Music Midtown.", "Shaky Knees Music Festival __knowledge__ The festival is currently held in Centennial Olympic Park in Downtown Atlanta.", "Shaky Knees Music Festival __knowledge__ Shaky Knees began as a two-day festival and his since expanded to include a third day.", "Shaky Knees Music Festival __knowledge__ The festival features both artists from around the globe and smaller regional acts, primarily in the indie rock, indie folk, country music, and alternative rock genres.", "Psychoactive drug __knowledge__ A psychoactive drug, psychopharmaceutical, or psychotropic is a chemical substance that changes brain function and results in alterations in perception, mood, consciousness or behavior.", "Psychoactive drug __knowledge__ These substances may be used medically; recreationally; to purposefully improve performance or alter one's consciousness; as entheogens; for ritual, spiritual, or shamanic purposes; or for research.", "Psychoactive drug __knowledge__ Some categories of psychoactive drugs, which have therapeutic value, are prescribed by physicians and other healthcare practitioners.", "Psychoactive drug __knowledge__ Examples include anesthetics, analgesics, anticonvulsant and antiparkinsonian drugs as well as medications used to treat neuropsychiatric disorders, such as antidepressants, anxiolytics, antipsychotics, and stimulant medications.", "Drug __knowledge__ A drug is any substance (other than food that provides nutritional support) that, when inhaled, injected, smoked, consumed, absorbed via a patch on the skin, or dissolved under the tongue causes a temporary physiological (and often psychological) change in the body.", "Drug __knowledge__ In pharmacology, a pharmaceutical drug, also called a medication or medicine, is a chemical substance used to treat, cure, prevent, or diagnose a disease or to promote well-being.", "Drug __knowledge__ Traditionally drugs were obtained through extraction from medicinal plants, but more recently also by organic synthesis.", "Drug __knowledge__ Pharmaceutical drugs may be used for a limited duration, or on a regular basis for chronic disorders.", "Legal intoxicant __knowledge__ Legal intoxicants, also known as legal drugs or, more commonly, as legal highs, are those intoxicating drugs which are either completely legal or not commonly prohibited by various drug laws.", "Legal intoxicant __knowledge__ The most widely consumed legal intoxicant is alcohol—legal throughout the vast majority of the world's countries—but a wide array of other drugs are also not specifically banned in many international jurisdictions: these may vary from native intoxicating plants historically used by indigenous cultures to foodstuffs eaten in various parts of the world, to modern compounds and designer drugs that have not been defined as illegal, or even long-standing medicines that have intoxicating or anesthetic side effects.", "Stimulant __knowledge__ Stimulants (also often referred to as psychostimulants or colloquially as uppers) is an overarching term that covers many drugs including those that increase activity of the body, drugs that are pleasurable and invigorating, or drugs that have sympathomimetic effects.", "Stimulant __knowledge__ Stimulants are widely used throughout the world as prescription medicines as well as without a prescription (either legally or illicitly) as performance-enhancing or recreational drugs.", "Stimulant __knowledge__ The most frequently prescribed stimulants as of 2013 were lisdexamfetamine, methylphenidate, and amphetamine.", "Stimulant __knowledge__ It is estimated that the percentage of the population that has abused amphetamine-type stimulants (e.g., amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDMA, etc.)", "Prohibition of drugs __knowledge__ The prohibition of drugs through sumptuary legislation or religious law is a common means of attempting to prevent the recreational use of the certain recreational drugs and other intoxicating substances.", "Prohibition of drugs __knowledge__ While some drugs are illegal to possess, many governments regulate the manufacture, distribution, marketing, sale and use of certain drugs, for instance through a prescription system.", "Prohibition of drugs __knowledge__ For example, amphetamines may be legal to possess if a doctor has prescribed them; otherwise, possession or sale of the drug is typically a criminal offence.", "Prohibition of drugs __knowledge__ Only certain drugs are banned with a \"blanket prohibition\" against all possession or use (e.g., LSD, a psychedelic that was once used medicinally).", "Recreational drug use __knowledge__ Recreational drug use is the use of a psychoactive drug to induce an altered state of consciousness for pleasure, by modifying the perceptions, feelings, and emotions of the user.", "Recreational drug use __knowledge__ When a psychoactive drug enters the user's body, it induces an intoxicating effect.", "Recreational drug use __knowledge__ Generally, recreational drugs are in three categories: depressants (drugs that induce a feeling of relaxation and calm); stimulants (drugs that induce a sense of energy and alertness); and hallucinogens (drugs that induce perceptual distortions such as hallucination).", "Recreational drug use __knowledge__ In popular practice, recreational drug use generally is a tolerated social behaviour, rather than perceived as the serious medical condition of self-medication." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ There are several known mechanisms of action to explain the effects of caffeine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ The most prominent is that it reversibly blocks the action of adenosine on its receptor and consequently prevents the onset of drowsiness induced by adenosine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine also stimulates certain portions of the autonomic nervous system.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline purine, a methylxanthine alkaloid, and is chemically related to the adenine and guanine bases of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).", "Caffeine __knowledge__ It is found in the seeds, nuts, or leaves of a number of plants native to South America and East Asia and helps to protect them against predator insects and to prevent germination of nearby seeds.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ The most well known source of caffeine is the coffee bean, a misnomer for the seed of \"Coffea\" plants.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Beverages containing caffeine are ingested to relieve or prevent drowsiness and to improve performance.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ To make these drinks, caffeine is extracted by steeping the plant product in water, a process called infusion.", "List of Donkey Kong characters __knowledge__ This page lists all the characters from the \"Donkey Kong\" franchise.", "List of Donkey Kong characters __knowledge__ The Kongs are a group of apes (mostly gorillas) and monkeys.", "List of Donkey Kong characters __knowledge__ The Kong Family (also known as the Kong Klan and the DK Crew) is the name of all of Donkey Kong's family and friends.", "List of Donkey Kong characters __knowledge__ Though they share the same last name, not all of them are related to one another.", "List of Donkey Kong characters __knowledge__ Instead, the name is a sign of their union as a species, tribe and/or clan.", "List of Donkey Kong characters __knowledge__ Thus, membership in the Kong Family appears to be earned.", "List of Donkey Kong characters __knowledge__ They are always at odds with the evil Kremling Krew who are always attempting to steal their Banana Hoard or kidnap them.", "List of Donkey Kong characters __knowledge__ In some games, they are playable or supporting characters.", "Mr. Cranky __knowledge__ Mr. Cranky, a satirical film critic, was created in 1995 by Jason Katzman and Hans Bjordahl.", "Mr. Cranky __knowledge__ The Cranky personae premises that all movies are terrible; at issue, solely, is the severity of pain, insult, discomfort or idiocy projected, injected, ingested, subjected or otherwise presented.", "Mr. Cranky __knowledge__ There are no good films in the Cranky pantheon; only films which inflict greater or lesser suffering.", "Mr. Cranky __knowledge__ Subtextually, the Mr. Cranky website is a comment on an uncritical film-reviewing culture.", "Mr. Cranky __knowledge__ In contrast to boilerplate, overly effusive reviews—often including declarations that incorporate a film's theme or title in a pun or play-on-words—the Cranky review is received on the originality of its portrayal of physical suffering and mental anguish effected by the viewing experience.", "Where's My Water? __knowledge__ Where's My Water?", "Where's My Water? __knowledge__ is a puzzle video game developed by Creature Feep and published by Disney Mobile, a subsidiary of Disney Interactive Studios.", "Where's My Water? __knowledge__ Released for desktop web browsers and devices using iOS, Android, Windows Phone and BlackBerry 10 operating systems, the game requires players to route a supply of water to an alligator.", "Where's My Water? __knowledge__ \"Where's My Water?\"", "Where's My Water? __knowledge__ has been praised for its gameplay and its graphical style, with special recognition of its lead character, Swampy, the first original Disney character for a mobile game, voiced by actor, Justin T. Bowler.", "Where's My Water? __knowledge__ The game has inspired multiple spin-offs including: \"Where's My Perry?", "Donkey Kong (character) __knowledge__ DK debuted at the same time as Mario, and he still appears with Mario on occasion, appearing as a playable character in the \"Mario Kart\" and \"Super Smash Bros.\" series, and is the primary antagonist in the \"Mario vs. Donkey Kong\" games.", "Donkey Kong (character) __knowledge__ In 1981, Nintendo was pursuing a license to make a game based on the \"Popeye\" comic strip.", "Donkey Kong (character) __knowledge__ When this fell through, Nintendo decided that it would take the opportunity to create new characters that could then be marketed and used in later games.", "Donkey Kong (character) __knowledge__ Shigeru Miyamoto came up with many characters and plot concepts, but he eventually settled on a gorilla/carpenter/girlfriend love triangle that mirrored the rivalry between Bluto and Popeye for Olive Oyl.", "Donkey Kong Land __knowledge__ Donkey Kong Land is a platform video game for the Game Boy developed by Rare and published by Nintendo.", "Donkey Kong Land __knowledge__ It was first released in June 1995 and later for the Nintendo 3DS Virtual Console in 2014.", "Donkey Kong Land __knowledge__ The game is the portable spin-off of the original title, \"Donkey Kong Country\" for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System, which spawned its own series alongside the main series.", "Donkey Kong Land __knowledge__ \"Donkey Kong Land\" was enhanced for the Super Game Boy and was packaged with a \"banana yellow\" cartridge which was later used for its sequels.", "Donkey Kong Land __knowledge__ Many of the games backgrounds elements, character models, and sound effects were directly ported from the Super NES version onto the Game Boy, retaining the same style as the original.", "Tale of the Brave __knowledge__ Thomas & Friends: Tale of the Brave is a 2014 direct-to-video CGI animated musical horror adventure film of Thomas & Friends.", "Tale of the Brave __knowledge__ The animation was provided by Arc Productions.", "Tale of the Brave __knowledge__ The film stars Ben Small and Martin Sherman as Thomas the Tank Engine in the UK and the US respectively.", "Tale of the Brave __knowledge__ Co-stars include Keith Wickham, Kerry Shale, William Hope and Teresa Gallagher.", "Tale of the Brave __knowledge__ This is the last movie to have Ben Small and Martin Sherman in the voice cast.", "Tale of the Brave __knowledge__ Tim Whitnall, Clive Mantle and Olivia Colman join the cast.", "Tale of the Brave __knowledge__ A bridge on Thomas' Branch Line is closed for maintenance, so Thomas has to go and work at the Clay Pits.", "Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze __knowledge__ Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze is a side-scrolling platformer video game developed by Retro Studios, with assistance from Monster Games, and published by Nintendo for the Wii U.", "Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze __knowledge__ The fifth installment in the main \"Donkey Kong Country\" series, \"Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze\" is the direct sequel to the 2010 Wii game, \"Donkey Kong Country Returns\", and was released worldwide in February 2014.", "Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze __knowledge__ A port for the Nintendo Switch will be released in May 2018.", "Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze __knowledge__ The game continues on from the side-scrolling platform gameplay of the \"Donkey Kong Country\" series and sees Donkey Kong and his friends travelling through six different islands in order to defeat the Snowmads.", "Psychoactive drug __knowledge__ A psychoactive drug, psychopharmaceutical, or psychotropic is a chemical substance that changes brain function and results in alterations in perception, mood, consciousness or behavior.", "Psychoactive drug __knowledge__ These substances may be used medically; recreationally; to purposefully improve performance or alter one's consciousness; as entheogens; for ritual, spiritual, or shamanic purposes; or for research.", "Psychoactive drug __knowledge__ Some categories of psychoactive drugs, which have therapeutic value, are prescribed by physicians and other healthcare practitioners.", "Psychoactive drug __knowledge__ Examples include anesthetics, analgesics, anticonvulsant and antiparkinsonian drugs as well as medications used to treat neuropsychiatric disorders, such as antidepressants, anxiolytics, antipsychotics, and stimulant medications.", "Stimulant __knowledge__ Stimulants (also often referred to as psychostimulants or colloquially as uppers) is an overarching term that covers many drugs including those that increase activity of the body, drugs that are pleasurable and invigorating, or drugs that have sympathomimetic effects.", "Stimulant __knowledge__ Stimulants are widely used throughout the world as prescription medicines as well as without a prescription (either legally or illicitly) as performance-enhancing or recreational drugs.", "Stimulant __knowledge__ The most frequently prescribed stimulants as of 2013 were lisdexamfetamine, methylphenidate, and amphetamine.", "Stimulant __knowledge__ It is estimated that the percentage of the population that has abused amphetamine-type stimulants (e.g., amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDMA, etc.)", "Cannabis (drug) __knowledge__ Cannabis, also known as marijuana among other names, is a psychoactive drug from the \"Cannabis\" plant intended for medical or recreational use.", "Cannabis (drug) __knowledge__ The main psychoactive part of cannabis is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC); one of 483 known compounds in the plant, including at least 65 other cannabinoids.", "Cannabis (drug) __knowledge__ Cannabis can be used by smoking, vaporizing, within food, or as an extract.", "Cannabis (drug) __knowledge__ Cannabis is often used for its mental and physical effects, such as a \"high\" or \"stoned\" feeling, a general change in perception, euphoria (heightened mood), and an increase in appetite.", "Cannabis (drug) __knowledge__ Onset of effects is within minutes when smoked, and about 30 to 60 minutes when cooked and eaten.", "Psychopharmacology __knowledge__ Psychopharmacology (from Greek , \"psȳkhē\", \"breath, life, soul\"; , \"pharmakon\", \"drug\"; and , \"-logia\") is the scientific study of the effects drugs have on mood, sensation, thinking, and behavior.", "Psychopharmacology __knowledge__ It is distinguished from neuropsychopharmacology, which emphasizes the correlation between drug-induced changes in the functioning of cells in the nervous system and changes in consciousness and behavior.", "Psychopharmacology __knowledge__ The field of psychopharmacology studies a wide range of substances with various types of psychoactive properties, focusing primarily on the chemical interactions with the brain.", "Psychopharmacology __knowledge__ The term \"psychopharmacology\" was probably first coined by David Macht in 1920.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ Panic attacks are sudden periods of intense fear that may include palpitations, sweating, shaking, shortness of breath, numbness, or a feeling that something really bad is going to happen.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ The maximum degree of symptoms occurs within minutes.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ There may be ongoing worries about having further attacks and avoidance of places where attacks have occurred in the past.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ The cause of panic disorder is unknown.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ Panic disorder often runs in families.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ Risk factors include smoking, psychological stress, and a history of child abuse.", "Evolutionary models of human drug use __knowledge__ The use of psychoactive substances is one of the most perplexing human behaviors.", "Evolutionary models of human drug use __knowledge__ Psychoactive drugs can relieve the symptoms of mental disorders (e.g.", "Evolutionary models of human drug use __knowledge__ lithium) or cause harm to individuals and societies (e.g.", "Evolutionary models of human drug use __knowledge__ heroin).", "Evolutionary models of human drug use __knowledge__ Psychoactive drugs can induce pleasure, increase energy (e.g.", "Evolutionary models of human drug use __knowledge__ chocolate, coffee), relieve pain (Aspirin), or can impose a large social burden in the form of chronic illness (e.g.", "Evolutionary models of human drug use __knowledge__ tobacco) and be a cause of mortality.", "Evolutionary models of human drug use __knowledge__ Why do humans seek out and at times even develop addictions to drugs that harm them?", "Evolutionary models of human drug use __knowledge__ A number of attempts have been made to understand drug use and addiction from an evolutionary perspective." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ There are several known mechanisms of action to explain the effects of caffeine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ The most prominent is that it reversibly blocks the action of adenosine on its receptor and consequently prevents the onset of drowsiness induced by adenosine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine also stimulates certain portions of the autonomic nervous system.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline purine, a methylxanthine alkaloid, and is chemically related to the adenine and guanine bases of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).", "Caffeine __knowledge__ It is found in the seeds, nuts, or leaves of a number of plants native to South America and East Asia and helps to protect them against predator insects and to prevent germination of nearby seeds.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ The most well known source of caffeine is the coffee bean, a misnomer for the seed of \"Coffea\" plants.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Beverages containing caffeine are ingested to relieve or prevent drowsiness and to improve performance.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ To make these drinks, caffeine is extracted by steeping the plant product in water, a process called infusion.", "Earned income tax credit __knowledge__ The United States federal earned income tax credit or earned income credit (EITC or EIC) is a refundable tax credit for low- to moderate-income working individuals and couples, particularly those with children.", "Earned income tax credit __knowledge__ The amount of EITC benefit depends on a recipient’s income and number of children.", "Earned income tax credit __knowledge__ For a person or couple to claim one or more persons as their qualifying child, requirements such as relationship, age, and shared residency must be met.", "Earned income tax credit __knowledge__ In the 2013 tax year, working families, if they have children, with annual incomes below $37,870 to $51,567 (depending on the number of dependent children) may be eligible for the federal EITC.", "Age of candidacy __knowledge__ Age of candidacy is the minimum age at which a person can legally qualify to hold certain elected government offices.", "Age of candidacy __knowledge__ In many cases, it also determines the age at which a person may be eligible to stand for an election or be granted ballot access.", "Age of candidacy __knowledge__ The first known example of a law enforcing age of candidacy was the \"Lex Villia Annalis\", a Roman law enacted in 180 BCE which set the minimum ages for senatorial magistrates.", "Age of candidacy __knowledge__ Many youth rights groups view current age of candidacy requirements as unjustified age discrimination.", "Age of candidacy __knowledge__ Occasionally people who are younger than the minimum age will run for an office in protest of the requirement or because they don't know that the requirement exists.", "Child marriage __knowledge__ Child marriage is a formal marriage or informal union entered into by an individual before reaching a certain age, specified by some global organizations as high as the age of 18.", "Child marriage __knowledge__ The legally prescribed marriageable age in some jurisdictions is below 18 years, especially in the case of girls; and even when the age is set at 18 years, many jurisdictions permit earlier marriage with parental consent or in special circumstances, such as teenage pregnancy.", "Child marriage __knowledge__ In certain countries, even when the legal marriage age is 18, cultural traditions take priority over legislative law.", "Child marriage __knowledge__ Child marriage violates the rights of children, it affects both boys and girls, though it is more common among girls.", "Age requirements in gymnastics __knowledge__ The age requirements in gymnastics are established by the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG) and regulate the age at which athletes are allowed to participate in senior-level competitions.", "Age requirements in gymnastics __knowledge__ In the latter half of the 20th century, a series of controversies arose with regard to gymnast ages, some of them leading to sanctions by FIG, and paving the way for the age requirements to be raised from 14 to 15 in 1981, and then to 16 in 1997.", "Age requirements in gymnastics __knowledge__ Prior to 1981, the minimum required age to compete in senior events sanctioned by the FIG (including the Olympic Games) was 14.", "Age requirements in gymnastics __knowledge__ The earliest champions in women's gymnastics tended to be in their 20s; most had studied ballet for years before entering the sport.", "Canadian nationality law __knowledge__ Canadian nationality law is promulgated by the Citizenship Act (R.S.C., 1985, c. C-29) since 1977.", "Canadian nationality law __knowledge__ The Act determines who is, or is eligible to be, a citizen of Canada.", "Canadian nationality law __knowledge__ The Act replaced the previous Canadian Citizenship Act (S.C. 1946, c. 15; cited after 1970 as R.S.C.", "Canadian nationality law __knowledge__ 1970, c. C-19) in 1977 and has gone through four significant amendments, in 2007, 2009, 2015 and 2017.", "Canadian nationality law __knowledge__ Canadian citizenship is typically obtained by birth in Canada on the principle of \"jus soli\", or birth abroad when at least one parent is a Canadian citizen or by adoption by at least one Canadian citizen under the rules of \"jus sanguinis\".", "Louisiana Lottery Corporation __knowledge__ The Louisiana Lottery Corporation (LLC) is a government-run lottery that is used to generate revenue without increasing taxes.", "Louisiana Lottery Corporation __knowledge__ The proceeds of the Lottery go to the Minimum Foundation Program that funds public education in Louisiana.", "Louisiana Lottery Corporation __knowledge__ The daily activities involved with running the cooperation are handled by the president of the Louisiana Lottery Cooperation.", "Louisiana Lottery Corporation __knowledge__ The president is under the supervision of the Lottery's nine-member governing board of directors.", "Louisiana Lottery Corporation __knowledge__ The Lottery offers full and part-time employment in a total of 6 different cities in the State of Louisiana.", "Louisiana Lottery Corporation __knowledge__ Over half of the Lottery sales are for prize expenses.", "Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation, Inc. __knowledge__ Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation, Inc., 525 U.S. 182 (1999), was a United States Supreme Court case that dealt with the authority of states to regulate the electoral process, and the point at which state regulations of the electoral process violate the First Amendment freedoms.", "Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation, Inc. __knowledge__ Article V, section 1 of the Constitution of the state of Colorado allows its citizens to place particular initiatives and referenda on the electoral ballot, thus directly creating new laws.", "Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation, Inc. __knowledge__ Notable initiatives and referenda include the Colorado state capital referendum, in 1881; the Poundstone Amendment in 1974, about county annexations, which originated as an initiative; and the Gallagher Amendment on property taxes, in 1982.", "Hensbarrow Beacon __knowledge__ Hensbarrow Beacon is a hill in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.", "Hensbarrow Beacon __knowledge__ It is situated a mile north-west of Stenalees village at .", "Hensbarrow Beacon __knowledge__ It is the highest natural point of the Hensbarrow uplands, a natural region and national character area.", "Hensbarrow Beacon __knowledge__ The natural summit of Hensbarrow Beacon is 312m high and is marked by a trig point.", "Hensbarrow Beacon __knowledge__ It can be reached by a short walk from the road to the west.", "Hensbarrow Beacon __knowledge__ However, the summit is overtopped by several large spoil heaps from the nearby china clay workings, the highest of which rises to 355 m, therefore creating an 'artificial' summit 43 metres higher than the natural one.", "Hensbarrow Beacon __knowledge__ Geographically, the hill is also the highest point of the St Austell Downs, a large region of downland to the north-west of St Austell.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "List of Schlock Mercenary characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters from Schlock Mercenary, a space opera webcomic.", "List of Schlock Mercenary characters __knowledge__ A carbosilicate amorph \"everyman\" who packs a plasgun with the onomatopoeic charging sound of \"ommminous hummmm\".", "List of Schlock Mercenary characters __knowledge__ He normally appears as a large greenish-brown mass coming up to about normal human chest height, shaped like a cow-pat with a mouth and eyes, though he can: His mouth is normally his only orifice, with which he eats, breathes, smells, excretes, and conceals weaponry.", "List of Schlock Mercenary characters __knowledge__ His only specialized organs are his eyes, which are not native to his body, but rather harvested from \"eye trees.\"", "List of Schlock Mercenary characters __knowledge__ He originally had two eyes for the first part of his life, which were sliced out by a baby diamond beetle during Schlocktoberfest 2001, but he got another pair from the eye tree plantation on his home planet.", "Former state routes in Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The following is a list of former state routes in Pennsylvania.", "Former state routes in Pennsylvania __knowledge__ These roads are now either parts of other routes or no longer carry a traffic route number.", "Former state routes in Pennsylvania __knowledge__ This list also includes original routes of numbers that were decommissioned and later reactivated in other locations in which most of these are still active today.", "Former state routes in Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Pennsylvania Route 1 was the designation for the Lincoln Highway in Pennsylvania between 1924 and 1928.", "Former state routes in Pennsylvania __knowledge__ It is now US 30 west of Philadelphia and US 1 east of Philadelphia.", "Former state routes in Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The former Pennsylvania Route 2 was the designation for the Lackawanna Trail and was formed in 1924, running south to north from Philadelphia to the New York state line for a distance of .", "Fort Lee lane closure scandal __knowledge__ The Fort Lee lane closure scandal, also known as the George Washington Bridge lane closure scandal or Bridgegate, is a U.S. political scandal in which a staff member and political appointees of New Jersey Governor Chris Christie (R) colluded to create traffic jams in Fort Lee, New Jersey, by closing lanes at the main toll plaza for the upper level of the George Washington Bridge.", "Fort Lee lane closure scandal __knowledge__ The problems began on Monday, September 9, 2013, when two of three toll lanes for a local street entrance were closed during morning rush hour.", "Fort Lee lane closure scandal __knowledge__ Local officials, emergency services, and the public were not notified of the lane closures, which Fort Lee declared a threat to public safety.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\"." ] ]

[ 2, 47, 3, 10 ]

[ "You're one of a minority now. Caffeine is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug! Everyone's doin it man...", "Being a psychoactive drug, caffeine can definitely have that effect on people. It is a substance that changes brain function and can alter mood, perception or behavior.", "Yeah it certainly has it's withdrawels. Even with all that, it's funny how it's basically one of the only unregulated and legal PA substnaces in nearly all parts of the world.", "Yeah as long as parents agreed, I wouldn't have a problem with kids needing permission to take a substance to relieve or prevent drowsiness and improve performance." ]

[ "Caffeine", "Caffeine", "Caffeine", "Caffeine" ]

[ "Prince (musician)\nTell me more about prince the musician", "What inspired his musical career?", "Did he get a degree in music?", "how much did he make as a musician?", "was he ever married?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince Rogers Nelson (June 7, 1958 – April 21, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and director.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, rock, R&B, new wave, soul, psychedelia, and pop.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He won eight Grammy Awards, six American Music Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award for the 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince was born in Minneapolis and developed an interest in music as a young child.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He signed a recording contract with Warner Bros. Records at the age of 17, and released his debut album \"For You\" in 1978.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His 1979 album \"Prince\" went platinum, and his next three records—\"Dirty Mind\" (1980), \"Controversy\" (1981), and \"1999\" (1982)—continued his success, showcasing Prince's prominently sexual lyrics and blending of funk, dance, and rock music.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ In 1984, he began referring to his backup band as The Revolution and released \"Purple Rain\", the soundtrack album to his film debut.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Puyi __knowledge__ Puyi or Pu Yi (; 7 February 190617 October 1967), of the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan, was the last Emperor of China and the twelfth and final ruler of the Qing dynasty.", "Puyi __knowledge__ When he was a child, he reigned as the Xuantong Emperor (; Manchu: \"gehungge yoso hūwangdi\") in China and Khevt Yos Khaan in Mongolia from 1908 until his forced abdication on 12 February 1912, after the Xinhai Revolution.", "Puyi __knowledge__ From 1–12 July 1917, he was briefly restored to the throne as emperor by the warlord Zhang Xun.", "Puyi __knowledge__ In 1932 after the occupation of Manchuria, the state of Manchukuo was established by Japan, and he was chosen to become 'Emperor' of the new state using the era-name of Datong (Ta-tung).", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in the \"Shrek\" franchise and spin-offs from it.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Shrek (voiced by Mike Myers, Michael Gough as his official voice in the video games) is the lead character in of all of the films.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He prides himself on being a big, green, terrifying ogre and is ill-tempered and mean.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ He begins the series as an unsociable hermit until he meets his soon-to-be best friend, Donkey.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ In a deal with Lord Farquaad, he and Donkey embark on a quest to save Princess Fiona from the castle in which she was confined.", "List of Shrek characters __knowledge__ Despite their differences, Shrek and Fiona fall in love, marry at the end of the first film, and have three ogre babies in the third film.", "Tell Brak __knowledge__ Tell Brak (Nagar, Nawar) was an ancient city in Syrial; its remains constitute a tell located in the Upper Khabur region, near the modern village of Tell Brak, 50 kilometers north-east of Al-Hasaka city, Al-Hasakah Governorate.", "Tell Brak __knowledge__ The city's original name is unknown.", "Tell Brak __knowledge__ During the second half of the third millennium BC, the city was known as Nagar and later on, Nawar.", "Tell Brak __knowledge__ Starting as a small settlement in the seventh millennium BC, Tell Brak evolved during the fourth millennium BC into one of the biggest cities in Upper Mesopotamia, and interacted with the cultures of southern Mesopotamia.", "Tell Brak __knowledge__ The city shrank in size at the beginning of the third millennium BC with the end of Uruk period, before expanding again around c. 2600 BC, when it became known as Nagar, and was the capital of a regional kingdom that controlled the Khabur river valley.", "The Leopard __knowledge__ The Leopard ( ) is a novel by Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa that chronicles the changes in Sicilian life and society during the \"Risorgimento\".", "The Leopard __knowledge__ Published posthumously in 1958 by Feltrinelli, after two rejections by the leading Italian publishing houses Mondadori and Einaudi, it became the top-selling novel in Italian history and is considered one of the most important novels in modern Italian literature.", "The Leopard __knowledge__ In 1959, it won Italy's highest award for fiction, the Strega Prize.", "The Leopard __knowledge__ In 2012, \"The Observer\" named it as one of \"the 10 best historical novels\".", "The Leopard __knowledge__ The novel was also made into an award-winning 1963 film of the same name, directed by Luchino Visconti and starring Burt Lancaster, Claudia Cardinale and Alain Delon.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince Rogers Nelson (June 7, 1958 – April 21, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and director.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, rock, R&B, new wave, soul, psychedelia, and pop.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He won eight Grammy Awards, six American Music Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award for the 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince was born in Minneapolis and developed an interest in music as a young child.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He signed a recording contract with Warner Bros. Records at the age of 17, and released his debut album \"For You\" in 1978.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His 1979 album \"Prince\" went platinum, and his next three records—\"Dirty Mind\" (1980), \"Controversy\" (1981), and \"1999\" (1982)—continued his success, showcasing Prince's prominently sexual lyrics and blending of funk, dance, and rock music.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ In 1984, he began referring to his backup band as The Revolution and released \"Purple Rain\", the soundtrack album to his film debut.", "Tom Lehrer __knowledge__ Thomas Andrew Lehrer (; born April 9, 1928) is a retired American musician, singer-songwriter, satirist, and mathematician.", "Tom Lehrer __knowledge__ He has lectured on mathematics and musical theater.", "Tom Lehrer __knowledge__ He is best known for the pithy, humorous songs he recorded in the 1950s and 1960s.", "Tom Lehrer __knowledge__ Lehrer’s work often parodies popular song forms, though he usually creates original melodies when doing so.", "Tom Lehrer __knowledge__ A notable exception is \"The Elements\", where he sets the names of the chemical elements to the tune of the Major-General's song from Gilbert and Sullivan's \"Pirates of Penzance\".", "Tom Lehrer __knowledge__ Lehrer's early work typically dealt with non-topical subject matter and was noted for its black humor in songs such as \"Poisoning Pigeons in the Park\".", "Cat Stevens __knowledge__ Yusuf Islam (born Steven Demetre Georgiou; ), commonly known by his former stage name Cat Stevens, is a British singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist.", "Cat Stevens __knowledge__ His 1967 debut album reached the top 10 in the UK, and the album's title song \"Matthew and Son\" charted at number 2 on the UK Singles Chart.", "Cat Stevens __knowledge__ Stevens' albums \"Tea for the Tillerman\" (1970) and \"Teaser and the Firecat\" (1971) were both certified triple platinum in the US by the RIAA.", "Cat Stevens __knowledge__ His musical style consists of folk, pop, rock, and Islamic music.", "Cat Stevens __knowledge__ His 1972 album \"Catch Bull at Four\" spent three weeks at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200, and fifteen weeks at number one in the Australian ARIA Charts.", "Selena __knowledge__ Selena Quintanilla-Pérez ( or ; April 16, 1971 – March 31, 1995) was an American singer, songwriter, spokesperson, model, actress, and fashion designer.", "Selena __knowledge__ Called the Queen of Tejano music, her contributions to music and fashion made her one of the most celebrated Mexican-American entertainers of the late 20th century.", "Selena __knowledge__ \"Billboard\" magazine named her the top selling Latin artist of the 1990s decade, while her posthumous collaboration with MAC cosmetics became the best-selling celebrity collection in cosmetics history.", "Selena __knowledge__ Media outlets called her the \"Tejano Madonna\" for her clothing choices.", "Selena __knowledge__ She also ranks among the most influential Latin artists of all time and is credited for catapulting a music genre into the mainstream market.", "Paul Simon __knowledge__ Paul Frederic Simon (born October 13, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter and actor.", "Paul Simon __knowledge__ Simon's musical career has spanned seven decades, with his fame and commercial success beginning as half of the duo Simon & Garfunkel, which was formed in 1964 with Art Garfunkel.", "Paul Simon __knowledge__ Simon was responsible for writing nearly all of the pair's songs, including three that reached No.", "Paul Simon __knowledge__ 1 on the U.S. singles charts: \"The Sound of Silence\", \"Mrs. Robinson\", and \"Bridge over Troubled Water\".", "Paul Simon __knowledge__ The duo split up in 1970 at the height of their popularity and Simon began a successful solo career as a guitarist and singer-songwriter, recording three highly acclaimed albums over the next five years.", "Felix Mendelssohn __knowledge__ Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy (3 February 1809 4 November 1847), born and widely known as Felix Mendelssohn, was a German composer, pianist, organist and conductor of the early romantic period.", "Felix Mendelssohn __knowledge__ Mendelssohn wrote symphonies, concertos, oratorios, piano music and chamber music.", "Felix Mendelssohn __knowledge__ His best-known works include his Overture and incidental music for \"A Midsummer Night's Dream\", the \"Italian Symphony\", the \"Scottish Symphony\", the overture \"The Hebrides\", his mature Violin Concerto, and his String Octet.", "Felix Mendelssohn __knowledge__ His \"Songs Without Words\" are his most famous solo piano compositions.", "Felix Mendelssohn __knowledge__ After a long period of relative denigration due to changing musical tastes and antisemitism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, his creative originality has been re-evaluated.", "Abdul Rahim Sarban __knowledge__ Abdul-Rahim Mahmoody Sārbān (), known simply as Sarban, was an Afghan singer (1930 – April 2, 1993) Born in Kabul, Afghanistan he is known for his unique voice and music style that no other singer from Afghanistan has been able to surpass.", "Abdul Rahim Sarban __knowledge__ Sarban's songs are unrivalled for their choice of poetry, originality of composition, and sophisticated orchestration.", "Abdul Rahim Sarban __knowledge__ Known as the Frank Sinatra of Afghanistan, he was the first Afghan artist to break away from the prevalent musical forms in Afghanistan at the time, namely the Indian inspired pure classical tradition (epitomized by Ustad Sarahang, Rahim Bakhsh and others), and the 'mohali' (regional & folk) musical traditions exemplified by the Pashto music, logari, qataghani, qarsak etc.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ Sir James Paul McCartney, (born 18 June 1942), is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and composer.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ He gained worldwide fame as the bass guitarist and singer for the rock band the Beatles, widely considered the most popular and influential group in the history of pop music.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ His songwriting partnership with John Lennon was the most successful of the post-war era.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ After the group disbanded in 1970, he pursued a solo career and formed the band Wings with his first wife, Linda, and Denny Laine.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ McCartney is one of the most successful composers and performers of all time.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ More than 2,200 artists have covered his Beatles song \"Yesterday\", making it one of the most covered songs in popular music history.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ John Lewis Nelson (June 29, 1916 – August 25, 2001), also known as his stage name Prince Rogers, was an American jazz musician and songwriter.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ He was the father of musicians Prince and Tyka Nelson and a credited co-writer on some of his son's songs.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ Nelson was born in Webster Parish, Louisiana, the son of Carrie (Jenkins) and Clarence Nelson.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ The Nelsons had four other children.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ He traveled to Minneapolis to become a musician in 1948.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ Playing the piano, he used \"Prince Rogers\" as a stage name and started a band called \"The Prince Rogers Trio\" with local musicians.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ In 1956, he met Mattie Della Shaw (November 11, 1933 – February 15, 2002) at a show on the north side of Minneapolis.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ Christopher Moon, better known as Chris Moon, is an American music producer, recording engineer and songwriter of British origin.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ He is best known for discovering Prince, helping him create his artistic name and style, and co-writing his early songs, most notably his first single \"Soft and Wet\".", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ At the age of 13, Chris Moon moved with his family from the United Kingdom to Hawaii.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ He arrived in Minneapolis in 1967.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ When he was 17, he purchased a multi-channel reel-to-reel and a camera in Hong Kong in order to start a career in music and photography.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ Moon built his first recording studio in the basement of his house in Minneapolis and did fashion photography on location.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson (March 19, 1812 – August 24, 1873) was an American attorney, politician, and judge, active primarily in East Tennessee during the mid-19th century.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ He represented Tennessee's 1st Congressional District in the 36th U.S. Congress (1859–1861), where he gained a reputation as a staunch pro-Union southerner.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ He was elected to a second term in 1861 on the eve of the Civil War, but was arrested by Confederate authorities before he could take his seat.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ As early as the 1830s, Nelson had gained a reputation as an effective Whig Party campaigner, but due to family considerations, he did not run for office until 1859.", "Ween __knowledge__ Ween is an American alternative rock band formed in New Hope, Pennsylvania, in 1984 by childhood friends Aaron Freeman and Mickey Melchiondo, better known by their respective stage names, Gene Ween and Dean Ween.", "Ween __knowledge__ After meeting in a middle-school typing class, the two began playing music and immediately chose the name Ween as well as their Ramones-inspired pseudonyms.", "Ween __knowledge__ Ween performed as a duo backed by a Digital Audio Tape for the band's first ten years of existence before expanding to a four- (and later five-) piece act.", "Ween __knowledge__ The band's highest charting single is \"Push th' Little Daisies\", which was a hit in the United States and Australia.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Harrison is a neighborhood in the Near North community in Minneapolis, Minnesota, located to the west of downtown.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Its boundaries are roughly, Olson Memorial Highway to the north, Lyndale Avenue to the east, Bassett Creek to the south, and Theodore Wirth Park to the west.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ One of Prince's childhood homes is located in the Harrison Neighborhood at 539 Newton Avenue North.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Sources vary as to the years that Prince resided at this address.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ He reportedly lived here with his father some of the time after his parents' breakup and before moving into the Bernadette Anderson household at 1244 Russell Avenue North.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ Precious Wilson (born 18 October 1957 in Spanish Town, Jamaica) is a soul singer.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ Precious Wilson started out as a backing singer for the all-male group Eruption.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ The group enjoyed their first minor success when they won a talent competition in 1975, and then went on to record the song \"Let Me Take You Back in Time\".", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ Shortly after, the lead singer left the group, and Precious Wilson stepped forward to front the band.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ The group then relocated to Germany in 1976, and the following year in 1977, while on the road touring in Germany, Eruption was introduced to German producer Frank Farian who booked them to work with Boney M as their backing band, and as their support act on Boney M's first European tour." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince Rogers Nelson (June 7, 1958 – April 21, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and director.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, rock, R&B, new wave, soul, psychedelia, and pop.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He won eight Grammy Awards, six American Music Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award for the 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince was born in Minneapolis and developed an interest in music as a young child.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He signed a recording contract with Warner Bros. Records at the age of 17, and released his debut album \"For You\" in 1978.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His 1979 album \"Prince\" went platinum, and his next three records—\"Dirty Mind\" (1980), \"Controversy\" (1981), and \"1999\" (1982)—continued his success, showcasing Prince's prominently sexual lyrics and blending of funk, dance, and rock music.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ In 1984, he began referring to his backup band as The Revolution and released \"Purple Rain\", the soundtrack album to his film debut.", "Bachelor's degree __knowledge__ A bachelor's degree (from Middle Latin \"baccalaureus\") or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin \"baccalaureatus\") is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to seven years (depending on institution and academic discipline).", "Bachelor's degree __knowledge__ In some institutions and educational systems, some bachelor's degrees can only be taken as graduate or postgraduate degrees after a first degree has been completed.", "Bachelor's degree __knowledge__ In countries with qualifications frameworks, bachelor's degrees are normally one of the major levels in the framework (sometimes two levels where non-honours and honours bachelor's degrees are considered separately), although some qualifications titled bachelor's degrees may be at other levels (e.g.", "Academic degree __knowledge__ An academic degree is a qualification awarded to students upon successful completion of a course of study in higher education, normally at a college or university.", "Academic degree __knowledge__ These institutions commonly offer degrees at various levels, typically including bachelor's, master’s and doctorates, often alongside other academic certificates, and professional degrees.", "Academic degree __knowledge__ The most common undergraduate degree is the bachelor's degree, although in some countries lower qualifications are titled degrees (e.g.", "Academic degree __knowledge__ associate degrees in the US or foundation degrees in the UK) while in others a higher-level first degree is more usual.", "Licentiate (degree) __knowledge__ A licentiate is a degree below that of a PhD given by universities in some countries.", "Licentiate (degree) __knowledge__ The term is also used for a person who holds this degree.", "Licentiate (degree) __knowledge__ The term derives from Latin \"licentia\", \"freedom\" (from Latin \"licere\", \"to allow\"), which is applied in the phrases \"licentia docendi\" meaning \"permission to teach\" and \"licentia ad practicandum\" signifying someone who holds a certificate of competence to practise a profession.", "Licentiate (degree) __knowledge__ Many countries have degrees with this title, but they may represent different educational levels.", "Licentiate (degree) __knowledge__ Originally, for the student in the medieval university the \"licentia docendi\" was of a somewhat different nature than the academic degrees of bachelor, master or doctor.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Women in music __knowledge__ Women in music describes the role of women as composers, songwriters, instrumental performers, singers, conductors, music scholars, music educators, music critics/music journalists and other musical professions.", "Women in music __knowledge__ As well, it describes music movements (e.g., women's music, which is music written and performed by women for women), events and genres related to women, women's issues and feminism.", "Women in music __knowledge__ In the 2010s, while women comprise a significant proportion of popular music and classical music singers, and a significant proportion of songwriters (many of them being singer-songwriters), there are few women record producers, rock critics and rock instrumentalists.", "Doctor of Philosophy __knowledge__ A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., DPhil, or Dr.", "Doctor of Philosophy __knowledge__ phil.", "Doctor of Philosophy __knowledge__ ; Latin ) is the highest academic degree awarded by universities in most countries.", "Doctor of Philosophy __knowledge__ PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields.", "Doctor of Philosophy __knowledge__ The completion of a PhD is often a requirement for employment as a university professor, researcher, or scientist in many fields.", "Doctor of Philosophy __knowledge__ Individuals who have earned a Doctor of Philosophy degree may, in most jurisdictions, use the title \"Doctor\" (often abbreviated \"Dr\") or, in non-English speaking countries, variants such as \"Dr.", "Doctor of Philosophy __knowledge__ phil.\"", "Doctor of Philosophy __knowledge__ with their name, and may use post-nominal letters such as \"Ph.D.\", \"PhD\" (depending on the awarding institute).", "List of master's degrees in North America __knowledge__ This list refers to specific master's degrees in North America.", "List of master's degrees in North America __knowledge__ Please see master's degree for a more general overview.", "List of master's degrees in North America __knowledge__ Master of Accountancy (MAcc, MAc, MAcy or MPAcc), alternatively Master of Professional Accountancy (MPAcy or MPA), or Master Science in Accountancy (MSAcy) is typically a one-year, non-thesis graduate program designed to prepare graduates for public accounting and to provide them with the 150 credit hours required by most states before taking the CPA exam.", "List of master's degrees in North America __knowledge__ Master of Accounting (MAcc) is an 8-month degree offered by the University of Waterloo, School of Accounting and Finance in Canada that satisfies the 51 credit hours and CKE exam requirement needed to write the Chartered Accountant Uniform Final Exam (UFE) in the province of Ontario.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ Christopher Moon, better known as Chris Moon, is an American music producer, recording engineer and songwriter of British origin.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ He is best known for discovering Prince, helping him create his artistic name and style, and co-writing his early songs, most notably his first single \"Soft and Wet\".", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ At the age of 13, Chris Moon moved with his family from the United Kingdom to Hawaii.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ He arrived in Minneapolis in 1967.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ When he was 17, he purchased a multi-channel reel-to-reel and a camera in Hong Kong in order to start a career in music and photography.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ Moon built his first recording studio in the basement of his house in Minneapolis and did fashion photography on location.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ John Lewis Nelson (June 29, 1916 – August 25, 2001), also known as his stage name Prince Rogers, was an American jazz musician and songwriter.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ He was the father of musicians Prince and Tyka Nelson and a credited co-writer on some of his son's songs.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ Nelson was born in Webster Parish, Louisiana, the son of Carrie (Jenkins) and Clarence Nelson.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ The Nelsons had four other children.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ He traveled to Minneapolis to become a musician in 1948.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ Playing the piano, he used \"Prince Rogers\" as a stage name and started a band called \"The Prince Rogers Trio\" with local musicians.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ In 1956, he met Mattie Della Shaw (November 11, 1933 – February 15, 2002) at a show on the north side of Minneapolis.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson (March 19, 1812 – August 24, 1873) was an American attorney, politician, and judge, active primarily in East Tennessee during the mid-19th century.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ He represented Tennessee's 1st Congressional District in the 36th U.S. Congress (1859–1861), where he gained a reputation as a staunch pro-Union southerner.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ He was elected to a second term in 1861 on the eve of the Civil War, but was arrested by Confederate authorities before he could take his seat.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ As early as the 1830s, Nelson had gained a reputation as an effective Whig Party campaigner, but due to family considerations, he did not run for office until 1859.", "Ween __knowledge__ Ween is an American alternative rock band formed in New Hope, Pennsylvania, in 1984 by childhood friends Aaron Freeman and Mickey Melchiondo, better known by their respective stage names, Gene Ween and Dean Ween.", "Ween __knowledge__ After meeting in a middle-school typing class, the two began playing music and immediately chose the name Ween as well as their Ramones-inspired pseudonyms.", "Ween __knowledge__ Ween performed as a duo backed by a Digital Audio Tape for the band's first ten years of existence before expanding to a four- (and later five-) piece act.", "Ween __knowledge__ The band's highest charting single is \"Push th' Little Daisies\", which was a hit in the United States and Australia.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Harrison is a neighborhood in the Near North community in Minneapolis, Minnesota, located to the west of downtown.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Its boundaries are roughly, Olson Memorial Highway to the north, Lyndale Avenue to the east, Bassett Creek to the south, and Theodore Wirth Park to the west.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ One of Prince's childhood homes is located in the Harrison Neighborhood at 539 Newton Avenue North.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Sources vary as to the years that Prince resided at this address.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ He reportedly lived here with his father some of the time after his parents' breakup and before moving into the Bernadette Anderson household at 1244 Russell Avenue North.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ Precious Wilson (born 18 October 1957 in Spanish Town, Jamaica) is a soul singer.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ Precious Wilson started out as a backing singer for the all-male group Eruption.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ The group enjoyed their first minor success when they won a talent competition in 1975, and then went on to record the song \"Let Me Take You Back in Time\".", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ Shortly after, the lead singer left the group, and Precious Wilson stepped forward to front the band.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ The group then relocated to Germany in 1976, and the following year in 1977, while on the road touring in Germany, Eruption was introduced to German producer Frank Farian who booked them to work with Boney M as their backing band, and as their support act on Boney M's first European tour." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince Rogers Nelson (June 7, 1958 – April 21, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and director.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, rock, R&B, new wave, soul, psychedelia, and pop.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He won eight Grammy Awards, six American Music Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award for the 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince was born in Minneapolis and developed an interest in music as a young child.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He signed a recording contract with Warner Bros. Records at the age of 17, and released his debut album \"For You\" in 1978.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His 1979 album \"Prince\" went platinum, and his next three records—\"Dirty Mind\" (1980), \"Controversy\" (1981), and \"1999\" (1982)—continued his success, showcasing Prince's prominently sexual lyrics and blending of funk, dance, and rock music.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ In 1984, he began referring to his backup band as The Revolution and released \"Purple Rain\", the soundtrack album to his film debut.", "Musicians of the Kingdom of Mysore __knowledge__ The Kingdom of Mysore (1399–1950) was founded by Yaduraya in 1399 as a feudatory of the Vijayanagara Empire and became an independent kingdom in the early 17th century, after the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire.", "Musicians of the Kingdom of Mysore __knowledge__ Many musicians and composers have presumably adorned the courts of the Mysore kings from Yaduraya's time, furthering the \"Dakshinadi\" school (southern school) of music that had developed in earlier centuries.", "Musicians of the Kingdom of Mysore __knowledge__ However, records are only available from the time of King Ranadheera Kanteerava Narasaraja Wodeyar (1638).", "Musicians of the Kingdom of Mysore __knowledge__ Musical treatises surviving from this time, though, provide ample information on the music, musical instruments, the types of compositions, the \"raga\" (melodies) and the \"tala\" (rhythms) used.", "Mingus: Charlie Mingus 1968 __knowledge__ Mingus: Charlie Mingus 1968 is a 1968 American documentary film directed by Thomas Reichman (1944-1975) that follows the later life of jazz musician Charles Mingus and his five-year-old daughter in 1966, as they are being evicted from his New York apartment for not paying the rent.", "Mingus: Charlie Mingus 1968 __knowledge__ Reichman talks with Mingus in a very personal setting as the film documents Mingus' outlook on society, women, music, his daughter, politics, and the country as a whole.", "Mingus: Charlie Mingus 1968 __knowledge__ The camera crew talks with Mingus conversationally and spends time with him and his daughter so that the film takes on an intimate air.", "Mingus: Charlie Mingus 1968 __knowledge__ The film highlights their way of life and how political and racial tensions affected people of the 1960s personally.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ A bass amplifier or \"bass amp\" is a musical instrument electronic device that uses electrical power to make lower-pitched instruments such as the bass guitar or double bass loud enough to be heard by the performers and audience.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ Bass amps typically consist of a preamplifier, tone controls, a power amplifier and one or more loudspeakers (\"drivers\") in a cabinet.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ While bass amps share many features with the guitar amplifiers used for electric guitar, such as providing an amplifier with tone and volume controls and a carrying handle, they are distinct from other types of amplification systems, due to the particular challenges associated with low-frequency sound reproduction.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series \"The Monkees\", which aired from 1966 to 1968.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British stage and television actor and singer Davy Jones.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner, backed by the songwriting duo of Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ A mandolin ( ; literally \"small mandola\") is a stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or \"pick\".", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the \"Neapolitan\" or \"round-backed\" mandolin, the \"carved-top\" mandolin and the \"flat-backed\" mandolin.", "Liu Sola __knowledge__ Liu Sola (Chinese: 劉索拉 aka: Liu Suola; Beijing, China) is a Chinese composer, vocalist, music producer, and author.", "Liu Sola __knowledge__ [1].", "Liu Sola __knowledge__ After graduating from the Central Conservatory of Music with a degree in composition, she published her award-winning novella You Have no Choice.", "Liu Sola __knowledge__ Since 1980’s, Liu Sola has scored many Chinese and international film sound tracks, as well as TV and drama productions.", "Liu Sola __knowledge__ She has composed music for orchestra, ensemble, opera, modern theater, modern dance, and art exhibitions.", "Liu Sola __knowledge__ Her range of musical styles includes classical music, jazz, early music, rock, traditional and contemporary music.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ John Lewis Nelson (June 29, 1916 – August 25, 2001), also known as his stage name Prince Rogers, was an American jazz musician and songwriter.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ He was the father of musicians Prince and Tyka Nelson and a credited co-writer on some of his son's songs.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ Nelson was born in Webster Parish, Louisiana, the son of Carrie (Jenkins) and Clarence Nelson.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ The Nelsons had four other children.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ He traveled to Minneapolis to become a musician in 1948.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ Playing the piano, he used \"Prince Rogers\" as a stage name and started a band called \"The Prince Rogers Trio\" with local musicians.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ In 1956, he met Mattie Della Shaw (November 11, 1933 – February 15, 2002) at a show on the north side of Minneapolis.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ Christopher Moon, better known as Chris Moon, is an American music producer, recording engineer and songwriter of British origin.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ He is best known for discovering Prince, helping him create his artistic name and style, and co-writing his early songs, most notably his first single \"Soft and Wet\".", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ At the age of 13, Chris Moon moved with his family from the United Kingdom to Hawaii.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ He arrived in Minneapolis in 1967.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ When he was 17, he purchased a multi-channel reel-to-reel and a camera in Hong Kong in order to start a career in music and photography.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ Moon built his first recording studio in the basement of his house in Minneapolis and did fashion photography on location.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson (March 19, 1812 – August 24, 1873) was an American attorney, politician, and judge, active primarily in East Tennessee during the mid-19th century.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ He represented Tennessee's 1st Congressional District in the 36th U.S. Congress (1859–1861), where he gained a reputation as a staunch pro-Union southerner.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ He was elected to a second term in 1861 on the eve of the Civil War, but was arrested by Confederate authorities before he could take his seat.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ As early as the 1830s, Nelson had gained a reputation as an effective Whig Party campaigner, but due to family considerations, he did not run for office until 1859.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Harrison is a neighborhood in the Near North community in Minneapolis, Minnesota, located to the west of downtown.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Its boundaries are roughly, Olson Memorial Highway to the north, Lyndale Avenue to the east, Bassett Creek to the south, and Theodore Wirth Park to the west.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ One of Prince's childhood homes is located in the Harrison Neighborhood at 539 Newton Avenue North.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Sources vary as to the years that Prince resided at this address.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ He reportedly lived here with his father some of the time after his parents' breakup and before moving into the Bernadette Anderson household at 1244 Russell Avenue North.", "Ween __knowledge__ Ween is an American alternative rock band formed in New Hope, Pennsylvania, in 1984 by childhood friends Aaron Freeman and Mickey Melchiondo, better known by their respective stage names, Gene Ween and Dean Ween.", "Ween __knowledge__ After meeting in a middle-school typing class, the two began playing music and immediately chose the name Ween as well as their Ramones-inspired pseudonyms.", "Ween __knowledge__ Ween performed as a duo backed by a Digital Audio Tape for the band's first ten years of existence before expanding to a four- (and later five-) piece act.", "Ween __knowledge__ The band's highest charting single is \"Push th' Little Daisies\", which was a hit in the United States and Australia.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ Precious Wilson (born 18 October 1957 in Spanish Town, Jamaica) is a soul singer.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ Precious Wilson started out as a backing singer for the all-male group Eruption.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ The group enjoyed their first minor success when they won a talent competition in 1975, and then went on to record the song \"Let Me Take You Back in Time\".", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ Shortly after, the lead singer left the group, and Precious Wilson stepped forward to front the band.", "Precious Wilson __knowledge__ The group then relocated to Germany in 1976, and the following year in 1977, while on the road touring in Germany, Eruption was introduced to German producer Frank Farian who booked them to work with Boney M as their backing band, and as their support act on Boney M's first European tour." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince Rogers Nelson (June 7, 1958 – April 21, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and director.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was known for his eclectic work, flamboyant stage presence, extravagant dress and makeup, and wide vocal range.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, rock, R&B, new wave, soul, psychedelia, and pop.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He sold over 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He won eight Grammy Awards, six American Music Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award for the 1984 film \"Purple Rain\".", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ Prince was born in Minneapolis and developed an interest in music as a young child.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ He signed a recording contract with Warner Bros. Records at the age of 17, and released his debut album \"For You\" in 1978.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ His 1979 album \"Prince\" went platinum, and his next three records—\"Dirty Mind\" (1980), \"Controversy\" (1981), and \"1999\" (1982)—continued his success, showcasing Prince's prominently sexual lyrics and blending of funk, dance, and rock music.", "Prince (musician) __knowledge__ In 1984, he began referring to his backup band as The Revolution and released \"Purple Rain\", the soundtrack album to his film debut.", "Gravity (company) __knowledge__ Gravity Co., Ltd. () is a South Korean video game corporation primarily known for the development of the massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Ragnarok Online\".", "Gravity (company) __knowledge__ The corporation started as a small business in Shinsa-dong, Kangnam-ku, Seoul, South Korea and has expanded to an international corporate interest with several subsidiary divisions.", "Gravity (company) __knowledge__ On 8 February 2005, Gravity Corporation made their IPO and traded $108 million US dollars on NASDAQ under the ticker symbol GRVY.", "Gravity (company) __knowledge__ The company has had a rather turbulent history initially involving internal political conflicts between CEO Kim Hakkyu (who eventually left the company), and company president Jung Ryool Kim (who later assumed control as CEO), but has since stabilised and expanded operations to all of north and south-east Asia through supervised partnerships with native corporate entities.", "Hitler family __knowledge__ The Hitler family comprises the relatives and ancestors of Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945), an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the National Socialist German Workers' Party (, abbreviated NSDAP), commonly known as the Nazi Party.", "Hitler family __knowledge__ He was dictator of Germany, holding the titles Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and served as head of state as \"Führer und Reichskanzler\" from 1934 to 1945.", "Hitler family __knowledge__ He is most remembered for his central leadership role in the rise of fascism in Europe, World War II and the Holocaust.", "Hitler family __knowledge__ Before the birth of Adolf Hitler the family surname had many variations that were often used almost interchangeably.", "Child marriage __knowledge__ Child marriage is a formal marriage or informal union entered into by an individual before reaching a certain age, specified by some global organizations as high as the age of 18.", "Child marriage __knowledge__ The legally prescribed marriageable age in some jurisdictions is below 18 years, especially in the case of girls; and even when the age is set at 18 years, many jurisdictions permit earlier marriage with parental consent or in special circumstances, such as teenage pregnancy.", "Child marriage __knowledge__ In certain countries, even when the legal marriage age is 18, cultural traditions take priority over legislative law.", "Child marriage __knowledge__ Child marriage violates the rights of children, it affects both boys and girls, though it is more common among girls.", "Margaret Fuller __knowledge__ Sarah Margaret Fuller Ossoli (May 23, 1810 – July 19, 1850), commonly known as Margaret Fuller, was an American journalist, critic, and women's rights advocate associated with the American transcendentalism movement.", "Margaret Fuller __knowledge__ She was the first full-time American female book reviewer in journalism.", "Margaret Fuller __knowledge__ Her book \"Woman in the Nineteenth Century\" is considered the first major feminist work in the United States.", "Margaret Fuller __knowledge__ Born Sarah Margaret Fuller in Cambridge, Massachusetts, she was given a substantial early education by her father, Timothy Fuller.", "Margaret Fuller __knowledge__ She later had more formal schooling and became a teacher before, in 1839, she began overseeing what she called \"conversations\": discussions among women meant to compensate for their lack of access to higher education.", "James Gordon (comics) __knowledge__ James \"Jim\" Gordon is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, most commonly in association with the superhero Batman.", "James Gordon (comics) __knowledge__ The character debuted in the first panel of \"Detective Comics\" #27 (May 1939), Batman's first appearance, where he is referred to simply as Commissioner Gordon.", "James Gordon (comics) __knowledge__ The character was created by Bill Finger, and Bob Kane.", "James Gordon (comics) __knowledge__ Commissioner Gordon made his debut as an ally of Batman, making him the first Batman supporting character ever to be introduced.", "James Gordon (comics) __knowledge__ As the police commissioner of Gotham City, Gordon shares Batman's deep commitment to ridding the city of crime.", "Sara Northrup Hollister __knowledge__ Sara Elizabeth Bruce Northrup Hollister (April 8, 1924December 19, 1997) played a major role in the creation of Dianetics, which evolved into the religious movement Scientology.", "Sara Northrup Hollister __knowledge__ She was the second wife of science-fiction author L. Ron Hubbard, who would become the leader of the Church of Scientology.", "Sara Northrup Hollister __knowledge__ Northrup was a major figure in the Pasadena branch of the Ordo Templi Orientis (O.T.O.", "Sara Northrup Hollister __knowledge__ ), a secret society founded by the English occultist Aleister Crowley, where she was known as \"Soror [Sister] Cassap\".", "Sara Northrup Hollister __knowledge__ She joined as a teenager along with her older sister Helen.", "Sara Northrup Hollister __knowledge__ From 1941 to 1945 she had a turbulent relationship with her sister's husband John Whiteside Parsons, the head of the Pasadena O.T.O.", "Sandy Dennis __knowledge__ Sandra Dale “Sandy” Dennis (April 27, 1937 – March 2, 1992) was an American theater and film actress.", "Sandy Dennis __knowledge__ At the height of her career in the 1960s she won two Tony Awards, as well as an Oscar for her performance in \"Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?\".", "Sandy Dennis __knowledge__ Sandy Dennis, Anne Bancroft, Zoe Caldwell, Viola Davis, Colleen Dewhurst, Maureen Stapleton, Irene Worth, and Audra McDonald are the only winners of Tony Awards for both Best Actress in a Play and Best Featured Actress in a Play.", "Sandy Dennis __knowledge__ Dennis was born in Hastings, Nebraska, the daughter of Yvonne (née Hudson), a secretary, and Jack Dennis, a postal clerk.", "Sandy Dennis __knowledge__ She had a brother, Frank.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ John Lewis Nelson (June 29, 1916 – August 25, 2001), also known as his stage name Prince Rogers, was an American jazz musician and songwriter.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ He was the father of musicians Prince and Tyka Nelson and a credited co-writer on some of his son's songs.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ Nelson was born in Webster Parish, Louisiana, the son of Carrie (Jenkins) and Clarence Nelson.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ The Nelsons had four other children.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ He traveled to Minneapolis to become a musician in 1948.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ Playing the piano, he used \"Prince Rogers\" as a stage name and started a band called \"The Prince Rogers Trio\" with local musicians.", "John L. Nelson __knowledge__ In 1956, he met Mattie Della Shaw (November 11, 1933 – February 15, 2002) at a show on the north side of Minneapolis.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ Christopher Moon, better known as Chris Moon, is an American music producer, recording engineer and songwriter of British origin.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ He is best known for discovering Prince, helping him create his artistic name and style, and co-writing his early songs, most notably his first single \"Soft and Wet\".", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ At the age of 13, Chris Moon moved with his family from the United Kingdom to Hawaii.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ He arrived in Minneapolis in 1967.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ When he was 17, he purchased a multi-channel reel-to-reel and a camera in Hong Kong in order to start a career in music and photography.", "Chris Moon __knowledge__ Moon built his first recording studio in the basement of his house in Minneapolis and did fashion photography on location.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson (March 19, 1812 – August 24, 1873) was an American attorney, politician, and judge, active primarily in East Tennessee during the mid-19th century.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ He represented Tennessee's 1st Congressional District in the 36th U.S. Congress (1859–1861), where he gained a reputation as a staunch pro-Union southerner.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ He was elected to a second term in 1861 on the eve of the Civil War, but was arrested by Confederate authorities before he could take his seat.", "Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson __knowledge__ As early as the 1830s, Nelson had gained a reputation as an effective Whig Party campaigner, but due to family considerations, he did not run for office until 1859.", "Ween __knowledge__ Ween is an American alternative rock band formed in New Hope, Pennsylvania, in 1984 by childhood friends Aaron Freeman and Mickey Melchiondo, better known by their respective stage names, Gene Ween and Dean Ween.", "Ween __knowledge__ After meeting in a middle-school typing class, the two began playing music and immediately chose the name Ween as well as their Ramones-inspired pseudonyms.", "Ween __knowledge__ Ween performed as a duo backed by a Digital Audio Tape for the band's first ten years of existence before expanding to a four- (and later five-) piece act.", "Ween __knowledge__ The band's highest charting single is \"Push th' Little Daisies\", which was a hit in the United States and Australia.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Harrison is a neighborhood in the Near North community in Minneapolis, Minnesota, located to the west of downtown.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Its boundaries are roughly, Olson Memorial Highway to the north, Lyndale Avenue to the east, Bassett Creek to the south, and Theodore Wirth Park to the west.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ One of Prince's childhood homes is located in the Harrison Neighborhood at 539 Newton Avenue North.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ Sources vary as to the years that Prince resided at this address.", "Harrison, Minneapolis __knowledge__ He reportedly lived here with his father some of the time after his parents' breakup and before moving into the Bernadette Anderson household at 1244 Russell Avenue North.", "Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song __knowledge__ The Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song was awarded for the first time in 1962 and has been awarded annually since 1965 by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association.", "Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song __knowledge__ The award is presented to the songwriters of a song written specifically for a motion picture.", "Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song __knowledge__ The performers of the song are not credited, unless they also have a writing or co-writing credit.", "Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song __knowledge__ 1961: \"Town Without Pity\" Lyrics by Ned Washington, Music by Dimitri Tiomkin – Town Without Pity‡ 1964: \"Circus World\" Lyrics by Ned Washington, Music by Dimitri Tiomkin – Circus World 1965: \"Forget Domani\" Lyrics by Norman Newell, Music by Riz Ortolani – The Yellow Rolls-Royce 1966: \"Strangers in the Night\" Lyrics by Charles Singleton, Eddie Snyder, Music by Bert Kaempfert – A Man Could Get Killed 1967: \"If Ever I Would Leave You\" Lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner, Music by Frederick Loewe – Camelot 1968: \"The Windmills of Your Mind\" Lyrics by Alan and Marilyn Bergman, Music by Michel Legrand, performed by Jose Feliciano – The Thomas Crown Affair † 1969: \"Jean\" Music & Lyrics by Rod McKuen – The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie‡ 1970: \"Whistling Away the Dark\" Lyrics by Johnny Mercer, Music by Henry Mancini – Darling Lili ‡ 1971: \"Life Is What You Make It\" Lyrics by Johnny Mercer, Music by Marvin Hamlisch – Kotch ‡ 1972: \"Ben\" Lyrics by Don Black, Music by Walter Scharf performed by Michael Jackson – Ben ‡ 1973: \"The Way We Were\" Lyrics by Alan and Marilyn Bergman, Music by Marvin Hamlisch, performed by Barbra Streisand – The Way We Were † 1974: \"I Feel Love\" Lyrics by Betty Box, Music by Euel Box – Benji ‡ 1975: \"I'm Easy\" Music & Lyrics by Keith Carradine, performed by Keith Carradine – Nashville † 1976: \"Evergreen\" Lyrics by Paul Williams, Music by Barbra Streisand, performed by Barbra Streisand – A Star Is Born † 1977: \"You Light Up My Life\" Music & Lyrics by Joseph Brooks, performed by Kasey Cisyk – You Light Up My Life † 1978: \"Last Dance\" Music & Lyrics by Paul Jabara, performed by Donna Summer – Thank God It's Friday † 1979: \"The Rose\" Music & Lyrics by Amanda McBroom, performed by Bette Midler – The Rose 1980: \"Fame\" Lyrics by Dean Pitchford, Music by Michael Gore, performed by Irene Cara – Fame † 1981: \"Arthur's Theme (Best That You Can Do)\" Music & Lyrics by Peter Allen, Burt Bacharach, Chris Cross, & Carole Bayer Sager, performed by Chris Cross – Arthur † 1982: \"Up Where We Belong\" Lyrics by Will Jennings, Music by Jack Nitzsche & Buffy Sainte-Marie, performed by Joe Cocker and Jennifer Warnes – An Officer and a Gentleman † 1983: \"Flashdance... What a Feeling\" Lyrics by Irene Cara, Keith Forsey, Music by Giorgio Moroder, performed by Irene Cara – Flashdance † 1984: \"I Just Called to Say I Love You\" Music & Lyrics by Stevie Wonder, performed by Stevie Wonder – The Woman in Red † 1985: \"Say You, Say Me\" Music & Lyrics by Lionel Richie, performed by Lionel Richie – White Nights † 1986: \"Take My Breath Away\" Lyrics by Tom Whitlock, Music by Giorgio Moroder, performed by Berlin – Top Gun † 1987: \"(I've Had) The Time of My Life\" Lyrics by Franke Previte, Music by John DeNicola & Donald Markowitz, performed by Bill Medley and Jennifer Warnes – Dirty Dancing † 1988 (TIE): \"Let the River Run\" Music & Lyrics by Carly Simon, performed by Carly Simon – Working Girl\" † / \"Two Hearts\" Lyrics by Phil Collins, Music by Lamont Dozier – Buster\" ‡ 1989: \"Under the Sea\" Lyrics by Howard Ashman, Music by Alan Menken, performed by Samuel E. Wright – The Little Mermaid † 1990: \"Blaze of Glory\" Music & Lyrics by Jon Bon Jovi, performed by Jon Bon Jovi – Young Guns II ‡ 1991: \"Beauty and the Beast\" Lyrics by Howard Ashman, Music by Alan Menken, performed by Peabo Bryson and Céline Dion – Beauty and the Beast † 1992: \"A Whole New World\" Lyrics by Tim Rice, Music by Alan Menken, performed by Peabo Bryson and Regina Belle – Aladdin † 1993: \"Streets of Philadelphia\" Music & Lyrics by Bruce Springsteen, performed by Bruce Springsteen – Philadelphia † 1994: \"Can You Feel the Love Tonight\" Lyrics by Tim Rice, Music by Elton John, performed by Elton John – The Lion King † 1995: \"Colors of the Wind\" Lyrics by Stephen Schwartz, Music by Alan Menken, performed by Vanessa Williams – Pocahontas † 1996: \"You Must Love Me\" Lyrics by Tim Rice, Music by Andrew Lloyd Webber, performed by Madonna – Evita † 1997: \"My Heart Will Go On\" Lyrics by Wilbur Jennings, Music by James Horner, performed by Céline Dion – Titanic † 1998: \"The Prayer\" Music & Lyrics by David Foster, Tony Renis, Carole Bayer Sager, Alberto Testa, performed by Céline Dion and Andrea Bocelli – Quest for Camelot ‡ 1999: \"You'll Be in My Heart\" Music & Lyrics by Phil Collins, performed by Phil Collins – Tarzan † 2000: \"Things Have Changed\" Music & Lyrics by Bob Dylan, performed by Bob Dylan – Wonder Boys † 2001: \"Until...\" Music & Lyrics by Sting, performed by Sting – Kate & Leopold ‡ 2002: \"The Hands That Built America\" Music & Lyrics by Bono, Adam Clayton, The Edge, & Larry Mullen, performed by U2 – Gangs of New York ‡ 2003: \"Into the West\" Music & Lyrics by Annie Lennox, Howard Shore, Frances Walsh, performed by Annie Lennox – † 2004: \"Old Habits Die Hard\" Music & Lyrics by Mick Jagger, David A. Stewart, performed by Mick Jagger – Alfie 2005: \"A Love That Will Never Grow Old\" Lyrics by Bernie Taupin, Music by Gustavo Santaolalla, performed by Emmylou Harris – Brokeback Mountain 2006: \"Song of the Heart\" Music & Lyrics by Prince Rogers Nelson, performed by Prince – Happy Feet 2007: \"Guaranteed\" Music & Lyrics by Eddie Vedder, performed by Eddie Vedder – Into the Wild 2008: \"The Wrestler\" Music & Lyrics by Bruce Springsteen, performed by Bruce Springsteen – The Wrestler 2009: \"The Weary Kind\" Music & Lyrics by Ryan Bingham, T Bone Burnett, performed by Ryan Bingham – Crazy Heart † 2010: \"You Haven't Seen the Last of Me\" Music & Lyrics by Diane Warren, performed by Cher – Burlesque 2011: \"Masterpiece\" Music & Lyrics by Madonna, Julie Frost, and Jimmy Harry, performed by Madonna – W.E." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 4 ]

[ "Prince Rogers Nelson was his full name", "Prince Rogers Nelson was very talented at multiple instruments as a kid", "no Prince Rogers Nelson just became a musician and actor", "not sure but Prince Rogers Nelson was one of the most famous musicians in america", "not sure but prince sold over 100 million records" ]

[ "Prince (musician)", "Prince (musician)", "Prince (musician)", "Prince (musician)", "Prince (musician)" ]

[ "Alpine skiing\nGoing to be moving to the midwest next year, where I can start doing some outdoor snow activities! Thinking about alpine skiing as one of my options. Can you help me prepare?", "Well, really, I know absolutely nothing about it. Can you start with like a broad overview?", "Hm, alright. I can grasp that. Is it expensive? Is there a lot of equipment? Is it hard to learn? I guess I just need more of an overview.", "Is there anything interesting or random about alpine skiing that some people may not know? Like a fun fact?", "What the heck, I had no idea it was so popular. Maybe just because it's so accessible? Weird. What else can you fill me in on to persuade me to do try it?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Alpine skiing, or downhill skiing, is the sport or recreation of sliding down snow-covered hills on skis with fixed-heel bindings.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ It is characterized by the requirement for mechanical assistance getting to the top of the hill, since the equipment does not allow efficient walking or hiking, unlike cross-country skis which use free-heel bindings.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ It is typically practiced at ski resorts which provide services such as ski lifts, artificial snow making and grooming, first aid, and restaurants.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Back-country skiers use alpine skiing equipment to ski off the marked pistes, in some cases with the assistance of snowmobiles, helicopters or snowcats.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Alpine skiing has been an event at the Winter Olympic Games since 1936 (except for the 1940 games).", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ As of 1994, there were estimated to be 55 million people worldwide, who engaged in Alpine skiing.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Approximately 30 million of these were in Europe, 15 million in the US, and 14 million in Japan.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ As of 1996, there were reportedly 4,500 ski areas, operating 26,000 ski lifts and enjoying skier visits.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ The preponderant region for downhills skiing was Europe, followed by Japan and the US.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ A skier following the fall line will reach the maximum possible speed for that slope.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ Paralympic alpine skiing is an adaptation of alpine skiing for athletes with a disability.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ The sport evolved from the efforts of disabled veterans in Germany and Austria during and after the Second World War.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ The sport is governed by the International Paralympic Committee Sports Committee.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ The primary equipment used includes outrigger skis, sit-skis, and mono-skis.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ Para-alpine skiing disciplines include the Downhill, Super-G, Giant Slalom, Slalom, Super Combined and Snowboard.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ Para-alpine skiing classification is the classification system for para-alpine skiing designed to insure fair competition between alpine skiers with different types of disabilities.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ Skiing in Australia takes place in the high country of the states of New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania as well as in the Australian Capital Territory, during the southern hemisphere winter.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ Skiing began in Australia at the goldrush town of Kiandra, New South Wales in the year 1861.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ The first ski tow was constructed near Mount Buffalo, Victoria in 1936.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ Australian skiers competed in the Winter Olympics for the first time in Oslo 1952 and have competed in all subsequent Games, winning medals at every Games since 1998.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ Malcolm Milne became the first non-European to win a ski race world cup in 1969 and Olympic medalists include Zali Steggall, Alisa Camplin, Dale Begg-Smith, Lydia Lassila and David Morris in skiing and Torah Bright in snowboarding.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing where skiers rely on their own locomotion to move across snow-covered terrain, rather than using ski lifts or other forms of assistance.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Cross-country skiing is widely practiced as a sport and recreational activity; however, some still use it as a means of transportation.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Variants of cross-country skiing are adapted to a range of terrain which spans unimproved, sometimes mountainous terrain to groomed courses that are specifically designed for the sport.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Modern cross-country skiing is similar to the original form of skiing, from which all skiing disciplines evolved, including alpine skiing, ski jumping and Telemark skiing.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ Australia first competed in the Winter Olympic Games in 1936 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, and has participated in every games since, with the exception of the 1948 Games in St. Moritz.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ In the early years, Australia's athletes did poorly; only two athletes placed in the top half of their events before 1976, while the vast majority placed in the bottom quarter, including some who finished last.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ This lack of success was attributed to the Australian culture, climate and lack of snow, as well as the lack of support for the athletes—sports administrators regarded investment in winter sports as futile.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ After the appointment of Geoff Henke—who had been unable to compete in 1956 after the administrators neglected to endorse his ice hockey team's application—as team manager in 1976, the results slowly began to improve, and by the 1990s, some Australians were regarded as medal prospects.", "LW2 (classification) __knowledge__ LW2 is a para-Alpine and para-Nordic standing ski \"sport class\" defined by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC).", "LW2 (classification) __knowledge__ Competitors in this class have severe disability in a lower limb, which may be a result of an amputation, or arthrodesis in the leg and hip.", "LW2 (classification) __knowledge__ Depending on the type of skiing, the international classification process for LW2 skiers is handled by the IPC Alpine Skiing Technical Committee and IPC Nordic Skiing Technical Committee.", "LW2 (classification) __knowledge__ National sport federations handle classification on the lower levels.", "LW2 (classification) __knowledge__ In para-Alpine, skiers use one ski and two ski poles while para-Nordic skiers use two skis and two ski poles.", "LW3 (classification) __knowledge__ LW3 is a para-Alpine and para-Nordic standing skiing \"sport class\" defined by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) for skiers with a disability affecting both legs, with double below knee amputation or a combined strength total for both legs of 60, with 80 as the baseline for people without disabilities.", "LW3 (classification) __knowledge__ For international skiing competitions, classification is done through IPC Alpine Skiing or IPC Nordic Skiing.", "LW3 (classification) __knowledge__ The classification has two subclasses for para-Alpine skiing: LW3.1 which is for people with double below the knee amputations or similar disabilities, and LW3.2 which is for people with cerebral palsy that involves moderate athetoid, moderate ataxic impairment or slight diplegic involvement.", "Whistler Blackcomb __knowledge__ Whistler Blackcomb is a major ski resort located north of Vancouver, in British Columbia, Canada.", "Whistler Blackcomb __knowledge__ By many measures it is the largest ski resort in North America; it is 50% larger than its nearest competitor in terms of size, has the greatest uphill lift capacity, and until 2009, had the highest vertical skiable distance by a wide margin.", "Whistler Blackcomb __knowledge__ Whistler Blackcomb also features the Peak 2 Peak Gondola for moving between Whistler and Blackcomb mountains at the top; Peak 2 Peak holds records for the highest and longest unsupported cable car span in the world.", "Whistler Blackcomb __knowledge__ With all of this capacity, Whistler Blackcomb is also often the most-visited ski resort, often besting 2 million visitors a year." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Alpine skiing, or downhill skiing, is the sport or recreation of sliding down snow-covered hills on skis with fixed-heel bindings.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ It is characterized by the requirement for mechanical assistance getting to the top of the hill, since the equipment does not allow efficient walking or hiking, unlike cross-country skis which use free-heel bindings.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ It is typically practiced at ski resorts which provide services such as ski lifts, artificial snow making and grooming, first aid, and restaurants.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Back-country skiers use alpine skiing equipment to ski off the marked pistes, in some cases with the assistance of snowmobiles, helicopters or snowcats.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Alpine skiing has been an event at the Winter Olympic Games since 1936 (except for the 1940 games).", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ As of 1994, there were estimated to be 55 million people worldwide, who engaged in Alpine skiing.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Approximately 30 million of these were in Europe, 15 million in the US, and 14 million in Japan.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ As of 1996, there were reportedly 4,500 ski areas, operating 26,000 ski lifts and enjoying skier visits.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ The preponderant region for downhills skiing was Europe, followed by Japan and the US.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ A skier following the fall line will reach the maximum possible speed for that slope.", "Tom Waits __knowledge__ Thomas Alan Waits (born December 7, 1949) is an American singer-songwriter, musician, composer and actor.", "Tom Waits __knowledge__ His distinctive voice was described by critic Daniel Durchholz as sounding as though \"it was soaked in a vat of bourbon, left hanging in the smokehouse for a few months, and then taken outside and run over with a car\".", "Tom Waits __knowledge__ Waits has built up a distinctive musical persona with his trademark growl, his incorporation of pre-rock music styles such as blues, jazz, and vaudeville, and experimental tendencies verging on industrial music.", "Tom Waits __knowledge__ Born to a middle-class Celtic-Norwegian American family, Waits was raised in Whittier, California, and then San Diego.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Terence McKenna __knowledge__ Terence Kemp McKenna (November 16, 1946 – April 3, 2000) was an American ethnobotanist, mystic, psychonaut, lecturer, author, and an advocate for the responsible use of naturally occurring psychedelic plants.", "Terence McKenna __knowledge__ He spoke and wrote about a variety of subjects, including psychedelic drugs, plant-based entheogens, shamanism, metaphysics, alchemy, language, philosophy, culture, technology, environmentalism, and the theoretical origins of human consciousness.", "Terence McKenna __knowledge__ He was called the \"Timothy Leary of the '90s\", \"one of the leading authorities on the ontological foundations of shamanism\", and the \"intellectual voice of rave culture\".", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau (14 July 1816 – 13 October 1882) was a French aristocrat who was best known by his contemporaries as a novelist, diplomat and travel writer but is today most remembered for developing the theory of the Aryan master race and helping to legitimise racism by scientific racist theory and \"racial demography\".", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Gobineau was an elitist who, in the immediate aftermath of the Revolutions of 1848, wrote a 1400-page book, \"An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races\", in which he claimed that aristocrats were superior to commoners and that they possessed more Aryan genetic traits because of less interbreeding with inferior races (Alpines and Mediterraneans).", "Paul Dempsey __knowledge__ Paul Anthony Dempsey (born 25 May 1976) is an Australian musician.", "Paul Dempsey __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist and principal lyricist of rock group, Something for Kate.", "Paul Dempsey __knowledge__ Dempsey released a solo album, \"Everything Is True\", on 20 August 2009, which peaked at No.", "Paul Dempsey __knowledge__ 5 on the ARIA Albums Chart.", "Paul Dempsey __knowledge__ He has also produced and co-written albums for other artists, including Mosman Alder.", "Paul Dempsey __knowledge__ Dempsey has experienced bouts of clinical depression and periods of writer's block, both of which have been publicised.", "Paul Dempsey __knowledge__ Australian musicologist Ian McFarlane noted that he \"has the capacity to lay his soul bare through his music, there is little pretence or adherence to fashionable measures in the band's delivery\".", "Fairyfly __knowledge__ The Mymaridae, commonly known as fairyflies or fairy wasps, are a family of chalcid wasps found in temperate and tropical regions throughout the world.", "Fairyfly __knowledge__ It contains around 100 genera with 1400 species.", "Fairyfly __knowledge__ Fairyflies are very tiny insects, like most chalcid wasps.", "Fairyfly __knowledge__ They average at only long.", "Fairyfly __knowledge__ They include the world's smallest known insect, with a body length of only , and the smallest known flying insect, only long.", "Fairyfly __knowledge__ They usually have nonmetallic black, brown, or yellow bodies.", "Fairyfly __knowledge__ The antennae of the females are distinctively tipped by club-like segments, while male antennae are thread-like.", "Fairyfly __knowledge__ Their wings are usually slender and possess long bristles, giving them a hairy or feathery appearance, although some species may have greatly reduced stubby wings or lack wings altogether.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Andrew Michael Reynolds (born June 6, 1978) is a professional street skateboarder.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He is the co-founder and owner of Baker Skateboards; a part owner of Brigada Eyewear; a partner in Bakerboys Distribution (distributors of Baker Skateboards, Shake Junt, Deathwish Skateboards, Heroin Skateboards, Palace Skateboards, Hammers Skateboards, Death Lens, and Ashbury Eyewear), and head designer at Altamont Apparel.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Reynolds was a competitor in the 2014 Street League Skateboarding (SLS) contest series and finished with an overall ranking of 25.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ He first picked up a board when he was 9 years old.", "Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder) __knowledge__ Influenced by Powell videos at the time, Andrew began to skate jump ramps as well as wall rides.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Clandestine cell system __knowledge__ A clandestine cell structure is a method for organizing a group of people like resistance fighters, sleeper agents or terrorists in such a way that it can more effectively resist penetration by an opposing organization (such as a law enforcement organization).", "Clandestine cell system __knowledge__ In a cell structure, each small group of people in the cell know the identities of only the people in their cell.", "Clandestine cell system __knowledge__ Thus, a cell member who is apprehended and interrogated will not know the identities of the higher-ranking individuals in the organization; unless the cell member happens to be a member who necessarily knows and communicates with higher-ranking individuals in the organization.", "Dahinien Gendānu __knowledge__ Dahinien Gendānu, also Daxinnieni Geldanu (c. 1926–1984), was an Uilta activist from Sakhalin.", "Dahinien Gendānu __knowledge__ Gendānu was the adopted son of Dahinien Gorgolo, an Uilta shaman.", "Dahinien Gendānu __knowledge__ Like most members of his people at the time, he was unclear on his exact year of birth.", "Dahinien Gendānu __knowledge__ In his childhood, his home village of Otasu was ruled as part of the Karafuto Prefecture of the Japanese Empire.", "Dahinien Gendānu __knowledge__ He received the Japanese name Kitagawa Gentaro.", "Dahinien Gendānu __knowledge__ After the surrender of Japan ended World War II, he was interned in a prisoner-of-war camp in the Soviet Union for seven years.", "Dahinien Gendānu __knowledge__ Following his release, he migrated to Japan in 1955.", "Dahinien Gendānu __knowledge__ However, his requests for a pension were denied because of the Japanese government's position that Uilta and Nivkh people from Sakhalin were ineligible for armed service and had been illegally recruited.", "Erik Ellington __knowledge__ Erik Ellington is an American professional skateboarder and co-owner of skateboard brand, Deathwish, a company that forms part of the Bakerboys Distribution company.", "Erik Ellington __knowledge__ Ellington was born in Anchorage, Alaska, United States (US) and grew up in Tempe, Arizona, US.", "Erik Ellington __knowledge__ Ellington explained his early life during the filming of his \"Epicly Later'd\" episode for Vice Media's internet channel: We moved around a lot.", "Erik Ellington __knowledge__ Like, when we lived in Alaska, my stepdad, you know, like, he had money.", "Erik Ellington __knowledge__ He made a decent living; he had a, like a, body shop for cars and stuff.", "Erik Ellington __knowledge__ But then, like, you know, move back and forth, shit goes wrong up there, you know, move into a janky apartment, or what, you know, or whatever.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ Anthony Frank Hawk (born May 12, 1968), commonly known by his nickname The Birdman, is an American professional skateboarder, actor and owner of skateboard company Birdhouse.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ Hawk is well known for completing the first documented 900 and for his licensed video game titles, published by Activision.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ He is widely considered to be one of the most successful and influential pioneers of modern vertical skateboarding.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ In 2002, he created the \"Boom Boom HuckJam\", an extreme sports exhibition and tour that was launched in Las Vegas.", "Tony Hawk __knowledge__ Throughout his career, Hawk has made numerous appearances in films, other media, and his own series of video games." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Alpine skiing, or downhill skiing, is the sport or recreation of sliding down snow-covered hills on skis with fixed-heel bindings.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ It is characterized by the requirement for mechanical assistance getting to the top of the hill, since the equipment does not allow efficient walking or hiking, unlike cross-country skis which use free-heel bindings.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ It is typically practiced at ski resorts which provide services such as ski lifts, artificial snow making and grooming, first aid, and restaurants.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Back-country skiers use alpine skiing equipment to ski off the marked pistes, in some cases with the assistance of snowmobiles, helicopters or snowcats.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Alpine skiing has been an event at the Winter Olympic Games since 1936 (except for the 1940 games).", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ As of 1994, there were estimated to be 55 million people worldwide, who engaged in Alpine skiing.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Approximately 30 million of these were in Europe, 15 million in the US, and 14 million in Japan.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ As of 1996, there were reportedly 4,500 ski areas, operating 26,000 ski lifts and enjoying skier visits.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ The preponderant region for downhills skiing was Europe, followed by Japan and the US.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ A skier following the fall line will reach the maximum possible speed for that slope.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Helene Langevin __knowledge__ Helene Langevin is a professor in the University of Vermont College of Medicine's Department of Neurological Sciences.", "Helene Langevin __knowledge__ She is best known for discovering cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the field of acupuncture.", "Helene Langevin __knowledge__ She is also a Professor in Residence of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital.", "Helene Langevin __knowledge__ Since 2013, Dr. Langevin is the Director of the Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, jointly owned by Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School.", "Helene Langevin __knowledge__ Dr. Langevin currently serves as principal investigator of studies funded by the National Institutes of Health.", "The Who __knowledge__ The Who are an English rock band that formed in 1964.", "The Who __knowledge__ Their classic line-up consisted of lead singer Roger Daltrey, guitarist and singer Pete Townshend, bass guitarist John Entwistle, and drummer Keith Moon.", "The Who __knowledge__ They are considered one of the most influential rock bands of the 20th century, selling over 100 million records worldwide and holding a reputation for their live shows and studio work.", "The Who __knowledge__ The Who developed from an earlier group, the Detours, and established themselves as part of the pop art and mod movements, featuring auto-destructive art by destroying guitars and drums on stage.", "The Who __knowledge__ Their first single as the Who, \"I Can't Explain\", reached the UK top ten, followed by a string of singles including \"My Generation\", \"Substitute\" and \"Happy Jack\".", "Protest songs in the United States __knowledge__ The tradition of protest songs in the United States is a long one that dates back to the 18th century and colonial period, the American Revolutionary War and its aftermath.", "Protest songs in the United States __knowledge__ In the 19th century topical subjects for protest in song included abolition, slavery, poverty, and the Civil War amongst other subjects.", "Protest songs in the United States __knowledge__ In the 20th century civil liberties, civil rights, women's rights, economic injustice, politics and war were among the popular subjects for protest in song.", "Protest songs in the United States __knowledge__ In the 21st century the long tradition continues.", "Protest songs in the United States __knowledge__ 19th-century protest songs dealt, for the most part, with three key issues: war, and the Civil War in particular (such as \"Johnny I Hardly Knew Ye\" from Ireland, and its American variant, \"When Johnny Comes Marching Home Again\", among others); the abolition of slavery (\"Song of the Abolitionist\" \"\"No More Auction Block for Me\"\", \"Oh Freedom\", and \"Sometimes I Feel Like a Motherless Child\", among others); and women's suffrage, both for and against in both Britain and the U.S. Hutchinson Family Singers were one of the protest voices in America at the time.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing where skiers rely on their own locomotion to move across snow-covered terrain, rather than using ski lifts or other forms of assistance.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Cross-country skiing is widely practiced as a sport and recreational activity; however, some still use it as a means of transportation.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Variants of cross-country skiing are adapted to a range of terrain which spans unimproved, sometimes mountainous terrain to groomed courses that are specifically designed for the sport.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Modern cross-country skiing is similar to the original form of skiing, from which all skiing disciplines evolved, including alpine skiing, ski jumping and Telemark skiing.", "Spademan binding __knowledge__ Spademan was a type of ski binding, one of a number of \"plate bindings\" that were popular in alpine skiing during the 1970s.", "Spademan binding __knowledge__ It used a bronze plate screwed into the bottom of the boot as its connection point, held to the ski by a clamp-like mechanism that grasped the side of the plate.", "Spademan binding __knowledge__ Unlike conventional bindings, the Spademan could release in any direction, in response to any force or torque.", "Spademan binding __knowledge__ It provided greatly improved protection compared to contemporary designs, which generally allowed release of the toe to the sides and heel directly forward, keeping the foot attached in any other fall direction.", "Ski __knowledge__ A ski is a narrow strip of semi-rigid material worn underfoot to glide over snow.", "Ski __knowledge__ Substantially longer than wide and characteristically employed in pairs, skis are attached to ski boots with ski bindings, with either a free, lockable, or partially secured heel.", "Ski __knowledge__ For climbing slopes, ski skins (originally made of seal fur, but now made of synthetic materials) can be attached at the base of the ski.", "Ski __knowledge__ Originally intended as an aid to travel over snow, they are now mainly used recreationally in the sport of skiing.", "Ski __knowledge__ The word ski comes from the Old Norse word \"skíð\" which means stick of wood or ski.", "Ski __knowledge__ In Norwegian this word is usually pronounced .", "Snowboard __knowledge__ Snowboards are boards where both feet are secured to the same board, which are wider than skis, with the ability to glide on snow.", "Snowboard __knowledge__ Snowboards widths are between 6 to 12 inches or 15 to 30 centimeters.", "Snowboard __knowledge__ Snowboards are differentiated from monoskis by the stance of the user.", "Snowboard __knowledge__ In monoskiing, the user stands with feet inline with direction of travel (facing tip of monoski/downhill) (parallel to long axis of board), whereas in snowboarding, users stand with feet transverse (more or less) to the longitude of the board.", "Snowboard __knowledge__ Users of such equipment may be referred to as \"snowboarder\"s. \"Commercial snowboards\" generally require extra equipment such as bindings and special boots which help secure both feet of a snowboarder, who generally rides in an upright position.", "Ski geometry __knowledge__ Ski geometry is the shape of the ski.", "Ski geometry __knowledge__ Described in the direction of travel, the front of the ski, typically pointed or rounded, is the tip, the middle is the waist and the rear is the tail.", "Ski geometry __knowledge__ Skis have four aspects define their basic performance: length, width, sidecut and camber.", "Ski geometry __knowledge__ Skis also differ in more minor ways to address certain niche roles.", "Ski geometry __knowledge__ For instance, skis for moguls are much softer to absorb shocks from the quick and sharp turns of the moguls and skis for powder are much wider to provide more \"float\" in deeper, softer snow.", "Ski geometry __knowledge__ The length and width of the ski define its total surface area, which provides some indication of the ski's float, or ability to remain on top of the snow instead of sinking into it.", "Snowshoe __knowledge__ A snowshoe is footwear for walking over snow.", "Snowshoe __knowledge__ Snowshoes work by distributing the weight of the person over a larger area so that the person's foot does not sink completely into the snow, a quality called \"flotation\".", "Snowshoe __knowledge__ Snowshoeing is a form of hiking.", "Snowshoe __knowledge__ Traditional snowshoes have a hardwood frame with rawhide lacings.", "Snowshoe __knowledge__ Some modern snowshoes are similar, but most are made of materials such as lightweight metal, plastic, and synthetic fabric.", "Snowshoe __knowledge__ In addition to distributing the weight, snowshoes are generally raised at the toe for maneuverability.", "Snowshoe __knowledge__ They must not accumulate snow, hence the latticework, and require bindings to attach them to the feet." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Alpine skiing, or downhill skiing, is the sport or recreation of sliding down snow-covered hills on skis with fixed-heel bindings.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ It is characterized by the requirement for mechanical assistance getting to the top of the hill, since the equipment does not allow efficient walking or hiking, unlike cross-country skis which use free-heel bindings.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ It is typically practiced at ski resorts which provide services such as ski lifts, artificial snow making and grooming, first aid, and restaurants.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Back-country skiers use alpine skiing equipment to ski off the marked pistes, in some cases with the assistance of snowmobiles, helicopters or snowcats.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Alpine skiing has been an event at the Winter Olympic Games since 1936 (except for the 1940 games).", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ As of 1994, there were estimated to be 55 million people worldwide, who engaged in Alpine skiing.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Approximately 30 million of these were in Europe, 15 million in the US, and 14 million in Japan.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ As of 1996, there were reportedly 4,500 ski areas, operating 26,000 ski lifts and enjoying skier visits.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ The preponderant region for downhills skiing was Europe, followed by Japan and the US.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ A skier following the fall line will reach the maximum possible speed for that slope.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ Paralympic alpine skiing is an adaptation of alpine skiing for athletes with a disability.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ The sport evolved from the efforts of disabled veterans in Germany and Austria during and after the Second World War.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ The sport is governed by the International Paralympic Committee Sports Committee.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ The primary equipment used includes outrigger skis, sit-skis, and mono-skis.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ Para-alpine skiing disciplines include the Downhill, Super-G, Giant Slalom, Slalom, Super Combined and Snowboard.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ Para-alpine skiing classification is the classification system for para-alpine skiing designed to insure fair competition between alpine skiers with different types of disabilities.", "Cara Dunne-Yates __knowledge__ Cara Dunne-Yates (March 17, 1970 – October 20, 2004) was a scholar-athlete, bioethicists, linguist, lawyer, advocate, writer, poet, and mother of two.", "Cara Dunne-Yates __knowledge__ She was a Paralympic medalist in both winter and summer sports.", "Cara Dunne-Yates __knowledge__ She was Harvard-educated, and the only disabled First Marshall (class president) of any major university.", "Cara Dunne-Yates __knowledge__ She was also a UCLA-educated lawyer (1997), who first legally fought the Law School Admission Council to utilize a Braille examination format of the LSAT.", "Cara Dunne-Yates __knowledge__ Born and raised in the northwest side of Chicago, Illinois, Dunne-Yates was diagnosed at 15 months with retinoblastoma (RB) retinal cancer.", "Para-alpine skiing classification __knowledge__ Para-alpine skiing classification is the classification system for para-alpine skiing designed to ensure fair competition between alpine skiers with different types of disabilities.", "Para-alpine skiing classification __knowledge__ The classifications are grouped into three general disability types: standing, blind and sitting.", "Para-alpine skiing classification __knowledge__ Classification governance is handled by International Paralympic Committee Alpine Skiing.", "Para-alpine skiing classification __knowledge__ Prior to that, several sport governing bodies dealt with classification including the International Sports Organization for the Disabled (ISOD), International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation (ISMWSF), International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) and Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CP-ISRA).", "LW12 __knowledge__ LW12 is a para-Alpine and para-Nordic sit skiing \"sport class\" defined by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC).", "LW12 __knowledge__ An LW12 skier needs to meet a minimum of one of several conditions including a single below knee but above ankle amputation, monoplegia that exhibits similar to below knee amputation, legs of different length where there is at least a 7 centimetres difference, combined muscle strength in the lower extremities less than 71.", "LW12 __knowledge__ For international competitions, classification is done through IPC Alpine Skiing or IPC Nordic Skiing.", "LW12 __knowledge__ For sub-international competitions, classification is done by a national federation such as Alpine Canada.", "LW3 (classification) __knowledge__ LW3 is a para-Alpine and para-Nordic standing skiing \"sport class\" defined by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) for skiers with a disability affecting both legs, with double below knee amputation or a combined strength total for both legs of 60, with 80 as the baseline for people without disabilities.", "LW3 (classification) __knowledge__ For international skiing competitions, classification is done through IPC Alpine Skiing or IPC Nordic Skiing.", "LW3 (classification) __knowledge__ The classification has two subclasses for para-Alpine skiing: LW3.1 which is for people with double below the knee amputations or similar disabilities, and LW3.2 which is for people with cerebral palsy that involves moderate athetoid, moderate ataxic impairment or slight diplegic involvement.", "LW11 __knowledge__ LW11 is a para-Alpine and para-Nordic sit skiing \"sport class\", a classification defined by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC for people with paralysis in the lower extremities and people with cerebral palsy that affects the lower half of the body.", "LW11 __knowledge__ Outside of skiing, the competitor in this class is unable to walk.", "LW11 __knowledge__ For international competitions, classification is done through IPC Alpine Skiing or IPC Nordic Skiing.", "LW11 __knowledge__ For sub-international competitions, classification is done by a national federation such as Alpine Canada.", "LW11 __knowledge__ In para-Alpine skiing, the skier uses a mono-ski, while para-Nordic skiers use a two ski sit-ski.", "LW2 (classification) __knowledge__ LW2 is a para-Alpine and para-Nordic standing ski \"sport class\" defined by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC).", "LW2 (classification) __knowledge__ Competitors in this class have severe disability in a lower limb, which may be a result of an amputation, or arthrodesis in the leg and hip.", "LW2 (classification) __knowledge__ Depending on the type of skiing, the international classification process for LW2 skiers is handled by the IPC Alpine Skiing Technical Committee and IPC Nordic Skiing Technical Committee.", "LW2 (classification) __knowledge__ National sport federations handle classification on the lower levels.", "LW2 (classification) __knowledge__ In para-Alpine, skiers use one ski and two ski poles while para-Nordic skiers use two skis and two ski poles.", "Spacetime __knowledge__ In physics, spacetime is any mathematical model that fuses the three dimensions of space and the one dimension of time into a single four-dimensional continuum.", "Spacetime __knowledge__ Spacetime diagrams are useful in visualizing and understanding relativistic effects such as how different observers perceive \"where\" and \"when\" events occur.", "Spacetime __knowledge__ Until the turn of the 20th century, the assumption had been that the three-dimensional geometry of the universe (its description in terms of locations, shapes, distances, and directions) was distinct from time (the measurement of when events occur within the universe).", "Spacetime __knowledge__ However, Albert Einstein's 1905 \"special theory of relativity\" postulated that the speed of light through empty space has one definite value—a constant—that is independent of the motion of the light source.", "Landslide mitigation __knowledge__ Landslide mitigation refers to construction and other man-made activities on slopes with the goal of lessening the effect of landslides.", "Landslide mitigation __knowledge__ Landslides can be triggered by many, sometimes concomitant causes.", "Landslide mitigation __knowledge__ In addition to shallow erosion or reduction of shear strength caused by seasonal rainfall, landslides may be triggered by anthropic activities, such as adding excessive weight above the slope, digging at mid-slope or at the foot of the slope.", "Landslide mitigation __knowledge__ Often, individual phenomenon join together to generate instability over time, which often does not allow a reconstruction of the evolution of a particular landslide.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ Ski flying is a winter sport discipline derived from ski jumping, in which much greater distances can be achieved.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ It is a form of competitive Nordic skiing where athletes descend individually at very fast speeds along a specially built takeoff ramp using skis only; jump from the end of it with as much power as they can generate; then glide – or 'fly' – as far as possible down a steeply sloped hill; and ultimately land within a target zone in a stable manner.", "Ski flying __knowledge__ Points are awarded for distance and stylistic merit by five judges, and events are governed by the International Ski Federation (FIS).", "Ski flying __knowledge__ The rules and scoring in ski flying are mostly the same as they are in ski jumping, and events under the discipline are usually contested as part of the Ski Jumping World Cup season, but the hills (of which there are only five remaining, all in Europe) are constructed to a different standard in order to enable jumps of up to 66% longer in distance.", "H2S (radar) __knowledge__ H2S was the first airborne, ground scanning radar system.", "H2S (radar) __knowledge__ It was developed for the Royal Air Force's Bomber Command during World War II to identify targets on the ground for night and all-weather bombing, allowing attacks outside the range of the various radio navigation aids like Gee or Oboe, which were limited to about .", "H2S (radar) __knowledge__ It was also widely used as a general navigation system, allowing landmarks to be identified at long range.", "H2S (radar) __knowledge__ In March 1941, experiments with an early Airborne Interception radar based on the 9.1 cm S band cavity magnetron revealed that different objects have very different radar signatures; water, open land and built up areas of cities and towns all produced distinct returns.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Snowboarding is a recreational activity and Olympic and Paralympic sport that involves descending a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard attached to a rider's feet.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ The development of snowboarding was inspired by skateboarding, sledding, surfing and skiing.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was developed in the United States in the 1960s, became a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and first featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics is the science of the motion of bicycles and motorcycles and their components, due to the forces acting on them.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ Dynamics falls under a branch of physics known as classical mechanics.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ Bike motions of interest include balancing, steering, braking, accelerating, suspension activation, and vibration.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ The study of these motions began in the late 19th century and continues today.", "Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics __knowledge__ Bicycles and motorcycles are both single-track vehicles and so their motions have many fundamental attributes in common and are fundamentally different from and more difficult to study than other wheeled vehicles such as dicycles, tricycles, and quadracycles." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Alpine skiing, or downhill skiing, is the sport or recreation of sliding down snow-covered hills on skis with fixed-heel bindings.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ It is characterized by the requirement for mechanical assistance getting to the top of the hill, since the equipment does not allow efficient walking or hiking, unlike cross-country skis which use free-heel bindings.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ It is typically practiced at ski resorts which provide services such as ski lifts, artificial snow making and grooming, first aid, and restaurants.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Back-country skiers use alpine skiing equipment to ski off the marked pistes, in some cases with the assistance of snowmobiles, helicopters or snowcats.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Alpine skiing has been an event at the Winter Olympic Games since 1936 (except for the 1940 games).", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ As of 1994, there were estimated to be 55 million people worldwide, who engaged in Alpine skiing.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ Approximately 30 million of these were in Europe, 15 million in the US, and 14 million in Japan.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ As of 1996, there were reportedly 4,500 ski areas, operating 26,000 ski lifts and enjoying skier visits.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ The preponderant region for downhills skiing was Europe, followed by Japan and the US.", "Alpine skiing __knowledge__ A skier following the fall line will reach the maximum possible speed for that slope.", "Don Heck __knowledge__ Donald L. \"Don\" Heck (January 2, 1929 – February 23, 1995) was an American comics artist best known for co-creating the Marvel Comics character Iron Man, and for his long run penciling the Marvel superhero-team series \"The Avengers\" during the 1960s Silver Age of comic books.", "Don Heck __knowledge__ Heck was born in the Jamaica neighborhood of Queens, New York City, New York, the son of Bertha and John Heck.", "Don Heck __knowledge__ Heck learned art through correspondence courses as well as at Woodrow Wilson Vocational High School in Jamaica and at a community college in Brooklyn.", "Don Heck __knowledge__ He continued with an impromptu art education in December 1949 when at the recommendation of a college friend he landed a job at Harvey Comics, repurposing newspaper comic strip Photostats into comic-book form — including the work of Heck's idol, famed cartoonist Milton Caniff.", "Joe Heck __knowledge__ Joseph John \"Joe\" Heck (born October 30, 1961) is a retired American politician and U.S. Army Brigadier General who served as the U.S. Representative for Nevada's 3rd congressional district from 2011 to 2017.", "Joe Heck __knowledge__ Heck, a member of the Republican Party, is a board-certified physician and served as a Nevada State Senator from 2004 to 2008.", "Joe Heck __knowledge__ He ran unsuccessfully against Democrat Catherine Cortez Masto in the general election for the open Nevada United States Senate seat in 2016.", "Joe Heck __knowledge__ In the same year, Heck made headlines by joining a long list of Republicans who opposed the GOP nominee for President, Donald Trump.", "Heck cattle __knowledge__ Heck cattle are a hardy breed of domestic cattle.", "Heck cattle __knowledge__ These cattle are the result of an attempt by the Heck brothers to breed back the extinct aurochs from modern aurochs-derived cattle in the 1920s and 1930s.", "Heck cattle __knowledge__ Controversy revolves around methodology and success of the programme.", "Heck cattle __knowledge__ There are considerable differences between Heck cattle and the aurochs in build, height, and body proportions.", "Heck cattle __knowledge__ Furthermore, there are other cattle breeds which resemble their wild ancestors at least as much as Heck cattle.", "Heck cattle __knowledge__ Heck cattle originated in Germany in the 1920s and 1930s in an attempt to breed back domestic cattle to their ancestral form: the aurochs (\"Bos primigenius primigenius\").", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Weird Tales is an American fantasy and horror fiction pulp magazine founded by J. C. Henneberger and J. M. Lansinger in March 1923.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first editor, Edwin Baird, printed early work by H. P. Lovecraft, Seabury Quinn, and Clark Ashton Smith, all of whom would go on to be popular writers, but within a year the magazine was in financial trouble.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Henneberger sold his interest in the publisher, Rural Publishing Corporation, to Lansinger and refinanced \"Weird Tales\", with Farnsworth Wright as the new editor.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first issue under Wright's control was dated November 1924.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The magazine was more successful under Wright, and despite occasional financial setbacks it prospered over the next fifteen years.", "Nicholas H. Heck __knowledge__ Captain Nicholas H. Heck (1 September 1882 – 21 December 1953) was a career officer of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Corps.", "Nicholas H. Heck __knowledge__ A leading geophysicist of his time, Heck made important contributions in the study of seismology and oceanography.", "Nicholas H. Heck __knowledge__ He also revolutionized hydrographic surveying by developing the wire-drag surveying technique and introduced radio acoustic ranging into Coast and Geodetic Survey hydrography.", "Nicholas H. Heck __knowledge__ Nicholas Hunter Heck was born on 1 September 1882, the son of John Lewis Heck (1843–1927) and the former Mary Frances Hays (1848–1904), in Heckton Mills – a settlement named for his grandfather, Dr. Lewis Heck (1810–1890) – in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, near what is now Heckton.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy magazines began to be published in the US in the 1920s.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Stories with science fiction themes had been appearing for decades in pulp magazines such as \"Argosy\", but there were no magazines that specialized in a single genre until 1915, when Street & Smith, one of the major pulp publishers, brought out \"Detective Story Magazine\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ The first magazine to focus solely on fantasy and horror was \"Weird Tales\", which was launched in 1923, and established itself as the leading weird fiction magazine over the next two decades; writers such as H.P.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard became regular contributors.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ Paralympic alpine skiing is an adaptation of alpine skiing for athletes with a disability.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ The sport evolved from the efforts of disabled veterans in Germany and Austria during and after the Second World War.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ The sport is governed by the International Paralympic Committee Sports Committee.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ The primary equipment used includes outrigger skis, sit-skis, and mono-skis.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ Para-alpine skiing disciplines include the Downhill, Super-G, Giant Slalom, Slalom, Super Combined and Snowboard.", "Para-alpine skiing __knowledge__ Para-alpine skiing classification is the classification system for para-alpine skiing designed to insure fair competition between alpine skiers with different types of disabilities.", "LW12 __knowledge__ LW12 is a para-Alpine and para-Nordic sit skiing \"sport class\" defined by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC).", "LW12 __knowledge__ An LW12 skier needs to meet a minimum of one of several conditions including a single below knee but above ankle amputation, monoplegia that exhibits similar to below knee amputation, legs of different length where there is at least a 7 centimetres difference, combined muscle strength in the lower extremities less than 71.", "LW12 __knowledge__ For international competitions, classification is done through IPC Alpine Skiing or IPC Nordic Skiing.", "LW12 __knowledge__ For sub-international competitions, classification is done by a national federation such as Alpine Canada.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ Australia first competed in the Winter Olympic Games in 1936 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, and has participated in every games since, with the exception of the 1948 Games in St. Moritz.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ In the early years, Australia's athletes did poorly; only two athletes placed in the top half of their events before 1976, while the vast majority placed in the bottom quarter, including some who finished last.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ This lack of success was attributed to the Australian culture, climate and lack of snow, as well as the lack of support for the athletes—sports administrators regarded investment in winter sports as futile.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ After the appointment of Geoff Henke—who had been unable to compete in 1956 after the administrators neglected to endorse his ice hockey team's application—as team manager in 1976, the results slowly began to improve, and by the 1990s, some Australians were regarded as medal prospects.", "Para-alpine skiing classification __knowledge__ Para-alpine skiing classification is the classification system for para-alpine skiing designed to ensure fair competition between alpine skiers with different types of disabilities.", "Para-alpine skiing classification __knowledge__ The classifications are grouped into three general disability types: standing, blind and sitting.", "Para-alpine skiing classification __knowledge__ Classification governance is handled by International Paralympic Committee Alpine Skiing.", "Para-alpine skiing classification __knowledge__ Prior to that, several sport governing bodies dealt with classification including the International Sports Organization for the Disabled (ISOD), International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation (ISMWSF), International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) and Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CP-ISRA).", "LW3 (classification) __knowledge__ LW3 is a para-Alpine and para-Nordic standing skiing \"sport class\" defined by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) for skiers with a disability affecting both legs, with double below knee amputation or a combined strength total for both legs of 60, with 80 as the baseline for people without disabilities.", "LW3 (classification) __knowledge__ For international skiing competitions, classification is done through IPC Alpine Skiing or IPC Nordic Skiing.", "LW3 (classification) __knowledge__ The classification has two subclasses for para-Alpine skiing: LW3.1 which is for people with double below the knee amputations or similar disabilities, and LW3.2 which is for people with cerebral palsy that involves moderate athetoid, moderate ataxic impairment or slight diplegic involvement.", "Cara Dunne-Yates __knowledge__ Cara Dunne-Yates (March 17, 1970 – October 20, 2004) was a scholar-athlete, bioethicists, linguist, lawyer, advocate, writer, poet, and mother of two.", "Cara Dunne-Yates __knowledge__ She was a Paralympic medalist in both winter and summer sports.", "Cara Dunne-Yates __knowledge__ She was Harvard-educated, and the only disabled First Marshall (class president) of any major university.", "Cara Dunne-Yates __knowledge__ She was also a UCLA-educated lawyer (1997), who first legally fought the Law School Admission Council to utilize a Braille examination format of the LSAT.", "Cara Dunne-Yates __knowledge__ Born and raised in the northwest side of Chicago, Illinois, Dunne-Yates was diagnosed at 15 months with retinoblastoma (RB) retinal cancer." ] ]

[ 0, 1, 10, 6, 9 ]

[ "I sure can, I know the ins and outs of alpine skating, What kinda things would you like to know about it? ", "Well sure, Alpine skating itself is just learning how to slide down snow-covered hills on skis with fixed-heel bindings. Its not that hard really. ", "All you have to do is following the fall line on a hillside and then you will reach the maximum possible speed on the slope. But its best for beginners to take it slower on less demanding slopes. ", "Well as of 1994, there were estimated to be about 55 million people worldwide who performed in Alpine skiing. Today that number has nearly doubled! ", "Well if your gonna try it the best regions for downhills skiing are mostly in Europe, But there are also good places in Japan and some in the US. So you have a pretty good selection of places to visit. Think about it, a vacation + skiing! " ]

[ "Alpine skiing", "Alpine skiing", "Alpine skiing", "Alpine skiing", "Alpine skiing" ]

[ "David Mach\nhello, i have a new hobby, creating houses out of matches", "so is he the one that started it all?", "i just like gluing matches together to make houses, did not know if there was any artistic value to it", "okay, so he is an artist who takes ordinary stuff and makes art out of it" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "David Mach __knowledge__ David Mach (born 18 March 1956 in Methil, Fife) is a Scottish sculptor and installation artist.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Mach's artistic style is based on flowing assemblages of mass-produced objects.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Typically these include magazines,vicious teddy bears,newspapers, car tyres, match sticks and coat hangers.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Many of his installations are temporary and constructed in public spaces.", "David Mach __knowledge__ One example of his early magazine pieces, \"Adding Fuel to the Fire\", was an installation assembled from an old truck and several cars surrounded and subsumed by about 100 tons of magazines, individually arranged to create the impression that the vehicles were being caught in an explosion of flames and billowing smoke.", "David Mach __knowledge__ An early influential sculpture was \"Polaris,\" exhibited outside the Royal Festival Hall, South Bank Centre, London in 1983.", "David Mach __knowledge__ This consisted of some 6000 car tyres arranged as a lifesize replica of a Polaris submarine.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Mach intended it as a protest against the nuclear arms race meant to stir controversy.", "David Mach __knowledge__ A member of the public who took exception to the piece tried to burn it down; unfortunately, he got caught in the flames himself and suffered fatal burns.", "David Mach __knowledge__ In the early 1980s Mach started to produce some smaller-scale works assembled out of unstruck match sticks.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Sanrio, a Japanese company specialized in creating cute characters.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Beginning in 1963, Sanrio sells and licenses products branded with these characters and has created over 400 characters, with the most successful and best known being Hello Kitty.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ The characters listed here are shown with the year in which they first appeared.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ is the best-known of Sanrio's fictional characters, created in 1974.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty is drawn simply with a trademark red bow.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Registered in 1975, Hello Kitty is now a globally known trademark.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty has been marketed in the United States from the beginning and has held the position of U.S. children's ambassador for UNICEF since 1983.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "List of The League of Gentlemen characters __knowledge__ This article contains a list of the numerous characters featured in various media by the British comedy troupe known as \"The League of Gentlemen\".", "List of The League of Gentlemen characters __knowledge__ All of the characters were created by the troupe, who are Jeremy Dyson, Mark Gatiss, Steve Pemberton and Reece Shearsmith.", "List of The League of Gentlemen characters __knowledge__ Edward and Tulip \"Tubbs\" Tattsyrup, played by Reece Shearsmith and Steve Pemberton respectively, are a married couple (as well as brother and sister) who are the proprietors of Royston Vasey's local shop (which they inherited from their mother and has apparently been in the Tattsyrup family for generations), located on the top of a hill some distance away from the town.", "German Guy __knowledge__ \"German Guy\" is the 11th episode of the ninth season of the animated comedy series \"Family Guy\".", "German Guy __knowledge__ It originally aired on Fox in the United States on February 20, 2011.", "German Guy __knowledge__ The episode follows high school student Chris Griffin, as he attempts to find a new hobby.", "German Guy __knowledge__ He soon comes across a puppeteer named Franz, who befriends Chris and introduces him to his vast collection of puppets.", "German Guy __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Chris' neighbor, Herbert, tries to warn him of Franz's past as a Nazi during World War II, but his attempts are largely unsuccessful.", "German Guy __knowledge__ The episode was written by Patrick Meighan and directed by Cyndi Tang.", "German Guy __knowledge__ It received mostly mixed reviews from critics for its storyline and many cultural references.", "Radio-controlled model __knowledge__ A radio-controlled model (or RC model) is a model that is steerable with the use of radio control.", "Radio-controlled model __knowledge__ All types of model vehicles have had RC systems installed in them, including cars, boats, planes, and even helicopters and scale railway locomotives.", "Radio-controlled model __knowledge__ Radio control has been around since Nikola Tesla demonstrated a remote control boat in 1898.", "Radio-controlled model __knowledge__ World War II saw increased development in radio control technology.", "Radio-controlled model __knowledge__ The Luftwaffe used controllable winged bombs for targeting Allied ships.", "Radio-controlled model __knowledge__ During the 1930s the Good brothers Bill and Walt pioneered vacuum tube based control units for R/C hobby use.", "Radio-controlled model __knowledge__ Their \"Guff\" radio controlled plane is on display at the National Aerospace museum.", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ The series continued for three additional seasons: \"Cardfight!!", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ Vanguard: Asia Circuit\", which began airing on April 8, 2012; \"Cardfight!!", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ Vanguard: Link Joker\" on January 13, 2013; and \"Cardfight!!", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ Vanguard: Legion Mate\" on March 9, 2014. An anime/live action film was released on September 13, 2014 in Japan.", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ \"Cardfight!!", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ Vanguard G\" ran from October 26, 2014 to October 5, 2015.", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ It was followed by \"\" on October 11, 2015. \"\"", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ aired from April 17, 2016 to September 25, 2016.", "Cardfight!! Vanguard __knowledge__ It was followed by \"\" from October 2, 2016 to October 1, 2017, which OLM, Inc. started producing the series." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "David Mach __knowledge__ David Mach (born 18 March 1956 in Methil, Fife) is a Scottish sculptor and installation artist.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Mach's artistic style is based on flowing assemblages of mass-produced objects.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Typically these include magazines,vicious teddy bears,newspapers, car tyres, match sticks and coat hangers.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Many of his installations are temporary and constructed in public spaces.", "David Mach __knowledge__ One example of his early magazine pieces, \"Adding Fuel to the Fire\", was an installation assembled from an old truck and several cars surrounded and subsumed by about 100 tons of magazines, individually arranged to create the impression that the vehicles were being caught in an explosion of flames and billowing smoke.", "David Mach __knowledge__ An early influential sculpture was \"Polaris,\" exhibited outside the Royal Festival Hall, South Bank Centre, London in 1983.", "David Mach __knowledge__ This consisted of some 6000 car tyres arranged as a lifesize replica of a Polaris submarine.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Mach intended it as a protest against the nuclear arms race meant to stir controversy.", "David Mach __knowledge__ A member of the public who took exception to the piece tried to burn it down; unfortunately, he got caught in the flames himself and suffered fatal burns.", "David Mach __knowledge__ In the early 1980s Mach started to produce some smaller-scale works assembled out of unstruck match sticks.", "Buddy Lazier __knowledge__ Buddy Lazier (born October 31, 1967) is an American auto racing driver, best known for winning the 1996 Indianapolis 500 and the 2000 Indy Racing League season championship.", "Buddy Lazier __knowledge__ Lazier began his career in the 1980s by competing in such series as the IMSA GT Championship, the SCCA Canadian-American Challenge Cup and the American Indycar Series.", "Buddy Lazier __knowledge__ Lazier won the American Indycar Series championship in 1988.", "Buddy Lazier __knowledge__ Lazier started his IndyCar career in 1989 by competing in the Indy Car World Series.", "Buddy Lazier __knowledge__ During the season, Lazier failed to qualify for the Indianapolis 500.", "Buddy Lazier __knowledge__ Lazier eventually qualified for the Indianapolis 500 in 1991.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ The Tipperary County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) () is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Tipperary and the Tipperary inter-county teams.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ County Tipperary holds an honoured place in the history of the GAA as the organisation was founded in Hayes' Hotel, Thurles, on 1 November 1884.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ There follows details of the events of its history and the achievements of its inter county teams.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ Tipperary is known as 'The Premier County'.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ The county team has had many first and unique achievements in the world of GAA.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ 1887- The inaugural All-Ireland senior hurling final was played on Easter Sunday 1888 in Birr, County Offaly.", "Ryan Hunter-Reay __knowledge__ Ryan Christopher Hunter-Reay (born December 17, 1980) is a professional American racing driver best known as a winner of both the Indianapolis 500 (2014) and the IndyCar Series championship 2012.", "Ryan Hunter-Reay __knowledge__ In each accomplishment Hunter-Reay became the first American to win since Sam Hornish, Jr. in 2006.", "Ryan Hunter-Reay __knowledge__ Hunter-Reay also won in the defunct Champ World Series twice and the Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach.", "Ryan Hunter-Reay __knowledge__ In addition to his experience in Indy car racing Hunter-Reay has competed in the Race of Champions, A1 Grand Prix and various forms of sports car racing (the American Le Mans Series, the Rolex Grand-Am Sports Car Series and the IMSA Tudor United SportsCar Championship).", "Josh McCown __knowledge__ Joshua Treadwell McCown (born July 4, 1979) is an American football quarterback for the New York Jets of the National Football League (NFL).", "Josh McCown __knowledge__ He was drafted by the Arizona Cardinals in the third round of the 2002 NFL Draft.", "Josh McCown __knowledge__ He played college football at SMU and Sam Houston State.", "Josh McCown __knowledge__ McCown has also played for the Detroit Lions, Oakland Raiders, Miami Dolphins, Carolina Panthers, Hartford Colonials, San Francisco 49ers, Chicago Bears, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and Cleveland Browns.", "Josh McCown __knowledge__ He is the older brother of fellow NFL quarterback Luke McCown and younger brother of former Texas A&M quarterback Randy McCown.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ During the 2012–13 season, Sheffield Wednesday Football Club competed in the 2012–13 Football League Championship, the FA Cup and the League Cup.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Sheffield Wednesday have stayed in the Football League Championship after recently being promoted from the Football League One the previous year.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ They were managed by Dave Jones, while the club's chairman was Milan Mandaric.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Their league season kicked off on 18 August 2012, while the League Cup began a week earlier as they entered at Round 1 of the competition.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ In the FA Cup, The Owls began in January as they entered at Round 3.", "2012–13 Sheffield Wednesday F.C. season __knowledge__ Pre-season for Sheffield Wednesday is due to kick-off at the beginning of July 2012.", "2015 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ The 2015 Pacific typhoon season was a slightly above average season that produced 27 tropical storms, 18 typhoons, and nine super typhoons.", "2015 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ The season ran throughout 2015, though most tropical cyclones typically develop between May and November.", "2015 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ The season's first named storm, Mekkhala, developed on January 15, while the season's last named storm, Melor, dissipated on December 17.", "2015 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ The season saw at least one named tropical system forming in each of every month, the first time since 1965.", "2015 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ Similar to the previous season, this season saw a high number of super typhoons.", "2015 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ Accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) during 2015 was extremely high, the second highest since the 1970, and the 2015 ACE has been attributed in part to anthropogenic warming.", "List of television show franchises __knowledge__ The following is a list of television series franchises.", "List of television show franchises __knowledge__ Some of these franchises are formats that are adapted internationally; others are a series of connected programs set within the same fictional universe.", "List of television show franchises __knowledge__ Original name: Till Death Us Do Part Origin: United Kingdom Date started: 1965 Date ended: 1975 Creator: Johnny Speight \"(Norman Lear is credited as \"creator\" in U.S. adaptation and most U.S. spinoffs)\" First network to broadcast: BBC One First network to adapt: United States Related series (UK): \"The Thoughts of Chairman Alf\" Related series (US): \"Maude\", \"The Jeffersons\", \"Gloria\", \"704 Hauser\" Second-generation related series (US): \"Good Times\", \"Checking In\" Original name: Bewitched Origin: United States Date started: 1964 Date ended: 1972 Creator: Sol Saks First network to broadcast: ABC First country to adapt: India (2002) Original name: Cheers Origin: United States Date started: September 30, 1982 Date ended: May 20, 1993 Creator(s): James Burrows, Glen Charles, Les Charles First network to broadcast: NBC Related series: \"The Tortellis\", \"Frasier\" Original name: The Cosby Show Origin: United States Date started: September 20, 1984 Date ended: July 9, 1992 Creator(s): Ed.", "Wemyss Estate Railway __knowledge__ The Wemyss Estate Railway was a group of mineral and other railways in Fife, Scotland, mainly on the land of the Wemyss family.", "Wemyss Estate Railway __knowledge__ The lines were built to connect coal pits to harbours and the railway network, for the use of tenants of the Estate.", "Wemyss Estate Railway __knowledge__ The Wemyss and Buckhaven Railway was built at the expense of the Wemyss Estate and carried passengers; it was later sold to the North British Railway.", "Wemyss Estate Railway __knowledge__ When numerous collieries needed a railway connection the Wemyss Estate built a connecting line to Methil Harbour and improved the harbour itself.", "Wemyss Estate Railway __knowledge__ The local network became known as \"The Wemyss Private Railway\" and the Estate's interest was transferred to the Wemyss Coal Company.", "Wemyss Private Railway __knowledge__ The Wemyss Private Railway was a network of lines, sometimes known as the Wemyss Estate Railway.", "Wemyss Private Railway __knowledge__ The lines were a group of mineral and other railways in Fife, Scotland, mainly on the land of the Wemyss family.", "Wemyss Private Railway __knowledge__ They were built to connect coal pits to harbours and the railway network, for the use of tenants of the Estate.", "Wemyss Private Railway __knowledge__ The Wemyss and Buckhaven Railway was built at the expense of the Wemyss Estate and carried passengers; it was later sold to the North British Railway.", "Wemyss Private Railway __knowledge__ When numerous collieries needed a railway connection the Wemyss Estate built a connecting line to Methil Harbour and improved the harbour itself.", "SS West Saginaw __knowledge__ West Saginaw was a Design 1013 cargo ship that was built in 1919 by Northwest Steel Company, Portland, Oregon, United States.", "SS West Saginaw __knowledge__ She was built for the United States Shipping Board, passing to the United States Maritime Commission in 1936.", "SS West Saginaw __knowledge__ In 1941, she was transferred to the British Ministry of War Transport and renamed Empire Cougar.", "SS West Saginaw __knowledge__ She spent the war sailing between the United Kingdom and the Caribbean, mostly sailing via the United States with some voyages made via Africa.", "SS West Saginaw __knowledge__ She carried coal or fertilizer outbound, and returned with sugar.", "SS West Saginaw __knowledge__ \"Empire Cougar\" was sold post-war and renamed Aurora.", "SS West Saginaw __knowledge__ In 1948, she was sold to Panama and renamed Cougar, In 1951, she was sold to Italy and renamed Favola, serving until she was scrapped in 1961.", "SS Flaminian (1917) __knowledge__ Flaminian was a cargo ship that was built in 1917 by W Harkness & Sons Ltd, Middlesbrough, County Durham, United Kingdom for Ellerman & Papayanni Lines.", "SS Flaminian (1917) __knowledge__ She was sold in 1944 to the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) in 1944, converted to a cable storage hulk for Operation Pluto and renamed Empire Flaminian.", "SS Flaminian (1917) __knowledge__ Renamed \"Flaminian\" in 1946, she was used as a stevedore training ship from 1947, serving until scrapped in 1950.", "SS Flaminian (1917) __knowledge__ The ship was built in 1917 by W Harkness & Sons Ltd, Middlesbrough, County Durham, United Kingdom.", "SS Flaminian (1917) __knowledge__ She was yard number 211.", "SS Flaminian (1917) __knowledge__ The ship was long, with a beam of .", "SS Flaminian (1917) __knowledge__ She had a depth of .", "SS Ragnhild (1941) __knowledge__ Ragnhild was a cargo ship which was built in 1941 for the British Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) as Empire Carey.", "SS Ragnhild (1941) __knowledge__ In 1942 she was transferred to the Norwegian Government in exile and renamed \"Ragnhild\".", "SS Ragnhild (1941) __knowledge__ Her war service is very well documented, and serves to illustrate a typical tramp ship's service life during the Second World War.", "SS Ragnhild (1941) __knowledge__ She was sold out of government service in 1946 and renamed Penelope.", "SS Ragnhild (1941) __knowledge__ She was sold to Finland in 1950 and served until 1972 when she was sold to Sweden, renamed Ingeborg and hulked.", "SS Ragnhild (1941) __knowledge__ Laid up in 1974, she was scrapped in Denmark in 1976.", "SS Ragnhild (1941) __knowledge__ The ship was built by William Gray & Co. Ltd., West Hartlepool, as yard number 1125.", "Wemyss and Buckhaven Railway __knowledge__ The Wemyss and Buckhaven Railway was a railway company that built a line in the county of Fife in Scotland, connecting Buckhaven with the main line railway network at Thornton, and linking with collieries.", "Wemyss and Buckhaven Railway __knowledge__ It was financed privately by the Wemyss Estate and largely built on Wemyss Estate land, and it opened in 1881.", "Wemyss and Buckhaven Railway __knowledge__ It was extended to harbours at Methil and Leven in 1884 to give collieries better access to export shipping; the extension line was called the Leven Extension Railway, and was also privately financed.", "Wemyss and Buckhaven Railway __knowledge__ A passenger service was operated between Thornton and Methil.", "Wemyss and Buckhaven Railway __knowledge__ The line was sold to the North British Railway in 1889." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "David Mach __knowledge__ David Mach (born 18 March 1956 in Methil, Fife) is a Scottish sculptor and installation artist.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Mach's artistic style is based on flowing assemblages of mass-produced objects.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Typically these include magazines,vicious teddy bears,newspapers, car tyres, match sticks and coat hangers.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Many of his installations are temporary and constructed in public spaces.", "David Mach __knowledge__ One example of his early magazine pieces, \"Adding Fuel to the Fire\", was an installation assembled from an old truck and several cars surrounded and subsumed by about 100 tons of magazines, individually arranged to create the impression that the vehicles were being caught in an explosion of flames and billowing smoke.", "David Mach __knowledge__ An early influential sculpture was \"Polaris,\" exhibited outside the Royal Festival Hall, South Bank Centre, London in 1983.", "David Mach __knowledge__ This consisted of some 6000 car tyres arranged as a lifesize replica of a Polaris submarine.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Mach intended it as a protest against the nuclear arms race meant to stir controversy.", "David Mach __knowledge__ A member of the public who took exception to the piece tried to burn it down; unfortunately, he got caught in the flames himself and suffered fatal burns.", "David Mach __knowledge__ In the early 1980s Mach started to produce some smaller-scale works assembled out of unstruck match sticks.", "Manifold __knowledge__ In mathematics, a manifold is a topological space that locally resembles Euclidean space near each point.", "Manifold __knowledge__ More precisely, each point of an \"n\"-dimensional manifold has a neighbourhood that is homeomorphic to the Euclidean space of dimension \"n\".", "Manifold __knowledge__ In this more precise terminology, a manifold is referred to as an n-manifold.", "Manifold __knowledge__ One-dimensional manifolds include lines and circles, but not figure eights (because they have \"crossing points\" that are not locally homeomorphic to Euclidean 1-space).", "Manifold __knowledge__ Two-dimensional manifolds are also called surfaces.", "Manifold __knowledge__ Examples include the plane, the sphere, and the torus, which can all be embedded (formed without self-intersections) in three dimensional real space, but also the Klein bottle and real projective plane, which will always self-intersect when immersed in three-dimensional real space.", "K Foundation art award __knowledge__ The 1994 K Foundation award was an award given by the K Foundation (Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty) to the \"worst artist of the year\".", "K Foundation art award __knowledge__ The shortlist for the £40,000 K Foundation award was identical to the shortlist for the well-established but controversial £20,000 Turner Prize for the best British contemporary artist.", "K Foundation art award __knowledge__ On the evening of 23 November 1993, Rachel Whiteread was presented with the 1993 Turner Prize inside London's Tate Gallery, and the 1994 K Foundation award on the street outside.", "K Foundation art award __knowledge__ Prior to presenting their award, the K Foundation held a private exhibit of a collection of art works entitled \"Money - A Major Body of Cash\".", "K Foundation __knowledge__ The K Foundation was an art foundation set up by Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty (The KLF) in 1993, following their 'retirement' from the music industry.", "K Foundation __knowledge__ The Foundation served as an artistic outlet for the duo's post-retirement KLF income.", "K Foundation __knowledge__ Between 1993 and 1995, they spent this money in a number of ways, including on a series of Situationist-inspired press adverts and extravagant subversions in the art world, focusing in particular on the Turner Prize.", "K Foundation __knowledge__ Most notoriously, when their plans to use banknotes as part of a work of art fell through, they burned a million pounds in cash.", "K Foundation __knowledge__ The K Foundation announced a 23-year moratorium on all projects from November 1995.", "Economics of the arts and literature __knowledge__ Economics of the arts and literature or cultural economics (used below for convenience) is a branch of economics that studies the economics of creation, distribution, and the consumption of works of art, literature and similar creative and/or cultural products.", "Economics of the arts and literature __knowledge__ For a long time, the concept of the \"arts\" were confined to visual arts (e.g., painting) and performing arts (music, theatre, dance) in the Anglo-Saxon tradition.", "Economics of the arts and literature __knowledge__ Usage has widened since the beginning of the 1980s with the study of cultural industry (cinema, television programs, book and periodical publishing and music publishing) and the economy of cultural institutions (museums, libraries, historic buildings).", "Hyperbolic 3-manifold __knowledge__ In mathematics, more precisely in topology and differential geometry, a hyperbolic 3–manifold is a manifold of dimension 3 equipped with an hyperbolic metric, that is a Riemannian metric which has all its sectional curvatures equal to -1.", "Hyperbolic 3-manifold __knowledge__ It is generally required that this metric be also complete: in this case the manifold can be realised as a quotient of the 3-dimensional hyperbolic space by a discrete group of isometries (a Kleinian group).", "Hyperbolic 3-manifold __knowledge__ Hyperbolic 3–manifolds of finite volume have a particular importance in 3–dimensional topology as follows from Thurston's geometrisation conjecture proved by Perelman.", "Sheaf (mathematics) __knowledge__ In mathematics, a sheaf is a tool for systematically tracking locally defined data attached to the open sets of a topological space.", "Sheaf (mathematics) __knowledge__ The data can be restricted to smaller open sets, and the data assigned to an open set is equivalent to all collections of compatible data assigned to collections of smaller open sets covering the original one.", "Sheaf (mathematics) __knowledge__ For example, such data can consist of the rings of continuous or smooth real-valued functions defined on each open set.", "Sheaf (mathematics) __knowledge__ Sheaves are by design quite general and abstract objects, and their correct definition is rather technical.", "Sheaf (mathematics) __knowledge__ They are variously defined, for example, as sheaves of sets or sheaves of rings, depending on the type of data assigned to open sets.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Hendrik Johannes \"Johan\" Cruijff (, anglicised to Cruyff; 25 April 1947 – 24 March 2016) was a Dutch professional football player and coach.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ As a player, he won the Ballon d'Or three times, in 1971, 1973, and 1974.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff was the most famous exponent of the football philosophy known as Total Football explored by Rinus Michels, and is widely regarded as one of the greatest players in football history.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ In the 1970s, Dutch football rose from near obscurity to become a powerhouse in the sport.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff led the Netherlands to the final of the 1974 FIFA World Cup and received the Golden Ball as player of the tournament.", "Ford Mustang Mach 1 __knowledge__ The Ford Mustang Mach 1 is a performance-oriented option package of the Ford Mustang, originally introduced by Ford in August 1968 as a package for the 1969 model year.", "Ford Mustang Mach 1 __knowledge__ The Mach 1 title adorned performance oriented Mustang offerings until the original retirement of the moniker in 1978.", "Ford Mustang Mach 1 __knowledge__ As part of a Ford heritage program, the Mach 1 package returned in 2003 as a high performance version of the New Edge platform.", "Ford Mustang Mach 1 __knowledge__ Visual connections to the 1969 model were integrated into the design to pay homage to the original.", "Ford Mustang Mach 1 __knowledge__ This generation of the Mach 1 was discontinued after the 2004 model year, with the introduction of the fifth-generation Mustang.", "Mach (kernel) __knowledge__ Mach () is an operating system kernel developed at Carnegie Mellon University to support operating system research, primarily distributed and parallel computing.", "Mach (kernel) __knowledge__ Mach is often mentioned as one of the earliest examples of a microkernel.", "Mach (kernel) __knowledge__ However, not all versions of Mach are microkernels.", "Mach (kernel) __knowledge__ Mach's derivatives are the basis of the modern operating system kernels in GNU Hurd and Apple's operating systems macOS, iOS, tvOS, and watchOS.", "Mach (kernel) __knowledge__ The project at Carnegie Mellon ran from 1985 to 1994, ending with Mach 3.0, which is a true microkernel.", "Mach (kernel) __knowledge__ Mach was developed as a replacement for the kernel in the BSD version of Unix, so no new operating system would have to be designed around it.", "Mach's principle __knowledge__ In theoretical physics, particularly in discussions of , Mach's principle (or Mach's conjecture) is the name given by Einstein to an imprecise hypothesis often credited to the physicist and philosopher Ernst Mach.", "Mach's principle __knowledge__ The idea is that local inertial frames are determined by the large-scale distribution of matter, as exemplified by this anecdote: You are standing in a field looking at the stars.", "Mach's principle __knowledge__ Your arms are resting freely at your side, and you see that the distant stars are not moving.", "Mach's principle __knowledge__ Now start spinning.", "Mach's principle __knowledge__ The stars are whirling around you and your arms are pulled away from your body.", "Mach's principle __knowledge__ Why should your arms be pulled away when the stars are whirling?", "Speed Racer __knowledge__ Speed Racer, also known as , is a Japanese media franchise about automobile racing.", "Speed Racer __knowledge__ \"Mach GoGoGo\" was originally serialized in print in Shueisha's 1966 \"Shōnen Book\".", "Speed Racer __knowledge__ It was released in tankōbon book form by Sun Wide Comics, and later re-released in Japan by Fusosha.", "Speed Racer __knowledge__ Adapted into anime by Tatsunoko Productions, its 52 episodes aired on Fuji TV from April 1967 to March 1968.", "Speed Racer __knowledge__ The anime was later re-broadcast on Tokyo MX from July 1 to September 25, 2008.", "Speed Racer __knowledge__ Selected chapters of the manga were released by NOW Comics in the 1990s under the title \"Speed Racer Classics\".", "Speed Racer __knowledge__ These were later released by Wildstorm Productions, a division of DC Comics, as \"Speed Racer: The Original Manga\".", "Assemblage (composition) __knowledge__ Assemblage refers to a text \"built primarily and explicitly from existing texts to solve a writing or communication problem in a new context\".", "Assemblage (composition) __knowledge__ The concept was first proposed by Johndan Johnson-Eilola (author of \"Datacloud\") and Stuart Selber in the journal \"Computers & Composition\" in 2007.", "Assemblage (composition) __knowledge__ The notion of assemblages builds on remix and remix practices, which blur distinctions between invented and borrowed work.", "Assemblage (composition) __knowledge__ Johnson-Eilola and Selber write that assemblage is influenced by intertextuality and postmodernism.", "Assemblage (composition) __knowledge__ The authors discuss the intertextual nature of writing and assert that participation in existing discourse necessarily means that composition cannot occur separate from that discourse.", "Compressible flow __knowledge__ Compressible flow (gas dynamics) is the branch of fluid mechanics that deals with flows having significant changes in fluid density.", "Compressible flow __knowledge__ Gases, mostly, display such behaviour.", "Compressible flow __knowledge__ While all flows are compressible, flows are usually treated as being incompressible when the Mach number (the ratio of the speed of the flow to the speed of sound) is less than 0.3 (since the density change due to velocity is about 5% in that case).", "Compressible flow __knowledge__ The study of compressible flow is relevant to high-speed aircraft, jet engines, rocket motors, high-speed entry into a planetary atmosphere, gas pipelines, commercial applications such as abrasive blasting, and many other fields." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "David Mach __knowledge__ David Mach (born 18 March 1956 in Methil, Fife) is a Scottish sculptor and installation artist.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Mach's artistic style is based on flowing assemblages of mass-produced objects.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Typically these include magazines,vicious teddy bears,newspapers, car tyres, match sticks and coat hangers.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Many of his installations are temporary and constructed in public spaces.", "David Mach __knowledge__ One example of his early magazine pieces, \"Adding Fuel to the Fire\", was an installation assembled from an old truck and several cars surrounded and subsumed by about 100 tons of magazines, individually arranged to create the impression that the vehicles were being caught in an explosion of flames and billowing smoke.", "David Mach __knowledge__ An early influential sculpture was \"Polaris,\" exhibited outside the Royal Festival Hall, South Bank Centre, London in 1983.", "David Mach __knowledge__ This consisted of some 6000 car tyres arranged as a lifesize replica of a Polaris submarine.", "David Mach __knowledge__ Mach intended it as a protest against the nuclear arms race meant to stir controversy.", "David Mach __knowledge__ A member of the public who took exception to the piece tried to burn it down; unfortunately, he got caught in the flames himself and suffered fatal burns.", "David Mach __knowledge__ In the early 1980s Mach started to produce some smaller-scale works assembled out of unstruck match sticks.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Jan Robert Leegte __knowledge__ Jan Robert Leegte (1973) is a Dutch artist who lives and works in Amsterdam.", "Jan Robert Leegte __knowledge__ He is one of the first Dutch artists who makes art on and for the internet since the nineties.", "Jan Robert Leegte __knowledge__ Nowadays, he makes art both on the internet, in the form of websites as in offline media, like prints, sculptures and projections.", "Jan Robert Leegte __knowledge__ A recurring theme in his work is the sculptural materiality of interfaces and computer programs, like the graphic design of cursors, menu and scroll bars.", "Jan Robert Leegte __knowledge__ Jan Robert Leegte first studied architecture at the Technical University of Delft, before he switched to the Willem de Kooning Academy in Rotterdam where he studied fine arts and interaction design.", "Fantasia (1940 film) __knowledge__ Fantasia is a 1940 American animated film produced by Walt Disney and released by Walt Disney Productions.", "Fantasia (1940 film) __knowledge__ With story direction by Joe Grant and Dick Huemer, and production supervision by Ben Sharpsteen, it is the third Disney animated feature film.", "Fantasia (1940 film) __knowledge__ The film consists of eight animated segments set to pieces of classical music conducted by Leopold Stokowski, seven of which are performed by the Philadelphia Orchestra.", "Fantasia (1940 film) __knowledge__ Music critic and composer Deems Taylor acts as the film's Master of Ceremonies, providing a live-action introduction to each animated segment.", "Fantasia (1940 film) __knowledge__ Disney settled on the film's concept as work neared completion on \"The Sorcerer's Apprentice\", an elaborate \"Silly Symphonies\" short designed as a comeback role for Mickey Mouse, who had declined in popularity.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Fear Itself (comics) __knowledge__ The comic \"Fear Itself\" is a 2011 crossover comic book storyline published by Marvel Comics, consisting of a seven-issue, eponymous miniseries written by Matt Fraction and illustrated by Stuart Immonen, Wade Von Grawbadger, and Laura Martin, a prologue book by writer Ed Brubaker and artist Scot Eaton, and numerous tie-in books, including most of the X-Men family of books.", "Fear Itself (comics) __knowledge__ \"Fear Itself\" was first announced by then-Marvel Editor-in-Chief Joe Quesada, Executive Editor Tom Brevoort and X-Men group editor Axel Alonso at a press conference held at Midtown Comics Times Square on December 21, 2010.", "Fear Itself (comics) __knowledge__ The story, whose title is a by Franklin D. Roosevelt, \"The only thing we have to fear is fear itself\", depicts the various superheroes of the Marvel Universe contending with the Serpent, an Asgardian fear deity who causes global panic on Earth, and who seeks to reclaim the throne of Asgard he contends was usurped by his brother, Odin, father to Thor, when the latter vanquished him ages ago.", "IHME Contemporary Art Festival __knowledge__ Ihme Contemporary Art Festival (also written as \"IHME\") is a yearly festival for contemporary art produced by Pro Arte Foundation Finland.", "IHME Contemporary Art Festival __knowledge__ The festival includes a public work of art, a varied programme of events around the artwork, and educational art projects.", "IHME Contemporary Art Festival __knowledge__ Ihme Project, commissioned by the Festival, is to be realised in the public realm.", "IHME Contemporary Art Festival __knowledge__ A varied Festival programme ranging from artist talks to film screenings opens up the Ihme Project for discussion and debate and is free to attend.", "IHME Contemporary Art Festival __knowledge__ Ihme also offers an art education programme, Ihme School, with various activities.", "IHME Contemporary Art Festival __knowledge__ The word \"ihme\" means a wonder or a miracle in Finnish.", "Joan Sutherland __knowledge__ Dame Joan Alston Sutherland, OM, AC, DBE (7 November 192610 October 2010) was an Australian dramatic coloratura soprano noted for her contribution to the renaissance of the bel canto repertoire from the late 1950s through to the 1980s.", "Joan Sutherland __knowledge__ One of the most remarkable female opera singers of the 20th century, she was dubbed \"La Stupenda\" by a La Fenice audience in 1960 after a performance of the title role in Handel's \"Alcina\".", "Joan Sutherland __knowledge__ She possessed a voice of beauty and power, combining extraordinary agility, accurate intonation, \"supremely\" pinpoint staccatos, a splendid trill and a tremendous upper register, although music critics often complained about the imprecision of her diction.", "Teddy bear __knowledge__ A teddy bear is a soft toy in the form of a bear.", "Teddy bear __knowledge__ Developed apparently simultaneously by toymakers Morris Michtom in the U.S. and Richard Steiff in Germany in the early years of the 20th century, and named after President Theodore \"Teddy\" Roosevelt, the teddy bear became an iconic children's toy, celebrated in story, song, and film.", "Teddy bear __knowledge__ Since the creation of the first teddy bears which sought to imitate the form of real bear cubs, \"teddies\" have greatly varied in form, style, color, and material.", "Teddy bear __knowledge__ They have become collector's items, with older and rarer \"teddies\" appearing at public auctions.", "Teddy bear __knowledge__ Teddy bears are among the most popular gifts for children and are often given to adults to signify love, congratulations, or sympathy.", "Nokian Tyres __knowledge__ Nokian Tyres Oyj (), headquartered in Nokia, Finland, produces tyres for cars, trucks, buses, and heavy-duty equipment.", "Nokian Tyres __knowledge__ Known for its winter tyres, Nokian operates the only permanent winter tyre testing facility in the world.", "Nokian Tyres __knowledge__ The company's Hakkapeliitta brand name is recognised in Finland as a reputable trademark.", "Nokian Tyres __knowledge__ Nokian Tyres concentrates on the consumer car and vehicle tyre replacement and premium snow tyre markets; they do not supply automobile manufacturers tyres for new car production.", "Nokian Tyres __knowledge__ The greater prices consistently found in those markets result in higher profitability compared to the rest of the tyre industry.", "Merrythought __knowledge__ Merrythought is a toy manufacturing company established in 1930 in the United Kingdom.", "Merrythought __knowledge__ The company specialises in soft toys, especially teddy bears.", "Merrythought __knowledge__ It is the last remaining British teddy bear factory to still make its products in Britain and is located at Ironbridge in Shropshire.", "Merrythought __knowledge__ The company's site in Ironbridge has a small museum and shop open to the public, and is where the toys are made.", "Merrythought __knowledge__ The site is a former iron foundry building on the banks of the River Severn, less than half a mile (0.7 km) upstream from the world-famous Iron Bridge itself.", "Merrythought __knowledge__ The vicinity is known as Dale End, lying at the bottom of the Coalbrookdale valley, and falls within the wider Ironbridge Gorge World Heritage Site.", "Teddybear Airdrop Minsk 2012 __knowledge__ Teddybear Airdrop Minsk 2012 was an aerial event that took place over Belarus on July 4, 2012.", "Teddybear Airdrop Minsk 2012 __knowledge__ An airplane, chartered by the Swedish advertising agency Studio Total, illegally entered the Belarusian airspace on July 4 and parachuted several hundred teddy bears with notes carrying pro-democracy messages.", "Teddybear Airdrop Minsk 2012 __knowledge__ After denying for three weeks that the incident ever took place and calling the footage of the airdrop released by Studio Total a hoax, the Belarus government finally acknowledged on July 26, 2012, that the teddy bear airdrop did happen.", "Teddybear Airdrop Minsk 2012 __knowledge__ The event greatly angered the President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko, who viewed it as a significant national security failure.", "Teddy-Hermann __knowledge__ Teddy-Hermann GmbH is an international manufacturer of teddy bears and other plush toys based in Hirschaid, Germany.", "Teddy-Hermann __knowledge__ Teddy-Hermann is one of the oldest teddy bear producers in Germany.", "Teddy-Hermann __knowledge__ Its products are highly valued among collectors.", "Teddy-Hermann __knowledge__ The main products of Teddy-Hermann are teddy bears and other plush animals, including among others cats, dogs, monkeys, and birds.", "Teddy-Hermann __knowledge__ The company groups its products into three main lines: Hermann Teddy Original, Hermann Teddy Miniaturen, and Hermann Teddy Collection.", "Teddy-Hermann __knowledge__ The Hermann Teddy Original line is directed toward collectors and encompasses traditional and designer teddy bears as well as other animals, all of which are produced on premises in Hirschaid.", "Murder of Nancy Pfister __knowledge__ Nancy M. Pfister was an American woman who was found murdered on February 26, 2014, in a walk-in closet of her secluded home in the Rocky Mountains.", "Murder of Nancy Pfister __knowledge__ She had been beaten in the head and chest with a hammer, ax, and lamp.", "Murder of Nancy Pfister __knowledge__ Pfister has been described as having been a \"small-town socialite\" and was well known in her small community.", "Murder of Nancy Pfister __knowledge__ In October 2014, Trey and Nancy Styler, Pfister's former roommates were charged with the crime.", "Murder of Nancy Pfister __knowledge__ Shortly thereafter, Trey Styler confessed to her murder, and received life imprisonment in exchange for the charges against his wife to be dropped.", "Murder of Nancy Pfister __knowledge__ Styler claimed he killed Pfister as \"punishment\" for adding an interest rate to the couple's rent after they refused to pay for over three months." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 8 ]

[ "that is neat, David Mach (born 18 March 1956 in Methil, ", "yes he is Mach's artistic style is based on flowing assemblages", "he was know for his odd styler. Typically these include magazines,vicious teddy bears,newspapers, car tyres, match sticks", "i have heard Mach intended it as a protest against the nuclear arms race he protested with his art" ]

[ "David Mach", "David Mach", "David Mach", "David Mach" ]

[ "List of orphans and foundlings\nMy parents are both dead. They died when I was 3.", "It took 3 more years to get adopted.", "What world leader was an orphan?", "That is pretty cool. thanks for the info!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ Notable orphans and foundlings include world leaders, celebrated writers, entertainment greats, figures in science and business, as well as innumerable fictional characters in literature and comics.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ While the exact definition of orphan varies, one legal definition is a child bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ According to the United Nations, the definition of an orphan is anyone that loses one parent, either through death or abandonment.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ \"See also \" See also for lists of notable people who have been adopted (including by step-parents): many adoptees are neither orphans nor foundlings.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ This is a listing of significant characters in Charlaine Harris's \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\" / Sookie Stackhouse novels only.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ HBO created a television series called \"True Blood\" based on the novels.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ Sookie is the main character of \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\", and resides in the fictional town of Bon Temps, in rural, northern Louisiana.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ In the first novel, \"Dead Until Dark\", she describes herself as being 25 years old, with blond hair and blue eyes.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She also states: “my legs are strong and my bosom is substantial, and I have a waspy waistline”.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She is written to wear a ladies size 8-10, most of the time a 10.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between January 2000 and December 2009.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Alex Perez first appeared on November 29, 2000, later becoming the fiancée of Malcolm Winters and lover of his brother, Neil.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ The role, portrayed by Alexia Robinson, was created to fill the void left by Victoria Rowell.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Prior to her debut, the character was only known as \"Erin\".", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In 2002, it was announced that Robinson was to exit \"The Young and the Restless\" after the expiration of her contract, and departed onscreen on May 9, 2002.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from the British comedy-drama Shameless, created by Paul Abbott, which began broadcasting on Channel 4 in 2004.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The programme is set on the fictinal Chatsworth Estate in suburban Manchester and the surrounding area, and primarily follows the lives of the Gallagher family and the neighbouring Maguire family, and their friends and neighbours in the town's shops and local pub The Jockey.", "List of Shameless characters __knowledge__ The first series focuses on layabout Frank Gallagher and the lives of his six children, Fiona and boyfriend Steve, Lip, Ian, Carl, Debbie and Liam, and next-door neighbours, Kev and Veronica.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "The Walking Dead (video game) __knowledge__ The Walking Dead (also known as The Walking Dead: The Game and The Walking Dead: Season One) is an episodic interactive drama graphic adventure survival horror video game developed and published by Telltale Games.", "The Walking Dead (video game) __knowledge__ Based on \"The Walking Dead\" comic book series, the game consists of five episodes, released between April and November 2012.", "The Walking Dead (video game) __knowledge__ It is available for Android, iOS, Kindle Fire HDX, Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, PlayStation 3, PlayStation Vita, Xbox 360, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One.", "The Walking Dead (video game) __knowledge__ The game is the first of \"The Walking Dead\" video game series published by Telltale.", "The Walking Dead (video game) __knowledge__ The game takes place in the same fictional world as the comic, with events occurring shortly after the onset of the zombie apocalypse in Georgia." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ Notable orphans and foundlings include world leaders, celebrated writers, entertainment greats, figures in science and business, as well as innumerable fictional characters in literature and comics.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ While the exact definition of orphan varies, one legal definition is a child bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ According to the United Nations, the definition of an orphan is anyone that loses one parent, either through death or abandonment.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ \"See also \" See also for lists of notable people who have been adopted (including by step-parents): many adoptees are neither orphans nor foundlings.", "Desingu Raja __knowledge__ Desingu Raja (Tamil: தேசிங்கு ராஜா; English: King Desingu) is a 2013 Indian Tamil film directed by Ezhil starring Vimal and Bindu Madhavi.", "Desingu Raja __knowledge__ The film is a full-length comedy set in two villages which are perpetually at conflict with one another.", "Desingu Raja __knowledge__ The film has been extensively shot in Thanjavur, Kumbakonam and Chennai.", "Desingu Raja __knowledge__ The film was released on 23 August 2013 to highly positive reviews and was an block buster at the box office.", "Desingu Raja __knowledge__ Idhayakkani (Vimal), who hails from the village of Killioru, is a firm believer in non-violence.", "Desingu Raja __knowledge__ The ongoing feud between his family and the family of Seena Thana from the neighbouring village of Pulioru is a source of constant worry for him.", "Stuart Broad __knowledge__ Stuart Christopher John Broad, MBE (born 24 June 1986) is a cricketer who plays Test and One Day International cricket for England.", "Stuart Broad __knowledge__ A left-handed batsman and right-arm seam bowler, Broad's professional career started at Leicestershire, the team attached to his school, Oakham School; in 2008 he transferred to Nottinghamshire, the county of his birth and the team for which his father played.", "Stuart Broad __knowledge__ In August 2006 he was voted the Cricket Writers' Club Young Cricketer of the Year.", "Stuart Broad __knowledge__ Broad was awarded the Man of the Match in the fifth Test of the 2009 Ashes series at the Oval, after figures of 5/37 in the afternoon session of the second day.", "Keith Miller __knowledge__ Keith Ross Miller, (28 November 1919 – 11 October 2004) was an Australian test cricketer and a Royal Australian Air Force pilot during World War II.", "Keith Miller __knowledge__ Miller is widely regarded as Australia's greatest ever all-rounder.", "Keith Miller __knowledge__ Because of his ability, irreverent manner and good looks he was a crowd favourite.", "Keith Miller __knowledge__ English journalist Ian Wooldridge called Miller \"the golden boy\" of cricket, leading to his being nicknamed \"Nugget\".", "Keith Miller __knowledge__ He \"was more than a cricketer ... he embodied the idea that there was more to life than cricket\".", "Keith Miller __knowledge__ A member of the record-breaking \"Invincibles\", at the time of his retirement from Test cricket in 1956, Miller had the best statistics of any all-rounder in cricket history.", "James Anderson (cricketer) __knowledge__ James Michael \"Jimmy\" Anderson, OBE (born 30 July 1982) is an English cricketer who plays for Lancashire and England, in all forms of the game.", "James Anderson (cricketer) __knowledge__ Widely regarded as one of the game's greatest fast bowlers, he is known for his swing bowling, being able to swing the ball both ways and is adept at extracting late swing.", "James Anderson (cricketer) __knowledge__ Currently holding the record of most wickets for England in both ODI cricket and Test cricket, Anderson is the only English bowler, and the 6th overall, to pass 500 Test wickets.", "James Anderson (cricketer) __knowledge__ Anderson plays first-class cricket for Lancashire and since arriving on the international scene in 2002/03 (before his first full season of County cricket) has represented England in over 100 Test matches and nearly 200 One Day Internationals.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ This is a list of the New Zealand national cricket team's test match victories.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ The New Zealand cricket team played its first Test in January 1930 against England in Christchurch, New Zealand.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ The team won their first Test 45 matches and 26 years later, against the West Indies at Eden Park, Auckland in the 1955/56 season.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ As of 1 January 2018, NZ has played 424 Test matches, won 91, lost 170, and drawn 163.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ The New Zealand cricket team's inaugural test match was played on 10–12 January 1930 against England in Christchurch.", "List of New Zealand Test cricket victories __knowledge__ The team contained two of NZ's finest ever batsmen, Stewie Dempster and Roger Blunt but the match was lost.", "MCC tour of Australia in 1962–63 __knowledge__ The Marylebone Cricket Club tour of Australia in 1962–63 under the captaincy of Ted Dexter was its thirteenth since it took official control of overseas tours in 1903-1904.", "MCC tour of Australia in 1962–63 __knowledge__ The touring team played as England in the 1962–63 Ashes series against Australia, but as the MCC in all other games.", "MCC tour of Australia in 1962–63 __knowledge__ In all there were 27 matches; 5 Test matches (which they drew 1–1), 11 other First Class matches (which they drew 3–3) and 11 minor matches (which they won 8–0).", "MCC tour of Australia in 1962–63 __knowledge__ The batting of Ted Dexter proved to be a considerable draw and it was financially the most successful tour since 1946–47.", "MCC tour of Australia in 1962–63 __knowledge__ The MCC team were the first not to travel to Australia entirely by ship.", "Sarah Andrews (cricketer) __knowledge__ Sarah Joy Andrews (born 16 December 1981) is a retired female cricketer who played for Australia from 2006 to early 2010.", "Sarah Andrews (cricketer) __knowledge__ She was a right-arm fast bowler and a right-handed lower-order batsman.", "Sarah Andrews (cricketer) __knowledge__ After playing in the Second XI in 2000–01, Andrews made her debut for New South Wales in the 2001–02 Women's National Cricket League (WNCL).", "Sarah Andrews (cricketer) __knowledge__ In her debut season, she was dropped multiple times and not given much of a workload with the ball.", "Sarah Andrews (cricketer) __knowledge__ She took five wickets and was omitted for the first half of the next season before ending with six wickets despite never bowling a full quota of overs.", "Sarah Andrews (cricketer) __knowledge__ At the end of the summer, she was selected for the Australian Under-23 team.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce, also known as dissolution of marriage, is the termination of a marriage or marital union, the canceling or reorganizing of the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage, thus dissolving the bonds of matrimony between a married couple under the rule of law of the particular country or state.", "Divorce __knowledge__ Divorce laws vary considerably around the world, but in most countries divorce requires the sanction of a court or other authority in a legal process, which may involve issues of alimony (spousal support), child custody, child visitation / access, parenting time, child support, distribution of property, and division of debt.", "Disappearance of Madeleine McCann __knowledge__ Madeleine Beth McCann (born 12 May 2003) disappeared on the evening of 3 May 2007 from her bed in a holiday apartment in Praia da Luz, a resort in the Algarve region of Portugal, sparking what one newspaper called \"the most heavily reported missing-person case in modern history\".", "Disappearance of Madeleine McCann __knowledge__ Her whereabouts remain unknown.", "Disappearance of Madeleine McCann __knowledge__ Madeleine was on holiday from the UK with her parents, Kate and Gerry McCann, her two-year-old twin siblings, and a group of family friends and their children.", "Disappearance of Madeleine McCann __knowledge__ She and the twins had been left asleep at 20:30 in the ground-floor apartment, while the McCanns and friends dined in a restaurant 55 metres (180 ft) away.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ Va'etchanan ( — Hebrew for \"and I pleaded,\" the first word in the parashah) is the 45th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the second in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ It constitutes .", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ The parashah tells how Moses asked to see the Land of Israel, made arguments to obey the law, recounted setting up the Cities of Refuge, recited the Ten Commandments and the \"Shema\", and gave instructions for the Israelites' conquest of the Land.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 7,343 Hebrew letters, 1,878 Hebrew words, 122 verses, and can occupy about 249 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Abandonment (legal) __knowledge__ In law, abandonment is the relinquishment, giving up or renunciation of an interest, claim, civil proceedings, appeal, privilege, possession, or right, especially with the intent of never again resuming or reasserting it.", "Abandonment (legal) __knowledge__ Such intentional action may take the form of a discontinuance or a waiver.", "Abandonment (legal) __knowledge__ This broad meaning has a number of applications in different branches of law.", "Abandonment (legal) __knowledge__ In common law jurisdictions, both \"common law abandonment\" and \"statutory abandonment\" of property may be recognized.", "Abandonment (legal) __knowledge__ Common law abandonment is \"the relinquishment of a right [in property] by the owner thereof without any regard to future possession by himself or any other person, and with the intention to or desert the right...\" or \"the voluntary relinquishment of a thing by its owner with the intention of terminating his ownership, and without [the intention of] vesting ownership in any other person; the giving up of a thing absolutely, without reference to any particular person or purpose...\" By contrast, an example of statutory abandonment (albeit in a common law jurisdiction) is the abandonment by a bankruptcy trustee under .", "John Wayne Gacy __knowledge__ John Wayne Gacy Jr. (March 17, 1942 – May 10, 1994) was an American serial killer and rapist.", "John Wayne Gacy __knowledge__ He sexually assaulted, tortured and murdered at least 33 teenage boys and young men between 1972 and 1978 in Cook County, Illinois (a part of metropolitan Chicago).", "John Wayne Gacy __knowledge__ All of Gacy's known murders were committed inside his Norwood Park ranch house.", "John Wayne Gacy __knowledge__ His victims were typically induced to his address by force or deception, and all but one of his victims were murdered by either asphyxiation or strangulation with a makeshift tourniquet; his first victim was stabbed to death.", "John Wayne Gacy __knowledge__ Gacy buried 26 of his victims in the crawl space of his home.", "Kerishnie Naicker __knowledge__ Kerishnie Naiker is a South African beauty pageant titleholder crowned Miss South Africa 1997 and placed 4th Runner-up at Miss World 1998.", "Kerishnie Naicker __knowledge__ Kerishnie Naiker grew up in Reservoir Hills, Durban with her parents Amra and Joey, a self-employed businessman and two siblings.", "Kerishnie Naicker __knowledge__ She attained an honours degree in pharmacy in 1995 and practiced as a senior pharmacist in hospital and retail pharmacy.", "Kerishnie Naicker __knowledge__ During her final year, her father died from a heart attack.", "Kerishnie Naicker __knowledge__ She was studying towards her masters in pharmacy practice researching \"The Social and Behavioural Factors Affecting Tuberculosis in South Africa\" in 1997, when she became Miss South Africa." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ Notable orphans and foundlings include world leaders, celebrated writers, entertainment greats, figures in science and business, as well as innumerable fictional characters in literature and comics.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ While the exact definition of orphan varies, one legal definition is a child bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ According to the United Nations, the definition of an orphan is anyone that loses one parent, either through death or abandonment.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ \"See also \" See also for lists of notable people who have been adopted (including by step-parents): many adoptees are neither orphans nor foundlings.", "Science and technology in China __knowledge__ Science and technology have developed rapidly in China during the 1990s to 2010s.", "Science and technology in China __knowledge__ The Chinese government has placed emphasis through funding, reform, and societal status on science and technology as a fundamental part of the socio-economic development of the country as well as for national prestige.", "Science and technology in China __knowledge__ China has made rapid advances in areas such as education, infrastructure, high-tech manufacturing, academic publishing, patents, and commercial applications and is now in some areas and by some measures a world leader.", "Science and technology in China __knowledge__ China is now increasingly targeting indigenous innovation and aims to reform remaining weaknesses.", "Orphan drug __knowledge__ An orphan drug is a pharmaceutical agent that has been developed specifically to treat a rare medical condition, the condition itself being referred to as an orphan disease.", "Orphan drug __knowledge__ The assignment of orphan status to a disease and to any drugs developed to treat it is a matter of public policy in many countries, and has resulted in medical breakthroughs that may not have otherwise been achieved due to the economics of drug research and development.", "Orphan drug __knowledge__ In the case of the rarest diseases that afflict fewer than 10,000 people, biotech companies who own the only approved drugs to treat those diseases \"can charge pretty much whatever they want\".", "Spike Freeman __knowledge__ Spike Freeman is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Spike Freeman __knowledge__ He was depicted as the owner of the second team of X-Force and X-Statix, who first appeared in \"X-Force\" vol.", "Spike Freeman __knowledge__ 1 #117, and was created by Peter Milligan and Mike Allred.", "Spike Freeman __knowledge__ When U-Go Girl requested to have the Anarchist kicked out of X-Force, the Coach denied her request, stating that the team had a new owner, thirty-four-year-old trillionaire, Spike Freeman.", "Spike Freeman __knowledge__ After losing X-Force members Bloke and Saint Anna, the Coach visited Spike Freeman, who was taking his anger out on some X-Force merchandise.", "Spike Freeman __knowledge__ Mr. Freeman claimed that he wanted conflict, war, and internecine bloodletting.", "Henri Termeer __knowledge__ Henri A. Termeer (28 February 1946 – 12 May 2017) was a Dutch biotechnology executive and entrepreneur who is considered a pioneer in corporate strategy in the biotechnology industry for his tenure as CEO at Genzyme.", "Henri Termeer __knowledge__ Termeer created a business model adopted by many others in the biotech industry by garnering steep prices— mainly from insurers and government payers— for therapies for rare genetic disorders known as orphan diseases that mainly affect children.", "Henri Termeer __knowledge__ Genzyme uses biological processes to manufacture drugs that are not easily copied by generic-drug makers.", "Henri Termeer __knowledge__ The drugs are also protected by orphan drug acts in various countries which provides extensive protection from competition and ensures coverage by publicly funded insurers.", "List of Brain Powerd characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters in the anime series \"Brain Powerd\" directed by Yoshiyuki Tomino.", "List of Brain Powerd characters __knowledge__ Yuu Isami is a young, teenage boy and the male lead character of the story.", "List of Brain Powerd characters __knowledge__ A former Reclaimer, after a fateful encounter with Hime Utsumiya, Yuu decides to leave Orphan, escaping with a Brain Powerd.", "List of Brain Powerd characters __knowledge__ Despite the frictions between his family's ambitions to discover more of Orphan's nature and his own freedom, Yuu understands the value of keeping life precious and the memories that would cherish in his life.", "List of Brain Powerd characters __knowledge__ He has lone wolf tendencies, often going off on his own for unofficial missions or just sitting on deck staring at the sky without the company of others.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ Little Orphan Annie is a daily American comic strip created by Harold Gray and syndicated by the Tribune Media Services.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ The strip took its name from the 1885 poem \"Little Orphant Annie\" by James Whitcomb Riley, and made its debut on August 5, 1924, in the New York \"Daily News\".", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ The plot follows the wide-ranging adventures of Annie, her dog Sandy and her benefactor Oliver \"Daddy\" Warbucks.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ Secondary characters include Punjab, the Asp and Mr. Am.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ The strip attracted adult readers with political commentary that targeted (among other things) organized labor, the New Deal and communism.", "Little Orphan Annie __knowledge__ Following Gray's death in 1968, several artists drew the strip and, for a time, \"classic\" strips were reruns.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The Orphan Train Movement was a supervised welfare program that transported orphaned and homeless children from crowded Eastern cities of the United States to foster homes located largely in rural areas of the Midwest.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The orphan trains operated between 1854 and 1929, relocating about 200,000 orphaned, abandoned, or homeless children.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ Three charitable institutions, Children's Village (founded 1851 by 24 philanthropists), the Children's Aid Society (established 1853 by Charles Loring Brace) and later, the New York Foundling Hospital, endeavored to help these children.", "Orphan Train __knowledge__ The institutions were supported by wealthy donors and operated by professional staff.", "Orphan __knowledge__ An orphan (from the \"\") is someone whose parents are dead, unknown, or have permanently abandoned him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In common usage, only a child who has lost both parents due to death is called an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ When referring to animals, only the mother's condition is usually relevant (i.e.", "Orphan __knowledge__ if the female parent has gone, the offspring is an orphan, regardless of the father's condition).", "Orphan __knowledge__ Various groups use different definitions to identify orphans.", "Orphan __knowledge__ One legal definition used in the United States is a minor bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "Foundling hospital __knowledge__ A foundling hospital was originally an institution for the reception of foundlings, i.e., children who had been abandoned or exposed, and left for the public to find and save.", "Foundling hospital __knowledge__ A foundling hospital was not necessarily a medical hospital, but more commonly a children's home, offering shelter and education to foundlings.", "Foundling hospital __knowledge__ The antecedents of such institutions was the practice of the Catholic Church providing a rough system of relief, children being left (\"jactati\") in marble shells at the church doors, and tended first by the \"matricularii\" or male nurses, and then by the \"nutricarii\" or foster parents.", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany __knowledge__ Catholic resistance to Nazism was a component of German resistance to Nazism and of Resistance during World War II.", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany __knowledge__ The role of the Church during the Nazi years was always, and remains however, a matter of much contention.", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany __knowledge__ Many writers, echoing Klaus Scholder, have concluded, \"There was no Catholic resistance in Germany, there were only Catholics who resisted.\"", "Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany __knowledge__ The Vatican policy meant that the Pope never challenged Catholics to side either with National Socialism or with Catholic morality, and Pius XII was so adamant that Bolshevism represented the most terrible threat to the world that he remarked, 'Germany are a great nation who, in their fight against Bolshevism, are bleeding not only for their friends but also for the sake of their present enemies'.", "History of Poland (1945–1989) __knowledge__ The history of Poland from 1945 to 1989 spans the period of Soviet communist dominance imposed after the end of World War II over what had become the Polish People's Republic.", "History of Poland (1945–1989) __knowledge__ These years, while featuring general industrialization and urbanization and many improvements in the standard of living in Poland, were marred by social unrest and severe economic difficulties.", "History of Poland (1945–1989) __knowledge__ Near the end of World War II, the advancing Soviet Red Army pushed out the Nazi German forces from occupied Poland.", "History of Poland (1945–1989) __knowledge__ In February 1945, the Yalta Conference sanctioned the formation of a provisional government of Poland from a compromise coalition, until postwar elections.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, commonly known as the Muller Homes, were an orphanage in the district of Ashley Down, in the north of Bristol.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ They were built between 1849 and 1870 by the Prussian evangelist George Müller to show the world that God not only heard, but answered, prayer.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The five Houses held 2,050 children at any one time and some 17,000 passed through their doors before the buildings were sold to Bristol City Council in 1958.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The work of George Müller and his wife with orphans began in 1836 with the preparation of their own home at 6 Wilson Street, Bristol for the accommodation of thirty girls.", "Columbia University __knowledge__ Columbia University (Columbia; officially Columbia University in the City of New York), established in 1754, is a private Ivy League research university in Upper Manhattan, New York City.", "Columbia University __knowledge__ Columbia contains the oldest college in the state of New York and is the fifth chartered institution of higher learning in the United States, making it one of nine colonial colleges founded prior to the Declaration of Independence.", "Columbia University __knowledge__ It was established as King's College by royal charter of George II of Great Britain and renamed Columbia College in 1784 following the American Revolutionary War.", "Columbia University __knowledge__ The college has produced numerous distinguished alumni." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ Notable orphans and foundlings include world leaders, celebrated writers, entertainment greats, figures in science and business, as well as innumerable fictional characters in literature and comics.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ While the exact definition of orphan varies, one legal definition is a child bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ According to the United Nations, the definition of an orphan is anyone that loses one parent, either through death or abandonment.", "List of orphans and foundlings __knowledge__ \"See also \" See also for lists of notable people who have been adopted (including by step-parents): many adoptees are neither orphans nor foundlings.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ Info-gap decision theory is a non-probabilistic decision theory that seeks to optimize robustness to failure – or opportuneness for windfall – under severe uncertainty, in particular applying sensitivity analysis of the stability radius type to perturbations in the value of a given estimate of the parameter of interest.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has some connections with Wald's maximin model; some authors distinguish them, others consider them instances of the same principle.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has been developed since the 1980s by Yakov Ben-Haim, and has found many applications and described as a theory for decision-making under \"\"severe\" uncertainty\".", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Dear... is The Grace's second Japanese album released on January 9, 2009.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The title track \"\"Sukoshi de Ikara\" (少しでいいから) (A Little Bit of Good)\" was used as the movie \"Subaru\" soundtrack song.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Tenjochiki's second studio album includes 2 singles released from July 2008 in Japan including the B-side of their 7th single \"Here\": \"Near: Thoughtful 1220\" and the album consists of a total of 9 tracks.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The album peaked #14 on Oricon daily album charts and #37 on the Oricon weekly album charts, charted for 3 weeks and sold 4,734 copies, making their most successful Japanese album so far.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Known as “The Grace” in Korea and “Tenjo Chiki” in Japan, the pop group consists of So.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The manga series \"Rurouni Kenshin\" features a large cast of fictional characters created by Nobuhiro Watsuki.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ Set in Japan during the Meiji period, several of the characters are real historical figures who interact with the fictional characters.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The story follows a pacifist wanderer named Himura Kenshin, who was previously an assassin known as \"\"Hitokiri Battōsai\"\" working for the Isshin Shishi during the Bakumatsu period.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ After helping Kamiya Kaoru, the instructor of a kendo school in Tokyo, in defeating a criminal he is invited by her to stay at her dojo.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ During his stay in Tokyo, Kenshin befriends new people including Myōjin Yahiko, a young child descendant from a samurai family who starts training under Kaoru, Sagara Sanosuke, a former Sekihō who enjoys fighting, and Takani Megumi, a doctor involved with the illegal drug trade.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Rolfe Kanefsky (born 1969) is an American film writer/director who specializes in horror films.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Kanefsky grew up in the suburbs of New York and attended Hampshire College where he studied Film.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ He began writing stories at a young age after his childhood dream of becoming a clown took the backseat to his interest in film.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ By the time he was twenty-one, Rolfe had written and directed the original cult classic horror spoof \"There's Nothing Out There\".", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Rolfe eventually moved to California and has since been making his living writing and directing.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Kanefsky has directed 15 of his own films and been the writer on several others.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring \"Saturday Night Live\" characters and sketches introduced between September 25, 2010, and May 21, 2011, the thirty-sixth season of \"SNL\".", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Vanessa Bayer plays teen Disney Channel star Miley Cyrus as the exuberant host of her own talk show.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ (Theme song: \"I've got guests, and a show, and I'm ready to go!", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ So I guess that's pretty cool!", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ It's pretty cool!\")", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Bryan Cranston played her father and house band leader Billy Ray Cyrus in the sketch's debut; he was replaced by Jason Sudeikis in later installments.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Bayer performed her impression of Cyrus during her auditions for SNL.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in \"Dinosaur King\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The English versions of the series use names differing from the Japanese versions; in this article the English names are used.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The D-Team are the protagonists of the series who are very knowledgeable about dinosaurs.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They prevent the Alpha Gang from succeeding in their goal by saving the dinosaurs they can find.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ Among its members are: The Alpha Gang are the primary yet inept antagonists of the first series who abduct any dinosaur cards they find using their own dinosaurs as their muscle.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They conduct experiments on the dinosaur cards they find.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Steven Stalinsky __knowledge__ Steven Stalinsky is an expert on the Middle East, terrorism and terrorist use of the Internet, and encryption technologies, and has served as Executive Director of the Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI) since 1999.", "Steven Stalinsky __knowledge__ Stalinsky has briefed staff of the White House, State Department, Homeland Security, Justice Department, Office of Director of National Intelligence, Defense Department, Capitol Hill and other institutions.", "Steven Stalinsky __knowledge__ Since 2006, his research has focused on detailing and developing strategies against cyber jihad, describing how terrorist groups such as Al-Qaeda, ISIS, and others use the Internet, social media, and encryption for propaganda, recruiting, and hacking.", "Margaret Haughery __knowledge__ Margaret Haughery (1813–1882) was a philanthropist known as \"the mother of the orphans\".", "Margaret Haughery __knowledge__ She opened up four orphanages in the New Orleans area in the 19th century.", "Margaret Haughery __knowledge__ Many years later in the 20th and 21st centuries several of the asylums Margaret founded as places of shelter for orphans and widows evolved into homes for the elderly.", "Margaret Haughery __knowledge__ Margaret Gaffney Haughery (pronounced as HAW -a- ree) was a beloved historical figure in New Orleans, Louisiana the 1880s.", "Margaret Haughery __knowledge__ Widely known as \"Our Margaret,\" “The Bread Woman of New Orleans\" and \"Mother of Orphans,\" Margaret devoted her life's work to the care and feeding of the poor and hungry, and to fund and build orphanages throughout the city.", "2008–09 Middlesbrough F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2008–09 season was Middlesbrough's eleventh consecutive season in the Premier League.", "2008–09 Middlesbrough F.C. season __knowledge__ They were relegated at the end of the season.", "2008–09 Middlesbrough F.C. season __knowledge__ They were knocked out of the League Cup in the third round and knocked out of the FA Cup in the quarter-finals (sixth round).", "2008–09 Middlesbrough F.C. season __knowledge__ Gareth Southgate continued as manager under chairman Steve Gibson.", "2008–09 Middlesbrough F.C. season __knowledge__ Before the season, Southgate was considering whether to continue with the traditional role of a club captain, but later decided that Emanuel Pogatetz would continue being captain following his performances in the final ten games of the previous season.", "2008–09 Middlesbrough F.C. season __knowledge__ Middlesbrough's kits were produced by Erreà for the fifteenth and final season, and sponsored by GPS manufacturer Garmin.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, commonly known as the Muller Homes, were an orphanage in the district of Ashley Down, in the north of Bristol.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ They were built between 1849 and 1870 by the Prussian evangelist George Müller to show the world that God not only heard, but answered, prayer.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The five Houses held 2,050 children at any one time and some 17,000 passed through their doors before the buildings were sold to Bristol City Council in 1958.", "New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol __knowledge__ The work of George Müller and his wife with orphans began in 1836 with the preparation of their own home at 6 Wilson Street, Bristol for the accommodation of thirty girls.", "Orphan __knowledge__ An orphan (from the \"\") is someone whose parents are dead, unknown, or have permanently abandoned him or her.", "Orphan __knowledge__ In common usage, only a child who has lost both parents due to death is called an orphan.", "Orphan __knowledge__ When referring to animals, only the mother's condition is usually relevant (i.e.", "Orphan __knowledge__ if the female parent has gone, the offspring is an orphan, regardless of the father's condition).", "Orphan __knowledge__ Various groups use different definitions to identify orphans.", "Orphan __knowledge__ One legal definition used in the United States is a minor bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents\".", "Orphanage __knowledge__ An orphanage is a residential institution devoted to the care of orphans—children whose biological parents are deceased or otherwise unable or unwilling to take care of them.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ Biological parents, and sometimes biological grandparents, are legally responsible for supporting children, but in the absence of these, no named godparent, or other relatives willing to care for the children, they become a ward of the state, and orphanages are one way of providing for their care, housing and education.", "Orphanage __knowledge__ It is frequently used to describe institutions abroad, where it is a more accurate term, since the word orphan has a different definition in international adoption.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: A Jekyll and Hyde-type who fought Captain Marvel Jr. Based on the Nazi Dictator Adolf Hitler.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Führer of Nazi Germany, he was a member of the Monster Society of Evil.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ He ordered the creation of Captain Nazi, and caused many plots against America and its superheroes.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Like his real-life counterpart, he probably committed suicide with his wife when the Allies were advancing to Berlin.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Only appearing in \"Marvel Family\" #27.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Created by a scientist who thinks if everyone in the world was like him there would be no war." ] ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 4 ]

[ "Im sorry to hear that, I have heard that child bereft through \"death or disappearance of, abandonment or desertion by, or separation or loss from, both parents. so you are not alone.", "Well a lot of people are in your boat, Notable orphans and foundlings include world leaders, celebrated writers, ", "The leader Adam Johnson was a orphan but many others from literature and comics. are orphans too.", "One way you can learn more is looking up a list online see also for lists of notable people who have been adopted" ]

[ "List of orphans and foundlings", "List of orphans and foundlings", "List of orphans and foundlings", "List of orphans and foundlings" ]

[ "Travel\nHi! I love to travel, I go to so many different places! ", "That is correct! Sometimes when I travel it takes a long time to get there because it is so far!", "That is true as well, but I love to visit new places! I love travelling to where it is sunny.", "Sometimes travelling feels like work! Lots of walking around and trying to find places." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip.", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Travel __knowledge__ The origin of the word \"travel\" is most likely lost to history.", "Travel __knowledge__ The term \"travel\" may originate from the Old French word \"travail\", which means 'work'.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the first known use of the word \"travel\" was in the 14th century.", "Travel __knowledge__ It also states that the word comes from Middle English \"travailen\", \"travelen\" (which means to torment, labor, strive, journey) and earlier from Old French \"travailler\" (which means to work strenuously, toil).", "Travel __knowledge__ In English we still occasionally use the words \"travail\", which means struggle.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to Simon Winchester in his book \"The Best Travelers' Tales (2004)\", the words \"travel\" and \"travail\" both share an even more ancient root: a Roman instrument of torture called the \"tripalium\" (in Latin it means \"three stakes\", as in to impale).", "Travel __knowledge__ This link may reflect the extreme difficulty of travel in ancient times.", "Travel __knowledge__ Today, travel may or may not be much easier depending upon the destination you choose (e.g.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ This list comprises the items featured in the American fantasy-drama television series \"Once Upon a Time\" and its spin-off \"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\".", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The Aging Dust is causes the victim to age.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The amount of aging depends on the amount of dust used.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Emma put some in the onion rings she gave Zelena, to accelerate her pregnancy.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ She wanted baby Robin out of the way so she could put the Darkness into Zelena and then kill her with Excalibur.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Mr. Gold owns some as well as he used it to temporarily age a fairy that he and the Evil Queen chased and captured into an old woman.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Regina was mentioned to have found a way to restore the fairy back to her rightful age.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Drum kit __knowledge__ A drum kit — also called a drum set, trap set, or simply drums — is a collection of drums and other percussion instruments, typically cymbals, which are set up on stands to be played by a single player, with drumsticks held in both hands, and the feet operating pedals that control the hi-hat cymbal and the beater for the bass drum.", "Drum kit __knowledge__ A drum kit consists of a mix of drums (categorized classically as membranophones, Hornbostel-Sachs high-level classification 2) and idiophones - most significantly cymbals, but can also include the woodblock and cowbell (classified as Hornbostel-Sachs high-level classification 1).", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ Hi-5 is an Australian children's television series, originally produced by Kids Like Us and later Southern Star for the Nine Network and created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The program is known for its educational content, and for the cast of the program, who became a recognised musical group for children outside of the series, known collectively as Hi-5.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ It has generated discussion about what is considered appropriate television for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series premiered in April 1999 on the Nine Network.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series is designed for a pre-school audience, featuring five performers who educate and entertain through music, movement and play.", "Eurobeat __knowledge__ Eurobeat is either a form of the British dance-pop variant of Eurodisco, or Hi-NRG-driven Italo disco music.", "Eurobeat __knowledge__ Both developed in the 1980s.", "Eurobeat __knowledge__ In the United States, Eurobeat was sometimes marketed as Hi-NRG and for a short while shared this term with the very early freestyle music hits.", "Eurobeat __knowledge__ Italo disco was often referred to as Eurobeat, probably due to the negative connotations of the word \"disco\" in the minds of the United States' population in the 1980s.", "Eurobeat __knowledge__ \"Eurobeat\" is also directly related to the Japanese Para Para dance culture as it influences many song and business decisions.", "Eurobeat __knowledge__ The term \"Eurobeat\" was first used in the UK when Ian Levine's Eastbound Expressway released their single \"You're a Beat\" in recognition to the slower tempo of Hi-NRG music emerging from Europe.", "List of The Sword of Truth characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Terry Goodkind's epic fantasy series \"The Sword of Truth\", also expanded to its television version \"Legend of the Seeker.\"", "List of The Sword of Truth characters __knowledge__ Richard Rahl is introduced to the series as Richard Cypher, the adopted son of George Cypher and the younger stepbrother of Michael Cypher.", "List of The Sword of Truth characters __knowledge__ He learns that his real father is named Darken Rahl (in the television series, Darken Rahl is Richard's brother).", "List of The Sword of Truth characters __knowledge__ He has five known siblings: three half-brothers, one stepbrother and one half-sister.", "List of The Sword of Truth characters __knowledge__ He grew up as a woods guide in Westland, leading travelers safely through the Hartland forests, and spent most of his life in the woods so that he would know all the plants by name or by sight." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip.", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Travel __knowledge__ The origin of the word \"travel\" is most likely lost to history.", "Travel __knowledge__ The term \"travel\" may originate from the Old French word \"travail\", which means 'work'.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the first known use of the word \"travel\" was in the 14th century.", "Travel __knowledge__ It also states that the word comes from Middle English \"travailen\", \"travelen\" (which means to torment, labor, strive, journey) and earlier from Old French \"travailler\" (which means to work strenuously, toil).", "Travel __knowledge__ In English we still occasionally use the words \"travail\", which means struggle.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to Simon Winchester in his book \"The Best Travelers' Tales (2004)\", the words \"travel\" and \"travail\" both share an even more ancient root: a Roman instrument of torture called the \"tripalium\" (in Latin it means \"three stakes\", as in to impale).", "Travel __knowledge__ This link may reflect the extreme difficulty of travel in ancient times.", "Travel __knowledge__ Today, travel may or may not be much easier depending upon the destination you choose (e.g.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ Hyperspace is a faster-than-light (FTL) method of traveling used in science fiction.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ It is typically described as an alternative \"sub-region\" of space co-existing with our own universe which may be entered using an energy field or other device.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ As seen in most fiction hyperspace is most succinctly described as a \"somewhere else\" within which the laws of general and special relativity decidedly do \"not\" apply – especially with respect to the speed of light being the cosmic speed limit.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ Entering and exiting said \"elsewhere\" thus directly enables travel near or faster than the speed of light – almost universally with the aid of extremely advanced technology.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of travelers __knowledge__ This is a list of notable travelers, consisting of people that are known for their travels or explorations.", "List of travelers __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, airplane, or other means, and can be one way or round trip.", "List of travelers __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Kayamath __knowledge__ Kayamath is an Indian soap opera that aired on STAR Plus.", "Kayamath __knowledge__ The show started airing on 19 February 2007 and ended on 12 March 2009.This show gained much popularity.", "Kayamath __knowledge__ It has been top 10 show of Star Plus of all time.", "Kayamath __knowledge__ Kayamath emphasizes how relationships change over the course of time, with the concept of everlasting love as the underlying theme of the show.", "Kayamath __knowledge__ It is the story of Prachi, an ordinary young woman who faces many extraordinary situations in life.", "Kayamath __knowledge__ The story begins with the introduction of two pairs of best friends living completely different lifestyles — Prachi/Neev and Milind/Ayesha.", "Kayamath __knowledge__ Brought up in the lap of luxury, Neev Shergill and Prachi Shah are oblivious to the harsh realities that people often face in life.", "Geographical name changes in Turkey __knowledge__ Geographical name changes in Turkey have been undertaken, periodically, in bulk from 1913 to the present by successive Turkish governments.", "Geographical name changes in Turkey __knowledge__ Thousands of names within the Turkish Republic or the Ottoman Empire have lost or departed from their popular or historic alternatives in favour of recognizably Turkish names, as part of the Turkification policy.", "Geographical name changes in Turkey __knowledge__ The governments have argued that such names are foreign or divisive.", "Geographical name changes in Turkey __knowledge__ Names changed were usually of Armenian, Greek, Georgian (Including Laz), Bulgarian, Kurdish, Assyrian, or Arabic origin.", "Geographical name changes in Turkey __knowledge__ Turkey's efforts to join the European Union in the early 21st century have led to a decrease in the incidence of such changes from local, and particularly the central government.", "Kiran Bedi __knowledge__ Kiran Bedi (born 9 June 1949) is a retired Indian Police Service officer, social activist, former tennis player and politician who is the current Lieutenant Governor of Puducherry.", "Kiran Bedi __knowledge__ She is the first woman to join the Indian Police Service (IPS).", "Kiran Bedi __knowledge__ She remained in service for 35 years before taking voluntary retirement in 2007 as Director General, Bureau of Police Research and Development.", "Kiran Bedi __knowledge__ As a teenager, Bedi became the national junior tennis champion in 1966.", "Kiran Bedi __knowledge__ Between 1965 and 1978, she won several titles at national and state-level championships.", "Kiran Bedi __knowledge__ After joining IPS, Bedi served in Delhi, Goa, Chandigarh and Mizoram.", "World War I memorials __knowledge__ World War I memorials commemorate the events and the casualties of World War I.", "World War I memorials __knowledge__ These war memorials include civic memorials, larger national monuments, war cemeteries, private memorials and a range of utilitarian designs such as halls and parks, dedicated to remembering those involved in the conflict.", "World War I memorials __knowledge__ Huge numbers of memorials were built in the 1920s and 1930s, with around 176,000 erected in France alone.", "World War I memorials __knowledge__ This was a new social phenomenon and marked a major cultural shift in how nations commemorated conflicts.", "World War I memorials __knowledge__ Interest in World War I and its memorials faded after World War II, and did not increase again until the 1980s and 1990s, which saw the renovation of many existing memorials and the opening of new sites.", "History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ Since the early 1980s China has pursued a highly independent foreign policy, formally disavowing too close a relationship with any country or region.", "History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ The stated goals of this policy were safeguarding world peace, opposing all forms of hegemony, and achieving economic modernization at home.", "History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ Chinese statements repeatedly emphasized the interrelation among these goals.", "History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ In other words, China needed a peaceful international environment so that adequate resources could be devoted to its ambitious development plans.", "History of foreign relations of the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ The goal of economic modernization was a driving force behind China's increasingly active participation in world affairs, exemplified by its policy of opening up to the outside world, which greatly expanded Chinese economic relations with foreign countries." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip.", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Travel __knowledge__ The origin of the word \"travel\" is most likely lost to history.", "Travel __knowledge__ The term \"travel\" may originate from the Old French word \"travail\", which means 'work'.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the first known use of the word \"travel\" was in the 14th century.", "Travel __knowledge__ It also states that the word comes from Middle English \"travailen\", \"travelen\" (which means to torment, labor, strive, journey) and earlier from Old French \"travailler\" (which means to work strenuously, toil).", "Travel __knowledge__ In English we still occasionally use the words \"travail\", which means struggle.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to Simon Winchester in his book \"The Best Travelers' Tales (2004)\", the words \"travel\" and \"travail\" both share an even more ancient root: a Roman instrument of torture called the \"tripalium\" (in Latin it means \"three stakes\", as in to impale).", "Travel __knowledge__ This link may reflect the extreme difficulty of travel in ancient times.", "Travel __knowledge__ Today, travel may or may not be much easier depending upon the destination you choose (e.g.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "List of A Series of Unfortunate Events characters __knowledge__ The children's novel series \"A Series of Unfortunate Events\" features a large cast of characters created by Lemony Snicket.", "List of A Series of Unfortunate Events characters __knowledge__ The series follows the turbulent lives of the Baudelaire orphans after their parents, Bertrand and Beatrice, are killed in an arsonous structure fire.", "List of A Series of Unfortunate Events characters __knowledge__ The author of the series is Lemony Snicket (the \"nom de plume\" of Daniel Handler), who plays a major role in the plot himself.", "List of A Series of Unfortunate Events characters __knowledge__ Although the series is given no distinct location, other real persons appear in the narrative as well, including the series' illustrator, Brett Helquist, and Daniel Handler himself.", "List of A Series of Unfortunate Events characters __knowledge__ Count Olaf is the main antagonist and one of the primary characters of the series, making an appearance in each installment, alongside the Baudelaire children.", "List of The Baby-Sitters Club novels __knowledge__ This is a list of the novels in \"The Baby-Sitters Club\", a children's book series created by Ann M. Martin.", "List of The Baby-Sitters Club novels __knowledge__ Titles are followed by either the date of the first printing (Shen and hearer) or by the copyright date (just the year).", "List of The Baby-Sitters Club novels __knowledge__ The first 35 novels were written by Martin while the rest were ghostwritten, js 44 written by Peter Lerangis.", "List of The Baby-Sitters Club novels __knowledge__ 36.", "List of The Baby-Sitters Club novels __knowledge__ \"Jessi's Baby-sitter\" (August 1990) - Jessi feels restricted and angry when her aunt moves in and tries to take control of her life.", "List of The Baby-Sitters Club novels __knowledge__ 37.", "List of The Baby-Sitters Club novels __knowledge__ \"Dawn and the Older Boy\" (September 1990) - The members of the Baby-Sitters Club are determined not to let Dawn get hurt by her boyfriend Travis, who is older and always bossing her around.", "List of Final Destination characters __knowledge__ Final Destination is an American horror franchise consisting of five films, ten novels, and two comic books composed of six issues in total.", "List of Final Destination characters __knowledge__ Each medium features a protagonist who experiences a premonition of himself/herself and several others dying in a catastrophic accident, only to escape the event with a handful of other characters moments before it turns into a reality.", "List of Final Destination characters __knowledge__ The survivors later die one by one in a series of elaborate and often gory scenarios that frequently resemble Rube Goldberg machines in their complexity.", "List of Final Destination characters __knowledge__ Despite depicting homicide, the series is noteworthy amongst others in the horror genre in that the \"villain\" of the films is not the stereotypical slasher or monster but the entity Death itself (occasionally seen as a fleeting shadow or a gust of wind) which manipulates the environment in deadly ways with the intent of reclaiming the lives of the survivors.", "Nissan Sunny __knowledge__ The Nissan Sunny is a midsize sedan car built by the Japanese automaker Nissan from 1966 to 2006.", "Nissan Sunny __knowledge__ In the early 1980s, the brand changed from Datsun to Nissan in line with other models by the company.", "Nissan Sunny __knowledge__ Although production of the Sunny in Japan ended in 2006, the name remains in use in the Chinese market for a rebadged version of the Nissan Latio.", "Nissan Sunny __knowledge__ In North America, the later models were known as the Nissan Sentra; in Mexico, the Sunny is known as the Nissan Tsuru, which is Japanese for the bird species \"crane\".", "Nissan Sunny __knowledge__ The latest versions of the Sunny were larger than the early models, and may be considered compact cars.", "Sunny Lee __knowledge__ Sunny Lee is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \"Neighbours\", played by Hany Lee.", "Sunny Lee __knowledge__ She made her first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 8 April 2009.", "Sunny Lee __knowledge__ Sunny was created by executive producer Susan Bower in response to criticism that \"Neighbours\" was \"too white\".", "Sunny Lee __knowledge__ Lee came to the attention of \"Neighbours\" producers after she entered a competition run by \"Dolly Magazine\" to win a three-month contract with the show.", "Sunny Lee __knowledge__ Despite not winning, she was cast as Sunny soon afterwards.", "Sunny Lee __knowledge__ In August 2009, it was announced that Lee and Sunny would be departing \"Neighbours\" and Sunny made her final appearance on 19 November 2009.", "Kolshet __knowledge__ Kolshet is located in Thane.", "Kolshet __knowledge__ The road approaching Kolshet is known as Kolshet Road.", "Kolshet __knowledge__ Kolshet connects Eastern Express Highway to Western Express Highway and acts as a bypass to Ghodbunder Road.", "Kolshet __knowledge__ One can travel to Kolshet by TMT buses", "List of travelers __knowledge__ This is a list of notable travelers, consisting of people that are known for their travels or explorations.", "List of travelers __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, airplane, or other means, and can be one way or round trip.", "List of travelers __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Brachytherapy __knowledge__ Brachytherapy is a form of radiotherapy where a sealed radiation source is placed inside or next to the area requiring treatment.", "Brachytherapy __knowledge__ Brachytherapy is commonly used as an effective treatment for cervical, prostate, breast, and skin cancer and can also be used to treat tumours in many other body sites.", "Brachytherapy __knowledge__ Treatment results have demonstrated that the cancer-cure rates of brachytherapy are either comparable to surgery and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) or are improved when used in combination with these techniques.", "Brachytherapy __knowledge__ Brachytherapy can be used alone or in combination with other therapies such as surgery, EBRT and chemotherapy.", "Pennsylvania Route 118 __knowledge__ Pennsylvania Route 118 (PA 118) is a state route located in northeastern Pennsylvania.", "Pennsylvania Route 118 __knowledge__ The western terminus of the route is at PA 405 in Hughesville.", "Pennsylvania Route 118 __knowledge__ The eastern terminus is at PA 415 in Dallas.", "Pennsylvania Route 118 __knowledge__ The road is known briefly as East Water Street from its western terminus to its intersection with 6th Street in Hughesville, where it becomes Lairdsville Road for until crossing PA 42 near Unityville.", "Pennsylvania Route 118 __knowledge__ It joins PA 487 for one mile (1.6 km) in Red Rock, where it passes through the southern part of Ricketts Glen State Park.", "Pennsylvania Route 118 __knowledge__ In 1928, the road between Hughesville and Unityville was designated as part of PA 642 while the portion between Red Rock and Lehman was designated as a portion of PA 115.", "Travel visa __knowledge__ A visa (from the Latin \"charta visa\", meaning \"paper which has been seen\") is a conditional authorization granted by a country to a foreigner, allowing them to enter, remain within, or to leave that country.", "Travel visa __knowledge__ Visas typically include limits on the duration of the foreigner's stay, territory within the country they may enter, the dates they may enter, the number of permitted visits or an individual's right to work in the country in question.", "Travel visa __knowledge__ Visas are associated with the request for permission to enter a country and thus are, in some countries, distinct from actual formal permission for an alien to enter and remain in the country.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ Hyperspace is a faster-than-light (FTL) method of traveling used in science fiction.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ It is typically described as an alternative \"sub-region\" of space co-existing with our own universe which may be entered using an energy field or other device.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ As seen in most fiction hyperspace is most succinctly described as a \"somewhere else\" within which the laws of general and special relativity decidedly do \"not\" apply – especially with respect to the speed of light being the cosmic speed limit.", "Hyperspace (science fiction) __knowledge__ Entering and exiting said \"elsewhere\" thus directly enables travel near or faster than the speed of light – almost universally with the aid of extremely advanced technology.", "British Columbia Highway 1 __knowledge__ Highway 1 is part of the British Columbia section of the Trans-Canada Highway.", "British Columbia Highway 1 __knowledge__ Its total accumulated distance through British Columbia is , including the distance traveled on ferries.", "British Columbia Highway 1 __knowledge__ The Vancouver Island branch of Highway 1, known locally as the \"Island Highway\" (a name shared with Highway 19), is the main thoroughfare on the south Island.", "British Columbia Highway 1 __knowledge__ The highway was first given the \"1\" designation in 1941, and originally went from Victoria to Kelsey Bay, a small coastal community north of Campbell River.", "British Columbia Highway 1 __knowledge__ Highway 1 on the Island was shortened to terminate in the downtown core of the city of Nanaimo in 1953, with the section north of Nanaimo being re-numbered 19." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip.", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Travel __knowledge__ The origin of the word \"travel\" is most likely lost to history.", "Travel __knowledge__ The term \"travel\" may originate from the Old French word \"travail\", which means 'work'.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the first known use of the word \"travel\" was in the 14th century.", "Travel __knowledge__ It also states that the word comes from Middle English \"travailen\", \"travelen\" (which means to torment, labor, strive, journey) and earlier from Old French \"travailler\" (which means to work strenuously, toil).", "Travel __knowledge__ In English we still occasionally use the words \"travail\", which means struggle.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to Simon Winchester in his book \"The Best Travelers' Tales (2004)\", the words \"travel\" and \"travail\" both share an even more ancient root: a Roman instrument of torture called the \"tripalium\" (in Latin it means \"three stakes\", as in to impale).", "Travel __knowledge__ This link may reflect the extreme difficulty of travel in ancient times.", "Travel __knowledge__ Today, travel may or may not be much easier depending upon the destination you choose (e.g.", "Battle of the Bastards __knowledge__ \"Battle of the Bastards\" is the ninth episode of the sixth season of HBO's fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\" and its 59th episode overall.", "Battle of the Bastards __knowledge__ It was written by series co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, and directed by Miguel Sapochnik.", "Battle of the Bastards __knowledge__ Jon Snow and Ramsay Bolton, face off in a battle for control of Winterfell.", "Battle of the Bastards __knowledge__ The Bolton army defeats most of Jon's force, mostly composed of Wildlings.", "Battle of the Bastards __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Daenerys Targaryen defeats the Masters in Meereen and begins making new alliances.", "Battle of the Bastards __knowledge__ \"Battle of the Bastards\" was praised as one of the series' best episodes, with several reviewers calling it a \"masterpiece\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the British television programme \"Sugar Rush\", broadcast by Channel 4 from 2005 to 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ There have been 2 series of the programme, the first airing in 2005 and the second in 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Each series consists of ten episodes, each 30 minutes long, including adverts.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Episodes do not have individual titles.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first series consists of ten episodes and follows a 15-year-old Kim's unrequited crush on Sugar.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first episode starts with Kim and Sugar on the waltzers on Brighton Pier.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Slowly, Sugar moves in to kiss Kim.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The scene then suddenly moves to Kim in bed, under a duvet with her eyes closed, and the sound of whirring.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The characters from the American medieval fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\" are based on their respective counterparts from author George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" series of novels.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ Set in a fictional universe that has been referred to so far as \"The Known World,\" the series follows a civil war for the Iron Throne of the continent of Westeros, fought between the rival royal and noble families and their respective supporters.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The following cast members have been credited as main cast in the opening credits: Additionally the following cast members have appeared in 10 or more episodes of the show while maintaining a 'recurring' status: Ned Stark (season 1, 6-7) portrayed by Sean Bean in season 1 as an adult, and by Sebastian Croft in season 6 as a child, and Robert Aramayo in season 6 and 7 as a young adult.", "This Is What the Truth Feels Like __knowledge__ This Is What the Truth Feels Like is the third studio album recorded by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani.", "This Is What the Truth Feels Like __knowledge__ It was released on March 18, 2016 by Interscope Records.", "This Is What the Truth Feels Like __knowledge__ Initially, the album was scheduled to be released in December 2014 with Stefani working with a handful of high-profile producers, and Benny Blanco serving as executive producer.", "This Is What the Truth Feels Like __knowledge__ However, after the underperformance of her 2014 singles and the writer's block Stefani suffered, she did not feel comfortable curating an album and scrapped the whole record in favor of starting again.", "This Is What the Truth Feels Like __knowledge__ The album's release was scheduled after Stefani hinted at it on her Twitter account.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ \"Avengers vs. X-Men\" (abbreviated \"AvX'\" and \"AvsX\") is a 2012 crossover event that was featured in comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The event, consisting of an eponymous limited series and numerous tie-in books, involves the return of the Phoenix Force and the subsequent war between the Avengers and the X-Men.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The 12-issue twice-monthly series was first published in April 2012, and features a storyline by Jason Aaron, Brian Michael Bendis, Ed Brubaker, Jonathan Hickman and Matt Fraction, with a rotating team of artists including John Romita, Jr., Olivier Coipel and Adam Kubert.", "Avengers vs. X-Men __knowledge__ The event was preceded by the four-issue limited series \"Avengers: X-Sanction\" by Jeph Loeb and Ed McGuinness and \"Avengers vs. X-Men #0\".", "Romance languages __knowledge__ The Romance languages (sometimes called the Romanic languages, Latin languages, or Neo-Latin languages) are the modern languages that evolved from Vulgar Latin between the sixth and ninth centuries and that thus form a branch of the Italic languages within the Indo-European language family.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ Today, around 800 million people are native speakers worldwide, mainly in Europe, Africa and the Americas, but also elsewhere.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ Additionally, the major Romance languages have many non-native speakers and are in widespread use as lingua francas.", "Romance languages __knowledge__ This is especially the case for French, which is in widespread use throughout Central and West Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius and the Maghreb.", "Bourse du Travail __knowledge__ The Bourse du Travail (French for \"labour exchanges\"), a French form of the labour council, were working class organizations that encouraged mutual aid, education, and self-organization amongst their members in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.", "Bourse du Travail __knowledge__ Early Third Republic France was a time of dramatic social and economic change.", "Bourse du Travail __knowledge__ With the tremendous growth of industrial capitalism in the last twenty years of the 19th century and the continued migration of workers to cities, the traditional system of meeting places for those seeking work was overtaxed.", "Bourse du Travail __knowledge__ Skilled and unskilled trades alike had gradually developed systems to match those seeking work with employers, but the legalisation of trades unions in 1884, helped formalise these structures.", "Old French __knowledge__ Old French (', ', \"\"; Modern French ) was the language spoken in Northern France from the 8th century to the 14th century.", "Old French __knowledge__ In the 14th century, these dialects came to be collectively known as the \"langue d'oïl\", contrasting with the \"langue d'oc\" or Occitan language in the south of France.", "Old French __knowledge__ The mid-14th century is taken as the transitional period to Middle French, the language of the French Renaissance, specifically based on the dialect of the Île-de-France region.", "Old French __knowledge__ The place and area where Old French was spoken natively roughly extended to the historical Kingdom of France and its vassals (including parts of the Angevin Empire, which during the 12th century remained under Anglo-Norman rule), and Burgundy, Lorraine and Savoy to the east (corresponding to modern north-central France, Belgian Wallonia, western Switzerland and northwestern Italy), but the influence of Old French was much wider, as it was carried to England, Sicily and the Crusader states as the language of a feudal elite and of commerce.", "French Resistance __knowledge__ The French Resistance () was the collection of French movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during the Second World War.", "French Resistance __knowledge__ Resistance cells were small groups of armed men and women (called the Maquis in rural areas), who, in addition to their guerrilla warfare activities, were also publishers of underground newspapers, providers of first-hand intelligence information, and maintainers of escape networks that helped Allied soldiers and airmen trapped behind enemy lines.", "French Resistance __knowledge__ The men and women of the Resistance came from all economic levels and political leanings of French society, including émigrés; academics, students, aristocrats, conservative Roman Catholics (including priests) and also citizens from the ranks of liberals, anarchists and communists.", "French language __knowledge__ French ( or ) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.", "French language __knowledge__ It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages.", "French language __knowledge__ French has evolved from Gallo-Romance, the spoken Latin in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul.", "French language __knowledge__ Its closest relatives are the other langues d'oïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French (Francien) has largely supplanted.", "French language __knowledge__ French was also influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the (Germanic) Frankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders.", "Frankish language __knowledge__ Frankish (reconstructed Frankish: *), Old Franconian or Old Frankish was the West Germanic language spoken by the Franks between the 4th and 8th century.", "Frankish language __knowledge__ The language itself is poorly attested, but it gave rise to numerous loanwords in Old French.", "Frankish language __knowledge__ Old Dutch is the term for the Old Franconian dialects spoken in the Low Countries, i.e.", "Frankish language __knowledge__ in present-day Belgium, in the present Netherlands and Western parts of today's Germany until about the 12th century when it evolved into Middle Dutch.", "Frankish language __knowledge__ During the Merovingian period, Frankish had significant influence on the Romance languages spoken in Gaul.", "Frankish language __knowledge__ As a result, many modern French words and placenames (including the country name \"France\") have a Germanic origin." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 3 ]

[ "Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations", "Traveling does not have to be a long stretch, it also involves short stays between successive movements.", "The word travel was taken an from Old French word \"travail\", which means 'work'", "The history of the word is unknown" ]

[ "Travel", "Travel", "Travel", "Travel" ]

[ "Fly fishing", "ive never tried", "oh wow really?", "yea i can imagine it is" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In Britain, where natural water temperatures vary less, the distinction is between game fishing for trout and salmon versus coarse fishing for other species.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for fly fishing differ with habitat (lakes and ponds, small streams, large rivers, bays and estuaries, and open ocean.)", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Author Izaak Walton called fly fishing \"The Contemplative Man's Recreation\".", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In fly fishing, fish are caught by using artificial flies that are cast with a fly rod and a fly line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly line (today, almost always coated with plastic) is heavy enough to send the fly to the target." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In Britain, where natural water temperatures vary less, the distinction is between game fishing for trout and salmon versus coarse fishing for other species.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for fly fishing differ with habitat (lakes and ponds, small streams, large rivers, bays and estuaries, and open ocean.)", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Author Izaak Walton called fly fishing \"The Contemplative Man's Recreation\".", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In fly fishing, fish are caught by using artificial flies that are cast with a fly rod and a fly line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly line (today, almost always coated with plastic) is heavy enough to send the fly to the target.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "St Ive __knowledge__ St Ive ( ; ) is a village and civil parish in eastern Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The village is split into four parts: St Ive Church End, St Ive Cross, St Ive Keason and St Ive Parkfield.", "St Ive __knowledge__ In addition to the Parish an electoral ward exists stretching north of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The population at the 2011 census was 4,246.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The parish used to be a large rural area of rolling landscape with wooded valleys and the population was sparse with the largest village being St Ive itself, sited on the A390.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The hamlet of Woolston lies to the northwest of St Ive.", "St Ive __knowledge__ The demography of the parish was radically altered with the mid-Victorian mining boom centred on Caradon Hill.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The Institute of the Incarnate Word (IVE) () is a Roman Catholic religious institute founded in Argentina by Fr.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ Carlos Miguel Buela on March 25, 1984.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The Institute is a \"Clerical Institute\" of Consecrated Life of Diocesan Right which includes both priests and religious brothers of either apostolic or contemplative life.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The Institute is the male branch of the Religious Family of the Incarnate Word: a union of religious institutes founded by Fr.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ Buela.", "Institute of the Incarnate Word __knowledge__ The other two branches are the female religious community known as the Servants of the Lord and the Virgin of Matará (SSVM) and the Secular Third Order.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ Our Lady of Peace Shrine is a Roman Catholic parish of the Diocese of San Jose located in Santa Clara, California.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ The most notable feature of the parish is the 32-foot statue of Our Lady, Queen of Peace, which is visible from U.S. Highway 101.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ The parish was founded on June 24, 1961 when Father Joseph G. Sullivan was appointed pastor.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ In 1969 Fr.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ John Joseph Sweeny took over and worked to pay down the parish's $500,000 debt.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ After Monsignor Sweeny's retirement in accordance with the age requirements in canon law, Fr.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ Walter Mallo, IVE was appointed pastor.", "Our Lady of Peace Shrine __knowledge__ The parish had two Associate pastors while Fr.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ Umueze Anam is a community in Anambra West Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ It is said that Umueze Anam was founded by one hunter from Amadioba Nteje known as Nwavor in the 17th century.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ As a hunter, he used to hunt for game around the Omambala River when he found a peaceful peninsula across the river and settled there.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ Nwavor was accused of having a hand in the death of his archrival a kinsman of his and in other to free himself from the accusation decided to leave Nteje and settle at Odah.", "Umueze Anam __knowledge__ He first arrived at a place called Odah Anam where he found a lot of wildlife and fertile land for agricultural purposes.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ Artisan Entertainment (formerly known as U.S.A. Home Video, International Video Entertainment (IVE) and LIVE Entertainment) was an American film studio and home video company.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ It was considered one of the largest mini-major film studios until it was purchased by later mini-major film studio Lions Gate Entertainment in 2003.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ At the time of its acquisition, Artisan had a library of thousands of films developed through acquisition, original production, and production and distribution agreements.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ Its headquarters and private screening room were located in Santa Monica, California.", "Artisan Entertainment __knowledge__ It also had an office in Tribeca in Manhattan, New York.", "Ronda Storms __knowledge__ Ronda R. Storms (born Ronda Rehnell Newcomb on September 5, 1965) is an American politician representing her adopted home state of Florida.", "Ronda Storms __knowledge__ Affiliated with the Republican Party, she represented the 10th District in the Florida Senate from 2006 to 2012.", "Ronda Storms __knowledge__ She decided not to run in 2012 for the new 24th District.", "Ronda Storms __knowledge__ Storms had an eight-year tenure on the Hillsborough County Commission (1998-2006) and advanced a number of controversial issues.", "Ronda Storms __knowledge__ Ronda Newcomb was born in Des Moines, Iowa, into a military family, and moved around often, growing up in Germany, Turkey and Alabama.", "Ronda Storms __knowledge__ Spending many formative years in Turkey, she used to be fluent in the Turkish language, but has had \"little call for the language recently.\"", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the practice of catching fish.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ It is a pre-historic practice dating back at least 40,000 years.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Since the 16th century fishing vessels have been able to cross oceans in pursuit of fish and since the 19th century it has been possible to use larger vessels and in some cases process the fish on board.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term fishing may be applied to catching other aquatic animals such as shellfish, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term is not usually applied to catching aquatic mammals, such as whales, where the term whaling is more appropriate, or to farmed fish.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Recreational fishing, also called sport fishing, is fishing for pleasure or competition.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ It can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is fishing for profit, or subsistence fishing, which is fishing for survival.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a rod, reel, line, hooks and any one of a wide range of baits.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Other devices, commonly referred to as \"terminal tackle\", are also used to affect or complement the presentation of the bait to the targeted fish.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Some examples of terminal tackle include weights, floats, and swivels.", "Recreational fishing __knowledge__ Lures are frequently used in place of bait.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Angling in Yellowstone National Park is a major reason many visitors come to the park each year and since it was created in 1872, the park has drawn anglers from around the world to fish its waters.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ In 2006, over 50,000 park fishing permits were issued to visitors.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ The park contains hundreds of miles of accessible, high-quality trout rivers containing wild trout populations—over 200 creeks, streams and rivers are fishable.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ There are 45 fishable lakes and several large lakes are easily accessible to visitors.", "Angling in Yellowstone National Park __knowledge__ Additionally, the park's remote sections provide anglers ample opportunity to visit rivers, streams, creeks and lakes that receive little angling pressure.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fishing tackle is the equipment used by fishermen when fishing.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called fishing tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Some examples are hooks, lines, sinkers, floats, rods, reels, baits, lures, spears, nets, gaffs, traps, waders and tackle boxes.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Gear that is attached to the end of a fishing line is called terminal tackle.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ This includes hooks, leaders, swivels, sinkers, floats, split rings and wire, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises to attach spinner blades to fishing lures.", "Fishing tackle __knowledge__ Sometimes the term fishing rig is used for a completed assembly of tackle ready for fishing.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing may include catching aquatic animals other than fish, such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Fishing __knowledge__ The term is not normally applied to catching farmed fish, or to aquatic mammals, such as whales where the term whaling is more appropriate.", "Fishing __knowledge__ According to the United Nations FAO statistics, the total number of commercial fishermen and fish farmers is estimated to be 38 million.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fisheries and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people in developing countries.", "Artificial fly __knowledge__ An artificial fly or fly lure is a type of fishing lure, usually used in the sport of fly fishing (although they may also be used in other forms of angling).", "Artificial fly __knowledge__ In general, artificial flies are an imitation of natural food sources which fly fishers present to their of fish while fly fishing.", "Artificial fly __knowledge__ Artificial flies are constructed by fly tying, in which furs, feathers, thread or any of very many other materials are tied onto a fish hook.", "Artificial fly __knowledge__ Artificial flies may be constructed to represent all manner of potential freshwater and saltwater fish prey to include aquatic and terrestrial insects, crustaceans, worms, baitfish, vegetation, flesh, spawn, small reptiles, amphibians, mammals and birds, etc." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In Britain, where natural water temperatures vary less, the distinction is between game fishing for trout and salmon versus coarse fishing for other species.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for fly fishing differ with habitat (lakes and ponds, small streams, large rivers, bays and estuaries, and open ocean.)", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Author Izaak Walton called fly fishing \"The Contemplative Man's Recreation\".", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In fly fishing, fish are caught by using artificial flies that are cast with a fly rod and a fly line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly line (today, almost always coated with plastic) is heavy enough to send the fly to the target.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "Telegraphing (sports) __knowledge__ In sporting terminology, to telegraph is to unintentionally alert an opponent to one's immediate situation or intentions.", "Telegraphing (sports) __knowledge__ The sporting use of the term \"telegraph\" draws a direct comparison with the communication device of the same name.", "Telegraphing (sports) __knowledge__ \"Telegraphing\" always refers to a reflexive physical action rather than a protracted or intellectual give-away.", "Telegraphing (sports) __knowledge__ For example, a boxer rotating his shoulders to throw a hook would be telegraphing.", "Telegraphing (sports) __knowledge__ A rugby team betraying its line-out plays by using an easily decoded line-out code is \"not\" telegraphing.", "Telegraphing (sports) __knowledge__ While telegraphing is a hazard for any sporting event, it is particularly risky at upper levels of competition where talented players are better able to anticipate and react to telegraphed actions.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ A fishing rod is a long, flexible rod used to catch fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ At its simplest, a fishing rod is a simple stick or pole attached to a line ending in a hook (formerly known as an \"angle\", hence the term angling).", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The length of the rod can vary between .", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ To entice fish, bait or lures are impaled on one or more hooks attached to the line.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The line is generally stored on a reel which reduces tangles and assists in landing a fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ Traditionally rods are made from bamboo, while contemporary rods are usually made from fibreglass or carbon fibre.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ In contrast with nets, which are usually used in subsistence and commercial fishing, fishing rods are more often used in recreational fishing and competitive casting.", "Bamboo fly rod __knowledge__ A bamboo fly rod or a split cane rod is a fly fishing rod that is made from bamboo.", "Bamboo fly rod __knowledge__ The British generally use the term \"split cane.\"", "Bamboo fly rod __knowledge__ In the U.S., most use the term \"bamboo.\"", "Bamboo fly rod __knowledge__ The \"heyday\" of bamboo fly rod production and use was an approximately 75-year period from the 1870-s to the 1950s when fiberglass became the predominant material for fly rods.", "Bamboo fly rod __knowledge__ Nevertheless, bamboo fly rods made from skilled makers continue to be 'state-of-the-art' in performance and are cherished and revered by their owners.", "Bamboo fly rod __knowledge__ With more than 1,000 different bamboo species and nearly a hundred different kinds, Tonkin Cane (\"Arundinaria amabilis\" or \"Pseudosasa amabilis\") is most often used for fishing rods, replacing Calcutta cane which was used extensively prior.", "Joan Wulff __knowledge__ Joan Salvato Wulff, also known as the \"First Lady of Fly Fishing\", is widely regarded as the architect of modern-day fly-casting mechanics and is revered within the sport for her pioneering and many accomplishments.", "Joan Wulff __knowledge__ Since learning to cast as a schoolgirl in 1937, she has left a legacy for new generations of fly anglers and taught countless people the art of fly-casting through the school she founded and books she has written.", "Joan Wulff __knowledge__ Her demystification of the fly cast, numerous career accolades, and many contributions to the sport have earned her induction into the International Game Fish Association Hall of Fame (2007) and American Casting Association Hall of Fame.", "Everett Garrison __knowledge__ Edmund Everett Garrison (b. winter of 1893, Yonkers, New York; d. February 8, 1975, Ossining, New York, United States) was a structural and electrical engineer known as a maker of bamboo fly rods and co-author of \"A Master's Guide To Building A Bamboo Fly Rod\".", "Everett Garrison __knowledge__ Everett Garrison's methods and designs have been utilized by generations of bamboo fly rod makers.", "Everett Garrison __knowledge__ His rods fetch high prices from collectors.", "Everett Garrison __knowledge__ Everett Garrison was born in Yonkers in the winter of 1893.", "Everett Garrison __knowledge__ He was of Dutch ancestry.", "Everett Garrison __knowledge__ His father was an engineer who held two degrees from Columbia University.", "Everett Garrison __knowledge__ His family owned and operated a steam driven barge business along the Hudson River.Garrison, Everett and Carmichael, Hoagy B.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly fishing tackle comprises the fishing tackle or equipment typically used by fly anglers.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly fishing tackle includes: Fly rods normally vary between 2 m (6 ft) and 4 m (13 ft) in length with the most common length sold being 2.74 m (9 ft).", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Rod lengths are typically given in imperial measurements of feet and inches.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Fly rods and lines are designated as to their \"weight\", typically written as Nwt where 'N' is the number (\"e.g.\"", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ 8wt, 9wt, 10wt).", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ Rods are matched to the line according to weight.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ The rod's manufacturer will mark on the rod the fly line weights for which a rod has been designed.", "Fly fishing tackle __knowledge__ One-weight (1wt) rods and lines are the lightest; the weight designations increase in whole number increments as the rod becomes heavier.", "E.W. Edwards __knowledge__ Eustis William Edwards (b. Maine, July 27, 1857; d. Mt.", "E.W. Edwards __knowledge__ Carmel, Connecticut December 31, 1931) was best known as a premier bamboo fly rod maker and innovator.", "E.W. Edwards __knowledge__ During his time, the fly rods he made were considered the best of their kind.", "E.W. Edwards __knowledge__ He worked for H.L.", "E.W. Edwards __knowledge__ Leonard, co-created the Kosmic Rod, produced fly rods under his own name and manufactured them for the large sporting goods companies.", "E.W. Edwards __knowledge__ His contributions were crucial in the creation of what today we regard as the 'modern fly rod'.", "E.W. Edwards __knowledge__ Eustis Edwards was born July 27, 1857 in the U.S. state of Maine.", "E.W. Edwards __knowledge__ He was the son of William Scott Edwards a civil engineer and mother, Susan Jane Parsons." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In Britain, where natural water temperatures vary less, the distinction is between game fishing for trout and salmon versus coarse fishing for other species.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for fly fishing differ with habitat (lakes and ponds, small streams, large rivers, bays and estuaries, and open ocean.)", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Author Izaak Walton called fly fishing \"The Contemplative Man's Recreation\".", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ In fly fishing, fish are caught by using artificial flies that are cast with a fly rod and a fly line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly line (today, almost always coated with plastic) is heavy enough to send the fly to the target.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Daniel R. Liljenquist (born July 10, 1974) is an American businessman and former politician.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He was a Republican member of the Utah State Senate representing the state's 23rd senate district in Davis County from January 2009 to December 2011.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He resigned to run in the 2012 election for U.S. Senate against 36-year-incumbent United States Senator Orrin Hatch.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Liljenquist was defeated by Hatch in the primary election.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He currently consults on pension reform and healthcare.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ He serves on the boards of the Lucy Burns Institute, which publishes Ballotpedia, and the Utah Debate Commission.", "Dan Liljenquist __knowledge__ Born in Nashville to Dr. John E. Liljenquist and Colleen Redford Liljenquist, he spent most of his childhood in Idaho Falls.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static is a hip-hop duo formerly based out of Chicago, Illinois.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The group's two members, Stefen Robinson and Moses Harris, Jr., have been working together since 2005.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ The duo of Yea Big + Kid Static was formed in late 2005 by Stefen Robinson (Yea Big) and Moses Harris, Jr. (Kid Static).", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Their work is a blend of sample-based experimental hip-hop, D.I.Y.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ punk, and roots music.", "Yea Big + Kid Static __knowledge__ Yea Big + Kid Static has toured with bands as diverse as The Mae Shi, Rapider Than Horsepower, Bark Bark Bark and Gentleman Auction House; and released a digital-only side project, \"Secretary\", with Brad Breeck (of The Mae Shi) and Andrea Cochran.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The Shire of Yea was a local government area about northeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The shire covered an area of , and existed from 1869 until 1994.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ The shire's population was dominated by the town of Yea.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ Yea was first incorporated as a road district on 1 February 1869, and became a shire on 28 November 1873.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ Its boundaries changed a number of times throughout its existence: The Shire was described in the 1949 Australian Blue Book as an elevated area given to pastoral and dairying pursuits, along with sheep and cattle grazing.", "Shire of Yea __knowledge__ By 1994, 51% of Yea's land was under cultivation as farmland, with the Kinglake National Park and Yea River Regional Park as well as the Murrindindi Forest, the latter being important to Yea's economy for timber production, accounting for much of the rest.", "Cory Atkins __knowledge__ Cory Atkins (February 10, 1949) is an American state legislator serving in the Massachusetts House of Representatives.", "Cory Atkins __knowledge__ She was first elected in 1998.", "Cory Atkins __knowledge__ Atkins is a Concord resident and a member of the Democratic Party.", "Cory Atkins __knowledge__ Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Atkins went to Burdett Business School and then received her bachelor's degree from University of Massachusetts Boston.", "Cory Atkins __knowledge__ Prior to serving in the Massachusetts House of Representatives, Atkins worked as a partner with ADS Ventures from 1992 until 1999.", "Cory Atkins __knowledge__ She is an instructor at Middlesex Community College and writes a political newspaper column and travel column.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ The Federal Marriage Amendment (FMA) (also referred to by proponents as the Marriage Protection Amendment) is a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution which would define marriage in the United States as a union of one man and one woman.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ The FMA would also prevent judicial extension of marriage rights to same-sex or other unmarried heterosexual couples.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ An amendment to the U.S. Constitution requires the support of two thirds of each house of Congress and ratification by three fourths of the states.", "Federal Marriage Amendment __knowledge__ The last Congressional vote on the proposed Amendment occurred in the United States House of Representatives on July 18, 2006, when the Amendment failed 236 to 187, falling short of the 290 votes required for passage in that body.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ Oh Yeah is a music centre located in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in the Cathedral Quarter.", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ It was founded primarily to support young talented musicians and bands from Northern Ireland and its huge and growing music scene by providing help and promotion, technical equipment for rehearsing, recording, gigs and event organisation, performing space and releases of band compilations (\"Oh Yeah Sessions\").", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ The Oh Yeah music centre's genres are varying in its manifoldness of Alternative rock, Indie rock, Electronica, Post rock, Post punk, Crossover, Experimental rock and further musical stylistic ways and conceptions.", "Weightlessness __knowledge__ Weightlessness, or an absence of weight, is an absence of stress and strain resulting from externally applied mechanical contact-forces, typically normal forces (from floors, seats, beds, scales, etc.).", "Weightlessness __knowledge__ Counterintuitively, a uniform gravitational field does not by itself cause stress or strain, and a body in free fall in such an environment experiences no g-force acceleration and feels weightless.", "Weightlessness __knowledge__ This is also termed zero-g, where the term is more correctly understood as meaning \"zero g-force.\"", "Weightlessness __knowledge__ When bodies are acted upon by non-gravitational forces, as in a centrifuge, a rotating space station, or within a space ship with rockets firing, a sensation of weight is produced, as the contact forces from the moving structure act to overcome the body's inertia.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ \"Sexy\" is the fifteenth episode of the second season of the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\", and the thirty-seventh episode overall.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ It was written by Brad Falchuk, directed by Ryan Murphy, and first aired on the Fox network on March 8, 2011.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ The episode mainly revolves around the topics of sex and adolescent sexuality.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ In it, Holly Holliday (Gwyneth Paltrow) returns to McKinley High School as a substitute teacher in a class devoted to sex education.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ Glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) begins to develop feelings for Holly, and guidance counselor and celibacy club advisor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays) is less than pleased with Holly's lessons.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Oh Yeah!", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Cartoons is an American animation showcase that appeared on the Nickelodeon cable network, who which was created and guided by Fred Seibert, former Creative Director of MTV Networks and President of Hanna-Barbera.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Produced by Nickelodeon Animation Studio and Frederator Incorporated, it ran as part of Nickelodeon's Nicktoons lineup, and, in its second season, was hosted by Kenan Thompson of \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" fame; followed later by Josh Server, also from \"All That\", for its third season.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Bill Burnett composed the show's theme music.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ In terms of sheer volume, \"Oh Yeah!", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Cartoons\" remains TV's biggest animation development program ever." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 4 ]

[ "Do you ever go fishing? I like fly fishing, an angling method of fishing!", "Oh well it's really easy, you just cast your line with a fly rod!", "Oh yeah, but it's a lot harder than regular fishing due to the fly being nearly weightless", "Oh yeah, most fly fishermen use hand tied flies " ]

[ "Fly fishing", "Fly fishing", "Fly fishing", "Fly fishing" ]

[ "Go-kart", "oh wow, how long have they been around?", "I would love to ride in one." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Go-kart __knowledge__ A go-kart, also written as go-cart (often referred to as simply a kart), is a type of open-wheel car.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Go-karts come in all shapes and forms, from motorless models to high-powered racing machines.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Some, such as Superkarts, are able to beat racing cars or motorcycles on long circuits.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Gravity racers, usually referred to as Soap Box Derby carts, are the simplest type of go-karts.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ They are propelled by gravity, with some races taking place down a single hill.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Recreational karts can be powered by four-stroke engines or electric motors, while racing karts use a two-stroke or, rarely, higher powered four-stroke engines.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Most of them are single seater but some recreational models can accommodate a passenger.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ In some countries, go-karts can be licensed for use on public roads.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Typically there are some restrictions, e.g.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ in the European Union a go-kart on the road needs head light (high/low beam), tail lights, a horn and indicators, and their power must not exceed .", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Besides traditional kart racing, many commercial enterprises offer karts for rent, often called \"recreational\" or \"concession\" karts.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ The tracks can be indoor or outdoor.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Karts are rented by sessions (usually from 10 to 30 minutes)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Go-kart __knowledge__ A go-kart, also written as go-cart (often referred to as simply a kart), is a type of open-wheel car.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Go-karts come in all shapes and forms, from motorless models to high-powered racing machines.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Some, such as Superkarts, are able to beat racing cars or motorcycles on long circuits.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Gravity racers, usually referred to as Soap Box Derby carts, are the simplest type of go-karts.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ They are propelled by gravity, with some races taking place down a single hill.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Recreational karts can be powered by four-stroke engines or electric motors, while racing karts use a two-stroke or, rarely, higher powered four-stroke engines.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Most of them are single seater but some recreational models can accommodate a passenger.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ In some countries, go-karts can be licensed for use on public roads.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Typically there are some restrictions, e.g.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ in the European Union a go-kart on the road needs head light (high/low beam), tail lights, a horn and indicators, and their power must not exceed .", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Besides traditional kart racing, many commercial enterprises offer karts for rent, often called \"recreational\" or \"concession\" karts.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ The tracks can be indoor or outdoor.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Karts are rented by sessions (usually from 10 to 30 minutes).", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Kart racing __knowledge__ Kart racing or karting is a variant of open-wheel motorsport with small, open, four-wheeled vehicles called \"karts\", \"go-karts\", or \"gearbox/shifter karts\" depending on the design.", "Kart racing __knowledge__ They are usually raced on scaled-down circuits.", "Kart racing __knowledge__ Karting is commonly perceived as the stepping stone to the higher ranks of motorsports, for example Ginetta Juniors, FIA Formula 4, FIA Formula 3, FIA Formula 2 and FIA Formula 1.", "Kart racing __knowledge__ Karting is where people like Nico Rosberg, Ayrton Senna, Lewis Hamilton and Michael Schumacher started.", "Kart racing __knowledge__ Karts vary widely in speed and some (known as Superkarts) can reach speeds exceeding , while recreational go-karts intended for the general public may be limited to lower speeds.", "Mt. Olympus Water & Theme Park __knowledge__ Mt.", "Mt. Olympus Water & Theme Park __knowledge__ Olympus Water and Theme Park is a theme park and water park complex in Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin.", "Mt. Olympus Water & Theme Park __knowledge__ Mt.", "Mt. Olympus Water & Theme Park __knowledge__ Olympus consists of four areas of the park: Zeus' Playground (outdoor theme park), Neptune's Water Kingdom (outdoor waterpark), The Parthenon (indoor theme park), and Medusa's indoor water park.", "Mt. Olympus Water & Theme Park __knowledge__ In 2010 and 2011, the park purchased several smaller nearby independent motels and hotels and renamed them, painting them blue and white to fit the Greek theme for the main hotel.", "Mt. Olympus Water & Theme Park __knowledge__ Many other area hotels and motels offer free or reduced-priced tickets.", "Mt. Olympus Water & Theme Park __knowledge__ Mt.", "Mt. Olympus Water & Theme Park __knowledge__ Olympus was started by the Laskaris family.", "Mario Kart Wii __knowledge__ Like its previous installments of games, \"Mario Kart Wii\" incorporates playable characters from the \"Mario\" series, who participate in kart races on various race tracks using specialized items to hinder opponents or gain advantages.", "Mario Kart Wii __knowledge__ The game features multiple single-player and multiplayer game modes.", "Mario Kart Wii __knowledge__ Online multiplayer via Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection was available at launch, but was discontinued in May 2014, along with Wii and Nintendo DS games that supported online play.", "Mario Kart Wii __knowledge__ \"Mario Kart Wii\" takes advantage of the Wii Remotes motion sensing to provide intuitive and conventional steering controls; each copy of the game is bundled with the Wii Wheel accessory to augment this feature.", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ American open-wheel car racing, also known as Indy Car racing, is a category of professional-level automobile racing in the United States and North America.", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ As of 2017, the top-level American open-wheel racing championship is sanctioned by IndyCar.", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ Competitive events for professional-level, single-seat open-wheel race cars have been conducted under the auspices of several different sanctioning bodies since 1902.", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ A season-long, points-based, National Championship of drivers has been officially recognized in 1905, 1916, and since 1920.", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ The Indianapolis 500, which itself debuted in 1911, is the marquee event of Indy Car racing.", "Super Mario Kart __knowledge__ Super Mario Kart is a 1992 kart racing video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System video game console.", "Super Mario Kart __knowledge__ The first game of the \"Mario Kart\" series, it was released in Japan and North America in 1992, and in Europe the following year.", "Super Mario Kart __knowledge__ Selling nine million copies worldwide, the game went on to become the third best selling SNES game of all time.", "Super Mario Kart __knowledge__ \"Super Mario Kart\" was re-released on the Wii's Virtual Console in 2009, and on the Wii U's Virtual Console in 2013.", "Super Mario Kart __knowledge__ Nintendo re-released \"Super Mario Kart\" in the United States in September 2017 as part of the company's Super NES Classic Edition.", "Weston (band) __knowledge__ Weston is a punk rock band hailing from Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.", "Weston (band) __knowledge__ Founded in 1990, they took their name from singer Dave Weston's family, since his parents allowed them to practice in their basement.", "Weston (band) __knowledge__ The band never found mainstream success but their energetic and irreverent live shows earned them legendary status amongst their peers as well as their fans.", "Weston (band) __knowledge__ Following their major label debut, the band split up.", "Weston (band) __knowledge__ It was announced on October 17, 2006, that Weston would be reuniting for three shows in late December.", "Weston (band) __knowledge__ This led to even more reunion shows in following years and a live album released December 2009.", "Mario Andretti __knowledge__ Mario Gabriele Andretti (born February 28, 1940) is an Italian-born American former racing driver, one of the most successful Americans in the history of the sport.", "Mario Andretti __knowledge__ He is one of only two drivers to have won races in Formula One, IndyCar, World Sportscar Championship and NASCAR (the other being Dan Gurney).", "Mario Andretti __knowledge__ He also won races in midget cars, and sprint cars.", "Mario Andretti __knowledge__ During his career, Andretti won the 1978 Formula One World Championship, four IndyCar titles (three under USAC-sanctioning, one under CART), and IROC VI.", "Mario Andretti __knowledge__ To date, he remains the only driver ever to win the Indianapolis 500 (1969), Daytona 500 (1967) and the Formula One World Championship, and, along with Juan Pablo Montoya, the only driver to have won a race in the NASCAR Cup Series, Formula One, and an Indianapolis 500." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Go-kart __knowledge__ A go-kart, also written as go-cart (often referred to as simply a kart), is a type of open-wheel car.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Go-karts come in all shapes and forms, from motorless models to high-powered racing machines.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Some, such as Superkarts, are able to beat racing cars or motorcycles on long circuits.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Gravity racers, usually referred to as Soap Box Derby carts, are the simplest type of go-karts.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ They are propelled by gravity, with some races taking place down a single hill.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Recreational karts can be powered by four-stroke engines or electric motors, while racing karts use a two-stroke or, rarely, higher powered four-stroke engines.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Most of them are single seater but some recreational models can accommodate a passenger.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ In some countries, go-karts can be licensed for use on public roads.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Typically there are some restrictions, e.g.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ in the European Union a go-kart on the road needs head light (high/low beam), tail lights, a horn and indicators, and their power must not exceed .", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Besides traditional kart racing, many commercial enterprises offer karts for rent, often called \"recreational\" or \"concession\" karts.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ The tracks can be indoor or outdoor.", "Go-kart __knowledge__ Karts are rented by sessions (usually from 10 to 30 minutes).", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ \"Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You)\" is a song written by Bill Anderson and released as a single by American country artist Connie Smith.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ It was the second single spawned from her 1966 album \"Miss Smith Goes to Nashville\" and was produced by Bob Ferguson.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ The single was released in January 1966 by RCA Victor and peaked within the Top 5 on the \"Billboard Magazine\" country music singles chart, becoming her fifth Top 10 hit in a row.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ \"Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You)\" was the fourth single Smith recorded by Bill Anderson.", "Nobody But a Fool (Would Love You) __knowledge__ The song was recorded October 14, 1965 along with the songs, \"Same as Mine\", \"I'll Never Get Over Loving You\", and \"Holdin' On\".", "Zombieland __knowledge__ Zombieland is a 2009 American post-apocalyptic comedy horror film directed by Ruben Fleischer and written by Rhett Reese and Paul Wernick.", "Zombieland __knowledge__ The film stars Woody Harrelson, Jesse Eisenberg, Emma Stone, and Abigail Breslin as survivors of a zombie apocalypse.", "Zombieland __knowledge__ The film follows a geeky college kid making his way through the zombie apocalypse, meeting three strangers along the way and together taking an extended road trip across the Southwestern United States in an attempt to find a sanctuary free from zombies.", "Zombieland __knowledge__ The film premiered at Fantastic Fest on September 25, 2009 and was theatrically released on October 2, 2009 in the United States by Columbia Pictures.", "Antarctica: Empire of the Penguin __knowledge__ Antarctica: Empire of the Penguin is a theme area at SeaWorld Orlando featuring a motion-based, trackless dark ride and a penguinarium.", "Antarctica: Empire of the Penguin __knowledge__ The attraction opened on May 24, 2013 as the largest attraction at any SeaWorld Entertainment theme park.", "Antarctica: Empire of the Penguin __knowledge__ The area was generally well received by critics and the public at its opening.", "Antarctica: Empire of the Penguin __knowledge__ In August and September 2011, SeaWorld Entertainment filed trademarks for \"Antarctica\" to be used for a theme area, and \"Empire of the Penguins\" to be used for an amusement ride.", "Antarctica: Empire of the Penguin __knowledge__ This led to rumors that SeaWorld Orlando would replace its \"Penguin Encounter\" exhibit with a dark ride.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The Hobbit is a film series consisting of three high fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ They are based on the 1937 novel \"The Hobbit\" by J. R. R. Tolkien, with large portions of the trilogy inspired by the appendices to \"The Return of the King\", which expand on the story told in \"The Hobbit\", as well as new material and characters written especially for the films.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ Together they act as a prequel to Jackson's \"The Lord of the Rings\" film trilogy.", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The films are subtitled \"\" (2012), \"\" (2013), and \"\" (2014).", "The Hobbit (film series) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Fran Walsh, Philippa Boyens, Jackson, and Guillermo del Toro, who was originally chosen to direct before his departure from the project.", "Elle Bishop __knowledge__ Elle Bishop is a fictional character who appeared on the American psychological thriller science fiction series \"Heroes\", which aired on NBC from 2006 to 2010.", "Elle Bishop __knowledge__ The character was created by series creator Tim Kring and portrayed by actress Kristen Bell.", "Elle Bishop __knowledge__ Elle was created by Kring to act as a contrast to the rest of the characters, who had all recently found out they had abilities, whereas Elle had known her whole life.", "Elle Bishop __knowledge__ Bell, who had previously starred in the then recently cancelled series \"Veronica Mars\", was a fan of the series and had met up with the writers that informed her they would love to have her on the show.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ Carole is a bright African American girl with a natural riding ability.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ She became devastated when her mother died of cancer, and when Cobalt died, she almost gave up riding.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ But her father, U.S. Marine Colonel Mitch Hanson, reminded Carole that her mother would have wanted her to follow her passion.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ With money left by her mother, she bought a buckskin gelding, Starlight.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ Carole knows her future lies with horses, but there are many paths to follow and she does not know which road to take.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ Her grades are high enough for her to become a veterinarian but she would also love to breed and train Thoroughbreds.", "Night Wolves __knowledge__ The Night Wolves () are a Russian motorcycle club.", "Night Wolves __knowledge__ The club began forming out of a mixture of rock music fans and motorcycle enthusiasts who held then-illegal rock concerts in Moscow (see Censorship in the Soviet Union) as far back as 1983.", "Night Wolves __knowledge__ By 1989 the club was consolidated as an informal motorcycle group bearing the name \"Night Wolves\", during the Perestroika era of the Soviet Union.", "Night Wolves __knowledge__ It became the first official bike club in the USSR.", "Night Wolves __knowledge__ As of the beginning of 2018, the Night Wolves now have chapters in Russia, Ukraine, Latvia, Germany, Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Australia, Slovakia, Belarus, Philippines, Republika Srpska and Macedonia.", "Dirt track racing __knowledge__ Dirt track racing is a type of auto racing performed on clay or dirt surfaced oval tracks.", "Dirt track racing __knowledge__ It started in the United States before World War I and became widespread during the 1920s and 1930s.", "Dirt track racing __knowledge__ Two different types of race cars dominated—open wheel racers in the Northeast and West and stock cars in the South.", "Dirt track racing __knowledge__ While open wheel race cars are purpose-built racing vehicles, stock cars (also known as fendered cars) can be either purpose-built race cars or street vehicles that have been modified to varying degrees.", "Dirt track racing __knowledge__ Dirt track racing is the single most common form of auto racing in the United States.", "Dirt track racing __knowledge__ There are hundreds of local and regional racetracks throughout the nation; some estimates range as high as 1500.", "Champ Car __knowledge__ Champ Car is the general name for a class and specification of American professional top-level open wheel cars used in American Championship car racing for many decades, associated primarily with the Indianapolis 500.", "Champ Car __knowledge__ Such racing had been sanctioned by the AAA, USAC, SCCA, the CRL, CART, and IndyCar.", "Champ Car __knowledge__ In its most popular and recent contemporary usage, \"Champ Car\" was the name given to a governing body formerly known as Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART).", "Champ Car __knowledge__ The CART series was founded in 1979 by team owners who disagreed with the direction and leadership of USAC.", "Champ Car __knowledge__ At the height of the popularity of the series in the late 1980s and early 1990s, it was known as the CART/PPG Indy Car World Series.", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ American open-wheel car racing, also known as Indy Car racing, is a category of professional-level automobile racing in the United States and North America.", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ As of 2017, the top-level American open-wheel racing championship is sanctioned by IndyCar.", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ Competitive events for professional-level, single-seat open-wheel race cars have been conducted under the auspices of several different sanctioning bodies since 1902.", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ A season-long, points-based, National Championship of drivers has been officially recognized in 1905, 1916, and since 1920.", "American open-wheel car racing __knowledge__ The Indianapolis 500, which itself debuted in 1911, is the marquee event of Indy Car racing.", "Mario Andretti __knowledge__ Mario Gabriele Andretti (born February 28, 1940) is an Italian-born American former racing driver, one of the most successful Americans in the history of the sport.", "Mario Andretti __knowledge__ He is one of only two drivers to have won races in Formula One, IndyCar, World Sportscar Championship and NASCAR (the other being Dan Gurney).", "Mario Andretti __knowledge__ He also won races in midget cars, and sprint cars.", "Mario Andretti __knowledge__ During his career, Andretti won the 1978 Formula One World Championship, four IndyCar titles (three under USAC-sanctioning, one under CART), and IROC VI.", "Mario Andretti __knowledge__ To date, he remains the only driver ever to win the Indianapolis 500 (1969), Daytona 500 (1967) and the Formula One World Championship, and, along with Juan Pablo Montoya, the only driver to have won a race in the NASCAR Cup Series, Formula One, and an Indianapolis 500.", "Trenton Estep __knowledge__ Trenton Estep (born November 24, 1999 in San Antonio, Texas) is an American racing driver.", "Trenton Estep __knowledge__ Estep grew up racing karts from the age of 4 years old in New Braunfels Texas.", "Trenton Estep __knowledge__ He competed in various karting competitions such as SKUSA Pro Tour, Florida Winter Tour, US Open and Rotax Grand Finals in Portugal.", "Trenton Estep __knowledge__ In 2016 he made the transition from karts to open wheel cars.", "Trenton Estep __knowledge__ He entered the Formula Tour F1600, Canadian F1600 Super Series and F1600 Championship Series winning two Championships.", "Trenton Estep __knowledge__ He also ran in the opening round of the Redbull Global Rallycross Championship in Phoenix Arizona.", "Trenton Estep __knowledge__ In 2017 Estep makes his transition from open wheel to cars in the North American Porsche GT3 Cup Series, with JDX Racing.", "Team Penske __knowledge__ Team Penske (formerly Penske Racing) is an American professional stock car, open wheel and sports car racing team that currently competes in the IndyCar Series, the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the NASCAR Xfinity Series and IMSA WeatherTech SportsCar Championship.", "Team Penske __knowledge__ Debuting at the 1966 24 Hours of Daytona, the team has also competed in various other types of professional racing such as Can Am, Trans Am and Formula One.", "Team Penske __knowledge__ Team Penske is a division of Penske Corporation, and is owned and chaired by Roger Penske.", "Team Penske __knowledge__ The team president is Tim Cindric.", "Team Penske __knowledge__ Penske has been involved with IndyCar racing since 1968, when they first fielded a stock block-powered Eagle with Mark Donohue.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor racing, or automobile racing) is a motorsport involving the racing of automobiles for competition.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ Almost as soon as automobiles had been invented, races of various sorts were organised, with the first recorded as early as 1867.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ Many of the earliest events were effectively reliability trials, aimed at proving these new machines were a practical mode of transport, but soon became an important way for competing makers to demonstrate their machines.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ By the 1930s specialist racing cars had developed.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ There are now numerous different categories, each with different rules and regulations." ] ]

[ 1, 73, 8 ]

[ "I just took my 4 year old on a go kart for the first time he loved this open-wheel car", "I am not exactly sure, but they have been racing open wheel cars at least 1902, so for quite some time!", "Some countries allow go carts to be used on public roads, it would be fun to drive them around town!" ]

[ "Go-kart", "Go-kart", "Go-kart" ]

[ "Online game\nI enjoy playing online games.", "Yes! My favorite online game is World Of Warcraft", "That seems like so long ago, didn't realize it had been around that long.", "Blizzard is known for coming out with great games!", "I didn't know that! Thanks for the info!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Online game __knowledge__ An online game is a video game that is either partially or primarily played through the Internet or any other computer network available .", "Online game __knowledge__ Online games are ubiquitous on modern gaming platforms, including PCs, consoles and mobile devices, and span many genres, including first-person shooters, strategy games and massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG).", "Online game __knowledge__ The design of online games can range from simple text-based environments to the incorporation of complex graphics and virtual worlds.", "Online game __knowledge__ The existence of online components within a game can range from being minor features, such as an online leaderboard, to being part of core gameplay, such as directly playing against other players.", "Online game __knowledge__ Many online games create their own online communities, while other games, especially social games, integrate the players' existing real-life communities.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online game culture sometimes faces criticisms for an environment that might promote cyberbullying, violence, and xenophobia.", "Online game __knowledge__ Some gamers are also concerned about gaming addiction or social stigma.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online games have attracted players from a variety of ages, nationalities, and occupations.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online game content can also be studied in scientific field, especially gamers' interactions within virtual societies in relation to the behavior and social phenomena of everyday life.", "Online gaming in China __knowledge__ Online gaming in China represents one of the largest and fastest growing Internet business sectors in the world.", "Online gaming in China __knowledge__ With 457 million Internet users currently active in the PRC, the country now has the largest online user base in world, of which two-thirds engage in online game play.", "Online gaming in China __knowledge__ The average online gamer in China is relatively young (18 to 30 years old), male, and has at least completed a secondary level of education.", "Online gaming in China __knowledge__ Demographically the online gaming user base in China is very similar to base of China Internet users, most of whom live in larger cities.", "Online gaming in China __knowledge__ Online games in China fall into two primary categories: MMORPGs and MOCGs, the former have a predilection for persistent online worlds where hundreds to thousands of game players can interact simultaneously; the latter is a generic term for games played competitively online without the existence of a persistent online realm (games as simple as online Ma Jiang and online competitive card games would fall under this category).", "Video game addiction __knowledge__ Video game addiction (VGA) is a hypothetical behavioral addiction characterized by excessive or compulsive use of computer games or video games, which interferes with a person's everyday life.", "Video game addiction __knowledge__ Video game addiction may present itself as compulsive gaming, social isolation, mood swings, diminished imagination, and hyper-focus on in-game achievements, to the exclusion of other events in life.", "Video game addiction __knowledge__ In May 2013, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) proposed criteria for video game addiction in the 5th edition of the \"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders\", concluding that there was insufficient evidence to include it as an official mental disorder.", "Massively multiplayer online game __knowledge__ A massively multiplayer online game (MMOG, or more commonly, MMO) is an online game which is capable of supporting large numbers of players, typically from hundreds to thousands, on the same server.", "Massively multiplayer online game __knowledge__ MMOs usually feature a huge, persistent open world, although some games differ.", "Massively multiplayer online game __knowledge__ These games can be found for most network-capable platforms, including the personal computer, video game console, or smartphones and other mobile devices.", "Massively multiplayer online game __knowledge__ MMOs can enable players to cooperate and compete with each other on a large scale, and sometimes to interact meaningfully with people around the world.", "Massively multiplayer online game __knowledge__ They include a variety of gameplay types, representing many video game genres.", "Itthipat Peeradechapan __knowledge__ Itthipat Peeradechapan (, , surname changed from Kulapongvanich () in 2012), nicknamed Tob (), is a Thai entrepreneur.", "Itthipat Peeradechapan __knowledge__ He is most well known for his product Tao Kae Noi, a fried seaweed snack, which is sold around the Asia-Pacific area.", "Itthipat Peeradechapan __knowledge__ He and his family own 73% of the company and Forbes estimated his wealth at $390 million in 2016.", "Itthipat Peeradechapan __knowledge__ As a young man, Itthipat gained success at playing online games and winning tournament prizes.", "Itthipat Peeradechapan __knowledge__ He invested his money into selling fried chestnuts, which became popular in Thailand.", "Itthipat Peeradechapan __knowledge__ With this financial backing, he went on to create the product of packaged deep fried flavored seaweed, which quickly became successful in Thailand, and was exported to Indonesia, Japan, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, and the United States.", "Video game culture __knowledge__ Video game culture is a worldwide new media subculture formed by video games.", "Video game culture __knowledge__ As computer and video games have exponentially increased in popularity over time, they have had a significant influence on popular culture.", "Video game culture __knowledge__ Video game culture has also evolved over time hand in hand with internet culture as well as the increasing popularity of mobile games.", "Video game culture __knowledge__ Many people who play video games identify as gamers, which can mean anything from someone who enjoys games to someone who is passionate about it.", "Video game culture __knowledge__ As video games become more social with multiplayer and online capability, gamers find themselves in growing social networks.", "Gold farming __knowledge__ In the 1990s and 2000s, gold farming was the practice of playing a massively multiplayer online game (MMO) to acquire in-game currency later selling it for real-world money.", "Gold farming __knowledge__ People in several developing nations have held full-time employment as gold farmers.", "Gold farming __knowledge__ Distinct from another popular method of cheating in online multiplayer games, gold farming specifically refers to paying for in-game currency not rank or experience points as in power leveling.", "Gold farming __knowledge__ The actual labor mechanics of these two practices may be identical or similar, and the \"professional\" gamers who held employment as gold farmers in the past may continue to work as power levelers to this day." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Online game __knowledge__ An online game is a video game that is either partially or primarily played through the Internet or any other computer network available .", "Online game __knowledge__ Online games are ubiquitous on modern gaming platforms, including PCs, consoles and mobile devices, and span many genres, including first-person shooters, strategy games and massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG).", "Online game __knowledge__ The design of online games can range from simple text-based environments to the incorporation of complex graphics and virtual worlds.", "Online game __knowledge__ The existence of online components within a game can range from being minor features, such as an online leaderboard, to being part of core gameplay, such as directly playing against other players.", "Online game __knowledge__ Many online games create their own online communities, while other games, especially social games, integrate the players' existing real-life communities.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online game culture sometimes faces criticisms for an environment that might promote cyberbullying, violence, and xenophobia.", "Online game __knowledge__ Some gamers are also concerned about gaming addiction or social stigma.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online games have attracted players from a variety of ages, nationalities, and occupations.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online game content can also be studied in scientific field, especially gamers' interactions within virtual societies in relation to the behavior and social phenomena of everyday life.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ World of Warcraft (WoW) is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) released in 2004 by Blizzard Entertainment.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ It is the fourth released game set in the \"Warcraft\" fantasy universe.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ \"World of Warcraft\" takes place within the \"Warcraft\" world of Azeroth, approximately four years after the events at the conclusion of Blizzard's previous \"Warcraft\" release, \".\"", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment announced \"World of Warcraft\" on September 2, 2001.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ The game was released on November 23, 2004, on the 10th anniversary of the \"Warcraft\" franchise.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ The first expansion of the game, , was released on January 16, 2007.", "Online gaming in China __knowledge__ Online gaming in China represents one of the largest and fastest growing Internet business sectors in the world.", "Online gaming in China __knowledge__ With 457 million Internet users currently active in the PRC, the country now has the largest online user base in world, of which two-thirds engage in online game play.", "Online gaming in China __knowledge__ The average online gamer in China is relatively young (18 to 30 years old), male, and has at least completed a secondary level of education.", "Online gaming in China __knowledge__ Demographically the online gaming user base in China is very similar to base of China Internet users, most of whom live in larger cities.", "Online gaming in China __knowledge__ Online games in China fall into two primary categories: MMORPGs and MOCGs, the former have a predilection for persistent online worlds where hundreds to thousands of game players can interact simultaneously; the latter is a generic term for games played competitively online without the existence of a persistent online realm (games as simple as online Ma Jiang and online competitive card games would fall under this category).", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ The fantasy setting of the \"Warcraft\" series includes many fictional races and factions.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ Most of the primary protagonists of the series belong to either the Horde or the Alliance.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ However, there are a variety of neutral races and factions, who are either friendly or hostile to both the Horde and the Alliance.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ All player characters belong to either the Horde or the Alliance, with a character's faction decided by its race.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ One exception is the pandaren, who can choose to become members of either faction.", "Races and factions of Warcraft __knowledge__ By the time of \"\" the Horde and the Alliance both fight against the Burning Legion and the undead Scourge, who are the primary villains of \"Warcraft III\" and \"World of Warcraft\".", "Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos __knowledge__ Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos is a high fantasy real-time strategy video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment, and was released in July 2002.", "Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos __knowledge__ It is the second sequel to \"\", and it is the third game set in the \"Warcraft\" fictional universe.", "Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos __knowledge__ An expansion pack, \"\", was released in July 2003.", "Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos __knowledge__ \"Warcraft III\" contains four playable races: Humans and Orcs, both of which had previously appeared in \"Warcraft: Orcs & Humans\" and \"\", and two new races, the Night Elves and the Undead.", "Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos __knowledge__ \"Warcraft III\"s single-player campaign is laid out similarly to that of \"StarCraft\", also by Blizzard Entertainment, being told through all four of the game's races in a progressive manner.", "Massively multiplayer online game __knowledge__ A massively multiplayer online game (MMOG, or more commonly, MMO) is an online game which is capable of supporting large numbers of players, typically from hundreds to thousands, on the same server.", "Massively multiplayer online game __knowledge__ MMOs usually feature a huge, persistent open world, although some games differ.", "Massively multiplayer online game __knowledge__ These games can be found for most network-capable platforms, including the personal computer, video game console, or smartphones and other mobile devices.", "Massively multiplayer online game __knowledge__ MMOs can enable players to cooperate and compete with each other on a large scale, and sometimes to interact meaningfully with people around the world.", "Massively multiplayer online game __knowledge__ They include a variety of gameplay types, representing many video game genres.", "Battle.net __knowledge__ Blizzard Battle.net is an Internet-based online gaming, social networking, digital distribution, and digital rights management platform developed by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Battle.net __knowledge__ Battle.net was launched on November 30, 1996, with the release of Blizzard's action-role-playing video game \"Diablo\".", "Battle.net __knowledge__ Battle.net was the first online gaming service incorporated directly into the games that make use of it, in contrast to the external interfaces used by the other online services at the time.", "Battle.net __knowledge__ This feature, along with ease of account creations and the absence of member fees, caused Battle.net to become popular among gamers and became a major selling point for \"Diablo\" and subsequent Blizzard games.", "Warcraft __knowledge__ Warcraft is a franchise of video games, novels, and other media created by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Warcraft __knowledge__ The series is made up of five core games: \"\", \"\", \"\", \"World of Warcraft\", and \"Hearthstone\".", "Warcraft __knowledge__ The first three of these core games are in the real-time strategy genre, where opposing players command virtual armies in battle against each other or a computer-controlled enemy.", "Warcraft __knowledge__ The fourth and best-selling title of the franchise is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG), where players control their character and interact with each other in a virtual world.", "Warcraft __knowledge__ The most recent title is \"Hearthstone\", a digital collectible card game.", "Virtual world __knowledge__ A virtual world is a computer-based simulated environment which may be populated by many users who can create a personal avatar, and simultaneously and independently explore the virtual world, participate in its activities and communicate with others.", "Virtual world __knowledge__ These avatars can be textual, two or three-dimensional graphical representations, or live video avatars with auditory and touch sensations.", "Virtual world __knowledge__ In general, virtual worlds allow for multiple users but single player computer games, such as Skyrim, can also be considered a type of virtual world.", "Virtual world __knowledge__ The user accesses a computer-simulated world which presents perceptual stimuli to the user, who in turn can manipulate elements of the modeled world and thus experience a degree of presence.", "Virtual world language learning __knowledge__ Virtual worlds are playing an increasingly important role in education, especially in language learning.", "Virtual world language learning __knowledge__ By March 2007 it was estimated that over 200 universities or academic institutions were involved in Second Life (Cooke-Plagwitz, p. 548).", "Virtual world language learning __knowledge__ Joe Miller, Linden Lab Vice President of Platform and Technology Development, claimed in 2009 that \"Language learning is the most common education-based activity in Second Life\".", "Virtual world language learning __knowledge__ Many mainstream language institutes and private language schools are now using 3D virtual environments to support language learning.", "Virtual world language learning __knowledge__ Virtual worlds date back to the adventure games and simulations of the 1970s, for example Colossal Cave Adventure, a text-only simulation in which the user communicated with the computer by typing commands at the keyboard.", "Avatar (computing) __knowledge__ In computing, an avatar is the graphical representation of the user or the user's alter ego or character.", "Avatar (computing) __knowledge__ An icon or figure representing a particular person in a video game, Internet forum, etc.", "Avatar (computing) __knowledge__ It may take either a three-dimensional form, as in games or virtual worlds, or a two-dimensional form as an icon in Internet forums and other online communities.", "Avatar (computing) __knowledge__ Avatar images have also been referred to as \"picons\" (personal icons) in the past, though the usage of this term is uncommon now.", "Avatar (computing) __knowledge__ It can also refer to a text construct found on early systems such as MUDs.", "Avatar (computing) __knowledge__ The term \"avatar\" can also refer to the personality connected with the screen name, or handle, of an Internet user.", "Computer-assisted language learning __knowledge__ Computer-assisted language learning (CALL) is succinctly defined in a seminal work by Levy (1997: p. 1) as \"the search for and study of applications of the computer in language teaching and learning\".", "Computer-assisted language learning __knowledge__ CALL embraces a wide range of information and communications technology applications and approaches to teaching and learning foreign languages, from the \"traditional\" drill-and-practice programs that characterised CALL in the 1960s and 1970s to more recent manifestations of CALL, e.g.", "Computer-assisted language learning __knowledge__ as used in a virtual learning environment and Web-based distance learning.", "Computer-assisted language learning __knowledge__ It also extends to the use of corpora and concordancers, interactive whiteboards, Computer-mediated communication (CMC), language learning in virtual worlds, and mobile-assisted language learning (MALL).", "Virtual economy __knowledge__ A virtual economy (or sometimes synthetic economy) is an emergent economy existing in a virtual world, usually exchanging virtual goods in the context of an Internet game.", "Virtual economy __knowledge__ People enter these virtual economies for recreation and entertainment rather than necessity, which means that virtual economies lack the aspects of a real economy that are not considered to be \"fun\" (for instance, avatars in a virtual economy often do not need to buy food in order to survive, and usually do not have any biological needs at all).", "Virtual economy __knowledge__ However, some people do interact with virtual economies for \"real\" economic benefit." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Online game __knowledge__ An online game is a video game that is either partially or primarily played through the Internet or any other computer network available .", "Online game __knowledge__ Online games are ubiquitous on modern gaming platforms, including PCs, consoles and mobile devices, and span many genres, including first-person shooters, strategy games and massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG).", "Online game __knowledge__ The design of online games can range from simple text-based environments to the incorporation of complex graphics and virtual worlds.", "Online game __knowledge__ The existence of online components within a game can range from being minor features, such as an online leaderboard, to being part of core gameplay, such as directly playing against other players.", "Online game __knowledge__ Many online games create their own online communities, while other games, especially social games, integrate the players' existing real-life communities.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online game culture sometimes faces criticisms for an environment that might promote cyberbullying, violence, and xenophobia.", "Online game __knowledge__ Some gamers are also concerned about gaming addiction or social stigma.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online games have attracted players from a variety of ages, nationalities, and occupations.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online game content can also be studied in scientific field, especially gamers' interactions within virtual societies in relation to the behavior and social phenomena of everyday life.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ \"Power Rangers Mystic Force\" is the 2006 season of Power Rangers which tells the story of the fight between the Mystic Rangers and the evil Forces of Darkness who are trying to rule over the worlds of mortals and magic.", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ The powers of the Mystic Rangers are derived from beings known as the Ancient Titans, creatures with great elemental powers, symbolized by mythological creatures from various Earth mythologies on the Ranger's visors (the creatures being the phoenix, the sprite, the garuda, the minotaur and the mermaid).", "List of Power Rangers Mystic Force characters __knowledge__ To date, they are the only team of Rangers to not have some kind of team-up special with another Ranger team in their own season.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Chronicles of the Cursed Sword characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the manwha series \"Chronicles of the Cursed Sword\".", "List of Chronicles of the Cursed Sword characters __knowledge__ Rey Yan is the main character of the series.", "List of Chronicles of the Cursed Sword characters __knowledge__ His past is mysterious and full of heartache.", "List of Chronicles of the Cursed Sword characters __knowledge__ He wields the Pasa sword which has a similarly mysterious a past.", "List of Chronicles of the Cursed Sword characters __knowledge__ His true sister disappeared long ago and now he travels with Shyao, a girl he pictures both as his older sister and his one true love, though he's never going to admit it.", "List of Chronicles of the Cursed Sword characters __knowledge__ Rey is hot-tempered and hard to reason with, and though his skills are extraordinary, he has a long way to go.", "List of Chronicles of the Cursed Sword characters __knowledge__ His combat skills are raw and heavily dependent on his sword.", "List of Chronicles of the Cursed Sword characters __knowledge__ Inside him is the power of Ban-Go (Pan-Gu), the progenitor god of the universe, and while it is partly unleashed during the battle with the Sorcerer King, Rey Yan does not have complete control of him.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Japanese anime series \"Bakugan Battle Brawlers\".", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ Daniel \"Dan\" Kuso (known in the Japanese version as is the main human protagonist in the series, who, is 12 years old in the first season, 15 in New Vestroia, 16 in Gundalian Invaders, and 17 in Mechtanium Surge.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ In the beginning he is ranked #121, and by episode 39, he is ranked #1, and has become ranked #4 or under in episode 6 of Mechtanium Surge.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ In \"New Vestroia\", Dan returns to New Vestroia to help Drago save the world from the invading Vestals.", "List of Bakugan Battle Brawlers characters __knowledge__ Despite having just been introduced to the new Brawling system, Dan manages to get the hang of it before he battles his way into the Resistance by tying with Ace.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Tanja von Lahnstein (née Wittkamp, formerly von Anstetten, Rai and von Lahnstein) is a fictional character from the German soap opera \"Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)\", played by actress Miriam Lahnstein.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on-screen on 21 June 1995 and left after three years in May 1998.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Lahnstein returned to the role in 2001, where she was seen from 24 April to 5 October.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ She came back another three years later and reappeared on 16 April 2004.", "Tanja von Lahnstein __knowledge__ Lahnstein left the show for a short time, while being on contract, from June 2005 to March 2006 and from March to December 2007 during the pregnancy of her two children.", "Magic: The Gathering expansion sets, 1993–1995 __knowledge__ The collectible card game published seven expansion sets from 1993–1995, and one compilation set.", "Magic: The Gathering expansion sets, 1993–1995 __knowledge__ These sets contained new cards that \"expanded\" on the with their own mechanical theme and setting; these new cards could be played on their own, or mixed in with decks created from cards in the base sets.", "Magic: The Gathering expansion sets, 1993–1995 __knowledge__ With \"Magic\"'s runaway success, many of the printings of these early sets were too small to satisfy the rapidly growing fanbase.", "Magic: The Gathering expansion sets, 1993–1995 __knowledge__ Cards from them became rare, hard to find, and expensive.", "Magic: The Gathering expansion sets, 1993–1995 __knowledge__ It was not until \"Fallen Empires\" and \"Homelands\" that Wizards of the Coast was able to print enough cards to meet demand; additionally, Wizards of the Coast published \"Chronicles\", a reprint set that helped fix many of the scarcity issues with the earliest sets.", "Star Wars Galaxies __knowledge__ Star Wars Galaxies was a \"Star Wars\" themed massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) for Microsoft Windows, developed by Sony Online Entertainment and published by LucasArts.", "Star Wars Galaxies __knowledge__ Released June 26, 2003, to much critical acclaim, it spawned three expansions through 2005.", "Star Wars Galaxies __knowledge__ The game was completely overhauled in the last expansion, which frustrated many longtime subscribers.", "Star Wars Galaxies __knowledge__ \"Star Wars Galaxies\" continued operation for six more years.", "Star Wars Galaxies __knowledge__ The servers shut down on December 15, 2011.", "Star Wars Galaxies __knowledge__ Notwithstanding the game's closure, there are several private emulator projects in various stages of development that intend to allow users to experience \"Star Wars Galaxies\" in different incarnations of the game's existence.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ World of Warcraft (WoW) is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) released in 2004 by Blizzard Entertainment.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ It is the fourth released game set in the \"Warcraft\" fantasy universe.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ \"World of Warcraft\" takes place within the \"Warcraft\" world of Azeroth, approximately four years after the events at the conclusion of Blizzard's previous \"Warcraft\" release, \".\"", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment announced \"World of Warcraft\" on September 2, 2001.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ The game was released on November 23, 2004, on the 10th anniversary of the \"Warcraft\" franchise.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ The first expansion of the game, , was released on January 16, 2007.", "Descent: Journeys in the Dark __knowledge__ Descent: Journeys in the Dark is a two to five player high fantasy dungeon crawl published by Fantasy Flight Games in 2005.", "Descent: Journeys in the Dark __knowledge__ \"Descent\" was designed and produced by Kevin Wilson.", "Descent: Journeys in the Dark __knowledge__ The game is based on an improved version of the mechanics of FFG's licensed \"\".", "Descent: Journeys in the Dark __knowledge__ In \"Descent\", players take the roles of adventurers who delve into underground complexes in search of treasure (the so-called \"dungeon crawl\").", "Descent: Journeys in the Dark __knowledge__ One player takes the role of the Overlord, who controls the enemies and plays cards to hinder the hero players.", "Descent: Journeys in the Dark __knowledge__ \"Descent\" differs from other games in the genre in that the Overlord player's goal is to win by exhausting the other players of victory points, rather than merely to facilitate play.", "EverQuest II expansions __knowledge__ Eleven full expansions for the MMORPG \"EverQuest II\" have been released, as well as three Adventure Packs.", "EverQuest II expansions __knowledge__ With \"EverQuest II\", Sony Online Entertainment introduced the concept of Adventure Packs.", "EverQuest II expansions __knowledge__ Adventure Packs are meant to be smaller \"mini-expansions\" to the game, adding a plot line with several zones, new creatures and items to the game via digital download.", "EverQuest II expansions __knowledge__ These smaller Adventure Packs come with a smaller fee ranging from US$4.99 to US$7.99.", "EverQuest II expansions __knowledge__ However, recently the development team has decided to release free zones and content instead of making adventure packs.", "EverQuest II expansions __knowledge__ Some recent releases include a new starting city, Neriak, with a new starting race, Arasai; and new high level dungeons The Throne of New Tunaria and the Estate of Unrest.", "History of the National Hockey League (1967–92) __knowledge__ The expansion era of the National Hockey League (NHL) began when six new teams were added for the 1967–68 season, ending the Original Six era.", "History of the National Hockey League (1967–92) __knowledge__ The six existing teams were grouped into the newly created East Division, and the expansion teams—the Los Angeles Kings, Minnesota North Stars, Oakland Seals, Philadelphia Flyers, Pittsburgh Penguins and St. Louis Blues—formed the West Division.", "History of the National Hockey League (1967–92) __knowledge__ The NHL added another six teams by 1974 to bring the league to 18 teams.", "History of the National Hockey League (1967–92) __knowledge__ This continued expansion was partially brought about by the creation of the World Hockey Association (WHA), which operated from 1972 until 1979 and sought to compete with the NHL for markets and players.", "Final Fantasy XIV: A Realm Reborn __knowledge__ Final Fantasy XIV: A Realm Reborn is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) developed and published by Square Enix.", "Final Fantasy XIV: A Realm Reborn __knowledge__ Directed and produced by Naoki Yoshida, it was released worldwide for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, and OS X on August 27, 2013.", "Final Fantasy XIV: A Realm Reborn __knowledge__ \"Final Fantasy XIV: A Realm Reborn\" takes place in the fictional land of Eorzea, five years after the events of the original release.", "Final Fantasy XIV: A Realm Reborn __knowledge__ At the conclusion of \"Final Fantasy XIV\", the primal dragon Bahamut escapes from its lunar prison to initiate the Seventh Umbral Calamity, an apocalyptic event which destroys much of Eorzea." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Online game __knowledge__ An online game is a video game that is either partially or primarily played through the Internet or any other computer network available .", "Online game __knowledge__ Online games are ubiquitous on modern gaming platforms, including PCs, consoles and mobile devices, and span many genres, including first-person shooters, strategy games and massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG).", "Online game __knowledge__ The design of online games can range from simple text-based environments to the incorporation of complex graphics and virtual worlds.", "Online game __knowledge__ The existence of online components within a game can range from being minor features, such as an online leaderboard, to being part of core gameplay, such as directly playing against other players.", "Online game __knowledge__ Many online games create their own online communities, while other games, especially social games, integrate the players' existing real-life communities.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online game culture sometimes faces criticisms for an environment that might promote cyberbullying, violence, and xenophobia.", "Online game __knowledge__ Some gamers are also concerned about gaming addiction or social stigma.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online games have attracted players from a variety of ages, nationalities, and occupations.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online game content can also be studied in scientific field, especially gamers' interactions within virtual societies in relation to the behavior and social phenomena of everyday life.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" is a team-based first-person shooter developed by Blizzard Entertainment and released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One in June 2016.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The game, while having several different play modes, generally features two teams of six players each, selecting pre-made heroes from the game's roster, to either attack or defend various objective points on the game's maps.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The game supports causal game modes as well as ranked competitive play.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ Since release, \"Overwatch\" has been both critically and financially successful, with a player base of 35 million players as of October 2017.", "Development of Overwatch __knowledge__ The development of \"Overwatch\" started in the fallout following Blizzard's decision to cancel continued development of the massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Titan\" around 2013.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Overwatch is a team-based multiplayer online first-person shooter video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ It was released in May 2016 for Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ \"Overwatch\" assigns players into two teams of six, with each player selecting from a roster of over 20 characters, known in-game as \"heroes\", each with a unique style of play, whose roles are divided into four general categories: Offense, Defense, Tank, and Support.", "Overwatch (video game) __knowledge__ Players on a team work together to secure and defend control points on a map or escort a payload across the map in a limited amount of time.", "Blizzard Entertainment __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment, Inc. is an American video game developer and publisher based in Irvine, California, and is a subsidiary of the American company Activision Blizzard.", "Blizzard Entertainment __knowledge__ The company was founded on February 8, 1991, under the name Silicon & Synapse by three graduates of the University of California, Los Angeles: Michael Morhaime, Frank Pearce, and Allen Adham.", "Blizzard Entertainment __knowledge__ The company originally concentrated on the creation of game ports for other studios before beginning development of their own software in 1993 with games like \"Rock n' Roll Racing\" and \"The Lost Vikings\".", "Blizzard Entertainment __knowledge__ In 1994 the company became Chaos Studios, Inc., then Blizzard Entertainment, Inc. after being acquired by distributor Davidson & Associates.", "Battle.net __knowledge__ Blizzard Battle.net is an Internet-based online gaming, social networking, digital distribution, and digital rights management platform developed by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Battle.net __knowledge__ Battle.net was launched on November 30, 1996, with the release of Blizzard's action-role-playing video game \"Diablo\".", "Battle.net __knowledge__ Battle.net was the first online gaming service incorporated directly into the games that make use of it, in contrast to the external interfaces used by the other online services at the time.", "Battle.net __knowledge__ This feature, along with ease of account creations and the absence of member fees, caused Battle.net to become popular among gamers and became a major selling point for \"Diablo\" and subsequent Blizzard games.", "StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty __knowledge__ StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty is a military science fiction real-time strategy video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in July 2010 for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X.", "StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty __knowledge__ A sequel to the 1998 video game \"StarCraft\" and its expansion set \"\", the game is split into three installments: the base game with the subtitle \"Wings of Liberty\", an expansion pack \"\", and a stand-alone expansion pack \"\".", "StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty __knowledge__ The game revolves around three species: the Terrans, human exiles from Earth; the Zerg, a super-species of assimilated life forms; and the Protoss, a technologically advanced species with vast mental powers.", "Diablo III __knowledge__ Diablo III is a dungeon crawler action role-playing video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Diablo III __knowledge__ It is the third installment in the \"Diablo\" franchise and was released in the Americas, Europe, South Korea, and Taiwan on May 15, 2012, and Russia on June 7, 2012, for Microsoft Windows and macOS.", "Diablo III __knowledge__ A console version was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 on September 3, 2013.", "Diablo III __knowledge__ Versions for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One were released on August 19, 2014.", "Diablo III __knowledge__ In the game, players choose one of seven character classes – Barbarian, Crusader, Demon Hunter, Monk, Necromancer, Witch Doctor or Wizard (with the Crusader being unavailable unless the player has purchased the expansion pack, \"\" and the Necromancer added later as separate online purchase) – and are tasked with defeating the Lord of Terror, Diablo.", "Hearthstone (video game) __knowledge__ Hearthstone, originally known as Hearthstone: Heroes of Warcraft, is a free-to-play online collectible card video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment.", "Hearthstone (video game) __knowledge__ Having been released worldwide on March 11, 2014, \"Hearthstone\" builds upon the already existing lore of the \"Warcraft\" series by using the same elements, characters, and relics.", "Hearthstone (video game) __knowledge__ It was first released for Microsoft Windows and macOS, with support for iOS and Android devices being added later.", "Hearthstone (video game) __knowledge__ The game features cross-platform play, allowing players on any device to compete with each other, restricted only by geographical region account limits.", "StarCraft __knowledge__ StarCraft is a military science fiction media franchise, created by Chris Metzen and James Phinney and owned by Blizzard Entertainment.", "StarCraft __knowledge__ The series, set in the beginning of the 26th century, centers on a galactic struggle for dominance among four species—the adaptable and mobile Terrans, the ever-evolving insectoid Zerg, the powerfully enigmatic Protoss, and the \"god-like\" Xel'Naga creator race—in a distant part of the Milky Way galaxy known as the Koprulu Sector.", "StarCraft __knowledge__ The series debuted with the video game \"StarCraft\" in 1998.", "StarCraft __knowledge__ Since then it has grown to include a number of other games as well as eight novelizations, two \"Amazing Stories\" articles, a , and other licensed merchandise such as collectible statues and toys.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ StarCraft is a military science fiction real-time strategy video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment and released for Microsoft Windows on March 31, 1998.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ The game later spawned a franchise, and is the first game of the \"StarCraft\" series.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ A Classic Mac OS version was released in 1999, and a Nintendo 64 adaptation co-developed with Mass Media was released on June 13, 2000.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ Work on the game started shortly after \"\" release in 1995.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ \"StarCraft\" debuted at the 1996 E3, where it was unfavorably compared to \"Warcraft II\".", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ As a result, the project was entirely overhauled and then showcased to public in early 1997, receiving a far more positive response.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ World of Warcraft (WoW) is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) released in 2004 by Blizzard Entertainment.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ It is the fourth released game set in the \"Warcraft\" fantasy universe.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ \"World of Warcraft\" takes place within the \"Warcraft\" world of Azeroth, approximately four years after the events at the conclusion of Blizzard's previous \"Warcraft\" release, \".\"", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment announced \"World of Warcraft\" on September 2, 2001.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ The game was released on November 23, 2004, on the 10th anniversary of the \"Warcraft\" franchise.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ The first expansion of the game, , was released on January 16, 2007.", "Chris Metzen __knowledge__ Christopher Vincent \"Chris\" Metzen (born November 22, 1973) is an American game designer, artist, voice actor, and author known for his work creating the fictional universes and scripts for Blizzard Entertainment's three major award-winning media franchises: \"Warcraft\", \"Diablo\" and \"StarCraft\".", "Chris Metzen __knowledge__ On occasion, Metzen has published his art under the alias \"Thundergod.\"", "Chris Metzen __knowledge__ Metzen was hired by Blizzard Entertainment as an animator and an artist; his first work for the company was with the video game \"Justice League Task Force\".", "Chris Metzen __knowledge__ Metzen was the Senior Vice President of Story and Franchise Development at Blizzard Entertainment and assisted the company's projects by providing voice talent for a number of characters, as well as contributing to artistic character design.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ Blizzard North was the Bay Area division of Blizzard Entertainment, known for its \"Diablo\" series.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ The studio was originally based in Redwood City, California, before moving a short distance away to San Mateo, with Blizzard proper being based in Irvine, southern California.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ Blizzard North was founded in 1993 under the name Condor by David Brevik, Erich Schaefer and Max Schaefer at the request of Brevik.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ David Brevik served as the president of the company between 1993-2003, while the Schaefer brothers held the Vice President positions in the company.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ The company was purchased and renamed as Blizzard North by Blizzard Entertainment's former owner Davidson & Associates about nine months before the release of their hit PC game \"Diablo\" in 1996." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Online game __knowledge__ An online game is a video game that is either partially or primarily played through the Internet or any other computer network available .", "Online game __knowledge__ Online games are ubiquitous on modern gaming platforms, including PCs, consoles and mobile devices, and span many genres, including first-person shooters, strategy games and massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG).", "Online game __knowledge__ The design of online games can range from simple text-based environments to the incorporation of complex graphics and virtual worlds.", "Online game __knowledge__ The existence of online components within a game can range from being minor features, such as an online leaderboard, to being part of core gameplay, such as directly playing against other players.", "Online game __knowledge__ Many online games create their own online communities, while other games, especially social games, integrate the players' existing real-life communities.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online game culture sometimes faces criticisms for an environment that might promote cyberbullying, violence, and xenophobia.", "Online game __knowledge__ Some gamers are also concerned about gaming addiction or social stigma.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online games have attracted players from a variety of ages, nationalities, and occupations.", "Online game __knowledge__ Online game content can also be studied in scientific field, especially gamers' interactions within virtual societies in relation to the behavior and social phenomena of everyday life.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ Info-gap decision theory is a non-probabilistic decision theory that seeks to optimize robustness to failure – or opportuneness for windfall – under severe uncertainty, in particular applying sensitivity analysis of the stability radius type to perturbations in the value of a given estimate of the parameter of interest.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has some connections with Wald's maximin model; some authors distinguish them, others consider them instances of the same principle.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has been developed since the 1980s by Yakov Ben-Haim, and has found many applications and described as a theory for decision-making under \"\"severe\" uncertainty\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in \"Dinosaur King\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The English versions of the series use names differing from the Japanese versions; in this article the English names are used.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The D-Team are the protagonists of the series who are very knowledgeable about dinosaurs.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They prevent the Alpha Gang from succeeding in their goal by saving the dinosaurs they can find.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ Among its members are: The Alpha Gang are the primary yet inept antagonists of the first series who abduct any dinosaur cards they find using their own dinosaurs as their muscle.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They conduct experiments on the dinosaur cards they find.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ The International Fortean Organization (INFO) is a network of professional Fortean researchers and writers.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ John Keel, author and parapsychologist, in both his writings and at his appearances at INFO's FortFest, says \"the International Fortean Organization (INFO) carries on Charles Fort's name as successor to the Fortean Society.\"", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ Keel, Colin Wilson and John Michell are long-time advisors to the organization.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ The International Fortean Organization (INFO) published the \"INFO Journal: Science and the Unknown\", keeps a library of Forteana and offered a research service.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ \"Science Digest\", in 1978, mentions their \"attempts to handle inquiries from a world-wide membership\".", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac is an online community, news aggregator and shareware file hosting service covering Apple Inc. products, including the iPhone, iPod and especially the Macintosh.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Established in 1984 as an electronic mailing list, Info-Mac is notable as being the first online community for Apple's then-new Macintosh computer.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac was the dominant Internet resource for Mac OS software and community-based support throughout the 1980s and early 1990s.", "Info-Mac __knowledge__ Info-Mac consisted of two distinct services: the \"Info-Mac Archive\", a user-submitted collection of nearly all contemporary freeware and shareware available for the Macintosh, and the \"Info-Mac Digest\", an electronic mailing list open to public participation.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Epi Info is statistical software for epidemiology developed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia (US) and licensed as public domain.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Epi Info has been in existence for over 20 years and is currently available for Microsoft Windows.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ The program allows for electronic survey creation, data entry, and analysis.", "Epi Info __knowledge__ Within the analysis module, analytic routines include t-tests, ANOVA, nonparametric statistics, cross tabulations and stratification with estimates of odds ratios, risk ratios, and risk differences, logistic regression (conditional and unconditional), survival analysis (Kaplan Meier and Cox proportional hazard), and analysis of complex survey data.", "BFM TV __knowledge__ BFM TV (, stylised as BFMTV and seen on logo as BFMTV News 24/7) is a 24-hour rolling news and weather channel based in France and available globally via digital, cable and satellite television.", "BFM TV __knowledge__ As the country's most-watched news network with 10 million daily viewers, BFMTV \"boasts a market share in France that is greater than any equivalent news channel around the world\".", "BFM TV __knowledge__ Its economic coverage is \"clearly pro-business, pro-reform, and anti the old consensus\", which is noteworthy because in France, \"economic coverage tends to come from the opposite perspective—the state sector and workers taking precedence over private enterprise\".", "Amiga Hunk __knowledge__ Hunk is the executable file format of tools and programs of the Amiga Operating System based on Motorola 68000 CPU and other processors of the same family.", "Amiga Hunk __knowledge__ This kind of executable got its name from the fact that the software programmed on Amiga is divided in its internal structure into many pieces called \"hunks\", in which every portion could contain either code or data.", "Amiga Hunk __knowledge__ The hunks in an Amiga executable file could exist in various types.", "Amiga Hunk __knowledge__ There are 32-bit hunks, 16-bit hunks, and even some 8-bit hunks.", "Amiga Hunk __knowledge__ Types of hunks were standardized in AmigaOS, and well documented in \"The AmigaDOS Manual\" edited by Commodore to explain to programmers how to code on the Amiga, during the years in which Commodore manufactured Amiga computers.", "Blizzard Entertainment __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment, Inc. is an American video game developer and publisher based in Irvine, California, and is a subsidiary of the American company Activision Blizzard.", "Blizzard Entertainment __knowledge__ The company was founded on February 8, 1991, under the name Silicon & Synapse by three graduates of the University of California, Los Angeles: Michael Morhaime, Frank Pearce, and Allen Adham.", "Blizzard Entertainment __knowledge__ The company originally concentrated on the creation of game ports for other studios before beginning development of their own software in 1993 with games like \"Rock n' Roll Racing\" and \"The Lost Vikings\".", "Blizzard Entertainment __knowledge__ In 1994 the company became Chaos Studios, Inc., then Blizzard Entertainment, Inc. after being acquired by distributor Davidson & Associates.", "StarCraft __knowledge__ StarCraft is a military science fiction media franchise, created by Chris Metzen and James Phinney and owned by Blizzard Entertainment.", "StarCraft __knowledge__ The series, set in the beginning of the 26th century, centers on a galactic struggle for dominance among four species—the adaptable and mobile Terrans, the ever-evolving insectoid Zerg, the powerfully enigmatic Protoss, and the \"god-like\" Xel'Naga creator race—in a distant part of the Milky Way galaxy known as the Koprulu Sector.", "StarCraft __knowledge__ The series debuted with the video game \"StarCraft\" in 1998.", "StarCraft __knowledge__ Since then it has grown to include a number of other games as well as eight novelizations, two \"Amazing Stories\" articles, a , and other licensed merchandise such as collectible statues and toys.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ StarCraft is a military science fiction real-time strategy video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment and released for Microsoft Windows on March 31, 1998.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ The game later spawned a franchise, and is the first game of the \"StarCraft\" series.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ A Classic Mac OS version was released in 1999, and a Nintendo 64 adaptation co-developed with Mass Media was released on June 13, 2000.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ Work on the game started shortly after \"\" release in 1995.", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ \"StarCraft\" debuted at the 1996 E3, where it was unfavorably compared to \"Warcraft II\".", "StarCraft (video game) __knowledge__ As a result, the project was entirely overhauled and then showcased to public in early 1997, receiving a far more positive response.", "Michael Morhaime __knowledge__ Michael \"Mike\" Morhaime (born November 3, 1967) is president and a co-founder of Blizzard Entertainment (founded in 1991 as Silicon & Synapse), a video game developer located in Irvine, California, owned by Activision Blizzard.", "Michael Morhaime __knowledge__ Morhaime served as Vice President of Blizzard Entertainment, Inc., a subsidiary of Activision Blizzard, Inc.", "Michael Morhaime __knowledge__ He served on the Vivendi Games executive committee since January 1999, when Blizzard Entertainment, Inc. became a subsidiary of Vivendi Games.", "Michael Morhaime __knowledge__ He graduated from Granada Hills High School in 1985.", "Michael Morhaime __knowledge__ He is also an alumnus of Triangle Fraternity and received his bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering in 1990 from UCLA.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ World of Warcraft (WoW) is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) released in 2004 by Blizzard Entertainment.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ It is the fourth released game set in the \"Warcraft\" fantasy universe.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ \"World of Warcraft\" takes place within the \"Warcraft\" world of Azeroth, approximately four years after the events at the conclusion of Blizzard's previous \"Warcraft\" release, \".\"", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ Blizzard Entertainment announced \"World of Warcraft\" on September 2, 2001.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ The game was released on November 23, 2004, on the 10th anniversary of the \"Warcraft\" franchise.", "World of Warcraft __knowledge__ The first expansion of the game, , was released on January 16, 2007.", "Chris Metzen __knowledge__ Christopher Vincent \"Chris\" Metzen (born November 22, 1973) is an American game designer, artist, voice actor, and author known for his work creating the fictional universes and scripts for Blizzard Entertainment's three major award-winning media franchises: \"Warcraft\", \"Diablo\" and \"StarCraft\".", "Chris Metzen __knowledge__ On occasion, Metzen has published his art under the alias \"Thundergod.\"", "Chris Metzen __knowledge__ Metzen was hired by Blizzard Entertainment as an animator and an artist; his first work for the company was with the video game \"Justice League Task Force\".", "Chris Metzen __knowledge__ Metzen was the Senior Vice President of Story and Franchise Development at Blizzard Entertainment and assisted the company's projects by providing voice talent for a number of characters, as well as contributing to artistic character design.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ Blizzard North was the Bay Area division of Blizzard Entertainment, known for its \"Diablo\" series.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ The studio was originally based in Redwood City, California, before moving a short distance away to San Mateo, with Blizzard proper being based in Irvine, southern California.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ Blizzard North was founded in 1993 under the name Condor by David Brevik, Erich Schaefer and Max Schaefer at the request of Brevik.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ David Brevik served as the president of the company between 1993-2003, while the Schaefer brothers held the Vice President positions in the company.", "Blizzard North __knowledge__ The company was purchased and renamed as Blizzard North by Blizzard Entertainment's former owner Davidson & Associates about nine months before the release of their hit PC game \"Diablo\" in 1996." ] ]

[ 3, 15, 64, 20, 42 ]

[ "The design of online games can range from simple text-based to complex graphics and virtual worlds.", "That is a very popular one. The first expansion of the game was released on January 2007.", "Yep! And the original was released in 2004 by Blizzard Entertainment. ", "Blizzard Entertainment has been around since February 8, 1992, under the name Silicon & Synapse.", "They originally concentrated on the creation of game ports for other studios before starting on their own." ]

[ "Online game", "Online game", "Online game", "Online game", "Online game" ]

[ "Golden Retriever\nDo you like dogs? I have a golden retriever pup", "They do have their drawbacks. But the puppies are so cute and once you have them a few weeks, it's over. They are very smart though.", "You have to watch them, get a fenced in yard. They have a tendency to roam. They have great temperaments too.", "They rank fourth in intelligence, following border collie, poodle and german shepherd" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog bred as gun dogs to retrieve shot waterfowl such as ducks and upland game birds during hunting and shooting parties, and were named 'retriever' because of their ability to retrieve shot game undamaged.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love of water, and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They are a long-coated breed, with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors, and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Although they need substantial outdoor exercise, they should be housed in a fenced area because of their instinctual tendency to roam.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They shed copiously, particularly at the change of seasons, and require fairly regular grooming.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed is a prominent participant in conformation shows for purebred dogs.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is popular as a disability assistance dog such as being a guide dog for the blind and a hearing dog for the deaf.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ In addition, they are trained to be a hunting dog, a detection dog, and a search and rescue participant.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed's friendly, gentle temperament means it is unsuited to being a professional guard dog, but its temperament has also made it the third-most popular family dog breed (by registration) in the United States, the fifth-most popular in Brazil and Australia, and the eighth-most popular in the United Kingdom.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Pound Puppies characters from the television series that ran from 1986 to 1989.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ The animated children's show was based on the popular 1980's stuffed toy line.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ Cooler (Beagle/Bloodhound mix) – Cooler is the leader of the Pound Puppies.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ As his name would imply, Cooler has an outgoing and mellow personality and always keeps his head up even in the most daring situations.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ He also has a witty and sharp sense of humor compared to the other characters in the series, which is also backed up by his goofy Eddie Murphy-styled laugh.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ His battle cry is \"Pound Puppies, let's start pounding!\"", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Golden Retriever (song) __knowledge__ \"Golden Retriever\" is a song by Super Furry Animals.", "Golden Retriever (song) __knowledge__ It was the first single to be issued from the album \"Phantom Power\" and reached number 13 on the UK Singles Chart on its release in July 2003.", "Golden Retriever (song) __knowledge__ The song is about the relationship between singer Gruff Rhys's girlfriend's two dogs and was written in the same key, with the same guitar tuning and around the same time as several other songs from \"Phantom Power\".", "Golden Retriever (song) __knowledge__ Critical reaction to the track was generally positive with many reviewers commenting on its \"catchiness\" and \"glam rock\" style.", "Golden Retriever (song) __knowledge__ A Jake & Jim directed music video was produced to accompany the song's release as a single featuring the band dressed as yetis.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The Goldendoodle is a cross-breed dog, which is obtained by breeding a Golden Retriever with a Poodle.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The name, which alters \"poodle\" to \"doodle\" by analogy to \"Labradoodle\", was coined in 1992.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The Goldendoodle was first bred by Monica Dickens in 1969.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Popularity for the goldendoodle grew in the 1990s when breeders in North America and Australia began crossing Golden Retrievers with Standard Poodles.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The original purpose of the cross was to develop guide dogs suitable for visually impaired individuals with allergies.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Poodles are considered to be hypoallergenic.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Their coats do not shed, which reduces dander.", "Tweed Water Spaniel __knowledge__ The Tweed Water Spaniel, or Tweed Spaniel, is a breed of dog extinct since the 19th century.", "Tweed Water Spaniel __knowledge__ It is best known for being involved in the early development of the modern Curly Coated Retriever and Golden Retriever breeds of dogs.", "Tweed Water Spaniel __knowledge__ They were described as a generally brown athletic dogs from the area around Berwick-upon-Tweed near the River Tweed and close to the Scottish Borders.", "Tweed Water Spaniel __knowledge__ A type of water dog, the breed was not well known outside the local area.", "Tweed Water Spaniel __knowledge__ This breed may have been created by crossing local water dogs with imported St. John's water dog, another breed which is also now extinct.", "Tweed Water Spaniel __knowledge__ The village of Norham, Northumberland, just south of the River Tweed was noted as being \"long famous\" for a breed of water spaniel of which were \"invariably brown\".", "Service dog __knowledge__ A service dog is a type of assistance dog specifically trained to help people who have disabilities, such as visual impairment, hearing impairments, mental illnesses (such as post traumatic stress disorder), seizure disorder, mobility impairment, and diabetes.", "Service dog __knowledge__ Desirable character traits in service animals typically include good temperament or psychological make-up (including biddability and trainability) and good health (including physical structure and stamina).", "Service dog __knowledge__ Some service dogs are bred and trained by service dog organizations, while others are bred by breeders, and trained by private trainers or even the individuals with disabilities who will someday become their partners." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog bred as gun dogs to retrieve shot waterfowl such as ducks and upland game birds during hunting and shooting parties, and were named 'retriever' because of their ability to retrieve shot game undamaged.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love of water, and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They are a long-coated breed, with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors, and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Although they need substantial outdoor exercise, they should be housed in a fenced area because of their instinctual tendency to roam.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They shed copiously, particularly at the change of seasons, and require fairly regular grooming.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed is a prominent participant in conformation shows for purebred dogs.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is popular as a disability assistance dog such as being a guide dog for the blind and a hearing dog for the deaf.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ In addition, they are trained to be a hunting dog, a detection dog, and a search and rescue participant.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed's friendly, gentle temperament means it is unsuited to being a professional guard dog, but its temperament has also made it the third-most popular family dog breed (by registration) in the United States, the fifth-most popular in Brazil and Australia, and the eighth-most popular in the United Kingdom.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Pound Puppies characters from the television series that ran from 1986 to 1989.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ The animated children's show was based on the popular 1980's stuffed toy line.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ Cooler (Beagle/Bloodhound mix) – Cooler is the leader of the Pound Puppies.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ As his name would imply, Cooler has an outgoing and mellow personality and always keeps his head up even in the most daring situations.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ He also has a witty and sharp sense of humor compared to the other characters in the series, which is also backed up by his goofy Eddie Murphy-styled laugh.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ His battle cry is \"Pound Puppies, let's start pounding!\"", "Puppy Bowl __knowledge__ The Puppy Bowl is an annual television program on Animal Planet that mimics an American football bowl game similar to the Super Bowl, using puppies.", "Puppy Bowl __knowledge__ Shown each year on Super Bowl Sunday, the show consists of footage of a batch of puppies at play inside a model stadium, with commentary on their actions.", "Puppy Bowl __knowledge__ The first \"Puppy Bowl\" was shown on February 6, 2005, opposite Super Bowl XXXIX.", "Puppy Bowl __knowledge__ The puppies featured in the \"Puppy Bowl\" are from shelters.", "Puppy Bowl __knowledge__ According to the show's producers, the inspiration for \"Puppy Bowl\" as Super Bowl counterprogramming came from the popular \"Yule Log\" Christmas program.", "Puppy Bowl __knowledge__ Several months of planning occur before each show, which is usually filmed in October.", "Cruella de Vil __knowledge__ Cruella de Vil (spelled de Vil in the novel, spelled De Vil by Disney) is a character created by Dodie Smith as the main antagonist of her 1956 novel \"The Hundred and One Dalmatians\" and in Walt Disney Pictures' animated film adaptations \"101 Dalmatians\" (1961), \"\" (2002), and Disney's live-action film adaptations \"101 Dalmatians\" (1996) and \"102 Dalmatians\" (2000).", "Cruella de Vil __knowledge__ She was originally voiced by Betty Lou Gerson, after that, she has been voiced by April Winchell (), Tress MacNeille (TV series, two episodes), and Susanne Blakeslee (currently) and was portrayed live by Glenn Close (\"101 Dalmatians\" and \"102 Dalmatians\"), Rachel York (musical), Victoria Smurfit (\"Once Upon a Time\") and Wendy Raquel Robinson (\"Descendants\").", "Shiba Inu Puppy Cam __knowledge__ The Shiba Inu Puppy Cam (also known as Puppy Cam or variations) is a website that featured a live-streamed webcam trained on the puppy-pen for six newborn Shiba Inu dogs born on October 7, 2008.", "Shiba Inu Puppy Cam __knowledge__ It became an Internet phenomenon.", "Shiba Inu Puppy Cam __knowledge__ There have been five further litters.", "Shiba Inu Puppy Cam __knowledge__ The live webcam was set up on Ustream in October 2008 by a San Francisco, California, couple to monitor their Shiba Inu puppies while they were at work.", "Shiba Inu Puppy Cam __knowledge__ The live streaming website showed the puppies interacting with each other in a variety of ways: sleeping, playing with toys, tearing up wee pads, and snuggling with their mother, Kika.", "Snow Buddies __knowledge__ Snow Buddies is a 2008 direct to video film in the \"Air Bud\" series.", "Snow Buddies __knowledge__ It was released on DVD on February 5, 2008.", "Snow Buddies __knowledge__ The film was shot on location in Canada at Mount Seymour, North Vancouver, and the town of Ladner, British Columbia.", "Snow Buddies __knowledge__ Air Bud's five Golden Retriever puppies known as the Buddies from Washington are having fun with their new owners before they go to school.", "Snow Buddies __knowledge__ The puppies meet up in the park and decide to play hide and seek.", "Snow Buddies __knowledge__ Budderball sees an ice cream truck and decides to go in, forcing the others to try and rescue him.", "Snow Buddies __knowledge__ However, the Buddies become trapped in a truck heading to Ferntiuktuk, Alaska.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Sad Puppies __knowledge__ Sad Puppies was a voting campaign intended to influence the outcome of the annual Hugo Awards, the longest running prize (since 1953) for science fiction or fantasy works.", "Sad Puppies __knowledge__ It was initiated in 2013 by author Larry Correia by means of a voting bloc to get his own novel nominated, and then through suggested slates in subsequent years (led by Correia in 2014, and then Brad R. Torgersen in 2015).", "Sad Puppies __knowledge__ Author Kate Paulk announced in March 2015 that she would be taking the helm of the campaign for the 2015–2016 year.", "Sad Puppies __knowledge__ The following year was intended to by led by Sarah Hoyt, but did not materialize.", "Sad Puppies __knowledge__ The original campaign in 2013 was an attempt to get one of Correia's novels nominated for the Hugo Award in order to \"poke the establishment in the eye\" by nominating \"unabashed pulp action that isn't heavy handed message fic\".", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The Goldendoodle is a cross-breed dog, which is obtained by breeding a Golden Retriever with a Poodle.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The name, which alters \"poodle\" to \"doodle\" by analogy to \"Labradoodle\", was coined in 1992.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The Goldendoodle was first bred by Monica Dickens in 1969.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Popularity for the goldendoodle grew in the 1990s when breeders in North America and Australia began crossing Golden Retrievers with Standard Poodles.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The original purpose of the cross was to develop guide dogs suitable for visually impaired individuals with allergies.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Poodles are considered to be hypoallergenic.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Their coats do not shed, which reduces dander.", "Service dog __knowledge__ A service dog is a type of assistance dog specifically trained to help people who have disabilities, such as visual impairment, hearing impairments, mental illnesses (such as post traumatic stress disorder), seizure disorder, mobility impairment, and diabetes.", "Service dog __knowledge__ Desirable character traits in service animals typically include good temperament or psychological make-up (including biddability and trainability) and good health (including physical structure and stamina).", "Service dog __knowledge__ Some service dogs are bred and trained by service dog organizations, while others are bred by breeders, and trained by private trainers or even the individuals with disabilities who will someday become their partners.", "Neutering __knowledge__ Neutering, from the Latin \"neuter\" (\"of neither sex\"), is the removal of an animal's reproductive organ, either all of it or a considerably large part.", "Neutering __knowledge__ \"Neutering\" is often used incorrectly to refer only to male animals, but the term actually applies to both sexes.", "Neutering __knowledge__ The male-specific term is castration, while spaying is usually reserved for female animals.", "Neutering __knowledge__ Colloquially, both terms are often referred to as fixing.", "Neutering __knowledge__ In male horses, castrating is referred to as \"gelding\".", "Neutering __knowledge__ Modern veterinary practice tends to use the term de-sexing.", "Neutering __knowledge__ Neutering is the most common method for the sterilization of animals.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The genetic basis of coat colour in the Labrador Retriever (a highly popular breed of dog) has been studied in detail, and found to depend on several distinct genes.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The interplay between these genes is broadly used as an example of epistasis.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ Labrador Retrievers are a popular breed of dog in many countries.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ There are three recognised colours, black, chocolate, and yellow, that result from the interplay among genes that direct production and expression of two pigments, eumelanin and pheomelanin, in the fur and skin of the dog.", "Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics __knowledge__ The recognized colours are due to two genes, while a third gene affects the range of colouration observed within the yellow Labrador." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog bred as gun dogs to retrieve shot waterfowl such as ducks and upland game birds during hunting and shooting parties, and were named 'retriever' because of their ability to retrieve shot game undamaged.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love of water, and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They are a long-coated breed, with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors, and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Although they need substantial outdoor exercise, they should be housed in a fenced area because of their instinctual tendency to roam.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They shed copiously, particularly at the change of seasons, and require fairly regular grooming.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed is a prominent participant in conformation shows for purebred dogs.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is popular as a disability assistance dog such as being a guide dog for the blind and a hearing dog for the deaf.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ In addition, they are trained to be a hunting dog, a detection dog, and a search and rescue participant.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed's friendly, gentle temperament means it is unsuited to being a professional guard dog, but its temperament has also made it the third-most popular family dog breed (by registration) in the United States, the fifth-most popular in Brazil and Australia, and the eighth-most popular in the United Kingdom.", "Primitivo González del Alba __knowledge__ Primitivo González del Alba (1849–1913) was a Spanish jurist, legal writer and criminologist from Burgos in northern Spain.", "Primitivo González del Alba __knowledge__ He was involved in a number of famous criminal trials in the course of his career as a Public Prosecutor [\"Fiscal\"] and a judge, which took him to many parts of Spain and culminated in his appointment in 1911 to the highest court in Madrid, as a \"Magistrado del Tribunal Supremo de Justicia.\"", "Primitivo González del Alba __knowledge__ One of the leading Spanish criminologists of his day, his writings contributed to the debate on the underlying causes of crime.", "Primitivo González del Alba __knowledge__ In particular, he stressed the importance of social factors in fostering crime, while maintaining, nevertheless, that individual free will [\"libre albedrío\"] still played a crucial role.", "Four temperaments __knowledge__ Four temperaments is a proto-psychological theory that suggests that there are four fundamental personality types, sanguine (enthusiastic, active, and social), choleric (independent, decisive, goal oriented), melancholic (analytical, detail oriented, deep thinker and feeler), and phlegmatic (relaxed, peaceful, quiet).", "Four temperaments __knowledge__ Most formulations include the possibility of mixtures of the types where individual share two or more temperaments.", "Four temperaments __knowledge__ The Greek physician Hippocrates (c. 460 – c. 370 BC) incorporated the four temperaments into his medical theories as part of the ancient medical concept of humorism, that four bodily fluids affect human personality traits and behaviors.", "Two-factor models of personality __knowledge__ The two-factor model of personality is a widely used psychological factor analysis measurement of personality, behavior and temperament.", "Two-factor models of personality __knowledge__ It most often consists of a matrix measuring the factor of introversion and extroversion with some form of people versus task orientation.", "Two-factor models of personality __knowledge__ The Roman physician Galen mapped the four temperaments (sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric and melancholic) to a matrix of hot/cold and dry/wet, taken from the four classical elements.", "Two-factor models of personality __knowledge__ Two of these temperaments, sanguine and choleric, shared a common trait: quickness of response (corresponding to \"heat\"), while the melancholic and phlegmatic shared the opposite, a longer response (coldness).", "Interaction Styles __knowledge__ Interaction Styles are groupings of the 16 types of the MBTI instrument of psychometrics and Jungian psychology.", "Interaction Styles __knowledge__ The Interaction Styles model was developed by Linda Berens, PhD, founder of the Temperament Research Institute.", "Interaction Styles __knowledge__ This model builds on David Keirsey's Temperament model and its subcategories, and is based on observable behavior patterns that are quite similar to David Merrill's \"Social Styles\" and William Moulton Marston's DiSC theory.", "Interaction Styles __knowledge__ David Keirsey, who had mapped the four temperaments of his Keirsey Temperament Sorter to the MBTI system, ended up minimizing the role of both Thinking/Feeling (T/F) and J/P (Judging/Perceiving).", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ The freedom to roam, or \"everyman's right\", is the general public's right to access certain public or privately owned land for recreation and exercise.", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ The right is sometimes called the right of public access to the wilderness or the \"right to roam\".", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ In Scotland, the Nordic countries of Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, the Baltic countries of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania and the Central European countries of Austria, Czech Republic and Switzerland, the freedom to roam takes the form of general public rights which are sometimes codified in law.", "Freedom to roam __knowledge__ The access is ancient in parts of Northern Europe and has been regarded as sufficiently basic that it was not formalised in law until modern times.", "Five temperaments __knowledge__ Five temperaments is a theory in psychology, that expands upon the four temperaments proposed in ancient medical theory.", "Five temperaments __knowledge__ The development of a theory of five temperaments begins with the two-factor models of personality and the work of the late William Schutz, and his FIRO-B program.", "Five temperaments __knowledge__ It is a measure of interpersonal relations orientations that calculates a person's behavior patterns based on the scoring of a questionnaire.", "Five temperaments __knowledge__ Although FIRO-B does not speak in terms of \"temperament\", this system of analysis graded questionnaires on two scales in three dimensions of interpersonal relations.", "Five temperaments __knowledge__ When paired with temperament theory, a measurement of five temperaments resulted.", "The Canon of Medicine __knowledge__ The Canon of Medicine ( \"al-Qānūn fī al-Ṭibb\") is an encyclopedia of medicine in five books compiled by Persian philosopher Avicenna (Ibn Sina) and completed in 1025.", "The Canon of Medicine __knowledge__ It presents an overview of the contemporary medical knowledge, which had been largely influenced by Galen.", "The Canon of Medicine __knowledge__ \"The Canon of Medicine\" remained a medical authority for centuries.", "The Canon of Medicine __knowledge__ It set the standards for medicine in Medieval Europe and the Islamic world and was used as a standard medical textbook through the 18th century in Europe.", "The Canon of Medicine __knowledge__ It is still used in Yunani medicine, a form of traditional medicine practiced in India.", "The Canon of Medicine __knowledge__ The English title \"The Canon of Medicine\" is a translation of the Arabic title (), with \"Canon\" used in the sense of \"law\".", "Service dog __knowledge__ A service dog is a type of assistance dog specifically trained to help people who have disabilities, such as visual impairment, hearing impairments, mental illnesses (such as post traumatic stress disorder), seizure disorder, mobility impairment, and diabetes.", "Service dog __knowledge__ Desirable character traits in service animals typically include good temperament or psychological make-up (including biddability and trainability) and good health (including physical structure and stamina).", "Service dog __knowledge__ Some service dogs are bred and trained by service dog organizations, while others are bred by breeders, and trained by private trainers or even the individuals with disabilities who will someday become their partners.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Autism service dog __knowledge__ An autism service dog is a service dog trained to assist an autistic person to help them gain independence and the ability to perform activities of daily living similar to anyone else.", "Autism service dog __knowledge__ For the most part, these dogs are trained to perform tasks similar to those of service dogs for other sensory processing disorders.", "Autism service dog __knowledge__ The first autism service dog was trained by National Service Dogs and placed with a child on the autism spectrum in 1997.", "Autism service dog __knowledge__ Autism is a disability that symptoms from it can very person to person.", "Autism service dog __knowledge__ Training for autism service dogs is similar to guide dog training.", "Autism service dog __knowledge__ Autism service dogs cost between $12,000 and $30,000 and there is a long waiting list for the dogs.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Cultural depictions of the dog __knowledge__ Cultural depictions of dogs extend back thousands of years to when dogs were portrayed on the walls of caves.", "Cultural depictions of the dog __knowledge__ Representations of dogs in art became more elaborate as individual breeds evolved and the relationships between human and canine developed.", "Cultural depictions of the dog __knowledge__ Hunting scenes were popular in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.", "Cultural depictions of the dog __knowledge__ Dogs were depicted to symbolize guidance, protection, loyalty, fidelity, faithfulness, watchfulness, and love.", "Cultural depictions of the dog __knowledge__ As dogs became more domesticated, they were shown as companion animals, often painted sitting on a lady's lap.", "Cultural depictions of the dog __knowledge__ Throughout the art history there is an overwhelming presence of dogs as status symbols and pets in painting mainly in the Western art.", "John J. Ensminger __knowledge__ John J. Ensminger is an American attorney and a national consultant on legal issues involving skilled dogs and their handlers.", "John J. Ensminger __knowledge__ He is author of the books: \"Service and Therapy Dogs in American Society: Science, Law and the Evolution of Canine Caregivers\", and \"Police and Military Dogs: Criminal Detection, Forensic Evidence, and Judicial Admissibility\".", "John J. Ensminger __knowledge__ He is editor of \"The Complete Book of Dogs\", editor of and contributor to \"Canine Olfaction Science and Law: Advances in Forensic Science, Medicine, Conservation, and Environmental Remediation\", editor of \"Money Laundering, Terrorism and Financial Institutions\", a treatise which he updates monthly with a newsletter as an information service to attorneys covering laws, regulations and compliance issues surrounding the USA PATRIOT Act, a contributor to GPSolo Magazine, and \"Tax Notes\" as well as a contributing editor on canine legal issues which may be found on the website of the Animal Legal and Historical Center of Michigan State University." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog bred as gun dogs to retrieve shot waterfowl such as ducks and upland game birds during hunting and shooting parties, and were named 'retriever' because of their ability to retrieve shot game undamaged.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love of water, and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They are a long-coated breed, with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors, and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Although they need substantial outdoor exercise, they should be housed in a fenced area because of their instinctual tendency to roam.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They shed copiously, particularly at the change of seasons, and require fairly regular grooming.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed is a prominent participant in conformation shows for purebred dogs.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is popular as a disability assistance dog such as being a guide dog for the blind and a hearing dog for the deaf.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ In addition, they are trained to be a hunting dog, a detection dog, and a search and rescue participant.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The breed's friendly, gentle temperament means it is unsuited to being a professional guard dog, but its temperament has also made it the third-most popular family dog breed (by registration) in the United States, the fifth-most popular in Brazil and Australia, and the eighth-most popular in the United Kingdom.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ The Border Collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region for herding livestock, especially sheep.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Considered highly intelligent, extremely energetic, acrobatic and athletic, they frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ They are often cited as the most intelligent of all domestic dogs.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Border Collies continue to be employed in their traditional work of herding livestock throughout the world.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ In general, Border Collies are medium-sized dogs with a moderate amount of coat, which is most often thick and sheds often.", "Frisbee Dog World Championship __knowledge__ The Frisbee Dog World Championship (also known as the Ashley Whippet Invitational World Championship and the Canine Frisbee Disc World Championship) is an annual competition for disc dogs.", "Frisbee Dog World Championship __knowledge__ In 1975, Irv Lander, Alex Stein and Eldon McIntire first organized a World Championship for flying-disc (Frisbee) catching dogs and their handlers.", "Frisbee Dog World Championship __knowledge__ The event continued annually.", "Frisbee Dog World Championship __knowledge__ Stein and his disc dog, Ashley Whippet, won the first three championships in 1975, 1976 and 1977.", "Frisbee Dog World Championship __knowledge__ McIntire was the owner of another disc dog named Hyper Hank.", "Frisbee Dog World Championship __knowledge__ Lander worked for Wham-O, the maker of the Frisbee, which is a registered trademark of Wham-O.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The poodle is a group of formal dog breeds, the Standard Poodle, Miniature Poodle and Toy Poodle.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origins of the poodles are still discussed with a dispute over whether the poodle descends from the old French Barbet breed or from Germany as a type of water dog.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Ranked second most intelligent dog breed just behind the Border Collie, the poodle is skillful in many dog sports and activities, including agility, obedience, tracking to herding, circus performers or assistance dogs.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Poodles have taken top honors in many conformation shows, including \"Best in Show\" at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in 1991 and 2002, and at the World Dog Show in 2007 and 2010.", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a distinctive type of herding dog, including many related landraces and standardised breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ The type originated in Scotland and Northern England.", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a medium-sized, fairly lightly built dog, with a pointed snout.", "Collie __knowledge__ Many types have a distinctive white pattern over the shoulders.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collies are very active and agile, and most types of collies have a very strong herding instinct.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world (especially Australia and North America) and have diversified into many varieties, sometimes with mixture from other dog types.", "Collie __knowledge__ Some collie breeds have remained as working dogs, used for herding cattle, sheep and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The White Shepherd emerged from white-coat lines of the German Shepherd dog in Canada and the United States and from European imports.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd and the white German Shepherd are the same dog, though their coat colors vary.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The White Shepherd breed was officially recognized by the United Kennel Club on April 14, 1999.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ In German Shepherds, the recessive gene for white coat hair was cast in the breed gene pool by the late 19th and early 20th century breeding program that developed and expanded the German Shepherd Dog breed in Germany.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ A white herding dog named Greif was the grandfather of Horand von Grafrath, the dog acknowledged as the foundation of all contemporary German Shepherd bloodlines.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ Dog intelligence or dog cognition is the process in dogs of acquiring, storing in memory, retrieving, combining, comparing, and using in new situations information and conceptual skills.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ Studies have shown that dogs display many behaviors associated with intelligence.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ They have advanced memory skills.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ For example, a border collie, \"Chaser\", learned the names of over 1,000 objects and retrieved them by verbal command.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ Dogs can use such memory skill to make inferences, and a border collie named Rico learned the labels of over 200 items and then inferred the names of novel items by exclusion.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ That is, he identified and retrieved those novel items immediately and also 4 weeks after the initial exposure.", "Guard dog __knowledge__ A guard dog or watch dog (not to be confused with the attack dog) is a dog used to guard against, and watch for unwanted or unexpected people or animals.", "Guard dog __knowledge__ The dog is discriminating so that it does not annoy or attack familiar people.", "Guard dog __knowledge__ Both guard dogs and watchdogs bark loudly to alert their owners of an intruder's presence and to scare away the intruder.", "Guard dog __knowledge__ The watch dog's function ends here; a guard dog is capable of attacking, or restraining the intruder.", "Guard dog __knowledge__ Livestock guardian dogs are often large enough, 100-200 lbs and strong enough to attack and drive away livestock predators such as wolves.", "Guard dog __knowledge__ Some smaller breeds (such as Keeshond and Tibetan Terrier) are excellent watchdogs but not guard dogs because they bark loudly to alert their masters of intruders but are physically small and not given to assertive behavior.", "Boxer (dog) __knowledge__ The Boxer is a medium-sized, short-haired breed of dog, developed in Germany.", "Boxer (dog) __knowledge__ The coat is smooth and tight-fitting; colours are fawn or brindled, with or without white markings, and white.", "Boxer (dog) __knowledge__ Boxers are brachycephalic (they have broad, short skulls), have a square muzzle, mandibular prognathism (an underbite), very strong jaws, and a powerful bite ideal for hanging on to large prey.", "Boxer (dog) __knowledge__ The Boxer was bred from the Old English Bulldog and the now extinct Bullenbeisser which became extinct by crossbreeding rather than by a decadence of the breed.", "Boxer (dog) __knowledge__ The purpose of the crossbreeding was the wish to eliminate the excessive white color of the breed, and the necessity of producing thousands of dogs for one of the most popular breeds in the world.", "Irish Wolfhound __knowledge__ The Irish Wolfhound (, ) is a breed of domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\"), specifically a very large sighthound from Ireland.", "Irish Wolfhound __knowledge__ The name originates from its purposewolf hunting with dogsrather than from its appearance.", "Irish Wolfhound __knowledge__ Originally developed from war hounds to one used for hunting and guarding, Irish Wolfhounds can be an imposing sight due to their formidable size.", "Irish Wolfhound __knowledge__ The breed is very old; there are suggestions it may have been brought to Ireland as early as 7000 BC.", "Irish Wolfhound __knowledge__ These dogs are mentioned, as cú (variously translated as hound, Irish hound, war dog, wolf dog, etc.)", "Irish Wolfhound __knowledge__ in Irish laws and in Irish literature which dates from the 5th century or, in the case of the Sagas, from the old Irish period - AD 600-900.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ The King Charles Spaniel (also known as the English Toy Spaniel) is a small dog breed of the spaniel type.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ In 1903, the Kennel Club combined four separate toy spaniel breeds under this single title.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ The other varieties merged into this breed were the Blenheim, Ruby and Prince Charles Spaniels, each of which contributed one of the four colours available in the breed.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ Thought to have originated in the Far East, toy spaniels were first seen in Europe during the 16th century.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ They were made famous by their association with King Charles II of England (1630–1685) and have been linked with English royalty since the time of Queen Mary I (1516–1558).", "Bandog __knowledge__ The term Bandog (also known as Bandogge) is believed to have originated in the Middle Ages in England.", "Bandog __knowledge__ Johannes Caius published a book in Latin in 1570, translated into English in 1576 by Abraham Fleming under the title, \"Of Englishe Dogges\", in which he described the Bandog as a vast, stubborn, eager dog of heavy body.", "Bandog __knowledge__ The original Bandogs were bred with a functional purpose, as were all working breeds, and for the Bandog this purpose revolved around guarding and protecting.", "Bandog __knowledge__ The Bandogs of old were strictly working dogs, often of various crosses and various sizes.", "Bandog __knowledge__ The name \"Bandog\" was then not a breed, it was a description of a duty or purpose.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging." ] ]

[ 6, 8, 10, 25 ]

[ "I love golden retrievers, although they shed a lot and need a lot of brushing", "Yes they are smart. They make great service dogs for blind and the deaf. They also can be hunting dogs.", "They are a friendly breed, too friendly to be a guard dog.", "Poodle's rank 2nd in intelligence, they can be combined with the golden to make a goldendoodle" ]

[ "Golden Retriever", "Golden Retriever", "Golden Retriever", "Golden Retriever" ]

[ "Michael Phelps", "I've heard of him, but I really don't know much about him.", "Oh wow, I had no idea! He must be an incredible swimmer!", "Which record did he break of his then?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Michael Fred Phelps II (born June 30, 1985) is an American retired competitive swimmer and the most successful and most decorated Olympian of all time, with a total of 28 medals.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Phelps also holds the all-time records for Olympic gold medals (23), Olympic gold medals in individual events (13), and Olympic medals in individual events (16).", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ When he won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Games, Phelps broke fellow American swimmer Mark Spitz's 1972 record of seven first-place finishes at any single Olympic Games.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Phelps had already tied the record of eight medals of any color at a single Games by winning six gold and two bronze medals.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Phelps won four gold and two silver medals, and at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, he won five gold medals and one silver.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ This made him the most successful athlete of the Games for the fourth Olympics in a row.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Phelps is the long course world record holder in the 100 meter butterfly, 200 meter butterfly, and 400 meter individual medley as well as the former long course world record holder in the 200 meter freestyle and 200 meter individual medley.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ He has won 82 medals in major international long course competition, of which 65 were gold, 14 silver, and 3 bronze, spanning the Olympics, the World Championships, and the Pan Pacific Championships." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Michael Fred Phelps II (born June 30, 1985) is an American retired competitive swimmer and the most successful and most decorated Olympian of all time, with a total of 28 medals.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Phelps also holds the all-time records for Olympic gold medals (23), Olympic gold medals in individual events (13), and Olympic medals in individual events (16).", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ When he won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Games, Phelps broke fellow American swimmer Mark Spitz's 1972 record of seven first-place finishes at any single Olympic Games.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Phelps had already tied the record of eight medals of any color at a single Games by winning six gold and two bronze medals.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Phelps won four gold and two silver medals, and at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, he won five gold medals and one silver.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ This made him the most successful athlete of the Games for the fourth Olympics in a row.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Phelps is the long course world record holder in the 100 meter butterfly, 200 meter butterfly, and 400 meter individual medley as well as the former long course world record holder in the 200 meter freestyle and 200 meter individual medley.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ He has won 82 medals in major international long course competition, of which 65 were gold, 14 silver, and 3 bronze, spanning the Olympics, the World Championships, and the Pan Pacific Championships.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Beyoncé for her fourth studio album, \"4\" (2011).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ It was released by Columbia Records in the United States on May 25, 2011, as a promotional single.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ Serving as the opening track on \"4\", it was written and produced by The-Dream, Tricky Stewart .", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" was originally titled \"Nothing But Love\" and by Corey-Jackson Carter & The-Dream & he had initially planned to include it on his second studio album, \"Love vs. Money\" (2009).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ A down-tempo contemporary R&B and soul music power ballad, \"1+1\" Beyoncé expressing her endless love to her soul mate; the lyrics make strong statements about the power of the relationship.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ Linda Maria Ronstadt (born July 15, 1946) is an American popular music singer known for singing in a wide range of genres including rock, country, jazz, light opera, and Latin.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has earned 11 Grammy Awards, three American Music Awards, two Academy of Country Music awards, an Emmy Award, and an ALMA Award, and many of her albums have been certified gold, platinum or multiplatinum in the United States and internationally.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has also earned nominations for a Tony Award and a Golden Globe award.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in April 2014.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ On July 28, 2014, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts and Humanities.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ Kenneth C. Davis is an American historian, best known for his \"Don't Know Much About...\" series.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ Born in Mount Vernon, New York City, Davis attended but did not graduate from Concordia College, Bronxville in New York, and Fordham University at Lincoln Center, New York.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ He lives in New York City and Dorset, Vermont, with his wife and two children.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ Davis has made frequent media appearances, including NPR's \"All Things Considered\", and he has lectured at museums, including the Smithsonian Museum and the American Museum of Natural History.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ He has been a contributor to \"The New York Times\", \"Newsday\" and other publications.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ As the World Turns is a long-running soap opera television series that aired on CBS from April 2, 1956, to September 17, 2010.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ Its fictional world has a long and involved history.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ List of characters who were part of the original cast: Like many daytime dramas of the period, the show entered into a mixed experiment with heavily youth-oriented action-adventure storylines in the early 1980s under producer Mary-Ellis Bunim and writers Bridget and Jerome Dobson.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ One of their juiciest stories centered around the various and sundry traumas endured by Jennifer's daughter Barbara Ryan (Colleen Zenk Pinter) - during the years of her marriage to the charismatic criminal James Stenbeck (Anthony Herrera) (This was after she had left Tom Hughes at the altar in June 1980).", "Fame in the 20th Century __knowledge__ Fame in the 20th Century is a 1993 BBC documentary television series and book by Clive James.", "Fame in the 20th Century __knowledge__ The book and series examined the phenomenon of fame and how it expanded to international mass media proportions throughout the 20th century.", "Fame in the 20th Century __knowledge__ The 8 episodes were divided in roughly 8 decades, from the 1900s to the 1980s.", "Fame in the 20th Century __knowledge__ Each episode highlighted world-famous people during that part of the century.", "Fame in the 20th Century __knowledge__ James delivered interesting and amusing comments about the portrayed celebrities and the various ways they became famous.", "Fame in the 20th Century __knowledge__ In the United States, the series were broadcast on PBS.", "Fame in the 20th Century __knowledge__ James and his team developed the series as a study on the concept fame, and more specifically \"world fame\".", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Maria Callas, Commendatore OMRI (; December 2, 1923 – September 16, 1977), was a Greek-American soprano, and one of the most renowned and influential opera singers of the 20th century.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Many critics praised her \"bel canto\" technique, wide-ranging voice and dramatic interpretations.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her repertoire ranged from classical \"opera seria\" to the \"bel canto\" operas of Donizetti, Bellini and Rossini and further, to the works of Verdi and Puccini; and, in her early career, to the music dramas of Wagner.", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Her musical and dramatic talents led to her being hailed as \"La Divina\".", "Maria Callas __knowledge__ Born in New York City and raised by an overbearing mother, she received her musical education in Greece and established her career in Italy.", "Westboro Baptist Church __knowledge__ Westboro Baptist Church (WBC) is a Baptist church which is known for its use of inflammatory hate speech, especially against LGBT people (homophobia), Catholics (anti-Catholicism), Orthodox Christians (anti-Orthodoxy), Muslims (Islamophobia), Jews (antisemitism), U.S. soldiers and politicians (anti-Americanism).", "Westboro Baptist Church __knowledge__ The church is widely known as a hate group and is monitored as such by the Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center.", "Westboro Baptist Church __knowledge__ The church has been involved in actions against gay people since at least 1991, when it sought a crackdown on homosexual activity at Gage Park six blocks northwest of the church.", "Fred Phelps __knowledge__ Fred Waldron Phelps Sr. (November 13, 1929 – March 19, 2014) was an American Baptist minister and civil rights attorney who became notorious for his vehement homophobia and protests near the funerals of gay people, military veterans, and disaster victims, whose deaths, he believed, were the result of God punishing the U.S. for having \"bankrupt values\" and tolerating gay people.", "Fred Phelps __knowledge__ The Westboro Baptist Church, a Topeka, Kansas-based independent fundamentalist ministry that Phelps founded in 1955, has been called \"arguably the most obnoxious and rabid hate group in America.” Its signature slogan, \"God Hates Fags\", remains the name of the group's principal website.", "The Most Hated Family in America __knowledge__ The Most Hated Family in America is a 2007 BBC documentary film written and presented by Louis Theroux about the family at the core of the Westboro Baptist Church.", "The Most Hated Family in America __knowledge__ The organization was led by Fred Phelps (who has since died) and located in Topeka, Kansas.", "The Most Hated Family in America __knowledge__ Westboro Baptist Church members believe that the United States government is immoral due to its tolerance of homosexuality; in addition, they protest at funerals of U.S. military killed in action with signs that display text such as \"God Hates Fags\" and \"Thank God for Dead Soldiers\".", "The Most Hated Family in America __knowledge__ With a BBC film crew, Theroux travelled to Kansas to spend time with members of the church and interview its leadership.", "Nathan Phelps __knowledge__ Nathan \"Nate\" Phelps (born November 22, 1958) is an American-Canadian author, LGBT rights activist, and public speaker on the topics of religion and child abuse.", "Nathan Phelps __knowledge__ He is the sixth-born of the 13 children of Fred Phelps, from whom he – along with three of his siblings – had been estranged since his 18th birthday in 1976 until his father's death in 2014.", "Nathan Phelps __knowledge__ Phelps permanently left Westboro Baptist Church in 1980 and has since publicly censured the group.", "Nathan Phelps __knowledge__ Other members of the Phelps family have also left, most recently Megan Phelps-Roper in 2012 and Zach Phelps-Roper in February 2014.", "Nathan Phelps __knowledge__ Phelps was born in Topeka, Kansas on November 22, 1958.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ Ryan Steven Lochte (, ; born August 3, 1984) is an American competitive swimmer, a 12-time Olympic medalist (six gold, three silver, three bronze), which ranks him second in swimming behind Michael Phelps.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ His seven individual Olympic medals rank near the top in men's swimming.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ As part of the American teams, he holds the world record in the 4×200-meter freestyle (long course) and 4x100-meter freestyle (mixed) relay.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ Individually, he currently holds the world record in the 200-meter individual medley (long and short course) and 400-meter individual medley (short course).", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ Lochte's success has earned him SwimSwam's Swammy Award for US Male Swimmer of the Year in 2013, the World Swimmer of the Year Award and the American Swimmer of the Year Award twice.", "Phelps-A-Thon __knowledge__ Phelps-A-Thon.com is a Boston-based, pro-LGBT website working to counteract the message spread by the Westboro Baptist Church (WBC) and their leader, Fred Phelps.", "Phelps-A-Thon __knowledge__ It works by channeling passions against WBC into donations for groups targeted by the WBC's pickets.", "Phelps-A-Thon __knowledge__ Phelps-A-Thon.com assists groups that are being picketed by WBC in setting up a \"Telethon\" type of counter-protest.", "Phelps-A-Thon __knowledge__ Through the “Phelps-A-Thon.com” website, supporters are able to pledge online to donate a certain amount of money for every minute WBC pickets against a specific target, usually LGBT or Jewish groups.", "Phelps-A-Thon __knowledge__ The longer they protest, the more money they raise for the cause they are demonstrating against." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Michael Fred Phelps II (born June 30, 1985) is an American retired competitive swimmer and the most successful and most decorated Olympian of all time, with a total of 28 medals.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Phelps also holds the all-time records for Olympic gold medals (23), Olympic gold medals in individual events (13), and Olympic medals in individual events (16).", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ When he won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Games, Phelps broke fellow American swimmer Mark Spitz's 1972 record of seven first-place finishes at any single Olympic Games.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Phelps had already tied the record of eight medals of any color at a single Games by winning six gold and two bronze medals.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Phelps won four gold and two silver medals, and at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, he won five gold medals and one silver.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ This made him the most successful athlete of the Games for the fourth Olympics in a row.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Phelps is the long course world record holder in the 100 meter butterfly, 200 meter butterfly, and 400 meter individual medley as well as the former long course world record holder in the 200 meter freestyle and 200 meter individual medley.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ He has won 82 medals in major international long course competition, of which 65 were gold, 14 silver, and 3 bronze, spanning the Olympics, the World Championships, and the Pan Pacific Championships.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Mari Collingwood __knowledge__ Mari Collingwood is a fictional character from \"The Last House on the Left\" series of films.", "Mari Collingwood __knowledge__ Created by the writer and director Wes Craven, she is portrayed by Sandra Peabody in the 1972 original film and by Sara Paxton in the 2009 remake of the same name.", "Mari Collingwood __knowledge__ Making her debut appearance in \"The Last House on the Left\" (1972), Mari serves as the heroine; predating the characters of Nancy Thompson and Sidney Prescott who served as the protagonists of Wes Craven's landmark series \"A Nightmare on Elm Street\" (1984–87; 1994) and \"Scream\" (1996-2011).", "Mari Collingwood __knowledge__ The 2009 incarnation of the character has been observed by some scholars to follow the \"final girl\" archetype, contrasting with her original depiction.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Winning streak (sports) __knowledge__ In sports, a winning streak is a consecutive sequence of won games, or won competitions.", "Winning streak (sports) __knowledge__ It can be applied to teams in team sports, and individuals in individual sports.", "Winning streak (sports) __knowledge__ In sports where teams or individuals represent groups such as countries or regions, those groups can also be said to have 'winning streaks' if their representatives win consecutive games or competitions, even if the competitors are different.", "Winning streak (sports) __knowledge__ Streaks can also be applied to specific competitions: for example a competitor who wins an event in three consecutive Olympic Games has an Olympic winning streak, even if they have lost other competitions during the period.", "United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The United States, represented by the United States Olympic Committee (USOC), competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China.", "United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ U.S. athletes have competed in every Summer Olympic Games in the modern era, except the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, which was boycotted by the US team and many others.", "United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The USOC sent a total of 596 athletes to Beijing (310 men and 286 women), and competed in all Olympic sports except handball.", "United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The USOC selected San Jose State University in San Jose, California, as the primary processing center for all Team USA members headed for Beijing 2008.", "United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ They flew into San Jose via San Jose International Airport or San Francisco International Airport for at least two days of document checks, health examinations, cultural briefings, portrait sittings, uniform fittings, and last-minute workout sessions.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ Ryan Steven Lochte (, ; born August 3, 1984) is an American competitive swimmer, a 12-time Olympic medalist (six gold, three silver, three bronze), which ranks him second in swimming behind Michael Phelps.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ His seven individual Olympic medals rank near the top in men's swimming.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ As part of the American teams, he holds the world record in the 4×200-meter freestyle (long course) and 4x100-meter freestyle (mixed) relay.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ Individually, he currently holds the world record in the 200-meter individual medley (long and short course) and 400-meter individual medley (short course).", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ Lochte's success has earned him SwimSwam's Swammy Award for US Male Swimmer of the Year in 2013, the World Swimmer of the Year Award and the American Swimmer of the Year Award twice.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ Ian James Thorpe, (born 13 October 1982) is a retired Australian swimmer who specialised in freestyle, but also competed in backstroke and the individual medley.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ He has won five Olympic gold medals, the most won by any Australian, and with three gold and two silver medals, was the most successful athlete at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ At the 2001 World Aquatics Championships, he became the first person to win six gold medals in one World Championship.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ In total, Thorpe has won eleven World Championship golds, the third-highest number of any swimmer.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ Thorpe was the first person to have been named \"Swimming World\" Swimmer of the Year four times, and was the Australian Swimmer of the Year from 1999 to 2003.", "1948 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The 1948 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XIV Olympiad, was an international multi-sport event which was held in London, United Kingdom.", "1948 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ After a twelve-year hiatus caused by the outbreak of World War II; these were the first Summer Olympics held since the 1936 Games in Berlin.", "1948 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The 1940 Olympic Games had been scheduled for Tokyo, and then for Helsinki; the 1944 Olympic Games had been provisionally planned for London.", "1948 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ This was the second occasion that London had hosted the Olympic Games, having previously hosted them in 1908, forty years earlier.", "1948 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ (The Olympics again returned to London 64 years later in 2012, making London the first city to have hosted the games three times, and the only city until Paris and Los Angeles host their third games in 2024 and 2028, respectively.)", "Great Britain at the 2012 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ Great Britain, represented by the British Olympic Association (BOA), competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom, from 27 July to 12 August 2012 as the host nation.", "Great Britain at the 2012 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ British athletes have competed at every Summer Olympic Games in the modern era, alongside Australia, France and Greece, though Great Britain is the only one to have won at least one gold medal at all of them.", "Great Britain at the 2012 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ London is the only city to host the Summer Olympics on three different occasions, having previously done so in 1908 and 1948.", "Great Britain at the 2012 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ Soon, it will be joined by Paris in 2024 and Los Angeles in 2028 in hosting the Olympic Games for a third time." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Michael Fred Phelps II (born June 30, 1985) is an American retired competitive swimmer and the most successful and most decorated Olympian of all time, with a total of 28 medals.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Phelps also holds the all-time records for Olympic gold medals (23), Olympic gold medals in individual events (13), and Olympic medals in individual events (16).", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ When he won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Games, Phelps broke fellow American swimmer Mark Spitz's 1972 record of seven first-place finishes at any single Olympic Games.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Phelps had already tied the record of eight medals of any color at a single Games by winning six gold and two bronze medals.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Phelps won four gold and two silver medals, and at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, he won five gold medals and one silver.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ This made him the most successful athlete of the Games for the fourth Olympics in a row.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ Phelps is the long course world record holder in the 100 meter butterfly, 200 meter butterfly, and 400 meter individual medley as well as the former long course world record holder in the 200 meter freestyle and 200 meter individual medley.", "Michael Phelps __knowledge__ He has won 82 medals in major international long course competition, of which 65 were gold, 14 silver, and 3 bronze, spanning the Olympics, the World Championships, and the Pan Pacific Championships.", "Ronnie O'Sullivan __knowledge__ Ronald Antonio O'Sullivan (born 5 December 1975) is an English professional snooker player.", "Ronnie O'Sullivan __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the greatest snooker players of all time, he is considered by many to be the most naturally talented player in the history of the sport and has been described by many in the sport as a genius.", "Ronnie O'Sullivan __knowledge__ He is noted for his rapid playing style, mercurial temperament, and his ambivalent relationship with the sport, from which he has taken prolonged sabbaticals and repeatedly threatened to retire.", "Ronnie O'Sullivan __knowledge__ Despite being naturally right-handed, he regularly cues with his left hand when required, allowing him to take shots that would otherwise require awkward cueing with a or .", "2009 WTA Tour Championships __knowledge__ The 2009 WTA Tour Championships (also known as Sony Ericsson Championships – Doha 2009) was held in Doha, Qatar from October 27 to November 1.", "2009 WTA Tour Championships __knowledge__ It was the second time the Khalifa International Tennis Complex hosted the WTA Tour Year-End Singles and Doubles Championships.", "2009 WTA Tour Championships __knowledge__ Women's Tennis Association(WTA) rank No.", "2009 WTA Tour Championships __knowledge__ 2 Serena Williams won her second year-end championships title, defeating sister, Venus Williams in the final 6–2, 7–6(4).", "2009 WTA Tour Championships __knowledge__ The Spanish duo of Nuria Llagostera Vives and María José Martínez Sánchez won the doubles event on their debut 7–6(0), 5–7, [10-7].", "2009 WTA Tour Championships __knowledge__ They defeated the World No.", "2009 WTA Tour Championships __knowledge__ 1s in doubles and defending champions, Cara Black and Liezel Huber, in the final.", "World Snooker Championship __knowledge__ The World Snooker Championship is the leading snooker tournament both in terms of prestige and prize money.", "World Snooker Championship __knowledge__ The first championship was held in 1927 and was won by Joe Davis.", "World Snooker Championship __knowledge__ Davis won the first 15 championships before retiring from the event, undefeated, after his 1946 success.", "World Snooker Championship __knowledge__ In the 1950s snooker went into a period of decline and the championship was not held after 1952, although an unofficial championship was held until 1957.", "World Snooker Championship __knowledge__ In 1964 the championship was revived on a challenge basis and in 1969 the championship became a knock-out event again.", "World Snooker Championship __knowledge__ Since 1977 it has been played at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England.", "2012 Roger Federer tennis season __knowledge__ The 2012 Roger Federer tennis season officially began on 2 January with the start of the 2012 ATP World Tour.", "2012 Roger Federer tennis season __knowledge__ Federer began the year with a semifinals finish at the Australian Open after a four-set loss to archrival Rafael Nadal.", "2012 Roger Federer tennis season __knowledge__ He recovered from his loss with three consecutive titles at the ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament, the Dubai Duty Free Tennis Championships, and the BNP Paribas Open.", "2012 Roger Federer tennis season __knowledge__ He won his fourth title at the Mutua Madrid Open on blue clay, becoming the only person to win a title on blue clay in ATP history.", "2012 Roger Federer tennis season __knowledge__ By doing so, he regained the #2 ranking from Rafael Nadal At the French Open, Federer played four tough matches before he was ousted by Djokovic in the semifinals.", "2009 ATP World Tour Finals __knowledge__ The 2009 ATP World Tour Finals (also known as the 2009 Barclays ATP World Tour Finals for sponsorship reasons) was held in London, United Kingdom between 22 November and 29 November 2009.", "2009 ATP World Tour Finals __knowledge__ It was the first time the O arena hosted the ATP World Tour Year-End Singles and Doubles Championships.", "2009 ATP World Tour Finals __knowledge__ The event was renamed from Tennis Masters Cup to ATP World Tour Finals following the rearrangement of the ATP Tour.", "2009 ATP World Tour Finals __knowledge__ Spots were awarded to the top seven players highest ranked single players in the world ranking.", "2009 ATP World Tour Finals __knowledge__ And The top seven doubles teams in the 2009 ATP Doubles Race.", "2009 ATP World Tour Finals __knowledge__ With one spot reserved for Grand Slam champions who finish outside of the top 8, but within the Top 20 players or teams.", "2008 Tennis Masters Cup __knowledge__ The 2008 Tennis Masters Cup was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts.", "2008 Tennis Masters Cup __knowledge__ It was the 39th edition of the year-end singles championships, the 34th edition of the year-end doubles championships, and part of the 2008 ATP Tour.", "2008 Tennis Masters Cup __knowledge__ It took place at the Qizhong Forest Sports City Arena in Shanghai, China, from November 9 through November 16, 2008.", "2008 Tennis Masters Cup __knowledge__ Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) No.", "2008 Tennis Masters Cup __knowledge__ 3 Novak Djokovic of Serbia won his first year-end championships title in the singles event, defeating ATP No.", "2008 Tennis Masters Cup __knowledge__ 5 Nikolay Davydenko of Russia in the final 6–1, 7–5.", "2008 Tennis Masters Cup __knowledge__ Four-time winner, two-time defending champion Roger Federer was defeated in the round robin stage of the event for the first time in seven consecutive appearances.", "History of the England national rugby union team __knowledge__ The History of the England national rugby union team covers the period since 1871, when the England national rugby union team played Scotland in the first ever rugby union international.", "History of the England national rugby union team __knowledge__ The game of rugby union developed out of the game of football that was played at Rugby School from the mid-18th century.", "History of the England national rugby union team __knowledge__ In the first half of the 19th century, the game began to spread, as ex-pupils of Rugby, and other public schools, introduced it into the universities.", "History of the England national rugby union team __knowledge__ At Cambridge University, in 1839, a game was organised between Old Rugbeians and Old Etonians, and a rugby club was formed at Guy's Hospital, London in 1843.", "Mark Spitz __knowledge__ Mark Andrew Spitz (born February 10, 1950) is an American former competitive swimmer, nine-time Olympic champion, and former world record-holder in 7 events.", "Mark Spitz __knowledge__ He won seven gold medals at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany, an achievement surpassed only by Michael Phelps, who won eight golds at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.", "Mark Spitz __knowledge__ Spitz set new world records in all seven events in which he competed in 1972.", "Mark Spitz __knowledge__ Spitz holds more medals than any other Jewish athlete in the history of the Olympics.", "Mark Spitz __knowledge__ Between 1968 and 1972, Spitz won nine Olympic golds, a silver, and a bronze; five Pan American golds; 31 Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) titles; and eight National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) titles.", "Swimming at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre butterfly __knowledge__ The men's 100 metre butterfly event at the 2008 Olympic Games took place on 14–16 August at the Beijing National Aquatics Center in Beijing, China.", "Swimming at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre butterfly __knowledge__ U.S. swimmer Michael Phelps set a new Olympic record of 50.58 to defend his title in the event, edging out Serbia's Milorad Čavić (50.59) by one hundredth of a second (0.01).", "Swimming at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre butterfly __knowledge__ He also earned his seventh Olympic gold at a single Games, tying Mark Spitz's 1972 record for the most gold medals.", "Swimming at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre butterfly __knowledge__ Australia's Andrew Lauterstein earned a bronze in 51.12, finishing in a close race against world record holder Ian Crocker by the slimmest margin.", "Swimming at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre butterfly __knowledge__ Phelps' triumph occurred after Čavić had remarked that it would be better for the sport if Phelps was defeated.", "United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The United States, represented by the United States Olympic Committee (USOC), competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China.", "United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ U.S. athletes have competed in every Summer Olympic Games in the modern era, except the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, which was boycotted by the US team and many others.", "United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The USOC sent a total of 596 athletes to Beijing (310 men and 286 women), and competed in all Olympic sports except handball.", "United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ The USOC selected San Jose State University in San Jose, California, as the primary processing center for all Team USA members headed for Beijing 2008.", "United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics __knowledge__ They flew into San Jose via San Jose International Airport or San Francisco International Airport for at least two days of document checks, health examinations, cultural briefings, portrait sittings, uniform fittings, and last-minute workout sessions.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ Ryan Steven Lochte (, ; born August 3, 1984) is an American competitive swimmer, a 12-time Olympic medalist (six gold, three silver, three bronze), which ranks him second in swimming behind Michael Phelps.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ His seven individual Olympic medals rank near the top in men's swimming.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ As part of the American teams, he holds the world record in the 4×200-meter freestyle (long course) and 4x100-meter freestyle (mixed) relay.", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ Individually, he currently holds the world record in the 200-meter individual medley (long and short course) and 400-meter individual medley (short course).", "Ryan Lochte __knowledge__ Lochte's success has earned him SwimSwam's Swammy Award for US Male Swimmer of the Year in 2013, the World Swimmer of the Year Award and the American Swimmer of the Year Award twice.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ Ian James Thorpe, (born 13 October 1982) is a retired Australian swimmer who specialised in freestyle, but also competed in backstroke and the individual medley.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ He has won five Olympic gold medals, the most won by any Australian, and with three gold and two silver medals, was the most successful athlete at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ At the 2001 World Aquatics Championships, he became the first person to win six gold medals in one World Championship.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ In total, Thorpe has won eleven World Championship golds, the third-highest number of any swimmer.", "Ian Thorpe __knowledge__ Thorpe was the first person to have been named \"Swimming World\" Swimmer of the Year four times, and was the Australian Swimmer of the Year from 1999 to 2003.", "2000s (decade) __knowledge__ The 2000s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1, 2000, and ended on December 31, 2009.", "2000s (decade) __knowledge__ The growth of the Internet contributed to globalization during the decade, which allowed faster communication among people around the world.", "2000s (decade) __knowledge__ The economic growth of the 2000s had considerable social, environmental and mass extinction consequences, raised demand for diminishing energy resources, and was still vulnerable, as demonstrated by the financial crisis of 2007–08.", "2000s (decade) __knowledge__ In the English-speaking world, a name for the decade was never universally accepted in the same manner as for decades such as the '80s, the '90s, etc." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 5 ]

[ "I love Michael Fred Phelps,he's a great swimmer in the Olympics", "You don't follow the Olympics? Phelps also holds the all-time records for Olympic gold medals (23), Olympic gold medals in individual events ", "Also,When he won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Games, Phelps broke fellow American swimmer Mark Spitz's 1972 record", "He's a consistent record breaker, At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Phelps won four gold and two silver medals, and at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro." ]

[ "Michael Phelps", "Michael Phelps", "Michael Phelps", "Michael Phelps" ]

[ "Taco", "Oh? So you would eat a taco made out of any substance of food, but would you eat a taco from any random taco place?", "Haha! Taco Bell is merely an american idea. We used to have this little place called Mema's Alaskan Tacos and man their Gator tacos were to die for!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ Del Taco is an American fast food restaurant chain which specializes in American-style Mexican cuisine as well as American foods such as burgers, fries, and shakes.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ Del Taco is led by CEO John D. Cappasola, Jr., and is headquartered in Lake Forest, California.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ The first Del Taco restaurant was opened by Ed Hackbarth and David Jameson in Yermo, California, on September 16, 1964.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ On the first day of business, Del Taco made $169.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ Success of the first restaurant led to two in Barstow, one in Needles, and a fifth restaurant in Corona (the first Del Taco with a drive-through window).", "Del Taco __knowledge__ Dick Naugle, who installed the kitchen equipment in the Corona store, was impressed by the design and joined Hackbarth and Jameson in the fledgling business.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Taco Bell is an American chain of fast food restaurants based out of Irvine, California and a subsidiary of Yum!", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Brands, Inc.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ The restaurants serve a variety of Tex-Mex foods that include tacos, burritos, quesadillas, nachos, novelty and specialty items, and a variety of \"value menu\" items.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ , Taco Bell serves more than 2 billion customers each year at 7,000 restaurants, more than 80 percent of which are owned and operated by independent franchisees and licensees.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Taco Bell was founded by Glen Bell, who first opened a hot dog stand called Bell's Drive-In in San Bernardino, California in 1946 when he was 23 years old.", "Taco Cabana __knowledge__ Taco Cabana is an American fast casual restaurant chain specializing in Mexican cuisine.", "Taco Cabana __knowledge__ A wholly owned subsidiary of Fiesta Restaurant Group, Inc, it is headquartered in San Antonio, Texas.", "Taco Cabana __knowledge__ As of September 2014 Taco Cabana had 166 locations throughout Texas, Oklahoma and New Mexico.", "Taco Cabana __knowledge__ Most Taco Cabana restaurants have a drive-thru and many are open 24 hours a day.", "Taco Cabana __knowledge__ For most of the chain's history all locations were painted in the company's signature pink.", "Taco Cabana __knowledge__ Taco Cabana is known for its interior, semi-enclosed and patio dining areas.", "Taco Cabana __knowledge__ Most menu items are handmade daily on site in open display cooking areas including fajitas on an open-flame grill and tortillas made in-house.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos () is an American brand of flavored tortilla chips produced since 1964 by Frito-Lay, a wholly owned subsidiary of PepsiCo.", "Doritos __knowledge__ The original Doritos flavor is Nacho Cheese, though other flavors have since debuted for the company.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos originated in a restaurant at Disneyland.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos has also gained notoriety for its marketing campaigns, including many ads aired during the Super Bowl.", "Doritos __knowledge__ The original product was made at the Casa de Fritos (now Rancho Del Zocalo) at Disneyland in Anaheim, California, during the early 1960s.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Using surplus tortillas and taking the original idea from the traditional Mexican snack known as totopo, the company-owned restaurant cut them up, fried them, and added basic seasoning, resembling the Mexican chilaquiles, but in this case being dry.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ A taco stand or taqueria is a food stall, food cart or restaurant that specializes in tacos and other Mexican dishes.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ The food is typically prepared quickly and tends to be inexpensive.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Many various ingredients may be used, and various taco styles may be served.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Taco stands are an integral part of Mexican street food.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Tacos became a part of traditional Mexican cuisine in the early 20th Century, beginning in Mexico City, as what had been a miner's snack began to be sold on street corners in the city.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Shops selling tacos have since proliferated throughout Mexico and other areas with a heavy Mexican culinary and cultural influence, including much of the Western United States and most other larger American cities.", "2006 North American E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks __knowledge__ In 2006, there were several outbreaks of foodborne illness from spinach and lettuce contaminated by .", "2006 North American E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks __knowledge__ The initial outbreak occurred in September 2006 and its probable origin was an Angus cattle ranch that had leased land to spinach grower (growing under organic practices).", "2006 North American E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks __knowledge__ At least 205 consumer illnesses and 3 deaths have been attributed to the tainted produce.", "2006 North American E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks __knowledge__ In December 2006, Taco Bell restaurants in four Northeastern states emerged as a common link among 71 sickened people across five states, 52 of whom were ultimately confirmed by the Centers for Disease Control to have tested positive the same \"E. coli\" strain.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is a traditional Mexican dish composed of a corn or wheat tortilla folded or rolled around a filling.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, vegetables, and cheese, allowing for great versatility and variety.", "Taco __knowledge__ A taco is generally eaten without utensils and is often accompanied by garnishes such as salsa, chili pepper, avocado, guacamole, cilantro (coriander), tomatoes, onions, and lettuce.", "Taco __knowledge__ The origins of the taco are not precisely known, and etymologies for the culinary usage of the word are generally theoretical.", "Taco __knowledge__ According to the Real Academia Española, publisher of \"Diccionario de la Lengua Española\", the word \"taco\" describes a typical Mexican dish of a maize tortilla folded around food.", "Taco __knowledge__ This meaning of the Spanish word \"taco\" is a Mexican innovation, but in other dialects \"taco\" is used to mean \"wedge; wad, plug; billiard cue; blowpipe; ramrod; short, stocky person; [or] short, thick piece of wood.\"", "Taco __knowledge__ As used in this non-culinary way, the word \"taco\" has cognates in other European languages, including the French word \"tache\" and the English word \"tack (nail).\"", "Taco __knowledge__ According to one etymological theory, the culinary meaning of \"taco\" derives from its \"plug\" meaning as employed among Mexican silver miners, who used explosive charges in plug form consisting of a paper wrapper and gunpowder filling.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Taco Bell is an American chain of fast food restaurants based out of Irvine, California and a subsidiary of Yum!", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Brands, Inc.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ The restaurants serve a variety of Tex-Mex foods that include tacos, burritos, quesadillas, nachos, novelty and specialty items, and a variety of \"value menu\" items.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ , Taco Bell serves more than 2 billion customers each year at 7,000 restaurants, more than 80 percent of which are owned and operated by independent franchisees and licensees.", "Taco Bell __knowledge__ Taco Bell was founded by Glen Bell, who first opened a hot dog stand called Bell's Drive-In in San Bernardino, California in 1946 when he was 23 years old.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ A taco stand or taqueria is a food stall, food cart or restaurant that specializes in tacos and other Mexican dishes.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ The food is typically prepared quickly and tends to be inexpensive.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Many various ingredients may be used, and various taco styles may be served.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Taco stands are an integral part of Mexican street food.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Tacos became a part of traditional Mexican cuisine in the early 20th Century, beginning in Mexico City, as what had been a miner's snack began to be sold on street corners in the city.", "Taco stand __knowledge__ Shops selling tacos have since proliferated throughout Mexico and other areas with a heavy Mexican culinary and cultural influence, including much of the Western United States and most other larger American cities.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ Del Taco is an American fast food restaurant chain which specializes in American-style Mexican cuisine as well as American foods such as burgers, fries, and shakes.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ Del Taco is led by CEO John D. Cappasola, Jr., and is headquartered in Lake Forest, California.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ The first Del Taco restaurant was opened by Ed Hackbarth and David Jameson in Yermo, California, on September 16, 1964.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ On the first day of business, Del Taco made $169.", "Del Taco __knowledge__ Success of the first restaurant led to two in Barstow, one in Needles, and a fifth restaurant in Corona (the first Del Taco with a drive-through window).", "Del Taco __knowledge__ Dick Naugle, who installed the kitchen equipment in the Corona store, was impressed by the design and joined Hackbarth and Jameson in the fledgling business.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos () is an American brand of flavored tortilla chips produced since 1964 by Frito-Lay, a wholly owned subsidiary of PepsiCo.", "Doritos __knowledge__ The original Doritos flavor is Nacho Cheese, though other flavors have since debuted for the company.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos originated in a restaurant at Disneyland.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Doritos has also gained notoriety for its marketing campaigns, including many ads aired during the Super Bowl.", "Doritos __knowledge__ The original product was made at the Casa de Fritos (now Rancho Del Zocalo) at Disneyland in Anaheim, California, during the early 1960s.", "Doritos __knowledge__ Using surplus tortillas and taking the original idea from the traditional Mexican snack known as totopo, the company-owned restaurant cut them up, fried them, and added basic seasoning, resembling the Mexican chilaquiles, but in this case being dry.", "Dan Ryckert __knowledge__ Dan Ryckert (born June 16, 1984 in Olathe, Kansas) is an American video game journalist, producer and writer, known for being an established voice in the video game industry and having an eccentric personality.", "Dan Ryckert __knowledge__ In 2011 \"Complex\" magazine named Ryckert one of the twenty-five \"raddest\" game journalists to follow on Twitter.", "Dan Ryckert __knowledge__ Ryckert has made three non-player character (NPC) appearances in video games; in 2011's \"L.A. Noire\", 2014's \"Infamous Second Son\" and 2017's \"\".", "Dan Ryckert __knowledge__ Joining GameStop's \"Game Informer\" magazine in 2009, becoming senior associate editor, Ryckert reviewed games and made video content for its website.", "Taco Bell chihuahua __knowledge__ Gidget (February 7, 1994 – July 21, 2009), nicknamed the \"Taco Bell Chihuahua\", was an advertising figure and mascot for the Taco Bell restaurant chain from September 1997 to July 2000.", "Taco Bell chihuahua __knowledge__ It was voiced by Carlos Alazraqui, and developed by TBWA.", "Taco Bell chihuahua __knowledge__ The Chihuahua is a breed commonly associated with Mexico.", "Taco Bell chihuahua __knowledge__ At least two dogs were used as models in the commercials.", "Taco Bell chihuahua __knowledge__ The original dog cast for the lead role was named Dinky, but was replaced at the last minute by the director with the Chihuahua that was originally cast as the \"girlfriend\" named Gidget.", "Taco Bell chihuahua __knowledge__ Taco was another Chihuahua and was a stand-in for Gidget.", "2006 North American E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks __knowledge__ In 2006, there were several outbreaks of foodborne illness from spinach and lettuce contaminated by .", "2006 North American E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks __knowledge__ The initial outbreak occurred in September 2006 and its probable origin was an Angus cattle ranch that had leased land to spinach grower (growing under organic practices).", "2006 North American E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks __knowledge__ At least 205 consumer illnesses and 3 deaths have been attributed to the tainted produce.", "2006 North American E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks __knowledge__ In December 2006, Taco Bell restaurants in four Northeastern states emerged as a common link among 71 sickened people across five states, 52 of whom were ultimately confirmed by the Centers for Disease Control to have tested positive the same \"E. coli\" strain.", "Dollar Cravings __knowledge__ Dollar Cravings (or $1 Dollar Cravings) is the value menu of American fast-food restaurant Taco Bell.", "Dollar Cravings __knowledge__ Dollar Cravings was launched August 18, 2014 in reaction to the new McDonald's and Wendy's value/dollar menus.", "Dollar Cravings __knowledge__ The current menu contains 11 food items.", "Dollar Cravings __knowledge__ Dollar Cravings replaced Taco Bell's previous value menu Why Pay More.", "Dollar Cravings __knowledge__ A Taco Bell spokesperson said few of the food items from the Why Pay More menu will remain in Dollar Cravings.", "Dollar Cravings __knowledge__ In March 10, 2016, Taco Bell introduced a breakfast value menu.", "Dollar Cravings __knowledge__ On 26 December 2012, fast food culture site \"Brand Eating\" reported Taco Bell planned to replace their value menu Why Pay More with Dollar Cravings.", "Enchirito __knowledge__ Enchirito () is the trademarked name of Taco Bell's menu item of the Tex-Mex food similar to an enchilada.", "Enchirito __knowledge__ It is composed of a flour tortilla filled with seasoned ground beef taco meat (with options to substitute steak or chicken), beans, diced onions, cheddar cheese, and \"red sauce\".", "Enchirito __knowledge__ There is an unsubstantiated claim that the Enchirito was invented in 1967 by a high school student in Montebello, CA.", "Enchirito __knowledge__ However, a 2008 article published in the Long Beach Press-Telegram claimed that a Cerritos, California based franchise owner named Dan Jones had created the Enchirito.", "Enchirito __knowledge__ In an article published in a Corsicana Daily Sun in 1971, there is a third claim that a Taco Bell franchise owner in Texas was the actual inventor.", "StarLink corn recall __knowledge__ The StarLink corn recalls occurred in the autumn of 2000, when over 300 food products were found to contain a genetically modified corn that had not been approved for human consumption.", "StarLink corn recall __knowledge__ It was the first-ever recall of a genetically modified food.", "StarLink corn recall __knowledge__ The anti-GMO activist coalition Genetically Engineered Food Alert, which detected and first reported the contamination, was critical of the FDA for not doing its job.", "StarLink corn recall __knowledge__ The recall of Taco Bell-branded taco shells, manufactured by Kraft Foods and sold in supermarkets, was the most publicized of the recalls.", "StarLink corn recall __knowledge__ One settlement resulted in $60 million going to Taco Bell franchisees for lost sales due to the damage to the Taco Bell brand." ] ]

[ 2, 15, 11 ]

[ "I looooove a good taco. Doesn't matter if it's made with beef, pork, chicken, seafood, cheese, etc. Delicious.", "Hmm, maybe not. The meat at taco bell leaves me a little wary at times!", "Yeah, taco bell is a lot more tex-mex. I would looooove to try a gator taco though! Sounds so interesting!" ]

[ "Taco", "Taco", "Taco" ]

[ "Exploitation of labour", "Me too! I had this crazy boss that gave me homework every day, i quit tho", "yes, i would like to be my own boss one day, and if i had any workers of my own i would treat them fairly!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Exploitation of labour is the act of treating ones workers unfairly for ones own benefit.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ It is a social relationship based on a fundamental asymmetry in a power relationship between workers and their employers.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ When speaking about exploitation there is a direct affiliation with consumption in social theory.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Traditionally, this would label exploitation as unfairly taking advantage of another person because of his or her inferior position, giving the exploiter the power.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Karl Marx, who is considered the most classical and influential theorist of exploitation, did not share the same traditional account of exploitation.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Marx's theory explicitly rejects the moral framing characteristic of the notion of exploitation, and restricts the concept to the field of labour relations.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ In analyzing exploitation, many political economists are often stuck between the explanation of the exploitation of labour given by Marx and Adam Smith.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Marx's exploitation theory is one of the major elements analyzed in Marxian economics, and some social theorists consider it to be a cornerstone in Marxist thought.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Marx credited the Scottish Enlightenment writers for originally propounding a materialist interpretation of history." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Exploitation of labour is the act of treating ones workers unfairly for ones own benefit.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ It is a social relationship based on a fundamental asymmetry in a power relationship between workers and their employers.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ When speaking about exploitation there is a direct affiliation with consumption in social theory.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Traditionally, this would label exploitation as unfairly taking advantage of another person because of his or her inferior position, giving the exploiter the power.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Karl Marx, who is considered the most classical and influential theorist of exploitation, did not share the same traditional account of exploitation.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Marx's theory explicitly rejects the moral framing characteristic of the notion of exploitation, and restricts the concept to the field of labour relations.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ In analyzing exploitation, many political economists are often stuck between the explanation of the exploitation of labour given by Marx and Adam Smith.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Marx's exploitation theory is one of the major elements analyzed in Marxian economics, and some social theorists consider it to be a cornerstone in Marxist thought.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Marx credited the Scottish Enlightenment writers for originally propounding a materialist interpretation of history.", "List of Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ Orange Is the New Black is an American comedy-drama series created by Jenji Kohan that airs on Netflix.", "List of Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ It is based on Piper Kerman's memoir, \"\", about her experiences in a women's prison.", "List of Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ The series' protagonist is Piper Chapman, a woman sentenced to 15 months in a woman's federal prison for her part in a drug smuggling operation ten years before the start of the first season.", "List of Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ It follows Piper's experiences in and out of prison along with the experiences of a diverse ensemble.", "List of Orange Is the New Black characters __knowledge__ Piper Chapman (played by Taylor Schilling) is a woman who was sentenced to 15 months in Litchfield Penitentiary for helping her former girlfriend Alex Vause smuggle drug money in Europe several years before the first episode.", "Homework in psychotherapy __knowledge__ Homework in psychotherapy is sometimes assigned to patients as part of their treatment.", "Homework in psychotherapy __knowledge__ In this context, homework assignments are introduced to practice skills taught in therapy, encourage patients to apply the skills they learned in therapy to real life situations, and to improve on specific problems encountered in treatment.", "Homework in psychotherapy __knowledge__ For example, a patient with deficits in social skills may learn and rehearse proper social skills in one treatment session, then be asked to complete homework assignments before the next session that apply those newly learned skills (e.g., going to a social engagement or greeting five people each day).", "Homework __knowledge__ Homework, or a homework assignment, is a set of tasks assigned to students by their teachers to be completed outside the class.", "Homework __knowledge__ Common homework assignments may include a quantity or period of reading to be performed, writing or typing to be completed, math problems to be solved, material to be reviewed before a test, or other skills to be practiced.", "Homework __knowledge__ The effect of homework is debated.", "Homework __knowledge__ Generally speaking, homework does not improve academic performance among children and may improve academic skills among older students.", "Homework __knowledge__ It also creates stress for students and their parents and reduces the amount of time that students could spend outdoors, exercising, playing sports, working, sleeping or in other activities.", "Yahoo Beijing Global R&D Center __knowledge__ Yahoo Beijing Global R&D Center was one of the three Yahoo R&D Centers of the world,was founded on June,2009.", "Yahoo Beijing Global R&D Center __knowledge__ The center conducts research in four areas: personalization, advertising, mobile, and cloud computing.", "Yahoo Beijing Global R&D Center __knowledge__ It employs almost 400 full-time researchers and engineers.", "Yahoo Beijing Global R&D Center __knowledge__ The center operates under a mission of PaaS (Platform as a service) through a combination of science and engineering.", "Yahoo Beijing Global R&D Center __knowledge__ The center maintains a research agenda that focuses on four areas: May 19, 2013, \"Yahoo Beijing R&D Hack Day\" is held in Beijing，which is the first \"Hack Day\" of mainland China.", "Yahoo Beijing Global R&D Center __knowledge__ This event attracted thousands of students of key universities in China.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ Before dawn on January 30, 1964, General Nguyễn Khánh ousted the military junta led by General Dương Văn Minh from the leadership of South Vietnam without firing a shot.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ It came less than three months after Minh's junta had themselves come to power in a bloody coup against then President Ngô Đình Diệm.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ The coup was bloodless and took less than a few hours—after power had been seized Minh's aide and bodyguard, Major Nguyễn Văn Nhung was arrested and summarily executed.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ Distrusted by his colleagues because of his tendency to change sides and his reputation as an intriguer, Khánh was assigned to I Corps in the far north of the country after Diệm's overthrow to keep him away from the capital Saigon.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Mỹ Tho () is the capital city, center of economics, education and technology of Tiền Giang Province, located in the Mekong Delta region of South Vietnam.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ It has a population of approximately 169,000 in 2006 and 220,000 in 2012.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ The majority ethnic group is the Kinh, and some of the Chinese, the Cham and the Khmer.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Boat rides on the Mỹ Tho River are popular with tourists, and the city is known for \"hủ tiếu Mỹ Tho\", a type of soup.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Mỹ Tho was founded in the 1680s by Chinese refugees fleeing China, when the entire country became a colony of the Manchu-led Qing Empire in 1683.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ The area, at the time, was once part of the former Khmer Empire and it was annexed to Vietnam in the 18th century.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ United Kingdom labour law regulates the relations between workers, employers and trade unions.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ People at work in the UK benefit from a minimum charter of employment rights, which are found in various Acts, Regulations, common law and equity.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ This includes the right to a minimum wage of £7.50 for over 25-year-olds under the National Minimum Wage Act 1998.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Working Time Regulations 1998 give the right to 28 days paid holidays, breaks from work, and attempts to limit excessively long working hours.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Employment Rights Act 1996 gives the right to leave for child care, and the right to request flexible working patterns.", "Sweatshop __knowledge__ Sweatshop (or sweat factory) is a pejorative term for a workplace that has poor, socially unacceptable working conditions.", "Sweatshop __knowledge__ The work may be difficult, dangerous, climatically challenged or underpaid.", "Sweatshop __knowledge__ Workers in sweatshops may work long hours with low pay, regardless of laws mandating overtime pay or a minimum wage; child labor laws may also be violated.", "Sweatshop __knowledge__ The Fair Labor Association's \"2006 Annual Public Report\" inspected factories for FLA compliance in 18 countries including Bangladesh, El Salvador, Colombia, Guatemala, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, China, India, Vietnam, Honduras, Indonesia, Brazil, Taiwan, Mexico, and the U.S.", "Human trafficking __knowledge__ Human trafficking is the trade of humans for the purpose of forced labour, sexual slavery, or commercial sexual exploitation for the trafficker or others.", "Human trafficking __knowledge__ This may encompass providing a spouse in the context of forced marriage, or the extraction of organs or tissues, including for surrogacy and ova removal.", "Human trafficking __knowledge__ Human trafficking can occur within a country or trans-nationally.", "Human trafficking __knowledge__ Human trafficking is a crime against the person because of the violation of the victim's rights of movement through coercion and because of their commercial exploitation.", "Human trafficking __knowledge__ Human trafficking is the trade in people, especially women and children, and does not necessarily involve the movement of the person from one place to another.", "Trafficking of children __knowledge__ Trafficking of children is a form of human trafficking and is defined as the \"recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, and/or receipt\" of a child for the purpose of slavery, forced labor and exploitation.", "Trafficking of children __knowledge__ This definition is substantially wider than the same document's definition of \"trafficking in persons\".", "Trafficking of children __knowledge__ Children may also be trafficked for the purpose of adoption.", "Trafficking of children __knowledge__ Though statistics regarding the magnitude of child trafficking are difficult to obtain, the International Labour Organization estimates that 1.2 million children are trafficked each year.", "Trafficking of children __knowledge__ The trafficking of children has been internationally recognized as a serious crime that exists in every region of the world and which often has human rights implications.", "Robert Bauval __knowledge__ Robert Bauval (born in Alexandria, Egypt) is a Belgian author, lecturer, and Ancient Egypt researcher, perhaps best known for his Orion Correlation Theory regarding the Giza pyramid complex.", "Robert Bauval __knowledge__ Bauval was born in Alexandria, Egypt, to parents of Belgian and Maltese origins.", "Robert Bauval __knowledge__ He attended the British Boys' School in Alexandria (now El Nasr Boys' School) and the Franciscan College in Buckinghamshire, England.", "Robert Bauval __knowledge__ He left Egypt in 1967 just before the Six-Days War during the presidency of Gamal Abdel Nasser.", "Robert Bauval __knowledge__ He has spent most of his engineering career living and working in the Middle East and Africa as a construction engineer." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Exploitation of labour is the act of treating ones workers unfairly for ones own benefit.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ It is a social relationship based on a fundamental asymmetry in a power relationship between workers and their employers.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ When speaking about exploitation there is a direct affiliation with consumption in social theory.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Traditionally, this would label exploitation as unfairly taking advantage of another person because of his or her inferior position, giving the exploiter the power.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Karl Marx, who is considered the most classical and influential theorist of exploitation, did not share the same traditional account of exploitation.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Marx's theory explicitly rejects the moral framing characteristic of the notion of exploitation, and restricts the concept to the field of labour relations.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ In analyzing exploitation, many political economists are often stuck between the explanation of the exploitation of labour given by Marx and Adam Smith.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Marx's exploitation theory is one of the major elements analyzed in Marxian economics, and some social theorists consider it to be a cornerstone in Marxist thought.", "Exploitation of labour __knowledge__ Marx credited the Scottish Enlightenment writers for originally propounding a materialist interpretation of history.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial of Conrad Murray (People of the State of California v. Conrad Robert Murray) was the American criminal trial of Michael Jackson's personal physician, Conrad Murray, who was charged with involuntary manslaughter for the pop singer's death on June 25, 2009, from a massive overdose of the general anesthetic propofol.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The trial, which started on September 27, 2011, was held in the Los Angeles County Superior Court in Los Angeles, California, before Judge Michael Pastor and it was televised.", "California v. Murray __knowledge__ The prosecutors in the case (David Walgren and Deborah Brazil, both Los Angeles deputy district attorneys), in their opening statement, told jurors: \"misplaced trust in the hands of Murray cost Jackson his life\".", "Pinks __knowledge__ Pinks is a franchise series of television programs on SPEED TV based on street racing, held at legal closed drag strips with a theme around drag racing.", "Pinks __knowledge__ The original aired from 2005 to 2008, with the spinoff Pinks: All Out following in 2006 until 2010.", "Pinks __knowledge__ The name of the show, and the tagline \"Lose the race - lose your ride\", refer to common slang of \"pink slips\" representing a vehicle's title document recording ownership, and the derivative street-racing phrase, \"racing for pinks,\" meaning a race in which the winner earns the loser's car.", "Pinks __knowledge__ (In California, until recently, the vehicle title was on a pink slip of paper.)", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics __knowledge__ The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) is a union of wage workers which was formed in Chicago in 1905 by militant unionists and their supporters due to anger over the conservatism, philosophy, and craft-based structure of the American Federation of Labor (AFL).", "Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics __knowledge__ Throughout the early part of the Twentieth century the philosophy and tactics of the Industrial Workers of the World were frequently in direct conflict with those of the American Federation of Labor (forerunner of the AFL-CIO) concerning the best ways to organize workers, and how to best improve the society in which they toiled.", "Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics __knowledge__ The AFL had one guiding principle—\"pure and simple trade unionism\", often summarized with the slogan \"a fair day's pay for a fair day's work.\"", "Gabe Lewis __knowledge__ Gabriel Susan \"Gabe\" Lewis (born in 1982) is a fictional character on the U.S. comedy television series \"The Office\" portrayed by Zach Woods.", "Gabe Lewis __knowledge__ He is an original character and has no counterpart in the British version of the series.", "Gabe Lewis __knowledge__ He first appears in the sixth season, where he is the Coordinating Director of Emerging Regions for the Sabre Corporate headquarters in Florida.", "Gabe Lewis __knowledge__ Towards the end of Season 6, he is assigned to overlook the recently acquired Dunder Mifflin Scranton branch (the most profitable of all the branches).", "Gabe Lewis __knowledge__ At the end of the seventh season, CEO Jo Bennett decides to reassign him back to Florida, due to his personal issues within the office, over his breakup with receptionist Erin Hannon.", "History of cartography __knowledge__ Cartography, or mapmaking, has been an integral part of the human history for thousands of years.", "History of cartography __knowledge__ From cave paintings to ancient maps of Babylon, Greece, and Asia, through the Age of Exploration, and on into the 21st century, people have created and used maps as essential tools to help them define, explain, and navigate their way through the world.", "History of cartography __knowledge__ Maps began as two-dimensional drawings but can also adopt three-dimensional shapes (globes, models) and be stored in purely numerical forms.", "History of cartography __knowledge__ The term \"cartography\" is modern, loaned into English from French \"cartographie\" in the 1840s, based on Middle Latin \"carta\" \"map\".", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ United Kingdom labour law regulates the relations between workers, employers and trade unions.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ People at work in the UK benefit from a minimum charter of employment rights, which are found in various Acts, Regulations, common law and equity.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ This includes the right to a minimum wage of £7.50 for over 25-year-olds under the National Minimum Wage Act 1998.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Working Time Regulations 1998 give the right to 28 days paid holidays, breaks from work, and attempts to limit excessively long working hours.", "United Kingdom labour law __knowledge__ The Employment Rights Act 1996 gives the right to leave for child care, and the right to request flexible working patterns.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Guided tour puzzle protocol __knowledge__ Guided tour puzzle (GTP) protocol is a cryptographic protocol for mitigating application layer denial of service attacks.", "Guided tour puzzle protocol __knowledge__ It aims to overcome the shortcoming of computation-based puzzle protocols, in which clients are required to compute hard CPU or memory-bound puzzles that favor clients with abundant computational resources.", "Guided tour puzzle protocol __knowledge__ Guided tour puzzle protocol can be seen as a form of proof-of-work (POW) protocol.", "Guided tour puzzle protocol __knowledge__ The protocol steps of the guided tour puzzle protocol is similar to that of client puzzle protocol.", "Guided tour puzzle protocol __knowledge__ All clients are required to complete a guided tour puzzle prior to receiving service from the server, if the server suspects it is currently under denial of service attack or its load exceeds a pre-defined threshold.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, age of consent laws regarding sexual activity are made at the state level.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ There are several federal statutes related to protecting minors from sexual predators, but laws regarding specific age requirements for sexual consent are left to individual states, territories, and the District of Columbia.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ Depending on the jurisdiction, legal age of consent ranges from 16 to 18 years old.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ In some places, civil and criminal laws within the same state conflict with each other.", "Ages of consent in the United States __knowledge__ While the general age of consent is now set between 16 and 18 in all U.S. states, the age of consent has widely varied across the country in the past.", "Empathy __knowledge__ Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within the other person's frame of reference, i.e., the capacity to place oneself in another's position.", "Empathy __knowledge__ There are many definitions for empathy that encompass a broad range of emotional states.", "Empathy __knowledge__ Types of empathy include cognitive empathy, emotional empathy, and empathy.", "Empathy __knowledge__ The English word \"empathy\" is derived from the Ancient Greek word εμπάθεια (\"empatheia\", meaning \"physical affection or passion\").", "Empathy __knowledge__ This, in turn, comes from εν (\"en\", \"in, at\") and πάθος (\"pathos\", \"passion\" or \"suffering\").", "Empathy __knowledge__ The term was adapted by Hermann Lotze and Robert Vischer to create the German word \"Einfühlung\" (\"feeling into\"), which was translated by Edward B. Titchener into the English term empathy.", "Assisted suicide __knowledge__ Assisted suicide is suicide committed with the aid of another person, sometimes a physician.", "Assisted suicide __knowledge__ The term is often used interchangeably with physician-assisted suicide (PAS), which involves a doctor \"knowingly and intentionally providing a person with the knowledge or means or both required to commit suicide, including counseling about lethal doses of drugs, prescribing such lethal doses or supplying the drugs.\"", "Assisted suicide __knowledge__ Canada, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Switzerland allow physicians to physically assist in the death of patients.", "Assisted suicide __knowledge__ In the United States, six states allow medical aid in dying, a legal practice in which a person who has been diagnosed as terminally ill with 6 months or less to live can request a lethal dose of a medication to self-administer in order to end their life.", "Law of succession in South Africa __knowledge__ The manner in which assets are distributed depends on whether the deceased has left a valid will or other valid document containing testamentary provisions, such as an antenuptial contract.", "Law of succession in South Africa __knowledge__ If the deceased has not left a valid will or valid document containing testamentary provisions, the deceased dies intestate; similarly, if the deceased leaves a valid will which does not dispose of all property, there is an intestacy as to the portion not disposed of.", "Law of succession in South Africa __knowledge__ In the event of intestacy, the assets are distributed in a definite order of preference among the heirs, as stipulated by the Intestate Succession Act." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 57 ]

[ "The exploitation of labour is when workers are treated unfairly. I've been there before!", "Yeah it's like some people unfairly take advantage of another person because of their lower position.", "I would too! We have empathy that's why. We understand or feel what another person is experiencing." ]

[ "Exploitation of labour", "Exploitation of labour", "Exploitation of labour" ]

[ "Breakfast", "I absolutely love breakfast! I love having a fresh plate of fried eggs, over easy.", "That is! What a strange origin. I guess because it's the first meal of the day? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ It was not until the 15th century that “breakfast” came into use in written English to describe a morning meal, which literally means to break the fasting period of the prior night; in Old English the term was \"morgenmete\" meaning \"morning meal.\"", "Breakfast __knowledge__ While breakfast is commonly referred to as \"the most important meal of the day\", particularly for children, some epidemiological research indicates that having breakfast high in rapidly available carbohydrates increases the risk of metabolic syndrome.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Present professional opinion is largely in favor of eating breakfast, but some contest the positive implications of its \"most important\" status." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ It was not until the 15th century that “breakfast” came into use in written English to describe a morning meal, which literally means to break the fasting period of the prior night; in Old English the term was \"morgenmete\" meaning \"morning meal.\"", "Breakfast __knowledge__ While breakfast is commonly referred to as \"the most important meal of the day\", particularly for children, some epidemiological research indicates that having breakfast high in rapidly available carbohydrates increases the risk of metabolic syndrome.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Present professional opinion is largely in favor of eating breakfast, but some contest the positive implications of its \"most important\" status.", "Fried egg __knowledge__ A fried egg is a cooked dish commonly made using a fresh hen's egg, fried whole with minimal accompaniment.", "Fried egg __knowledge__ Fried eggs are traditionally eaten for breakfast in English-speaking countries but may also be served at other times of the day.", "Fried egg __knowledge__ Fried eggs (') are a crucial part of such traditional German dishes as ' (the egg is fried on one side with an unbroken yolk, and served \"sunny side up\" atop an open ham sandwich) or ' / ' / \"Fernfahrerschnitzel\" (\"trucker's schnitzel\") – a similarly prepared fried egg served on a \"\".", "Fried egg __knowledge__ Fried eggs over (or side-by-side with) pan-fried potatoes is another common dish, sometimes served with spinach as a third component of the meal.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Cooking bananas are banana cultivars in the genus \"Musa\" whose fruits are generally used in cooking.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ They may be eaten while ripe or unripe and are generally starchy.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Some cooking bananas are also referred to as green bananas or plantains.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ ( , ) The term \"plantain\" is loosely applied to any banana cultivar that is eaten when cooked.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ However, there is no formal botanical distinction between bananas and plantains.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Cooking is also a matter of custom, rather than necessity.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Ripe plantains can be eaten raw, since the starches are converted to sugars as they ripen.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ In some countries, there may be a clear distinction between plantains and bananas, but in other countries, where many more cultivars are consumed, the distinction is not made in the common names used.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Full breakfast __knowledge__ A full breakfast is a breakfast meal that typically includes bacon, sausages, eggs and a beverage such as coffee or tea.", "Full breakfast __knowledge__ It comes in different regional variants and is referred to by different names depending on the area; however, it is colloquially known as a “fry up” in all areas.", "Full breakfast __knowledge__ It is usually referred to as a \"full English breakfast\" in England (often shortened to \"full English\"), and therefore, as a \"full Irish\", \"full Scottish\", \"full Welsh\", and the \"Ulster fry\" in the Republic of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, respectively.", "Full breakfast __knowledge__ It is especially popular in the British Isles to such an extent that many cafés and pubs offer the meal at any time of day as an \"all-day breakfast\".", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "History of breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal taken after rising from a night's sleep, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "History of breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "History of breakfast __knowledge__ It was not until the 15th century that “breakfast” came into use in written English to describe a morning meal, which literally means to break the fasting period of the prior night; in Old English the term was \"morgenmete\" meaning \"morning meal.\"", "History of breakfast __knowledge__ From archeological evidence at Neolithic sites we know that there was an early reliance on cereal grains once agriculture had begun.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Meal __knowledge__ A meal is an eating occasion that takes place at a certain time and includes prepared food, or the food eaten on that occasion.", "Meal __knowledge__ The names used for specific meals in English vary greatly, depending on the speaker's culture, the time of day, or the size of the meal.", "Meal __knowledge__ Meals occur primarily at homes, restaurants, and cafeterias, but may occur anywhere.", "Meal __knowledge__ Regular meals occur on a daily basis, typically several times a day.", "Meal __knowledge__ Special meals are usually held in conjunction with such occasions as birthdays, weddings, anniversaries, and holidays.", "Meal __knowledge__ A meal is different from a snack in that meals are generally larger, more varied, and more filling than snacks." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ It was not until the 15th century that “breakfast” came into use in written English to describe a morning meal, which literally means to break the fasting period of the prior night; in Old English the term was \"morgenmete\" meaning \"morning meal.\"", "Breakfast __knowledge__ While breakfast is commonly referred to as \"the most important meal of the day\", particularly for children, some epidemiological research indicates that having breakfast high in rapidly available carbohydrates increases the risk of metabolic syndrome.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Present professional opinion is largely in favor of eating breakfast, but some contest the positive implications of its \"most important\" status.", "History of breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal taken after rising from a night's sleep, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "History of breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "History of breakfast __knowledge__ It was not until the 15th century that “breakfast” came into use in written English to describe a morning meal, which literally means to break the fasting period of the prior night; in Old English the term was \"morgenmete\" meaning \"morning meal.\"", "History of breakfast __knowledge__ From archeological evidence at Neolithic sites we know that there was an early reliance on cereal grains once agriculture had begun.", "Meal __knowledge__ A meal is an eating occasion that takes place at a certain time and includes prepared food, or the food eaten on that occasion.", "Meal __knowledge__ The names used for specific meals in English vary greatly, depending on the speaker's culture, the time of day, or the size of the meal.", "Meal __knowledge__ Meals occur primarily at homes, restaurants, and cafeterias, but may occur anywhere.", "Meal __knowledge__ Regular meals occur on a daily basis, typically several times a day.", "Meal __knowledge__ Special meals are usually held in conjunction with such occasions as birthdays, weddings, anniversaries, and holidays.", "Meal __knowledge__ A meal is different from a snack in that meals are generally larger, more varied, and more filling than snacks.", "Meals on Wheels __knowledge__ Meals on Wheels is a program that delivers meals to individuals at home who are unable to purchase or prepare their own meals.", "Meals on Wheels __knowledge__ The name is often used generically to refer to home-delivered meals programs, not all of which are actually named \"Meals on Wheels\".", "Meals on Wheels __knowledge__ Because they are housebound, many of the recipients are the elderly, and many of the volunteers are also elderly but able-bodied and able to drive automobiles.", "Meals on Wheels __knowledge__ Research shows that home-delivered meal programs significantly improve diet quality, increase nutrient intakes, reduce food insecurity and improve quality-of-life among the recipients.", "Jonny Venters __knowledge__ Jonathan William Venters (born March 20, 1985) is an American professional baseball relief pitcher in the Tampa Bay Rays organization.", "Jonny Venters __knowledge__ Venters attended high school at Lake Brantley High School.", "Jonny Venters __knowledge__ He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Atlanta Braves.", "Jonny Venters __knowledge__ Venters was drafted by the Atlanta Braves in the 30th round of the 2003 Major League Baseball Draft.", "Jonny Venters __knowledge__ He began his professional career with the Rookie League GCL Braves in 2004.", "Jonny Venters __knowledge__ During the 2004 season in the Rookie League, Venters started 8 games making 11 appearances total going 1-6 with a 5.74 ERA and 3 saves.", "Jonny Venters __knowledge__ In 2005, Venters was promoted to the Class-A Rome Braves.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods.", "Early modern European cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisine of early modern Europe (c. 1500–1800) was a mix of dishes inherited from medieval cuisine combined with innovations that would persist in the modern era.", "Early modern European cuisine __knowledge__ Though there was a great influx of new ideas, an increase in foreign trade and a scientific revolution, preservation of foods remained traditional: preserved by drying, salting and smoking or pickling in vinegar.", "Early modern European cuisine __knowledge__ Fare was naturally dependent on the season: a cookbook by Domenico Romoli called \"Panunto\" made a virtue of necessity by including a recipe for each day of the year.", "Early modern European cuisine __knowledge__ The discovery of the New World, the establishment of new trade routes with Asia and increased foreign influences from sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East meant that Europeans became familiarized with a multitude of new foodstuffs.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Fasting is a willing abstinence or reduction from some or all food, drink, or both, for a period of time.", "Fasting __knowledge__ An absolute fast or dry fasting is normally defined as abstinence from all food and liquid for a defined period, usually a period of 24 hours, or a number of days.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Water fasting allows drinking water but nothing else.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Other fasts may be partially restrictive, limiting only particular foods or substances.", "Fasting __knowledge__ A fast may also be intermittent in nature.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Fasting practices may preclude intercourse and other activities as well as food.", "Fasting __knowledge__ In a physiological context, fasting may refer to the metabolic status of a person who has not eaten overnight, or to the metabolic state achieved after complete digestion and absorption of a meal.", "Shrove Tuesday __knowledge__ Shrove Tuesday (also known in Commonwealth countries and Ireland as Pancake Tuesday or Pancake day) is the day in February or March immediately preceding Ash Wednesday (the first day of Lent), which is celebrated in some countries by consuming pancakes.", "Shrove Tuesday __knowledge__ In others, especially those where it is called Mardi Gras or some translation thereof, this is a carnival day, and also the last day of \"fat eating\" or \"gorging\" before the fasting period of Lent.", "Shrove Tuesday __knowledge__ This moveable feast is determined by Easter.", "Shrove Tuesday __knowledge__ The expression \"Shrove Tuesday\" comes from the word \"shrive\", meaning \"absolve\".", "Shrove Tuesday __knowledge__ Shrove Tuesday is observed by many Christians, including Anglicans, Lutherans, Methodists and Roman Catholics, who \"make a special point of self-examination, of considering what wrongs they need to repent, and what amendments of life or areas of spiritual growth they especially need to ask God's help in dealing with.\"", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ The Eastern Orthodox Church, also known as the Orthodox Church, or officially as the Orthodox Catholic Church, is the second-largest Christian Church, with over 250 million members.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ As one of the oldest religious institutions in the world, it has played a prominent role in the history and culture of Eastern Europe, Greece (including Anatolia), the Caucasus, and the Near East.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ A communion of autocephalous churches (″jurisdictions″, or national churches), each typically governed by its own Holy Synod, its bishops are equal by virtue of ordination, with doctrines summarised in the Nicene Creed.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ The Church has no central doctrinal or governance authority analogous to the Roman Catholic Church's pope; however, the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is recognised by all as primus inter pares of the bishops, and the Church of Constantinople, since the Great Schism of 1054, enjoys precedence and certain prerogatives.", "Carnival __knowledge__ Carnival (see other spellings and names) is a Western Christian festive season that occurs before the liturgical season of Lent.", "Carnival __knowledge__ The main events typically occur during February or early March, during the period historically known as Shrovetide (or Pre-Lent).", "Carnival __knowledge__ Carnival typically involves a public celebration or parade combining some elements of a circus, masks, and a public street party.", "Carnival __knowledge__ People wear masks and costumes during many such celebrations, allowing them to lose their everyday individuality and experience a heightened sense of social unity.", "Carnival __knowledge__ Excessive consumption of alcohol, meat, and other foods proscribed during Lent is extremely common." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 6 ]

[ "Breakfast is my favorite meal of the day! There's something really wonderful about bacon early in the morning before starting work. Do you like breakfast?", "Oh me too! With pancakes also! The word breakfast actually refers to \"breaking the fasting\" period of the previous night! Isn't that interesting?", "Yes, and also thought to be the most important meal of the day! Especially for kids! " ]

[ "Breakfast", "Breakfast", "Breakfast" ]

[ "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)", "Whats the movie about?", "Why is the name last of the mohicans? Sounds like its about Native Indians." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans is a 1992 American epic historical drama, set in 1757 during the French and Indian War.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was directed by Michael Mann, based on James Fenimore Cooper's eponymous 1826 novel and George B. Seitz's 1936 film adaptation, owing more to the latter than the novel.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The film stars Daniel Day-Lewis, Madeleine Stowe, and Jodhi May, with Russell Means, Wes Studi, Eric Schweig, and Steven Waddington in supporting roles.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was produced by Morgan Creek Pictures.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The soundtrack features music by Trevor Jones and Randy Edelman, and the song \"I Will Find You\" by Clannad.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The main theme of the film is taken from the tune \"The Gael\" by Scottish singer-songwriter Dougie MacLean.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Released on September 25, 1992 in the United States, \"The Last of the Mohicans\" was met with nearly universal praise from critics and commercial success during its box-office run.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in 1757, during the French and Indian War in the Adirondack Mountains, in the British colony of New York.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ British Army Major Duncan Heyward arrives in Albany.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ He has been sent to serve under Colonel Edmund Munro, the commander of Fort William Henry.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Heyward is given the task of escorting the colonel’s two daughters, Cora and Alice, to their father." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans is a 1992 American epic historical drama, set in 1757 during the French and Indian War.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was directed by Michael Mann, based on James Fenimore Cooper's eponymous 1826 novel and George B. Seitz's 1936 film adaptation, owing more to the latter than the novel.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The film stars Daniel Day-Lewis, Madeleine Stowe, and Jodhi May, with Russell Means, Wes Studi, Eric Schweig, and Steven Waddington in supporting roles.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was produced by Morgan Creek Pictures.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The soundtrack features music by Trevor Jones and Randy Edelman, and the song \"I Will Find You\" by Clannad.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The main theme of the film is taken from the tune \"The Gael\" by Scottish singer-songwriter Dougie MacLean.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Released on September 25, 1992 in the United States, \"The Last of the Mohicans\" was met with nearly universal praise from critics and commercial success during its box-office run.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in 1757, during the French and Indian War in the Adirondack Mountains, in the British colony of New York.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ British Army Major Duncan Heyward arrives in Albany.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ He has been sent to serve under Colonel Edmund Munro, the commander of Fort William Henry.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Heyward is given the task of escorting the colonel’s two daughters, Cora and Alice, to their father.", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ The Karnataka Quiz Association (or KQA) was founded in 1983 by the late Wing Commander G.R.Mulky, Deepak Murdeshwar, Rajeev Gowda, Thomas Uthup, K.N.Mahabala, Thribhuvan Kumar, P.Raju and Jagadish Raja is a non-profit association devoted to popularizing the mindsport among students and the general public in Bangalore and beyond.", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ Contests are held regularly in the following categories: Middle School, High School, Junior College, College, and Open-to-all.", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ In addition, specialist quizzes in the areas of Literature, Entertainment, Music, Art, Comics and Business are held every year.", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ The KQA holds events in English and Kannada.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ WHATS'On is a professional scheduling software package for broadcasting companies, created by the Belgian company MediaGeniX.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ Since 2013 Dirk Debraekeleer is the CEO of this company.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ The software was first created for the Vlaamse Televisie Maatschappij in 1992 as a scheduling system for linear TV.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ In 1999 the system was extended to include radio scheduling.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ Version 20 of the package includes video on demand, video streaming, podcasting and theme channel support.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ WHATS'On includes support for revenue share licence agreements and it introduces the first fully embedded workflow engine that will further optimize the data flow between Digital asset managementsystems, play-out suites and finance systems.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ Jean Ray Laury (March 22, 1928 – March 2, 2011) was an American academically trained artist and designer.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ She was one of the first fine artists to move to quilting as a medium of choice in the late 1950s.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ Her quilts followed neither traditional method nor pattern; they were bold, modern, colorful collages, often laced with humor and satire.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ Penning over twenty books and teaching over 2,000 workshops, Laury helped women see the creative possibilities in everyday objects and awake their sense of inspiration.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ Laury has been called a “foremother of a quilt revival”, and “one of the pioneers” of non-traditional quilts.", "G. S. Unnikrishnan Nair __knowledge__ G. S. Unni Krishnan Nair (born 1964 at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala) is Deputy Director of Agriculture in Department of Agriculture, Kerala and a Malayalam Writer.", "G. S. Unnikrishnan Nair __knowledge__ He is a graduate in Agriculture with Post Graduation in Journalism and Mass Communication and has undergone training in video production and farm journalism at EEI, Hyderabad.", "G. S. Unnikrishnan Nair __knowledge__ https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NSFF2015.JPG&action=edit&redlink=1 G.S.Unni Krishnan is a popular science writer, science fiction writer, children’s writer, farm journalist Science film maker and novelist in Malayalam.", "G. S. Unnikrishnan Nair __knowledge__ He contributes articles and features regularly in Malayalam and English dailies and magazines since 1986.", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ The Medic Droid was an American synthpop band from Phoenix, Arizona.", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ The Medic Droid was started in 2005 with Chris Donathon, Hector Bagnod and Johnny Chavez (Droid).", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ Bagnod and Donathon first met in 2003, but Donathon moved away from the city after they met, only to return (and begin the band) a few years later.", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ The group gained a strong initial following through the social networking site Myspace; by mid-2008 the song \"Fer Sure\" had logged almost 2 million plays on the site and the group had accumulated over 100,000 friends there.", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ Soon they were noticed by manager Avery Andon who brought the band to New York where they played their first live show opening for Enter Shikari at The Bowery Ballroom and caught the eye of A&R's from Epic Records who would later go on to sign the band.", "Herbs (band) __knowledge__ Herbs are a multi-cultural New Zealand reggae group, which since its foundation has featured Samoans, Tongans, Cook Islanders and Maori members.", "Herbs (band) __knowledge__ 11th inductee into the New Zealand Music Hall of Fame, they formed in 1979, and were once described as \"New Zealand's most soulful, heartfelt and consistent contemporary musical voice\".", "Herbs (band) __knowledge__ It has been said their debut EP \"Whats' Be Happen?\"", "Herbs (band) __knowledge__ \"set a standard for Pacific reggae which has arguably never been surpassed\".", "Herbs (band) __knowledge__ The band has always been political, with links to the Polynesian Panthers and the cover of \"Whats' Be Happen\" (released during the 1981 Springbok tour) being an aerial photo of police action at Bastion Point in 1978.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ Katherine Kingsley (born 24 December 1981) is an English actress.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ Born and raised in Cambridge and schooled at Parkside Community College and Long Road Sixth Form College, Kingsley moved to London to study with the English National Opera's \"The Knack\", before studying acting at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School Kingsley is a three time Olivier Award Nominee.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ She has performed in iconic venues such as the Donmar Warehouse and the Menier Chocolate Factory, as well as the Chichester Theatre and many other West End venues.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ She has received critical praise for her turn as Marlene Dietrich in the Donmar production of \"Piaf\", which led to an Olivier nomination in 2009.", "KFXL-TV __knowledge__ KFXL-TV, virtual channel 51 (UHF digital channel 15), is a Fox-affiliated television station licensed to Lincoln, Nebraska, United States.", "KFXL-TV __knowledge__ The station is owned by the Sinclair Broadcast Group as part of a duopoly with Kearney-licensed KHGI-TV (channel 13), the ABC affiliate for the western portion of the Lincoln–Hastings–Kearney market.", "KFXL-TV __knowledge__ KFXL's transmitter is located on Industrial Avenue in northern Lincoln.", "KFXL-TV __knowledge__ The two stations share studios on Nebraska Highway 44 in Axtell, about south of Kearney.", "KFXL-TV __knowledge__ The KFXL signal is simulcast on the digital subchannels of most of the KHGI/NTV network stations, bringing KFXL programming to the western half of the Lincoln–Hastings–Kearney market and parts of the North Platte market.", "KTVG-TV __knowledge__ KTVG-TV was the Fox affiliate for most of south-central Nebraska, licensed to serve Grand Island.", "KTVG-TV __knowledge__ Prior to June 2009, the station, along with KSNB-TV in Superior, were identified on-air as Nebraska Fox 4 & 17.", "KTVG-TV __knowledge__ Beginning June 12, 2009, the stations were simulcast with KFXL-TV in Lincoln, Nebraska.", "KTVG-TV __knowledge__ As of mid-August 2009, KFXL became the main station, and the entire network was rebranded as KFXL, Fox Nebraska.", "KTVG-TV __knowledge__ KSNB left the air in December 2009 (though it has since resumed operations as a separately-operated NBC and MyNetworkTV affiliate) and KTVG soon followed in April 2010, leaving KFXL as the market's Fox station.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The American Epic Sessions is a documentary film in which an engineer restores the fabled long-lost first electrical sound recording system from 1925, and twenty contemporary artists pay tribute to the momentous machine by attempting to record songs on it for the first time in 80 years.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The film was directed and co-written by Bernard MacMahon and stars Nas, Alabama Shakes, Elton John, Willie Nelson, Merle Haggard, Jack White, Taj Mahal, Ana Gabriel, Pokey LaFarge, Beck, Ashley Monroe and Steve Martin.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The film employed a diverse line-up of performers both ethnically and musically to represent the breadth of cultures that were first given a national platform through the invention of this recording machine.", "American Epic: The Collection __knowledge__ American Epic: The Collection is a 100-track, 5-CD box set of American roots music performances from the 1920s and 1930s.", "American Epic: The Collection __knowledge__ It was compiled by film director Bernard MacMahon to accompany the release of his \"American Epic\" documentary film series.", "American Epic: The Collection __knowledge__ The box features 100 songs by 100 different artists and has been acclaimed by many critics as being the best box set of its kind ever to be released and a worthy successor to the \"Anthology of American Folk Music.\"", "American Epic: The Collection __knowledge__ The box set won particular acclaim for the song selection and the sound quality of the transfers of vintage 78rpm records.", "American Epic: The Collection __knowledge__ The American Epic collection was conceived by director Bernard MacMahon during the ten years of research preparing the \"American Epic\" documentary series.", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ Ben-Hur is a 1959 American epic historical drama film, directed by William Wyler, produced by Sam Zimbalist for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and starring Charlton Heston as the title character.", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ A remake of , \"Ben-Hur\" was adapted from Lew Wallace's 1880 novel \"\".", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ The screenplay is credited to Karl Tunberg, but includes contributions from Maxwell Anderson, S. N. Behrman, Gore Vidal, and Christopher Fry.", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ \"Ben-Hur\" had the largest budget ($15.175 million), as well as the largest sets built, of any film produced at the time.", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ Costume designer Elizabeth Haffenden oversaw a staff of 100 wardrobe fabricators to make the costumes, and a workshop employing 200 artists and workmen provided the hundreds of friezes and statues needed in the film.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans: A Narrative of 1757 (1826) is a historical novel by James Fenimore Cooper.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ It is the second book of the \"Leatherstocking Tales\" pentalogy and the best known to contemporary audiences.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ \"The Pathfinder\", published 14 years later in 1840, is its sequel.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ \"The Last of the Mohicans\" is set in 1757, during the French and Indian War (the Seven Years' War), when France and Great Britain battled for control of North America.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ During this war, both the French and the British used Native American allies, but the French were particularly dependent, as they were outnumbered in the Northeast frontier areas by the more numerous British colonists." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans is a 1992 American epic historical drama, set in 1757 during the French and Indian War.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was directed by Michael Mann, based on James Fenimore Cooper's eponymous 1826 novel and George B. Seitz's 1936 film adaptation, owing more to the latter than the novel.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The film stars Daniel Day-Lewis, Madeleine Stowe, and Jodhi May, with Russell Means, Wes Studi, Eric Schweig, and Steven Waddington in supporting roles.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ It was produced by Morgan Creek Pictures.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The soundtrack features music by Trevor Jones and Randy Edelman, and the song \"I Will Find You\" by Clannad.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The main theme of the film is taken from the tune \"The Gael\" by Scottish singer-songwriter Dougie MacLean.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Released on September 25, 1992 in the United States, \"The Last of the Mohicans\" was met with nearly universal praise from critics and commercial success during its box-office run.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ The story takes place in 1757, during the French and Indian War in the Adirondack Mountains, in the British colony of New York.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ British Army Major Duncan Heyward arrives in Albany.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ He has been sent to serve under Colonel Edmund Munro, the commander of Fort William Henry.", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) __knowledge__ Heyward is given the task of escorting the colonel’s two daughters, Cora and Alice, to their father.", "Contemporary Native American issues in the United States __knowledge__ Contemporary Native American issues in the United States are issues arising in the late 20th century and early 21st century which affect Native Americans in the United States.", "Contemporary Native American issues in the United States __knowledge__ A little over one third of the 2,786,652 Native Americans in the United States live in three states: California at 413,382, Arizona at 294,137 and Oklahoma at 279,559.", "Contemporary Native American issues in the United States __knowledge__ 70% of Native Americans lived in urban areas in 2012, up from 45% in 1970 and 8% in 1940.", "Contemporary Native American issues in the United States __knowledge__ Urban areas with significant Native American populations included Minneapolis, Denver, Phoenix, Tucson, Chicago, Oklahoma City, Houston, New York City, and Rapid City.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Native Americans, also known as American Indians, Indians, Indigenous Americans and other terms, are the indigenous peoples of the United States.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ There are over 500 federally recognized tribes within the U.S., about half of which are associated with Indian reservations.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ The term excludes Native Hawaiians and some Alaska Natives.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ The ancestors of modern Native Americans arrived in what is now the United States at least 15,000 years ago, possibly much longer, from Asia through Beringia.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ A vast variety of peoples, societies and cultures subsequently developed.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Native Americans were greatly affected by the European colonization of the Americas, which began in 1492, and their population declined precipitously due to introduced diseases, warfare, and slavery.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ The Last of the Mohicans: A Narrative of 1757 (1826) is a historical novel by James Fenimore Cooper.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ It is the second book of the \"Leatherstocking Tales\" pentalogy and the best known to contemporary audiences.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ \"The Pathfinder\", published 14 years later in 1840, is its sequel.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ \"The Last of the Mohicans\" is set in 1757, during the French and Indian War (the Seven Years' War), when France and Great Britain battled for control of North America.", "The Last of the Mohicans __knowledge__ During this war, both the French and the British used Native American allies, but the French were particularly dependent, as they were outnumbered in the Northeast frontier areas by the more numerous British colonists.", "Massachusett __knowledge__ The Massachusett are a Native American people who historically lived in areas surrounding Massachusetts Bay, as well as northeast and southern Massachusetts in what is now the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, including present-day Greater Boston.", "Massachusett __knowledge__ Tribal members spoke the Massachusett language, which is part of the Algonquian language family.", "Massachusett __knowledge__ The present-day U.S state of Massachusetts is named after the tribe.", "Massachusett __knowledge__ The name Massachusett means “people of the great hills”, referring to the Blue Hills south of Boston Harbor.", "Massachusett __knowledge__ As one of the first groups of indigenous American peoples to encounter English colonists, the Massachusett experienced a rapid decline in population in the 17th and 18th centuries due to new infectious diseases.", "Rhode Island Royal Charter __knowledge__ The Rhode Island Royal Charter was a document providing royal recognition to the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, approved by England's King Charles II in July 1663.", "Rhode Island Royal Charter __knowledge__ It outlined many freedoms for the inhabitants of that colony and was the guiding document of the government of Rhode Island over a period of 180 years.", "Rhode Island Royal Charter __knowledge__ It was the oldest constitutional charter in the world at the time of its retirement in 1843.", "Rhode Island Royal Charter __knowledge__ The charter contains unique provisions which make it significantly different from the charters granted to the other English colonies.", "Rhode Island Royal Charter __knowledge__ It gave the colonists freedom to elect their own governor and write their own laws, within very broad guidelines, and also stipulated that no person residing in the colony could be \"molested, punished, disquieted, or called in question for any differences in opinion in matters of religion.\"", "Redskin (slang) __knowledge__ \"Redskin\" is a slang term referring to Native Americans in the United States.", "Redskin (slang) __knowledge__ The use of skin color as racial identifiers emerged at the beginning of the 18th century, with white, red, and black becoming widespread only in the latter part of the century.", "Redskin (slang) __knowledge__ The origins of identifying Native Americans as \"red\" is debated, since early European explorers did not describe Natives as having a natural skin color different than themselves, but attributed differences in coloration to such practices as the use of pigments.", "Redskin (slang) __knowledge__ The self-identification of some tribes as red, including \"red-skins\" may have had cultural rather than racial origins.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ The American Indian Wars, or Indian Wars is the collective name for the various armed conflicts fought by European governments and colonists, and later American governments or their settlers, against the native peoples of North America.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ These conflicts occurred within the current boundaries of the United States and sometimes Canada from the time of the earliest colonial settlements in the 16th century until the 1920s.", "American Indian Wars __knowledge__ The Indian Wars resulted from competition for resources and land ownership as Europeans and later Americans encroached onto territory which had been traditionally inhabited by Native Americans.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The American Epic Sessions is a documentary film in which an engineer restores the fabled long-lost first electrical sound recording system from 1925, and twenty contemporary artists pay tribute to the momentous machine by attempting to record songs on it for the first time in 80 years.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The film was directed and co-written by Bernard MacMahon and stars Nas, Alabama Shakes, Elton John, Willie Nelson, Merle Haggard, Jack White, Taj Mahal, Ana Gabriel, Pokey LaFarge, Beck, Ashley Monroe and Steve Martin.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The film employed a diverse line-up of performers both ethnically and musically to represent the breadth of cultures that were first given a national platform through the invention of this recording machine.", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ Ben-Hur is a 1959 American epic historical drama film, directed by William Wyler, produced by Sam Zimbalist for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and starring Charlton Heston as the title character.", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ A remake of , \"Ben-Hur\" was adapted from Lew Wallace's 1880 novel \"\".", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ The screenplay is credited to Karl Tunberg, but includes contributions from Maxwell Anderson, S. N. Behrman, Gore Vidal, and Christopher Fry.", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ \"Ben-Hur\" had the largest budget ($15.175 million), as well as the largest sets built, of any film produced at the time.", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ Costume designer Elizabeth Haffenden oversaw a staff of 100 wardrobe fabricators to make the costumes, and a workshop employing 200 artists and workmen provided the hundreds of friezes and statues needed in the film.", "American Epic: The Collection __knowledge__ American Epic: The Collection is a 100-track, 5-CD box set of American roots music performances from the 1920s and 1930s.", "American Epic: The Collection __knowledge__ It was compiled by film director Bernard MacMahon to accompany the release of his \"American Epic\" documentary film series.", "American Epic: The Collection __knowledge__ The box features 100 songs by 100 different artists and has been acclaimed by many critics as being the best box set of its kind ever to be released and a worthy successor to the \"Anthology of American Folk Music.\"", "American Epic: The Collection __knowledge__ The box set won particular acclaim for the song selection and the sound quality of the transfers of vintage 78rpm records.", "American Epic: The Collection __knowledge__ The American Epic collection was conceived by director Bernard MacMahon during the ten years of research preparing the \"American Epic\" documentary series.", "The Patriot (2000 film) __knowledge__ The Patriot is a 2000 American epic historical fiction war film directed by Roland Emmerich, written by Robert Rodat, and starring Mel Gibson, Chris Cooper, Heath Ledger, and Jason Isaacs.", "The Patriot (2000 film) __knowledge__ The film mainly takes place in rural Berkeley County, South Carolina, and depicts the story of an American Colonist, nominally loyal to the British Crown, who is swept into the American Revolutionary War when his family is threatened.", "The Patriot (2000 film) __knowledge__ Benjamin Martin is a composite figure the scriptwriter claims is based on four factual figures from the American Revolutionary War: Andrew Pickens, Francis Marion, Daniel Morgan, and Thomas Sumter.", "Historical fiction __knowledge__ Historical fiction is a literary genre in which the plot takes place in a setting located in the past.", "Historical fiction __knowledge__ Historical fiction can be an umbrella term; though commonly used as a synonym for describing the historical novel; the term can be applied to works in other narrative formats, such as those in the performing and visual arts like theatre, opera, cinema and television, as well as video games and graphic novels.", "Historical fiction __knowledge__ An essential element of historical fiction is that it is set in the past and pays attention to the manners, social conditions and other details of the period depicted.", "Historical fiction __knowledge__ Authors also frequently choose to explore notable historical figures in these settings, allowing readers to better understand how these individuals might have responded to their environments.", "Allison McGourty __knowledge__ Allison Claire McGourty is an award-winning film and television producer, writer and music supervisor, based in London and Los Angeles.", "Allison McGourty __knowledge__ She is a member of the Television Academy, the Writers Guild of America, West, The Sundance Institute, and the International Documentary Association.", "Allison McGourty __knowledge__ She is the co-founder of Lo-Max Films, along with musician Duke Erikson and Director Bernard MacMahon.", "Allison McGourty __knowledge__ McGourty is the creator, producer and writer of the Emmy-nominated \"American Epic\" series: \"American Epic: The Big Bang\", \"American Epic: Blood and Soil\", and \"American Epic: Out Of The Many The One\".", "Allison McGourty __knowledge__ \"American Epic\" is a body of work about American music, history, culture and innovation." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 25 ]

[ "e Last of the Mohicans is a 1992 American epic historical drama, set in 1757", "American epic historical drama, set in 1757 during the French and Indian War.", "Last of the Mohicans\" is set in 1757, during the French and Indian War (the Seven Years' War)" ]

[ "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)", "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)" ]

[ "Snowboarding", "Snowboarding looks so fun, but difficult", "I bet it requires a lot of balance to do" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Snowboarding is a recreational activity and Olympic and Paralympic sport that involves descending a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard attached to a rider's feet.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ The development of snowboarding was inspired by skateboarding, sledding, surfing and skiing.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was developed in the United States in the 1960s, became a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and first featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"snurfer\" (combining snow and surfer) by his wife Nancy, the toy proved so popular among his daughters' friends that Poppen licensed the idea to a manufacturer, Brunswick Corporation, that sold about a million snurfers over the next decade.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ And, in 1966 alone over half a million snurfers were sold.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ In February 1968, Poppen organized the first snurfing competition at a Michigan ski resort that attracted enthusiasts from all over the country." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Snowboarding is a recreational activity and Olympic and Paralympic sport that involves descending a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard attached to a rider's feet.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ The development of snowboarding was inspired by skateboarding, sledding, surfing and skiing.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was developed in the United States in the 1960s, became a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and first featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"snurfer\" (combining snow and surfer) by his wife Nancy, the toy proved so popular among his daughters' friends that Poppen licensed the idea to a manufacturer, Brunswick Corporation, that sold about a million snurfers over the next decade.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ And, in 1966 alone over half a million snurfers were sold.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ In February 1968, Poppen organized the first snurfing competition at a Michigan ski resort that attracted enthusiasts from all over the country.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ U.S. Snowboarding, the snowboarding arm of the United States Ski and Snowboard Association (USSA), is committed to the progression of snowboarding by providing athletic programs, services, and competitions for male and female athletes of all ages, coast-to-coast.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ The ultimate goal for U.S. Snowboarding is clear: American riders on the Olympic podium.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ U.S. Snowboarding is the most successful international snowboarding program over the last 10 years and the most successful USSA Olympic program.", "U.S. Snowboarding __knowledge__ Since the inclusion of snowboarding as a medal sport in 1998, U.S. Snowboarding has accounted for 14 Olympic medals, including the historic sweep of the podium in men’s halfpipe in 2002 and a best in the world performance of seven medals in 2006.", "1080° Snowboarding __knowledge__ 1080° Snowboarding is a snowboard racing video game developed by Nintendo EAD and published by Nintendo.", "1080° Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was released in 1998 for the Nintendo 64, and was re-released in 2008 for the Wii's Virtual Console.", "1080° Snowboarding __knowledge__ In the game, the player controls one of five snowboarders from a third-person perspective, using a combination of buttons to jump and perform tricks over eight levels.", "1080° Snowboarding __knowledge__ \"1080°\" was announced on 21 November 1997 and developed over nine months; it garnered critical acclaim and won an Interactive Achievement Award from the Academy of Interactive Arts and Sciences.", "1080° Snowboarding __knowledge__ \"1080°\" sold over a million units, and a second installment, \"1080° Avalanche\", was released for the Nintendo GameCube on 28 November 2003.", "Snowboard __knowledge__ Snowboards are boards where both feet are secured to the same board, which are wider than skis, with the ability to glide on snow.", "Snowboard __knowledge__ Snowboards widths are between 6 to 12 inches or 15 to 30 centimeters.", "Snowboard __knowledge__ Snowboards are differentiated from monoskis by the stance of the user.", "Snowboard __knowledge__ In monoskiing, the user stands with feet inline with direction of travel (facing tip of monoski/downhill) (parallel to long axis of board), whereas in snowboarding, users stand with feet transverse (more or less) to the longitude of the board.", "Snowboard __knowledge__ Users of such equipment may be referred to as \"snowboarder\"s. \"Commercial snowboards\" generally require extra equipment such as bindings and special boots which help secure both feet of a snowboarder, who generally rides in an upright position.", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ Terje Håkonsen (born 11 October 1974 in Vinje, Norway) is a Norwegian professional snowboarder.", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ He is considered one of the most influential snowboarders in the history of the sport.", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ In the book \"The way of the snowboarder\", Rob Reed wrote that \"Haakonsen took the young sport of snowboarding and revolutionized nearly every aspect of it\".", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ Håkonsen dominated freestyle competitions during the 1990s.", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ He won the International Snowboarding Federation (ISF) World Championship in halfpipe three times: 1993, 1995 and 1997.", "Terje Håkonsen __knowledge__ He won the European Championship in halfpipe each and every time he participated (1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 and 1997).", "Bonfire Snowboarding __knowledge__ Bonfire Snowboarding is a manufacturer of snowboarding outerwear.", "Bonfire Snowboarding __knowledge__ Founded in 1989 by Pro Snowboarder and industry pioneer, Brad Steward, Bonfire specializes in men’s trousers and women’s pants, jackets, and accessories.", "Bonfire Snowboarding __knowledge__ Bonfire has dealers in the U.S. as well as internationally.", "Bonfire Snowboarding __knowledge__ The company is based out of Portland, Oregon: Bonfire Snowboarding began in Huntington Beach, California in 1989, with the creation of three unique T-shirts by Pro Snowboarder and industry pioneer, Brad Steward.", "Bonfire Snowboarding __knowledge__ The first shirt featured the word ‘bonfire’ enlarged in a rough copy, directly from an old Sears brand typewriter.", "Supreme Snowboarding __knowledge__ Supreme Snowboarding (known as Boarder Zone in the United States), is a snowboarding video game created by Housemarque for Microsoft Windows in 1999.", "Supreme Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was one of the first snowboarding games for Windows to take full advantage of 3D graphics cards that were becoming the norm in the late 1990s, and eventually became an internationally bestselling game.", "Supreme Snowboarding __knowledge__ Over 1.5 million units were sold worldwide, allowing \"Supreme Snowboarding\" to become the first hit title in Finnish game development.", "Supreme Snowboarding __knowledge__ The game received positive critical reception, as well as acclaim for having one of the best visuals of its time, though its lack of content and replay value was sometimes criticized.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ Skiing in Australia takes place in the high country of the states of New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania as well as in the Australian Capital Territory, during the southern hemisphere winter.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ Skiing began in Australia at the goldrush town of Kiandra, New South Wales in the year 1861.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ The first ski tow was constructed near Mount Buffalo, Victoria in 1936.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ Australian skiers competed in the Winter Olympics for the first time in Oslo 1952 and have competed in all subsequent Games, winning medals at every Games since 1998.", "Skiing in Australia __knowledge__ Malcolm Milne became the first non-European to win a ski race world cup in 1969 and Olympic medalists include Zali Steggall, Alisa Camplin, Dale Begg-Smith, Lydia Lassila and David Morris in skiing and Torah Bright in snowboarding.", "Dry ski slope __knowledge__ A dry ski slope or artificial ski slope is a ski slope that mimics the attributes of snow using materials that are stable at room temperature, to enable people to ski, snowboard or snow tube in places where natural, snow-covered slopes are inconvenient or unavailable.", "Dry ski slope __knowledge__ Although commonly known as \"dry ski slopes\", many slopes are lubricated using a mist or jet system to increase speed and prevent damage to equipment from friction heat build-up.", "Dry ski slope __knowledge__ As a general rule, they are found predominantly in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands as other European countries tend to have ready access to real snow fields, as does North America in the winter.", "Brezovica, Kosovo __knowledge__ Brezovica (, ) is a settlement in the Štrpce municipality in Kosovo, known for its ski resort.", "Brezovica, Kosovo __knowledge__ According to the 2011 Census in Kosovo, Brezovica's total population is 68.", "Brezovica, Kosovo __knowledge__ Brezovica is the most visited winter tourist destinations in Kosovo.", "Brezovica, Kosovo __knowledge__ The ski resort area is ideally situated on the north and northwest-facing slopes of the Šar National Park.", "Brezovica, Kosovo __knowledge__ The ridge line spans 39,000 hectares of high alpine mountain terrain and forests, with a highly diverse and abundant flora and fauna.", "Brezovica, Kosovo __knowledge__ Located within 90 minutes of two international airports, the Brezovica resort area represents one of the last remaining under-developed ski resort areas in Southeast Europe.", "Mountain Creek __knowledge__ Mountain Creek is a ski resort in Vernon Township, in Sussex County, New Jersey, United States, located on Route 94, from the George Washington Bridge.", "Mountain Creek __knowledge__ Mountain Creek offers a skiable area of on four mountain peaks, night skiing, snowboarding, and snowmaking activities.", "Mountain Creek __knowledge__ Besides skiing and snowboarding, the resort offers a snow tubing park, zip-lines, and an alpine coaster.", "Mountain Creek __knowledge__ The resort is also home to a seasonal water park that operates from May to September.", "Mountain Creek __knowledge__ Mountain Creek was owned and operated by Intrawest Resorts Holdings, Inc. until May 2010 when it was sold to neighboring Crystal Springs Resort.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ Australia first competed in the Winter Olympic Games in 1936 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, and has participated in every games since, with the exception of the 1948 Games in St. Moritz.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ In the early years, Australia's athletes did poorly; only two athletes placed in the top half of their events before 1976, while the vast majority placed in the bottom quarter, including some who finished last.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ This lack of success was attributed to the Australian culture, climate and lack of snow, as well as the lack of support for the athletes—sports administrators regarded investment in winter sports as futile.", "Australia at the Winter Olympics __knowledge__ After the appointment of Geoff Henke—who had been unable to compete in 1956 after the administrators neglected to endorse his ice hockey team's application—as team manager in 1976, the results slowly began to improve, and by the 1990s, some Australians were regarded as medal prospects." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Snowboarding is a recreational activity and Olympic and Paralympic sport that involves descending a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard attached to a rider's feet.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ The development of snowboarding was inspired by skateboarding, sledding, surfing and skiing.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ It was developed in the United States in the 1960s, became a Winter Olympic Sport at Nagano in 1998 and first featured in the Winter Paralympics at Sochi in 2014.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Its popularity (as measured by equipment sales) in the United States peaked in 2007 and has been in a decline since.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Modern snowboarding began in 1965 when Sherman Poppen, an engineer in Muskegon, Michigan, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"snurfer\" (combining snow and surfer) by his wife Nancy, the toy proved so popular among his daughters' friends that Poppen licensed the idea to a manufacturer, Brunswick Corporation, that sold about a million snurfers over the next decade.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ And, in 1966 alone over half a million snurfers were sold.", "Snowboarding __knowledge__ In February 1968, Poppen organized the first snurfing competition at a Michigan ski resort that attracted enthusiasts from all over the country.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ In the game of poker, the play largely centers on the act of betting, and as such, a protocol has been developed to speed up play, lessen confusion, and increase security while playing.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Different games are played using different types of bets, and small variations in etiquette exist between cardrooms, but for the most part the following rules and protocol are observed by the majority of poker players.", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ Players in a poker game act in turn, in clockwise rotation (acting out of turn can negatively affect other players).", "Betting in poker __knowledge__ When it is a player's turn to act, the first verbal declaration or action they take binds them to their choice of action; this rule prevents a player from changing their action after seeing how other players react to their initial, verbal action.", "BET __knowledge__ Black Entertainment Television (BET, stylised as BET⭐️) is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the BET Networks division of Viacom.", "BET __knowledge__ It is the most prominent television network targeting African American audiences, with approximately 88,255,000 American households (75.8% of households with television) receiving the channel.", "BET __knowledge__ The channel has offices in Washington, D.C., New York City, Los Angeles and Chicago.", "BET __knowledge__ Programming on the network consists of original and acquired television series and theatrically and direct-to-video-released films.", "BET __knowledge__ The network has also aired a variety of stand-up comedy, news, and current affairs programs, and formerly aired mainstream rap, hip-hop and R&B music videos; the latter of which now air on its branded sister networks.", "Roulette __knowledge__ Roulette is a casino game named after the French word meaning \"little wheel\".", "Roulette __knowledge__ In the game, players may choose to place bets on either a single number, various groupings of numbers, the colors red or black, whether the number is odd or even, or if the numbers are high (19–36) or low (1–18).", "Roulette __knowledge__ Interestingly, the sum of all the numbers on the roulette wheel (from 0 to 36) is 666, which is the \"Number of the Beast\".", "Roulette __knowledge__ One legend says that François Blanc made a deal with the devil to obtain the secrets of roulette.", "Roulette __knowledge__ To determine the winning number and color, a croupier spins a wheel in one direction, then spins a ball in the opposite direction around a tilted circular track running around the circumference of the wheel.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ The United States (U.S.) subprime mortgage crisis was a nationwide banking emergency, occurring between 2007-2010, which contributed to the U.S. recession of December 2007 – June 2009.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ It was triggered by a large decline in home prices after the collapse of a housing bubble, leading to mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures and the devaluation of housing-related securities.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Declines in residential investment preceded the recession and were followed by reductions in household spending and then business investment.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Spending reductions were more significant in areas with a combination of high household debt and larger housing price declines.", "Bet hedging (biology) __knowledge__ Biological bet hedging occurs when organisms suffer decreased fitness in their typical conditions in exchange for increased fitness in stressful conditions.", "Bet hedging (biology) __knowledge__ Biological bet hedging was originally proposed to explain the observation of a seed bank, or a reservoir of ungerminated seeds in the soil.", "Bet hedging (biology) __knowledge__ For example, an annual plant's fitness is maximized for that year if all of its seeds germinate.", "Bet hedging (biology) __knowledge__ However, if a drought occurs that kills germinated plants, but not ungerminated seeds, plants with seeds remaining in the seed bank will have a fitness advantage.", "Bet hedging (biology) __knowledge__ Therefore, it can be advantageous for plants to \"hedge their bets\" in case of a drought by producing some seeds that germinate immediately and other seeds that lie dormant.", "Teen patti __knowledge__ Teen patti (, meaning 'three cards' in English) (also known as flash or flush) is a gambling card game that originated in the Indian Subcontinent.", "Teen patti __knowledge__ The game, which is actually a simplified version of poker, is popular throughout South Asia.", "Teen patti __knowledge__ Boats out of India call it \"flush\" to escape any legal negativity surrounding the game where it is played legally.", "Teen patti __knowledge__ The game starts with one of the players dealing the cards.", "Teen patti __knowledge__ The cards are usually dealt counter-clockwise.", "Teen patti __knowledge__ Before starting the game, usually an agreed number of card(s) is/are picked or dealt to decide the dealer for the opening hand.", "Teen patti __knowledge__ Each player may be required to put up an ante into the pot before picking/dealing the card(s).", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing where skiers rely on their own locomotion to move across snow-covered terrain, rather than using ski lifts or other forms of assistance.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Cross-country skiing is widely practiced as a sport and recreational activity; however, some still use it as a means of transportation.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Variants of cross-country skiing are adapted to a range of terrain which spans unimproved, sometimes mountainous terrain to groomed courses that are specifically designed for the sport.", "Cross-country skiing __knowledge__ Modern cross-country skiing is similar to the original form of skiing, from which all skiing disciplines evolved, including alpine skiing, ski jumping and Telemark skiing.", "Water skiing __knowledge__ Water skiing is a surface water sport in which an individual is pulled behind a boat or a cable ski installation over a body of water, skimming the surface on two skis or one ski.", "Water skiing __knowledge__ The sport requires sufficient area on a smooth stretch of water, one or two skis, a tow boat with tow rope, three people (depending on state boating laws), and a personal flotation device.", "Water skiing __knowledge__ In addition, the skier must have adequate upper and lower body strength, muscular endurance, and good balance.", "Water skiing __knowledge__ There are water ski participants around the world, in Asia and Australia, Europe, Africa, and the Americas.", "Water skiing __knowledge__ In the United States alone, there are approximately 11 million water skiers and over 900 sanctioned water ski competitions every year.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes for \"Deadliest Warrior\".", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ \"Deadliest Warrior\" premiered on April 7, 2009 at 10 pm ET.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Nine one-hour episodes of the show were produced for Season 1.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Season 1 was released on DVD and Blu-ray on May 11, 2010.", "List of Deadliest Warrior episodes __knowledge__ Apache team: Alan Tafoya (World Champion Knife Fighter), Snake Blocker (U.S. Army Combat Instructor) Apache weapons: Tomahawk, Knife, Bow & Arrow, War Club Apache armor: Rawhide Shield Apache statistics: \"Height:\" 5 feet, 7 inches \"Weight:\" 140 lbs \"Gear Weight:\" 10 pounds Gladiator team: Chris Torres (Ancient Weapons Specialist), Steven Dietrich (Gladiator Combat Instructor), Chuck Liddell (The Iceman) Gladiator weapons: Cestus, Scissor, Trident & Net, Sling, Sica Gladiator armor: Murmillo Helmet, Wooden Shield Gladiator statistics: \"Height:\" 5 feet, 8 inches \"Weight\": 185 lbs \"Gear Weight\": Ranges from 10 lbs to 38 lbs Reenactment 1 The Apache is seen walking in a grassy field.", "Birotron __knowledge__ The Birotron (pronounced by-ro-tron) is a tape replay keyboard conceived by American musician and inventor Dave Biro of Yalesville, Connecticut, US, and funded by English keyboardist Rick Wakeman in the 1970s, and Rudkin-Wiley of Pepperidge Farm Foods (under Campbell's Soup company) and Air Shield in the early 1980s.", "Birotron __knowledge__ A Mellotron-like instrument in the prototype stage and intended for mass production, it was featured on several albums and tours.", "Birotron __knowledge__ It appeared in advertisements and received press in several newspapers as the next \"latest and greatest\" keyboard instrument.", "Birotron __knowledge__ It also received over 1,000 advance orders from many prominent musicians worldwide, including members of the Beatles and Led Zeppelin.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo." ] ]

[ 1, 18, 49 ]

[ "I love to go snowboarding on the ski slopes in the winter", "Yes going down a hill where both feet are on the same board is harder than skiing for sure", "Yes I find it much harder than skiing. I also like cross-country skiing across terrain as exercise" ]

[ "Snowboarding", "Snowboarding", "Snowboarding" ]

[ "NASCAR", "yea it is tho im not into it", "oh really i didnt know that", "oh yea? do you know who founded it?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is an American family-owned and operated business venture that sanctions and governs multiple auto-racing sports events.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Bill France Sr. founded the company in 1948 and his grandson Brian France became its CEO in 2003.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR is motorsport's preeminent stock-car racing organization.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The three largest racing-series sanctioned by this company are the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The company also oversees NASCAR Local Racing, the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour, the NASCAR Whelen All-American Series, and the NASCAR iRacing.com Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR sanctions over 1,500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 of the 50 US states as well as in Canada.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has presented races at the Suzuka and Motegi circuits in Japan, the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico, and the Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has its official headquarters in Daytona Beach, Florida, and also maintains offices in the North Carolina cities of Charlotte, Concord, and Conover.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Regional offices are located in New York City and Los Angeles, with international offices in Mexico City and Toronto." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is an American family-owned and operated business venture that sanctions and governs multiple auto-racing sports events.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Bill France Sr. founded the company in 1948 and his grandson Brian France became its CEO in 2003.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR is motorsport's preeminent stock-car racing organization.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The three largest racing-series sanctioned by this company are the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The company also oversees NASCAR Local Racing, the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour, the NASCAR Whelen All-American Series, and the NASCAR iRacing.com Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR sanctions over 1,500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 of the 50 US states as well as in Canada.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has presented races at the Suzuka and Motegi circuits in Japan, the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico, and the Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has its official headquarters in Daytona Beach, Florida, and also maintains offices in the North Carolina cities of Charlotte, Concord, and Conover.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Regional offices are located in New York City and Los Angeles, with international offices in Mexico City and Toronto.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Mỹ Tho () is the capital city, center of economics, education and technology of Tiền Giang Province, located in the Mekong Delta region of South Vietnam.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ It has a population of approximately 169,000 in 2006 and 220,000 in 2012.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ The majority ethnic group is the Kinh, and some of the Chinese, the Cham and the Khmer.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Boat rides on the Mỹ Tho River are popular with tourists, and the city is known for \"hủ tiếu Mỹ Tho\", a type of soup.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ Mỹ Tho was founded in the 1680s by Chinese refugees fleeing China, when the entire country became a colony of the Manchu-led Qing Empire in 1683.", "Mỹ Tho __knowledge__ The area, at the time, was once part of the former Khmer Empire and it was annexed to Vietnam in the 18th century.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ Before dawn on January 30, 1964, General Nguyễn Khánh ousted the military junta led by General Dương Văn Minh from the leadership of South Vietnam without firing a shot.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ It came less than three months after Minh's junta had themselves come to power in a bloody coup against then President Ngô Đình Diệm.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ The coup was bloodless and took less than a few hours—after power had been seized Minh's aide and bodyguard, Major Nguyễn Văn Nhung was arrested and summarily executed.", "1964 South Vietnamese coup __knowledge__ Distrusted by his colleagues because of his tendency to change sides and his reputation as an intriguer, Khánh was assigned to I Corps in the far north of the country after Diệm's overthrow to keep him away from the capital Saigon.", "Cochinchina Campaign __knowledge__ The Cochinchina Campaign (; ; ; Filipino: \"Expedisiyong pranses-espanyol sa Cochinchina\"); (1858–1862), fought between the French and Spanish on one side and the Vietnamese on the other, began as a limited punitive campaign and ended as a French war of conquest.", "Cochinchina Campaign __knowledge__ The war concluded with the establishment of the French colony of Cochinchina, a development that inaugurated nearly a century of French colonial dominance in Vietnam.", "Cochinchina Campaign __knowledge__ The French had few pretexts to justify their imperial ambitions in Indochina.", "Cochinchina Campaign __knowledge__ In the early years of the 19th century some Frenchmen believed that the Vietnamese emperor Gia Long owed the French a favour for the help French troops had given him in 1802 against his Tây Sơn enemies, but it soon became clear that the Gia Long felt no more bound to France than he did to China, which had also provided help.", "Operation Coronado XI __knowledge__ Operation Coronado XI was the eleventh of the Operation Coronado series of riverine military operations conducted by the Mobile Riverine Force of the United States and elements of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam, designed to shut down Vietcong strongholds in the Mekong Delta.", "Operation Coronado XI __knowledge__ It ran from 12 February to 3 March 1968.", "Operation Coronado XI __knowledge__ The aim was to conduct riverine, air, and ground search operations in Cai Rang and Phung Hiep Districts of Phong Dinh Province, and to locate and destroy the communists' Military Region III headquarters, and to conduct waterborne cordon and infantry search operations on the island of Cu Lao May in the Bassac River.", "History of Idar __knowledge__ Idar is a historical town in Sabarkantha district of north Gujarat, India.", "History of Idar __knowledge__ Recorded in epic history and ruled by Bhils and descendants of Maitraka of Vallabhi, its history traced back to the 7th century.", "History of Idar __knowledge__ The region was ruled by Rajput clans.", "History of Idar __knowledge__ Initially Parihar Rajput refounded Idar and ruled until its chief died in the second battle of Tarain in 1192.", "History of Idar __knowledge__ Idar then fell into the hands of a Koli named Hathi Sora who was succeeded by his son Samalio.", "History of Idar __knowledge__ The latter was killed by a Rathod prince named Sonangji, who occupied Idar, and became the founder of the dynasty of the Raos who ruled there for several generations.", "Darrell Waltrip __knowledge__ Darrell Lee Waltrip (born February 5, 1947) is an American motorsports analyst, author, national television broadcaster, and former racing driver.", "Darrell Waltrip __knowledge__ He is also a three-time NASCAR Cup Series champion (1981, 1982, 1985) and a three-time NASCAR Cup Series runner-up (1979, 1983, 1986).", "Darrell Waltrip __knowledge__ Posting a modern NASCAR series record of 22 top five finishes in 1983 and 21 top five finishes both in 1981 and 1986, Waltrip won 84 NASCAR Cup Series races, including the 1989 Daytona 500, a record five in the Coca-Cola 600 (formerly the World 600) (1978, 1979, 1985, 1988, 1989), and a track and Series record for any driver at Bristol Motor Speedway with 12 (seven consecutive from 1981 to 1984).", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is the sanctioning body for the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the Xfinity Series and the Camping World Truck Series.", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR also oversees a number of regional racing series, including the Whelen Modified Tour, and the Whelen All-American Series.", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ In its role, NASCAR sanctions over 1,500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 states, Canada, Mexico, and Europe.", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ Similar to other professional leagues and sanctioning bodies, NASCAR has been the target of criticism on various topics, from various sources.", "Criticism of NASCAR __knowledge__ Some critics note the significant differences between today's NASCAR vehicles and true \"stock cars\".", "2015 Bojangles' Southern 500 __knowledge__ The 2015 Bojangles' Southern 500, the 66th running of the event, was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on September 6, 2015, at Darlington Raceway in Darlington, South Carolina.", "2015 Bojangles' Southern 500 __knowledge__ Contested over 367 laps on the 1.366 mile (2.198 km) egg-shaped speedway, it was the 25th race of the 2015 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season.", "2015 Bojangles' Southern 500 __knowledge__ Carl Edwards won the race, the 25th of his career.", "2015 Bojangles' Southern 500 __knowledge__ Brad Keselowski finished second.", "2015 Bojangles' Southern 500 __knowledge__ Denny Hamlin, Joey Logano and Kevin Harvick rounded out the top five.", "2015 Bojangles' Southern 500 __knowledge__ Keselowski won the pole for the race.", "2015 Bojangles' Southern 500 __knowledge__ He led a race high of 196 laps on his way to a runner–up finish.", "2015 Bojangles' Southern 500 __knowledge__ The race had 24 lead changes among 11 different drivers, as well as 18 caution flag periods for 89 laps.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ Kurt Thomas Busch (born August 4, 1978) is an American professional stock car racing driver.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ He currently drives the No.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ 41 Ford Fusion for Stewart-Haas Racing in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ He was the 2004 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series champion.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ He is the older brother of 2015 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series champion Kyle Busch.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ The brothers are second-generation racing drivers; their father, Tom, won several NASCAR-sanctioned events.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ Busch has also driven for Furniture Row Racing, Phoenix Racing, Penske Racing, and Roush Racing in his Sprint Cup career, which began in 2000.", "Kurt Busch __knowledge__ The winner of twenty-nine Cup career races, Busch was driving for Roush Racing when he won the 2004 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series championship.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ The Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series (often shortened to the Cup Series) is the top racing series of the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR).", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ It is named for the current sponsor, Monster Energy, but has been known by other names in the past.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ The series began in 1949 as the Strictly Stock Series, and from 1950 to 1970 it was known as the Grand National Series.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ In 1971, when the series began leasing its naming rights to the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, it was referred to as the Winston Cup Series.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ A similar deal was made with Nextel in 2003, and it became the Nextel Cup Series (2004–2007).", "2015 Goody's Headache Relief Shot 500 __knowledge__ The 2015 Goody's Headache Relief Shot 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on November 1, 2015, at Martinsville Speedway in Ridgeway, Virginia.", "2015 Goody's Headache Relief Shot 500 __knowledge__ Contested over 500 laps on the .526 mile (.847 km) short track, it was the 33rd race of the 2015 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season, seventh race of the Chase and first race of the Eliminator Round.", "2015 Goody's Headache Relief Shot 500 __knowledge__ Jeff Gordon won the race, his first of the season.", "2015 Goody's Headache Relief Shot 500 __knowledge__ Jamie McMurray finished second.", "2015 Goody's Headache Relief Shot 500 __knowledge__ Denny Hamlin, Dale Earnhardt, Jr. and Kyle Busch rounded out the top-five.", "2015 Goody's Headache Relief Shot 500 __knowledge__ Joey Logano won the pole for the race and led a race high of 207 laps before being taken out by Matt Kenseth late in the race and finished 37th." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is an American family-owned and operated business venture that sanctions and governs multiple auto-racing sports events.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Bill France Sr. founded the company in 1948 and his grandson Brian France became its CEO in 2003.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR is motorsport's preeminent stock-car racing organization.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The three largest racing-series sanctioned by this company are the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The company also oversees NASCAR Local Racing, the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour, the NASCAR Whelen All-American Series, and the NASCAR iRacing.com Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR sanctions over 1,500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 of the 50 US states as well as in Canada.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has presented races at the Suzuka and Motegi circuits in Japan, the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico, and the Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has its official headquarters in Daytona Beach, Florida, and also maintains offices in the North Carolina cities of Charlotte, Concord, and Conover.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Regional offices are located in New York City and Los Angeles, with international offices in Mexico City and Toronto.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The New York Gold Exchange was an exchange formed shortly after the beginning of the American Civil War for the purpose of creating an open market for transactions involving gold and the government-created paper currency, the greenback.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ Established in 1862, it closed in 1897.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The exchange was established in 1862 in a basement on New Street.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The exchange was created during the American Civil War, when the Union issued paper money to fund the war effort.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ Gold trading was initially banned at the New York Stock Exchange, which viewed the practice as unpatriotic speculation in wartime.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ This was because Confederate victories resulted in an increase in the price of gold relative to the greenback dollar, causing gold traders to sing \"Dixie\" in the Exchange when they received news of a Confederate victory.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ Gold exchange-traded products are exchange-traded funds (ETFs), closed-end funds (CEFs) and exchange-traded notes (ETNs) that aim to track the price of gold.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ Gold exchange-traded products are traded on the major stock exchanges including Zurich, Mumbai, London, Paris and New York.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ , physically backed funds held 2,062.6 tonnes of vaulted gold in total for private and institutional investors.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ Each gold ETF, ETN, and CEF has a different structure outlined in its prospectus.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ Some such instruments do not necessarily hold physical gold.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ For example, gold ETNs generally track the price of gold using derivatives.", "Great Balls of Fire __knowledge__ \"Great Balls of Fire\" is a 1957 popular song recorded by Jerry Lee Lewis on Sun Records and featured in the 1957 movie \"Jamboree\".", "Great Balls of Fire __knowledge__ It was written by Otis Blackwell and Jack Hammer.", "Great Balls of Fire __knowledge__ The Jerry Lee Lewis 1957 recording was ranked as the 96th greatest song ever by \"Rolling Stone\".", "Great Balls of Fire __knowledge__ The song is in AABA form.", "Great Balls of Fire __knowledge__ The song sold one million copies in its first 10 days of release in the United States and sold over five million copies, making it both one of the best-selling singles in the United States, as well as one of the world's best-selling singles of all time.", "Great Balls of Fire __knowledge__ The song is best known for Jerry Lee Lewis's original recording, which was recorded in the Sun Studio in Memphis, Tennessee, on October 8, 1957, using three personnel: Lewis (piano/vocals), Sidney Stokes (bass), and a session drummer, name unknown, instead of the usual Sun backups Jimmy Van Eaton (drums) and Roland Janes (guitar).", "Panik (band) __knowledge__ Panik is a rock band from Neumünster, Germany, that was established in 2002 under the name Pan!k.", "Panik (band) __knowledge__ This band consisted of David Bonk (guitar, vocals), Timo \"T:Mo\" Sonnenschein (rap/vocals), Jan Werner (DJ) and Max Böhlen (drums).", "Panik (band) __knowledge__ With the addition of Frank \"Franky\" Ziegler (vocals), Christian Linke (bass guitar) and replacement of Max Böhlen with Juri Schewe on drums, the band changed its name to Nevada Tan in 2007 and released its first studio album Niemand Hört Dich to commercial success in Germany.", "Panik (band) __knowledge__ On January 20, 2008, Nevada Tan announced that they had officially changed their name to Panik due to difficulties with the management, resulting in switch from Universal Records to Vertigo Records.", "Steve Robson __knowledge__ Steve Robson (born November 1969, Jarrow, Tyne and Wear) is an English songwriter, record producer and multi-instrumentalist.", "Steve Robson __knowledge__ Born in Jarrow in November 1969.", "Steve Robson __knowledge__ He began his adult career playing in covers bands and working men's clubs around the North East of England.", "Steve Robson __knowledge__ He quickly moved into TV work engineering and programming for shows such as Crocodile Shoes.", "Steve Robson __knowledge__ He also produced the second Crocodile Shoes Album.", "Steve Robson __knowledge__ He had his first hit in 1998 with a song called \"123\" for Dina Carroll which was quickly followed by singles for Honeyz 'Never Let You Down', Westlife 'Queen of My Heart', Blue 'U Make Me Wanna, Rascal Flatts 'These Days' which was his first US number 1 and Def Leppard 'Long Long Way To Go'.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Blaine Devon Anderson is a fictional character from the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\".", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Played by Darren Criss, Blaine was introduced in the sixth episode of the second season as the openly gay lead singer of the Dalton Academy Warblers, a rival show choir to New Directions, the show's primary musical group.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Blaine initially served as a mentor for New Directions member Kurt Hummel (Chris Colfer).", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Chemistry between the two, combined with fan support for the couple, led series co-creator Ryan Murphy to pair them romantically.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Their relationship has been well received by critics, and they have been named \"one of the most beloved TV couples of the millennium\" by Jarett Wieselman of the \"New York Post\".", "Gold standard __knowledge__ A gold standard is a monetary system in which the standard economic unit of account is based on a fixed quantity of gold.", "Gold standard __knowledge__ Three types can be distinguished: specie, bullion, and exchange.", "Gold standard __knowledge__ Most nations abandoned the gold standard as the basis of their monetary systems at some point in the 20th century, although many hold substantial gold reserves.", "Gold standard __knowledge__ A survey of leading American economists showed that they unanimously reject that a return to the gold standard would benefit the average American.", "Gold standard __knowledge__ The gold specie standard arose from the widespread acceptance of gold as currency.", "Gold standard __knowledge__ Various commodities have been used as money; typically, the one that loses the least value over time becomes the accepted form.", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ Stock car racing is a form of automobile racing found mainly and most prominently in the United States and Canada, with Australia, New Zealand and Brazil also having forms of stock car auto racing.", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ Traditionally, races are run on oval tracks measuring approximately .", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ The world's largest governing body for stock car racing is the American NASCAR, and its Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series is the premier top level series of professional stock car racing.", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ Top level races typically range between in length.", "Stock car racing __knowledge__ Top level stock cars reach speeds in excess of at speedway tracks and on superspeedway tracks such as Daytona International Speedway and Talladega Superspeedway.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor racing, or automobile racing) is a motorsport involving the racing of automobiles for competition.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ Almost as soon as automobiles had been invented, races of various sorts were organised, with the first recorded as early as 1867.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ Many of the earliest events were effectively reliability trials, aimed at proving these new machines were a practical mode of transport, but soon became an important way for competing makers to demonstrate their machines.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ By the 1930s specialist racing cars had developed.", "Auto racing __knowledge__ There are now numerous different categories, each with different rules and regulations.", "Darrell Waltrip __knowledge__ Darrell Lee Waltrip (born February 5, 1947) is an American motorsports analyst, author, national television broadcaster, and former racing driver.", "Darrell Waltrip __knowledge__ He is also a three-time NASCAR Cup Series champion (1981, 1982, 1985) and a three-time NASCAR Cup Series runner-up (1979, 1983, 1986).", "Darrell Waltrip __knowledge__ Posting a modern NASCAR series record of 22 top five finishes in 1983 and 21 top five finishes both in 1981 and 1986, Waltrip won 84 NASCAR Cup Series races, including the 1989 Daytona 500, a record five in the Coca-Cola 600 (formerly the World 600) (1978, 1979, 1985, 1988, 1989), and a track and Series record for any driver at Bristol Motor Speedway with 12 (seven consecutive from 1981 to 1984).", "Ed Samples __knowledge__ Ed Samples (January 31, 1921 – June 10, 1991) was a pioneering American stock car driver, who competed in NSCRA and NASCAR events in the 1940s and early 1950s.", "Ed Samples __knowledge__ He was the winner of the 1946 stock car racing championship, and later won the 1949 National Stock Car Racing Association championship.", "Ed Samples __knowledge__ Born January 31, 1921 in Atlanta, Georgia, and driving from the early age of eight, Samples became one of the better-known moonshine runners in the Dawsonville area, a hotbed of the production of moonshine liquor during and after Prohibition.", "Ed Samples __knowledge__ He survived being shot three times in a dispute over the production of the liquor shortly before World War II; soon afterwards he changed his career to competition on the racetrack after observing the racing prowess of fellow moonshiner Lloyd Seay, declaring auto racing to be \"safer than moonshine\".", "Australian Stock Car Auto Racing __knowledge__ AUSCAR (Australian Stock Car Auto Racing) was an auto racing sanctioning body owned by Bob Jane, which ran American-style Superspeedway racing in Australia.", "Australian Stock Car Auto Racing __knowledge__ The initial AUSCAR venue was the 1.801 km (1.119 mi), high-banked (24°) Calder Park Thunderdome Superspeedway in Melbourne, but over time the series expanded to include the Jane owned 1/2 mile (805 metre) Speedway Super Bowl at the eastern end of Adelaide International Raceway which first saw AUSCAR racing in 1990 (the Super Bowl was only other paved oval circuit in Australia with only 7° banking in the corners making it essentially a traditional flat track), the Surfers Paradise Street Circuit, and eventually several Australian road racing circuits including Calder Park's road course and the Oran Park Raceway in Sydney where racing was held under lights on the short version of the circuit.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ The Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series (often shortened to the Cup Series) is the top racing series of the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR).", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ It is named for the current sponsor, Monster Energy, but has been known by other names in the past.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ The series began in 1949 as the Strictly Stock Series, and from 1950 to 1970 it was known as the Grand National Series.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ In 1971, when the series began leasing its naming rights to the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, it was referred to as the Winston Cup Series.", "Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series __knowledge__ A similar deal was made with Nextel in 2003, and it became the Nextel Cup Series (2004–2007)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is an American family-owned and operated business venture that sanctions and governs multiple auto-racing sports events.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Bill France Sr. founded the company in 1948 and his grandson Brian France became its CEO in 2003.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR is motorsport's preeminent stock-car racing organization.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The three largest racing-series sanctioned by this company are the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ The company also oversees NASCAR Local Racing, the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour, the NASCAR Whelen All-American Series, and the NASCAR iRacing.com Series.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR sanctions over 1,500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 of the 50 US states as well as in Canada.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has presented races at the Suzuka and Motegi circuits in Japan, the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico, and the Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ NASCAR has its official headquarters in Daytona Beach, Florida, and also maintains offices in the North Carolina cities of Charlotte, Concord, and Conover.", "NASCAR __knowledge__ Regional offices are located in New York City and Los Angeles, with international offices in Mexico City and Toronto.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Butch Patterson: Private Dick is a Canadian serial comedy television series centering on the seedy exploits of a self-described premature ejaculating, alcoholic, kleptomaniac, sexually deviant private detective played by Canadian actor/comedian Greg Lawrence.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ The series had a three season run, airing on The Comedy Network.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Although the show was not a critical or commercial success, it maintains a small cult following.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ After the series' initial run, reruns were featured on the now defunct CBC Country Canada.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Since then, all three original seasons have been released on DVD.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Most of the episodes are focused around the cases that Butch Patterson is investigating at the time.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" (occasionally spelt as \"Oh Yea\") is a song by Ash, released as the fifth single from their album \"1977\" on 24 June 1996.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It was released as a single CD, a 7\" vinyl (the limited edition 7\" was yellow and came with a picture sleeve), and as a cassette.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ The UK Promo version of the track is thought of as quite rare, and a collector's item between fans.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It comes on orange 7\" vinyl and has the same track on both sides.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" was the first single released after the release of \"1977\" and was their second Top 10 single, reaching number 6 in the UK singles chart.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It is probably Ash's best-known song and one of the best known from the Brit-Pop period.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Zameer Rizvi (born 5 February 1981) is a Canadian singer/songwriter, musician and composer.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ As a songwriter, Zameer's subject matter is usually inspired by personal experiences.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ His songs vary anywhere from upbeat party-like music, to soulful reflective music, to political music reflecting his views on social justice.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ His honest writing style earned him worldwide recognition when his song about social injustice against athletes with disabilities, \"Win or Defeat\", was licensed as a theme song by the 2010 Paralympic Games.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Rizvi went on to perform the song at the 2010 Olympic Games.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Rizvi garnered further success with strong sales of his debut album \"From Under the Bleachers\" from which the single \"Glory of Love\" rose to the 73rd spot on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 charts.", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ One Second is Yello's fifth original studio album, having been preceded by a 'new mix' compilation the previous year.", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ Released in 1987, the album is noteworthy for featuring both Billy MacKenzie and Shirley Bassey, the latter singing vocals on \"The Rhythm Divine\".", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ The songs \"Call It Love\", \"Si Senor The Hairy Grill\", \"Moon On Ice\", \"Hawaiian Chance\" were used on episodes of \"Miami Vice\" and the song \"Santiago\" used as a sample from Dunya Yunis' \"Abu Zeluf\".", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ A couple of songs were also used in the 1990 film \"Nuns on the Run\".", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ The song \"Si Senor The Hairy Grill\" was used as theme song for the Fox TV show \"The Edge\".", "9.3×64mm Brenneke __knowledge__ The 9.3×64mm Brenneke (also unofficially known as the 9.3 x 64) is a rimless bottlenecked centerfire cartridge developed for big-game hunting.", "9.3×64mm Brenneke __knowledge__ The 9.3 denotes the 9.3 mm bullet diameter and the 64 denotes the 64 mm case length.", "9.3×64mm Brenneke __knowledge__ Using the bullet diameter is unusual in German cartridge designations.", "9.3×64mm Brenneke __knowledge__ Normally the approximate land diameter of the barrel is used for such designations.", "9.3×64mm Brenneke __knowledge__ The 9.3×64mm Brenneke can be chambered in standard-sized Mauser 98 bolt-action rifles.", "9.3×64mm Brenneke __knowledge__ The M 98 bolt actions and magazine boxes of standard military Mauser 98 rifles, however, have to be adapted by a competent gunsmith to function properly with these magnum cartridges since their cases are longer and have a larger diameter than the 8×57mm IS service cartridges.", "8×64mm S __knowledge__ The 8×64mm S (also unofficially known as the 8×64mm S Brenneke) (the S means it is intended for 8.2 mm (.323 in) groove diameter bullets) is a rimless bottlenecked centerfire cartridge developed as a military service round for the German Army who never issued it.", "8×64mm S __knowledge__ As is customary in European cartridges the 8 denotes the 8 mm bullet caliber and the 64 denotes the 64 mm (2.52 in) case length.", "8×64mm S __knowledge__ The 8×64mm is a hunting cartridge in central Europe and can due to its maximal overall length fairly easily be chambered in standard sized military Mauser 98 bolt action rifles.", "8×64mm S __knowledge__ In such military M98 bolt actions the magazine boxes, however, have to be adapted by a competent gunsmith to function properly with the 8×64mm S cartridge, since the M98 internal magazine boxes feature an internal magazine length of .", "7×64mm __knowledge__ The 7×64mm (also unofficially known as the 7×64mm Brenneke, though its designer's name officially never was added as a part of this cartridge name) is a rimless bottlenecked centerfire cartridge developed for hunting.", "7×64mm __knowledge__ As is customary in European cartridges the 7 denotes the 7 mm bullet caliber and the 64 denotes the case length.", "7×64mm __knowledge__ The 7×64mm is a popular hunting cartridge in Central Europe and can, due to its case head diameter and overall length, easily be chambered in Mauser 98 bolt action rifles that were then standard issue in the German military.", "7×64mm __knowledge__ At the start of the 20th century the famous German gun and ammunition designer Wilhelm Brenneke (1865–1951) was experimenting with the engineering concept of lengthening and other dimensional changes regarding standard cartridge cases like the M/88 cartridge case, then used by the German military in their Mauser Gewehr 98 rifles, to obtain extra muzzle velocity.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Pixar franchise \"Cars\", as well as the Disney franchise \"Planes\", which is set in the same fictional universe: Lightning McQueen, often referred to as \"McQueen\", is the main character in \"Cars\" and \"Cars 3\".", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Owen Wilson.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ McQueen is not modeled directly after a specific make and model, although his design contains some elements inspired by the Chevrolet Corvette C6.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ His Corvette lineage is further suggested by the \"retro\" paint scheme he acquires in Radiator Springs, which resembles that of a Corvette C1.", "List of Cars characters __knowledge__ Mack (voiced by John Ratzenberger) is a 1985 Mack Super-Liner bearing license plate \"RUSTEZ3\".", "Grand tourer __knowledge__ A grand tourer () (GT) is a performance and luxury automobile capable of high speed and long-distance driving.", "Grand tourer __knowledge__ The most common format is a front-engine, rear-wheel-drive two-door coupé with either a two-seat or a 2+2 arrangement.", "Grand tourer __knowledge__ The term derives from the Italian language phrase \"gran turismo\" which became popular in the English language from the 1950s, evolving from fast touring cars and streamlined closed sports cars during the 1930s.", "Grand tourer __knowledge__ The grand touring car concept is generally considered to have originated in Europe in the early 1950s, especially with the 1951 introduction of the Lancia Aurelia B20 GT, and features notable luminaries of Italian automotive history such as Vittorio Jano, Enzo Ferrari and Johnny Lurani." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "NASCAR is a pretty interesting American business.", "Same here. It stands for The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing.", "They also sanction and govern multiple auto-racing sports events.", "It was founded by Bill France Sr. back in 1948." ]

[ "NASCAR", "NASCAR", "NASCAR", "NASCAR" ]

[ "Hamburger", "I do! I can go for a hamburger any time.", "I like them pan fried at home, but sometimes prefer flame broiled if i'm going out." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in \"turkey burger\", \"bison burger\", or \"veggie burger\".", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants (where burgers may sell for several times the cost of a fast-food burger, but may be one of the cheaper options on the menu).", "Hamburger __knowledge__ There are many international and regional variations of the hamburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"hamburger\" originally derives from Hamburg, Germany's second-largest city.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ In German, \"Burg\" means \"castle\", \"fortified settlement\" or \"fortified refuge\" and is a widespread component of place names." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in \"turkey burger\", \"bison burger\", or \"veggie burger\".", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants (where burgers may sell for several times the cost of a fast-food burger, but may be one of the cheaper options on the menu).", "Hamburger __knowledge__ There are many international and regional variations of the hamburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"hamburger\" originally derives from Hamburg, Germany's second-largest city.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ In German, \"Burg\" means \"castle\", \"fortified settlement\" or \"fortified refuge\" and is a widespread component of place names.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Poolside Chats __knowledge__ Poolside Chats with Neil Hamburger was a live webcast that aired on comedian Tom Green's now defunct internet TV channel.", "Poolside Chats __knowledge__ \"Poolside Chats\" used to air live following \"Tom Green's House Tonight\".", "Poolside Chats __knowledge__ The star of the show is self-described \"America's Funnyman\", Neil Hamburger.", "Poolside Chats __knowledge__ Neil took calls in which he usually traded insults with the callers.", "Poolside Chats __knowledge__ He has referred to some of his guests as \"diseased degenerate rock and rollers.\"", "Poolside Chats __knowledge__ There was no real schedule for the show; it used to air randomly when there are suitable gaps in Hamburger's touring schedule.", "Poolside Chats __knowledge__ The show was also briefly available on an \"On Demand\" section of Tom Green's website.", "Louis' Lunch __knowledge__ Louis' Lunch in New Haven, Connecticut, United States, advertises itself as the first restaurant to serve hamburgers and as being the oldest hamburger restaurant still operating in the U.S.", "Louis' Lunch __knowledge__ Opened as a small lunch wagon in 1895, Louis' Lunch was also one of the first places in the U.S. to serve steak sandwiches.", "Louis' Lunch __knowledge__ According to Louis' Lunch, the hamburger was created in 1900 in response to a customer's hurried request for a lunch to go.", "Louis' Lunch __knowledge__ In 1917, Louis moved the business into a square-shaped little brick building that had once been a tannery.", "Louis' Lunch __knowledge__ In 1975, the restaurant was moved four blocks down to 263 Crown Street.", "Big Boy Restaurants __knowledge__ Big Boy Restaurants International, LLC is an American restaurant chain headquartered in Warren, Michigan, in Metro Detroit.", "Big Boy Restaurants __knowledge__ Frisch's Big Boy Restaurants is a restaurant chain with its headquarters in Cincinnati, Ohio.", "Big Boy Restaurants __knowledge__ The Big Boy name, design aesthetic, and menu were previously licensed to a number of regional franchisees.", "Big Boy Restaurants __knowledge__ Big Boy was started as Bob's Pantry in 1936 by Bob Wian in Glendale, California.", "Big Boy Restaurants __knowledge__ The restaurants became known as \"Bob's\", \"Bob's Drive Ins\", \"Bob's, Home of the Big Boy Hamburger\", and (commonly as) Bob's Big Boy.", "Big Boy Restaurants __knowledge__ It became a local chain under that name and nationally under the Big Boy name, franchised by Robert C. Wian Enterprises.", "History of the hamburger in the United States __knowledge__ A hamburger (or burger) is a sandwich that consists of a cooked ground meat patty, usually beef, placed between halves of a sliced bun or between slices of bread or toast.", "History of the hamburger in the United States __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with various condiments, such as mustard, mayonnaise, and ketchup, and other options including lettuce, tomato, onion, pickles, and cheese.", "History of the hamburger in the United States __knowledge__ The Texas historian Frank X. Tolbert attributes the invention of the hamburger to Fletcher Davis of Athens, Texas.", "History of the hamburger in the United States __knowledge__ Davis is believed to have sold hamburgers at his café at 115 Tyler Street in Athens, Texas, in the late 1880s, before bringing them to the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair.", "Neil Hamburger __knowledge__ Neil Hamburger is a standup comedian character played by comedian and musician Gregg Turkington.", "Neil Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburger's live act, which is quite different from his many albums, features a barrage of question/answer jokes aimed often at celebrity targets as well as barbs aimed at his ex-wife.", "Neil Hamburger __knowledge__ He has performed in front of audiences worldwide from Madison Square Garden to \"Jimmy Kimmel Live!\"", "Neil Hamburger __knowledge__ and the confrontational aspects of his act have drawn comparisons to Tony Clifton.", "Neil Hamburger __knowledge__ One of his most famous gags is the \"Zipper Lips\", in which he asks an audience member a question.", "Neil Hamburger __knowledge__ If the audience member doesn't respond, Hamburger derides them for being a \"zipper lips\".", "Benjamin Urrutia __knowledge__ Benjamin Urrutia (born January 24, 1950 in Guayaquil, Ecuador) is an author and scholar.", "Benjamin Urrutia __knowledge__ With Guy Davenport, Urrutia edited \"The Logia of Yeshua\", which collected what Urrutia and Davenport consider to be Jesus' authentic sayings from a variety of canonical and non-canonical sources.", "Benjamin Urrutia __knowledge__ Urrutia interprets Jesus' mission as a leadership role in the \"Israelite nonviolent resistance to Roman oppression\".", "Benjamin Urrutia __knowledge__ Urrutia lived in Ecuador until 1968, and has since been a resident of the United States of America, except for the period from May 1974 to July 1977, when he lived in Israel.", "Benjamin Urrutia __knowledge__ At Brigham Young University, he studied under Hugh Nibley.", "Manuel Urrutia Lleó __knowledge__ Manuel Urrutia Lleó (December 8, 1901 – 5 July 1981) was a liberal Cuban lawyer and politician.", "Manuel Urrutia Lleó __knowledge__ Urrutia campaigned against the Gerardo Machado government and the second presidency of Fulgencio Batista during the 1950s, before serving as president in the first revolutionary government of 1959.", "Manuel Urrutia Lleó __knowledge__ After only seven months, Urrutia resigned his position due to a series of disputes with revolutionary leader Fidel Castro and emigrated to the United States shortly after.", "Manuel Urrutia Lleó __knowledge__ Born in Yaguajay, Las Villas, Cuba, he was a leading figure in the civil resistance movement against Batista's government during the Cuban Revolution.", "Dante Arthurs __knowledge__ Dante Wyndham Arthurs (born 8 August 1984) is an Australian murderer, convicted of the murder of Sofia Rodriguez-Urrutia Shu.", "Dante Arthurs __knowledge__ On 17 November 2007 Arthurs pleaded guilty to the charges of murder and unlawful detention and was convicted in the Supreme Court of Western Australia; he was sentenced to life imprisonment with a non parole period of 13 years.", "Dante Arthurs __knowledge__ He is currently in detention in Casuarina Prison and will become eligible for release in 2019.", "Dante Arthurs __knowledge__ Many areas of the Western Australian and Australian community debated the re-introduction of the death penalty due to the emotion evoked by Rodriguez-Urrutia Shu's murder.", "Henry Urrutia __knowledge__ Henry Alexander Urrutia Rodríguez (( ), born February 13, 1987) is a Cuban professional baseball designated hitter and left fielder for the Diablos Rojos del México of the Mexican Baseball League.", "Henry Urrutia __knowledge__ He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles.", "Henry Urrutia __knowledge__ Urrutia played in the Cuban National Series for Las Tunas.", "Henry Urrutia __knowledge__ He debuted in the 2005-06 Cuban National Series, and played through 2009-10.", "Henry Urrutia __knowledge__ Urrutia attempted to defect from Cuba in 2010.", "Henry Urrutia __knowledge__ After the failed attempt, he was suspended.", "Henry Urrutia __knowledge__ He successfully defected to Haiti in September 2011.", "Henry Urrutia __knowledge__ Urrutia signed with the Baltimore Orioles, receiving a $778,500 signing bonus.", "Mario Urrutia __knowledge__ Mario Urrutia, Jr. (born January 18, 1986) is a former American football wide receiver.", "Mario Urrutia __knowledge__ Urrutia is also a co-owner of the Kentucky Xtreme.", "Mario Urrutia __knowledge__ He was drafted by the Cincinnati Bengals in the seventh round of the 2008 NFL Draft.", "Mario Urrutia __knowledge__ He played college football at Louisville.", "Mario Urrutia __knowledge__ Urrutia was also a member of the New York Jets, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Hartford Colonials, Sacramento Mountain Lions, Utah Blaze, New Orleans VooDoo, Kentucky Xtreme and Winnipeg Blue Bombers.", "Mario Urrutia __knowledge__ Born the son of Ruth Annette and Mario Urrutia, Sr., Urrutia attended Fern Creek High School in Louisville, Kentucky, where he was a member of the Tigers football team." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in \"turkey burger\", \"bison burger\", or \"veggie burger\".", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants (where burgers may sell for several times the cost of a fast-food burger, but may be one of the cheaper options on the menu).", "Hamburger __knowledge__ There are many international and regional variations of the hamburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"hamburger\" originally derives from Hamburg, Germany's second-largest city.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ In German, \"Burg\" means \"castle\", \"fortified settlement\" or \"fortified refuge\" and is a widespread component of place names.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Dumpling is a broad classification for a dish that consists of small pieces of dough (made from a variety of starch sources) wrapped around a filling.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ The dough can be based on bread, flour, or potatoes, and may be filled with meat, fish, cheese, vegetables, fruits, or sweets.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Dumplings may be prepared using a variety of methods, including baking, boiling, frying, simmering, or steaming.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Banku and kenkey fit the definition of a dumpling in that they are starchy balls of dough that are steamed.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ They are formed from fermented cornmeal.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Banku is boiled and requires continues kneading, while kenkey is partly boiled then finished by steaming in corn or banana leaves.", "Roe __knowledge__ Roe () or hard roe is the fully ripe internal egg masses in the ovaries, or the released external egg masses of fish and certain marine animals, such as shrimp, scallop and sea urchins.", "Roe __knowledge__ As a seafood, roe is used both as a cooked ingredient in many dishes and as a raw ingredient.", "Roe __knowledge__ The roe of marine animals, such as the roe of lumpsucker, hake and salmon, is an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids.", "Roe __knowledge__ Roe from a sturgeon or sometimes other fishes is the raw base product from which caviar is made.", "Roe __knowledge__ The term soft roe or white roe denotes fish milt.", "Roe __knowledge__ The large Indian population in KwaZulu-Natal consumes fish roe in the form of slightly sour curry or battered and deep fried.", "Blood sausage __knowledge__ Blood sausages are sausages filled with blood that are cooked or dried and mixed with a filler until they are thick enough to solidify when cooled.", "Blood sausage __knowledge__ Variants are found worldwide.", "Blood sausage __knowledge__ Pig, cattle, sheep, duck, and goat blood can be used, varying by country.", "Blood sausage __knowledge__ In Europe and the Americas, typical fillers include meat, fat, suet, bread, cornmeal, onion, chestnuts, barley, and oatmeal.", "Blood sausage __knowledge__ In Spain, Portugal, and Asia, northern-climate cereals are often replaced by rice.", "Blood sausage __knowledge__ In Kenya \"Mutura\" is a traditional dish among the people of central Kenya, although today popular among all.", "Blood sausage __knowledge__ It is made with meat, blood, spices all encased in the animal's intestines or stomach.", "Croquette __knowledge__ A croquette (US: /kroʊˈket/) is a small breadcrumbed fried food roll containing, usually as main ingredients, mashed potatoes or ground meat (veal, beef, chicken, or turkey), shellfish, fish, cheese, vegetables, and mixed with béchamel or brown sauce, and soaked white bread, egg, onion, spices and herbs, wine, milk, beer, or any of the combination thereof, sometimes with a filling, e.g.", "Croquette __knowledge__ sautéed onions, mushrooms, or boiled eggs (Scotch eggs).", "Croquette __knowledge__ The croquette is usually shaped into a cylinder, disk, or oval shape, and then deep-fried.", "Croquette __knowledge__ The croquette (from the French \"croquer\", \"to crunch\") gained worldwide popularity, both as a delicacy and as a fast food.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "Do you like hamburgers? Also known as the beefburger.", "I prefer my hamburer pan fried but sometimes its good flame broiled.", "I love my hamburgers with cheese and tomatoes. How about you?" ]

[ "Hamburger", "Hamburger", "Hamburger" ]

[ "Nightclub\nHey do you like to go to night clubs? ", "Me too, I like to dance. ", "Yes I do, I like all kinds of hip hop. Run DMC is my favorite. ", "Sure is, I never been to New York I am in Texas right now. Where are you from?", "I think I could try listening to that, not sure though. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub (or club) is an entertainment venue and bar that usually operates late into the night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub is generally distinguished from regular bars, pubs or taverns by the inclusion of a stage for live music, one or more dance floor areas and a DJ booth, where a DJ plays recorded music.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The upmarket nature of nightclubs can be seen in the inclusion of VIP areas in some nightclubs, for celebrities and their guests.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Nightclubs are much more likely than pubs or sports bars to use bouncers to screen prospective clubgoers for entry.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Some nightclub bouncers do not admit people with ripped jeans or other informal clothing or gang apparel as part of a dress code.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The busiest nights for a nightclub are Friday and Saturday night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Most clubs or club nights cater to certain music genres, such as house music or hip hop.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub may also be called a discothèque or disco (these terms were generally used for 1970s and early 1980s-era venues), dance club, dance bar or live music club.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ From about 1900 to 1920, working class Americans would gather at honky tonks or juke joints to dance to music played on a piano or a jukebox.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Webster Hall is credited as the first modern nightclub, being built in 1886 and starting off as a \"social hall\", originally functioning as a home for dance and political activism events.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ Hey Hey It's Saturday was a long-running variety television program on Australian television.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ It initially ran for 27 years on the Nine Network from on 9 October 1971 to 20 November 1999 (there was a recess in 1978).", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ Its host throughout its entire run was Daryl Somers, who later also became executive producer of the program.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ The original producer, Gavin Disney, left the program in the 1980s and Somers then jointly formed his own production company, \"Somers Carroll Productions\", with on-screen partner Ernie Carroll, the performer of Somers' puppet sidekick Ossie Ostrich.", "Hey Hey It's Saturday __knowledge__ On 25 July 2009, the Nine Network announced the show would return for two reunion specials in late 2009 and hinted if they rated strongly, the show could return full-time.", "Smalls Paradise __knowledge__ Smalls Paradise (often called Small's Paradise and Smalls' Paradise, and not to be confused with Smalls Jazz Club), was a nightclub in Harlem, New York City.", "Smalls Paradise __knowledge__ Located in the basement of 2294 Seventh Avenue, it opened in 1925 and was owned by Ed Smalls.", "Smalls Paradise __knowledge__ At the time of the Harlem Renaissance, Smalls Paradise was the only one of the well-known Harlem night clubs to be owned by an African-American and integrated.", "Smalls Paradise __knowledge__ Other major Harlem night clubs admitted only white patrons unless the person was an African-American celebrity.", "Smalls Paradise __knowledge__ The entertainment at Smalls Paradise was not limited to the stage; waiters danced the Charleston or roller-skated as they delivered orders to customers.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ The ballad evolved from \"Hey Jules\", a song McCartney wrote to comfort John Lennon's son, Julian, during his parents' divorce.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" begins with a verse-bridge structure incorporating McCartney's vocal performance and piano accompaniment; further instrumentation is added as the song progresses.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ After the fourth verse, the song shifts to a fade-out coda that lasts for more than four minutes.", "Hey Jude __knowledge__ \"Hey Jude\" was released in August 1968 as the first single from the Beatles' record label Apple Records.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ \"Hey Joe\" is an American popular song from the 1960s that has become a rock standard and has been performed in many musical styles by hundreds of different artists.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ \"Hey Joe\" tells the story of a man who is on the run and planning to head to Mexico after shooting his unfaithful wife.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ The song was registered for copyright in the United States in 1962 by Billy Roberts.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ However, diverse credits and claims have led to confusion about the song's authorship.", "Hey Joe __knowledge__ The earliest known commercial recording of the song is the late-1965 single by the Los Angeles garage band the Leaves; the band then re-recorded the track and released it in 1966 as a follow-up single which became a hit.", "Hey Venus! __knowledge__ Hey Venus!", "Hey Venus! __knowledge__ is the eighth album by Welsh band Super Furry Animals.", "Hey Venus! __knowledge__ It was released on 27 August 2007 in the United Kingdom.", "Hey Venus! __knowledge__ \"Hey Venus!\"", "Hey Venus! __knowledge__ is the band's first full-length release on current label Rough Trade Records and, at just over 36 minutes, is also their shortest-running studio release.", "Hey Venus! __knowledge__ The title is taken from the first line of the song \"Into the Night\".", "Hey Venus! __knowledge__ The album was conceived as a \"rowdy pop record\", both in response to Rough Trade's request for \"one of those pop records like you used to make\" and as a result of the \"very different atmosphere\" the band encountered at shows on the \"Love Kraft\" tour when the 'slow' songs from that album were played.", "Go-go dancing __knowledge__ Go-go dancers are dancers who are employed to entertain crowds at nightclubs or other venues where music is played.", "Go-go dancing __knowledge__ Go-go dancing originated in the early 1960s, by some accounts when women at the Peppermint Lounge in New York City began to get up on tables and dance the twist.", "Go-go dancing __knowledge__ Some claim that go-go dancing originated at, and was named after, the very popular Los Angeles rock club Whisky a Go Go which opened in January 1964, but the opposite may be true – the club chose the name to reflect the already popular craze of go-go dancing.", "Go-go dancing __knowledge__ Many 1960s-era clubgoers wore miniskirts and knee-high, high-heeled boots, which eventually came to be called go-go boots.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ JUMP is a nine-member Japanese all-male band under the Japanese talent agency, Johnny & Associates.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ The name Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ refers to the fact that all the members were born in the Heisei period, and JUMP is an acronym for Johnny's Ultra Music Power.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ They are also known as HSJ or just JUMP.", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Like agency seniors, Hikaru Genji and V6, the group is split into two sub-groups: Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ BEST (Boys Excellent Select Team) and Hey!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ Say!", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ 7 (not to be confused with the temporary group with the same name).", "Hey! Say! JUMP __knowledge__ The sub-groups consists of the five oldest members (BEST) and four youngest members (7) respectively." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub (or club) is an entertainment venue and bar that usually operates late into the night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub is generally distinguished from regular bars, pubs or taverns by the inclusion of a stage for live music, one or more dance floor areas and a DJ booth, where a DJ plays recorded music.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The upmarket nature of nightclubs can be seen in the inclusion of VIP areas in some nightclubs, for celebrities and their guests.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Nightclubs are much more likely than pubs or sports bars to use bouncers to screen prospective clubgoers for entry.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Some nightclub bouncers do not admit people with ripped jeans or other informal clothing or gang apparel as part of a dress code.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The busiest nights for a nightclub are Friday and Saturday night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Most clubs or club nights cater to certain music genres, such as house music or hip hop.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub may also be called a discothèque or disco (these terms were generally used for 1970s and early 1980s-era venues), dance club, dance bar or live music club.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ From about 1900 to 1920, working class Americans would gather at honky tonks or juke joints to dance to music played on a piano or a jukebox.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Webster Hall is credited as the first modern nightclub, being built in 1886 and starting off as a \"social hall\", originally functioning as a home for dance and political activism events.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ Hip-hop dance refers to street dance styles primarily performed to hip-hop music or that have evolved as part of hip-hop culture.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ It includes a wide range of styles primarily breaking which was created in the 1970s and made popular by dance crews in the United States.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ The television show \"Soul Train\" and the 1980s films \"Breakin'\", \"Beat Street\", and \"Wild Style\" showcased these crews and dance styles in their early stages; therefore, giving hip-hop mainstream exposure.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ The dance industry responded with a commercial, studio-based version of hip-hop—sometimes called \"new style\"—and a hip-hop influenced style of jazz dance called \"jazz-funk\".", "Dance __knowledge__ Dance is a performing art form consisting of purposefully selected sequences of human movement.", "Dance __knowledge__ This movement has aesthetic and symbolic value, and is acknowledged as dance by performers and observers within a particular culture.", "Dance __knowledge__ Dance can be categorized and described by its choreography, by its repertoire of movements, or by its historical period or place of origin.", "Dance __knowledge__ An important distinction is to be drawn between the contexts of theatrical and participatory dance, although these two categories are not always completely separate; both may have special functions, whether social, ceremonial, competitive, erotic, martial, or sacred/liturgical.", "Lion dance __knowledge__ Lion dance () is a form of traditional dance in Chinese culture and other Asian countries in which performers mimic a lion's movements in a lion costume to bring good luck and fortune.", "Lion dance __knowledge__ The lion dance is usually performed during the Chinese New Year and other Chinese traditional, cultural and religious festivals.", "Lion dance __knowledge__ It may also be performed at important occasions such as business opening events, special celebrations or wedding ceremonies, or may be used to honour special guests by the Chinese communities.", "Lion dance __knowledge__ The Chinese lion dance is sometimes mistakenly referred to as dragon dance by most first timers.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ Dance in China has a long recorded history.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ Some Chinese dances today, such as dancing with long sleeves, have been recorded at least as early as the Zhou dynasty (c. 1045–256 BCE).", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ The most important of the early dances served important ritual and ceremonial roles and are known as \"yayue\" which continued to be performed in the imperial court until the Qing dynasty.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ A profusion of dances in popular and court entertainment as well as folk dances have been recorded in ancient texts.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ The art of dance in China reached a peak during the Tang dynasty (618–907 CE) but declined later.", "History of Chinese dance __knowledge__ In more recent times dance has enjoyed a resurgence and modern developments in Chinese dances are continuing apace.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ Tabitha A.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ D'umo (née Cortopassi; born September 11, 1973) and Napoleon Buddy D'umo (born October 17, 1968), known together as Nappytabs, are Emmy Award-winning married choreographers who are often credited with developing \"lyrical\" hip-hop.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ They are best known for their choreography on the television show \"So You Think You Can Dance\" and for being supervising choreographers and executive producers of \"America's Best Dance Crew\".", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ Since being with the former, their choreography has received both praise and criticism.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ They own Nappytabs urban dancewear and have been working in the dance industry since 1996.", "Disco __knowledge__ Disco is a musical style originating in the early 1970s.", "Disco __knowledge__ It began to emerge from America's urban nightlife scene, where it had been curtailed to house parties and makeshift discotheques from the middle of the decade onwards, after which, it began making regular mainstream appearances, gaining popularity and increasing airplay on radio.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its popularity was achieved sometime during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its initial audiences in the U.S. were club-goers, both male and female, from the African American, Italian American, Latino, and psychedelic communities in Philadelphia, Chicago, San Francisco, and New York City during the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "Once Upon a Time (Disney parks) __knowledge__ Once Upon a Time is a nighttime spectacular at Tokyo Disneyland and Magic Kingdom.", "Once Upon a Time (Disney parks) __knowledge__ Similar to \"Celebrate the Magic\" and \"Disney Dreams!", "Once Upon a Time (Disney parks) __knowledge__ \", the Tokyo show premiered on May 29, 2014, and utilizes fireworks, lasers, fire, projection mapping, and searchlights during the 19-minute presentation.", "Once Upon a Time (Disney parks) __knowledge__ The Magic Kingdom version is shorter and excludes the use of fire and lasers.", "Once Upon a Time (Disney parks) __knowledge__ In October 2013, Tokyo Disney Resort announced that \"Once Upon a Time\", a new nighttime entertainment at Tokyo Disneyland, would premiere on May 29, 2014.", "Once Upon a Time (Disney parks) __knowledge__ This nighttime entertainment uses projection mapping technology to produce a three-dimensional effect by projecting images in a way that fits the contours of buildings and other structures.", "Disneyland Park (Paris) __knowledge__ Disneyland Park, originally Euro Disney, is a theme park found at Disneyland Paris in Marne-la-Vallée, France.", "Disneyland Park (Paris) __knowledge__ The park opened on 12 April 1992 as the first of the two parks built at the resort.", "Disneyland Park (Paris) __knowledge__ Designed and built by Walt Disney Imagineering, its layout and attractions are similar to Disneyland Park in Anaheim, California and Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World in Bay Lake, Florida.", "Disneyland Park (Paris) __knowledge__ Spanning (the second largest Disney park based on the original, after Shanghai Disneyland Park), it is dedicated to fairy tales and Disney characters.", "Disneyland Park (Paris) __knowledge__ In 2016, the park hosted approximately 8.4 million visitors, making it the most-visited theme park in Europe, and the 13th-most visited theme park in the world.", "Disneyland __knowledge__ Disneyland Park, originally Disneyland, is the first of two theme parks built at the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California, opened on July 16, 1955 for invite only but opened to the public on July 17, 1955.", "Disneyland __knowledge__ It is the only theme park designed and built under the direct supervision of Walt Disney.", "Disneyland __knowledge__ It was originally the only attraction on the property; its official name was changed to Disneyland Park to distinguish it from the expanding complex in the 1990s.", "Disneyland __knowledge__ Walt Disney came up with the concept of Disneyland after visiting various amusement parks with his daughters in the 1930s and 1940s.", "Disneyland __knowledge__ He initially envisioned building a tourist attraction adjacent to his studios in Burbank to entertain fans who wished to visit; however, he soon realized that the proposed site was too small.", "Six Flags Great America __knowledge__ Six Flags Great America is a Six Flags amusement park located at Gurnee, Illinois, in the Chicago metropolitan area.", "Six Flags Great America __knowledge__ It first opened in 1976 as Marriott's Great America.", "Six Flags Great America __knowledge__ Six Flags purchased the park from the Marriott Corporation in 1984, making it the seventh park in the chain.", "Six Flags Great America __knowledge__ As of 2016, the park has ten themed sections, a water park, three specially themed children's areas, and various other forms of entertainment.", "Six Flags Great America __knowledge__ The 2016 attendance of the park is estimated to be 2,950,000 million visitors.", "Six Flags Great America __knowledge__ Six Flags Great America is 5th in number of roller coasters at any theme park in the world.", "Six Flags Great America __knowledge__ Marriott Corporation began construction on the park in 1974 and opened it on May 29, 1976, as \"Marriott's Great America\" (a sister park, with almost identical layout and attractions, opened in northern California in Santa Clara the same year).", "Magical: Disney's New Nighttime Spectacular of Magical Celebrations __knowledge__ Magical: Disney's New Nighttime Spectacular of Magical Celebrations was a fireworks show at Disneyland.", "Magical: Disney's New Nighttime Spectacular of Magical Celebrations __knowledge__ The show features recorded music and dialogue, fireworks, lower level pyrotechnics, 10k spotlights, and gobo projections via Vari-Lite 3000 Spot fixtures housed in enclosures on Sleeping Beauty Castle and the Matterhorn.", "Magical: Disney's New Nighttime Spectacular of Magical Celebrations __knowledge__ The show's main musical theme is an adapted rendition of the main theme from Tokyo Disneyland's \"It's Magical\" 10th Anniversary Castle Show and Epcot Center's Splashtacular.", "Magical: Disney's New Nighttime Spectacular of Magical Celebrations __knowledge__ \"Magical\" was intended as a replacement for \"Remember... Dreams Come True\" and as a nighttime entertainment offering for Disneyland's Summer Nightastic promotion.", "Real Nighttime __knowledge__ Real Nighttime is the second full-length album from Game Theory, a California power pop band founded by guitarist and singer-songwriter Scott Miller.", "Real Nighttime __knowledge__ Released in 1985, the album is cited as \"a watershed work in '80s paisley underground pop.\"", "Real Nighttime __knowledge__ A 30th anniversary reissue was released in March 2015, on CD and in a limited first pressing on red vinyl, with 13 bonus tracks.", "Real Nighttime __knowledge__ The album was the group's first to be produced by Mitch Easter, who continued as the producer of all of their subsequent albums.", "Real Nighttime __knowledge__ \"Real Nighttime\" was the last of Game Theory's albums to be recorded by the band's Davis, California-based line-up, a quartet fronted by Scott Miller on guitar and lead vocals.", "Nanboku-chō period __knowledge__ The , spanning from 1336 to 1392, was a period that occurred during the formative years of the Muromachi bakufu of Japanese history.", "Nanboku-chō period __knowledge__ During this period, there existed a Northern Imperial Court, established by Ashikaga Takauji in Kyoto, and a Southern Imperial Court, established by Emperor Go-Daigo in Yoshino.", "Nanboku-chō period __knowledge__ Ideologically, the two courts fought for fifty years, with the South giving up to the North in 1392.", "Nanboku-chō period __knowledge__ However, in reality the Northern line was under the power of the Ashikaga shoguns and had little real independence.", "Nanboku-chō period __knowledge__ Since the 19th century the Emperors of the Southern Imperial Court have been considered the legitimate Emperors of Japan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub (or club) is an entertainment venue and bar that usually operates late into the night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub is generally distinguished from regular bars, pubs or taverns by the inclusion of a stage for live music, one or more dance floor areas and a DJ booth, where a DJ plays recorded music.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The upmarket nature of nightclubs can be seen in the inclusion of VIP areas in some nightclubs, for celebrities and their guests.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Nightclubs are much more likely than pubs or sports bars to use bouncers to screen prospective clubgoers for entry.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Some nightclub bouncers do not admit people with ripped jeans or other informal clothing or gang apparel as part of a dress code.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The busiest nights for a nightclub are Friday and Saturday night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Most clubs or club nights cater to certain music genres, such as house music or hip hop.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub may also be called a discothèque or disco (these terms were generally used for 1970s and early 1980s-era venues), dance club, dance bar or live music club.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ From about 1900 to 1920, working class Americans would gather at honky tonks or juke joints to dance to music played on a piano or a jukebox.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Webster Hall is credited as the first modern nightclub, being built in 1886 and starting off as a \"social hall\", originally functioning as a home for dance and political activism events.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ European hip hop is hip hop music created by European musicians.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop is a style of music developed by African American and Caribbean communities in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Due to this success, it has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Europe where many diverse and unique styles of hip hop have been created.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ This diversity is especially apparent in the forms of hip hop music and culture emanating from settler communities from Europe's former colonies and peripheries.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ In Denmark, Hip Hop rap music has been growing steadily more popular over the last fifteen years and began with Danish language acts such as MC Einar and Rockers by Choice, later on: less knowned Rip Rap & Rock, Flopstarz, Humleridderne and Faktaposen, The Danish way of doing rap music was topped in the 80's towards acceptance among the common people who did not listen to any rap music was with a rap song called: \"Rap Nu\" by the famed and beloved old Danish football commentator: Gunnar \"Nu\" Hansen.", "Run-DMC __knowledge__ Run-DMC was an American hip hop group from Hollis, Queens, New York, founded in 1981 by Joseph Simmons, Darryl McDaniels, and Jason Mizell.", "Run-DMC __knowledge__ Run-DMC is widely acknowledged as one of the most influential acts in the history of hip hop culture and one of the most famous hip-hop acts of the 1980s.", "Run-DMC __knowledge__ Along with LL Cool J, The Beastie Boys, and Public Enemy, the group pioneered new school hip-hop music.", "Run-DMC __knowledge__ Run-DMC was the first group in the genre to have a gold album (\"Run–D.M.C.", "Run-DMC __knowledge__ \", 1984) and be nominated for a Grammy Award.", "Run-DMC __knowledge__ They were the first to earn a platinum record (\"King of Rock\", 1985), the first to earn a multiplatinum certification (\"Raising Hell\", 1986), the first to have their videos broadcast on MTV, and the first to appear on \"American Bandstand\" and the cover of \"Rolling Stone\".", "Turntablism __knowledge__ Turntablism is the art of manipulating sounds and creating new music, sound effects, mixes and other creative sounds and beats, typically by using two or more turntables and a cross fader-equipped DJ mixer.", "Turntablism __knowledge__ The mixer is plugged into a PA system for live events and/or broadcasting equipment (if the DJ is performing on radio, TV or Internet radio) so that a wider audience can hear the turntablist's music.", "Turntablism __knowledge__ Turntablists manipulate records on a turntable by moving the record with their hand to cue the stylus to exact points on a record, and by touching or moving the platter or record to stop, slow down, speed up or, spin the record backwards, or moving the turntable platter back and forth (the popular rhythmic \"scratching\" effect which is a key part of hip hop music), all while using a DJ mixer's crossfader control and the mixer's gain and equalization controls to adjust the sound and level of each turntable.", "Canadian hip hop __knowledge__ The Canadian hip hop scene was first established in the 1980s.", "Canadian hip hop __knowledge__ Through a variety of factors, it developed much more slowly than Canada's popular rock music scene, and apart from a short-lived burst of mainstream popularity from 1989 to 1991, it remained largely an underground phenomenon until the early 2000s.", "Canadian hip hop __knowledge__ Canada had hip hop artists right from the early days of the scene—the first known English Canadian rap single, Singing Fools' \"The Bum Rap\", was released in 1982, and the first French rap single, Lucien Francœur's \"Le Rap-à-Billy\", was released in 1983.", "Canadian hip hop __knowledge__ Toronto's CKLN-FM was also an early supporter of the genre, launching Canada's first hip hop program, \"The Fantastic Voyage\", in 1983.", "Pinoy hip hop __knowledge__ Filipino hip-hop or Pinoy hip hop (also known as Pinoy rap) is hip hop music performed by musicians of Filipino descent, both in the Philippines and overseas, especially by Filipino-Americans.", "Pinoy hip hop __knowledge__ This article focuses first on Filipino hip-hop in the Philippines, and secondly on that in the US.", "Pinoy hip hop __knowledge__ The Philippines is known to have had the first hip-hop music scene in Asia since the early 1980s, largely due to the country's historical connections with the United States where hip-hop originated.", "Pinoy hip hop __knowledge__ Rap music released in the Philippines has appeared in different languages or dialects such as Tagalog, Chavacano, Cebuano, Ilocano and English.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ Hip-hop dance refers to street dance styles primarily performed to hip-hop music or that have evolved as part of hip-hop culture.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ It includes a wide range of styles primarily breaking which was created in the 1970s and made popular by dance crews in the United States.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ The television show \"Soul Train\" and the 1980s films \"Breakin'\", \"Beat Street\", and \"Wild Style\" showcased these crews and dance styles in their early stages; therefore, giving hip-hop mainstream exposure.", "Hip-hop dance __knowledge__ The dance industry responded with a commercial, studio-based version of hip-hop—sometimes called \"new style\"—and a hip-hop influenced style of jazz dance called \"jazz-funk\".", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ Tabitha A.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ D'umo (née Cortopassi; born September 11, 1973) and Napoleon Buddy D'umo (born October 17, 1968), known together as Nappytabs, are Emmy Award-winning married choreographers who are often credited with developing \"lyrical\" hip-hop.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ They are best known for their choreography on the television show \"So You Think You Can Dance\" and for being supervising choreographers and executive producers of \"America's Best Dance Crew\".", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ Since being with the former, their choreography has received both praise and criticism.", "Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo __knowledge__ They own Nappytabs urban dancewear and have been working in the dance industry since 1996.", "History of hip-hop dance __knowledge__ The History of Hip-Hop dance encompasses the people and events since the late 1960s that have contributed to the development of the early hip-hop dance moves, such as uprock, breaking, locking, roboting, boogaloo, and popping.", "History of hip-hop dance __knowledge__ Black Americans and Latino Americans created uprock and breaking in New York City.", "History of hip-hop dance __knowledge__ Black Americans in California created locking, roboting, boogaloo, and popping—collectively referred to as the \"funk styles\".", "History of hip-hop dance __knowledge__ All of these dance styles are different stylistically.", "History of hip-hop dance __knowledge__ They share common ground in their street origins and in their improvisational nature.", "History of hip-hop dance __knowledge__ More than 50 years old, hip-hop dance became widely known after the first professional street-based dance crews formed in the 1970s in the United States.", "Rennie Harris __knowledge__ Rennie Harris (born Lorenzo Harris on January 28, 1964) is a dancer, choreographer, artistic director and professor of hip-hop dance.", "Rennie Harris __knowledge__ Harris formed the first and longest running hip-hop dance touring company, Rennie Harris Puremovement in 1992.", "Rennie Harris __knowledge__ In 2007, he conceived another touring company, RHAW or Rennie Harris Awe-Inspiring Works.", "Rennie Harris __knowledge__ Harris has received numerous awards for his theatrical hip-hop dance performances or what he refers to as, \"Hip-Hop concert dance\".", "Rennie Harris __knowledge__ He is known for such works as Rome and Jewels, Facing Mekka, 100 NAKED LOCKS, Heaven, and a host of innovative repertory works, which have broken many stereotypes and expectations of hip-hop dance.", "Breakdancing __knowledge__ Breaking, also called b-boying/b-girling or breakdancing, is an athletic style of street dance.", "Breakdancing __knowledge__ While diverse in the amount of variation available in the dance, breakdancing mainly consists of four kinds of movement: \"toprock\", \"downrock\", \"power moves\", and \"freezes\".", "Breakdancing __knowledge__ Breakdancing is typically set to hip-hop, funk, and breakbeat music, although modern trends allow for much wider varieties of music along certain ranges of tempo and beat patterns.", "Breakdancing __knowledge__ The dance style originated primarily among Puerto Rican and African-American youths (many of them former members of street gangs, such as the Black Spades, the Young Spades, and the Baby Spades) during the mid-1970s in the Bronx." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub (or club) is an entertainment venue and bar that usually operates late into the night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub is generally distinguished from regular bars, pubs or taverns by the inclusion of a stage for live music, one or more dance floor areas and a DJ booth, where a DJ plays recorded music.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The upmarket nature of nightclubs can be seen in the inclusion of VIP areas in some nightclubs, for celebrities and their guests.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Nightclubs are much more likely than pubs or sports bars to use bouncers to screen prospective clubgoers for entry.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Some nightclub bouncers do not admit people with ripped jeans or other informal clothing or gang apparel as part of a dress code.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The busiest nights for a nightclub are Friday and Saturday night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Most clubs or club nights cater to certain music genres, such as house music or hip hop.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub may also be called a discothèque or disco (these terms were generally used for 1970s and early 1980s-era venues), dance club, dance bar or live music club.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ From about 1900 to 1920, working class Americans would gather at honky tonks or juke joints to dance to music played on a piano or a jukebox.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Webster Hall is credited as the first modern nightclub, being built in 1886 and starting off as a \"social hall\", originally functioning as a home for dance and political activism events.", "Texas Alliance for Life __knowledge__ The Texas Alliance for Life is an anti-abortion lobbying organization in the State of Texas.", "Texas Alliance for Life __knowledge__ The group opposes \"the advocacy and practice of abortion (except to preserve the mother's life).\"", "Texas Alliance for Life __knowledge__ The group also opposes euthanasia and \"all forms of assisted suicide.\"", "Texas Alliance for Life __knowledge__ It is based in Austin, Texas.", "Texas Alliance for Life __knowledge__ Joe Pojman is the founder and executive director of Texas Alliance for Life.", "Texas Alliance for Life __knowledge__ He is a registered lobbyist in Texas, and in 2013 said that he had \"been lobbying the Capitol for 26 years.\"", "Texas Alliance for Life __knowledge__ Texas Alliance for Life helped draft a strict state anti-abortion law (House Bill 2 of 2013) that imposed targeted regulation of abortion providers, leading to the closure more than two dozen clinics across Texas.", "Matt Rinaldi __knowledge__ Matthew Daniel Rinaldi (born April 11, 1975) is an attorney and legislator from Irving, Texas who is a Republican member of the Texas House of Representatives from District 115 in Dallas County.", "Matt Rinaldi __knowledge__ Rinaldi graduated from James Madison University in Harrisonburg, Virginia, at which he drew national attention for his successful effort to have the Pledge of Allegiance recited prior to meetings of the student government association.", "Matt Rinaldi __knowledge__ He graduated in 2001 with a Juris Doctor degree from Boston University School of Law.", "Matt Rinaldi __knowledge__ Upon receiving his law degree, Rinaldi became a litigation associate with the Dallas office of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher.", "Wayne Smith (Texas politician) __knowledge__ Richard Wayne Smith, known as Wayne Smith (born August 17, 1943), commonly known as Wayne Smith, is a former seven-term Republican member of the Texas House of Representatives for District 128.", "Wayne Smith (Texas politician) __knowledge__ He was first elected in November 2002 and served until January 2017.", "Wayne Smith (Texas politician) __knowledge__ On May 24, 2016, Smith was unseated by 23 votes in the Republican runoff election by Briscoe Cain, 3,050 (50.2%) to 3,027 (49.8%) Smith was born in Bell County, Texas to James Richard Smith and the former Mary Ruth Bouldin.", "Wayne Smith (Texas politician) __knowledge__ He is a veteran of the United States Army, in which he served in the Vietnam War and won 4 Campaign Stars, the Army Good Conduct Medal, the Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal, and the National Service Medal.", "Tony Dale __knowledge__ Anthony William Dale, known as Tony Dale (born June 11, 1969) is a businessman from suburban Cedar Park, Texas, who is a Republican member of the Texas House of Representatives from District 136, which encompasses part of Williamson County near Austin on the eastern edge of the Texas Hill Country.", "Tony Dale __knowledge__ First elected in 2012, Dale was reelected to successive two-year terms in 2014 and 2016.", "Tony Dale __knowledge__ House District 136 consists of the Williamson County portion of Austin, the City of Cedar Park, the City of Leander, North Austin MUD #1 (Rattan Creek), Block House Creek MUD, Brushy Creek MUD, Fern Bluf MUD and a small portion of Round Rock.", "Glenn Canfield Jr. __knowledge__ Glenn Canfield Jr. (September 20, 1935 – January 30, 2006) was an American metallurgist and businessman.", "Glenn Canfield Jr. __knowledge__ Glenn Canfield Jr. was born September 20, 1935 in Springfield, Illinois to Ruth K. and Glenn Canfield.", "Glenn Canfield Jr. __knowledge__ He was the first of four children.", "Glenn Canfield Jr. __knowledge__ He served in the United States Navy, earning the rank of Aviation Structural Mechanic Third Class.", "Glenn Canfield Jr. __knowledge__ He served in the Korean and China Sea areas and was discharged after the Korean War.", "Glenn Canfield Jr. __knowledge__ Canfield graduated from the University of Illinois in 1959 with a bachelor's degree in metallurgical engineering.", "Glenn Canfield Jr. __knowledge__ He was second in his class of engineers.", "Glenn Canfield Jr. __knowledge__ He earned an MBA from the University of Texas at Tyler in 1987.", "Angie Chen Button __knowledge__ Angie Chen Button (; born February 9, 1954) is a Certified Public Accountant and a retired marketing manager of Texas Instruments from Garland, Texas, who is a Republican member of the Texas House of Representatives.", "Angie Chen Button __knowledge__ Since 2009, she has represented District 112 in Dallas County.", "Angie Chen Button __knowledge__ Button was born into the seven-person Chen family in Taipei, Taiwan.", "Angie Chen Button __knowledge__ The Chens lived in a 300-square foot, one-room hut without a bathroom or a kitchen.", "Angie Chen Button __knowledge__ The Chen's were the only Christian family in their small village.", "Angie Chen Button __knowledge__ She came to the United States, where as a graduate student in Public Finance and Management Services at the University of Texas at Dallas, she met her future husband, Darcy Glen Button (born May 31, 1955).", "Stan Woch __knowledge__ Stan Woch (born July 8, 1959) is an American artist who has worked on comic strips and comic books.", "Stan Woch __knowledge__ After attending the Pratt Institute and The Kubert School, Stan Woch's early career included work as an assistant to Gray Morrow on the \"Barbara Cartland Romances\" and \"Buck Rogers\" comic strips.", "Stan Woch __knowledge__ He then worked in the comic book industry as a penciller and inker.", "Stan Woch __knowledge__ His first work for DC Comics was published in \"New Talent Showcase\" #1 (Jan. 1984).", "Stan Woch __knowledge__ His credits as a penciller include the 1980s \"Airboy\" series, DC Comics' \"Swamp Thing\" and \"World's Finest Comics\".", "Stan Woch __knowledge__ He was one of the contributors to the \"DC Challenge\" limited series and he drew part of the \"\" collection of Neil Gaiman's \"The Sandman\" series.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ European hip hop is hip hop music created by European musicians.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop is a style of music developed by African American and Caribbean communities in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Due to this success, it has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Europe where many diverse and unique styles of hip hop have been created.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ This diversity is especially apparent in the forms of hip hop music and culture emanating from settler communities from Europe's former colonies and peripheries.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ In Denmark, Hip Hop rap music has been growing steadily more popular over the last fifteen years and began with Danish language acts such as MC Einar and Rockers by Choice, later on: less knowned Rip Rap & Rock, Flopstarz, Humleridderne and Faktaposen, The Danish way of doing rap music was topped in the 80's towards acceptance among the common people who did not listen to any rap music was with a rap song called: \"Rap Nu\" by the famed and beloved old Danish football commentator: Gunnar \"Nu\" Hansen.", "Run-DMC __knowledge__ Run-DMC was an American hip hop group from Hollis, Queens, New York, founded in 1981 by Joseph Simmons, Darryl McDaniels, and Jason Mizell.", "Run-DMC __knowledge__ Run-DMC is widely acknowledged as one of the most influential acts in the history of hip hop culture and one of the most famous hip-hop acts of the 1980s.", "Run-DMC __knowledge__ Along with LL Cool J, The Beastie Boys, and Public Enemy, the group pioneered new school hip-hop music.", "Run-DMC __knowledge__ Run-DMC was the first group in the genre to have a gold album (\"Run–D.M.C.", "Run-DMC __knowledge__ \", 1984) and be nominated for a Grammy Award.", "Run-DMC __knowledge__ They were the first to earn a platinum record (\"King of Rock\", 1985), the first to earn a multiplatinum certification (\"Raising Hell\", 1986), the first to have their videos broadcast on MTV, and the first to appear on \"American Bandstand\" and the cover of \"Rolling Stone\".", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "Canadian hip hop __knowledge__ The Canadian hip hop scene was first established in the 1980s.", "Canadian hip hop __knowledge__ Through a variety of factors, it developed much more slowly than Canada's popular rock music scene, and apart from a short-lived burst of mainstream popularity from 1989 to 1991, it remained largely an underground phenomenon until the early 2000s.", "Canadian hip hop __knowledge__ Canada had hip hop artists right from the early days of the scene—the first known English Canadian rap single, Singing Fools' \"The Bum Rap\", was released in 1982, and the first French rap single, Lucien Francœur's \"Le Rap-à-Billy\", was released in 1983.", "Canadian hip hop __knowledge__ Toronto's CKLN-FM was also an early supporter of the genre, launching Canada's first hip hop program, \"The Fantastic Voyage\", in 1983.", "Darryl McDaniels __knowledge__ Darryl \"D.M.C.\"", "Darryl McDaniels __knowledge__ Matthews McDaniels (born May 31, 1964) is an American musician.", "Darryl McDaniels __knowledge__ He is a founding member of the hip hop group Run–D.M.C., and is considered one of the pioneers of hip hop culture.", "Darryl McDaniels __knowledge__ McDaniels grew up in New York City.", "Darryl McDaniels __knowledge__ He was born to an unwed mother who surrendered him to the New York Foundling home.", "Darryl McDaniels __knowledge__ He was a ward of the Foundling, in foster care, until placed with the McDaniels and eventually adopted by them.", "Darryl McDaniels __knowledge__ He attended Rice High School in Manhattan and later enrolled in St. John's University in Queens.", "Darryl McDaniels __knowledge__ McDaniels first became interested in hip hop music after listening to recordings of Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five.", "Australian hip hop __knowledge__ Australian hip hop traces its origins to the early 1980s and is largely inspired by hip hop and other predominantly African-American musical genres from the United States.", "Australian hip hop __knowledge__ As the form matured, Australian hip hop has become a commercially viable style of music that is no longer restricted to the creative underground, with artists such as Hilltop Hoods and Bliss n Eso achieving notable fame.", "Australian hip hop __knowledge__ Australian hip-hop is still primarily released through independent record labels, which are often owned and operated by the artists themselves.", "Australian hip hop __knowledge__ Despite its genesis as an offshoot of American hip hop, Australian hip hop has developed a distinct regional personality that reflects its evolution as an Australian musical style." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub (or club) is an entertainment venue and bar that usually operates late into the night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub is generally distinguished from regular bars, pubs or taverns by the inclusion of a stage for live music, one or more dance floor areas and a DJ booth, where a DJ plays recorded music.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The upmarket nature of nightclubs can be seen in the inclusion of VIP areas in some nightclubs, for celebrities and their guests.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Nightclubs are much more likely than pubs or sports bars to use bouncers to screen prospective clubgoers for entry.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Some nightclub bouncers do not admit people with ripped jeans or other informal clothing or gang apparel as part of a dress code.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ The busiest nights for a nightclub are Friday and Saturday night.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Most clubs or club nights cater to certain music genres, such as house music or hip hop.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ A nightclub may also be called a discothèque or disco (these terms were generally used for 1970s and early 1980s-era venues), dance club, dance bar or live music club.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ From about 1900 to 1920, working class Americans would gather at honky tonks or juke joints to dance to music played on a piano or a jukebox.", "Nightclub __knowledge__ Webster Hall is credited as the first modern nightclub, being built in 1886 and starting off as a \"social hall\", originally functioning as a home for dance and political activism events.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ A private timber reserve is an area of privately owned land, used or intended to be used, for growing timber within the Australian state of Tasmania.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ Landowners can have their land declared as a Private Timber Reserve and protect their right to use private land to grow timber.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ Private land or freehold land refers to land registered under Torrens title.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ A landowner is the person(s) and/or legal entity registered on the Torrens Title.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ Private Timber Reserves are unique, with no other State in Australia, or internationally, providing the land owner with protection of their rights to use their planted land, land they intend to plant or native forests areas, to grow timber.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Watergate scandal __knowledge__ The Watergate scandal was a major political scandal that occurred in the United States during the early 1970s, following a break-in by five men at the Democratic National Committee (DNC) headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C. on June 17, 1972, and President Richard Nixon's administration's subsequent attempt to cover up its involvement.", "Watergate scandal __knowledge__ After the five burglars were caught and the conspiracy was discovered, Watergate was investigated by the United States Congress.", "Watergate scandal __knowledge__ Meanwhile, Nixon's administration resisted its probes, which led to a constitutional crisis.", "Watergate scandal __knowledge__ The term \"Watergate\", by metonymy, has come to encompass an array of clandestine and often illegal activities undertaken by members of the Nixon administration.", "Conocramboides __knowledge__ Conocramboides is a monotypic moth genus of the Crambidae family described by Stanisław Błeszyński in 1970.", "Conocramboides __knowledge__ Its only species, Conocramboides seychellellus, described by Thomas Bainbrigge Fletcher in 1910, is found in the Seychelles, Réunion and in Mauritius.", "Conocramboides __knowledge__ Food plants of the larvae of this species are Poaceae (\"Cynodon dactylon\", \"Axonopus compressus\", \"Digitaria didactyla\", \"Zoysia matrella\" and \"Cynodon dactylon\")", "Division (mathematics) __knowledge__ Division is one of the four basic operations of arithmetic, the others being addition, subtraction, and multiplication.", "Division (mathematics) __knowledge__ The division of two natural numbers is the process of calculating the number of times one number is contained within another one.", "Division (mathematics) __knowledge__ For example, in the picture on the right, the 20 apples are divided into groups of five apples, and there exist four groups, meaning that five can be contained within 20 four times, or .", "Division (mathematics) __knowledge__ Division can also be thought of as the process of evaluating a fraction, and fractional notation ( and ) is commonly used to represent division.", "Division (mathematics) __knowledge__ Division can be viewed either as quotition or as partition.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Canadian hip hop __knowledge__ The Canadian hip hop scene was first established in the 1980s.", "Canadian hip hop __knowledge__ Through a variety of factors, it developed much more slowly than Canada's popular rock music scene, and apart from a short-lived burst of mainstream popularity from 1989 to 1991, it remained largely an underground phenomenon until the early 2000s.", "Canadian hip hop __knowledge__ Canada had hip hop artists right from the early days of the scene—the first known English Canadian rap single, Singing Fools' \"The Bum Rap\", was released in 1982, and the first French rap single, Lucien Francœur's \"Le Rap-à-Billy\", was released in 1983.", "Canadian hip hop __knowledge__ Toronto's CKLN-FM was also an early supporter of the genre, launching Canada's first hip hop program, \"The Fantastic Voyage\", in 1983.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ European hip hop is hip hop music created by European musicians.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop is a style of music developed by African American and Caribbean communities in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Due to this success, it has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Europe where many diverse and unique styles of hip hop have been created.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ This diversity is especially apparent in the forms of hip hop music and culture emanating from settler communities from Europe's former colonies and peripheries.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ In Denmark, Hip Hop rap music has been growing steadily more popular over the last fifteen years and began with Danish language acts such as MC Einar and Rockers by Choice, later on: less knowned Rip Rap & Rock, Flopstarz, Humleridderne and Faktaposen, The Danish way of doing rap music was topped in the 80's towards acceptance among the common people who did not listen to any rap music was with a rap song called: \"Rap Nu\" by the famed and beloved old Danish football commentator: Gunnar \"Nu\" Hansen.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ The Neptunes are a two-member producing group consisting of Pharrell Williams and Chad Hugo.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ This discography lists the recorded performances as a duo and individuals.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ It also lists the writing and production credits as The Neptunes, as Williams or Hugo, or both.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ Song names that are bold are singles, album names/releases are in \"italics\".", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ S.B.I.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) – \"S.B.I.", "The Neptunes production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" (With Larry Live, DJ Timmy Tim aka \"Timbaland\", Mr. Magoo & Magnum The Verb Lord aka \"Pharrell Williams\", All Tracks Produced By DJ Timmy Tim aka \"Timbaland\") Wreckx N' Effect – \"Hard Or Smooth (November 24th, US #9)\" (All Tracks Produced By Teddy Riley, Written By Pharrell Williams) BLACKstreet – \"BLACKstreet (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" (Produced By Teddy Riley) SWV – \"Right Here (VLS) (July 10th, US #29)\" (All Tracks Produced By Teddy Riley) The Legacy – \"Technobodies (Unreleased)\" (All Tracks Produced By DJ Chase Chad aka Chad Hugo) The Party – \"All About Love (Promo CDS)\" (Produced By Demetrius Ship) BLACKstreet – \"Blackstreet (June 21st, US #7)\" Wreckx N' Effect – \"NBA Jam Session\" (Produced By Teddy Riley, Written By Pharrell Williams) Average Guyz – \"First Come, First Serve (Unreleased)\" (Produced By Chad Hugo) * * Mystikal – \"Mind Of Mystikal (October 15th)\" (Produced By Pharrell Williams & Leroy 'Precise' Edwards) SWV – \"The New Beginning (April 23)\" \"Use Your Heart (CDS) (July 28th, #6)\" Total – \"Total (January 13, US #23)\" (Samples Bee Gee's – Love You Inside Out) Jay-Z – \"In My Lifetime Vol.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Illmatic is the debut studio album by American rapper Nas.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ It was released on April 19, 1994, by Columbia Records.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ After signing with the label with the help of MC Serch, Nas recorded the album in 1992 and 1993 at Chung King Studios, D&D Recording, Battery Studios, and Unique Recording Studios in New York City.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Its production was handled by DJ Premier, Large Professor, Pete Rock, Q-Tip, L.E.S.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ and Nas himself.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Styled as a hardcore hip hop album, \"Illmatic\" features multi-syllabic internal rhymes and inner-city narratives based on Nas's experiences in Queensbridge, New York.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ The album debuted at number 12 on the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart, selling 60,000 copies in its first week.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop music arrived in Cuba via radio and TV broadcasts from Miami.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ During the 1980s hip hop culture in Cuba was mainly centred on breakdancing.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ But by the 1990s, with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the onset of the Special Period, young \"raperos\" were seeking ways to express their frustrations.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ Initially hip hop was viewed with suspicion, not just by the government, but by many in the community as well.", "Cuban hip hop __knowledge__ With raperos emulating US rappers' aggressive posturing and lyrical content, hip hop was seen as just another cultural invasion from the US, bringing with it the violence and problems of the ghettos." ] ]

[ 1, 22, 22, 70, 24 ]

[ "I haven't in a while, but I do like the nighttime entertainment.", "I do too! Do you like to hip-hop dance?", "Run DMC is a great hip hop group out of New York.", "I'm in California. I'd love to listen to some Canadian hip hop!", "Yeah, they definitely wouldn't sing about the Watergate scandal!" ]

[ "Nightclub", "Nightclub", "Nightclub", "Nightclub", "Nightclub" ]

[ "Influencer marketing\nAre you familiar with Influencer Marketing?", "Exactly! It was completely found from personal influence.", "I believe the testimonials from customers are basically configured based on how well the seller influenced them they needed it.", "I have not, what are they about?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Influencer marketing (also influence marketing) is a form of marketing in which focus is placed on influential people rather than the target market as a whole.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ It identifies the individuals that have influence over potential buyers, and orients marketing activities around these influencers.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Influencer content may be framed as testimonial advertising where they play the role of a potential buyer themselves, or they may be third parties.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ These third parties exist either in the supply chain (retailers, manufacturers, etc.)", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ or may be so-called value-added influencers (such as journalists, academics, industry analysts, professional advisers, and so on).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ The idea of a \"two-step flow of communication\" was introduced in \"The People's Choice\" (Paul Lazarsfeld, Bernard Berelson, and Hazel Gaudet, a 1940 study on the decision making process of voters).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ This idea was further developed in \"Personal Influence\" (Lazarsfeld, Elihu Katz 1955) and \"The Effects of Mass Communication\" (Joseph Klapper 1960).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Most discussion on the generic topic of social influence centres on compliance and persuasion in a social environment, as exemplified in Robert Cialdini's book \"Influence: Science and Practice\".", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ In the context of influencer marketing, influence is less about argument and coercion to a particular point of view and more about loose interactions between various parties in a community.", "HYPR __knowledge__ HYPR is an influencer search and discovery engine.", "HYPR __knowledge__ It was founded in 2013.", "HYPR __knowledge__ The company offers brands and marketers in-depth audience analytics for around 10 million influencers across Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, Pinterest and YouTube.", "HYPR __knowledge__ HYPR was the recipient of the \"Best SaaS/Tracking Platform Award\" at the 2017 International Performance Marketing Awards in London.", "HYPR __knowledge__ The platform provides influencer audience demographic, psychographic and geographic data.", "HYPR __knowledge__ The company was founded in 2013 by Gil Eyal and Guy Tamir and is based in New York City, United States.", "HYPR __knowledge__ It also has an office in Tel-Aviv, Israel, and an office in London, UK.", "NeoReach __knowledge__ NeoReach is an influencer marketing software solution that large brands use to run influencer marketing campaigns.", "NeoReach __knowledge__ Using NeoReach, brands can search, manage, and track influencers internally within their company without going through an agency or MCN.", "NeoReach __knowledge__ The company has raised over $3 million USD in venture capital funding.", "NeoReach __knowledge__ NeoReach provides a complete influencer marketing software platform that helps enterprises identify their influencers and manage their influencer relationships.", "NeoReach __knowledge__ With NeoReach, marketers can \"search\" for influencers based on their audience, affinity, and performance, \"manage\" large-scale campaigns, and \"track\" their campaign performance.", "Gil Eyal __knowledge__ Gil Eyal is an Israeli- American entrepreneur and founder of HYPR, the world’s largest influencer search and discovery directory.", "Gil Eyal __knowledge__ He was also the COO of photo sharing app Mobli, that recruited celebrities for marketing, including Leonardo DiCaprio, Serena Williams, Lil Wayne and Austin Mahone.", "Gil Eyal __knowledge__ Gil Eyal is the current CEO and founder of Influencer marketing and Influencer discovery platform HYPR.", "Gil Eyal __knowledge__ He founded the platform in 2013.", "Gil Eyal __knowledge__ It served around hundred Fortune 500 companies as well as other agencies.", "Gil Eyal __knowledge__ His clients include Whitewave Danone, Digital Brand Architects, Sunshine Sachs, 72 and Sunny, LVMH, Next Models, PepsiCo, Mediacom, Michael Kors, Calvin Klein, Time Inc. and Estée Lauder.", "Thuzio __knowledge__ Thuzio provides businesses and professionals with access to celebrity talent and influencers through a comprehensive online platform, talent procurement services and an executive event series.", "Thuzio __knowledge__ Thuzio’s two unique products are Julius and Thuzio Executive Club.", "Thuzio __knowledge__ Julius is a SaaS influencer marketing platform that provides marketers with rich influencer data, advanced search capabilities, and the campaign management tools required to organize a successful influencer marketing strategy.", "Thuzio __knowledge__ Julius search brings over 50,000 influencer profiles to life and allows subscribers to identify creators via audience demographics, total social reach and engagement, strengths and interests, brand-work, and more.", "Digital marketing __knowledge__ Digital marketing is the marketing of products or services using digital technologies, mainly on the Internet, but also including mobile phones, display advertising, and any other digital medium.", "Digital marketing __knowledge__ Digital marketing's development since the 1990s and 2000s has changed the way brands and businesses use technology for marketing.", "Digital marketing __knowledge__ As digital platforms are increasingly incorporated into marketing plans and everyday life, and as people use digital devices instead of visiting physical shops, digital marketing campaigns are becoming more prevalent and efficient.", "Digital marketing __knowledge__ Digital marketing methods such as search engine optimization (SEO), search engine marketing (SEM), content marketing, influencer marketing, content automation, campaign marketing, data-driven marketing, e-commerce marketing, social media marketing, social media optimization, e-mail direct marketing, display advertising, e–books, and optical disks and games are becoming more common in our advancing technology.", "Billion Dollar Boy __knowledge__ Billion Dollar Boy is a global influencer marketing agency.", "Billion Dollar Boy __knowledge__ It combines creativity, technology and a global network of influencers to publish content and drive engagement across social media at scale.", "Billion Dollar Boy __knowledge__ It has two offices in London and New York City.", "Billion Dollar Boy __knowledge__ Its advisors include Hollywood producers Guy East and Nigel Sinclair.", "Billion Dollar Boy __knowledge__ The company initially focused on a digital rights management service aimed at independent film and TV production companies.", "Billion Dollar Boy __knowledge__ Billion Dollar Boy was founded on May 27, 2014 by Edward East, Thomas Walters and Permele Doyle.", "Billion Dollar Boy __knowledge__ Company clients include L'Oreal, Estée Lauder Companies, Armani, Diageo, Unilever and others." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Influencer marketing (also influence marketing) is a form of marketing in which focus is placed on influential people rather than the target market as a whole.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ It identifies the individuals that have influence over potential buyers, and orients marketing activities around these influencers.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Influencer content may be framed as testimonial advertising where they play the role of a potential buyer themselves, or they may be third parties.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ These third parties exist either in the supply chain (retailers, manufacturers, etc.)", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ or may be so-called value-added influencers (such as journalists, academics, industry analysts, professional advisers, and so on).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ The idea of a \"two-step flow of communication\" was introduced in \"The People's Choice\" (Paul Lazarsfeld, Bernard Berelson, and Hazel Gaudet, a 1940 study on the decision making process of voters).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ This idea was further developed in \"Personal Influence\" (Lazarsfeld, Elihu Katz 1955) and \"The Effects of Mass Communication\" (Joseph Klapper 1960).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Most discussion on the generic topic of social influence centres on compliance and persuasion in a social environment, as exemplified in Robert Cialdini's book \"Influence: Science and Practice\".", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ In the context of influencer marketing, influence is less about argument and coercion to a particular point of view and more about loose interactions between various parties in a community.", "Two-step flow of communication __knowledge__ The two-step flow of communication model says that most people form their opinions under the influence of opinion leaders, who in turn are influenced by the mass media.", "Two-step flow of communication __knowledge__ In contrast to the one-step flow of the hypodermic needle model or magic bullet theory, which holds that people are directly influenced by mass media, according to the two-step flow model, ideas flow from mass media to opinion leaders, and from them to a wider population.", "Two-step flow of communication __knowledge__ The theory is based on a 1940s study on social influence that states that media effects are indirectly established through the personal influence of opinion leaders.", "Robert Walpole __knowledge__ Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford, (26 August 1676 – 18 March 1745), known before 1742 as Sir Robert Walpole, was a British who is generally regarded as the \"de facto\" first Prime Minister of Great Britain.", "Robert Walpole __knowledge__ Although the exact dates of his dominance, the \"Robinocracy\", are a matter of scholarly debate, the period of 1721–42 is often used.", "Robert Walpole __knowledge__ He dominated the Walpole–Townshend ministry and the subsequent Walpole ministry, and holds the record as the longest-serving British prime minister in history.", "Robert Walpole __knowledge__ Speck says that Walpole's uninterrupted run of 20 years as Prime Minister:is rightly regarded as one of the major feats of British political history...", "Duncan Idaho __knowledge__ Duncan Idaho is a fictional character in the \"Dune\" universe created by Frank Herbert.", "Duncan Idaho __knowledge__ Introduced in the first novel of the series, 1965's \"Dune\", the character became a breakout character as the readers liked him and was revived by Herbert in 1969's \"Dune Messiah\".", "Duncan Idaho __knowledge__ He is the only character to feature in all six of Herbert's original \"Dune\" novels.", "Duncan Idaho __knowledge__ Idaho was portrayed by Richard Jordan in David Lynch's 1984 film version of \"Dune\", and by James Watson in the 2000 Sci-Fi Channel miniseries.", "Duncan Idaho __knowledge__ Edward Atterton assumed the role in the 2003 miniseries \"Children of Dune\".", "Duncan Idaho __knowledge__ In \"Dune\" (1965), Duncan is described as a handsome man with \"curling black hair\" to whom women are easily attracted.", "Light pollution __knowledge__ Light pollution, also known as photopollution, is the presence of anthropogenic light in the night environment.", "Light pollution __knowledge__ It is exacerbated by excessive, misdirected or obtrusive uses of light, but even carefully used light fundamentally alters natural conditions.", "Light pollution __knowledge__ As a major side-effect of urbanization, it is blamed for compromising health, disrupting ecosystems and spoiling aesthetic environments.", "Light pollution __knowledge__ Light pollution is the adding-of/added light itself, in analogy to added sound, carbon dioxide, etc.", "Light pollution __knowledge__ Adverse consequences are multiple; some of them may not be known yet.", "Light pollution __knowledge__ Scientific definitions thus include the following: The first three of the above four scientific definitions describe the state of the environment.", "DBSCAN __knowledge__ Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) is a data clustering algorithm proposed by Martin Ester, Hans-Peter Kriegel, Jörg Sander and Xiaowei Xu in 1996.", "DBSCAN __knowledge__ It is a density-based clustering algorithm: given a set of points in some space, it groups together points that are closely packed together (points with many nearby neighbors), marking as outliers points that lie alone in low-density regions (whose nearest neighbors are too far away).", "DBSCAN __knowledge__ DBSCAN is one of the most common clustering algorithms and also most cited in scientific literature.", "DBSCAN __knowledge__ In 2014, the algorithm was awarded the test of time award (an award given to algorithms which have received substantial attention in theory and practice) at the leading data mining conference, KDD.", "Dalai Lama __knowledge__ Dalai Lama (US); (UK) (Standard Tibetan: ཏཱ་ལའི་བླ་མ་, \"Tā la'i bla ma\" ) is a title given to spiritual leaders of the Tibetan people.", "Dalai Lama __knowledge__ They are part of the Gelug or \"Yellow Hat\" school of Tibetan Buddhism, the newest of the schools of Tibetan Buddhism.", "Dalai Lama __knowledge__ The Dalai Lama title was created by Altan Khan, the Prince of Shunyi, granted by Ming Dynasty, in 1578.", "Dalai Lama __knowledge__ The 14th and current Dalai Lama is Tenzin Gyatso.", "Dalai Lama __knowledge__ The Dalai Lama is considered to be the successor in a line of tulkus) who are believed to be incarnations of Avalokiteśvara, a Bodhisattva of Compassion.", "Dalai Lama __knowledge__ The name is a combination of the Mongolic word \"dalai\" meaning \"ocean\" or \"big\" (coming from Mongolian title \"Dalaiyin qan or Dalaiin khan\", translated as 'Gyatso' in Tibetan) and the Tibetan word (\"bla-ma\") meaning \"master, guru\".", "Famous People Players __knowledge__ Famous People Players is a black light puppetry theatre company.", "Famous People Players __knowledge__ It is based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and tours worldwide.", "Famous People Players __knowledge__ It is a non-profit organization which employs people with physical and intellectual disabilities.", "Famous People Players __knowledge__ Those individuals share duties in dining room management, arts administration, and theatrical and visual arts performances.", "Famous People Players __knowledge__ Since inception, the company has paid homage to the works of famous people within its own theatrical context, hence the name \"Famous People\" Players.", "Famous People Players __knowledge__ As a result of the increasing popularity of Famous People Players, the company was featured as regulars on CBC Television's 1976-1977 variety series, \"The Wolfman Jack Show\"; the network also later produced and aired \"Carnival of the Animals\".", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ Criticism of Facebook relates to how Facebook's market dominance have led to international media coverage and significant reporting of its shortcomings.", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ Notable issues include Internet privacy, such as its use of a widespread \"like\" button on third-party websites tracking users, possible indefinite records of user information, automatic facial recognition software, and its role in the workplace, including employer-employee account disclosure.", "Criticism of Facebook __knowledge__ The use of Facebook can have psychological effects, including feelings of jealousy and stress, a lack of attention, and social media addiction, in some cases comparable to drug addiction.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "The Beatles __knowledge__ The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential music band.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock and roll, the Beatles later experimented with several musical styles, ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock, often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "The Beatles __knowledge__ In 1963 their enormous popularity first emerged as \"Beatlemania\"; as the group's music grew in sophistication, led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, the band were integral to pop music's evolution into an art form and to the development of the counterculture of the 1960s.", "Pub __knowledge__ A pub, or public house, is an establishment licensed to sell alcoholic drinks, which traditionally include beer (such as ale) and cider.", "Pub __knowledge__ It is a relaxed, social drinking establishment and a prominent part of British, Irish, Breton, New Zealand, Canadian, South African and Australian cultures.", "Pub __knowledge__ In many places, especially in villages, a pub is the focal point of the community.", "Pub __knowledge__ In his 17th-century diary Samuel Pepys described the pub as \"the heart of England\".", "Pub __knowledge__ Pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the tied house system in the 19th century.", "Pub __knowledge__ In 1393, King Richard II of England introduced legislation that pubs had to display a sign outdoors to make them easily visible for passing ale tasters, who would assess the quality of ale sold.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: A Jekyll and Hyde-type who fought Captain Marvel Jr. Based on the Nazi Dictator Adolf Hitler.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Führer of Nazi Germany, he was a member of the Monster Society of Evil.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ He ordered the creation of Captain Nazi, and caused many plots against America and its superheroes.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Like his real-life counterpart, he probably committed suicide with his wife when the Allies were advancing to Berlin.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Only appearing in \"Marvel Family\" #27.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Created by a scientist who thinks if everyone in the world was like him there would be no war." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Influencer marketing (also influence marketing) is a form of marketing in which focus is placed on influential people rather than the target market as a whole.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ It identifies the individuals that have influence over potential buyers, and orients marketing activities around these influencers.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Influencer content may be framed as testimonial advertising where they play the role of a potential buyer themselves, or they may be third parties.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ These third parties exist either in the supply chain (retailers, manufacturers, etc.)", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ or may be so-called value-added influencers (such as journalists, academics, industry analysts, professional advisers, and so on).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ The idea of a \"two-step flow of communication\" was introduced in \"The People's Choice\" (Paul Lazarsfeld, Bernard Berelson, and Hazel Gaudet, a 1940 study on the decision making process of voters).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ This idea was further developed in \"Personal Influence\" (Lazarsfeld, Elihu Katz 1955) and \"The Effects of Mass Communication\" (Joseph Klapper 1960).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Most discussion on the generic topic of social influence centres on compliance and persuasion in a social environment, as exemplified in Robert Cialdini's book \"Influence: Science and Practice\".", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ In the context of influencer marketing, influence is less about argument and coercion to a particular point of view and more about loose interactions between various parties in a community.", "Rhinoplasty __knowledge__ Rhinoplasty (, nose + , to shape), commonly known as a nose job, is a plastic surgery procedure for correcting and reconstructing the form, restoring the functions, and aesthetically enhancing the nose by resolving nasal trauma (blunt, penetrating, blast), congenital defect, respiratory impediment, or a failed primary rhinoplasty.", "Rhinoplasty __knowledge__ Most patients ask to remove a bump, narrow nostril width, change the angle between the nose and the mouth, as well as correct injuries, birth defects, or other problems that affect breathing, such as deviated nasal septum or a sinus condition.", "Rhinoplasty __knowledge__ In the surgeries—closed rhinoplasty and open rhinoplasty—an otolaryngologist (ear, nose, and throat specialist), a maxillofacial surgeon (jaw, face, and neck specialist), or a plastic surgeon creates a functional, aesthetic, and facially proportionate nose by separating the nasal skin and the soft tissues from the osseo-cartilaginous nasal framework, correcting them as required for form and function, suturing the incisions, using tissue glue and applying either a package or a stent, or both, to immobilize the corrected nose to ensure the proper healing of the surgical incision.", "Testimonial __knowledge__ In promotion and of advertising, a testimonial or show consists of a person's written or spoken statement extolling the virtue of a product.", "Testimonial __knowledge__ The term \"testimonial\" most commonly applies to the sales-pitches attributed to ordinary citizens, whereas the word \"endorsement\" usually applies to pitches by celebrities.", "Testimonial __knowledge__ Testimonials can be part of communal marketing.", "Testimonial __knowledge__ Advertisers have attempted to quantify and qualify the use of celebrities in their marketing campaigns by evaluating the awareness generated, appeal, and relevance to a brand's image and the celebrity's influence on consumer buying behavior.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ A touchpoint can be defined as any way a consumer can interact with a business, whether it be person-to-person, through a website, an app or any form of communication (“Touchpoint Glossary”, n.d.).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ When consumers come in contact with these touchpoints it gives them the opportunity to compare their prior perceptions of the business and form an opinion (Stein, & Ramaseshan, 2016).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints in marketing communications are the varying ways that a brand interacts and displays information to prospective customers and current customers.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints allow customers to have experiences every time they “touch’ any part of the product, service, brand or organization, across multiple channels and various points in time (Pantano and Milena, 2015 and Zomerdijk and Voss, 2010).", "Norton Internet Security __knowledge__ Norton Internet Security, developed by Symantec Corporation, is a computer program that provides malware prevention and removal during a subscription period and uses signatures and heuristics to identify viruses.", "Norton Internet Security __knowledge__ Other features included in the product are a personal firewall, email spam filtering, and phishing protection.", "Norton Internet Security __knowledge__ With the release of the 2015 line in summer 2014, Symantec officially retired Norton Internet Security after fourteen years as the chief Norton product.", "Norton Internet Security __knowledge__ It is superseded by Norton Security, a rechristened adaptation of the Norton 360 security suite.", "Norton Internet Security __knowledge__ Symantec distributed the product as a download, a boxed Compact Disc (CD) copy, and as OEM software.", "Social media marketing __knowledge__ Social media marketing is the use of social media platforms and websites to promote a product or service.", "Social media marketing __knowledge__ Although the terms e-marketing and digital marketing are still dominant in academia, social media marketing is becoming more popular for both practitioners and researchers.", "Social media marketing __knowledge__ Most social media platforms have built-in data analytics tools, which enable companies to track the progress, success, and engagement of ad campaigns.", "Social media marketing __knowledge__ Companies address a range of stakeholders through social media marketing, including current and potential customers, current and potential employees, journalists, bloggers, and the general public.", "Anatomy of the human nose __knowledge__ The visible part of the human nose is the protruding part of the face that bears the nostrils.", "Anatomy of the human nose __knowledge__ The shape of the nose is determined by the ethmoid bone and the nasal septum, which consists mostly of cartilage and which separates the nostrils.", "Anatomy of the human nose __knowledge__ On average the nose of a male is larger than that of a female.", "Anatomy of the human nose __knowledge__ The \"nasal root\" is the top of the nose, forming an indentation at the suture where the nasal bones meet the frontal bone.", "Anatomy of the human nose __knowledge__ The anterior nasal spine is the thin projection of bone at the midline on the lower nasal margin, holding the cartilaginous center of the nose.", "Anatomy of the human nose __knowledge__ Adult humans have nasal hairs in the anterior nasal passage.", "David Vladeck __knowledge__ David C. Vladeck (born June 6, 1951) is the former Director of the Bureau of Consumer Protection of the Federal Trade Commission, an independent agency of the United States government.", "David Vladeck __knowledge__ He was appointed by the Chairman of the FTC, Jon Leibowitz, on April 14, 2009, shortly after Leibowitz became Chairman.", "David Vladeck __knowledge__ Vladeck is a professor at the Georgetown University Law Center for seven years before his appointment to head the Bureau of Consumer Protection.", "David Vladeck __knowledge__ While at Georgetown, he served as the Co-Director of the Institute for Public Representation, leading the Institute's work in civil rights.", "David Vladeck __knowledge__ He taught courses in federal courts, civil procedure, and government processes, and co-directed the Institute for Public Representation, a legal clinic.", "Barbara Heinemann Landmann __knowledge__ Barbara Heinemann Landmann (January 11, 1795 – May 21, 1883) was twice a \"Werkzeug\", or Instrument, for the Community of True Inspiration.", "Barbara Heinemann Landmann __knowledge__ A Werkzeug, under the influence of the gift of Inspiration, is thought by the Community to convey the word of the Lord to believers.", "Barbara Heinemann Landmann __knowledge__ Barbara was first a Werkzeug in Germany and in Alsace.", "Barbara Heinemann Landmann __knowledge__ She became a Werkzeug during the Christmas holidays of 1818 until she married George Landmann in 1823.", "Barbara Heinemann Landmann __knowledge__ She and her husband migrated with the Community from Germany to the Ebenezer Colonies in New York State, USA and from the Ebenezer Colonies to the Amana Colonies in Iowa.", "Barbara Heinemann Landmann __knowledge__ While she was in the Ebenezer Colonies, she became a Werkzeug again.", "Breaking the Silence (non-governmental organization) __knowledge__ Breaking The Silence (BtS) ( \"Shovrim Shtika\") is an Israeli Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) established in 2004 by veterans of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF).", "Breaking the Silence (non-governmental organization) __knowledge__ It is intended to give serving and discharged Israeli personnel and reservists a means to confidentially recount their experiences in the Occupied Territories.", "Breaking the Silence (non-governmental organization) __knowledge__ Collections of such accounts have been published in order to educate the Israeli public about conditions in these areas.", "Breaking the Silence (non-governmental organization) __knowledge__ The organization's stated mission is to 'break the silence' surrounding these military activities.", "Breaking the Silence (non-governmental organization) __knowledge__ Founded to collect testimony from 2000 to 2004 from troops who served in the Occupied Territories, the NGO has continued to operate.", "Inspiration of Ellen G. White __knowledge__ Seventh-day Adventists believe church co-founder Ellen G. White (1827–1915) was inspired by God as a prophet, today understood as a manifestation of the New Testament \"gift of prophecy\", as described in the official beliefs of the church.", "Inspiration of Ellen G. White __knowledge__ Her works are officially considered to hold a secondary role to the Bible, but in practice there is wide variation among Adventists as to exactly how much authority should be attributed to her writings.", "Inspiration of Ellen G. White __knowledge__ With understanding she claimed was received in visions, White made administrative decisions and gave personal messages of encouragement or rebuke to church members.", "USC Shoah Foundation Institute for Visual History and Education __knowledge__ USC Shoah Foundation – The Institute for Visual History and Education, formerly Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation, is a nonprofit organization dedicated to making audio-visual interviews with survivors and witnesses of the Holocaust and other genocides a compelling voice for education and action.", "USC Shoah Foundation Institute for Visual History and Education __knowledge__ It was established by Steven Spielberg in 1994, one year after completing his Academy Award-winning film \"Schindler's List.\"", "USC Shoah Foundation Institute for Visual History and Education __knowledge__ The original aim of the Institute was to record testimonies of survivors and other witnesses of the Holocaust (which in Hebrew is called the \"Shoah\") as a collection of videotaped interviews.", "Eyewitness memory (child testimony) __knowledge__ An eyewitness testimony is a statement given under oath by a person present at an event who can describe what happened.", "Eyewitness memory (child testimony) __knowledge__ During circumstances in which a child is a witness to the event, the child can be used to deliver a testimony on the stand.", "Eyewitness memory (child testimony) __knowledge__ The credibility of a child, however, is often questioned due to their underdeveloped memory capacity and overall brain physiology.", "Eyewitness memory (child testimony) __knowledge__ Researchers found that eyewitness memory requires high-order memory capacity even for well-developed adult brain.", "Eyewitness memory (child testimony) __knowledge__ Because a child's brain is not yet fully developed, each child witness must be assessed by the proper authorities to determine their reliability as a witness and whether or not they are mature enough to accurately recall the event, provide important details and withstand leading questions.", "Diwali __knowledge__ Diwali or Deepavali () is the Hindu festival of lights celebrated every year in autumn in the northern hemisphere (spring in southern hemisphere).", "Diwali __knowledge__ It is an official holiday in Fiji, Guyana, India, Malaysia, Mauritius, Myanmar, Nepal, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago.", "Diwali __knowledge__ One of the most popular festivals of Hinduism, it spiritually signifies the victory of light over darkness, good over evil, knowledge over ignorance, and hope over despair.", "Diwali __knowledge__ Its celebration includes millions of lights shining on housetops, outside doors and windows, around temples and other buildings in the communities and countries where it is observed." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Influencer marketing (also influence marketing) is a form of marketing in which focus is placed on influential people rather than the target market as a whole.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ It identifies the individuals that have influence over potential buyers, and orients marketing activities around these influencers.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Influencer content may be framed as testimonial advertising where they play the role of a potential buyer themselves, or they may be third parties.", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ These third parties exist either in the supply chain (retailers, manufacturers, etc.)", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ or may be so-called value-added influencers (such as journalists, academics, industry analysts, professional advisers, and so on).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ The idea of a \"two-step flow of communication\" was introduced in \"The People's Choice\" (Paul Lazarsfeld, Bernard Berelson, and Hazel Gaudet, a 1940 study on the decision making process of voters).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ This idea was further developed in \"Personal Influence\" (Lazarsfeld, Elihu Katz 1955) and \"The Effects of Mass Communication\" (Joseph Klapper 1960).", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ Most discussion on the generic topic of social influence centres on compliance and persuasion in a social environment, as exemplified in Robert Cialdini's book \"Influence: Science and Practice\".", "Influencer marketing __knowledge__ In the context of influencer marketing, influence is less about argument and coercion to a particular point of view and more about loose interactions between various parties in a community.", "Two-step flow of communication __knowledge__ The two-step flow of communication model says that most people form their opinions under the influence of opinion leaders, who in turn are influenced by the mass media.", "Two-step flow of communication __knowledge__ In contrast to the one-step flow of the hypodermic needle model or magic bullet theory, which holds that people are directly influenced by mass media, according to the two-step flow model, ideas flow from mass media to opinion leaders, and from them to a wider population.", "Two-step flow of communication __knowledge__ The theory is based on a 1940s study on social influence that states that media effects are indirectly established through the personal influence of opinion leaders.", "Mass communication __knowledge__ Mass communication is the study of how people exchange information through mass media to large segments of the population at the same time.", "Mass communication __knowledge__ In other words, mass communication refers to the imparting and exchanging of information on a large scale to a wide range of people.", "Mass communication __knowledge__ It is usually understood to relate newspaper, magazine, and book publishing, as well as radio, television and film, even via internet as these mediums are used for disseminating information, news and advertising.", "Mass communication __knowledge__ Mass communication differs from the studies of other forms of communication, such as interpersonal communication or organizational communication, in that it focuses on a single source transmitting information to a large number of receivers.", "Paul Lazarsfeld __knowledge__ Paul Felix Lazarsfeld (February 13, 1901 – August 30, 1976) was an American sociologist.", "Paul Lazarsfeld __knowledge__ The founder of Columbia University's Bureau of Applied Social Research, he exerted influence over the techniques and the organization of social research.", "Paul Lazarsfeld __knowledge__ \"It is not so much that he was an American sociologist,\" one colleague said of him after his death, \"as it was that he determined what American sociology would be.\"", "Paul Lazarsfeld __knowledge__ Lazarsfeld said that his goal was “to produce Paul Lazarsfelds.\"", "Paul Lazarsfeld __knowledge__ The two main accomplishments he is associated with can be analyzed within two lenses of analysis: research institutes, methodology, as well as his research content itself.", "Mass media __knowledge__ The mass media is a diversified collection of media technologies that reach a large audience via mass communication.", "Mass media __knowledge__ The technologies through which this communication takes place include a variety of outlets.", "Mass media __knowledge__ Broadcast media transmit information electronically, via such media as film, radio, recorded music, or television.", "Mass media __knowledge__ Digital media comprises both Internet and mobile mass communication.", "Mass media __knowledge__ Internet media comprise such services as email, social media sites, websites, and Internet-based radio and television.", "Mass media __knowledge__ Many other mass media outlets have an additional presence on the web, by such means as linking to or running TV ads online, or distributing QR Codes in outdoor or print media to direct mobile users to a website.", "History of communication studies __knowledge__ Various aspects of communication have been the subject of study since ancient times, and the approach eventually developed into the academic discipline known today as communication studies.", "History of communication studies __knowledge__ In ancient Greece and Rome, the study of rhetoric, the art of oratory and persuasion, was a vital subject for students.", "History of communication studies __knowledge__ One significant ongoing debate was whether one could be an effective speaker in a base cause (Sophists) or whether excellent rhetoric came from the excellence of the orator's character (Socrates, Plato, Cicero).", "History of communication studies __knowledge__ Through the European Middle Ages and Renaissance grammar, rhetoric, and logic constituted the entire trivium, the base of the system of classical learning in Europe.", "Agenda-setting theory __knowledge__ Agenda-setting theory describes the \"ability [of the news media] to influence the importance placed on the topics of the public agenda\".", "Agenda-setting theory __knowledge__ With agenda setting being a social science theory, it also attempts to make predictions.", "Agenda-setting theory __knowledge__ That is, if a news item is covered frequently and prominently, the audience will regard the issue as more important.", "Agenda-setting theory __knowledge__ Agenda-setting theory was formally developed by Max McCombs and Donald Shaw in a study on the 1968 American presidential election.", "Agenda-setting theory __knowledge__ In the 1968 \"Chapel Hill study\", McCombs and Shaw demonstrated a strong correlation coefficient (r > .9) between what 100 residents of Chapel Hill, North Carolina thought was the most important election issue and what the local and national news media reported was the most important issue.", "Selective exposure theory __knowledge__ Selective exposure is a theory within the practice of psychology, often used in media and communication research, that historically refers to individuals' tendency to favor information which reinforces their pre-existing views while avoiding contradictory information.", "Selective exposure theory __knowledge__ Selective exposure has also been known and defined as \"congeniality bias\" or \"confirmation bias\" in various texts throughout the years.", "Selective exposure theory __knowledge__ According to the historical use of the term, people tend to select specific aspects of exposed information which they incorporate into their mindset.", "Selective exposure theory __knowledge__ These selections are made based on their perspectives, beliefs, attitudes and decisions." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 7, 7 ]

[ "I am. It's when famous people are more the message than what they want to sell.", "I love the testimonies that people give from buying the product. ", "Have you read the books Personal Influence and The Effects of Mass Communication? ", "They just give more information on the idea of influencer marketing. " ]

[ "Influencer marketing", "Influencer marketing", "Influencer marketing", "Influencer marketing" ]

[ "Romaine lettuce", "Me too! Interesting, yeah because iceberg lettuce gets all brown and gross and junk ", "Right yeah, I think its okay in soups but I dont like it on my sandwiches and tacos. Is it used in anything else?", "Oh yeah that sounds so good, now I want some Chipotle for dinner Lol! I have never heard of fruit on them however, that is interesting, what fruit do you put on them?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine or cos lettuce is a variety of lettuce (\"Lactuca sativa\" L. var.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ \"longifolia\") that grows in a tall head of sturdy leaves with firm ribs down their centers.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Unlike most lettuces, it is tolerant of heat.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In British English, it is commonly known as \"cos lettuce\", and in North America as \"romaine\" lettuce.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Many dictionaries trace the word \"cos\" to the name of the Greek island of Cos, from which the lettuce was presumably introduced.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Other authorities trace \"cos\" to the Arabic word for lettuce, \"\" .", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ It apparently reached the West via Rome, as in Italian it is called \"lattuga romana\" and in French \"\", both meaning 'Roman lettuce', hence the name 'romaine', the common term in North American English.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In North American supermarkets, romaine is very widely available year-round.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ The thick ribs, especially on the older outer leaves, should have a milky fluid which gives the romaine the typically fine-bitter herb taste.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine is a common salad green, and is the usual lettuce used in Caesar salad.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine lettuce is commonly used in Middle Eastern cuisine.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine, like other lettuces, may also be cooked, for example braised or made into soup.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ For 3000 years from at least 2,700 BC Cos lettuce was associated with the Ancient Egyptian god of fertility, Min, for its resemblance to the phallus." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine or cos lettuce is a variety of lettuce (\"Lactuca sativa\" L. var.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ \"longifolia\") that grows in a tall head of sturdy leaves with firm ribs down their centers.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Unlike most lettuces, it is tolerant of heat.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In British English, it is commonly known as \"cos lettuce\", and in North America as \"romaine\" lettuce.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Many dictionaries trace the word \"cos\" to the name of the Greek island of Cos, from which the lettuce was presumably introduced.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Other authorities trace \"cos\" to the Arabic word for lettuce, \"\" .", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ It apparently reached the West via Rome, as in Italian it is called \"lattuga romana\" and in French \"\", both meaning 'Roman lettuce', hence the name 'romaine', the common term in North American English.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In North American supermarkets, romaine is very widely available year-round.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ The thick ribs, especially on the older outer leaves, should have a milky fluid which gives the romaine the typically fine-bitter herb taste.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine is a common salad green, and is the usual lettuce used in Caesar salad.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine lettuce is commonly used in Middle Eastern cuisine.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine, like other lettuces, may also be cooked, for example braised or made into soup.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ For 3000 years from at least 2,700 BC Cos lettuce was associated with the Ancient Egyptian god of fertility, Min, for its resemblance to the phallus.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Lettuce (\"Lactuca sativa\") is an annual plant of the daisy family, Asteraceae.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ It is most often grown as a leaf vegetable, but sometimes for its stem and seeds.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Lettuce is most often used for salads, although it is also seen in other kinds of food, such as soups, sandwiches and wraps; it can also be grilled.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ One variety, the \" (), or asparagus lettuce (celtuce), is grown for its stems, which are eaten either raw or cooked.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ In addition to its main use as a leafy green, it has also gathered religious and medicinal significance over centuries of human consumption.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Europe and North America originally dominated the market for lettuce, but by the late 20th century the consumption of lettuce had spread throughout the world.", "The BLT Cookbook __knowledge__ The BLT Cookbook is a cookbook about the preparation of bacon, lettuce, and tomato (BLT) sandwiches.", "The BLT Cookbook __knowledge__ It was written by Michele Anna Jordan and was published by William Morrow Cookbooks in the United States in June 2003.", "The BLT Cookbook __knowledge__ Jordan is a food writer and has written for \"The Press Democrat\"; \"The BLT Cookbook\" is her 14th published book.", "The BLT Cookbook __knowledge__ She researched the book for ten years and in the process she taste-tested hundreds of variations on the sandwich, describing it as America's most beloved sandwich.", "The BLT Cookbook __knowledge__ She instructs the reader on how to acquire and prepare the best ingredients for the sandwich.", "The BLT Cookbook __knowledge__ The book includes recipes with varying ingredients, though each recipe includes tomatoes.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ Lettuce soup is a soup prepared with lettuce as a primary ingredient.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ It may be prepared with myriad lettuces and other ingredients, and some lettuce soups may use several cultivars of lettuce in their preparation.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ It is a part of French cuisine and Chinese cuisine.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ Cream of lettuce soup is a type of lettuce soup prepared using milk or cream.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ The soup may be served with toast or rolls as a side dish or with the soup atop them.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ It may be served as an appetizer, a side dish or as a main dish, and may be served hot or cold.", "Lettuce soup __knowledge__ Lettuce is a primary ingredient, and several types of lettuce can be used, such as butter lettuce, cos lettuce, Boston lettuce, romaine lettuce, green leaf lettuce and iceberg lettuce, among others.", "Salad Bowl strike __knowledge__ The Salad Bowl strike was a series of strikes, mass pickets, boycotts and secondary boycotts that began on August 23, 1970 and led to the largest farm worker strike in U.S. history.", "Salad Bowl strike __knowledge__ The strike was led by the United Farm Workers against the International Brotherhood of Teamsters.", "Salad Bowl strike __knowledge__ The Salad Bowl strike was only in part a jurisdictional strike, for many of the actions taken during the event were not strikes.", "Salad Bowl strike __knowledge__ The strike led directly to the passage of the California Agricultural Labor Relations Act in 1975.", "Salad Bowl strike __knowledge__ Collective bargaining rights for most hourly workers in the United States were first given legal protection in 1933 by Section 7a of the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA).", "BLT __knowledge__ A BLT (Bacon, Lettuce, and Tomato) is a type of bacon sandwich.", "BLT __knowledge__ The standard BLT is made up of four ingredients: bacon, lettuce, tomato, and bread.", "BLT __knowledge__ The BLT evolved from the tea sandwiches served at a similar time to the club sandwich, although it is unclear when the name BLT became the norm.", "BLT __knowledge__ While there are variations on the BLT, the essential ingredients are bacon, tomatoes and lettuce, on a slice of bread.", "BLT __knowledge__ The quantity and quality of the ingredients are matters of personal preference.", "BLT __knowledge__ The bacon can be well cooked or tender, but as it \"carries\" the other flavours, chefs recommend using higher quality meat; in particular, chef Edward Lee states \"Your general supermarket bacon is not going to cut the mustard.\"", "Chinese chicken salad __knowledge__ Chinese chicken salad is a salad with chopped chicken; therein, flavored with and styled by Chinese culinary ingredients and techniques that are both common and popularly adapted in parts of the United States.", "Chinese chicken salad __knowledge__ Though many variations exist, common features of most Chinese chicken salads contain: cut romaine lettuce and cabbage (or other lettuce); chicken (typically breast meat); deep-fried wonton (cut dough skins) or rice vermicelli; and nuts (sliced almonds, cashews or peanuts).", "Chinese chicken salad __knowledge__ A basic vinaigrette for the salad includes ingredients like vegetable oil, sesame oil, rice vinegar (or citrus juice); plus, optional seasonings such as dry hot mustard, sesame seeds, coriander and raw ginger or pickled ginger.", "BLT cocktail __knowledge__ A BLT cocktail is a cocktail made out of the contents of a BLT sandwich, (bacon, lettuce and tomato), blended together with vodka.", "BLT cocktail __knowledge__ Variants on the drink include utilizing bacon vodka instead of traditional vodka, substituting liquor for lettuce, incorporating bacon salt, or including cucumber flavored vodka.", "BLT cocktail __knowledge__ The drink gained popularity in the United States in 2009.", "BLT cocktail __knowledge__ Varieties of the beverage were served in regions including Colorado, Florida, Maine, Massachusetts, Missouri, Oregon, and Virginia.", "BLT cocktail __knowledge__ It has also achieved notice in Canada and the United Kingdom.", "BLT cocktail __knowledge__ Frank Bruni, the chief restaurant critic for \"The New York Times\", gave a favorable review in 2007 to a BLT cocktail made by chef Gordon Ramsay.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ The 2012 Oregon State Beavers football team represented Oregon State University during the 2012 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ The team's head coach was Mike Riley, in his tenth straight season and twelfth overall.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ Home games were played at Reser Stadium in Corvallis, and they were members of the North Division of the Pac-12 Conference.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ The Beavers finished the season 9–4 and 6–3 in Pac-12 play; third place in the North Division and fourth overall.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ They were invited to the Alamo Bowl and were defeated by the Texas Longhorns.", "2012 Oregon State Beavers football team __knowledge__ Oregon State finished the 2011 season with a record of 3–9, 3–6 in Pac-12 play, placing 5th place in the North Division.", "Caesar salad __knowledge__ A Caesar salad is a salad of romaine lettuce and croutons dressed with parmesan cheese, lemon juice, olive oil, egg, Worcestershire sauce, garlic, and black pepper.", "Caesar salad __knowledge__ It is traditionally prepared tableside.", "Caesar salad __knowledge__ The salad's creation is generally attributed to restaurateur Caesar Cardini, an Italian immigrant who operated restaurants in Mexico and the United States.", "Caesar salad __knowledge__ Cardini was living in San Diego but he was also working in Tijuana where he avoided the restrictions of Prohibition.", "Caesar salad __knowledge__ His daughter Rosa (1928–2003) recounted that her father invented the salad when a Fourth of July 1924 rush depleted the kitchen's supplies.", "Maror __knowledge__ Maror ( \"mārôr\") or Marror refers to the bitter herbs eaten at the Passover Seder in keeping with the biblical commandment \"with bitter herbs they shall eat it.\"", "Maror __knowledge__ (Exodus 12:8).", "Maror __knowledge__ In some listings of the 613 commandments, such as the \"Minchat Chinuch\", the biblical obligation to consume \"maror\" is included within the commandment to consume the meat of the sacrificial Paschal offering.", "Maror __knowledge__ Ever since the Paschal offering ceased to exist with the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem in 70 CE, the obligation to consume \"maror\" on the first night of Passover has been rabbinical in nature.", "Maror __knowledge__ The only two biblical reference to the \"maror\" is the verse quoted above (Exodus 12:8) in which it is mentioned in reference to the offering, and in Numbers 9:11 where \"They are to eat the lamb, together with the unleavened bread and bitter herbs\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine or cos lettuce is a variety of lettuce (\"Lactuca sativa\" L. var.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ \"longifolia\") that grows in a tall head of sturdy leaves with firm ribs down their centers.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Unlike most lettuces, it is tolerant of heat.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In British English, it is commonly known as \"cos lettuce\", and in North America as \"romaine\" lettuce.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Many dictionaries trace the word \"cos\" to the name of the Greek island of Cos, from which the lettuce was presumably introduced.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Other authorities trace \"cos\" to the Arabic word for lettuce, \"\" .", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ It apparently reached the West via Rome, as in Italian it is called \"lattuga romana\" and in French \"\", both meaning 'Roman lettuce', hence the name 'romaine', the common term in North American English.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In North American supermarkets, romaine is very widely available year-round.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ The thick ribs, especially on the older outer leaves, should have a milky fluid which gives the romaine the typically fine-bitter herb taste.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine is a common salad green, and is the usual lettuce used in Caesar salad.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine lettuce is commonly used in Middle Eastern cuisine.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine, like other lettuces, may also be cooked, for example braised or made into soup.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ For 3000 years from at least 2,700 BC Cos lettuce was associated with the Ancient Egyptian god of fertility, Min, for its resemblance to the phallus.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Kozmo.com __knowledge__ Kozmo.com was a venture-capital-funded online company that promised free one-hour delivery of \"videos, games, dvds, music, mags, books, food, basics & more\" and Starbucks coffee in several major cities in the United States.", "Kozmo.com __knowledge__ It was founded by young investment bankers Joseph Park and Yong Kang in March 1998 in New York City, and was out of business by April 2001.", "Kozmo.com __knowledge__ The company is often referred to as an example of the dot-com bubble.", "Kozmo.com __knowledge__ In September 2013, the website kozmo.com announced that they would relaunch soon, but as of 2017 the site was inaccessible.", "Kozmo.com __knowledge__ Kozmo had a business model built around the delivery of small purchased goods within an hour by bicycle, car, truck, or public transportation for no delivery fee.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Stone is a 2010 U.S. crime thriller film directed by John Curran and starring Robert De Niro, Edward Norton and Milla Jovovich.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Most of the filming was done in Washtenaw County, Michigan.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ This was the final film to be released by Overture Films.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Young mother Madylyn Mabry puts her daughter to bed while her husband Jack watches golf on television.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ A bee buzzes around the window as she stays with her girl.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ After the child is asleep, she goes downstairs and announces she's leaving, saying \"You keep my soul in a dungeon.\"", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ He takes a moment to disconnect from the game, then runs upstairs to the bedroom and holds their daughter out the window, threatening to drop her if Madylyn leaves.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Lettuce (\"Lactuca sativa\") is an annual plant of the daisy family, Asteraceae.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ It is most often grown as a leaf vegetable, but sometimes for its stem and seeds.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Lettuce is most often used for salads, although it is also seen in other kinds of food, such as soups, sandwiches and wraps; it can also be grilled.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ One variety, the \" (), or asparagus lettuce (celtuce), is grown for its stems, which are eaten either raw or cooked.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ In addition to its main use as a leafy green, it has also gathered religious and medicinal significance over centuries of human consumption.", "Lettuce __knowledge__ Europe and North America originally dominated the market for lettuce, but by the late 20th century the consumption of lettuce had spread throughout the world.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine or cos lettuce is a variety of lettuce (\"Lactuca sativa\" L. var.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ \"longifolia\") that grows in a tall head of sturdy leaves with firm ribs down their centers.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Unlike most lettuces, it is tolerant of heat.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In British English, it is commonly known as \"cos lettuce\", and in North America as \"romaine\" lettuce.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Many dictionaries trace the word \"cos\" to the name of the Greek island of Cos, from which the lettuce was presumably introduced.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Other authorities trace \"cos\" to the Arabic word for lettuce, \"\" .", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ It apparently reached the West via Rome, as in Italian it is called \"lattuga romana\" and in French \"\", both meaning 'Roman lettuce', hence the name 'romaine', the common term in North American English.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ In North American supermarkets, romaine is very widely available year-round.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ The thick ribs, especially on the older outer leaves, should have a milky fluid which gives the romaine the typically fine-bitter herb taste.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine is a common salad green, and is the usual lettuce used in Caesar salad.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine lettuce is commonly used in Middle Eastern cuisine.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ Romaine, like other lettuces, may also be cooked, for example braised or made into soup.", "Romaine lettuce __knowledge__ For 3000 years from at least 2,700 BC Cos lettuce was associated with the Ancient Egyptian god of fertility, Min, for its resemblance to the phallus.", "Chipotle Mexican Grill __knowledge__ Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc. () is an American chain of fast casual restaurants in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, and France, specializing in tacos and Mission-style burritos.", "Chipotle Mexican Grill __knowledge__ Its name derives from \"chipotle\", the Nahuatl name for a smoked and dried jalapeño chili pepper.", "Chipotle Mexican Grill __knowledge__ The company trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol CMG.", "Chipotle Mexican Grill __knowledge__ Chipotle is one of the first chains of fast casual dining establishments.", "Chipotle Mexican Grill __knowledge__ Competitors in the fast-casual Mexican market include Qdoba Mexican Grill, Moe's Southwest Grill, Rubio's Coastal Grill, Pancheros Mexican Grill, Freebirds World Burrito, and Baja Fresh.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ Oh Yeah is a music centre located in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in the Cathedral Quarter.", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ It was founded primarily to support young talented musicians and bands from Northern Ireland and its huge and growing music scene by providing help and promotion, technical equipment for rehearsing, recording, gigs and event organisation, performing space and releases of band compilations (\"Oh Yeah Sessions\").", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ The Oh Yeah music centre's genres are varying in its manifoldness of Alternative rock, Indie rock, Electronica, Post rock, Post punk, Crossover, Experimental rock and further musical stylistic ways and conceptions.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ \"Sexy\" is the fifteenth episode of the second season of the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\", and the thirty-seventh episode overall.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ It was written by Brad Falchuk, directed by Ryan Murphy, and first aired on the Fox network on March 8, 2011.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ The episode mainly revolves around the topics of sex and adolescent sexuality.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ In it, Holly Holliday (Gwyneth Paltrow) returns to McKinley High School as a substitute teacher in a class devoted to sex education.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ Glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) begins to develop feelings for Holly, and guidance counselor and celibacy club advisor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays) is less than pleased with Holly's lessons.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexican street food, called \"antojitos\" (literally \"little cravings\"), is prepared by street vendors and at small traditional markets in that country.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Street foods include tacos, tamales, gorditas, quesadillas, empalmes, tostadas, chalupa, elote, tlayudas, cemita, pambazo, empanada, nachos, chilaquiles，fajita and tortas, as well as fresh fruit, vegetables, beverages and soups (menudo, pozole and pancita).", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Most are available in the morning and the evening, as mid-afternoon is the time for the main formal meal of the day.", "Mexican street food __knowledge__ Mexico has one of the most extensive street food cultures in Latin America, and \"Forbes\" named Mexico City as one of the foremost cities on the world in which to eat on the street.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Street food __knowledge__ Street food is ready-to-eat food or drink sold by a hawker, or vendor, in a street or other public place, such as at a market or fair.", "Street food __knowledge__ It is often sold from a portable food booth, food cart, or food truck and meant for immediate consumption.", "Street food __knowledge__ Some street foods are regional, but many have spread beyond their region of origin.", "Street food __knowledge__ Most street foods are classed as both finger food and fast food, and are cheaper on average than restaurant meals.", "Street food __knowledge__ According to a 2007 study from the Food and Agriculture Organization, 2.5 billion people eat street food every day.", "Street food __knowledge__ Today, people may purchase street food for a number of reasons, such as to get flavourful food for a reasonable price in a sociable setting, to try ethnic cuisines, or for nostalgia.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\"." ] ]

[ 3, 16, 15, 53 ]

[ "I love a good salad. Especially with romaine lettuce. Romaine lettuce is more tolerant of heat.", "Lettuce is mostly used in salads, but can be found in other foods. Such as soups, sandwiches, and tacos.", "I can't think of any. I do know that mexican street food is some of my favorite that lettuce is used in. It is used on street tacos, tostadas, fajitas, and many others. You can also use fresh fruit and vegetables on these items.", "I don't put any fruit on mine, but I have seen people use mango before. I also like tomatoes, beans, and rice on my tacos. " ]

[ "Romaine lettuce", "Romaine lettuce", "Romaine lettuce", "Romaine lettuce" ]

[ "Veganism\nHello, I am not vegan but I've tried it for one month", "yes I like meat, even if i can stop having meat, I can't stop having seafood", "yes, that is not fair, bothering an animal and making it suffer just to gain pleasure", "Yes specially testing makeup and cosmetics on animal irritates me a lot, it is really unnecessary " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ This is a list of vegetarian and vegan festivals, held in numerous locations around the globe to promote veganism and/or vegetarianism among the public and support and link individuals and organizations that practice, promote or endorse veganism or vegetarianism.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Many of them are also food festivals and/or music festivals and can also contain edutainment.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Vegfest 2015 was organized by the Vegetarian Association of Ghana.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Hong Kong Vegfest started in 2013 organized by the Hong Kong Vegan Association.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ The festival organisers stipulate only vegan products be offered at the event by vendors.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Admission is free to attendees.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "American Vegan Society __knowledge__ The American Vegan Society (AVS) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that promotes veganism in the United States.", "American Vegan Society __knowledge__ AVS was founded by 1960 by H. Jay Dinshah.", "American Vegan Society __knowledge__ The date of the earlier The Vegan Society (UK)'s founding, November 1, is now celebrated annually as World Vegan Day.", "American Vegan Society __knowledge__ Prior to broad and widely-accessible search capabilities of the Internet, the American Vegan Society published networking and business resources which supported vegan lifestyle.", "American Vegan Society __knowledge__ H. Jay Dinshah founded the American Vegan Society early in 1960 and later that year (August) married the English-born Freya Smith.", "American Vegan Society __knowledge__ Freya, whose parents were active in The Vegan Society (of England), contributed to the early growth of the American Vegan Society and is president of the American Vegan Society today.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Vegan nutrition refers to the nutritional aspects of vegan diets – diets which include no animal products.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ While a well-planned, balanced vegan diet is suitable to meet all recommendations for nutrients in every stage of life, improperly-planned vegan diets may be deficient in vitamin B, vitamin D, calcium, iodine, iron, zinc, riboflavin (vitamin B), long-chain fatty acids EPA and DHA, and omega-3 fatty acids.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Doctors Dean Ornish, T. Colin Campbell, John A. McDougall, Michael Klaper, Caldwell Esselstyn, Michael Greger, Joel Fuhrman, and Neal D. Barnard claim that high animal fat and protein diets, such as the standard American diet, are detrimental to health.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some people abstain from consuming various foods and beverages in conformity with various religious, cultural, legal or other societal prohibitions.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many of these prohibitions constitute taboos.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many food taboos and other prohibitions forbid the meat of a particular animal, including mammals, rodents, reptiles, amphibians, fish, molluscs, crustaceans and insects, which may relate to a disgust response being more often associated with meats than plant-based foods.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some prohibitions are specific to a particular part or excretion of an animal, while others forgo the consumption of plants or fungi.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Feng (mythology) __knowledge__ In Chinese mythology and folklore, Fēng (封, lit.", "Feng (mythology) __knowledge__ \"mound; hump\") was an edible monster that resembles a two-eyed lump of meat and magically grows back as fast as it is eaten.", "Feng (mythology) __knowledge__ Early Chinese texts also referred to this legendary food with the names Shìròu (視肉, \"look like meat\"), Ròuzhī (肉芝, \"meat excrescence\"), and Tàisuì (太歲, \"great year; Jupiter\").", "Feng (mythology) __knowledge__ Ròulíngzhī (肉靈芝, \"meat Lingzhi mushroom\") is a modern name popularized by Chinese news media reporting on purported discoveries of Feng throughout China, including a widely publicized Xi'an television reporter who misidentified a sex toy as a \"roulingzhi\" monster.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Modified atmosphere __knowledge__ Modified atmosphere is the practice of modifying the composition of the internal atmosphere of a package (commonly food packages, drugs, etc.)", "Modified atmosphere __knowledge__ in order to improve the shelf life.", "Modified atmosphere __knowledge__ The modification process often tries to lower the amount of oxygen (O), moving it from 20.9% to 0%, in order to slow down the growth of aerobic organisms and prevent oxidation reactions.", "Modified atmosphere __knowledge__ The removed oxygen can be replaced with nitrogen (N), a comparatively inert gas, or carbon dioxide (CO), which can lower the pH or inhibit the growth of bacteria.", "Modified atmosphere __knowledge__ Carbon monoxide can be used for preserving the red color of meat.", "Modified atmosphere __knowledge__ Re-balancing of gases inside the packaging can be achieved using active techniques such as gas flushing and compensated vacuum or passively by designing “breathable” films known as equilibrium modified atmosphere packaging (EMAP).", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Like the human practice of veganism, vegan dog foods are those formulated with the exclusion of ingredients that contain or were processed with any part of an animal, or any animal byproduct.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegan dog food may incorporate the use of fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, nuts, vegetable oils, soya, as well as any other non-animal based foods.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ The omnivorous domestic canine has evolved to metabolize carbohydrates and thrive on a diet lower in protein, and therefore, a vegan diet may be substantial if properly formulated and balanced.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be defined as the practice of consuming foods that are primarily derived from plants, with or without dairy products, eggs, and/or honey.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ This article deals with vegetarianism and veganism by country, comparing the prevalence of vegetarianism and veganism in each country when sources are available by the number of vegetarians and vegans, and listing food standards, laws and general cultural attitudes.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ Some countries have strong cultural or religious traditions that promote vegetarianism, such as in India, while in other countries secular ethical concerns dominate, including animal rights and environmental protection, along with health concerns.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ In many countries, food labeling laws make it easier for vegetarians to identify foods compatible with their diets.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Vegan nutrition refers to the nutritional aspects of vegan diets – diets which include no animal products.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ While a well-planned, balanced vegan diet is suitable to meet all recommendations for nutrients in every stage of life, improperly-planned vegan diets may be deficient in vitamin B, vitamin D, calcium, iodine, iron, zinc, riboflavin (vitamin B), long-chain fatty acids EPA and DHA, and omega-3 fatty acids.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Doctors Dean Ornish, T. Colin Campbell, John A. McDougall, Michael Klaper, Caldwell Esselstyn, Michael Greger, Joel Fuhrman, and Neal D. Barnard claim that high animal fat and protein diets, such as the standard American diet, are detrimental to health.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ This is a list of vegetarian and vegan festivals, held in numerous locations around the globe to promote veganism and/or vegetarianism among the public and support and link individuals and organizations that practice, promote or endorse veganism or vegetarianism.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Many of them are also food festivals and/or music festivals and can also contain edutainment.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Vegfest 2015 was organized by the Vegetarian Association of Ghana.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Hong Kong Vegfest started in 2013 organized by the Hong Kong Vegan Association.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ The festival organisers stipulate only vegan products be offered at the event by vendors.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Admission is free to attendees." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "Hedonic motivation __knowledge__ Hedonic motivation refers to the influence of a person’s pleasure and pain receptors on their willingness to move towards a goal or away from a threat.", "Hedonic motivation __knowledge__ This is linked to the classic motivational principle that people approach pleasure and avoid pain, and is gained from acting on certain behaviors that resulted from esthetic and emotional feelings such as: love, hate, fear, joy, etc.", "Hedonic motivation __knowledge__ According to the hedonic principle, our emotional experience can be thought of as a gauge that ranges from bad to good and our primary motivation is to keep the needle on the gauge as close to good as possible.", "Hedonic motivation __knowledge__ Historically, approach and avoidance motivation have been linked to the hedonic characteristics of pleasure and pain.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "Animal rights __knowledge__ Animal rights is the idea in which some, or all, non-human animals are entitled to the possession of their own lives and that their most basic interests—such as the need to avoid suffering—should be afforded the same consideration as similar interests of human beings.", "Animal rights __knowledge__ Advocates oppose the assignment of moral value and fundamental protections on the basis of species membership alone—an idea known since 1970 as speciesism, when the term was coined by Richard D. Ryder—arguing that it is a prejudice as irrational as any other.", "Animal rights __knowledge__ They maintain that animals should no longer be viewed as property or used as food, clothing, research subjects, entertainment, or beasts of burden.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Utilitarianism __knowledge__ Utilitarianism is an ethical theory which states that the best action is the one that maximizes utility.", "Utilitarianism __knowledge__ \"Utility\" is defined in various ways, usually in terms of the well-being of sentient entities.", "Utilitarianism __knowledge__ Jeremy Bentham, the founder of utilitarianism, described utility as the sum of all pleasure that results from an action, minus the suffering of anyone involved in the action.", "Utilitarianism __knowledge__ Utilitarianism is a version of consequentialism, which states that the consequences of any action are the only standard of right and wrong.", "Utilitarianism __knowledge__ Unlike other forms of consequentialism, such as egoism, utilitarianism considers the interests of all beings equally.", "Ethics __knowledge__ Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct.", "Ethics __knowledge__ The term \"ethics\" derives , .", "Ethics __knowledge__ The branch of philosophy axiology comprises the sub-branches of ethics and aesthetics, each concerned with values.", "Ethics __knowledge__ Ethics seeks to resolve questions of human morality by defining concepts such as good and evil, right and wrong, virtue and vice, justice and crime.", "Ethics __knowledge__ As a field of intellectual enquiry, moral philosophy also is related to the fields of moral psychology, descriptive ethics, and value theory.", "Ethics __knowledge__ Three major areas of study within ethics recognized today are: Rushworth Kidder states that \"standard definitions of \"ethics\" have typically included such phrases as 'the science of the ideal human character' or 'the science of moral duty'.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Sexuality in ancient Rome, and more broadly, \"sexual attitudes and behaviors in ancient Rome,\" are indicated by Roman art, literature and inscriptions, and to a lesser extent by archaeological remains such as erotic artifacts and architecture.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ It has sometimes been assumed that \"unlimited sexual license\" was characteristic of ancient Rome; Verstraete and Provençal express the opinion that this perspective was simply a Christian interpretation: \"The sexuality of the Romans has never had good press in the West ever since the rise of Christianity.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ In the popular imagination and culture, it is synonymous with sexual license and abuse.\"", "Henri Lambert __knowledge__ Henri Lambert (1862–1934) was a Belgian engineer and glass works owner at Charleroi near Brussels.", "Henri Lambert __knowledge__ His glass works was the largest in the world in that time.", "Henri Lambert __knowledge__ He was one of the first occupied with social economy.", "Henri Lambert __knowledge__ He spoke Walloon with his blue collar workers, which was exceptional in that time.", "Henri Lambert __knowledge__ He was a prolific writer (in French) of articles for newspaper and political journals, brochures, and books on political philosophy, and had several of his works translated into German and English.", "Henri Lambert __knowledge__ He favoured individualism, free trade, and international peace.", "Henri Lambert __knowledge__ He also wrote works about corporations, trade unions, government, democracy, and representation, voicing bold and well-intentioned ideas (which may not be altogether consistent).", "Ethics of eating meat __knowledge__ In most societies the great majority of people eat meat when they can get it, but increasing controversy and debate has arisen over the ethics of eating animals.", "Ethics of eating meat __knowledge__ The most commonly given ethical objection to meat-eating is that, for most people living in the developed world, it is not necessary for survival or health; slaughtering animals solely because people enjoy the taste of meat is argued by some to be wrong and morally unjustifiable.", "Ethics of eating meat __knowledge__ Ethical vegetarians and ethical vegans may also object to the practices underlying the production of meat, or cite their concerns about animal welfare, animal rights, environmental ethics, and religious reasons.", "Animal testing __knowledge__ Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, animal research and \"in vivo\" testing, is the use of non-human animals in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study.", "Animal testing __knowledge__ This approach can be contrasted with field studies in which animals are observed in their natural environments.", "Animal testing __knowledge__ Experimental research with animals is usually conducted in universities, medical schools, pharmaceutical companies, defense establishments and commercial facilities that provide animal-testing services to industry.", "Animal testing __knowledge__ The focus of animal testing varies on a continuum from pure research, focusing on developing fundamental knowledge of an organism, to applied research, which may focus on answering some question of great practical importance, such as finding a cure for a disease.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ This is a list of vegetarian and vegan festivals, held in numerous locations around the globe to promote veganism and/or vegetarianism among the public and support and link individuals and organizations that practice, promote or endorse veganism or vegetarianism.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Many of them are also food festivals and/or music festivals and can also contain edutainment.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Vegfest 2015 was organized by the Vegetarian Association of Ghana.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Hong Kong Vegfest started in 2013 organized by the Hong Kong Vegan Association.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ The festival organisers stipulate only vegan products be offered at the event by vendors.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Admission is free to attendees.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Cosmetics are substances or products used to enhance or alter the appearance or fragrance of the body.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Many cosmetics are designed for use of applying to the face and hair.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ They are generally mixtures of chemical compounds; some being derived from natural sources (such as coconut oil), and some being synthetics.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Common cosmetics include lipstick, mascara, eye shadow, foundation, rouge, skin cleansers and skin lotions, shampoo, hairstyling products (gel, hair spray, etc.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ ), perfume and cologne.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ Cosmetics applied to the face to enhance its appearance are often called make-up or makeup.", "Cosmetics __knowledge__ In the U.S., the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which regulates cosmetics, defines cosmetics as \"intended to be applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the body's structure or functions\".", "Cruelty Free cosmetics __knowledge__ Cruelty free cosmetic is a cosmetic which has a certification ensuring that the product has not been tested on animals, it means the final product nor the ingredients that compose it must not have been tested on animals.", "Cruelty Free cosmetics __knowledge__ Moreover, manufacturers must provide an attestation affirming that they do not practice the animal experimentation.", "Cruelty Free cosmetics __knowledge__ Finally, the brand accept to be controlled at any moment by an independent organism.", "Cruelty Free cosmetics __knowledge__ Under the impulse of the public shocked by the conditions of experimentation on animals and the suffering that engenders, a collective consciousness around the world has gradually immersed and many actors of this movement have emerged in the industry to avoid use animal testing and look for new alternatives.", "Testing cosmetics on animals __knowledge__ Cosmetic testing on animals is a type of animal testing used to test the safety and hypoallergenic properties of products for use by humans.", "Testing cosmetics on animals __knowledge__ Due to the harm done to the animal subjects, this testing is opposed by animal rights activists and others.", "Testing cosmetics on animals __knowledge__ Cosmetic animal testing is banned in the European Union, India, Israel, and Norway.", "Testing cosmetics on animals __knowledge__ Using animal testing in the development of cosmetics may involve testing either a finished product or the individual ingredients of a finished product on animals, often rabbits, as well as mice, rats, and other animals.", "Testing cosmetics on animals __knowledge__ Cosmetics can be defined as products applied to the body in various ways in order to enhance the body's appearance or to cleanse the body.", "Animal testing __knowledge__ Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, animal research and \"in vivo\" testing, is the use of non-human animals in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study.", "Animal testing __knowledge__ This approach can be contrasted with field studies in which animals are observed in their natural environments.", "Animal testing __knowledge__ Experimental research with animals is usually conducted in universities, medical schools, pharmaceutical companies, defense establishments and commercial facilities that provide animal-testing services to industry.", "Animal testing __knowledge__ The focus of animal testing varies on a continuum from pure research, focusing on developing fundamental knowledge of an organism, to applied research, which may focus on answering some question of great practical importance, such as finding a cure for a disease.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Animal rights __knowledge__ Animal rights is the idea in which some, or all, non-human animals are entitled to the possession of their own lives and that their most basic interests—such as the need to avoid suffering—should be afforded the same consideration as similar interests of human beings.", "Animal rights __knowledge__ Advocates oppose the assignment of moral value and fundamental protections on the basis of species membership alone—an idea known since 1970 as speciesism, when the term was coined by Richard D. Ryder—arguing that it is a prejudice as irrational as any other.", "Animal rights __knowledge__ They maintain that animals should no longer be viewed as property or used as food, clothing, research subjects, entertainment, or beasts of burden.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ The history of cosmetics spans at least 6000 years and is present in almost every society on Earth.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ Cosmetic body art is argued to have been the earliest form of a ritual in human culture.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ The evidence for this comes in the form of utilised red mineral pigments (red ochre) including crayons associated with the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" in Africa.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence of cosmetics certainly dates from ancient Egypt and Greece.", "History of cosmetics __knowledge__ According to one source, early major developments include the use of castor oil in ancient Egypt as a protective balm and skin creams made of beeswax, olive oil, and rosewater described by the Romans.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "Unethical human experimentation in the United States __knowledge__ Unethical human experimentation in the United States describes numerous experiments performed on human test subjects in the United States that have been considered unethical, and were often performed illegally, without the knowledge, consent, or informed consent of the test subjects.", "Unethical human experimentation in the United States __knowledge__ Such tests have occurred throughout American history, but particularly in the 20th century.", "Unethical human experimentation in the United States __knowledge__ The experiments include: the exposure of people to chemical and biological weapons (including infection of people with deadly or debilitating diseases), human radiation experiments, injection of people with toxic and radioactive chemicals, surgical experiments, interrogation and torture experiments, tests involving mind-altering substances, and a wide variety of others.", "Office for Human Research Protections __knowledge__ The Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP) is a small office within the United States Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), specifically the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health in the Office of the Secretary of DHHS, that deals with ethical oversights in clinical research conducted by the Department, mostly through the National Institutes of Health (NIH).", "Office for Human Research Protections __knowledge__ The office's primary duty is the implementation of , a set of regulations for Institutional Review Boards (IRB) that mirrors the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulation that covers clinical research conducted by pharmaceutical companies as well as other regulations under the guidance of the Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects, which is also known as the \"Common Rule\".", "Human subject research __knowledge__ Human subject research is systematic, scientific investigation that can be either interventional (a \"trial\") or observational (no \"test article\") and involves human beings as research subjects.", "Human subject research __knowledge__ Human subject research can be either medical (clinical) research or non-medical (e.g., social science) research.", "Human subject research __knowledge__ Systematic investigation incorporates both the collection and analysis of data in order to answer a specific question.", "Human subject research __knowledge__ Medical human subject research often involves analysis of biological specimens, epidemiological and behavioral studies and medical chart review studies.", "Human subject research __knowledge__ (A specific, and especially heavily regulated, type of medical human subject research is the \"clinical trial\", in which drugs, vaccines and medical devices are evaluated.)", "Human subject research legislation in the United States __knowledge__ Human subject research legislation in the United States can be traced to the early 20th century.", "Human subject research legislation in the United States __knowledge__ Human subject research in the United States was mostly unregulated until the 20th century, as it was throughout the world, until the establishment of various governmental and professional regulations and codes of ethics.", "Human subject research legislation in the United States __knowledge__ Notable – and in some cases, notorious – human subject experiments performed in the US include the Tuskegee syphilis experiment, human radiation experiments, the Milgram obedience experiment and Stanford prison experiments and Project MKULTRA.", "Human subject research legislation in the United States __knowledge__ With growing public awareness of such experimentation, and the evolution of professional ethical standards, such research became regulated by various legislation, most notably, those that introduced and then empowered the institutional review boards.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company." ] ]

[ 2, 5, 21, 20 ]

[ "I am not a vegan either, I cannot stick with the diet or philosophy", "I understand being an ethical vegan, that philosophy make sense, and I dislike using animals for people's gain", "Yeah, I agree with them there, animals should not really be used for food or research subjects in the fashion that they are now, it is cruel", "Yeah, a lot of companies went cruelty free afterthe public was so shocked by the conditions and suffering of animals" ]

[ "Veganism", "Veganism", "Veganism", "Veganism" ]

[ "Macaroni and cheese\nmy favorite delicacy is Macaroni and cheese", "ok ,where is the earliest history of mac and cheese?", "how are they prepared?", "are there different ways of making them?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Macaroni and cheese—also called mac and cheese in American, Canadian, and macaroni pie in Caribbean English; and macaroni cheese in the United Kingdom—is a dish of English origin, consisting of cooked macaroni pasta and a cheese sauce, most commonly cheddar.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It can also incorporate other ingredients, such as breadcrumbs, meat and vegetables.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Traditional macaroni and cheese is a casserole baked in the oven; however, it may be prepared in a sauce pan on top of the stove or using a packaged mix.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The cheese is often first incorporated into a Béchamel sauce to create a Mornay sauce, which is then added to the pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ In the United States, it is considered a comfort food.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Pasta and cheese casseroles have been recorded as early as the 14th century in the Italian cookbook, \"Liber de Coquina\", one of the oldest medieval cookbooks, which featured a dish of parmesan and pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ A cheese and pasta casserole known as \"makerouns\" was recorded in the famous medieval English cookbook, the \"Forme of Cury\", which was also written in the 14th century.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It was made with fresh, hand-cut pasta which was sandwiched between a mixture of melted butter and cheese.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The recipe given (in Middle English) was: This is the above recipe in modern English: The first modern recipe for the dish was included in Elizabeth Raffald's 1770 book, \"The Experienced English Housekeeper\".", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Kraft Dinner __knowledge__ The product known as Kraft Dinner (KD) in Canada, Kraft Macaroni & Cheese Dinner or Kraft Mac and Cheese in the United States and Australia, and Macaroni Cheese or Cheesey Pasta in the United Kingdom, is a nonperishable, packaged dry macaroni and cheese product.", "Kraft Dinner __knowledge__ It was first introduced under the Kraft Dinner name in both Canada and U.S. in 1937.", "Kraft Dinner __knowledge__ The product also developed into several other formulations, including Kraft's Easy Mac Cups, renamed Macaroni & Cheese Dinner Cups, a single-serving product designed specifically for microwave ovens.", "Kraft Dinner __knowledge__ The product's innovation was to combine the nonperishable dried macaroni noodles with a processed cheese powder, so that the dish could be prepared by cooking the pasta and adding the cheese powder, butter, and milk.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Beecher's Handmade Cheese is an artisan cheesemaker and retail shop with locations in the Pike Place Market, Seattle, Washington and New York City's Flatiron District.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ The company was founded by Kurt Beecher Dammeier in 2003 and opened in the Pike Place Market after Dammeier obtained a difficult to obtain storefront lease in the Market.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Because Dammeier had never been a cheesemaker, he sought out the assistance of Brad Sinko, who helped run a family cheese-making business in Oregon.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ A second location was opened in 2011 in the Flatiron neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Unlike most artisan cheese makers, Beecher's mainly uses pasteurized milk and operates a high-volume modern production facility, with multiple farms supplying milk.", "Macaroni pie __knowledge__ Macaroni pie is a casserole dish based on baked macaroni and cheese.", "Macaroni pie __knowledge__ Primary ingredients include elbow macaroni, cheese and milk.", "Macaroni pie __knowledge__ It is prepared in various regions of the world, and variations of the dish exist.", "Macaroni pie __knowledge__ For example, in Scotland, it is typically prepared using a Scotch pie crust, while in other areas no crust is used.", "Macaroni pie __knowledge__ Recipes from the 1800s in the United States include various meats, while contemporary versions may not include meats.", "Macaroni pie __knowledge__ Typical ingredients in macaroni pie include macaroni noodles, cheese, milk, butter, flour, salt, pepper and various spices.", "Macaroni pie __knowledge__ Additional ingredients sometimes used include onion and bread crumbs.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Mac n' Cheetos are a deep-fried cheese-flavored, puffed cornmeal and macaroni and cheese product sold by the international fast food chain store Burger King and the private restaurant chain Sheetz.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ The food is a combination of macaroni and cheese with the Frito-Lay snack Cheetos.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Mac n' Cheetos were first introduced in late June 2016.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ The product contained five pieces and initially came with ranch dressing.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ It was sold for an eight-week period, depending on supply.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Many publications have pointed out that Mac n' Cheetos is part of a larger trend of blending fast foods with well-known snack foods, as well as reflecting the current state of fast food alliances." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Macaroni and cheese—also called mac and cheese in American, Canadian, and macaroni pie in Caribbean English; and macaroni cheese in the United Kingdom—is a dish of English origin, consisting of cooked macaroni pasta and a cheese sauce, most commonly cheddar.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It can also incorporate other ingredients, such as breadcrumbs, meat and vegetables.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Traditional macaroni and cheese is a casserole baked in the oven; however, it may be prepared in a sauce pan on top of the stove or using a packaged mix.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The cheese is often first incorporated into a Béchamel sauce to create a Mornay sauce, which is then added to the pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ In the United States, it is considered a comfort food.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Pasta and cheese casseroles have been recorded as early as the 14th century in the Italian cookbook, \"Liber de Coquina\", one of the oldest medieval cookbooks, which featured a dish of parmesan and pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ A cheese and pasta casserole known as \"makerouns\" was recorded in the famous medieval English cookbook, the \"Forme of Cury\", which was also written in the 14th century.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It was made with fresh, hand-cut pasta which was sandwiched between a mixture of melted butter and cheese.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The recipe given (in Middle English) was: This is the above recipe in modern English: The first modern recipe for the dish was included in Elizabeth Raffald's 1770 book, \"The Experienced English Housekeeper\".", "Gofraid mac Fergusa __knowledge__ Gofraid mac Fergusa is an alleged ninth-century figure attested by the \"Annals of the Four Masters\" and various pedigrees concerning the ancestors of Clann Somhairle and Clann Domhnaill.", "Gofraid mac Fergusa __knowledge__ If the pedigrees are to be believed, he was a son of Fergus mac Eirc, and a descendant of Colla Uais.", "Gofraid mac Fergusa __knowledge__ Likewise, the two annal-entries that note Gofraid mac Fergusa claim that he was an Airgíallan ruler, who aided Cináed mac Ailpín in 835, and died sixteen years later as a ruler of the Isles.", "Gofraid mac Fergusa __knowledge__ Gofraid mac Fergusa's place in the aforesaid pedigrees is chronologically impossible.", "Gofraid mac Fergusa __knowledge__ The events associated with him by the annals are not supported by any contemporary or near contemporary source.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Cheese is a food derived from milk that is produced in a wide range of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein.", "Cheese __knowledge__ It comprises proteins and fat from milk, usually the milk of cows, buffalo, goats, or sheep.", "Cheese __knowledge__ During production, the milk is usually acidified, and adding the enzyme rennet causes coagulation.", "Cheese __knowledge__ The solids are separated and pressed into final form.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Some cheeses have molds on the rind, the outer layer, or throughout.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Most cheeses melt at cooking temperature.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Hundreds of types of cheese from various countries are produced.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Their styles, textures and flavors depend on the origin of the milk (including the animal's diet), whether they have been pasteurized, the butterfat content, the bacteria and mold, the processing, and aging.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Mac n' Cheetos are a deep-fried cheese-flavored, puffed cornmeal and macaroni and cheese product sold by the international fast food chain store Burger King and the private restaurant chain Sheetz.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ The food is a combination of macaroni and cheese with the Frito-Lay snack Cheetos.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Mac n' Cheetos were first introduced in late June 2016.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ The product contained five pieces and initially came with ranch dressing.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ It was sold for an eight-week period, depending on supply.", "Mac n' Cheetos __knowledge__ Many publications have pointed out that Mac n' Cheetos is part of a larger trend of blending fast foods with well-known snack foods, as well as reflecting the current state of fast food alliances.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Beecher's Handmade Cheese is an artisan cheesemaker and retail shop with locations in the Pike Place Market, Seattle, Washington and New York City's Flatiron District.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ The company was founded by Kurt Beecher Dammeier in 2003 and opened in the Pike Place Market after Dammeier obtained a difficult to obtain storefront lease in the Market.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Because Dammeier had never been a cheesemaker, he sought out the assistance of Brad Sinko, who helped run a family cheese-making business in Oregon.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ A second location was opened in 2011 in the Flatiron neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Unlike most artisan cheese makers, Beecher's mainly uses pasteurized milk and operates a high-volume modern production facility, with multiple farms supplying milk.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Lay's __knowledge__ Lay's is the name of a brand for a number of potato chip varieties, as well as the name of the company that founded the chip brand in the U.S. in 1932.", "Lay's __knowledge__ It is also called Frito-Lay.", "Lay's __knowledge__ Lay's has been owned by PepsiCo since 1965.", "Lay's __knowledge__ \"Lay's\" is the company's primary brand, with the exception of limited markets where other brand names are used: Walkers in the United Kingdom and Ireland; Smith's in Australia; Chipsy in Egypt; Poca in Vietnam; Tapuchips in Israel; Margarita in Colombia; Sabritas in Mexico; and, formerly, Hostess in Canada.", "Lay's __knowledge__ In 1932, salesman Herman Lay opened a snack food operation in Dorset, Ohio; and, in 1938, he purchased the Atlanta, Georgia, potato chip manufacturer \"Barrett Food Company\", renaming it \"H.W.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in the Land of Israel at the beginning of the Iron Age until the Roman period.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ The dietary staples were bread, wine and olive oil, but also included legumes, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish and meat.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Religious beliefs, which prohibited the consumption of certain foods, shaped the Israelite diet.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ There was considerable continuity in the main components of the diet over time, despite the introduction of new foodstuffs at various stages.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ A baked potato, or jacket potato, is a potato that has been baked for eating.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ When well cooked, a baked potato has a fluffy interior and a crisp skin.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ It may be served with fillings and condiments such as butter, cheese or ham.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ Potatoes can be baked in a conventional gas or electric oven, a convection oven, a microwave oven, on a barbecue grill, or on/in an open fire.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ Some restaurants use special ovens designed specifically to cook large numbers of potatoes, then keep them warm and ready for service.", "Baked potato __knowledge__ Prior to cooking, the potato should be scrubbed clean, washed and dried with eyes and surface blemishes removed, and basted with oil (usually Olive oil) or butter and/or salt.", "Cuisine of Ceredigion __knowledge__ The coast of Ceredigion is made up of a long coastal plain that contains high cliffs, coves, large bays and estuaries.", "Cuisine of Ceredigion __knowledge__ The coastal plain gets narrower towards the more mountainous north of the county and is cut by the wide estuaries of the Teifi and the Dyfi.", "Cuisine of Ceredigion __knowledge__ The broad and fertile Teifi valley is ideal for dairy farming and mixed farming.", "Cuisine of Ceredigion __knowledge__ Heavy rainfall washes the minerals out of the soil and results in the mountainous areas of the county having relatively poorer, acidic soils.", "Cuisine of Ceredigion __knowledge__ The plough line can be as low as 700 feet, which restricts cultivation.", "Cuisine of Ceredigion __knowledge__ The sea around Ceredigion has traditionally been rich in fish and for many centuries great shoals of herring would be caught in Cardigan Bay." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Macaroni and cheese—also called mac and cheese in American, Canadian, and macaroni pie in Caribbean English; and macaroni cheese in the United Kingdom—is a dish of English origin, consisting of cooked macaroni pasta and a cheese sauce, most commonly cheddar.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It can also incorporate other ingredients, such as breadcrumbs, meat and vegetables.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Traditional macaroni and cheese is a casserole baked in the oven; however, it may be prepared in a sauce pan on top of the stove or using a packaged mix.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The cheese is often first incorporated into a Béchamel sauce to create a Mornay sauce, which is then added to the pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ In the United States, it is considered a comfort food.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Pasta and cheese casseroles have been recorded as early as the 14th century in the Italian cookbook, \"Liber de Coquina\", one of the oldest medieval cookbooks, which featured a dish of parmesan and pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ A cheese and pasta casserole known as \"makerouns\" was recorded in the famous medieval English cookbook, the \"Forme of Cury\", which was also written in the 14th century.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It was made with fresh, hand-cut pasta which was sandwiched between a mixture of melted butter and cheese.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The recipe given (in Middle English) was: This is the above recipe in modern English: The first modern recipe for the dish was included in Elizabeth Raffald's 1770 book, \"The Experienced English Housekeeper\".", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Works for prepared piano by John Cage __knowledge__ American avant-garde composer John Cage (1912–1992) started composing pieces for solo prepared piano around 1938–40.", "Works for prepared piano by John Cage __knowledge__ The majority of early works for this instrument were created to accompany dances by Cage's various collaborators, most frequently Merce Cunningham.", "Works for prepared piano by John Cage __knowledge__ In response to frequent criticisms of prepared piano, Cage cited numerous predecessors (such as Henry Cowell).", "Works for prepared piano by John Cage __knowledge__ In the liner notes for the very first recording of his most highly acclaimed work for prepared piano, \"Sonatas and Interludes\", Cage wrote: \"Composing for the prepared piano is not a criticism of the instrument.", "Works for prepared piano by John Cage __knowledge__ I'm only being practical.\"", "Sales taxes in the United States __knowledge__ Sales taxes in the United States are taxes placed on the sale or lease of goods and services in the United States.", "Sales taxes in the United States __knowledge__ In the United States, sales tax is governed at the state level and no national general sales tax exists.", "Sales taxes in the United States __knowledge__ Forty-five states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and Guam impose general sales taxes that apply to the sale or lease of most goods and some services, and states also may levy selective sales taxes on the sale or lease of particular goods or services.", "Sales taxes in the United States __knowledge__ States may also delegate to local governments the authority to impose additional general or selective sales taxes.", "Sales taxes in the United States __knowledge__ Since January 2017, 5 states (Alaska, Delaware, Montana, New Hampshire and Oregon) do not levy a statewide sales tax, while California has the highest state sales tax with a base rate of 7.25%.", "Wine sauce __knowledge__ Wine sauce is a culinary sauce prepared with wine as a primary ingredient, heated and mixed with stock, butter, herbs, spices, onions, garlic and other ingredients.", "Wine sauce __knowledge__ Several types of wines may be used, including red wine, white wine and port wine.", "Wine sauce __knowledge__ Some versions are prepared using a reduction.", "Wine sauce __knowledge__ Several types of wine sauces exist, and it is used in many dishes, including those prepared with seafood, poultry and beef.", "Wine sauce __knowledge__ Wine sauces are associated with French cuisine.", "Wine sauce __knowledge__ Wine is a primary ingredient in wine sauce.", "Wine sauce __knowledge__ Wine sauce may be prepared using various wines, such as red wines, white wines, Burgundy wines, and port wines, among others.", "Cuisine of Corsica __knowledge__ The cuisine of Corsica is the traditional cuisine of the French island of Corsica.", "Cuisine of Corsica __knowledge__ It is mainly based on the products of the island, and due to historical and geographical reasons, has much in common with the Italian cuisine, and marginally with those of Nice and Provence.", "Cuisine of Corsica __knowledge__ The geographic conformation of Corsica, with its eastern coast (the one nearest to the continent) low, malaria-ridden, and impossible to defend, forced the population to settle in the mountains of the interior.", "Cuisine of Corsica __knowledge__ The agricultural products exported during antiquity reflect this situation: these were sheep, plus honey, wax and tar, produced by the widespread forests.", "Mustard (condiment) __knowledge__ Mustard is a condiment made from the seeds of a mustard plant (white/ yellow mustard, \"Sinapis alba\"; brown/ Indian mustard, \"Brassica juncea\"; or black mustard, \"Brassica nigra\").", "Mustard (condiment) __knowledge__ The whole, ground, cracked, or bruised mustard seeds are mixed with water, vinegar, lemon juice, wine, or other liquids, salt, and often other flavorings and spices, to create a paste or sauce ranging in color from bright yellow to dark brown.", "Mustard (condiment) __knowledge__ The taste of mustard ranges from sweet to spicy.", "Mustard (condiment) __knowledge__ Commonly paired with meats and cheeses, mustard is also added to sandwiches, hamburgers, corn dogs, and hot dogs.", "Mustard (condiment) __knowledge__ It is also used as an ingredient in many dressings, glazes, sauces, soups, and marinades.", "Prepared guitar __knowledge__ A prepared guitar is a guitar that has had its timbre altered by placing various objects on or between the instrument's strings, including other extended techniques.", "Prepared guitar __knowledge__ This practice is sometimes called tabletop guitar, because many prepared guitarists do not hold the instrument in the usual manner, but instead place the guitar on a table to manipulate it.", "Prepared guitar __knowledge__ The idea of altering an instrument's timbre through the use of external objects has been applied to other instruments as well, most notably John Cage's prepared piano, which preceded the prepared guitar.", "Prepared guitar __knowledge__ With prepared guitars, however, one of the key goals in preparing the instrument is changing its timbre – the fundamental tone composition of the sound.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ English cuisine encompasses the cooking styles, traditions and recipes associated with England.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ It has distinctive attributes of its own, but also shares much with wider British cuisine, partly through the importation of ingredients and ideas from North America, China, and India during the time of the British Empire and as a result of post-war immigration.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional meals have ancient origins, such as bread and cheese, roasted and stewed meats, meat and game pies, boiled vegetables and broths, and freshwater and saltwater fish.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ The 14th-century English cookbook, the \"Forme of Cury\", contains recipes for these, and dates from the royal court of Richard II.", "History of Colchester __knowledge__ Colchester is a historic town located in Essex, England.", "History of Colchester __knowledge__ It served as the first capital of Roman Britain and is oldest recorded town in Britain.", "History of Colchester __knowledge__ The gravel hill upon which Colchester is built was formed in the Middle Pleistocene period, and was shaped into a terrace between the Anglian glaciation and the Ipswichian glaciation by an ancient ham precursor to the River Colne.", "History of Colchester __knowledge__ From these deposits beneath the town have been found Palaeolithic flint tools, including at least six Acheulian handaxes.", "History of Colchester __knowledge__ Further flint tools made by hunter gatherers living in the Colne Valley during the Mesolithic have been discovered, including a Tranchet axe from Middlewick.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ Gumbo is a stew popular in the U.S. state of Louisiana, and that state's official state cuisine.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ It may have originated in southern Louisiana during the 18th century, possibly as a stew of the Choctaws served over corn grits.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ Gumbo consists primarily of a strongly-flavored stock, meat or shellfish, a thickener, and what Louisianians call the \"Holy Trinity\" of vegetables, namely celery, bell peppers, and onions.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ Gumbo is often categorized by the type of thickener used, the okra, the filé powder (dried and ground sassafras leaves), or roux, the French base made of flour and fat.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ The dish likely derived its name from either a word from a Bantu language for okra (\"ki ngombo\") or the Choctaw word for filé (\"kombo\").", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry (, plural curries) is an umbrella term referring to a number of dishes originating in the cuisine of the Indian subcontinent.", "Curry __knowledge__ The common feature is the use of complex combinations of spices or herbs, usually including fresh or dried hot chillies.", "Curry __knowledge__ The use of the term is generally limited to dishes prepared in a sauce.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry dishes prepared in the southern states of India may be spiced with leaves from the curry tree.", "Curry __knowledge__ There are many varieties of dishes called 'curries'.", "Curry __knowledge__ For example, in original traditional cuisines, the precise selection of spices for each dish is a matter of national or regional cultural tradition, religious practice, and, to some extent, family preference.", "Cookbook __knowledge__ A cookbook or cookery book is a kitchen reference publication containing a collection of recipes, typically organized by type of dish.", "Cookbook __knowledge__ Modern versions may also include colorful illustrations and advice on purchasing quality ingredients or making substitutions.", "Cookbook __knowledge__ Cookbooks can also cover a wide variety of topics, including cooking techniques for the home, recipes and commentary from famous chefs, institutional kitchen manuals, and cultural commentary.", "Cookbook __knowledge__ The earliest cookbooks listed recipes of the finest cuisine of their day, either of the author's favorite dishes or to train professional cooks for banquets and upper-class, private homes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Macaroni and cheese—also called mac and cheese in American, Canadian, and macaroni pie in Caribbean English; and macaroni cheese in the United Kingdom—is a dish of English origin, consisting of cooked macaroni pasta and a cheese sauce, most commonly cheddar.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It can also incorporate other ingredients, such as breadcrumbs, meat and vegetables.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Traditional macaroni and cheese is a casserole baked in the oven; however, it may be prepared in a sauce pan on top of the stove or using a packaged mix.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The cheese is often first incorporated into a Béchamel sauce to create a Mornay sauce, which is then added to the pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ In the United States, it is considered a comfort food.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ Pasta and cheese casseroles have been recorded as early as the 14th century in the Italian cookbook, \"Liber de Coquina\", one of the oldest medieval cookbooks, which featured a dish of parmesan and pasta.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ A cheese and pasta casserole known as \"makerouns\" was recorded in the famous medieval English cookbook, the \"Forme of Cury\", which was also written in the 14th century.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ It was made with fresh, hand-cut pasta which was sandwiched between a mixture of melted butter and cheese.", "Macaroni and cheese __knowledge__ The recipe given (in Middle English) was: This is the above recipe in modern English: The first modern recipe for the dish was included in Elizabeth Raffald's 1770 book, \"The Experienced English Housekeeper\".", "American anthropology __knowledge__ American anthropology has culture as its central and unifying concept.", "American anthropology __knowledge__ This most commonly refers to the universal human capacity to classify and encode human experiences symbolically, and to communicate symbolically encoded experiences socially.", "American anthropology __knowledge__ American anthropology is organized into four fields, each of which plays an important role in research on culture: Research in these fields has influenced anthropologists working in other countries to different degrees.", "American anthropology __knowledge__ Discussion concerning culture among biological anthropologists centers around two debates.", "American anthropology __knowledge__ First, is culture uniquely human or shared by other species (most notably, other primates)?", "Language __knowledge__ Language is a system that consists of the development, acquisition, maintenance and use of complex systems of communication, particularly the human ability to do so; and a language is any specific example of such a system.", "Language __knowledge__ The scientific study of language is called linguistics.", "Language __knowledge__ Questions concerning the philosophy of language, such as whether words can represent experience, have been debated at least since Gorgias and Plato in ancient Greece.", "Language __knowledge__ Thinkers such as Rousseau have argued that language originated from emotions while others like Kant have held that it originated from rational and logical thought.", "English orthography __knowledge__ English orthography is the system of writing conventions used to represent spoken English in written form that allows readers to connect spelling to sound to meaning.", "English orthography __knowledge__ Like the orthography of most world languages, English orthography has a broad degree of standardization.", "English orthography __knowledge__ However, unlike with most languages, there are multiple ways to spell nearly every phoneme (sound), and most letters also have multiple pronunciations depending on their position in a word and the context.", "English orthography __knowledge__ Several orthographic mistakes are common even among native speakers.", "English orthography __knowledge__ This is mainly due to the large number of words that have been borrowed from a large number of other languages throughout the history of the English language, without successful attempts at complete spelling reforms.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ A touchpoint can be defined as any way a consumer can interact with a business, whether it be person-to-person, through a website, an app or any form of communication (“Touchpoint Glossary”, n.d.).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ When consumers come in contact with these touchpoints it gives them the opportunity to compare their prior perceptions of the business and form an opinion (Stein, & Ramaseshan, 2016).", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints in marketing communications are the varying ways that a brand interacts and displays information to prospective customers and current customers.", "Touchpoint __knowledge__ Touchpoints allow customers to have experiences every time they “touch’ any part of the product, service, brand or organization, across multiple channels and various points in time (Pantano and Milena, 2015 and Zomerdijk and Voss, 2010).", "String theory __knowledge__ In physics, string theory is a theoretical framework in which the point-like particles of particle physics are replaced by one-dimensional objects called strings.", "String theory __knowledge__ It describes how these strings propagate through space and interact with each other.", "String theory __knowledge__ On distance scales larger than the string scale, a string looks just like an ordinary particle, with its mass, charge, and other properties determined by the vibrational state of the string.", "String theory __knowledge__ In string theory, one of the many vibrational states of the string corresponds to the graviton, a quantum mechanical particle that carries gravitational force.", "String theory __knowledge__ Thus string theory is a theory of quantum gravity.", "Social construction of gender __knowledge__ The social construction of gender is a theory in feminism, philosophy and sociology about the origin of gender difference between men and women.", "Social construction of gender __knowledge__ According to this view, society and culture create gender roles, and these roles are prescribed as ideal or appropriate behavior for a person of that specific sex.", "Social construction of gender __knowledge__ Some supporters of this theory argue that the differences in behavior between men and women are entirely social conventions, whereas others believe that behavior is influenced by universal biological factors to varying degrees, with social conventions having a major effect on gendered behavior.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Butter __knowledge__ Butter is a dairy product containing up to 80% butterfat (in commercial products) which is solid when chilled and at room temperature in some regions and liquid when warmed.", "Butter __knowledge__ It is made by churning fresh or fermented cream or milk to separate the butterfat from the buttermilk.", "Butter __knowledge__ It is generally used as a spread on plain or toasted bread products and a condiment on cooked vegetables, as well as in cooking, such as baking, sauce making, and pan frying.", "Butter __knowledge__ Butter consists of butterfat, milk proteins and water, and in some types, added salt.", "Butter __knowledge__ Butter may also be sold with added flavourings, such as garlic butter.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Dumpling is a broad classification for a dish that consists of small pieces of dough (made from a variety of starch sources) wrapped around a filling.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ The dough can be based on bread, flour, or potatoes, and may be filled with meat, fish, cheese, vegetables, fruits, or sweets.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Dumplings may be prepared using a variety of methods, including baking, boiling, frying, simmering, or steaming.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Banku and kenkey fit the definition of a dumpling in that they are starchy balls of dough that are steamed.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ They are formed from fermented cornmeal.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Banku is boiled and requires continues kneading, while kenkey is partly boiled then finished by steaming in corn or banana leaves.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Pierogi __knowledge__ Pierogi ( ) (singular pieróg), also known as varenyky, are filled dumplings of Central European origin made by wrapping unleavened dough around a savory or sweet filling and cooking in boiling water.", "Pierogi __knowledge__ These dumplings are popular in West Slavic (Polish and Slovak), Hungarian, East Slavic (Belarusian, Russian, and Ukrainian), Baltic (Latvian and Lithuanian) and other Central and Eastern European cuisines where they are known under their local names.", "Pierogi __knowledge__ However, pierogi are especially almost always associated with Poland and Slovakia, where they are considered national dishes.", "Pierogi __knowledge__ Typical fillings include potato, sauerkraut, ground meat, cheese, and fruits.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe." ] ]

[ 3, 7, 8, 2 ]

[ "Great taste! Mac and cheese is so traditional and a classic! I think it is best when baked in the oven.", "I'm not sure of the exact origins, but I read somewhere that the dish was recorded in a medieval English cookbook in the 14th century!", "I read that it was made with fresh hand-cut pasta and sandwiched between a mixture of melted butter and cheese. So it sounds exactly like what we make today!", "There are! I've seen recipes where people make them with meat, breadcrumbs, or vegetables. But I haven't tried them. Just give me macaroni noodles and a glob of cheese and I'm good! Lol" ]

[ "Macaroni and cheese", "Macaroni and cheese", "Macaroni and cheese", "Macaroni and cheese" ]

[ "Rose\nMy favorite flower are roses. Do you like roses? ", "What types of roses have you bought or grown? ", "Are there any particular species of roses you get? ", "Yes, those are predominantly hybrid roses. They are lovely. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rose __knowledge__ A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears.", "Rose __knowledge__ There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars.", "Rose __knowledge__ They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles.", "Rose __knowledge__ Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds.", "Rose __knowledge__ Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa.", "Rose __knowledge__ Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant.", "Rose __knowledge__ Roses have acquired cultural significance in many societies.", "Rose __knowledge__ Rose plants range in size from compact, miniature roses, to climbers that can reach seven meters in height.", "Rose __knowledge__ Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used in the development of the wide range of garden roses.", "Rose __knowledge__ The name \"rose\" comes from French, itself from Latin \"rosa\", which was perhaps borrowed from Oscan, from Greek ρόδον \"rhódon\" (Aeolic βρόδον \"wródon\"), itself borrowed from Old Persian \"wrd-\" (\"wurdi\"), related to Avestan \"varəδa\", Sogdian \"ward\", Parthian \"wâr\".", "Rose __knowledge__ The leaves are borne alternately on the stem.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Garden roses are predominantly hybrid roses that are grown as ornamental plants in private or public gardens.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ They are one of the most popular and widely cultivated groups of flowering plants, especially in temperate climates.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Numerous cultivars have been produced, especially over the last two centuries, though roses have been known in the garden for millennia beforehand.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ While most garden roses are grown for their flowers, some are also valued for other reasons, such as having ornamental fruit, providing ground cover, or for hedging.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ It is believed that roses were grown in all the early civilisations of temperate latitudes from at least 5000 years ago.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ In the Roman Empire, Rosalia or Rosaria was a festival of roses celebrated on various dates, primarily in May, but scattered through mid-July.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ The observance is sometimes called a rosatio (\"rose-adornment\") or the dies rosationis, \"day of rose-adornment,\" and could be celebrated also with violets \"(violatio\", an adorning with violets, also \"dies violae\" or \"dies violationis\", \"day of the \").", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ As a commemoration of the dead, the \"rosatio\" developed from the custom of placing flowers at burial sites.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ It was among the extensive private religious practices by means of which the Romans cared for their dead, reflecting the value placed on tradition \"(mos maiorum\", \"the way of the ancestors\"), family lineage, and memorials ranging from simple inscriptions to grand public works.", "Flower __knowledge__ A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also called angiosperms).", "Flower __knowledge__ The biological function of a flower is to effect reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism for the union of sperm with eggs.", "Flower __knowledge__ Flowers may facilitate outcrossing (fusion of sperm and eggs from different individuals in a population) or allow selfing (fusion of sperm and egg from the same flower).", "Flower __knowledge__ Some flowers produce diaspores without fertilization (parthenocarpy).", "Flower __knowledge__ Flowers contain sporangia and are the site where gametophytes develop.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Floristry __knowledge__ Floristry is the production, commerce and trade in flowers.", "Floristry __knowledge__ It encompasses flower care and handling, floral design, or flower arranging, merchandising, and display and flower delivery.", "Floristry __knowledge__ Wholesale florists sell bulk flowers and related supplies to professionals in the trade.", "Floristry __knowledge__ Retail florists offer fresh flowers and related products and services to consumers.", "Floristry __knowledge__ The first flower shop opened in 1875.", "Floristry __knowledge__ Floristry can involve the cultivation of flowers as well as their arrangement, and to the business of selling them.", "Floristry __knowledge__ Much of the raw material supplied for the floristry trade comes from the cut flowers industry.", "Rose show __knowledge__ A rose show is a horticultural exhibition focusing exclusively on roses.", "Rose show __knowledge__ Initially in the UK roses were exhibited in general flower shows such as those run by the Royal Horticultural Society.", "Rose show __knowledge__ Judges were appointed by whoever sponsored the show, and were not necessarily rosarians themselves.", "Rose show __knowledge__ The first Grand National specialty rose show was held July 1, 1858, in St. James Hall, London.", "Rose show __knowledge__ It was organized by S. Reynolds Hole, Dean of Rochester Cathedral and a prominent rosarian, Thomas Rivers, a nurseryman and publisher of the first catalog of roses (1834) in the UK, Charles Turner, a rosarian, and William Paul, a writer and nurseryman.", "Everything's Coming up Roses __knowledge__ \"Everything's Coming Up Roses\" is a song from the 1959 Broadway musical \"Gypsy: A Musical Fable\", with lyrics by Stephen Sondheim and music by Jule Styne.", "Everything's Coming up Roses __knowledge__ Introduced in the musical's inaugural production by Ethel Merman, \"Everything's Coming Up Roses\" became one of Merman's signature songs.", "Everything's Coming up Roses __knowledge__ According to Sammy Cahn, the song had its genesis in the 1947 musical \"High Button Shoes\", for which he was the lyricist.", "Everything's Coming up Roses __knowledge__ Cahn wrote lyrics for a song entitled \"Betwixt and Between\" to be sung by a female character who can't decide between two men.", "Everything's Coming up Roses __knowledge__ Jule Styne, who was that musical's composer, wrote music for it, but the director decided the song didn't fit well into the show and removed it." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rose __knowledge__ A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears.", "Rose __knowledge__ There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars.", "Rose __knowledge__ They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles.", "Rose __knowledge__ Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds.", "Rose __knowledge__ Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa.", "Rose __knowledge__ Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant.", "Rose __knowledge__ Roses have acquired cultural significance in many societies.", "Rose __knowledge__ Rose plants range in size from compact, miniature roses, to climbers that can reach seven meters in height.", "Rose __knowledge__ Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used in the development of the wide range of garden roses.", "Rose __knowledge__ The name \"rose\" comes from French, itself from Latin \"rosa\", which was perhaps borrowed from Oscan, from Greek ρόδον \"rhódon\" (Aeolic βρόδον \"wródon\"), itself borrowed from Old Persian \"wrd-\" (\"wurdi\"), related to Avestan \"varəδa\", Sogdian \"ward\", Parthian \"wâr\".", "Rose __knowledge__ The leaves are borne alternately on the stem.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Garden roses are predominantly hybrid roses that are grown as ornamental plants in private or public gardens.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ They are one of the most popular and widely cultivated groups of flowering plants, especially in temperate climates.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Numerous cultivars have been produced, especially over the last two centuries, though roses have been known in the garden for millennia beforehand.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ While most garden roses are grown for their flowers, some are also valued for other reasons, such as having ornamental fruit, providing ground cover, or for hedging.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ It is believed that roses were grown in all the early civilisations of temperate latitudes from at least 5000 years ago.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ In the Roman Empire, Rosalia or Rosaria was a festival of roses celebrated on various dates, primarily in May, but scattered through mid-July.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ The observance is sometimes called a rosatio (\"rose-adornment\") or the dies rosationis, \"day of rose-adornment,\" and could be celebrated also with violets \"(violatio\", an adorning with violets, also \"dies violae\" or \"dies violationis\", \"day of the \").", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ As a commemoration of the dead, the \"rosatio\" developed from the custom of placing flowers at burial sites.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ It was among the extensive private religious practices by means of which the Romans cared for their dead, reflecting the value placed on tradition \"(mos maiorum\", \"the way of the ancestors\"), family lineage, and memorials ranging from simple inscriptions to grand public works.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ Frank Riethmuller (1884–1965) was an Australian rose breeder.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ The last child of poor German immigrant farmers, Francis Lewis Riethmuller (known as Frank) was born on 10 February 1884 in Glenvale, then a village near (now a suburb of) Toowoomba, Queensland.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ When dealing with Germans, he reverted to writing Riethmüller.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ In Australia, the first syllable is pronounced Reith but never spelt that way.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ Chronically prone to bronchitis and bronchiectasis, Riethmuller had to live mostly outdoors.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ First educated at Glenvale primary school, he spent two years as a state scholarship pupil at Toowoomba Grammar: every surname in the class was Anglo-Celtic except his.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ The cottage garden is a distinct style that uses informal design, traditional materials, dense plantings, and a mixture of ornamental and edible plants.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ English in origin, it depends on grace and charm rather than grandeur and formal structure.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ Homely and functional gardens connected to working-class cottages go back centuries, but their stylized reinvention occurred in 1870s England, as a reaction to the more structured, rigorously maintained estate gardens with their formal designs and mass plantings of greenhouse annuals.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ The earliest cottage gardens were more practical than today's, with emphasis on vegetables and herbs, fruit trees, perhaps a beehive, and even livestock.", "Marie Henrieta Chotek __knowledge__ Countess Henrieta Hermína Rudolfína Ferdinanda Marie Antonie Anna Chotková of Chotkov and Vojnín – (known as \"Marie Henrieta Chotek\" - ) - (1863–1946), also known as \"the countess of roses\" was a grower of roses, who established the rosarium of Dolná Krupá (Slovakia), The village of Dolná Krupá (, ) is located in the Danubian Hills at the foot of the Little Carpathians in the Krupá River valley.", "Marie Henrieta Chotek __knowledge__ The development of the Dolná Krupá estate started when it entered in the possession of Michael II Brunswick (1671–1719) as he married Mária Terézia Vitalisová, the newlyweds choosing the property as their residence.", "Heat (perfume) __knowledge__ Heat is a perfume endorsed by Beyoncé.", "Heat (perfume) __knowledge__ It was created by her alongside Claude Dir and Olivier Gillotin of the company Givaudan.", "Heat (perfume) __knowledge__ The product, which was released on February 3, 2010, uses the tagline \"catch the fever\".", "Heat (perfume) __knowledge__ The release was promoted with a cover version of \"Fever\" recorded by Beyoncé and a limited edition extended play (EP) also titled \"Heat\".", "Heat (perfume) __knowledge__ She also appeared at Macy's Herald Square to launch the perfume and on \"The Today Show\" where she discussed about Heat.", "Heat (perfume) __knowledge__ The fragrance's commercial, directed by director Jake Nava and released in December 2009, spawned controversy for its sexually explicit imagery, and was only allowed nighttime broadcast in the United Kingdom.", "Celine Dion Parfums __knowledge__ Celine Dion Parfums is a brand line of celebrity-endorsed perfumes by international singing star Celine Dion and Coty, Inc., with global retail sales of more than $850 million by March 2010.", "Celine Dion Parfums __knowledge__ As of 2011, there have been 14 (only 9 of which has been released in the United States) perfumes that have been released.", "Celine Dion Parfums __knowledge__ A new fragrance called Signature, was released in September 2011.", "Celine Dion Parfums __knowledge__ In 2003, Coty, Inc. created a partnership to release a range of perfumes, each representing a period in Celine's career with different styles and notes.", "Celine Dion Parfums __knowledge__ The first fragrance was named after Celine and was released in 2003 to great success.", "Perfume __knowledge__ Perfume ( ; ) is a mixture of fragrant essential oils or aroma compounds, fixatives and solvents, used to give the human body, animals, food, objects, and living-spaces an agreeable scent.", "Perfume __knowledge__ It is usually in liquid form and used to give a pleasant scent to a person's body.", "Perfume __knowledge__ Ancient texts and archaeological excavations show the use of perfumes in some of the earliest human civilizations.", "Perfume __knowledge__ Modern perfumery began in the late 19th century with the commercial synthesis of aroma compounds such as vanillin or coumarin, which allowed for the composition of perfumes with smells previously unattainable solely from natural aromatics alone.", "S by Shakira __knowledge__ S by Shakira is the first woman's fragrance by Colombian singer songwriter Shakira.", "S by Shakira __knowledge__ Developing an interest in perfumery and scents, Shakira signed an agreement with international fashion company Puig to create a line of beauty and personal care products.", "S by Shakira __knowledge__ S by Shakira is inspired by the singer's \"light\" and is an oriental perfume which combines scents of various exotic sources like sambac jasmine, sandalwood, and vanilla.", "S by Shakira __knowledge__ The bottle of the perfume is made of treated glass which reflects light at different angles; it does not have a cap and instead utilises a key-like mechanism to stop the flow of the perfume.", "Glow by JLo __knowledge__ Glow by JLo is a women's fragrance endorsed by American entertainer, Jennifer Lopez, and released through Coty Incorporated.", "Glow by JLo __knowledge__ It was conceived as far back as 1998, when Lopez announced a lifestyle line that would include a fragrance.", "Glow by JLo __knowledge__ Contradictory to assumptions that it would be unsuccessful, it performed extremely well, becoming America's top-selling fragrance.", "Glow by JLo __knowledge__ Glow Industries filed a lawsuit against Lopez and Coty to not use the term \"Glow\", however a judge denied their request.", "Glow by JLo __knowledge__ Along with products from Lopez's fashion and lifestyle line, it brought in over $300 million by 2004.", "Glow by JLo __knowledge__ Subsequently, Glow became a successful woman's fragrance line.", "Fantasy (fragrance) __knowledge__ Fantasy is a women's fragrance and fragrance line by Britney Spears and Elizabeth Arden.", "Fantasy (fragrance) __knowledge__ Fantasy, the perfume, is the second perfume to be endorsed by Britney Spears.", "Fantasy (fragrance) __knowledge__ It was released in the US on September 15, 2005, following the successful previous perfume from Spears, \"Curious\", which made over $30 million in sales in the first three months of its launch.", "Fantasy (fragrance) __knowledge__ The Fantasy fragrance line has currently sixteen perfumes: Fantasy, Midnight Fantasy, Hidden Fantasy, Circus Fantasy, Fantasy Twist, Island Fantasy, Fantasy Anniversary Edition, Fantasy The Nice Remix, Fantasy The Naughty Remix, Fantasy Stage Edition, Rocker Femme Fantasy, Fantasy Renner Edition, Fantasy Intimate Edition, Maui Fantasy, In Bloom Fantasy and Sunset Fantasy.", "Heat Rush __knowledge__ Heat Rush is the second fragrance endorsed by American singer Beyoncé.", "Heat Rush __knowledge__ In February 2011, she released the perfume as a sister scent to Heat (2010).", "Heat Rush __knowledge__ While Heat is billed as an \"overtly sexy\" fragrance, Heat Rush is intended to be more for daytime use.", "Heat Rush __knowledge__ It contains various floral and fruity scents in its three types of notes and is meant to showcase Beyoncé's sensuality and parts of her personality.", "Heat Rush __knowledge__ The fragrance is packaged in an orange falcon.", "Heat Rush __knowledge__ New fragrance project working sessions took place backstage in Newcastle upon Tyne, England in November 2009.", "Heat Rush __knowledge__ During the new fragrance project working sessions, Beyoncé deciphered through different scents, later choosing a \"Sunset Cocktail Mod 5\" scent because it made her feel \"as though a breeze were coming through the room\" and seemed \"like more of a risk\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rose __knowledge__ A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears.", "Rose __knowledge__ There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars.", "Rose __knowledge__ They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles.", "Rose __knowledge__ Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds.", "Rose __knowledge__ Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa.", "Rose __knowledge__ Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant.", "Rose __knowledge__ Roses have acquired cultural significance in many societies.", "Rose __knowledge__ Rose plants range in size from compact, miniature roses, to climbers that can reach seven meters in height.", "Rose __knowledge__ Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used in the development of the wide range of garden roses.", "Rose __knowledge__ The name \"rose\" comes from French, itself from Latin \"rosa\", which was perhaps borrowed from Oscan, from Greek ρόδον \"rhódon\" (Aeolic βρόδον \"wródon\"), itself borrowed from Old Persian \"wrd-\" (\"wurdi\"), related to Avestan \"varəδa\", Sogdian \"ward\", Parthian \"wâr\".", "Rose __knowledge__ The leaves are borne alternately on the stem.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Garden roses are predominantly hybrid roses that are grown as ornamental plants in private or public gardens.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ They are one of the most popular and widely cultivated groups of flowering plants, especially in temperate climates.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Numerous cultivars have been produced, especially over the last two centuries, though roses have been known in the garden for millennia beforehand.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ While most garden roses are grown for their flowers, some are also valued for other reasons, such as having ornamental fruit, providing ground cover, or for hedging.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ It is believed that roses were grown in all the early civilisations of temperate latitudes from at least 5000 years ago.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses has released six studio albums, accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide, including 45 million in the United States, making them the 41st best-selling artist of all time.", "Guns N' Roses __knowledge__ Guns N' Roses' debut album, \"Appetite for Destruction\" (1987), reached number one on the \"Billboard\" 200 a year after its release, on the strength of \"Sweet Child o' Mine\", the band's only single to reach number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ In the Roman Empire, Rosalia or Rosaria was a festival of roses celebrated on various dates, primarily in May, but scattered through mid-July.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ The observance is sometimes called a rosatio (\"rose-adornment\") or the dies rosationis, \"day of rose-adornment,\" and could be celebrated also with violets \"(violatio\", an adorning with violets, also \"dies violae\" or \"dies violationis\", \"day of the \").", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ As a commemoration of the dead, the \"rosatio\" developed from the custom of placing flowers at burial sites.", "Rosalia (festival) __knowledge__ It was among the extensive private religious practices by means of which the Romans cared for their dead, reflecting the value placed on tradition \"(mos maiorum\", \"the way of the ancestors\"), family lineage, and memorials ranging from simple inscriptions to grand public works.", "Friedrich Heinrich Ferdinand Leopold von Forcade de Biaix __knowledge__ Friedrich Heinrich Ferdinand Leopold von Forcade de Biaix, aka \"Heinrich Friedrich Ferdinand Leopold von Forcade de Biaix\", aka \"Friedrich Heinrich Ferdinand Leopold Marquis de Forcade de Biaix\" (* 19 December 1747, Berlin; † 12 October 1808, \"Schleibitz Manor\", Oels, Silesia), was a Royal Prussian lieutenant colonel.", "Friedrich Heinrich Ferdinand Leopold von Forcade de Biaix __knowledge__ He served in the Prussian Army from 1761-1793.", "Friedrich Heinrich Ferdinand Leopold von Forcade de Biaix __knowledge__ His last command was as Commanding Officer of the 10th Prussian Fusilier Battalion, with which he served in the Rhine Campaigns of 1791, where he was awarded the Kingdom of Prussia's highest military order of merit for heroism, Knight of the Order of \"Pour le Mérite (1791).\"", "Habitat __knowledge__ A habitat is an ecological or environmental area that is inhabited by a particular species of animal, plant, or other type of organism.", "Habitat __knowledge__ The term typically refers to the zone in which the organism lives and where it can find food, shelter, protection and mates for reproduction.", "Habitat __knowledge__ It is the natural environment in which an organism lives, or the physical environment that surrounds a species population.", "Habitat __knowledge__ A habitat is made up of physical factors such as soil, moisture, range of temperature, and light intensity as well as biotic factors such as the availability of food and the presence or absence of predators.", "Chalkhill blue __knowledge__ The chalkhill blue (\"Polyommatus coridon\") is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae.", "Chalkhill blue __knowledge__ Subspecies include: Upon using allozyme analyses when looking at the species \"P. hispana\" and \"P. slovacus\" showed a difference in evolutionary history with \"P. coridon\".", "Chalkhill blue __knowledge__ The analysis showed that \"P. hispana\" has a large genetic distance between the two species and that there was allopartic speciation from \"P. coridon\".", "Chalkhill blue __knowledge__ \"P. slovacus\" seems to show that there was sympatry with \"P. coridon\" but the genetic analysis could not prove this hypothesis, so the researchers made the conclusion that this particular species was a local population that has an atavism of bivoltinism.", "Not in This Lifetime... Tour __knowledge__ The Not in This Lifetime... Tour is an ongoing concert tour by hard rock band Guns N' Roses.", "Not in This Lifetime... Tour __knowledge__ It features classic lineup members Axl Rose, Slash and Duff McKagan, marking the first time since the Use Your Illusion Tour in 1993 that the three performed together.", "Not in This Lifetime... Tour __knowledge__ After the previous tour in 2014, guitarists DJ Ashba & Ron \"Bumblefoot\" Thal, bassist Tommy Stinson and keyboardist Chris Pitman left Guns N' Roses, leaving the band with several open spots.", "Not in This Lifetime... Tour __knowledge__ Former members Slash and McKagan rejoined the band and Melissa Reese joined as keyboardist.", "Not in This Lifetime... Tour __knowledge__ The group embarked on the world tour that spanned several continents, with 148 shows performed or scheduled so far.", "Fiesta (dinnerware) __knowledge__ Fiesta, often called Fiestaware, is a line of ceramic glazed dinnerware manufactured and marketed by the Homer Laughlin China Company of Newell, West Virginia since its introduction in 1936, with a hiatus from 1973 to 1985.", "Fiesta (dinnerware) __knowledge__ Fiesta is noted for its Art Deco styling featuring concentric circles—and its range of solid colors.", "Fiesta (dinnerware) __knowledge__ Both Fiesta's original shapes and its glazes were designed by Frederick Hurten Rhead, Homer Laughlin's art director.", "Fiesta (dinnerware) __knowledge__ Several of the original shapes were redesigned (and other new shapes added) by Jonathan O. Parry, who became Homer Laughlin's art director in 1984.", "Fiesta (dinnerware) __knowledge__ When the Fiesta line was re-introduced in 1986, it featured a more durable, vitreous composition.", "Fireworks __knowledge__ Fireworks are a class of low explosive pyrotechnic devices used for aesthetic and entertainment purposes.", "Fireworks __knowledge__ The most common use of a firework is as part of a fireworks display (also called a fireworks show or pyrotechnics), a display of the effects produced by firework devices.", "Fireworks __knowledge__ Fireworks competitions are also regularly held at a number of places.", "Fireworks __knowledge__ Fireworks take many forms to produce the four primary effects: noise, light, smoke, and floating materials (confetti for example).", "Fireworks __knowledge__ They may be designed to burn with colored flames and sparks including red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, and silver.", "Paper size __knowledge__ Many paper size standards conventions have existed at different times and in different countries.", "Paper size __knowledge__ Today, the A and B series of ISO 216, which includes the commonly used A4 size, are the international standard used by almost every country.", "Paper size __knowledge__ However, in many countries in the Americas as well as in the Philippines, the North American series of paper sizes such as 'Letter' is more prevalent.", "Paper size __knowledge__ Paper sizes affect writing paper, stationery, cards, and some printed documents.", "Paper size __knowledge__ The international standard for envelopes is the C series of ISO 269.", "Paper size __knowledge__ The international paper size standard is ISO 216.", "Paper size __knowledge__ It is based on the German DIN 476 standard for paper sizes.", "Color photography __knowledge__ Color (or colour) photography is photography that uses media capable of reproducing colors.", "Color photography __knowledge__ By contrast, black-and-white (monochrome) photography records only a single channel of luminance (brightness) and uses media capable only of showing shades of gray.", "Color photography __knowledge__ In color photography, electronic sensors or light-sensitive chemicals record color information at the time of exposure.", "Color photography __knowledge__ This is usually done by analyzing the spectrum of colors into three channels of information, one dominated by red, another by green and the third by blue, in imitation of the way the normal human eye senses color.", "Color photography __knowledge__ The recorded information is then used to reproduce the original colors by mixing various proportions of red, green and blue light (RGB color, used by video displays, digital projectors and some historical photographic processes), or by using dyes or pigments to remove various proportions of the red, green and blue which are present in white light (CMY color, used for prints on paper and transparencies on film).", "China service of the Lincoln administration __knowledge__ The china service of the Lincoln administration generally refers to a set of purple-banded china (porcelain) dishes used for serving and eating food at the White House, home of the President of the United States.", "China service of the Lincoln administration __knowledge__ Also known as the Lincoln solferino china service (in reference to the purple border), it was purchased in April 1861 by First Lady Mary Todd Lincoln.", "China service of the Lincoln administration __knowledge__ The porcelain was manufactured by Haviland & Co. in France, and some of the decoration of the china was made overseas.", "China service of the Lincoln administration __knowledge__ Additional decoration was made by the American firm of E. V. Haughwout & Co., which sold the china to Mrs. Lincoln.", "China service of the Lincoln administration __knowledge__ Much of the china was broken or too chipped to be used by the end of the first Lincoln administration in 1864.", "Saxophone __knowledge__ The saxophone (also referred to as the sax) is a family of woodwind instruments.", "Saxophone __knowledge__ Saxophones are usually made of brass and played with a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet.", "Saxophone __knowledge__ Like the clarinet, saxophones have holes in the instrument which the player closes using a system of key mechanisms.", "Saxophone __knowledge__ When the player presses a key, a pad either covers a hole or lifts off a hole, lowering or raising the pitch, respectively.", "Saxophone __knowledge__ The saxophone family was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in 1840.", "Saxophone __knowledge__ Adolphe Sax wanted to create a group or series of instruments that would be the most powerful and vocal of the woodwinds, and the most adaptive of the brass instruments, that would fill the vacant middle ground between the two sections.", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ Ceramics in Mexico date back thousands of years before the Pre-Columbian period, when ceramic arts and pottery crafts developed with the first advanced civilizations and cultures of Mesoamerica.", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ With one exception, pre-Hispanic wares were not glazed, but rather burnished and painted with colored fine clay slips.", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ The potter's wheel was unknown as well; pieces were shaped by molding, coiling and other methods.", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ After the Spanish Invasion and Conquest, European techniques and designs were introduced, nearly wiping out the native traditions.", "Mexican ceramics __knowledge__ Indigenous traditions survive in a few pottery items such as comals, and the addition of indigenous design elements into mostly European motifs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rose __knowledge__ A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears.", "Rose __knowledge__ There are over a hundred species and thousands of cultivars.", "Rose __knowledge__ They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles.", "Rose __knowledge__ Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds.", "Rose __knowledge__ Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa.", "Rose __knowledge__ Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant.", "Rose __knowledge__ Roses have acquired cultural significance in many societies.", "Rose __knowledge__ Rose plants range in size from compact, miniature roses, to climbers that can reach seven meters in height.", "Rose __knowledge__ Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used in the development of the wide range of garden roses.", "Rose __knowledge__ The name \"rose\" comes from French, itself from Latin \"rosa\", which was perhaps borrowed from Oscan, from Greek ρόδον \"rhódon\" (Aeolic βρόδον \"wródon\"), itself borrowed from Old Persian \"wrd-\" (\"wurdi\"), related to Avestan \"varəδa\", Sogdian \"ward\", Parthian \"wâr\".", "Rose __knowledge__ The leaves are borne alternately on the stem.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Garden roses are predominantly hybrid roses that are grown as ornamental plants in private or public gardens.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ They are one of the most popular and widely cultivated groups of flowering plants, especially in temperate climates.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ Numerous cultivars have been produced, especially over the last two centuries, though roses have been known in the garden for millennia beforehand.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ While most garden roses are grown for their flowers, some are also valued for other reasons, such as having ornamental fruit, providing ground cover, or for hedging.", "Garden roses __knowledge__ It is believed that roses were grown in all the early civilisations of temperate latitudes from at least 5000 years ago.", "Roses in Portland, Oregon __knowledge__ The city of Portland, Oregon is ideal for growing roses outdoors due to its location within the marine west coast climate region, its warm, dry summers and rainy but mild winters, and its heavy clay soils.", "Roses in Portland, Oregon __knowledge__ Portland has been known as the City of Roses, or Rose City, since 1888, after \"Madame Caroline Testout\", a large pink variety of hybrid tea rose bred in France, was introduced to the city.", "Roses in Portland, Oregon __knowledge__ Thousands of rose bushes were planted, eventually lining of Portland's streets in preparation for the Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition in 1905.", "Roses in Portland, Oregon __knowledge__ The Rose City Park neighborhood in northeast Portland was formed in 1907, the same year of the first annual Portland Rose Festival.", "International Rose Test Garden __knowledge__ The International Rose Test Garden is a rose garden in Washington Park in Portland, Oregon, United States.", "International Rose Test Garden __knowledge__ There are over 10,000 rose bushes of approximately 650 varieties.", "International Rose Test Garden __knowledge__ The roses bloom from April through October with the peak coming in June, depending on the weather.", "International Rose Test Garden __knowledge__ New rose cultivars are continually sent to the garden from many parts of the world and are evaluated on several characteristics, including disease resistance, bloom form, color and fragrance.", "International Rose Test Garden __knowledge__ It is the oldest continuously operating public rose test garden in the United States and exemplifies Portland's nickname, \"City of Roses\".", "Roy Hennessey __knowledge__ Roy Hennessey (1897–1968) was a nurseryman specializing in roses.", "Roy Hennessey __knowledge__ He operated a commercial rose nursery in Scappoose, Oregon and published articles and books on rose production and cultivation.", "Roy Hennessey __knowledge__ Hennessey operated a commercial rose nursery from the 1930s to the 1960s.", "Roy Hennessey __knowledge__ He published a column on rose cultivation in the Oregon Journal, starting in July 28, 1940.", "Roy Hennessey __knowledge__ He participated in the American Rose Society's Proof of the Pudding program, in which professional rosarians evaluated new rose cultivars, from 1934 to 1941.", "Roy Hennessey __knowledge__ He self-published \"Hennessey on Roses\" in 1942.", "Roy Hennessey __knowledge__ He presented himself as self-taught in rose cultivation through many years experience growing tens of thousands of roses, for sale, in display gardens, and in test gardens.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ Frank Riethmuller (1884–1965) was an Australian rose breeder.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ The last child of poor German immigrant farmers, Francis Lewis Riethmuller (known as Frank) was born on 10 February 1884 in Glenvale, then a village near (now a suburb of) Toowoomba, Queensland.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ When dealing with Germans, he reverted to writing Riethmüller.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ In Australia, the first syllable is pronounced Reith but never spelt that way.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ Chronically prone to bronchitis and bronchiectasis, Riethmuller had to live mostly outdoors.", "Frank Riethmuller __knowledge__ First educated at Glenvale primary school, he spent two years as a state scholarship pupil at Toowoomba Grammar: every surname in the class was Anglo-Celtic except his.", "Rome Rose Garden __knowledge__ Rome Rose Garden is a public garden in Rome, Italy, located opposite the Circus Maximus on the Aventine Hill .", "Rome Rose Garden __knowledge__ The park was established in 1931.", "Rome Rose Garden __knowledge__ Over 1100 varieties of roses are grown there, many of them gifts from countries around the world.", "Rome Rose Garden __knowledge__ The Rome Rose Garden covers 10,000 m square and each section has rose varieties characteristic of, or grown in, the respective variety.", "Rome Rose Garden __knowledge__ The park also has an experimental section where new varieties of roses are tested for their suitability for public and private gardens in Italy.", "Rome Rose Garden __knowledge__ In this site, near the Roman Ghetto, since 1645 until 1934 was in place the Jewish cemetery in Rome.", "Rosa kordesii __knowledge__ Rosa kordesii, or Rosa\" × \"kordesii is a type of rose that arose naturally from hybridization followed by chromosome doubling.", "Rosa kordesii __knowledge__ A hybrid between \"R. rugosa\" and \"R. wichurana\" was created called \"Rosa\" 'Max Graf', but it was diploid and nearly sterile, producing flowers but no fruit.", "Rosa kordesii __knowledge__ This rose produced a few viable seeds as a result of self-pollination, and the seedlings that resulted were tetraploid instead of diploid, i.e., the chromosomes of both pollen and egg cells had been naturally duplicated.", "Rosa kordesii __knowledge__ The tetraploid seedlings are amphidiploids.", "Rosa kordesii __knowledge__ A selection with double deep pink flowers and repeat bloom, also called 'K01 AgCan' was released by W. Kordes' Söhne in 1951.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ The cottage garden is a distinct style that uses informal design, traditional materials, dense plantings, and a mixture of ornamental and edible plants.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ English in origin, it depends on grace and charm rather than grandeur and formal structure.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ Homely and functional gardens connected to working-class cottages go back centuries, but their stylized reinvention occurred in 1870s England, as a reaction to the more structured, rigorously maintained estate gardens with their formal designs and mass plantings of greenhouse annuals.", "Cottage garden __knowledge__ The earliest cottage gardens were more practical than today's, with emphasis on vegetables and herbs, fruit trees, perhaps a beehive, and even livestock.", "Rose show __knowledge__ A rose show is a horticultural exhibition focusing exclusively on roses.", "Rose show __knowledge__ Initially in the UK roses were exhibited in general flower shows such as those run by the Royal Horticultural Society.", "Rose show __knowledge__ Judges were appointed by whoever sponsored the show, and were not necessarily rosarians themselves.", "Rose show __knowledge__ The first Grand National specialty rose show was held July 1, 1858, in St. James Hall, London.", "Rose show __knowledge__ It was organized by S. Reynolds Hole, Dean of Rochester Cathedral and a prominent rosarian, Thomas Rivers, a nurseryman and publisher of the first catalog of roses (1834) in the UK, Charles Turner, a rosarian, and William Paul, a writer and nurseryman.", "Botanical garden __knowledge__ A botanical garden or botanic garden is a garden dedicated to the collection, cultivation and display of a wide range of plants labelled with their botanical names.", "Botanical garden __knowledge__ It may contain specialist plant collections such as cacti and other succulent plants, herb gardens, plants from particular parts of the world, and so on; there may be greenhouses, shadehouses, again with special collections such as tropical plants, alpine plants, or other exotic plants.", "Botanical garden __knowledge__ Visitor services at a botanical garden might include tours, educational displays, art exhibitions, book rooms, open-air theatrical and musical performances, and other entertainment.", "National Public Gardens Day __knowledge__ National Public Gardens Day, occurring annually on the Friday before Mother's Day, is a day to promote awareness of botanic gardens, arboreta, zoos, historic gardens, or any of North America's public gardens.", "National Public Gardens Day __knowledge__ The day was established by the American Public Gardens Association, a Pennsylvania non-profit organization that supports, resources and promotes public gardens in North America, in partnership with their sponsor, Rain Bird.", "National Public Gardens Day __knowledge__ The national spokesperson for National Public Gardens Day is Paul James, host of HGTV's Gardening By The Yard.", "National Public Gardens Day __knowledge__ Created in 2009, as a way to increase public awareness of the educational resources public gardens provide to local communities, National Public Gardens Day was adopted by the members of the American Public Gardens Association, to highlight programs such as plant conservation, water conservation, the preservation of green spaces, and home gardening.", "New Orleans Botanical Garden __knowledge__ The New Orleans Botanical Garden is a botanical garden located in City Park, New Orleans, Louisiana.", "New Orleans Botanical Garden __knowledge__ The first classical garden in New Orleans, it was funded by the Works Progress Administration.", "New Orleans Botanical Garden __knowledge__ The Botanical Gardens in New Orleans City Park was unveiled in 1936, as a part of the massive restructuring and development project of City Park that took place in the 1930s.", "New Orleans Botanical Garden __knowledge__ Although development plans for the new City Park were originally chosen in 1930, it was not until the mid-1930s that funding came from the Works Progress Administration, which administered the $12 million project that employed nearly 20,000 workers in New Orleans City Park.", "Rose garden __knowledge__ A rose garden or rosarium is a garden or park, often open to the public, used to present and grow various types of garden roses or rose species.", "Rose garden __knowledge__ Designs vary tremendously and roses may be displayed alongside other plants or grouped by individual variety, colour or class in rose beds.", "Rose garden __knowledge__ Although roses have been selected and grown in China for over 1,000 years, the forerunner of the rose garden as we know it today was planted by empress Joséphine de Beauharnais at Malmaison, France in the years between 1799-1814.", "Rose garden __knowledge__ Joséphine imported both leading gardening talent and scores of roses, financing many plant collecting trips." ] ]

[ 6, 4, 12, 7 ]

[ "Yes, I love their beauty and their fragrance.", "I buy many in various sizes, shapes, and colors.", "Mostly just garden roses that are grown in public gardens.", "I agree, roses also hold a lot of significance in my culture." ]

[ "Rose", "Rose", "Rose", "Rose" ]

[ "Book discussion club\nDo you like Haruki Murikami?", "He's an author from Japan. I don;t know of any book clubs about him.", "How so? Like the NYT Bestseller?", "Wow that's cool. You should check out \"The Wind up Bird Chronicles\" by Murikami. It's great." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ A book club is a group of people who meet to discuss a book or books that they have read and express their opinions, likes, dislikes, etc.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ It is more often called simply a book club, a term that is also used to describe a book sales club, which can cause confusion.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Other frequently used terms to describe a book discussion club include reading group, book group, and book discussion group.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Book discussion clubs may meet in private homes, libraries, bookstores, online forums, pubs, and in cafes or restaurants over meals or drinks.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ A practice also associated with book discussion, common reading program or common read, involves institutions encouraging their members to discuss select books in group settings; common reading programs are largely associated with educational institutions encouraging their students to hold book discussion meetings.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ A single-title club is one in which people discuss a particular title that every person in the group has read at the same time, often with each member buying a personal copy.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Clearly, the club must somehow decide ahead of time what that title will be.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Some groups may decide to choose new release titles, whilst others may choose older ones, or a mixture of the two.", "White Album 2 __knowledge__ The gameplay in \"White Album 2\" requires minimal interaction from the player as the player spends the majority of their time on reading the text that is displayed at the bottom of the screen.", "White Album 2 __knowledge__ Unlike other visual novels, there is only one ending in \"Introductory Chapter\" and there are no choices for the player to select.", "White Album 2 __knowledge__ The player's only interaction during the \"introductory chapter\" and \"mini after story\" with the game is to click a button to advance the game by rolling the next line of text onto the screen, while both \"closing chapter\" and \"coda\" requires comprehensive multiple choice questions to handle the trend of the plot development.", "Day of Love __knowledge__ \"Day of Love\" is about Haruki, the main character, who knew about a girl named Maho when he was young but forgot about her when he was older, which had made her angry when she asked him years later when he's in high school.", "Day of Love __knowledge__ So to get back at him for not remembering, she dresses up as a guy and lives in the same dorm as him using the alias Mao.", "Day of Love __knowledge__ Haruki Tojo(東上春樹): The main character and protagonist of the game and the character the player controls.", "Day of Love __knowledge__ Being somewhat insensitive and cold plus having been voted to be his school's 'Chairman of Conduct', Haruki has been mis-nicknamed 'The Devil Chairman' although in truth he's actually kinda thoughtful but lazy.", "Haruki Kadokawa __knowledge__ Haruki's father was Genyoshi Kadokawa, the founder of Japanese publishing house Kadokawa Shoten.", "Haruki Kadokawa __knowledge__ After graduating from high school, Haruki was accepted into the literature department of Waseda University.", "Haruki Kadokawa __knowledge__ However, with his father's influence, he was enrolled in Kokugakuin University instead.", "Haruki Kadokawa __knowledge__ Haruki graduated in 1964 with a degree in literature and joined his father's company the next year.", "Haruki Kadokawa __knowledge__ Upon Genyoshi's death in 1975, Haruki took over as the company's president.", "Haruki Kadokawa __knowledge__ He quickly turned the publisher's direction, changing the company that had previously been known for its serious literary and educational works into creators of popular fiction.", "Shinmai Fukei Kiruko-san __knowledge__ Haruki Anjō is a police officer eagerly anticipating the arrival of his first junior in the rural and uneventful town of where he works.", "Shinmai Fukei Kiruko-san __knowledge__ However, he certainly didn't expect the rookie to be ex-mercenary Kiruko Otonashi, a green-haired young woman without any common sense who has the unfortunate habit of hilariously failing every single task she tries, often causing more harm than good.", "Shinmai Fukei Kiruko-san __knowledge__ And thus, Haruki must take the responsibility of teaching Kiruko the ways on how to be a proper policewoman, while covering up and fixing all the trouble she stirs.", "Shinmai Fukei Kiruko-san __knowledge__ is the main and title character of the manga.", "Shinmai Fukei Kiruko-san __knowledge__ A former mercenary with considerable experience on the battlefield, she later became a policewoman and got assigned to the Nagashima police station (which officers not wanted by other stations are often sent).", "Aoharu x Machinegun __knowledge__ Hotaru is the Student Council President of her highschool and is known for her brute strength, good reflexes, and a strong sense of justice.", "Aoharu x Machinegun __knowledge__ She claims to not let \"evil doers\" get away with their evil deeds, and is often noted to enjoy picking fights for the sake of what's right.", "Aoharu x Machinegun __knowledge__ Early examples include her beating up a student who was extorting money from a helpless classmate, and desiring revenge after learning that her best friend, Kanae, was conned by a Host (later going after said host on her quest for justice).", "Aoharu x Machinegun __knowledge__ She is often mistaken as male due to her appearance.", "Aoharu x Machinegun __knowledge__ She is next door neighbors with Masamune.", "List of GetBackers characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters featured in the manga and anime series \"GetBackers\".", "List of GetBackers characters __knowledge__ is one of the main protagonists in \"GetBackers\".", "List of GetBackers characters __knowledge__ His name comes from his mother's surname \"Midou\" and the \"Ban\" from Japanese word for .", "List of GetBackers characters __knowledge__ The \"ban\" can mean \"barbarian\" or \"uncouth/vulgar\".", "List of GetBackers characters __knowledge__ This is the result of the first meeting between Paul and Ban.", "List of GetBackers characters __knowledge__ When der Kaiser first introduced the infant Ban to Paul, Ban kicked Paul in the face while being held by him, causing Paul to insist that the Ban of Yaban suited the child perfectly.", "List of GetBackers characters __knowledge__ der Kaiser agreed.", "List of GetBackers characters __knowledge__ Known variously as and \"The Genius of Battles\", he is the \"B\" in the GetBackers.", "Tenshin Ranman: Lucky or Unlucky!? __knowledge__ Before the game's release, a \"Tenshin Ranman\" web radio program was broadcast in Japan on radio station Onsen.", "Tenshin Ranman: Lucky or Unlucky!? __knowledge__ Five character image songs, one for each heroine, were produced by Yuzusoft from February 6, 2009, to March 19, 2009.", "Tenshin Ranman: Lucky or Unlucky!? __knowledge__ Each character CD came with a different mini drama.", "Tenshin Ranman: Lucky or Unlucky!? __knowledge__ A manga was serialized in ASCII Media Works' \"Dengeki G's Festival!", "Tenshin Ranman: Lucky or Unlucky!? __knowledge__ Comic\", and later released in two \"tankōbon\" volumes.", "Tenshin Ranman: Lucky or Unlucky!? __knowledge__ There has also been a light novel adaptation published by Harvest.", "Tenshin Ranman: Lucky or Unlucky!? __knowledge__ In 2015, Sekai Project announced an official English localization of \"Tenshin Ranman\".", "Tenshin Ranman: Lucky or Unlucky!? __knowledge__ \"Tenshin Ranman\" is a romance visual novel in which the player assumes the role of Haruki Chitose." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ A book club is a group of people who meet to discuss a book or books that they have read and express their opinions, likes, dislikes, etc.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ It is more often called simply a book club, a term that is also used to describe a book sales club, which can cause confusion.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Other frequently used terms to describe a book discussion club include reading group, book group, and book discussion group.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Book discussion clubs may meet in private homes, libraries, bookstores, online forums, pubs, and in cafes or restaurants over meals or drinks.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ A practice also associated with book discussion, common reading program or common read, involves institutions encouraging their members to discuss select books in group settings; common reading programs are largely associated with educational institutions encouraging their students to hold book discussion meetings.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ A single-title club is one in which people discuss a particular title that every person in the group has read at the same time, often with each member buying a personal copy.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Clearly, the club must somehow decide ahead of time what that title will be.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Some groups may decide to choose new release titles, whilst others may choose older ones, or a mixture of the two.", "Popular culture studies __knowledge__ Popular culture studies is the academic discipline studying popular culture from a critical theory perspective.", "Popular culture studies __knowledge__ It is generally considered as a combination of communication studies and cultural studies.", "Popular culture studies __knowledge__ The first department to offer Popular Culture bachelor's and master's degrees is the Bowling Green State University Department of Popular Culture which was founded by Ray B. Browne.", "Popular culture studies __knowledge__ Following the work of the Frankfurt School, popular culture has come to be taken more seriously as a terrain of academic inquiry and has also helped to change the outlooks of more established disciplines.", "Popular culture studies __knowledge__ Conceptual barriers between so-called high and low culture have broken down, accompanying an explosion in scholarly interest in popular culture, which encompasses such diverse media as comic books, television, and the Internet.", "Public library __knowledge__ A public library is a library that is accessible by the general public and is generally funded from public sources, such as taxes.", "Public library __knowledge__ It is operated by librarians and library paraprofessionals, who are also civil servants.", "Public library __knowledge__ There are five fundamental characteristics shared by public libraries.", "Public library __knowledge__ The first is that they are generally supported by taxes (usually local, though any level of government can and may contribute); they are governed by a board to serve the public interest; they are open to all, and every community member can access the collection; they are entirely voluntary in that no one is ever forced to use the services provided; and they provide basic services without charge.", "Scholastic Corporation __knowledge__ Scholastic Corporation is an American multinational publishing, education and media company known for publishing, selling, and distributing books and educational materials for schools, teachers, parents, and children.", "Scholastic Corporation __knowledge__ Products are distributed to schools and districts, to consumers through the schools via reading clubs and fairs, and through retail stores and online sales.", "Scholastic Corporation __knowledge__ The business has three segments: Children Book Publishing & Distribution (Trade, Book Clubs and Book Fairs), Education, and International.", "Scholastic Corporation __knowledge__ Scholastic holds the perpetual U.S. publishing rights to \"Harry Potter\" and \"The Hunger Games\" book series.", "The Kite Runner __knowledge__ The Kite Runner is the first novel by Afghan-American author Khaled Hosseini.", "The Kite Runner __knowledge__ Published in 2003 by Riverhead Books, it tells the story of Amir, a young boy from the Wazir Akbar Khan district of Kabul, whose closest friend is Hassan.", "The Kite Runner __knowledge__ The story is set against a backdrop of tumultuous events, from the fall of Afghanistan's monarchy through the Soviet military intervention, the exodus of refugees to Pakistan and the United States, and the rise of the Taliban regime.", "The Kite Runner __knowledge__ Hosseini has commented that he considers \"The Kite Runner\" to be a father–son story, emphasizing the familial aspects of the narrative, an element that he continued to use in his later works.", "Crowell-Collier Publishing Company __knowledge__ Crowell-Collier Publishing Company is a defunct American publisher that owned the popular magazines \"Collier's\", \"Woman's Home Companion\" and \"The American Magazine\" as well as general interest books and references such as \"Collier's Encyclopedia\" and the Harvard Classics series of books.", "Crowell-Collier Publishing Company __knowledge__ After shuttering the magazine operations in the 1950s, Crowell-Collier merged with the American Macmillan Company in 1960 and became a large educational company with subsidiaries for books, textbooks, correspondence schools and other educational tools and materials.", "Crowell-Collier Publishing Company __knowledge__ The company officially changed its name to Macmillan, Inc. in 1973.", "Jewish Book Council __knowledge__ The Jewish Book Council (Hebrew: ) founded in 1944, is an organization encouraging and contributing to Jewish literature.", "Jewish Book Council __knowledge__ The goal of the council, as stated on its website, is \"\"to promote the reading, writing and publishing of quality English language books of Jewish content in North America\"\".", "Jewish Book Council __knowledge__ The council sponsors the National Jewish Book Awards, the Sami Rohr Prize for Jewish Literature, the JBC Network, JBC Book Clubs, the Visiting Scribe series, and Jewish Book Month.", "Jewish Book Council __knowledge__ It publishes an annual literary journal called \"Paper Brigade\".", "Jewish Book Council __knowledge__ As of January 1, 1994 the Jewish Book Council broke off from the JCC Association and became an independent not-for-profit 501(c)(3) corporation chartered in the State of New York.", "The Mother-Daughter Book Club __knowledge__ The Mother-Daughter Book Club is a children's novel written by Heather Vogel Frederick.", "The Mother-Daughter Book Club __knowledge__ It was published in 2007 by Simon & Schuster.", "The Mother-Daughter Book Club __knowledge__ The book centers around the life of four very different preteen girls who become best friends because their mothers decided to start a book club.", "The Mother-Daughter Book Club __knowledge__ The first book they read together is \"Little Women\".", "The Mother-Daughter Book Club __knowledge__ The series continues with six other novels: \"Much Ado About Anne\", \"Dear Pen Pal\", \"Pies and Prejudice\", \"Home for the Holidays\", \"Wish You Were Eyre\", and \"Mother Daughter Book Camp\".", "The Mother-Daughter Book Club __knowledge__ The book is divided between seasons, and the point of view from each girl.", "The Mother-Daughter Book Club __knowledge__ Emma starts it off with her point of view.", "Oprah's Book Club __knowledge__ Oprah's Book Club was a book discussion club segment of the American talk show \"The Oprah Winfrey Show\", highlighting books chosen by host Oprah Winfrey.", "Oprah's Book Club __knowledge__ Winfrey started the book club in 1996, selecting a new book, usually a novel, for viewers to read and discuss each month.", "Oprah's Book Club __knowledge__ The club ended its 15-year run, along with the \"Oprah Winfrey Show\", on May 25, 2011.", "Oprah's Book Club __knowledge__ In total the club recommended 70 books during its 15 years.", "Oprah's Book Club __knowledge__ Due to the book club's widespread popularity, many obscure titles have become very popular bestsellers, increasing sales in some cases by as many as several million copies.", "Oprah's Book Club __knowledge__ Al Greco, a Fordham University marketing professor, estimated the total sales of the 69 \"Oprah editions\" at over 55 million copies.", "Oprah Winfrey __knowledge__ Oprah Winfrey (born Orpah Gail Winfrey; January 29, 1954) is an American media proprietor, talk show host, actress, producer, and philanthropist.", "Oprah Winfrey __knowledge__ She is best known for her talk show \"The Oprah Winfrey Show\", which was the highest-rated television program of its kind in history and was nationally syndicated from 1986 to 2011 in Chicago, Illinois.", "Oprah Winfrey __knowledge__ Dubbed the \"Queen of All Media\", she is the richest African-American and North America's first multi-billionaire black person and has been ranked the greatest black philanthropist in American history.", "Oprah Winfrey __knowledge__ Several assessments rank her as the most influential woman in the world.", "Left Book Club __knowledge__ The Left Book Club was a publishing group that exerted a strong left-wing influence in Great Britain from 1936 to 1948.", "Left Book Club __knowledge__ Pioneered by Victor Gollancz, it offered a monthly book choice, for sale to members only, as well as a newsletter that acquired the status of a major political magazine.", "Left Book Club __knowledge__ It also held an annual rally.", "Left Book Club __knowledge__ Membership peaked at 57,000, but after the Soviet-Nazi non-aggression pact of 1939, it disowned its large Communist element, and subsequent years of paper-rationing, during and after the war, led to further decline.", "Left Book Club __knowledge__ It ceased publishing in 1948.", "Left Book Club __knowledge__ An attempt to relaunch the group in the early 2000s stalled, but after some delays, in 2015 the first publications under the new Left Book Club name appeared.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the webcomic \"The Order of the Stick\" (OOTS).", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Celebrating and satirizing tabletop role-playing games and medieval fantasy, this tale of the eponymous fellowship of adventuring heroes is written and illustrated by Rich Burlew in a stick-figure style.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Taking place in a magical world that loosely operates by the rules of the 3.5 edition \"Dungeons & Dragons\" (D&D), the comic follows the sometimes-farcical exploits of six adventurers as they strive to save the world from an evil lich.", "Characters of The Order of the Stick __knowledge__ Much of the comic's humor stems from these characters either being aware of the game rules that affect their lives or having anachronistic knowledge of modern culture, which in turn is often used by the author to parody various aspects of role-playing games and fantasy fiction.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ A book club is a group of people who meet to discuss a book or books that they have read and express their opinions, likes, dislikes, etc.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ It is more often called simply a book club, a term that is also used to describe a book sales club, which can cause confusion.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Other frequently used terms to describe a book discussion club include reading group, book group, and book discussion group.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Book discussion clubs may meet in private homes, libraries, bookstores, online forums, pubs, and in cafes or restaurants over meals or drinks.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ A practice also associated with book discussion, common reading program or common read, involves institutions encouraging their members to discuss select books in group settings; common reading programs are largely associated with educational institutions encouraging their students to hold book discussion meetings.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ A single-title club is one in which people discuss a particular title that every person in the group has read at the same time, often with each member buying a personal copy.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Clearly, the club must somehow decide ahead of time what that title will be.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Some groups may decide to choose new release titles, whilst others may choose older ones, or a mixture of the two.", "Karen White __knowledge__ Karen White is an American author of more than twenty four novels.", "Karen White __knowledge__ White was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and during her childhood lived in numerous states and also in Venezuela and London, England, where she graduated from The American School in London.", "Karen White __knowledge__ She attended college at Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, where she obtained a Bachelor of Science in Management.", "Karen White __knowledge__ Her first book, \"In the Shadow of the Moon\" was a double finalist for the Romance Writers of America RITA Award.", "Karen White __knowledge__ \"The Girl on Legare Street\" hit \"The New York Times\" Best Seller list in November 2009, and \"On Folly Beach\" in May 2010, which was also a NYT bestseller.", "Steven Kotler __knowledge__ Steven Kotler is an American author, journalist, and entrepreneur.", "Steven Kotler __knowledge__ His articles have appeared in over 70 publications, including \"The New York Times Magazine\", \"LA Times\", \"Wired\", Time Magazine, \"GQ\", \"Discover\", \"Popular Science\", \"Outside\", \"Men’s Journal\", \"Details\" and \"National Geographic Adventure\".", "Steven Kotler __knowledge__ He is best known for his non-fiction books, including the \"New York Times\" bestseller \"\", \"A Small Furry Prayer\", \"West of Jesus\", \", The Rise of Superman and Stealing Fire\".", "Steven Kotler __knowledge__ Kotler is well regarded as one of the world's leading experts on Ultimate Human Performance.", "Steven Kotler __knowledge__ While, best known for his work on Flow, Kotler also writes about the use of other non-ordinary states of consciousness in optimizing performance.", "2001 world oil market chronology __knowledge__ \"Sources include: Dow Jones (DJ), New York Times (NYT), Wall Street Journal (WSJ), and the Washington Post (WP).\"", "2001 world oil market chronology __knowledge__ January 10 The White House announces that President Clinton will not designate the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) as a national monument prior to his departure from office.", "2001 world oil market chronology __knowledge__ Environmentalist groups had been pressing for national monument status for the ANWR to prevent oil drilling.", "2001 world oil market chronology __knowledge__ (DJ) January 17 OPEC agrees at a meeting of ministers in Vienna, to reduce members' production quotas by per day.", "2001 world oil market chronology __knowledge__ The move comes in response to OPEC members' concerns about declining prices.", "2001 world oil market chronology __knowledge__ Analysts expect the actual production cuts to total somewhat less than per day, as some OPEC members had quotas above their actual production capacity.", "The Right Fight __knowledge__ The Right Fight is a 2010 book about business leadership.", "The Right Fight __knowledge__ The authors argue that leader's time is not always best spent trying to help people in teams work in peaceable alignment.", "The Right Fight __knowledge__ In contrast, Joni and Beyer show that leaders who foster productive dissent—what the authors call \"right fights\"—help their companies reach peak efficiency.", "The Right Fight __knowledge__ The book ranked #6 on 800CEOread.com’s Books to Watch List in March 2010 and ranked #21 on its Bestseller list in October 2010.", "The Right Fight __knowledge__ Leaders must introduce and manage right fights to create breakthrough performance, meaningful innovation, and lasting value This book shows how leaders can foster healthy dissent in order to achieve high performance, foster innovation and groom the next generation of leaders.", "Abundance: The Future Is Better Than You Think __knowledge__ Abundance: The Future Is Better Than You Think is a book by Peter H. Diamandis and Steven Kotler that was published in 2012.", "Abundance: The Future Is Better Than You Think __knowledge__ The writers refer to the book's title as being a future where nine billion people have access to clean water, food, energy, health care, education, and everything else that is necessary for a first world standard of living, thanks to technological innovation.", "Abundance: The Future Is Better Than You Think __knowledge__ The book was a commercial success.", "Abundance: The Future Is Better Than You Think __knowledge__ It debuted at #1 on both Amazon.com and Barnes & Noble's bestseller lists.", "Abundance: The Future Is Better Than You Think __knowledge__ Praise appeared in various publications such as \"Time\" and \"The Washington Post\".", "Abundance: The Future Is Better Than You Think __knowledge__ The book's four main points are: The book is divided into six parts: Perspective, Exponential Technologies, Building the Base of the Pyramid, The Forces of Abundance, Peak of the Pyramid, and Steering Faster.", "Performance paradox __knowledge__ The performance paradox is a theory set forth by Marshall W. Meyer and Vipin Gupta in 1994, which posits that organizations are able to maintain control by not knowing what exactly performance is.", "Performance paradox __knowledge__ This theory is based on several facts of performance, namely that the number and type of performance measurements that exist are increasing at a rapid rate and that these new metrics tend to be weakly correlated with old ones.", "Performance paradox __knowledge__ In order to understand the performance paradox, it is helpful to first have a basic understanding of performance appraisals.", "Performance paradox __knowledge__ Performance appraisals, also known as performance evaluations, are assessments that many organizations use to measure individuals' productivity, ability and talent in their respective job positions.", "Judith McNaught __knowledge__ Judith McNaught (born May 10, 1944) is a bestselling author of over a dozen historical and contemporary romance novels, with 30 million copies of her works in print.", "Judith McNaught __knowledge__ She was also the first female executive producer at a CBS radio station.", "Judith McNaught __knowledge__ Born on May 10, 1944 in San Luis Obispo, she majored in Business at Northwestern University.", "Judith McNaught __knowledge__ She married a St. Louis dentist and had two children, a daughter, Whitney, and a son, Clayton, before her divorce.", "Judith McNaught __knowledge__ Before gaining success as a writer, McNaught had previously worked as an assistant director for a film crew, an assistant controller of a major trucking company, president of a temporary employment agency, and president of an executive search firm.", "Woman's club movement __knowledge__ The woman's club movement was a social movement that took place throughout the United States.", "Woman's club movement __knowledge__ While women's organizations had always been a part of United States history, it wasn't until the Progressive era that it came to be considered a \"movement.\"", "Woman's club movement __knowledge__ The first wave of the club movement during the Progressive era was started by white, middle-class women and a second phase by African-American women.", "Woman's club movement __knowledge__ These clubs, most of which had started out as social and literary gatherings, eventually became a source of reform for various issues in the U.S.", "Woman's club movement __knowledge__ Both African-American and white women's clubs were involved with issues surrounding education, child labor, juvenile justice, legal reform, environmental protection, library creation and more.", "Strip club __knowledge__ Strip clubs are venues where strippers provide adult entertainment, predominantly in the form of striptease or other erotic or exotic dances.", "Strip club __knowledge__ Strip clubs typically adopt a nightclub or bar style, and can also adopt a theatre or cabaret-style.", "Strip club __knowledge__ American-style strip clubs began to appear outside North America after World War II, arriving in Asia in the late 1940s and Europe in the 1950s, where they competed against the local English and French styles of striptease and erotic performances.", "Strip club __knowledge__ As of 2005, the size of the global strip club industry was estimated to be US$75 billion.", "Strip club __knowledge__ In 2002, the size of the U.S. strip club industry was estimated to be US$3.1 billion, generating 19% of the total gross revenue in legal adult entertainment.", "Public library __knowledge__ A public library is a library that is accessible by the general public and is generally funded from public sources, such as taxes.", "Public library __knowledge__ It is operated by librarians and library paraprofessionals, who are also civil servants.", "Public library __knowledge__ There are five fundamental characteristics shared by public libraries.", "Public library __knowledge__ The first is that they are generally supported by taxes (usually local, though any level of government can and may contribute); they are governed by a board to serve the public interest; they are open to all, and every community member can access the collection; they are entirely voluntary in that no one is ever forced to use the services provided; and they provide basic services without charge.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations (FFP) were established to prevent professional football clubs spending more than they earn in the pursuit of success and in doing so getting into financial problems which might threaten their long-term survival.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ They were agreed to in principle in September 2009 by the Financial Control Panel of football’s governing body in Europe (Union of European Football Associations – UEFA).", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ The regulations provide for sanctions to be taken against clubs who exceed spending, over several seasons, within a set budgetary framework.", "UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations __knowledge__ Implementation of the regulations took place at the outset of the 2011–12 football season.", "Scholastic Corporation __knowledge__ Scholastic Corporation is an American multinational publishing, education and media company known for publishing, selling, and distributing books and educational materials for schools, teachers, parents, and children.", "Scholastic Corporation __knowledge__ Products are distributed to schools and districts, to consumers through the schools via reading clubs and fairs, and through retail stores and online sales.", "Scholastic Corporation __knowledge__ The business has three segments: Children Book Publishing & Distribution (Trade, Book Clubs and Book Fairs), Education, and International.", "Scholastic Corporation __knowledge__ Scholastic holds the perpetual U.S. publishing rights to \"Harry Potter\" and \"The Hunger Games\" book series.", "Jaws (novel) __knowledge__ Jaws is a 1974 novel by American writer Peter Benchley.", "Jaws (novel) __knowledge__ It tells the story of a great white shark that preys upon a small resort town and the voyage of three men trying to kill it.", "Jaws (novel) __knowledge__ The novel grows out of Benchley's interest in shark attacks after he learned about the exploits of shark fisherman Frank Mundus in 1964.", "Jaws (novel) __knowledge__ Doubleday commissioned him to write the novel in 1971, a period when Benchley struggled as a freelance journalist.", "Jaws (novel) __knowledge__ Through a marketing campaign orchestrated by Doubleday and paperback publisher Bantam, \"Jaws\" was incorporated into many book sales clubs catalogues and attracted media interest." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ A book club is a group of people who meet to discuss a book or books that they have read and express their opinions, likes, dislikes, etc.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ It is more often called simply a book club, a term that is also used to describe a book sales club, which can cause confusion.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Other frequently used terms to describe a book discussion club include reading group, book group, and book discussion group.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Book discussion clubs may meet in private homes, libraries, bookstores, online forums, pubs, and in cafes or restaurants over meals or drinks.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ A practice also associated with book discussion, common reading program or common read, involves institutions encouraging their members to discuss select books in group settings; common reading programs are largely associated with educational institutions encouraging their students to hold book discussion meetings.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ A single-title club is one in which people discuss a particular title that every person in the group has read at the same time, often with each member buying a personal copy.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Clearly, the club must somehow decide ahead of time what that title will be.", "Book discussion club __knowledge__ Some groups may decide to choose new release titles, whilst others may choose older ones, or a mixture of the two.", "The Edge Chronicles __knowledge__ The Edge Chronicles is a children's fantasy novel series by Paul Stewart and Chris Riddell.", "The Edge Chronicles __knowledge__ It consists of four trilogies, plus four additional books, and other books related to the universe (The Edge).", "The Edge Chronicles __knowledge__ Originally published in the United Kingdom, this series has since been published in the United States, Canada and Australia.", "The Edge Chronicles __knowledge__ To date, more than three million copies of the novels have been sold.", "The Edge Chronicles __knowledge__ The stories of \"The Edge Chronicles\" take place in the fictional world of The Edge, a vast cliff with no apparent bottom.", "The Edge Chronicles __knowledge__ The majority of books are grouped into trilogies, with each trilogy focusing on one character.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Burmese chronicles __knowledge__ The royal chronicles of Myanmar ( ; also known as Burmese chronicles) are detailed and continuous chronicles of the monarchy of Myanmar (Burma).", "Burmese chronicles __knowledge__ The chronicles were written on different media such as parabaik paper, palm leaf, and stone; they were composed in different literary styles such as prose, verse, and chronograms.", "Burmese chronicles __knowledge__ Palm-leaf manuscripts written in prose are those that are commonly referred to as the chronicles.", "Burmese chronicles __knowledge__ Other royal records include administrative treatises and precedents, legal treatises and precedents, and censuses.", "Burmese chronicles __knowledge__ The chronicle tradition was maintained in the country's four historical polities: Upper Burma, Lower Burma, Arakan and the Shan states.", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ \"Let's Get Down\" is a song by American rapper Bow Wow, released on June 24, 2003 as the first single off his third album \"Unleashed\" (2003).", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Shad Moss, Phalon Alexander, Rahman Griffin and a then-unknown T.I..", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ It was produced by Jazze Pha and features rapper Birdman under his former alias \"Baby\".", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ It's the first song to be released by Bow Wow without the \"Lil'\" moniker in his name after making his film debut in 2002's \"Like Mike\" and releasing his cover of \"Basketball\" for the film's soundtrack.", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ Bow Wow said that following the name change, he wanted to do the same with his music by contributing more into the songwriting process of the album and release a single that matched his new image.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "Literature Circles in EFL __knowledge__ Literature Circles in EFL are teacher accompanied classroom discussion groups among English as a foreign language learners, who regularly get together in class to speak about and share their ideas, and comment on others' interpretations about the previously determined section of a graded reader in English, using their ‘role-sheets’ and ‘student journals’ in collaboration with each other.", "Literature Circles in EFL __knowledge__ Most English language learners often say that reading, which is a vital element of language learning, is boring and difficult.", "Literature Circles in EFL __knowledge__ This problematic situation might be the result of not practicing EFL reading in the right way.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ In the Gregorian calendar, New Year's Eve (also known as Old Year's Day or Saint Sylvester's Day in many countries), the last day of the year, is on 31 December which is the seventh day of Christmastide.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ In many countries, New Year's Eve is celebrated at evening social gatherings, where many people dance, eat, drink alcoholic beverages, and watch or light fireworks to mark the new year.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ Some Christians attend a watchnight service.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ The celebrations generally go on past midnight into New Year's Day, 1 January.", "New Year's Eve __knowledge__ Samoa, Tonga and Kiritimati (Christmas Island), part of Kiribati, are the first places to welcome the New Year while American Samoa and Baker Island in the United States of America are among the last.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\"." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 1, 0 ]

[ "I am not familiar with them. Are they an author ? Do you know if he may be a part of a 'Book Club\" interest to discuss their likes and dislikes ?", "Many book clubs also disuss the sales of a book in addition to the story itself.", "Yes, that could be one. Mainly a group of people gather to discuss their likes, dislikes or opinions about a particilar book or books they have read", "Indeed ! Perhaps there may be a book discussion club bout him nearby ? I'll have to check local cafes or online forums or libraries for this !" ]

[ "Book discussion club", "Book discussion club", "Book discussion club", "Book discussion club" ]

[ "Gardening", "Hi! I don't garden much but I have friends that do. What do you garden?", "Nice, that is a good garden. Not really I keep it simple with just bushes I have to hedge. I can see how it's relaxing and the other good thing is you can eat your products too. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is considered by many people to be a relaxing activity.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation plantings, to plants in large or small containers grown inside or outside.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening may be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a large number of different plants in mixed plantings.", "Gardening __knowledge__ It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a forest-based food production system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved while undesirable species were eliminated." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is considered by many people to be a relaxing activity.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation plantings, to plants in large or small containers grown inside or outside.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening may be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a large number of different plants in mixed plantings.", "Gardening __knowledge__ It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a forest-based food production system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved while undesirable species were eliminated.", "Dark Enlightenment __knowledge__ The Dark Enlightenment, or the neoreactionary movement—also known simply as neoreaction and abbreviated NRx by its proponents—is an anti-democratic and reactionary movement.", "Dark Enlightenment __knowledge__ It broadly rejects egalitarianism and the view that history shows inevitable progression towards greater liberty and enlightenment (thus, it is in part a reaction against \"Whig historiography\").", "Dark Enlightenment __knowledge__ The movement favors a return to older societal constructs and forms of government, including support for monarchism or other forms of strong, centralised leadership such as a \"neocameralist CEO\" of a joint-stock republic, coupled with a right-libertarian or otherwise conservative approach to economics.", "Reactionary __knowledge__ A reactionary is a person who holds political views that favor a return to the \"status quo ante\", the previous political state of society, which they believe possessed characteristics (discipline, respect for authority, etc.)", "Reactionary __knowledge__ that are negatively absent from the contemporary \"status quo\" of a society.", "Reactionary __knowledge__ As an adjective, the word \"reactionary\" describes points of view and policies meant to restore the \"status quo ante\".", "Reactionary __knowledge__ Political reactionaries are largely found on the right-wing of a political spectrum, though left-wing reactionaries can also exist.", "Reactionary __knowledge__ Reactionary ideologies can also be radical, in the sense of political extremism, in service to re-establishing the \"status quo ante\".", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "Chinese garden __knowledge__ The Chinese garden is a landscape garden style which has evolved over three thousand years.", "Chinese garden __knowledge__ It includes both the vast gardens of the Chinese emperors and members of the imperial family, built for pleasure and to impress, and the more intimate gardens created by scholars, poets, former government officials, soldiers and merchants, made for reflection and escape from the outside world.", "Chinese garden __knowledge__ They create an idealized miniature landscape, which is meant to express the harmony that should exist between man and nature.", "Chinese garden __knowledge__ A typical Chinese garden is enclosed by walls and includes one or more ponds, rock works, trees and flowers, and an assortment of halls and pavilions within the garden, connected by winding paths and zig-zag galleries.", "Walter Legge __knowledge__ Harry Walter Legge (1 June 1906 – 22 March 1979) was an influential English classical record producer, most notably for EMI.", "Walter Legge __knowledge__ His recordings include many sets later regarded as classics and reissued by EMI as \"Great Recordings of the Century\".", "Walter Legge __knowledge__ He worked in the recording industry from 1927, combining this with the post of junior music critic of \"The Manchester Guardian\".", "Walter Legge __knowledge__ He was assistant to Sir Thomas Beecham at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, and in World War II played a role in bringing music to the armed forces and civilians.", "Walter Legge __knowledge__ After the war, Legge founded the Philharmonia Orchestra and worked for EMI as a recording producer.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Slayton Arboretum __knowledge__ Slayton Arboretum, 14 acres (5.7 hectares), is an arboretum located adjacent to the campus of Hillsdale College in Hillsdale, Michigan.", "Slayton Arboretum __knowledge__ It is privately owned but open to the public.", "Slayton Arboretum __knowledge__ Although the site's use by the College students dates back to at least the 1860s, the Arboretum began in 1922 when Mr. and Mrs. George A. Slayton donated 14 acres (5.7 hectares) to Hillsdale College.", "Slayton Arboretum __knowledge__ By 1924, the first donated plantings were in place, led by Professor Bertram A. Barber.", "Slayton Arboretum __knowledge__ A pond was excavated in 1928, and a field station, a hillside rock garden, waterfall, and pump house were added in 1929.", "Slayton Arboretum __knowledge__ In the early 1930s two bridges were added, and an amphitheater built in the late 1930s on the site of a former gravel pit.", "Gardening in restricted spaces __knowledge__ There are many ways to garden in restricted spaces.", "Gardening in restricted spaces __knowledge__ Often a small or limited space is an issue in growing and cultivating plants.", "Gardening in restricted spaces __knowledge__ Restricted space gardens can be located on small lawns, balconies, patios, porches, rooftops, inside the home, or in any other available place.", "Gardening in restricted spaces __knowledge__ Gardening in small places can be applied to edible or floral plants.", "Gardening in restricted spaces __knowledge__ Growing your own food has many benefits including saving money; healthier, fresher, and better tasting food; knowledge of pesticide and fertilizer exposure.", "Gardening in restricted spaces __knowledge__ Gardening is a good form of exercise and has been proven to be therapeutic.", "Gardening in restricted spaces __knowledge__ \"Square Foot Gardening\" was made popular by Mel Bartholomew in the early 1980s.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism.", "History of gardening __knowledge__ The history of ornamental gardening may be considered as aesthetic expressions of beauty through art and nature, a display of taste or style in civilized life, an expression of an individual's or culture's philosophy, and sometimes as a display of private status or national pride—in private and public landscapes.", "History of gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a plant-based food pro-system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "History of gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "History of gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected, and improved while undesirable species were eliminated.", "Climate-friendly gardening __knowledge__ Climate-friendly gardening is gardening in ways which reduce emissions of greenhouse gases from gardens and encourage the absorption of carbon dioxide by soils and plants in order to aid the reduction of global warming.", "Climate-friendly gardening __knowledge__ To be a climate-friendly gardener means considering both what happens in a garden and the materials brought into it and the impact they have on land use and climate.", "Climate-friendly gardening __knowledge__ It can also include garden features or activities in the garden that help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions elsewhere.", "Climate-friendly gardening __knowledge__ Most of the excess greenhouse gases causing climate change have come from burning fossil fuel.", "Climate-friendly gardening __knowledge__ But a special report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimated that in the last 150 years fossil fuels and cement production were responsible for only about two-thirds of climate change: the other third has been caused by human land use.", "Shirley Hibberd __knowledge__ James Shirley Hibberd (1825 – 16 November 1890) was one of the most popular and successful gardening writers of the Victorian era.", "Shirley Hibberd __knowledge__ He was a best-selling editor of three gardening magazines, including \"Amateur Gardening\", the only nineteenth century gardening magazine still being published today.", "Shirley Hibberd __knowledge__ He wrote over a dozen books on gardening and several more on natural history and related subjects.", "Shirley Hibberd __knowledge__ He promoted town gardening, aquariums, bee-keeping, vegetarianism, water recycling, environmental conservation and the prevention of cruelty to animals and birds, all before they were taken up as 'causes' in the twentieth century.", "Alpine Garden Society __knowledge__ The Alpine Garden Society is a society based in the United Kingdom, with its headquarters at Pershore, Worcestershire.", "Alpine Garden Society __knowledge__ It describes itself as an \"International Society for the cultivation, conservation and exploration of alpine and rock garden plants, small hardy herbaceous plants, hardy and half-hardy bulbs, hardy ferns and small shrubs\".", "Alpine Garden Society __knowledge__ It publishes a quarterly journal, now titled \"The Alpine Gardener : Journal of the Alpine Garden Society\".", "Alpine Garden Society __knowledge__ Many alpine plants are easy to grow.", "Alpine Garden Society __knowledge__ This makes \"alpine gardening\" a good introduction to plants for those who are short of the space and/or time to devote to gardening on a larger scale." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or for medicinal or cosmetic use.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening is considered by many people to be a relaxing activity.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation plantings, to plants in large or small containers grown inside or outside.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Gardening may be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a large number of different plants in mixed plantings.", "Gardening __knowledge__ It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a forest-based food production system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "Gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "Gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved while undesirable species were eliminated.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Chokoloskee, Florida __knowledge__ Chokoloskee is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Collier County, Florida, United States.", "Chokoloskee, Florida __knowledge__ The population was 359 at the 2010 census.", "Chokoloskee, Florida __knowledge__ It is part of the Naples–Marco Island Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "Chokoloskee, Florida __knowledge__ According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.", "Chokoloskee, Florida __knowledge__ Chokoloskee is located on Chokoloskee Island, which is opposite the mouth of the Turner River near the southeastern end of Chokoloskee Bay.", "Chokoloskee, Florida __knowledge__ The bay is about long and wide, and runs southeast to northwest along the mainland of Collier County.", "Chokoloskee, Florida __knowledge__ It is separated from the Gulf of Mexico by the northern end of the Ten Thousand Islands.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Hedge fund __knowledge__ A hedge fund is an investment fund that pools capital from accredited individuals or institutional investors and invests in a variety of assets, often with complex portfolio-construction and risk-management techniques.", "Hedge fund __knowledge__ It is administered by a professional investment management firm, and often structured as a limited partnership, limited liability company, or similar vehicle.", "Hedge fund __knowledge__ Hedge funds are generally distinct from mutual funds, as their use of leverage is not capped by regulators, and distinct from private equity funds, as the majority of hedge funds invest in relatively liquid assets.", "Hedge fund __knowledge__ The term \"hedge fund\" originated from the paired long and short positions that the first of these funds used to hedge market risk.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Hedge __knowledge__ A hedge or hedgerow is a line of closely spaced shrubs and/or tree species, planted and trained to form a barrier or to mark the boundary of an area, such as between neighbouring properties.", "Hedge __knowledge__ Hedges used to separate a road from adjoining fields or one field from another, and of sufficient age to incorporate larger trees, are known as hedgerows.", "Hedge __knowledge__ Often they serve as windbreaks to improve conditions for the adjacent crops, as in bocage country.", "Hedge __knowledge__ When clipped and maintained, hedges are also a simple form of topiary.", "Hedge __knowledge__ The development of hedges over the centuries is preserved in their structure.", "Hedge __knowledge__ The first hedges enclosed land for cereal crops during the Neolithic Age (4000–6000 years ago).", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism.", "Gardens of Monticello __knowledge__ The Gardens of Monticello were gardens first designed by Thomas Jefferson for his plantation Monticello near Charlottesville, Virginia.", "Gardens of Monticello __knowledge__ Jefferson’s detailed historical accounts of his 5,000 acres provide much information about the ever-changing contents of the gardens.", "Gardens of Monticello __knowledge__ The areas included a flower garden, a fruit orchard, and a vegetable garden.", "Gardens of Monticello __knowledge__ Jefferson, a connoisseur of trees, flowers, and gardening techniques, was highly interested in experimental planting and directed the design of the gardens, which contained many exotic seeds and plants from his travels abroad.", "Gardens of Monticello __knowledge__ The gardens declined after Jefferson’s death in 1826, when his estate was encumbered with debt.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The tomato (see pronunciation) is the edible, often red, fruit of the plant \"Solanum lycopersicum\", commonly known as a tomato plant.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The plant belongs to the nightshade family, \"Solanaceae\".", "Tomato __knowledge__ The species originated in western South America.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Nahuatl (Aztec language) word \"tomatl\" gave rise to the Spanish word \"tomate\", from which the English word tomato derived.", "Tomato __knowledge__ Its use as a cultivated food may have originated with the indigenous peoples of Peru and Ecuador.", "Tomato __knowledge__ The Spanish discovered the tomato from their contact with the Aztec peoples during the Spanish colonization of the Americas, then brought it to Europe, and, from there, to other parts of the European colonized world during the 16th century.", "Flower __knowledge__ A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also called angiosperms).", "Flower __knowledge__ The biological function of a flower is to effect reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism for the union of sperm with eggs.", "Flower __knowledge__ Flowers may facilitate outcrossing (fusion of sperm and eggs from different individuals in a population) or allow selfing (fusion of sperm and egg from the same flower).", "Flower __knowledge__ Some flowers produce diaspores without fertilization (parthenocarpy).", "Flower __knowledge__ Flowers contain sporangia and are the site where gametophytes develop.", "Garden design __knowledge__ Garden design is the art and process of designing and creating plans for layout and planting of gardens and landscapes.", "Garden design __knowledge__ Garden design may be done by the garden owner themselves, or by professionals of varying levels of experience and expertise.", "Garden design __knowledge__ Most professional garden designers have some training in horticulture and the principles of design, and some are also landscape architects, a more formal level of training that usually requires an advanced degree and often a state license.", "Garden design __knowledge__ Amateur gardeners may also attain a high level of experience from extensive hours working in their own gardens, through casual study, serious study in Master Gardener Programs, or by joining gardening clubs.", "History of gardening __knowledge__ The history of ornamental gardening may be considered as aesthetic expressions of beauty through art and nature, a display of taste or style in civilized life, an expression of an individual's or culture's philosophy, and sometimes as a display of private status or national pride—in private and public landscapes.", "History of gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardening, a plant-based food pro-system, is the world's oldest form of gardening.", "History of gardening __knowledge__ Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the wet foothills of monsoon regions.", "History of gardening __knowledge__ In the gradual process of families improving their immediate environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected, and improved while undesirable species were eliminated." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 2 ]

[ "I love gardening. Gardening includes growing and cultivating plants", "I have vegetables such as squash, tomatoes, and strawberries and landscaping flowers. Do you have any flowers around your house? Gardening is considered relaxing", "Relaxing as it is it includes vegetables, flowers, herbs, fruits, and even invasive plants such as the venus fly traps and pitcher plants" ]

[ "Gardening", "Gardening", "Gardening" ]

[ "Fisherman", "Hi, that is true. I once was a fisherman and I caught tuner and king crabs", "True. the world is high need of fish protein", "Fishing was a main stay of the economic during the Mesolithic times" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fisherman __knowledge__ A fisherman or fisher is someone who captures fish and other animals from a body of water, or gathers shellfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Worldwide, there are about 38 million commercial and subsistence fishermen and fish farmers.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishermen may be professional or recreational and may be both men or women.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing had become a major means of survival as well as a business venture.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing and the fisherman have also influenced Ancient Egyptian religion; mullets were worshiped as a sign of the arriving flood season.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Bastet was often manifested in the form of a catfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ In ancient Egyptian literature, the method that Amun used to create the world is associated with the tilapia's method of mouth-brooding.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ According to the FAO, there were about 39 million fishers in countries producing more than 200,000 tonnes in 2012, which is nearly 140% the number in 1995.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ The total fishery production of 66 million tonnes equated to an average productivity of 3.5 tonnes per person.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Most of this growth took place in Asian countries, where four-fifths of world fishers and fish farmers dwell." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fisherman __knowledge__ A fisherman or fisher is someone who captures fish and other animals from a body of water, or gathers shellfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Worldwide, there are about 38 million commercial and subsistence fishermen and fish farmers.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishermen may be professional or recreational and may be both men or women.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing had become a major means of survival as well as a business venture.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing and the fisherman have also influenced Ancient Egyptian religion; mullets were worshiped as a sign of the arriving flood season.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Bastet was often manifested in the form of a catfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ In ancient Egyptian literature, the method that Amun used to create the world is associated with the tilapia's method of mouth-brooding.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ According to the FAO, there were about 39 million fishers in countries producing more than 200,000 tonnes in 2012, which is nearly 140% the number in 1995.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ The total fishery production of 66 million tonnes equated to an average productivity of 3.5 tonnes per person.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Most of this growth took place in Asian countries, where four-fifths of world fishers and fish farmers dwell.", "Paralithodes platypus __knowledge__ Paralithodes platypus, the blue king crab, is a species of North Pacific king crab which lives near St. Matthew Island, the Pribilof Islands, and the Diomede Islands, Alaska, with further populations along the coasts of Japan and Russia.", "Paralithodes platypus __knowledge__ Although blue king crabs are among the largest crabs in the world and reputedly may exceed in weight, they are generally smaller than red king crabs.", "Paralithodes platypus __knowledge__ Commercial blue king crab harvest around the eastern Bering Sea began in the mid-1960s and peaked in 1981 with a catch of .", "Paralithodes platypus __knowledge__ The Pribilof Island harvest by the United States peaked in 1980 at and was closed in 1988 due to population decline, then again in 1999 after being opened for three years.", "King crab __knowledge__ King crabs are a taxon of crab-like decapod crustaceans chiefly found in cold seas.", "King crab __knowledge__ Because of their large size and the taste of their meat, many species are widely caught and sold as food, the most common being the red king crab (\"Paralithodes camtschaticus\").", "King crab __knowledge__ King crabs are generally thought to be derived from hermit crab-like ancestors, which may explain the asymmetry still found in the adult forms.", "King crab __knowledge__ This ancestry is supported by several anatomical peculiarities which are present only in king crabs and hermit crabs.", "King crab __knowledge__ Although some doubt still exists about this theory, king crabs are the most widely quoted example of carcinisation among the Decapoda.", "Red king crab __knowledge__ The red king crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus, also called Kamchatka crab or Alaskan king crab, is a species of king crab native to the Bering Sea.", "Red king crab __knowledge__ It grows to a leg span of , and is heavily targeted by fisheries.", "Red king crab __knowledge__ The red king crab is the largest species of king crab.", "Red king crab __knowledge__ Red king crabs can reach a carapace width of up to , a leg span of , and a weight of .", "Red king crab __knowledge__ Males grow larger than females.", "Red king crab __knowledge__ Today red king crabs infrequently surpass in carapace width and the average male landed in the Bering Sea weighs .", "Red king crab __knowledge__ It was named after the color it turns when it is cooked rather than the color of a living animal, which tends to be more burgundy.", "Alaskan king crab fishing __knowledge__ Alaskan king crab fishing is carried out during the fall months in the waters off the coast of Alaska and the Aleutian Islands.", "Alaskan king crab fishing __knowledge__ The commercial harvest is performed during a very short season, and the catch is shipped worldwide.", "Alaskan king crab fishing __knowledge__ Large numbers of king crab are also caught in Russian and international waters.", "Alaskan king crab fishing __knowledge__ In 1980, at the peak of the king crab industry, Alaskan fisheries produced up to of crab.", "Alaskan king crab fishing __knowledge__ However, by 1983, the total size of the catch had dropped by up to 90% in some places.", "Alaskan king crab fishing __knowledge__ Several theories for the precipitous drop in the crab population have been proposed, including overfishing, warmer waters, and increased fish predation.", "Crab trap __knowledge__ Crab traps are used to bait, lure, and catch crabs for commercial or recreational use.", "Crab trap __knowledge__ Crabbing or crab fishing is the recreational hobby and commercial occupation of fishing for crabs.", "Crab trap __knowledge__ Different types of traps are used depending on the type of crab being fished for, geographic location, and personal preference.", "Crab trap __knowledge__ Crab has been a viable food source since Native Americans lived and fished on the Delmarva Peninsula.", "Crab trap __knowledge__ The Chesapeake Bay, which is known for their Chesapeake Bay blue crabs (\"Callinectes sapidus\") derives its name from \"Chesepiook\", a Susquehannock tribe word that means \"Great Water\".", "Crab trap __knowledge__ These Susquehannock natives led European settlers to some of the best places to catch crabs.", "Hermit crab __knowledge__ Hermit crabs are decapod crustaceans of the superfamily Paguroidea.", "Hermit crab __knowledge__ Most of the approximately 1100 species possess an asymmetrical abdomen that is concealed in a scavenged mollusc shell carried around by the hermit crab.", "Hermit crab __knowledge__ Most species have long, spirally curved abdomens, which are soft, unlike the hard, calcified abdomens seen in related crustaceans.", "Hermit crab __knowledge__ The vulnerable abdomen is protected from predators by a salvaged empty seashell carried by the hermit crab, into which its whole body can retract.", "Hermit crab __knowledge__ Most frequently, hermit crabs use the shells of sea snails (although the shells of bivalves and scaphopods and even hollow pieces of wood and stone are used by some species).", "Crab __knowledge__ Crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting \"tail\" (abdomen) ( = short, = tail), usually entirely hidden under the thorax.", "Crab __knowledge__ They live in all the world's oceans, in fresh water, and on land, are generally covered with a thick exoskeleton and have a single pair of claws.", "Crab __knowledge__ Many other animals with similar names – such as hermit crabs, king crabs, porcelain crabs, horseshoe crabs, and crab lice – are not true crabs.", "Crab __knowledge__ Crabs are generally covered with a thick exoskeleton, composed primarily of highly mineralized chitin, and armed with a single pair of chelae (claws).", "Mullion Cove __knowledge__ Mullion Cove or Porth Mellin is a small community on the west coast of the Lizard Peninsula in Cornwall, England.", "Mullion Cove __knowledge__ It is on the eastern side of the Mount's Bay.", "Mullion Cove __knowledge__ The Cove forms part of the parish of Mullion, and is accessible by road from Mullion village, away to the north east, and also by the popular South West coast path.", "Mullion Cove __knowledge__ It lies within an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) The Cove is south of Porthleven and southeast of Penzance by sea.", "Mullion Cove __knowledge__ It is south of Helston by land and southwest of Falmouth by land.", "Mullion Cove __knowledge__ In 1937 a stretch of the coast from Mullion Cove to Predannack was preserved for the nation with the help of the Council for the Preservation of Rural England (CPRE) and the National Trust.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Marlin fishing (also called billfishing) is considered by some game fishermen to be a pinnacle of offshore game fishing, due to the size and power of the four marlin species and their relative rareness.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ Fishing for marlin captured the imagination of some sport fishermen in the 1930s, when well-known angler/authors Zane Grey, who fished for black, striped, and blue marlin in the Pacific, and Ernest Hemingway, who fished the Florida Keys, Bahamas and Cuba for Atlantic blue marlin and white marlin, wrote extensively about their pursuit and enthused about the sporting qualities of their quarry.", "Marlin fishing __knowledge__ These days a lot of resources are committed to the construction of private and charter billfishing boats to participate in the billfishing tournament circuit.", "The Fisherman and the Jinni __knowledge__ \"The Fisherman and the Jinni\" is the second top-level story told by Sheherazade in the \"One Thousand and One Nights\".", "The Fisherman and the Jinni __knowledge__ There was an old, poor fisherman who cast his net four times a day and only four times.", "The Fisherman and the Jinni __knowledge__ One day he went to the shore and cast his net.", "The Fisherman and the Jinni __knowledge__ When he tried to pull it up, he found it to be heavy.", "The Fisherman and the Jinni __knowledge__ When he dove in and pulled up the net, he found a dead donkey in it.", "The Fisherman and the Jinni __knowledge__ Then he cast his net again and netted a pitcher full of dirt.", "The Fisherman and the Jinni __knowledge__ Then he cast his net for a third time and netted shards of pottery and glass.", "The Fisherman and the Jinni __knowledge__ On his fourth and final try, he called upon the name of God and cast his net.", "The Fisherman and the Jinni __knowledge__ When he pulled it up he found a copper jar with a cap that had the seal of Solomon on it.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ A fishing rod is a long, flexible rod used to catch fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ At its simplest, a fishing rod is a simple stick or pole attached to a line ending in a hook (formerly known as an \"angle\", hence the term angling).", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The length of the rod can vary between .", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ To entice fish, bait or lures are impaled on one or more hooks attached to the line.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ The line is generally stored on a reel which reduces tangles and assists in landing a fish.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ Traditionally rods are made from bamboo, while contemporary rods are usually made from fibreglass or carbon fibre.", "Fishing rod __knowledge__ In contrast with nets, which are usually used in subsistence and commercial fishing, fishing rods are more often used in recreational fishing and competitive casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "Satyavati __knowledge__ Satyavati () (also spelled Satyawati or Setyawati in Indonesian) was the queen of the Kuru king, Shantanu of Hastinapur and the great-grandmother of the Pandava and Kaurava princes (principal characters of the Hindu epic Mahabharata).", "Satyavati __knowledge__ She is also the mother of the seer Vyasa, author of the epic.", "Satyavati __knowledge__ Her story appears in the Mahabharata, the Harivamsa and the Devi Bhagavata Purana.", "Satyavati __knowledge__ Daughter of the Chedi king, Vasu (also known as Uparichara Vasu) and a cursed \"apsara\" (celestial nymph) who was turned into a fish called Adrika, Satyavati was brought up as a commoner.", "Satyavati __knowledge__ She is the adopted daughter of a fisherman chieftain, Dusharaj (also a ferryman) on the banks of the river Yamuna." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fisherman __knowledge__ A fisherman or fisher is someone who captures fish and other animals from a body of water, or gathers shellfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Worldwide, there are about 38 million commercial and subsistence fishermen and fish farmers.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishermen may be professional or recreational and may be both men or women.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing had become a major means of survival as well as a business venture.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing and the fisherman have also influenced Ancient Egyptian religion; mullets were worshiped as a sign of the arriving flood season.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Bastet was often manifested in the form of a catfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ In ancient Egyptian literature, the method that Amun used to create the world is associated with the tilapia's method of mouth-brooding.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ According to the FAO, there were about 39 million fishers in countries producing more than 200,000 tonnes in 2012, which is nearly 140% the number in 1995.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ The total fishery production of 66 million tonnes equated to an average productivity of 3.5 tonnes per person.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Most of this growth took place in Asian countries, where four-fifths of world fishers and fish farmers dwell.", "Fish protein powder __knowledge__ Fish protein powder (FPP) describes a food grade powder product designated primarily for human consumption applications.", "Fish protein powder __knowledge__ It differs significantly from fish meal products which are designated for animal feed applications.", "Fish protein powder __knowledge__ Fish protein powders have various sanitary processing, purity and functional characteristics which establish them as human food ingredients.", "Fish protein powder __knowledge__ Production plants registered for the USA market are located in Peru and France.", "Fish protein powder __knowledge__ Historically, the fish processing methods used for human consumption have been: fresh, canned, frozen, smoked or dehydrated - all of which would be used as a whole food rather than as an ingredient in other foods.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Closure (psychology) __knowledge__ Closure or need for closure (NFC) (used interchangeably with need for cognitive closure (NFCC)) are psychological terms that describe an individual's desire for a firm answer to a question and an aversion toward ambiguity.", "Closure (psychology) __knowledge__ The term \"need\" denotes a motivated tendency to seek out information.", "Closure (psychology) __knowledge__ The need for closure is the motivation to find an answer to an ambiguous situation.", "Closure (psychology) __knowledge__ This motivation is enhanced by the perceived benefits of obtaining closure, such as the increased ability to predict the world and a stronger basis for action.", "Closure (psychology) __knowledge__ This motivation is also enhanced by the perceived costs of lacking closure, such as missing deadlines.", "Law of primacy in persuasion __knowledge__ In persuasive communication, the order of the information's presentation influences opinion formation.", "Law of primacy in persuasion __knowledge__ The law of primacy in persuasion, otherwise known as a primacy effect, as postulated by Frederick Hansen Lund in 1925 holds that the side of an issue presented first will have greater effectiveness in persuasion than the side presented subsequently.", "Law of primacy in persuasion __knowledge__ Lund presented college students with a document in support of one side of a controversial issue and then presented a second document which supported the opposite position.", "Law of primacy in persuasion __knowledge__ He found the document read first had greater influence, regardless of which position it expressed.", "Fish farming __knowledge__ Fish farming or pisciculture involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures such as fish ponds, usually for food.", "Fish farming __knowledge__ It is the principal form of aquaculture, while other methods may fall under mariculture.", "Fish farming __knowledge__ A facility that releases juvenile fish into the wild for recreational fishing or to supplement a species' natural numbers is generally referred to as a fish hatchery.", "Fish farming __knowledge__ Worldwide, the most important fish species produced in fish farming are carp, tilapia, salmon, and catfish.", "Fish farming __knowledge__ Demand is increasing for fish and fish protein, which has resulted in widespread overfishing in wild fisheries.", "Fish farming __knowledge__ China provides 62% of the world's farmed fish.", "Fish __knowledge__ Fish are the gill-bearing aquatic craniate animals that lack limbs with digits.", "Fish __knowledge__ They form a sister group to the tunicates, together forming the olfactores.", "Fish __knowledge__ Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups.", "Fish __knowledge__ Tetrapods emerged within lobe-finned fishes, so cladistically they are fish as well.", "Fish __knowledge__ However, traditionally fish are rendered paraphyletic by excluding the tetrapods (i.e., the amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals which all descended from within the same ancestry).", "Fish __knowledge__ Because in this manner the term \"fish\" is defined negatively as a paraphyletic group, it is not considered a formal taxonomic grouping in systematic biology.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Lactalbumin, also known as \"whey protein\", is the albumin contained in milk and obtained from whey.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Lactalbumin is found in the milk of many mammals.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ There are alpha and beta lactalbumins; both are contained in milk.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Scientific studies suggest that certain types of lactalbumin (whey protein) can significantly improve immune responsiveness and increase levels of glutathione systemically in animals and possesses antiviral (against viruses), anti-apoptotic (impede cell death) and anti-tumor (against cancers or tumors) activities in humans.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ 1.", "Lactalbumin __knowledge__ Influence Of Dietary Lactalbumin Hydrolysate On The Immune System Of Mice And Resistance To Salmonellosis Bounous G., Stevenson M.M., Kongshavn P.A.", "Fishing industry in China __knowledge__ China, with one-fifth of the world's population, accounts for one-third of the world's reported fish production and two-thirds of the worlds reported aquaculture production.", "Fishing industry in China __knowledge__ Aquaculture, the farming of fish in ponds, lakes and tanks, accounts for two-thirds of China's reported output.", "Fishing industry in China __knowledge__ China's 2005 reported harvest was 32.4 million tonnes, more than 10 times that of the second-ranked nation, India, which reported 2.8 million tonnes.", "Fishing industry in China __knowledge__ China's 2005 reported catch of wild fish, caught in rivers, lakes, and the sea, was 17.1 million tonnes, far ahead of the second-ranked nation, the United States, which reported 4.9 million tonnes.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ There are two major sources of fish in Uganda; one is from aquaculture, the other from fishing in rivers and lakes.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ The latter has made up the largest and most significant share of all fishing.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ Open water covers 15.3 percent of Uganda's surface and comprises five major lakes (Lake Victoria, Lake Albert (Africa), Lake Kyoga, Lake Edward and Lake George (Uganda) which are the main sources of fish in the country.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ Lake Victoria continues to be the most important water body in Uganda both in size and contribution to the total fish catch, followed by Lake Albert and Lake Kyoga.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ Uganda's main sources of fish supply for both the domestic and export markets are the districts on Lake Victoria, particularly Mukono, Mpigi, Kalangala, Masaka and Luwero.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the practice of catching fish.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ It is a pre-historic practice dating back at least 40,000 years.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Since the 16th century fishing vessels have been able to cross oceans in pursuit of fish and since the 19th century it has been possible to use larger vessels and in some cases process the fish on board.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term fishing may be applied to catching other aquatic animals such as shellfish, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term is not usually applied to catching aquatic mammals, such as whales, where the term whaling is more appropriate, or to farmed fish.", "Aquaculture in China __knowledge__ China, with one-fifth of the world's population, accounts for two-thirds of the worlds reported aquaculture production.", "Aquaculture in China __knowledge__ Aquaculture is the farming of fish and other aquatic life in enclosures, such as ponds, lakes and tanks, or cages in rivers and coastal waters.", "Aquaculture in China __knowledge__ China's 2005 reported harvest was 32.4 million tonnes, more than 10 times that of the second-ranked nation, India, which reported 2.8 million tonnes.", "Aquaculture in China __knowledge__ China's 2005 reported catch of wild fish, caught in rivers, lakes, and the sea, was 17.1 million tonnes.", "Aquaculture in China __knowledge__ This means that aquaculture accounts for nearly two-thirds of China's reported total output.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fishing may include catching aquatic animals other than fish, such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Fishing __knowledge__ The term is not normally applied to catching farmed fish, or to aquatic mammals, such as whales where the term whaling is more appropriate.", "Fishing __knowledge__ According to the United Nations FAO statistics, the total number of commercial fishermen and fish farmers is estimated to be 38 million.", "Fishing __knowledge__ Fisheries and aquaculture provide direct and indirect employment to over 500 million people in developing countries.", "Fishing in India __knowledge__ Fishing in India is a major industry in its coastal states, employing over 14 million people.", "Fishing in India __knowledge__ In 2014-15, the country exported over 10,50,000 metric tonnes of fish to 75 countries, earning over $5.51 billion.", "Fishing in India __knowledge__ According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, fish production has increased more than tenfold since 1947 and doubled between 1990 and 2010.", "Fishing in India __knowledge__ India has of marine coastline, 3,827 fishing villages and 1,914 traditional fish landing centers.", "Fishing in India __knowledge__ India's fresh water resources consist of of rivers and canals, 2.9 million hectares of minor and major reservoirs, 2.4 million hectares of ponds and lakes, and about 0.8 million hectares of flood plain wetlands and water bodies." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fisherman __knowledge__ A fisherman or fisher is someone who captures fish and other animals from a body of water, or gathers shellfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Worldwide, there are about 38 million commercial and subsistence fishermen and fish farmers.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishermen may be professional or recreational and may be both men or women.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing had become a major means of survival as well as a business venture.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing and the fisherman have also influenced Ancient Egyptian religion; mullets were worshiped as a sign of the arriving flood season.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Bastet was often manifested in the form of a catfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ In ancient Egyptian literature, the method that Amun used to create the world is associated with the tilapia's method of mouth-brooding.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ According to the FAO, there were about 39 million fishers in countries producing more than 200,000 tonnes in 2012, which is nearly 140% the number in 1995.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ The total fishery production of 66 million tonnes equated to an average productivity of 3.5 tonnes per person.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Most of this growth took place in Asian countries, where four-fifths of world fishers and fish farmers dwell.", "Three-age system __knowledge__ The three-age system is the categorization of history into time periods divisible by three; for example, the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age, although it also refers to other tripartite divisions of historic time periods.", "Three-age system __knowledge__ In history, archaeology and physical anthropology, the three-age system is a methodological concept adopted during the 19th century by which artifacts and events of late prehistory and early history could be ordered into a recognizable chronology.", "Three-age system __knowledge__ It was initially developed by C. J. Thomsen, director of the Royal Museum of Nordic Antiquities, Copenhagen, as a means to classify the museum’s collections according to whether the artifacts were made of stone, bronze, or iron.", "Grahame Clark __knowledge__ Sir John Grahame Douglas Clark, CBE, FBA (28 July 1907 – 12 September 1995), who often published as J. G. D. Clark, was a British archaeologist who specialised in the study of Mesolithic Europe and palaeoeconomics.", "Grahame Clark __knowledge__ He spent most of his career working at the University of Cambridge, where he was appointed Disney Professor of Archaeology from 1952 to 1974 and Master of Peterhouse College from 1973 to 1980.", "Grahame Clark __knowledge__ Born in Kent to an upper-middle-class family, Clark developed an early interest in archaeology through his collection of prehistoric flint tools.", "Grahame Clark __knowledge__ After an education at Marlborough College, he proceeded to Peterhouse in the University of Cambridge, there attaining both his undergraduate and then doctoral degree.", "Mesolithic __knowledge__ In archaeology, the Mesolithic (Greek: μέσος, \"mesos\" \"middle\"; λίθος, \"lithos\" \"stone\") is the period between Paleolithic and Neolithic.", "Mesolithic __knowledge__ The term \"Epipaleolithic\" is often used for areas outside northern Europe, but was also the preferred synonym used by French archaeologists until the 1960s.", "Mesolithic __knowledge__ Mesolithic has different time spans in different parts of Eurasia.", "Mesolithic __knowledge__ It was originally post-Pleistocene, pre-agricultural material in northwest Europe about 10,000 to 5000 BCE, but material from the Levant (about 20,000 to 9500 BCE) is also labelled Mesolithic.", "Mesolithic __knowledge__ The term \"Mesolithic\" is in competition with another term, \"Epipaleolithic\", which means the \"final Upper Paleolithic industries occurring at the end of the final glaciation which appear to merge technologically into the Mesolithic\".", "History of Somerset __knowledge__ Somerset is a historic county in the south west of England.", "History of Somerset __knowledge__ There is evidence of human occupation since prehistoric times with hand axes and flint points from the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic eras, and a range of burial mounds, hill forts and other artefacts dating from the Neolithic, Bronze and Iron Ages.", "History of Somerset __knowledge__ The oldest dated human road work in Great Britain is the Sweet Track, constructed across the Somerset Levels with wooden planks in the 39th century BCE.", "History of Somerset __knowledge__ Following the Roman Empire's invasion of southern Britain, the mining of lead and silver in the Mendip Hills provided a basis for local industry and commerce.", "Warblington __knowledge__ Warblington, historically part of the Hundred of Bosmere, is a suburb of Havant, a town in Hampshire, England.", "Warblington __knowledge__ It is part of the parish of St Thomas à Becket, Warblington and St James, Emsworth.", "Warblington __knowledge__ Pevsner (1967) describes the church of St Thomas as essentially late 12th century and praises the \"undisturbed\" setting.", "Warblington __knowledge__ To the north of the church is the locality’s most distinctive landmark: the tall octagonal turret of Warblington Castle.", "Warblington __knowledge__ In October 1551, Mary of Guise the widow of James V of Scotland stayed a night in the castle as a guest of Sir Richard Cotton.", "Warblington __knowledge__ Unusually, Warblington contains a large secondary school (Warblington School) but no primary school.", "History of Maidstone __knowledge__ The History of Maidstone and its environs goes as far back as Mesolithic times.", "History of Maidstone __knowledge__ It has seen settlement by the Romans and the Normans and played its role in pivotal moments of English history such as the Peasants' Revolt and the English Civil War.", "History of Maidstone __knowledge__ It has also hosted a large Army barracks since Napoleonic times and was an important centre for Kent's brewing and papermaking industries.", "History of Maidstone __knowledge__ Maidstone Museum has evidence of many prehistoric peoples inhabiting the area.", "History of Maidstone __knowledge__ Artefacts dating as far back as Mesolithic times have been unearthed in area along with many Neolithic finds have been made locally, notably at Kit's Coty and the Countless Stones.", "Prehistoric Cumbria __knowledge__ Prehistoric Cumbria describes that part of north-west England, subsequently the county of Cumbria, prior to the coming of the Romans.", "Prehistoric Cumbria __knowledge__ Barrowclough puts the archaeological record of the county (as of 2010) at '443 stone tools, 187 metal objects and 134 pots', plus the various monuments such as henges, stone circles, and the like.", "Prehistoric Cumbria __knowledge__ The survival of these objects has been influenced by processes such as the rise in sea levels on the west coast, erosion, deposition practices, industrial and agricultural development, and the changing interests and capabilities of antiquarians and archaeologists.", "Prehistoric Cumbria __knowledge__ The first permanent inhabitants of the Cumbria region were based in caves during the Mesolithic era.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ The history of Cumbria as a county of England begins with the Local Government Act 1972.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ Its territory and constituent parts however have a long history under various other administrative and historic units of governance.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ Cumbria is an upland, coastal and rural area, with a history of invasions, migration and settlement, as well as battles and skirmishes between the English and the Scots.", "History of Cumbria __knowledge__ Cumbria was created as a county in 1974 from territory of the historic counties of Cumberland, Westmorland, Lancashire North of the Sands and a small part of Yorkshire, but the human history of the area is ancient.", "Prehistoric Europe __knowledge__ Prehistoric Europe is the designation for the period of human presence in Europe before the start of recorded history, beginning in the Lower Paleolithic.", "Prehistoric Europe __knowledge__ As history progresses, considerable regional irregularities of cultural development emerge and increase.", "Prehistoric Europe __knowledge__ The region of the eastern Mediterranean is, due to its geographic proximity, greatly influenced and inspired by the classical Middle Eastern civilizations, and adopts and develops the earliest systems of communal organisation and writing.", "Prehistoric Europe __knowledge__ The Histories of Herodotus (from around 440 BC) is the oldest known European text that seeks to systematically record traditions, public affairs and notable events.", "Monmouth in the Mesolithic period __knowledge__ The discovery of artefacts at two excavation sites in 2010 revealed human settlement at Monmouth in the Mesolithic period.", "Monmouth in the Mesolithic period __knowledge__ The artefacts uncovered by archaeologists at St James' Square and Wyebridge Street included charcoal, flints, and bone fragments.", "Monmouth in the Mesolithic period __knowledge__ The discovery has led to the conclusion that the site of Monmouth, adjoining the confluence of the rivers Monnow and Wye in south east Wales, was inhabited thousands of years earlier than previously believed.", "Monmouth in the Mesolithic period __knowledge__ The earliest known settlement in Monmouth prior to the most recent find was about 2,500 years old.", "Monmouth in the Mesolithic period __knowledge__ The excavations that took place in 2010 during the course of gas main replacement work at St James' Square and Wyebridge Street drew the attention of local archaeologists." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 6 ]

[ " A fisherman or fisher is someone who captures fish, have you ever been a fisherman.", "Interesting, worldwide there are 38 million fisherman and fish farmers.", "Yeah in fact fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic era.", "Yeah it has been a major means of survival for us for a long time." ]

[ "Fisherman", "Fisherman", "Fisherman", "Fisherman" ]

[ "Agatha Christie's Poirot", "Oh really? I remember reading many of her books many years ago, but I've never seen Poirot. What's it about?", "Yes, he is! When did the show begin?", "Wow! I can't believe it had been around that long and I've never heard of it! Do you think I can find it on Netflix?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Agatha Christie's Poirot is a British mystery drama television series that aired on ITV from 8 January 1989 to 13 November 2013.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ David Suchet stars as the eponymous detective, Agatha Christie's fictional Hercule Poirot.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Initially produced by LWT, the series was later produced by ITV Studios.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ The series also aired on VisionTV in Canada and on PBS and A&E in the United States.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ The programme ran for 13 series and 70 episodes in total; each episode was adapted from a novel or short story by Christie that featured Poirot, and consequently in each episode Poirot is both the main detective in charge of the investigation of a crime (usually murder) and the protagonist who is at the centre of most of the episode's action.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ At the programme's conclusion, which finished with \"\", based on the final Poirot novel, every major literary work by Christie that featured the title character had been adapted.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Clive Exton in partnership with producer Brian Eastman adapted the pilot.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Together, they wrote and produced the first eight series.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Exton and Eastman left \"Poirot\" after 2001, when they began work on \"Rosemary & Thyme\".", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Michele Buck and Damien Timmer, who both went on to form Mammoth Screen, were behind the revamping of the series." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Agatha Christie's Poirot is a British mystery drama television series that aired on ITV from 8 January 1989 to 13 November 2013.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ David Suchet stars as the eponymous detective, Agatha Christie's fictional Hercule Poirot.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Initially produced by LWT, the series was later produced by ITV Studios.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ The series also aired on VisionTV in Canada and on PBS and A&E in the United States.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ The programme ran for 13 series and 70 episodes in total; each episode was adapted from a novel or short story by Christie that featured Poirot, and consequently in each episode Poirot is both the main detective in charge of the investigation of a crime (usually murder) and the protagonist who is at the centre of most of the episode's action.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ At the programme's conclusion, which finished with \"\", based on the final Poirot novel, every major literary work by Christie that featured the title character had been adapted.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Clive Exton in partnership with producer Brian Eastman adapted the pilot.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Together, they wrote and produced the first eight series.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Exton and Eastman left \"Poirot\" after 2001, when they began work on \"Rosemary & Thyme\".", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Michele Buck and Damien Timmer, who both went on to form Mammoth Screen, were behind the revamping of the series.", "The Labours of Hercules __knowledge__ The Labours of Hercules is a short story collection written by Agatha Christie and first published in the US by Dodd, Mead and Company in 1947 and in the UK by Collins Crime Club in September of the same year.", "The Labours of Hercules __knowledge__ The US edition retailed at $2.50 and the UK edition at eight shillings and sixpence (8/6).", "The Labours of Hercules __knowledge__ It features Belgian detective Hercule Poirot, and gives an account of twelve cases with which he intends to close his career as a private detective.", "The Labours of Hercules __knowledge__ His regular sidekicks (his secretary, Miss Lemon, and valet, George/Georges) make cameo appearances, as does Chief Inspector Japp.", "The Labours of Hercules __knowledge__ The stories were all first published in periodicals between 1939 and 1947.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Hercule Poirot (, ; ) is a fictional Belgian detective, created by Agatha Christie.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Poirot is one of Christie's most famous and long-lived characters, appearing in 33 novels, one play (\"Black Coffee\"), and more than 50 short stories published between 1920 and 1975.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Poirot has been portrayed on radio, in film and on television by various actors, including Austin Trevor, John Moffatt, Albert Finney, Sir Peter Ustinov, Sir Ian Holm, Tony Randall, Alfred Molina, Orson Welles, David Suchet and Sir Kenneth Branagh.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Poirot's name was derived from two other fictional detectives of the time: Marie Belloc Lowndes' Hercule Popeau and Frank Howel Evans' Monsieur Poiret, a retired Belgian police officer living in London.", "Poirot Investigates __knowledge__ Poirot Investigates is a short story collection written by Agatha Christie and first published in the UK by The Bodley Head in March 1924.", "Poirot Investigates __knowledge__ In the eleven stories, famed eccentric detective Hercule Poirot solves a variety of mysteries involving greed, jealousy, and revenge.", "Poirot Investigates __knowledge__ The American version of this book, published by Dodd, Mead and Company in 1925, featured a further three stories.", "Poirot Investigates __knowledge__ The UK first edition featured an illustration of Poirot on the dust jacket by W. Smithson Broadhead, reprinted from the 21 March 1923 issue of \"The Sketch\" magazine.", "Poirot Investigates __knowledge__ The UK edition retailed at seven shillings and sixpence (7/6) while the 1925 US edition was $2.00.", "Poirot's Early Cases __knowledge__ Poirot's Early Cases is a short story collection written by Agatha Christie and first published in the UK by Collins Crime Club in September 1974.", "Poirot's Early Cases __knowledge__ The book retailed at £2.25.", "Poirot's Early Cases __knowledge__ Although the stories contained within the volume had all appeared in previous US collections, the book also appeared there later in 1974 under the slightly different title of Hercule Poirot's Early Cases in an edition retailing at $6.95.", "Poirot's Early Cases __knowledge__ In the collection, Christie charts some of the cases from Hercule Poirot's early career, before he was internationally renowned as a detective.", "Poirot's Early Cases __knowledge__ All the stories had first been published in periodicals between 1923 and 1935.", "The Big Four (novel) __knowledge__ The Big Four is a work of detective fiction by Agatha Christie, first published in the UK by William Collins & Sons on 27 January 1927 and in the US by Dodd, Mead and Company later in the same year.", "The Big Four (novel) __knowledge__ It features Hercule Poirot, Arthur Hastings, and Inspector (later, Chief Inspector) Japp.", "The Big Four (novel) __knowledge__ The UK edition retailed at seven shillings and sixpence (7/6) and the US edition at $2.00.", "The Big Four (novel) __knowledge__ The structure of the novel is different from other Poirot stories, as it began from twelve short stories (eleven in the US) that had been separately published.", "The Big Four (novel) __knowledge__ This is a tale of international intrigue and espionage, therefore opening up the possibility of more spy fiction from Christie.", "Dumb Witness __knowledge__ Dumb Witness is a detective fiction novel by British writer Agatha Christie, first published in the UK by the Collins Crime Club on 5 July 1937 and in the US by Dodd, Mead and Company later in the same year under the title of Poirot Loses a Client.", "Dumb Witness __knowledge__ The UK edition retailed at seven shillings and sixpence (7/6) and the US edition at $2.00.", "Dumb Witness __knowledge__ The book features the Belgian detective Hercule Poirot and is narrated by his friend Arthur Hastings.", "Dumb Witness __knowledge__ One novel published after this one features Hastings as narrator, 1975's \"Curtain: Poirot's Last Case\".", "Dumb Witness __knowledge__ Reviews of this novel at publication in 1937 were generally positive, though several pointed out what they considered to be plot weaknesses.", "Curtain (novel) __knowledge__ Curtain: Poirot's Last Case is a work of detective fiction by Agatha Christie, first published in the UK by the Collins Crime Club in September 1975 and in the US by Dodd, Mead and Company later in the same year, selling for $7.95.", "Curtain (novel) __knowledge__ The novel features Hercule Poirot and Arthur Hastings in their final appearances in Christie's works.", "Curtain (novel) __knowledge__ It is a country house novel, with all the characters and the murder set in one house.", "Curtain (novel) __knowledge__ Not only does the novel return the characters to the setting of her first, \"The Mysterious Affair at Styles\", but it reunites Poirot and Hastings, who last appeared together in \"Dumb Witness\" in 1937.", "Agatha Christie __knowledge__ Dame Agatha () Mary Clarissa Christie, Lady Mallowan, DBE (\"née\" Miller; 15 September 1890 – 12 January 1976) was an English writer.", "Agatha Christie __knowledge__ She is known for her 66 detective novels and 14 short story collections, particularly those revolving around her fictional detectives Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple.", "Agatha Christie __knowledge__ Christie also wrote the world's longest-running play, a murder mystery, \"The Mousetrap\", and six romances under the name Mary Westmacott.", "Agatha Christie __knowledge__ In 1971 she was elevated to Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) for her contribution to literature.", "Agatha Christie __knowledge__ Christie was born into a wealthy upper-middle-class family in Torquay, Devon.", "Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express __knowledge__ Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express is a 2006 adventure game developed by AWE Productions and published by The Adventure Company for Microsoft Windows.", "Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express __knowledge__ It is the second installment in The Adventure Company's \"Agatha Christie series\".", "Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express __knowledge__ The setting is five years before the events in \"\", with a largely unrelated storyline.", "Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express __knowledge__ The plot follows an amateur sleuth, Antoinette Marceau, and her investigation of a murder with twelve possible suspects aboard the Orient Express, which has been blocked by an avalanche in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia during 1934.", "Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express __knowledge__ She is aided by famous detective Hercule Poirot." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Agatha Christie's Poirot is a British mystery drama television series that aired on ITV from 8 January 1989 to 13 November 2013.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ David Suchet stars as the eponymous detective, Agatha Christie's fictional Hercule Poirot.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Initially produced by LWT, the series was later produced by ITV Studios.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ The series also aired on VisionTV in Canada and on PBS and A&E in the United States.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ The programme ran for 13 series and 70 episodes in total; each episode was adapted from a novel or short story by Christie that featured Poirot, and consequently in each episode Poirot is both the main detective in charge of the investigation of a crime (usually murder) and the protagonist who is at the centre of most of the episode's action.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ At the programme's conclusion, which finished with \"\", based on the final Poirot novel, every major literary work by Christie that featured the title character had been adapted.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Clive Exton in partnership with producer Brian Eastman adapted the pilot.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Together, they wrote and produced the first eight series.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Exton and Eastman left \"Poirot\" after 2001, when they began work on \"Rosemary & Thyme\".", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Michele Buck and Damien Timmer, who both went on to form Mammoth Screen, were behind the revamping of the series.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "CBDC NORTIP __knowledge__ CBDC NORTIP is one of 41 Community Business Development Corporations in Atlantic Canada and a part of a Network of 270 \"Community Futures Development Corporations\" across Canada.", "CBDC NORTIP __knowledge__ CBDC NORTIP is located in Northern Newfoundland on its Great Northern Peninsula.", "CBDC NORTIP __knowledge__ It covers the rural communities beginning at Norris Point and all communities North, accessible via Route 430 - \"The Viking Trail\".", "CBDC NORTIP __knowledge__ The mandate of CBDC NORTIP is to create or maintain permanent employment.", "CBDC NORTIP __knowledge__ The jobs to be created or maintained must be filled by local residents of the geographic area represented wherever possible, and the business must be located in the region designated by Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency.", "Galambok __knowledge__ Galambok is a village in Zala County, Hungary.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Richard Christopher \"Rick\" Wakeman (born 18 May 1949) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, television and radio presenter, and author.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the progressive rock band Yes across five tenures between 1971 and 2004 and for his solo albums released in the 1970s.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is a current member of Yes Featuring Jon Anderson, Trevor Rabin and Rick Wakeman.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Born and raised in West London, Wakeman intended to be a concert pianist but quit his studies at the Royal College of Music in 1969 to become a full-time session musician.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ His early sessions included playing on \"Space Oddity\", among others, for David Bowie and songs by Junior's Eyes, T. Rex, Elton John, and Cat Stevens.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "David Suchet __knowledge__ David Suchet, CBE ( ; born 2 May 1946) is an English actor, known for his work on British stage and television.", "David Suchet __knowledge__ He played Edward Teller in the TV serial \"Oppenheimer\" and received the RTS and BPG awards for his performance as Augustus Melmotte in the 2001 British serial \"The Way We Live Now\".", "David Suchet __knowledge__ He earned international recognition and acclaim for his performance as Agatha Christie's detective Hercule Poirot in \"Agatha Christie's Poirot\", for which he received a 1991 British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) nomination.", "David Suchet __knowledge__ Suchet was born in London, the son of Joan Patricia (\"née\" Jarché; 1916–1992), an actress, and Jack Suchet.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Hercule Poirot (, ; ) is a fictional Belgian detective, created by Agatha Christie.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Poirot is one of Christie's most famous and long-lived characters, appearing in 33 novels, one play (\"Black Coffee\"), and more than 50 short stories published between 1920 and 1975.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Poirot has been portrayed on radio, in film and on television by various actors, including Austin Trevor, John Moffatt, Albert Finney, Sir Peter Ustinov, Sir Ian Holm, Tony Randall, Alfred Molina, Orson Welles, David Suchet and Sir Kenneth Branagh.", "Hercule Poirot __knowledge__ Poirot's name was derived from two other fictional detectives of the time: Marie Belloc Lowndes' Hercule Popeau and Frank Howel Evans' Monsieur Poiret, a retired Belgian police officer living in London.", "Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express __knowledge__ Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express is a 2006 adventure game developed by AWE Productions and published by The Adventure Company for Microsoft Windows.", "Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express __knowledge__ It is the second installment in The Adventure Company's \"Agatha Christie series\".", "Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express __knowledge__ The setting is five years before the events in \"\", with a largely unrelated storyline.", "Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express __knowledge__ The plot follows an amateur sleuth, Antoinette Marceau, and her investigation of a murder with twelve possible suspects aboard the Orient Express, which has been blocked by an avalanche in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia during 1934.", "Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express __knowledge__ She is aided by famous detective Hercule Poirot.", "John Suchet __knowledge__ John Suchet ( ; born 29 March 1944) is an English author, newsreader, television presenter and musical host on Classic FM (UK).", "John Suchet __knowledge__ Suchet has two brothers, one of whom is the actor David Suchet.", "John Suchet __knowledge__ He is father of broadcast journalist Rory Suchet and uncle of broadcast journalist Richard Suchet.", "John Suchet __knowledge__ Suchet was born in London, the son of Joan Patricia (née Jarché; 1916–1992), an actress, and Jack Suchet, who emigrated from South Africa to England in 1932, and trained to be a doctor at St Mary's Hospital, London in 1933.", "John Suchet __knowledge__ Suchet's father was a consultant obstetrician and gynaecologist, working with Alexander Fleming on the role of penicillin in treating venereal disease.", "Jack Suchet __knowledge__ Jack Suchet (10 May 1908 – 9 September 2001) was a South African-born English consultant obstetrician and gynaecologist, who carried out research on the use of penicillin in the treatment of venereal disease with Sir Alexander Fleming in London.", "Jack Suchet __knowledge__ He was the father of newsreader John Suchet and actor David Suchet.", "Jack Suchet __knowledge__ Suchet was born in Johannesburg, South Africa, in 1908 to Isidor Suchedowitz, a Lithuanian Jewish immigrant from Memel.", "Jack Suchet __knowledge__ His father, who had changed the family surname from Suchedowitz to Suchet, wanted Jack to go into business, and he studied Business Administration at the University of Cape Town in South Africa.", "Pierre-Joseph Habert __knowledge__ Pierre-Joseph Habert (22 December 1773 – 19 May 1825) enlisted in the French army at the beginning of the French Revolutionary Wars and led a division during the Napoleonic Wars.", "Pierre-Joseph Habert __knowledge__ After serving in the army from 1792 to 1797, he fought in Ireland and Egypt, rising in rank to become a colonel by 1802.", "Pierre-Joseph Habert __knowledge__ Under Emperor Napoleon, he led his regiment in the 1805 campaign against Austria.", "Pierre-Joseph Habert __knowledge__ In the 1806-1807 campaign he saw action at Jena, Golymin, Eylau, and Heilsberg and was wounded twice in the last-named battle.", "Pierre-Joseph Habert __knowledge__ Promoted to general officer, Habert was posted to Spain where he achieved fame in the Peninsular War." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Agatha Christie's Poirot is a British mystery drama television series that aired on ITV from 8 January 1989 to 13 November 2013.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ David Suchet stars as the eponymous detective, Agatha Christie's fictional Hercule Poirot.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Initially produced by LWT, the series was later produced by ITV Studios.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ The series also aired on VisionTV in Canada and on PBS and A&E in the United States.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ The programme ran for 13 series and 70 episodes in total; each episode was adapted from a novel or short story by Christie that featured Poirot, and consequently in each episode Poirot is both the main detective in charge of the investigation of a crime (usually murder) and the protagonist who is at the centre of most of the episode's action.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ At the programme's conclusion, which finished with \"\", based on the final Poirot novel, every major literary work by Christie that featured the title character had been adapted.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Clive Exton in partnership with producer Brian Eastman adapted the pilot.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Together, they wrote and produced the first eight series.", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Exton and Eastman left \"Poirot\" after 2001, when they began work on \"Rosemary & Thyme\".", "Agatha Christie's Poirot __knowledge__ Michele Buck and Damien Timmer, who both went on to form Mammoth Screen, were behind the revamping of the series.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix is an American entertainment company founded by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph on August 29, 1997, in Scotts Valley, California.", "Netflix __knowledge__ It specializes in and provides streaming media and video-on-demand online and DVD by mail.", "Netflix __knowledge__ In 2013, Netflix expanded into film and television production as well as online distribution.", "Netflix __knowledge__ It is headquartered in Los Gatos, California.", "Netflix __knowledge__ Netflix's initial business model included DVD sales and rental, although Hastings jettisoned DVD sales about a year after Netflix's founding to focus on the DVD rental by mail business.", "Netflix __knowledge__ In 2007, Netflix expanded its business with the introduction of streaming media, while retaining the DVD and Blu-ray rental service.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: An agent who tells Mr Tawny he can make a great singer out of him.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Though his voice is terrible, people will want to see a singing tiger.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Billy tells him not to be forced into something he does not want, and when Hooey tries to stop him he transforms and tries to throw him out.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ But Hal flatters Tawny, making him sign the contract.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Cap criticises him, Hal claims he is jealous.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ A Gala party is arranged to celebrate this next day, but Hal drops the invitation to Captain Marvel into the bin as he wants their friendship to break up.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: A Jekyll and Hyde-type who fought Captain Marvel Jr. Based on the Nazi Dictator Adolf Hitler.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Führer of Nazi Germany, he was a member of the Monster Society of Evil.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ He ordered the creation of Captain Nazi, and caused many plots against America and its superheroes.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Like his real-life counterpart, he probably committed suicide with his wife when the Allies were advancing to Berlin.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Only appearing in \"Marvel Family\" #27.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Created by a scientist who thinks if everyone in the world was like him there would be no war.", "Monkey Thieves __knowledge__ Monkey Thieves (), also known as Rebel Monkeys, is a documentary series produced by National Geographic, examining the habits and social interactions of rhesus macaques in the city of Jaipur, in northwestern India.", "Monkey Thieves __knowledge__ \"Monkey Thieves\" follows a family of urban macaques within Jaipur's 'Pink City' and all the drama that comes from living close to humans.", "Monkey Thieves __knowledge__ The series tells the story of the \"Galta Gang\", a sixty-strong troop that lives in the Galta Temple, a Hindu temple on the outskirts of Jaipur.", "Monkey Thieves __knowledge__ This bunch live in luxury because worshipers believe they personify Hanuman, the cherished 'Monkey God' who banished evil in the Indian epic Ramayana.", "Sense8 __knowledge__ Sense8 (a play on the word \"sensate\" ) is an American science fiction drama web television series created by Lana and Lilly Wachowski and J. Michael Straczynski for Netflix.", "Sense8 __knowledge__ The production companies behind \"Sense8\" include the Wachowskis' Anarchos Productions (replaced by Lana and her wife's Venus Castina Productions in the second season), Straczynski's Studio JMS, and Georgeville Television, with Unpronounceable Productions having been set up specifically for this show.", "Sense8 __knowledge__ The show's first season introduced a multinational ensemble cast, with Aml Ameen, Doona Bae, Jamie Clayton, Tina Desai, Tuppence Middleton, Max Riemelt, Miguel Ángel Silvestre and Brian J. Smith portraying eight strangers from different parts of the world who suddenly become \"sensates\"; human beings who are mentally and emotionally linked.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "Stranger Things __knowledge__ Stranger Things is an American science fiction-horror web television series created, written, directed and co-executive produced by The Duffer Brothers, as well as co-executive produced by Shawn Levy and Dan Cohen.", "Stranger Things __knowledge__ The first season, released in July 2016, stars Winona Ryder, David Harbour, Finn Wolfhard, Millie Bobby Brown, Gaten Matarazzo, Caleb McLaughlin, Natalia Dyer, Charlie Heaton, Cara Buono and Matthew Modine, with Noah Schnapp and Joe Keery in recurring roles.", "Stranger Things __knowledge__ For the second season, Schnapp and Keery were promoted to series regulars, along with the additions of Sadie Sink, Dacre Montgomery, Sean Astin and Paul Reiser.", "X Factor (Romanian TV series) __knowledge__ X Factor is a Romanian television music talent show contested by aspiring pop singers drawn from public auditions based on \"The X Factor\" series.", "X Factor (Romanian TV series) __knowledge__ It is broadcast on the Antena 1 channel in Romania.", "X Factor (Romanian TV series) __knowledge__ The competition is open to both solo artists and groups and has no upper age limit.", "X Factor (Romanian TV series) __knowledge__ Each judge is assigned one of three categories; the criteria for each has varied between seasons.", "X Factor (Romanian TV series) __knowledge__ Throughout the live shows the judges act as mentors to their category, helping to decide song choices, styling and staging, while judging contestants from the other categories; they also compete to ensure that their act wins the competition, thus making them the winning judge.", "Fibromatosis __knowledge__ The term fibromatosis refers to a group of soft tissue tumors which have certain characteristics in common, including absence of cytologic and clinical malignant features, a histology consistent with proliferation of well-differentiated fibroblasts, an infiltrative growth pattern, and aggressive clinical behavior with frequent local recurrence.", "Fibromatosis __knowledge__ It is classed by the World Health Organisation as an intermediate soft tissue tumor related to the sarcoma family.", "Fibromatosis __knowledge__ Other names include \"musculoaponeurotic fibromatosis,\" referring to the tendency of these tumors to be adjacent to and infiltrating deep skeletal muscle, aggressive fibromatosis and \"desmoid tumor.\"", "Fox Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ Fox Broadcasting Company (often shortened to Fox and stylized as FOX) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of Fox Entertainment Group, a subsidiary of 21st Century Fox.", "Fox Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ The network is headquartered at the 20th Century Fox studio in Los Angeles, with additional major offices and production facilities at the Fox Television Center also in Los Angeles and the Fox Broadcasting Center in New York City.", "Fox Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ Launched on October 9, 1986, as a competitor to the Big Three television networks (ABC, NBC and CBS), Fox went on to become the most successful attempt at a fourth television network.", "2013–14 Bulgarian protests against the Oresharski cabinet __knowledge__ The 2013–14 Bulgarian protests against the Oresharski cabinet are series of demonstrations that were held in Bulgaria, mainly in the capital Sofia, against the left-wing coalition cabinet of Oresharski (coalition between Bulgarian Socialist Party and Movement for Rights and Freedoms (DPS), supported by the ultra-nationalist party Ataka).", "2013–14 Bulgarian protests against the Oresharski cabinet __knowledge__ The demonstrations started on 28 May 2013, but actual large-scale protests did not emerge until 14 June.", "2013–14 Bulgarian protests against the Oresharski cabinet __knowledge__ While the trigger factor for the demonstrations was the controversial appointment of Delyan Peevski as head of DANS in June 2013, the public discontent stemmed from a variety of causes, to a large extent connected to the general nature of the BSP-MRF governing coalition and perceived legitimacy issues surrounding political processes in Bulgaria.", "1988–89 in English football __knowledge__ The 1988–89 season was the 109th season of competitive football in England.", "1988–89 in English football __knowledge__ The season saw Arsenal win their first league title for 18 years, in dramatic fashion, as they beat defending champions Liverpool 2-0 at Anfield to clinch the title on amount of goals scored.", "1988–89 in English football __knowledge__ Liverpool had won the FA Cup six days earlier and for the second season running missed out on a unique second double.", "1988–89 in English football __knowledge__ Third placed Nottingham Forest lifted both the Football League Cup and Full Members Cup.", "1988–89 in English football __knowledge__ The ban on English clubs was now in its fourth season and UEFA then voted for it to continue for a fifth season.", "1988–89 in English football __knowledge__ The season was overshadowed by the Hillsborough disaster on 15 April 1989, which resulted in the death of 96 Liverpool fans (the death total eventually reached 96) in a crowd crush at the FA Cup semi-final.", "Revolutions of 1989 __knowledge__ The Revolutions of 1989 formed part of a revolutionary wave in the late 1980s and early 1990s that resulted in the end of communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe and beyond.", "Revolutions of 1989 __knowledge__ The period is sometimes called the Autumn of Nations, a play on the term \"Spring of Nations\" that is sometimes used to describe the Revolutions of 1848.", "Revolutions of 1989 __knowledge__ The events of the full-blown revolution began in Poland in 1989 and continued in Hungary, East Germany, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia and Romania.", "Revolutions of 1989 __knowledge__ One feature common to most of these developments was the extensive use of campaigns of civil resistance, demonstrating popular opposition to the continuation of one-party rule and contributing to the pressure for change." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 1, 4 ]

[ "Agatha Christie's Poirot is a British mystery drama television series I think I have seen every episode!", "I is a drama show, David Suchet is the star of it! He is so dreamy.", "It aired starting 8 January 1989 and ended on 13 November 2013.", "I dont think so but it aired on on PBS and A&E in the United States" ]

[ "Agatha Christie's Poirot", "Agatha Christie's Poirot", "Agatha Christie's Poirot", "Agatha Christie's Poirot" ]

[ "Rural area\nHello, I live in a rural area.", "Not quite, more in a mountainous region. It's about 45 minutes away.", "A bit of a combination. There are a lot of trees which I quite enjoy. It's very verdant. Do you live in a rural area?", "I see. Do you enjoy living in the suburbs?", "I would imagine rural areas in the countryside would make for a good respite from the suburbs." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rural area __knowledge__ In general, a rural area or countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities.", "Rural area __knowledge__ The Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services defines the word \"rural\" as encompassing \"...all population, housing, and territory not included within an urban area.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Whatever is not urban is considered rural.\"", "Rural area __knowledge__ Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Agricultural areas are commonly rural, as are other types of areas such as forest.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Different countries have varying definitions of \"rural\" for statistical and administrative purposes.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development defines a \"predominantly rural region\" as having more than 50% of the population living in rural communities where a \"rural community\" has a population density less than 150 people per square kilometre.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the census division has been used to represent \"regions\" and census consolidated sub-divisions have been used to represent \"communities\".", "Rural area __knowledge__ Intermediate regions have 15 to 49 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Predominantly urban regions have less than 15 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "Angerme __knowledge__ , formerly , is a Japanese idol girl group from Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Project, which originally consisted of four former Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Pro Egg (Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Project trainees) members that left Egg in 2010 and became full-time members of Hello!", "Angerme __knowledge__ Project.", "Angerme __knowledge__ In 2010, they won the Japan Record Award for Best New Artist.", "Angerme __knowledge__ In 2011, five new girls were added to the group as part of the second generation, with two being former Egg members and three new girls.", "Angerme __knowledge__ With 3 members graduating, S/mileage continued the rest of their career as a 6-member group.", "Angerme __knowledge__ Since the formation of ANGERME, there has been 3 more generations, and 3 more graduations.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a song by English singer Adele, released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album, \"25\" (2015).", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Adele co-wrote the song with her producer, Greg Kurstin.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" is a piano ballad with soul influences, and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ Upon release, the song was acclaimed by music critics, who compared it favourably to Adele's previous work and praised the song's lyrics and Adele's vocals while many critics and publications ranked it as one of the best songs of the year.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ It was recorded in London.", "Hello (Adele song) __knowledge__ \"Hello\" reached number one in almost every country it charted in, including the United Kingdom, where it became her second UK number-one single, following \"Someone like You\", and has the largest opening week sales in three years." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rural area __knowledge__ In general, a rural area or countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities.", "Rural area __knowledge__ The Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services defines the word \"rural\" as encompassing \"...all population, housing, and territory not included within an urban area.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Whatever is not urban is considered rural.\"", "Rural area __knowledge__ Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Agricultural areas are commonly rural, as are other types of areas such as forest.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Different countries have varying definitions of \"rural\" for statistical and administrative purposes.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development defines a \"predominantly rural region\" as having more than 50% of the population living in rural communities where a \"rural community\" has a population density less than 150 people per square kilometre.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the census division has been used to represent \"regions\" and census consolidated sub-divisions have been used to represent \"communities\".", "Rural area __knowledge__ Intermediate regions have 15 to 49 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Predominantly urban regions have less than 15 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ The global storm activity of 2010 includes major meteorological events in the Earth's atmosphere during the year, including winter storms (blizzards, ice storms, European windstorms), hailstorms, out of season monsoon rain storms, extratropical cyclones, gales, microbursts, flooding, rainstorms, tropical cyclones, and other severe weather events.", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ The thunderstorm season for the Northern Hemisphere began near spring, beginning on March 1, and ending on August 31.", "Global storm activity of 2010 __knowledge__ Fresh overnight snowfall on New Year's Eve and New Year's Day caused disruption in north east England, with roads across Northumberland, Tyne and Wear, County Durham and Teesside affected.", "Marlborough, Connecticut __knowledge__ Marlborough is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States.", "Marlborough, Connecticut __knowledge__ It contains the census-designated place (CDP) of Terramuggus.", "Marlborough, Connecticut __knowledge__ The town's population was 6,404 at the 2010 census.", "Marlborough, Connecticut __knowledge__ Marlborough is an upper class suburban and rural community.", "Marlborough, Connecticut __knowledge__ The local high school is RHAM High School.", "Marlborough, Connecticut __knowledge__ In 2013, Marlborough ranked third (of 24) in \"Connecticut Magazine's\" biannual ranking of Connecticut small towns, median home sale price between $175,000 and $224,999.", "Marlborough, Connecticut __knowledge__ Educationally, RHAM High School, which serves Marlborough, Hebron, and Andover students, was the top-ranked regional high school in the state on the SAT in 2017, and 11th highest-performing school in the state on the test.", "Passi, Iloilo __knowledge__ ', officially the ', (; ; ) and often referred to as Passi City, is a in the province of , .", "Passi, Iloilo __knowledge__ According to the , it has a population of people.", "Passi, Iloilo __knowledge__ It has a total land area of , making up 5.39% of the provincial land area of Iloilo.", "Passi, Iloilo __knowledge__ Its relatively flat land stretches alongside the Jalaur and Lamunan Rivers.", "Passi, Iloilo __knowledge__ Mountainous areas are found along the northern part of the city.", "Passi, Iloilo __knowledge__ Passi is a rice, pineapple, and sugar-rich area and the only component city and the largest in the Province of Iloilo in terms of land area and income and second in population after Oton.", "Passi, Iloilo __knowledge__ It is popularly known with its slogan \"\"The Sweet City at The Heart of Panay\"\" due to its vast pineapple plantations and annual output in fruit production.", "Sri Petaling __knowledge__ Sri Petaling (also known as Bandar Baru Sri Petaling) is a suburb of Kuala Lumpur, in Malaysia.", "Sri Petaling __knowledge__ It is located to the south of the city, in the constituency of Seputeh, and is located near Happy Garden, Kuchai Lama and Bukit Jalil.", "Sri Petaling __knowledge__ Sri Petaling has easy access to the Government departments in Putrajaya, which is the administrative capital of Malaysia, to Cyberjaya and to Kuala Lumpur International Airport.", "Sri Petaling __knowledge__ Sepang International Circuit (venue for the Formula One Malaysian Grand Prix) is only twenty-five minutes away, Kuala Lumpur city centre, Petaling Jaya, Subang Jaya, Damansara and Puchong, is 15 minutes away whereas the Shah Alam is 20 minutes away by modern transport, and the royal town of Klang is 45 minutes away.", "Lào Cai Province __knowledge__ Lào Cai (), is a province of the mountainous Northwest region of Vietnam bordering the province of Yunnan in China.", "Lào Cai Province __knowledge__ The province covers an area of 6,383.9 square kilometres and as of 2008 it had a population of 602,300 people.", "Lào Cai Province __knowledge__ Lào Cai and Sa Pa are two important cities within the province at the border with China; the former is well known as key trading post and the latter is hill station famous for tourism, in the Northwest region of Vietnam.", "Lào Cai Province __knowledge__ Lào Cai is also the capital of Lào Cai Province and shares border with the city of Hekou, in the Yunnan province of Southwest China.", "Lào Cai Province __knowledge__ This border town was closed after the 1979 war with China, since reopened in 1993, has become a major tourist centre between Hanoi, Sa Pa and Kunming (China).", "Muhammad al-Durrah incident __knowledge__ The Muhammad al-Durrah incident took place in the Gaza Strip on 30 September 2000, on the second day of the Second Intifada, during widespread rioting throughout the Palestinian territories.", "Muhammad al-Durrah incident __knowledge__ Jamal al-Durrah and his 12-year-old son, Muhammad, were filmed by Talal Abu Rahma, a Palestinian cameraman freelancing for France 2, as they were caught in crossfire between Israeli and Palestinian security forces.", "Muhammad al-Durrah incident __knowledge__ The footage shows the pair crouching behind a concrete cylinder, the boy crying and the father waving, then a burst of gunfire and dust, after which the boy is seen slumped across his father's legs.", "2011–12 Anorthosis Famagusta F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2011–12 season is the 101st season in Anorthosis Famagusta FC history and their 63rd consecutive season in Cypriot First Division, the top division of Cyprus football.", "2011–12 Anorthosis Famagusta F.C. season __knowledge__ It covers a period from 1 July 2011 to 30 May 2012.", "2011–12 Anorthosis Famagusta F.C. season __knowledge__ Anorthosis Famagusta began the season in Second qualifying round of Europa League.", "2011–12 Anorthosis Famagusta F.C. season __knowledge__ Anorthosis faced the cup winner of Georgian for the season 2010-11, Gagra Georgia, On the first match Anorthosis Famagusta defeat the Georgian club 3-0 in Andonis Papadopoulos stadium, with mvp the first scorer in European competition Jan Rezek.", "2011–12 Anorthosis Famagusta F.C. season __knowledge__ After a very bad game Anorthosis Famagusta defeated 2-0 at home of gagra, after some mistakes of the goalkeeper Matúš Kozáčik especially at the first goal.", "Quincy, Washington __knowledge__ Quincy is a city in Grant County, Washington, United States.", "Quincy, Washington __knowledge__ The population was 6,750 at the 2010 census.", "Quincy, Washington __knowledge__ The Missoula Floods had their outlet at Trinidad, close to Quincy.", "Quincy, Washington __knowledge__ Glacial erratics carried from as far away as Montana can be found nearby.", "Quincy, Washington __knowledge__ The area also has an abundance of rimrock.", "Quincy, Washington __knowledge__ Quincy was founded as a railroad camp during construction of the Great Northern Railway in 1892, and was incorporated on March 27, 1907.", "Quincy, Washington __knowledge__ It was named after Quincy, Illinois.", "Quincy, Washington __knowledge__ The arrival of the water from the Grand Coulee Dam in 1952 changed the town.", "Quincy, Washington __knowledge__ Quincy is located at (47.233691, −119.852296).", "Quincy, Washington __knowledge__ According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which, is land and is water.", "Bunde, Minnesota __knowledge__ Bunde is an unincorporated community located in Chippewa County, Minnesota, United States, and can be found about 100 miles straight west of Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Bunde, Minnesota __knowledge__ The town was founded by W.D.", "Bunde, Minnesota __knowledge__ Ammermann.", "Bunde, Minnesota __knowledge__ In 1887, W.D.", "Bunde, Minnesota __knowledge__ moved to Minnesota from Bunde, Germany, which was in the Rheiderland District.", "Bunde, Minnesota __knowledge__ He originally wanted to name the township in which he settled after Bunde, Germany, but it didn’t stick.", "Bunde, Minnesota __knowledge__ So he instead named the township after the district in Germany where he was from.", "Bunde, Minnesota __knowledge__ He then built a church and named it Bunde Christian Reformed Church.", "Bunde, Minnesota __knowledge__ Bunde is located 100 miles west of Minneapolis.", "Vian, Oklahoma __knowledge__ Vian is a town in Sequoyah County, Oklahoma, United States.", "Vian, Oklahoma __knowledge__ It is part of the Fort Smith, Arkansas-Oklahoma Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "Vian, Oklahoma __knowledge__ The population was 1,466 at the 2010 census, a 7.6 percent gain from 1,362 at the 2000 census.", "Vian, Oklahoma __knowledge__ It was named for Big Vian and Little Vian Creeks.", "Vian, Oklahoma __knowledge__ Nearby tourist attractions include Lake Tenkiller, Lake Robert S. Kerr and Sequoyah National Wildlife Refuge.", "Vian, Oklahoma __knowledge__ Vian began as a trading post where the primary goods were meat-related, between Big Vian and Little Vian Creeks in the Cherokee Nation.", "Vian, Oklahoma __knowledge__ When a post office was established in 1886, the first postmaster, Mahala Thompson, wanted to name the town Round Mountain, but the name was already in use and was thus rejected.", "Shepton Mallet __knowledge__ Shepton Mallet is a town and civil parish in the Mendip district of Somerset in South West England.", "Shepton Mallet __knowledge__ Situated approximately south of Bristol and east of Wells, the town is estimated to have a population of 10,369.", "Shepton Mallet __knowledge__ It contains the administrative headquarters of Mendip District Council.", "Shepton Mallet __knowledge__ The Mendip Hills lie to the north, and the River Sheppey runs through the town.", "Shepton Mallet __knowledge__ Shepton Mallet lies on the route of the Fosse Way, the principal Roman road into the south west of England, and there is evidence of Roman settlement.", "Shepton Mallet __knowledge__ The town contains a fine parish church and a considerable number of listed buildings.", "Oxford, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Oxford is a borough in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States.", "Oxford, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Oxford is the closest town to Lincoln University.", "Oxford, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The population was 5,077 at the 2010 census.", "Oxford, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The borough was once called Oxford Crossing and Oxford Village.", "Oxford, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Oxford is located near the half-way point on the main road from Philadelphia to Baltimore.", "Oxford, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The owner of the stage between the two cities purchased Hood's Tavern and renamed it Oxford Hotel.", "Oxford, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ It became the stopping point on the two-day trip between the two cities.", "Oxford, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ In 1833, Oxford was officially incorporated as a borough.", "Oxford, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Its first burgess (now called the mayor) was Thomas Alexander, who operated a general store thought to be the oldest building in Oxford.", "Scotton, Richmondshire __knowledge__ Scotton is a village, civil parish and electoral ward in the Richmondshire district of North Yorkshire, England.", "Scotton, Richmondshire __knowledge__ The civil parish includes the centre and south of Catterick Garrison.", "Scotton, Richmondshire __knowledge__ The village lies in the south of the civil parish, and is effectively a suburb of Catterick Garrison.", "Scotton, Richmondshire __knowledge__ The village of Scotton is located miles south west of Catterick village.", "Scotton, Richmondshire __knowledge__ In the 1870s, John Marius Wilson's \"Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales\" described Scotton like this: The township became a separate civil parish in 1866.", "Scotton, Richmondshire __knowledge__ Scotton is now categorised as being a 'small town surrounded by inhabited countryside' by the Office for National Statistics.", "John Day Dam __knowledge__ The John Day Dam is a concrete gravity run-of-the-river dam spanning the Columbia River in the northwestern United States.", "John Day Dam __knowledge__ The dam features a navigation lock plus fish ladders on both sides.", "John Day Dam __knowledge__ The John Day Lock has the highest lift (110 feet) of any U.S. lock.", "John Day Dam __knowledge__ The reservoir impounded by the dam is Lake Umatilla, and it runs 76.4 miles (123 kilometers) up the river channel to the foot of the McNary Dam.", "John Day Dam __knowledge__ John Day Dam is part of the Columbia River Basin system of dams.", "John Day Dam __knowledge__ John Day Dam is located 28 miles (45 km) east of the city of The Dalles, Oregon, and just below the mouth of the John Day River.", "John Day Dam __knowledge__ The closest town on the Washington side is Goldendale, 20 miles (32 km) north." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rural area __knowledge__ In general, a rural area or countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities.", "Rural area __knowledge__ The Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services defines the word \"rural\" as encompassing \"...all population, housing, and territory not included within an urban area.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Whatever is not urban is considered rural.\"", "Rural area __knowledge__ Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Agricultural areas are commonly rural, as are other types of areas such as forest.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Different countries have varying definitions of \"rural\" for statistical and administrative purposes.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development defines a \"predominantly rural region\" as having more than 50% of the population living in rural communities where a \"rural community\" has a population density less than 150 people per square kilometre.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the census division has been used to represent \"regions\" and census consolidated sub-divisions have been used to represent \"communities\".", "Rural area __knowledge__ Intermediate regions have 15 to 49 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Predominantly urban regions have less than 15 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ All Creatures Great and Small is a British television series based on the books of the British veterinary surgeon Alf Wight, who wrote under the pseudonym James Herriot.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ In 1977, the BBC tasked producer Bill Sellars with the creation of a television series from Herriot's first two novels, \"If Only They Could Talk\" and \"It Shouldn't Happen to a Vet\", using the title of the 1975 film adaptation.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ The Herriot novels were written in an episodic style, with each chapter generally containing a short story within the ongoing narrative of Herriot's life.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ This format greatly facilitated their adaptation for a television series.", "Edward Bradley (writer) __knowledge__ Edward Bradley (25 March 1827 – 12 December 1889) was an English clergyman and novelist.", "Edward Bradley (writer) __knowledge__ He was born in Kidderminster and educated at Durham University from which he took his pen name Cuthbert M. Bede, B.A.", "Edward Bradley (writer) __knowledge__ His most popular book was \"The Adventures of Mr. Verdant Green\", on the experiences of an Oxford undergraduate.", "Edward Bradley (writer) __knowledge__ There was a sequel, \"Little Mr Bouncer and his friend Verdant Green\".", "Edward Bradley (writer) __knowledge__ \"Tales of College Life\" (often bound with it), introduces the character of \"Mr Affable Canary\".", "Edward Bradley (writer) __knowledge__ The celebrated illustrations to the Verdant Green books were the work of the author.", "Edward Bradley (writer) __knowledge__ He was the second son of Thomas Bradley, surgeon of Kidderminster, who came of a somewhat ancient Worcestershire and clerical family.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "2011 Super Outbreak __knowledge__ The 2011 Super Outbreak was the largest, costliest, and one of the deadliest tornado outbreaks ever recorded, affecting the Southern, Midwestern, and Northeastern United States and leaving catastrophic destruction in its wake.", "2011 Super Outbreak __knowledge__ The event affected Alabama and Mississippi the most severely, but it also produced destructive tornadoes in Arkansas, Georgia, Tennessee and Virginia, and affected many other areas throughout the Southern and Eastern United States.", "2011 Super Outbreak __knowledge__ In total, 362 tornadoes were confirmed by NOAA's National Weather Service (NWS) and Government of Canada's Environment Canada in 21 states from Texas to New York to southern Canada.", "XTC __knowledge__ XTC were an English rock band formed in Swindon in 1972 and active until 2006.", "XTC __knowledge__ Led by songwriters Andy Partridge and Colin Moulding, the band gained popularity during the rise of punk and new wave in the 1970s, later playing in a variety of styles that ranged from angular guitar riffs to elaborately arranged pop.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partly because the group did not fit into contemporary trends, they failed to maintain commercial success in the UK and US.", "XTC __knowledge__ They have since attracted a considerable cult following, and are recognised for their influence on Britpop and later power pop acts.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partridge (guitar, vocals) and Moulding (bass, vocals) met at a record store in the early 1970s and subsequently formed a glitter rock outfit with drummer Terry Chambers.", "Julianne Regan __knowledge__ Julie-Ann (Julianne) Regan (born 30 June 1962) is an English/Irish singer, songwriter and musician.", "Julianne Regan __knowledge__ She achieved success in the late 1980s as the lead singer of the band All About Eve.", "Julianne Regan __knowledge__ AllMusic describe Regan as \"certainly one of the more talented singers of the late eighties British goth rock scene\".", "Julianne Regan __knowledge__ Julianne Regan was born in Coventry to a working class Catholic family of Irish and English descent.", "Julianne Regan __knowledge__ She has a younger sister, Lise.", "Julianne Regan __knowledge__ At the age of 15 she was given a Woolworths electric guitar by a male cousin and was forced to teach herself.", "Julianne Regan __knowledge__ Regan moved to London at the age of 19 and found work as a journalist for music magazine ZigZag, while also studying at the London College of Fashion.", "The Adventures of Mr. Verdant Green __knowledge__ The Adventures of Mr. Verdant Green is a novel by Cuthbert M. Bede, a pseudonym of Edward Bradley (1827–1889).", "The Adventures of Mr. Verdant Green __knowledge__ It covers the exploits of Mr Verdant Green a first year undergraduate at Oxford University.", "The Adventures of Mr. Verdant Green __knowledge__ Different editions have varying titles, including \"Mr Verdant Green: Adventures of an Oxford Freshman\".", "The Adventures of Mr. Verdant Green __knowledge__ The same characters reappear in a sequel entitled \"Little Mr Bouncer and his friend Verdant Green\".", "The Adventures of Mr. Verdant Green __knowledge__ The work was first published in three separate parts, in soft covers, by James Blackwood, during the 1850s (1853, 1854 and 1857).", "The Adventures of Mr. Verdant Green __knowledge__ Notices in early copies of the book indicate that they were first intended for sale at railway stations, for reading whilst travelling.", "Catskill Park __knowledge__ The Catskill Park is in the Catskill Mountains in New York in the United States.", "Catskill Park __knowledge__ It consists of of land inside a Blue Line in four counties: Delaware, Greene, Sullivan, and Ulster.", "Catskill Park __knowledge__ As of 2005, or 41 percent of the land within, is owned by the state as part of the Forest Preserve; it is managed by the Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC).", "Catskill Park __knowledge__ Another 5% is owned by New York City to protect four of the city's reservoirs in the region that lie partially within the park and their respective watersheds.", "Catskill Park __knowledge__ There are bobcats, minks and fishers in the preserve, and coyotes are often heard.", "Catskill Park __knowledge__ There are some 400 black bears living in the region.", "Deforestation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo __knowledge__ Deforestation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is a significant transnational issue.", "Deforestation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo __knowledge__ In the DRC, forests are cleared for agricultural purposes by utilizing slash and burn techniques.", "Deforestation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo __knowledge__ Aside from the visible depletion of resources, deforestation of the DRC also leads to a lost habit for the mountain gorilla among other rare species like the okapi, resulting in decreased biodiversity, soil erosion, and contribute to climate change.", "Deforestation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo __knowledge__ Since 1990, the rate of deforestation in the DRC has remained constant at 0.20%, which equates to the loss of 311,000 hectares, or roughly 1,200 square miles, annually.", "Forest Legacy Program __knowledge__ The Forest Legacy Program was established in the 1990 Farm Bill to protect environmentally important forest lands that are threatened by conversion to nonforest uses.", "Forest Legacy Program __knowledge__ It provides federal funding for conservation easements and fee simple purchases.", "Forest Legacy Program __knowledge__ To ascertain and protect environmentally important forest areas that are threatened by conversion to nonforest uses Development of the nation's forested areas poses an increasing threat to maintaining the integrity of our country's valuable forest lands.", "Forest Legacy Program __knowledge__ Intact forest lands supply timber products, wildlife habitat, soil and watershed protection, aesthetics, and recreational opportunities.", "Deforestation in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Deforestation in Ethiopia is due to locals clearing forests for their personal needs, such as for fuel, hunting, agriculture, and at times for religious reasons.", "Deforestation in Ethiopia __knowledge__ The main causes of deforestation in Ethiopia are shifting agriculture, livestock production and fuel in drier areas.", "Deforestation in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Deforestation is the process of removing the forest ecosystem by cutting the trees and changing the shape of the land to suit different uses.", "Deforestation in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Among developing countries, especially in Africa, Ethiopia is exceptionally rich in history, as well as cultural and biological diversity.", "Deforestation in Ethiopia __knowledge__ It is home to one of the earliest ancestors of the human species, around 80 languages are spoken by various ethnic groups, and it is home to two globally important biodiversity hotspots.", "Operation Wallacea __knowledge__ Operation Wallacea (known as Opwall) is an organisation funded by tuition fees that runs a series of biological and conservation management research programmes operating in remote locations across the world.", "Operation Wallacea __knowledge__ These expeditions are designed with specific wildlife conservation aims in mind - from identifying areas needing protection, through to implementing and assessing conservation management programmes.", "Operation Wallacea __knowledge__ What is different about Operation Wallacea is that large teams of university academics, who are specialists in various aspects of biodiversity or social and economic studies, are concentrated at the target study sites giving volunteers the opportunity to work on a range of projects.", "History of the forest in Central Europe __knowledge__ The history of the forest in Central Europe is characterised by thousands of years of exploitation by people.", "History of the forest in Central Europe __knowledge__ Thus a distinction needs to be made between the botanical natural history of the forest in pre- and proto-historical times - which falls mainly into the fields of natural history and Paleobotany - and the onset of the period of sedentary settlement which began at the latest in the Neolithic era in Central Europe - and thus the use of the forest by people, which is covered by the disciplines of history, archaeology cultural studies and ecology.", "History of the forest in Central Europe __knowledge__ The term Central Europe is generally used both geographically and ecologically to describe the area that lies roughly between the North Sea, the Alps, the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can make some educational activities difficult.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Buying fruit, picking clothing, and reading traffic lights can be more challenging, for example.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Problems, however, are generally minor and most people adapt.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ People with total color blindness, however, may also have decreased visual acuity and be uncomfortable in bright environments.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited fault in the development of one or more of the three sets of color sensing cones in the eye." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rural area __knowledge__ In general, a rural area or countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities.", "Rural area __knowledge__ The Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services defines the word \"rural\" as encompassing \"...all population, housing, and territory not included within an urban area.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Whatever is not urban is considered rural.\"", "Rural area __knowledge__ Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Agricultural areas are commonly rural, as are other types of areas such as forest.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Different countries have varying definitions of \"rural\" for statistical and administrative purposes.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development defines a \"predominantly rural region\" as having more than 50% of the population living in rural communities where a \"rural community\" has a population density less than 150 people per square kilometre.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the census division has been used to represent \"regions\" and census consolidated sub-divisions have been used to represent \"communities\".", "Rural area __knowledge__ Intermediate regions have 15 to 49 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Predominantly urban regions have less than 15 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Measure S __knowledge__ Measure S, originally known as the Neighborhood Integrity Initiative, was considered by voters in the city of Los Angeles in the March 7, 2017, election.", "Measure S __knowledge__ It would have imposed a two-year moratorium on development projects seeking variances from some aspects of the city's zoning code, made changes to the environmental impact statement requirements in the code, and required the city to update its comprehensive plan during the moratorium.", "Measure S __knowledge__ The measure failed, with over two-thirds of those who voted on it voting against it.", "Measure S __knowledge__ Proponents said it was necessary to curb high-density development that would have adversely affected the city's suburban character and favored gentrification at the expense of affordable housing.", "Suburb __knowledge__ A suburb is a mixed-use or residential area, existing either as part of a city or urban area or as a separate residential community within commuting distance of a city.", "Suburb __knowledge__ In most English-speaking countries, suburban areas are defined in contrast to central or inner-city areas, but in Australian English and South African English, \"suburb\" has become largely synonymous with what is called a \"neighborhood\" in other countries and the term extends to inner-city areas.", "Suburb __knowledge__ In some areas, such as Australia, China, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and a few U.S. states, new suburbs are routinely annexed by adjacent cities.", "Behenein __knowledge__ Behenein (Hindi: बहनें \"Bahanēn\") (meaning: \"sisters\") was an Indian television soap opera, broadcast on Star Plus channel every weekday at 6:00PM from 8 February 2010 to 29 April 2011.", "Behenein __knowledge__ Initially the show has been telecasted in the prime time slot i.e.", "Behenein __knowledge__ 8:30 pm and then after some time the series was moved to pre-prime slot i.e.", "Behenein __knowledge__ 6 pm .Now the show is also being telecast on STAR Vijay dubbed in Tamil.", "Behenein __knowledge__ The Series has re-aired on Star Utsav in the afternoon slot but it has been pulled down after it completes nearby 50-60 episodes .", "Behenein __knowledge__ This is the story of four sisters, Purva, Smriti, Aakashi and Anokhi who live in Baroda with their parents, Sevantilal and Revti Shastri.", "Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (January–April 2013) __knowledge__ The following is a timeline of the Syrian Civil War from January to April 2013.", "Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (January–April 2013) __knowledge__ Information about aggregated casualty counts is found at Casualties of the Syrian Civil War.", "Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (January–April 2013) __knowledge__ According to Lakhdar Brahimi, a United Nations-Arab League envoy, he told news reporters in Cairo, Egypt that the number of people killed could reach to 100,000, which would mean that 2013 would be the deadliest year of the war.", "Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (January–April 2013) __knowledge__ On New Year's Day, Aleppo International Airport shut down due to rebel attacks.", "Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (January–April 2013) __knowledge__ An anonymous Syrian student at the West Virginia University College of Law in Morgantown, West Virginia and his mother gained asylum in the United States, with assistance from the university.", "Parasite single __knowledge__ The expression \"parasaito shinguru\" was first used by Professor Masahiro Yamada of Tokyo Gakugei University in his bestselling book , published in October 1999.", "Parasite single __knowledge__ The catchy phrase quickly found its way into the media and is now a well-known expression in Japan.", "Parasite single __knowledge__ Professor Yamada subsequently coined the related term \"parasite couple\" to refer to married children living with the parents of one partner.", "Parasite single __knowledge__ However, this situation occurs less frequently and the term \"parasite couples\" is less well known.", "Parasite single __knowledge__ This is a traditional Japanese living arrangement, though its prevalence has decreased in recent years.", "Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (January–April 2012) __knowledge__ The following is a timeline of the Syrian Civil War from January to April 2012, during which time the spate of protests that began in January 2011 lasted into another calendar year.", "Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (January–April 2012) __knowledge__ An Arab League monitoring mission ended in failure as Syrian troops and anti-government militants continued to do battle across the country and the Syrian government prevented foreign observers from touring active battlefields, including besieged opposition strongholds.", "Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (January–April 2012) __knowledge__ A United Nations-backed ceasefire brokered by special envoy Kofi Annan met a similar fate, with unarmed UN peacekeepers' movements tightly controlled by the government and fighting.", "Silverton, Ohio __knowledge__ Silverton is a village in Hamilton County, Ohio, United States.", "Silverton, Ohio __knowledge__ The village was formed out of Columbia and Sycamore townships, but withdrew from both and formed a paper township.", "Silverton, Ohio __knowledge__ The population was 4,788 at the 2010 census.", "Silverton, Ohio __knowledge__ Silverton is located at (39.191160, -84.402762).", "Silverton, Ohio __knowledge__ According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of , all land.", "Silverton, Ohio __knowledge__ As of the census of 2010, there were 4,788 people, 2,404 households, and 1,131 families residing in the village.", "Silverton, Ohio __knowledge__ The population decrease to below 5,000 reverted Silverton's legal designation to village instead of city.", "Silverton, Ohio __knowledge__ The population density was .", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Speed limits in the United States vary depending on jurisdiction, with common in the Western United States and common in the Eastern United States.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ States may also set special speed limits for trucks and night travel along with minimum speed limits.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ The highest speed limit in the country is , which is posted on a single stretch of tollway in rural Texas.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ In Alabama, it is illegal to drive at a speed that is not \"reasonable and prudent\" for the current conditions and hazards.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Drivers must also not drive so slowly that they impede the flow of traffic.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ If the speed limit is not otherwise posted, it is: Trucks carrying hazardous materials are not to exceed .", "Urban area __knowledge__ An urban area is a human settlement with high population density and infrastructure of built environment.", "Urban area __knowledge__ Urban areas are created through urbanization and are categorized by urban morphology as cities, towns, conurbations or suburbs.", "Urban area __knowledge__ In urbanism, the term contrasts to rural areas such as villages and hamlets and in urban sociology or urban anthropology it contrasts with natural environment.", "Urban area __knowledge__ The creation of early predecessors of urban areas during the urban revolution led to the creation of human civilization with modern urban planning, which along with other human activities such as exploitation of natural resources leads to human impact on the environment.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ The Gaza War, also known as Operation Cast Lead (), also known as the Gaza Massacre () and the Battle of al-Furqan () by Hamas, was a three-week armed conflict between Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and Israel that began on 27 December 2008 and ended on 18 January 2009 in a unilateral ceasefire.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Israel's stated goal was to stop indiscriminate Palestinian rocket fire into Israel and weapons smuggling into the Gaza strip.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Israeli forces attacked police stations, military targets including weapons caches and suspected rocket firing teams, as well as political and administrative institutions in the opening assault, striking in the densely populated cities of Gaza, Khan Yunis and Rafah.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Alaska () is a U.S. state located in the northwest extremity of North America.", "Alaska __knowledge__ The Canadian administrative divisions of British Columbia and Yukon border the state to the east, its most extreme western part is Attu Island, and it has a maritime border with Russia to the west across the Bering Strait.", "Alaska __knowledge__ To the north are the Chukchi and Beaufort seas–the southern parts of the Arctic Ocean.", "Alaska __knowledge__ The Pacific Ocean lies to the south and southwest.", "Alaska __knowledge__ It is the largest state in the United States by area and the seventh largest subnational division in the world.", "Alaska __knowledge__ In addition, it is the 3rd least populous and the most sparsely populated of the 50 United States; nevertheless, it is by far the most populous territory located mostly north of the 60th parallel in North America, its population (the total estimated at 738,432 by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2015) more than quadrupling the combined populations of Northern Canada and Greenland.", "Tornadoes of 2015 __knowledge__ This page documents notable tornadoes and tornado outbreaks worldwide in 2015.", "Tornadoes of 2015 __knowledge__ Strong and destructive tornadoes form most frequently in the United States, Bangladesh, and Eastern India, but they can occur almost anywhere under the right conditions.", "Tornadoes of 2015 __knowledge__ Tornadoes also develop occasionally in southern Canada during the Northern Hemisphere's summer and somewhat regularly at other times of the year across Europe, Asia, and Australia.", "Tornadoes of 2015 __knowledge__ Tornadic events are often accompanied with other forms of severe weather including strong thunderstorms, winds and hail.", "Tornadoes of 2015 __knowledge__ There were 1,265 tornadoes reported in the United States in 2015 according to the Storm Prediction Center (SPC), of which at least 1,178 have been confirmed.", "Rural poverty __knowledge__ Rural poverty refers to poverty found in rural areas, including factors of rural society, rural economy, and rural political systems that give rise to the poverty found there.", "Rural poverty __knowledge__ Rural poverty is often discussed in conjunction with spatial inequality, which in this context refers to the inequality between urban and rural areas.", "Rural poverty __knowledge__ Both rural poverty and spatial inequality are global phenomena, but like poverty in general, there are higher rates of rural poverty in developing countries than in developed countries.", "Rural poverty __knowledge__ Eradicating rural poverty through effective policies and economic growth remains a challenge for the international community The first target of the Millennium Development Goals was to decrease the extent of extreme poverty by one-half by the year 2015, which could not be achieved." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Rural area __knowledge__ In general, a rural area or countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities.", "Rural area __knowledge__ The Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services defines the word \"rural\" as encompassing \"...all population, housing, and territory not included within an urban area.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Whatever is not urban is considered rural.\"", "Rural area __knowledge__ Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Agricultural areas are commonly rural, as are other types of areas such as forest.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Different countries have varying definitions of \"rural\" for statistical and administrative purposes.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development defines a \"predominantly rural region\" as having more than 50% of the population living in rural communities where a \"rural community\" has a population density less than 150 people per square kilometre.", "Rural area __knowledge__ In Canada, the census division has been used to represent \"regions\" and census consolidated sub-divisions have been used to represent \"communities\".", "Rural area __knowledge__ Intermediate regions have 15 to 49 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Rural area __knowledge__ Predominantly urban regions have less than 15 percent of their population living in a rural community.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Speed limits in the United States vary depending on jurisdiction, with common in the Western United States and common in the Eastern United States.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ States may also set special speed limits for trucks and night travel along with minimum speed limits.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ The highest speed limit in the country is , which is posted on a single stretch of tollway in rural Texas.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ In Alabama, it is illegal to drive at a speed that is not \"reasonable and prudent\" for the current conditions and hazards.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ Drivers must also not drive so slowly that they impede the flow of traffic.", "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction __knowledge__ If the speed limit is not otherwise posted, it is: Trucks carrying hazardous materials are not to exceed .", "Education in China __knowledge__ Education in China is a state-run system of public education run by the Ministry of Education.", "Education in China __knowledge__ All citizens must attend school for at least nine years, known as the nine-year compulsory education, which the government funds.", "Education in China __knowledge__ It includes six years of primary education, starting at age six or seven, and three years of junior secondary education (junior middle school) for ages 12 to 15.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Some provinces may have five years of primary school but four years for junior middle school.", "Education in China __knowledge__ After junior middle school, there are three years of senior middle school, which then completes the secondary education.", "Poverty in China __knowledge__ In China today, poverty refers mainly to the rural poor, as decades of economic growth has largely eradicated urban poverty.", "Poverty in China __knowledge__ The dramatic progress in reducing poverty over the past three decades in China is well known.", "Poverty in China __knowledge__ According to the World Bank, more than 500 million people were lifted out of extreme poverty as China’s poverty rate fell from 88 percent in 1981 to 6.5 percent in 2012, as measured by the percentage of people living on the equivalent of US$1.90 or less per day in 2011 purchasing price parity terms.", "Poverty in China __knowledge__ Since the start of far-reaching economic reforms in the late 1970s, growth has fueled a remarkable increase in per capita income helping to lift more people out of poverty than anywhere else in the world: its per capita income has increased fivefold between 1990 and 2000, from $200 to $1,000.", "Suburb __knowledge__ A suburb is a mixed-use or residential area, existing either as part of a city or urban area or as a separate residential community within commuting distance of a city.", "Suburb __knowledge__ In most English-speaking countries, suburban areas are defined in contrast to central or inner-city areas, but in Australian English and South African English, \"suburb\" has become largely synonymous with what is called a \"neighborhood\" in other countries and the term extends to inner-city areas.", "Suburb __knowledge__ In some areas, such as Australia, China, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and a few U.S. states, new suburbs are routinely annexed by adjacent cities.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ In 4,000 years, China has been a nation of farmers.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ By the time the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, virtually all arable land was under cultivation; irrigation and drainage systems constructed centuries earlier and intensive farming practices already produced relatively high yields.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ But little prime virgin land was available to support population growth and economic development.", "History of agriculture in the People's Republic of China __knowledge__ However, after a decline in production as a result of the Great Leap Forward (1958–60), agricultural reforms implemented in the 1980s increased yields and promised even greater future production from existing cultivated land.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos (, \"Zákynthos\" , ) or Zante (, \"Tzánte\" , ; from Venetian), is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It is the third largest of the Ionian Islands.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a separate regional unit of the Ionian Islands region, and its only municipality.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It covers an area of and its coastline is roughly in length.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ The name, like all similar names ending in -nthos, is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ In Greek mythology the island was said to be named after Zakynthos, the son of a legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a tourist destination, with an international airport served by charter flights from northern Europe.", "Rural poverty __knowledge__ Rural poverty refers to poverty found in rural areas, including factors of rural society, rural economy, and rural political systems that give rise to the poverty found there.", "Rural poverty __knowledge__ Rural poverty is often discussed in conjunction with spatial inequality, which in this context refers to the inequality between urban and rural areas.", "Rural poverty __knowledge__ Both rural poverty and spatial inequality are global phenomena, but like poverty in general, there are higher rates of rural poverty in developing countries than in developed countries.", "Rural poverty __knowledge__ Eradicating rural poverty through effective policies and economic growth remains a challenge for the international community The first target of the Millennium Development Goals was to decrease the extent of extreme poverty by one-half by the year 2015, which could not be achieved.", "Assemblage (composition) __knowledge__ Assemblage refers to a text \"built primarily and explicitly from existing texts to solve a writing or communication problem in a new context\".", "Assemblage (composition) __knowledge__ The concept was first proposed by Johndan Johnson-Eilola (author of \"Datacloud\") and Stuart Selber in the journal \"Computers & Composition\" in 2007.", "Assemblage (composition) __knowledge__ The notion of assemblages builds on remix and remix practices, which blur distinctions between invented and borrowed work.", "Assemblage (composition) __knowledge__ Johnson-Eilola and Selber write that assemblage is influenced by intertextuality and postmodernism.", "Assemblage (composition) __knowledge__ The authors discuss the intertextual nature of writing and assert that participation in existing discourse necessarily means that composition cannot occur separate from that discourse.", "Rural health __knowledge__ In medicine, rural health or rural medicine is the interdisciplinary study of health and health care delivery in rural environments.", "Rural health __knowledge__ The concept of rural health incorporates many fields, including geography, midwifery, nursing, sociology, economics, and telehealth or telemedicine.", "Rural health __knowledge__ Research shows that the healthcare needs of individuals living in rural areas are different from those in urban areas, and rural areas often suffer from a lack of access to healthcare.", "Rural health __knowledge__ These differences are the result of geographic, demographic, socioeconomic, workplace, and personal health factors.", "Rural health __knowledge__ For example, many rural communities have a large proportion of elderly people and children.", "Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (May–August 2012) __knowledge__ The following is a timeline of the Syrian Civil War from May to August 2012.", "Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (May–August 2012) __knowledge__ The majority of death tolls reported for each day comes from the Local Coordination Committees, an opposition activist group based in Syria, and the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, another opposition group based in London.", "Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (May–August 2012) __knowledge__ The Local Coordination Committees of Syria (LCC) reported 45 people were killed, including 18 in a reported massacre in the Idlib province.", "Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (May–August 2012) __knowledge__ Hervé Ladsous, the United Nations (UN) Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations, said that both sides had violated the 12 April ceasefire agreement." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 4, 1, 5 ]

[ "Do you live in the countryside? Where is the closest town? ", "Is there more agrim? culture or forest areas? Or a combination of the", "Not really. Rural areas have a low population density and my suburb is very densely populated. ", "I do enjoy living in the suburbs- but I love to visit rural areas in the countryside! ", "Absolutely- I love being in the forest or even in the countryside with lots of agriculture. " ]

[ "Rural area", "Rural area", "Rural area", "Rural area", "Rural area" ]

[ "Freckle", "No I don't. Some people think that over-exposure to sunlight causes freckles. I guess if you are concerned you can have a biopsy done.", "Yeah, I think the bigger it is the more concern there is. Many people with moles and freckles have nothing to worry about it.", "Well I would talk to a dermatologist about it. I only know what I see on TV and read on the Internet, haha." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles are clusters of concentrated melaninized cells which are most easily visible on people with a fair complexion.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles do not have an increased number of the melanin-producing cells, or melanocytes, but instead have melanocytes that overproduce melanin granules (melanosomes) changing the coloration of the outer skin cells (keratinocytes).", "Freckle __knowledge__ As such, freckles are different from lentigines and moles.", "Freckle __knowledge__ The formation of freckles is triggered by exposure to sunlight.", "Freckle __knowledge__ The exposure to UV-B radiation activates melanocytes to increase melanin production, which can cause freckles to become darker and more visible.", "Freckle __knowledge__ This means that one may have never developed freckles before, but after extended exposure to sunlight, they may suddenly appear.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles are predominantly found on the face, although they may appear on any skin exposed to the sun, such as arms or shoulders.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Heavily distributed concentrations of melanin may cause freckles to multiply and cover an entire area of skin, such as the face.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles are rare on infants, and more commonly found on children before puberty.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Upon exposure to the sun, freckles will reappear if they have been altered with creams or lasers and not protected from the sun, but do fade with age in some cases." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles are clusters of concentrated melaninized cells which are most easily visible on people with a fair complexion.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles do not have an increased number of the melanin-producing cells, or melanocytes, but instead have melanocytes that overproduce melanin granules (melanosomes) changing the coloration of the outer skin cells (keratinocytes).", "Freckle __knowledge__ As such, freckles are different from lentigines and moles.", "Freckle __knowledge__ The formation of freckles is triggered by exposure to sunlight.", "Freckle __knowledge__ The exposure to UV-B radiation activates melanocytes to increase melanin production, which can cause freckles to become darker and more visible.", "Freckle __knowledge__ This means that one may have never developed freckles before, but after extended exposure to sunlight, they may suddenly appear.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles are predominantly found on the face, although they may appear on any skin exposed to the sun, such as arms or shoulders.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Heavily distributed concentrations of melanin may cause freckles to multiply and cover an entire area of skin, such as the face.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles are rare on infants, and more commonly found on children before puberty.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Upon exposure to the sun, freckles will reappear if they have been altered with creams or lasers and not protected from the sun, but do fade with age in some cases.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ Melanoma, also known as malignant melanoma, is a type of cancer that develops from the pigment-containing cells known as melanocytes.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ Melanomas typically occur in the skin, but may rarely occur in the mouth, intestines, or eye.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ In women, they most commonly occur on the legs, while in men they are most common on the back.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ Sometimes they develop from a mole with concerning changes including an increase in size, irregular edges, change in color, itchiness, or skin breakdown.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ The primary cause of melanoma is ultraviolet light (UV) exposure in those with low levels of skin pigment.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ The UV light may be from either the sun or from other sources, such as tanning devices.", "Freckles (novel) __knowledge__ Freckles is a 1904 novel written by the American writer and naturalist Gene Stratton-Porter.", "Freckles (novel) __knowledge__ It is primarily set in the Limberlost Swamp area of Indiana, with brief scenes set in Chicago.", "Freckles (novel) __knowledge__ The title character also appears briefly in Porter's \"A Girl of the Limberlost\".", "Freckles (novel) __knowledge__ The novel is marked by its frequent, detailed, and loving descriptions of the flora and fauna of the wilderness through the eyes of its innocent protagonist.", "Freckles (novel) __knowledge__ The hero is an adult orphan, just under twenty years of age, with bright red hair and a freckled complexion.", "Freckles (novel) __knowledge__ His right hand is missing at the wrist, and has been since before he can remember.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: A Jekyll and Hyde-type who fought Captain Marvel Jr. Based on the Nazi Dictator Adolf Hitler.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Führer of Nazi Germany, he was a member of the Monster Society of Evil.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ He ordered the creation of Captain Nazi, and caused many plots against America and its superheroes.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Like his real-life counterpart, he probably committed suicide with his wife when the Allies were advancing to Berlin.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Only appearing in \"Marvel Family\" #27.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Created by a scientist who thinks if everyone in the world was like him there would be no war.", "Electromagnetic radiation and health __knowledge__ Electromagnetic radiation can be classified into two types: ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation, based on the capability of a single photon with more than 10 eV energy to ionize oxygen or break chemical bonds.", "Electromagnetic radiation and health __knowledge__ Ultraviolet and higher frequencies, such as X-rays or gamma rays are ionizing, and these pose their own special hazards: see \"radiation\" and \"radiation poisoning\".", "Electromagnetic radiation and health __knowledge__ The electric currents that flow through power sockets have associated line-frequency electromagnetic fields.", "Electromagnetic radiation and health __knowledge__ By far the most common health hazard of radiation is sunburn, which causes over one million new skin cancers annually.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver tissue.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Some people have no symptoms whereas others develop yellow discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes, poor appetite, vomiting, tiredness, abdominal pain, or diarrhea.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Hepatitis may be temporary (acute) or long term (chronic) depending on whether it lasts for less than or more than six months.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Acute hepatitis can sometimes resolve on its own, progress to chronic hepatitis, or rarely result in acute liver failure.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ Over time the chronic form may progress to scarring of the liver, liver failure, or liver cancer.", "Hepatitis __knowledge__ The most common cause worldwide is viruses.", "Banana freckle __knowledge__ Banana Freckle is a disease caused by the fungus \"Guignardia musae\" (telomorph) or \"Phyllosticta musarum\" (anamorph).", "Banana freckle __knowledge__ Generally, the causal agent of disease is referred to as Guignardia-Phyllosticta sp.", "Banana freckle __knowledge__ There are several different strains of the fungus that exist to infect different banana varieties around the globe.", "Banana freckle __knowledge__ Symptoms include yellowing of the tissue and formation of small dark brown spots on the leaves and fruit.", "Banana freckle __knowledge__ Within the spots, conidia or pycnidia can be found.", "Banana freckle __knowledge__ Banana Freckle is easily propagated and spread from plant to plant by rain splash and movement of infected tissue or fruit.", "Banana freckle __knowledge__ Management of the disease consists of cutting out infected leaves, the paper bag method, fungicide application, and proper sanitation techniques.", "Freckle Juice __knowledge__ Freckle Juice () is a 1971 children's chapter book by Judy Blume with illustrations by Sonia O. Lisker.", "Freckle Juice __knowledge__ It is about a second grade student who wants to have freckles.", "Freckle Juice __knowledge__ Andrew desperately wants to have freckles, so that his mother will never notice when his neck is dirty.", "Freckle Juice __knowledge__ He buys a recipe from a classmate for a horrible concoction called freckle juice that is supposed to cause a person to get freckles.", "Freckle Juice __knowledge__ It just makes him sick, however, causing his mother to think he has appendicitis.", "Freckle Juice __knowledge__ The next day, he gives himself freckles with a blue magic marker, but soon regrets it and is relieved when his teacher gives him a \"magic freckle remover\".", "Freckles and His Friends __knowledge__ Freckles and his Friends was an American comic strip set in the peaceful small town of Shadyside where young Freckles McGoosey and his friends lived.", "Freckles and His Friends __knowledge__ Although the long-running strip, created by Merrill Blosser, is remembered for its continuing storyline involving a group of teenagers, it originally featured a child at the age of six or seven in gag-a-day situations.", "Freckles and His Friends __knowledge__ Illustrated by Blosser and later by Henry Formhals (1908-1981), \"Freckles and His Friends\" was ghostwritten by Fred Fox (1903-1981).", "Freckles and His Friends __knowledge__ A gagwriter for Groucho Marx and Judy Canova, Fox scripted for radio, television and films.", "Freckles and His Friends __knowledge__ Widely syndicated by Newspaper Enterprise Association, \"Freckles and His Friends\" had a long run through much of the 20th Century." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles are clusters of concentrated melaninized cells which are most easily visible on people with a fair complexion.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles do not have an increased number of the melanin-producing cells, or melanocytes, but instead have melanocytes that overproduce melanin granules (melanosomes) changing the coloration of the outer skin cells (keratinocytes).", "Freckle __knowledge__ As such, freckles are different from lentigines and moles.", "Freckle __knowledge__ The formation of freckles is triggered by exposure to sunlight.", "Freckle __knowledge__ The exposure to UV-B radiation activates melanocytes to increase melanin production, which can cause freckles to become darker and more visible.", "Freckle __knowledge__ This means that one may have never developed freckles before, but after extended exposure to sunlight, they may suddenly appear.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles are predominantly found on the face, although they may appear on any skin exposed to the sun, such as arms or shoulders.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Heavily distributed concentrations of melanin may cause freckles to multiply and cover an entire area of skin, such as the face.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles are rare on infants, and more commonly found on children before puberty.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Upon exposure to the sun, freckles will reappear if they have been altered with creams or lasers and not protected from the sun, but do fade with age in some cases.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "Freckles (novel) __knowledge__ Freckles is a 1904 novel written by the American writer and naturalist Gene Stratton-Porter.", "Freckles (novel) __knowledge__ It is primarily set in the Limberlost Swamp area of Indiana, with brief scenes set in Chicago.", "Freckles (novel) __knowledge__ The title character also appears briefly in Porter's \"A Girl of the Limberlost\".", "Freckles (novel) __knowledge__ The novel is marked by its frequent, detailed, and loving descriptions of the flora and fauna of the wilderness through the eyes of its innocent protagonist.", "Freckles (novel) __knowledge__ The hero is an adult orphan, just under twenty years of age, with bright red hair and a freckled complexion.", "Freckles (novel) __knowledge__ His right hand is missing at the wrist, and has been since before he can remember.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: A Jekyll and Hyde-type who fought Captain Marvel Jr. Based on the Nazi Dictator Adolf Hitler.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Führer of Nazi Germany, he was a member of the Monster Society of Evil.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ He ordered the creation of Captain Nazi, and caused many plots against America and its superheroes.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Like his real-life counterpart, he probably committed suicide with his wife when the Allies were advancing to Berlin.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Only appearing in \"Marvel Family\" #27.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Created by a scientist who thinks if everyone in the world was like him there would be no war.", "Melanocytic nevus __knowledge__ A melanocytic nevus (also known as \"nevocytic nevus\" or \"nevus-cell nevus\") is a type of lesion that contains nevus cells (a type of melanocyte).", "Melanocytic nevus __knowledge__ Some sources equate the term mole with \"melanocytic nevus\".", "Melanocytic nevus __knowledge__ Other sources reserve the term \"mole\" for other purposes.", "Melanocytic nevus __knowledge__ The majority of moles appear during the first two decades of a person's life, with about one in every 100 babies being born with moles.", "Melanocytic nevus __knowledge__ Acquired moles are a form of benign neoplasm, while congenital moles, or congenital nevi, are considered a minor malformation or hamartoma and may be at a higher risk for melanoma.", "Melanocytic nevus __knowledge__ A mole can be either subdermal (under the skin) or a pigmented growth on the skin, formed mostly of a type of cell known as a melanocyte.", "Freckles and His Friends __knowledge__ Freckles and his Friends was an American comic strip set in the peaceful small town of Shadyside where young Freckles McGoosey and his friends lived.", "Freckles and His Friends __knowledge__ Although the long-running strip, created by Merrill Blosser, is remembered for its continuing storyline involving a group of teenagers, it originally featured a child at the age of six or seven in gag-a-day situations.", "Freckles and His Friends __knowledge__ Illustrated by Blosser and later by Henry Formhals (1908-1981), \"Freckles and His Friends\" was ghostwritten by Fred Fox (1903-1981).", "Freckles and His Friends __knowledge__ A gagwriter for Groucho Marx and Judy Canova, Fox scripted for radio, television and films.", "Freckles and His Friends __knowledge__ Widely syndicated by Newspaper Enterprise Association, \"Freckles and His Friends\" had a long run through much of the 20th Century.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ Melanoma, also known as malignant melanoma, is a type of cancer that develops from the pigment-containing cells known as melanocytes.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ Melanomas typically occur in the skin, but may rarely occur in the mouth, intestines, or eye.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ In women, they most commonly occur on the legs, while in men they are most common on the back.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ Sometimes they develop from a mole with concerning changes including an increase in size, irregular edges, change in color, itchiness, or skin breakdown.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ The primary cause of melanoma is ultraviolet light (UV) exposure in those with low levels of skin pigment.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ The UV light may be from either the sun or from other sources, such as tanning devices.", "Epigenetics and melanoma __knowledge__ Melanoma is a rare but aggressive malignant cancer that originates from melanocytes.", "Epigenetics and melanoma __knowledge__ These melanocytes are cells found in the basal layer of the epidermis that produce melanin under the control of melanocyte-stimulating hormone.", "Epigenetics and melanoma __knowledge__ Despite the fact that melanoma represents only a small number of all skin cancers, it is the cause of more than 50% of cancer-related deaths.", "Epigenetics and melanoma __knowledge__ The high metastatic qualities and death rate, and also its prevalence among people of younger ages have caused melanoma to become a highly researched malignant cancer.", "Epigenetics and melanoma __knowledge__ Epigenetic modifications are suspected to influence the emergence of many types of cancer-related diseases, and are also suspected to have a role in the development of melanoma.", "Cancer __knowledge__ Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.", "Cancer __knowledge__ These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread to other parts of the body.", "Cancer __knowledge__ Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel movements.", "Cancer __knowledge__ While these symptoms may indicate cancer, they may have other causes.", "Cancer __knowledge__ Over 100 types of cancers affect humans.", "Cancer __knowledge__ Tobacco use is the cause of about 22% of cancer deaths.", "Cancer __knowledge__ Another 10% are due to obesity, poor diet, lack of physical activity, and excessive drinking of alcohol.", "Skin cancer __knowledge__ Skin cancers are cancers that arise from the skin.", "Skin cancer __knowledge__ They are due to the development of abnormal cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body.", "Skin cancer __knowledge__ There are three main types of skin cancers: basal-cell skin cancer (BCC), squamous-cell skin cancer (SCC) and melanoma.", "Skin cancer __knowledge__ The first two, along with a number of less common skin cancers, are known as nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC).", "Skin cancer __knowledge__ Basal-cell cancer grows slowly and can damage the tissue around it but is unlikely to spread to distant areas or result in death.", "Skin cancer __knowledge__ It often appears as a painless raised area of skin, that may be shiny with small blood vessel running over it or may present as a raised area with an ulcer.", "Cancer immunotherapy __knowledge__ Cancer immunotherapy (Immuno-oncology or Onco-immunology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer.", "Cancer immunotherapy __knowledge__ Immunotherapies can be categorized as active, passive or hybrid (active and passive).", "Cancer immunotherapy __knowledge__ These approaches exploit the fact that cancer cells often have molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system, known as tumour-associated antigens (TAAs); they are often proteins or other macromolecules (e.g.", "Cancer immunotherapy __knowledge__ carbohydrates).", "Cancer immunotherapy __knowledge__ Active immunotherapy directs the immune system to attack tumor cells by targeting TAAs.", "Cancer immunotherapy __knowledge__ Passive immunotherapies enhance existing anti-tumor responses and include the use of monoclonal antibodies, lymphocytes and cytokines.", "Lymphotoxin alpha __knowledge__ Lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-α) or tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF-β) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the \"LTA\" gene.", "Lymphotoxin alpha __knowledge__ Belonging to the hematopoietic cell line, LT-α exhibits anti-proliferative activity and causes the cellular destruction of tumor cell lines.", "Lymphotoxin alpha __knowledge__ As a cytotoxic protein, LT-α performs a variety of important roles in immune regulation depending on the form that it is secreted as.", "Lymphotoxin alpha __knowledge__ In other words, LT-α has both a membrane-bound and soluble form that perform distinct roles in immune regulation.", "Lymphotoxin alpha __knowledge__ LT-α has a significant impact on the maintenance of the immune system including the development of secondary lymphoid organs.", "Radiation therapy __knowledge__ Radiation therapy or radiotherapy, often abbreviated RT, RTx, or XRT, is therapy using ionizing radiation, generally as part of cancer treatment to control or kill malignant cells and normally delivered by a linear accelerator.", "Radiation therapy __knowledge__ Radiation therapy may be curative in a number of types of cancer if they are localized to one area of the body.", "Radiation therapy __knowledge__ It may also be used as part of adjuvant therapy, to prevent tumor recurrence after surgery to remove a primary malignant tumor (for example, early stages of breast cancer).", "Radiation therapy __knowledge__ Radiation therapy is synergistic with chemotherapy, and has been used before, during, and after chemotherapy in susceptible cancers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles are clusters of concentrated melaninized cells which are most easily visible on people with a fair complexion.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles do not have an increased number of the melanin-producing cells, or melanocytes, but instead have melanocytes that overproduce melanin granules (melanosomes) changing the coloration of the outer skin cells (keratinocytes).", "Freckle __knowledge__ As such, freckles are different from lentigines and moles.", "Freckle __knowledge__ The formation of freckles is triggered by exposure to sunlight.", "Freckle __knowledge__ The exposure to UV-B radiation activates melanocytes to increase melanin production, which can cause freckles to become darker and more visible.", "Freckle __knowledge__ This means that one may have never developed freckles before, but after extended exposure to sunlight, they may suddenly appear.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles are predominantly found on the face, although they may appear on any skin exposed to the sun, such as arms or shoulders.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Heavily distributed concentrations of melanin may cause freckles to multiply and cover an entire area of skin, such as the face.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Freckles are rare on infants, and more commonly found on children before puberty.", "Freckle __knowledge__ Upon exposure to the sun, freckles will reappear if they have been altered with creams or lasers and not protected from the sun, but do fade with age in some cases.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ The following is list of characters the appear in the cartoon series, \"Generator Rex\".", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Ricardo \"Rex\" Salazar is a young human-looking E.V.O, but unlike other E.V.O.s, Rex has the ability to control his nanites at will, allowing him to cure other E.V.O.s of their mutations and use his nanites to create a variety of machines on his body and communicate with a variety of machines.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ Rex is overconfident, impulsive, and typically, rebellious.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He has a quick wit and is constantly making jokes.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ However, when Rex needs to defend himself, he doesn't hold back.", "List of Generator Rex characters __knowledge__ He prefers to smash anything that gets in his way.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton served as the 67th United States Secretary of State, under President Barack Obama, from 2009 to 2013, overseeing the department that conducted the Foreign policy of Barack Obama.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ She was preceded in office by Condoleezza Rice, and succeeded by John Kerry.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ She is also the only former First Lady of the United States to become a member of the United States Cabinet.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Within a week after the November 4, 2008, presidential election, President-elect Obama and Clinton discussed over telephone the possibility of her serving as U.S. Secretary of State in his administration.", "Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State __knowledge__ Clinton later related, \"He said I want you to be my secretary of state.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Dennis Michael Miller (born November 3, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian, talk show host, political commentator, sports commentator, actor, and television and radio personality.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He rose as a cast member of \"Saturday Night Live\" in 1985, and subsequently hosted a string of his own talk shows on HBO, CNBC, and in syndication.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ From 2007 to 2015, Miller hosted a daily, three-hour, self-titled talk radio program, nationally syndicated by Westwood One.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ He is known for his critical assessments of current events, laced with pop culture references and delivered in an idiosyncratic verbal style.", "Dennis Miller __knowledge__ Miller is listed as 21st on Comedy Central's 100 greatest stand up comedians of all time, and was ranked as the best host of SNL's \"Weekend Update\" by Vulture.com.", "Bill Downs __knowledge__ William Randall Downs, Jr. (August 17, 1914 – May 3, 1978) was an American broadcast journalist and war correspondent.", "Bill Downs __knowledge__ He worked for CBS News from 1942 to 1962 and for ABC News beginning in 1963.", "Bill Downs __knowledge__ He was best known for his work with Edward R. Murrow as one of the original Murrow Boys.", "Bill Downs __knowledge__ Downs reported from both the Eastern and Western fronts during World War II, and was the first to deliver a live broadcast from Normandy to the United States after D-Day.", "Bill Downs __knowledge__ After the surrender in Europe, he joined a press party that toured Asia in the months leading up to the end of the Pacific War.", "Bill Downs __knowledge__ He entered Tokyo with Allied occupation forces and covered the Japanese surrender, and was among the first Americans in Hiroshima and Nagasaki after the atomic bombings.", "Technological and industrial history of 21st-century Canada __knowledge__ The technological and industrial history of Canada encompasses the country's development in the areas of transportation, communication, energy, materials, public works, public services (health care), domestic/consumer and defense technologies.", "Technological and industrial history of 21st-century Canada __knowledge__ The 21st century has become the Internet Age is way both literal and metaphorical.", "Technological and industrial history of 21st-century Canada __knowledge__ The technology that dominates this period of time is wireless technology, cloud computing, HD/3D TV, mega oil, \"greentech\" and nanotechnology.", "Technological and industrial history of 21st-century Canada __knowledge__ Most technologies diffused in Canada came from other places; only a small number actually originated in Canada.", "Technological and industrial history of 21st-century Canada __knowledge__ For more about those with a Canadian origin, see Invention in Canada.", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Running Man Brothers is a South Korean pop duo, which is named after the South Korean television show \"Running Man\".", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ The group is composed of cast members Kim Jong-kook and Haha and was formed in 2014.", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Kim and Haha are regular cast members on the variety show \"Running Man\", which started airing in 2010, and they have been called it's favorite \"duo.\"", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Although Yoo Jae-suk is the star of the show, Kim and Haha have been written of as the \"spice\" of the show, with references to Kim's \"boyish likeability, upbeat personality and masculinity\" and Haha for \"his insatiable sense of humor and free spirit,\" and together are called \"the musical duo.\"", "Light skin __knowledge__ Light skin is a naturally occurring human skin color, which has little eumelanin pigmentation and which has been adapted to environments of low UV radiation.", "Light skin __knowledge__ Light skin is most commonly found amongst the native populations of Europe and Northeast Asia as measured through skin reflectance.", "Light skin __knowledge__ People with light skin pigmentation are often referred to as \"white\" or \"fair\", although these usages can be ambiguous in some countries where they are used to refer specifically to certain ethnic groups or populations.", "Light skin __knowledge__ It has been hypothesized that dark skin pigmentation was the original condition for the genus \"Homo\", including \"Homo sapiens\".", "Human skin color __knowledge__ Human skin color ranges in variety from the darkest brown to the lightest hues.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ An individual's skin pigmentation is the result of genetics, being the product of both of the individual's biological parents' genetic makeup.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ In evolution, skin pigmentation in human beings evolved by a process of natural selection primarily to regulate the amount of ultraviolet radiation penetrating the skin, controlling its biochemical effects.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ The actual skin color of different humans is affected by many substances, although the single most important substance is the pigment melanin.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ Melanin is produced within the skin in cells called melanocytes and it is the main determinant of the skin color of darker-skinned humans.", "Dark skin __knowledge__ Dark skin is a naturally occurring human skin color that is rich in eumelanin pigments and having a dark color.", "Dark skin __knowledge__ People with relatively dark skin are referred to as brown, and those with very dark skin are often referred to as black, although this usage can be ambiguous in some countries where it is also used to specifically refer to different ethnic groups or populations.", "Dark skin __knowledge__ The evolution of dark skin is believed to have begun around 1.2 million years ago, in light-skinned early hominid species after they moved from the equatorial rainforest to the sunny savannas.", "Dark skin __knowledge__ In the heat of the savannas, better cooling mechanisms were required, which were achieved through the loss of body hair and development of more efficient perspiration.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ Melanoma, also known as malignant melanoma, is a type of cancer that develops from the pigment-containing cells known as melanocytes.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ Melanomas typically occur in the skin, but may rarely occur in the mouth, intestines, or eye.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ In women, they most commonly occur on the legs, while in men they are most common on the back.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ Sometimes they develop from a mole with concerning changes including an increase in size, irregular edges, change in color, itchiness, or skin breakdown.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ The primary cause of melanoma is ultraviolet light (UV) exposure in those with low levels of skin pigment.", "Melanoma __knowledge__ The UV light may be from either the sun or from other sources, such as tanning devices.", "Melanin __knowledge__ Melanin (; from \"melas\", \"black, dark\") is a broad term for a group of natural pigments found in most organisms.", "Melanin __knowledge__ Melanin is produced by the oxidation of the amino acid tyrosine, followed by polymerization.", "Melanin __knowledge__ The melanin pigments are produced in a specialized group of cells known as melanocytes.", "Melanin __knowledge__ There are three basic types of melanin: eumelanin, pheomelanin, and neuromelanin.", "Melanin __knowledge__ The most common type is eumelanin, of which there are two types—brown eumelanin and black eumelanin.", "Melanin __knowledge__ Pheomelanin is a cysteine that contains red polymer of benzothiazine units largely responsible for red hair, among other pigmentation.", "Uveal melanoma __knowledge__ Uveal melanoma is a cancer (melanoma) of the eye involving the iris, ciliary body, or choroid (collectively referred to as the uvea).", "Uveal melanoma __knowledge__ Tumors arise from the pigment cells (melanocytes) that reside within the uvea giving color to the eye.", "Uveal melanoma __knowledge__ These melanocytes are distinct from the retinal pigment epithelium cells underlying the retina that do not form melanomas.", "Uveal melanoma __knowledge__ Uveal melanoma was first described in the literature in 1809-1812 by two Scottish surgeons, Allan Burns and James Wardrop.", "Uveal melanoma __knowledge__ Uveal melanomas are the most common primary intraocular tumor in adults.", "Uveal melanoma __knowledge__ The incidence has remained stable for several years.", "Human skin __knowledge__ The human skin is the outer covering of the body.", "Human skin __knowledge__ In humans, it is the largest organ of the integumentary system.", "Human skin __knowledge__ The skin has up to seven layers of ectodermal tissue and guards the underlying muscles, bones, ligaments and internal organs.", "Human skin __knowledge__ Human skin is similar to that of most other mammals, and human skin is very similar to pig skin.", "Human skin __knowledge__ Though nearly all human skin is covered with hair follicles, it can appear hairless.", "Human skin __knowledge__ There are two general types of skin, hairy and glabrous skin (hairless).", "Human skin __knowledge__ The adjective cutaneous literally means \"of the skin\" (from Latin \"cutis\", skin).", "Human skin __knowledge__ Because it interfaces with the environment, skin plays an important immunity role in protecting the body against pathogens and excessive water loss." ] ]

[ 1, 11, 49, 12 ]

[ "I have a freckle on my face, it is a concentrated melanizred cell. I wonder if it could be cancerous. Do you know anything about freckles?", "Thanks for the info. I guess a melanized cell from a freckle and a melanoma, or cancerous cell, may be two different things even though they sound alike.", "But i have heard that freckles and melanomas do both occur in people with a very light skin pigmentation, so perhaps there is something there. That is a question for MENSA, i suppose.", "You mentioned HaHa. Are you from South Korea, by any chance? HaHa is a fictional character on the South Korean sitcom \"No" ]

[ "Freckle", "Freckle", "Freckle", "Freckle" ]

[ "Alaska\nI really want to go to Alaska some day", "I have heard they pay people be there", "How cold does it get there.", "Alaska", "I have heard ice fishing is fun" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alaska __knowledge__ Alaska () is a U.S. state located in the northwest extremity of North America.", "Alaska __knowledge__ The Canadian administrative divisions of British Columbia and Yukon border the state to the east, its most extreme western part is Attu Island, and it has a maritime border with Russia to the west across the Bering Strait.", "Alaska __knowledge__ To the north are the Chukchi and Beaufort seas–the southern parts of the Arctic Ocean.", "Alaska __knowledge__ The Pacific Ocean lies to the south and southwest.", "Alaska __knowledge__ It is the largest state in the United States by area and the seventh largest subnational division in the world.", "Alaska __knowledge__ In addition, it is the 3rd least populous and the most sparsely populated of the 50 United States; nevertheless, it is by far the most populous territory located mostly north of the 60th parallel in North America, its population (the total estimated at 738,432 by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2015) more than quadrupling the combined populations of Northern Canada and Greenland.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Approximately half of Alaska's residents live within the Anchorage metropolitan area.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Alaska's economy is dominated by the fishing, natural gas, and oil industries, resources which it has in abundance.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Military bases and tourism are also a significant part of the economy.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ All I Really Want to Do is the debut solo studio album by American singer-actress Cher and was released on October 16, 1965, by Imperial Records.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ The album was produced for Cher by her then husband and singing partner, Sonny Bono, with contributions from arranger Harold Battiste.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ The album is by-and-large a collection of cover versions but does contain three songs written by Bono.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ Upon its release, the album was well received by critics and garnered positive reviews.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ At the same time that the duo Sonny & Cher were debuting on Atco Records, Sonny Bono arranged a solo deal for Cher on the Imperial label.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ \"All I Really Want to Do\" is a song written by Bob Dylan and featured on his Tom Wilson-produced 1964 album, \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\" (\"see\" 1964 in music).", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ It is arguably one of the most popular songs that Dylan wrote in the period immediately after he abandoned topical songwriting.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ Within a year of its release on \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\", it had also become one of Dylan's most familiar songs to pop and rock audiences, due to hit cover versions by Cher and the Byrds.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ \"All I Really Want to Do\" was first released on Dylan's 1964 album \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\".", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ The song was also included on the Dylan compilations \"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Vol.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ \"Do You Really Want to Hurt Me\" is a song written and recorded by the British new wave band Culture Club.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ Released as a single in September 1982 from the group's platinum-selling debut album \"Kissing to Be Clever\", it was the band's first UK #1 hit.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ In the United States, the single was released in November 1982 and also became a huge hit, reaching #2 for three weeks.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ \"Do You Really Want to Hurt Me\" was the third single released in Europe by Culture Club and their debut release in the United States and Canada.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ The song was picked up by BBC Radio 2 and became a UK #1 single for three weeks in October 1982.", "Mr. Tambourine Man (album) __knowledge__ Mr. Tambourine Man is the debut album by the American folk rock band the Byrds and was released in June 1965 on Columbia Records (\"see\" 1965 in music).", "Mr. Tambourine Man (album) __knowledge__ The album, along with the single of the same name, established the band as an internationally successful rock act and was also influential in originating the musical style known as folk rock.", "Mr. Tambourine Man (album) __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" was, in fact, first coined by the U.S. music press to describe the band's sound in mid-1965, at around the same time that the \"Mr. Tambourine Man\" single reached the top of the \"Billboard\" chart.", "Mr. Tambourine Man (album) __knowledge__ The single and album also represented the first effective American challenge to the dominance of The Beatles and the British Invasion during the mid-1960s.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ \"My Sweet Lord\" is a song by English musician George Harrison.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ It was released in November 1970 on his triple album \"All Things Must Pass\".", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Also issued as a single, Harrison's first as a solo artist, \"My Sweet Lord\" topped charts worldwide and was the biggest-selling single of 1971 in the UK.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ In America and Britain, the song was the first number-one single by an ex-Beatle.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Harrison originally gave the song to his fellow Apple Records artist Billy Preston to record; this version, which Harrison co-produced, appeared on Preston's \"Encouraging Words\" album in September 1970.", "My Sweet Lord __knowledge__ Harrison wrote \"My Sweet Lord\" in praise of the Hindu god Krishna, while at the same time intending the lyrics to serve as a call to abandon religious sectarianism through his deliberate blending of the Hebrew word \"hallelujah\" with chants of \"Hare Krishna\" and Vedic prayer.", "Political positions of Sarah Palin __knowledge__ Sarah Palin is an American politician, commentator and author who served as the ninth Governor of Alaska, from 2006 to 2009.", "Political positions of Sarah Palin __knowledge__ Palin was the Republican Party nominee for Vice President in the 2008 presidential election alongside Arizona Senator John McCain.", "Political positions of Sarah Palin __knowledge__ She has provided political commentary for Fox News, and expressed her positions on a wide range of political issues during her career in the public eye.", "Political positions of Sarah Palin __knowledge__ Despite attending a Pentecostal church which supported abstinence from alcohol, Palin, then on the Wasilla City Council, cast the deciding vote against restricting the hours during which the city's bars could operate.", "Culture Club __knowledge__ Culture Club are an English band that was formed in 1981.", "Culture Club __knowledge__ The band comprised Boy George (lead vocals), Roy Hay (guitar and keyboards), Mikey Craig (bass guitar) and Jon Moss (drums and percussion).", "Culture Club __knowledge__ They are considered one of the most representative and influential groups of the 1980s.", "Culture Club __knowledge__ Culture Club sold more than 50 million records worldwide, including 7 million-records awards RIAA certificate in the United States.", "Culture Club __knowledge__ The band had several international hits with songs such as \"Do You Really Want to Hurt Me\", \"Time (Clock of the Heart)\", \"Church of the Poison Mind\", \"Karma Chameleon\", \"Victims\", \"It's a Miracle\", \"The War Song\", \"Move Away\", and \"I Just Wanna Be Loved\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alaska __knowledge__ Alaska () is a U.S. state located in the northwest extremity of North America.", "Alaska __knowledge__ The Canadian administrative divisions of British Columbia and Yukon border the state to the east, its most extreme western part is Attu Island, and it has a maritime border with Russia to the west across the Bering Strait.", "Alaska __knowledge__ To the north are the Chukchi and Beaufort seas–the southern parts of the Arctic Ocean.", "Alaska __knowledge__ The Pacific Ocean lies to the south and southwest.", "Alaska __knowledge__ It is the largest state in the United States by area and the seventh largest subnational division in the world.", "Alaska __knowledge__ In addition, it is the 3rd least populous and the most sparsely populated of the 50 United States; nevertheless, it is by far the most populous territory located mostly north of the 60th parallel in North America, its population (the total estimated at 738,432 by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2015) more than quadrupling the combined populations of Northern Canada and Greenland.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Approximately half of Alaska's residents live within the Anchorage metropolitan area.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Alaska's economy is dominated by the fishing, natural gas, and oil industries, resources which it has in abundance.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Military bases and tourism are also a significant part of the economy.", "Anarchist economics __knowledge__ Anarchist economics is the set of theories and practices of economic activity within the political philosophy of anarchism.", "Anarchist economics __knowledge__ As a rule, anarchists are anti-capitalists.", "Anarchist economics __knowledge__ They argue that its characteristic institutions promote and reproduce various forms of economic activity which they consider oppressive, including private property, hierarchical production relations, collecting rents from private property, taking a profit in exchanges, and collecting interest on loans.", "Anarchist economics __knowledge__ They generally endorse possession-based ownership rather than propertarianism.", "Anarchist economics __knowledge__ The early English anarchist William Godwin's views on economics could be summarized as follows: \"he envisages the possibility of specialization in the various crafts, which would lead to a man's following the task for which he had the greatest aptitude, and distributing his surplus products to whoever may need them, receiving what he himself needs of other things from the surplus produced by his neighbours, but always on the basis of free distribution, not of exchange.", "Fender Stratocaster __knowledge__ The Fender Stratocaster is a model of electric guitar designed in 1954 by Leo Fender, Bill Carson, George Fullerton, and Freddie Tavares.", "Fender Stratocaster __knowledge__ The Fender Musical Instruments Corporation has continuously manufactured the Stratocaster from 1954 to the present.", "Fender Stratocaster __knowledge__ It is a double-cutaway guitar, with an extended top \"horn\" shape for balance.", "Fender Stratocaster __knowledge__ Along with the Gibson Les Paul, it is one of the most-often emulated electric guitar shapes.", "Fender Stratocaster __knowledge__ \"Stratocaster\" and \"Strat\" are trademark terms belonging to Fender.", "Fender Stratocaster __knowledge__ The Stratocaster is a versatile guitar, usable for all styles of complete music and has been used in many genres, including country, rock, pop, folk, soul, rhythm and blues, blues, jazz, punk, and heavy metal.", "Economic policy of the Barack Obama administration __knowledge__ The economic policy of the Barack Obama administration was characterized by moderate tax increases on higher income Americans designed to fund healthcare reform, reduce the federal budget deficit, and decrease income inequality.", "Economic policy of the Barack Obama administration __knowledge__ His first term (2009–2013) included measures designed to address the Great Recession and Subprime mortgage crisis, which began in 2007.", "Economic policy of the Barack Obama administration __knowledge__ These included a major stimulus package, banking regulation, and comprehensive healthcare reform.", "Economic policy of the Barack Obama administration __knowledge__ As the economy improved and job creation continued during his second term (2013–2017), the Bush tax cuts were allowed to expire for the highest income taxpayers and a spending sequester (cap) was implemented, to further reduce the deficit back to typical historical levels.", "Orlando nightclub shooting __knowledge__ On , 2016, Omar Mateen, a 29-year-old security guard, killed 49 people and wounded 58 others in a terrorist attack/hate crime inside Pulse, a gay nightclub in Orlando, Florida, United States.", "Orlando nightclub shooting __knowledge__ He was shot and killed by Orlando Police Department (OPD) officers after a three-hour standoff.", "Orlando nightclub shooting __knowledge__ Pulse was hosting a \"Latin Night\" and thus most of the victims were Latinos.", "Orlando nightclub shooting __knowledge__ It is the deadliest incident of violence against LGBT people in U.S. history, and the deadliest terrorist attack in the U.S. since the September 11 attacks in 2001.", "Orlando nightclub shooting __knowledge__ At the time, it was the deadliest mass shooting by a single shooter in the U.S., being surpassed the following year by the Las Vegas shooting.", "Azelia Liu __knowledge__ Azelia Liu (born March 15, 1979 in Scarborough, Ontario) is a field hockey goalkeeper from Canada.", "Azelia Liu __knowledge__ She played for the country's national junior team before joining the senior team in 2002.", "Azelia Liu __knowledge__ In her career, Liu has participated in numerous international tournaments, including the 2006 and 2010 Commonwealth Games, 2003 and 2007 Pan American Games, and 2004 and 2009 Pan American Cup.", "British Airways plc v Williams __knowledge__ British Airways plc v Williams (2011) C-155/10 is a UK labour law and EU law decision by the European Court of Justice regarding the right to holidays with pay, which is found in the Universal Declaration on Human Rights article 24, the Working Time Directive and the Working Time Regulations 1998.", "British Airways plc v Williams __knowledge__ \"Williams\" itself was decided under analogous rules found in the Civil Aviation (Working Time) Regulations 2004.", "British Airways plc v Williams __knowledge__ It held that variable components in pay, such as bonuses, must be included in the amount of pay people receive while they are on holiday.", "British Airways plc v Williams __knowledge__ Williams, and other pilots who worked for British Airways claimed that their holiday pay was too low, because it only reflected his fixed salary, and not his bonuses.", "Harvester case __knowledge__ Ex parte H.V.", "Harvester case __knowledge__ McKay, commonly referred to as the Harvester case, is a landmark Australian labour law decision of the Commonwealth Court of Conciliation and Arbitration.", "Harvester case __knowledge__ The case arose under the \"Excise Tariff Act 1906\" which contained a proviso that excise would not be payable on products if a manufacturer paid \"fair and reasonable\" wages to its employees.", "Harvester case __knowledge__ The Court therefore had to consider what was a \"fair and reasonable\" wage for the purpose of the proviso.", "Harvester case __knowledge__ H.B.", "Harvester case __knowledge__ Higgins declared that \"fair and reasonable\" wages for an unskilled male worker required a living wage that was sufficient for \"a human being in a civilised community\" to support a wife and three children in \"frugal comfort\", while a skilled worker should receive an additional margin for their skills, regardless of the employer's capacity to pay.", "List of Legend of Heavenly Sphere Shurato characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters and organizations from the anime Legend of Heavenly Sphere Shurato.", "List of Legend of Heavenly Sphere Shurato characters __knowledge__ In the world of \"Tenkūkai\", the are a group of eight mystical warriors of legend (inspired by the traditional eight guardians of Buddhism tradition).", "List of Legend of Heavenly Sphere Shurato characters __knowledge__ Presumably, they are all the same people repeatedly reincarnated without any memories of their former lives.", "List of Legend of Heavenly Sphere Shurato characters __knowledge__ Their primary purpose is to defend the leader of Tenkūkai, Lady Vishnu and the rest of Tenkūkai from forces of evil called the Asura Gods.", "List of Legend of Heavenly Sphere Shurato characters __knowledge__ Alternatively they are also called the Deva Gods, seemingly based on both the Hindu Deva deities and the Buddhist supernatural beings.", "Tucumcari, New Mexico __knowledge__ Tucumcari (pronounced like \"TWO-come-carry\") is a city in and the county seat of Quay County, New Mexico, United States.", "Tucumcari, New Mexico __knowledge__ The population was 5,363 at the 2010 census.", "Tucumcari, New Mexico __knowledge__ Tucumcari was founded in 1901, two years before Quay County was founded.", "Tucumcari, New Mexico __knowledge__ In 1901, the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad built a construction camp in the western portion of modern-day Quay County.", "Tucumcari, New Mexico __knowledge__ Originally called Ragtown, the camp became known as Six Shooter Siding, due to numerous gunfights.", "Tucumcari, New Mexico __knowledge__ Its first formal name, Douglas, was used only for a short time.", "Tucumcari, New Mexico __knowledge__ After it grew into a permanent settlement, it was renamed Tucumcari in 1908.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ Alaska Airlines is an American airline headquartered in the Seattle metropolitan area of the state of Washington.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1932 as McGee Airways, offering flights from Anchorage, Alaska.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ Alaska Airlines has flights to more than one hundred destinations in the contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba and Mexico.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The airline is a major air carrier and, along with its sister airlines Horizon Air and Virgin America, is part of the Alaska Air Group.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The airline has been ranked by J. D. Power and Associates as having the highest customer satisfaction of the traditional airlines for ten consecutive years.", "Transportation in North America __knowledge__ Transportation in North America is about a varied transportation system, whose quality ranges from being on par with a high-quality European motorway to an unpaved gravelled back road that can extend hundreds of miles.", "Transportation in North America __knowledge__ There is also an extensive transcontinental freight rail network, but passenger railway ridership is lower than in Europe and Asia.", "Transportation in North America __knowledge__ The railroad network of North America (using standard gauge) is extremely extensive, connecting nearly every major and most minor cities.", "Transportation in North America __knowledge__ The United States, Canada, and Mexico have an interconnected system with railheads stretching from Hay River, Northwest Territories, Canada to Tapachula, Mexico, and on Vancouver Island.", "History of Yukon __knowledge__ Yukon (formerly the Yukon Territory) is one of Canada's three territories in the country's extreme northwest.", "History of Yukon __knowledge__ Its history of human habitation dates back to the Ice Age, and the original inhabitants are believed to have arrived over 20,000 years ago by migrating over the land bridge from Asia.", "History of Yukon __knowledge__ In the 18th century, Russian explorers began trade with the First Nations people along the Alaskan coast, beginning the establishment of trade relations throughout the region.", "History of Yukon __knowledge__ The famous Klondike Gold Rush began after gold was discovered near Dawson City in 1896.", "History of Yukon __knowledge__ As a result of the influx of people looking for gold, it was made a separate territory in 1898, split off from the Northwest Territories.", "Edith Clements __knowledge__ Edith Gertrude Clements (1874–1971), also known as Edith S. Clements and Edith Schwartz Clements, was an American botanist and pioneer of botanical ecology who was the first woman to be awarded a Ph.D. by the University of Nebraska.", "Edith Clements __knowledge__ She was married to botanist Frederic Clements, with whom she collaborated throughout her professional life.", "Edith Clements __knowledge__ Together they founded the Alpine Laboratory, a research station at Pikes Peak, Colorado.", "Edith Clements __knowledge__ Clements was also a botanical artist who illustrated her own books as well as joint publications with Frederic.", "Edith Clements __knowledge__ Both Clementses were involved with the study of phytogeography, especially those factors determining the ecology of vegetation in particular regions, and they would be praised as \"the most illustrious husband-wife team since the Curies.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alaska __knowledge__ Alaska () is a U.S. state located in the northwest extremity of North America.", "Alaska __knowledge__ The Canadian administrative divisions of British Columbia and Yukon border the state to the east, its most extreme western part is Attu Island, and it has a maritime border with Russia to the west across the Bering Strait.", "Alaska __knowledge__ To the north are the Chukchi and Beaufort seas–the southern parts of the Arctic Ocean.", "Alaska __knowledge__ The Pacific Ocean lies to the south and southwest.", "Alaska __knowledge__ It is the largest state in the United States by area and the seventh largest subnational division in the world.", "Alaska __knowledge__ In addition, it is the 3rd least populous and the most sparsely populated of the 50 United States; nevertheless, it is by far the most populous territory located mostly north of the 60th parallel in North America, its population (the total estimated at 738,432 by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2015) more than quadrupling the combined populations of Northern Canada and Greenland.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Approximately half of Alaska's residents live within the Anchorage metropolitan area.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Alaska's economy is dominated by the fishing, natural gas, and oil industries, resources which it has in abundance.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Military bases and tourism are also a significant part of the economy.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Cold fusion __knowledge__ Cold fusion is a hypothesized type of nuclear reaction that would occur at, or near, room temperature.", "Cold fusion __knowledge__ This is compared with the \"hot\" fusion which takes place naturally within stars, under immense pressure and at temperatures of millions of degrees, and distinguished from muon-catalyzed fusion.", "Cold fusion __knowledge__ There is currently no accepted theoretical model that would allow cold fusion to occur.", "Cold fusion __knowledge__ In 1989 Martin Fleischmann (then one of the world's leading electrochemists) and Stanley Pons reported that their apparatus had produced anomalous heat (\"excess heat\") of a magnitude they asserted would defy explanation except in terms of nuclear processes.", "Captain Cold __knowledge__ Captain Cold (Leonard Snart) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Captain Cold __knowledge__ Captain Cold is the leader of the Rogues, a loose criminal association, as well as the older brother of Golden Glider.", "Captain Cold __knowledge__ He also has served as a bitter enemy to the Silver Age Flash Barry Allen, both enemy and grudging friend to the third Flash Wally West, and one of the regretting killers of the fourth Flash Bart Allen.", "Captain Cold __knowledge__ As part of The New 52 reboot, Captain Cold is a villain that with his team The Rogues lives by a code to never kill and sometimes can be perceived as a hero.", "Captain Cold __knowledge__ IGN's list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains Of All Time List ranked Captain Cold as #27.", "Cold Feet __knowledge__ Cold Feet is a British comedy-drama television series produced by Granada Television for the ITV network.", "Cold Feet __knowledge__ The series was created and principally written by Mike Bullen as a follow-up to his award-winning 1997 Comedy Premiere of the same name.", "Cold Feet __knowledge__ The series follows three couples experiencing the ups-and-downs of romance, originally Adam Williams and Rachel Bradley (James Nesbitt and Helen Baxendale), Pete and Jenny Gifford (John Thomson and Fay Ripley) and Karen and David Marsden (Hermione Norris and Robert Bathurst).", "Cold Feet __knowledge__ As the original series progressed, the Giffords divorced and Pete married Jo Ellison (Kimberley Joseph), whilst Karen and David also separated forming relationships with Mark Cubitt (Sean Pertwee) and Robyn Duff (Lucy Robinson).", "Cold-formed steel __knowledge__ Cold-formed steel (CFS) is the common term for products made by rolling or pressing steel into semi-finished or finished goods at relatively low temperatures (cold working).", "Cold-formed steel __knowledge__ Cold-formed steel goods are created by the working of steel billet, bar, or sheet using stamping, rolling (including roll forming), or presses to deform it into a usable product.", "Cold-formed steel __knowledge__ Cold-worked steel products, such as cold-rolled steel (CRS) bar stock and sheet, are commonly used in all areas of manufacturing of durable goods, such as appliances or automobiles, but the phrase \"cold-formed steel\" is most prevalently used to describe construction materials.", "Stone Cold Steve Austin __knowledge__ Steve Austin (born Steven James Anderson on December 18, 1964, later Steven James Williams), better known by the ring name \"Stone Cold\" Steve Austin, or just Stone Cold is an American retired professional wrestler, actor, host and media personality.", "Stone Cold Steve Austin __knowledge__ Veteran professional wrestling journalist Wade Keller remarked that Austin is \"in every conversation for the greatest wrestling act of all time\", as well as for \"the most profitable and the most influential\".", "Stone Cold Steve Austin __knowledge__ Austin is currently signed under a Legends contract in the WWE.", "Stone Cold Steve Austin __knowledge__ Austin enjoyed a successful mid-card career as \"Stunning\" Steve Austin in World Championship Wrestling (WCW) from 1991 to 1994.", "Cold seep __knowledge__ A cold seep (sometimes called a cold vent) is an area of the ocean floor where hydrogen sulfide, methane and other hydrocarbon-rich fluid seepage occurs, often in the form of a brine pool.", "Cold seep __knowledge__ \"Cold\" does not mean that the temperature of the seepage is lower than that of the surrounding sea water.", "Cold seep __knowledge__ On the contrary, its temperature is often slightly higher.", "Cold seep __knowledge__ The \"cold\" is relative to the very warm (at least ) conditions of a hydrothermal vent.", "Cold seep __knowledge__ Cold seeps constitute a biome supporting several endemic species.", "Cold seep __knowledge__ Cold seeps develop unique topography over time, where reactions between methane and seawater create carbonate rock formations and reefs.", "1990 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ The 1990 Pacific hurricane season is the fifth-most active season on record and is the third-most active season in terms of ACE Indices.", "1990 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ The season was officially started on May 15 in the eastern Pacific, and on June 1 in the central Pacific, and lasted until November 30.", "1990 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean.", "1990 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ However, these bounds were slightly exceeded when Hurricane Alma formed on May 12.", "1990 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ Hurricane Alma became the third earliest tropical cyclone in the Eastern Pacific basin since the satellite era began in 1966, while Trudy is the third strongest October eastern Pacific hurricane on record.", "Pacific Ocean __knowledge__ The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic divisions.", "Pacific Ocean __knowledge__ It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south and is bounded by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.", "Pacific Ocean __knowledge__ At in area (as defined with an Antarctic southern border), this largest division of the World Ocean—and, in turn, the hydrosphere—covers about 46% of Earth's water surface and about one-third of its total surface area, making it larger than all of Earth's land area combined.", "Pacific Ocean __knowledge__ Both the center of the Water Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere are in the Pacific Ocean.", "1962 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ The 1962 Pacific typhoon season had no official bounds; there was activity in every month but January, March, and June, but most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November and this conventionally delimits the season.", "1962 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ The majority of the Pacific typhoons in 1962 formed in the Pacific Ocean north of the equator and west of the International Date Line with two exceptions: Tropical Depressions Fifty and Sixty-three formed in the Central Pacific.", "1962 Pacific typhoon season __knowledge__ Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1962 Pacific hurricane season.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1847; and United States statehood period, which continues to the present day.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the northwest coast of California near the redwood forests several Indian tribes developed large dugout canoes they used for fishing, trade and warfare.", "1998 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ The 1998 Pacific hurricane season was a below average Pacific hurricane season, It had six major hurricanes that was well above average.", "1998 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ The season officially started on May 15 in the eastern Pacific and on June 1 in the central Pacific, and ended on November 30; these dates conventionally delimit the period during which most tropical cyclones form in that region.", "1998 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ The first tropical cyclone developed on June 11, about ten days later than the normal start of the season.", "1998 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ The final storm of the year, Hurricane Madeline, dissipated on October 20.", "1998 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ Storm activity in the Central Pacific Hurricane Center's warning zone was low, with just one tropical depression observed in the region.", "2006 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ The 2006 Pacific hurricane season was the most active since 2000, producing 19 tropical storms or hurricanes.", "2006 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ Eighteen developed within the National Hurricane Center (NHC) area of warning responsibility, which is east of 140°W, and one storm formed between 140°W and the International Date Line, which is under the jurisdiction of the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC).", "2006 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ Of the 19 total storms, eleven became hurricanes, of which six attained major hurricane status.", "2006 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ Within the NHC portion of the basin, the season officially began on May 15, and in the CPHC portion, it started on June 1; the season officially ended on November 30.", "1999 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ The 1999 Pacific hurricane season was one of the least active Pacific hurricane seasons on record.", "1999 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ The season officially began on May 15 in the Eastern Pacific, and on June 1 in the Central Pacific; in both basins, it ended on November 30.", "1999 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ These dates conventionally delimit the period during which most tropical cyclones form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean.", "1999 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ The first tropical cyclone of the season, Hurricane Adrian, developed on June 18, while the final storm of the season, Tropical Storm Irwin, dissipated on October 11.", "1999 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ No storms developed in the Central Pacific during the season.", "1999 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ However, two storms from the Eastern Pacific, Dora and Eugene, entered the basin, with the former entering as a hurricane." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alaska __knowledge__ Alaska () is a U.S. state located in the northwest extremity of North America.", "Alaska __knowledge__ The Canadian administrative divisions of British Columbia and Yukon border the state to the east, its most extreme western part is Attu Island, and it has a maritime border with Russia to the west across the Bering Strait.", "Alaska __knowledge__ To the north are the Chukchi and Beaufort seas–the southern parts of the Arctic Ocean.", "Alaska __knowledge__ The Pacific Ocean lies to the south and southwest.", "Alaska __knowledge__ It is the largest state in the United States by area and the seventh largest subnational division in the world.", "Alaska __knowledge__ In addition, it is the 3rd least populous and the most sparsely populated of the 50 United States; nevertheless, it is by far the most populous territory located mostly north of the 60th parallel in North America, its population (the total estimated at 738,432 by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2015) more than quadrupling the combined populations of Northern Canada and Greenland.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Approximately half of Alaska's residents live within the Anchorage metropolitan area.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Alaska's economy is dominated by the fishing, natural gas, and oil industries, resources which it has in abundance.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Military bases and tourism are also a significant part of the economy.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ Alaska Airlines is an American airline headquartered in the Seattle metropolitan area of the state of Washington.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1932 as McGee Airways, offering flights from Anchorage, Alaska.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ Alaska Airlines has flights to more than one hundred destinations in the contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba and Mexico.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The airline is a major air carrier and, along with its sister airlines Horizon Air and Virgin America, is part of the Alaska Air Group.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The airline has been ranked by J. D. Power and Associates as having the highest customer satisfaction of the traditional airlines for ten consecutive years.", "Alaska State Troopers __knowledge__ The Alaska State Troopers, officially the Division of Alaska State Troopers (AST), is the state police agency of the U.S. state of Alaska.", "Alaska State Troopers __knowledge__ It is a division of the Alaska Department of Public Safety (DPS).", "Alaska State Troopers __knowledge__ The Alaska State Troopers is a full-service law enforcement agency which handles both traffic and criminal law enforcement.", "Alaska State Troopers __knowledge__ The Alaska State Troopers is also involved in apprehending fugitives as part of the Alaska Fugitive Task Force, an inter-agency collaborative of Alaska police departments that cooperates with police agencies throughout the United States and less commonly with Interpol in apprehending wanted men and women.", "History of Alaska __knowledge__ The history of Alaska dates back to the Upper Paleolithic period (around 14,000 BC), when wanderer groups crossed the Bering land bridge into what is now western Alaska.", "History of Alaska __knowledge__ At the time of European contact by the Russian explorers, the area was populated by Alaska Native groups.", "History of Alaska __knowledge__ The name \"Alaska\" derives from the Aleut word \"Alaxsxaq\" (also spelled \"Alyeska\"), meaning \"mainland\" (literally, \"the object toward which the action of the sea is directed\").", "History of Alaska __knowledge__ In the 1890s, gold rushes in Alaska and the nearby Yukon Territory brought thousands of miners and settlers to Alaska.", "History of Alaska __knowledge__ Alaska was granted territorial status in 1912 by the United States of America.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ The Yup'ik or Yupiaq (sg & pl) and Yupiit or Yupiat (pl), also Central Alaskan Yup'ik, Central Yup'ik, Alaskan Yup'ik (own name \"Yup'ik\" \"Yupiik\" \"Yupiit\" ), are an Eskimo people of western and southwestern Alaska ranging from southern Norton Sound southwards along the coast of the Bering Sea on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (including living on Nelson and Nunivak Islands) and along the northern coast of Bristol Bay as far east as Nushagak Bay and the northern Alaska Peninsula at Naknek River and Egegik Bay.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ They are also known as Cup'ik by the Chevak Cup'ik dialect-speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect-speaking Eskimo of Nunivak Island.", "History of Fairbanks, Alaska __knowledge__ The history of Fairbanks, the second-largest city in Alaska, can be traced to the founding of a trading post by E.T.", "History of Fairbanks, Alaska __knowledge__ Barnette on the south bank of the Chena River on August 26, 1901.", "History of Fairbanks, Alaska __knowledge__ The area had seen human occupation since at least the last ice age, but a permanent settlement was not established at the site of Fairbanks until the 20th century.", "History of Fairbanks, Alaska __knowledge__ The discovery of gold near Barnette's trading post caused him to turn what had been a temporary stop into a permanent one.", "History of Fairbanks, Alaska __knowledge__ The gold caused a stampede of miners to the area, and buildings sprang up around Barnette's trading post.", "History of Fairbanks, Alaska __knowledge__ In November 1903, the area's residents voted to incorporate the city of Fairbanks.", "Legal education in Alaska __knowledge__ Legal education in Alaska refers to the history of efforts to educate Alaskans in the laws of the state, including the education of those representing themselves before the courts, paralegals and the continuing legal education of Alaskan lawyers after their admission to the Alaska Bar Association.", "Legal education in Alaska __knowledge__ Since becoming the 49th state of the United States on January 3, 1959 Alaska has not had a public, American Bar Association-accredited law school.", "Legal education in Alaska __knowledge__ A 1975 study by former Alaska Attorney General (1970–1973) John E. Havelock concluded that the state did not require a law school.", "Legal education in Alaska __knowledge__ Without a state law school, Alaska did not receive a 2001 distribution of the complete legal papers of Abraham Lincoln and the \"Alaska Law Review\" has been published outside Alaska.", "Natural gas __knowledge__ Natural gas is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, but commonly including varying amounts of other higher alkanes, and sometimes a small percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, or helium.", "Natural gas __knowledge__ It is formed when layers of decomposing plant and animal matter are exposed to intense heat and pressure under the surface of the Earth over millions of years.", "Natural gas __knowledge__ The energy that the plants originally obtained from the sun is stored in the form of chemical bonds in the gas.", "Natural gas __knowledge__ Natural gas is a fossil fuel used as a source of energy for heating, cooking, and electricity generation.", "Liquefied natural gas __knowledge__ Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas (predominantly methane, CH, with some mixture of ethane CH) that has been converted to liquid form for ease and safety of non-pressurized storage or transport.", "Liquefied natural gas __knowledge__ It takes up about 1/600th the volume of natural gas in the gaseous state (at standard conditions for temperature and pressure).", "Liquefied natural gas __knowledge__ It is odorless, colorless, non-toxic and non-corrosive.", "Liquefied natural gas __knowledge__ Hazards include flammability after vaporization into a gaseous state, freezing and asphyxia.", "Liquefied natural gas __knowledge__ The liquefaction process involves removal of certain components, such as dust, acid gases, helium, water, and heavy hydrocarbons, which could cause difficulty downstream.", "Natural gas prices __knowledge__ Natural gas prices, as with other commodity prices, are mainly driven by supply and demand fundamentals.", "Natural gas prices __knowledge__ However, natural gas prices may also be linked to the price of crude oil and/or petroleum products, especially in continental Europe.", "Natural gas prices __knowledge__ Natural gas prices in the US had historically followed oil prices, but in recent years have decoupled from oil and are now trending somewhat with coal prices.", "Natural gas prices __knowledge__ The current surge in unconventional oil and gas in the U.S. has resulted in lower gas prices in the U.S.", "Natural gas prices __knowledge__ This has led to discussions in Asian oil-linked gas markets to import gas based on the Henry Hub index (until very recently the most widely used reference for US natural gas prices).", "Natural gas vehicle __knowledge__ A natural gas vehicle (NGV) is an alternative fuel vehicle for autonomous mobility that uses compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied natural gas (LNG).", "Natural gas vehicle __knowledge__ Natural gas vehicles should not be confused with vehicles powered by propane (LPG), which is a fuel with a fundamentally different composition.", "Natural gas vehicle __knowledge__ In a natural gas powered vehicle, energy is released by combustion of essentially Methane gas (CH4) fuel with Oxygen (O2) from the air to CO2 and water vapor (H2O) in an internal combustion engine.", "Natural gas vehicle __knowledge__ Methane is the cleanest burning hydrocarbon and many contaminants present in natural gas are removed at source.", "Hydrogen economy __knowledge__ The hydrogen economy is a proposed system of delivering energy using hydrogen.", "Hydrogen economy __knowledge__ The term \"hydrogen economy\" was coined by John Bockris during a talk he gave in 1970 at General Motors (GM) Technical Center.", "Hydrogen economy __knowledge__ The concept was proposed earlier by geneticist J.B.S.", "Hydrogen economy __knowledge__ Haldane.", "Hydrogen economy __knowledge__ Proponents of a hydrogen economy advocate hydrogen as a potential fuel for motive power (including cars and boats) and on-board auxiliary power, stationary power generation (e.g., for the energy needs of buildings), and as an energy storage medium (e.g., for interconversion from excess electric power generated off-peak).", "Hydrogen economy __knowledge__ Molecular hydrogen of the sort that can be used as a fuel does not occur naturally in convenient reservoirs; nonetheless it can be generated by steam reformation of hydrocarbons, water electrolysis or by other methods.", "History of the petroleum industry in Canada __knowledge__ The Canadian petroleum industry arose in parallel with that of the United States.", "History of the petroleum industry in Canada __knowledge__ Because of Canada's unique geography, geology, resources and patterns of settlement, however, it developed in different ways.", "History of the petroleum industry in Canada __knowledge__ The evolution of the petroleum sector has been a key factor in the history of Canada, and helps illustrate how the country became quite distinct from her neighbour to the south.", "History of the petroleum industry in Canada __knowledge__ Although the conventional oil and gas industry in western Canada is mature, the country's Arctic and offshore petroleum resources are mostly in early stages of exploration and development.", "History of the petroleum industry in Canada __knowledge__ Canada became a natural gas-producing giant in the late 1950s and is second, after Russia, in exports; the country also is home to the world's largest natural gas liquids extraction facilities.", "Natural gas in the United States __knowledge__ Natural gas in the United States was the nation's largest source of energy production in 2016, representing 33 percent of all energy produced in the U.S. Natural gas has been the largest source of electrical generation in the United States since July 2015.", "Natural gas in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012, the US produced 25.3 trillion cubic feet of marketed natural gas, with an average wellhead value of $2.66 per thousand cubic feet, for a total wellhead value of $67.3 billion.", "Natural gas in the United States __knowledge__ The natural gas industry includes exploration for, production, processing, transportation, storage, and marketing of natural gas and natural gas liquids.", "Natural gas in the United States __knowledge__ The exploration for and production of natural gas and petroleum form a single industry, and many wells produce both oil and gas." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Alaska __knowledge__ Alaska () is a U.S. state located in the northwest extremity of North America.", "Alaska __knowledge__ The Canadian administrative divisions of British Columbia and Yukon border the state to the east, its most extreme western part is Attu Island, and it has a maritime border with Russia to the west across the Bering Strait.", "Alaska __knowledge__ To the north are the Chukchi and Beaufort seas–the southern parts of the Arctic Ocean.", "Alaska __knowledge__ The Pacific Ocean lies to the south and southwest.", "Alaska __knowledge__ It is the largest state in the United States by area and the seventh largest subnational division in the world.", "Alaska __knowledge__ In addition, it is the 3rd least populous and the most sparsely populated of the 50 United States; nevertheless, it is by far the most populous territory located mostly north of the 60th parallel in North America, its population (the total estimated at 738,432 by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2015) more than quadrupling the combined populations of Northern Canada and Greenland.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Approximately half of Alaska's residents live within the Anchorage metropolitan area.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Alaska's economy is dominated by the fishing, natural gas, and oil industries, resources which it has in abundance.", "Alaska __knowledge__ Military bases and tourism are also a significant part of the economy.", "Ice fishing __knowledge__ Ice fishing is the practice of catching fish with lines and fish hooks or spears through an opening in the ice on a frozen body of water.", "Ice fishing __knowledge__ Ice fishermen may fish in the open or in heated enclosures, some with bunks and amenities.", "Ice fishing __knowledge__ Longer fishing expeditions can be mounted with simple structures.", "Ice fishing __knowledge__ Larger, heated structures can make multiple day fishing trips possible.", "Ice fishing __knowledge__ A structure with various local names, but often called an ice shanty, ice shack, fish house, shack, bobhouse, or ice hut, is sometimes used.", "Ice fishing __knowledge__ These are dragged or towed onto the lake using a vehicle such as a snowmobile, ATV or truck.", "Ice fishing __knowledge__ The two most commonly used types are portable and permanent.", "Canadian Ice Fishing Championship __knowledge__ The Canadian Ice Fishing Championship is a two-day annual event held on Lake Simcoe, in Ontario, Canada.", "Canadian Ice Fishing Championship __knowledge__ It was created in 1994, two years after the World Ice Fishing Championship was held in Georgina, Ontario.", "Canadian Ice Fishing Championship __knowledge__ The \"Catch - Photograph - Release\" ice fishing tournament attracts anglers, mainly from Canada and the USA, but sometimes from other countries, who bring their ice fishing skills to this large, shallow lake.", "Canadian Ice Fishing Championship __knowledge__ The first day is 'Big Fish Day', when anglers fish the deep water to try to catch the biggest fish.", "Canadian Ice Fishing Championship __knowledge__ Scrutineers measure the length and width of each fish caught, and points are awarded for the fish each team submits to the judges.", "List of modern Korean festivals __knowledge__ For older or historical observances in Korea see traditional festivals of Korea.", "List of modern Korean festivals __knowledge__ Many new festivals have originated in South Korea in response to the country's tourism initiatives.", "List of modern Korean festivals __knowledge__ Contributing to this growth is a gradual change to a five-day work week and greater leisure.", "List of modern Korean festivals __knowledge__ In 2013, over 700 festivals were held in the country, with this number likely to rise.", "List of modern Korean festivals __knowledge__ \"Seoul Lantern Festival\" \"Seoul International Fireworks Festival\" \"Seoul Spring Flower Festival\" \"Seoul Eulalia Festival\" \"Goyang International Flower Festival\" \"Gyeonggi International Ceramic Biennale\" \"Jarasum International Jazz Festival\" \"The Great Admiral Yisunsin Festival\" \"Buyeo Seodong Lotus Festival\" \"Boryeong Mud festival\" Cheongpungho Cherry Blossoms Festival Sobaek Mountain Loyal Azalea Festival Hwacheon Sancheoneo Ice Festival Sancheoneo Experience Program Go ice fishing – you need to catch at least one Sancheoneo.", "Zec de Forestville __knowledge__ The ZEC Forestville is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC) in the unorganized territory of the Lac-au-Brochet, in La Haute-Côte-Nord Regional County Municipality, in Quebec, in Canada.", "Zec de Forestville __knowledge__ The area was designated a zone d'exploitation contrôlée in 1978.", "Zec de Forestville __knowledge__ Zec Forestville is managed by the \"Association de Chasse et Pêche de Forestville inc\" (Association of Hunting and Fishing of Forestville), which is a non-profit organization.", "Zec de Forestville __knowledge__ Its primary mission is to see the wildlife management fairly and development of hunting, fishing, camping and outdoor.", "Zec de Forestville __knowledge__ Zec de Forestville has an area of 1328 square kilometers and has 935 lakes within its territory.", "Lindy Legendary Fishing Tackle __knowledge__ Lindy Legendary Fishing Tackle is an American producer of fishing tackle.", "Lindy Legendary Fishing Tackle __knowledge__ Since its founding in 1968, the company's Lindy Rig has been used by over 40 million fishermen.", "Lindy Legendary Fishing Tackle __knowledge__ Lindy Tackle Company was founded in 1968 by Al and Ron Lindner and Nick Adams.", "Lindy Legendary Fishing Tackle __knowledge__ The Lindners left the company to form In-Fisherman in 1975.", "Lindy Legendary Fishing Tackle __knowledge__ The first major expansion came in 1973 with Lindy's takeover by Ray-O-Vac and its merger with Mille Lacs Manufacturing to form Lindy-Little Joe.", "Lindy Legendary Fishing Tackle __knowledge__ This company was incorporated in 1978 to acquire the Fishing Tackle Division of Ray-O-Vac.", "Lindy Legendary Fishing Tackle __knowledge__ Thill Fishing Tackle, maker of balsa floats, was acquired in 1992, and further acquisitions followed with System Tackle Manufacturing in 1997, Old Bayside Fishing Tackle in 2003, and Muskie Greats Tackle (G/T) in 2004.", "Alum Creek State Park __knowledge__ Alum Creek State Park is a Ohio state park in Delaware County, Ohio, in the United States.", "Alum Creek State Park __knowledge__ Alum Creek Lake was constructed from 1970 to 1974 as part of the Flood Control Act of 1962.", "Alum Creek State Park __knowledge__ Alum Creek Dam was constructed on Alum Creek, a tributary of Big Walnut Creek, which drains into the Scioto River.", "Alum Creek State Park __knowledge__ Alum Creek Reservoir holds of water and is open to fishing, boating, ice fishing, ice boating and swimming.", "Alum Creek State Park __knowledge__ The park is just north of the state capital of Columbus and contains the remnants of a settlement by freed slaves that arrived in Ohio from North Carolina.", "Alum Creek State Park __knowledge__ The first evidence of man living in the Alum Creek State Park area dates back over 2,000 years ago to the Adena culture.", "Dixie Carter (wrestling) __knowledge__ Dixie Carter-Salinas (born October 6, 1964), known professionally as Dixie Carter, is an American businesswoman and former promoter.", "Dixie Carter (wrestling) __knowledge__ Carter is the former Chairman, President and Chief Strategy Officer of Impact Wrestling, and is currently a minority 5% equity stakeholder in the promotion.", "Dixie Carter (wrestling) __knowledge__ Carter was born in Dallas, Texas to parents Robert W. and Janice Carter.", "Dixie Carter (wrestling) __knowledge__ She graduated from The Hockaday School in 1982 and subsequently attended the University of Mississippi, graduating in 1986 with a Bachelor of Business Administration.", "Dixie Carter (wrestling) __knowledge__ While a student, Carter was active on the Student Programming Board, and was a member of the Kappa Kappa Gamma women's fraternity.", "Anchorage, Alaska __knowledge__ Anchorage (officially called the Municipality of Anchorage) (Dena'ina Athabascan: \"Dgheyaytnu\") is a unified home rule municipality in the U.S. state of Alaska.", "Anchorage, Alaska __knowledge__ With an estimated 301,826 residents in 2017, it is Alaska's most populous city and contains more than 40 percent of the state's total population; among the 50 states, only New York has a higher percentage of residents who live in its most populous city.", "Anchorage, Alaska __knowledge__ All together, the Anchorage metropolitan area, which combines Anchorage with the neighboring Matanuska-Susitna Borough, had a population of 401,635 in 2016, which accounts for more than half of the state's population.", "Seward Highway __knowledge__ The Seward Highway is a highway in the U.S. state of Alaska that extends from Seward to Anchorage.", "Seward Highway __knowledge__ It was completed in 1951 and runs through the scenic Kenai Peninsula, Chugach National Forest, Turnagain Arm, and Kenai Mountains.", "Seward Highway __knowledge__ The Seward Highway is numbered Alaska Route 9 (AK-9) for the first from Seward to the Sterling Highway and AK-1 for the remaining distance to Anchorage.", "Seward Highway __knowledge__ At the junction with the Sterling Highway, AK-1 turns west towards Sterling and Homer.", "Seward Highway __knowledge__ About of the Seward Highway leading into Anchorage is built to freeway standards.", "Seward Highway __knowledge__ In Anchorage, the Seward Highway terminates at an intersection with 5th Avenue, which AK-1 is routed to, and which then leads to the Glenn Highway freeway.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ Alaska Airlines is an American airline headquartered in the Seattle metropolitan area of the state of Washington.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1932 as McGee Airways, offering flights from Anchorage, Alaska.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ Alaska Airlines has flights to more than one hundred destinations in the contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba and Mexico.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The airline is a major air carrier and, along with its sister airlines Horizon Air and Virgin America, is part of the Alaska Air Group.", "Alaska Airlines __knowledge__ The airline has been ranked by J. D. Power and Associates as having the highest customer satisfaction of the traditional airlines for ten consecutive years.", "Tom Anderson (politician) __knowledge__ Thomas T. \"Tom\" Anderson (born August 4, 1967) is a partner at Optima Public Relations in Anchorage, Alaska and also a radio talk show host of \"Tom Anderson Show\" (www.TomAndersonShow.com) on KVNT 92.5 FM and 1020 AM in Anchorage and Mat-Su Valley Alaska.", "Tom Anderson (politician) __knowledge__ Anderson is a former Alaska state representative for District 19 representing northeast Anchorage, Alaska.", "Tom Anderson (politician) __knowledge__ Anderson, a Republican, served in the Alaska Legislature for two terms, from 2003 until 2007, and became known for his sponsorship of legislation which expanded Alaska's DNA database to assist in forensic identification of criminal suspects through DNA testing.", "Alaska Pacific University __knowledge__ Alaska Pacific University (APU) is a small liberal arts college located in Anchorage, Alaska, that emphasizes experiential and active learning.", "Alaska Pacific University __knowledge__ The university is a member of the Eco League, a group of five small universities and colleges with strong programs in Psychology and Environmental Studies as well as related topics.", "Alaska Pacific University __knowledge__ Founded in the late 1950s, Alaska Pacific University is the most recent of the more than 1200 United Methodist educational institutions founded in America over the last 200 years.", "Alaska Pacific University __knowledge__ In 1956, Alaska's territorial police granted permission for the placement of signs to mark the college site for promotional purposes.", "Ted Stevens __knowledge__ Theodore Fulton \"Ted\" Stevens Sr. (November 18, 1923 – August 9, 2010) was a United States Senator from Alaska, whose tenure extended from December 24, 1968, until January 3, 2009.", "Ted Stevens __knowledge__ He was thus the longest serving Republican senator in history at the time he left office; his record was surpassed in January 2017 by Orrin Hatch of Utah.", "Ted Stevens __knowledge__ He was President pro tempore in the 108th and 109th Congresses from January 3, 2003, to January 3, 2007, and the third senator to hold the title of President pro tempore emeritus.", "Ted Stevens __knowledge__ Stevens served for six decades in the American public sector, beginning with his service in World War II." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 8, 7, 8 ]

[ "Alaska is the US state extreme northwest US", "Its a beautiful place the pacific ocean is to the south and southwest of it", "Very bitter cold and alaskas economy is based on natural gas and fishing", "Half the people in alaska live within Anchorage", "It is fun and fishing dominates the economy in alaska" ]

[ "Alaska", "Alaska", "Alaska", "Alaska", "Alaska" ]

[ "Blackjack", "What is blackjack? is it some kind of game?", "i've never heard of that game. can you tell me more?", "oh, that sounds interesting. so what do you need to do to win?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Blackjack, also known as twenty-one, is a comparing card game between usually several players and a dealer, where each player in turn competes against the dealer, but players do not play against each other.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ It is played with one or more decks of 52 cards, and is the most widely played casino banking game in the world.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ The objective of the game is to beat the dealer in one of the following ways: Players are each dealt two cards, face up or down depending on the casino and the table at which you sit.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ In the U.S., the dealer is also dealt two cards, normally one up (exposed) and one down (hidden).", "Blackjack __knowledge__ In most other countries, the dealer receives one card face up.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ The value of cards two through ten is their pip value (2 through 10).", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Face cards (Jack, Queen, and King) are all worth ten.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Aces can be worth one or eleven.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ A hand's value is the sum of the card values.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Players are allowed to draw additional cards to improve their hands.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ A hand with an ace valued as 11 is called \"soft\", meaning that the hand will not bust by taking an additional card; the value of the ace will become one to prevent the hand from exceeding 21.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Otherwise, the hand is \"hard\".", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Once all the players have completed their hands, it is the dealer’s turn." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Blackjack, also known as twenty-one, is a comparing card game between usually several players and a dealer, where each player in turn competes against the dealer, but players do not play against each other.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ It is played with one or more decks of 52 cards, and is the most widely played casino banking game in the world.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ The objective of the game is to beat the dealer in one of the following ways: Players are each dealt two cards, face up or down depending on the casino and the table at which you sit.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ In the U.S., the dealer is also dealt two cards, normally one up (exposed) and one down (hidden).", "Blackjack __knowledge__ In most other countries, the dealer receives one card face up.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ The value of cards two through ten is their pip value (2 through 10).", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Face cards (Jack, Queen, and King) are all worth ten.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Aces can be worth one or eleven.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ A hand's value is the sum of the card values.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Players are allowed to draw additional cards to improve their hands.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ A hand with an ace valued as 11 is called \"soft\", meaning that the hand will not bust by taking an additional card; the value of the ace will become one to prevent the hand from exceeding 21.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Otherwise, the hand is \"hard\".", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Once all the players have completed their hands, it is the dealer’s turn.", "Card counting __knowledge__ Card counting is a casino card game strategy used primarily in the blackjack family of casino games to determine whether the next hand is likely to give a probable advantage to the player or to the dealer.", "Card counting __knowledge__ Card counters are a class of advantage players, who attempt to decrease the inherent casino house edge by keeping a running tally of all high and low valued cards seen by the player.", "Card counting __knowledge__ Card counting allows players to bet more with less risk when the count gives an advantage as well as minimize losses during an unfavorable count.", "Card counting __knowledge__ Card counting also provides the ability to alter playing decisions based on the composition of remaining cards.", "Blackjack Switch __knowledge__ Blackjack Switch is a casino gambling game invented by Geoff Hall and patented in 2009.", "Blackjack Switch __knowledge__ It is based on blackjack, but differs in that two hands, rather than one, are dealt to each playing position, and the player is initially allowed to exchange (\"switch\") the top two cards between hands.", "Blackjack Switch __knowledge__ Natural blackjacks are paid 1:1 instead of the standard 3:2, and a dealer hard 22 pushes all player hands except a natural.", "Blackjack Switch __knowledge__ Blackjack Switch was conceived after Hall - who was a card counter at the time - became frustrated at being dealt 2 weak hands when playing Blackjack that could be improved dramatically if the top two cards were allowed to be switched.", "King of Vegas __knowledge__ King of Vegas was a gambling series that first aired on Spike TV in the United States on January 17, 2006.", "King of Vegas __knowledge__ It was hosted by boxing commentator Max Kellerman and co-hosted by handicapper Wayne Allyn Root, who gave color commentary and his odds-on favorites for each game.", "King of Vegas __knowledge__ The tournament director was Matt Savage, who has also directed tournaments at the World Series of Poker.", "King of Vegas __knowledge__ Unlike other gambling series on television, \"King of Vegas\" includes competition in eight different casino games; four per week, all starting with Blackjack and ending a final game of Texas Hold 'Em.", "King of Vegas __knowledge__ All games are played with players getting a fresh set of $10,000 in chips (the format would later change a bit, but the $10,000 chip gain remained constant until the final episode).", "MIT Blackjack Team __knowledge__ The MIT Blackjack Team was a group of students and ex-students from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard Business School, Harvard University, and other leading colleges who used card counting techniques and more sophisticated strategies to beat casinos at blackjack worldwide.", "MIT Blackjack Team __knowledge__ The team and its successors operated successfully from 1979 through the beginning of the 21st century.", "MIT Blackjack Team __knowledge__ Many other blackjack teams have been formed around the world with the goal of beating the casinos.", "MIT Blackjack Team __knowledge__ Blackjack can be legally beaten by a skilled player.", "MIT Blackjack Team __knowledge__ Beyond the basic strategy of when to hit and when to stand, individual players can use card counting, shuffle tracking or hole carding to improve their odds.", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ Pontoon is a name shared by two distinct card games, both blackjack variants.", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ For those in Australia, Malaysia and Singapore, pontoon is a card game similar to match play 21 or Spanish 21, while in the UK, a game of pontoon holds closer to the traditional blackjack rules, but can be quickly distinguished by the verbal usage of the terms \"twist\" and \"stick\".", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ The Malaysian version of pontoon is played in Australian, Malaysian, British, and Singaporean casinos.", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ using multiple customized decks of cards.", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ In the Treasury Casino, Brisbane, it is known as Treasury 21.", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ In Jupiters Casino, Gold Coast, it is known as Jupiters 21, in the Reef Casino, Cairns, it is known as Paradise Pontoon, and in Tasmania, it is known as Federal Pontoon.", "Ken Uston __knowledge__ Ken Uston (January 12, 1935 – September 19, 1987) was a famous blackjack player, strategist, and author, credited with popularizing the concept of team play at blackjack.", "Ken Uston __knowledge__ During the early to mid-1970s he gained widespread notoriety for perfecting techniques to do team card counting in numerous casinos worldwide, earning millions of dollars from the casinos, with some bets as high as $12,000 on a single hand.", "Ken Uston __knowledge__ He then became famous for being banned from casinos around the world, and thus became a master of disguise as he would adopt various costumes in order to conceal his true identity and still be able to play.", "Mike Aponte __knowledge__ Mike Aponte, also known as MIT Mike, is a professional blackjack player and a former member of the MIT Blackjack Team.", "Mike Aponte __knowledge__ Aponte was part of a team of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) students that legally won millions playing blackjack at casinos around the world by counting cards.", "Mike Aponte __knowledge__ He is the basis for one of the main characters, Jason Fisher, in the book, \"Bringing Down the House\", by Ben Mezrich, which inspired the motion picture, \"21\".", "Mike Aponte __knowledge__ Growing up Aponte rarely played cards.", "Mike Aponte __knowledge__ He was the son of a U.S. Army tactical instructor, and his family moved on a regular basis, both within the United States and overseas.", "Arnold Snyder __knowledge__ Arnold Snyder is a professional gambler and gambling author.", "Arnold Snyder __knowledge__ He was elected by professional blackjack players as one of the seven original inductees into the Blackjack Hall of Fame which is hosted at Barona Casino for his record as a blackjack player and his innovations in professional gambling techniques.", "Arnold Snyder __knowledge__ He was the first blackjack authority to publish the importance of deck penetration (depth of the deal) in card counting, in his 1980 book \"The Blackjack Formula\".", "Arnold Snyder __knowledge__ He was also the first blackjack researcher to publish (in \"Blackjack Forum\", 1981–1983) that radical simplification of blackjack card counting systems did not hurt earnings.", "Nathaniel Tilton __knowledge__ Nathaniel Tilton (born October 8, 1972) is an American former professional blackjack player, author of \"The Blackjack Life\" (Huntington Press, 2012), and Certified Financial Planner.", "Nathaniel Tilton __knowledge__ Tilton was introduced to card counting by reading the books Bringing Down the House and Busting Vegas by Ben Mezrich, which later served as the inspiration for the movie 21.", "Nathaniel Tilton __knowledge__ In 2005, Tilton enrolled in a private instructional program offered by Semyon Dukach, the former MIT Blackjack team manager who was featured in \"Busting Vegas\".", "Nathaniel Tilton __knowledge__ There, Tilton also met fellow attendee, D.A., and the two developed into skilled blackjack professionals.", "David Irvine (blackjack player) __knowledge__ David Irvine is an engineer and professional blackjack player and a former member of the MIT Blackjack Team.", "David Irvine (blackjack player) __knowledge__ Irvine was a part of the blackjack team featured in the best selling book, \"Bringing Down the House\", by Ben Mezrich.", "David Irvine (blackjack player) __knowledge__ Irvine was one of the members of a team of MIT students that won millions at blackjack tables around the world by counting cards.", "David Irvine (blackjack player) __knowledge__ The story of the MIT Blackjack Team was made into a major motion picture, 21, which was released in theaters on March 28, 2008.", "David Irvine (blackjack player) __knowledge__ In 2004, Irvine co-founded a company called the Blackjack Institute with business partner Mike Aponte that provides instructional products and services on how to win at blackjack.", "David Matthews (blackjack player) __knowledge__ David Matthews is an American professional blackjack player and writer.", "David Matthews (blackjack player) __knowledge__ He has competed in the World Series of Blackjack and is the winner of the first season of the CBS elimination blackjack tournament series Ultimate Blackjack Tour.", "David Matthews (blackjack player) __knowledge__ He writes articles on blackjack and tournament strategy for \"All In\" magazine and his articles have been published at Get21 in the ‘Learn from the Pros’ section." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Blackjack, also known as twenty-one, is a comparing card game between usually several players and a dealer, where each player in turn competes against the dealer, but players do not play against each other.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ It is played with one or more decks of 52 cards, and is the most widely played casino banking game in the world.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ The objective of the game is to beat the dealer in one of the following ways: Players are each dealt two cards, face up or down depending on the casino and the table at which you sit.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ In the U.S., the dealer is also dealt two cards, normally one up (exposed) and one down (hidden).", "Blackjack __knowledge__ In most other countries, the dealer receives one card face up.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ The value of cards two through ten is their pip value (2 through 10).", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Face cards (Jack, Queen, and King) are all worth ten.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Aces can be worth one or eleven.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ A hand's value is the sum of the card values.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Players are allowed to draw additional cards to improve their hands.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ A hand with an ace valued as 11 is called \"soft\", meaning that the hand will not bust by taking an additional card; the value of the ace will become one to prevent the hand from exceeding 21.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Otherwise, the hand is \"hard\".", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Once all the players have completed their hands, it is the dealer’s turn.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The fate of the unlearned, also known as the destiny of the unevangelized, is an eschatological question about the ultimate destiny of people who have not been exposed to a particular theology or doctrine and thus have no opportunity to embrace it.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ The question is whether those who never hear of requirements issued through divine revelations will be punished for failure to abide by those requirements.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ It is sometimes addressed in combination with the similar question of the fate of the unbeliever.", "Fate of the unlearned __knowledge__ Differing faith traditions have different responses to the question; in Christianity the fate of the unlearned is related to the question of original sin.", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ The Dominici affair was the criminal investigation into the triple murder of three Britons in France.", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ During the night of 4/5 August 1952, Sir Jack Drummond, a 61-year-old scientist; his 44-year-old wife Anne Wilbraham; and their 10-year-old daughter Elizabeth were murdered next to their car which was parked in a lay-by near \"La Grand'Terre\", the farm belonging to the Dominici family, located near the village of Lurs in the département of Basses-Alpes (now Alpes-de-Haute-Provence).", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ Family patriarch Gaston Dominici was convicted of the three murders in 1957 and sentenced to death, though it was widely believed that his guilt had not been clearly established.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ \"This Is It\" is a song co-written by American pop star and musician Michael Jackson and Canadian singer-songwriter Paul Anka.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ The song was recorded by the former and featured as a track on the album, \"This Is It\" (2009), which accompanies the 2009 concert documentary \"Michael Jackson's This Is It\".", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ It was premiered worldwide on Jackson's official website on October 12, 2009 four months after his death on June 25, 2009.", "This Is It (Michael Jackson song) __knowledge__ Although Sony Music Entertainment referred to the song as a \"new single\" during its promotion, it was later confirmed that the song would only be sent for airplay, and not be available to buy as a single release.", "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ The 2008 presidential campaign of Joe Biden, the longtime Senator from Delaware, announced his candidacy for President of the United States on the edition of January 7, 2007 of \"Meet the Press\".", "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ He officially became a candidate on January 31, 2007 after filing papers with the Federal Elections Commission.", "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ Biden had previously run for president in 1988, but failed to receive the nomination of the Democratic Party.", "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ If elected, Biden would have been the first sitting Senator and Roman Catholic to become president since John F. Kennedy, and the first President to be born during World War II.", "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ (b.", "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008 __knowledge__ 1942) During the campaign, Biden focused on his plan to achieve political success in the Iraq War through a system of federalization.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Crybaby Bridge __knowledge__ Crybaby Bridge is a nickname given to some bridges in the United States.", "Crybaby Bridge __knowledge__ The name often reflects an urban legend that the sound of a baby can be, or has been, heard from the bridge.", "Crybaby Bridge __knowledge__ Many are also accompanied by an urban legend relating to a baby or young child/children.", "Crybaby Bridge __knowledge__ There is an alleged \"Crybaby\" bridge in Blackstone, Virginia.", "Crybaby Bridge __knowledge__ The story goes that some children died around the bridge (accounts vary as to whether their death was accidental or intentional), and that at night their cries can be heard and a woman can be seen walking along the edge of the woods.", "Crybaby Bridge __knowledge__ Other phenomena reported include footsteps and the feeling of an 'evil presence.'", "Squanto __knowledge__ Tisquantum (; 1585 (±10 years ?)", "Squanto __knowledge__ – late November 1622 o.s.", "Squanto __knowledge__ ), more commonly known by the diminutive variant Squanto, was a member of the Patuxet tribe best known for being an early liaison between the native populations in Southern New England and the \"Mayflower\" settlers, who made their settlement at the site of Squanto's former summer village.", "Squanto __knowledge__ The Patuxet tribe had lived on the western coast of Cape Cod Bay, but they were wiped out by an epidemic infection.", "Squanto __knowledge__ Squanto was the last of the tribe, and he acted as a translator, guide, and advisor while he lived with the Pilgrims for 20 months.", "Squanto __knowledge__ He showed them how to sow and fertilize native crops, and this proved to be a boon when the seeds brought largely failed which had been brought from England.", "Card game __knowledge__ A card game is any game using playing cards as the primary device with which the game is played, be they traditional or game-specific.", "Card game __knowledge__ Countless card games exist, including families of related games (such as poker).", "Card game __knowledge__ A small number of card games played with traditional decks have formally standardized rules, but most are folk games whose rules vary by region, culture, and person.", "Card game __knowledge__ Many games that are not generally placed in the family of card games do in fact use cards for some aspect of their gameplay.", "Card game __knowledge__ Similarly, some games that are placed in the card game genre involve a board.", "Card game __knowledge__ The distinction is that the gameplay of a card game primarily depends on the use of the cards by players (the board is simply a guide for scorekeeping or for card placement), while board games (the principal non-card game genre to use cards) generally focus on the players' positions on the board, and use the cards for some secondary purpose.", "Card counting __knowledge__ Card counting is a casino card game strategy used primarily in the blackjack family of casino games to determine whether the next hand is likely to give a probable advantage to the player or to the dealer.", "Card counting __knowledge__ Card counters are a class of advantage players, who attempt to decrease the inherent casino house edge by keeping a running tally of all high and low valued cards seen by the player.", "Card counting __knowledge__ Card counting allows players to bet more with less risk when the count gives an advantage as well as minimize losses during an unfavorable count.", "Card counting __knowledge__ Card counting also provides the ability to alter playing decisions based on the composition of remaining cards.", "Baccarat (card game) __knowledge__ Baccarat or baccara ( or ; ) is a card game played at casinos.", "Baccarat (card game) __knowledge__ There are three popular variants of the game: \"punto banco\" (or \"North American baccarat\"), \"baccarat chemin de fer\" (or \"chemmy\"), and \"baccarat banque\" (or \"à deux tableaux\").", "Baccarat (card game) __knowledge__ In \"Punto banco\", each player's moves are forced by the cards the player is dealt.", "Baccarat (card game) __knowledge__ In \"baccarat chemin de fer\" and \"baccarat banque\", by contrast, both players can make choices.", "Baccarat (card game) __knowledge__ The winning odds are in favour of the bank, with a house edge no lower than around 1 percent.", "Baccarat (card game) __knowledge__ Baccarat is a comparing card game played between two hands, the \"player\" and the \"banker\".", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ Pontoon is a name shared by two distinct card games, both blackjack variants.", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ For those in Australia, Malaysia and Singapore, pontoon is a card game similar to match play 21 or Spanish 21, while in the UK, a game of pontoon holds closer to the traditional blackjack rules, but can be quickly distinguished by the verbal usage of the terms \"twist\" and \"stick\".", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ The Malaysian version of pontoon is played in Australian, Malaysian, British, and Singaporean casinos.", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ using multiple customized decks of cards.", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ In the Treasury Casino, Brisbane, it is known as Treasury 21.", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ In Jupiters Casino, Gold Coast, it is known as Jupiters 21, in the Reef Casino, Cairns, it is known as Paradise Pontoon, and in Tasmania, it is known as Federal Pontoon.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ This is a list of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets which is a collectible card game first released in Japan in 1996.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ As of September 2017, there are 74 card sets released in America and 68 in Japan.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ The sets are generally broken into two lists; One for the first line of Wizards of the Coast cards, and the second after Nintendo's acquisition of the card game after Wizards.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ When the series first launched in English in late 1998, Wizards of the Coast handled publishing.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ The 1998 Pokémon Demo Game Pack was the earliest Pokémon card pack to be produced and released in the English Pokémon TCG and served as the first introduction to Pokemon cards in the United States.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The DiMeo crime family, later referred to as the Soprano crime family, is a fictional Mafia family from the HBO series \"The Sopranos.\"", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ It is thought to be loosely based on the DeCavalcante crime family, a real New Jersey Mafia family.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The DiMeo crime family consists of an administration and six crews.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters from \"The Sopranos\" that are associated with the DiMeo crime family.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ In the series, the DiMeo crime family is believed to have been formed in Northern New Jersey in the 1950s.", "List of The Sopranos characters in the Soprano crime family __knowledge__ Ercole DiMeo is believed to have been the first official boss, although according to the book, \"The Sopranos Family History\" by Allen Rucker and David Chase, there was an earlier boss named Alfano, but he is never mentioned in the series." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Blackjack, also known as twenty-one, is a comparing card game between usually several players and a dealer, where each player in turn competes against the dealer, but players do not play against each other.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ It is played with one or more decks of 52 cards, and is the most widely played casino banking game in the world.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ The objective of the game is to beat the dealer in one of the following ways: Players are each dealt two cards, face up or down depending on the casino and the table at which you sit.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ In the U.S., the dealer is also dealt two cards, normally one up (exposed) and one down (hidden).", "Blackjack __knowledge__ In most other countries, the dealer receives one card face up.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ The value of cards two through ten is their pip value (2 through 10).", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Face cards (Jack, Queen, and King) are all worth ten.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Aces can be worth one or eleven.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ A hand's value is the sum of the card values.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Players are allowed to draw additional cards to improve their hands.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ A hand with an ace valued as 11 is called \"soft\", meaning that the hand will not bust by taking an additional card; the value of the ace will become one to prevent the hand from exceeding 21.", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Otherwise, the hand is \"hard\".", "Blackjack __knowledge__ Once all the players have completed their hands, it is the dealer’s turn.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Arthur Penhallow (born December 20, 1943) is a radio presenter in Detroit, Michigan who hosted afternoons on active rock station WRIF from 1970-2009.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ On March 30, 2009, WRIF owner Greater Media announced that the station and Penhallow had been unable to come to terms on a new contract.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Penhallow was born in Honolulu, Hawaii.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Arthur being a Vietnam veteran served in the USAF from 1962 through 1968.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Before beginning his long tenure with WRIF, Art had toured with a band that played with the Mamas & the Papas, among others.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Under the name \"Cicero Grimes\", he worked at WNRZ in Ann Arbor in 1970, and then moved to WRIF's predecessor, WXYZ-FM, which at the time was airing a syndicated progressive-rock format distributed by ABC called \"Love\".", "Derek Jewell __knowledge__ Derek Jewell, (1927 - 21 November 1985) was a British writer, broadcaster and music critic.", "Derek Jewell __knowledge__ A music critic for the London \"Sunday Times\" for twenty-three years, Jewell wrote extensively about jazz, and also introduced British audiences to avant garde jazz, rock and improvisational music, especially through live performances on his BBC Radio show, \"Sounds Interesting\".", "Derek Jewell __knowledge__ In addition to producing columns of music criticism for the \"Sunday Times\" (he also wrote periodically for the now-defunct \"Illustrated London News\"), Jewell was the author of a number of books about popular music including \"The Popular Voice\" (1980), \"Duke - A Portrait of Duke Ellington\" (1977), and \"Frank Sinatra\" (co-written with George Perry, 1985).", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ Keith Noel Emerson (2 November 1944 – 11 March 2016) was an English musician and composer.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ He played keyboards in a number of bands before finding his first commercial success with the Nice in the late 1960s.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ He became internationally famous for his work with the Nice, which included writing rock arrangements of classical music.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ After leaving the Nice in 1970, he was a founding member of Emerson, Lake & Palmer (ELP), one of the early progressive rock supergroups.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ Emerson, Lake & Palmer were commercially successful through much of the 1970s, becoming one of the best-known progressive rock groups of the era.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "WRIF __knowledge__ WRIF (101.1 FM) is a commercial active rock radio station licensed in Detroit, Michigan and serving Metro Detroit.", "WRIF __knowledge__ The station is currently owned by Beasley Media Group.", "WRIF __knowledge__ WRIF is a grandfathered \"Superpower\" Class B station with a signal equivalent to 92,000 watts at 500 ft; stated another way, under current U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) limits for Class B stations, WRIF would be allowed to broadcast an effective radiated power (ERP) of at most 16,000 watts using an antenna 268 meters high.", "WRIF __knowledge__ As such, the signal can be heard as far as Lexington, MI; Jackson; Chatham-Kent and Lambton County, Ontario; North Baltimore, Ohio; and occasionally as far south as Delaware, Ohio.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune Records was an American family operated, independent record label located in Detroit, Michigan from 1946 to 1995.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ The label owners were Jack and Devora Brown, their son Sheldon Brown recorded for the label.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Original releases tapered off after 1972 aside from a few albums in the mid-1980s.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune specialized in R&B, blues, soul and doo-wop music, although the label also released pop, big band, hillbilly, gospel, rock and roll, and polka records.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune released some doo-wop tunes by Nolan Strong & The Diablos, such as \"The Wind\" (Fortune 511, 1954), \"The Way You Dog Me Around\" (Fortune 518, 1955), and \"Mind Over Matter\" (Fortune 546, 1962).", "Card counting __knowledge__ Card counting is a casino card game strategy used primarily in the blackjack family of casino games to determine whether the next hand is likely to give a probable advantage to the player or to the dealer.", "Card counting __knowledge__ Card counters are a class of advantage players, who attempt to decrease the inherent casino house edge by keeping a running tally of all high and low valued cards seen by the player.", "Card counting __knowledge__ Card counting allows players to bet more with less risk when the count gives an advantage as well as minimize losses during an unfavorable count.", "Card counting __knowledge__ Card counting also provides the ability to alter playing decisions based on the composition of remaining cards.", "Blackjack Switch __knowledge__ Blackjack Switch is a casino gambling game invented by Geoff Hall and patented in 2009.", "Blackjack Switch __knowledge__ It is based on blackjack, but differs in that two hands, rather than one, are dealt to each playing position, and the player is initially allowed to exchange (\"switch\") the top two cards between hands.", "Blackjack Switch __knowledge__ Natural blackjacks are paid 1:1 instead of the standard 3:2, and a dealer hard 22 pushes all player hands except a natural.", "Blackjack Switch __knowledge__ Blackjack Switch was conceived after Hall - who was a card counter at the time - became frustrated at being dealt 2 weak hands when playing Blackjack that could be improved dramatically if the top two cards were allowed to be switched.", "Chinese Blackjack __knowledge__ Chinese Blackjack is also known as 21-point, or ban-luck (Hokkien) or ban-nag (Cantonese).", "Chinese Blackjack __knowledge__ The game is played in South East Asia which bears similarity to conventional Blackjack.", "Chinese Blackjack __knowledge__ In Malaysia, this variant is known as Kampung (Village) Blackjack, to differentiate from the standard Casino Blackjack, and it grew from the game played in the old days in villages.", "Chinese Blackjack __knowledge__ Traditionally, most non-hardcore gamblers will play some form of gambling during the Chinese New Year as it is believed the new year brings in fresh new luck, and Chinese Blackjack is one of the most popular games to be played during the new year.", "Aces and eights (blackjack) __knowledge__ Splitting aces and eights is part of blackjack basic strategy.", "Aces and eights (blackjack) __knowledge__ Rules vary across gambling establishments regarding resplitting, doubling, multiple card draws, and the payout for blackjack, and there are conditional strategic responses that depend upon the number of decks used, the frequency of shuffling and dealer's cards.", "Aces and eights (blackjack) __knowledge__ However, regardless of the various situations, the common strategic wisdom in the blackjack community is to \"Always split aces and eights\" when dealt either pair as initial cards.", "Aces and eights (blackjack) __knowledge__ This is generally the first rule of any splitting strategy.", "Aces and eights (blackjack) __knowledge__ The object of blackjack is for a player to defeat the dealer by obtaining a total as close to 21 as possible without accumulating a total that exceeds this number.", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ Pontoon is a name shared by two distinct card games, both blackjack variants.", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ For those in Australia, Malaysia and Singapore, pontoon is a card game similar to match play 21 or Spanish 21, while in the UK, a game of pontoon holds closer to the traditional blackjack rules, but can be quickly distinguished by the verbal usage of the terms \"twist\" and \"stick\".", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ The Malaysian version of pontoon is played in Australian, Malaysian, British, and Singaporean casinos.", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ using multiple customized decks of cards.", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ In the Treasury Casino, Brisbane, it is known as Treasury 21.", "Pontoon (card game) __knowledge__ In Jupiters Casino, Gold Coast, it is known as Jupiters 21, in the Reef Casino, Cairns, it is known as Paradise Pontoon, and in Tasmania, it is known as Federal Pontoon.", "Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (blackjack) __knowledge__ Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse is the name given by gambling authors to the four U.S. Army engineers who first discovered in the 1950s the best playing strategy in the casino game of Blackjack that can be formulated on the basis of the player's and the dealer's cards.", "Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (blackjack) __knowledge__ The so-called Basic Strategy, which was subsequently refined through the use of computers and combinatorial analysis, loses the least money to the casino in the long term.", "Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (blackjack) __knowledge__ In 1953, Roger Baldwin, a private in the U.S. Army with a master's degree in Mathematics from Columbia University, stationed in Aberdeen Proving Ground, the U.S. Army's oldest active proving ground, was playing dealer's choice poker in the barracks." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 3 ]

[ "I would like to become a professional Blackjack player.", "Blackjack, also known as twenty-one, is a comparing card game between usually several players and a dealer.", "Sure, in Blackjack each player competes against the dealer but not against each other.", "The objective is to beat the dealer getting the closes to a total of twenty one but not more, with at least two cards." ]

[ "Blackjack", "Blackjack", "Blackjack", "Blackjack" ]

[ "Wall Street\nWall Street seems like a ridiculous financial center", "I didn't realize it was that large. Have you seen The Wolf of Wallstreet?", "I really want to go to see a show on broadway soon", "I think I will. Are they in Manhattan?", "I have been to Manhattan before but not to those specific areas" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Wall Street is an eight-block-long street running roughly northwest to southeast from Broadway to South Street, at the East River, in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Over time, the term has become a metonym for the financial markets of the United States as a whole, the American financial services industry (even if financial firms are not physically located there), or New York-based financial interests.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Anchored by Wall Street, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and the city is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization, the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Several other major exchanges have or had headquarters in the Wall Street area, including the New York Mercantile Exchange, the New York Board of Trade, and the former American Stock Exchange.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ There are varying accounts about how the Dutch-named \"de Waalstraat\" got its name.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ A generally accepted version is that the name of the street was derived from a wall (actually a wooden palisade) on the northern boundary of the New Amsterdam settlement, built to protect against Native Americans, pirates, and the British.", "Battery Park City __knowledge__ Battery Park City is a mainly residential planned community on the west side of the southern tip of the island of Manhattan in New York City.", "Battery Park City __knowledge__ More than one-third of the development is parkland.", "Battery Park City __knowledge__ The land upon which it is built was created by land reclamation on the Hudson River using over of soil and rock excavated during the construction of the World Trade Center, the New York City Water Tunnel, and certain other construction projects, as well as from sand dredged from New York Harbor off Staten Island.", "Battery Park City __knowledge__ The neighborhood, which is the site of Brookfield Place (formerly the World Financial Center), along with numerous buildings designed for housing, commercial, and retail, is named for adjacent Battery Park.", "The Wall Street Journal __knowledge__ The Wall Street Journal is an American business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City.", "The Wall Street Journal __knowledge__ The \"Journal\", along with its Asian and European editions, is published six days a week by Dow Jones & Company, a division of News Corp.", "The Wall Street Journal __knowledge__ The newspaper is published in the broadsheet format and online.", "The Wall Street Journal __knowledge__ \"The Wall Street Journal\" is the largest newspaper in the United States by circulation.", "The Wall Street Journal __knowledge__ According to News Corp, in their June 2017 10-K Filing with the SEC, the \"Journal\" had a circulation of about 2.277million copies (including nearly 1,270,000 digital subscriptions) , compared with \"USA Today\"s 1.7million.", "Wall Street West __knowledge__ Wall Street West is a name used by real estate developers, city officials and news media in the United States to call particular streets or places west of Manhattan that have a high concentration of Wall Street companies or a major exchange.", "Wall Street West __knowledge__ The most notable for that is along the waterfront of Jersey City, New Jersey.", "Wall Street West __knowledge__ For those locations in the Western United States, the name \"Wall Street of the West\" has been used in the latter part of the 19th century.", "Wall Street West __knowledge__ Montgomery Street in San Francisco has been known by that nickname to date.", "Wall Street West __knowledge__ A couple of other places were known by that name for a period of time and that was faded away when the industry moved out to other areas.", "Initial public offering of Facebook __knowledge__ The social networking company Facebook held its initial public offering (IPO) on Friday, May 18, 2012.", "Initial public offering of Facebook __knowledge__ The IPO was the biggest in technology and one of the biggest in Internet history, with a peak market capitalization of over $104 billion.", "Initial public offering of Facebook __knowledge__ Media pundits called it a \"cultural touchstone.\"", "Initial public offering of Facebook __knowledge__ For years, Facebook and Zuckerberg resisted both buyouts and taking the company public.", "Initial public offering of Facebook __knowledge__ The main reason that the company decided to go public is because it crossed the threshold of 500 shareholders, according to Reuters financial blogger Felix Salmon.", "Initial public offering of Facebook __knowledge__ Facebook reportedly turned down a $75 million offer from Viacom in 2006.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "Lower Manhattan __knowledge__ Lower Manhattan, also known as Downtown Manhattan, is the southernmost part of Manhattan, the central borough for business, culture, and government in the City of New York, which itself originated at the southern tip of Manhattan Island in 1624.", "Lower Manhattan __knowledge__ Lower Manhattan is defined most commonly as the area delineated on the north by 14th Street, on the west by the Hudson River, on the east by the East River, and on the south by New York Harbor (also known as Upper New York Bay).", "Lower Manhattan __knowledge__ When referring specifically to the Lower Manhattan business district and its immediate environs, the northern border is commonly designated by thoroughfares approximately a mile-and-a-half south of 14th Street and a mile north of the island's southern tip: Chambers Street from near the Hudson east to the Brooklyn Bridge entrances and overpass." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Wall Street is an eight-block-long street running roughly northwest to southeast from Broadway to South Street, at the East River, in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Over time, the term has become a metonym for the financial markets of the United States as a whole, the American financial services industry (even if financial firms are not physically located there), or New York-based financial interests.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Anchored by Wall Street, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and the city is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization, the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Several other major exchanges have or had headquarters in the Wall Street area, including the New York Mercantile Exchange, the New York Board of Trade, and the former American Stock Exchange.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ There are varying accounts about how the Dutch-named \"de Waalstraat\" got its name.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ A generally accepted version is that the name of the street was derived from a wall (actually a wooden palisade) on the northern boundary of the New Amsterdam settlement, built to protect against Native Americans, pirates, and the British.", "Mike Rotunda __knowledge__ Lawrence Michael Rotunda (born March 30, 1958) is an American retired professional wrestler.", "Mike Rotunda __knowledge__ He is best known for his appearances with the World Wrestling Federation and World Championship Wrestling in the 1980s and 1990s under the ring names Mike Rotunda, Irwin R. Schyster and V.K.", "Mike Rotunda __knowledge__ Wallstreet.", "Mike Rotunda __knowledge__ Over the course of his career, Rotunda held championships including the NWA World Tag Team Championship, NWA World Television Championship and WWF World Tag Team Championship.", "Mike Rotunda __knowledge__ Rotunda attended Newark Valley High School in Newark Valley, New York.", "Mike Rotunda __knowledge__ He participated in amateur wrestling, becoming a sectional champion in the 215 lb class in 1976, and placing 4th at the New York State Championships.", "PowerBook G3 __knowledge__ The PowerBook G3 is a series of laptop Macintosh personal computers designed, manufactured and sold by Apple Computer, Inc. from 1997 to 2001.", "PowerBook G3 __knowledge__ It was the first laptop to use the PowerPC G3 (PPC740/750) series of microprocessors, and was marketed as the fastest laptop in the world for its entire production run.", "PowerBook G3 __knowledge__ The PowerBook G3 was succeeded by the PowerBook G4.", "PowerBook G3 __knowledge__ The first Macintosh PowerBook G3, code-named \"Kanga,\" was introduced in November 1997.", "PowerBook G3 __knowledge__ At the time of its introduction, the PowerBook G3 was advertised as the fastest notebook computer available (a title formerly held by its predecessor, the 240 MHz PPC-603ev-based PowerBook 3400c).", "The York Foundation __knowledge__ The York Foundation was a professional wrestling heel stable in that worked in World Championship Wrestling between 1990 and 1992.", "The York Foundation __knowledge__ The stable was led by businesswoman Alexandra York with each member of the stable adopting business suits & attitudes after joining the stable.", "The York Foundation __knowledge__ Miss Alexandra York entered WCW near the end of 1990 as the manager / Financial analyst of Mike Rotunda.", "The York Foundation __knowledge__ According to the storyline Rotunda had inherited a lot of money, turned heel and then adopted the name “Michael Wallstreet” (a gimmick patterned after Gordon Gekko from the film \"Wall Street\").", "The York Foundation __knowledge__ Miss York would use her laptop to analyze Wallstreet’s opponents and help him win matches.", "Souled Out (1997) __knowledge__ Souled Out (1997) was the inaugural Souled Out professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW).", "Souled Out (1997) __knowledge__ The event took place on January 25, 1997 from the Five Seasons Center in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.", "Souled Out (1997) __knowledge__ The pay-per-view was presented by the nWo in storyline and the official title of the event was nWo Souled Out.", "Souled Out (1997) __knowledge__ It was an nWo-themed pay-per-view, with nWo official referee Nick Patrick officiating all of the matches by wearing an nWo T-shirt and cap and the group's members Eric Bischoff and Ted DiBiase providing commentary.", "Souled Out (1997) __knowledge__ Eight matches were contested at the event and all the matches featured WCW roster versus nWo members.", "Team 2000 __knowledge__ Team 2000 was a professional wrestling stable that competed in New Japan Pro Wrestling.", "Team 2000 __knowledge__ Throughout its tenure, T2000 was New Japan's top heel stable.", "Team 2000 __knowledge__ In August 1998, Masahiro Chono was leader of nWo Japan and won the IWGP Heavyweight Championship.", "Team 2000 __knowledge__ By September, Chono suffered a neck injury which forced him to vacate the IWGP Title and take time off.", "Team 2000 __knowledge__ During Chono's absence, Keiji Mutoh assumed control of nWo Japan and changed its philosophy making them a Face stable.", "Team 2000 __knowledge__ Upon his return in February 1999, Chono became angry with nWo Japan's direction and decided to break away from the faction and formed a new stable, Team 2000, to battle nWo Japan.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ The gray wolf (\"Canis lupus\"), also known as the timber wolf or western wolf, is a canine native to the wilderness and remote areas of Eurasia and North America.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ It is the largest extant member of its family, with males averaging and females .", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Like the red wolf, it is distinguished from other \"Canis\" species by its larger size and less pointed features, particularly on the ears and muzzle.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Its winter fur is long and bushy and predominantly a mottled gray in color, although nearly pure white, red, and brown to black also occur.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ \"Mammal Species of the World\" (3rd ed., 2005), a standard reference work in zoology, recognises 38 subspecies of \"C. lupus\"..Gray wolfs are pack hunters.", "Wolf hunting __knowledge__ Wolf hunting is the practice of hunting gray wolves \"(Canis lupus)\" or other species of wolves.", "Wolf hunting __knowledge__ Wolves are mainly hunted for sport, for their skins, to protect livestock (wolves are responsible for only .02% of livestock death each year), and, in some rare cases, to protect humans.", "Wolf hunting __knowledge__ Wolves have been actively hunted since 8,000 to 10,000 years ago, when they first began to pose a threat to livestock vital for the survival of Neolithic human communities.", "Wolf hunting __knowledge__ Historically, the hunting of wolves was a huge capital- and manpower-intensive operation.", "Wolf hunting __knowledge__ The threat wolves posed to both livestock and people was considered significant enough to warrant the conscription of whole villages under threat of punishment, despite the disruption of economic activities and reduced taxes.", "Reactions to Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ The Occupy Wall Street demonstrations garnered reactions of both praise and criticism from organizations and public figures in many parts of the world.", "Reactions to Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ Over time, a long list of notable people from a range of backgrounds began and continue to lend their support or make reference to the Occupy movement in general.", "Reactions to Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ Domestic political responses have been both positive and critical, from the President of the United States to the 2012 presidential candidates.", "Reactions to Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ International responses have come from the Egyptian protesters of Tahrir Square, Cardinal Peter Turkson, the Chinese state news agency (Xinhua), Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, and many others.", "Occupy movement __knowledge__ The Occupy movement is an international socio-political movement against social and economic inequality and lack of \"real democracy\" around the world, its primary goal being to advance social and economic justice and new forms of democracy.", "Occupy movement __knowledge__ The movement has many different scopes; local groups often have different focuses, but among the movement's prime concerns are how large corporations (and the global financial system) control the world in a way that disproportionately benefits a minority, undermines democracy, and is unstable.", "Occupy movement __knowledge__ It is part of what Manfred Steger calls the \"global justice movement\".", "Occupy movement in the United States __knowledge__ The Occupy movement began in the United States initially with the Occupy Wall Street protests but spread to many other cities, both in the United States and worldwide.", "Occupy movement in the United States __knowledge__ This list article is a summary of occupy events that have occurred in cities in the United States.", "Occupy movement in the United States __knowledge__ Occupy Ashland included a peaceful protest and demonstration against economic inequality, corporate greed and the influence of corporations and lobbyists on government which has taken place in Ashland, Oregon, United States since October 6, 2011.", "Occupy movement in the United States __knowledge__ The protests began in solidarity with the Occupy Wall Street protests in New York.", "Occupy movement in the United States __knowledge__ The protests included an occupation of the downtown Plaza and a daily picket outside the JPMorgan Chase branch in Ashland.", "Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ Occupy Wall Street (OWS) was a protest movement that began on September 17, 2011, in Zuccotti Park, located in New York City's Wall Street financial district, receiving global attention and spawning a surge in the movement against economic inequality worldwide.", "Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ The Canadian anti-consumerist and pro-environment group/magazine \"Adbusters\" initiated the call for a protest.", "Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ The main issues raised by Occupy Wall Street were social and economic inequality, greed, corruption and the perceived undue influence of corporations on government—particularly from the financial services sector.", "Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ The OWS slogan, \"We are the 99%\", refers to income inequality and wealth distribution in the U.S. between the wealthiest 1% and the rest of the population.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ The United States (U.S.) subprime mortgage crisis was a nationwide banking emergency, occurring between 2007-2010, which contributed to the U.S. recession of December 2007 – June 2009.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ It was triggered by a large decline in home prices after the collapse of a housing bubble, leading to mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures and the devaluation of housing-related securities.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Declines in residential investment preceded the recession and were followed by reductions in household spending and then business investment.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Spending reductions were more significant in areas with a combination of high household debt and larger housing price declines.", "Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps __knowledge__ Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps (also known as Wall Street 2 or Wall Street 2: Money Never Sleeps) is a 2010 American drama film directed by Oliver Stone, a sequel to \"Wall Street\" (1987).", "Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps __knowledge__ It stars Michael Douglas, Shia LaBeouf, Josh Brolin, Carey Mulligan, Frank Langella, Susan Sarandon and, in his final film role before his death in 2014, Eli Wallach.", "Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps __knowledge__ The film takes place in New York, 23 years after the original, and revolves around the 2008 financial crisis.", "Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps __knowledge__ Its plot centers on a reformed Gordon Gekko, played by Douglas, acting as an antihero rather than a villain, and follows his attempts to repair his relationship with his daughter Winnie (Mulligan), with the help of her fiancé, Jacob (LaBeouf)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Wall Street is an eight-block-long street running roughly northwest to southeast from Broadway to South Street, at the East River, in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Over time, the term has become a metonym for the financial markets of the United States as a whole, the American financial services industry (even if financial firms are not physically located there), or New York-based financial interests.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Anchored by Wall Street, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and the city is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization, the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Several other major exchanges have or had headquarters in the Wall Street area, including the New York Mercantile Exchange, the New York Board of Trade, and the former American Stock Exchange.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ There are varying accounts about how the Dutch-named \"de Waalstraat\" got its name.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ A generally accepted version is that the name of the street was derived from a wall (actually a wooden palisade) on the northern boundary of the New Amsterdam settlement, built to protect against Native Americans, pirates, and the British.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ All I Really Want to Do is the debut solo studio album by American singer-actress Cher and was released on October 16, 1965, by Imperial Records.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ The album was produced for Cher by her then husband and singing partner, Sonny Bono, with contributions from arranger Harold Battiste.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ The album is by-and-large a collection of cover versions but does contain three songs written by Bono.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ Upon its release, the album was well received by critics and garnered positive reviews.", "All I Really Want to Do (album) __knowledge__ At the same time that the duo Sonny & Cher were debuting on Atco Records, Sonny Bono arranged a solo deal for Cher on the Imperial label.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ \"All I Really Want to Do\" is a song written by Bob Dylan and featured on his Tom Wilson-produced 1964 album, \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\" (\"see\" 1964 in music).", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ It is arguably one of the most popular songs that Dylan wrote in the period immediately after he abandoned topical songwriting.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ Within a year of its release on \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\", it had also become one of Dylan's most familiar songs to pop and rock audiences, due to hit cover versions by Cher and the Byrds.", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ \"All I Really Want to Do\" was first released on Dylan's 1964 album \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\".", "All I Really Want to Do __knowledge__ The song was also included on the Dylan compilations \"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Vol.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ Hair: The American Tribal Love-Rock Musical is a rock musical with a book and lyrics by James Rado and Gerome Ragni and music by Galt MacDermot.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ A product of the hippie counterculture and sexual revolution of the late 1960s, several of its songs became anthems of the anti-Vietnam War peace movement.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ The musical's profanity, its depiction of the use of illegal drugs, its treatment of sexuality, its irreverence for the American flag, and its nude scene caused much comment and controversy.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ The musical broke new ground in musical theatre by defining the genre of \"rock musical\", using a racially integrated cast, and inviting the audience onstage for a \"Be-In\" finale.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ \"Do You Really Want to Hurt Me\" is a song written and recorded by the British new wave band Culture Club.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ Released as a single in September 1982 from the group's platinum-selling debut album \"Kissing to Be Clever\", it was the band's first UK #1 hit.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ In the United States, the single was released in November 1982 and also became a huge hit, reaching #2 for three weeks.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ \"Do You Really Want to Hurt Me\" was the third single released in Europe by Culture Club and their debut release in the United States and Canada.", "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me __knowledge__ The song was picked up by BBC Radio 2 and became a UK #1 single for three weeks in October 1982.", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ Al Jolson (born Asa Yoelson; May 26, 1886 – October 23, 1950) was an American singer, comedian, stage and film actor.", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ At the peak of his career, he was dubbed \"The World's Greatest Entertainer.\"", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ His performing style was brash and extroverted, and he popularized a large number of songs that benefited from his \"shamelessly sentimental, melodramatic approach.\"", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ Numerous well-known singers were influenced by his music, including Bing Crosby, Bob Dylan, Rod Stewart, David Bowie and others.", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ Dylan once referred to him as \"somebody whose life I can feel.\"", "Al Jolson __knowledge__ Broadway critic Gilbert Seldes compared him to the Greek god Pan, claiming that Jolson represented \"the concentration of our national health and gaiety.\"", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ The Byrds were an American rock band, formed in Los Angeles, California in 1964.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ The band underwent multiple lineup changes throughout its existence, with frontman Roger McGuinn (known as Jim McGuinn until mid-1967) remaining the sole consistent member, until the group disbanded in 1973.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ Although they only managed to attain the huge commercial success of contemporaries like the Beatles, the Beach Boys, and the Rolling Stones for a short period in the mid-60s, the Byrds are today considered by critics to be one of the most influential bands of the 1960s.", "The Byrds __knowledge__ Their signature blend of clear harmony singing and McGuinn's jangly twelve-string Rickenbacker guitar was immediately absorbed into the vocabulary of popular music and has continued to be influential up to the present day.", "South Street Headhouse District __knowledge__ The South Street Headhouse District (also referred to as South Street, even though it also includes Pine Street and only spans the streets east of Broad Street) in Philadelphia is an area with more than 300 stores which includes a diverse urban mix of shops, bars and eateries.", "South Street Headhouse District __knowledge__ The neighborhood is generally bounded between Front Street and Seventh Street and includes Pine Street and is known for its \"bohemian\", \"punk\", and generally \"alternative\" atmosphere.", "South Street Headhouse District __knowledge__ It is one of Philadelphia's largest tourist attractions.", "South Street Headhouse District __knowledge__ In 2014, the area's population was 27,805.", "South Street Headhouse District __knowledge__ The average age for the neighborhood is 34.9, with 57.44% of the population between the ages of 18 to 44 and 62.3% of the population are renters with the average income of $71,856.", "Van Cortlandt Park __knowledge__ Van Cortlandt Park is a park located in the borough of the Bronx in New York City.", "Van Cortlandt Park __knowledge__ Owned by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation, it is managed with assistance from the Van Cortlandt Park Conservancy and the Friends of Van Cortlandt Park.", "Van Cortlandt Park __knowledge__ The park, the city's third-largest, was named for the Van Cortlandt family, which was prominent in the area during the Dutch and English colonial periods.", "Van Cortlandt Park __knowledge__ Van Cortlandt Park's sports facilities include two golf courses and several miles of paths for running, as well as smaller facilities for swimming, baseball, soccer, tennis, horseback riding, cross-country running, and cricket.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "South Street (Manhattan) __knowledge__ South Street is a street in Lower Manhattan, New York City, located immediately adjacent to the East River.", "South Street (Manhattan) __knowledge__ It runs from Whitehall Street near the southern tip of Manhattan to Jackson Street near the Williamsburg Bridge.", "South Street (Manhattan) __knowledge__ The Franklin D. Roosevelt East River Drive, in an elevated portion known as the South Street Viaduct, runs along the entire length of the street.", "South Street (Manhattan) __knowledge__ The street is noted for the South Street Seaport, south of the Brooklyn Bridge, and is the former site of the Fulton Fish Market, which was located just to the north of the seaport.", "South Street (Manhattan) __knowledge__ Knickerbocker Village, a municipal housing project fronts on South Street between the Brooklyn Bridge and Manhattan Bridge in the \"Two Bridges\" neighborhood.", "South Street (Philadelphia) __knowledge__ South Street is a street in Philadelphia, which was originally named \"Cedar Street\" in William Penn's original street grid, it is an east-west street forming the southern border of Center City and the northern border for South Philadelphia.", "South Street (Philadelphia) __knowledge__ The stretch of South Street between Front Street and Seventh Street is known for its \"bohemian\", \"punk\", and generally \"alternative\" atmosphere and its diverse urban mix of shops, bars, and eateries.", "South Street (Philadelphia) __knowledge__ It is one of Philadelphia's largest tourist attractions.", "South Street (Philadelphia) __knowledge__ From west to east, South Street traverses the following neighborhoods: South Street begins at 33rd and Spruce Streets in University City, heading east-southeast past the University of Pennsylvania's Franklin Field and the University Museum.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Drayton and Toowoomba Cemetery __knowledge__ Drayton and Toowoomba Cemetery is a heritage-listed cemetery at the corner of South Street and Anzac Avenue, Harristown, Queensland, Australia.", "Drayton and Toowoomba Cemetery __knowledge__ It was surveyed in May 1850, and is one of the earliest surviving cemeteries in Queensland.", "Drayton and Toowoomba Cemetery __knowledge__ The cemetery is large, containing over 45,000 burials.", "Drayton and Toowoomba Cemetery __knowledge__ It has been run by the City of Toowoomba, and its successor the Toowoomba Regional Council, since 1974; previously it was run by government-appointed trustees.", "Drayton and Toowoomba Cemetery __knowledge__ Many prominent people associated with the Darling Downs are buried in the cemetery, and all sections of the cemetery remain in use.", "Drayton and Toowoomba Cemetery __knowledge__ Notable Toowoomba stonemasons R. C. Ziegler & Son, Henry Bailey, Walter Bruce, John H. Wagner and the Bruce Brothers are all associated with monuments within the cemetery." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Wall Street is an eight-block-long street running roughly northwest to southeast from Broadway to South Street, at the East River, in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Over time, the term has become a metonym for the financial markets of the United States as a whole, the American financial services industry (even if financial firms are not physically located there), or New York-based financial interests.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Anchored by Wall Street, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and the city is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization, the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Several other major exchanges have or had headquarters in the Wall Street area, including the New York Mercantile Exchange, the New York Board of Trade, and the former American Stock Exchange.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ There are varying accounts about how the Dutch-named \"de Waalstraat\" got its name.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ A generally accepted version is that the name of the street was derived from a wall (actually a wooden palisade) on the northern boundary of the New Amsterdam settlement, built to protect against Native Americans, pirates, and the British.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 was the original design for the streets of Manhattan above Houston Street and below 155th Street, which put in place the rectangular grid plan of streets and lots that has defined Manhattan to this day.", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ It has been called \"the single most important document in New York City's development,\" and the plan has been described as encompassing the \"republican predilection for control and balance ... [and] distrust of nature.\"", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ It was described by the Commission that created it as combining \"beauty, order and convenience.\"", "Commissioners' Plan of 1811 __knowledge__ The plan originated when the Common Council of New York City, seeking to provide for the orderly development and sale of the land of Manhattan between 14th Street and Washington Heights, but unable to do so itself for reasons of local politics and objections from property owners, asked the New York State Legislature to step in.", "Manhattan Project __knowledge__ The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons.", "Manhattan Project __knowledge__ It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada.", "Manhattan Project __knowledge__ From 1942 to 1946, the project was under the direction of Major General Leslie Groves of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.", "Manhattan Project __knowledge__ Nuclear physicist Robert Oppenheimer was the director of the Los Alamos Laboratory that designed the actual bombs.", "Manhattan Project __knowledge__ The Army component of the project was designated the Manhattan District; \"Manhattan\" gradually superseded the official codename, Development of Substitute Materials, for the entire project.", "Manhattan, Kansas __knowledge__ Manhattan is a city in northeastern Kansas in the United States at the junction of the Kansas River and Big Blue River.", "Manhattan, Kansas __knowledge__ It is the county seat of Riley County, although it extends into Pottawatomie County.", "Manhattan, Kansas __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the city population was 52,281.", "Manhattan, Kansas __knowledge__ The city was founded by settlers from the New England Emigrant Aid Company as a Free-State town in the 1850s, during the Bleeding Kansas era.", "Manhattan, Kansas __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Little Apple\" as a play on New York City's \"Big Apple\", Manhattan is best known as the home of Kansas State University and has a distinct college town atmosphere.", "Manhattan, Kansas __knowledge__ Manhattan Regional Airport (MHK) is the second busiest commercial airport in Kansas.", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "Manhattan Beach, California __knowledge__ Manhattan Beach is a city in southwestern Los Angeles County, California, United States, on the Pacific coast south of El Segundo, and north of Hermosa Beach.", "Manhattan Beach, California __knowledge__ Manhattan Beach is one of the three Beach Cities that make up the South Bay.", "Manhattan Beach, California __knowledge__ Mira Costa High School in Manhattan Beach is ranked in the top 1% of high schools nationally.", "Manhattan Beach, California __knowledge__ In 2016, Forbes ranked Manhattan Beach at #74 on its list of America's most expensive zip codes with a median home price of $2,815,327.", "Manhattan Beach, California __knowledge__ According to a May 18, 2017 Property Shark study the City of Manhattan Beach 90266 zip code ranked as the 32nd most expensive zip code in the United States.", "Lower Manhattan __knowledge__ Lower Manhattan, also known as Downtown Manhattan, is the southernmost part of Manhattan, the central borough for business, culture, and government in the City of New York, which itself originated at the southern tip of Manhattan Island in 1624.", "Lower Manhattan __knowledge__ Lower Manhattan is defined most commonly as the area delineated on the north by 14th Street, on the west by the Hudson River, on the east by the East River, and on the south by New York Harbor (also known as Upper New York Bay).", "Lower Manhattan __knowledge__ When referring specifically to the Lower Manhattan business district and its immediate environs, the northern border is commonly designated by thoroughfares approximately a mile-and-a-half south of 14th Street and a mile north of the island's southern tip: Chambers Street from near the Hudson east to the Brooklyn Bridge entrances and overpass.", "Reactions to Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ The Occupy Wall Street demonstrations garnered reactions of both praise and criticism from organizations and public figures in many parts of the world.", "Reactions to Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ Over time, a long list of notable people from a range of backgrounds began and continue to lend their support or make reference to the Occupy movement in general.", "Reactions to Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ Domestic political responses have been both positive and critical, from the President of the United States to the 2012 presidential candidates.", "Reactions to Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ International responses have come from the Egyptian protesters of Tahrir Square, Cardinal Peter Turkson, the Chinese state news agency (Xinhua), Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, and many others.", "Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ Occupy Wall Street (OWS) was a protest movement that began on September 17, 2011, in Zuccotti Park, located in New York City's Wall Street financial district, receiving global attention and spawning a surge in the movement against economic inequality worldwide.", "Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ The Canadian anti-consumerist and pro-environment group/magazine \"Adbusters\" initiated the call for a protest.", "Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ The main issues raised by Occupy Wall Street were social and economic inequality, greed, corruption and the perceived undue influence of corporations on government—particularly from the financial services sector.", "Occupy Wall Street __knowledge__ The OWS slogan, \"We are the 99%\", refers to income inequality and wealth distribution in the U.S. between the wealthiest 1% and the rest of the population.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ Hair: The American Tribal Love-Rock Musical is a rock musical with a book and lyrics by James Rado and Gerome Ragni and music by Galt MacDermot.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ A product of the hippie counterculture and sexual revolution of the late 1960s, several of its songs became anthems of the anti-Vietnam War peace movement.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ The musical's profanity, its depiction of the use of illegal drugs, its treatment of sexuality, its irreverence for the American flag, and its nude scene caused much comment and controversy.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ The musical broke new ground in musical theatre by defining the genre of \"rock musical\", using a racially integrated cast, and inviting the audience onstage for a \"Be-In\" finale.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system that serves four of the five boroughs of New York City, New York: the Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Queens.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ Its operator is the New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA), which is controlled by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) of New York.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ In 2016, an average of 5.66 million passengers used the system daily, making it the busiest rapid transit system in the United States and the seventh busiest in the world.", "History of the New York City Subway __knowledge__ The first underground line opened on October 27, 1904, almost 35 years after the opening of the first elevated line in New York City, which became the IRT Ninth Avenue Line.", "On the Job (2013 film) __knowledge__ On the Job (abbreviated as OTJ) is a 2013 Philippine neo-noir crime thriller film written and directed by Erik Matti.", "On the Job (2013 film) __knowledge__ It stars Joel Torre, Gerald Anderson, Piolo Pascual and Joey Marquez.", "On the Job (2013 film) __knowledge__ The film follows two contract killing prisoners (Torre and Anderson) temporarily released from jail to carry out political executions in a corrupt justice system, and two law enforcers (Pascual and Marquez) tasked with investigating the drug-related murder case, connected to the prison gun-for-hire business.", "On the Job (2013 film) __knowledge__ Michael de Mesa, Leo Martinez, Vivian Velez, Angel Aquino, Shaina Magdayao and Rayver Cruz play supporting roles." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Wall Street is an eight-block-long street running roughly northwest to southeast from Broadway to South Street, at the East River, in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Over time, the term has become a metonym for the financial markets of the United States as a whole, the American financial services industry (even if financial firms are not physically located there), or New York-based financial interests.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Anchored by Wall Street, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and the city is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization, the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ Several other major exchanges have or had headquarters in the Wall Street area, including the New York Mercantile Exchange, the New York Board of Trade, and the former American Stock Exchange.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ There are varying accounts about how the Dutch-named \"de Waalstraat\" got its name.", "Wall Street __knowledge__ A generally accepted version is that the name of the street was derived from a wall (actually a wooden palisade) on the northern boundary of the New Amsterdam settlement, built to protect against Native Americans, pirates, and the British.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "Aspect-oriented software development __knowledge__ In computing, aspect-oriented software development (AOSD) is a software development technology that seeks new modularizations of software systems in order to isolate secondary or supporting functions from the main program's business logic.", "Aspect-oriented software development __knowledge__ AOSD allows multiple concerns to be expressed separately and automatically unified into working systems.", "Aspect-oriented software development __knowledge__ Traditional software development focuses on decomposing systems into units of primary functionality, while recognizing that there are other issues of concern that do not fit well into the primary decomposition.", "Aspect-oriented software development __knowledge__ The traditional development process leaves it to the programmers to code modules corresponding to the primary functionality and to make sure that all other issues of concern are addressed in the code wherever appropriate.", "Cognitive neuroscience __knowledge__ The term cognitive neuroscience was coined by George Armitage Miller and Michael Gazzaniga in year 1976.", "Cognitive neuroscience __knowledge__ Cognitive neuroscience is the scientific field that is concerned with the study of the biological processes and aspects that underlie cognition, with a specific focus on the neural connections in the brain which are involved in mental processes.", "Cognitive neuroscience __knowledge__ It addresses the questions of how cognitive activities are affected or controlled by neural circuits in the brain.", "Cognitive neuroscience __knowledge__ Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of both neuroscience and psychology, overlapping with disciplines such as physiological psychology, cognitive psychology, and neuropsychology.", "Bi-directional hypothesis of language and action __knowledge__ The bi-directional hypothesis of language and action proposes that the sensorimotor and language comprehension areas of the brain exert reciprocal influence over one another.", "Bi-directional hypothesis of language and action __knowledge__ This hypothesis argues that areas of the brain involved in movement and sensation, as well as movement itself, influence cognitive processes such as language comprehension.", "Bi-directional hypothesis of language and action __knowledge__ In addition, the reverse effect is argued, where it is proposed that language comprehension influences movement and sensation.", "Bi-directional hypothesis of language and action __knowledge__ Proponents of the bi-directional hypothesis of language and action conduct and interpret linguistic, cognitive, and movement studies within the framework of embodied cognition and embodied language processing.", "Neuroesthetics __knowledge__ Neuroesthetics (not to be confused with the concept of Neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics.", "Neuroesthetics __knowledge__ Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art, music, or any object that can give rise to aesthetic judgments.", "Neuroesthetics __knowledge__ Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art.", "Neuroesthetics __knowledge__ Neuroaesthetics, by contrast is \"a concept that encompasses new possibilities of aesthetic experience and the capacity of works of art to effect and sculpt the materialized brain\" (Mathieu Copeland) and was conceived by Warren Neidich in 1995 while lecturing at the School of Visual Arts in New York City.", "Numbered street __knowledge__ A numbered street is a street whose name is an ordinal number, as in \"Second Street\" or \"Tenth Avenue\".", "Numbered street __knowledge__ Such forms are among the most common street names in North America, but also exist in other parts of the world, especially in the Middle East.", "Numbered street __knowledge__ Numbered streets were first used in Philadelphia and now exist in many major cities and small towns.", "Numbered street __knowledge__ Grid-based naming systems usually start at 1 (but sometimes at a higher number or even at zero), and then proceed in numerical order.", "Numbered street __knowledge__ In the United States, seven out of the top ten most common street names are numbers, with the top three names being \"2nd,\" \"3rd,\" and \"1st\" respectively.", "Fordham University __knowledge__ Fordham University () is a private research university in New York City, founded by the Catholic Diocese of New York in 1841.", "Fordham University __knowledge__ It is the oldest Catholic university in the northeastern United States, the third-oldest university in New York, and the only Jesuit university in New York City.", "Fordham University __knowledge__ Established as St. John's College by John Hughes, then a coadjutor bishop of New York, it was placed in the care of the Society of Jesus shortly thereafter, and has since become a Jesuit-affiliated independent school under a lay board of trustees.", "Fordham University __knowledge__ The college's first president, John McCloskey, was the first Catholic cardinal in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "Lower Manhattan __knowledge__ Lower Manhattan, also known as Downtown Manhattan, is the southernmost part of Manhattan, the central borough for business, culture, and government in the City of New York, which itself originated at the southern tip of Manhattan Island in 1624.", "Lower Manhattan __knowledge__ Lower Manhattan is defined most commonly as the area delineated on the north by 14th Street, on the west by the Hudson River, on the east by the East River, and on the south by New York Harbor (also known as Upper New York Bay).", "Lower Manhattan __knowledge__ When referring specifically to the Lower Manhattan business district and its immediate environs, the northern border is commonly designated by thoroughfares approximately a mile-and-a-half south of 14th Street and a mile north of the island's southern tip: Chambers Street from near the Hudson east to the Brooklyn Bridge entrances and overpass.", "History of the Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ The Second Avenue Subway, a New York City Subway line that runs under Second Avenue on the East Side of Manhattan, has been proposed since 1919.", "History of the Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ The first phase of the line, consisting of three stations on the Upper East Side, started construction in 2007 and opened in 2017.", "History of the Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ From 1919 to the 1960s, many distinct plans for the Second Avenue subway line were never carried out, though small segments were built in the 1970s.", "History of the Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ The complex reasons for these delays are why the line is sometimes called \"the line that time forgot\".", "History of the Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ The line was originally proposed in 1919 as part of a massive expansion of what would become the Independent Subway System (IND).", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York is a state in the northeastern United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state in the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state's largest city, New York City, makes up over 40% of the state's population.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York metropolitan area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state and city were both named for the 17th-century Duke of York, future King James II of England.", "New York metropolitan area __knowledge__ The New York metropolitan area, also referred to as the Tri-State Area, includes New York City as the most populous city in the United States, Long Island, and the Mid and Lower Hudson Valley in the state of New York; the five largest cities in New Jersey: Newark, Jersey City, Paterson, Elizabeth, and Edison, and their vicinities; six of the seven largest cities in Connecticut: Bridgeport, New Haven, Stamford, Waterbury, Norwalk, and Danbury, and their vicinities; and five counties in northeastern Pennsylvania.", "New York metropolitan area __knowledge__ As per the 2015 United States Census Bureau estimates, the New York metropolitan area remains, by a significant margin, the most populous in the United States, as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area (20.2 million residents) and the Combined Statistical Area (23.7 million residents); it is also one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world, and the single largest in North America.", "Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ The Second Avenue Subway (internally referred to as the IND Second Avenue Line by the MTA; abbreviated to SAS) is a New York City Subway line that runs under Second Avenue on the East Side of Manhattan.", "Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ The first phase of this new line, with three new stations on Manhattan's Upper East Side, opened on January 1, 2017.", "Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ The full Second Avenue Line, if and when funded, is to be built in three more phases that will eventually connect 125th Street to Hanover Square.", "Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ The proposed full line would be long with 16 stations and a projected daily ridership of 560,000, costing more than $17 billion.", "Second Avenue Subway __knowledge__ The line was originally proposed in 1919 as part of a massive expansion of what would become the Independent Subway System (IND)." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "It really does. Wall Street is quite big too, eight-blocks long.", "Yeah I have, it was really good. It was set near Broadway and the South Street.", "Well go to both then, Wall Street is really close to Broadway.", "They're in the District of Lower Manhattan in New York City.", "Well you should go back to Manhattan to check out Broadway and Wall Street then!" ]

[ "Wall Street", "Wall Street", "Wall Street", "Wall Street", "Wall Street" ]

[ "Allergy\nI have just the worst seasonal allergies right now. What about you?", "That's too bad. I love living with cats. It's really the pollen that gets me.", "Yes me too. I am allergic to walnuts and it makes a lot of baked goods tricky.", "Allergy", "Yes, my sister has an allergy to Nickel. She breaks out terribly from most jewelry." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question.", "Allergen __knowledge__ An allergen is a type of antigen that produces an abnormally vigorous immune response in which the immune system fights off a perceived threat that would otherwise be harmless to the body.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Such reactions are called allergies.", "Allergen __knowledge__ In technical terms, an allergen is an antigen capable of stimulating a type-I hypersensitivity reaction in atopic individuals through Immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Most humans mount significant Immunoglobulin E responses only as a defense against parasitic infections.", "Allergen __knowledge__ However, some individuals may respond to many common environmental antigens.", "Allergen __knowledge__ This hereditary predisposition is called atopy.", "New York State Route 23 __knowledge__ New York State Route 23 (NY 23) is an east–west state highway in the eastern portion of New York in the United States.", "New York State Route 23 __knowledge__ It extends for from an intersection with NY 26 in the Central New York town of Cincinnatus to the Massachusetts state line in the Berkshire Mountains, where it continues east as that state's Route 23.", "New York State Route 23 __knowledge__ Along the way, it passes through many communities, including the cities of Norwich and Oneonta.", "New York State Route 23 __knowledge__ Outside of the communities, the route serves largely rural areas of the state and traverses the Catskill Mountains in the state's Central New York Region.", "New York State Route 23 __knowledge__ NY 23 crosses the Hudson River at Catskill via the Rip Van Winkle Bridge.", "New York State Route 23B __knowledge__ New York State Route 23B (NY 23B) is an east–west state highway located in western Columbia County, New York, in the United States.", "New York State Route 23B __knowledge__ The route is a former section of NY 23 that runs for from NY 9G southwest of Hudson to NY 9H in Claverack.", "New York State Route 23B __knowledge__ It provides direct access to the city of Hudson from the Rip Van Winkle Bridge whereas NY 23 bypasses it to the south.", "New York State Route 23B __knowledge__ NY 23B was assigned in the late 1950s after NY 23 was moved onto its current alignment south of Hudson.", "New York State Route 23B __knowledge__ NY 23B forks from its parent, NY 23, south of the city of Hudson and a half-mile (0.8 km) east of the Rip Van Winkle Bridge in Greenport, Columbia County.", "New York State Route 205 __knowledge__ New York State Route 205 (NY 205) is a north–south state highway in central Otsego County, New York, in the United States.", "New York State Route 205 __knowledge__ It extends for from Interstate 88 (I-88) exit 13 near the city of Oneonta to a junction with NY 28 in the town of Otsego.", "New York State Route 205 __knowledge__ The latter junction also marks the east end of a overlap between NY 205 and NY 80, from where NY 80 heads southeast to follow NY 28 to Cooperstown.", "New York State Route 205 __knowledge__ NY 205 is a two-lane highway for its entire length and passes through the towns of Laurens and Hartwick.", "New York State Route 205 __knowledge__ NY 205 originally began at NY 23 northwest of Oneonta when it was assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York.", "Montelukast __knowledge__ Montelukast (trade name Singulair) is a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) used for the maintenance treatment of asthma and to relieve symptoms of seasonal allergies.", "Montelukast __knowledge__ Montelukast comes as a tablet, a chewable tablet, and granules to take by mouth.", "Montelukast __knowledge__ Montelukast is usually taken once a day with or without food.", "Montelukast __knowledge__ Montelukast is a CysLT antagonist; it blocks the action of leukotriene D4 (and secondary ligands LTC4 and LTE4) on the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor CysLT in the lungs and bronchial tubes by binding to it.", "Montelukast __knowledge__ This reduces the bronchoconstriction otherwise caused by the leukotriene and results in less inflammation.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The signs and symptoms may range from mild to severe.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ They may include itchiness, swelling of the tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, hives, trouble breathing, or low blood pressure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ This typically occurs within minutes to several hours of exposure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ When the symptoms are severe, it is known as anaphylaxis.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerance and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Common foods involved include cow's milk, peanuts, eggs, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, soy, wheat, rice, and fruit.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The common allergies vary depending on the country.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Risk factors include a family history of allergies, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, and high levels of cleanliness." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Pollen __knowledge__ Pollen is a fine to coarse powdery substance comprising pollen grains which are male microgametophytes of seed plants, which produce male gametes (sperm cells).", "Pollen __knowledge__ Pollen grains have a hard coat made of sporopollenin that protects the gametophytes during the process of their movement from the stamens to the pistil of flowering plants, or from the male cone to the female cone of coniferous plants.", "Pollen __knowledge__ If pollen lands on a compatible pistil or female cone, it germinates, producing a pollen tube that transfers the sperm to the ovule containing the female gametophyte.", "Pollen __knowledge__ Individual pollen grains are small enough to require magnification to see detail.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ Warriors is a series of novels published by HarperCollins; it is written by authors Kate Cary, Cherith Baldry, Tui Sutherland, with the plot developed by editor Victoria Holmes, who collectively use the pseudonym Erin Hunter.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ The series follows the adventures of four Clans of wild cats—ThunderClan, ShadowClan, WindClan, and RiverClan —in their forest and lake homes, who look up to StarClan, their warriors ancestors, and spirits in the stars, who guide the four clans.", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ SkyClan, the long-forgotten fifth Clan of the forest, is later introduced in the stand-alone novel \"Firestar's Quest\".", "Warriors (novel series) __knowledge__ It receives additional focus in the novel \"SkyClan's Destiny\", the manga trilogy \"SkyClan and the Stranger\", and the 2013 novella \"Cloudstar's Journey\".", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Pollination __knowledge__ Pollination is the process by which pollen is transferred to the female reproductive organs of a plant, thereby enabling fertilization to take place.", "Pollination __knowledge__ Like all living organisms, seed plants have a single major purpose: to pass their genetic information on to the next generation.", "Pollination __knowledge__ The reproductive unit is the seed, and pollination is an essential step in the production of seeds in all spermatophytes (seed plants).", "Pollination __knowledge__ For the process of pollination to be successful, a pollen grain produced by the anther, the male part of a flower, must be transferred to a stigma, the female part of the flower, of a plant of the same species.", "Philodendron __knowledge__ Philodendron is a large genus of flowering plants in the Araceae family.", "Philodendron __knowledge__ , the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families accepted 489 species; other sources accept different numbers.", "Philodendron __knowledge__ Regardless of number of species, the genus is the second-largest member of the Araceae family.", "Philodendron __knowledge__ Taxonomically, the genus \"Philodendron\" is still poorly known, with many undescribed species.", "Philodendron __knowledge__ Many are grown as ornamental and indoor plants.", "Philodendron __knowledge__ The name derives from the Greek words \"philo-\" or \"love, affection\" and \"dendron\" or \"tree\".", "Philodendron __knowledge__ They are commonly called by their generic name.", "Philodendron __knowledge__ Compared to other genera of the family Araceae, philodendrons have an extremely diverse array of growth methods.", "Immune system __knowledge__ The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", "Immune system __knowledge__ To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue.", "Immune system __knowledge__ In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.", "Immune system __knowledge__ In humans, the blood–brain barrier, blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier, and similar fluid–brain barriers separate the peripheral immune system from the neuroimmune system, which protects the brain.", "Immune tolerance __knowledge__ Immune tolerance, or immunological tolerance, or immunotolerance, is a state of unresponsiveness of the immune system to substances or tissue that have the capacity to elicit an immune response in given organism.", "Immune tolerance __knowledge__ It contrasts with conventional immune-mediated elimination of foreign antigens (see Immune response).", "Immune tolerance __knowledge__ Tolerance is classified into central tolerance or peripheral tolerance depending on where the state is originally induced—in the thymus and bone marrow (central) or in other tissues and lymph nodes (peripheral).", "Immune tolerance __knowledge__ The mechanisms by which these forms of tolerance are established are distinct, but the resulting effect is similar.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ The T helper cells (T cells) are a type of T cell that play an important role in the immune system, particularly in the adaptive immune system.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ They help the activity of other immune cells by releasing T cell cytokines.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ These cells help suppress or regulate immune responses.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ They are essential in B cell antibody class switching, in the activation and growth of cytotoxic T cells, and in maximizing bactericidal activity of phagocytes such as macrophages.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ Mature T cells express the surface protein CD4 and are referred to as CD4 T cells.", "T helper cell __knowledge__ Such CD4 T cells are generally treated as having a pre-defined role as helper T cells within the immune system.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The signs and symptoms may range from mild to severe.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ They may include itchiness, swelling of the tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, hives, trouble breathing, or low blood pressure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ This typically occurs within minutes to several hours of exposure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ When the symptoms are severe, it is known as anaphylaxis.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerance and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Common foods involved include cow's milk, peanuts, eggs, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, soy, wheat, rice, and fruit.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The common allergies vary depending on the country.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Risk factors include a family history of allergies, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, and high levels of cleanliness.", "Mold health issues __knowledge__ Mold health issues are potentially harmful effects of molds.", "Mold health issues __knowledge__ Molds (US usage; British English \"moulds\") are ubiquitous in the biosphere, and mold spores are a common component of household and workplace dust.", "Mold health issues __knowledge__ The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported in its June 2006 report, 'Mold Prevention Strategies and Possible Health Effects in the Aftermath of Hurricanes and Major Floods,' that \"excessive exposure to mold-contaminated materials can cause adverse health effects in susceptible persons regardless of the type of mold or the extent of contamination.\"", "Mold health issues __knowledge__ When mold spores are present in abnormally high quantities, they can present especially hazardous health risks to humans after prolonged exposure, including allergic reactions or poisoning by mycotoxins, or causing fungal infection (mycosis).", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question.", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking is a method of cooking food that uses prolonged dry heat, normally in an oven, but also in hot ashes, or on hot stones.", "Baking __knowledge__ The most common baked item is bread but many other types of foods are baked.", "Baking __knowledge__ Heat is gradually transferred \"from the surface of cakes, cookies, and breads to their centre.", "Baking __knowledge__ As heat travels through, it transforms batters and doughs into baked goods with a firm dry crust and a softer centre\".", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking can be combined with grilling to produce a hybrid barbecue variant by using both methods simultaneously, or one after the other.", "Baking __knowledge__ Baking is related to barbecuing because the concept of the masonry oven is similar to that of a smoke pit.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ Mexican breads and other baked goods are the result of centuries of experimentation and the blending of influence from various European baking traditions.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ Wheat, and bread baked from it, was introduced by the Spanish at the time of the Conquest.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ The French influence in Mexican Bread is the strongest.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ From the bolillo evolving from a French baguette to the concha branching out from a French brioche even the terminology comes from France.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ A baño maría, meaning a water bath for a custard type budín or bread pudding comes from the French word bain marie.", "Mexican breads __knowledge__ Mexican bread While the consumption of wheat has never surpassed that of corn in the country, wheat is still a staple food and an important part of everyday and special rituals.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more of the protein constituents of cow's milk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be rapid or gradual in onset.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Presentations may include atopic dermatitis, inflammation of the esophagus, enteropathy involving the small intestine and proctocolitis involving the rectum and colon.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Management is by avoiding eating any food that contains dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Exposure to low levels of milk proteins is a health risk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In people with IgE-mediated food allergy the individual threshold dose capable of provoking an allergic reaction can vary widely, but is in a low milligram range.", "Bakery __knowledge__ A bakery (a.k.a.", "Bakery __knowledge__ baker's shop or bake shop) is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based food baked in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, pastries, and pies.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Some retail bakeries are also cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Baked goods have been around for thousands of years.", "Bakery __knowledge__ The art of baking was developed early during the Roman Empire.", "Bakery __knowledge__ It was a highly famous art as Roman citizens loved baked goods and demanded for them frequently for important occasions such as feasts and weddings etc.", "Bakery __knowledge__ Due to the fame and desire that the art of baking received, around 300 BC, baking was introduced as an occupation and respectable profession for Romans.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ Egg allergy is an immune hypersensitivity to proteins found in chicken eggs, and possibly goose, duck, or turkey eggs.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be either rapid or gradual in onset.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ Other presentations may include atopic dermatitis or inflammation of the esophagus.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ In the United States, 90% of allergic responses to foods are caused by cow's milk, eggs, wheat, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, and soy beans.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ The Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act (FALCPA) of 2004 requires that the label of a food that contains an ingredient that is or contains protein from these eight major food allergens declare the presence of the allergen in the manner described by the law.", "Lactylate __knowledge__ Lactylates are organic compounds that are FDA approved for use as food additives and cosmetic ingredients (i.e.", "Lactylate __knowledge__ lactylates are food grade emulsifiers).", "Lactylate __knowledge__ These additives are non-toxic, biodegradable, and typically manufactured using biorenewable feedstocks.", "Lactylate __knowledge__ Owing to their safety and versatile functionality, lactylates are used in a wide variety of food and non-food applications.", "Lactylate __knowledge__ In the United States, the Food Chemicals Codex specifies the labeling requirements for food ingredients including lactylates.", "Lactylate __knowledge__ In the European Union, lactylates must be labelled in accordance with the requirements of the applicable EU regulation.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food intolerance is a detrimental reaction, often delayed, to a food, beverage, food additive, or compound found in foods that produces symptoms in one or more body organs and systems, but generally refers to reactions other than food allergy.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food hypersensitivity is used to refer broadly to both food intolerances and food allergies.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food allergies are immune reactions, typically an IgE reaction caused by the release of histamine but also encompassing non-IgE immune responses.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ This mechanism causes allergies to typically give immediate reaction (a few minutes to a few hours) to foods.", "Food intolerance __knowledge__ Food intolerances can be classified according to their mechanism.", "Elimination diet __knowledge__ An elimination diet, also known as exclusion diet and oligoantigenic diet, is a method of identifying foods that an individual cannot consume without adverse effects.", "Elimination diet __knowledge__ Adverse effects may be due to food allergy, food intolerance, other physiological mechanisms (such as metabolic or toxins), or a combination of these.", "Elimination diet __knowledge__ Elimination diets typically involve entirely removing a suspected food from the diet for a period of time from two weeks to two months, and waiting to determine whether symptoms resolve during that time period.", "Elimination diet __knowledge__ In rare cases, a health professional may wish to use an oligoantigenic diet to relieve a patient of symptoms they are experiencing.", "Fruit allergy __knowledge__ A fruit allergy is a food allergy.", "Fruit allergy __knowledge__ Fruit allergies make up about ten percent of all food related allergies.", "Fruit allergy __knowledge__ Allergic reactions to fruit and vegetables are usually mild and often just affect the mouth, causing itching, a rash, or blisters where the food touches the lips and mouth.", "Fruit allergy __knowledge__ This is called oral allergy syndrome.", "Fruit allergy __knowledge__ A number of people who react in this way to fruit or vegetables will also react to pollen from some trees and weeds.", "Fruit allergy __knowledge__ So, for example, people who are allergic to birch pollen are also likely to be allergic to apples.", "Fruit allergy __knowledge__ Another symptom may include slight swelling in the throat, making it feel like it is closing.", "Child protection __knowledge__ Child protection is the protection of children from violence, exploitation, abuse and neglect.", "Child protection __knowledge__ Article 19 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child provides for the protection of children in and out of the home.", "Child protection __knowledge__ Child protection systems are a set of usually government-run services designed to protect children and young people who are underage and to encourage family stability.", "Child protection __knowledge__ UNICEF defines a ‘child protection system’ as: Due to economic reasons, especially in poor countries, children are forced to work in order to survive.", "Child protection __knowledge__ Child labour often happens in difficult conditions, which are dangerous and impair the education of the future citizens and increase vulnerability to adults.", "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity __knowledge__ Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) or gluten sensitivity is defined as \"a clinical entity induced by the ingestion of gluten leading to intestinal and/or extraintestinal symptoms that improve once the gluten-containing foodstuff is removed from the diet, and celiac disease and wheat allergy have been excluded\".", "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity __knowledge__ NCGS is included in the spectrum of gluten-related disorders.", "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity __knowledge__ The definition and diagnostic criteria of non-celiac gluten sensitivity were debated and established by three consensus conferences.", "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity __knowledge__ The pathogenesis of NCGS is not yet well understood.", "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity __knowledge__ There is evidence that not only gliadin (main cytotoxic antigen of gluten), but also other proteins present in gluten and gluten-containing cereals (wheat, rye, barley, and their derivatives) may have a role in the development of symptoms.", "Plant __knowledge__ Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.", "Plant __knowledge__ In one sense (circumscription), the term refers to green plants, which form an unranked clade Viridiplantae (Latin for \"green plants\").", "Plant __knowledge__ This includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns, clubmosses, hornworts, liverworts, mosses and the green algae, and excludes the red and brown algae.", "Plant __knowledge__ Historically, plants formed one of two kingdoms covering all living things that were not animals, and both algae and fungi were treated as plants; however all current definitions of \"plant\" exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more of the protein constituents of cow's milk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be rapid or gradual in onset.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Presentations may include atopic dermatitis, inflammation of the esophagus, enteropathy involving the small intestine and proctocolitis involving the rectum and colon.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Management is by avoiding eating any food that contains dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Exposure to low levels of milk proteins is a health risk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In people with IgE-mediated food allergy the individual threshold dose capable of provoking an allergic reaction can vary widely, but is in a low milligram range.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ Egg allergy is an immune hypersensitivity to proteins found in chicken eggs, and possibly goose, duck, or turkey eggs.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be either rapid or gradual in onset.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ Other presentations may include atopic dermatitis or inflammation of the esophagus.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ In the United States, 90% of allergic responses to foods are caused by cow's milk, eggs, wheat, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, and soy beans.", "Egg allergy __knowledge__ The Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act (FALCPA) of 2004 requires that the label of a food that contains an ingredient that is or contains protein from these eight major food allergens declare the presence of the allergen in the manner described by the law.", "ALK-Abelló __knowledge__ ALK-Abelló (), also commonly known as ALK, is a Denmark-based pharmaceutical company which specializes in the development and manufacture of allergy immunotherapy (AIT) products for the prevention and treatment of allergy.", "ALK-Abelló __knowledge__ It is one of the world’s largest makers of allergy immunotherapy products (also known as ‘allergy vaccines’) with 81% of its revenue coming from sales in Europe.", "ALK-Abelló __knowledge__ ALK-Abello dates back to 1923 when Denmark’s first allergen extracts were produced at the pharmacy of the Copenhagen University Hospital.", "ALK-Abelló __knowledge__ The company was subsequently established as Allergologisk Laboratorium København.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Peanut allergy is a type of food allergy to peanuts.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is different from nut allergies.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Physical symptoms of allergic reaction can include itchiness, urticaria, swelling, eczema, sneezing, asthma, abdominal pain, drop in blood pressure, diarrhea, and cardiac arrest.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Anaphylaxis may occur.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ It is due to a type I hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system in susceptible individuals.", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ The allergy is recognized \"as one of the most severe food allergies due to its prevalence, persistency, and potential severity of allergic reaction.\"", "Peanut allergy __knowledge__ Prevention may be partly achieved through early introduction of peanuts to the diets of pregnant women and babies.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The signs and symptoms may range from mild to severe.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ They may include itchiness, swelling of the tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, hives, trouble breathing, or low blood pressure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ This typically occurs within minutes to several hours of exposure.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ When the symptoms are severe, it is known as anaphylaxis.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerance and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Common foods involved include cow's milk, peanuts, eggs, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, soy, wheat, rice, and fruit.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ The common allergies vary depending on the country.", "Food allergy __knowledge__ Risk factors include a family history of allergies, vitamin D deficiency, obesity, and high levels of cleanliness.", "Soy allergy __knowledge__ Soy allergy is a type of food allergy.", "Soy allergy __knowledge__ It is a hypersensitivity to dietary substances from soy causing an overreaction of the immune system which may lead to severe physical symptoms for millions of people.", "Soy allergy __knowledge__ The Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America estimates soy is among the eight most common food allergens for pediatric and adult food allergy patients.", "Soy allergy __knowledge__ It is usually treated with an exclusion diet and vigilant avoidance of foods that may be contaminated with soy ingredients.", "Soy allergy __knowledge__ The most severe food allergy reaction is called anaphylaxis and is a medical emergency requiring immediate attention and treatment with epinephrine.", "Infant ear piercing __knowledge__ Ear piercing is one of the oldest forms of body modification.", "Infant ear piercing __knowledge__ It occurs when holes are created on the ear lobes or cartilage to allow the insertion of decorative ornaments, such as earrings.", "Infant ear piercing __knowledge__ Ear piercing in children has been around for centuries as part of ritualistic and cultural traditions, but has continued to become a worldwide mainstream fashion statement.", "Infant ear piercing __knowledge__ However, due to the inevitable pain and potential health risks associated with baby ear piercing, many are petitioning to ban the optional procedure with no medical benefits.", "Infant ear piercing __knowledge__ The incidence of complications of piercing a baby's ears are still unknown, but because of its popularity, many parents and caregivers easily forget that any cosmetic piercing carries inherent dangers and health risks.", "Chastity belt (BDSM) __knowledge__ Chastity belts in BDSM may be used as part of a practice of orgasm control, to prevent the wearer from engaging principally in sexual intercourse without the permission of the dominant, who acts as \"keyholder\".", "Chastity belt (BDSM) __knowledge__ A chastity belt will also prevent other sexual activity such as masturbation and oral sex involving the wearer's genitals.", "Chastity belt (BDSM) __knowledge__ Chastity belts may be worn by both men and women as part of BDSM play.", "Chastity belt (BDSM) __knowledge__ A chastity belt may be worn for the duration of a sex play, for a limited period or as a long-term arrangement.", "Chastity belt (BDSM) __knowledge__ The putting on of a chastity belt, by a partner, is an indication of the dominance by the \"keyholder\" over the wearer's sexual activities.", "Allergen __knowledge__ An allergen is a type of antigen that produces an abnormally vigorous immune response in which the immune system fights off a perceived threat that would otherwise be harmless to the body.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Such reactions are called allergies.", "Allergen __knowledge__ In technical terms, an allergen is an antigen capable of stimulating a type-I hypersensitivity reaction in atopic individuals through Immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses.", "Allergen __knowledge__ Most humans mount significant Immunoglobulin E responses only as a defense against parasitic infections.", "Allergen __knowledge__ However, some individuals may respond to many common environmental antigens.", "Allergen __knowledge__ This hereditary predisposition is called atopy.", "Underwire bra __knowledge__ An underwire bra (also under wire bra, under-wire bra, or underwired bra) is a brassiere that utilizes a thin, semi-circular strip of rigid material fitted inside the brassiere fabric.", "Underwire bra __knowledge__ The wire may be made of metal, plastic, or resin.", "Underwire bra __knowledge__ It is sewn into the bra fabric and under each cup, from the center gore to under the wearer's armpit.", "Underwire bra __knowledge__ The wire helps to lift, separate, shape, and support a woman's breasts.", "Underwire bra __knowledge__ Many different brassiere designs incorporate an underwire, including shelf bras, demi bras, nursing bras, and bras built into other articles of clothing, such as tank tops, dresses and swimsuits." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Allergy __knowledge__ Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to something in the environment that usually causes little or no problem in most people.", "Allergy __knowledge__ These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and anaphylaxis.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food intolerances and food poisoning are separate conditions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Common allergens include pollen and certain food.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Metals and other substances may also cause problems.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Food, insect stings, and medications are common causes of severe reactions.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Their development is due to both genetic and environmental factors.", "Allergy __knowledge__ The underlying mechanism involves immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE), part of the body's immune system, binding to an allergen and then to a receptor on mast cells or basophils where it triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Diagnosis is typically based on a person's medical history.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Further testing of the skin or blood may be useful in certain cases.", "Allergy __knowledge__ Positive tests, however, may not mean there is a significant allergy to the substance in question.", "Nickel allergy __knowledge__ Nickel allergy (also referred to as Ni-ACD) is a form of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) caused by exposure to the chemical element nickel.", "Nickel allergy __knowledge__ Nickel allergy results in a skin response after the skin comes in contact with an item that releases a large amount of nickel from its surface, and is commonly associated with nickle-containing belt buckles coming into prolonged contact with the skin.", "Nickel allergy __knowledge__ The skin reaction can occur at the site of contact, or sometimes spread beyond to the rest of the body.", "Nickel allergy __knowledge__ Free (released) nickel that is able to penetrate the skin is taken up by scavenger (dendritic cells) and then presented to the immune system T-Cells.", "Nickel __knowledge__ Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28.", "Nickel __knowledge__ It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge.", "Nickel __knowledge__ Nickel belongs to the transition metals and is hard and ductile.", "Nickel __knowledge__ Pure nickel, powdered to maximize the reactive surface area, shows a significant chemical activity, but larger pieces are slow to react with air under standard conditions because an oxide layer forms on the surface and prevents further corrosion (passivation).", "Nickel __knowledge__ Even so, pure native nickel is found in Earth's crust only in tiny amounts, usually in ultramafic rocks, and in the interiors of larger nickel–iron meteorites that were not exposed to oxygen when outside Earth's atmosphere.", "Body piercing materials __knowledge__ In modern Western body piercing, a wide variety of materials are used.", "Body piercing materials __knowledge__ Some cannot be autoclaved, and others may induce allergic reactions, or harbour bacteria.", "Body piercing materials __knowledge__ Certain countries, such as those belonging to the EU, have legal regulations specifying which materials can be used in new piercings.", "Body piercing materials __knowledge__ The Association of Professional Piercers has developed safety standards for body jewelry based on research and historical experience.", "Body piercing materials __knowledge__ Products with an ISO or ASTM designation are so noted and a statement specifying the finish requirements particular to body jewelry has been added.", "Body piercing materials __knowledge__ In addition, several materials designated for applications other than implants have been proven through historical and practical application to be suitably biocompatible for initial piercing.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more of the protein constituents of cow's milk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Symptoms can be rapid or gradual in onset.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The former may include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition which requires treatment with epinephrine.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ The latter can take hours to days to appear.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Presentations may include atopic dermatitis, inflammation of the esophagus, enteropathy involving the small intestine and proctocolitis involving the rectum and colon.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Management is by avoiding eating any food that contains dairy.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ Exposure to low levels of milk proteins is a health risk.", "Milk allergy __knowledge__ In people with IgE-mediated food allergy the individual threshold dose capable of provoking an allergic reaction can vary widely, but is in a low milligram range.", "Earring __knowledge__ An earring is a piece of jewellery attached to the ear via a piercing in the earlobe or another external part of the ear (except in the case of clip earrings, which clip onto the lobe).", "Earring __knowledge__ Earrings are worn by both sexes, although more common among women, and have been used by different civilizations in different times.", "Earring __knowledge__ Locations for piercings other than the earlobe include the rook, tragus, and across the helix (see image at right).", "Earring __knowledge__ The simple term \"ear piercing\" usually refers to an earlobe piercing, whereas piercings in the upper part of the external ear are often referred to as \"cartilage piercings\".", "Nickel compounds __knowledge__ Compounds of nickel are chemical compounds containing the element nickel which is a member of the group 10 of the periodic table.", "Nickel compounds __knowledge__ Most compounds in the group have an oxidation state of +2.", "Nickel compounds __knowledge__ Nickel is classified as a transition metal with nickel(II) having much chemical behaviour in common with iron(II) and cobalt(II).", "Nickel compounds __knowledge__ Many salts of nickel(II) are isomorphous with salts of magnesium due to the ionic radii of the cations being almost the same.", "Nickel compounds __knowledge__ Nickel forms many coordination complexes.", "Nickel compounds __knowledge__ Nickel tetracarbonyl was the first pure metal carbonyl produced, and is unusual in its volatility.", "Nickel compounds __knowledge__ Metalloproteins containing nickel are found in biological systems.", "Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone __knowledge__ Mediterranean tropical-like cyclones, sometimes referred to as Mediterranean hurricanes or Medicanes, are rare meteorological phenomena observed in the Mediterranean Sea.", "Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone __knowledge__ Due to the dry nature of the Mediterranean region, the formation of tropical and subtropical cyclones is infrequent, with only 100 recorded tropical-like storms between 1947 and 2011.", "Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone __knowledge__ Most systems remain at or below tropical storm intensity, but on a few rare occasions, some storms have been observed reaching the strength of a Category 1 hurricane.", "Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone __knowledge__ No agency, however, is officially responsible for monitoring the formation and development of Medicanes.", "Cyclone Numa __knowledge__ Cyclone Numa, also known as Medicane Numa, was a Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone with the properties of a subtropical cyclone.", "Cyclone Numa __knowledge__ Numa formed on 11 November 2017 east of the British Isles, out of the extratropical remnants of Tropical Storm Rina, the seventeenth named storm of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season.", "Cyclone Numa __knowledge__ Subsequently, on 17 November, Numa acquired subtropical characteristics, before reaching peak intensity on 18 November, becoming a rare Medicane.", "Cyclone Numa __knowledge__ After making landfall in Greece on 18 November, Numa rapidly weakened, and was later absorbed into another extratropical storm on 20 November.", "Spanish Inquisition __knowledge__ The Tribunal of the Holy Office of the Inquisition (), commonly known as the Spanish Inquisition (\"Inquisición española\"), was established in 1478 by Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile.", "Spanish Inquisition __knowledge__ It was intended to maintain Catholic orthodoxy in their kingdoms and to replace the Medieval Inquisition, which was under Papal control.", "Spanish Inquisition __knowledge__ It became the most substantive of the three different manifestations of the wider Catholic Inquisition along with the Roman Inquisition and Portuguese Inquisition.", "Spanish Inquisition __knowledge__ The \"Spanish Inquisition\" may be defined broadly, operating \"in Spain and in all Spanish colonies and territories, which included the Canary Islands, the Spanish Netherlands, the Kingdom of Naples, and all Spanish possessions in North, Central, and South America.\"", "Constitutional history of Colombia __knowledge__ The constitutional history of Colombia is the process of formation and evolution of the different constitutions that Colombia has had since its formation.", "Constitutional history of Colombia __knowledge__ The indigenous nations that inhabited the present territory of Colombia did not have written records; therefore there is no evidence of constitutions prior to the arrival of the Spaniards.", "Constitutional history of Colombia __knowledge__ During Colonial times, the Spaniards were supposed to behave according to the Laws of Burgos of 1512 that defined the rights of the indigenous people but most importantly legalised the right of the Spaniards over them.", "Constitutional history of Colombia __knowledge__ These were replaced by the New Laws of Indies of 1542.", "Facing Windows __knowledge__ Facing Windows (Italian: \"La finestra di fronte\") is a 2003 Italian movie directed by Ferzan Özpetek.", "Facing Windows __knowledge__ Giovanna (Giovanna Mezzogiorno) and her husband Filippo (Filippo Nigro) have settled into life.", "Facing Windows __knowledge__ They both have jobs that make them unhappy.", "Facing Windows __knowledge__ She works as an accountant.", "Facing Windows __knowledge__ He works the graveyard shift because he lacks seniority.", "Facing Windows __knowledge__ They argue about money, sex, time and work...", "Facing Windows __knowledge__ There is a subtle sense that this is a marriage whose love is dwindling fast.", "Facing Windows __knowledge__ Perhaps they are only going through the motions for the sake of their kids One morning, the two of them are walking home and cross paths with an elderly man (Massimo Girotti).", "François Cabarrus __knowledge__ François Cabarrus or Francisco Cabarrús Lalanne, \"conde\" de Cabarrús (1752–1810) was a French adventurer and Spanish financier.", "François Cabarrus __knowledge__ He was born in Bayonne, France, where his father, Dominique Cabarrus Fourcade was a merchant and shipbuilder, linked to a saga of Basque sea-captains, whalers and adventurers, who settled in Capbreton (a town near Bayonne), coming from the Navarre region of Spain.", "François Cabarrus __knowledge__ Francois was sent to study in Toulouse but was recalled to Bayonne by his family due to certain amorous adventures and was sent by his father to Spain to practice with one of his business correspondents, named Galabert.", "The Hunt of the Unicorn __knowledge__ The Hunt of the Unicorn, or the Unicorn Tapestries, is a series of seven tapestries dating from between 1495 and 1505, now in The Cloisters in New York, probably woven in Brussels or Liège.", "The Hunt of the Unicorn __knowledge__ The tapestries show a group of noblemen and hunters in pursuit of a unicorn.", "The Hunt of the Unicorn __knowledge__ The \"Hunt for the Unicorn\" was a common theme in late medieval and renaissance works of art and literature.", "The Hunt of the Unicorn __knowledge__ The tapestries were woven in wool, metallic threads, and silk.", "The Hunt of the Unicorn __knowledge__ The vibrant colours, still evident today, were produced from dye plants: weld (yellow), madder (red), and woad (blue).", "The Hunt of the Unicorn __knowledge__ One of the panels, \"The Mystic Capture of the Unicorn\", only survives in two fragments." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 6, 0, 10 ]

[ "Due to y hypersensitivity of my immune system. I am only allergic to cats. ", "I feel sorry for people who love different kinds of food. But they have allergic food intolerances. ", "I have heard of metal allergies. Have you heard of that before?", "Do you take medicane ", "Do you have a medical history of allergies." ]

[ "Allergy", "Allergy", "Allergy", "Allergy", "Allergy" ]

[ "McDonald's\nDo you know when McDonalds started?", "Do you have a favorite sandwich?", "I like that one too but my all time favorite is their steak egg and cheese bagel. Are there many in the town you live in?", "Oh wow that is crazy. Do they offer different things in different countries.", "Is there anything offered somewhere else that is not available in the United States that you wish you could try?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Mount Barney National Park __knowledge__ Mount Barney National Park is a national park in Queensland (Australia), 90 km southwest of Brisbane.", "Mount Barney National Park __knowledge__ It amalgamated the adjacent Mount Lindesay National Park in 1980.", "Mount Barney National Park __knowledge__ It is part of the Scenic Rim Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because of its importance in the conservation of several species of threatened birds.", "Mount Barney National Park __knowledge__ Mounts Barney, Maroon, May and Lindesay rise majestically above the surrounding farmlands in Mount Barney National Park on the Queensland/New South Wales border.", "Mount Barney National Park __knowledge__ These rugged peaks are the remains of the ancient Focal Peak Shield Volcano which erupted 24 million years ago.", "Duncan v McDonald __knowledge__ Duncan v McDonald [1997] 3 NZLR 669 is a cited case in New Zealand regarding the granting of relief under the Illegal Contracts Act 1970 for illegal contracts.", "Duncan v McDonald __knowledge__ The McDonalds entered into an illegal scheme with some Nigerians that in return of an investment of $285,000, they would receive $2,000,000.", "Duncan v McDonald __knowledge__ The McDonalds borrowed the money from an estate that Mr Duncan, a solicitor, was managing, and they used a property as security for the loan.", "Duncan v McDonald __knowledge__ Duncan was aware of the illegal nature of the transaction when he lent the money.", "Duncan v McDonald __knowledge__ Unsurprisingly, the McDonalds were a victim of a Nigerian scam, leaving the McDonalds unable to repay the mortgage on their property, and Duncan sought to enforce the mortgage.", "Seriously McDonalds __knowledge__ \"Seriously McDonalds\" is the name under which a viral photograph was spread in June 2011.", "Seriously McDonalds __knowledge__ The photograph shows a sign, which is in fact a hoax, claiming that McDonald's has implemented a new policy charging African-Americans more, as \"an insurance measure\".", "Seriously McDonalds __knowledge__ Despite having existed for some time, the picture was spread around the Internet, especially on Twitter, in June 2011, by people who were offended or amused by the photograph.", "Seriously McDonalds __knowledge__ McDonald's acted quickly to deny the legitimacy of the sign, but it continued to trend on Twitter under the hashtag \"#SeriouslyMcDonalds\" and \"#seriouslymcdonalds\" for a few days.", "Kai Peterson __knowledge__ Kai Peterson (stage name), (born March 24, 1962 née \"Kai-Peter Sauer\" in Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany) is a German actor, voice talent, music producer, composer, lyricist and singer in the genres musical theater, Jazz, Soul and Funk.", "Kai Peterson __knowledge__ He took his stage name Kai Peterson in 1989, but since his marriage with Karen Henry his legal name is Kai-Peter Henry.", "Kai Peterson __knowledge__ Kai Peterson is the first of two children born to Peter Petrel und Hede-Birgit.", "Kai Peterson __knowledge__ He has two sisters (Sandra and Sintha).", "Kai Peterson __knowledge__ He spent his childhood in Hannover/Germany.", "Kai Peterson __knowledge__ Since 1990 he is living in Vienna/Austria with his wife and two sons which he named after NELSON Mandela and MALCOLM X. Kai Peterson appeared on stage in the following theater productions, revues, events and concerts: THE FARMER AS MILLIONAIRE (Raimund) - \"Wurzel\" - FWS Hannover THE RHINOCEROSES (E.Unesco) - \"Der Ältere Herr\" - FWS Hannover Club & Tour with the bands... EXIT 55 COMMUNICATION JOY & PAIN FUN KEY B.", "McDonalds Mill, Virginia __knowledge__ McDonalds Mill is an unincorporated community in the northeastern section of Montgomery County, Virginia.", "McDonalds Mill, Virginia __knowledge__ Located approximately 10 miles east of Blacksburg, Virginia along State Route 785, McDonalds Mill lies at the floor of the Catawba Valley and is bound on the south by Paris Mountain and to the north by Gallion Ridge.", "McDonalds Mill, Virginia __knowledge__ A post office called McDonalds Mills operated from 1847 until 1913.", "McDonalds Mill, Virginia __knowledge__ George McDonald operated a mill there, hence the name.", "Trevor Chappell __knowledge__ Trevor Martin Chappell (born 12 October 1952, Glenelg, South Australia) is a former Australian cricketer, a member of the South Australian Chappell family which excelled at cricket.", "Trevor Chappell __knowledge__ He played 3 tests and 20 One Day Internationals for Australia.", "Trevor Chappell __knowledge__ He won the Sheffield Shield with New South Wales twice and scored a century for Australia against India in the 1983 World Cup.", "Trevor Chappell __knowledge__ His career was overshadowed, however, by an incident in 1981 in which he bowled an underarm delivery to New Zealand cricketer Brian McKechnie to stop the batsman from hitting a six.", "Trevor Chappell __knowledge__ After retiring from first class cricket in 1986, Chappell went on to coach the Bangladesh cricket team and became a fielding coach for the Sri Lankan cricket team.", "Mount Barney (Queensland) __knowledge__ Mount Barney is a mountain within the Scenic Rim Region in south-east Queensland, Australia.", "Mount Barney (Queensland) __knowledge__ It lies approximately south-west of Brisbane, not far from the Queensland - New South Wales border, and forms part of the McPherson Range.", "Mount Barney (Queensland) __knowledge__ It is a popular destination for bushwalkers and campers.", "Mount Barney (Queensland) __knowledge__ Mount Barney is the sixth or seventh highest mountain in Queensland and is often regarded as one of the most impressive parts of the Scenic Rim.", "Mount Barney (Queensland) __knowledge__ The mountain consists of two main peaks, (East Peak and the slightly higher West Peak), and smaller subsidiary peaks.", "Mount Barney (Queensland) __knowledge__ East Peak is probably the most popular destination for bushwalkers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "The BLT Cookbook __knowledge__ The BLT Cookbook is a cookbook about the preparation of bacon, lettuce, and tomato (BLT) sandwiches.", "The BLT Cookbook __knowledge__ It was written by Michele Anna Jordan and was published by William Morrow Cookbooks in the United States in June 2003.", "The BLT Cookbook __knowledge__ Jordan is a food writer and has written for \"The Press Democrat\"; \"The BLT Cookbook\" is her 14th published book.", "The BLT Cookbook __knowledge__ She researched the book for ten years and in the process she taste-tested hundreds of variations on the sandwich, describing it as America's most beloved sandwich.", "The BLT Cookbook __knowledge__ She instructs the reader on how to acquire and prepare the best ingredients for the sandwich.", "The BLT Cookbook __knowledge__ The book includes recipes with varying ingredients, though each recipe includes tomatoes.", "Adam Richman's Best Sandwich in America __knowledge__ Adam Richman's Best Sandwich in America is an American food reality television series that premiered on June 6, 2012 on the Travel Channel.", "Adam Richman's Best Sandwich in America __knowledge__ The program is hosted by actor and food enthusiast Adam Richman.", "Adam Richman's Best Sandwich in America __knowledge__ In each episode, Richman samples what he considers to be the best sandwiches across the country, chooses a regional favorite, and then pits the winners against each other to find the nation's No.", "Adam Richman's Best Sandwich in America __knowledge__ 1 sandwich.", "Adam Richman's Best Sandwich in America __knowledge__ \"Adam Richman's Best Sandwich in America\" features \"one man's quest\"—Adam Richman—to find the best thing since \"sliced bread on sliced bread\".", "Adam Richman's Best Sandwich in America __knowledge__ Richman will sample the three most mouthwatering sandwiches in different regions across the United States, evaluate each one with his \"B.I.T.E.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "Cheese dream __knowledge__ The cheese dream is an open faced version of the American grilled cheese sandwich made with bread, cheese, and butter, as well as other ingredients.", "Cheese dream __knowledge__ It can be cooked in a pan or skillet on the stove top, under a broiler, or using a pan in the oven.", "Cheese dream __knowledge__ In its simplest form, it consists of a slice of bread, topped with American cheese and broiled until the cheese puffs up and browns.", "Cheese dream __knowledge__ Variants include the addition of ingredients such as bacon, tomato, pineapple, and eggs.", "Cheese dream __knowledge__ Made with basic ingredients (bread, butter, and cheese) and heated, cheese dreams are said to have originated as \"the cheese dream\" during the Great Depression, as \"an inexpensive company supper dish\" and an inexpensive option for feeding friends and family at Sunday supper.", "Sandwich, Kent __knowledge__ Sandwich is a historic town and civil parish on the River Stour in the non-metropolitan district of Dover, within the ceremonial county of Kent, south-east England.", "Sandwich, Kent __knowledge__ It has a population of 4,985.", "Sandwich, Kent __knowledge__ Sandwich was one of the Cinque Ports and still has many original medieval buildings, including several listed public houses and gates in the old town walls, churches, almshouses and the White Mill.", "Sandwich, Kent __knowledge__ While once a major port, it is now two miles from the sea due to the disappearance of the Wantsum Channel.", "Sandwich, Kent __knowledge__ Its historic centre has been preserved.", "Sandwich, Kent __knowledge__ Sandwich Bay is home to nature reserves and two world-class golf courses, Royal St George's and Prince's.", "John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich __knowledge__ John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, PC, FRS (13 November 1718 – 30 April 1792) was a British statesman who succeeded his grandfather Edward Montagu, 3rd Earl of Sandwich as the Earl of Sandwich in 1729, at the age of ten.", "John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich __knowledge__ During his life, he held various military and political offices, including Postmaster General, First Lord of the Admiralty, and Secretary of State for the Northern Department.", "John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich __knowledge__ He is also known for the claim that he was the eponymous inventor of the sandwich.", "John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich __knowledge__ John Montagu was born in 1718, the son of Edward Montagu, Viscount Hinchingbrooke.", "John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich __knowledge__ His father died when John was four, leaving him as his heir.", "Steins;Gate __knowledge__ Steins;Gate is a visual novel video game developed by 5pb.", "Steins;Gate __knowledge__ and Nitroplus.", "Steins;Gate __knowledge__ It is the second game in the \"Science Adventure\" series, following \"Chaos;Head\".", "Steins;Gate __knowledge__ The story follows a group of students as they discover and develop technology that gives them the means to change the past.", "Steins;Gate __knowledge__ The gameplay in \"Steins;Gate\" follows non-linear plot lines which offer branching scenarios with courses of interaction.", "Steins;Gate __knowledge__ \"Steins;Gate\" was released for the Xbox 360 on October 15, 2009.", "Steins;Gate __knowledge__ The game was ported to Windows on August 26, 2010, PlayStation Portable on June 23, 2011, iOS on August 25, 2011, PlayStation 3 on May 24, 2012, PlayStation Vita on March 14, 2013, and Android on June 27, 2013.", "Maba people __knowledge__ Maba people are a minority ethnic group found primarily in the mountainous Ouaddaï region of eastern Chad, with some across its border with Sudan and Central African Republic.", "Maba people __knowledge__ Their population is estimated to be about 300,000 in Chad.", "Maba people __knowledge__ Other estimates place the total number of Maba people in north-Central Africa to be about 700,000.", "Maba people __knowledge__ The Maba today primarily adhere to Islam, following the Maliki Sunni denomination.", "Maba people __knowledge__ They supported the Sultans of Abeche and the Sudanic kingdoms, who spoke their language.", "Maba people __knowledge__ Little is certain about their history before the 17th century.", "Maba people __knowledge__ They are noted as having helped expel the Christian Tunjur dynasty and installed an Islamic dynasty in their region in the early 17th-century.", "Rectal microbicide __knowledge__ A rectal microbicide is a microbicide for rectal use.", "Rectal microbicide __knowledge__ Most commonly such a product would be a topical gel inserted into the anus so that it make act as protection against the contract of a sexually transmitted infection during anal sex.", "Rectal microbicide __knowledge__ Along with vaginal microbicides, rectal microbicides are currently the subject of medical research on microbicides for sexually transmitted diseases to determine the circumstances under which and the extent to which they provide protection against infection.", "Rectal microbicide __knowledge__ Less commonly, rectal microbicides can have other purposes also; for example, they could be used to treat certain medical conditions as a suppository would.", "Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor __knowledge__ The Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor (AGR) is a type of nuclear reactor designed and operated in the United Kingdom.", "Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor __knowledge__ These are the second generation of British gas-cooled reactors, using graphite as the neutron moderator and carbon dioxide as coolant.", "Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor __knowledge__ They have been the backbone of the UK's nuclear generation fleet since the 1980s.", "Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor __knowledge__ The AGR was developed from the Magnox reactor, the UK's first-generation reactor design.", "Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor __knowledge__ The first Magnox reactors had been optimised for generating plutonium, and for this reason it incorporated a number of features that are not necessarily the best for economic performance.", "Microbicides for sexually transmitted diseases __knowledge__ Microbicides for sexually transmitted diseases are pharmacologic agents and chemical substances that are capable of killing or destroying certain microorganisms that commonly cause human infection (for example, the human immunodeficiency virus).", "Microbicides for sexually transmitted diseases __knowledge__ Microbicides are a diverse group of chemical compounds that exert their activity by a variety of different mechanisms of action.", "Microbicides for sexually transmitted diseases __knowledge__ Multiple compounds are being developed and tested for their microbicidal activity in clinical trials.", "Microbicides for sexually transmitted diseases __knowledge__ Microbicides can be formulated in various delivery systems including gels, creams, lotions, aerosol sprays, tablets or films (which must be used near the time of sexual intercourse) and sponges and vaginal rings (or other devices that release the active ingredient(s) over a longer period).", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ The majority of the locations of international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King are privately owned franchises.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ While the majority of franchisees are smaller operations, several have grown into major corporations in their own right.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ At the end of the company's fiscal year in 2015, Burger King reported it had more than 15,000 outlets in 84 countries; of these, approximately 50% are in the United States and 99.9% are privately owned and operated.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ The company locations employ more than 37,000 people who serve approximately 11.4 million customers daily.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ Since its predecessor's inception in 1953, Burger King has used several variations of franchising to expand its operations.", "Sammy J __knowledge__ Sam McMillan (born 2 July 1983) is an Australian musical comedian, satirist, and writer who performs under the stage name Sammy J.", "Sammy J __knowledge__ He embraces a variety of media in his comedy, including the use of video and self-composed music, and frequently collaborates with Randy the purple puppet.", "Sammy J __knowledge__ He has released several CDs and DVD compilations of his comic songs, such as the album \"Skinny Man, Modern World\" which was nominated for Best Comedy Release at the 2012 ARIA Awards.", "Sammy J __knowledge__ He has performed at comedy festivals in Australia, Edinburgh and Montreal, and has appeared on various Australian television shows, including \"Sammy J & Randy in Ricketts Lane\", a sitcom based on the duo's touring show of the same name." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Bagel __knowledge__ A bagel ( '; ), also spelled beigel, is a bread product originating in the Jewish communities of Poland.", "Bagel __knowledge__ It is traditionally shaped by hand into the form of a ring from yeasted wheat dough, roughly hand-sized, that is first boiled for a short time in water and then baked.", "Bagel __knowledge__ The result is a dense, chewy, doughy interior with a browned and sometimes crisp exterior.", "Bagel __knowledge__ Bagels are often topped with seeds baked on the outer crust, with the traditional ones being poppy or sesame seeds.", "Bagel __knowledge__ Some may have salt sprinkled on their surface, and there are different dough types, such as whole-grain or rye.", "Bagel __knowledge__ Though the origins of bagels are somewhat obscure, it is known that they were widely consumed in Ashkenazi Jewish communities from the 17th century.", "Bagel and cream cheese __knowledge__ A bagel with cream cheese is a common food pairing in American cuisine, the cuisine of New York City, and American Jewish cuisine, consisting in its basic form of an open-faced sandwich made of a bagel spread with cream cheese.", "Bagel and cream cheese __knowledge__ The bagel is typically sliced into two pieces, and can be served as-is or toasted.", "Bagel and cream cheese __knowledge__ The basic bagel with cream cheese serves as the base for other sandwiches such as the \"lox and schmear\", a staple of delicatessens in the New York area, and across the U.S. A bagel with cream cheese is common in American cuisine and the cuisine of New York City.", "Bagel and cream cheese __knowledge__ In the United States, the bagel and cream cheese is often eaten for breakfast, and with smoked salmon is sometimes served for brunch.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Montreal-style bagel __knowledge__ The Montreal-style bagel or Montreal bagel (sometimes beigel; \"beygl\"; ), is a distinctive variety of handmade and wood-fired baked bagel.", "Montreal-style bagel __knowledge__ In contrast to the New York-style bagel, the Montreal bagel is smaller, thinner, sweeter and denser, with a larger hole, and is always baked in a wood-fired oven.", "Montreal-style bagel __knowledge__ It contains malt, egg, and no salt and is boiled in honey-sweetened water before being baked.", "Montreal-style bagel __knowledge__ In some Montreal establishments, bagels are still produced by hand and baked in full view of the patrons.", "Montreal-style bagel __knowledge__ There are two predominant varieties: black-seed (poppy seed), or white-seed (sesame seed).", "Montreal-style bagel __knowledge__ Montreal bagels, like the similarly shaped New York bagel, were brought to North America by Jewish immigrants from Poland and other Eastern European countries; the differences in texture and taste reflect the style of the particular area in Poland in which the immigrant bakers learned their trade.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ The Big Mac is a hamburger sold by international fast food restaurant chain McDonald's.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ It was introduced in the Greater Pittsburgh area, United States, in 1967 and nationwide in 1968.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ It is one of the company's signature products.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ The Big Mac was created by Jim Delligatti, an early Ray Kroc franchisee, who was operating several restaurants in the Pittsburgh area.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ It was invented in the kitchen of Delligatti's first McDonald's franchise, located on McKnight Road in suburban Ross Township.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ The Big Mac had two previous names, both of which failed in the marketplace: the Aristocrat, which consumers found difficult to pronounce and understand, and Blue Ribbon Burger.", "Big Mac Index __knowledge__ The Big Mac Index is published by \"The Economist\" as an informal way of measuring the purchasing power parity (PPP) between two currencies and provides a test of the extent to which market exchange rates result in goods costing the same in different countries.", "Big Mac Index __knowledge__ It \"seeks to make exchange-rate theory a bit more digestible\".", "Big Mac Index __knowledge__ The index, created in 1986, takes its name from the Big Mac, a hamburger sold at McDonald's restaurants.", "Big Mac Index __knowledge__ The Big Mac index was introduced in \"The Economist\" in September 1986 by Pam Woodall as a semi-humorous illustration of PPP and has been published by that paper annually since then.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Don Gorske __knowledge__ Donald A. Gorske of Fond du Lac, Wisconsin (born November 28, 1953) is an American world record holder and \"Big Mac enthusiast\".", "Don Gorske __knowledge__ He is best known for having eaten over 29,000 Big Mac hamburgers from the U.S. fast food chain McDonald's in his lifetime, subsequently winning a place in the 2006 Guinness Book of Records.", "Don Gorske __knowledge__ He claims the Big Mac constitutes 90% of his total solid food intake.", "Don Gorske __knowledge__ He is featured in the documentaries \"Super Size Me\" (2004) and \"Don Gorske: Mac Daddy\" (2005).", "Don Gorske __knowledge__ He is the author of \"22,477 Big Macs\" (2008).", "Don Gorske __knowledge__ Gorske claims that after getting his first car, the first place he went to was a McDonald's on May 17, 1972." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American funk rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ The group's musical style primarily consists of rock with an emphasis on funk, as well as elements from other genres such as punk rock and psychedelic rock.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ When played live, their music incorporates elements of jam band due to the improvised nature of many of their performances.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Currently, the band consists of founding members vocalist/rhythm guitarist Anthony Kiedis and bassist Flea, longtime drummer Chad Smith, and former touring guitarist Josh Klinghoffer.", "Red Hot Chili Peppers __knowledge__ Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time with over 80 million records sold worldwide, have been nominated for sixteen Grammy Awards, of which they have won six, and are the most successful band in alternative rock radio history, currently holding the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs chart.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ \"Crazy in Love\" is a song by American singer Beyoncé featuring American rapper Jay-Z, from Beyoncé's debut solo studio album \"Dangerously in Love\" (2003).", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Both artists wrote and composed the song in collaboration with Rich Harrison and Eugene Record; the former also produced it with Beyoncé.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Using samples from The Chi-Lites's 1970 song \"Are You My Woman (Tell Me So)\", \"Crazy in Love\" is a contemporary R&B and pop love song that incorporates elements of hip hop, soul, and 1970s-style funk music.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Its lyrics describe a romantic obsession that causes the protagonist to act out of character.", "Crazy in Love __knowledge__ Columbia Records released \"Crazy in Love\" as the lead single from \"Dangerously in Love\" on May 18, 2003.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Renewable energy __knowledge__ Renewable energy is energy that is collected from renewable resources, which are naturally replenished on a human timescale, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat.", "Renewable energy __knowledge__ Renewable energy often provides energy in four important areas: electricity generation, air and water heating/cooling, transportation, and rural (off-grid) energy services.", "Renewable energy __knowledge__ Based on REN21's 2016 report, renewables contributed 19.2% to humans' global energy consumption and 23.7% to their generation of electricity in 2014 and 2015, respectively.", "Renewable energy __knowledge__ This energy consumption is divided as 8.9% coming from traditional biomass, 4.2% as heat energy (modern biomass, geothermal and solar heat), 3.9% hydro electricity and 2.2% is electricity from wind, solar, geothermal, and biomass.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ This is a list of smoking bans by country.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Smoking bans are public policies, including criminal laws and occupational safety and health regulations, which prohibit tobacco smoking in workplaces and/or other public spaces.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Legislation may also, in some cases, restrict the carrying or possessing of any lit tobacco product.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ A law came into effect on 30 May 2007 restricting smoking in closed public areas and outlawing the advertisement of tobacco, although the measure was reportedly poorly enforced in the country until 2013.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ From 2013 law enforcement has been implemented, and smoking is strictly forbidden in closed public areas, including bars, pubs, restaurants etc.", "Whale watching __knowledge__ Whale watching is the practice of observing whales and dolphins (cetaceans) in their natural habitat.", "Whale watching __knowledge__ Whale watching is mostly a recreational activity (cf.", "Whale watching __knowledge__ birdwatching), but it can also serve scientific and/or educational purposes.", "Whale watching __knowledge__ A study prepared for IFAW in 2009 estimated that 13 million people went whale watching globally in 2008.", "Whale watching __knowledge__ Whale watching generates $2.1 billion per annum in tourism revenue worldwide, employing around 13,000 workers.", "Whale watching __knowledge__ The size and rapid growth of the industry has led to complex and continuing debates with the whaling industry about the best use of whales as a natural resource.", "Global Hunger Index __knowledge__ The Global Hunger Index (GHI) is a multidimensional statistical tool used to describe the state of countries’ hunger situation.", "Global Hunger Index __knowledge__ The GHI measures progress and failures in the global fight against hunger.", "Global Hunger Index __knowledge__ The GHI is updated once a year.", "Global Hunger Index __knowledge__ The Index was adopted and further developed by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), and was first published in 2006 with the Welthungerhilfe, a German non-profit organization (NPO).", "Global Hunger Index __knowledge__ Since 2007, the Irish NGO Concern Worldwide joined the group as co-publisher.", "Global Hunger Index __knowledge__ The 2017 Global Hunger Index (GHI) report—the twelfth in an annual series—presents a multidimensional measure of national, regional, and global hunger.", "Visa requirements for Serbian citizens __knowledge__ Visa requirements for Serbian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of the Republic of Serbia.", "Visa requirements for Serbian citizens __knowledge__ As of 1 January 2018, Serbian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 119 countries and territories, ranking the Serbian passport 41st in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.", "Visa requirements for Serbian citizens __knowledge__ The Serbian passport is one of 5 passports with the greatest improvement in rating since 2006.", "Visa requirements for Serbian citizens __knowledge__ As of January 2018, Brunei, Grenada, Mauritius, Seychelles and Serbia are the only countries whose citizens may travel without a visa to China, Russia and the Schengen Area.", "Anderson-Little __knowledge__ Anderson–Little was an American clothing manufacturer and retailer of the 20th century, particularly of men's suits.", "Anderson-Little __knowledge__ It operated in the eastern United States, and in New England in particular.", "Anderson-Little __knowledge__ The brand has been revived in the 21st century as a small internet retailer.", "Anderson-Little __knowledge__ Anderson–Little was founded in the Boston area in 1918 or in the 1920s by Morris B. Anderson and Albert Little.", "Anderson-Little __knowledge__ Anderson had been born in Russia and came to America as a teen; before co-founding Anderson-Little he had worked for Singer Sewing Machine, and managed firms including the Morris B. Anderson Clothing Company.", "Anderson-Little __knowledge__ In the 1930s – perhaps 1933, or perhaps 1936 – the company relocated to Fall River, Massachusetts, then a textile-manufacturing center." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ A private timber reserve is an area of privately owned land, used or intended to be used, for growing timber within the Australian state of Tasmania.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ Landowners can have their land declared as a Private Timber Reserve and protect their right to use private land to grow timber.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ Private land or freehold land refers to land registered under Torrens title.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ A landowner is the person(s) and/or legal entity registered on the Torrens Title.", "Private timber reserve (Tasmania) __knowledge__ Private Timber Reserves are unique, with no other State in Australia, or internationally, providing the land owner with protection of their rights to use their planted land, land they intend to plant or native forests areas, to grow timber.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom provide emergency care to people with acute illness or injury and are predominantly provided free at the point of use by the four National Health Services of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.", "Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Emergency care including ambulance and emergency department treatment is free to everyone, regardless of immigration or visitor status.", "Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The NHS commissions most emergency medical services through the 14 NHS organisations with ambulance responsibility across the UK (11 in England, 1 each in the other three countries).", "Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ As with other emergency services, the public normally access emergency medical services through one of the valid emergency telephone numbers (either 999 or 112).", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Anarchy, State, and Utopia __knowledge__ Anarchy, State, and Utopia is a 1974 book by the American political philosopher Robert Nozick.", "Anarchy, State, and Utopia __knowledge__ It won the 1975 U.S. National Book Award in category Philosophy and Religion, has been translated into 11 languages, and was named one of the \"100 most influential books since the war\" (1945–1995) by the U.K. \"Times Literary Supplement\".", "Anarchy, State, and Utopia __knowledge__ In opposition to \"A Theory of Justice\" (1971) by John Rawls, and in debate with Michael Walzer, Nozick argues in favor of a minimal state, \"limited to the narrow functions of protection against force, theft, fraud, enforcement of contracts, and so on.\"", "Anarchy, State, and Utopia __knowledge__ When a state takes on more responsibilities than these, Nozick argues, rights will be violated.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "Lyonnaise cuisine __knowledge__ Lyonnaise cuisine refers to cooking traditions and practices centering on the area around the French city of Lyon and the historical culinary traditions Lyonnais.", "Lyonnaise cuisine __knowledge__ In the sixteenth century Catherine de Medici brought cooks from Florence to her court and they prepared dishes from the agricultural products from the regions of France.", "Lyonnaise cuisine __knowledge__ This was revolutionary, as it combined the fresh, diverse, and indigenous nature of regional produce with the know-how of Florentine cooks.", "Lyonnaise cuisine __knowledge__ The result was that regional specialities became elevated in status among royalty and nobility.", "Lyonnaise cuisine __knowledge__ Lyonnaise cuisine became a crossroads of many regional culinary traditions.", "Icelandic cuisine __knowledge__ Icelandic cuisine, the cuisine of Iceland, has a long history.", "Icelandic cuisine __knowledge__ Important parts of Icelandic cuisine are lamb, dairy, and fish, the latter due to Iceland's being surrounded by ocean.", "Icelandic cuisine __knowledge__ Popular foods in Iceland include skyr, hangikjöt (smoked lamb), kleinur, laufabrauð and bollur.", "Icelandic cuisine __knowledge__ Þorramatur is a traditional buffet served at midwinter festivals called Þorrablót; it includes a selection of traditionally cured meat and fish products served with \"rúgbrauð\" (dense dark and sweet rye bread) and brennivín (an Icelandic akvavit).", "Icelandic cuisine __knowledge__ The flavors of this traditional country food originates in its preservation methods; pickling in fermented whey or brine, drying, and smoking." ] ]

[ 9, 7, 59, 54, 66 ]

[ "No, I just know it's been a part of my entire 50 year life. and are franchises.", "They are known for more than their hamburgers, but I like the Big Mac.", "We have one in my town. I am amazed that they have restaurants in 119 countries, though!", "Yes, they offer regionalized versions of their menu to cater to culinary traditions.", "I would like to try a Thai McDonald's with spicy edge food." ]

[ "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's" ]

[ "Tennis\nI love getting some exercise and playing tennis. Do you have a favorite sport?", "I like to play teams of two! It's a lot more social and adds a nice dynamic to the game. How about you?", "Cool. Have you ever played squash? It's pretty similar to tennis.", "You don't need 4 people.. you can play singles also, but yes! It's with a hard rubber ball. It can be quite fun! Although tennis is definitely my favorite. ", "I have no idea. It's common at community centers or large gym facilities. I've never seen it in the Olympics. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles).", "Tennis __knowledge__ Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or around a net and into the opponent's court.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The player who is unable to return the ball will not gain a point, while the opposite player will.", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society and at all ages.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racket, including wheelchair users.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham, England, in the late 19th century as lawn tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ It had close connections both to various field (lawn) games such as croquet and bowls as well as to the older racket sport today called real tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ During most of the 19th century, in fact, the term \"tennis\" referred to real tennis, not lawn tennis: for example, in Disraeli's novel \"Sybil\" (1845), Lord Eugene De Vere announces that he will \"go down to Hampton Court and play tennis.\"", "Tennis __knowledge__ The rules of modern tennis have changed little since the 1890s.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ \"The Prince of Tennis\" manga and anime series has a large cast of fictional characters created by Takeshi Konomi; many have appeared in the musical and film adaptations.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The cast of the series is largely made up of the members of the various tennis teams for the schools portrayed in the series, their coaches, and various family members and supporters.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The main character of the series is Ryoma Echizen, a 12-year-old tennis prodigy who joins the Seishun Academy tennis team.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The main cast is rounded out with the other eight regular players for Seishun, all of whom have various special abilities at playing tennis.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ Maria Yuryevna Sharapova (; born April 19, 1987) is a Russian professional tennis player.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ A United States resident since 1994, Sharapova has competed on the WTA tour since 2001.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ She has been ranked world No.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ 1 in singles by the WTA on five separate occasions, for a total of 21 weeks.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ She is one of ten women, and the only Russian, to hold the career Grand Slam.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ She is also an Olympic medalist, having earned silver for Russia in women's singles at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ Sharapova became the world No.", "Maria Sharapova __knowledge__ 1 for the first time on August 22, 2005, at the age of 18, and last held the ranking for the fifth time for four weeks from June 11, 2012, to July 8, 2012.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ Katharine Houghton Hepburn (May 12, 1907 – June 29, 2003) was an American actress.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ Known for her fierce independence and spirited personality, Hepburn was a leading lady in Hollywood for more than 60 years.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ She appeared in a range of genres, from screwball comedy to literary drama, and she received four Academy Awards—a record for any performer—for Best Actress.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ In 1999, Hepburn was named by the American Film Institute as the greatest female star of Classic Hollywood Cinema.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ Raised in Connecticut by wealthy, progressive parents, Hepburn began to act while studying at Bryn Mawr College.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ After four years in the theatre, favorable reviews of her work on Broadway brought her to the attention of Hollywood.", "Henri Cochet __knowledge__ Henri Jean Cochet (; 14 December 1901 – 1 April 1987) was a French tennis player.", "Henri Cochet __knowledge__ He was a world No.", "Henri Cochet __knowledge__ 1 ranked player, and a member of the famous \"Four Musketeers\" from France who dominated tennis in the late 1920s and early 1930s.", "Henri Cochet __knowledge__ Born in Villeurbanne, Rhône, Cochet won ten amateur Majors (four French Championships, two Wimbledons, one U.S. Championship, one World Hard Court Championship and two World Covered Court Championships) and one professional Major (French Pro) during his singles career (achieving victory on three different surfaces).", "Henri Cochet __knowledge__ He was ranked as world No.", "Henri Cochet __knowledge__ 1 player for four consecutive years, 1928 through 1931 by A. Wallis Myers.", "History of the National Football League __knowledge__ The National Football League (NFL) was founded in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association (APFA) with ten teams from four states, all of whom existed in some form as participants of regional leagues in their respective territories; it took on its current name in 1922.", "History of the National Football League __knowledge__ The NFL was the first professional football league to successfully establish a nationwide presence, after several decades of failed attempts.", "History of the National Football League __knowledge__ Only two teams currently in the NFL, the Decatur Staleys (now the Chicago Bears) and the Chicago Cardinals (now the Arizona Cardinals), are founding members.", "History of the National Football League __knowledge__ The Green Bay Packers, founded 1919 (joined the NFL in 1921), is the oldest NFL franchise in continuous operation with the same name in the same location.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ Soccer in the United States is governed by the United States Soccer Federation.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The organization governs most levels of soccer in the country, including the national teams, professional leagues, and the amateur game with the exception of colleges and high schools.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ , over 24.4 million people play soccer in the United States.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012, the U.S. Census Bureau reported that soccer was the third-most played team sport in the U.S., behind only basketball and baseball.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The popularity of the sport in the U.S. has been growing since the 1960s and 1970s, and received a significant boost when the United States hosted the 1994 FIFA World Cup and 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles).", "Tennis __knowledge__ Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or around a net and into the opponent's court.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The player who is unable to return the ball will not gain a point, while the opposite player will.", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society and at all ages.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racket, including wheelchair users.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham, England, in the late 19th century as lawn tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ It had close connections both to various field (lawn) games such as croquet and bowls as well as to the older racket sport today called real tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ During most of the 19th century, in fact, the term \"tennis\" referred to real tennis, not lawn tennis: for example, in Disraeli's novel \"Sybil\" (1845), Lord Eugene De Vere announces that he will \"go down to Hampton Court and play tennis.\"", "Tennis __knowledge__ The rules of modern tennis have changed little since the 1890s.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Chris Warner __knowledge__ Christopher Alexander \"Chris\" Warner is a fictional character on the New Zealand soap opera \"Shortland Street\" who has been portrayed by Michael Galvin since the show's first episode, making him the longest running original character.", "Chris Warner __knowledge__ Galvin quit the show in 1996, but returned to the show four years later when the show underwent a revamp.", "Chris Warner __knowledge__ Affectionately referred to by fans and the media as \"Dr. Love\", Chris made his first appearance in the show's first episode by having an affair with his aerobics instructor.", "Chris Warner __knowledge__ This was an infamous and controversial scene.", "Chris Warner __knowledge__ Portrayed as spoiled and from a wealthy family that inherited the hospital that was founded by his father, the character of Chris was characterised by his patronising and illicit manner; contrasted in a 1994 storyline where he became addicted to morphine.", "PlayStation 4 system software __knowledge__ The PlayStation 4 system software is the updatable firmware and operating system of the PlayStation 4.", "PlayStation 4 system software __knowledge__ The operating system is Orbis OS, based on FreeBSD 9.", "PlayStation 4 system software __knowledge__ The native operating system of the PlayStation 4 is Orbis OS, which is a fork of FreeBSD version 9.0 which was released on January 12, 2012.", "PlayStation 4 system software __knowledge__ The PlayStation 4 features two graphics APIs, a low level API named \"GNM\" and a high level API named \"GNMX\".", "PlayStation 4 system software __knowledge__ Most people start with the GNMX API which wraps around GNM and manages the more esoteric GPU details in a way that's a lot more familiar if users are used to platforms like Direct3D 11.", "PlayStation 4 system software __knowledge__ The developers of \"The Crew\" put a lot of work into the move to the lower-level GNM, and in the process the tech team found out just how much work DirectX does in the background in terms of memory allocation and resource management.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional basketball team based in San Antonio, Texas.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the AT&T Center in San Antonio.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs are one of four former American Basketball Association (ABA) teams to remain intact in the NBA after the 1976 ABA–NBA merger and the only former ABA team to have won an NBA championship.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs' five NBA championships are the fourth most in history (tied with the Golden State Warriors) behind only the Boston Celtics (17), Los Angeles Lakers (16), and Chicago Bulls (6).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ Major League Soccer is sometimes included in a \"top five\" of leagues of the country.", "Sports in the United States __knowledge__ All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations.", "History of the National Football League __knowledge__ The National Football League (NFL) was founded in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association (APFA) with ten teams from four states, all of whom existed in some form as participants of regional leagues in their respective territories; it took on its current name in 1922.", "History of the National Football League __knowledge__ The NFL was the first professional football league to successfully establish a nationwide presence, after several decades of failed attempts.", "History of the National Football League __knowledge__ Only two teams currently in the NFL, the Decatur Staleys (now the Chicago Bears) and the Chicago Cardinals (now the Arizona Cardinals), are founding members.", "History of the National Football League __knowledge__ The Green Bay Packers, founded 1919 (joined the NFL in 1921), is the oldest NFL franchise in continuous operation with the same name in the same location.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ Soccer in the United States is governed by the United States Soccer Federation.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The organization governs most levels of soccer in the country, including the national teams, professional leagues, and the amateur game with the exception of colleges and high schools.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ , over 24.4 million people play soccer in the United States.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ In 2012, the U.S. Census Bureau reported that soccer was the third-most played team sport in the U.S., behind only basketball and baseball.", "Soccer in the United States __knowledge__ The popularity of the sport in the U.S. has been growing since the 1960s and 1970s, and received a significant boost when the United States hosted the 1994 FIFA World Cup and 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup.", "History of the Australia Fed Cup team __knowledge__ The history of the Australia Fed Cup team dates back to the first ever Federation Cup in 1963 Australia was one of sixteen nations that competed in the first Fed Cup competition in 1963, at Queen's Club in London.", "History of the Australia Fed Cup team __knowledge__ The first team consisted of doubles and singles Grand Slam winner and World No.", "History of the Australia Fed Cup team __knowledge__ 1 Margaret Smith, Australian Open singles finalist and doubles winner Jan O'Neill, and multi-Grand Slam winner Lesley Turner.", "History of the Australia Fed Cup team __knowledge__ It was also captained by Nell Hall Hopman, who was also a major tennis player and one of the key campaigners for the tournament's introduction.", "History of the Australia Fed Cup team __knowledge__ As a result of their eminent team, the Australians were able to defeat the Belgians, Hungarians and South Africans all without losing a rubber to reach the final against the United States.", "Sports in Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Sports in Puerto Rico can be traced from the ceremonial competitions amongst the pre-Columbian Native Americans of the Arawak (Taíno) tribes which inhabited the island to the modern era in which sports activities consist of an organized physical activity or skill carried out with a recreational purpose for competition.", "Sports in Puerto Rico __knowledge__ One of the sports which the Taíno's played was a ball game called \"Batey\".", "Sports in Puerto Rico __knowledge__ The \"Batey\" was played in \"U\" shaped fields two teams, however unlike the ball games of the modern era, the winners were treated like heroes and the losers were sacrificed.", "Sports in Puerto Rico __knowledge__ The Spanish Conquistadores who conquered the island introduced various sports such as horse racing, cockfighting, dominoes and a game similar to \"Bowling\" called \"Boliche\".", "Lewis & Clark Baseball League __knowledge__ The Lewis & Clark Baseball League, or LCBL, was (the league folded after the 2016 season) a collegiate summer baseball league comprising teams of the top college players from the St. Louis metropolitan area and beyond.", "Lewis & Clark Baseball League __knowledge__ Founded by Nicholas R. A. Mahrt in 2013, this upstart amateur baseball season runs from June through early August in the St. Louis metropolitan area.", "Lewis & Clark Baseball League __knowledge__ It is a non-profit organization and the charter member of the Commonwealth Leagues yUnited a nationwide collection of baseball leagues that put the emphasis on student-athlete's summer work/study opportunities.", "Lewis & Clark Baseball League __knowledge__ Players are not paid, as to maintain their college eligibility and amateur status; their ages range from 18-23." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles).", "Tennis __knowledge__ Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or around a net and into the opponent's court.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The player who is unable to return the ball will not gain a point, while the opposite player will.", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society and at all ages.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racket, including wheelchair users.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham, England, in the late 19th century as lawn tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ It had close connections both to various field (lawn) games such as croquet and bowls as well as to the older racket sport today called real tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ During most of the 19th century, in fact, the term \"tennis\" referred to real tennis, not lawn tennis: for example, in Disraeli's novel \"Sybil\" (1845), Lord Eugene De Vere announces that he will \"go down to Hampton Court and play tennis.\"", "Tennis __knowledge__ The rules of modern tennis have changed little since the 1890s.", "Squash (sport) __knowledge__ Squash is a ball sport played by two (singles) or four players (doubles) in a four-walled court with a small, hollow rubber ball.", "Squash (sport) __knowledge__ The players must alternate in striking the ball with their racket and hit the ball onto the playable surfaces of the four walls of the court.", "Squash (sport) __knowledge__ The game was formerly called squash rackets, a reference to the \"squashable\" soft ball used in the game (compared with the harder ball used in its sister game rackets).", "Squash (sport) __knowledge__ The governing body of Squash, the World Squash Federation (WSF) is recognised by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), but the sport is not part of the Olympic Games, despite a number of applications.", "Nicol David __knowledge__ Datuk Nicol Ann David (born 26 August 1983) is a Malaysian female professional squash player, currently ranked world number 6.", "Nicol David __knowledge__ Beginning in August 2006, David was the world number one for a record-breaking 108 consecutive months, finally ceding the ranking in September 2015 to Raneem El Weleily.", "Nicol David __knowledge__ She has won the World Open title a record 8 times in 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2014, as well as the British Open title in 2005, 2006, 2008, 2012 and 2014.", "Nicol David __knowledge__ In July 2016, she reached her 151st successive month in the top 10, breaking the record in both men's and women's categories.", "Nicol David __knowledge__ She surpassed Peter Nicol's previous records of 150 months.", "Dan Evans (tennis) __knowledge__ Daniel Evans (born 23 May 1990) is a British professional tennis player, and a Davis Cup Champion.", "Dan Evans (tennis) __knowledge__ He is a former top 50 player and former British No.", "Dan Evans (tennis) __knowledge__ 2.", "Dan Evans (tennis) __knowledge__ Evans is currently serving a one-year ban from professional tennis after testing positive for cocaine in April 2017.", "Dan Evans (tennis) __knowledge__ In Grand Slam events, Evans reached the fourth round of the 2017 Australian Open after beating seventh-seed Marin Čilić.", "Dan Evans (tennis) __knowledge__ Evans has made three third round Slam appearances.", "Dan Evans (tennis) __knowledge__ At the 2013 US Open as a qualifier, he defeated Kei Nishikori and Bernard Tomic; at Wimbledon 2016, he beat 30th seed Alexandr Dolgopolov; and at the 2016 US Open, he won against 27th seed Alexander Zverev.", "Frank Okey __knowledge__ Frank Okey (born Francis Anthony Okolowicz on December 16, 1919) is a Rochester, New York-born tennis and squash champion whose career spanned from 1929 until 1999.", "Frank Okey __knowledge__ Okey won between 200 and 250 tennis tournaments between 1949 and 1999, including wins from throughout western New York State, Florida, and other regional, national, and international circuits.", "Frank Okey __knowledge__ His local achievements in tennis include 85 tournament wins in the Rochester District Tennis Championships.", "Frank Okey __knowledge__ Okey was the first native of Rochester, NY ever to play in the U.S. National Tennis Championships (US Open, 1952, Forest Hills, New York) where he was matched in the main draw against \"America's chief hope\" in the tournament Vic Seixas.", "Squash tennis __knowledge__ Squash tennis is an American variant of squash, but played with a ball and racquets that are closer to the equipment used for lawn tennis, and with somewhat different rules.", "Squash tennis __knowledge__ For younger players the game offers the complexity of squash and the speed of racquetball.", "Squash tennis __knowledge__ It also has exercise and recreational potential for older players.", "Squash tennis __knowledge__ Squash tennis is played in various four-walled courts.", "Squash tennis __knowledge__ The front wall (against which the ball is served) features a telltale (usually clad in tin) at the bottom couple feet from the floor, a service line about from the floor, and an out-of-bounds line around from the floor.", "Mark Talbott __knowledge__ Mark Talbott is an American squash coach and former professional squash player.", "Mark Talbott __knowledge__ He is known as one of the all-time great players of hardball squash (a North American variant of squash played with a faster-moving ball and on slightly smaller courts than the international \"softball\" squash game).", "Mark Talbott __knowledge__ Talbott was inducted into the United States Squash Hall of Fame in 2000.", "Mark Talbott __knowledge__ He was the World Professional Squash Association Player of the Year eight times and an Olympic Athlete of the Year in 1991, `92, and `95.", "Mark Talbott __knowledge__ In addition, he captained the first USA Team to compete in the Pan American Games in 1995, earned the Sharif Khan Award for Sportsmanship in 1991, and won the United States Squash Racquets Association (USSRA) President’s Cup in 1989.", "Hashim Khan __knowledge__ Hashim Khan (;  – 18 August 2014) was a squash player from Pakistan.", "Hashim Khan __knowledge__ He won the British Open Squash Championships (the then \"de facto\" world championship) a total of seven times, from 1951 to 1956, and then again in 1958.", "Hashim Khan __knowledge__ Hashim Khan was born in Nawakille, a small village near Peshawar in modern-day Pakistan, to an ethnically Pashtun family, between 1910 and 1914.", "Hashim Khan __knowledge__ Hashim was the second cousin of the two other leading Pakistani players of his time Roshan Khan and Nasrullah Khan, whose sons Rehmat Khan, Torsam Khan and Jahangir Khan are also squash players.", "Hashim Khan __knowledge__ The exact birthdate is unknown.", "Hashim Khan __knowledge__ According to his family members, he turned 100 on 1 July 2014 (the family celebrated his birthday on 1 July).", "Get Your Own Back __knowledge__ Get Your Own Back was a British children's game show for BBC One, which ran from 26 September 1991 to 1 January 2004.", "Get Your Own Back __knowledge__ It has been presented throughout by Dave Benson Phillips with the addition of Lisa Brockwell as a co-host from 2001 to the programme's end in 2004.", "Get Your Own Back __knowledge__ The show featured two teams (originally three) consisting of a child and their respective, somewhat embarrassing adult playing a series of physical games.", "Get Your Own Back __knowledge__ The children attempt to score as many points as possible whilst their adults try to make the games as difficult as possible in a bid to avoid being gunged in the final round, as a fun act of revenge from the child contestants.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Texas Longhorns men's basketball team represents The University of Texas at Austin in NCAA Division I intercollegiate men's basketball competition.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Longhorns currently compete in the Big 12 Conference.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The University of Texas began varsity intercollegiate competition in men's basketball in 1906.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Longhorns rank 17th in total victories among all NCAA Division I college basketball programs and 25th in all-time win percentage among programs with at least 50 years in Division I, with an all-time win-loss record of 1759–1057 ().", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ Among Big 12 Conference men's basketball programs, Texas is second only to Kansas in both all-time wins and all-time win percentage.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ Borderline personality disorder (BPD), also known as emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD), is a long-term pattern of abnormal behavior characterized by unstable relationships with other people, unstable sense of self, and unstable emotions.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ There is frequent dangerous behavior and self-harm.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ People may also struggle with a feeling of emptiness and a fear of abandonment.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ Symptoms may be brought on by seemingly normal events.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ The behavior typically begins by early adulthood, and occurs across a variety of situations.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ Substance abuse, depression, and eating disorders are commonly associated with BPD.", "BDSM __knowledge__ BDSM is a variety of often erotic practices or roleplaying involving bondage, discipline, dominance and submission, sadomasochism, and other related interpersonal dynamics.", "BDSM __knowledge__ Given the wide range of practices, some of which may be engaged in by people who do not consider themselves as practicing BDSM, inclusion in the BDSM community or subculture is usually dependent upon self-identification and shared experience.", "BDSM __knowledge__ The term \"BDSM\" is first recorded in a Usenet posting from 1991, and is interpreted as a combination of the abbreviations B/D (Bondage and Discipline), D/s (Dominance and submission), and S/M (Sadism and Masochism).", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ In sociolinguistics, a T–V distinction (from the Latin pronouns tu\" and vos\") is a contrast, within one language, between various forms of addressing one's conversation partner or partners that are specialized for varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity, age or insult toward the addressee.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ Many languages lack this type of distinction, instead relying on more explicit wording to convey these meanings.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ The morphosyntactic T–V distinction, though, is found in a variety of languages around the world.", "T–V distinction __knowledge__ Modern English technically has the T–V distinction, manifested in the pronouns \"thou\" and \"you\", though the familiar \"thou\" is no longer used in most contemporary dialects.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles).", "Tennis __knowledge__ Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or around a net and into the opponent's court.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The player who is unable to return the ball will not gain a point, while the opposite player will.", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society and at all ages.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racket, including wheelchair users.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham, England, in the late 19th century as lawn tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ It had close connections both to various field (lawn) games such as croquet and bowls as well as to the older racket sport today called real tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ During most of the 19th century, in fact, the term \"tennis\" referred to real tennis, not lawn tennis: for example, in Disraeli's novel \"Sybil\" (1845), Lord Eugene De Vere announces that he will \"go down to Hampton Court and play tennis.\"", "Tennis __knowledge__ The rules of modern tennis have changed little since the 1890s.", "Ebonite __knowledge__ Ebonite is a brand name for very hard rubber first obtained by Charles Goodyear by vulcanizing natural rubber for prolonged periods.", "Ebonite __knowledge__ For vulcanizing natural rubber, he received patent number 3633 from the United States Patent Office on June 15, 1844.", "Ebonite __knowledge__ Besides natural rubber, Ebonite contains about 25–80% sulfur and linseed oil.", "Ebonite __knowledge__ Its name comes from its intended use as an artificial substitute for ebony wood.", "Ebonite __knowledge__ The material is known generically as hard rubber and has formerly been called \"vulcanite\", although that name now refers to the mineral vulcanite.", "Ebonite __knowledge__ Charles Goodyear's brother Nelson Goodyear experimented with the chemistry of ebonite composites.", "History of the Australia Fed Cup team __knowledge__ The history of the Australia Fed Cup team dates back to the first ever Federation Cup in 1963 Australia was one of sixteen nations that competed in the first Fed Cup competition in 1963, at Queen's Club in London.", "History of the Australia Fed Cup team __knowledge__ The first team consisted of doubles and singles Grand Slam winner and World No.", "History of the Australia Fed Cup team __knowledge__ 1 Margaret Smith, Australian Open singles finalist and doubles winner Jan O'Neill, and multi-Grand Slam winner Lesley Turner.", "History of the Australia Fed Cup team __knowledge__ It was also captained by Nell Hall Hopman, who was also a major tennis player and one of the key campaigners for the tournament's introduction.", "History of the Australia Fed Cup team __knowledge__ As a result of their eminent team, the Australians were able to defeat the Belgians, Hungarians and South Africans all without losing a rubber to reach the final against the United States.", "Basque pelota __knowledge__ Basque pelota (\"\" in the original Basque language also \"\" in Spanish, \"\" in French) is the name for a variety of court sports played with a ball using one's hand, a racket, a wooden bat or a basket, against a wall (\"frontis or Fronton\") or, more traditionally, with two teams face to face separated by a line on the ground or a net.", "Basque pelota __knowledge__ The roots of this class of games can be traced to the Greek and other ancient cultures.", "Basque pelota __knowledge__ The term \"\" probably comes from the Vulgar Latin term \"pilotta\" (ball game).", "Basque pelota __knowledge__ It is a diminutive form of the word \"\" which may relate to a hard linen or leather ball filled with \"\" (fur or hair) or to the Latin words for strike or and is related to the English word \"pellet\".", "Andy Murray __knowledge__ Sir Andrew Barron Murray, (born 15 May 1987) is a British professional tennis player from Scotland currently ranked world no.", "Andy Murray __knowledge__ 19 in men's singles.", "Andy Murray __knowledge__ Murray represents Great Britain in his sporting activities and is a three-time Grand Slam tournament winner, two-time Olympic champion, Davis Cup champion and the winner of the 2016 ATP World Tour Finals.", "Andy Murray __knowledge__ Murray defeated Novak Djokovic in the 2012 US Open final, becoming the first British player since 1977, and the first British man since 1936, to win a Grand Slam singles tournament.", "Andy Murray __knowledge__ Murray is also the first British man to win more than one Wimbledon singles title since Fred Perry in 1935.", "Roger Federer __knowledge__ Roger Federer (; born 8 August 1981) is a Swiss professional tennis player who is currently ranked world No.", "Roger Federer __knowledge__ 2 in men's singles tennis by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP).", "Roger Federer __knowledge__ Federer has won 20 Grand Slam singles titles, the most in history for a male player and has held the world No.", "Roger Federer __knowledge__ 1 spot in the ATP rankings for 302 weeks, including 237 consecutive weeks.", "Roger Federer __knowledge__ After turning professional in 1998, he was continuously ranked in the top ten from October 2002 to November 2016.", "Roger Federer __knowledge__ He re-entered the top ten following his victory at the 2017 Australian Open.", "Roger Federer __knowledge__ In majors, Federer has won a record eight Wimbledon titles, a joint record six Australian Open titles, a record five consecutive US Open titles and one French Open title.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ Ten-pin bowling is a sport in which a player (called a \"bowler\") rolls a bowling ball down a wood-structure or synthetic (polyurethane) lane and towards ten pins positioned at the end of the lane.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ The objective is to score the highest pinfall by knocking down as many pins as possible.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ Three finger holes are drilled into a traditional bowling ball, and weights vary considerably to make the sport playable for all ages.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ Generally, the heavier the ball, the more pins that will topple on two equivalent shots.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ The pins are arranged in a triangular position by an automated machine.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ While professional ten-pin bowling tournaments are held in numerous countries, the sport is commonly played as a hobby by millions of people around the world.", "Dairy __knowledge__ A dairy is a business enterprise established for the harvesting or processing (or both) of animal milk – mostly from cows or goats, but also from buffaloes, sheep, horses, or camels – for human consumption.", "Dairy __knowledge__ A dairy is typically located on a dedicated dairy farm or in a section of a multi-purpose farm (mixed farm) that is concerned with the harvesting of milk.", "Dairy __knowledge__ Terminology differs between countries.", "Dairy __knowledge__ For example, in the United States, an entire dairy farm is commonly called a \"dairy\".", "Dairy __knowledge__ The building or farm area where milk is harvested from the cow is often called a \"milking parlor\" or \"parlor\".", "Dairy __knowledge__ The farm area where milk is stored in bulk tanks is known as the farm's \"milk house\".", "Dairy farming __knowledge__ Dairy farming is a class of agriculture for long-term production of milk, which is processed (either on the farm or at a dairy plant, either of which may be called a dairy) for eventual sale of a dairy product.", "Dairy farming __knowledge__ Although any mammal can produce milk, commercial dairy farms are typically one-species enterprises.", "Dairy farming __knowledge__ In developed countries, dairy farms typically consist of high producing dairy cows.", "Dairy farming __knowledge__ Other species used in commercial dairy farming include goats, sheep, and camels.", "Dairy farming __knowledge__ In Italy, donkey dairies are growing in popularity to produce an alternative milk source for human infants.", "Dairy farming __knowledge__ While cattle were domesticated as early as 11,000 years ago as a food source and as beasts of burden, the earliest evidence of using domesticated cows for dairy production is the seventh millennium BC - the early Neolithic era - in northwestern Anatolia .", "Kolven __knowledge__ Kolven (verb; or noun: kolf) is a game originated in the Netherlands, played by four people in which players hit the ball over a certain distance and the first people to reach their opponents' starting point wins.", "Kolven __knowledge__ The games lasted over multiple days at times.", "Kolven __knowledge__ Kolf is played on an indoor course that measures 17.5 metres long and 5 metres wide.", "Kolven __knowledge__ The course is marked with looping scoring lines and features an ornate wooden post at each end.", "Kolven __knowledge__ In modern days a Kolf court is made from a type of plastic which is precisely leveled.", "Kolven __knowledge__ There are three players in a match and each has his own ball.", "Kolven __knowledge__ The balls are quite large and are made either of rubber or sajet (wool covered with leather).", "Red Rubber Ball __knowledge__ \"Red Rubber Ball\" is a pop song recorded by The Cyrkle, whose version reached #2 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and in New Zealand.", "Red Rubber Ball __knowledge__ In Canada, the song reached number one.", "Red Rubber Ball __knowledge__ \"Red Rubber Ball\" is sung from the perspective of a man who has recently exited an unfulfilling relationship in which his significant other never gave him much attention or affection.", "Red Rubber Ball __knowledge__ He now looks forward to the future with a positive attitude.", "Red Rubber Ball __knowledge__ It was co-written by Paul Simon (of Simon and Garfunkel) and Bruce Woodley (of The Seekers).", "Red Rubber Ball __knowledge__ According to Cyrkle guitarist Tom Dawes, Simon offered it to The Cyrkle when they were opening for Simon and Garfunkel on tour.", "Half-rubber __knowledge__ Half-rubber, also known as halfball, is a bat-and-ball game similar to stick ball or baseball.", "Half-rubber __knowledge__ The game was developed in the American South around the beginning of the 20th century, possibly moving north with the Great Migration where it was widely played by the 1950s.", "Half-rubber __knowledge__ It can be played with as few as three players and involves no running of bases.", "Half-rubber __knowledge__ The sport was typically played on a city street, now played in parks or the beach, using a baseball-sized rubber ball, that's been cut or sawed in half.", "Half-rubber __knowledge__ Legendary origins of this \"half-ball\"' vary: from kids splitting a ball so that two games could be played at once; to an accident where a pimpleball broke in half and kids had no money to buy a new one so they played with a half-ball; to an innovation by adults who wanted to reduce the chances of the ball breaking windows on nearby buildings.", "Knucklebones __knowledge__ Knucklebones, Tali, Fivestones, or Jacks, is a game of ancient origin, usually played with five small objects, or ten in the case of jacks.", "Knucklebones __knowledge__ Originally the \"knucklebones\" (actually the astragalus, a bone in the ankle, or hock) were those of a sheep, which were thrown up and caught in various manners.", "Knucklebones __knowledge__ Modern knucklebones consist of six points, or knobs, proceeding from a common base, and are usually made of metal or plastic.", "Knucklebones __knowledge__ The winner is the first player to successfully complete a prescribed series of throws, which, though similar, differ widely in detail.", "Knucklebones __knowledge__ The simplest throw consists in tossing up one stone, the jack, and picking up one or more from the table while it is in the air." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles).", "Tennis __knowledge__ Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or around a net and into the opponent's court.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The player who is unable to return the ball will not gain a point, while the opposite player will.", "Tennis __knowledge__ Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society and at all ages.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racket, including wheelchair users.", "Tennis __knowledge__ The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham, England, in the late 19th century as lawn tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ It had close connections both to various field (lawn) games such as croquet and bowls as well as to the older racket sport today called real tennis.", "Tennis __knowledge__ During most of the 19th century, in fact, the term \"tennis\" referred to real tennis, not lawn tennis: for example, in Disraeli's novel \"Sybil\" (1845), Lord Eugene De Vere announces that he will \"go down to Hampton Court and play tennis.\"", "Tennis __knowledge__ The rules of modern tennis have changed little since the 1890s.", "CenterLink __knowledge__ CenterLink is an American member-based coalition of community centers serving the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) communities.", "CenterLink __knowledge__ The organization, founded in 1994 as the National Association of LGBT Community Centers, provides services which support the development of LGBT community centers.", "CenterLink __knowledge__ Based in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, CenterLink also works with other national organizations to advance the rights of LGBT individuals and to provide LGBT community centers with information and analysis of key issues.", "CenterLink __knowledge__ CenterLink produces an annual summit for executive directors and board leaders of LGBT community centers and provides technical assistance and support to over 500 individuals and centers every year.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture, urban farming, or urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around a village, town, or city.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can also involve animal husbandry, aquaculture, agroforestry, urban beekeeping, and horticulture.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ These activities occur in peri-urban areas as well, and peri-urban agriculture may have different characteristics.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ Urban agriculture can reflect varying levels of economic and social development.", "Urban agriculture __knowledge__ In the global north, it often takes the form of a social movement for sustainable communities, where organic growers, ‘foodies,’ and ‘locavores’ form social networks founded on a shared ethos of nature and community holism.", "Sauna __knowledge__ A sauna ( or ; ), or sudatory, is a small room or building designed as a place to experience dry or wet heat sessions, or an establishment with one or more of these facilities.", "Sauna __knowledge__ The steam and high heat make the bathers perspire.", "Sauna __knowledge__ Infrared therapy is often referred to as a type of sauna, but according to the Finnish sauna organizations, infrared is not a sauna.", "Sauna __knowledge__ Originally borrowed from the early Proto-Germanic \"*stakna-\" whose descendants include English \"stack\", the word \"sauna\" is an ancient Finnish word referring to the traditional Finnish bath and to the bathhouse itself.", "Sauna __knowledge__ In Baltic-Finnic languages other than Finnish, \"sauna\" does not necessarily mean a building or space built for bathing.", "Arab–Israeli peace projects __knowledge__ Arab–Israeli peace projects are projects to promote peace and understanding between the Arab League and Israel in different spheres.", "Arab–Israeli peace projects __knowledge__ These are part of a broader attempt at a peace process between Palestinians and Israelis.", "Arab–Israeli peace projects __knowledge__ Sponsors of such projects can be found both in Israel and Palestine.", "Arab–Israeli peace projects __knowledge__ Israeli–Palestinian economic peace efforts are efforts to promote joint economic projects and efforts between Israelis and Palestinians as a pathway to reach peace between the two groups.", "Arab–Israeli peace projects __knowledge__ They are based partially on official efforts and projects by the governments of Israel and the Palestinian Authority, and partially on private efforts by individual companies and business people who seek to promote various ventures which promote economic unity and collaboration between the two sides.", "San Pedro High School __knowledge__ San Pedro High School is a public high school in the Los Angeles Unified School District and is located in the San Pedro portion of the city of Los Angeles, California.", "San Pedro High School __knowledge__ In 2003, the school celebrated its 100th Anniversary.", "San Pedro High School __knowledge__ San Pedro High School is home to two protected landmarks, the Administration Building and Language Arts Building.", "San Pedro High School __knowledge__ Both were constructed in 1936 under mandate from the Works Progress Administration.", "San Pedro High School __knowledge__ San Pedro High School also has a Mathematics and Sciences Building, a Vocational Arts Building, a cafeteria, numerous bungalow-style classrooms, and three gymnasiums.", "San Pedro High School __knowledge__ This school and the surrounding area is where much of the filming for \"Some Kind of Wonderful\" was done.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Harbor Beach Community House __knowledge__ Harbor Beach Community House is a building used for community purposes located in Harbor Beach, Michigan.", "Harbor Beach Community House __knowledge__ The building is located at the northeast corner of State Street and Huron Avenue, the main intersection in Harbor Beach, Michigan.", "Harbor Beach Community House __knowledge__ The Community House was built on land which had been donated by George Jenks and Anna Belle Jenks Scranton for the purpose of constructing a building to be used for community purposes.", "Harbor Beach Community House __knowledge__ It was dedicated on September 21, 1921 and housed a theater/auditorium, gymnasium which doubled as a banquet hall with full kitchen facilities, public & school library, the city offices and Council room, as well as numerous meeting and club rooms.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ Olympic sports are sports contested in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The 2016 Summer Olympics included 28 sports, with five additional sports due to be added to the 2020 Summer Olympics.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The 2014 Winter Olympics included seven sports.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The number and kinds of events may change slightly from one Olympiad to another.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ Each Olympic sport is represented by an international governing body, namely an International Federation (IF).", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ The International Olympic Committee (IOC) establishes a hierarchy of sports, disciplines, and events.", "Olympic sports __knowledge__ According to this hierarchy, the Olympic sports can be subdivided into multiple disciplines, which are often assumed to be distinct sports.", "Table tennis __knowledge__ Table tennis, also known as ping pong, is a sport in which two or four players hit a lightweight ball back and forth across a table using small bats.", "Table tennis __knowledge__ The game takes place on a hard table divided by a net.", "Table tennis __knowledge__ Except for the initial serve, the rules are generally as follows: players must allow a ball played toward them to bounce one time on their side of the table, and must return it so that it bounces on the opposite side at least once.", "Table tennis __knowledge__ A point is scored when a player fails to return the ball within the rules.", "Table tennis __knowledge__ Play is fast and demands quick reactions.", "Table tennis __knowledge__ Spinning the ball alters its trajectory and limits an opponent's options, giving the hitter a great advantage.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India is home to a diverse population playing many different sports across the country.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Football is a popular sport in some of the Indian states.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won all the Kabaddi World Cups to date.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ The country has won eight Olympic gold medals in field hockey.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ However, cricket is the most popular sport in India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Kabaddi, an indigenous sport is popular in rural India.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Several games originated in India including chess, snooker and other regional games.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ India has won medals in badminton, kabaddi, hockey and many other sports and disciplines.", "Sport in India __knowledge__ Recently, different forms of martial arts have also gained a lot of prominence in India.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ The many sports played and followed in Ireland include Gaelic games (mainly Gaelic football, hurling and camogie), horse racing, show jumping, greyhound racing, basketball, fishing, handball, motor sport, MMA, boxing, target shooting and tennis.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ Hockey, golf, rowing, cricket, rugby union and Olympic target shooting are organised in an all-island basis, with a single team representing the whole of Ireland in international competitions.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ Other sports, such as soccer and netball, have separate organizing bodies in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.", "Sport in Ireland __knowledge__ As Northern Ireland is a constitute nation of the United Kingdom it also sends a Northern Ireland Team to the Commonwealth Games.", "Volleyball variations __knowledge__ A variation of the game rivaling the original sport of volleyball in popularity, beach volleyball evolved from the recreational games of volleyball played on many beaches around the world.", "Volleyball variations __knowledge__ It became an official Olympic sport in 1996.", "Volleyball variations __knowledge__ This version, rather than being played on indoor hard courts, is played on sand courts which may either be formed naturally or built specifically for the purpose.", "Volleyball variations __knowledge__ Instead of a team of six, each team consists of only two players, but otherwise the rules are almost identical with some exceptions including: This is a newer variation of beach volleyball.", "Volleyball variations __knowledge__ As beach volleyball took volleyball outdoors, indoor sand volleyball takes beach volleyball indoors.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The modern Olympic Games or Olympics () are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.", "Olympic Games __knowledge__ Their creation was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 11, 5, 7 ]

[ "Tennis is also my favorite sport. Do you like to play singles or teams of two?", "Depends on my mood. If it's casual I like teams. But if I'm pushing my self I prefer to play one on one. ", "Is that where you play with four people total and a little rubber ball? ", "I'd love to try it some times. Is it an Olympic sport like tennis? ", "I'm from Birmingham, England the actual home to modern day Tennis so I focus on it a lot. " ]

[ "Tennis", "Tennis", "Tennis", "Tennis", "Tennis" ]

[ "Boiled egg\nI have started eating my eggs boiled in the mornings it just taste better to me", "I like my soft boiled", "Yeah I have been making those too", "I dont cook them long I like them a little runny" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are eggs (typically chicken eggs) cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while for a soft-boiled egg the yolk, and sometimes the white, remain at least partially liquid.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ A few different methods are used to make boiled eggs other than simply immersing them in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, via coddling, or they can be steamed.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ The egg timer was named due to its common usage in timing the boiling of eggs.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food in many countries around the world.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ There are variations both in degree of cooking and in the method of how eggs are boiled, and a variety of kitchen gadgets for eggs exist.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ These variations include: Chef Heston Blumenthal, after \"relentless trials\", published a formula for \"the perfect boiled egg\" that explains how much water to use, how much time to cook and how much time to rest the egg.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for people who may be susceptible to salmonella, such as very young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ To avoid the issue of salmonella, eggs can be pasteurised in shell at 57 ºC for an hour and 15 minutes.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Eggs are laid by female animals of many different species, including birds, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, and fish, and have been eaten by humans for thousands of years.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Bird and reptile eggs consist of a protective eggshell, albumen (egg white), and vitellus (egg yolk), contained within various thin membranes.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ The most commonly consumed eggs are chicken eggs.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Other poultry eggs including those of duck and quail are also eaten.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Fish eggs are called roe and caviar.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Egg yolks and whole eggs store significant amounts of protein and choline, and are widely used in cookery.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Due to their protein content, the United States Department of Agriculture categorizes eggs as \"Meats\" within the Food Guide Pyramid.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies __knowledge__ The cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies includes the foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of the Colonial United States.", "Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies __knowledge__ In the period leading up to 1776, a number of events led to a drastic change in the diet of the American colonists.", "Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies __knowledge__ As they could no longer depend on British and West Indian imports, agricultural practices of the colonists began to focus on becoming completely self-sufficient.", "Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies __knowledge__ In the early 17th century, the first wave of English immigrants began arriving in North America, settling mainly around Chesapeake Bay in Virginia and Maryland.", "Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies __knowledge__ The Virginian settlers were dominated by English noblemen with their servants (many were Cavaliers fleeing in the aftermath of the English Civil War 1642–51) and poor peasants from southern England.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Dumpling is a broad classification for a dish that consists of small pieces of dough (made from a variety of starch sources) wrapped around a filling.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ The dough can be based on bread, flour, or potatoes, and may be filled with meat, fish, cheese, vegetables, fruits, or sweets.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Dumplings may be prepared using a variety of methods, including baking, boiling, frying, simmering, or steaming.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Banku and kenkey fit the definition of a dumpling in that they are starchy balls of dough that are steamed.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ They are formed from fermented cornmeal.", "Dumpling __knowledge__ Banku is boiled and requires continues kneading, while kenkey is partly boiled then finished by steaming in corn or banana leaves.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are eggs (typically chicken eggs) cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while for a soft-boiled egg the yolk, and sometimes the white, remain at least partially liquid.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ A few different methods are used to make boiled eggs other than simply immersing them in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, via coddling, or they can be steamed.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ The egg timer was named due to its common usage in timing the boiling of eggs.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food in many countries around the world.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ There are variations both in degree of cooking and in the method of how eggs are boiled, and a variety of kitchen gadgets for eggs exist.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ These variations include: Chef Heston Blumenthal, after \"relentless trials\", published a formula for \"the perfect boiled egg\" that explains how much water to use, how much time to cook and how much time to rest the egg.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for people who may be susceptible to salmonella, such as very young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ To avoid the issue of salmonella, eggs can be pasteurised in shell at 57 ºC for an hour and 15 minutes.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ A great variety of cassava-based dishes are consumed in the regions where cassava (manioc, \"Manihot esculenta\") is cultivated, and they include many national or ethnic specialities.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ As a food ingredient, cassava root is somewhat similar to the potato, in that, like the potato, it is starchy, inedible when raw, and bland in flavor when cooked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Indeed, cassava can replace the potato in many dishes and can be prepared in similar ways – it can be boiled, mashed, fried or baked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Unlike the potato, however, cassava is mostly a tropical crop, and its peculiar characteristics have led to some unique recipes, such as sweet puddings, which have no common potato version.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Boiled peanuts __knowledge__ Boiled peanuts are popular in some places where peanuts are common.", "Boiled peanuts __knowledge__ Fully mature peanuts do not make good quality boiled peanuts; rather raw or \"green\" ones are used.", "Boiled peanuts __knowledge__ \"Raw\" denotes peanuts in a semi-mature state, having achieved full size, but not being fully dried, as would be needed for roasting or peanut butter use.", "Boiled peanuts __knowledge__ After boiling in salt water they take on a strong salty taste and become softer with the length of cooking, somewhat resembling a pea or bean, to which they are related.", "Boiled peanuts __knowledge__ The most flavorful peanuts for boiling are the Valencia type.", "Boiled peanuts __knowledge__ These are preferred in the United States, being grown in gardens and small patches throughout the South.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu, also known as bean curd, is a food cultivated by coagulating soy milk and then pressing the resulting curds into soft white blocks.", "Tofu __knowledge__ It is a component in East Asian and Southeast Asian cuisines.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu can be soft, firm, or extra firm.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu has a subtle flavor and can be used in savory and sweet dishes.", "Tofu __knowledge__ It is often seasoned or marinated to suit the dish.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu has a low calorie count and relatively large amounts of protein.", "Tofu __knowledge__ It is high in iron, and it can have a high calcium or magnesium content, depending on the coagulants used in manufacturing (e.g.", "Tofu __knowledge__ calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate).", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Cooking bananas are banana cultivars in the genus \"Musa\" whose fruits are generally used in cooking.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ They may be eaten while ripe or unripe and are generally starchy.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Some cooking bananas are also referred to as green bananas or plantains.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ ( , ) The term \"plantain\" is loosely applied to any banana cultivar that is eaten when cooked.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ However, there is no formal botanical distinction between bananas and plantains.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Cooking is also a matter of custom, rather than necessity.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Ripe plantains can be eaten raw, since the starches are converted to sugars as they ripen.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ In some countries, there may be a clear distinction between plantains and bananas, but in other countries, where many more cultivars are consumed, the distinction is not made in the common names used.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ Olivier salad ( \"Salat Olivye\") is a traditional salad dish in Russian cuisine, which is also popular in old Soviet Union countries (particularly, in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan), some other European countries, Iran, Israel, Mongolia and also throughout Latin America.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ In different modern recipes, it is usually made with diced boiled potatoes, carrots, brined dill pickles, green peas, eggs, celeriac, onions, diced boiled chicken (or sometimes ham or bologna sausage), tart apples, with salt, pepper, and mustard added to enhance flavor, dressed with mayonnaise.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ In many countries, the dish is commonly referred to as Russian salad, although this term can connote vinegret .", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Danish cuisine (), originating from the peasant population's own local produce, was enhanced by cooking techniques developed in the late 19th century and the wider availability of goods after the Industrial Revolution.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ The open sandwiches, known as \"smørrebrød\", which in their basic form are the usual fare for lunch, can be considered a national speciality when prepared and decorated with a variety of fine ingredients.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Hot meals are traditionally prepared from ground meats, such as \"frikadeller\" (meat balls) and \"medisterpølse\", or from more substantial meat and fish dishes such as \"flæskesteg\" (roast pork with crackling) or \"kogt torsk\" (poached cod) with mustard sauce and trimmings." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are eggs (typically chicken eggs) cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while for a soft-boiled egg the yolk, and sometimes the white, remain at least partially liquid.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ A few different methods are used to make boiled eggs other than simply immersing them in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, via coddling, or they can be steamed.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ The egg timer was named due to its common usage in timing the boiling of eggs.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food in many countries around the world.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ There are variations both in degree of cooking and in the method of how eggs are boiled, and a variety of kitchen gadgets for eggs exist.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ These variations include: Chef Heston Blumenthal, after \"relentless trials\", published a formula for \"the perfect boiled egg\" that explains how much water to use, how much time to cook and how much time to rest the egg.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for people who may be susceptible to salmonella, such as very young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ To avoid the issue of salmonella, eggs can be pasteurised in shell at 57 ºC for an hour and 15 minutes.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ (Death Metal Symphony in Deep C) is the sixth studio album by Waltari that combines death metal with classical music.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Originally, \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written as a stage show.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After the show's premiere performance in 1995 at the Helsinki Music Festival, it was recorded and finally released in May 1996.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written by Kärtsy Hatakka between 1992 and 1995.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ By the end of 1994, Hatakka got in contact with Riku Niemi, a Finnish conductor, composer and leader of Avanti!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ symphony orchestra.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After Niemi became involved in the project, Hatakka finalized the work and Niemi arranged it for symphony orchestra.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ Olivier salad ( \"Salat Olivye\") is a traditional salad dish in Russian cuisine, which is also popular in old Soviet Union countries (particularly, in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan), some other European countries, Iran, Israel, Mongolia and also throughout Latin America.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ In different modern recipes, it is usually made with diced boiled potatoes, carrots, brined dill pickles, green peas, eggs, celeriac, onions, diced boiled chicken (or sometimes ham or bologna sausage), tart apples, with salt, pepper, and mustard added to enhance flavor, dressed with mayonnaise.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ In many countries, the dish is commonly referred to as Russian salad, although this term can connote vinegret .", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Danish cuisine (), originating from the peasant population's own local produce, was enhanced by cooking techniques developed in the late 19th century and the wider availability of goods after the Industrial Revolution.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ The open sandwiches, known as \"smørrebrød\", which in their basic form are the usual fare for lunch, can be considered a national speciality when prepared and decorated with a variety of fine ingredients.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Hot meals are traditionally prepared from ground meats, such as \"frikadeller\" (meat balls) and \"medisterpølse\", or from more substantial meat and fish dishes such as \"flæskesteg\" (roast pork with crackling) or \"kogt torsk\" (poached cod) with mustard sauce and trimmings.", "Egg sandwich __knowledge__ An egg sandwich is a sandwich with some kind of egg filling.", "Egg sandwich __knowledge__ Sliced boiled eggs or egg salad are popular options.", "Egg sandwich __knowledge__ Whilst egg sandwich history started before this, during World War II and prompted by meat rations, a manager for a White Castle at St. Louis introduced the first fast food egg dish with a fried egg sandwich.", "Egg sandwich __knowledge__ However, the dish was unpopular, and was abandoned as soon as the meat rations were lifted.", "Egg sandwich __knowledge__ Beyond the basic model of fried egg between slices of bread, many common sandwiches have variations that include a fried egg in addition to bacon, sausage, cheese, black pudding, cold cuts, or as another topping to a hamburger.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are eggs (typically chicken eggs) cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while for a soft-boiled egg the yolk, and sometimes the white, remain at least partially liquid.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ A few different methods are used to make boiled eggs other than simply immersing them in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, via coddling, or they can be steamed.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ The egg timer was named due to its common usage in timing the boiling of eggs.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food in many countries around the world.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ There are variations both in degree of cooking and in the method of how eggs are boiled, and a variety of kitchen gadgets for eggs exist.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ These variations include: Chef Heston Blumenthal, after \"relentless trials\", published a formula for \"the perfect boiled egg\" that explains how much water to use, how much time to cook and how much time to rest the egg.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for people who may be susceptible to salmonella, such as very young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ To avoid the issue of salmonella, eggs can be pasteurised in shell at 57 ºC for an hour and 15 minutes.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "Rio Grande Glaze Ware __knowledge__ Rio Grande Glaze Ware is a late prehistoric and historic pottery tradition of the Puebloan peoples of New Mexico.", "Rio Grande Glaze Ware __knowledge__ The tradition involved painting pots with black paint made with lead ore; as the pots were fired the black paint fused and sometimes ran.", "Rio Grande Glaze Ware __knowledge__ The tradition lasted from AD 1315 to 1700.", "Rio Grande Glaze Ware __knowledge__ Rio Grande Glaze Ware was made or used in a number of villages from the Santa Fe area to the north end of Elephant Butte Reservoir, and from the valley of the Rio Puerco east to the upper Pecos River Valley.", "Rio Grande Glaze Ware __knowledge__ Archaeologists divide Rio Grande Glaze Ware into arbitrary types with much shorter life spans, primarily to help them date sites.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French pronouns are inflected to indicate their role in the sentence (subject, direct object, and so on), as well as to reflect the person, gender, and number of their referents.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French has a complex system of personal pronouns (analogous to English \"I\", \"we\", \"they\", and so on).", "French pronouns __knowledge__ When compared to English, the particularities of French personal pronouns include: Possessive pronouns refer to an object (or person) by identifying its possessor.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ They lexically indicate the person and number of the possessor, and like other pronouns they are inflected to indicate the gender and number of their referent.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose.", "Common cold __knowledge__ The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.", "Common cold __knowledge__ These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.", "Common cold __knowledge__ People usually recover in seven to ten days, but some symptoms may last up to three weeks.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Occasionally those with other health problems may develop pneumonia.", "Common cold __knowledge__ Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ The Two Futures Project (2FP) is a movement made up of American Christians who support and work towards the abolition of all nuclear weapons.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ This organization believes that human beings face two futures and one choice: a world without nuclear weapons or a world ruined by them.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ 2FP is supportive of concrete and practical steps to reduce nuclear dangers immediately, while pursuing the multilateral, global, irreversible, and verifiable elimination of nuclear weapons, as a biblically-grounded mandate and as a contemporary security imperative.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ In order to make these changes in the world they are using a strategy based around the creation of a non-partisan, conscience-driven, enduring majority of Americans who are committed to a nuclear weapons-free world.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2010 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 116th overall season, 77th as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 19th within the SEC Western Division.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fourth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2010 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of ten wins and three losses (10–3, 5–3 in the SEC) and defeated Michigan State 49–7 in the Capital One Bowl.", "Egg timer __knowledge__ An egg timer is a device the primary function of which is to assist in timing the cooking of eggs.", "Egg timer __knowledge__ Early designs simply counted down for a specific period of time.", "Egg timer __knowledge__ Some modern designs can time more accurately by depending on water temperature rather than an absolute time.", "Egg timer __knowledge__ Traditionally egg timers were small hourglasses and the name has come to be synonymous with this form.", "Egg timer __knowledge__ As technology progressed mechanical countdown timers were developed which had an adjustable dial and could be applied to a wide range of timed cooking tasks.", "Egg timer __knowledge__ Most recently digital timers have also been manufactured and a wide selection of software is available to perform this task on a computer or mobile phone.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Eggs are laid by female animals of many different species, including birds, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, and fish, and have been eaten by humans for thousands of years.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Bird and reptile eggs consist of a protective eggshell, albumen (egg white), and vitellus (egg yolk), contained within various thin membranes.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ The most commonly consumed eggs are chicken eggs.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Other poultry eggs including those of duck and quail are also eaten.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Fish eggs are called roe and caviar.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Egg yolks and whole eggs store significant amounts of protein and choline, and are widely used in cookery.", "Egg as food __knowledge__ Due to their protein content, the United States Department of Agriculture categorizes eggs as \"Meats\" within the Food Guide Pyramid.", "Easter egg __knowledge__ Easter eggs, also called Paschal eggs, are decorated eggs that are usually used as gifts on the occasion of Easter or springtime celebration.", "Easter egg __knowledge__ As such, Easter eggs are common during the season of Eastertide (Easter season).", "Easter egg __knowledge__ The oldest tradition is to use dyed and painted chicken eggs, but a modern custom is to substitute chocolate eggs wrapped in colourful foil, or plastic eggs filled with confectionery such as chocolate.", "Easter egg __knowledge__ Although eggs, in general, were a traditional symbol of fertility and rebirth, in Christianity, for the celebration of Eastertide, Easter eggs symbolize the empty tomb of Jesus, from which Jesus resurrected.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ Olivier salad ( \"Salat Olivye\") is a traditional salad dish in Russian cuisine, which is also popular in old Soviet Union countries (particularly, in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan), some other European countries, Iran, Israel, Mongolia and also throughout Latin America.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ In different modern recipes, it is usually made with diced boiled potatoes, carrots, brined dill pickles, green peas, eggs, celeriac, onions, diced boiled chicken (or sometimes ham or bologna sausage), tart apples, with salt, pepper, and mustard added to enhance flavor, dressed with mayonnaise.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ In many countries, the dish is commonly referred to as Russian salad, although this term can connote vinegret .", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Danish cuisine (), originating from the peasant population's own local produce, was enhanced by cooking techniques developed in the late 19th century and the wider availability of goods after the Industrial Revolution.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ The open sandwiches, known as \"smørrebrød\", which in their basic form are the usual fare for lunch, can be considered a national speciality when prepared and decorated with a variety of fine ingredients.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Hot meals are traditionally prepared from ground meats, such as \"frikadeller\" (meat balls) and \"medisterpølse\", or from more substantial meat and fish dishes such as \"flæskesteg\" (roast pork with crackling) or \"kogt torsk\" (poached cod) with mustard sauce and trimmings." ] ]

[ 2, 2, 5, 3 ]

[ "I do enjoy boiled eggs, do you prefer soft-boiled or hard-boiled?", "Nice. I like hard boiled eggs, because I like to use them for egg salad.", "How long do you cook your boiled eggs? I have an egg timer that helps me.", "That's probably about 6 minutes or so then. Do you use any other methods to make them other than using boiled water?" ]

[ "Boiled egg", "Boiled egg", "Boiled egg", "Boiled egg" ]

[ "Xbox\nIve been wanting to get an Xbox recently but have no clue if I should, Can you change my mind? Whats having an Xbox like? ", "I think Id love to play some older games seeing how I missed the first era of Xbox, Do you know if the Xbox can play online? ", "Oh ok thanks for the info, Im curious when did Microsoft release the Xbox anyways? ", "Dang its that old! I had no idea. I owned a PS2 around that same time and never gave Xbox a chance, Sad I didnt, What are some good Xbox games to pick up? ", "Halo was awesome, I played it with my buddies a bit, It was fantastic!, How much do you think an original Xbox would cost now in 2018? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Xbox __knowledge__ Xbox is a video gaming brand created and owned by Microsoft.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It represents a series of video game consoles developed by Microsoft, with three consoles released in the sixth, seventh and eighth generations respectively.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand also represents applications (games), streaming services, and an online service by the name of Xbox Live.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand was first introduced in the United States in November 2001, with the launch of the original Xbox console.", "Xbox __knowledge__ That original device was the first video game console offered by an American company after the Atari Jaguar stopped sales in 1996.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It reached over 24 million units sold as of May 2006.", "Xbox __knowledge__ Microsoft's second console, the Xbox 360, was released in 2005 and has sold over 77.2 million consoles worldwide as of April 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The successor to the Xbox 360 and Microsoft's most recent console, the Xbox One, was revealed in May 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The Xbox One has been released in 21 markets in total, with a Chinese release in September 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The head of Xbox is Phil Spencer, who succeeded former head Marc Whitten in late March 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The original Xbox was released on November 15, 2001, in North America, February 22, 2002, in Japan, and March 14, 2002, in Australia and Europe.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Xbox One is a line of eighth generation home video game consoles developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Announced in May 2013, it is the successor to Xbox 360 and the third console in the Xbox family.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It was first released in North America, parts of Europe, Australia, and Brazil in November 2013, and in Japan, China, and other European countries in September 2014.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It is the first Xbox game console to be released in China, specifically in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Microsoft marketed the device as an \"all-in-one entertainment system\".", "Xbox One __knowledge__ The Xbox One line mainly competes against consoles such as Sony's PlayStation 4 and Nintendo's Wii U and Switch.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Xbox Live is an online multiplayer gaming and digital media delivery service created and operated by Microsoft.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ It was first made available to the Xbox system in November 2002.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ An updated version of the service became available for the Xbox 360 console at the system's launch in November 2005, and a further enhanced version was released in 2013 with the Xbox One.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ The service was extended in 2007 on the Windows platform, named Games for Windows – Live, which makes most aspects of the system available on Windows computers.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Microsoft has announced plans to extend Live to other platforms such as handhelds and mobile phones as part of the Live Anywhere initiative.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 is a home video game console developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ As the successor to the original Xbox, it is the second console in the Xbox series.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It competed with Sony's PlayStation 3 and Nintendo's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12, 2005, with detailed launch and game information announced later that month at the 2005 E3 expo.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 features an online service, Xbox Live, which was expanded from its previous iteration on the original Xbox and received regular updates during the console's lifetime.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ Available in free and subscription-based varieties, Xbox Live allows users to: play games online; download games (through Xbox Live Arcade) and game demos; purchase and stream music, television programs, and films through the Xbox Music and Xbox Video portals; and access third-party content services through media streaming applications.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ The Xbox is a home video game console and the first installment in the Xbox series of consoles manufactured by Microsoft.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was released on November 15, 2001 in North America, followed by Australia, Europe and Japan in 2002.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was Microsoft's first foray into the gaming console market.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It is the part of sixth generation console, and competed with Sony's PlayStation 2 and Nintendo's GameCube.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was also the first console produced by an American company since the Atari Jaguar ceased production in 1996.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ Announced in 2000, the Xbox, graphically powerful compared to its rivals, featured a standard PC's 733 MHz Intel Pentium III processor.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 game console, developed by Microsoft, features a number of first-party and third-party accessories.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ Up to four controllers are able to connect to Xbox 360, including wired and wireless gamepads.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ The wireless controllers run on either AA batteries (Alkaline or rechargeable) or on a rechargeable battery pack.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ The wired controllers may be connected to any of the USB ports on the console (the number of ports depends on model: old-style 360s have two at the front and one on the rear, while Xbox 360 S units have two at the front and three at the rear), or to a USB hub.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ USB keyboards are also supported, but only for inputting text and navigating the dashboard; additionally, the number pad and hotkeys are non-functional." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Xbox __knowledge__ Xbox is a video gaming brand created and owned by Microsoft.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It represents a series of video game consoles developed by Microsoft, with three consoles released in the sixth, seventh and eighth generations respectively.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand also represents applications (games), streaming services, and an online service by the name of Xbox Live.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand was first introduced in the United States in November 2001, with the launch of the original Xbox console.", "Xbox __knowledge__ That original device was the first video game console offered by an American company after the Atari Jaguar stopped sales in 1996.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It reached over 24 million units sold as of May 2006.", "Xbox __knowledge__ Microsoft's second console, the Xbox 360, was released in 2005 and has sold over 77.2 million consoles worldwide as of April 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The successor to the Xbox 360 and Microsoft's most recent console, the Xbox One, was revealed in May 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The Xbox One has been released in 21 markets in total, with a Chinese release in September 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The head of Xbox is Phil Spencer, who succeeded former head Marc Whitten in late March 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The original Xbox was released on November 15, 2001, in North America, February 22, 2002, in Japan, and March 14, 2002, in Australia and Europe.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Xbox Live is an online multiplayer gaming and digital media delivery service created and operated by Microsoft.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ It was first made available to the Xbox system in November 2002.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ An updated version of the service became available for the Xbox 360 console at the system's launch in November 2005, and a further enhanced version was released in 2013 with the Xbox One.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ The service was extended in 2007 on the Windows platform, named Games for Windows – Live, which makes most aspects of the system available on Windows computers.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Microsoft has announced plans to extend Live to other platforms such as handhelds and mobile phones as part of the Live Anywhere initiative.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ The Xbox is a home video game console and the first installment in the Xbox series of consoles manufactured by Microsoft.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was released on November 15, 2001 in North America, followed by Australia, Europe and Japan in 2002.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was Microsoft's first foray into the gaming console market.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It is the part of sixth generation console, and competed with Sony's PlayStation 2 and Nintendo's GameCube.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was also the first console produced by an American company since the Atari Jaguar ceased production in 1996.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ Announced in 2000, the Xbox, graphically powerful compared to its rivals, featured a standard PC's 733 MHz Intel Pentium III processor.", "Rare Replay __knowledge__ Rare Replay is a 2015 compilation of 30 video games from the 30-year history of developers Rare and its predecessor, Ultimate Play the Game.", "Rare Replay __knowledge__ The emulated games span multiple genres and consoles—from the ZX Spectrum to the Xbox 360—and retain the features and errors of their original releases with minimal edits.", "Rare Replay __knowledge__ The compilation adds cheats to make the older games easier and a Snapshots mode of specific challenges culled from parts of the games.", "Rare Replay __knowledge__ Player progress is rewarded with behind-the-scenes footage and interviews about Rare's major and unreleased games.", "Rare Replay __knowledge__ The compilation was one of several ideas Rare considered to celebrate its 30th anniversary.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 is a home video game console developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ As the successor to the original Xbox, it is the second console in the Xbox series.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It competed with Sony's PlayStation 3 and Nintendo's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12, 2005, with detailed launch and game information announced later that month at the 2005 E3 expo.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 features an online service, Xbox Live, which was expanded from its previous iteration on the original Xbox and received regular updates during the console's lifetime.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ Available in free and subscription-based varieties, Xbox Live allows users to: play games online; download games (through Xbox Live Arcade) and game demos; purchase and stream music, television programs, and films through the Xbox Music and Xbox Video portals; and access third-party content services through media streaming applications.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Xbox One is a line of eighth generation home video game consoles developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Announced in May 2013, it is the successor to Xbox 360 and the third console in the Xbox family.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It was first released in North America, parts of Europe, Australia, and Brazil in November 2013, and in Japan, China, and other European countries in September 2014.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It is the first Xbox game console to be released in China, specifically in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Microsoft marketed the device as an \"all-in-one entertainment system\".", "Xbox One __knowledge__ The Xbox One line mainly competes against consoles such as Sony's PlayStation 4 and Nintendo's Wii U and Switch.", "Nintendo Switch __knowledge__ The Nintendo Switch is the seventh major video game console developed by Nintendo.", "Nintendo Switch __knowledge__ Known in development by its codename NX, it was unveiled in October 2016 and was released worldwide on March 3, 2017.", "Nintendo Switch __knowledge__ Nintendo considers the Switch a \"hybrid\" console: it is designed primarily as a home console, with the main unit inserted onto a docking station to connect to a television.", "Nintendo Switch __knowledge__ Alternatively, it can be removed from the dock and used similarly to a tablet computer through its LCD touchscreen, or placed in a standalone tabletop mode visible to several players.", "Nintendo Switch __knowledge__ The Nintendo Switch uses the wireless Joy-Con controllers, which include standard buttons and directional analog sticks for user input, motion sensing, and high-definition tactile feedback." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Xbox __knowledge__ Xbox is a video gaming brand created and owned by Microsoft.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It represents a series of video game consoles developed by Microsoft, with three consoles released in the sixth, seventh and eighth generations respectively.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand also represents applications (games), streaming services, and an online service by the name of Xbox Live.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand was first introduced in the United States in November 2001, with the launch of the original Xbox console.", "Xbox __knowledge__ That original device was the first video game console offered by an American company after the Atari Jaguar stopped sales in 1996.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It reached over 24 million units sold as of May 2006.", "Xbox __knowledge__ Microsoft's second console, the Xbox 360, was released in 2005 and has sold over 77.2 million consoles worldwide as of April 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The successor to the Xbox 360 and Microsoft's most recent console, the Xbox One, was revealed in May 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The Xbox One has been released in 21 markets in total, with a Chinese release in September 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The head of Xbox is Phil Spencer, who succeeded former head Marc Whitten in late March 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The original Xbox was released on November 15, 2001, in North America, February 22, 2002, in Japan, and March 14, 2002, in Australia and Europe.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Xbox One is a line of eighth generation home video game consoles developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Announced in May 2013, it is the successor to Xbox 360 and the third console in the Xbox family.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It was first released in North America, parts of Europe, Australia, and Brazil in November 2013, and in Japan, China, and other European countries in September 2014.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It is the first Xbox game console to be released in China, specifically in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Microsoft marketed the device as an \"all-in-one entertainment system\".", "Xbox One __knowledge__ The Xbox One line mainly competes against consoles such as Sony's PlayStation 4 and Nintendo's Wii U and Switch.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Xbox Live is an online multiplayer gaming and digital media delivery service created and operated by Microsoft.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ It was first made available to the Xbox system in November 2002.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ An updated version of the service became available for the Xbox 360 console at the system's launch in November 2005, and a further enhanced version was released in 2013 with the Xbox One.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ The service was extended in 2007 on the Windows platform, named Games for Windows – Live, which makes most aspects of the system available on Windows computers.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Microsoft has announced plans to extend Live to other platforms such as handhelds and mobile phones as part of the Live Anywhere initiative.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 is a home video game console developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ As the successor to the original Xbox, it is the second console in the Xbox series.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It competed with Sony's PlayStation 3 and Nintendo's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12, 2005, with detailed launch and game information announced later that month at the 2005 E3 expo.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 features an online service, Xbox Live, which was expanded from its previous iteration on the original Xbox and received regular updates during the console's lifetime.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ Available in free and subscription-based varieties, Xbox Live allows users to: play games online; download games (through Xbox Live Arcade) and game demos; purchase and stream music, television programs, and films through the Xbox Music and Xbox Video portals; and access third-party content services through media streaming applications.", "Xbox 360 launch __knowledge__ The promotional campaign for the Xbox 360 began on March 30, 2005 , with the opening of an alternate reality game called OurColony.", "Xbox 360 launch __knowledge__ Throughout March and April OurColony.net offered challenges to its community, rewarding solutions with cropped pictures of the console and game screenshots.", "Xbox 360 launch __knowledge__ On May 12, 2005, the ARG section of OurColony closed, visitors were instead greeted with a promotional video hosted by J. Allard.", "Xbox 360 launch __knowledge__ OurColony participants were allowed special access to insider info and previews before release to the general public.", "Xbox 360 launch __knowledge__ OrigenXbox360.com was the next viral marketing campaign from Microsoft.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ The Xbox is a home video game console and the first installment in the Xbox series of consoles manufactured by Microsoft.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was released on November 15, 2001 in North America, followed by Australia, Europe and Japan in 2002.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was Microsoft's first foray into the gaming console market.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It is the part of sixth generation console, and competed with Sony's PlayStation 2 and Nintendo's GameCube.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was also the first console produced by an American company since the Atari Jaguar ceased production in 1996.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ Announced in 2000, the Xbox, graphically powerful compared to its rivals, featured a standard PC's 733 MHz Intel Pentium III processor.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Windows 10 __knowledge__ Windows 10 is a personal computer operating system developed and released by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems.", "Windows 10 __knowledge__ It was released on July 29, 2015.", "Windows 10 __knowledge__ It is the first version of Windows that receives ongoing feature updates.", "Windows 10 __knowledge__ Devices in enterprise environments can receive these updates at a slower pace, or use long-term support milestones that only receive critical updates, such as security patches, over their ten-year lifespan of extended support.", "Windows 10 __knowledge__ Windows 10 introduces what Microsoft described as \"universal apps\"; expanding on Metro-style apps, these apps can be designed to run across multiple Microsoft product families with nearly identical codeincluding PCs, tablets, smartphones, embedded systems, Xbox One, Surface Hub and Mixed Reality.", "Seventh generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ In the history of video games, the seventh generation includes consoles released since late by Nintendo, Microsoft, and Sony Computer Entertainment.", "Seventh generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ The eighth generation began in November 2012.", "Seventh generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ For home consoles, the seventh generation began on November 22, 2005 with the release of Microsoft's Xbox 360 and continued with the release of Sony Computer Entertainment's PlayStation 3 on November 17, 2006, and Nintendo's Wii on November 19, 2006.", "Seventh generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ Each new console introduced a new type of breakthrough in technology.", "Seventh generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 offered games rendered natively at high-definition video (HD) resolutions, the PlayStation 3 offered HD movie playback via a built-in 3D Blu-ray Disc player, and the Wii focused on integrating controllers with movement sensors as well as joysticks.", "List of backward compatible games for Xbox One __knowledge__ The Xbox One gaming console has received updates from Microsoft since its launch in 2013 that enable it to play select games from its two predecessor consoles, Xbox and Xbox 360.", "List of backward compatible games for Xbox One __knowledge__ On June 15, 2015, backward compatibility with supported Xbox 360 games became available to eligible Xbox Preview program users with a beta update to the Xbox One system software.", "List of backward compatible games for Xbox One __knowledge__ The dashboard update containing backward compatibility was released publicly on November 12, 2015.", "List of backward compatible games for Xbox One __knowledge__ On October 24, 2017, another such update added games from the original Xbox library.", "List of backward compatible games for Xbox One __knowledge__ The following is a list of all backward compatible games on Xbox One under this functionality.", "List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360 __knowledge__ This is a list of Xbox games that are compatible with the console's successor, the Xbox 360.", "List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360 __knowledge__ Microsoft ceased adding titles to the list in November 2007, so the list is considered final.", "List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360 __knowledge__ As of April 2010, original Xbox games no longer can be played online via the Xbox Live service, as it was ended for the original Xbox console.", "List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360 __knowledge__ However, online multiplayer still is possible through third-party LAN Tunneling programs that manipulate System Link, such as XLink Kai.", "List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360 __knowledge__ Downloadable content for these titles is not available via Xbox Live.", "List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360 __knowledge__ This includes the Xbox Originals downloaded on the Xbox 360 and any Xbox game running on the Xbox 360.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 game console, developed by Microsoft, features a number of first-party and third-party accessories.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ Up to four controllers are able to connect to Xbox 360, including wired and wireless gamepads.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ The wireless controllers run on either AA batteries (Alkaline or rechargeable) or on a rechargeable battery pack.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ The wired controllers may be connected to any of the USB ports on the console (the number of ports depends on model: old-style 360s have two at the front and one on the rear, while Xbox 360 S units have two at the front and three at the rear), or to a USB hub.", "List of Xbox 360 accessories __knowledge__ USB keyboards are also supported, but only for inputting text and navigating the dashboard; additionally, the number pad and hotkeys are non-functional." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Xbox __knowledge__ Xbox is a video gaming brand created and owned by Microsoft.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It represents a series of video game consoles developed by Microsoft, with three consoles released in the sixth, seventh and eighth generations respectively.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand also represents applications (games), streaming services, and an online service by the name of Xbox Live.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand was first introduced in the United States in November 2001, with the launch of the original Xbox console.", "Xbox __knowledge__ That original device was the first video game console offered by an American company after the Atari Jaguar stopped sales in 1996.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It reached over 24 million units sold as of May 2006.", "Xbox __knowledge__ Microsoft's second console, the Xbox 360, was released in 2005 and has sold over 77.2 million consoles worldwide as of April 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The successor to the Xbox 360 and Microsoft's most recent console, the Xbox One, was revealed in May 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The Xbox One has been released in 21 markets in total, with a Chinese release in September 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The head of Xbox is Phil Spencer, who succeeded former head Marc Whitten in late March 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The original Xbox was released on November 15, 2001, in North America, February 22, 2002, in Japan, and March 14, 2002, in Australia and Europe.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Xbox Live is an online multiplayer gaming and digital media delivery service created and operated by Microsoft.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ It was first made available to the Xbox system in November 2002.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ An updated version of the service became available for the Xbox 360 console at the system's launch in November 2005, and a further enhanced version was released in 2013 with the Xbox One.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ The service was extended in 2007 on the Windows platform, named Games for Windows – Live, which makes most aspects of the system available on Windows computers.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Microsoft has announced plans to extend Live to other platforms such as handhelds and mobile phones as part of the Live Anywhere initiative.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Xbox One is a line of eighth generation home video game consoles developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Announced in May 2013, it is the successor to Xbox 360 and the third console in the Xbox family.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It was first released in North America, parts of Europe, Australia, and Brazil in November 2013, and in Japan, China, and other European countries in September 2014.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It is the first Xbox game console to be released in China, specifically in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Microsoft marketed the device as an \"all-in-one entertainment system\".", "Xbox One __knowledge__ The Xbox One line mainly competes against consoles such as Sony's PlayStation 4 and Nintendo's Wii U and Switch.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ The Xbox is a home video game console and the first installment in the Xbox series of consoles manufactured by Microsoft.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was released on November 15, 2001 in North America, followed by Australia, Europe and Japan in 2002.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was Microsoft's first foray into the gaming console market.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It is the part of sixth generation console, and competed with Sony's PlayStation 2 and Nintendo's GameCube.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was also the first console produced by an American company since the Atari Jaguar ceased production in 1996.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ Announced in 2000, the Xbox, graphically powerful compared to its rivals, featured a standard PC's 733 MHz Intel Pentium III processor.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Sixth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ In the history of video games, the sixth-generation era (sometimes referred to as the 128-bit era; see \"Bits and system power\" below) refers to the computer and video games, video game consoles, and video game handhelds available at the turn of the 21st century which was from 1998 to 2005.", "Sixth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ Platforms of the sixth generation include the Sega Dreamcast, Sony PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, and Microsoft Xbox.", "Sixth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ This era began on November 27, 1998 with the Japanese release of the Dreamcast, and it was joined by the PlayStation 2 in March 2000 and the GameCube and Xbox in 2001.", "Sixth generation of video game consoles __knowledge__ The Dreamcast was discontinued in 2001, the GameCube in 2007, Xbox in 2009 and PlayStation 2 in 2013.", "History of video games __knowledge__ The history of video games goes as far back as the early 1950s, when academic computer scientists began designing simple games and simulations as part of their research.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Video gaming did not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 1980s, when video arcade games and gaming consoles using joysticks, buttons, and other controllers, along with graphics on computer screens and home computer games were introduced to the general public.", "History of video games __knowledge__ Since the 1980s, video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern popular culture in most parts of the world.", "History of video games __knowledge__ One of the early games was \"Spacewar!", "List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360 __knowledge__ This is a list of Xbox games that are compatible with the console's successor, the Xbox 360.", "List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360 __knowledge__ Microsoft ceased adding titles to the list in November 2007, so the list is considered final.", "List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360 __knowledge__ As of April 2010, original Xbox games no longer can be played online via the Xbox Live service, as it was ended for the original Xbox console.", "List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360 __knowledge__ However, online multiplayer still is possible through third-party LAN Tunneling programs that manipulate System Link, such as XLink Kai.", "List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360 __knowledge__ Downloadable content for these titles is not available via Xbox Live.", "List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360 __knowledge__ This includes the Xbox Originals downloaded on the Xbox 360 and any Xbox game running on the Xbox 360.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 is a home video game console developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ As the successor to the original Xbox, it is the second console in the Xbox series.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It competed with Sony's PlayStation 3 and Nintendo's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12, 2005, with detailed launch and game information announced later that month at the 2005 E3 expo.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 features an online service, Xbox Live, which was expanded from its previous iteration on the original Xbox and received regular updates during the console's lifetime.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ Available in free and subscription-based varieties, Xbox Live allows users to: play games online; download games (through Xbox Live Arcade) and game demos; purchase and stream music, television programs, and films through the Xbox Music and Xbox Video portals; and access third-party content services through media streaming applications.", "Xbox One system software __knowledge__ The Xbox One system software, sometimes called the Xbox OS, is the operating system for the eighth-generation home video game console, Xbox One.", "Xbox One system software __knowledge__ It is a Windows-based operating system using the Hyper-V virtual machine monitor and contains separate operating systems for games and applications that can run on the console.", "Xbox One system software __knowledge__ It is located on the internal HDD for day-to-day usage, while also being duplicated on the internal NAND storage of the console for recovery purposes and factory reset functionality.", "Xbox One system software __knowledge__ The Xbox One allows users to download applications that add to the functionality of the dashboard." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Xbox __knowledge__ Xbox is a video gaming brand created and owned by Microsoft.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It represents a series of video game consoles developed by Microsoft, with three consoles released in the sixth, seventh and eighth generations respectively.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand also represents applications (games), streaming services, and an online service by the name of Xbox Live.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The brand was first introduced in the United States in November 2001, with the launch of the original Xbox console.", "Xbox __knowledge__ That original device was the first video game console offered by an American company after the Atari Jaguar stopped sales in 1996.", "Xbox __knowledge__ It reached over 24 million units sold as of May 2006.", "Xbox __knowledge__ Microsoft's second console, the Xbox 360, was released in 2005 and has sold over 77.2 million consoles worldwide as of April 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The successor to the Xbox 360 and Microsoft's most recent console, the Xbox One, was revealed in May 2013.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The Xbox One has been released in 21 markets in total, with a Chinese release in September 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The head of Xbox is Phil Spencer, who succeeded former head Marc Whitten in late March 2014.", "Xbox __knowledge__ The original Xbox was released on November 15, 2001, in North America, February 22, 2002, in Japan, and March 14, 2002, in Australia and Europe.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Xbox Live is an online multiplayer gaming and digital media delivery service created and operated by Microsoft.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ It was first made available to the Xbox system in November 2002.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ An updated version of the service became available for the Xbox 360 console at the system's launch in November 2005, and a further enhanced version was released in 2013 with the Xbox One.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ The service was extended in 2007 on the Windows platform, named Games for Windows – Live, which makes most aspects of the system available on Windows computers.", "Xbox Live __knowledge__ Microsoft has announced plans to extend Live to other platforms such as handhelds and mobile phones as part of the Live Anywhere initiative.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Xbox One is a line of eighth generation home video game consoles developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Announced in May 2013, it is the successor to Xbox 360 and the third console in the Xbox family.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It was first released in North America, parts of Europe, Australia, and Brazil in November 2013, and in Japan, China, and other European countries in September 2014.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ It is the first Xbox game console to be released in China, specifically in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone.", "Xbox One __knowledge__ Microsoft marketed the device as an \"all-in-one entertainment system\".", "Xbox One __knowledge__ The Xbox One line mainly competes against consoles such as Sony's PlayStation 4 and Nintendo's Wii U and Switch.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ The Xbox is a home video game console and the first installment in the Xbox series of consoles manufactured by Microsoft.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was released on November 15, 2001 in North America, followed by Australia, Europe and Japan in 2002.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was Microsoft's first foray into the gaming console market.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It is the part of sixth generation console, and competed with Sony's PlayStation 2 and Nintendo's GameCube.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ It was also the first console produced by an American company since the Atari Jaguar ceased production in 1996.", "Xbox (console) __knowledge__ Announced in 2000, the Xbox, graphically powerful compared to its rivals, featured a standard PC's 733 MHz Intel Pentium III processor.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Halo 4 __knowledge__ Halo 4 is a first-person shooter video game developed by 343 Industries and published by Microsoft Studios for the Xbox 360 video game console.", "Halo 4 __knowledge__ The seventh video game installment in the \"Halo\" franchise, the game was released worldwide in November 2012.", "Halo 4 __knowledge__ \"Halo 4\"s story follows a cybernetically enhanced human supersoldier, Master Chief, and his artificial intelligence construct Cortana, as they encounter unknown threats while exploring an ancient civilization's planet.", "Halo 4 __knowledge__ The player assumes the role of Master Chief, who battles remnants of the former military alliance of alien races known as the Covenant and mechanical warriors of the Forerunner empire known as the Prometheans.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 is a home video game console developed by Microsoft.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ As the successor to the original Xbox, it is the second console in the Xbox series.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It competed with Sony's PlayStation 3 and Nintendo's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ It was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12, 2005, with detailed launch and game information announced later that month at the 2005 E3 expo.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 features an online service, Xbox Live, which was expanded from its previous iteration on the original Xbox and received regular updates during the console's lifetime.", "Xbox 360 __knowledge__ Available in free and subscription-based varieties, Xbox Live allows users to: play games online; download games (through Xbox Live Arcade) and game demos; purchase and stream music, television programs, and films through the Xbox Music and Xbox Video portals; and access third-party content services through media streaming applications.", "Halo 2 __knowledge__ Halo 2 is a 2004 first-person shooter video game developed by Bungie Studios.", "Halo 2 __knowledge__ Released for the Xbox video game console on November 9, 2004, the game is the second installment in the \"Halo\" franchise and the sequel to 2001's critically acclaimed \"\".", "Halo 2 __knowledge__ A Microsoft Windows version of the game was released on May 31, 2007, developed by an internal team at Microsoft Game Studios known as Hired Gun.", "Halo 2 __knowledge__ The game features a new game engine, as well as using the Havok physics engine; added weapons and vehicles, and new multiplayer maps.", "Halo 2 __knowledge__ The player alternately assumes the roles of the human Master Chief and the alien Arbiter in a 26th-century conflict between the human United Nations Space Command and genocidal Covenant.", "Blinx: The Time Sweeper __knowledge__ Blinx: The Time Sweeper is a platform game developed by Artoon and published by Microsoft Game Studios.", "Blinx: The Time Sweeper __knowledge__ It was released for the Xbox on October 7, 2002.", "Blinx: The Time Sweeper __knowledge__ A sequel, \"\", was released for the Xbox in 2004.", "Blinx: The Time Sweeper __knowledge__ Advertised as \"The World's First 4D Action Game\", \"Blinx: The Time Sweeper\" is a third-person platform game, in which the player controls the titular character Blinx, an anthropomorphic cat, who is on a mission to prevent the end of Dimension B1Q64 and rescue its princess from the evil Tom-Tom Gang.", "Blinx: The Time Sweeper __knowledge__ Blinx is outfitted with the TS-1000 Vacuum Cleaner, with which he can exert control over time itself through five unique \"Time Controls\": slowing down time, speeding it up, recording himself, reversing time, and stopping it entirely via pausing.", "Halo (series) __knowledge__ Halo is a military science fiction first-person shooter video game franchise created by Bungie and now managed and developed by 343 Industries, a subsidiary of Microsoft Studios.", "Halo (series) __knowledge__ The series centers on an interstellar war between humanity and a theocratic alliance of aliens known as the Covenant.", "Halo (series) __knowledge__ The Covenant, led by their religious leaders called the Prophets, worship an ancient civilization known as the Forerunners, who perished in combat with the parasitic Flood.", "Halo (series) __knowledge__ The central focus of the franchise builds off the experiences of Master Chief John-117, one of a group of supersoldiers codenamed Spartans, and his artificial intelligence (AI) companion, Cortana.", "Halo 5: Guardians __knowledge__ Halo 5: Guardians is a first-person shooter video game developed by 343 Industries and published by Microsoft Studios for the Xbox One home video game console.", "Halo 5: Guardians __knowledge__ The tenth installment and fifth main entry in the \"Halo\" series of video games, it was released worldwide on October 27, 2015.", "Halo 5: Guardians __knowledge__ The game's plot follows two fireteams of human supersoldiers: Blue Team, led by Master Chief, and Fireteam Osiris, led by Spartan Locke.", "Halo 5: Guardians __knowledge__ When the former goes absent without leave to track down the artificial intelligence construct Cortana, Master Chief's loyalty is called into question, and Fireteam Osiris is sent to retrieve him.", "Characters of Halo __knowledge__ Recurring characters of \"Halo\" are organized below by their respective factions in the fictional universe.", "Characters of Halo __knowledge__ The multimedia franchise's central story revolves around an interstellar war between future humanity under the auspices of the United Nations Space Command or UNSC, and an alien theocratic alliance known as the Covenant.", "Characters of Halo __knowledge__ The artifacts left behind by an ancient race known as the Forerunner play a central role, particularly the massive weapons, dubbed Halos, built to contain the parasitic Flood.", "Characters of Halo __knowledge__ Beginning with developer Bungie's 2001 video game \"\", the franchise expanded to include numerous sequel video games, novels, comics, and other works.", "Halo 4 Original Soundtrack __knowledge__ The Halo 4 Original Soundtrack is the official soundtrack to the first-person shooter video game \"Halo 4\", developed by 343 Industries and published by Microsoft Studios.", "Halo 4 Original Soundtrack __knowledge__ British record producer Neil Davidge was \"Halo 4\"s main composer and producer.", "Halo 4 Original Soundtrack __knowledge__ The soundtrack was released on October 19, 2012 in Australia and New Zealand, and October 22 everywhere else.", "Halo 4 Original Soundtrack __knowledge__ A second volume containing more of the score was released digitally on April 8, 2013.", "Halo 4 Original Soundtrack __knowledge__ Davidge was a \"Halo\" fan who was honored to have the chance to write music for the games.", "Halo 4 Original Soundtrack __knowledge__ Drawing inspiration from the game's concept art and other visuals, he began writing music for the game in December 2010.", "Halo 3 __knowledge__ Halo 3 is a 2007 first-person shooter video game developed by Bungie for the Xbox 360 console.", "Halo 3 __knowledge__ The third installment in the \"Halo\" franchise, the game concludes the story arc begun in 2001's \"\" and continued in 2004's \"Halo 2\".", "Halo 3 __knowledge__ The game was released on September 25, 2007, in Australia, Brazil, India, New Zealand, North America, and Singapore; September 26, 2007, in Europe; and September 27, 2007, in Japan.", "Halo 3 __knowledge__ \"Halo 3\"s story centers on the interstellar war between twenty-sixth century humanity and a collection of alien races known as the Covenant.", "Halo 3 __knowledge__ The player assumes the role of the Master Chief, a cybernetically enhanced supersoldier, as he battles the Covenant." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 4, 0, 1 ]

[ "xbox is a classic gaming console i would recommend", "xbox games are usually backwards compatible so you might need a 360 at worst but you dont need an xbox original", "the launch of the original Xbox was in 2001", "I was a huge fan of time sweeper and halo", "xbox consoles are quite old so probably like 10-20 dollars for a microsoft owned console" ]

[ "Xbox", "Xbox", "Xbox", "Xbox", "Xbox" ]

[ "Tap dance\nI love tap dancing", "It's really unique, I've been doing it for 6 years. Do you do any sort of dance?", "I only do rhythm, can you tell me about jazz?", "Where is New Orleans in America?", "It's in the South East? I never knew that" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Tap dance is a form of dance characterized by using the sounds of tap shoes striking the floor as a form of percussion.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Two major variations on tap dance exist: rhythm (jazz) tap and Broadway tap.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Broadway tap focuses on dance; it is widely performed in musical theater.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Rhythm tap focuses on musicality, and practitioners consider themselves to be a part of the jazz tradition.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ The sound is made by shoes that have a metal \"tap\" on the heel and toe.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ There are different brands of shoes which sometimes differ in the way they sound.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ \"Soft-shoe\" is a rhythm form of tap dancing that does not require special shoes, and though rhythm is generated by tapping of the feet, it also uses sliding of the feet (even sometimes using scattered sand on the stage to enhance the sound of sliding feet) more often than modern rhythm tap.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ It preceded what is currently considered to be modern tap, but has since declined in popularity.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Tap dance has its roots in the fusion of several ethnic percussive dances, including African tribal dances, English clog dancing and Irish jigs; the relative contribution of different traditions is a point of disagreement among historians and dance scholars. Tap dance is believed to have begun in the mid-1800s during the rise of minstrel shows.", "Chloe Arnold __knowledge__ Chloe Arnold is an American dancer, actress, choreographer, director, and producer.", "Chloe Arnold __knowledge__ She is best known internationally as a tap dancer and was recently seen on Season 11 of FOX's \"So You Think You Can Dance\" with her company, Chloe Arnold's Syncopated Ladies.", "Chloe Arnold __knowledge__ As Co-founder of the DC Tap Festival, Chloe Arnold began her professional career at age 10 in Savion Glover’s Washington, DC Crew performing at The Dance Place, The Kennedy Center in Savion Glover’s All Star Tap Revue (starring Gregory Hines, The Nicholas Brothers, and Jimmy Slyde), and in Frank Hatchet’s Broadway Showcase.", "Chloe Arnold __knowledge__ At 16, she was cast in Debbie Allen’s production of Brother’s of the Knight at The Kennedy Center.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ Howard \"Sandman\" Sims (January 24, 1917 – May 20, 2003) was an African-American tap dancer who began his career in vaudeville.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ He was skilled in a style of dancing that he performed in a wooden sandbox of his own construction, and acquired his nickname from the sand he sprinkled to alter and amplify the sound of his dance steps.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ \"They called the board my Stradivarius,\" Sims said of his sandbox.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ From the 1950s to the year 2000, Sims was a regular attraction — a \"fixture\" — at Harlem's noted Apollo Theater, comedically ushering failed acts offstage with a hook, broom or other prop.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ He was also involved in New York City's Hoofers Club, a venue primarily for black tap dancers.", "LaVaughn Robinson __knowledge__ LaVaughn Robinson (LaVaughn Evett) (February 9, 1927 – January 22, 2008) was an US tap dancer, choreographer, and teacher.", "LaVaughn Robinson __knowledge__ A virtuoso tap dancer, Robinson perfected a high speed, low to the ground, a cappella style of dance that was characterized by elegance, precision, and clarity of sound.", "LaVaughn Robinson __knowledge__ In a career spanning over 70 years, he started performing on the street, then in nightclubs, and finally in national and international tap festivals.", "LaVaughn Robinson __knowledge__ He was recognized by the National Endowment of the Arts as a \"Living National Treasure\", received a NEA National Heritage Fellowship in 1989, a lifetime honor, and a 1992 Pew Fellowship in the Arts.", "Bill Robinson __knowledge__ Bill \"Bojangles\" Robinson (May 25, 1878 – November 25, 1949) was an American tap dancer and actor, the best known and most highly paid African-American entertainer in the first half of the twentieth century.", "Bill Robinson __knowledge__ His long career mirrored changes in American entertainment tastes and technology.", "Bill Robinson __knowledge__ He started in the age of minstrel shows and moved to vaudeville, Broadway, the recording industry, Hollywood, radio, and television.", "Bill Robinson __knowledge__ According to dance critic Marshall Stearns, \"Robinson's contribution to tap dance is exact and specific.", "Bill Robinson __knowledge__ He brought it up on its toes, dancing upright and swinging\", giving tap a \"…hitherto-unknown lightness and presence.\"", "Tap dance technique __knowledge__ Tap dance makes frequent use of syncopation.", "Tap dance technique __knowledge__ Tap dance choreographies typically start on the eighth beat, or between the eighth and the first count.", "Tap dance technique __knowledge__ Tap was formed from other types of dancing, such as ballet, jazz and contemporary clogging.", "Tap dance technique __knowledge__ Hoofers are tap dancers who dance only with their feet, making a louder, more grounded sound.", "Tap dance technique __knowledge__ This kind of tap dancing is also called \"rhythm tap\".", "Tap dance technique __knowledge__ Another aspect of tap dancing is improvisation.", "Tap dance technique __knowledge__ This can either be done with music and follow the beats provided or without musical accompaniment, otherwise known as a cappella dancing.", "Tap dance technique __knowledge__ There is no universal terminology for tap techniques and steps.", "Eduardo Corrochio __knowledge__ Eduardo Corrochio (1869–1912) was a Spanish-born dancer who won the first Tap Dancing Championship in New York City in 1890.", "Eduardo Corrochio __knowledge__ He died in a plane crash.", "Eduardo Corrochio __knowledge__ Eduardo Corrochio was born in Spain in 1869, the only son of Miguel and Regina Corrochio.", "Eduardo Corrochio __knowledge__ His mother Regina was half English, having been fathered by a British Colonel.", "Eduardo Corrochio __knowledge__ His early life has been poorly documented.", "Eduardo Corrochio __knowledge__ It seems that his family was part of the poor farming class that lived on the shrinking agricultural land that bordered the city of Madrid.", "Eduardo Corrochio __knowledge__ He was accepted into Spanish gymnastics school at the age of seven, where he caught the eye of an instructor by the name of Damiano Tutador." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Tap dance is a form of dance characterized by using the sounds of tap shoes striking the floor as a form of percussion.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Two major variations on tap dance exist: rhythm (jazz) tap and Broadway tap.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Broadway tap focuses on dance; it is widely performed in musical theater.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Rhythm tap focuses on musicality, and practitioners consider themselves to be a part of the jazz tradition.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ The sound is made by shoes that have a metal \"tap\" on the heel and toe.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ There are different brands of shoes which sometimes differ in the way they sound.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ \"Soft-shoe\" is a rhythm form of tap dancing that does not require special shoes, and though rhythm is generated by tapping of the feet, it also uses sliding of the feet (even sometimes using scattered sand on the stage to enhance the sound of sliding feet) more often than modern rhythm tap.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ It preceded what is currently considered to be modern tap, but has since declined in popularity.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Tap dance has its roots in the fusion of several ethnic percussive dances, including African tribal dances, English clog dancing and Irish jigs; the relative contribution of different traditions is a point of disagreement among historians and dance scholars. Tap dance is believed to have begun in the mid-1800s during the rise of minstrel shows.", "Beauty Killer __knowledge__ Beauty Killer is the debut and only studio album by American singer, songwriter Jeffree Star, released September 22, 2009 under Popsicle Records through Warner Music Group's Independent Label Group.", "Beauty Killer __knowledge__ The album was mostly produced by God's Paparazzi, but also features work from other producers and artist, including producer Lester Mendez and Young Money singer and rapper Nicki Minaj.", "Beauty Killer __knowledge__ \"Beauty Killer\" features rock, electronic, dance, and pop elements in its music and lyrics, similar to previous works from Star.", "Beauty Killer __knowledge__ The album has since become Star's biggest selling album to date, debuting at number two in the \"Billboard\" Top Heatseekers chart, as well as becoming his first \"Billboard\" 200 charting album, peaking at number 122.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ Purpose is the fourth studio album by Canadian singer and songwriter Justin Bieber.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ It was released on November 13, 2015 by Def Jam Recordings and School Boy Records.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ It serves as the follow-up to Bieber's third studio album \"Believe\" (2012), and it was developed after the release of his collection \"Journals\" (2013), which saw him in a more R&B direction.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ The album was created over a period of two years, in which Bieber struggled to find a musical direction for recording, scrapping each of these tracks many times.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ The album features guest vocals from Travis Scott, Big Sean and Halsey, and production help from Skrillex and Diplo.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ Book of Love is an American synthpop and electronic band, formed in 1983 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and later based out of New York City.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ Led by vocalist Susan Ottaviano, the band also includes keyboardists Ted Ottaviano (no relation to Susan), Lauren Roselli and Jade Lee.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ The band gained its first exposure as the opening act for two Depeche Mode tours in 1985 and 1986.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ The group has been described by the \"Houston Press\" as \"forward thinking\" for lyrics dealing with sexual orientation and gender roles.", "Book of Love (band) __knowledge__ Their biggest success came on the US dance charts, placing seven singles in the \"Billboard\" Hot Dance Club Play chart between 1985 and 1993.", "Louder Now __knowledge__ Louder Now is the third studio album by American rock band Taking Back Sunday.", "Louder Now __knowledge__ In April 2005, the group had begun writing material for the album.", "Louder Now __knowledge__ Two months later, they signed with Warner Bros. Records and contributed a song to the \"Fantastic Four\" soundtrack.", "Louder Now __knowledge__ Soon afterwards, the group rented a room in Manhattan where they composed songs for \"Louder Now\".", "Louder Now __knowledge__ They came up with 20 songs, discarding half of them and recording demos of the remainder.", "Louder Now __knowledge__ The group began recording \"Louder Now\" with Eric Valentine in September 2005 at Barefoot Studios in Los Angeles, California.", "Louder Now __knowledge__ After Warner Bros. told them they did not need to rush, they recorded new demos.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album, \"Purpose\" (2015).", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ Written by Bieber, Julia Michaels, Justin Tranter, Sonny Moore, and Michael Tucker; the song was produced by Skrillex and BloodPop.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ It was released on October 23, 2015, as the second single from the album.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ A dancehall-pop and tropical house song, \"Sorry\" contains in its instrumentation \"brassy horn bleats\", warm island rhythms and a dembow riddim beat.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ Lyrically, \"Sorry\" is a plea for a chance to apologize to a lover, with Bieber asking forgiveness and a second chance to redeem himself.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ The song allegedly samples \"Ring The Bell\" by White Hinterland.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ Tracer (also known by her real name, Lena Oxton) is a player character appearing in the 2016 video game \"Overwatch\", a Blizzard Entertainment–developed first-person shooter, and its related animated and literary media.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ Tracer is from the \"Overwatch\" universe, but she was first introduced as a playable character in an April 2016 update for Blizzard's crossover multiplayer online battle arena game, \"Heroes of the Storm\", a month before \"Overwatch\"s official release.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ The character, who is of British origin, has been noted by video game outlets to be both peppy and energetic.", "Tracer (Overwatch) __knowledge__ In-game, Tracer is weak in terms of health but is highly mobile, making use of her teleportation and time traveling abilities.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ Howard \"Sandman\" Sims (January 24, 1917 – May 20, 2003) was an African-American tap dancer who began his career in vaudeville.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ He was skilled in a style of dancing that he performed in a wooden sandbox of his own construction, and acquired his nickname from the sand he sprinkled to alter and amplify the sound of his dance steps.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ \"They called the board my Stradivarius,\" Sims said of his sandbox.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ From the 1950s to the year 2000, Sims was a regular attraction — a \"fixture\" — at Harlem's noted Apollo Theater, comedically ushering failed acts offstage with a hook, broom or other prop.", "Howard Sims __knowledge__ He was also involved in New York City's Hoofers Club, a venue primarily for black tap dancers.", "Max Pollak __knowledge__ Max Pollak (born 1970) is percussive dancer and World Music expert.", "Max Pollak __knowledge__ He was born in Vienna, Austria and became known for his work in percussive dance, World Music, tap dance, and choreography.", "Max Pollak __knowledge__ He created \"RumbaTap\", which merged American Rhythm Tap with Afro-Cuban music and dance.", "Max Pollak __knowledge__ He is the only non-Cuban member of the Afro-Cuban Rumba and folklore ensemble Los Muñequitos de Matanzas.", "Max Pollak __knowledge__ Max was born in Vienna, Austria on 1 September 1970.", "Max Pollak __knowledge__ He has started tapping when, at the age of five, he watched Fred Astaire \"finesse his way across the screen of the family television set.\"", "Max Pollak __knowledge__ Tap lessons, however, were not available; in Austria, there was only classical ballet for a youth hungry to learn to dance.", "American Tap Dance Foundation __knowledge__ The American Tap Dance Foundation is a nonprofit organization whose primary goal is the presentation and teaching of tap dance.", "American Tap Dance Foundation __knowledge__ Its original stated purpose was to provide an \"international home for tap dance, perpetuate tap as a contemporary art form, preserve it through performance and an archival library, provide educational programming, and establish a formal school for tap dance.\"", "American Tap Dance Foundation __knowledge__ Originally called the American Tap Dance Orchestra (ATDO), the American Tap Dance Foundation was founded in 1986 by tap dancers Brenda Bufalino, Tony Waag, and Charles \"Honi\" Coles.", "American Tap Dance Foundation __knowledge__ Bufalino began working with Coles in 1973 when Bufalino produced the documentary, \"Great Feats of Feet: Portraits Of the Jazz Tap Dancer\" featuring Coles and \"The Copasetics\".", "Michelle Dorrance __knowledge__ Michelle Dorrance (born September 12, 1979) is a MacArthur \"Genius Grant\" winning American tap dancer, performer, choreographer, teacher and director.", "Michelle Dorrance __knowledge__ She is the Founder and Artistic Director of Dorrance Dance.", "Michelle Dorrance __knowledge__ Dorrance is known for her creative ensemble choreography, rhythm tap style and ambitious collaborative projects with fellow tap dance choreographers and musicians.", "Michelle Dorrance __knowledge__ She is currently a 2017 Choreographic Fellow at New York City Center and an Artist in Residence at the American Tap Dance Foundation.", "Michelle Dorrance __knowledge__ Dorrance lives in Brooklyn, New York.", "Michelle Dorrance __knowledge__ Dorrance was raised in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, by her mother, M’Liss Gary Dorrance, a former dancer with Eliot Feld’s American Ballet Company and National Ballet of Washington, D.C., and the founder and director of the Ballet School of Chapel Hill, and her father, Anson Dorrance, current coach of the UNC Women's Soccer team, who led the U.S. Women’s Soccer Team through the inaugural Women's World Cup in 1991.", "Chloe Arnold __knowledge__ Chloe Arnold is an American dancer, actress, choreographer, director, and producer.", "Chloe Arnold __knowledge__ She is best known internationally as a tap dancer and was recently seen on Season 11 of FOX's \"So You Think You Can Dance\" with her company, Chloe Arnold's Syncopated Ladies.", "Chloe Arnold __knowledge__ As Co-founder of the DC Tap Festival, Chloe Arnold began her professional career at age 10 in Savion Glover’s Washington, DC Crew performing at The Dance Place, The Kennedy Center in Savion Glover’s All Star Tap Revue (starring Gregory Hines, The Nicholas Brothers, and Jimmy Slyde), and in Frank Hatchet’s Broadway Showcase.", "Chloe Arnold __knowledge__ At 16, she was cast in Debbie Allen’s production of Brother’s of the Knight at The Kennedy Center.", "Tap Dance City __knowledge__ Tap Dance City (Japanese タップダンスシチー) is a retired American-bred Japanese-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and active sire.", "Tap Dance City __knowledge__ He showed promising form in his early racing career, winning the Asahi Challenge Cup in 2002.", "Tap Dance City __knowledge__ He reached his peak as a six-year-old in 2003 when he won the Kinko Sho and the Kyoto Daishoten before defeating a strong international field by a record margin in the Japan Cup.", "Tap Dance City __knowledge__ In the following year he won a second Kinko Sho and then took the Takarazuka Kinen.", "Tap Dance City __knowledge__ He won a third Kinko Sho as an eight-year-old in 2005.", "Tap Dance City __knowledge__ Tap Dance City is a bay horse bred in Kentucky by Echo Valley Horse Farm & Swettenham Stud." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Tap dance is a form of dance characterized by using the sounds of tap shoes striking the floor as a form of percussion.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Two major variations on tap dance exist: rhythm (jazz) tap and Broadway tap.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Broadway tap focuses on dance; it is widely performed in musical theater.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Rhythm tap focuses on musicality, and practitioners consider themselves to be a part of the jazz tradition.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ The sound is made by shoes that have a metal \"tap\" on the heel and toe.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ There are different brands of shoes which sometimes differ in the way they sound.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ \"Soft-shoe\" is a rhythm form of tap dancing that does not require special shoes, and though rhythm is generated by tapping of the feet, it also uses sliding of the feet (even sometimes using scattered sand on the stage to enhance the sound of sliding feet) more often than modern rhythm tap.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ It preceded what is currently considered to be modern tap, but has since declined in popularity.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Tap dance has its roots in the fusion of several ethnic percussive dances, including African tribal dances, English clog dancing and Irish jigs; the relative contribution of different traditions is a point of disagreement among historians and dance scholars. Tap dance is believed to have begun in the mid-1800s during the rise of minstrel shows.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.", "Rhythm section __knowledge__ A rhythm section (also called a backup band) is a group of musicians within a music ensemble or band who provide the underlying rhythm, harmony and pulse of the accompaniment, providing a rhythmic and harmonic reference and \"beat\" for the rest of the band.", "Rhythm section __knowledge__ Many of the rhythm section instruments, such as keyboard instruments and guitars, are used to play the chord progression upon which the song is based.", "Rhythm section __knowledge__ The bass instrument (either double bass or electric bass, or another low-register instrument, such as synth bass, depending on the group and its style of music) plays the low-pitched bassline that supports the chord progression, typically by emphasizing the roots of the chords (and to a lesser degree the fifths and thirds of the chords).", "British rhythm and blues __knowledge__ British rhythm and blues (or R&B) was a musical movement that developed in the United Kingdom between the late 1950s and the early 1960s, and reached a peak in the mid-1960s.", "British rhythm and blues __knowledge__ It overlapped with, but was distinct from, the broader British beat and more purist British blues scenes, attempting to emulate the music of African American blues and rock and roll pioneers, such as Muddy Waters and Howlin' Wolf, Chuck Berry and Bo Diddley.", "British rhythm and blues __knowledge__ It often placed greater emphasis on guitars and was often played with greater energy.", "British rhythm and blues __knowledge__ The origins of the movement were in the British jazz, skiffle and folk movements of the 1950s.", "Gypsy jazz __knowledge__ Gypsy jazz (also known as gypsy swing or hot club jazz) is a style of jazz music generally accepted to have been started by the gypsy guitarist Jean \"Django\" Reinhardt in and around Paris in the 1930s.", "Gypsy jazz __knowledge__ Because its origins are in France and Django was from the Manouche gypsy clan (although his frequent accompanists, and later solo performers/band leaders the Ferret brothers were not Manouches but Gitan gypsies) it is often called by the French name, \"jazz manouche\", or alternatively, \"manouche jazz\", even in English language sources.", "Gypsy jazz __knowledge__ The term is now commonly used for this style of music.", "Gypsy jazz __knowledge__ Django was foremost among a group of Romani guitarists working in and around Paris in the 1930s through the 1950s, a group which also included the brothers Baro, Sarane, and Matelo Ferret and Reinhardt's brother Joseph \"Nin-Nin\" Reinhardt.", "Rhythm guitar __knowledge__ In music performances, rhythm guitar is a technique and role that performs a combination of two functions: to provide all or part of the rhythmic pulse in conjunction with singers or other instruments; and to provide all or part of the harmony, i.e.", "Rhythm guitar __knowledge__ the chords, where a chord is a group of notes played together.", "Rhythm guitar __knowledge__ Therefore, the basic technique of rhythm guitar is to hold down a series of chords with the fretting hand while strumming rhythmically with the other hand.", "Rhythm guitar __knowledge__ More developed rhythm techniques include arpeggios, damping, riffs, chord solos, and complex strums.", "Rhythm guitar __knowledge__ In ensembles or \"bands\" playing within the acoustic, country, blues, rock or metal genres (among others), a guitarist playing the rhythm part of a composition plays the role of supporting the melodic lines and solos played on the lead instrument or instruments, be they string, wind, brass, keyboard or even percussion instruments, or simply the human voice, in the sense of playing steadily throughout the piece, whereas lead instruments and singers switch between carrying the main or counter melody and falling silent.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Handel __knowledge__ The Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Handel, Op.", "Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Handel __knowledge__ 24, is a work for solo piano written by Johannes Brahms in 1861.", "Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Handel __knowledge__ It consists of a set of twenty-five variations and a concluding fugue, all based on a theme from George Frideric Handel's Harpsichord Suite No.", "Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Handel __knowledge__ 1 in B major, HWV 434.", "Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Handel __knowledge__ The great music writer Donald Tovey has ranked it among \"the half-dozen greatest sets of variations ever written\".", "Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Handel __knowledge__ Biographer Jan Swafford describes the \"Handel Variations\" as \"perhaps the finest set of piano variations since Beethoven\", adding, \"Besides a masterful unfolding of ideas concluding with an exuberant fugue with a finish designed to bring down the house, the work is quintessentially Brahms in other ways: the filler of traditional forms with fresh energy and imagination; the historical eclectic able to start off with a gallant little tune of Handel's, Baroque ornaments and all, and integrate it seamlessly into his own voice, in a work of massive scope and dazzling variety.\"", "Chloe Arnold __knowledge__ Chloe Arnold is an American dancer, actress, choreographer, director, and producer.", "Chloe Arnold __knowledge__ She is best known internationally as a tap dancer and was recently seen on Season 11 of FOX's \"So You Think You Can Dance\" with her company, Chloe Arnold's Syncopated Ladies.", "Chloe Arnold __knowledge__ As Co-founder of the DC Tap Festival, Chloe Arnold began her professional career at age 10 in Savion Glover’s Washington, DC Crew performing at The Dance Place, The Kennedy Center in Savion Glover’s All Star Tap Revue (starring Gregory Hines, The Nicholas Brothers, and Jimmy Slyde), and in Frank Hatchet’s Broadway Showcase.", "Chloe Arnold __knowledge__ At 16, she was cast in Debbie Allen’s production of Brother’s of the Knight at The Kennedy Center.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar (also known as electric bass, or bass) is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four to six strings or courses.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which corresponds to pitches one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar (E, A, D, and G).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds.", "This Is Spinal Tap __knowledge__ This Is Spinal Tap (stylized as This Is Spın̈al Tap) is a 1984 American rock music mockumentary comedy film directed, co-written, scored by, and starring Rob Reiner, and co-starring Christopher Guest, Michael McKean, and Harry Shearer.", "This Is Spinal Tap __knowledge__ The film portrays the fictional British heavy metal band Spinal Tap.", "This Is Spinal Tap __knowledge__ The film satirizes the wild personal behavior and musical pretensions of hard rock and heavy metal bands, as well as the hagiographic tendencies of rock documentaries of the time.", "This Is Spinal Tap __knowledge__ The three main members of Spinal Tap—David St. Hubbins, Derek Smalls and Nigel Tufnel—are played by actors McKean, Shearer, and Guest, respectively." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Tap dance is a form of dance characterized by using the sounds of tap shoes striking the floor as a form of percussion.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Two major variations on tap dance exist: rhythm (jazz) tap and Broadway tap.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Broadway tap focuses on dance; it is widely performed in musical theater.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Rhythm tap focuses on musicality, and practitioners consider themselves to be a part of the jazz tradition.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ The sound is made by shoes that have a metal \"tap\" on the heel and toe.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ There are different brands of shoes which sometimes differ in the way they sound.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ \"Soft-shoe\" is a rhythm form of tap dancing that does not require special shoes, and though rhythm is generated by tapping of the feet, it also uses sliding of the feet (even sometimes using scattered sand on the stage to enhance the sound of sliding feet) more often than modern rhythm tap.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ It preceded what is currently considered to be modern tap, but has since declined in popularity.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Tap dance has its roots in the fusion of several ethnic percussive dances, including African tribal dances, English clog dancing and Irish jigs; the relative contribution of different traditions is a point of disagreement among historians and dance scholars. Tap dance is believed to have begun in the mid-1800s during the rise of minstrel shows.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ New Orleans (, or ; ) is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The population of the city was 343,829 as of the 2010 U.S. Census.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The New Orleans metropolitan area (New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner Metropolitan Statistical Area) had a population of 1,167,764 in 2010 and was the 46th largest in the United States.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The New Orleans–Metairie–Bogalusa Combined Statistical Area, a larger trading area, had a 2010 population of 1,452,502.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ Before Hurricane Katrina, Orleans Parish was the most populous parish in Louisiana.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ As of 2015, it ranked third, trailing neighboring Jefferson Parish and East Baton Rouge Parish.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ Louisiana is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ It is the 31st in size and the 25th most populous of the 50 United States.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ Louisiana's capital is Baton Rouge and its largest city is New Orleans.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ It is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes, which are the local government's equivalent to counties.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ The largest parish by population is East Baton Rouge Parish, and the largest by total area is Plaquemines.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ Louisiana is bordered by Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas to the west, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ Much of the state's lands were formed from sediment washed down the Mississippi River, leaving enormous deltas and vast areas of coastal marsh and swamp.", "History of New Orleans __knowledge__ The history of New Orleans, Louisiana, traces the city's development from its founding by the French, through its period under Spanish control, then briefly back to French rule before being acquired by the United States in the Louisiana Purchase.", "History of New Orleans __knowledge__ In the 19th century, it was the largest port in the South, exporting most of the nation's cotton output and other products to Western Europe and New England.", "History of New Orleans __knowledge__ It was the largest and most important city in the South; thus it was an early target for capture by the Union during the Civil War.", "History of New Orleans __knowledge__ With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life during Hurricane Katrina and flooding from the levee break after the hurricane in 2005.", "Eastern New Orleans __knowledge__ The eastern section of New Orleans, commonly known as \"New Orleans East\", is a large section of the city of New Orleans, Louisiana.", "Eastern New Orleans __knowledge__ Developed extensively from the 1960s forward, its numerous residential subdivisions and strip malls offered suburban-style living within the city limits.", "Eastern New Orleans __knowledge__ Today, despite its location within the New Orleans city limits, its character remains suburban, resembling the typically sprawling American suburbia much more than the more compactly built environment found in the city's historic core.", "Eastern New Orleans __knowledge__ Starting in the mid-1980s, New Orleans East increasingly suffered from disinvestment and urban decay.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Hurricane Katrina was an extremely destructive and deadly tropical cyclone that was one of the costliest natural disasters and one of the five deadliest hurricanes in the history of the United States.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ As Katrina made landfall, its front right quadrant, which held the strongest winds, slammed into Gulfport, Mississippi, devastating it.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ The storm originated over the Bahamas on August 23 from the interaction between a tropical wave and the remnants of Tropical Depression Ten.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Early the following day, the new depression intensified into Tropical Storm Katrina.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ The cyclone headed generally westward toward Florida and strengthened into a hurricane only two hours before making landfall at Hallandale Beach and Aventura on August 25.", "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans __knowledge__ As the center of Hurricane Katrina passed southeast of New Orleans on August 29, 2005, winds downtown were in the Category 1 range with frequent intense gusts and tidal surge.", "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans __knowledge__ Hurricane-force winds were experienced throughout the city, although the most severe portion of Katrina missed the city, hitting nearby St. Bernard and Plaquemines parishes.", "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans __knowledge__ Hurricane Katrina made its final landfall in eastern St. Tammany Parish.", "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans __knowledge__ The western eye wall passed directly over St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana as a Category 3 hurricane at about 9:45 am CST, August 29, 2005.", "Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans __knowledge__ The communities of Slidell, Avery Estates, Lakeshore Estates, Oak Harbor, Eden Isles and Northshore Beach were inundated by the storm surge that extended over six miles inland.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Criticism of the government response to Hurricane Katrina consisted primarily of condemnations of mismanagement and lack of preparation in the relief effort in response to Hurricane Katrina and its aftermath.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Specifically, there was a delayed response to the flooding of New Orleans, Louisiana.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ (See Hurricane preparedness for New Orleans for criticism of the failure of Federal flood protection.)", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Within days of Katrina's August 29, 2005 landfall, public debate arose about the local, state and federal governments' role in the preparations for and response to the storm.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Criticism was prompted largely by televised images of visibly shaken and frustrated political leaders, and of residents who remained in New Orleans without water, food or shelter and the deaths of several citizens by thirst, exhaustion, and violence, days after the storm itself had passed.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.", "Funk __knowledge__ Funk is a music genre that originated in the mid-1960s when African American musicians created a rhythmic, danceable new form of music through a mixture of soul music, jazz, and rhythm and blues (R&B).", "Funk __knowledge__ Funk de-emphasizes melody and chord progressions used in other related genres and brings a strong rhythmic groove of a bass line played by an electric bassist and a drum part played by a drummer to the foreground.", "Funk __knowledge__ Like much of African-inspired music, funk typically consists of a complex groove with rhythm instruments playing interlocking grooves.", "Funk __knowledge__ Funk uses the same richly colored extended chords found in bebop jazz, such as minor chords with added sevenths and elevenths, or dominant seventh chords with altered ninths.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "Music of New Orleans __knowledge__ The music of New Orleans assumes various styles of music which have often borrowed from earlier traditions.", "Music of New Orleans __knowledge__ New Orleans, Louisiana, is especially known for its strong association with jazz music, universally considered to be the birthplace of the genre.", "Music of New Orleans __knowledge__ The earliest form was dixieland, which has sometimes been called traditional jazz, 'New Orleans', and 'New Orleans jazz'.", "Music of New Orleans __knowledge__ However, the tradition of jazz in New Orleans has taken on various forms that have either branched out from original dixieland or taken entirely different paths altogether.", "Music of New Orleans __knowledge__ New Orleans has also been a prominent center of funk, home to some of the earliest funk bands such as The Meters.", "Jazz (word) __knowledge__ The origin of the word jazz is one of the most sought-after word origins in modern American English.", "Jazz (word) __knowledge__ The word's intrinsic interest – the American Dialect Society named it the Word of the Twentieth Century – has resulted in considerable research and its history is well documented.", "Jazz (word) __knowledge__ As discussed in more detail below, \"jazz\" began as a West Coast slang term around 1912, the meaning of which varied but it did not initially refer to music.", "Jazz (word) __knowledge__ \"Jazz\" came to mean jazz music in Chicago around 1915.", "Jazz (word) __knowledge__ As with many words that began in slang, there is no definitive etymology for \"jazz\".", "Jazz (word) __knowledge__ However, the similarity in meaning of the earliest \"jazz\" citations to \"jasm\", a now-obsolete slang term meaning spirit, energy, vigor and dated to 1860 in the \"Historical Dictionary of American Slang\", suggests that \"jasm\" should be considered the leading candidate for the source of \"jazz\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Tap dance is a form of dance characterized by using the sounds of tap shoes striking the floor as a form of percussion.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Two major variations on tap dance exist: rhythm (jazz) tap and Broadway tap.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Broadway tap focuses on dance; it is widely performed in musical theater.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Rhythm tap focuses on musicality, and practitioners consider themselves to be a part of the jazz tradition.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ The sound is made by shoes that have a metal \"tap\" on the heel and toe.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ There are different brands of shoes which sometimes differ in the way they sound.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ \"Soft-shoe\" is a rhythm form of tap dancing that does not require special shoes, and though rhythm is generated by tapping of the feet, it also uses sliding of the feet (even sometimes using scattered sand on the stage to enhance the sound of sliding feet) more often than modern rhythm tap.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ It preceded what is currently considered to be modern tap, but has since declined in popularity.", "Tap dance __knowledge__ Tap dance has its roots in the fusion of several ethnic percussive dances, including African tribal dances, English clog dancing and Irish jigs; the relative contribution of different traditions is a point of disagreement among historians and dance scholars. Tap dance is believed to have begun in the mid-1800s during the rise of minstrel shows.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ I Never Knew You is the second extended play by American rapper Cage.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ Released by Adult Swim and Definitive Jux, the EP was released to promote Cage's album \"Depart from Me\" and the first music video from that album, \"I Never Knew You\", and contained four exclusive tracks.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ The title track, \"I Never Knew You\", appeared on the album \"Depart from Me\".", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ \"I Never Knew You\" was initially released as a free digital download, but has since been released through digital stores.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ The EP was released in conjunction with the release of a music video for \"I Never Knew You\" directed by Shia LaBeouf.", "I Never Knew You __knowledge__ The video features actor Dan Byrd following a woman played by Scarlett Kapella.", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) is the twenty fourth studio album by American country music artist, Connie Smith.", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ The album was released in August 1974 on Columbia Records and was produced by Ray Baker.", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ The title track became the album's lead single.", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ \"I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before)\" contained eleven tracks (as did her past three albums for the Columbia label), including cover versions of Harlan Howard's \"The Key's in the Mailbox\" and Tom T. Hall's \"Never Having You.\"", "I Never Knew (What That Song Meant Before) __knowledge__ The album was recorded at the Columbia Recording Studio in Nashville, Tennessee in 1974 and was her second and final album that was released that year.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of electoral wards in England by constituency __knowledge__ This article is a list of electoral wards in each constituency in England.", "List of electoral wards in England by constituency __knowledge__ For those in Wales, see List of electoral wards in Wales.", "List of electoral wards in England by constituency __knowledge__ Barking: Abbey, Alibon, Becontree, Eastbury, Gascoigne, Goresbrook, Longbridge, Mayesbrook, Parsloes, Thames, Valence.", "List of electoral wards in England by constituency __knowledge__ Dagenham and Rainham: Chadwell Heath, Eastbrook, Elm Park, Heath, Rainham and Wennington, River, South Hornchurch, Village, Whalebone.", "List of electoral wards in England by constituency __knowledge__ Hornchurch and Upminster: Cranham, Emerson Park, Gooshays, Hacton, Harold Wood, Heaton, St Andrew’s, Upminster.", "List of electoral wards in England by constituency __knowledge__ Romford: Brooklands, Havering Park, Hylands, Mawneys, Pettits, Romford Town, Squirrel’s Heath.", "List of electoral wards in England by constituency __knowledge__ Chipping Barnet: Brunswick Park, Coppetts, East Barnet, High Barnet, Oakleigh, Totteridge, Underhill.", "South East England __knowledge__ South East England is the most populous of the nine official regions of England at the first level of NUTS for statistical purposes.", "South East England __knowledge__ It consists of Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, East Sussex, Hampshire, the Isle of Wight, Kent, Oxfordshire, Surrey and West Sussex.", "South East England __knowledge__ As with the other regions of England, apart from Greater London, the south east has no elected government.", "South East England __knowledge__ It is the third largest region of England, with an area of 19,096 km (7,373 sq mi), and is also the most populous with a total population of over eight and a half million (2011).", "South East England __knowledge__ The headquarters for the region's governmental bodies are in Guildford, and the region contains seven cities: Brighton and Hove, Canterbury, Chichester, Oxford, Portsmouth, Southampton and Winchester, though other major settlements include Reading and Milton Keynes.", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ Dana Mase is an American pop singer and songwriter.", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ She has released five albums so far: \"Diary\" (1994), \"Sitting with an Angel\" (1995), \"Through the Concrete & the Rocks\" (1998), \"Thread of Blue\" (2004) and \"The Colors of Black and White\" (2007).", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ She is mostly known for the title track from the album \"Sitting with an Angel\", which was featured in the television show, \"Dawson's Creek\".", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ She has worked with producers Steve Addabbo in \"Through the Concrete and Rocks\" and Neil Dorfsman in \"Thread of Blue\".", "Dana Mase __knowledge__ Dana's single “She Never Knew She Never Knew” (music video: ) exposes institutional retardation.", "If I Never Knew You __knowledge__ \"If I Never Knew You\" is a song by American recording artists Jon Secada and Shanice, from Disney's 1995 animated feature film, \"Pocahontas\".", "If I Never Knew You __knowledge__ The song was written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Stephen Schwartz, and originally recorded by American singer Judy Kuhn in her film role as the singing voice of Pocahontas, and American actor Mel Gibson in his role as Captain John Smith.", "If I Never Knew You __knowledge__ Shanice and Secada's version is heard during film's end credits, and was released on September 12, 1995 as the second single from the film's soundtrack, after Vanessa Williams' pop and R&B rendition of the Academy Award-winning \"Colors of the Wind\".", "New Orleans __knowledge__ New Orleans (, or ; ) is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The population of the city was 343,829 as of the 2010 U.S. Census.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The New Orleans metropolitan area (New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner Metropolitan Statistical Area) had a population of 1,167,764 in 2010 and was the 46th largest in the United States.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The New Orleans–Metairie–Bogalusa Combined Statistical Area, a larger trading area, had a 2010 population of 1,452,502.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ Before Hurricane Katrina, Orleans Parish was the most populous parish in Louisiana.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ As of 2015, it ranked third, trailing neighboring Jefferson Parish and East Baton Rouge Parish.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ Louisiana is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ It is the 31st in size and the 25th most populous of the 50 United States.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ Louisiana's capital is Baton Rouge and its largest city is New Orleans.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ It is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes, which are the local government's equivalent to counties.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ The largest parish by population is East Baton Rouge Parish, and the largest by total area is Plaquemines.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ Louisiana is bordered by Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas to the west, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south.", "Louisiana __knowledge__ Much of the state's lands were formed from sediment washed down the Mississippi River, leaving enormous deltas and vast areas of coastal marsh and swamp.", "History of Louisiana __knowledge__ The history of the territory that is now Louisiana began roughly 10,000 years ago.", "History of Louisiana __knowledge__ The first traces of permanent settlement, ushering in the Archaic period, appear about 5,500 years ago (Mound Builders).", "History of Louisiana __knowledge__ The area formed part of the Eastern Agricultural Complex.", "History of Louisiana __knowledge__ The Marksville culture emerged about 2,000 years ago out of the earlier Tchefuncte culture.", "History of Louisiana __knowledge__ It is considered ancestral to the Natchez and Taensa peoples.", "History of Louisiana __knowledge__ About 1,000 years ago, the Mississippian culture emerged from the Woodland period.", "History of Louisiana __knowledge__ The emergence of the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex coincides with the adoption of maize agriculture and chiefdom-level complex social organization beginning in c. 1200 CE.", "History of New Orleans __knowledge__ The history of New Orleans, Louisiana, traces the city's development from its founding by the French, through its period under Spanish control, then briefly back to French rule before being acquired by the United States in the Louisiana Purchase.", "History of New Orleans __knowledge__ In the 19th century, it was the largest port in the South, exporting most of the nation's cotton output and other products to Western Europe and New England.", "History of New Orleans __knowledge__ It was the largest and most important city in the South; thus it was an early target for capture by the Union during the Civil War.", "History of New Orleans __knowledge__ With its rich and unique cultural and architectural heritage, it remains a major destination for tourism, conventions, and major sports events, even after the major destruction and loss of life during Hurricane Katrina and flooding from the levee break after the hurricane in 2005.", "Culture of New Orleans __knowledge__ The people and culture of New Orleans have made New Orleans, Louisiana, unique among and distinct from other cities in the United States, including other Southern U.S. cities.", "Culture of New Orleans __knowledge__ New Orleans in modern times has been described as being not a Southern city but a Caribbean city.", "Culture of New Orleans __knowledge__ In a locale once used by Choctaw, Houmas, and other Indians, prominent cultural influences date to the French and Spanish colonial periods and the introduction of African slaves in the 18th century.", "Culture of New Orleans __knowledge__ American English, with significant variations, is the dominant language in New Orleans.", "Culture of New Orleans __knowledge__ Despite the city's French colonial history, French is rarely used in daily life.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Hurricane Katrina was an extremely destructive and deadly tropical cyclone that was one of the costliest natural disasters and one of the five deadliest hurricanes in the history of the United States.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ As Katrina made landfall, its front right quadrant, which held the strongest winds, slammed into Gulfport, Mississippi, devastating it.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ The storm originated over the Bahamas on August 23 from the interaction between a tropical wave and the remnants of Tropical Depression Ten.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Early the following day, the new depression intensified into Tropical Storm Katrina.", "Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ The cyclone headed generally westward toward Florida and strengthened into a hurricane only two hours before making landfall at Hallandale Beach and Aventura on August 25.", "Margaret Haughery __knowledge__ Margaret Haughery (1813–1882) was a philanthropist known as \"the mother of the orphans\".", "Margaret Haughery __knowledge__ She opened up four orphanages in the New Orleans area in the 19th century.", "Margaret Haughery __knowledge__ Many years later in the 20th and 21st centuries several of the asylums Margaret founded as places of shelter for orphans and widows evolved into homes for the elderly.", "Margaret Haughery __knowledge__ Margaret Gaffney Haughery (pronounced as HAW -a- ree) was a beloved historical figure in New Orleans, Louisiana the 1880s.", "Margaret Haughery __knowledge__ Widely known as \"Our Margaret,\" “The Bread Woman of New Orleans\" and \"Mother of Orphans,\" Margaret devoted her life's work to the care and feeding of the poor and hungry, and to fund and build orphanages throughout the city." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 10, 10, 47 ]

[ "Tap dance is a form of dance characterized by using the sounds of tap shoes, how long have you been doing it?", "So I'm sure you know there are two variations of tap, Rhythm and Jazz. No I'm not very graceful haha. ", "Jazz is a music genre that originated in New Orleans.", "New Orleans is a major port in the United States and the largest city in Louisiana!", "Yup, The population of the city was 343,829 as of 2010." ]

[ "Tap dance", "Tap dance", "Tap dance", "Tap dance", "Tap dance" ]

[ "Ice cream\nice cream is so delicious i love it.", "I usually only eat it as a snack", "I like chocolate chip cookie dough.", "yea i know but might as well with ice cream." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The meaning of the phrase \"ice cream\" varies from one country to another.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Phrases such as \"frozen custard\", \"frozen yogurt\", \"sorbet\", \"gelato\" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, the phrase \"ice cream\" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled \"frozen dairy dessert\" instead.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ This article is about the ice cream varieties around the world.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ While industrial ice cream exists in Argentina and can be found in supermarkets, restaurants or kiosks, and ice cream pops are sold on some streets and at the beaches, the most traditional Argentine \"helado\" (ice cream) is very similar to Italian gelato, rather than US-style ice cream, and it has become one of the most popular desserts in the country.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Among the most famous manufacturers are \"Freddo,\" \"Persicco,\" \"Chungo\", \"Cremolatti\" and \"Munchi's,\" all of them located in Buenos Aires.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Each city has its own \"heladerías\" (ice cream parlours) which offer different varieties of creamy and water-based ice creams, including both standard and regional flavours.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ An ice cream van (British) or ice cream truck (American) is a commercial vehicle that serves as a mobile retail outlet for ice cream, usually during the summer.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans are often seen parked at public events, or near parks, beaches, or other areas where people congregate.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans often travel near where children play — outside schools, in residential areas, or in other locations.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ They usually stop briefly before moving on to the next street.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans are often brightly decorated and carry images of ice cream, or some other adornment, such as cartoon characters.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ They may have painted-on notices, which can serve a commercial purpose (\"\"Stop me and buy one!\"\")", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ An ice cream float or soda (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, South Africa and East Asia), coke float (United Kingdom), root beer float (United States, Canada) or spider (Australia and New Zealand), is a chilled beverage that consists of ice cream in either a soft drink or in a mixture of flavored syrup and carbonated water.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The ice cream float was invented by Robert McCay Green in Philadelphia, PA, in 1874 during the Franklin Institute's semicentennial celebration.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The traditional story is that, on a particularly hot day, Mr. Green ran out of cold ice for the flavored drinks he was selling and used vanilla ice cream from a neighboring vendor, thus inventing a new drink.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Bacon ice cream (or bacon-and-egg ice cream) is an ice cream generally created by adding bacon to egg custard and freezing the mixture.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ The concept of bacon ice cream originated in a 1973 sketch on the British comedy series \"The Two Ronnies\" as a joke; however, it was eventually created for April Fools' Day.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Heston Blumenthal experimented with the creation of ice cream, making a custard similar to scrambled eggs then adding bacon to create one of his signature dishes.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ It now appears on dessert menus in other restaurants.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream is generally expected to be a sweet food, eaten as a dessert, even though there is evidence of savoury ice creams eaten in Victorian times.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ Vanilla is frequently used to flavor ice cream, especially in North America and Europe.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ Vanilla ice cream, like other flavors of ice cream, was originally created by cooling a mixture made of cream, sugar, and vanilla above a container of ice and salt.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ The type of vanilla used to flavor ice cream varies by location.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ In North America, consumers are interested in a more prominent, smoky flavor, while in France, they want a more anise-like flavor.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ To create the smooth consistency of ice cream, the mixture has to be stirred occasionally and then returned to the container of ice and salt to continue the solidification process." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The meaning of the phrase \"ice cream\" varies from one country to another.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Phrases such as \"frozen custard\", \"frozen yogurt\", \"sorbet\", \"gelato\" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, the phrase \"ice cream\" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled \"frozen dairy dessert\" instead.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Pork rind __knowledge__ Pork rind is the culinary term for the skin of a pig.", "Pork rind __knowledge__ It can also be fried or roasted in pork fat (lard) as a snack.", "Pork rind __knowledge__ The frying renders much of the fat that is attached to the uncooked rind, causing the size of the cooked product to be reduced considerably.", "Pork rind __knowledge__ This product may be known by alternative names, such as \"chicharrón\" in Spanish, \"kaiings\" in South Africa, and pork scratchings or pork cracklings in the UK, although \"crackling\" may instead refer to the rind on a roasted pork joint.", "Pork rind __knowledge__ Often a by-product of the rendering of lard, it is also a way of making even the tough skin of a pig edible.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Frito-Lay, Inc. is an American subsidiary of PepsiCo that manufactures, markets, and sells corn chips, potato chips, and other snack foods.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ The primary snack food brands produced under the Frito-Lay name include Fritos corn chips, Cheetos cheese-flavored snacks; Doritos and Tostitos tortilla chips; Lay's and Ruffles potato chips; Rold Gold pretzels; and Walkers potato crisps (in the UK and Ireland).", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Each brand has generated annual worldwide sales over $1 billion in 2009.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Frito-Lay began in the early 1930s as two separate companies, The Frito Company and H.W.", "Frito-Lay __knowledge__ Lay & Company, which merged in 1961 to form Frito-Lay, Inc. Four years later in 1965, Frito-Lay, Inc. merged with the Pepsi-Cola Company, resulting in the formation of PepsiCo.", "Lunch __knowledge__ Lunch, the abbreviation for luncheon, is a meal typically eaten at midday.", "Lunch __knowledge__ The origin of the words \"lunch\" and \"luncheon\" relate to a small snack originally eaten at any time of the day or night.", "Lunch __knowledge__ During the 20th century, the meaning gradually narrowed to a small or mid-sized meal eaten at midday.", "Lunch __knowledge__ Lunch is commonly the second meal of the day, after breakfast.", "Lunch __knowledge__ The meal varies in size depending on the culture, and significant variations exist in different areas of the world.", "Lunch __knowledge__ The abbreviation \"lunch\" is taken from the more formal Northern English word \"luncheon\", which is derived from the Anglo-Saxon word \"nuncheon\" or \"nunchin\" meaning 'noon drink'.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ A great variety of cassava-based dishes are consumed in the regions where cassava (manioc, \"Manihot esculenta\") is cultivated, and they include many national or ethnic specialities.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ As a food ingredient, cassava root is somewhat similar to the potato, in that, like the potato, it is starchy, inedible when raw, and bland in flavor when cooked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Indeed, cassava can replace the potato in many dishes and can be prepared in similar ways – it can be boiled, mashed, fried or baked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Unlike the potato, however, cassava is mostly a tropical crop, and its peculiar characteristics have led to some unique recipes, such as sweet puddings, which have no common potato version.", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style.", "Stella (album) __knowledge__ As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ Oh Yeah is a music centre located in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in the Cathedral Quarter.", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ It was founded primarily to support young talented musicians and bands from Northern Ireland and its huge and growing music scene by providing help and promotion, technical equipment for rehearsing, recording, gigs and event organisation, performing space and releases of band compilations (\"Oh Yeah Sessions\").", "Oh Yeah (music centre) __knowledge__ The Oh Yeah music centre's genres are varying in its manifoldness of Alternative rock, Indie rock, Electronica, Post rock, Post punk, Crossover, Experimental rock and further musical stylistic ways and conceptions.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ \"Sexy\" is the fifteenth episode of the second season of the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\", and the thirty-seventh episode overall.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ It was written by Brad Falchuk, directed by Ryan Murphy, and first aired on the Fox network on March 8, 2011.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ The episode mainly revolves around the topics of sex and adolescent sexuality.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ In it, Holly Holliday (Gwyneth Paltrow) returns to McKinley High School as a substitute teacher in a class devoted to sex education.", "Sexy (Glee) __knowledge__ Glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) begins to develop feelings for Holly, and guidance counselor and celibacy club advisor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays) is less than pleased with Holly's lessons.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Oh Yeah!", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Cartoons is an American animation showcase that appeared on the Nickelodeon cable network, who which was created and guided by Fred Seibert, former Creative Director of MTV Networks and President of Hanna-Barbera.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Produced by Nickelodeon Animation Studio and Frederator Incorporated, it ran as part of Nickelodeon's Nicktoons lineup, and, in its second season, was hosted by Kenan Thompson of \"All That\" and \"Kenan & Kel\" fame; followed later by Josh Server, also from \"All That\", for its third season.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Bill Burnett composed the show's theme music.", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ In terms of sheer volume, \"Oh Yeah!", "Oh Yeah! Cartoons __knowledge__ Cartoons\" remains TV's biggest animation development program ever." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The meaning of the phrase \"ice cream\" varies from one country to another.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Phrases such as \"frozen custard\", \"frozen yogurt\", \"sorbet\", \"gelato\" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, the phrase \"ice cream\" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled \"frozen dairy dessert\" instead.", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ A chocolate chip cookie is a drop cookie that originated in the United States and features chocolate chips (small morsels of sweetened chocolate) as its distinguishing ingredient.", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ Circa 1938, Ruth Graves Wakefield added chopped up bits from a Nestlé semi-sweet chocolate bar into a cookie.", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ The traditional recipe combines a dough composed of butter and both brown and white sugar, semi-sweet chocolate chips and vanilla.", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ Variations include recipes with other types of chocolate as well as additional ingredients such as nuts or oatmeal.", "Chocolate chip cookie __knowledge__ There are also vegan versions with ingredient substitutions such as vegan chocolate chips, vegan margarine, and so forth.", "Cookie dough __knowledge__ Cookie dough refers to a blend of cookie ingredients which has been mixed into a malleable form which has not yet been hardened by heat.", "Cookie dough __knowledge__ The dough is often then separated and the portions baked to individual cookies, or eaten as is.", "Cookie dough __knowledge__ Cookie dough can be homemade or bought pre-made in packs (frozen logs, buckets, etc.).", "Cookie dough __knowledge__ Desserts containing cookie dough, such as ice cream, candy, and milkshakes are also frequently marketed.", "Cookie dough __knowledge__ Pre-made cookie doughs may be sold in different flavors.", "Cookie dough __knowledge__ When being made at home, the recipe can consist of common ingredients, including flour, butter, white sugar, salt, vanilla extract, and eggs.", "Chocolate chip cookie dough ice cream __knowledge__ Chocolate chip cookie dough ice cream is an ice cream flavor in which unbaked chunks of chocolate chip cookie dough are embedded in vanilla flavored ice cream.", "Chocolate chip cookie dough ice cream __knowledge__ It originated at the Ben & Jerry's Burlington Scoop Shop from an anonymous suggestion on their flavor suggestion board.", "Chocolate chip cookie dough ice cream __knowledge__ Because this outlet made most of its own flavors, the combination was only available there for several years.", "Chocolate chip cookie dough ice cream __knowledge__ Ben and Jerry's \"primal ice cream therapist\" Peter Lind collaborated with Rhino Foods' Ted Castle to produce a variety of cookie dough that retained dough-like consistency at ice cream temperatures.", "Chocolate chip cookie dough ice cream __knowledge__ Rhino was able to gear up production of the dough in 1990, and in 1991, Ben and Jerry's introduced it to the larger public in pint-sized containers.", "Hampton Creek __knowledge__ JUST is an American food company headquartered in San Francisco that sells plant-based foods.", "Hampton Creek __knowledge__ It was founded in December 2011 by Josh Balk and CEO Joshua Tetrick.", "Hampton Creek __knowledge__ With around 130 employees, the company makes mayos, dressings, cookies, cookie dough, breakfast proteins and cultured meat.", "Hampton Creek __knowledge__ JUST (formerly Hampton Creek) was founded in the summer of 2011 by Josh Balk and Joshua Tetrick.", "Hampton Creek __knowledge__ Balk at the time was the senior director of food policy for The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) farm animal division, and prior to that had been known for his work at Compassion Over Killing (COK).", "Hampton Creek __knowledge__ Tetrick was an American entrepreneur who had worked on social campaigns as a Fulbright Scholar.", "Market cannibalism __knowledge__ Market cannibalization, market cannibalism, or corporate cannibalism is the practice of slashing the price of a product or introducing a new product into a market of established product categories.", "Market cannibalism __knowledge__ If a company is practising market cannibalization, it is seen to be eating its own market and in so doing, hoping to get a bigger share of it.", "Market cannibalism __knowledge__ Concretely, it refers to the principle of a newly introduced product B eating up the market shares of an already established product A, both usually coming from the same company.", "Market cannibalism __knowledge__ In this case, both products belong to the same category of products.", "Market cannibalism __knowledge__ This occurrence can have either a positive or negative impact on the company’s bottom line, can be accidental or deliberate, in which case it is commonly called cannibalisation strategy.", "Wally Amos __knowledge__ Wallace \"Wally\" Amos, Jr. (born July 1, 1936) is an American TV personality, entrepreneur and author from Tallahassee, Florida.", "Wally Amos __knowledge__ He is the founder of the \"Famous Amos\" chocolate-chip cookie brand.", "Wally Amos __knowledge__ He also was the host of the adult reading program, \"Learn to Read\".", "Wally Amos __knowledge__ He resides in Kailua, Hawaii where he runs The Cookie Kahuna gourmet cookie brand.", "Wally Amos __knowledge__ Amos lived in Tallahassee, Florida, until he was twelve.", "Wally Amos __knowledge__ When his parents divorced, he moved to Manhattan, New York with his aunt, where he enrolled at the Food Trades Vocational High School.", "Wally Amos __knowledge__ He showed his interest in cooking at a young age, and it was from his aunt, who would bake cookies for him, that Amos would develop his chocolate chip cookie recipe.", "President's Choice __knowledge__ President's Choice (French: Le choix du Président) also known as “PC”, is a private label or store brand owned by Loblaw Companies Limited.", "President's Choice __knowledge__ President’s Choice includes a wide variety of grocery and household products, in addition to financial services and mobile phones.", "President's Choice __knowledge__ President’s Choice products are available across the company’s various retail banners, which include Loblaws, Loblaw Great Food, Dominion, No Frills, Real Canadian Superstore, Maxi, Provigo, Extra Foods, Your Independent Grocer, Atlantic Superstore, Zehrs Markets, Valu-mart, Fortinos, and Shoppers Drug Mart.", "President's Choice __knowledge__ Many storefronts promote themselves as \"The Home of President’s Choice\".", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the Nickelodeon sitcom Victorious.", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ The series centers on Tori Vega, a student of Hollywood Arts High School, who gets into wacky screwball situations on a daily basis.", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ Tori Vega (Victoria Justice) is the younger sister of Trina Vega and attends Hollywood Arts, a performing arts high school, along with her sister.", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ When Trina experiences an allergic reaction to a Chinese herb before a big showcase at school, Tori is volunteered by Andre to take her place since she knew the piece meant to be played.", "List of Victorious characters __knowledge__ Tori performs \"Make it Shine\" (the \"Victorious\" theme song) and everyone is impressed with her performance, including the principal, who offers her enrollment to the school.", "Gatorade __knowledge__ The Gatorade Company, Inc. is an American manufacturer of sports-themed beverage and food products, built around its signature line of sports drinks.", "Gatorade __knowledge__ Gatorade is currently manufactured by PepsiCo and is distributed in over 80 countries.", "Gatorade __knowledge__ The beverage was first developed in 1965 by a team of researchers led by Dr. Robert Cade at the University of Florida to replenish the carbohydrates that the school's student-athletes burned and the combination of water and electrolytes that they lost in sweat during rigorous sport activities.", "Gatorade __knowledge__ Originally produced and marketed by Stokely-Van Camp, the Gatorade brand was purchased by the Quaker Oats Company in 1987, which, in turn, was bought by PepsiCo in 2000.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Cheese is a food derived from milk that is produced in a wide range of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein.", "Cheese __knowledge__ It comprises proteins and fat from milk, usually the milk of cows, buffalo, goats, or sheep.", "Cheese __knowledge__ During production, the milk is usually acidified, and adding the enzyme rennet causes coagulation.", "Cheese __knowledge__ The solids are separated and pressed into final form.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Some cheeses have molds on the rind, the outer layer, or throughout.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Most cheeses melt at cooking temperature.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Hundreds of types of cheese from various countries are produced.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Their styles, textures and flavors depend on the origin of the milk (including the animal's diet), whether they have been pasteurized, the butterfat content, the bacteria and mold, the processing, and aging.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream (derived from earlier iced cream or cream ice) is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is usually made from dairy products, such as milk and cream, and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It is typically sweetened with sugar or sugar substitutes.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Typically, flavourings and colourings are added in addition to stabilizers.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The mixture is stirred to incorporate air spaces and cooled below the freezing point of water to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (< ).", "Ice cream __knowledge__ It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ The meaning of the phrase \"ice cream\" varies from one country to another.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Phrases such as \"frozen custard\", \"frozen yogurt\", \"sorbet\", \"gelato\" and others are used to distinguish different varieties and styles.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ In some countries, such as the United States, the phrase \"ice cream\" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream.", "Ice cream __knowledge__ Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are labelled \"frozen dairy dessert\" instead.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ This article is about the ice cream varieties around the world.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ While industrial ice cream exists in Argentina and can be found in supermarkets, restaurants or kiosks, and ice cream pops are sold on some streets and at the beaches, the most traditional Argentine \"helado\" (ice cream) is very similar to Italian gelato, rather than US-style ice cream, and it has become one of the most popular desserts in the country.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Among the most famous manufacturers are \"Freddo,\" \"Persicco,\" \"Chungo\", \"Cremolatti\" and \"Munchi's,\" all of them located in Buenos Aires.", "List of ice cream varieties by country __knowledge__ Each city has its own \"heladerías\" (ice cream parlours) which offer different varieties of creamy and water-based ice creams, including both standard and regional flavours.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ An ice cream van (British) or ice cream truck (American) is a commercial vehicle that serves as a mobile retail outlet for ice cream, usually during the summer.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans are often seen parked at public events, or near parks, beaches, or other areas where people congregate.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans often travel near where children play — outside schools, in residential areas, or in other locations.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ They usually stop briefly before moving on to the next street.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ Ice cream vans are often brightly decorated and carry images of ice cream, or some other adornment, such as cartoon characters.", "Ice cream van __knowledge__ They may have painted-on notices, which can serve a commercial purpose (\"\"Stop me and buy one!\"\")", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ An ice cream float or soda (United States, United Kingdom, Canada, South Africa and East Asia), coke float (United Kingdom), root beer float (United States, Canada) or spider (Australia and New Zealand), is a chilled beverage that consists of ice cream in either a soft drink or in a mixture of flavored syrup and carbonated water.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The ice cream float was invented by Robert McCay Green in Philadelphia, PA, in 1874 during the Franklin Institute's semicentennial celebration.", "Ice cream float __knowledge__ The traditional story is that, on a particularly hot day, Mr. Green ran out of cold ice for the flavored drinks he was selling and used vanilla ice cream from a neighboring vendor, thus inventing a new drink.", "Green tea ice cream __knowledge__ There is a clear indication that Mount Fuji-shaped green tea ice cream was an item on the menu at the royal dinner party during the Meiji period (1868–1912).", "Green tea ice cream __knowledge__ The true origin of green tea ice cream, however, is unknown.", "Green tea ice cream __knowledge__ Although green tea itself seems to have existed as local handmade ice cream at some districts in Japan, none of the Japanese flavored ice creams were really merchandised until the 1990s because the major Japanese ice cream manufacturers were producing vanilla, strawberry and chocolate as their primary flavors.", "Green tea ice cream __knowledge__ However, green tea shaved ice has been well known and popular in Japan long before green tea ice cream.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Bacon ice cream (or bacon-and-egg ice cream) is an ice cream generally created by adding bacon to egg custard and freezing the mixture.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ The concept of bacon ice cream originated in a 1973 sketch on the British comedy series \"The Two Ronnies\" as a joke; however, it was eventually created for April Fools' Day.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Heston Blumenthal experimented with the creation of ice cream, making a custard similar to scrambled eggs then adding bacon to create one of his signature dishes.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ It now appears on dessert menus in other restaurants.", "Bacon ice cream __knowledge__ Ice cream is generally expected to be a sweet food, eaten as a dessert, even though there is evidence of savoury ice creams eaten in Victorian times.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ Vanilla is frequently used to flavor ice cream, especially in North America and Europe.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ Vanilla ice cream, like other flavors of ice cream, was originally created by cooling a mixture made of cream, sugar, and vanilla above a container of ice and salt.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ The type of vanilla used to flavor ice cream varies by location.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ In North America, consumers are interested in a more prominent, smoky flavor, while in France, they want a more anise-like flavor.", "Vanilla ice cream __knowledge__ To create the smooth consistency of ice cream, the mixture has to be stirred occasionally and then returned to the container of ice and salt to continue the solidification process.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the British television programme \"Sugar Rush\", broadcast by Channel 4 from 2005 to 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ There have been 2 series of the programme, the first airing in 2005 and the second in 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Each series consists of ten episodes, each 30 minutes long, including adverts.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Episodes do not have individual titles.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first series consists of ten episodes and follows a 15-year-old Kim's unrequited crush on Sugar.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first episode starts with Kim and Sugar on the waltzers on Brighton Pier.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Slowly, Sugar moves in to kiss Kim.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The scene then suddenly moves to Kim in bed, under a duvet with her eyes closed, and the sound of whirring.", "History of sugar __knowledge__ Sugar is an indispensable part of human life.", "History of sugar __knowledge__ From the time of its invention, refined sugar has been a part of our day-to-day life.", "History of sugar __knowledge__ Sugar was first produced from sugarcane plants in northern India sometime after the first century.", "History of sugar __knowledge__ The derivation of the word “sugar” is thought to have been from Sanskrit and Sanskrit literature from India, written between 1500 - 500 B. C., provides the first documentation of the cultivation of sugar cane and manufacture of sugar in the Bengal region of India.", "History of sugar __knowledge__ The Sanskrit name for a crudely made sugar substance was guda, meaning “to make into a ball or to conglomerate.” The history of sugar has five main phases: Known worldwide through the end of the medieval period, sugar was very expensive and was considered a \"fine spice\", but from about the year 1500, technological improvements and New World sources began turning it into a much cheaper bulk commodity.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ The Utah-Idaho Sugar Company was a large sugar beet processing company based in Utah.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ It was owned and controlled by the Utah-based Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and its leaders.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ It was notable for developing a valuable cash crop and processing facilities that was important to the economy of Utah and surrounding states.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ It was part of the Sugar Trust, and subject to antitrust investigations by the U.S. Department of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, and the Hardwick Committee.", "Utah-Idaho Sugar Company __knowledge__ Since sugar was primarily an imported product in the late 19th century, from areas that cultivate sugar cane and sugar beets, there was support in the United States to produce it internally and prevent the more than $500 million annually that was paid out for imports.", "Sucrose __knowledge__ Sucrose is common table sugar.", "Sucrose __knowledge__ It is a disaccharide, a molecule composed of the two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose.", "Sucrose __knowledge__ Sucrose is produced naturally in plants, from which table sugar is refined.", "Sucrose __knowledge__ It has the formula CHO.", "Sucrose __knowledge__ For human consumption, sucrose is extracted, and refined, from either sugar cane or sugar beet.", "Sucrose __knowledge__ Sugar mills are located where sugar cane is grown to crush the cane and produce raw sugar which is shipped around the world for refining into pure sucrose.", "Sucrose __knowledge__ Some sugar mills also process the raw sugar into pure sucrose.", "Sucrose __knowledge__ Sugar beet factories are in colder climates where the beet is grown and process the beets directly into refined sugar.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ Sugar beet is a plant whose root contains a high concentration of sucrose and which is grown commercially for sugar production.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ In plant breeding it is known as the Altissima cultivar group of the common beet (\"Beta vulgaris\").", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ Together with other beet cultivars, such as beetroot and chard, it belongs to the subspecies \"Beta vulgaris\" subsp.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ \"vulgaris.\"", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ Its closest wild relative is the Sea beet (\"Beta vulgaris\" subsp.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ \"maritima\").", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ In 2013, Russia, France, the United States, Germany, and Turkey were the world's five largest sugar beet producers.", "Sugar beet __knowledge__ In 2010–2011, North America and Europe did not produce enough sugar from sugar beets to meet overall demand for sugar and were all net importers of sugar.", "Herbert Sutcliffe __knowledge__ Herbert Sutcliffe (24 November 1894 – 22 January 1978) was an English professional cricketer who represented Yorkshire and England as an opening batsman.", "Herbert Sutcliffe __knowledge__ Apart from one match in 1945, his first-class career spanned the period between the two world wars.", "Herbert Sutcliffe __knowledge__ His first-class debut was delayed by the First World War until 1919 and his career was effectively terminated in August 1939 when he was called up for military service in the imminent Second World War.", "Herbert Sutcliffe __knowledge__ He was the first cricketer to score 16 centuries in Test match cricket.", "Herbert Sutcliffe __knowledge__ A right-handed batsman, Sutcliffe was noted for his concentration and determination, qualities which made him invaluable to his teams in adverse batting conditions; and he is remembered as one of the game's finest \"bad wicket batsmen\".", "Alan Sugar __knowledge__ Alan Michael Sugar, Baron Sugar (born 24 March 1947) is a British business magnate, media personality, politician and political adviser.", "Alan Sugar __knowledge__ According to the Sunday Times Rich List, Sugar became a billionaire in 2015.", "Alan Sugar __knowledge__ In 2016 they estimated his fortune at £1.15bn, and ranked him as the 95th richest person in the UK.", "Alan Sugar __knowledge__ In 2007, he sold his remaining interest in the consumer electronics company Amstrad, his largest business venture.", "Alan Sugar __knowledge__ Sugar was chairman of Tottenham Hotspur from 1991 to 2001.", "Alan Sugar __knowledge__ Sugar appears in the BBC TV series \"The Apprentice\", which has been broadcast annually since 2005 and is based on the US television show of the same name which was originally created by Mark Burnett starring Donald Trump." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 6 ]

[ "oh yeah I have eaten it as a snack or even a whole meal", "i don't eat it as much anymore because of the milk but what is your favorite flavor?", "ohhhhhhhhhh that is so so good. Lot's of sugar but worth it", "do you like really smooth ice cream or kinda foamy?" ]

[ "Ice cream", "Ice cream", "Ice cream", "Ice cream" ]

[ "Athletics (physical culture)", "I do! I am a very competitive person and running just feels so good!", "They were insane, I heard one marathoner ran for 1000 miles before dying", "Yeah the mind is a powerful thing. Courtney DeWalter recently did like a 300 mile 24 hour run " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics is a term encompassing the human competitive sports and games requiring physical skill, and the systems of training that prepare athletes for competition performance.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports or contests, are competitions which are primarily based on human, physical competition, demanding the qualities of stamina, fitness, and skill.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports form the bulk of popular sporting activities, with other major forms including motorsports, , extreme sports and animal sports.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic contests, as one of the earliest types of sport, are prehistoric and comprised a significant part of the Ancient Olympic Games, along with equestrian events.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The word \"athletic\" is derived from the Ancient Greek word \"άθλος\" (athlos) meaning \"contest.\"", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports became organized in the late 19th century with the formation of organizations such as the Amateur Athletic Union in the United States and the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques in France.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later the NCAA) was established in 1906 to oversee athletic sports at college-level in the United States, known as college athletics.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics has gained significant importance at educational institutions; talented athletes may gain entry into higher education through athletic scholarships and represent their institutions in athletic conferences." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics is a term encompassing the human competitive sports and games requiring physical skill, and the systems of training that prepare athletes for competition performance.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports or contests, are competitions which are primarily based on human, physical competition, demanding the qualities of stamina, fitness, and skill.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports form the bulk of popular sporting activities, with other major forms including motorsports, , extreme sports and animal sports.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic contests, as one of the earliest types of sport, are prehistoric and comprised a significant part of the Ancient Olympic Games, along with equestrian events.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The word \"athletic\" is derived from the Ancient Greek word \"άθλος\" (athlos) meaning \"contest.\"", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports became organized in the late 19th century with the formation of organizations such as the Amateur Athletic Union in the United States and the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques in France.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later the NCAA) was established in 1906 to oversee athletic sports at college-level in the United States, known as college athletics.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics has gained significant importance at educational institutions; talented athletes may gain entry into higher education through athletic scholarships and represent their institutions in athletic conferences.", "Protagonistas de Nuestra Tele 2012 (2nd Season) __knowledge__ Protagonistas de Nuestra Tele 2012 is the second season of reality shows Protagonistas de nuestra tele, participants for this season will be 16 and not 14 as in the previous season compete to participate in a soap opera RCN and achieve two winners-a woman and a man-and achieve her dream of being actors.", "Protagonistas de Nuestra Tele 2012 (2nd Season) __knowledge__ This season is presented by Andrea Serna.", "Protagonistas de Nuestra Tele 2012 (2nd Season) __knowledge__ The auditions were held throughout the month of May in certain cities of Colombia.", "Protagonistas de Nuestra Tele 2012 (2nd Season) __knowledge__ Each person involved must submit a monologue a minute.", "Protagonistas de Nuestra Tele 2012 (2nd Season) __knowledge__ The three jurors chose 78 shortlisted to continue to the first filter.", "Protagonistas de Nuestra Tele 2012 (2nd Season) __knowledge__ In the first filter formed 8 groups where each should dramatize a scene and determined by production.", "Ecclefechan railway station __knowledge__ Ecclefechan railway station was a station which served the rural area around Ecclefechan, south of Lockerbie in Applegarth parish, Scottish county of Dumfries and Galloway.", "Ecclefechan railway station __knowledge__ It was served by local trains on what is now known as the West Coast Main Line.", "Ecclefechan railway station __knowledge__ The nearest station for Ecclefechan is now at Lockerbie.", "Ecclefechan railway station __knowledge__ Opened by the Caledonian Railway, it became part of the London Midland and Scottish Railway during the Grouping of 1923 and was then closed by British Railways in 1960.", "Ecclefechan railway station __knowledge__ The station had a goods shed with a signal box on the platform next to it.", "Ecclefechan railway station __knowledge__ Several sidings were present and a minor road to Nether Collinhirst had run through the site.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Charles M. Lieber __knowledge__ Charles M. Lieber (born 1959) is an American chemist and pioneer in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology.", "Charles M. Lieber __knowledge__ In 2011, Lieber was recognized by Thomson Reuters as the leading chemist in the world for the decade 2000-2010 based on the impact of his scientific publications.", "Charles M. Lieber __knowledge__ Lieber has published over 390 papers in peer-reviewed scientific journals and has edited and contributed to many books on nanoscience.", "Charles M. Lieber __knowledge__ He is the principal inventor on over fifty issued US patents and applications, and founded the nanotechnology company Nanosys in 2001 and Vista Therapeutics in 2007.", "Charles M. Lieber __knowledge__ He is known for his contributions to the synthesis, assembly and characterization of nanoscale materials and nanodevices, the application of nanoelectronic devices in biology, and as a mentor to numerous leaders in nanoscience.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "Ken Paxton __knowledge__ Warren Kenneth Paxton Jr. (born December 23, 1962) is an American lawyer and politician who is the Attorney General of Texas since January 2015.", "Ken Paxton __knowledge__ Paxton won election to the state's top law enforcement job in November 2014 as a champion of the Tea Party movement and conservative principles.", "Ken Paxton __knowledge__ For two years beginning in January 2013, Paxton was a Republican member of the Texas Senate representing District 8, which includes the central-western portion of Collin County north of Dallas and parts of surrounding cities such as Allen, Frisco, and McKinney.", "Ken Paxton __knowledge__ From 2003 to 2013, Paxton represented District 70 in the Texas House of Representatives.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "Mile run __knowledge__ The mile run (1,760 yards or exactly 1,609.344 metres) is a middle-distance foot race.", "Mile run __knowledge__ The history of the mile run event began in England, where it was used as a distance for gambling races.", "Mile run __knowledge__ It survived track and field's switch to metric distances in the 1900s and retained its popularity, with the chase for the four-minute mile in the 1950s a high point for the race.", "Mile run __knowledge__ In spite of the roughly equivalent 1500 metres race, the mile run is present in all fields of athletics and it remains the only imperial distance for which the IAAF records an official world record.", "Mile run __knowledge__ Although the mile does not feature at any major championship competition, the Wanamaker Mile, Dream Mile, and Bowerman Mile races are among the foremost annual middle-distance races indoors and outdoors, respectively.", "History of rodeo __knowledge__ History of Rodeo tracks the lineage of modern Western rodeo.", "History of rodeo __knowledge__ Rodeo stresses its western folk hero image and its being a genuinely American creation.", "History of rodeo __knowledge__ But in fact it grew out of the practices of Spanish ranchers and their Mexican ranch hands (\"vaqueros\"), a mixture of cattle wrangling and bullfighting that dates back to the sixteenth-century conquistadors.", "History of rodeo __knowledge__ Bullriding originated with Mexican equestrian contests known as charreadas.", "History of rodeo __knowledge__ wrestling the steer to the ground by riding up behind it, grabbing its tail, and twisting it to the ground.", "History of rodeo __knowledge__ Bull wrestling had been part of an ancient tradition throughout the ancient Mediterranean world including Spain.", "Contesting __knowledge__ Contesting (also known as \"radiosport\") is a competitive activity pursued by amateur radio operators.", "Contesting __knowledge__ In a contest, an amateur radio station, which may be operated by an individual or a team, seeks to contact as many other amateur radio stations as possible in a given period of time and exchange information.", "Contesting __knowledge__ Rules for each competition define the amateur radio bands, the mode of communication that may be used, and the kind of information that must be exchanged.", "Contesting __knowledge__ The contacts made during the contest contribute to a score by which stations are ranked.", "Contesting __knowledge__ Contest sponsors publish the results in magazines and on web sites.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The name is derived from the sport's typical venue: a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place.", "Track and field __knowledge__ Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, race walking and hurdling, are won by the athlete with the fastest time.", "Track and field __knowledge__ The jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height.", "Ancient Olympic Games __knowledge__ The ancient Olympic Games were originally a festival, or celebration of and for Zeus; later, events such as a footrace, a javelin contest, and wrestling matches were added.", "Ancient Olympic Games __knowledge__ The Olympic Games ( \"Olympia\" \"the Olympics\"; also \"the Olympiad\") were a series of athletic competitions among representatives of city-states and one of the Panhellenic Games of ancient Greece.", "Ancient Olympic Games __knowledge__ They were held in honor of Zeus, and the Greeks gave them a mythological origin.", "Ancient Olympic Games __knowledge__ The first Olympics is traditionally dated to 776 BC.", "Ancient Olympic Games __knowledge__ They continued to be celebrated when Greece came under Roman rule, until the emperor Theodosius I suppressed them in AD393 as part of the campaign to impose Christianity as the State religion of Rome.", "International Ms. Leather __knowledge__ International Ms. Leather (IMsL) is a leather subculture fetish convention for women, held annually in the United States.", "International Ms. Leather __knowledge__ The first formal International Ms. Leather convention was held in 1987.", "International Ms. Leather __knowledge__ Besides the contest, IMsL continues to evolve as producers change but at the heart of the event is the building a community of Leatherwoman, kinksters, sex geeks, sex positive and empowered women (and those who love them including the growing men of IMsL attendees).", "International Ms. Leather __knowledge__ The weekend runs now runs from Thursday through Sunday night, providing an extended weekend to meet, cruise, and play.", "International Ms. Leather __knowledge__ It takes a staff of 20 and roughly 100 volunteers their time during the weekend itself to run the stage crew, support security and registration, and make sure the weekend happens." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics is a term encompassing the human competitive sports and games requiring physical skill, and the systems of training that prepare athletes for competition performance.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports or contests, are competitions which are primarily based on human, physical competition, demanding the qualities of stamina, fitness, and skill.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports form the bulk of popular sporting activities, with other major forms including motorsports, , extreme sports and animal sports.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic contests, as one of the earliest types of sport, are prehistoric and comprised a significant part of the Ancient Olympic Games, along with equestrian events.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The word \"athletic\" is derived from the Ancient Greek word \"άθλος\" (athlos) meaning \"contest.\"", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports became organized in the late 19th century with the formation of organizations such as the Amateur Athletic Union in the United States and the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques in France.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later the NCAA) was established in 1906 to oversee athletic sports at college-level in the United States, known as college athletics.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics has gained significant importance at educational institutions; talented athletes may gain entry into higher education through athletic scholarships and represent their institutions in athletic conferences.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The marathon is a long-distance running race with an official distance of 42.195 kilometres (26.219 miles, or 26 miles 385 yards), usually run as a road race.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The event was instituted in commemoration of the fabled run of the Greek soldier Pheidippides, a messenger from the Battle of Marathon to Athens, who reported the victory.", "Marathon __knowledge__ The marathon was one of the original modern Olympic events in 1896, though the distance did not become standardized until 1921.", "Marathon __knowledge__ More than 800 marathons are held throughout the world each year, with the vast majority of competitors being recreational athletes as larger marathons can have tens of thousands of participants.", "Russian conquest of Central Asia __knowledge__ The Russian conquest of Central Asia took place in the second half of the nineteenth century.", "Russian conquest of Central Asia __knowledge__ The land that became Russian Turkestan and later Soviet Central Asia is now divided between Kazakhstan in the north, Uzbekistan across the center, Kyrgyzstan in the east, Tajikistan in the southeast and Turkmenistan in the southwest.", "Russian conquest of Central Asia __knowledge__ Before the Russians came the north was held by the Kazakh steppe nomads and their ancestors while the south was approximately part of Greater Iran.", "Russian conquest of Central Asia __knowledge__ The area was called Turkestan because most of its inhabitants spoke Turkic languages.", "Russian conquest of Central Asia __knowledge__ Outline: In the eighteenth century Russia gained increasing control over the Kazakh steppe.", "Xander Rawlins __knowledge__ Alexander Rawlins is a popular singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer from Bath, England.", "Xander Rawlins __knowledge__ He is the lead vocalist and one half of the Indie Electronic duo LAIKIPIA, who in March 2017 released their first single \"Hello Dreamer\".", "Xander Rawlins __knowledge__ His career started while he was a British army officer serving in Afghanistan.", "Xander Rawlins __knowledge__ He was a 2014 BBC Introducing Artist and is well known for his songs \"We See You\" and \"1000 Miles Apart\".", "Xander Rawlins __knowledge__ Xander Rawlins, also known as Alex Rawlins (full first name Alexander), attended Bedford School, Bedford, England and Oxford Brookes University.", "Xander Rawlins __knowledge__ After graduation from University, he attended The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst commissioning into the Grenadier Guards in 2007.", "Insane Clown Posse __knowledge__ Insane Clown Posse (ICP) is an American hip hop duo composed of Violent J (Joseph Bruce) and Shaggy 2 Dope (originally 2 Dope; Joseph Utsler).", "Insane Clown Posse __knowledge__ Founded in Detroit in 1989, Insane Clown Posse performs a style of hardcore hip hop known as horrorcore and is known for its elaborate live performances.", "Insane Clown Posse __knowledge__ The duo has earned two platinum and five gold albums.", "Insane Clown Posse __knowledge__ According to Nielsen SoundScan, the entire catalog of the group has sold 6.5 million units in the United States and Canada .", "Insane Clown Posse __knowledge__ The group has established a dedicated following called Juggalos numbering in the \"tens of thousands\".", "Insane Clown Posse __knowledge__ Originally known as \"JJ Boyz\" and \"Inner City Posse\", the group introduced supernatural- and horror-themed lyrics as a means of distinguishing itself stylistically.", "Al Howie __knowledge__ Arthur \"Al\" Howie (September 16, 1945 – June 21, 2016) was a Canadian long-distance runner who won more than fifty marathons, ultramarathons, and multiday races in over two decades, including the 1991 Trans Canada Highway run (7295 kilometers) in the record time of 72 days and 10 hours.", "Al Howie __knowledge__ A brass plaque on Victoria's Mile Zero marker commemorates this athletic event for which he raised $750,000 for a fund for children with special needs.", "Al Howie __knowledge__ Two weeks after running across Canada he won the Sri Chinmoy 1300 Miler in New York improving on his own world record time.", "Al Howie __knowledge__ Both the Trans Canada run and the race qualified for the \"Guinness Book of Records\".", "Melodifestivalen 2009 __knowledge__ Melodifestivalen 2009 was a Swedish song contest held between February and March 2009.", "Melodifestivalen 2009 __knowledge__ It was the selection for the 49th song to represent Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest, and was the 48th edition of Melodifestivalen.", "Melodifestivalen 2009 __knowledge__ Five semi-finals were held in the Swedish cities of Gothenburg, Skellefteå, Leksand and Malmö, with Norrköping hosting the final \"Andra Chansen\" (Second Chance) round.", "Melodifestivalen 2009 __knowledge__ After the five semi-finals 11 songs had qualified to the final of the contest, contested in the Swedish capital of Stockholm, at the Globe Arena.", "Melodifestivalen 2009 __knowledge__ After the voting of 12 juries and a public televote had been revealed, the final winner was opera singer Malena Ernman with pop/opera song \"La voix\", which received top marks from the public televote, despite only placing 8th after the votes of the 12 juries.", "USS Trigger (SS-237) __knowledge__ \"Trigger\"'s keel was laid down on 1 February 1941 at Mare Island, California, by the Mare Island Navy Yard.", "USS Trigger (SS-237) __knowledge__ She was launched on 22 October 1941 (sponsored by Mrs. Walter N. Vernou), and commissioned on 30 January 1942, with Lieutenant Commander Jack H. Lewis (US Naval Academy Class of 1927) in command.", "USS Trigger (SS-237) __knowledge__ The submarine sailed for Hawaii on 22 May and reached Pearl Harbor the following week.", "USS Trigger (SS-237) __knowledge__ She sortied for Midway Island with Task Group 7.2 (TG 7.2) on 29 May in anticipation of a Japanese attack on that island.", "USS Trigger (SS-237) __knowledge__ Her station during the ensuing Battle of Midway was northeast of Midway, and she remained there without contacting any enemy shipping until she was ordered back to Pearl Harbor on 9 June.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ Athletics is a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The results of racing events are decided by finishing position (or time, where measured), while the jumps and throws are won by the athlete that achieves the highest or furthest measurement from a series of attempts.", "Sport of athletics __knowledge__ The simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most commonly competed sports in the world.", "Greek language question __knowledge__ The Greek language question (, \"to glossikó zítima\") was a dispute about whether the language of the Greek people (Demotic Greek) or a cultivated imitation of Ancient Greek (\"katharevousa\") should be the official language of the Greek nation.", "Greek language question __knowledge__ It was a highly controversial topic in the 19th and 20th centuries and was finally resolved in 1976, when Demotic was made the official language.", "Greek language question __knowledge__ The language phenomenon in question, which also occurs elsewhere in the world, is called diglossia.", "Greek language question __knowledge__ While Demotic was the vernacular of the Greeks, \"Katharevousa\" was an archaic and formal variant that was pronounced like Modern Greek, but it adopted both lexical and morphological features of Ancient Greek that the spoken language had lost over time.", "Battle of Marathon __knowledge__ The Battle of Marathon (Greek: , \"Machē tou Marathōnos\") took place in 490 BC, during the first Persian invasion of Greece.", "Battle of Marathon __knowledge__ It was fought between the citizens of Athens, aided by Plataea, and a Persian force commanded by Datis and Artaphernes.", "Battle of Marathon __knowledge__ The battle was the culmination of the first attempt by Persia, under King Darius I, to subjugate Greece.", "Battle of Marathon __knowledge__ The Greek army decisively defeated the more numerous Persians, marking a turning point in the Greco-Persian Wars.", "Battle of Marathon __knowledge__ The first Persian invasion was a response to Athenian involvement in the Ionian Revolt, when Athens and Eretria had sent a force to support the cities of Ionia in their attempt to overthrow Persian rule.", "New York City Marathon __knowledge__ The New York City Marathon (branded TCS New York City Marathon and formerly branded ING New York City Marathon for sponsorship reasons) is an annual marathon () that courses through the five boroughs of New York City.", "New York City Marathon __knowledge__ It is the largest marathon in the world, with 51,394 finishers in 2016 and 98,247 applicants for the 2017 race.", "New York City Marathon __knowledge__ Along with the Boston Marathon and Chicago Marathon, it is among the pre-eminent long-distance annual running events in the United States and is one of the World Marathon Majors.", "New York City Marathon __knowledge__ The race is organized by New York Road Runners and has been run every year since 1970, with the exception of 2012, when it was cancelled due to the landfall of Hurricane Sandy.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long-distance running, or endurance running, is a form of continuous running over distances of at least eight kilometres (5 miles).", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Physiologically, it is largely aerobic in nature and requires stamina as well as mental strength.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Among mammals, humans are well adapted for running significant distances, and particularly so among primates.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The endurance running hypothesis suggests that running endurance in the \"Homo\" genus arose because travelling over large areas improved scavenging opportunities and allowed persistence hunting.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The capacity for endurance running is also found in migratory ungulates and a limited number of terrestrial carnivores, such as dogs, wolves and hyenas.", "Ancient Greek phonology __knowledge__ Ancient Greek phonology is the description of the reconstructed phonology or pronunciation of Ancient Greek.", "Ancient Greek phonology __knowledge__ This article mostly deals with the pronunciation of the standard Attic dialect of the fifth century BC, used by Plato and other Classical Greek writers, and touches on other dialects spoken at the same time or earlier.", "Ancient Greek phonology __knowledge__ The pronunciation of Ancient Greek is not known from direct observation, but determined from other types of evidence.", "Ancient Greek phonology __knowledge__ Some details regarding the pronunciation of Attic Greek and other Ancient Greek dialects are unknown, but it is generally agreed that Attic Greek had certain features not present in English or Modern Greek, such as a three-way distinction between voiced, voiceless, and aspirated stops (such as ); a distinction between single and double consonants and short and long vowels in most positions in a word; and a word accent that involved pitch." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics is a term encompassing the human competitive sports and games requiring physical skill, and the systems of training that prepare athletes for competition performance.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports or contests, are competitions which are primarily based on human, physical competition, demanding the qualities of stamina, fitness, and skill.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports form the bulk of popular sporting activities, with other major forms including motorsports, , extreme sports and animal sports.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic contests, as one of the earliest types of sport, are prehistoric and comprised a significant part of the Ancient Olympic Games, along with equestrian events.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The word \"athletic\" is derived from the Ancient Greek word \"άθλος\" (athlos) meaning \"contest.\"", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletic sports became organized in the late 19th century with the formation of organizations such as the Amateur Athletic Union in the United States and the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques in France.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later the NCAA) was established in 1906 to oversee athletic sports at college-level in the United States, known as college athletics.", "Athletics (physical culture) __knowledge__ Athletics has gained significant importance at educational institutions; talented athletes may gain entry into higher education through athletic scholarships and represent their institutions in athletic conferences.", "Charles E. Courtney __knowledge__ Charles Edward Courtney (November 13, 1849 – July 17, 1920) was an American rower and rowing coach from Union Springs, New York.", "Charles E. Courtney __knowledge__ A carpenter by trade, Courtney was a nationally known amateur rower.", "Charles E. Courtney __knowledge__ Courtney never lost a race as an amateur and finished a total of 88 victories.", "Charles E. Courtney __knowledge__ In 1877, he moved from an amateur to a professional rower, a decision that Courtney would later regret.", "Charles E. Courtney __knowledge__ His professional career was marred by controversy and accusations including cowardice and race fixing.", "Charles E. Courtney __knowledge__ His professional career was best remembered for his controversial losses to Ned Hanlan.", "Charles E. Courtney __knowledge__ As his rowing career wound down, Courtney became involved in coaching at Cornell University.", "The Courtney Novels __knowledge__ The Courtney Novels are a series of sixteen novels published between 1964 and 2017 by Wilbur Smith.", "The Courtney Novels __knowledge__ They chronicle the lives of the Courtney family, from the 1860s through until 1987.", "The Courtney Novels __knowledge__ The novels can be split into three parts; the original trilogy of novels follow the twins Sean and Garrick Courtney from the 1860s until 1925.", "The Courtney Novels __knowledge__ The second part is five books which follows Centaine de Thiry Courtney, her sons and grandchildren between 1917 and 1987.", "The Courtney Novels __knowledge__ The third part, the most recently written, follows the Courtney family from the 1660s through until 1918, focusing on successive generations of the family.", "24-hour run __knowledge__ A 24-hour run is a form of ultramarathon, in which a competitor runs as far as they can in 24 hours.", "24-hour run __knowledge__ They are typically held on 1- to 2-mile loops or occasionally 400-meter tracks.", "24-hour run __knowledge__ Top runners will often run 200 kilometers or more, depending on conditions, and the best can go beyond 270 kilometers.", "24-hour run __knowledge__ Some participants will have a crew to help them, but others just set up a camp with all the gear and supplies they need near the starting area to access each loop.", "24-hour run __knowledge__ Often 24-hour events are combined with 6-, 12-, and 48-hour events.", "24-hour run __knowledge__ 24-hour runs have also been held in relay formats, with runners completing a mile each in succession for 24 hours.", "Robert Garside __knowledge__ Robert Garside (born 6 January 1967), calling himself The Runningman, is a British runner who is credited by Guinness World Records as the first person to run around the world.", "Robert Garside __knowledge__ Garside began his record-setting run following two aborted attempts from Cape Town, South Africa and London, England.", "Robert Garside __knowledge__ Garside set off from New Delhi, India on 20 October 1997, completing his run back at the same point on 13 June 2003.", "Robert Garside __knowledge__ While his run has been challenged by some ultra distance runners and some members of the press, subsequent publications clarified a number of the points raised, such as anomalies in his online diary, and his running of the Nullarbor plain without a support crew - a feat believed impossible according to classic ultrarunning methodologies but achieved using lateral thinking and relying upon passing traffic and local people to drop off water for him instead - and highlighted the clashes of personality, running approach, and actions, that had engendered the concerns.", "24 Hour Fitness __knowledge__ 24 Hour Fitness is the world's largest (by memberships) privately owned and operated fitness center chain, and third in number of clubs behind Gold's Gym and Fitness First of the UK.", "24 Hour Fitness __knowledge__ It currently has 400+ clubs, 18,000 employees in the United States, and an undisclosed number of employees working in a customer services call-center in the Philippines and another call center in Spokane, Washington.", "24 Hour Fitness __knowledge__ 24 Hour Fitness also employs a collections contracting company located in Jamaica.", "24 Hour Fitness __knowledge__ The corporate office is located in San Ramon, California and a processing center is located in Carlsbad, California.", "24 Hour Fitness __knowledge__ The founder is Mark S. Mastrov, and the CEO is Chris Roussos.", "Bernadette Benson __knowledge__ Bernadette Benson is a Canadian born athlete specialising in ultra distance events.", "Bernadette Benson __knowledge__ Bernadette Benson holds dual citizenship in Australia and has competed in numerous road, track, and trail events around the world.", "Bernadette Benson __knowledge__ At her first 24 hour event, the Australian National 24 Hour Championships in Brisbane, Australia in June 2010, she was the first woman outright winner of the event in 25 years.", "Bernadette Benson __knowledge__ She broke the Canadian 24Hr W40 record with her distance of 200.886 km.", "Bernadette Benson __knowledge__ In November 2010 Bernadette won the Victorian 6 Hour & 50 km Track Championships outright with a distance of 70.406 km.", "Bernadette Benson __knowledge__ In April 2011 she broke the Canadian W40 100 km record while racing at the Coburg 24 hr track race in Victoria, Australia.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: C __knowledge__ Caber is one of the Celtic gods of Avalon, a warrior god.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: C __knowledge__ The character, created by Tom DeFalco and Ron Frenz, first appeared in \"Thor #398\" (Dec. 1988).", "List of Marvel Comics characters: C __knowledge__ Caber joined his friend Leir and the other Celtic gods in aiding the Asgardians in their battle against the forces of the Egyptian god Seth.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: C __knowledge__ With Leir, Caber next attacked the camp of the Fomorians, the traditional enemies of Avalon.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: C __knowledge__ Leir wished to claim Sif as his bride, so Caber followed him to Asgard on Leir's request.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: C __knowledge__ Caber and Leir were captured by the Warriors Three.", "List of Marvel Comics characters: C __knowledge__ Caber clashed with Heimdall in Asgard, and then later arrived on Earth with Leir and Sif.", "Endurance running hypothesis __knowledge__ The endurance running hypothesis is the hypothesis that the evolution of certain human characteristics can be explained as adaptations to long distance running.", "Endurance running hypothesis __knowledge__ The hypothesis suggests that endurance running played an important role for early hominins in obtaining food.", "Endurance running hypothesis __knowledge__ Researchers have proposed that endurance running began as an adaptation for scavenging and later for persistence hunting.", "Endurance running hypothesis __knowledge__ Much research has been geared towards the mechanics of how bipedal walking has evolved in the genus \"Homo\".", "Endurance running hypothesis __knowledge__ However, little research has been conducted to examine how the specific adaptations for running emerged, and how they influenced human evolution.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Long-distance running, or endurance running, is a form of continuous running over distances of at least eight kilometres (5 miles).", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Physiologically, it is largely aerobic in nature and requires stamina as well as mental strength.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ Among mammals, humans are well adapted for running significant distances, and particularly so among primates.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The endurance running hypothesis suggests that running endurance in the \"Homo\" genus arose because travelling over large areas improved scavenging opportunities and allowed persistence hunting.", "Long-distance running __knowledge__ The capacity for endurance running is also found in migratory ungulates and a limited number of terrestrial carnivores, such as dogs, wolves and hyenas.", "Running injuries __knowledge__ Running is a form of exercise and described as the one of the world's most accessible sport.", "Running injuries __knowledge__ However, its high-impact nature can lead to injury.", "Running injuries __knowledge__ Approximately 50% of runners are affected by some form of running injuries or running-related injuries (RRI) annually, and some estimates suggest an even higher frequency.", "Running injuries __knowledge__ The frequency of various RRI depend on the type of running, as runners vary significantly in factors such as speed and mileage.", "Running injuries __knowledge__ RRI can be both acute and chronic.", "Running injuries __knowledge__ Many of the common injuries that plague runners are chronic, developing over a longer period of time, as opposed to injury caused by sudden trauma, such as strains.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Oh Man-seok (born January 30, 1975) is a South Korean actor.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Best known for playing the titular transgender singer in rock musical \"Hedwig and the Angry Inch\", Oh's acting career spans theater, television and film.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Oh Man-seok graduated from the School of Drama at Korea National University of Arts with a BFA in Acting.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ He made his stage debut in \"Faust\" in 1999.", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ One of his early notable roles was as the androgynous court jester Gong-gil who becomes the object of obsession of the tyrant King Yeonsan in \"Yi\", which would later be adapted into the hit 2005 film \"King and the Clown\".", "Oh Man-seok __knowledge__ Highly acclaimed for his portrayal of Gong-gil, Oh was awarded Best New Actor by the National Theater Association of Korea for the play's first run in 2000, and he reprised the role four more times in 2001, 2003, 2006, and 2010.", "Haplogroup T-M184 __knowledge__ Haplogroup T-M184, also known as haplogroup T, is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup.", "Haplogroup T-M184 __knowledge__ The unique-event polymorphism (UEP) that defines this clade is the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) known as \"M184\".", "Haplogroup T-M184 __knowledge__ Other SNPs – \"M272\", \"PAGES129\", \"L810\", \"L455\", \"L452\", and \"L445\" – are considered to be phylogenetically equivalent to \"M184\".", "Haplogroup T-M184 __knowledge__ T-M184 is an immediate descendant of the haplogroup LT, whose parent clade is the haplogroup K. Before 2008, haplogroup T (or T1a/M70) was known as haplogroup K2.", "Haplogroup T-M184 __knowledge__ This subclade name has since been reassigned to a sibling clade of haplogroup LT. Haplogroup T is unusual in that it is both relatively rare and geographically widespread.", "Haplogroup T-L206 (Y-DNA) __knowledge__ Haplogroup T-L206, also known as haplogroup T1, is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup.", "Haplogroup T-L206 (Y-DNA) __knowledge__ The SNP that defines the T1 clade is L206.", "Haplogroup T-L206 (Y-DNA) __knowledge__ The haplogroup is one two primary branches of T (T-M184), the other subclade being T2 (T-PH110).", "Haplogroup T-L206 (Y-DNA) __knowledge__ T1 is the most common descendant of the T-M184 haplogroup, being the lineage of more than 95% of all T-M184 members in America, Australia, Africa, Asia and Europe.", "Haplogroup T-L206 (Y-DNA) __knowledge__ T1 lineages are found at high frequencies among northern Somali clans and at least, T1* could have spread with the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B culture (PPNB).", "Haplogroup T-L206 (Y-DNA) __knowledge__ The rare basal paragroup T1* has been found in a Berber individual from Tunisia, a male in Syria, and one among ethnic Macedonians in Macedonia." ] ]

[ 2, 53, 64, 61 ]

[ "Hi! I really enjoy races and other running contests. How about you?", "Even though the mile running event began in England, I've always wondered what an ancient Greek marathon would be like.", "Oh man! Yeah endurance running is definitely a feat over the mind as much as the body.", "Wow! I wonder if she incurred any running injuries. About 50% of runners get some." ]

[ "Athletics (physical culture)", "Athletics (physical culture)", "Athletics (physical culture)", "Athletics (physical culture)" ]

[ "Lizard\nLizards are great pets to have.", "Yeah that's true, they could even be Komodo dragons which are massive.", "Yeah the komodo dragons are really aggressive too.", "That's really interesting!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards are a widespread group of squamate reptiles, with over 6,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most oceanic island chains.", "Lizard __knowledge__ The group is paraphyletic as it excludes the snakes and Amphisbaenia which are also squamates.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards range in size from chameleons and geckos a few centimeters long to the 3 meter long Komodo dragon.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Most lizards are quadrupedal, running with a strong side-to-side motion.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Others are legless, and have long snake-like bodies.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Some such as the forest-dwelling \"Draco\" lizards are able to glide.", "Lizard __knowledge__ They are often territorial, the males fighting off other males and signalling, often with brightly colours, to attract mates and to intimidate rivals.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards are mainly carnivorous, often being sit-and-wait predators; many smaller species eat insects, while the Komodo eats mammals as big as water buffalo.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards make use of a variety of antipredator adaptations, including venom, camouflage, reflex bleeding, and the ability to sacrifice and regrow their tails.", "Lizard __knowledge__ The adult length of species within the suborder ranges from a few centimeters for chameleons such as \"Brookesia micra\" and geckos such as \"Sphaerodactylus ariasae\" to nearly in the case of the largest living varanid lizard, the Komodo dragon.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ This is a list of creatures in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ To be listed here, creatures must be noted in multiple canonical sources.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ An Acklay is a large non-Sentient creature resembling an Earth's praying mantis.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is a Crustacean.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is equipped with three eyes and six legs with four digits each, the fourth of which terminates in an elongated scythe-like claw and a crest to protect it from air attack.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ As a carnivore, it possesses a mouth full of long, sharp teeth that it uses for catching fish.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It originated on Vendaxa, but has since adapted to other environments such as Felucia and Geonosis.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the American animated children's television series, \"Wonder Pets!\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ It debuted on March 3, 2006, on the Nick Jr. block of the Nickelodeon cable television network and Noggin (now Nick Jr.) on December 27, 2006.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ 1.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ Save the Dolphin!/Save the Chimp!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Air Date 9/18/06) The Wonder Pets travel to Hawaii to save a baby dolphin caught in a fishing net who is in danger of drowning.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The Wonder Pets rig their Flyboat for space travel and head for the stars to rescue a baby chimp whose spaceship is about to be hit by a meteor!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Fact: Christine Ka'aloa plays the mother dolphin in this first episode.)", "Datarock California EP __knowledge__ Datarock California EP is an EP by Norwegian Dance-punk duo Datarock, released in 2011 included within the Catcher in the Rye EP aka The Most Extravagant Single in History.", "Datarock California EP __knowledge__ The EP features the title track \"California\" a song the band bills as part of a new modern rock musical about Datarock traveling the world.", "Datarock California EP __knowledge__ The band continues its often playful approach to music citing references to both The Beach Boys California Girls and Porno for Pyros Make Great Pets in the song \"Great Pets\"", "Pet __knowledge__ A pet or companion animal is an animal kept primarily for a person's company, protection, or entertainment rather than as a working animal, livestock, or laboratory animal.", "Pet __knowledge__ Popular pets are often noted for their attractive appearances and their loyal or playful personalities.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets provide their owners (or guardians) both physical and emotional benefits.", "Pet __knowledge__ Walking a dog can supply both the human and pet with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets can give companionship to elderly adults who do not have adequate social interaction with other people, as well as to other people who are living alone.", "Snake __knowledge__ Snakes are elongated, legless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes.", "Snake __knowledge__ Like all squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales.", "Snake __knowledge__ Many species of snakes have skulls with several more joints than their lizard ancestors, enabling them to swallow prey much larger than their heads with their highly mobile jaws.", "Snake __knowledge__ To accommodate their narrow bodies, snakes' paired organs (such as kidneys) appear one in front of the other instead of side by side, and most have only one functional lung.", "Snake __knowledge__ Some species retain a pelvic girdle with a pair of vestigial claws on either side of the cloaca.", "Takydromus sexlineatus __knowledge__ The Asian grass lizard, six-striped long-tailed lizard, or long-tailed grass lizard (Takydromus sexlineatus) is an arboreal, diurnal species of lizard.", "Takydromus sexlineatus __knowledge__ The tail length is usually over three times the body (snout to vent) length in this species.", "Takydromus sexlineatus __knowledge__ Males and females are similar, males being distinguishable by the presence of pre-anal pores.", "Takydromus sexlineatus __knowledge__ On average they grow to around snout-to-vent length, with the addition of a distinctive, prehensile long tail.", "Takydromus sexlineatus __knowledge__ Some individuals may have small circular spots on the sides of the bodies.", "Takydromus sexlineatus __knowledge__ This species of lizard is kept as a pet.", "Takydromus sexlineatus __knowledge__ Like geckos they can drop their tail and grow a new one when attacked." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards are a widespread group of squamate reptiles, with over 6,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most oceanic island chains.", "Lizard __knowledge__ The group is paraphyletic as it excludes the snakes and Amphisbaenia which are also squamates.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards range in size from chameleons and geckos a few centimeters long to the 3 meter long Komodo dragon.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Most lizards are quadrupedal, running with a strong side-to-side motion.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Others are legless, and have long snake-like bodies.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Some such as the forest-dwelling \"Draco\" lizards are able to glide.", "Lizard __knowledge__ They are often territorial, the males fighting off other males and signalling, often with brightly colours, to attract mates and to intimidate rivals.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards are mainly carnivorous, often being sit-and-wait predators; many smaller species eat insects, while the Komodo eats mammals as big as water buffalo.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards make use of a variety of antipredator adaptations, including venom, camouflage, reflex bleeding, and the ability to sacrifice and regrow their tails.", "Lizard __knowledge__ The adult length of species within the suborder ranges from a few centimeters for chameleons such as \"Brookesia micra\" and geckos such as \"Sphaerodactylus ariasae\" to nearly in the case of the largest living varanid lizard, the Komodo dragon.", "Komodo dragon __knowledge__ The Komodo dragon (\"Varanus komodoensis\"), also known as the Komodo monitor, is a large species of lizard found in the Indonesian islands of Komodo, Rinca, Flores, Gili Motang, and Padar.", "Komodo dragon __knowledge__ A member of the monitor lizard family Varanidae, it is the largest living species of lizard, growing to a maximum length of in rare cases and weighing up to approximately .", "Komodo dragon __knowledge__ Their unusually large size has been attributed to island gigantism, since no other carnivorous animals fill the niche on the islands where they live.", "Komodo dragon __knowledge__ However, recent research suggests the large size of Komodo dragons may be better understood as representative of a relict population of very large varanid lizards that once lived across Indonesia and Australia, most of which, along with other megafauna, died out after the Pleistocene (likely as a result of human activity).", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ Kung Fu Panda 2 is a video game, loosely based on the film of the same name.", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ The game was released across various platforms on May 24, 2011.", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 version requires Kinect.", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ It uses the uDraw GameTablet.", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ Before the game starts, Po (who is now the Dragon Warrior and a Kung Fu master) has a short Kung Fu tutorial with the player, teaching the player some basic moves, like punching and kicking.", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ Then the story of the game starts.", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ The story of the game happens after the events of the 2011 movie of the same name.", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ Master Po, the rest of the Furious Five, and the villagers celebrate after defeating Lord Shen.", "Komodo (film) __knowledge__ Komodo is a 1999 monster movie directed by Michael Lantieri.", "Komodo (film) __knowledge__ Fifteen-year-old Patrick (Kevin Zegers) has spent many summer holidays with his parents at their cottage on a small island off the coast of South Carolina.", "Komodo (film) __knowledge__ In recent years, a major oil company developed on the island, polluting the local environment and damaging tourism.", "Komodo (film) __knowledge__ At the beginning of the film, a crate of large reptilian looking eggs is accidentally shipped to the island and discarded on the roadside by a driver.", "Komodo (film) __knowledge__ Twenty years later, the Connally family arrive at the island to return to their summer vacation home.", "Komodo (film) __knowledge__ Later during their stay, Patrick ventures out into the long-grass with his dog, Buster, and encounter a strange baby lizard.", "2011 Southeast Asian Games __knowledge__ The 2011 Southeast Asian Games, officially known as the 26th Southeast Asian Games () was a Southeast Asian multi-sport event held in Jakarta and Palembang, Indonesia.", "2011 Southeast Asian Games __knowledge__ It was Indonesia's fourth time to host the Southeast Asian Games, and its first since 1997.", "2011 Southeast Asian Games __knowledge__ Previously, Indonesia also hosted the 1979 games and the 1989 games.", "2011 Southeast Asian Games __knowledge__ Around 4965 athletes from 11 participating nations participated at the games which featured 545 events in 42 sports.", "2011 Southeast Asian Games __knowledge__ Prior to the games, the capital city of Jakarta has been the host of Southeast Asian Games for three times, namely in 1979, 1987, and 1997, while Palembang is the third SEA Games host city which is not the national capital, after Chiang Mai (1995) and Nakhon Ratchasima (2007), Thailand.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Komodo National Park __knowledge__ Komodo National Park is a national park in Indonesia located within the Lesser Sunda Islands in the border region between the provinces of East Nusa Tenggara and West Nusa Tenggara.", "Komodo National Park __knowledge__ The park includes the three larger islands Komodo, Padar and Rinca, and 26 smaller ones, with a total area of 1,733 km (603 km of it land).", "Komodo National Park __knowledge__ The national park was founded in 1980 to protect the Komodo dragon, the world's largest lizard.", "Komodo National Park __knowledge__ Later it was dedicated to protecting other species, including marine species.", "Komodo National Park __knowledge__ In 1991 the national park was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.", "Komodo National Park __knowledge__ Komodo National Park has been selected as one of the New7Wonders of Nature.", "Joan Beauchamp Procter __knowledge__ Joan Beauchamp Procter (5 August 1897 – 20 September 1931) was a notable zoologist, internationally recognised as an outstanding herpetologist.", "Joan Beauchamp Procter __knowledge__ She worked initially at the British Museum (Natural History) and later for the Zoological Society of London, as the first female Curator of Reptiles at London Zoo.", "Joan Beauchamp Procter __knowledge__ Her short life was afflicted by chronic ill-health, but she undertook substantial taxonomic work and made significant innovative contributions to veterinary practice and zoo displays.", "Joan Beauchamp Procter __knowledge__ She also wrote scientific and popular zoological articles, including early accounts of the behaviour of captive Komodo dragons.", "Squamata __knowledge__ The Squamata, or the scaled reptiles, are the largest recent order of reptiles, comprising all lizards and snakes.", "Squamata __knowledge__ With over 10,000 species, it is also the second-largest order of extant vertebrates, after the perciform fish, and roughly equal in number to the Saurischia (one of the two major groups of dinosaurs).", "Squamata __knowledge__ Members of the order are distinguished by their skins, which bear horny scales or shields.", "Squamata __knowledge__ They also possess movable quadrate bones, making it possible to move the upper jaw relative to the neurocranium.", "Squamata __knowledge__ This is particularly visible in snakes, which are able to open their mouths very wide to accommodate comparatively large prey.", "Lepidosaur herbivory __knowledge__ Lepidosaur herbivory describes herbivorous lepidosaurs.", "Lepidosaur herbivory __knowledge__ Living non-avian reptiles form a paraphyletic group that consists of over 9,000 species of crocodiles, turtles, and lepidosaurs.", "Lepidosaur herbivory __knowledge__ The most diverse group, Lepidosauria, is first known from the Middle Triassic (240 million years ago) fossils, but likely originated in the Permian (approximately 300-250 million years ago).", "Lepidosaur herbivory __knowledge__ Living lepidosaurs, which include snakes, lizards, and rhynchocephalians, occupy a wide range of environments and niches.", "Lepidosaur herbivory __knowledge__ Though widely viewed as obligate carnivores, a small number of lepidosaurs are known to consume plant material.", "Reptile __knowledge__ Reptiles are tetrapod animals in the class Reptilia, comprising today's turtles, crocodilians, snakes, amphisbaenians, lizards, tuatara, and their extinct relatives.", "Reptile __knowledge__ The study of these traditional reptile orders, historically combined with that of modern amphibians, is called herpetology.", "Reptile __knowledge__ Because some reptiles are more closely related to birds than they are to other reptiles (e.g., crocodiles are more closely related to birds than they are to lizards), the traditional groups of \"reptiles\" listed above do not together constitute a monophyletic grouping (or clade).", "Reptile __knowledge__ For this reason, many modern scientists prefer to consider the birds part of Reptilia as well, thereby making Reptilia a monophyletic class.", "Snake __knowledge__ Snakes are elongated, legless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes.", "Snake __knowledge__ Like all squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales.", "Snake __knowledge__ Many species of snakes have skulls with several more joints than their lizard ancestors, enabling them to swallow prey much larger than their heads with their highly mobile jaws.", "Snake __knowledge__ To accommodate their narrow bodies, snakes' paired organs (such as kidneys) appear one in front of the other instead of side by side, and most have only one functional lung.", "Snake __knowledge__ Some species retain a pelvic girdle with a pair of vestigial claws on either side of the cloaca.", "List of Plasmodium species __knowledge__ The genus \"Plasmodium\" is a member of the order Haemosporidia.", "List of Plasmodium species __knowledge__ It is the largest genus within this order and currently consists of over 250 species.", "List of Plasmodium species __knowledge__ They cause malaria in many different vertebrates.", "List of Plasmodium species __knowledge__ The species in this genus are entirely parasitic with part of their life cycle spent in a vertebrate host and another in an invertebrate host - usually a mosquito.", "List of Plasmodium species __knowledge__ Vertebrates infected by members of this genus include mammals, birds and reptiles.", "List of Plasmodium species __knowledge__ Host range among the mammalian orders is non uniform.", "List of Plasmodium species __knowledge__ At least 29 species infect non human primates; rodents outside the tropical parts of Africa are rarely affected; a few species are known to infect bats, porcupines and squirrels; carnivores, insectivores and marsupials are not known to act as hosts.", "Chlamydosauromyces __knowledge__ Chlamydosauromyces punctatus is the sole species in the monotypic genus of fungi, \"Chlamydosauromyces\" in the family, Onygenaceae.", "Chlamydosauromyces __knowledge__ It was found in the skin shed from frilled lizard.", "Chlamydosauromyces __knowledge__ This fungus is mesophilic and digests hair.", "Chlamydosauromyces __knowledge__ It reproduces both sexually and asexually.", "Chlamydosauromyces __knowledge__ The fungus has so far not been reported to be pathogenic.", "Chlamydosauromyces __knowledge__ Colonies of \"C.\" \"punctatus\" are yellow in the center and relatively flat surface at the pale peripherals with a central bump.", "Chlamydosauromyces __knowledge__ This fungus is mesophile and grows at , but does not grow above .", "Chlamydosauromyces __knowledge__ This fungus also shows digestion of hairs after 14 days \"in vitro.\"", "Chlamydosauromyces __knowledge__ The keratinolytic, or keratin-digesting, capability is one of the characteristics of Onygenaceae." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards are a widespread group of squamate reptiles, with over 6,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most oceanic island chains.", "Lizard __knowledge__ The group is paraphyletic as it excludes the snakes and Amphisbaenia which are also squamates.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards range in size from chameleons and geckos a few centimeters long to the 3 meter long Komodo dragon.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Most lizards are quadrupedal, running with a strong side-to-side motion.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Others are legless, and have long snake-like bodies.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Some such as the forest-dwelling \"Draco\" lizards are able to glide.", "Lizard __knowledge__ They are often territorial, the males fighting off other males and signalling, often with brightly colours, to attract mates and to intimidate rivals.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards are mainly carnivorous, often being sit-and-wait predators; many smaller species eat insects, while the Komodo eats mammals as big as water buffalo.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards make use of a variety of antipredator adaptations, including venom, camouflage, reflex bleeding, and the ability to sacrifice and regrow their tails.", "Lizard __knowledge__ The adult length of species within the suborder ranges from a few centimeters for chameleons such as \"Brookesia micra\" and geckos such as \"Sphaerodactylus ariasae\" to nearly in the case of the largest living varanid lizard, the Komodo dragon.", "Komodo dragon __knowledge__ The Komodo dragon (\"Varanus komodoensis\"), also known as the Komodo monitor, is a large species of lizard found in the Indonesian islands of Komodo, Rinca, Flores, Gili Motang, and Padar.", "Komodo dragon __knowledge__ A member of the monitor lizard family Varanidae, it is the largest living species of lizard, growing to a maximum length of in rare cases and weighing up to approximately .", "Komodo dragon __knowledge__ Their unusually large size has been attributed to island gigantism, since no other carnivorous animals fill the niche on the islands where they live.", "Komodo dragon __knowledge__ However, recent research suggests the large size of Komodo dragons may be better understood as representative of a relict population of very large varanid lizards that once lived across Indonesia and Australia, most of which, along with other megafauna, died out after the Pleistocene (likely as a result of human activity).", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ Kung Fu Panda 2 is a video game, loosely based on the film of the same name.", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ The game was released across various platforms on May 24, 2011.", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ The Xbox 360 version requires Kinect.", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ It uses the uDraw GameTablet.", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ Before the game starts, Po (who is now the Dragon Warrior and a Kung Fu master) has a short Kung Fu tutorial with the player, teaching the player some basic moves, like punching and kicking.", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ Then the story of the game starts.", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ The story of the game happens after the events of the 2011 movie of the same name.", "Kung Fu Panda 2 (video game) __knowledge__ Master Po, the rest of the Furious Five, and the villagers celebrate after defeating Lord Shen.", "2011 Southeast Asian Games __knowledge__ The 2011 Southeast Asian Games, officially known as the 26th Southeast Asian Games () was a Southeast Asian multi-sport event held in Jakarta and Palembang, Indonesia.", "2011 Southeast Asian Games __knowledge__ It was Indonesia's fourth time to host the Southeast Asian Games, and its first since 1997.", "2011 Southeast Asian Games __knowledge__ Previously, Indonesia also hosted the 1979 games and the 1989 games.", "2011 Southeast Asian Games __knowledge__ Around 4965 athletes from 11 participating nations participated at the games which featured 545 events in 42 sports.", "2011 Southeast Asian Games __knowledge__ Prior to the games, the capital city of Jakarta has been the host of Southeast Asian Games for three times, namely in 1979, 1987, and 1997, while Palembang is the third SEA Games host city which is not the national capital, after Chiang Mai (1995) and Nakhon Ratchasima (2007), Thailand.", "Komodo (film) __knowledge__ Komodo is a 1999 monster movie directed by Michael Lantieri.", "Komodo (film) __knowledge__ Fifteen-year-old Patrick (Kevin Zegers) has spent many summer holidays with his parents at their cottage on a small island off the coast of South Carolina.", "Komodo (film) __knowledge__ In recent years, a major oil company developed on the island, polluting the local environment and damaging tourism.", "Komodo (film) __knowledge__ At the beginning of the film, a crate of large reptilian looking eggs is accidentally shipped to the island and discarded on the roadside by a driver.", "Komodo (film) __knowledge__ Twenty years later, the Connally family arrive at the island to return to their summer vacation home.", "Komodo (film) __knowledge__ Later during their stay, Patrick ventures out into the long-grass with his dog, Buster, and encounter a strange baby lizard.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Komodo National Park __knowledge__ Komodo National Park is a national park in Indonesia located within the Lesser Sunda Islands in the border region between the provinces of East Nusa Tenggara and West Nusa Tenggara.", "Komodo National Park __knowledge__ The park includes the three larger islands Komodo, Padar and Rinca, and 26 smaller ones, with a total area of 1,733 km (603 km of it land).", "Komodo National Park __knowledge__ The national park was founded in 1980 to protect the Komodo dragon, the world's largest lizard.", "Komodo National Park __knowledge__ Later it was dedicated to protecting other species, including marine species.", "Komodo National Park __knowledge__ In 1991 the national park was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.", "Komodo National Park __knowledge__ Komodo National Park has been selected as one of the New7Wonders of Nature.", "Joan Beauchamp Procter __knowledge__ Joan Beauchamp Procter (5 August 1897 – 20 September 1931) was a notable zoologist, internationally recognised as an outstanding herpetologist.", "Joan Beauchamp Procter __knowledge__ She worked initially at the British Museum (Natural History) and later for the Zoological Society of London, as the first female Curator of Reptiles at London Zoo.", "Joan Beauchamp Procter __knowledge__ Her short life was afflicted by chronic ill-health, but she undertook substantial taxonomic work and made significant innovative contributions to veterinary practice and zoo displays.", "Joan Beauchamp Procter __knowledge__ She also wrote scientific and popular zoological articles, including early accounts of the behaviour of captive Komodo dragons.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ Tourism in Indonesia is an important component of the Indonesian economy as well as a significant source of its foreign exchange revenues.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ The vast country of sprawling archipelago has much to offer, from natural beauty, historical heritage to cultural diversity.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, the direct contribution of travel and tourism to Indonesia's GDP in 2014 was IDR 325,467 billion (US$26,162 million) constituting 3.2% of the total GDP.", "Tourism in Indonesia __knowledge__ By 2019, the Indonesian government wants to have doubled this figure to 8 percent of GDP and the number of visitors needs to double to about 20 million.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Jakarta __knowledge__ Jakarta (, ), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta, is the capital and largest city of Indonesia, which was formerly known as Batavia during Dutch East Indies and Sunda Kelapa during Sunda Kingdom.", "Jakarta __knowledge__ Located on the northwest coast of the world's most populous island of Java, Jakarta is the centre of economics, culture and politics of Indonesia, with a population of 10,075,310 .", "Jakarta __knowledge__ Greater Jakarta metropolitan area, which is known as Jabodetabek (a name formed by combining the initial syllables of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi), is the second largest urban agglomeration and 2nd largest city area in the world after Tokyo, with a population of 30,214,303 inhabitants census.", "List of Animal Mechanicals episodes __knowledge__ This is a complete list of episodes from the animated TV show \"Animal Mechanicals\".", "List of Animal Mechanicals episodes __knowledge__ The Animal Mechanicals go to Turbo Bean Island to plant a Turbo Bean.", "List of Animal Mechanicals episodes __knowledge__ Rex transforms to dig a hole, but then accidentally touches the Turbo Bean when trying to plant it, causing it to grow double turbo blasters and fly into a cog tree, Sasquatch transforms to stretch up and grab the Bean which is stuck in the cog tree, causing it to fly around with Sasquatch.", "List of Animal Mechanicals episodes __knowledge__ Mouse transforms to chase the Bean, but it goes too high for her, and Unicorn transforms to chase the bean down to Mouse.", "List of Animal Mechanicals episodes __knowledge__ When they do manage to plant the Turbo Bean it sprouts a Bean Pole from which more Turbo Beans appear.", "Pindad Komodo __knowledge__ The Komodo is a 4x4 light armoured personnel carrier developed and produced by Pindad.", "Pindad Komodo __knowledge__ The vehicle was developed after Indonesian president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono made a visit to Pindad's main office and asked them to create an indigenous tactical vehicle in order to serve the needs of the Indonesian police and military as an alternative to other 4x4 tactical vehicles such as the Humvee as a personal challenge to the company.", "Pindad Komodo __knowledge__ The vehicle was given its present name by President Yudhoyono after it was unveiled to the public at the 2012 Indo Defence Expo and Forum in Jakarta, Indonesia so that the Komodo can have a strong impression \"at any combat field and could bring the glory for Indonesia." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards are a widespread group of squamate reptiles, with over 6,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most oceanic island chains.", "Lizard __knowledge__ The group is paraphyletic as it excludes the snakes and Amphisbaenia which are also squamates.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards range in size from chameleons and geckos a few centimeters long to the 3 meter long Komodo dragon.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Most lizards are quadrupedal, running with a strong side-to-side motion.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Others are legless, and have long snake-like bodies.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Some such as the forest-dwelling \"Draco\" lizards are able to glide.", "Lizard __knowledge__ They are often territorial, the males fighting off other males and signalling, often with brightly colours, to attract mates and to intimidate rivals.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards are mainly carnivorous, often being sit-and-wait predators; many smaller species eat insects, while the Komodo eats mammals as big as water buffalo.", "Lizard __knowledge__ Lizards make use of a variety of antipredator adaptations, including venom, camouflage, reflex bleeding, and the ability to sacrifice and regrow their tails.", "Lizard __knowledge__ The adult length of species within the suborder ranges from a few centimeters for chameleons such as \"Brookesia micra\" and geckos such as \"Sphaerodactylus ariasae\" to nearly in the case of the largest living varanid lizard, the Komodo dragon.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Steve Davis, (born 22 August 1957) is an English retired professional snooker player from Plumstead, London.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Known for dominating the sport during the 1980s, when he won the World Championship six times and was ranked world number one for seven consecutive seasons, he is remembered particularly for contesting the 1985 World Championship final with Dennis Taylor, the black-ball conclusion of which attracted a record 18.5 million British viewers.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ He is a well known public figure and is generally viewed by his peers as one of the greatest players of all time.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Until his retirement in 2016, Davis combined his ongoing playing career with his role as a television analyst and commentator for the BBC's snooker coverage, alongside being a DJ of electronic music on local radio station Phoenix FM and at the Bloc Weekend music festival.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ Zoe Carpenter is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\", played by Zoë Lister.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ The character first appeared on-screen on 1 September 2006, as one of three new students at Hollyoaks Community College.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ It was announced in 2009 that Lister had quit her role in order to pursue other projects; she subsequently left the series in January 2010.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ During Zoe's time in \"Hollyoaks\" she has been portrayed as a bubbly tomboy who often makes the wrong choices in life and has had a number of failed relationships.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ In March 2017, it was reported that Lister would be reprising the role and it was later confirmed that she would return for Amy Barnes' (Ashley Slanina-Davies) funeral.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ In July 2012, a storyline began in the British soap opera \"EastEnders\" in which the character Kat Moon, played by Jessie Wallace, embarks on an affair behind her husband Alfie Moon's (Shane Richie) back, with an unknown person.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The suspects named were Ray Dixon (Chucky Venn), Michael Moon (Steve John Shepherd), Max Branning (Jake Wood), Derek Branning (Jamie Foreman) and Jack Branning (Scott Maslen).", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Ray was the first suspect to be eliminated, on 7 August, followed by Michael on 14 September.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The mystery man was revealed as Derek in the 20 December episode.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Richie dubbed the storyline \"Who's Been Sleeping with Kat?", "The Americans (2013 TV series) __knowledge__ The Americans is an American period drama television series created by Joe Weisberg for the FX television network.", "The Americans (2013 TV series) __knowledge__ Set in the early 1980s during the Cold War, it is the story of Elizabeth (Keri Russell) and Philip Jennings (Matthew Rhys), two Soviet KGB officers posing as an American married couple living in the Northern Virginia suburbs of Washington, D.C., with their children Paige (Holly Taylor) and Henry (Keidrich Sellati).", "The Americans (2013 TV series) __knowledge__ Their neighbor Stan Beeman (Noah Emmerich) is an FBI agent working in counterintelligence.", "The Americans (2013 TV series) __knowledge__ The series premiered in the United States on January 30, 2013.", "The Americans (2013 TV series) __knowledge__ On May 25, 2016, FX set an end-date for the series by renewing it for a fifth and sixth season.", "Pilot (The Americans) __knowledge__ \"Pilot\" is the first episode of the first season of the period drama television series \"The Americans\".", "Pilot (The Americans) __knowledge__ It originally aired on FX in the United States on January 30, 2013.", "Pilot (The Americans) __knowledge__ The episode was written by series creator Joe Weisberg and directed by Gavin O'Connor.", "Pilot (The Americans) __knowledge__ In 1981, Philip and Elizabeth Jennings (Matthew Rhys and Keri Russell) are undercover Soviet intelligence agents from the secretive Directorate S of the KGB sent to the U.S. 15 years ago to work deep cover in Washington, D.C. Their assumed identities are a married couple who run a travel agency, and even their own children Paige (Holly Taylor) and Henry (Keidrich Sellati) do not know their secret.", "The Americans (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the American television drama series \"The Americans\" premiered on January 30, 2013, and concluded on May 1, 2013.", "The Americans (season 1) __knowledge__ It consisted of 13 episodes, each running approximately 45 minutes in length.", "The Americans (season 1) __knowledge__ FX broadcast the first season on Wednesdays at 10:00 pm in the United States.", "The Americans (season 1) __knowledge__ The series is produced by DreamWorks Television.", "The Americans (season 1) __knowledge__ \"The Americans\" was created by Joe Weisberg.", "The Americans (season 1) __knowledge__ Set during the Cold War period in the 1980s, \"The Americans\" is the story of Elizabeth (Keri Russell) and Philip Jennings (Matthew Rhys), two Soviet KGB officers posing as an American married couple in the suburbs of Washington, D.C., and their neighbor, Stan Beeman (Noah Emmerich), an FBI agent.", "Sleigh Bells (band) __knowledge__ Sleigh Bells is an American noise pop musical duo based in Brooklyn, New York, formed in 2008.", "Sleigh Bells (band) __knowledge__ The duo consists of vocalist Alexis Krauss and guitarist Derek Edward Miller.", "Sleigh Bells (band) __knowledge__ After signing to N.E.E.T.", "Sleigh Bells (band) __knowledge__ Recordings and Mom + Pop Music, Sleigh Bells released their debut album, \"Treats\", in May 2010.", "Sleigh Bells (band) __knowledge__ Their follow-up album, \"Reign of Terror\", was released in February 2012.", "Sleigh Bells (band) __knowledge__ In October 2013, the band released their third album, \"Bitter Rivals\" while their fourth album, \"Jessica Rabbit\", was released in November 2016.", "Sleigh Bells (band) __knowledge__ The two members of Sleigh Bells—Derek Miller and Alexis Krauss—had previous experience performing and touring in a musical ensemble.", "Komodo dragon __knowledge__ The Komodo dragon (\"Varanus komodoensis\"), also known as the Komodo monitor, is a large species of lizard found in the Indonesian islands of Komodo, Rinca, Flores, Gili Motang, and Padar.", "Komodo dragon __knowledge__ A member of the monitor lizard family Varanidae, it is the largest living species of lizard, growing to a maximum length of in rare cases and weighing up to approximately .", "Komodo dragon __knowledge__ Their unusually large size has been attributed to island gigantism, since no other carnivorous animals fill the niche on the islands where they live.", "Komodo dragon __knowledge__ However, recent research suggests the large size of Komodo dragons may be better understood as representative of a relict population of very large varanid lizards that once lived across Indonesia and Australia, most of which, along with other megafauna, died out after the Pleistocene (likely as a result of human activity).", "Tasmanian devil __knowledge__ The Tasmanian devil (\"Sarcophilus harrisii\") is a carnivorous marsupial of the family Dasyuridae.", "Tasmanian devil __knowledge__ It was once native to mainland Australia and is now found in the wild only on the island state of Tasmania, including tiny east-coast Maria Island where there is a conservation project with disease-free animals.", "Tasmanian devil __knowledge__ The size of a small dog, the Tasmanian devil became the largest carnivorous marsupial in the world following the extinction of the thylacine in 1936.", "Tasmanian devil __knowledge__ It is related to quolls and distantly related to the thylacine.", "Tasmanian devil __knowledge__ It is characterised by its stocky and muscular build, black fur, pungent odour, extremely loud and disturbing screech, keen sense of smell, and ferocity when feeding.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ This is a list of creatures in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ To be listed here, creatures must be noted in multiple canonical sources.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ An Acklay is a large non-Sentient creature resembling an Earth's praying mantis.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is a Crustacean.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is equipped with three eyes and six legs with four digits each, the fourth of which terminates in an elongated scythe-like claw and a crest to protect it from air attack.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ As a carnivore, it possesses a mouth full of long, sharp teeth that it uses for catching fish.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It originated on Vendaxa, but has since adapted to other environments such as Felucia and Geonosis.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ Carnivorous plants are plants that derive some or most of their nutrients (but not energy) from trapping and consuming animals or protozoans, typically insects and other arthropods.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ Carnivorous plants have adapted to grow in places where the soil is thin or poor in nutrients, especially nitrogen, such as acidic bogs and rock outcroppings.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ Charles Darwin wrote \"Insectivorous Plants\", the first well-known treatise on carnivorous plants, in 1875.", "Carnivorous plant __knowledge__ True carnivory is thought to have evolved independently nine times in five different orders of flowering plants, and is represented by more than a dozen genera.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear (\"Ursus arctos\") is the most widely distributed bear and is found across much of northern Eurasia and North America.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ It is one of the largest living terrestrial members of the order Carnivora, rivaled in body size only by its close cousin, the polar bear (\"Ursus maritimus\"), which is much less variable in size and slightly larger on average.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear's principal range includes parts of Russia, Central Asia, China, Canada, the United States (mostly Alaska), Scandinavia, and the Carpathian region (especially Romania), Anatolia, and Caucasus.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear is recognized as a national and state animal in several European countries.", "Reptile __knowledge__ Reptiles are tetrapod animals in the class Reptilia, comprising today's turtles, crocodilians, snakes, amphisbaenians, lizards, tuatara, and their extinct relatives.", "Reptile __knowledge__ The study of these traditional reptile orders, historically combined with that of modern amphibians, is called herpetology.", "Reptile __knowledge__ Because some reptiles are more closely related to birds than they are to other reptiles (e.g., crocodiles are more closely related to birds than they are to lizards), the traditional groups of \"reptiles\" listed above do not together constitute a monophyletic grouping (or clade).", "Reptile __knowledge__ For this reason, many modern scientists prefer to consider the birds part of Reptilia as well, thereby making Reptilia a monophyletic class.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ The following is a complete list of creatures from the universe of ITV science fiction television series \"Primeval\" and also any spin-off media, including \"\" (\"PNW\").", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ The series includes various imaginary species which are not native to the series setting, with some being prehistoric and others being futuristic.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ Various creatures were designed with some artistic license, for dramatic effect.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ A number of creatures from the \"Walking with...\" series were also reimagined for dramatic effect.", "List of creatures in Primeval __knowledge__ In 2007 Character Options announced they would create \"Primeval\" action figures, including both a flying Rex and a large plush toy Rex, Future Predators, \"Hesperornis\" and dodos." ] ]

[ 1, 11, 13, 4 ]

[ "Oh yes, but lizard could mean a lot since lizards are a widespread group of squamate reptiles", "Yeah, but not many people keep them as pets due to their size. They mostly reside on the Indonesian islands of Komodo", "Yeah, but they only got that way since no other carnivorous animals fill the niche on the islands where they live.", "Oh yeah, and like most lizards they're also quadrupedal" ]

[ "Lizard", "Lizard", "Lizard", "Lizard" ]

[ "Telecommunication\nI work in telecommunications. Do you know anyone who works in that field?", "Yes it can be a complicated process. Do you know how long it has been around?", "Not that long apparently since the 20th century wasn't that long ago. I enjoy the work though.", "Interesting, I don't know anyone who entertains!", "That is cool Well I hope you learn more about telecommunications one day!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words, writings, images and sounds or information of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ It is transmitted either electrically over physical media, such as cables, or via electromagnetic radiation.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Since the Latin term communicatio is considered the social process of information exchange, the term, telecommunications, is often used in its plural form because it involves many different technologies.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats, lung-blown horns, and loud whistles.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ 20th and 21st century technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical and electromagnetic technologies, such as telegraph, telephone, and teleprinter, networks, radio, microwave transmission, fiber optics, and communications satellites.", "Magical objects in Harry Potter __knowledge__ The following is a list of magical objects used in the \"Harry Potter\" series.", "Magical objects in Harry Potter __knowledge__ In \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\", Hermione Granger creates fake, enchanted Galleons that are used for communication between members of Dumbledore's Army.", "Magical objects in Harry Potter __knowledge__ Like real Galleons, the coins have numerals around the edge; on normal Galleons these serial numbers aren't used the same way the enchanted coins are used, the numbers represent the time and date of the next meeting, and automatically change to match whatever numbers Harry Potter sets on his coin.", "Magical objects in Harry Potter __knowledge__ Due to the coins being infused with a Protean Charm, once Harry Potter alters his, every coin changes to suit.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. (born Floyd Joy Sinclair; February 24, 1977) is an American professional boxing promoter and former professional boxer.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ He competed from 1996 to 2007 and 2009 to 2015, and made a one-fight comeback in 2017.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ During his career, he held multiple world titles in five weight classes and the lineal championship in four weight classes (twice at welterweight), and retired with an undefeated record of 50–0, surpassing Rocky Marciano's record of 49–0.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ As an amateur, Mayweather won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics, three U.S. Golden Gloves championships (at light flyweight, flyweight, and featherweight), and the U.S. national championship at featherweight.", "Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Amendment (Data Retention) Act 2015 __knowledge__ The Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Amendment (Data Retention) Act 2015 is an Australian law that amends the \"Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Act 1979\" (TIA Act) and the \"Telecommunications Act 1997\" to introduce a statutory obligation for Australian telecommunication service providers to retain, for a period of two years, particular types of telecommunications data (metadata) and introduces certain reforms to the regimes applying to the access of stored communications and telecommunications data under the TIA Act.", "Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Amendment (Data Retention) Act 2015 __knowledge__ The Act is the third tranche of national security legislation passed by the Australian Parliament since September 2014.", "List of Coronation Street characters (1960) __knowledge__ Coronation Street is a British television soap opera/serial, initially produced by Granada Television.", "List of Coronation Street characters (1960) __knowledge__ Created by screenwriter Tony Warren, \"Coronation Street\" first broadcast on ITV on 9 December 1960.", "List of Coronation Street characters (1960) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters introduced by Warren upon the series' inception, by order of first appearance.", "List of Coronation Street characters (1960) __knowledge__ These characters included flame-haired siren and series first sex symbol Elsie Tanner (played by Patricia Phoenix), staunch up-tight battleaxe Ena Sharples, (played by Violet Carson), typically middle class town Mayor and publican landlady Annie Walker (played by Doris Speed) and grumpy war veteran Albert Tatlock (played by Jack Howarth) and university graduate Ken Barlow (played by William Roache) - all of whom would go on to star in the series for twenty years or more.", "Neoconservatism and paleoconservatism __knowledge__ This article describes ideological and practical differences between neoconservatism and paleoconservatism, the two branches of the American conservative political movement.", "Neoconservatism and paleoconservatism __knowledge__ Representatives of each faction often argue that the other does not represent true conservatism.", "Neoconservatism and paleoconservatism __knowledge__ Disputed issues include immigration, trade, the United States Constitution, taxation, budget, business, the Federal Reserve, drug policy, foreign aid and the foreign policy of the United States.", "Neoconservatism and paleoconservatism __knowledge__ The phrase \"Paleoconservative\" (\"old conservative\") was originally a tongue-in-cheek rejoinder used in the 1980s to differentiate traditional Conservatives from Neoconservatives and Straussians.", "Genome (novel) __knowledge__ Genome (, Genom) is a science fiction/detective novel by the popular Russian sci-fi writer Sergei Lukyanenko.", "Genome (novel) __knowledge__ The novel began a series also called \"Genome\", consisting of \"Dances on the Snow\" (a prequel, although written later) and \"Cripples\" (a sequel).", "Genome (novel) __knowledge__ The novel explores the problems of the widespread use of human genetic engineering, which alters not only human physiology but also psychology.", "Genome (novel) __knowledge__ The novel takes place in the latter half of the 22nd century.", "Genome (novel) __knowledge__ Humans have left their cradle, colonized numerous extrasolar planets, and made contact with extraterrestrials, or \"aliens\", as most humans call them, even though such term is not considered to be politically correct.", "Double negative __knowledge__ A double negative is a grammatical construction occurring when two forms of negation are used in the same sentence.", "Double negative __knowledge__ Multiple negation is the more general term referring to the occurrence of more than one negative in a clause.", "Double negative __knowledge__ In some languages, double negatives cancel one another and produce an affirmative; in other languages, doubled negatives intensify the negation.", "Double negative __knowledge__ Languages where multiple negatives affirm each other are said to have negative concord or emphatic negation.", "Double negative __knowledge__ Portuguese, Persian, Russian, Spanish, Neapolitan, Italian, Czech, Polish, and some dialects of English are examples of negative-concord languages, while Latin and German do not have negative concord." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words, writings, images and sounds or information of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ It is transmitted either electrically over physical media, such as cables, or via electromagnetic radiation.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Since the Latin term communicatio is considered the social process of information exchange, the term, telecommunications, is often used in its plural form because it involves many different technologies.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats, lung-blown horns, and loud whistles.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ 20th and 21st century technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical and electromagnetic technologies, such as telegraph, telephone, and teleprinter, networks, radio, microwave transmission, fiber optics, and communications satellites.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ U.S.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Senator John McCain (R-AZ), a member of the U.S. Congress since 1983, a two-time U.S. presidential candidate, and the nominee of the Republican Party in the 2008 U.S. Presidential election, has taken positions on many political issues through his public comments, his presidential campaign statements, and his senatorial voting record.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Online, McCain uses his Senate web site and his 2008 campaign web site to describe his political positions.", "Political positions of John McCain __knowledge__ Regarding the general notion of consistency of political positions over time, McCain said in June 2008: \"My principles and my practice and my voting record are very clear.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Sir Jonathan Paul \"Jony\" Ive, (born 27 February 1967), is an English industrial designer who is currently the chief design officer (CDO) of Apple and chancellor of the Royal College of Art in London.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ While working for a design firm in London he was asked by Apple, then a struggling company, to create a look for a new laptop.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ He took the design to Apple and was hired immediately.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive oversees the Apple Industrial Design Group and also provides leadership and direction for Human Interface software teams across the company.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive is the designer of many of Apple's hardware and software products.", "Jonathan Ive __knowledge__ Ive has received a number of accolades for his work.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ Info-gap decision theory is a non-probabilistic decision theory that seeks to optimize robustness to failure – or opportuneness for windfall – under severe uncertainty, in particular applying sensitivity analysis of the stability radius type to perturbations in the value of a given estimate of the parameter of interest.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has some connections with Wald's maximin model; some authors distinguish them, others consider them instances of the same principle.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has been developed since the 1980s by Yakov Ben-Haim, and has found many applications and described as a theory for decision-making under \"\"severe\" uncertainty\".", "XTC __knowledge__ XTC were an English rock band formed in Swindon in 1972 and active until 2006.", "XTC __knowledge__ Led by songwriters Andy Partridge and Colin Moulding, the band gained popularity during the rise of punk and new wave in the 1970s, later playing in a variety of styles that ranged from angular guitar riffs to elaborately arranged pop.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partly because the group did not fit into contemporary trends, they failed to maintain commercial success in the UK and US.", "XTC __knowledge__ They have since attracted a considerable cult following, and are recognised for their influence on Britpop and later power pop acts.", "XTC __knowledge__ Partridge (guitar, vocals) and Moulding (bass, vocals) met at a record store in the early 1970s and subsequently formed a glitter rock outfit with drummer Terry Chambers.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ Nikolas \"Nik\" Wallenda (born January 24, 1979) is an American acrobat, aerialist, daredevil, high wire artist, and author.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ He is known for his high-wire performances without a safety net.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ He holds nine Guinness World Records for various acrobatic feats, but is best known as the first person to walk a tightrope stretched directly over Niagara Falls.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ A seventh-generation member of The Flying Wallendas family, Nik Wallenda participated in various circus acts as a child.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ At age 13, he made his professional tightrope walking debut.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ He chose high-wire walking as his career in 1998, after joining family members in a seven-person pyramid on the wire." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words, writings, images and sounds or information of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ It is transmitted either electrically over physical media, such as cables, or via electromagnetic radiation.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Since the Latin term communicatio is considered the social process of information exchange, the term, telecommunications, is often used in its plural form because it involves many different technologies.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats, lung-blown horns, and loud whistles.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ 20th and 21st century technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical and electromagnetic technologies, such as telegraph, telephone, and teleprinter, networks, radio, microwave transmission, fiber optics, and communications satellites.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk (Oglala Lakota: \"Čhetáŋ Kiŋyáŋ\" in Standard Lakota Orthography; a/k/a Moses Flying Hawk; March 1854 – December 24, 1931) was an Oglala Lakota warrior, historian, educator and philosopher.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Flying Hawk's life chronicles the history of the Oglala Lakota people through the 19th and early 20th centuries, as he fought to deflect the worst effects of white rule; educate his people and preserve sacred Oglala Lakota land and heritage.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ Chief Flying Hawk was a combatant in Red Cloud's War and in nearly all of the fights with the U.S. Army during the Great Sioux War of 1876.", "Flying Hawk __knowledge__ He fought alongside his first cousin Crazy Horse and his brothers Kicking Bear and Black Fox II in the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876, and was present at the death of Crazy Horse in 1877 and the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890.", "Paleontology __knowledge__ Paleontology or palaeontology () is the scientific study of life that existed prior to, and sometimes including, the start of the Holocene Epoch (roughly 11,700 years before present).", "Paleontology __knowledge__ It includes the study of fossils to determine organisms' evolution and interactions with each other and their environments (their paleoecology).", "Paleontology __knowledge__ Paleontological observations have been documented as far back as the 5th century BC.", "Paleontology __knowledge__ The science became established in the 18th century as a result of Georges Cuvier's work on comparative anatomy, and developed rapidly in the 19th century.", "Paleontology __knowledge__ The term itself originates from Greek παλαιός, \"palaios\", \"old, ancient\", ὄν, \"on\" (gen. \"ontos\"), \"being, creature\" and λόγος, \"logos\", \"speech, thought, study\".", "Sculpture __knowledge__ Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ It is one of the plastic arts.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ Durable sculptural processes originally used carving (the removal of material) and modelling (the addition of material, as clay), in stone, metal, ceramics, wood and other materials but, since Modernism, there has been an almost complete freedom of materials and process.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ A wide variety of materials may be worked by removal such as carving, assembled by welding or modelling, or molded, or cast.", "Sculpture __knowledge__ Sculpture in stone survives far better than works of art in perishable materials, and often represents the majority of the surviving works (other than pottery) from ancient cultures, though conversely traditions of sculpture in wood may have vanished almost entirely.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ The history of Australia refers to the history of the area and people of the Commonwealth of Australia and its preceding Indigenous and colonial societies.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ Aboriginal Australians arrived on the Australian mainland by sea from Maritime Southeast Asia between 40,000 and 70,000 years ago.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ The artistic, musical and spiritual traditions they established are among the longest surviving such traditions in human history.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ The first known landing in Australia by Europeans was by Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon in 1606.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ Twenty-nine other Dutch navigators explored the western and southern coasts in the 17th century, and dubbed the continent New Holland.", "Hockey stick controversy __knowledge__ In the hockey stick controversy, the data and methods used in reconstructions of the temperature record of the past 1000 years have been disputed.", "Hockey stick controversy __knowledge__ Reconstructions have consistently shown that the rise in the instrumental temperature record of the past 150 years is not matched in earlier centuries, and the name \"hockey stick graph\" was coined for figures showing a long-term decline followed by an abrupt rise in temperatures.", "Hockey stick controversy __knowledge__ These graphs were publicised to explain the scientific findings of climatology, and in addition to scientific debate over the reconstructions, they have been the topic of political dispute.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience, or gives pleasure and delight.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ It can be an idea or a task, but is more likely to be one of the activities or events that have developed over thousands of years specifically for the purpose of keeping an audience's attention.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ Although people's attention is held by different things, because individuals have different preferences in entertainment, most forms are recognisable and familiar.", "Entertainment __knowledge__ Storytelling, music, drama, dance, and different kinds of performance exist in all cultures, were supported in royal courts, developed into sophisticated forms and over time became available to all citizens.", "21st Century Fox __knowledge__ 21st Century Fox is an American multinational mass media corporation that is based in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.", "21st Century Fox __knowledge__ It is one of two companies formed from the 2013 spin-off of the publishing assets of News Corporation, as founded by Rupert Murdoch in 1979.", "21st Century Fox __knowledge__ 21st Century Fox is the legal successor to News Corporation dealing primarily in the film and television industries.", "21st Century Fox __knowledge__ It is currently the United States third-largest media conglomerate after The Walt Disney Company and Comcast.", "21st Century Fox __knowledge__ The other company, the \"new\" News Corporation, holds Murdoch's print interests and other media assets in Australia (both owned by him and his family via a family trust with 39% controlling interest in each).", "21st Century Breakdown __knowledge__ 21st Century Breakdown is the eighth studio album by American punk rock band Green Day.", "21st Century Breakdown __knowledge__ It is the band's second rock opera, following \"American Idiot\" (2004), and their first album to be produced by Butch Vig.", "21st Century Breakdown __knowledge__ Green Day commenced work on the record in January 2006 and forty-five songs were written by vocalist/guitarist Billie Joe Armstrong by October 2007, but the band members did not enter studio work until January 2008.", "21st Century Breakdown __knowledge__ The album was released May 15, 2009 through Reprise Records.", "21st Century Breakdown __knowledge__ Armstrong has described the album as a \"snapshot of the era in which we live as we question and try to make sense of the selfish manipulation going on around us, whether it be the government, religion, media or frankly any form of authority\".", "21st century skills __knowledge__ 21st century skills comprise skills, abilities, and learning dispositions that have been identified as being required for success in 21st century society and workplaces by educators, business leaders, academics, and governmental agencies.", "21st century skills __knowledge__ This is part of a growing international movement focusing on the skills required for students to master in preparation for success in a rapidly changing, digital society.", "21st century skills __knowledge__ Many of these skills are also associated with deeper learning, which is based on mastering skills such as analytic reasoning, complex problem solving, and teamwork.", "21st century skills __knowledge__ These skills differ from traditional academic skills in that they are not primarily content knowledge-based.", "Effects of global warming __knowledge__ The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases.", "Effects of global warming __knowledge__ There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver.", "Effects of global warming __knowledge__ Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.", "Effects of global warming __knowledge__ Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development.", "Effects of global warming __knowledge__ The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change.", "Proposed acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney __knowledge__ On December 14, 2017, The Walt Disney Company announced its intent to acquire 21st Century Fox.", "Proposed acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney __knowledge__ Under the terms of the agreement, Disney will acquire the Twentieth Century Fox film and TV studios; cable networks including FX Networks, Fox Sports Regional Networks; Fox Networks Group; Indian satellite TV group Star India; and stakes in National Geographic Partners, Hulu, UK based satellite TV group Sky plc and other assets, in exchange for $52.4 billion in stock.", "Proposed acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney __knowledge__ Prior to the completion of the deal, Fox will spin-off Fox News, the Fox Business Network, FS1, FS2, Fox Deportes, the Big Ten Network, the Fox Broadcasting Company, Fox Television Stations, and MyNetworkTV.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Mexico (; ; , ), officially the United Mexican States (, ), is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America.", "Mexico __knowledge__ It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Covering almost two million square kilometers (over 760,000 sq mi), the nation is the sixth largest country in the Americas by total area and the 13th largest independent state in the world.", "Mexico __knowledge__ With an estimated population of over 120 million, the country is the eleventh most populous and the most populous Spanish-speaking state in the world while being the second most populous nation in Latin America." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words, writings, images and sounds or information of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ It is transmitted either electrically over physical media, such as cables, or via electromagnetic radiation.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Since the Latin term communicatio is considered the social process of information exchange, the term, telecommunications, is often used in its plural form because it involves many different technologies.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats, lung-blown horns, and loud whistles.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ 20th and 21st century technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical and electromagnetic technologies, such as telegraph, telephone, and teleprinter, networks, radio, microwave transmission, fiber optics, and communications satellites.", "Magical objects in Harry Potter __knowledge__ The following is a list of magical objects used in the \"Harry Potter\" series.", "Magical objects in Harry Potter __knowledge__ In \"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix\", Hermione Granger creates fake, enchanted Galleons that are used for communication between members of Dumbledore's Army.", "Magical objects in Harry Potter __knowledge__ Like real Galleons, the coins have numerals around the edge; on normal Galleons these serial numbers aren't used the same way the enchanted coins are used, the numbers represent the time and date of the next meeting, and automatically change to match whatever numbers Harry Potter sets on his coin.", "Magical objects in Harry Potter __knowledge__ Due to the coins being infused with a Protean Charm, once Harry Potter alters his, every coin changes to suit.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. (born Floyd Joy Sinclair; February 24, 1977) is an American professional boxing promoter and former professional boxer.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ He competed from 1996 to 2007 and 2009 to 2015, and made a one-fight comeback in 2017.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ During his career, he held multiple world titles in five weight classes and the lineal championship in four weight classes (twice at welterweight), and retired with an undefeated record of 50–0, surpassing Rocky Marciano's record of 49–0.", "Floyd Mayweather Jr. __knowledge__ As an amateur, Mayweather won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics, three U.S. Golden Gloves championships (at light flyweight, flyweight, and featherweight), and the U.S. national championship at featherweight.", "Neoconservatism and paleoconservatism __knowledge__ This article describes ideological and practical differences between neoconservatism and paleoconservatism, the two branches of the American conservative political movement.", "Neoconservatism and paleoconservatism __knowledge__ Representatives of each faction often argue that the other does not represent true conservatism.", "Neoconservatism and paleoconservatism __knowledge__ Disputed issues include immigration, trade, the United States Constitution, taxation, budget, business, the Federal Reserve, drug policy, foreign aid and the foreign policy of the United States.", "Neoconservatism and paleoconservatism __knowledge__ The phrase \"Paleoconservative\" (\"old conservative\") was originally a tongue-in-cheek rejoinder used in the 1980s to differentiate traditional Conservatives from Neoconservatives and Straussians.", "Double negative __knowledge__ A double negative is a grammatical construction occurring when two forms of negation are used in the same sentence.", "Double negative __knowledge__ Multiple negation is the more general term referring to the occurrence of more than one negative in a clause.", "Double negative __knowledge__ In some languages, double negatives cancel one another and produce an affirmative; in other languages, doubled negatives intensify the negation.", "Double negative __knowledge__ Languages where multiple negatives affirm each other are said to have negative concord or emphatic negation.", "Double negative __knowledge__ Portuguese, Persian, Russian, Spanish, Neapolitan, Italian, Czech, Polish, and some dialects of English are examples of negative-concord languages, while Latin and German do not have negative concord.", "List of Coronation Street characters (1960) __knowledge__ Coronation Street is a British television soap opera/serial, initially produced by Granada Television.", "List of Coronation Street characters (1960) __knowledge__ Created by screenwriter Tony Warren, \"Coronation Street\" first broadcast on ITV on 9 December 1960.", "List of Coronation Street characters (1960) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters introduced by Warren upon the series' inception, by order of first appearance.", "List of Coronation Street characters (1960) __knowledge__ These characters included flame-haired siren and series first sex symbol Elsie Tanner (played by Patricia Phoenix), staunch up-tight battleaxe Ena Sharples, (played by Violet Carson), typically middle class town Mayor and publican landlady Annie Walker (played by Doris Speed) and grumpy war veteran Albert Tatlock (played by Jack Howarth) and university graduate Ken Barlow (played by William Roache) - all of whom would go on to star in the series for twenty years or more.", "Genome (novel) __knowledge__ Genome (, Genom) is a science fiction/detective novel by the popular Russian sci-fi writer Sergei Lukyanenko.", "Genome (novel) __knowledge__ The novel began a series also called \"Genome\", consisting of \"Dances on the Snow\" (a prequel, although written later) and \"Cripples\" (a sequel).", "Genome (novel) __knowledge__ The novel explores the problems of the widespread use of human genetic engineering, which alters not only human physiology but also psychology.", "Genome (novel) __knowledge__ The novel takes place in the latter half of the 22nd century.", "Genome (novel) __knowledge__ Humans have left their cradle, colonized numerous extrasolar planets, and made contact with extraterrestrials, or \"aliens\", as most humans call them, even though such term is not considered to be politically correct.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of all 90 television episodes from the British television series \"All Creatures Great and Small\".", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Dates shown are original broadcast dates on BBC One.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The core quartet of characters — James Herriot, Siegfried Farnon, Tristan Farnon and Helen Herriot (née Alderson) — appear, unless otherwise stated.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ James and Siegfried are the only two characters to appear in every episode.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ Tristan appears in 65 episodes, Helen in 87.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The final appearances of regular cast members are also noted.", "List of All Creatures Great and Small episodes __knowledge__ The opening credits, filmed in 1977 for the first three series, feature Siegfried and James driving around the Dales and, at one point, sharing a laugh in the car.", "Diff utility __knowledge__ In computing, the diff utility is a data comparison tool that calculates and displays the differences between two files.", "Diff utility __knowledge__ Unlike edit distance notions used for other purposes, diff is line-oriented rather than character-oriented, but it is like Levenshtein distance in that it tries to determine the smallest set of deletions and insertions to create one file from the other.", "Diff utility __knowledge__ The diff command displays the changes made in a standard format, such that both humans and machines can understand the changes and apply them: given one file and the changes, the other file can be created.", "Diff utility __knowledge__ Typically, diff is used to show the changes between two versions of the same file.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ Stanley Kirk Burrell (born March 30, 1962), better known by his stage name MC Hammer, is an American hip hop recording artist, dancer, record producer and entrepreneur.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ He had his greatest commercial success and popularity from the late 1980s, until the early 1990s.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ Remembered for his rapid rise to fame, Hammer is known for hit records (such as \"U Can't Touch This\" and \"2 Legit 2 Quit\"), flashy dance movements, choreography and eponymous Hammer pants.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ A multi-award winner, M.C.", "MC Hammer __knowledge__ Hammer is considered a \"forefather/pioneer\" and innovator of pop rap (incorporating elements of ), and is the first hip hop artist to achieve diamond status for an album.", "Representation theory of diffeomorphism groups __knowledge__ In mathematics, a source for the representation theory of the group of diffeomorphisms of a smooth manifold \"M\" is the initial observation that (for \"M\" connected) that group acts transitively on \"M\".", "Representation theory of diffeomorphism groups __knowledge__ A survey paper from 1975 of the subject by Anatoly Vershik, Israel Gelfand and M. I. Graev attributes the original interest in the topic to research in theoretical physics of the local current algebra, in the preceding years.", "Representation theory of diffeomorphism groups __knowledge__ Research on the \"finite configuration\" representations was in papers of R. S. Ismagilov (1971), and A.", "Representation theory of diffeomorphism groups __knowledge__ A. Kirillov (1974).", "Representation theory of diffeomorphism groups __knowledge__ The representations of interest in physics are described as a cross product \"C\"(\"M\")·Diff(\"M\").", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Full Sail University __knowledge__ Full Sail University is an American private, for-profit university in Winter Park, Florida.", "Full Sail University __knowledge__ The school was founded in 1979 in Dayton, Ohio, as Full Sail Recording Workshop.", "Full Sail University __knowledge__ Full Sail relocated to Florida in 1980, adding video production and film production courses and, with the move in 1989 to its current campus, expanded its curriculum to include other entertainment and media-related areas of study.", "Full Sail University __knowledge__ Full Sail began offering online degrees in 2007.", "Full Sail University __knowledge__ The school is partly owned by TA Associates, a private equity firm.", "Full Sail University __knowledge__ Full Sail is not regionally accredited, but is nationally accredited by the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges (ACCSC) to award associate's, bachelor's degrees, and master's degrees in audio, film, design, computer animation, business, and other fields.", "Diff'rent Strokes __knowledge__ Diff'rent Strokes is an American sitcom that aired on NBC from November 3, 1978, to May 4, 1985, and on ABC from September 27, 1985, to March 7, 1986.", "Diff'rent Strokes __knowledge__ The series stars Gary Coleman and Todd Bridges as Arnold and Willis Jackson, two African American boys from Harlem who are taken in by a rich white Park Avenue businessman and widower named Phillip Drummond (Conrad Bain) and his daughter Kimberly (Dana Plato), for whom their deceased mother previously worked.", "Diff'rent Strokes __knowledge__ During the first season and first half of the second season, Charlotte Rae also starred as the Drummonds' housekeeper, Mrs. Garrett (who ultimately spun off into her own successful sitcom, \"The Facts of Life\").", "James T. Aubrey __knowledge__ James Thomas Aubrey Jr. (December 14, 1918 – September 3, 1994) was an American television and film executive.", "James T. Aubrey __knowledge__ President of the CBS television network from 1959 to 1965, he put some of television's most enduring series on the air, including \"Gilligan's Island\" and \"The Beverly Hillbillies\".", "James T. Aubrey __knowledge__ Under Aubrey, CBS dominated American television the way General Motors and General Electric dominated their industries.", "James T. Aubrey __knowledge__ \"The New York Times Magazine\" in 1964 called Aubrey \"a master of programming whose divinations led to successes that are breathtaking\".", "James T. Aubrey __knowledge__ Aubrey replaced CBS Television president Louis Cowan, who was slowly dismissed after the quiz show scandals." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words, writings, images and sounds or information of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ It is transmitted either electrically over physical media, such as cables, or via electromagnetic radiation.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Since the Latin term communicatio is considered the social process of information exchange, the term, telecommunications, is often used in its plural form because it involves many different technologies.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats, lung-blown horns, and loud whistles.", "Telecommunication __knowledge__ 20th and 21st century technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical and electromagnetic technologies, such as telegraph, telephone, and teleprinter, networks, radio, microwave transmission, fiber optics, and communications satellites.", "Cool Well __knowledge__ Cool Well is a historic home located near Mechanicsville, Hanover County, Virginia.", "Cool Well __knowledge__ It was built in 1834–1835, and is a small, 1 1/2-story, frame Tidewater cottage in the Federal style.", "Cool Well __knowledge__ The house sits on a brick foundation and has a gable roof with dormers.", "Cool Well __knowledge__ It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "North Korea __knowledge__ North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (abbreviated as DPRK or DPR Korea), is a sovereign state in East Asia constituting the northern part of the Korean Peninsula.", "North Korea __knowledge__ Pyongyang is the nation's capital and largest city.", "North Korea __knowledge__ To the north and northwest, the country is bordered by China and by Russia along the Amnok (known as the Yalu in China) and Tumen rivers; it is bordered to the south by South Korea, with the heavily fortified Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) separating the two.", "North Korea __knowledge__ Nevertheless, North Korea, like its southern counterpart, claims to be the legitimate government of the entire peninsula.", "Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Amendment (Data Retention) Act 2015 __knowledge__ The Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Amendment (Data Retention) Act 2015 is an Australian law that amends the \"Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Act 1979\" (TIA Act) and the \"Telecommunications Act 1997\" to introduce a statutory obligation for Australian telecommunication service providers to retain, for a period of two years, particular types of telecommunications data (metadata) and introduces certain reforms to the regimes applying to the access of stored communications and telecommunications data under the TIA Act.", "Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Amendment (Data Retention) Act 2015 __knowledge__ The Act is the third tranche of national security legislation passed by the Australian Parliament since September 2014.", "Data center __knowledge__ A data center is a facility used to house computer systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems.", "Data center __knowledge__ It generally includes redundant or backup power supplies, redundant data communications connections, environmental controls (e.g.", "Data center __knowledge__ air conditioning, fire suppression) and various security devices.", "Data center __knowledge__ A large data center is an industrial-scale operation using as much electricity as a small town.", "Data center __knowledge__ Data centers have their roots in the huge computer rooms of the 1940s, typified by ENIAC, one of the earliest examples of a data center.", "Data center __knowledge__ Early computer systems, complex to operate and maintain, required a special environment in which to operate.", "National broadband plan __knowledge__ Broadband is a term normally considered to be synonymous with a high-speed connection to the internet.", "National broadband plan __knowledge__ Suitability for certain applications, or technically a certain quality of service, is often assumed.", "National broadband plan __knowledge__ For instance, low round trip delay (or \"latency\" in milliseconds) would normally be assumed to be well under 150ms and suitable for Voice over IP, online gaming, financial trading especially arbitrage, virtual private networks and other latency-sensitive applications.", "National broadband plan __knowledge__ This would rule out satellite Internet as inherently high-latency.", "National broadband plan __knowledge__ In some applications, utility-grade reliability (measured for example in seconds per 30 years outage time as in the PSTN network) or security (say AES-128 as required for smart grid applications in the US) are often also assumed or defined as requirements.", "BT Group __knowledge__ BT Group plc (trading as BT and formerly British Telecom) is a holding company which owns British Telecommunications plc, a British multinational telecommunications company with head offices in London, United Kingdom.", "BT Group __knowledge__ It has operations in around 180 countries and is the largest provider of fixed-line, mobile and broadband services in the UK, and also provides subscription television and IT services.", "BT Group __knowledge__ BT's origins date back to the founding of the Electric Telegraph Company in 1846 which developed a nationwide communications network.", "BT Group __knowledge__ In 1912, the General Post Office, a government department, became the monopoly telecoms supplier in the United Kingdom.", "Diff'rent Strokes __knowledge__ Diff'rent Strokes is an American sitcom that aired on NBC from November 3, 1978, to May 4, 1985, and on ABC from September 27, 1985, to March 7, 1986.", "Diff'rent Strokes __knowledge__ The series stars Gary Coleman and Todd Bridges as Arnold and Willis Jackson, two African American boys from Harlem who are taken in by a rich white Park Avenue businessman and widower named Phillip Drummond (Conrad Bain) and his daughter Kimberly (Dana Plato), for whom their deceased mother previously worked.", "Diff'rent Strokes __knowledge__ During the first season and first half of the second season, Charlotte Rae also starred as the Drummonds' housekeeper, Mrs. Garrett (who ultimately spun off into her own successful sitcom, \"The Facts of Life\").", "Dana Plato __knowledge__ Dana Michelle Plato (born Dana Michelle Strain; November 7, 1964 – May 8, 1999) was an American actress who was notable for having played the role of Kimberly Drummond on the U.S. television sitcom \"Diff'rent Strokes\", from 1978 to 1986.", "Dana Plato __knowledge__ After leaving the cast of \"Diff'rent Strokes\", Plato attempted to establish herself as a working actress, with mixed success: she worked sporadically in made-for-TV movies and in independent films, and did voice-over work.", "Dana Plato __knowledge__ At the age of 34, after years of struggling with poverty and substance abuse, Plato died from an overdose of prescription drugs.", "Dana Plato __knowledge__ Plato was born Dana Michelle Strain on November 7, 1964 in Huntington Park, California, to Linda Strain, an unwed teenager who was already caring for an 18-month-old child.", "The Facts of Life (TV series) __knowledge__ The Facts of Life is an American sitcom and a spin-off of \"Diff'rent Strokes\" that originally aired on NBC from August 24, 1979 to May 7, 1988, making it one of the longest-running sitcoms of the 1980s.", "The Facts of Life (TV series) __knowledge__ The series focuses on Edna Garrett (Charlotte Rae) as she becomes a housemother (and after the second season, a dietitian as well) at the fictional Eastland School, an all-female boarding school in Peekskill, New York.", "The Facts of Life (TV series) __knowledge__ A spin-off of \"Diff'rent Strokes\", the series featured the Drummonds' former housekeeper, Edna Garrett (Charlotte Rae) becoming the housemother of a dormitory at Eastland School, a private all-girls school.", "List of Diff'rent Strokes characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the NBC and ABC sitcom \"Diff'rent Strokes\".", "List of Diff'rent Strokes characters __knowledge__ Phillip Drummond is a fictional character on the hit television series, \"Diff'rent Strokes\".", "List of Diff'rent Strokes characters __knowledge__ He was portrayed by Emmy Award-nominee and Golden Globe-winning television actor, Conrad Bain, who previously worked on the All in the Family spinoff \"Maude\" (1972–1978).", "List of Diff'rent Strokes characters __knowledge__ Phillip is a friendly, wealthy white widower, who runs \"Trans-Allied, Incorporated.\"", "List of Diff'rent Strokes characters __knowledge__ He was born December 3, 1931 in Manhattan, New York.", "List of Diff'rent Strokes characters __knowledge__ (This made him Conrad Bain's junior by eight years.)", "List of Diff'rent Strokes characters __knowledge__ Phillip has a daughter, Kimberly, and two adopted African American sons, Willis and his younger brother Arnold Jackson.", "Gary Coleman __knowledge__ Gary Wayne Coleman (February 8, 1968 – May 28, 2010) was an American actor, best known for his role as Arnold Jackson in \"Diff'rent Strokes\" (1978–1986).", "Gary Coleman __knowledge__ He was described in the 1980s as \"one of television's most promising stars\".", "Gary Coleman __knowledge__ After a successful childhood acting career, Coleman struggled financially later in life.", "Gary Coleman __knowledge__ In 1989, he successfully sued his parents and business adviser over misappropriation of his assets, only to declare bankruptcy a decade later.", "Gary Coleman __knowledge__ On May 28, 2010, Coleman died of an epidural hematoma at age 42.", "Gary Coleman __knowledge__ Gary Wayne Coleman was born in Zion, Illinois, outside Chicago, on February 8, 1968.", "List of The Facts of Life characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the NBC sitcom \"The Facts of Life\".", "List of The Facts of Life characters __knowledge__ Edna Ann Garrett Gaines, known as Mrs. Garrett or Mrs. G, was played by actress Charlotte Rae from 1978 to 1986.", "List of The Facts of Life characters __knowledge__ Garrett was the youngest child in a large family, born and raised on a farm near Appleton, Wisconsin.", "List of The Facts of Life characters __knowledge__ Her exact age was never disclosed during the series, but on several occasions, it was hinted or implied that she was somewhere in her fifties.", "List of The Facts of Life characters __knowledge__ On \"Diff'rent Strokes\", she was the housekeeper to the Drummond family in New York City after Willis and Arnold's mom Lucy (the Drummonds' original housekeeper) died.", "Webster (TV series) __knowledge__ Webster is an American sitcom that aired on ABC from September 16, 1983 to May 8, 1987 and in first-run syndication from September 21, 1987 to March 10, 1989.", "Webster (TV series) __knowledge__ The series was created by Stu Silver.", "Webster (TV series) __knowledge__ The show stars Emmanuel Lewis in the title role as a young boy who, after losing his parents, is adopted by his NFL-pro godfather, portrayed by Alex Karras, and his new socialite wife, played by Susan Clark.", "Webster (TV series) __knowledge__ The focus was largely on how this impulsively married couple had to adjust to their new lives and sudden parenthood, but it was the congenial Webster himself who drove much of the plot.", "Webster (TV series) __knowledge__ The series was produced by Georgian Bay Ltd., Emmanuel Lewis Entertainment Enterprises, Inc. (1986–1989) and Paramount Television (Network 1983–1987, Domestic 1987–1989)." ] ]

[ 1, 8, 43, 69, 8 ]

[ "I do not know anyone who works inthis field. Ive studied a little bit and I know that telecomm. is a way of sending words, pictures, sounds or any kind of info by wire, radio or other eletromagnetic systems.", "I do not know how long it has been around. I know its been used in the 20th and 21st century", "Im into the entertainment business I guess you can say, there are so many diff. forms of entertainment, i can please everyone.", "I think I was motivated by watching Diff'rent strokes when I was a kid. Its ana merican show. It aired from 1978-1985. It was around for a while.", "I will def. look into it! thank you. there are so many diff. types of communications and sorts." ]

[ "Telecommunication", "Telecommunication", "Telecommunication", "Telecommunication", "Telecommunication" ]

[ "Animal shelter", "I do not know much about it, but those type of shelter carries a lot of species or just dogs?", "and they are free of diseases?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A \"no-kill\" shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals even when the shelter is full, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals or those considered dangerous to public safety.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expanding its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ A no-kill or limited admit shelter is a shelter that saves healthy, treatable and rehabilitatable animals.", "No-kill shelter __knowledge__ As a benchmark, at least 90% of the animals entering the shelter are expected to be saved.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ The North Carolina Animal Protection Act aims to protect pets and their owners in North Carolina.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ This legislation models the Animal Welfare Act of 1966 and can be found in the North Carolina General Statutes under Chapter 19A: Protection Of Animals, Article 3, consisting of six articles.", "North Carolina Animal Protection Act __knowledge__ It aims (i) to protect the owners of dogs and cats from the theft of such pets; (ii) to prevent the sale or use of stolen pets; (iii) to insure that animals, as items of commerce, are provided humane care and treatment by regulating the transportation, sale, purchase, housing, care, handling and treatment of such animals by persons or organizations engaged in transporting, buying, or selling them for such use; (iv) to insure that animals confined in pet shops, kennels, animal shelters and auction markets are provided humane care and treatment; (v) to prohibit the sale, trade or adoption of those animals which show physical signs of infection, communicable disease, or congenital abnormalities, unless veterinary care is assured subsequent to sale, trade or adoption.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), based in Washington, D.C., is an American nonprofit organization founded by journalist Fred Myers and Helen Jones, Larry Andrews, and Marcia Glaser in 1954, to address what they saw as animal-related cruelties of national scope, and to resolve animal welfare problems by applying strategies beyond the resources or abilities of local organizations.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Chronicle of Philanthropy\" identified HSUS as the 136th largest charity in the United States in its Philanthropy 400 listing.", "The Humane Society of the United States __knowledge__ As of 2001, the group's major campaigns targeted five issues: factory farming, animal fighting, the fur trade, puppy mills, and wildlife abuse.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Overpopulation in domestic pets refers to a surplus of domestic animals, such as cats, dogs, and exotic animals.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ In the United States, a 6 to 8 million animals are brought to shelters each year, of which an estimated 3 to 4 million are subsequently euthanized, including 2.7 million considered healthy and adoptable.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Euthanasia numbers have declined from the 1970s, when U.S. shelters euthanized an estimated 12 to 20 million animals.", "Overpopulation in domestic pets __knowledge__ Most humane societies, animal shelters and rescue groups urge animal caregivers to have their animals spayed or neutered to prevent the births of unwanted and accidental litters that could contribute to this dynamic.", "Animal Care Centers of NYC __knowledge__ Animal Care Centers of NYC (ACC), formerly known as Animal Care & Control of NYC, is a not-for-profit corporation that was formed for the purpose of providing animal care and control services in New York City.", "Animal Care Centers of NYC __knowledge__ ACC was created in 1994 to assume the responsibilities of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), after the ASPCA decided not to renew its contract to run New York City’s animal shelter system.", "Animal Care Centers of NYC __knowledge__ ACC entered into its own contract with the New York City Department of Health (DOH), and on January 1, 1995, followed the ASPCA as New York City’s provider of animal care and control services." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ An animal shelter or pound is a place where stray, lost, abandoned or surrendered animals, mostly dogs and cats, and sometimes sick or wounded wildlife are kept and rehabilitated.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ While no-kill shelters exist, it is sometimes policy to euthanize sick animals, and any animal that is not claimed quickly enough by a previous or new owner.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In Europe, of 30 countries included in a survey, all but four (Czech republic, Germany, Greece, and Italy) permitted the killing of healthy stray dogs.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Critics believe the new term \"animal shelter\" is generally a euphemism for the older term \"pound\".", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The word \"pound\" had its origins in the animal pounds of agricultural communities, where stray livestock would be penned or impounded until claimed by their owners.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ Some shelters even have sick tropical animals.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ In the United States there is no government-run organization that provides oversight or regulation of the various shelters on a national basis.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ However, many individual states do regulate shelters within their jurisdiction.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ One of the earliest comprehensive measures was the \"Georgia Animal Protection Act\" of 1986.", "Animal shelter __knowledge__ The law was enacted in response to the inhumane treatment of companion animals by a pet store chain in Atlanta.", "Neglected tropical diseases __knowledge__ Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a diverse group of tropical infections which are especially common in low-income populations in developing regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas.", "Neglected tropical diseases __knowledge__ They are caused by a variety of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, protozoa and helminths.", "Neglected tropical diseases __knowledge__ These diseases are contrasted with the big three diseases (HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria), which generally receive greater treatment and research funding.", "Neglected tropical diseases __knowledge__ In sub-Saharan Africa, the effect of these diseases as a group is comparable to malaria and tuberculosis.", "Neglected tropical diseases __knowledge__ NTD co-infection can also make HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis more deadly.", "Plasma cell dyscrasia __knowledge__ Plasma cell dyscrasias (also termed plasma cell disorders and plasma cell proliferative diseases) are a spectrum of progressively more severe monoclonal gammopathies in which a clone or multiple clones of pre-malignant or malignant plasma cells (sometimes in association with lymphoplasmacytoid cells or B lymphocytes) over-produce and secrete into the blood stream a myeloma protein, i.e.", "Plasma cell dyscrasia __knowledge__ an abnormal monoclonal antibody or portion thereof.", "Plasma cell dyscrasia __knowledge__ The exception to this rule is the disorder termed non-secretory multiple myeloma; this disorder is a form of plasma cell dyscrasia in which no myeloma protein is detected in serum or urine (at least as determined by conventional laboratory methods) of individuals who have clear evidence of an increase in clonal bone marrow plasma cells and/or evidence of clonal plasma cell-mediated tissue injury (e.g.", "Diseases of poverty __knowledge__ Diseases of poverty is a term sometimes used to collectively describe diseases, disabilities, and health conditions that are more prevalent among the poor than among wealthier people.", "Diseases of poverty __knowledge__ In many cases poverty is considered the leading risk factor or determinant for such diseases, and in some cases the diseases themselves are identified as barriers to economic development that would end poverty.", "Diseases of poverty __knowledge__ Diseases of poverty are often co-morbid and ubiquitous with malnutrition.", "Diseases of poverty __knowledge__ These diseases triggered in part by poverty are in contrast to so-called \"diseases of affluence\", which are diseases thought to be a result of increasing wealth in a society.", "Social history of viruses __knowledge__ The social history of viruses describes the influence of viruses and viral infections on human history.", "Social history of viruses __knowledge__ Epidemics caused by viruses began when human behaviour changed during the Neolithic period, around 12,000 years ago, when humans developed more densely populated agricultural communities.", "Social history of viruses __knowledge__ This allowed viruses to spread rapidly and subsequently to become endemic.", "Social history of viruses __knowledge__ Viruses of plants and livestock also increased, and as humans became dependent on agriculture and farming, diseases such as potyviruses of potatoes and rinderpest of cattle had devastating consequences.", "Social history of viruses __knowledge__ Smallpox and measles viruses are among the oldest that infect humans.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ European diseases and epidemics pervade many aspects of Native American life, both throughout history and in the present day.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ Diseases and epidemics can be chronicled from centuries ago when European settlers brought forth diseases that devastated entire tribes.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ This has even led to affect modern day Native Americans who continue to face serious struggles with particular diseases.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ The current crises in diseases and epidemics are addressed by many different groups, both governmental and independent, and is done through a multitude of programs.", "Native American disease and epidemics __knowledge__ The arrival of Europeans also brought on the Columbian Exchange.", "National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases __knowledge__ The National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) is one of the institutes and centers that make up the National Institutes of Health, an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).", "National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases __knowledge__ NIH is the primary federal agency that conducts and supports basic, clinical and translational medical research.", "National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases __knowledge__ The institute investigates the prevention, diagnosis, causes, treatments and cures (PDCTC) for both common and rare diseases.", "National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases __knowledge__ NIAMS' mission is to support research into arthritis, musculoskeletal and skin diseases PDCTC; the training of basic and clinical scientists to carry out this research; and the dissemination of information on research progress in these diseases.", "Hygiene hypothesis __knowledge__ In medicine, the hygiene hypothesis is a hypothesis that states a lack of early childhood exposure to infectious agents, symbiotic microorganisms (such as the gut flora or probiotics), and parasites increases susceptibility to allergic diseases by suppressing the natural development of the immune system.", "Hygiene hypothesis __knowledge__ In particular, the lack of exposure is thought to lead to defects in the establishment of immune tolerance.", "Hygiene hypothesis __knowledge__ The hygiene hypothesis has also been called the \"biome depletion theory\" and the \"lost friends theory\".", "Hygiene hypothesis __knowledge__ The original formulation of the hygiene hypothesis dates from 1989 when David Strachan proposed that lower incidence of infection in early childhood could be an explanation for the rapid 20th century rise in allergic diseases such as asthma and hay fever.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ The New Guinea singing dog or New Guinea Highland dog (\"Canis lupus dingo\") is a type of dog native to the New Guinea Highlands of the island of New Guinea.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ The dog is noted for its unique vocalization.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ Some experts have referred to it as a wild dog, but others disagree.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ Little is known about New Guinea singing dogs in the wild and there are only two photographs of wild sightings: one taken in 1989 and published by Australian mammalogist Tim Flannery, and the other taken in August 2012 by wilderness adventure guide, Tom Hewett in the Star Mountains region of West Papua.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ In 2016, the New Guinea Highland Wild Dog Foundation announced to the media that it and the University of Papua had located and photographed a group of fifteen \"highland wild dogs\".", "Animal psychopathology __knowledge__ Animal psychopathology is the study of mental or behavioral disorders in animals.", "Animal psychopathology __knowledge__ Historically, there has been an anthropocentric tendency to emphasize the study of animal psychopathologies as models for human mental illnesses.", "Animal psychopathology __knowledge__ But animal psychopathologies can, from an evolutionary point of view, be more properly regarded as non-adaptive behaviors due to some sort of a cognitive disability, emotional impairment or distress.", "Animal psychopathology __knowledge__ This article provides a non-exhaustive list of animal psychopathologies.", "Animal psychopathology __knowledge__ Animals in the wild appear to be relatively free from eating disorders although their body composition fluctuates depending on seasonal and reproductive cycles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ A dingo–dog hybrid is a cross between a dingo and a domestic dog.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ The current population of free ranging domestic dogs in Australia is now probably higher than in the past.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ However, the proportion of the so-called \"pure\" dingoes (dogs with exclusively dingo-ancestry) has been in the decrease over the last few decades due to hybridisation and is regarded as further decreasing.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ Because of this ongoing interbreeding of dingoes and other domestic dogs and the resulting hybrids, there is a much wider range of colours and body shapes today among the Australian wild dog population than in the time before the human introduction of domestic dogs.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white." ] ]

[ 1, 25, 19 ]

[ "Hey, I work in an animal shelter - do you know anything about animal shelters?", "Yes we have plenty of species of dogs, most of them are very social and friendly.", "Some of the dogs are sick and have some disabilities, but many are healthy and looking for an adoptive family." ]

[ "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter", "Animal shelter" ]

[ "Hoarding", "Aren't you concerned about her health?", "Good lord. What are some other factors that can lead to hoarding? It sounds like a form of OCD." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarding is a behavior where people or animals accumulate food or other items.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ \"Hoarding\" and \"caching\" are common behaviors in many bird species as well as in rodents.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Most animal caches are of food.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ However, some birds will also stingily collect other items, especially if the birds are pets.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Magpies are infamous for hoarding items such as money and jewelry.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ (Contrary to popular belief, research suggests magpies are no more attracted to shiny things than other kinds of items.)", "Hoarding __knowledge__ One theory suggests that human hoarding may be related to animal hoarding behavior, but substantial evidence is lacking.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Civil unrest or natural disaster may lead people to hoard foodstuffs, water, gasoline and other essentials that they believe, rightly or wrongly, will soon be in short supply.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Survivalists, also known as preppers, often stockpile large supplies of these items in anticipation of a large-scale disaster event.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarders are people who lose the desire to throw away unneeded items because of a feeling of attachment to these items.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Compulsive hoarders will equate certain, usually mundane, objects to their own personal identity or even give them certain human characteristics.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ In severe cases, houses belonging to such people may become a fire hazard (due to blocked exits and stacked papers) or a health hazard (due to vermin infestation, excreta and detritus from excessive pets, hoarded food and garbage or the risk of stacks of items collapsing on the occupants and blocking exit routes)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarding is a behavior where people or animals accumulate food or other items.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ \"Hoarding\" and \"caching\" are common behaviors in many bird species as well as in rodents.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Most animal caches are of food.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ However, some birds will also stingily collect other items, especially if the birds are pets.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Magpies are infamous for hoarding items such as money and jewelry.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ (Contrary to popular belief, research suggests magpies are no more attracted to shiny things than other kinds of items.)", "Hoarding __knowledge__ One theory suggests that human hoarding may be related to animal hoarding behavior, but substantial evidence is lacking.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Civil unrest or natural disaster may lead people to hoard foodstuffs, water, gasoline and other essentials that they believe, rightly or wrongly, will soon be in short supply.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Survivalists, also known as preppers, often stockpile large supplies of these items in anticipation of a large-scale disaster event.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarders are people who lose the desire to throw away unneeded items because of a feeling of attachment to these items.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Compulsive hoarders will equate certain, usually mundane, objects to their own personal identity or even give them certain human characteristics.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ In severe cases, houses belonging to such people may become a fire hazard (due to blocked exits and stacked papers) or a health hazard (due to vermin infestation, excreta and detritus from excessive pets, hoarded food and garbage or the risk of stacks of items collapsing on the occupants and blocking exit routes).", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ The radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster are the observed and predicted effects resulting from the release of radioactive isotopes from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ Radioactive isotopes were released from reactor containment vessels as a result of venting to reduce gaseous pressure, and the discharge of coolant water into the sea.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ This resulted in Japanese authorities implementing a 20 km exclusion zone around the power plant, and the continued displacement of approximately 156,000 people as of early 2013.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ Trace quantities of radioactive particles from the incident, including iodine-131 and caesium-134/137, have since been detected around the world.", "Occupational safety and health __knowledge__ Occupational safety and health (OSH), also commonly referred to as occupational health and safety (OHS), occupational health, or workplace health and safety (WHS), is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the safety, health, and welfare of people at work.", "Occupational safety and health __knowledge__ These terms also refer to the goals of this field, so their use in the sense of this article was originally an abbreviation of \"occupational safety and health program/department\" etc.", "Occupational safety and health __knowledge__ The goals of occupational safety and health programs include to foster a safe and healthy work environment.", "Occupational safety and health __knowledge__ OSH may also protect co-workers, family members, employers, customers, and many others who might be affected by the workplace environment.", "Health psychology __knowledge__ Health psychology is the study of psychological and behavioral processes in health, illness, and healthcare.", "Health psychology __knowledge__ It is concerned with understanding how psychological, behavioral, and cultural factors contribute to physical health and illness.", "Health psychology __knowledge__ Psychological factors can affect health directly.", "Health psychology __knowledge__ For example, chronically occurring environmental stressors affecting the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, cumulatively, can harm health.", "Health psychology __knowledge__ Behavioral factors can also affect a person's health.", "Health psychology __knowledge__ For example, certain behaviors can, over time, harm (smoking or consuming excessive amounts of alcohol) or enhance health (engaging in exercise).", "Electronic health record __knowledge__ An electronic health record (EHR), or electronic medical record (EMR), is the systematized collection of patient and population electronically-stored health information in a digital format.", "Electronic health record __knowledge__ These records can be shared across different health care settings.", "Electronic health record __knowledge__ Records are shared through network-connected, enterprise-wide information systems or other information networks and exchanges.", "Electronic health record __knowledge__ EHRs may include a range of data, including demographics, medical history, medication and allergies, immunization status, laboratory test results, radiology images, vital signs, personal statistics like age and weight, and billing information.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, often shortened to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or nicknamed Obamacare, is a United States federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ The term \"Obamacare\" was first used by opponents, then reappropriated by supporters, and eventually used by President Obama himself.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 amendment, it represents the U.S. healthcare system's most significant regulatory overhaul and expansion of coverage since the passage of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ Genetically modified food controversies are disputes over the use of foods and other goods derived from genetically modified crops instead of conventional crops, and other uses of genetic engineering in food production.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ The disputes involve consumers, farmers, biotechnology companies, governmental regulators, non-governmental organizations, and scientists.", "Genetically modified food controversies __knowledge__ The key areas of controversy related to genetically modified food (GM food or GMO food) are whether such food should be labeled, the role of government regulators, the objectivity of scientific research and publication, the effect of genetically modified crops on health and the environment, the effect on pesticide resistance, the impact of such crops for farmers, and the role of the crops in feeding the world population.", "Health insurance __knowledge__ Health insurance is insurance that covers the whole or a part of the risk of a person incurring medical expenses, spreading the risk over a large number of persons.", "Health insurance __knowledge__ By estimating the overall risk of health care and health system expenses over the risk pool, an insurer can develop a routine finance structure, such as a monthly premium or payroll tax, to provide the money to pay for the health care benefits specified in the insurance agreement.", "Health insurance __knowledge__ The benefit is administered by a central organization such as a government agency, private business, or not-for-profit entity.", "Health insurance __knowledge__ According to the Health Insurance Association of America, health insurance is defined as \"coverage that provides for the payments of benefits as a result of sickness or injury.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Animal hoarding is keeping a higher-than-usual number of animals as domestic pets without ability to properly house or care for them, while at the same time denying this inability.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Compulsive hoarding can be characterized as a symptom of mental disorder rather than deliberate cruelty towards animals.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarders are deeply attached to their pets and find it extremely difficult to let the pets go.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ They typically cannot comprehend that they are harming their pets by failing to provide them with proper care.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarders tend to believe that they provide the right amount of care for them.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals provides a \"Hoarding Prevention Team\", which works with hoarders to help them attain a manageable and healthy number of pets.", "Compulsive hoarding __knowledge__ Compulsive hoarding, also known as hoarding disorder, is a pattern of behavior that is characterized by excessive acquisition and an inability or unwillingness to discard large quantities of objects that cover the living areas of the home and cause significant distress or impairment.", "Compulsive hoarding __knowledge__ Compulsive hoarding behavior has been associated with health risks, impaired functioning, economic burden, and adverse effects on friends and family members.", "Compulsive hoarding __knowledge__ When clinically significant enough to impair functioning, hoarding can prevent typical uses of space, enough so that it can limit activities such as cooking, cleaning, moving through the house, and sleeping.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Hoarders __knowledge__ Hoarders is an American reality television series that debuted on A&E.", "Hoarders __knowledge__ The show depicts the real-life struggles and treatment of people who suffer from compulsive hoarding disorder.", "Hoarders __knowledge__ The series premiered on August 17, 2009 and concluded its original run on February 4, 2013, after six seasons.", "Hoarders __knowledge__ Over a year after the program's original cancellation in 2013, Lifetime began airing a series of weekly \"Where Are They Now?\"", "Hoarders __knowledge__ episodes on June 2, 2014.", "Hoarders __knowledge__ This led to the production of a seventh season, Hoarders: Family Secrets, which aired on Lifetime from May 28, 2015 to July 30, 2015.", "Hoarders __knowledge__ The program returned to A&E for an eighth season which began on January 3, 2016." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarding is a behavior where people or animals accumulate food or other items.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ \"Hoarding\" and \"caching\" are common behaviors in many bird species as well as in rodents.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Most animal caches are of food.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ However, some birds will also stingily collect other items, especially if the birds are pets.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Magpies are infamous for hoarding items such as money and jewelry.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ (Contrary to popular belief, research suggests magpies are no more attracted to shiny things than other kinds of items.)", "Hoarding __knowledge__ One theory suggests that human hoarding may be related to animal hoarding behavior, but substantial evidence is lacking.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Civil unrest or natural disaster may lead people to hoard foodstuffs, water, gasoline and other essentials that they believe, rightly or wrongly, will soon be in short supply.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Survivalists, also known as preppers, often stockpile large supplies of these items in anticipation of a large-scale disaster event.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarders are people who lose the desire to throw away unneeded items because of a feeling of attachment to these items.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ Compulsive hoarders will equate certain, usually mundane, objects to their own personal identity or even give them certain human characteristics.", "Hoarding __knowledge__ In severe cases, houses belonging to such people may become a fire hazard (due to blocked exits and stacked papers) or a health hazard (due to vermin infestation, excreta and detritus from excessive pets, hoarded food and garbage or the risk of stacks of items collapsing on the occupants and blocking exit routes).", "Obsessive–compulsive disorder __knowledge__ Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental disorder where people feel the need to check things repeatedly, perform certain routines repeatedly (called \"rituals\"), or have certain thoughts repeatedly.", "Obsessive–compulsive disorder __knowledge__ People are unable to control either the thoughts or the activities for more than a short period of time.", "Obsessive–compulsive disorder __knowledge__ Common activities include hand washing, counting of things, and checking to see if a door is locked.", "Obsessive–compulsive disorder __knowledge__ Some may have difficulty throwing things out.", "Obsessive–compulsive disorder __knowledge__ These activities occur to such a degree that the person's daily life is negatively affected.", "Obsessive–compulsive disorder __knowledge__ Often they take up more than an hour a day.", "Obsessive–compulsive disorder __knowledge__ Most adults realize that the behaviors do not make sense.", "Compulsive hoarding __knowledge__ Compulsive hoarding, also known as hoarding disorder, is a pattern of behavior that is characterized by excessive acquisition and an inability or unwillingness to discard large quantities of objects that cover the living areas of the home and cause significant distress or impairment.", "Compulsive hoarding __knowledge__ Compulsive hoarding behavior has been associated with health risks, impaired functioning, economic burden, and adverse effects on friends and family members.", "Compulsive hoarding __knowledge__ When clinically significant enough to impair functioning, hoarding can prevent typical uses of space, enough so that it can limit activities such as cooking, cleaning, moving through the house, and sleeping.", "Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder __knowledge__ Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is a personality disorder characterized by a general pattern of concern with orderliness, perfectionism, excessive attention to details, mental and interpersonal control, and a need for control over one's environment, at the expense of flexibility, openness to experience, and efficiency.", "Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder __knowledge__ Workaholism and miserliness are also seen often in those with this personality disorder.", "Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder __knowledge__ Persons affected with this disorder may find it hard to relax, always feeling that time is running out for their activities, and that more effort is needed to achieve their goals.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Animal hoarding is keeping a higher-than-usual number of animals as domestic pets without ability to properly house or care for them, while at the same time denying this inability.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Compulsive hoarding can be characterized as a symptom of mental disorder rather than deliberate cruelty towards animals.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarders are deeply attached to their pets and find it extremely difficult to let the pets go.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ They typically cannot comprehend that they are harming their pets by failing to provide them with proper care.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ Hoarders tend to believe that they provide the right amount of care for them.", "Animal hoarding __knowledge__ The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals provides a \"Hoarding Prevention Team\", which works with hoarders to help them attain a manageable and healthy number of pets.", "Cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder __knowledge__ The cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder is concerned with identifying the biological risk factors involved in the expression of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptomology.", "Cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder __knowledge__ The leading hypotheses propose the involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and/or the limbic system, with discoveries being made in the fields of neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, neuroimmunology, neurogenetics, and neuroethology.", "Cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder __knowledge__ Although there has been substantial debate regarding the assessment of OCD, current research has gravitated toward structural and functional neuroimaging.", "Cause of obsessive-compulsive disorder __knowledge__ These technological innovations have provided a better understanding of the neuroanatomical risk factors of OCD.", "Jonathan Abramowitz __knowledge__ Jonathan (\"Jon\") Stuart Abramowitz (born 1969, Baltimore MD) is an American clinical psychologist and Professor in the Department of Psychology and Neuroscience at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH).", "Jonathan Abramowitz __knowledge__ He is an internationally recognized authority on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and anxiety disorders whose work is influential and highly cited.", "Jonathan Abramowitz __knowledge__ He maintains an active research lab and serves as the Director of the UNC-CH Anxiety and Stress Disorders Clinic.", "Jonathan Abramowitz __knowledge__ Abramowitz approaches the understanding and treatment of psychological problems from a cognitive-behavioral perspective.", "Osteochondritis dissecans __knowledge__ Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD or OD) is a joint disorder in which cracks form in the articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone.", "Osteochondritis dissecans __knowledge__ OCD usually causes pain and swelling of the affected joint which catches and locks during movement.", "Osteochondritis dissecans __knowledge__ Physical examination typically reveals an effusion, tenderness, and a crackling sound with joint movement.", "Osteochondritis dissecans __knowledge__ OCD is caused by blood deprivation in the subchondral bone.", "Osteochondritis dissecans __knowledge__ This loss of blood flow causes the subchondral bone to die in a process called avascular necrosis.", "Osteochondritis dissecans __knowledge__ The bone is then reabsorbed by the body, leaving the articular cartilage it supported prone to damage.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ The effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida were the costliest in the state's history.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ Hurricane Irma developed from a tropical wave near the Cape Verde Islands on August 30.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ The storm quickly became a hurricane on August 31 and then a major hurricane shortly thereafter, but would oscillate in intensity over the next few days.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ By September 4, Irma resumed strengthening, and became a powerful Category 5 hurricane on the following day.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ The cyclone then struck Sint Maarten and the British Virgin Islands on September 6 and later crossed Little Inagua in the Bahamas on September 8.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ Irma briefly weakened to a Category 4, but re-intensified into a Category 5 hurricane before making landfall in the Sabana-Camagüey Archipelago of Cuba.", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Food waste __knowledge__ Food waste or food loss is food that is discarded or lost uneaten.", "Food waste __knowledge__ The causes of food waste or loss are numerous, and occur at the stages of production, processing, retailing and consumption.", "Food waste __knowledge__ Global food loss and waste amounts to between one-third and one-half of all food produced.", "Food waste __knowledge__ Loss and wastage occurs at all stages of the food supply chain or value chain.", "Food waste __knowledge__ In low-income countries, most loss occurs during production, while in developed countries much food – about per person per year – is wasted at the consumption stage.", "Food waste __knowledge__ Generally, food loss or food waste is food that is lost during any of the four stages of the food supply chain: (1) growers, (2) processors, (3) retailers, and (4) consumers." ] ]

[ 8, 12, 20 ]

[ "I've recently tried to become an expert on hoarding, since my mom apparently has become one. It was really interesting to find out that natural disasters can lead to people becoming hoarders, and I think that's what happened to her with the last hurricane.", "Absolutely, especially because hoarders can make their homes into fire hazards what with all the blocked exists. This is not to mention the vermin infestations, or the waste from the animals she's collecting.. I'm worried about the common problem of stacks of things possibly falling onto her, as well.", "You're absolutely right, it is. Excessive acquisition of items, and the inability/unwillingness to get rid of the large amassed amount of things they collect, is a pattern of behavior that comes about because it apparently causes them distress/impairment to lose these things. It's not just health risks... She's dealt with the common economic burden and loss of family/friends wanting to deal with her, which often happens to hoarders" ]

[ "Hoarding", "Hoarding", "Hoarding" ]

[ "Equestrianism", "That's interesting! Do you ride horses?", "That sounds awesome! Do you use any special equipment like a saddle?", "Cool! I've been to a few horse races before - have you ever raced horses?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Equestrianism (from Latin equester, equestr-, equus, \"horseman\", \"horse\"), more often known as riding, horse riding (British English) or horseback riding (American English), refers to the skill of riding, driving, steeplechasing or vaulting with horses.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ This broad description includes the use of horses for practical working purposes, transportation, recreational activities, artistic or cultural exercises and competitive sport.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Horses are trained and ridden for practical working purposes such as in police work or for controlling herd animals on a ranch.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ They are also used in competitive sports including, but not limited to, dressage, endurance riding, eventing, reining, show jumping, tent pegging, vaulting, polo, horse racing, driving and rodeo (See additional equestrian sports listed later in this article for more examples).", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Some popular forms of competition are grouped together at horse shows, where horses perform in a wide variety of disciplines.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Horses (and other equids such as mules) are used for non-competitive recreational riding such as fox hunting, trail riding or hacking.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ There is public access to horse trails in almost every part of the world; many parks, ranches and public stables offer both guided and independent riding." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Equestrianism (from Latin equester, equestr-, equus, \"horseman\", \"horse\"), more often known as riding, horse riding (British English) or horseback riding (American English), refers to the skill of riding, driving, steeplechasing or vaulting with horses.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ This broad description includes the use of horses for practical working purposes, transportation, recreational activities, artistic or cultural exercises and competitive sport.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Horses are trained and ridden for practical working purposes such as in police work or for controlling herd animals on a ranch.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ They are also used in competitive sports including, but not limited to, dressage, endurance riding, eventing, reining, show jumping, tent pegging, vaulting, polo, horse racing, driving and rodeo (See additional equestrian sports listed later in this article for more examples).", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Some popular forms of competition are grouped together at horse shows, where horses perform in a wide variety of disciplines.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Horses (and other equids such as mules) are used for non-competitive recreational riding such as fox hunting, trail riding or hacking.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ There is public access to horse trails in almost every part of the world; many parks, ranches and public stables offer both guided and independent riding.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ A cowboy is an animal herder who tends cattle on ranches in North America, traditionally on horseback, and often performs a multitude of other ranch-related tasks.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ The historic American cowboy of the late 19th century arose from the \"vaquero\" traditions of northern Mexico and became a figure of special significance and legend.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ A subtype, called a wrangler, specifically tends the horses used to work cattle.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ In addition to ranch work, some cowboys work for or participate in rodeos.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ Cowgirls, first defined as such in the late 19th century, had a less-well documented historical role, but in the modern world have established the ability to work at virtually identical tasks and obtained considerable respect for their achievements.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ The first use of horses in warfare occurred over 5,000 years ago.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of horses ridden in warfare dates from Eurasia between 4000 and 3000 BC.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ A Sumerian illustration of warfare from 2500 BC depicts some type of equine pulling wagons.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ By 1600 BC, improved harness and chariot designs made chariot warfare common throughout the Ancient Near East, and the earliest written training manual for war horses was a guide for training chariot horses written about 1350 BC.", "Horses in warfare __knowledge__ As formal cavalry tactics replaced the chariot, so did new training methods, and by 360 BC, the Greek cavalry officer Xenophon had written an extensive treatise on horsemanship.", "Ahmed Zayat __knowledge__ Ahmed Zayat (born August 31, 1962) is an Egyptian American entrepreneur and owner of Thoroughbred race horses.", "Ahmed Zayat __knowledge__ He currently serves as the CEO of Zayat Stables, LLC, a Thoroughbred horse racing business which bred and owns the 2015 Triple Crown winner American Pharoah.", "Ahmed Zayat __knowledge__ Joe Drape of \"The New York Times\" described Zayat as \"controversial\" and \"one of the most successful and flamboyant owners in thoroughbred racing.\"", "Ahmed Zayat __knowledge__ Zayat was born in Cairo, Egypt to a wealthy family, and grew up in an ethnically-diverse neighborhood where he learned to ride horses.", "Ahmed Zayat __knowledge__ At age 18, he moved to the United States where he attended college and ultimately obtained a master's degree in business and public health from Boston University.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ Joseph Mercer, OBE (born 25 October 1934) is a retired English thoroughbred race horse jockey.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He was active as a jockey from 1947 to 1985 and rode a total of 2,810 winners in Britain.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ Mercer's nickname was \"Smokin' Joe\".", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He was apprenticed to trainer Frederick Sneyd and won his first British Classic race while still an apprentice on Ambiguity in the 1953 Epsom Oaks.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He was British flat racing Champion Apprentice twice, in 1952 and 1953.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ He subsequently worked as stable jockey for Jack Colling, Dick Hern, Henry Cecil and Peter Walwyn.", "Joe Mercer (jockey) __knowledge__ During his spell at Cecil's yard he won his only British flat racing Champion Jockey's title in 1979.", "Gary Cooper __knowledge__ Gary Cooper (born Frank James Cooper; May 7, 1901 – May 13, 1961) was an American film actor known for his natural, authentic, and understated acting style and screen performances.", "Gary Cooper __knowledge__ His career spanned thirty-five years, from 1925 to 1960, and included leading roles in eighty-four feature films.", "Gary Cooper __knowledge__ He was a major movie star from the end of the silent film era through to the end of the golden age of Classical Hollywood.", "Gary Cooper __knowledge__ His screen persona appealed strongly to both men and women, and his range of performances included roles in most major movie genres.", "Gary Cooper __knowledge__ Cooper's ability to project his own personality onto the characters he played contributed to his appearing natural and authentic on screen.", "Kathryn Kusner __knowledge__ Kathryn \"Kathy\" Kusner (born March 21, 1940) is an American equestrian and Olympic medalist in show jumping.", "Kathryn Kusner __knowledge__ She was one of the first woman who rode for the United States Equestrian Team (USET), the first licensed female jockey, and the first American woman to win an Olympic medal in equestrian competition.", "Kathryn Kusner __knowledge__ Kathryn \"Kathy\" Kusner was born in Gainesville, Florida on March 21, 1940.", "Kathryn Kusner __knowledge__ Her mother was a teacher and her father was a pilot in the Air Force.", "Kathryn Kusner __knowledge__ She grew up with a natural affinity for horses, searching for them in fields throughout her childhood days.", "Kathryn Kusner __knowledge__ When she first saw a horse show, she immediately knew that she wanted to ride horses for the rest of her life.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse (\"Equus ferus caballus\") is one of two extant subspecies of \"Equus ferus\".", "Horse __knowledge__ It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, \"Eohippus\", into the large, single-toed animal of today.", "Horse __knowledge__ Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses in the subspecies \"caballus\" are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses.", "Horse __knowledge__ These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.", "Horse welfare __knowledge__ Equine welfare describes the acceptable conditions of life and use for domesticated horses, in contrast to suffering produced by voluntary or involuntary actions of others, whether through physical abuse, mutilation, neglect, or other forms of ill treatment.", "Horse welfare __knowledge__ Debates about the welfare and abuse of horses are recent.", "Horse welfare __knowledge__ In the nineteenth century, when the sight of a horse dying while working was commonplace, the first wave of awareness was born with the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and the publication of the novel \"Black Beauty\" in England.", "Horse welfare __knowledge__ France followed suit with the creation of the French League for the Protection of the Horse and the passage of the Grammont Law in 1850.", "Trail riding __knowledge__ Trail riding is riding outdoors on trails, bridle paths, and forest roads, but not on roads regularly used by motorised traffic.", "Trail riding __knowledge__ A trail ride can be of any length, including a long distance, multi-day trip.", "Trail riding __knowledge__ It originated with horse riding, and in North America, the equestrian form is usually called \"trail riding,\" or, less often \"hacking.\"", "Trail riding __knowledge__ In the UK and Europe, the practice is usually called horse or pony trekking.", "Trail riding __knowledge__ The modern term also encompasses mountain biking, mixed terrain cycle-touring, and the use of motorcycles and other motorized all-terrain vehicles.", "Trail riding __knowledge__ It may be informal activities of an individual or small group, or larger events organized by a club.", "Finnhorse __knowledge__ The Finnhorse or Finnish Horse (, literally \"horse of Finland\"; nickname: \"Suokki\", or , literally \"finnish cold-blood\") is a horse breed with both riding horse and draught horse influences and characteristics, and is the only breed developed fully in Finland.", "Finnhorse __knowledge__ In English it is sometimes called the Finnish Universal, as the Finns consider the breed capable of fulfilling all of Finland's horse needs, including agricultural and forestry work, harness racing, and riding.", "Finnhorse __knowledge__ In 2007, the breed was declared the official national horse breed of Finland.", "Finnhorse __knowledge__ The Finnhorse is claimed to be among the fastest and most versatile \"coldblood\" breeds in the world.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Horses in the Middle Ages differed in size, build and breed from the modern horse, and were, on average, smaller.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ They were also more central to society than their modern counterparts, being essential for war, agriculture, and transport.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Consequently, specific types of horse developed, many of which have no modern equivalent.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ While an understanding of modern horse breeds and equestrianism is vital for any analysis of the medieval horse, researchers also need to consider documentary (both written and pictorial) and archaeological evidence.", "Horses in the Middle Ages __knowledge__ Horses in the Middle Ages were rarely differentiated by breed, but rather by use." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Equestrianism (from Latin equester, equestr-, equus, \"horseman\", \"horse\"), more often known as riding, horse riding (British English) or horseback riding (American English), refers to the skill of riding, driving, steeplechasing or vaulting with horses.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ This broad description includes the use of horses for practical working purposes, transportation, recreational activities, artistic or cultural exercises and competitive sport.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Horses are trained and ridden for practical working purposes such as in police work or for controlling herd animals on a ranch.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ They are also used in competitive sports including, but not limited to, dressage, endurance riding, eventing, reining, show jumping, tent pegging, vaulting, polo, horse racing, driving and rodeo (See additional equestrian sports listed later in this article for more examples).", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Some popular forms of competition are grouped together at horse shows, where horses perform in a wide variety of disciplines.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Horses (and other equids such as mules) are used for non-competitive recreational riding such as fox hunting, trail riding or hacking.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ There is public access to horse trails in almost every part of the world; many parks, ranches and public stables offer both guided and independent riding.", "Saddle __knowledge__ The saddle is a supportive structure for a rider or other load, fastened to an animal's back by a girth.", "Saddle __knowledge__ The most common type is the equestrian saddle designed for a horse, but specialized saddles have been created for camels and other creatures.", "Saddle __knowledge__ It is not known precisely when riders first began to use some sort of padding or protection, but a blanket attached by some form of surcingle or girth was probably the first \"saddle,\" followed later by more elaborate padded designs.", "Saddle __knowledge__ The solid saddle tree was a later invention, and though early stirrup designs predated the invention of the solid tree, the paired stirrup, which attached to the tree, was the last element of the saddle to reach the basic form that is still used today.", "English saddle __knowledge__ English saddles are used to ride horses in English riding disciplines throughout the world.", "English saddle __knowledge__ The discipline is not limited to England, the United Kingdom in general or other English-speaking countries.", "English saddle __knowledge__ This style of saddle is used in all of the Olympic and International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI) equestrian disciplines, except for the newly approved FEI events of equestrian vaulting and reining.", "English saddle __knowledge__ Most designs were specifically developed to allow the horse freedom of movement, whether jumping, running, or moving quickly across rugged, broken country with fences.", "English saddle __knowledge__ Unlike the western saddle or Australian Stock Saddle, there is no horn or other design elements that stick out above the main tree of the saddle.", "Goalkeeper __knowledge__ In many team sports which involve scoring goals, the goalkeeper (termed goaltender, netminder, goalie or keeper in some sports) is a designated player charged with directly preventing the opposing team from scoring by intercepting shots at goal.", "Goalkeeper __knowledge__ Such positions exist in hurling, association football, Gaelic football, international rules football, handball, field hockey, ice hockey, water polo, bandy, rink bandy, lacrosse, floorball and other sports.", "Goalkeeper __knowledge__ Usually special rules apply to the goalkeeper that do not apply to other players.", "Goalkeeper __knowledge__ These rules are often instituted to protect the goalkeeper, being an obvious target for dangerous or even violent actions.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The safety of underwater diving depends on four factors: the environment, the equipment, behaviour of the individual diver and performance of the dive team.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The underwater environment can impose severe physical and psychological stress on a diver, and is mostly beyond the diver's control.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Equipment is used to operate underwater for anything beyond very short periods, and the reliable function of some of the equipment is critical to even short term survival.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ Other equipment allows the diver to operate in relative comfort and efficiency.", "Diving safety __knowledge__ The performance of the individual diver depends on learned skills, many of which are not intuitive, and the performance of the team depends on communication and common goals.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ Western saddles are used for western riding and are the saddles used on working horses on cattle ranches throughout the United States, particularly in the west.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ They are the \"cowboy\" saddles familiar to movie viewers, rodeo fans, and those who have gone on trail rides at guest ranches.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ This saddle was designed to provide security and comfort to the rider when spending long hours on a horse, traveling over rugged terrain.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ The design of the Western saddle derives from the saddles of the Mexican \"vaqueros\" - the early horse trainers and cattle handlers of Mexico and the American Southwest.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ It was developed for the purpose of working cattle across vast areas, and came from a combination of the saddles used in the two main styles of horseback riding then practiced in Spain — \"la jineta\", the Moorish style which allowed great freedom of movement to the horse; and \"la estradiota\", later \"la brida\", the jousting style, which provided great security to the rider and strong control of the horse.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ A bass amplifier or \"bass amp\" is a musical instrument electronic device that uses electrical power to make lower-pitched instruments such as the bass guitar or double bass loud enough to be heard by the performers and audience.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ Bass amps typically consist of a preamplifier, tone controls, a power amplifier and one or more loudspeakers (\"drivers\") in a cabinet.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ While bass amps share many features with the guitar amplifiers used for electric guitar, such as providing an amplifier with tone and volume controls and a carrying handle, they are distinct from other types of amplification systems, due to the particular challenges associated with low-frequency sound reproduction.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ A cowboy is an animal herder who tends cattle on ranches in North America, traditionally on horseback, and often performs a multitude of other ranch-related tasks.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ The historic American cowboy of the late 19th century arose from the \"vaquero\" traditions of northern Mexico and became a figure of special significance and legend.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ A subtype, called a wrangler, specifically tends the horses used to work cattle.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ In addition to ranch work, some cowboys work for or participate in rodeos.", "Cowboy __knowledge__ Cowgirls, first defined as such in the late 19th century, had a less-well documented historical role, but in the modern world have established the ability to work at virtually identical tasks and obtained considerable respect for their achievements.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse (\"Equus ferus caballus\") is one of two extant subspecies of \"Equus ferus\".", "Horse __knowledge__ It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae.", "Horse __knowledge__ The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, \"Eohippus\", into the large, single-toed animal of today.", "Horse __knowledge__ Humans began to domesticate horses around 4000 BC, and their domestication is believed to have been widespread by 3000 BC.", "Horse __knowledge__ Horses in the subspecies \"caballus\" are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses.", "Horse __knowledge__ These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski's horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ Horses play a large role in the daily and national life of the Mongols; it is traditionally said that \"A Mongol without a horse is like a bird without the wings.\"", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ Elizabeth Kendall, who travelled through Mongolia in 1911, observed, \"To appreciate the Mongol you must see him on horseback,—and indeed you rarely see him otherwise, for he does not put foot to ground if he can help it.", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ The Mongol without his pony is only half a Mongol, but with his pony he is as good as two men.", "Horse culture in Mongolia __knowledge__ It is a fine sight to see him tearing over the plain, loose bridle, easy seat, much like the Western cowboy, but with less sprawl.\"", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ The Phantom Stallion books, first published in 2002 by Avon Books, are a series written for young adult readers by American Terri Farley.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ The main character is a girl named Samantha \"Sam\" Forster who shares a unique bond with a wild horse called The Phantom Stallion.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ Having spent two years away from her family's Las Vegas, Nevada ranch to recover from a riding accident, Sam returns home to find that things are never easy where horses are concerned.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ There are 24 books in the series with one million copies sold worldwide.", "The Phantom Stallion __knowledge__ Almost every book has a new equine character as its focus and Sam and her friends battle horse thieves, cougars, earthquakes and more to keep their horses safe.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ The Arabian or Arab horse ( , DMG \"ḥiṣān ʿarabī\") is a breed of horse that originated on the Arabian Peninsula.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ With a distinctive head shape and high tail carriage, the Arabian is one of the most easily recognizable horse breeds in the world.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ It is also one of the oldest breeds, with archaeological evidence of horses in the Middle East that resemble modern Arabians dating back 4,500 years.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ Throughout history, Arabian horses have spread around the world by both war and trade, used to improve other breeds by adding speed, refinement, endurance, and strong bone.", "Arabian horse __knowledge__ Today, Arabian bloodlines are found in almost every modern breed of riding horse.", "Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range __knowledge__ The Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range is a refuge for a historically significant herd of free-roaming Mustangs, feral horses colloquially called \"wild horses\", located in the Pryor Mountains of Montana and Wyoming in the United States.", "Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range __knowledge__ The range has an area of and was established in 1968 along the Montana–Wyoming border as the first protected refuge dedicated exclusively for Mustangs.", "Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range __knowledge__ It was the second feral horse refuge in the United States.", "Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range __knowledge__ About a quarter of the refuge lies within the Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area.", "Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range __knowledge__ A group of federal agencies, led by the Bureau of Land Management, administers the range." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Equestrianism (from Latin equester, equestr-, equus, \"horseman\", \"horse\"), more often known as riding, horse riding (British English) or horseback riding (American English), refers to the skill of riding, driving, steeplechasing or vaulting with horses.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ This broad description includes the use of horses for practical working purposes, transportation, recreational activities, artistic or cultural exercises and competitive sport.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Horses are trained and ridden for practical working purposes such as in police work or for controlling herd animals on a ranch.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ They are also used in competitive sports including, but not limited to, dressage, endurance riding, eventing, reining, show jumping, tent pegging, vaulting, polo, horse racing, driving and rodeo (See additional equestrian sports listed later in this article for more examples).", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Some popular forms of competition are grouped together at horse shows, where horses perform in a wide variety of disciplines.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ Horses (and other equids such as mules) are used for non-competitive recreational riding such as fox hunting, trail riding or hacking.", "Equestrianism __knowledge__ There is public access to horse trails in almost every part of the world; many parks, ranches and public stables offer both guided and independent riding.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse racing is an equestrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys or driven over a set distance for competition.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ It is one of the most ancient of all sports and its basic premise – to identify which of two or more horses is the fastest over a set course or distance – has remained unchanged since the earliest times.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Horse races vary widely in format.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Often, countries have developed their own particular horse racing traditions.", "Horse racing __knowledge__ Variations include restricting races to particular breeds, running over obstacles, running over different distances, running on different track surfaces and running in different gaits.", "Wyatt Earp __knowledge__ Wyatt Berry Stapp Earp (March 19, 1848 – January 13, 1929) was an American Old West gambler, a deputy sheriff in Pima County, and deputy town marshal in Tombstone, Arizona Territory, who took part in the Gunfight at the O.K.", "Wyatt Earp __knowledge__ Corral, during which lawmen killed three outlaw cowboys.", "Wyatt Earp __knowledge__ He is often mistakenly regarded as the central figure in the shootout in Tombstone, although his brother Virgil was Tombstone city marshal and deputy U.S. marshal that day, and had far more experience as a sheriff, constable, marshal, and soldier in combat.", "Wyatt Earp __knowledge__ Earp lived a restless life.", "Wyatt Earp __knowledge__ He was at different times a constable, city policeman, county sheriff, deputy U.S. marshal, teamster, buffalo hunter, bouncer, saloon-keeper, gambler, brothel keeper, miner, and boxing referee.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ Horse racing is the second largest spectator sport in Great Britain, and one of the longest established, with a history dating back many centuries.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ It generates over £3.7 billion for the British economy, and the major horseracing events such as Royal Ascot and Cheltenham Festival are important dates in the British and international sporting and society calendar.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ The sport has taken place in the country since Roman times and many of the sport's traditions and rules originated there.", "Horseracing in Great Britain __knowledge__ The Jockey Club, established in 1750, codified the Rules of Racing and one of its members, Admiral Rous laid the foundations of the handicapping system for horse racing, including the weight-for-age scale.", "Jockey Club of Turkey __knowledge__ Jockey Club of Turkey (TJK) was founded on 2 November 1950.", "Jockey Club of Turkey __knowledge__ The club was recognized as public benefit society by the resolution of Council of Ministers in 1953 and named as Jockey club of Turkey by adding the Turkey afterwards the club’s name.", "Jockey Club of Turkey __knowledge__ It is the only institution authorized to conduct horse races and organize mutual betting.", "Jockey Club of Turkey __knowledge__ Jockey Club of Turkey has been conducting horse races and organizing mutual betting since 3 October 1953 by the power given by Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock.", "Jockey Club of Turkey __knowledge__ Purposes of Jockey Club of Turkey can be summarized as below: Today’s organized horse races as today were conducted in Izmir on 23 September 1856 for the first time.", "Kenneth and Sarah Ramsey __knowledge__ Kenneth L. \"Ken\" Ramsey (born 1935) and Sarah Kathern \"Kitten\" Ramsey (born February 5, 1939) are horse breeders and owners of Thoroughbred race horses.", "Kenneth and Sarah Ramsey __knowledge__ They have multiple graded stakes winners, three Breeders' Cup winners, and the Ramseys themselves have won multiple Eclipse Awards for outstanding owner and breeder.", "Kenneth and Sarah Ramsey __knowledge__ Ken and Sarah own Ramsey Farm, a 1,200 acre horse breeding operation in Nicholasville, Kentucky, and have raced horses at tracks throughout the United States.", "Kenneth and Sarah Ramsey __knowledge__ Many of their race horses have names incorporating the word \"Kitten\", Ken's nickname for Sarah Ramsey, used as the inspiration for the name of their leading stallion, Kitten's Joy, a successful racehorse in longer races on turf racetracks.", "Thoroughbred __knowledge__ The Thoroughbred is a horse breed best known for its use in horse racing.", "Thoroughbred __knowledge__ Although the word \"thoroughbred\" is sometimes used to refer to any breed of purebred horse, it technically refers only to the Thoroughbred breed.", "Thoroughbred __knowledge__ Thoroughbreds are considered \"hot-blooded\" horses that are known for their agility, speed, and spirit.", "Thoroughbred __knowledge__ The Thoroughbred as it is known today was developed in 17th- and 18th-century England, when native mares were crossbred with imported Oriental stallions of Arabian, Barb, and Turkoman breeding.", "Thoroughbred __knowledge__ All modern Thoroughbreds can trace their pedigrees to three stallions originally imported into England in the 17th century and 18th century and to a larger number of foundation mares of mostly English breeding.", "Horse racing in the United States __knowledge__ Horse racing in the United States dates back to 1665, which saw the establishment of the Newmarket course in Salisbury, New York, a section of what is now known as the Hempstead Plains of Long Island, New York.", "Horse racing in the United States __knowledge__ This first racing meet in North America was supervised by New York's colonial governor, Richard Nicolls.", "Horse racing in the United States __knowledge__ The area is now occupied by the present Nassau County, New York, region of Greater Westbury and East Garden City.", "Horse racing in the United States __knowledge__ Horse racing remains a popular sport throughout the United States.", "Horse racing in the United States __knowledge__ In 1665, the first racetrack was constructed on Long Island.", "Horse racing in the United States __knowledge__ It is the oldest Thoroughbred race in North America.", "Saddle __knowledge__ The saddle is a supportive structure for a rider or other load, fastened to an animal's back by a girth.", "Saddle __knowledge__ The most common type is the equestrian saddle designed for a horse, but specialized saddles have been created for camels and other creatures.", "Saddle __knowledge__ It is not known precisely when riders first began to use some sort of padding or protection, but a blanket attached by some form of surcingle or girth was probably the first \"saddle,\" followed later by more elaborate padded designs.", "Saddle __knowledge__ The solid saddle tree was a later invention, and though early stirrup designs predated the invention of the solid tree, the paired stirrup, which attached to the tree, was the last element of the saddle to reach the basic form that is still used today.", "English saddle __knowledge__ English saddles are used to ride horses in English riding disciplines throughout the world.", "English saddle __knowledge__ The discipline is not limited to England, the United Kingdom in general or other English-speaking countries.", "English saddle __knowledge__ This style of saddle is used in all of the Olympic and International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI) equestrian disciplines, except for the newly approved FEI events of equestrian vaulting and reining.", "English saddle __knowledge__ Most designs were specifically developed to allow the horse freedom of movement, whether jumping, running, or moving quickly across rugged, broken country with fences.", "English saddle __knowledge__ Unlike the western saddle or Australian Stock Saddle, there is no horn or other design elements that stick out above the main tree of the saddle.", "Horse tack __knowledge__ Tack is a piece of equipment or accessory equipped on horses in the course of their use as domesticated animals.", "Horse tack __knowledge__ Saddles, stirrups, bridles, halters, reins, bits, harnesses, martingales, and breastplates are all forms of horse tack.", "Horse tack __knowledge__ Equipping a horse is often referred to as tacking up.", "Horse tack __knowledge__ A room to store such equipment, usually near or in a stable, is a tack room.", "Horse tack __knowledge__ Saddles are seats for the rider, fastened to the horse's back by means of a \"girth\" (English-style riding), known as a \"cinch\" in the Western US, a wide strap that goes around the horse at a point about four inches behind the forelegs.", "Horse tack __knowledge__ Some western saddles will also have a second strap known as a \"flank\" or \"back cinch\" that fastens at the rear of the saddle and goes around the widest part of the horse's belly.", "Girth (tack) __knowledge__ A girth, sometimes called a cinch (Western riding), is a piece of equipment used to keep the saddle in place on a horse or other animal.", "Girth (tack) __knowledge__ It passes under the barrel of the equine, usually attached to the saddle on both sides by two or three leather straps called billets.", "Girth (tack) __knowledge__ Girths are used on Australian and English saddles, while western saddles and many pack saddles have a cinch, which is fastened to the saddle by a single wide leather strap on each side, called a latigo.", "Girth (tack) __knowledge__ Although a girth is often enough to keep a well-fitting saddle in place, other pieces of equipment are also used in jumping or speed sports such as polo, eventing, show jumping, and fox hunting; or on rough terrain such as trail riding.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ Western saddles are used for western riding and are the saddles used on working horses on cattle ranches throughout the United States, particularly in the west.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ They are the \"cowboy\" saddles familiar to movie viewers, rodeo fans, and those who have gone on trail rides at guest ranches.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ This saddle was designed to provide security and comfort to the rider when spending long hours on a horse, traveling over rugged terrain.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ The design of the Western saddle derives from the saddles of the Mexican \"vaqueros\" - the early horse trainers and cattle handlers of Mexico and the American Southwest.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ It was developed for the purpose of working cattle across vast areas, and came from a combination of the saddles used in the two main styles of horseback riding then practiced in Spain — \"la jineta\", the Moorish style which allowed great freedom of movement to the horse; and \"la estradiota\", later \"la brida\", the jousting style, which provided great security to the rider and strong control of the horse.", "Stirrup __knowledge__ A stirrup is a light frame or ring that holds the foot of a rider, attached to the saddle by a strap, often called a stirrup leather.", "Stirrup __knowledge__ Stirrups are usually paired and are used to aid in mounting and as a support while using a riding animal (usually a horse or other equine, such as a mule).", "Stirrup __knowledge__ They greatly increase the rider's ability to stay in the saddle and control the mount, increasing the animal's usefulness to humans in areas such as communication, transportation and warfare.", "Stirrup __knowledge__ In antiquity, the earliest foot supports consisted of riders placing their feet under a girth or using a simple toe loop.", "Bicycle saddle __knowledge__ A bicycle saddle, often called a seat, is one of three contact points on an upright bicycle, the others being the pedals and the handlebars.", "Bicycle saddle __knowledge__ (A bicycle seat in the specific sense also supports the back.)", "Bicycle saddle __knowledge__ The bicycle saddle has been known as such since the bicycle evolved from the draisine, a forerunner of the bicycle.", "Bicycle saddle __knowledge__ It performs a similar role as a horse's saddle, not bearing all the weight of the rider as the other contact points also take some of the load.", "Bicycle saddle __knowledge__ A bicycle saddle is commonly attached to the seatpost and the height of the saddle can usually be adjusted by the seatpost telescoping in and out of the seat tube." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 8, 9 ]

[ "equestrianism more often known as riding, or horse riding refers to the skill of riding, driving steeplechasing or vaulting with horses", "yes i ride horses that are trained and ridden for practical working purposes such as in police work or for controlling herd animals or on a ranch", "saddles are used as a supportive structure for the rider or load. they are fastened to an animals back by a girth.", "yes horse racing is an equetrian performance sport, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys or driven over a set distance for competition." ]

[ "Equestrianism", "Equestrianism", "Equestrianism", "Equestrianism" ]

[ "Crochet", "I have heard that crocheting is all about hooks and knots if im right?", "That is really intereting I had no idea it was that involved" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Crochet __knowledge__ \"Not to be confused with Crotchet, the common name for a Quarter note in music.\"", "Crochet __knowledge__ Crochet (; ) is a process of creating fabric by interlocking loops of yarn, thread, or strands of other materials using a crochet hook.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The name is derived from the French term \"crochet\", meaning 'small hook'.", "Crochet __knowledge__ These are made of materials such as metal, wood, or plastic and are manufactured commercially and produced in artisan workshops.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The salient difference between crochet and knitting, beyond the implements used for their production, is that each stitch in crochet is completed before proceeding with the next one, while knitting keeps a large number of stitches open at a time.", "Crochet __knowledge__ (Variant forms such as Tunisian crochet and broomstick lace keep multiple crochet stitches open at a time.)", "Crochet __knowledge__ The word crochet is derived from the Old French \"crochet\", a diminutive of \"croche\", in turn from the Germanic \"croc\", both meaning \"hook\".", "Crochet __knowledge__ It was used in 17th-century French lace making, \"crochetage\" designating a stitch used to join separate pieces of lace, and \"crochet\" subsequently designating both a specific type of fabric and the hooked needle used to produce it.", "Crochet __knowledge__ Although the fabric is not known to be crochet in the present sense, a genealogical relationship between the techniques sharing that name appears likely." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Crochet __knowledge__ \"Not to be confused with Crotchet, the common name for a Quarter note in music.\"", "Crochet __knowledge__ Crochet (; ) is a process of creating fabric by interlocking loops of yarn, thread, or strands of other materials using a crochet hook.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The name is derived from the French term \"crochet\", meaning 'small hook'.", "Crochet __knowledge__ These are made of materials such as metal, wood, or plastic and are manufactured commercially and produced in artisan workshops.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The salient difference between crochet and knitting, beyond the implements used for their production, is that each stitch in crochet is completed before proceeding with the next one, while knitting keeps a large number of stitches open at a time.", "Crochet __knowledge__ (Variant forms such as Tunisian crochet and broomstick lace keep multiple crochet stitches open at a time.)", "Crochet __knowledge__ The word crochet is derived from the Old French \"crochet\", a diminutive of \"croche\", in turn from the Germanic \"croc\", both meaning \"hook\".", "Crochet __knowledge__ It was used in 17th-century French lace making, \"crochetage\" designating a stitch used to join separate pieces of lace, and \"crochet\" subsequently designating both a specific type of fabric and the hooked needle used to produce it.", "Crochet __knowledge__ Although the fabric is not known to be crochet in the present sense, a genealogical relationship between the techniques sharing that name appears likely.", "Knot theory __knowledge__ In topology, knot theory is the study of mathematical knots.", "Knot theory __knowledge__ While inspired by knots which appear in daily life in shoelaces and rope, a mathematician's knot differs in that the ends are joined together so that it cannot be undone.", "Knot theory __knowledge__ In mathematical language, a knot is an embedding of a circle in 3-dimensional Euclidean space, R (in topology, a circle isn't bound to the classical geometric concept, but to all of its homeomorphisms).", "Knot theory __knowledge__ Two mathematical knots are equivalent if one can be transformed into the other via a deformation of R upon itself (known as an ambient isotopy); these transformations correspond to manipulations of a knotted string that do not involve cutting the string or passing the string through itself.", "String (structure) __knowledge__ String is a long flexible structure made from fibers twisted together into a single strand, or from multiple such strands which are in turn twisted together.", "String (structure) __knowledge__ String is used to tie, bind, or hang other objects.", "String (structure) __knowledge__ It is also used as a material to make things, such as textiles, and in arts and crafts.", "String (structure) __knowledge__ String is a simple tool, and its use by humans is known to have been developed tens of thousands of years ago.", "String (structure) __knowledge__ In Mesoamerica, for example, string was invented some 20,000 to 30,000 years ago, and was made by twisting plant fibers together.", "String (structure) __knowledge__ String may also be a component in other tools, and in devices as diverse as weapons, musical instruments, and toys.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Im Tirtzu (Hebrew: אם תרצו, lit.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ 'If you will it') is a Zionist non-governmental organization based in Israel.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Its name is derived from an epigraph appended to the frontespiece of Theodor Herzl's novel Altneuland, 'if you wish it, it is no fairy-tale,' rendered into modern Hebrew in Nahum Sokolow's translation in 1903, as \"Im tirtzu ein zo agadah.\"", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ (\"If you will it, it is no dream.\")", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ On its establishment in 2006, the organization stated that its mission was to renew \"Zionist discourse, Zionist thinking and Zionist ideology to ensure the future of the Jewish nation and the State of Israel.\"", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Claiming to \"strengthen and advance the values of Zionism in Israel\", it sees itself as dedicated to combating a \"campaign of de-legitimization against the State of Israel and to [provide] responses to Post-Zionist and Anti-Zionist phenomena\".", "Knots Landing __knowledge__ Knots Landing is an American prime time television soap opera that aired on CBS from December 27, 1979, to May 13, 1993.", "Knots Landing __knowledge__ A spin-off of \"Dallas\", it was set in a fictitious coastal suburb of Los Angeles, and centered on the lives of four married couples living in a cul-de-sac, Seaview Circle.", "Knots Landing __knowledge__ By the time of its conclusion, \"Knots Landing\" had become one of the longest-running primetime dramas on U.S. television after \"Gunsmoke\" and \"Bonanza\".", "Knots Landing __knowledge__ \"Knots Landing\" was created by David Jacobs (one-time writer of \"Family\" and later producer of \"\") in conjunction with producer Michael Filerman (who would also later co-produce \"Falcon Crest\").", "Persian carpet __knowledge__ A Persian carpet or Persian rug (Persian: قالی ايرانى \"qālī-ye īranī\"), also known as Iranian carpet ( \"farsh\", meaning \"to spread\"), is a heavy textile, made for a wide variety of utilitarian and symbolic purpose, produced in Iran (historically known as Persia), for home use, local sale, and export.", "Persian carpet __knowledge__ Carpet weaving is an essential part of Persian culture and Iranian art.", "Persian carpet __knowledge__ Within the group of Oriental rugs produced by the countries of the so-called \"rug belt\", the Persian carpet stands out by the variety and elaborateness of its manifold designs.", "Persian carpet __knowledge__ Persian carpets and rugs of various types were woven in parallel by nomadic tribes, in village and town workshops, and by royal court manufactories alike.", "Bell hooks __knowledge__ Gloria Jean Watkins (born September 25, 1952), better known by her pen name bell hooks, is an American author, feminist, and social activist.", "Bell hooks __knowledge__ The name \"bell hooks\" is derived from that of her maternal great-grandmother, Bell Blair Hooks.", "Bell hooks __knowledge__ The focus of hooks' writing has been the intersectionality of race, capitalism, and gender, and what she describes as their ability to produce and perpetuate systems of oppression and class domination.", "Bell hooks __knowledge__ She has published over 30 books and numerous scholarly articles, appeared in documentary films, and participated in public lectures.", "Bell hooks __knowledge__ She has addressed race, class, and gender in education, art, history, sexuality, mass media, and feminism.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "Tatting __knowledge__ Tatting is a technique for handcrafting a particularly durable lace from a series of knots and loops.", "Tatting __knowledge__ Tatting can be used to make lace edging as well as doilies, collars, accessories such as earrings and necklaces, and other decorative pieces.", "Tatting __knowledge__ The lace is formed by a pattern of rings and chains formed from a series of cow hitch or half-hitch knots, called double stitches, over a core thread.", "Tatting __knowledge__ Gaps can be left between the stitches to form picots, which are used for practical construction as well as decorative effect.", "Tatting __knowledge__ Tatting dates to the early 17th century, as evidence in a poem by Sir Charles Sedley, \"The Royal Knotter\", written in the late 1600s and published posthumously in 1707.", "Crochet hook __knowledge__ A crochet hook (or crochet needle) is an implement used to make loops in thread or yarn and to interlock them into crochet stitches.", "Crochet hook __knowledge__ It is basically a round shaft pointed on one end, with a lateral groove behind it.", "Crochet hook __knowledge__ The point eases the insertion of the hook through the material being crocheted and the groove makes it possible to pull a loop back through the material.", "Crochet hook __knowledge__ The shaft is then divided into a working area that determines the hook's nominal diameter and ensures the uniform sizing of the loops formed on it, and a handle.", "Crochet hook __knowledge__ Crochet appeared as a distinct textile art during the early 19th-century and many crochet hooks survive from that period.", "Tunisian crochet __knowledge__ Tunisian crochet, also known as Afghan crochet, is a type of crochet that uses an elongated hook, often with a stopper on the handle end, called an Afghan hook.", "Tunisian crochet __knowledge__ It is sometimes considered to be a mixture of crocheting and knitting.", "Tunisian crochet __knowledge__ As such, some techniques used in knitting are also applicable in Tunisian crochet.", "Tunisian crochet __knowledge__ One example is the intarsia method.", "Tunisian crochet __knowledge__ The work is begun with the traditional starting chain, a series of slip stitches.", "Tunisian crochet __knowledge__ Once the chain is completed, the first row is worked by inserting the hook back into the previous link of the chain, and a loop from the free end of the yarn is grabbed with the hook and pulled back through the link.", "Tapestry crochet __knowledge__ Tapestry crochet is sometimes called jacquard crochet, intarsia, mosaic, fair isle, and colorwork, but today these terms usually describe different techniques.", "Tapestry crochet __knowledge__ Since the yarns are switched back and forth to create motifs, tapestry crochet fabric looks more like it was woven on a loom than crocheted with a hook.", "Tapestry crochet __knowledge__ Just as there are several ways to produce a woven tapestry, so there are different ways to do tapestry crochet.", "Tapestry crochet __knowledge__ Most tapestry crochet is done with single crochet stitches, but the slip stitch, half double, and double crochet stitches are also used.", "Tapestry crochet __knowledge__ Yarns not in play are either carried inside the stitches, dropped and picked up when needed (also called intarsia), or they run along the back of the stitches.", "Irish lace __knowledge__ Irish lace has always been an important part of the Irish needlework tradition.", "Irish lace __knowledge__ Both needlepoint and Bobbin-laces were made in Ireland before the middle of the eighteenth century, but never, apparently, on a commercial scale.", "Irish lace __knowledge__ It was promoted by Irish aristocrats such as Lady Arabella Denny, the famous philanthropist, who used social and political connections to support the new industry and promote the sale of Irish lace abroad.", "Irish lace __knowledge__ Lady Denny, working in connection with the Dublin Society, introduced lace-making into the Dublin workhouses, especially among the children there.", "Irish lace __knowledge__ It is thought that it was an early form of Crochet, imitating the appearance of Venetian Gros Point lace." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Crochet __knowledge__ \"Not to be confused with Crotchet, the common name for a Quarter note in music.\"", "Crochet __knowledge__ Crochet (; ) is a process of creating fabric by interlocking loops of yarn, thread, or strands of other materials using a crochet hook.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The name is derived from the French term \"crochet\", meaning 'small hook'.", "Crochet __knowledge__ These are made of materials such as metal, wood, or plastic and are manufactured commercially and produced in artisan workshops.", "Crochet __knowledge__ The salient difference between crochet and knitting, beyond the implements used for their production, is that each stitch in crochet is completed before proceeding with the next one, while knitting keeps a large number of stitches open at a time.", "Crochet __knowledge__ (Variant forms such as Tunisian crochet and broomstick lace keep multiple crochet stitches open at a time.)", "Crochet __knowledge__ The word crochet is derived from the Old French \"crochet\", a diminutive of \"croche\", in turn from the Germanic \"croc\", both meaning \"hook\".", "Crochet __knowledge__ It was used in 17th-century French lace making, \"crochetage\" designating a stitch used to join separate pieces of lace, and \"crochet\" subsequently designating both a specific type of fabric and the hooked needle used to produce it.", "Crochet __knowledge__ Although the fabric is not known to be crochet in the present sense, a genealogical relationship between the techniques sharing that name appears likely.", "Housesitter __knowledge__ Housesitter is a 1992 American romantic comedy film directed by Frank Oz, written by Mark Stein, and starring Steve Martin and Goldie Hawn.", "Housesitter __knowledge__ The premise involves a woman with con-artist tendencies who worms her way into the life of a reserved architect by claiming to be his wife.", "Housesitter __knowledge__ Newton Davis (Steve Martin) is a struggling architect.", "Housesitter __knowledge__ After building his dream house for himself and his longtime girlfriend Becky (Dana Delany) in his hometown, he is crushed when she refuses to marry him.", "Housesitter __knowledge__ He is unable to bring himself to live in the house, and leaves it abandoned and with a debt he cannot afford.", "Housesitter __knowledge__ Some time later, Newton meets a waitress named Gwen (Goldie Hawn) at a Hungarian restaurant in Boston.", "Gunpowder Plot __knowledge__ The Gunpowder Plot of 1605, in earlier centuries often called the Gunpowder Treason Plot or the Jesuit Treason, was a failed assassination attempt against King James I of England and VI of Scotland by a group of provincial English Catholics led by Robert Catesby.", "Gunpowder Plot __knowledge__ The plan was to blow up the House of Lords during the State Opening of England's Parliament on 5 November 1605, as the prelude to a popular revolt in the Midlands during which James's nine-year-old daughter, Princess Elizabeth, was to be installed as the Catholic head of state.", "Gunpowder Plot __knowledge__ Catesby may have embarked on the scheme after hopes of securing greater religious tolerance under King James had faded, leaving many English Catholics disappointed.", "Sam Ervin __knowledge__ Samuel James \"Sam\" Ervin Jr. (September 27, 1896April 23, 1985) was an American politician.", "Sam Ervin __knowledge__ A Democrat, he served as a U.S.", "Sam Ervin __knowledge__ Senator from North Carolina from 1954 to 1974.", "Sam Ervin __knowledge__ A native of Morganton, he liked to call himself a \"country lawyer,\" and often told humorous stories in his Southern drawl.", "Sam Ervin __knowledge__ During his Senate career, Ervin was a legal defender of the Jim Crow laws and racial segregation, as the South's constitutional expert during the congressional debates on civil rights.", "Sam Ervin __knowledge__ Unexpectedly, he became a liberal hero for his support of civil liberties.", "Sam Ervin __knowledge__ He is remembered for his work in the investigation committees that brought down Senator Joseph McCarthy in 1954 and especially for his investigation of the Watergate scandal in 1972 that led to the resignation of Richard Nixon.", "Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses __knowledge__ The Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses is the ruling council of Jehovah's Witnesses based in the group's Warwick, New York headquarters.", "Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses __knowledge__ The body formulates doctrines, oversees the production of written material for publications and conventions, and administers the group's worldwide operations.", "Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses __knowledge__ Official publications refer to members of the Governing Body as followers of Christ rather than religious leaders.", "Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses __knowledge__ Its size has varied, from seven (2014–2018) to eighteen (1974–1980) members.", "Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses __knowledge__ New members of the Governing Body are selected by existing members.", "Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses __knowledge__ Since its incorporation in 1884, the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania has been directed by a president and board of directors.", "Austin 20 hp __knowledge__ The Austin 20-hp is a mid-sized car premium quality that was made by British manufacturer Austin and first displayed as a chassis in Paris in December 1912, advertised in March 1913 and shown to the public as a complete car at the Olympia Motor Show in November 1913.", "Austin 20 hp __knowledge__ At that time both the 20 and the 30 were regarded as new models.", "Austin 20 hp __knowledge__ While at first glance it may have seemed to take the place within Austin's range of their 18-24 car which was really a 30-40 hp, its engine was just two-thirds of the size of the old car.", "Austin 20 hp __knowledge__ The new car was not an enlarged 15 but a scaled-down 30.", "Austin 20 hp __knowledge__ In its introduction and publicity it was always downplayed apparently to contrast with the more powerful Austin 30 hp.", "List of American Horror Story: Roanoke characters __knowledge__ \"\" is the sixth season of the FX horror anthology series \"American Horror Story\".", "List of American Horror Story: Roanoke characters __knowledge__ The season’s theme centers on exploitation in two forms: the act of mistreatment to people, and the use of public-relation and advertising techniques (such as media) for personal gain; which took place at Roanoke Island, North Carolina in 2015 that focuses on the testimonies of the Miller family: married couple Matt and Shelby, and Matt’s sister Lee Harris, as they recount a series of paranormal experiences they have on their property on a documentary titled, \"My Roanoke Nightmare\", produced by Sidney Aaron James.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The value-form or form of value () is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, Marxism and post-Marxism.", "Value-form __knowledge__ It refers to the \"social form\" of a commodity (any product traded in markets) as a symbol of value, which contrasts with its physical features, as a product which can satisfy some human need.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a commodity is directly observable, but the meaning of its social form is not.", "Value-form __knowledge__ Narrating the paradoxical oddities and metaphysical niceties of ordinary things when they become instruments of trade, Marx seeks to provide a brief morphology of the category of economic value as such - what its substance really is, the forms which this substance takes, and how its magnitude is determined or expressed.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Hand knitting is a form of knitting, in which the knitted fabric is produced by hand using needles.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Flat knitting uses two straight needles to make generally two-dimensional (flat) pieces.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Flat knitting is usually used to knit flat pieces like scarves, blankets, afghans, and the backs, fronts and arms of sweaters (pullovers).", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ In flat knitting, generally stockinette stitch, the hand-knitter knits from right-to-left on one side of the fabric, turns the work (over), and then purls right-to-left back to the starting position.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Usually the smooth side of the fabric is considered the \"right side\", the one facing outwards for viewing; and the side that faces inwards, towards the body, the ridged side, is known as the \"wrong side\".", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Knitted fabric is a textile that results from knitting.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Its properties are distinct from woven fabric in that it is more flexible and can be more readily constructed into smaller pieces, making it ideal for socks and hats.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Its properties are distinct from nonwoven fabric in that it is more durable but takes more resources to create, making it suitable for multiple uses.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ There are two major varieties of knit fabric: weft-knit and warp-knit fabrics.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Warp-knitted fabrics such as tricot and milanese are resistant to runs, and are commonly used in lingerie.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Weft-knit fabrics are easier to make and more common.", "Slip-stitch knitting __knowledge__ Slip-stitch knitting is a family of knitting techniques that use slip stitches to make multiple fabrics simultaneously, to make extra-long stitches, and/or to carry over colors from an earlier row.", "Slip-stitch knitting __knowledge__ In the basic slip stitch the stitch is passed from the left needle to the right needle without being knitted.", "Slip-stitch knitting __knowledge__ The yarn may be passed invisibly \"behind\" the slipped stitch (wyib=\"with yarn in back\") or \"in front\" of the slipped stitch (wyif=\"with yarn in front\"), where it produces a small horizontal \"bar\".", "Slip-stitch knitting __knowledge__ The wyif slipped stitch is less common, although several knitting patterns use it to produce a visual effect like woven cloth.", "Knitting needle __knowledge__ A knitting needle or knitting pin is a tool in hand-knitting to produce knitted fabrics.", "Knitting needle __knowledge__ They generally have a long shaft and taper at their end, but they are not nearly as sharp as sewing needles.", "Knitting needle __knowledge__ Their purpose is two-fold.", "Knitting needle __knowledge__ The long shaft \"holds\" the active (unsecured) stitches of the fabric, to prevent them from unravelling, whereas the tapered ends are used to \"form new stitches\".", "Knitting needle __knowledge__ Most commonly, a new stitch is formed by inserting the tapered end through an active stitch, catching a loop (also called a bight) of fresh yarn and drawing it through the stitch; this secures the initial stitch and forms a new active stitch in its place.", "Aran knitting patterns __knowledge__ Aran knitting patterns are heavily textured knitting patterns which are named after the Aran Islands, which are located off the west coast of Ireland from County Galway and County Clare.", "Aran knitting patterns __knowledge__ The patterns are knitted into socks, hats, vests, scarves, mittens, afghans, pillow covers, and, most commonly, sweaters.", "Aran knitting patterns __knowledge__ The first known example of Aran knitting appeared in the 1930s.", "Aran knitting patterns __knowledge__ The stitches that create the Aran knitting patterns are complex and the knitted goods are time-consuming to create.", "Aran knitting patterns __knowledge__ For example, a typical Aran sweater will have over 100,000 stitches, and may take several months to finish.", "Aran knitting patterns __knowledge__ The three dimensional effect of the twisted stitches also increased the warmth of the clothing by creating air pockets." ] ]

[ 2, 5, 46 ]

[ "I love to crochet things hats and blankets. Once you learn how to use the crochet hook its easy ", "Yes. Crocheting completes each stitch before continuing, while knitting lets you keep lots of stitches open ", "Oh yes. There are lots of variations of knitting and crocheting. Knitting has lots of consecutive rows of intermeshing loops" ]

[ "Crochet", "Crochet", "Crochet" ]

[ "Smoking\nI used to smoke, but that is in the past for me.", "I feel quit smoking was the best decision of my life.", "After i quit, my life change for the better.I was a new man.", "It was not easy for me at the beginning, but i wont the battle in the end.", "The more smoking bans the better." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking is a practice in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed in to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.", "Smoking __knowledge__ Most commonly the substance is the dried leaves of the tobacco plant which have been rolled into a small square of rice paper to create a small, round cylinder called a \"cigarette\".", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking is primarily practiced as a route of administration for recreational drug use because the combustion of the dried plant leaves vaporizes and delivers active substances into the lungs where they are rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and reach bodily tissue.", "Smoking __knowledge__ In the case of cigarette smoking these substances are contained in a mixture of aerosol particles and gasses and include the pharmacologically active alkaloid nicotine; the vaporization creates heated aerosol and gas to form that allows inhalation and deep penetration into the lungs where absorption into the bloodstream of the active substances occurs.", "Smoking __knowledge__ In some cultures, smoking is also carried out as a part of various rituals, where participants use it to help induce trance-like states that, they believe, can lead them to spiritual enlightenment.", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking generally has negative health effects, because smoke inhalation inherently poses challenges to various physiologic processes such as respiration.", "Passive smoking __knowledge__ Passive smoking is the inhalation of smoke, called second-hand smoke (SHS), or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), by persons other than the intended \"active\" smoker.", "Passive smoking __knowledge__ It occurs when tobacco smoke permeates any environment, causing its inhalation by people within that environment.", "Passive smoking __knowledge__ Exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke causes disease, disability, and death.", "Passive smoking __knowledge__ The health risks of second-hand smoke are a matter of scientific consensus.", "Passive smoking __knowledge__ These risks have been a major motivation for smoke-free laws in workplaces and indoor public places, including restaurants, bars and night clubs, as well as some open public spaces.", "Smoke detector __knowledge__ A smoke detector is a device that senses smoke, typically as an indicator of fire.", "Smoke detector __knowledge__ Commercial security devices issue a signal to a fire alarm control panel as part of a fire alarm system, while household smoke detectors, also known as smoke alarms, generally issue a local audible or visual alarm from the detector itself.", "Smoke detector __knowledge__ Smoke detectors are housed in plastic enclosures, typically shaped like a disk about in diameter and thick, but shape and size vary.", "Smoke detector __knowledge__ Smoke can be detected either optically (photoelectric) or by physical process (ionization); detectors may use either, or both, methods.", "Smoke detector __knowledge__ Sensitive alarms can be used to detect, and thus deter, smoking in areas where it is banned.", "Smoke __knowledge__ Smoke is a collection of airborne solid and liquid particulates and gases emitted when a material undergoes combustion or pyrolysis, together with the quantity of air that is entrained or otherwise mixed into the mass.", "Smoke __knowledge__ It is commonly an unwanted by-product of fires (including stoves, candles, oil lamps, and fireplaces), but may also be used for pest control (fumigation), communication (smoke signals), defensive and offensive capabilities in the military (smoke screen), cooking, or smoking (tobacco, cannabis, etc.).", "Smoke __knowledge__ Smoke is used in rituals where incense, sage, or resin is burned to produce a smell for spiritual purposes.", "Smoke Hole Canyon __knowledge__ Smoke Hole Canyon — traditionally called The Smoke Holes and later simply Smoke Hole — is a rugged long gorge carved by the South Branch Potomac River in the Allegheny Mountains of eastern West Virginia, United States.", "Smoke Hole Canyon __knowledge__ The area is rather isolated and remote with parts accessible only by boat or on foot.", "Smoke Hole Canyon __knowledge__ Defined to the east by Cave Mountain and to the west by North Fork Mountain, Smoke Hole has been part of the Monongahela National Forest's Spruce Knob-Seneca Rocks National Recreation Area since 1965, although some of it is still private land.", "Smoke Hole Canyon __knowledge__ Formerly, the area was home to a scattered community of family homesteads, storied for their isolation, traditional lifestyles, and skilled production of the illicit liquor known as \"moonshine\".", "Nuclear winter __knowledge__ Nuclear winter is the severe and prolonged global climatic cooling effect hypothesized to occur after widespread firestorms following a nuclear war.", "Nuclear winter __knowledge__ The hypothesis is based on the fact that such fires can inject soot into the stratosphere, where it can block some direct sunlight from reaching the surface of the Earth.", "Nuclear winter __knowledge__ Historically, firestorms have occurred in a number of forests and cities.", "Nuclear winter __knowledge__ In developing computer models of nuclear-winter scenarios, researchers use both Hamburg and the Hiroshima firestorms as example cases where soot might have been injected into the stratosphere, as well as modern observations of natural, large-area wildfires.", "Smoke (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ Smoke is a player character from the \"Mortal Kombat\" fighting game franchise created by Ed Boon and John Tobias.", "Smoke (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ He first appeared in \"Mortal Kombat II\" (1993) as a hidden unplayable opponent and gray ninja palette swap of Scorpion who would make random onscreen appearances during gameplay.", "Smoke (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ He made his official playable debut in 1995's \"Mortal Kombat 3\" as an unlockable character, this time as an indigo-colored swap of the game's cybernetic ninjas, Sektor and Cyrax.", "Smoke (Mortal Kombat) __knowledge__ His role in the series has predominantly been that of a friend and confidant to the younger Sub-Zero; both are part of the Lin Kuei clan of assassins who boldly choose to defect after learning of the clan's plan to convert its members into cyborgs.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ This is a list of smoking bans by country.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Smoking bans are public policies, including criminal laws and occupational safety and health regulations, which prohibit tobacco smoking in workplaces and/or other public spaces.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Legislation may also, in some cases, restrict the carrying or possessing of any lit tobacco product.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ A law came into effect on 30 May 2007 restricting smoking in closed public areas and outlawing the advertisement of tobacco, although the measure was reportedly poorly enforced in the country until 2013.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ From 2013 law enforcement has been implemented, and smoking is strictly forbidden in closed public areas, including bars, pubs, restaurants etc." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking is a practice in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed in to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.", "Smoking __knowledge__ Most commonly the substance is the dried leaves of the tobacco plant which have been rolled into a small square of rice paper to create a small, round cylinder called a \"cigarette\".", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking is primarily practiced as a route of administration for recreational drug use because the combustion of the dried plant leaves vaporizes and delivers active substances into the lungs where they are rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and reach bodily tissue.", "Smoking __knowledge__ In the case of cigarette smoking these substances are contained in a mixture of aerosol particles and gasses and include the pharmacologically active alkaloid nicotine; the vaporization creates heated aerosol and gas to form that allows inhalation and deep penetration into the lungs where absorption into the bloodstream of the active substances occurs.", "Smoking __knowledge__ In some cultures, smoking is also carried out as a part of various rituals, where participants use it to help induce trance-like states that, they believe, can lead them to spiritual enlightenment.", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking generally has negative health effects, because smoke inhalation inherently poses challenges to various physiologic processes such as respiration.", "Smoking cessation __knowledge__ Smoking cessation (also known as quitting smoking) is the process of discontinuing tobacco smoking.", "Smoking cessation __knowledge__ Tobacco smoke contains nicotine, which is addictive.", "Smoking cessation __knowledge__ Nicotine withdrawal makes the process of quitting often very prolonged and difficult.", "Smoking cessation __knowledge__ Seventy percent of smokers would like to quit smoking, and 50 percent report attempting to quit within the past year.", "Smoking cessation __knowledge__ Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death worldwide.", "Smoking cessation __knowledge__ Tobacco cessation significantly reduces the risk of dying from tobacco-related diseases such as coronary heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer.", "Smoking cessation __knowledge__ Due to its link to many chronic diseases, cigarette smoking has been restricted in many public areas.", "Positions of medical organizations on electronic cigarettes __knowledge__ The scientific community in United States and Europe are primarily concerned with the possible effect of electronic cigarette use on public health.", "Positions of medical organizations on electronic cigarettes __knowledge__ There is concern among public health experts that e-cigarettes could renormalize smoking, weaken measures to control tobacco, and serve as a gateway for smoking among youth.", "Positions of medical organizations on electronic cigarettes __knowledge__ The public health community is divided over whether to support e-cigarettes, because their safety and efficacy for quitting smoking is unclear.", "Positions of medical organizations on electronic cigarettes __knowledge__ Many in the public health community acknowledge the potential for their quitting smoking and decreasing harm benefits, but there remains a concern over their long-term safety and potential for a new era of users to get addicted to nicotine and then tobacco.", "Electronic cigarette __knowledge__ An electronic cigarette or e-cigarette is a handheld electronic device that tries to create the feeling of tobacco smoking.", "Electronic cigarette __knowledge__ It works by heating a liquid to generate an aerosol, commonly called a \"vapor\", that the user inhales.", "Electronic cigarette __knowledge__ Using e-cigarettes is sometimes called vaping.", "Electronic cigarette __knowledge__ The liquid in the e-cigarette, called e-liquid, is usually made of nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerine, and flavorings.", "Electronic cigarette __knowledge__ Not all e-liquids contain nicotine.", "Electronic cigarette __knowledge__ The health risks of e-cigarettes are uncertain, but they are likely safer than tobacco cigarettes.", "Electronic cigarette __knowledge__ Their long-term health effects are not known.", "Electronic cigarette __knowledge__ They can help some smokers quit.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ This is a list of smoking bans by country.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Smoking bans are public policies, including criminal laws and occupational safety and health regulations, which prohibit tobacco smoking in workplaces and/or other public spaces.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Legislation may also, in some cases, restrict the carrying or possessing of any lit tobacco product.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ A law came into effect on 30 May 2007 restricting smoking in closed public areas and outlawing the advertisement of tobacco, although the measure was reportedly poorly enforced in the country until 2013.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ From 2013 law enforcement has been implemented, and smoking is strictly forbidden in closed public areas, including bars, pubs, restaurants etc.", "Allen Carr __knowledge__ Allen Carr (2 September 1934, London – 29 November 2006, Benalmádena) was a British author of books about quitting smoking and other psychological dependencies including alcohol addiction.", "Allen Carr __knowledge__ He quit smoking after 30 years as a hundred-a-day chain smoker.", "Allen Carr __knowledge__ London-born Carr started smoking while doing National Service aged 18.", "Allen Carr __knowledge__ He qualified as an accountant in 1958.", "Allen Carr __knowledge__ Carr finally quit smoking on 15 July 1983, aged 48, after a visit to a hypnotherapist.", "Allen Carr __knowledge__ However, it wasn't the hypnotherapy itself that enabled him to quit – \"I succeeded in spite of and not because of that visit\" and \"I lit up the moment I left the clinic and made my way home...\".", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ Tobacco use has predominantly negative effects on human health and concern about health effects of tobacco has a long history.", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ Research has focused primarily on cigarette tobacco smoking.", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ In 1950, Richard Doll published research in the \"British Medical Journal\" showing a close link between smoking and lung cancer.", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ Four years later, in 1954, the British Doctors Study, a study of some 40,000 doctors over 20 years, confirmed the suggestion, based on which the government issued advice that smoking and lung cancer rates were related.", "Health effects of tobacco __knowledge__ Tobacco smoke contains more than fifty chemicals that cause cancer.", "No Smoking (2007 film) __knowledge__ No Smoking is a 2007 Indian neo-noir psychological thriller film written and directed by Anurag Kashyap and co-produced by Vishal Bhardwaj and Kumar Mangat.", "No Smoking (2007 film) __knowledge__ The film stars John Abraham, Ayesha Takia, Ranvir Shorey and Paresh Rawal in the lead roles, while Bipasha Basu appears in an Item number.", "No Smoking (2007 film) __knowledge__ The film is loosely based upon the short story \"Quitters, Inc.\" by Stephen King, which was previously adapted as one of three segments featured in Hollywood anthology film, \"Cat's Eye\" (1985).", "No Smoking (2007 film) __knowledge__ It became the first Indian film to be adapted from a Stephen King short story.", "No Smoking (2007 film) __knowledge__ The story follows K (Abraham) a self-obsessed, narcissist chain smoker who agrees to kick his habit to save his marriage and visits a rehabilitation centre, but is caught in a labyrinth game by Baba Bengali (Rawal), the man who guarantees he will make him quit.", "Urban legends about drugs __knowledge__ Many urban legends and misconceptions about drugs have been created and circulated among young people and the general public, with varying degrees of veracity.", "Urban legends about drugs __knowledge__ These are commonly repeated by organizations which oppose all classified drug use, often causing the true effects and dangers of drugs to be misunderstood and less scrutinized.", "Urban legends about drugs __knowledge__ The most common subjects of such false beliefs are LSD, cannabis, and MDMA.", "Urban legends about drugs __knowledge__ These misconceptions include misinformation about adulterants or other black market issues, as well as alleged effects of the pure substances.", "Urban legends about drugs __knowledge__ Some of the strangest urban legends told are those about lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), a potent psychedelic drug that gained popularity in several countries in the 1960s and 1970s, and experienced a brief resurgence in the mid to late 1990s before declining from 2000 onward.", "Italian crested newt __knowledge__ The Italian crested newt (\"Triturus carnifex\") is a species of newt in the family Salamandridae.", "Italian crested newt __knowledge__ \"Triturus carnifex\" is found in parts of the Balkans and Italy.", "Italian crested newt __knowledge__ It is an aquatic breeder that can spend up to four months in the water.", "Italian crested newt __knowledge__ The location of the ponds where they breed affects the time when \"T. carnifex\" enters the water.", "Italian crested newt __knowledge__ \"T. carnifex\" prefers living in deep water since it is a nektonic species: it swims freely and is independent of currents.", "Italian crested newt __knowledge__ The absence of predatory fish may also explain why \"T. carnifex\" is inclined to ponds, rather than other larger bodies of water.", "Italian crested newt __knowledge__ They typically prefer ponds in northern Europe, where temperatures are colder.", "Lipoprotein __knowledge__ A lipoprotein is a biochemical assembly whose purpose is to transport hydrophobic lipid (a.k.a.", "Lipoprotein __knowledge__ fat) molecules in water, as in blood or extracellular fluid.", "Lipoprotein __knowledge__ They have a single-layer phospholipid and cholesterol outer shell, with the hydrophilic portions oriented outward toward the surrounding water and lipophilic portions of each molecule oriented inwards toward the lipids molecules within the particles.", "Lipoprotein __knowledge__ Apolipoproteins are embedded in the membrane, both stabilising the complex and giving it functional identity determining its fate.", "Lipoprotein __knowledge__ Thus the complex serves to emulsify the fats.", "Lipoprotein __knowledge__ Many enzymes, transporters, structural proteins, antigens, adhesions, and toxins are lipoproteins.", "Effects of cannabis __knowledge__ The effects of cannabis are caused by the chemical compounds in the plant, including cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is only one of more than 100 different cannabinoids present in the plant.", "Effects of cannabis __knowledge__ Cannabis has various psychological and physiological effects on the human body.", "Effects of cannabis __knowledge__ Different plants of the genus Cannabis contain different and often unpredictable concentrations of THC and other cannabinoids and hundreds of other molecules that have a pharmacological effect, so that the final net effect cannot reliably be foreseen.", "Effects of cannabis __knowledge__ Acute effects while under the influence can include euphoria and anxiety.", "Bioenhancer __knowledge__ Bioenhancers or bioavailability enhancers is a new chapter in medical science first scientifically established in 1979 after the discovery of world's first bioenhancer Piperine.", "Bioenhancer __knowledge__ It is a pocket friendly drug technology which reduces the destruction, wastage and elimination of several orally administered drugs inside the body.", "Bioenhancer __knowledge__ Definition Bioenhancers are defined as substances that increase the bioavailability and bioefficacy of active substances with which they are combined without having any activity of their own at the dose used.", "Bioenhancer __knowledge__ Besides several classes of modern drugs like antibiotics, anti cancer drugs, cardiovascular drugs, anti inflammatory, central nervous drugs, etc., they also increase the bioavailability of vitamins and nutrients.", "Digestion __knowledge__ Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma.", "Digestion __knowledge__ In certain organisms, these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the blood stream.", "Digestion __knowledge__ Digestion is a form of catabolism that is often divided into two processes based on how food is broken down: mechanical and chemical digestion.", "Digestion __knowledge__ The term mechanical digestion refers to the physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces which can subsequently be accessed by digestive enzymes.", "Digestion __knowledge__ In chemical digestion, enzymes break down food into the small molecules the body can use." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking is a practice in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed in to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.", "Smoking __knowledge__ Most commonly the substance is the dried leaves of the tobacco plant which have been rolled into a small square of rice paper to create a small, round cylinder called a \"cigarette\".", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking is primarily practiced as a route of administration for recreational drug use because the combustion of the dried plant leaves vaporizes and delivers active substances into the lungs where they are rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and reach bodily tissue.", "Smoking __knowledge__ In the case of cigarette smoking these substances are contained in a mixture of aerosol particles and gasses and include the pharmacologically active alkaloid nicotine; the vaporization creates heated aerosol and gas to form that allows inhalation and deep penetration into the lungs where absorption into the bloodstream of the active substances occurs.", "Smoking __knowledge__ In some cultures, smoking is also carried out as a part of various rituals, where participants use it to help induce trance-like states that, they believe, can lead them to spiritual enlightenment.", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking generally has negative health effects, because smoke inhalation inherently poses challenges to various physiologic processes such as respiration.", "Che Guevara __knowledge__ Ernesto \"Che\" Guevara ( June 14, 1928 – October 9, 1967) was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary, physician, author, guerrilla leader, diplomat and military theorist.", "Che Guevara __knowledge__ A major figure of the Cuban Revolution, his stylized visage has become a ubiquitous countercultural symbol of rebellion and global insignia in popular culture.", "Che Guevara __knowledge__ As a young medical student, Guevara traveled throughout South America and was radicalized by the poverty, hunger and disease he witnessed.", "Che Guevara __knowledge__ His burgeoning desire to help overturn what he saw as the capitalist exploitation of Latin America by the United States prompted his involvement in Guatemala's social reforms under President Jacobo Árbenz, whose eventual CIA-assisted overthrow at the behest of the United Fruit Company solidified Guevara's political ideology.", "New Man (Christian magazine) __knowledge__ New Man was a prominent American Christian lifestyle men's magazine, founded in 1994, and becoming an online publication in 2008.", "New Man (Christian magazine) __knowledge__ Its stated purpose is \"Helping men to develop Christ-centered perspectives that will transform their lives, their families and their worlds.\".", "New Man (Christian magazine) __knowledge__ For the first three years of its existence, it was the official magazine of the Promise Keepers movement.", "New Man (Christian magazine) __knowledge__ Stephen Strang, the publisher of \"Charisma\" magazine since 1975, was an early supporter of Promise Keepers, promoting it in the magazine.", "New Man (Christian magazine) __knowledge__ \"Charisma\" at the time had a circulation of approximately 100,000.", "New Man (Christian magazine) __knowledge__ In 1994, he made an agreement with Promise Keepers to publish \"New Man\" as the movement's official magazine, and began publishing the glossy bi-monthly 105 days later.", "New Man (utopian concept) __knowledge__ The New Man is a utopian concept that involves the creation of a new ideal human being or citizen replacing un-ideal human beings or citizens.", "New Man (utopian concept) __knowledge__ The meaning of a New Man has widely varied and various alternatives have been suggested by a variety of religions and political ideologies, including Christianity, communism, classical liberalism, fascism, and utopian socialism.", "New Man (utopian concept) __knowledge__ The doctrines of Paul the Apostle speak of Adam both as the fallen \"Old Adam\" and a \"New Adam\" as referring collectively to the fallen Old Man of humanity and a resurrected New Man following Jesus.", "New Man (utopian concept) __knowledge__ Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche's concept of an \"Übermensch\" (\"Overman\") was that of a New Man who would be a leader by example to humanity through an existentialist will to power that was vitalist and irrationalist in nature.", "Rajneesh __knowledge__ In 1970 Rajneesh spent time in Mumbai initiating followers known as \"neo-sannyasins.\"", "Rajneesh __knowledge__ During this period he expanded his spiritual teachings and through his discourses gave an original insight into the writings of religious traditions, mystics, and philosophers from around the world.", "Rajneesh __knowledge__ In 1974 Rajneesh relocated to Pune where a foundation and ashram was established to offer a variety of \"transformational tools\" for both Indian and international visitors.", "Rajneesh __knowledge__ By the late 1970s, tension between the ruling Janata Party government of Morarji Desai and the movement led to a curbing of the ashram's development.", "Lad culture __knowledge__ Lad culture (also laddish culture and laddism) is a British subculture initially associated with the Britpop movement.", "Lad culture __knowledge__ Arising in the early 1990s, the image of the \"lad\" – or \"new lad\" – was that of a generally middle class figure espousing attitudes typically attributed to the working classes.", "Lad culture __knowledge__ The subculture involves young men assuming an anti-intellectual position, shunning sensitivity in favour of drinking, violence, and sexism.", "Lad culture __knowledge__ The term \"new lad\" was coined by journalist Sean O'Hagan in a 1993 article about a young, brash and boisterous economist called David \"Lad Lad Lad\" Sturrock in \"Arena\".", "The New Man in Charge __knowledge__ \"The New Man in Charge\" is the epilogue of ABC's serial drama television series \"Lost\".", "The New Man in Charge __knowledge__ It was written by Melinda Hsu Taylor, Graham Roland and Jim Galasso, and directed by Paul Edwards.", "The New Man in Charge __knowledge__ Though it never aired on television, the epilogue was released on August 24, 2010, on both the Complete Sixth Season DVD and the Complete Collection boxset.", "The New Man in Charge __knowledge__ Prior to its release \"The New Man in Charge\", was leaked online on August 6, 2010, 18 days before the official release.", "The New Man in Charge __knowledge__ The epilogue focuses on the actions taken by the characters of Hugo \"Hurley\" Reyes (Jorge Garcia) and Ben Linus (Michael Emerson), after the events of the series finale, \"The End\".", "Jesus in Christianity __knowledge__ In Christianity, Jesus is the Messiah (Christ) and through his crucifixion and resurrection, humans can be reconciled to God and thereby are offered salvation and the promise of eternal life.", "Jesus in Christianity __knowledge__ These teachings emphasize that as the willing Lamb of God, Jesus chose to suffer on the cross at Calvary as a sign of his full obedience to the will of God the Father, as an \"agent and servant of God\".", "Jesus in Christianity __knowledge__ The choice Jesus made thus counter-positions him as a new man of morality and obedience, in contrast to Adam's disobedience.", "Jesus in Christianity __knowledge__ Christians believe that Jesus was both human and divine—the Son of God.", "Jesus in Christianity __knowledge__ While there has been theological debate over the nature of Jesus, Trinitarian Christians believe that Jesus is the Logos, God incarnate, God the Son, and \"true God and true man\"—both fully divine and fully human.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Tripartite Model of Anxiety and Depression __knowledge__ Watson and Clark (1991) proposed the Tripartite Model of Anxiety and Depression to help explain the comorbidity between anxious and depressive symptoms and disorders.", "Tripartite Model of Anxiety and Depression __knowledge__ This model divides the symptoms of anxiety and depression into three groups: negative affect, positive affect and physiological hyperarousal.", "Tripartite Model of Anxiety and Depression __knowledge__ These three sets of symptoms help explain common and distinct aspects of depression and anxiety.", "Tripartite Model of Anxiety and Depression __knowledge__ The ability to distinguish between anxiety and depression with this model may help increase diagnostic accuracy and help eliminate the complications that occur with comorbidity.", "Tripartite Model of Anxiety and Depression __knowledge__ According to Clark, depressed patients have a comorbidity rate of 57% for any anxiety disorder.", "Music as a coping strategy __knowledge__ Music as a coping strategy involves the use of music (either through listening or playing music) in order to reduce many of the psychological and physical manifestations of stress, as well as stress itself.", "Music as a coping strategy __knowledge__ The use of music to cope with stress is an example of an emotion-focused, adaptive coping strategy in that it is typically geared towards the reduction or elimination of perceived feelings that arise in response to stress, rather than the stressor itself.", "Music as a coping strategy __knowledge__ In essence, advocates of this therapy claim that the use of music helps to lower perceived stress levels in patients, as well as lower more biologically measurable quantities such as the levels of epinephrine and cortisol.", "Regulation of emotion __knowledge__ Regulation of emotion describes ways that people attempt to regulate their emotions, for instance by denying, intensifying, weakening, curtailing, masking, or completely hiding them.", "Regulation of emotion __knowledge__ Emotion regulation can also be described as the process in which people modify their emotional reactions—the coping processes that increase or decrease the intensity of the moment.", "Regulation of emotion __knowledge__ Human lives can be divided into three major stages: childhood, adolescence and adulthood.", "Regulation of emotion __knowledge__ During each of these phases regulation of emotions drastically improves.", "Regulation of emotion __knowledge__ There are individual differences in the way people regulate their emotions and in how well they do it.", "Solitary confinement __knowledge__ Solitary confinement is a form of imprisonment in which an inmate is isolated from any human contact, often with the exception of members of prison staff, for 22–24 hours a day, with a sentence ranging from days to decades.", "Solitary confinement __knowledge__ It is mostly employed as a form of punishment beyond incarceration for a prisoner, usually for violations of prison regulations.", "Solitary confinement __knowledge__ However, it is also used as an additional measure of protection for vulnerable inmates.", "Solitary confinement __knowledge__ In the case of prisoners at high risk of suicide, it can be used to prevent access to items that could allow the prisoner to self-harm.", "Solitary confinement __knowledge__ Solitary confinement is colloquially referred to in American English as \"the hotbox\", \"the hole\", \"AdSeg\" (administrative segregation), the \"SHU\" (pronounced \"shoe\"), an acronym for \"Special Housing Unit\" or \"Security Housing Unit\", or \"the pound\"; in British English as \"the block\", \"The Segregation Unit\", or \"the cooler\".", "Placebo __knowledge__ A placebo ( ; Latin \"placēbō\", \"I shall please\" from \"placeō\", \"I please\") is a substance or treatment with no active therapeutic effect.", "Placebo __knowledge__ A placebo may be given to a person in order to deceive the recipient into thinking that it is an active treatment.", "Placebo __knowledge__ In drug testing and medical research, a placebo can be made to resemble an active medication or therapy so that it functions as a control; this is to prevent the recipient(s) and/or others from knowing (with their consent) whether a treatment is active or inactive, as expectations about efficacy can influence results.", "Placebo __knowledge__ This psychological phenomenon, in which the recipient perceives an improvement in condition due to personal expectations, rather than the treatment itself, is known as the placebo effect or placebo response.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ Video game controversies are societal and scientific arguments about whether the content of video games change the behavior and attitudes of a player, and whether this is reflected in video game culture overall.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ Since the early 2000s, advocates of video games have emphasized their use as an expressive medium, arguing for their protection under the laws governing freedom of speech and also as an educational tool.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ Detractors argue that video games are harmful and therefore should be subject to legislative oversight and restrictions.", "Video game controversies __knowledge__ The positive and negative characteristics and effects of video games are the subject of scientific study." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking is a practice in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed in to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.", "Smoking __knowledge__ Most commonly the substance is the dried leaves of the tobacco plant which have been rolled into a small square of rice paper to create a small, round cylinder called a \"cigarette\".", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking is primarily practiced as a route of administration for recreational drug use because the combustion of the dried plant leaves vaporizes and delivers active substances into the lungs where they are rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and reach bodily tissue.", "Smoking __knowledge__ In the case of cigarette smoking these substances are contained in a mixture of aerosol particles and gasses and include the pharmacologically active alkaloid nicotine; the vaporization creates heated aerosol and gas to form that allows inhalation and deep penetration into the lungs where absorption into the bloodstream of the active substances occurs.", "Smoking __knowledge__ In some cultures, smoking is also carried out as a part of various rituals, where participants use it to help induce trance-like states that, they believe, can lead them to spiritual enlightenment.", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking generally has negative health effects, because smoke inhalation inherently poses challenges to various physiologic processes such as respiration.", "Statute of Labourers 1351 __knowledge__ The Statute of Labourers was a law created by the English parliament under King Edward III in 1351 in response to a labour shortage, designed to suppress the labour force by prohibiting increases in wages and prohibiting the movement of workers from their home areas in search of improved conditions.", "Statute of Labourers 1351 __knowledge__ It was poorly enforced and did not stop the rise in wages.", "Statute of Labourers 1351 __knowledge__ The Black Death or Bubonic Plague, which killed more than one-third of the population of Europe, killed 30%−50% of the population in Britain, caused a dramatic decrease in the supply of labour.", "Statute of Labourers 1351 __knowledge__ Lords suddenly faced a sharp increase in competition for workers to work for them.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ \"Srugim\", is an Israeli television drama which originally aired on Yes TV between 2008 and 2012.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ It was directed by Laizy Shapiro, who co-created it with Hava Divon.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ The series contains five main characters played by Ohad Knoller, Amos Tamam, Ya'el Sharoni, Tali Sharon, Sharon Fauster, and Uri Lachmi.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ Portrayed by Ohad Knoller.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ His father is Gershon, he has a younger brother Roi, and two sisters, Hani and Atara.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ Nati is a Surgical intern at Hadassah Medical Center, originally from Ra'anana.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ During season 1 Nati turns 31.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ Went to Bnei Akiva seminary with Yifat.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ He is allergic to Eggplant.", "List of Srugim characters __knowledge__ His only travel has been to China and India.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ This list is of characters featured in the \"Gaunt's Ghosts\" series of novels by Dan Abnett, which are set in the fictional \"Warhammer 40,000\" universe.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Biographical details are included.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Colonel-Commissar Ibram Gaunt is the commanding officer of the Tanith First-and-Only during the Sabbat Worlds Crusade.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Not much is known of Gaunt's past prior to his training under Commissar-General Delane Oktar, but several flashbacks in \"First and Only\" tell enough to form a picture of his early years (according to the records, his mother died shortly after he was born and his father was killed in action by Orks on the planet Kentaur).", "Pompey __knowledge__ Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (; 29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), usually known in English as Pompey or Pompey the Great, was a military and political leader of the late Roman Republic.", "Pompey __knowledge__ He came from a wealthy Italian provincial background, and his father had been the first to establish the family among the Roman nobility.", "Pompey __knowledge__ Pompey's immense success as a general while still very young enabled him to advance directly to his first consulship without meeting the normal requirements for office.", "Pompey __knowledge__ His success as a military commander in Sulla's second civil war resulted in Sulla bestowing the nickname \"Magnus\", \"the Great\", upon him.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Rock Band is a series of music video games developed by Harmonix and MTV Games, and distributed by Electronic Arts for the Nintendo DS, iOS, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PSP, Wii, Xbox One and Xbox 360 game systems.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ The series, inspired by Harmonix's previous efforts on the \"Guitar Hero\" series, allows up to four players to simulate the performance of popular rock music songs by playing with controllers modeled after musical instruments.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Players can play the lead guitar, bass guitar, keyboard, and drums parts to songs, as well as sing into a USB microphone.", "Rock Band __knowledge__ Players are scored on their ability to match scrolling musical notes while playing instruments, and by their ability to match the singer's pitch on vocals.", "Saladin __knowledge__ An-Nasir Salah ad-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub ( / ALA-LC: \"Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb\"; / ALA-LC: \"Selahedînê Eyûbî\"), known as Salah ad-Din or Saladin (; 11374 March 1193), was the first sultan of Egypt and Syria and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty.", "Saladin __knowledge__ A Sunni Muslim of Kurdish ethnicity, Saladin led the Muslim military campaign against the Crusader states in the Levant.", "Saladin __knowledge__ At the height of his power, his sultanate included Egypt, Syria, Upper Mesopotamia, the Hejaz, Yemen and other parts of North Africa.", "Saladin __knowledge__ Originally sent to Fatimid Egypt in 1164 accompanying his uncle Shirkuh, a general of the Zengid army, on orders of their lord Nur ad-Din, an \"atabeg\" of the Seljuks, to consolidate Shawar amid his ongoing power struggle for vizier to the teenage Fatimid caliph .", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Gunpowder is the first physical explosive and propellant.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Before its invention, many incendiary and burning devices had been used, including Greek fire.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ The invention of gunpowder is attributed to experimentation in Chinese alchemy by Taoists in the pursuit of immortality, and is popularly listed as one of the \"Four Great Inventions\" of China.", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ It was invented during the late Tang dynasty (9th century) but the earliest record of a written formula appeared in the Song dynasty (11th century).", "History of gunpowder __knowledge__ Knowledge of gunpowder spread rapidly throughout the Old World possibly as a result of the Mongol conquests during the 13th century, with written formula for it appearing in the 1267 \"Opus Majus\" treatise by Roger Bacon and a 1280 treatise by Hasan al-Rammah.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ This is a list of smoking bans by country.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Smoking bans are public policies, including criminal laws and occupational safety and health regulations, which prohibit tobacco smoking in workplaces and/or other public spaces.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Legislation may also, in some cases, restrict the carrying or possessing of any lit tobacco product.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ A law came into effect on 30 May 2007 restricting smoking in closed public areas and outlawing the advertisement of tobacco, although the measure was reportedly poorly enforced in the country until 2013.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ From 2013 law enforcement has been implemented, and smoking is strictly forbidden in closed public areas, including bars, pubs, restaurants etc.", "History of smoking __knowledge__ The history of smoking dates back to as early as 4000 BC in the Americas in shamanistic rituals.", "History of smoking __knowledge__ With the arrival of the Europeans in the 16th century, the consumption, cultivation, and trading of tobacco quickly spread.", "History of smoking __knowledge__ The modernization of farming equipment and manufacturing increased the availability of cigarettes following the reconstruction era in the United States.", "History of smoking __knowledge__ Mass production quickly expanded the scope of consumption, which grew until the scientific controversies of the 1960s, and condemnation in the 1980s.", "History of smoking __knowledge__ Cannabis was common in the Middle East before the arrival of tobacco, and is known to have existed in at least 5000 BC.", "Smoking ban __knowledge__ Smoking bans (or smoke-free laws) are public policies, including criminal laws and occupational safety and health regulations, that prohibit tobacco smoking in workplaces and other public spaces.", "Smoking ban __knowledge__ Legislation may also define smoking as more generally being the carrying or possessing of any lit tobacco product.", "Smoking ban __knowledge__ Smoking bans are enacted in an attempt to protect people from the effects of second-hand smoke, which include an increased risk of heart disease, cancer, emphysema, and other diseases.", "Smoking ban __knowledge__ Laws implementing bans on indoor smoking have been introduced by many countries in various forms over the years, with some legislators citing scientific evidence that shows tobacco smoking is harmful to the smokers themselves and to those inhaling second-hand smoke.", "Tobacco smoking __knowledge__ Tobacco smoking is the practice of smoking tobacco and inhaling tobacco smoke (consisting of particle and gaseous phases).", "Tobacco smoking __knowledge__ (A more broad definition may include simply taking tobacco smoke into the mouth, and then releasing it, as is done by some with tobacco pipes and cigars.)", "Tobacco smoking __knowledge__ The practice was believed to begin as early as 5000–3000 BC.", "Tobacco smoking __knowledge__ Tobacco was introduced to Eurasia in the late 17th century where it followed common trade routes.", "Tobacco smoking __knowledge__ The practice encountered criticism from its first import into the Western world onwards, but embedded itself in certain strata of a number of societies before becoming widespread upon the introduction of automated cigarette-rolling apparatus.", "Tobacco advertising __knowledge__ Tobacco advertising is the advertising of tobacco products or use (typically cigarette smoking) by the tobacco industry through a variety of media including sponsorship, particularly of sporting events.", "Tobacco advertising __knowledge__ It is now one of the most highly regulated forms of marketing.", "Tobacco advertising __knowledge__ Some or all forms of tobacco advertising are banned in many countries.", "Tobacco advertising __knowledge__ The first known advertisement in the United States was for the snuff and tobacco products of P. Lorillard and Company and was placed in the New York daily paper in 1789.", "Tobacco advertising __knowledge__ Advertising was an emerging concept, and tobacco-related advertisements were not seen as any different from those for other products: tobacco's negative impact on health was unknown at the time.", "1950 Wynder and Graham Study __knowledge__ The 1950 Wynder and Graham Study was conducted by Ernest Wynder and Evarts Graham and was entitled \"Tobacco Smoking as a Possible Etiologic Factor in Bronchiogenic Carcinoma: A Study of Six Hundred and Eighty-Four Proved Cases\".", "1950 Wynder and Graham Study __knowledge__ It was published on May 27, 1950.", "1950 Wynder and Graham Study __knowledge__ It was a case-control study to determine the relationship between various external factors and the development of bronchogenic carcinoma.", "1950 Wynder and Graham Study __knowledge__ The study concluded that long-term tobacco usage contributes to the onset of lung cancer, as an overwhelming majority (96.5%) of the men with the disease were classified as moderate to heavy smokers for an extended period of time, compared to a lower percentage of the general hospital population control group." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking is a practice in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed in to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.", "Smoking __knowledge__ Most commonly the substance is the dried leaves of the tobacco plant which have been rolled into a small square of rice paper to create a small, round cylinder called a \"cigarette\".", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking is primarily practiced as a route of administration for recreational drug use because the combustion of the dried plant leaves vaporizes and delivers active substances into the lungs where they are rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and reach bodily tissue.", "Smoking __knowledge__ In the case of cigarette smoking these substances are contained in a mixture of aerosol particles and gasses and include the pharmacologically active alkaloid nicotine; the vaporization creates heated aerosol and gas to form that allows inhalation and deep penetration into the lungs where absorption into the bloodstream of the active substances occurs.", "Smoking __knowledge__ In some cultures, smoking is also carried out as a part of various rituals, where participants use it to help induce trance-like states that, they believe, can lead them to spiritual enlightenment.", "Smoking __knowledge__ Smoking generally has negative health effects, because smoke inhalation inherently poses challenges to various physiologic processes such as respiration.", "Smoking ban __knowledge__ Smoking bans (or smoke-free laws) are public policies, including criminal laws and occupational safety and health regulations, that prohibit tobacco smoking in workplaces and other public spaces.", "Smoking ban __knowledge__ Legislation may also define smoking as more generally being the carrying or possessing of any lit tobacco product.", "Smoking ban __knowledge__ Smoking bans are enacted in an attempt to protect people from the effects of second-hand smoke, which include an increased risk of heart disease, cancer, emphysema, and other diseases.", "Smoking ban __knowledge__ Laws implementing bans on indoor smoking have been introduced by many countries in various forms over the years, with some legislators citing scientific evidence that shows tobacco smoking is harmful to the smokers themselves and to those inhaling second-hand smoke.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ This is a list of smoking bans by country.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Smoking bans are public policies, including criminal laws and occupational safety and health regulations, which prohibit tobacco smoking in workplaces and/or other public spaces.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ Legislation may also, in some cases, restrict the carrying or possessing of any lit tobacco product.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ A law came into effect on 30 May 2007 restricting smoking in closed public areas and outlawing the advertisement of tobacco, although the measure was reportedly poorly enforced in the country until 2013.", "List of smoking bans __knowledge__ From 2013 law enforcement has been implemented, and smoking is strictly forbidden in closed public areas, including bars, pubs, restaurants etc.", "List of smoking bans in the United States __knowledge__ The following is a list of smoking bans in the United States.", "List of smoking bans in the United States __knowledge__ For smoking bans and restrictions outside the United States, see the worldwide list of smoking bans.", "List of smoking bans in the United States __knowledge__ The United States Congress has not attempted to enact any nationwide federal smoking ban.", "List of smoking bans in the United States __knowledge__ Therefore, smoking bans in the United States are entirely a product of first-level jurisdictional, local criminal, and occupational safety and health laws.", "List of smoking bans in the United States __knowledge__ In 1995, California was the first state to enact a statewide smoking ban; throughout the early to mid-2000s, especially between 2004 and 2007, an increasing number of states enacted a statewide smoking ban of some kind.", "Smoking in China __knowledge__ Smoking in China is prevalent, as the People's Republic of China is the world's largest consumer and producer of tobacco: there are 350 million Chinese smokers, and China produces 42% of the world's cigarettes.", "Smoking in China __knowledge__ The China National Tobacco Corporation (中国烟草总公司 \"Zhōngguó Yāncǎo Zǒnggōngsī\") is by sales the largest single manufacturer of tobacco products in the world and boasts a monopoly in Mainland China generating between 7 and 10% of government revenue.", "Smoking in China __knowledge__ Within the Chinese guanxi system, tobacco is still a ubiquitous gift acceptable on any occasion, particularly outside urban areas.", "Smoking in China __knowledge__ Tobacco control legislation does exist, but public enforcement is rare to non-existent outside the most highly internationalized cities, such as Shanghai and Beijing.", "Cigarette smoking among college students __knowledge__ The majority of lifelong smokers begin smoking habits before the age of 24, which makes the college years a critical time for tobacco companies to convince college students to pick up the habit of cigarette smoking.", "Cigarette smoking among college students __knowledge__ Cigarette smoking in college is seen as a social activity by those who partake in it, and more than half of the students that are users do not consider themselves smokers.", "Cigarette smoking among college students __knowledge__ This may be because most college students plan to quit smoking by the time that they graduate.", "Cigarette smoking among college students __knowledge__ The prevalence of cigarette smoking by college students increased through the 1990s, but has since leveled off and seen decreases in recent years.", "List of smoking bans in Australia __knowledge__ The following is a list of smoking bans in Australia, implemented by the federal, state and territory, and local governments.", "List of smoking bans in Australia __knowledge__ Federal law bans smoking in all Australian Commonwealth government buildings, public transport, airports, and international and domestic flights.", "List of smoking bans in Australia __knowledge__ Further bans are in place but are governed by individual states.", "List of smoking bans in Australia __knowledge__ Currently all Australian states and territories have banned smoking in vehicles with children, in some enclosed public places, particularly most major company-owned workplaces, and most enclosed restaurants.", "List of smoking bans in Australia __knowledge__ Tobacco products cannot be sold or supplied to persons under 18 years old, but there is no legal age to use them.", "Smoking bans in private vehicles __knowledge__ Smoking bans in private vehicles are enacted to protect passengers from secondhand smoke and to increase road traffic safety, e.g.", "Smoking bans in private vehicles __knowledge__ by preventing the driver from being distracted by the act of smoking.", "Smoking bans in private vehicles __knowledge__ Private vehicles are used by individuals for personal transportation; smoking bans in private vehicles are less common than bans extended to public transport or vehicles used during work, like trucks or police cars.", "Smoking bans in private vehicles __knowledge__ The acts of looking for, reaching for, and then lighting cigarettes can considerably distract the driver.", "Smoking bans in private vehicles __knowledge__ A burning cigarette or marijuana joint that has fallen into the driver's lap might lead to panic-like reactions." ] ]

[ 1, 6, 5, 42, 15 ]

[ "Well smoke is absorbed in the blood stream so how do you feel about that?", "Yeah because of all the negative effects especially physiological I can imagine that.", "It must have been hard since smoking is culturally very prominent in the United States", "You know there is a bunch of smoking bans in some countries it's pretty crazy.", "Yeah it's banned in pubs, restaurants, and mostly public areas so that's pretty good" ]

[ "Smoking", "Smoking", "Smoking", "Smoking", "Smoking" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza the great food ever! I love New York style.", "However, I am not a big fan of Chicago deep dish." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ Tiffany Pollard (born January 6, 1982), sometimes known by her nickname New York, is an American reality television personality and actress.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ She first achieved public recognition for her participation in VH1's \"Flavor of Love\" and \"I Love New York\".", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ Pollard was given the nickname \"New York\" by rapper Flavor Flav.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ She is also known colloquially by her self-proclaimed nickname, the \"HBIC (Head Bitch In Charge)\", which she exclaimed in the \"Flavor of Love\" series to taunt her competitors.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ In 2016, Pollard took part in the British television series \"Celebrity Big Brother\", finishing in fourth place.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa is a popular form of social dance that originated in the Caribbean.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The movements of salsa have origins in Puerto Rican bomba and plena, Cuban Son, cha-cha-cha, mambo and other dance forms.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ The dance, along with the salsa music, originated in the mid-1970s in New York.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Different regions of Latin America and the United States have distinct salsa styles of their own, such as Cuban, Puerto Rican, Cali Colombia, L.A. and New York styles.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ Salsa dance socials are commonly held in night clubs, bars, ballrooms, restaurants, and outside, especially if part of an outdoor festival.", "Salsa (dance) __knowledge__ In many styles of salsa dancing, as a dancer shifts their weight by stepping, the upper body remains level and nearly unaffected by the weight changes.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ I Love New York (season 1) is first season of the VH1 reality television series entitled \"I Love New York\".", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season consisted of 12 episodes, which first aired weekly from January 8, 2007 to April 15, 2007.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ In July 2006, VH1 published a casting call looking for contestants for their new series tentatively titled \"The Flavorette\".", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ Various blogs speculated that the star of this program could be \"Flavor of Love\" season one contestants \"Rain\" (Thela Brown), \"Hoopz\" (Nicole Alexander) or Pollard.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ Before the second season finale of \"Flavor of Love\", Pollard denied having her own show but when the Flavor of Love season 2 finale aired, she confirmed she was the \"Flavorette\" and that she was already down to the final three contestants.", "I Love New York (TV series) __knowledge__ I Love New York is a reality television series featuring Tiffany \"New York\" Pollard on a quest to find her true love.", "I Love New York (TV series) __knowledge__ The series first aired on VH1 as a spin off to \"Flavor of Love\", another relationship competition series, which featured Pollard as a finalist in two consecutive seasons.", "I Love New York (TV series) __knowledge__ The winner of the show's first season, Tango (Patrick S. Hunter) failed to deliver as New York's soul mate.", "I Love New York (TV series) __knowledge__ When the second season aired, Tailor Made (George Weisgerber) was revealed as New York's chosen flame.", "I Love New York (TV series) __knowledge__ (Weisgerber and Pollard later separated during the taping of \"New York Goes to Hollywood\".)", "I Love New York (TV series) __knowledge__ In addition to Pollard, a host of other individuals from \"Flavor of Love\", including \"Sister\" Patterson (Pollard's mother), appeared on the show to help Pollard choose the right man.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ I Love New York (stylized I ❤ NY) is a slogan, a logo and a song that are the basis of an advertising campaign and has been used since 1977 to promote tourism in the state of New York, including New York City.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ The trademarked logo, owned by the New York State Department of Economic Development, appears in souvenir shops and brochures throughout the state, some licensed, many not.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ The \"I Love New York\" song is the state song of New York.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ The logo was designed by graphic designer Milton Glaser in 1976 in the back of a taxi, and was drawn with red crayon on scrap paper.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ The original drawing is now held in the Museum of Modern Art in Manhattan.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Rosati's __knowledge__ Rosati's Pizza is the second largest local chain of restaurants in the Chicago metropolitan area, (behind only Portillo's).", "Rosati's __knowledge__ The Rosati's Pizza franchise now consists of 158 locations with 25 being Rosati's Pizza Sports Pubs.", "Rosati's __knowledge__ Rosati's locations offers Chicago Deep Dish, Thin Crust, Double-Dough Pizzas, Calzones, a variety of pastas, sandwiches, salads, desserts along with catering.", "Rosati's __knowledge__ The chain centers its business around the thin-crust and deep dish varieties of Chicago-style pizza.", "Rosati's __knowledge__ Rosati's was established in 1964 in Mt.", "Rosati's __knowledge__ Prospect, IL.", "Rosati's __knowledge__ The Rosati's brand has opened locations around the country in: Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, Nevada, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and Wisconsin.", "Sharam __knowledge__ Sharam Tayebi (, born January 12, 1970), better known as Sharam, is an Iranian-born American techno and house DJ and producer.", "Sharam __knowledge__ Born in Tehran, Iran, he emigrated to Washington D.C. as a child.", "Sharam __knowledge__ A mainstay of the Washington underground dance music scene, he has been active both as one half of the duo Deep Dish and solo artist, producer and mixer.", "Sharam __knowledge__ As part of Deep Dish, with Ali \"Dubfire\" Shirazinia, Sharam released two albums and produced or remixed a library of other releases including those from Janet Jackson, Stevie Nicks, Rolling Stones as well as others.", "Sharam __knowledge__ The duo received a Grammy nomination for their remix of Madonna's \"Music\" and won the \"Best Remixed Recording\" Grammy for their remix of Dido's \"Thank You.” Deep Dish were nominated two times for their \"George Is On\" album—Best Single (\"Say Hello\") and Best Remix (\"Flashdance\" remixed by David Guetta).", "Dubfire __knowledge__ Ali Shirazinia (), commonly known by his stage name Dubfire, is an Iranian American house and techno DJ and producer.", "Dubfire __knowledge__ Prior to his solo career, Dubfire made up half of the four times nominated and Grammy Award-winning duo, Deep Dish.", "Dubfire __knowledge__ Dubfire's style is noticeably different from that of Deep Dish, consisting of techno rather than progressive house.", "Dubfire __knowledge__ Growing up in the Washington, DC area, Dubfire spent much of his youth playing the guitar in school bands and listening to heavy doses of classic hip hop, jazz/rare groove, dub, new wave and industrial and was also influenced by the local punk scene and the music of Washington DC-based bands including Fugazi and Minor Threat.", "DeeDee Halleck __knowledge__ DeeDee Halleck (born January 5, 1940) is a media activist, founder of Paper Tiger Television and co-founder of the Deep Dish Satellite Network, the first grass roots community television network.", "DeeDee Halleck __knowledge__ She is Professor Emerita in the Department of Communication at the University of California, San Diego.", "DeeDee Halleck __knowledge__ Her first film, \"Children Make Movies\" (1961), was about a film-making project at Lillian Wald's Henry Street Settlement in Lower Manhattan.", "DeeDee Halleck __knowledge__ Her film, \"Mural on Our Street\" was nominated for an Academy Award in 1965.", "DeeDee Halleck __knowledge__ She has led media workshops with elementary school children, reform school youth, senior citizens and migrant farmers.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza refers to several different styles of pizza developed in Chicago.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Arguably, the most famous of these is known as deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ The pan in which it is baked gives the pizza its characteristically high edge which gives a lot of space for large amounts of cheese and a chunky tomato sauce.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza may be prepared in deep-dish style and as a stuffed pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ According to Tim Samuelson, Chicago's official cultural historian, there is not enough documentation to determine with certainty who invented Chicago-style deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ It is often reported that Chicago-style deep-dish pizza was invented at Pizzeria Uno in Chicago, in 1943, by Uno's founder Ike Sewell, a former University of Texas football star.", "Don't Leave Home __knowledge__ \"Don't Leave Home\" is the third single released in the UK from Dido's second album, \"Life for Rent\".", "Don't Leave Home __knowledge__ It was officially released on 12 April 2004.", "Don't Leave Home __knowledge__ Even though it didn't go further than number 25 on the UK Singles Chart, it stayed in the charts for nine weeks.", "Don't Leave Home __knowledge__ The song was however a radio hit, peaking at #1 on the official airplay chart in early 2004.", "Don't Leave Home __knowledge__ \"Don't Leave Home\" deals with drug addiction.", "Don't Leave Home __knowledge__ It is written and sung from the unusual point of view of the drug singing to the person who is addicted to it.", "Don't Leave Home __knowledge__ It was originally a demo recorded for her 1999 album \"No Angel\" that was instead included on the 2003 album, \"Life for Rent.\"", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Uno Pizzeria & Grill (formerly Pizzeria Uno and Uno Chicago Grill), or more informally as Unos, is a franchised pizzeria restaurant chain under the parent company Uno Restaurant Holdings Corporation.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Uno Pizzeria and Grill is best known for its Chicago-style deep dish pizza.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Ike Sewell opened the first Pizzeria Uno in 1943.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ The first Uno's was established in 1943 by former University of Texas football star Ike Sewell and his friend, former World War II G.I.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Ric Riccardo, in the River North neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.", "Uno Pizzeria &amp; Grill __knowledge__ Sewell originally intended to open a Mexican restaurant because \"there wasn't a really decent Mexican restaurant in Chicago then.\"", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ Pizza cheese encompasses several varieties and types of cheeses and dairy products that are designed and manufactured for use specifically on pizza.", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ These include processed and modified cheese such as mozzarella-like processed cheeses and mozzarella variants.", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ The term can also refer to any type of cheese suitable for use on pizza.", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ The most popular cheeses used in the preparation of pizza are mozzarella (accounting for about 30%), provolone, cheddar and Parmesan.", "Pizza cheese __knowledge__ Emmental, Romano and ricotta are often used as toppings, and processed pizza cheeses manufactured specifically for pizza are mass-produced.", "St. Louis-style pizza __knowledge__ St. Louis-style pizza is a distinct type of pizza popular in the Midwestern American city of St. Louis, Missouri and surrounding areas.", "St. Louis-style pizza __knowledge__ The definitive characteristics of St. Louis-style pizza are a very thin cracker like crust made without yeast, the common (but not universal) use of Provel processed cheese, and pizzas cut into squares or rectangles instead of wedges.", "St. Louis-style pizza __knowledge__ The thin, cracker-like round crust is made without yeast, as opposed to a deep dish Chicago-style pizza or the thin but leavened New York-style pizza.", "St. Louis-style pizza __knowledge__ The crust of a St. Louis pizza is somewhat crisp and cannot be folded easily so the pizza is typically cut into three- or four-inch squares or rectangles instead of the pie-like wedges typical of many pizza styles.", "Chorizo __knowledge__ Chorizo ( or , from Spanish; or ) or Chouriço (from Portuguese) is a type of pork sausage.", "Chorizo __knowledge__ Traditionally, it uses natural casings made from intestines, a method used since Roman times.", "Chorizo __knowledge__ In Europe, chorizo is a fermented, cured, smoked sausage, which may be sliced and eaten without cooking, or added as an ingredient to add flavor to other dishes.", "Chorizo __knowledge__ Elsewhere, some sausages sold as chorizo may not be fermented and cured, and require cooking before eating.", "Chorizo __knowledge__ Spanish chorizo and Portuguese chouriço get their distinctive smokiness and deep red color from dried, smoked, red peppers (\"pimentón\"/\"pimentão\")." ] ]

[ 1, 7, 8 ]

[ "Hello I love eating pizza, the traditional Italian dish ", "Yes that style is one of the most popular pizza styles in the world ", "Really? There are many chains specializing in chicago deep dish" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Bathroom singing\nI love singing in the bathroom ", "Hahaha singing during having my bathe", "Yes that is true... ", "Yes it's always fun, I hope u enjoys that too? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Bathroom singing, also known as singing in the bathroom, singing in the bath, or singing in the shower, is a widespread phenomenon.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Many people sing in the bathroom because the hard wall surfaces, often tiles or wooden panels, and lack of soft furnishings, create an aurally pleasing acoustic environment.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ The multiple reflections from walls enrich the sound of one's voice.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Small dimensions and hard surfaces of a typical bathroom produce various kinds of standing waves, reverberation and echoes, giving the voice \"fullness and depth.\"", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ This habit was reported (with an attempt of explanations) centuries ago.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ For example, Ibn Khaldun in Chapter 1 of his \"Muqaddimah\" writes: The bathroom singer is an ironic reference to mediocre or amateur singers.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Jon Anderson had tiles installed in the studio, to simulate the echo effect of one's vocals in a bathroom.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ This effect was not used only by singers.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Paul Simon wrote: \"Weird Al\" Yankovic in fact in 1979 recorded his first single, \"My Bologna,\" in the bathroom across from the California Polytechnic State University student radio station where he was DJing at the time.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ \"There's More to Life Than This\", the fourth track on Björk's 1993 album \"Debut\", was recorded live in the toilets of the Milk Bar clubnight, London.", "Darlene Love __knowledge__ Darlene Wright (born July 26, 1941), known by her stage name, Darlene Love, is an American popular music singer and actress.", "Darlene Love __knowledge__ She gained prominence in the 1960s for the song \"He's a Rebel,\" a No.", "Darlene Love __knowledge__ 1 American single in 1962, and was one of the artists who performed on the celebrated Christmas album \"A Christmas Gift for You from Phil Spector,\" produced by Phil Spector in 1963.", "Darlene Love __knowledge__ She is ranked number 84 among Rolling Stone's 100 Greatest Singers.", "Darlene Love __knowledge__ As a minister's daughter, she grew up listening to gospel music and was a dedicated member of her church.", "Darlene Love __knowledge__ She began singing in her church choir at age ten.", "Darlene Love __knowledge__ During choir practice she caught the attention of choir director Cora Martin.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ Courtney Michelle Love (born Courtney Michelle Harrison; July 9, 1964) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and visual artist.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ A notable presence in the punk and grunge scenes of the 1990s, Love has enjoyed a career that spans four decades.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ She rose to prominence as the frontwoman of the alternative rock band Hole, which she formed in 1989.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ Love has drawn public attention for her uninhibited live performances and confrontational lyrics, as well as her highly publicized personal life following her marriage to Kurt Cobain.", "Courtney Love __knowledge__ The daughter of Hank Harrison and psychotherapist Linda Carroll, Love had an itinerant early life.", "The Pointer Sisters __knowledge__ The Pointer Sisters are an American R&B singing group from Oakland, California, who achieved mainstream success during the 1970s and 1980s.", "The Pointer Sisters __knowledge__ Spanning over four decades, their repertoire has included such diverse genres as pop, disco, jazz, electronic music, bebop, blues, soul, funk, dance, country and rock.", "The Pointer Sisters __knowledge__ The Pointer Sisters have won three Grammy Awards and received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1994.", "The Pointer Sisters __knowledge__ The group had 13 US top 20 hits between 1973 and 1985.", "The Pointer Sisters __knowledge__ The group had its origins when sisters June and Bonnie Pointer began performing in clubs in 1969 as \"Pointers, a Pair\".", "The Pointer Sisters __knowledge__ The line-up grew to a trio when sister Anita Pointer joined them.", "Sailor Venus __knowledge__ , better known as , is a fictional character in the \"Sailor Moon\" manga series written by Naoko Takeuchi.", "Sailor Venus __knowledge__ Minako is her sailor form's alternative human identity as part of the Sailor Soldiers, female supernatural fighters who protect the Solar System from evil.", "Sailor Venus __knowledge__ Minako is the fourth Sailor Soldier to be discovered by Usagi Tsukino, although she was the first Soldier to awaken her powers, even before Usagi did.", "Sailor Venus __knowledge__ She possesses powers associated with love and beauty, light, and golden material metal.", "Sailor Venus __knowledge__ In the manga and anime series, she dreams of becoming a famous idol, but in the live-action series, her character is already a well-known celebrity.", "2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate desulfinase __knowledge__ In enzymology, a 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate desulfinase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate and HO, whereas its two products are 2-hydroxybiphenyl and sulfite.", "2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate desulfinase __knowledge__ This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on carbon-sulfur bonds.", "2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate desulfinase __knowledge__ The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate sulfohydrolase.", "2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate desulfinase __knowledge__ Other names in common use include gene dszB-encoded hydrolase, 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl) benzenesulfinate:HO hydrolase, DszB, HBPSi desulfinase, 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl) benzenesulfinate sulfohydrolase, HPBS desulfinase, 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzenesulfinate hydrolase, 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzenesulfinate desulfinase, and 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzenesulfinate desulfinase.", "Love You To __knowledge__ \"Love You To\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles from their 1966 album \"Revolver\".", "Love You To __knowledge__ The song was written and sung by George Harrison and features Indian instrumentation such as sitar and tabla.", "Love You To __knowledge__ Following Harrison's introduction of the sitar on \"Norwegian Wood\" in 1965, it was the first Beatles song to fully reflect the influence of Indian classical music.", "Love You To __knowledge__ The recording was made with minimal participation from Harrison's bandmates; instead, he created the track with tabla player Anil Bhagwat and other Indian musicians from the Asian Music Circle in London.", "Love You To __knowledge__ The composition adheres to the pitches of the Indian equivalent of Dorian mode and emulates the khyal vocal tradition of Hindustani classical music.", "Bathroom bill __knowledge__ A bathroom bill is the common name for legislation or a statute that defines access to public facilities—specifically restrooms—by transgender individuals.", "Bathroom bill __knowledge__ Bathroom bills affect access to sex-segregated public facilities for an individual based on a determination of their sex as defined in some specific way—such as their sex as assigned at birth, their sex as listed on their birth certificate, or the sex that corresponds to their gender identity.", "Bathroom bill __knowledge__ A bathroom bill can either be inclusive or exclusive of transgender individuals, depending on the aforementioned definition of their sex.", "Bathroom bill __knowledge__ Critics of bills which exclude transgender individuals from restrooms which conform to their gender identity argue that they do not make public restrooms any safer for cisgender (non-transgender) people, and that they make public restrooms less safe for both transgender people and gender non-conforming cisgender people." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Bathroom singing, also known as singing in the bathroom, singing in the bath, or singing in the shower, is a widespread phenomenon.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Many people sing in the bathroom because the hard wall surfaces, often tiles or wooden panels, and lack of soft furnishings, create an aurally pleasing acoustic environment.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ The multiple reflections from walls enrich the sound of one's voice.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Small dimensions and hard surfaces of a typical bathroom produce various kinds of standing waves, reverberation and echoes, giving the voice \"fullness and depth.\"", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ This habit was reported (with an attempt of explanations) centuries ago.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ For example, Ibn Khaldun in Chapter 1 of his \"Muqaddimah\" writes: The bathroom singer is an ironic reference to mediocre or amateur singers.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Jon Anderson had tiles installed in the studio, to simulate the echo effect of one's vocals in a bathroom.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ This effect was not used only by singers.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Paul Simon wrote: \"Weird Al\" Yankovic in fact in 1979 recorded his first single, \"My Bologna,\" in the bathroom across from the California Polytechnic State University student radio station where he was DJing at the time.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ \"There's More to Life Than This\", the fourth track on Björk's 1993 album \"Debut\", was recorded live in the toilets of the Milk Bar clubnight, London.", "Thomas Bathe __knowledge__ Sir Thomas Bathe, 1st Baron Louth (died 1478) was an Irish peer, lawyer and judge of the fifteenth century.", "Thomas Bathe __knowledge__ Even by the standards of that turbulent age, he had a troubled and violent career.", "Thomas Bathe __knowledge__ He was deprived of his property and outlawed by Act of Parliament, but was later restored to favour: his claim to the title Baron Louth was eventually recognised by the English Crown, and he ended his career as Chief Baron of the Exchequer.", "Thomas Bathe __knowledge__ He belonged to the leading Anglo-Irish Bathe family, who were prominent landowners in County Meath, and whose principal seat was at Athcarne, near Duleek.", "Thomas Bathe __knowledge__ From the 1450s on he claimed the title \"Lord and Baron of Louth\" and the right to be summoned to Parliament as a peer: his right both to the title and the summons was denied by the Irish Parliament in 1460, but implicitly confirmed in 1476.", "Give Me Your Everything __knowledge__ \"Give Me Your Everything\" is a song recorded by Romanian recording artist Alexandra Stan for her second studio album, \"Unlocked\" (2014).", "Give Me Your Everything __knowledge__ The single was made available for digital download on 20 August 2014 through Victor Entertainment.", "Give Me Your Everything __knowledge__ \"Give Me Your Everything\" was written by Stan, Serban Cazan, LeAnna James, Naz Tokio and Andrei Mihai, while production was solely handled by Cazan.", "Give Me Your Everything __knowledge__ A music video for the song was directed by Vlad Fenesan and debuted on the singer's YouTube channel, where it has amassed over two million views.", "Give Me Your Everything __knowledge__ The clip shows Stan chasing a masked man in a dark landscape.", "Give Me Your Everything __knowledge__ Upon its release, the video aroused controversy for a scene in which Stan is wearing a white robe with masonic symbols inscribed on its back.", "Lillie Langtry __knowledge__ Emilie Charlotte Langtry (née Le Breton; October 13, 1853 – February 12, 1929), known as Lillie (or Lily) Langtry and nicknamed \"The Jersey Lily\", was a British-American socialite, actress and producer.", "Lillie Langtry __knowledge__ Born on the island of Jersey, upon marrying she moved to London in 1876.", "Lillie Langtry __knowledge__ Her looks and personality attracted interest, commentary, and invitations from artists and society hostesses, and she was celebrated as a young woman of great beauty and charm.", "Lillie Langtry __knowledge__ By 1881, she had become an actress and starred in many plays in the UK and the United States, including \"She Stoops to Conquer\", \"The Lady of Lyons\", and \"As You Like It\", eventually running her own stage production company.", "Klaus-Jürgen Bathe __knowledge__ Klaus-Jürgen Bathe is a civil engineer, professor of mechanical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and founder of ADINA R&D, who specializes in computational mechanics.", "Klaus-Jürgen Bathe __knowledge__ Bathe is considered to be one of the pioneers in the field of finite element analysis and its applications.", "Klaus-Jürgen Bathe __knowledge__ Born in Berlin, Bathe had his high school education in Oldenburg i. O. in the Federal Republic of Germany.", "Klaus-Jürgen Bathe __knowledge__ He then went to South Africa, where he earned his graduate degree in Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics from the University of Cape Town in 1967.", "Klaus-Jürgen Bathe __knowledge__ Bathe received his M.Sc.", "Klaus-Jürgen Bathe __knowledge__ degree in Civil Engineering from the University of Calgary, Canada in 1969.", "Athcarne Castle __knowledge__ Athcarne Castle is a ruined Elizabethan castle outside the town of Duleek in County Meath, Ireland.", "Athcarne Castle __knowledge__ The name \"Athcarne\" is thought to be derived from either \"Ath Cairn\" meaning the Bridge, or Fording Point at the Cairn, or burial mound, or alternatively from \"Ard Cairn\", meaning High Cairn.", "Athcarne Castle __knowledge__ There is a burial mound to the south east of the castle, across the Hurley river.", "Athcarne Castle __knowledge__ Beryl Moore, the historian, wrote that the castle may actually be built on top of a cairn.", "Athcarne Castle __knowledge__ These cairns were built around 4,000 years ago.", "Athcarne Castle __knowledge__ In 861, the Vikings raided Newgrange and Moore wrote that the Cairn/s at Athcarne were also raided at that time.", "John Bathe (died 1586) __knowledge__ John Bathe (1536-1586) was an Irish lawyer and statesman of the sixteenth century.", "John Bathe (died 1586) __knowledge__ He held several important offices, including that of Attorney General for Ireland and Chancellor of the Exchequer of Ireland.", "John Bathe (died 1586) __knowledge__ He was a member of a prominent landowning family in County Dublin, and himself added to the family estates.", "John Bathe (died 1586) __knowledge__ His children included the Jesuit William Bathe, who was also a noted musicologist.", "John Bathe (died 1586) __knowledge__ He was the only son of James Bathe, Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer (died 1570) and his second wife Elizabeth, daughter of John Burnell of Balgriffin, and widow of Robert Barnewall of Drimnagh.", "John Bathe (died 1586) __knowledge__ Despite some suspicions about his loyalty during the Rebellion of Silken Thomas, the elder Bathe became a much-trusted servant of the English Crown who held high judicial office for 30 years.", "Sir Henry de Bathe, 4th Baronet __knowledge__ General Sir Henry Percival de Bathe, 4th Baronet, KCB (19 June 1823 – 5 January 1907) was a British Army officer who achieved high office in the 1870s.", "Sir Henry de Bathe, 4th Baronet __knowledge__ Bathe was born in Valletta, Malta in 1823 the son of Sir William Plunkett de Bathe, the 3rd Baronet.", "Sir Henry de Bathe, 4th Baronet __knowledge__ In 1838 he was a page at the Coronation of Queen Victoria.", "Sir Henry de Bathe, 4th Baronet __knowledge__ Bathe was commissioned into the Scots Fusilier Guards in 1839 and served in the Crimean War, during which he was Second-in-Command of his battalion at the Siege of Sevastopol.", "Sir Henry de Bathe, 4th Baronet __knowledge__ He was also present at the Battle of Traktir Bridge as Aide-de-Camp to Lord Rokeby.", "Sir Henry de Bathe, 4th Baronet __knowledge__ He was appointed Commanding Officer of the Scots Guards in 1864.", "Household __knowledge__ A household consists of one or more people who live in the same dwelling and also share meals or living accommodation, and may consist of a single family or some other grouping of people.", "Household __knowledge__ A single dwelling will be considered to contain multiple households if either meals or living space are not shared.", "Household __knowledge__ The household is the basic unit of analysis in many social, microeconomic and government models, and is important to the fields of economics and inheritance.", "Household __knowledge__ Household models include the family, varieties of blended families, share housing, group homes, boarding houses, houses in multiple occupation (UK), and a single room occupancy (US).", "Bathroom __knowledge__ A bathroom is a room in the home for personal hygiene activities, generally containing a sink (basin) and either a bathtub, a shower, or both.", "Bathroom __knowledge__ In some countries, the toilet is included in this room, for ease of plumbing, whereas other cultures consider this insanitary, and give that fixture a room of its own.", "Bathroom __knowledge__ Historically, bathing was often a collective activity, which took place in public baths.", "Bathroom __knowledge__ In some countries the shared social aspect of cleansing the body is still important, as for example with \"sento\" in Japan, saunas in Finland, and the \"Turkish bath\" (also known by other names) throughout the Islamic world.", "Shower __knowledge__ The original showers were neither indoor structures nor man-made but were common natural formations: waterfalls.", "Shower __knowledge__ The falling water rinsed the bathers completely clean and was more efficient than bathing in a traditional basin, which required manual transport of both fresh and waste water.", "Shower __knowledge__ Ancient people began to reproduce these natural phenomena by pouring jugs of water, often very cold, over themselves after washing.", "Shower __knowledge__ There has been evidence of early upper class Egyptian and Mesopotamians having indoor shower rooms where servants would bathe them in the privacy of their own homes.", "Shower __knowledge__ However, these were rudimentary by modern standards, having rudimentary drainage systems and water was carried, not pumped, into the room.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph.", "Psycho (1960 film) __knowledge__ Psycho is a 1960 American psychological horror film directed and produced by Alfred Hitchcock, and written by Joseph Stefano, starring Anthony Perkins, Janet Leigh, John Gavin, Vera Miles and Martin Balsam, and was based on the 1959 novel of the same name by Robert Bloch.", "Psycho (1960 film) __knowledge__ The film centers on the encounter between a secretary, Marion Crane (Leigh), who ends up at a secluded motel after stealing money from her employer, and the motel's disturbed owner-manager, Norman Bates (Perkins), and its aftermath.", "Psycho (1960 film) __knowledge__ \"Psycho\" was seen as a departure from Hitchcock's previous film \"North by Northwest\", having been filmed on a low budget, with a television crew and in black and white.", "Bathing __knowledge__ Bathing is the washing of the body with a liquid, usually water or an aqueous solution, or the immersion of the body in water.", "Bathing __knowledge__ It may be practiced for personal hygiene, religious ritual or therapeutic purposes.", "Bathing __knowledge__ By analogy, especially as a recreational activity, the term is also applied to sun bathing and sea bathing.", "Bathing __knowledge__ Bathing can take place in any situation where there is water, ranging from warm to cold.", "Bathing __knowledge__ It can take place in a bathtub or shower, or it can be in a river, lake, water hole, pool or the sea, or any other water receptacle.", "Bathing __knowledge__ The term for the act can vary.", "Bathing __knowledge__ For example, a ritual religious bath is sometimes referred to as immersion, the use of water for therapeutic purposes can be called a water treatment or hydrotherapy, and two recreational water activities are known as swimming and paddling.", "Christopher J. Grubb __knowledge__ Christopher James Grubb (born October 12, 1966) is an interior designer, President of Beverly Hills, California based Arch-Interiors Design Group inc., and owner / lead product designer for The C. G. Collection of products and furnishings for the home.", "Christopher J. Grubb __knowledge__ From a very young age, Grubb would draw buildings, floor plans and cities, eventually fleshing out his models with Lego's and wood blocks.", "Christopher J. Grubb __knowledge__ He would work summers with his grandfather, a general contractor, and with his grandmother, who ran a 100 year old family owned giftware business.", "Christopher J. Grubb __knowledge__ \"I was a kid who knew I wanted to be around architecture, and interior design was the perfect combination of working in architecture as well as finishes and furnishings.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Bathroom singing, also known as singing in the bathroom, singing in the bath, or singing in the shower, is a widespread phenomenon.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Many people sing in the bathroom because the hard wall surfaces, often tiles or wooden panels, and lack of soft furnishings, create an aurally pleasing acoustic environment.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ The multiple reflections from walls enrich the sound of one's voice.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Small dimensions and hard surfaces of a typical bathroom produce various kinds of standing waves, reverberation and echoes, giving the voice \"fullness and depth.\"", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ This habit was reported (with an attempt of explanations) centuries ago.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ For example, Ibn Khaldun in Chapter 1 of his \"Muqaddimah\" writes: The bathroom singer is an ironic reference to mediocre or amateur singers.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Jon Anderson had tiles installed in the studio, to simulate the echo effect of one's vocals in a bathroom.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ This effect was not used only by singers.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Paul Simon wrote: \"Weird Al\" Yankovic in fact in 1979 recorded his first single, \"My Bologna,\" in the bathroom across from the California Polytechnic State University student radio station where he was DJing at the time.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ \"There's More to Life Than This\", the fourth track on Björk's 1993 album \"Debut\", was recorded live in the toilets of the Milk Bar clubnight, London.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011 __knowledge__ The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "Tile __knowledge__ A tile is a manufactured piece of hand-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, metal, or even glass, generally used for covering roofs, floors, walls, showers, or other objects such as tabletops.", "Tile __knowledge__ Alternatively, tile can sometimes refer to similar units made from lightweight materials such as perlite, wood, and mineral wool, typically used for wall and ceiling applications.", "Tile __knowledge__ In another sense, a tile is a construction tile or similar object, such as rectangular counters used in playing games (see tile-based game).", "Tile __knowledge__ The word is derived from the French word \"tuile\", which is, in turn, from the Latin word \"tegula\", meaning a roof tile composed of fired clay.", "Architecture of the California missions __knowledge__ The architecture of the California missions was influenced by several factors, those being the limitations in the construction materials that were on hand, an overall lack of skilled labor, and a desire on the part of the founding priests to emulate notable structures in their Spanish homeland.", "Architecture of the California missions __knowledge__ And while no two mission complexes are identical, they all employed the same basic building style.", "Architecture of the California missions __knowledge__ Although the missions were considered temporary ventures by the Spanish hierarchy, the development of an individual settlement was not simply a matter of \"priestly whim.\"", "Architecture of the California missions __knowledge__ The founding of a mission followed longstanding rules and procedures; the paperwork involved required months, sometimes years of correspondence, and demanded the attention of virtually every level of the bureaucracy.", "Mahjong __knowledge__ Mahjong ( , ) is a tile-based game which was developed in China since the Qing dynasty and has further developed throughout the world since the early 20th century.", "Mahjong __knowledge__ It is commonly played by four players (with some three-player variations found in South Korea, Japan and Southeast Asia).", "Mahjong __knowledge__ The game and its regional variants are widely played throughout Asia (especially in the Eastern and South Eastern Asia) and have materialized into an Asian culture in relation to its high degree of influence, in addition, they have also been increasingly regarded as a popular pastime and entertainment among Western countries and other parts of the world.", "Songs from Les Misérables __knowledge__ Les Misérables is a sung-through musical based on the novel \"Les Misérables\" by French poet and novelist Victor Hugo.", "Songs from Les Misérables __knowledge__ Premiering in Paris in 1980, it has music by Claude-Michel Schönberg, original French lyrics by Alain Boublil and Jean-Marc Natel, with an English-language libretto by Herbert Kretzmer.", "Songs from Les Misérables __knowledge__ The London production has run continuously since October 1985 – the longest-running musical in the West End and the second longest-running musical in the world.", "Songs from Les Misérables __knowledge__ There have been several recordings of this material, including ones by the original London cast and original Broadway cast.", "Songs from Les Misérables __knowledge__ However, no recording contains the entire performance of songs, score and spoken parts as featured on stage; \"The Complete Symphonic Recording\" comes closest, but a pair of songs that were cut from the show following the initial London run, as well as one song only present in the Original French Concept Album, are not included.", "Monuments of Kosovo __knowledge__ Monuments of Kosovo comprise all the monuments that are located in Kosovo.", "Monuments of Kosovo __knowledge__ Kosovo has an abundance of multicultural and rich heritage dating back to the Bronze Age, later followed by Illyrians, Roman, Byzantine/Serbian Orthodox and Ottoman periods.", "Monuments of Kosovo __knowledge__ Most of the monuments in Kosovo were built by local craftsmen's with local materials under conditions that were influenced by the empires that invaded Kosovo.", "Monuments of Kosovo __knowledge__ Monuments that still stand are those of the Byzantine/Serbian Orthodox and Ottoman periods, which have historical, cultural, architectural and artistic values for our priceless legacy.", "Monuments of Kosovo __knowledge__ Among the antique cities, Byzantine and Orthodox churches and monasteries, Ottoman Mosques, Hamams and Bazaars thrived the building culture of the common people – the residential dwelling.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Friday the 13th is an American horror franchise that consists of twelve slasher films, a television show, novels, and comic books.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ The main villain in the series is Jason Voorhees, who drowned at Camp Crystal Lake as a boy due to the negligence of the teenage counselors.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Decades later, the lake is rumored to be \"cursed\" and is the setting for a series of mass murders.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Jason is featured in all of the films, either as the killer or as the motivation for the killings.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Each entry in the series features a different cast of characters, including a final girl who defeats the killer in the end.", "List of Friday the 13th characters __knowledge__ Recurring characters in the series include Jason's vengeful mother Pamela Voorhees, Alice Hardy, Tommy Jarvis and Crazy Ralph." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Bathroom singing, also known as singing in the bathroom, singing in the bath, or singing in the shower, is a widespread phenomenon.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Many people sing in the bathroom because the hard wall surfaces, often tiles or wooden panels, and lack of soft furnishings, create an aurally pleasing acoustic environment.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ The multiple reflections from walls enrich the sound of one's voice.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Small dimensions and hard surfaces of a typical bathroom produce various kinds of standing waves, reverberation and echoes, giving the voice \"fullness and depth.\"", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ This habit was reported (with an attempt of explanations) centuries ago.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ For example, Ibn Khaldun in Chapter 1 of his \"Muqaddimah\" writes: The bathroom singer is an ironic reference to mediocre or amateur singers.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Jon Anderson had tiles installed in the studio, to simulate the echo effect of one's vocals in a bathroom.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ This effect was not used only by singers.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ Paul Simon wrote: \"Weird Al\" Yankovic in fact in 1979 recorded his first single, \"My Bologna,\" in the bathroom across from the California Polytechnic State University student radio station where he was DJing at the time.", "Bathroom singing __knowledge__ \"There's More to Life Than This\", the fourth track on Björk's 1993 album \"Debut\", was recorded live in the toilets of the Milk Bar clubnight, London.", "Annie Walsh Memorial School __knowledge__ The Annie Walsh Memorial School is an all-girls secondary school in Freetown, Sierra Leone.", "Annie Walsh Memorial School __knowledge__ It was established in 1849 originally in Charlotte, a newly established village for recaptives.", "Annie Walsh Memorial School __knowledge__ It is claimed to be the oldest girls school in Sub-Saharan Africa.", "Annie Walsh Memorial School __knowledge__ Over the years, the school has consistently outperformed its peers in terms of academic achievement, making it the most prestigious secondary school for girls in Sierra Leone.", "Annie Walsh Memorial School __knowledge__ The principal is Antoinnette Roberts; she has been the principal since 1995.", "Annie Walsh Memorial School __knowledge__ Annie Walsh Memorial School was named after an English girl whose dream was to become a missionary to Africa.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Robert Brown case __knowledge__ Robert Brown is a Scottish man who spent 25 years in jail for a crime he did not commit.", "Robert Brown case __knowledge__ In January 1977, Annie Walsh was beaten to death in her home in Manchester, England and Brown was first interrogated and beaten by the police officers investigating this crime.", "Robert Brown case __knowledge__ Under duress, Brown signed a confession and was found guilty at trial.", "Robert Brown case __knowledge__ He maintained his innocence throughout his prison sentence even going so far as denying himself parole by not admitting to the crime.", "Robert Brown case __knowledge__ He was released on appeal in 2002 and is thought to be one of the longest serving victims of a miscarriage of justice in the United Kingdom.", "Lauren Zizes __knowledge__ Lauren Zizes is a recurring fictional character from the Fox musical comedy-drama series, \"Glee\".", "Lauren Zizes __knowledge__ The character is portrayed by actress Ashley Fink, and has appeared in \"Glee\" since the season one episode \"Wheels\", first broadcast on November 11, 2009.", "Lauren Zizes __knowledge__ Lauren was developed by \"Glee\" creators Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk, and Ian Brennan.", "Lauren Zizes __knowledge__ She is a member of New Directions, the glee club at the fictional William McKinley High School in Lima, Ohio, where the show is set.", "Lauren Zizes __knowledge__ Her storylines have seen her interact with other members of the glee club and form a relationship with Noah Puckerman (Mark Salling).", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ The series' popularity has made it a media franchise, as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon, and the most distributed property of MTV Networks.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ As of late 2017, the media franchise has generated $13 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon.", "SpongeBob SquarePants __knowledge__ Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled \"The Intertidal Zone\", which Hillenburg created in 1989.", "Kenpachi Zaraki __knowledge__ Zaraki has a wild and aggressive appearance, fitting with his personality.", "Kenpachi Zaraki __knowledge__ He wears his captain's jacket without sleeves, and with a more ragged look to it—-he acquired his jacket from the previous 11th Division captain, whom he defeated and killed in a duel in order to become captain.", "Kenpachi Zaraki __knowledge__ He styles his hair into liberty spikes with bells at the tips, which, Tite Kubo has remarked, makes his hair one of the most difficult to draw in the series.", "Kenpachi Zaraki __knowledge__ He also wears a special eye patch on his right eye lined with a strange creature created by the 12th Division.", "Kenpachi Zaraki __knowledge__ It absorbs the bulk of his power.", "Kenpachi Zaraki __knowledge__ Both of these are meant to give enemies an advantage, similar to his habit of fighting one-handed, as in an unhandicapped state he would defeat them so quickly that he would not be able to enjoy himself sufficiently to delve into a state of bloodlust, that being what he treasures most.", "Refuge du Parmelan __knowledge__ Refuge du Parmelan is a refuge in the Alps.", "This Is What the Truth Feels Like __knowledge__ This Is What the Truth Feels Like is the third studio album recorded by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani.", "This Is What the Truth Feels Like __knowledge__ It was released on March 18, 2016 by Interscope Records.", "This Is What the Truth Feels Like __knowledge__ Initially, the album was scheduled to be released in December 2014 with Stefani working with a handful of high-profile producers, and Benny Blanco serving as executive producer.", "This Is What the Truth Feels Like __knowledge__ However, after the underperformance of her 2014 singles and the writer's block Stefani suffered, she did not feel comfortable curating an album and scrapped the whole record in favor of starting again.", "This Is What the Truth Feels Like __knowledge__ The album's release was scheduled after Stefani hinted at it on her Twitter account.", "Feels Like Heaven (Reigan Derry song) __knowledge__ \"Feels Like Heaven\" is the second single by Australian singer and songwriter Reigan Derry.", "Feels Like Heaven (Reigan Derry song) __knowledge__ It was written by Derry, Jon Hume, Hayley Warner and Phil Barton.", "Feels Like Heaven (Reigan Derry song) __knowledge__ The song was released both physically and digitally on 4 September 2015, as the lead single from Derry's upcoming debut studio album.", "Feels Like Heaven (Reigan Derry song) __knowledge__ \"Feels Like Heaven\" is a mid-tempo pop track, which contains elements of indie music and uses synth beats, harmonies and a guitar as its instrumentation.", "Feels Like Heaven (Reigan Derry song) __knowledge__ Lyrically, the song talks about the heavenly feeling a person receives from someone they love.", "Feels Like Heaven (Reigan Derry song) __knowledge__ Upon its release, \"Feels Like Heaven\" received positive reviews from music critics, who complimented the production and Derry's vocal delivery.", "Antenna tuner __knowledge__ An antenna tuner, a matchbox, transmatch, antenna tuning unit (ATU), antenna coupler, or feedline coupler is a device connected between a radio transmitter or receiver and its antenna to improve power transfer between them by matching the impedance of the radio to the antenna's feedline.", "Antenna tuner __knowledge__ Antenna tuners are particularly important for use with transmitters.", "Antenna tuner __knowledge__ Transmitters feed power into a resistive load, very often 50 ohms, for which the transmitter is optimally designed for power output, efficiency, and low distortion.", "Antenna tuner __knowledge__ If the load seen by the transmitter departs from this design value due to improper tuning of the antenna/feedline combination the power output will change, distortion may occur and the transmitter may overheat.", "What It Feels Like for a Girl __knowledge__ \"What It Feels Like for a Girl\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Madonna recorded for her eighth studio album \"Music\" (2000).", "What It Feels Like for a Girl __knowledge__ It was released as the third single from the album on April 17, 2001 by Maverick Records, with two other versions being also released: a dance-remix produced by Above & Beyond and a Spanish version titled \"Lo Que Siente La Mujer\".", "What It Feels Like for a Girl __knowledge__ It was written by Madonna, Guy Sigsworth and David Torn, while production was done by Madonna, Sigsworth and Mark Stent.", "What It Feels Like for a Girl __knowledge__ \"What It Feels Like For a Girl\" is a mid-tempo electronic and synthpop song, with filtered bass licks, tidal keys and pads as part of its instrumentation.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ It encompasses distinct theoretical and methodical approaches that emphasize cultural, social, material, cognitive, biological, and other dimensions or contexts of musical behavior, instead of only its isolated sound component.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ The term \"ethnomusicology\" is said to have been first coined by Jaap Kunst from the Greek words ἔθνος (\"ethnos\", \"nation\") and μουσική (\"mousike\", \"music\"), is often defined as the anthropology or ethnography of music, or as musical anthropology.", "Ethnomusicology __knowledge__ During its early development from comparative musicology in the 1950s, ethnomusicology was primarily oriented toward non-Western music, but for several decades has included the study of all and any musics of the world (including Western art music and popular music) from anthropological, sociological and intercultural perspectives.", "Alpha Phi Alpha __knowledge__ Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. (ΑΦΑ) is the first African-American, intercollegiate Greek-lettered fraternity.", "Alpha Phi Alpha __knowledge__ The individuals recognized by the fraternity as founders are known as the , who were Henry Arthur Callis, Charles Henry Chapman, Eugene Kinckle Jones, George Biddle Kelley, Nathaniel Allison Murray, Robert Harold Ogle, and Vertner Woodson Tandy.", "Alpha Phi Alpha __knowledge__ It was initially a literary and social studies club organized in the 1905–1906 school year at Cornell University, in Ithaca, New York.", "Alpha Phi Alpha __knowledge__ The group later evolved into a fraternity with a founding date of December 4, 1906, at Cornell.", "Alpha Phi Alpha __knowledge__ It employs an icon from Ancient Egypt, the Great Sphinx of Giza, as its symbol." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 0 ]

[ "singing in the bathroom, singing in the bath, or singing in the shower, ", "Its quite fun ! Many people sing in the bathroom because the hard wall surfaces, often tiles or wooden ", "multiple reflections from walls enrich the sound of one's voice. It feels like a musical studio experience", "Do you sing?" ]

[ "Bathroom singing", "Bathroom singing", "Bathroom singing", "Bathroom singing" ]

[ "Unemployment\nWhen was the last time you were unemployed? ", "Its been 5 years for me. Did you have to file unemployment back then or was it just a quick time off?", "Nah, it lasted only a couple months for me. I was too proud back then to get benefits", "True, I've known some people that went almost a year without a job. It's lucky it wasn't long for us" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The unemployment rate is a measure of the prevalence of unemployment and it is calculated as a percentage by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by all individuals currently in the labor force.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ During periods of recession, an economy usually experiences a relatively high unemployment rate.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ According to International Labour Organization report, more than 200 million people globally or 6% of the world's workforce were without a job in 2012.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The causes of unemployment are heavily debated.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ Classical economics, new classical economics, and the Austrian School of economics argued that market mechanisms are reliable means of resolving unemployment.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ These theories argue against interventions imposed on the labor market from the outside, such as unionization, bureaucratic work rules, minimum wage laws, taxes, and other regulations that they claim discourage the hiring of workers.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ Keynesian economics emphasizes the cyclical nature of unemployment and recommends government interventions in the economy that it claims will reduce unemployment during recessions.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ This theory focuses on recurrent shocks that suddenly reduce aggregate demand for goods and services and thus reduce demand for workers.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Unemployment benefits (depending on the jurisdiction also called unemployment insurance or unemployment compensation) are payments made by the state or other authorized bodies to unemployed people.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ In the United States, benefits are funded by a compulsory governmental insurance system, not taxes on individual citizens.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Depending on the jurisdiction and the status of the person, those sums may be small, covering only basic needs, or may compensate the lost time proportionally to the previous earned salary.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Unemployment benefits are generally given only to those registering as unemployed, and often on conditions ensuring that they seek work and do not currently have a job, and are validated as being laid off and not fired for cause in most states.", "Unemployed Councils __knowledge__ The Unemployed Councils of the USA (UC) was a mass organization of the Communist Party, USA established in 1930 in an effort to organize and mobilize unemployed workers to advance party policy goals in preparation for an anticipated final conflict to overthrow capitalism.", "Unemployed Councils __knowledge__ The UC was the organizational successor of the Unemployment Council of New York, a broad-based organization established by various trade unions in New York City in the spring of 1921, during the economic downturn which followed the termination of the First World War.", "Unemployed Councils __knowledge__ The organization was dissolved through merger into the Workers Alliance of America, a parallel organization affiliated with the Socialist Party of America, in April 1936.", "Jack Murphy (Irish politician) __knowledge__ John \"Jack\" Murphy (1920 – 11 July 1984) was an Irish politician and the first unemployed person ever elected to a national legislature.", "Jack Murphy (Irish politician) __knowledge__ He was elected to Dáil Éireann as an independent Teachta Dála (TD) at the 1957 general election for the Dublin South-Central constituency.", "Jack Murphy (Irish politician) __knowledge__ Murphy was a former member of the Irish Republican Army who had been interned in the 1940s.", "Jack Murphy (Irish politician) __knowledge__ At the time of his election, he was an unemployed carpenter.", "Jack Murphy (Irish politician) __knowledge__ He was the candidate of the Unemployed Protest Committee (UPC), which had been formed on 12 January 1957.", "Jack Murphy (Irish politician) __knowledge__ He resigned his seat on 13 May 1958 in protest at the indifference of the main political parties to the plight of the unemployed.", "Youth unemployment __knowledge__ Youth unemployment is the unemployment of young people, defined by the United Nations as 15–24 years old.", "Youth unemployment __knowledge__ An unemployed person is defined as someone who does not have a job but is actively seeking work.", "Youth unemployment __knowledge__ In order to qualify as unemployed for official and statistical measurement, the individual must be without employment, willing and able to work, of the officially designated 'working age' and actively searching for a position.", "Youth unemployment __knowledge__ Youth unemployment rates tend to be higher than the adult rates in every country in the world.", "Youth unemployment __knowledge__ There are 1.2 billion youth in the world aged between 15 and 24, accounting for 17% of the world's population.", "One Last Time (Ariana Grande song) __knowledge__ \"One Last Time\" is a song recorded by American singer Ariana Grande for her second studio album \"My Everything\".", "One Last Time (Ariana Grande song) __knowledge__ It was written by David Guetta, Savan Kotecha, Giorgio Tuinfort, Rami Yacoub, and Carl Falk.", "One Last Time (Ariana Grande song) __knowledge__ The song was produced by the latter two, with Tuinfort serving as a co-producer and Ilya serving both as a co-producer and vocal producer.", "One Last Time (Ariana Grande song) __knowledge__ \"One Last Time\" was first released on the iTunes Store on August 22, 2014 as the second promotional single from the album.", "One Last Time (Ariana Grande song) __knowledge__ On February 10, 2015, the song was sent to contemporary hit radio as the fifth and final single from the album.", "One Last Time (Ariana Grande song) __knowledge__ A French version of the song featuring French singer Kendji Girac, alternatively titled \"Attends-moi\", was released on February 16, 2015 in France, Belgium and Switzerland.", "Reserve army of labour __knowledge__ Reserve army of labour is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy.", "Reserve army of labour __knowledge__ It refers to the unemployed and under-employed in capitalist society.", "Reserve army of labour __knowledge__ It is synonymous with \"industrial reserve army\" or \"relative surplus population\", except that the unemployed can be defined as those actually looking for work and that the relative surplus population also includes people unable to work.", "Reserve army of labour __knowledge__ The use of the word \"army\" refers to the workers being conscripted and regimented in the workplace in a hierarchy, under the command or authority of the owners of capital.", "Reserve army of labour __knowledge__ Marx did not invent the term \"reserve army of labour\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The unemployment rate is a measure of the prevalence of unemployment and it is calculated as a percentage by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by all individuals currently in the labor force.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ During periods of recession, an economy usually experiences a relatively high unemployment rate.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ According to International Labour Organization report, more than 200 million people globally or 6% of the world's workforce were without a job in 2012.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The causes of unemployment are heavily debated.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ Classical economics, new classical economics, and the Austrian School of economics argued that market mechanisms are reliable means of resolving unemployment.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ These theories argue against interventions imposed on the labor market from the outside, such as unionization, bureaucratic work rules, minimum wage laws, taxes, and other regulations that they claim discourage the hiring of workers.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ Keynesian economics emphasizes the cyclical nature of unemployment and recommends government interventions in the economy that it claims will reduce unemployment during recessions.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ This theory focuses on recurrent shocks that suddenly reduce aggregate demand for goods and services and thus reduce demand for workers.", "Trooping the Colour __knowledge__ Trooping the Colour is a ceremony performed by regiments of the British and Commonwealth armies.", "Trooping the Colour __knowledge__ It has been a tradition of British infantry regiments since the 17th century, although the roots go back much earlier.", "Trooping the Colour __knowledge__ On battlefields, a regiment's colours, or flags, were used as rallying points.", "Trooping the Colour __knowledge__ Consequently, regiments would have their ensigns slowly march with their colours between the soldiers' ranks to enable soldiers to recognise their regiments' colours.", "Trooping the Colour __knowledge__ Since 1748, Trooping the Colour has also marked the official birthday of the British sovereign.", "Trooping the Colour __knowledge__ It is held in London annually on a Saturday in June on Horse Guards Parade by St. James's Park, and coincides with the publication of the Birthday Honours List.", "Political history of the United Kingdom (1945–present) __knowledge__ When Britain emerged victorious from World War II, the Labour Party under Clement Attlee came to power and created a comprehensive welfare state, with the establishment of the National Health Service, entitling free healthcare to all British citizens and other reforms included the introduction of old-age pensions, free education at all levels, sickness benefits and unemployment benefits, most of which was covered by the newly introduced national insurance, paid by all workers.", "Political history of the United Kingdom (1945–present) __knowledge__ The Bank of England, railways, heavy industry, coal mining and public utilities were all nationalised.", "Political history of the United Kingdom (1945–present) __knowledge__ The most controversial issue was nationalisation of steel, which was profitable unlike the others.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The economic history of the United Kingdom deals with the economic history of England and Great Britain from 1500 to the early 21st century.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ (For earlier periods see Economy of England in the Middle Ages and Economic history of Scotland).", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ After becoming one of the most prosperous economic regions in Europe between 1600 and 1700, Britain led the industrial revolution and dominated the European and world economy during the 19th century.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It was the major innovator in machinery such as steam engines (for pumps, factories, railway locomotives and steamships), textile equipment, and tool-making.", "Economic history of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ It invented the railway system and built much of the equipment used by other nations.", "Quick time event __knowledge__ In video games, a quick time event (QTE) is a method of context-sensitive gameplay in which the player performs actions on the control device shortly after the appearance of an on-screen instruction/prompt.", "Quick time event __knowledge__ It allows for limited control of the game character during cut scenes or cinematic sequences in the game.", "Quick time event __knowledge__ Performing the prompted action improperly or not at all results in the character's failure at their task and often in an immediate game over.", "Quick time event __knowledge__ The term \"quick time event\" is attributed to Yu Suzuki, director of the game \"Shenmue\" which used the QTE feature (then called \"quick timer events\") to a great degree.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Unemployment benefits (depending on the jurisdiction also called unemployment insurance or unemployment compensation) are payments made by the state or other authorized bodies to unemployed people.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ In the United States, benefits are funded by a compulsory governmental insurance system, not taxes on individual citizens.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Depending on the jurisdiction and the status of the person, those sums may be small, covering only basic needs, or may compensate the lost time proportionally to the previous earned salary.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Unemployment benefits are generally given only to those registering as unemployed, and often on conditions ensuring that they seek work and do not currently have a job, and are validated as being laid off and not fired for cause in most states.", "Adventure game __knowledge__ An adventure game is a video game in which the player assumes the role of a protagonist in an interactive story driven by exploration and puzzle-solving.", "Adventure game __knowledge__ The genre's focus on story allows it to draw heavily from other narrative-based media, literature and film, encompassing a wide variety of literary genres.", "Adventure game __knowledge__ Many adventure games (text and graphic) are designed for a single player, since this emphasis on story and character makes multi-player design difficult.", "Adventure game __knowledge__ \"Colossal Cave Adventure\" is identified as the first such adventure game, first released in 1976, while other notable adventure game series include \"Zork\", \"King's Quest\", \"The Secret of Monkey Island\", and \"Myst\".", "Shenmue (video game) __knowledge__ Shenmue is an action-adventure game developed by Sega AM2 and published by Sega for the Dreamcast in 1999 in Japan and late 2000 in other territories.", "Shenmue (video game) __knowledge__ Directed, written and produced by Yu Suzuki, it is the first game in the \"Shenmue\" series.", "Shenmue (video game) __knowledge__ The player controls martial artist Ryo Hazuki as he sets out in revenge for the murder of his father in 1980s Yokosuka, Japan.", "Shenmue (video game) __knowledge__ Combining open-world exploration, brawler battles and quick time events, \"Shenmue\"'s level of detail was considered unprecedented, with a day-and-night system, variable weather effects, non-player characters with daily schedules, numerous interactive objects, and various minigames.", "Lucky Spencer __knowledge__ Lucky Spencer is a fictional character from the ABC Daytime soap opera, \"General Hospital\".", "Lucky Spencer __knowledge__ He is the son of legendary supercouple, Luke and Laura Spencer, played by Anthony Geary and Genie Francis.", "Lucky Spencer __knowledge__ His birth having been announced on-screen in 1985, a ten-year-old Lucky was cast in 1993, played by newcomer at the time, Jonathan Jackson.", "Lucky Spencer __knowledge__ Jackson left the series in 1999, and the character was played by Jacob Young and later Greg Vaughan, who was let go in 2009 to allow Jackson to reprise the role.", "Lucky Spencer __knowledge__ Lucky's characterization changed throughout the different portrayers; originally a street-smart con artist, Lucky develops an edge during Young's tenure and more drastically changes during Vaughan's portrayal, as Lucky becomes a struggling police officer.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ The United States (U.S.) subprime mortgage crisis was a nationwide banking emergency, occurring between 2007-2010, which contributed to the U.S. recession of December 2007 – June 2009.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ It was triggered by a large decline in home prices after the collapse of a housing bubble, leading to mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures and the devaluation of housing-related securities.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Declines in residential investment preceded the recession and were followed by reductions in household spending and then business investment.", "Subprime mortgage crisis __knowledge__ Spending reductions were more significant in areas with a combination of high household debt and larger housing price declines.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ The history of Australia refers to the history of the area and people of the Commonwealth of Australia and its preceding Indigenous and colonial societies.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ Aboriginal Australians arrived on the Australian mainland by sea from Maritime Southeast Asia between 40,000 and 70,000 years ago.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ The artistic, musical and spiritual traditions they established are among the longest surviving such traditions in human history.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ The first known landing in Australia by Europeans was by Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon in 1606.", "History of Australia __knowledge__ Twenty-nine other Dutch navigators explored the western and southern coasts in the 17th century, and dubbed the continent New Holland.", "Financial crisis of 2007–2008 __knowledge__ The financial crisis of 2007–2008, also known as the global financial crisis and the 2008 financial crisis, is considered by many economists to have been the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s.", "Financial crisis of 2007–2008 __knowledge__ It began in 2007 with a crisis in the subprime mortgage market in the US, and developed into a full-blown international banking crisis with the collapse of the investment bank Lehman Brothers on September 15, 2008.", "Financial crisis of 2007–2008 __knowledge__ Excessive risk-taking by banks such as Lehman Brothers helped to magnify the financial impact globally.", "Financial crisis of 2007–2008 __knowledge__ Massive bail-outs of financial institutions and other palliative monetary and fiscal policies were employed to prevent a possible collapse of the world financial system.", "Recession __knowledge__ In economics, a recession is a business cycle contraction which results in a general slowdown in economic activity.", "Recession __knowledge__ Macroeconomic indicators such as GDP (gross domestic product), investment spending, capacity utilization, household income, business profits, and inflation fall, while bankruptcies and the unemployment rate rise.", "Recession __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, it is defined as a negative economic growth for two consecutive quarters.", "Recession __knowledge__ Recessions generally occur when there is a widespread drop in spending (an adverse demand shock).", "Recession __knowledge__ This may be triggered by various events, such as a financial crisis, an external trade shock, an adverse supply shock or the bursting of an economic bubble.", "Great Recession in Europe __knowledge__ The European recession is part of the Great Recession, which began inside the United States.", "Great Recession in Europe __knowledge__ The crisis spread to Europe rapidly and affected much of the region with several countries already in recession as of February 2009, and most others suffering marked economic setbacks.", "Great Recession in Europe __knowledge__ The global recession was first seen in Europe, as Ireland was the first country to fall in a recession from Q2-Q3 2007 – followed by temporary growth in Q4 2007 – and then a two-year-long recession.", "Great Recession in Europe __knowledge__ The Eurozone recession has been dated from the first quarter of 2008 to the second quarter of 2009.", "Great Recession in Europe __knowledge__ In the eurozone as a whole, industrial production fell 1.9 percent in May 2008, the sharpest one-month decline for the region since the exchange rate crisis in 1992.", "Timeline of the Great Recession __knowledge__ This article gives the timeline of the Great Recession, which hit many developed economies in the wake of the financial crisis of 2007-2008.", "Timeline of the Great Recession __knowledge__ Note: The date indicated is that of the official announcement by the department or the public agency in charge of the measurement of the economic activity of the country.", "Timeline of the Great Recession __knowledge__ Thus, because of possible lags in the collection of statistics, it is possible that the chronological order of reports may not correspond to the actual order of events in recession.", "Timeline of the Great Recession __knowledge__ A recession is a period of two quarters of negative GDP growth.", "Timeline of the Great Recession __knowledge__ The countries listed are those that officially announced that they were in recession." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The unemployment rate is a measure of the prevalence of unemployment and it is calculated as a percentage by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by all individuals currently in the labor force.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ During periods of recession, an economy usually experiences a relatively high unemployment rate.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ According to International Labour Organization report, more than 200 million people globally or 6% of the world's workforce were without a job in 2012.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The causes of unemployment are heavily debated.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ Classical economics, new classical economics, and the Austrian School of economics argued that market mechanisms are reliable means of resolving unemployment.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ These theories argue against interventions imposed on the labor market from the outside, such as unionization, bureaucratic work rules, minimum wage laws, taxes, and other regulations that they claim discourage the hiring of workers.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ Keynesian economics emphasizes the cyclical nature of unemployment and recommends government interventions in the economy that it claims will reduce unemployment during recessions.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ This theory focuses on recurrent shocks that suddenly reduce aggregate demand for goods and services and thus reduce demand for workers.", "MillerCoors __knowledge__ MillerCoors is a beer brewing company in the United States.", "MillerCoors __knowledge__ In 2002 South African Breweries purchased Miller Brewing Company to create SABMiller.", "MillerCoors __knowledge__ In 2005, Molson Brewery of Canada and Coors Brewing Company merged to form the Molson Coors Brewing Company.", "MillerCoors __knowledge__ Then, in 2008, SABMiller and Molson Coors created MillerCoors as a joint venture for their operations in the U.S.", "MillerCoors __knowledge__ The company is the second-largest brewer in the U.S., after Anheuser-Busch.", "MillerCoors __knowledge__ These component companies had very different backgrounds.", "MillerCoors __knowledge__ Miller Brewing was started in 1855 by settler Frederick Miller who had been studying the making of beer for years; he first owned Plank Road Brewery before opening the first Miller Company in Milwaukee.", "Miller Brewing Company __knowledge__ The Miller Brewing Company is an American beer brewing company headquartered in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, that was owned until October 11, 2016 by the MillerCoors division of the SABMiller–Molson Coors joint venture.", "Miller Brewing Company __knowledge__ The company has brewing facilities in Albany, Georgia; Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin; Fort Worth, Texas; Irwindale, California; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and Trenton, Ohio.", "Miller Brewing Company __knowledge__ On July 1, 2008, Miller formed MillerCoors, a joint venture with rival Molson Coors to consolidate the production and distribution of its products in the United States, with each parent company's corporate operations and international operations to remain separate and independent of the joint venture.", "Nah Cardoso __knowledge__ Natalia de Barros Cardoso (born 22 March 1993) is a Brazilian actress, blogger, and YouTuber with more than 6 million followers on social networks, her blogs are a fashion reference for many young people.", "Nah Cardoso __knowledge__ In 2016 she was named one of the celebrities on the Notorious Brazil's list.", "Nah Cardoso __knowledge__ Natalia de Barros Cardoso, known only as Nah Cardoso, is an actress, blogger and YouTuber, Nah Cardoso is one of the most influential personalities of the Internet in Brazil.", "Nah Cardoso __knowledge__ In 2013 Nah Cardoso had 200,000 followers on Instagram, today she has over 5 million and 700 thousand followers.", "Nah Cardoso __knowledge__ \"Nah Cardoso rose on the internet and won thousands of fans with her charisma, transmitted through her photos, phrases and videos posted on social networks\" says Natalia in a blog.", "Sodium hydride __knowledge__ Sodium hydride is the chemical compound with the empirical formula NaH.", "Sodium hydride __knowledge__ This alkali metal hydride is primarily used as a strong, yet combustible base in organic synthesis.", "Sodium hydride __knowledge__ NaH is representative of the saline hydrides, meaning it is a salt-like hydride, composed of Na and H ions, in contrast to the more molecular hydrides such as borane, methane, ammonia and water.", "Sodium hydride __knowledge__ It is an ionic material that is insoluble in organic solvents (although soluble in molten Na), consistent with the fact that H remains an unknown anion in solution.", "Sodium hydride __knowledge__ Because of the insolubility of NaH, all reactions involving NaH occur at the surface of the solid.", "Rama language __knowledge__ Rama is one of the indigenous languages of the Chibchan family spoken by the Rama people on the island of Rama Cay and south of lake Bluefields on the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua.", "Rama language __knowledge__ Other indigenous languages of this region include Miskito and Sumu .", "Rama language __knowledge__ Rama is one of the northernmost languages of the Chibchan family .", "Rama language __knowledge__ The Rama language is severely endangered.", "Rama language __knowledge__ Their language was described as \"dying quickly for lack of use\" as early as the 1860s .", "Rama language __knowledge__ By 1980, the Rama were noted as having \"all but lost their original ethnic language\", and had become speakers of a form of English creole instead .", "Rama language __knowledge__ In 1992, only approximately 36 fluent speakers could be found among an ethnic population of 649 individuals in 1992 .", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Unemployment benefits (depending on the jurisdiction also called unemployment insurance or unemployment compensation) are payments made by the state or other authorized bodies to unemployed people.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ In the United States, benefits are funded by a compulsory governmental insurance system, not taxes on individual citizens.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Depending on the jurisdiction and the status of the person, those sums may be small, covering only basic needs, or may compensate the lost time proportionally to the previous earned salary.", "Unemployment benefits __knowledge__ Unemployment benefits are generally given only to those registering as unemployed, and often on conditions ensuring that they seek work and do not currently have a job, and are validated as being laid off and not fired for cause in most states.", "Molson Coors Brewing Company __knowledge__ The Molson Coors Brewing Company is a multinational brewing company, formed in 2005 by the merger of Molson of Canada, and Coors of the United States.", "Molson Coors Brewing Company __knowledge__ It is the world's seventh largest brewer by volume.", "Molson Coors Brewing Company __knowledge__ While the company is incorporated in the United States, it is traded on stock exchanges in both the United States and Canada, and control is equally shared between the Molson and Coors families.", "Molson Coors Brewing Company __knowledge__ The company is headquartered at the 54-story 1801 California Street (CenturyLink Tower) in Denver, Colorado, with office areas, which are located on the 45th, 46th and part of the 47th floors in the tower.", "99ers __knowledge__ 99ers is a colloquial term for unemployed people in the United States, mostly citizens, who have exhausted all of their unemployment benefits, including all unemployment extensions.", "99ers __knowledge__ As a result of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act passed by Congress in February 2009, many unemployed people could receive up to 99 weeks of unemployment insurance benefits, hence the name \"99ers\".", "99ers __knowledge__ An estimated 7 million people are affected.", "99ers __knowledge__ United States unemployment benefits during the financial crisis of 2007-2010 were calculated as follows (with the availability of extensions dependent on a state's unemployment rate (see: Bureau of Labor Statistics): Legislation to extend unemployment benefits had been blocked from coming to a vote on the floor of the Senate through minority Republican filibuster or holds.", "Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension Act __knowledge__ The Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension Act () is bill that would extend the length of unemployment benefits to cover another three months, until March 31, 2013.", "Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension Act __knowledge__ The three-month extension would cost $6.4 billion.", "Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension Act __knowledge__ The Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension Act was introduced in the United States Senate during the 113th United States Congress.", "Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension Act __knowledge__ In response to the Great Recession in the United States, the federal government began extending the length of unemployment benefits.", "Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension Act __knowledge__ The federal government has been providing additional weeks of unemployment benefits for people since 2008.", "Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension Act __knowledge__ The most recent extension was provided by the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, which extended unemployment benefits until the end of 2013.", "Unemployment benefits in Sweden __knowledge__ Unemployment benefits in Sweden are payments made by the state or other authorized bodies to unemployed people.", "Unemployment benefits in Sweden __knowledge__ They can be divided into a voluntary scheme with income-related compensation up to a certain level and a comprehensive scheme that provides a lower level of basic support.", "Unemployment benefits in Sweden __knowledge__ “Help-funds”, the first form of unemployment insurance in Sweden, were created in the 1870s.", "Unemployment benefits in Sweden __knowledge__ They are closely linked to trade unions.", "Unemployment benefits in Sweden __knowledge__ Since the institution of local employment agencies in the 1930s, in the climate of Keynesian policies, the State began to finance unemployment benefits.", "Unemployment benefits in Sweden __knowledge__ Since the 1940s, the insurances’ aim was to «provide economic support during a \"transitional period\" when the individual who lost his/her employment or left school actively seeks a new employment».", "History of the Social Democratic Party of Germany __knowledge__ The party considers itself to have been founded on May 23, 1863, by Ferdinand Lassalle under the name \"Allgemeiner Deutscher Arbeiterverein\" (ADAV, General German Workers' Association).", "History of the Social Democratic Party of Germany __knowledge__ In 1869, August Bebel and Wilhelm Liebknecht founded the \"Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei\" (SDAP, Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany), which merged with the ADAV at a conference held in Gotha in 1875, taking the name \"Socialist Workers' Party of Germany\" (SAPD).", "History of the Social Democratic Party of Germany __knowledge__ At this conference, the party developed the Gotha Program, which Karl Marx criticized in his \"Critique of the Gotha Program\".", "History of the Social Democratic Party of Germany __knowledge__ Through the Anti-Socialist Laws, Otto von Bismarck had the party outlawed for its pro-revolution, anti-monarchy sentiments in 1878; but in 1890 it was legalized again.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Causes of Unemployment in the United States discusses the causes of U.S. unemployment and strategies for reducing it.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ Job creation and unemployment are affected by factors such as economic conditions, global competition, education, automation, and demographics.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ These factors can affect the number of workers, the duration of unemployment, and wage levels.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ There are a variety of domestic, foreign, market and government factors that impact unemployment in the United States.", "Causes of unemployment in the United States __knowledge__ These may be characterized as cyclical (related to the business cycle) or structural (related to underlying economic characteristics) and include, among others: There are many domestic factors affecting the U.S. labor force and employment levels." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The unemployment rate is a measure of the prevalence of unemployment and it is calculated as a percentage by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by all individuals currently in the labor force.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ During periods of recession, an economy usually experiences a relatively high unemployment rate.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ According to International Labour Organization report, more than 200 million people globally or 6% of the world's workforce were without a job in 2012.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ The causes of unemployment are heavily debated.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ Classical economics, new classical economics, and the Austrian School of economics argued that market mechanisms are reliable means of resolving unemployment.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ These theories argue against interventions imposed on the labor market from the outside, such as unionization, bureaucratic work rules, minimum wage laws, taxes, and other regulations that they claim discourage the hiring of workers.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ Keynesian economics emphasizes the cyclical nature of unemployment and recommends government interventions in the economy that it claims will reduce unemployment during recessions.", "Unemployment __knowledge__ This theory focuses on recurrent shocks that suddenly reduce aggregate demand for goods and services and thus reduce demand for workers.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "A Year Without Rain __knowledge__ A Year Without Rain is the second studio album by American band Selena Gomez & the Scene.", "A Year Without Rain __knowledge__ The album was released on September 21, 2010 via Hollywood Records.", "A Year Without Rain __knowledge__ For songwriting, staffwriters were hired to write all the lyrics.", "A Year Without Rain __knowledge__ The band once again worked with writers and producers from their debut, \"Kiss & Tell\" such as Rock Mafia duo Tim James and Antonina Armato, as well as Fefe Dobson, Toby Gad, and Superspy.", "A Year Without Rain __knowledge__ New contributions came from Kevin Rudolf, Katy Perry, Jonas Jeberg and RedOne among others.", "A Year Without Rain __knowledge__ Due to the success of their breakout hit, \"Naturally\", the album draws mainly from dance-pop and synth-pop, rather than the pop rock and electronic rock sound of \"Kiss & Tell\".", "Lucky Spencer __knowledge__ Lucky Spencer is a fictional character from the ABC Daytime soap opera, \"General Hospital\".", "Lucky Spencer __knowledge__ He is the son of legendary supercouple, Luke and Laura Spencer, played by Anthony Geary and Genie Francis.", "Lucky Spencer __knowledge__ His birth having been announced on-screen in 1985, a ten-year-old Lucky was cast in 1993, played by newcomer at the time, Jonathan Jackson.", "Lucky Spencer __knowledge__ Jackson left the series in 1999, and the character was played by Jacob Young and later Greg Vaughan, who was let go in 2009 to allow Jackson to reprise the role.", "Lucky Spencer __knowledge__ Lucky's characterization changed throughout the different portrayers; originally a street-smart con artist, Lucky develops an edge during Young's tenure and more drastically changes during Vaughan's portrayal, as Lucky becomes a struggling police officer.", "German Revolution of 1918–19 __knowledge__ The German Revolution or November Revolution () was a civil conflict in the German Empire at the end of the First World War that resulted in the replacement of the German federal constitutional monarchy with a democratic parliamentary republic that later became known as the Weimar Republic.", "German Revolution of 1918–19 __knowledge__ The revolutionary period lasted from November 1918 until the adoption in August 1919 of the Weimar Constitution.", "German Revolution of 1918–19 __knowledge__ The causes of the revolution were the extreme burdens suffered by the population during the four years of war, the strong impact of the defeat on the German Empire and the social tensions between the general population and the elite of aristocrats and bourgeoisie who held power and had just lost the war.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ \"General Hospital\" is the longest running American television serial drama, airing on ABC.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Created by Frank and Doris Hursley, who originally set it in a general hospital (hence the title), in an unnamed fictional city.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In the 1970s, the city was named Port Charles, New York.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ The series premiered on April 1, 1963.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ This is a list of notable characters who significantly impacted storylines and began their run, or significantly returned, from the years 2000 to 2009.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Sage Alcazar is a fictional character on the ABC soap opera, General Hospital.", "List of General Hospital characters (2000s) __knowledge__ She was portrayed by Eileen Boylan in 2003, and then by Katie Stuart in 2004.", "History of France __knowledge__ The first written records for the history of France appear in the Iron Age.", "History of France __knowledge__ What is now France made up the bulk of the region known to the Romans as Gaul.", "History of France __knowledge__ Roman writers noted the presence of three main ethno-linguistic groups in the area: the Gauls, the Aquitani, and the Belgae.", "History of France __knowledge__ The Gauls, the largest and best attested group, were Celtic people speaking what is known as the Gaulish language.", "History of France __knowledge__ Over the course of the 1st millennium BC the Greeks, Romans and Carthaginians established colonies on the Mediterranean coast and the offshore islands.", "History of France __knowledge__ The Roman Republic annexed southern Gaul as the province of Gallia Narbonensis in the late 2nd century BC, and Roman forces under Julius Caesar conquered the rest of Gaul in the Gallic Wars of 58–51 BC.", "Never Alone (video game) __knowledge__ Never Alone, also known as (\"I am not alone\"), is a puzzle-platformer adventure video game developed by Upper One Games and published by E-Line Media based on the traditional Iñupiaq tale, \"Kunuuksaayuka\", which was first recorded by master storyteller Robert Nasruk Cleveland in his collection \"Stories of the Black River People\"\".\"", "Never Alone (video game) __knowledge__ Swapping between an Iñupiaq girl named Nuna and her Arctic fox companion, the player completes puzzles in a story that spans eight chapters.", "Never Alone (video game) __knowledge__ The game was the result of a partnership between the Cook Inlet Tribal Council and E-Line Media.", "Never Alone (video game) __knowledge__ It is one of a growing number of video games produced by indigenous people.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "BarlowGirl __knowledge__ BarlowGirl was an American Christian rock–CCM all-female band from Elgin, Illinois.", "BarlowGirl __knowledge__ The band was composed of sisters Alyssa (lead vocals, bass, keyboard), Rebecca (backing vocals, guitar), and Lauren (co-lead vocals, drums) Barlow.", "BarlowGirl __knowledge__ The band is best known for its radio singles \"Never Alone\" in 2004 and \"I Need You to Love Me\" in 2006, breaking records for the longest-charting No.", "BarlowGirl __knowledge__ 1 song on the Radio and Records Christian Hit Radio (CHR) chart and obtaining millions of views for their music videos on YouTube.", "BarlowGirl __knowledge__ The band exceeded sales of one million compact discs by the end of 2008 and finished its career with over 1 million digital song downloads and 1.3 million compact disc sales.", "Disaster area __knowledge__ A disaster area is a region or a locale, heavily damaged by either natural, technological or social hazards.", "Disaster area __knowledge__ Disaster areas affect the population living in the community by dramatic increase in expense, loss of energy, food and services; and finally increase the risk of disease for citizens.", "Disaster area __knowledge__ An area that has been struck with a natural, technological or sociological hazard that opens the affected area for national or international aid.", "Disaster area __knowledge__ A natural hazard is a negative process of phenomena created naturally (tornadoes, hurricanes, tsunamis, floods, earthquakes) that will affect people or the environment.", "Never Alone (Jim Brickman song) __knowledge__ \"Never Alone\" is a song written by Gary Burr, Sarah Buxton, and Victoria Shaw and recorded by American songwriter and pianist Jim Brickman.", "Never Alone (Jim Brickman song) __knowledge__ Originally recorded with American country music singer Sara Evans on vocals for his 2006 album, \"Escape\", it was famously re-recorded with American country pop trio Lady Antebellum for its release as a single.", "Never Alone (Jim Brickman song) __knowledge__ This latter version was released to digital retailers through Savoy Records on February 20, 2007 and impacted American adult contemporary radio that spring.", "Never Alone (Jim Brickman song) __knowledge__ Lady Antebellum's female vocalist, Hillary Scott, is sometimes credited individually as a featured artist alongside Lady Antebellum." ] ]

[ 2, 27, 3, 2 ]

[ "11 years ago. Which is both good and bad! Lucky I haven't suffered any recession effects.", "Na, it didn't last long. How about you? Hopefully unemployment benefits assisted you.", "I understand that but there's never a reason for it! Unfortunately we're never alone since there are hundreds of millions without a job too.", "Yea. I'm always worried that a recession could hit and last a year or more! Which means an overcrowded job search field." ]

[ "Unemployment", "Unemployment", "Unemployment", "Unemployment" ]

[ "Honda Civic", "oh yea very reliable and nice.", "Oof heavy hitting fact." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Honda Civic is a line of cars manufactured by Honda.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Originally a subcompact, the Civic has gone through several generational changes, becoming both larger and more upmarket and moving into the compact car segment.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ EPA guidelines for vehicle size class stipulate a car having combined passenger and cargo room of is considered a mid-size car, and as such the tenth generation Civic sedan is technically a small-end mid-size car, although it still competes in the compact class.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic coupe is still considered a compact car.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic currently falls between the Honda Fit and Accord.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The first Civic was introduced in July 1972 as a two-door model, followed by a three-door hatchback that September.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ With an 1169 cc transverse engine and front-wheel drive like the British Mini, the car provided good interior space despite overall small dimensions.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Initially gaining a reputation for being fuel-efficient, reliable, and environmentally friendly, later iterations have become known for performance and sportiness, especially the Civic Type R, Civic VTi, Civic GTi and Civic SiR/Si.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic has been repeatedly rebadged for international markets, and served as the basis for the Honda CR-X, the Honda CR-X del Sol, the Concerto, the first generation Prelude, the Civic Shuttle (later to become the Orthia), and the CR-V." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Honda Civic is a line of cars manufactured by Honda.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Originally a subcompact, the Civic has gone through several generational changes, becoming both larger and more upmarket and moving into the compact car segment.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ EPA guidelines for vehicle size class stipulate a car having combined passenger and cargo room of is considered a mid-size car, and as such the tenth generation Civic sedan is technically a small-end mid-size car, although it still competes in the compact class.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic coupe is still considered a compact car.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic currently falls between the Honda Fit and Accord.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The first Civic was introduced in July 1972 as a two-door model, followed by a three-door hatchback that September.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ With an 1169 cc transverse engine and front-wheel drive like the British Mini, the car provided good interior space despite overall small dimensions.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Initially gaining a reputation for being fuel-efficient, reliable, and environmentally friendly, later iterations have become known for performance and sportiness, especially the Civic Type R, Civic VTi, Civic GTi and Civic SiR/Si.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic has been repeatedly rebadged for international markets, and served as the basis for the Honda CR-X, the Honda CR-X del Sol, the Concerto, the first generation Prelude, the Civic Shuttle (later to become the Orthia), and the CR-V.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Butch Patterson: Private Dick is a Canadian serial comedy television series centering on the seedy exploits of a self-described premature ejaculating, alcoholic, kleptomaniac, sexually deviant private detective played by Canadian actor/comedian Greg Lawrence.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ The series had a three season run, airing on The Comedy Network.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Although the show was not a critical or commercial success, it maintains a small cult following.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ After the series' initial run, reruns were featured on the now defunct CBC Country Canada.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Since then, all three original seasons have been released on DVD.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Most of the episodes are focused around the cases that Butch Patterson is investigating at the time.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" (occasionally spelt as \"Oh Yea\") is a song by Ash, released as the fifth single from their album \"1977\" on 24 June 1996.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It was released as a single CD, a 7\" vinyl (the limited edition 7\" was yellow and came with a picture sleeve), and as a cassette.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ The UK Promo version of the track is thought of as quite rare, and a collector's item between fans.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It comes on orange 7\" vinyl and has the same track on both sides.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" was the first single released after the release of \"1977\" and was their second Top 10 single, reaching number 6 in the UK singles chart.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It is probably Ash's best-known song and one of the best known from the Brit-Pop period.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ One Second is Yello's fifth original studio album, having been preceded by a 'new mix' compilation the previous year.", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ Released in 1987, the album is noteworthy for featuring both Billy MacKenzie and Shirley Bassey, the latter singing vocals on \"The Rhythm Divine\".", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ The songs \"Call It Love\", \"Si Senor The Hairy Grill\", \"Moon On Ice\", \"Hawaiian Chance\" were used on episodes of \"Miami Vice\" and the song \"Santiago\" used as a sample from Dunya Yunis' \"Abu Zeluf\".", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ A couple of songs were also used in the 1990 film \"Nuns on the Run\".", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ The song \"Si Senor The Hairy Grill\" was used as theme song for the Fox TV show \"The Edge\".", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Zameer Rizvi (born 5 February 1981) is a Canadian singer/songwriter, musician and composer.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ As a songwriter, Zameer's subject matter is usually inspired by personal experiences.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ His songs vary anywhere from upbeat party-like music, to soulful reflective music, to political music reflecting his views on social justice.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ His honest writing style earned him worldwide recognition when his song about social injustice against athletes with disabilities, \"Win or Defeat\", was licensed as a theme song by the 2010 Paralympic Games.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Rizvi went on to perform the song at the 2010 Olympic Games.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Rizvi garnered further success with strong sales of his debut album \"From Under the Bleachers\" from which the single \"Glory of Love\" rose to the 73rd spot on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 charts.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ The ninth generation Honda Civic was launched in the North American market in April 2011, Europe in February 2012, and Asia in early 2012.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ In May 2010, the ninth-generation Civic was said to be delayed into 2011 because of changing market conditions and tougher fuel economy and emissions regulations.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ The Civic was originally planned to become bigger, but after the collapse of Lehman Brothers and the global credit crisis in 2008, Honda wanted to make the car smaller, lighter and more fuel-efficient, while increasing space inside.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ On December 13, 2010, Honda unveiled a sketch of the new ninth-generation Civic which was described as \"energetic, sleek and aerodynamic.\"", "Honda Civic (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The sixth-generation Honda Civic was introduced in 1995 with 3-door hatchback, 4-door sedan and 2-door coupe body-styles, replicating its predecessor's line-up.", "Honda Civic (sixth generation) __knowledge__ A 5-door hatchback was also produced to replace the Honda Concerto hatchback in Europe but this model, while using the same design language as the rest of the Civic range, was quite distinct, instead being a hatchback version of the Honda Domani, sharing that car's platform which was related to the fifth-generation (EG/EH/EJ) Civic.", "Honda Civic (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The Domani replaced the sedan version of the Concerto in Japan while the sedan version of the Concerto was directly replaced by the sixth-generation Civic sedan in other markets.", "Honda Civic (first generation) __knowledge__ The first generation Honda Civic is an automobile which was produced by Honda in Japan from July 1972 to 1979.", "Honda Civic (first generation) __knowledge__ Honda began selling the 1169 cc (70 in³) transversely mounted inline-four engine Civic for about US$2,200.", "Honda Civic (first generation) __knowledge__ The Civic was largely developed as a new platform, and was the result of taking the previous Honda N600 and increasing the length, width, height, and wheelbase.", "Honda Civic (first generation) __knowledge__ The engine displacement was almost double the previous N600 (599 cc) at 1,170 cc, with two more cylinders added.", "Honda Civic (first generation) __knowledge__ The car produced roughly 50 hp (37 kW) and included power front disc brakes, vinyl seating, reclining bucket seats, and a woodgrain-accented dashboard which has many similarities to the later Rover SD1.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ The eighth generation of the Honda Civic was introduced in September 2005, for the 2006 model year.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ This generation introduced the \"two-tier\" instrument panel.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ In many countries (USA, UK, New Zealand), all models (including the base model) come standard with power windows, anti-lock brakes (ABS), and side/curtain airbags (for a total of six airbags).", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ Additionally, the 2006 models acquired ULEV-2 (Ultra Low Emission Vehicle) certification and boast a more powerful 1.8-litre engine than the 2005 counterparts while retaining almost equal fuel economy.", "Honda Civic (eighth generation) __knowledge__ In the North American market, the sedan and coupe styles are available, which were designed in Japan and Ohio, respectively.", "Hasegawa Corporation __knowledge__ The is a company that manufactures plastic model kits of a variety of vehicles, including model aircraft, model cars, model ships, model armor, model space craft and science fiction kits.", "Hasegawa Corporation __knowledge__ Based in Shizuoka, Japan, Hasegawa competes against its neighbor, Tamiya, though it does not have as large a line of products.", "Hasegawa Corporation __knowledge__ Primarily using polystyrene, Hasegawa kits are typically regarded as very accurate, but without quite the ease-of-assembly that Tamiya kits offer, though of very high standard nonetheless.", "Hasegawa Corporation __knowledge__ Currently, Hasegawa kits are imported into North America by Hobbico's Great Planes Model Distributor division.", "Honda Z __knowledge__ Honda Z (marketed also as the Z600) is a two-door hatchback kei car/city car manufactured and marketed by the Honda Motor Company, from 1970 until 1974.", "Honda Z __knowledge__ Exports mostly ended after 1972, when the domestic market models received a redesigned pillarless bodywork.", "Honda Z __knowledge__ Honda subsequently marketed a kei-class SUV from 1998-2003, bearing no relation to the first 'Z', but bearing the same nameplate.", "Honda Z __knowledge__ The two-door Honda Z debuted in October 1970 and was marketed until 1973 in most countries.", "Honda Z __knowledge__ US sales (only with the larger 600 cc engine) lasted for model years 1970 through 1972, ending prior to the 1973 introduction of the Civic." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Honda Civic is a line of cars manufactured by Honda.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Originally a subcompact, the Civic has gone through several generational changes, becoming both larger and more upmarket and moving into the compact car segment.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ EPA guidelines for vehicle size class stipulate a car having combined passenger and cargo room of is considered a mid-size car, and as such the tenth generation Civic sedan is technically a small-end mid-size car, although it still competes in the compact class.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic coupe is still considered a compact car.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic currently falls between the Honda Fit and Accord.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The first Civic was introduced in July 1972 as a two-door model, followed by a three-door hatchback that September.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ With an 1169 cc transverse engine and front-wheel drive like the British Mini, the car provided good interior space despite overall small dimensions.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ Initially gaining a reputation for being fuel-efficient, reliable, and environmentally friendly, later iterations have become known for performance and sportiness, especially the Civic Type R, Civic VTi, Civic GTi and Civic SiR/Si.", "Honda Civic __knowledge__ The Civic has been repeatedly rebadged for international markets, and served as the basis for the Honda CR-X, the Honda CR-X del Sol, the Concerto, the first generation Prelude, the Civic Shuttle (later to become the Orthia), and the CR-V.", "Nelly Makdessy __knowledge__ Nelly Makdessy () (born October 10, 1979) is a Lebanese singer, songwriter, record producer, instrumentalist and model.", "Nelly Makdessy __knowledge__ Nelly started her career in the amateurs TV program \"Kaass El Noujoum\" which was broadcast on the Lebanese channel LBC in early 1990s, she sang in the category of Folklore Music.", "Nelly Makdessy __knowledge__ Makdessy released four albums in her career and eleven singles.", "Nelly Makdessy __knowledge__ her first album ' produced two hit singles including \"Shouf El Ein\" and \"Machie Al Maghror\".", "Nelly Makdessy __knowledge__ It was her most successful album until the 2005 album \"Oof Oof\".", "Nelly Makdessy __knowledge__ In 2008, Makdessy released two hit singles, \"Ya'esh El Hob\" and \"Ya Nar Nari\".", "Nelly Makdessy __knowledge__ She is currently working on a new album to be released in 2013.", "Springer (killer whale) __knowledge__ Springer (born late 1999 or early 2000), officially named A73, is a wild orca (also known as killer whale) from the Northern Resident community of orcas which every summer frequent the waters off the northern part of Vancouver Island, British Columbia (BC).", "Springer (killer whale) __knowledge__ In 2002, Springer, then a calf developmentally equivalent to a human toddler, was discovered alone and emaciated some 250 miles from her family's (called a pod), territory.", "Springer (killer whale) __knowledge__ Experts identified Springer by her vocal calls that are specific to her pod and by examining photographs of her eye patch.", "Springer (killer whale) __knowledge__ They were also able determine where Springer's pod was currently located.", "Dev Patel __knowledge__ Dev Patel (born 23 April 1990) is an English actor.", "Dev Patel __knowledge__ Born and raised in London to Indian parents, Patel made his screen debut as Anwar Kharral in the first two series of the British television teen drama \"Skins\" (2007–2008), landing the role with no prior professional acting experience.", "Dev Patel __knowledge__ His breakthrough came in 2008 with the leading role of Jamal Malik in Danny Boyle's drama \"Slumdog Millionaire\", which won the Academy Award for Best Picture, and for which he was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor and the SAG Award for Best Supporting Actor.", "Dev Patel __knowledge__ Patel went on to star in the highly successful romantic comedy \"The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel\" (2012) and its 2015 sequel, the Second Best Exotic Marigold Hotel, the fantasy film \"The Last Airbender\" (2010), and the science fiction crime thriller film \"Chappie\" (2015).", "North Sea Radio Orchestra __knowledge__ North Sea Radio Orchestra (generally abbreviated to NSRO) is an English contemporary music ensemble and cross-disciplinary chamber orchestra (plus chorus).", "North Sea Radio Orchestra __knowledge__ The NSRO was set up mainly as a vehicle for the compositions of its musical director, Craig Fortnam, but has also performed works by William D. Drake and James Larcombe.", "North Sea Radio Orchestra __knowledge__ The ensemble is notable for its post-modern fusion of Romantic music and later twentieth century forms, and for its bridging of the worlds of contemporary classical music, British folk music, London art rock and poetry (setting music to poems by W.B.", "North Sea Radio Orchestra __knowledge__ Yeats, Thomas Hardy, Alfred, Lord Tennyson and Daniel Dundas Maitland).", "Kitione Lave __knowledge__ Lavemai Kitione Takitau (16 April 1934 – 2 June 2006), who fought under the name Kitione Lave, was a Tongan heavyweight boxer.", "Kitione Lave __knowledge__ At the age of 18 he became the South Pacific heavyweight champion and in 1956 he unsuccessfully challenged Joe Bygraves for the vacant Commonwealth title.", "Kitione Lave __knowledge__ A heavy hitting fighter, with the vast majority of his victories ending in knockouts, he was known as The Tongan Torpedo.", "Kitione Lave __knowledge__ After retiring from boxing he had a brief career as a professional wrestler.", "Kitione Lave __knowledge__ Lave was born in the village of Hunga in Tonga in 1934.", "Kitione Lave __knowledge__ In 1953 he travelled to New Zealand and set himself up in Auckland.", "Stonewall Cemetery __knowledge__ Stonewall Cemetery is a subsection of Mount Hebron Cemetery in Winchester, Virginia, established in 1866 for 2,575 Confederate soldiers who died in battle or in the hospitals in and around the Winchester area.", "Stonewall Cemetery __knowledge__ A monument over the mass grave of more than 800 unknown Confederate soldiers is at the center of the cemetery, and the plots are divided by the home states of the fallen soldiers within.", "The S.O.S. Band __knowledge__ The S.O.S.", "The S.O.S. Band __knowledge__ Band (sometimes written SOS Band; abbreviation for Sounds Of Success) is an American R&B and electro-funk group who gained fame in the 1980s.", "The S.O.S. Band __knowledge__ They are best known for the songs \"Take Your Time (Do It Right),\" \"Just Be Good to Me,\" \"Tell Me If You Still Care,\" and \"The Finest.\"", "The S.O.S. Band __knowledge__ The S.O.S.", "The S.O.S. Band __knowledge__ Band hit with a two-million-selling single, “Take Your Time (Do It Right),” their first time out, before having several hit singles written and produced by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis.", "The S.O.S. Band __knowledge__ The Atlanta, GA-borne band was started in 1977, when keyboardist/vocalist Jason Bryant, saxophonists Billy Ellis and Willie “Sonny” Killebrew, guitarist Bruno Speight, bassist John Alexander Simpson, drummerJames Earl Jones III, and lead vocalist Mary Davis formed a group called Santa Monica that played at Atlanta nightclub the Regal Room.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, as well as the world's largest manufacturer of internal combustion engines measured by volume, producing more than 14 million internal combustion engines each year.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda became the second-largest Japanese automobile manufacturer in 2001.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the eighth largest automobile manufacturer in the world behind Toyota, Volkswagen Group, Hyundai Motor Group, General Motors, Ford, Nissan, and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2015.", "Honda __knowledge__ Honda was the first Japanese automobile manufacturer to release a dedicated luxury brand, Acura, in 1986.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ The Honda Civic Type R is the highest performance version of the Honda Civic made by Honda Motor Company of Japan.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ It features a lightened and stiffened body, specially tuned engine and upgraded brakes and chassis.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ Red is also used in the badge interior to give it a special sporting distinction and to separate it from other Honda models.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ In Japan, there is a one-make series of Honda Type R cars where a privateer can purchase an off-road Type R and compete in a series championship, which is a stepping stone for many aspiring racing drivers.", "Honda Civic Type R __knowledge__ The first Civic to receive the 'Type R' name was based on the 6th-generation fan-base 'EK' Civic.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ The ninth generation Honda Civic was launched in the North American market in April 2011, Europe in February 2012, and Asia in early 2012.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ In May 2010, the ninth-generation Civic was said to be delayed into 2011 because of changing market conditions and tougher fuel economy and emissions regulations.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ The Civic was originally planned to become bigger, but after the collapse of Lehman Brothers and the global credit crisis in 2008, Honda wanted to make the car smaller, lighter and more fuel-efficient, while increasing space inside.", "Honda Civic (ninth generation) __knowledge__ On December 13, 2010, Honda unveiled a sketch of the new ninth-generation Civic which was described as \"energetic, sleek and aerodynamic.\"", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Honda Accord is a series of automobiles manufactured by Honda since 1976, best known for its four-door sedan variant, which has been one of the best-selling cars in the United States since 1989.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ The Accord nameplate has been applied to a variety of vehicles worldwide, including coupes, wagons, hatchbacks and a crossover.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ Since initiation, Honda has offered several different car body styles and versions of the Accord, and often vehicles marketed under the Accord nameplate concurrently in different regions differ quite substantially.", "Honda Accord __knowledge__ It debuted in 1976 as a compact hatchback, though this style only lasted through 1989, as the line-up was expanded to include a sedan, coupé, and wagon.", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ The Honda Insight is a hybrid electric vehicle that was manufactured and marketed by Honda in its first generation as a three-door, two passenger hatchback (1999–2006) and in its second generation as a five-door, five passenger hatchback (2009–2014).", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ The Insight was the first production vehicle to feature Honda's Integrated Motor Assist system.", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ The first generation Insight is the most fuel efficient gasoline-powered car available in the U.S. without plug-in capability for the length of its production run.", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ EPA estimates were 61 City/70 Highway/65 Combined.", "Honda Insight __knowledge__ However, that was under the old EPA standards.", "Honda City __knowledge__ The Honda City is a compact car which has been produced by the Japanese manufacturer Honda since 1981.", "Honda City __knowledge__ Originally made for the Japanese, European and Australasian markets, the subcompact City 3-door hatchback was retired in 1994 after the second generation.", "Honda City __knowledge__ The nameplate was revived in 1996 for use on a series of compact four-door sedans aimed primarily at developing markets, first mainly sold in Asia outside Japan but later also in Latin America and Australia.", "Honda City __knowledge__ From 2002 to 2008, the City was also sold as the Honda Fit Aria in Japan.", "Honda City __knowledge__ Since then, it has been a compact sedan built on Honda's Global Small Car platform, which is shared with the Fit/Jazz (a five-door hatchback), the Airwave/Partner (a wagon/panel van version of the Fit Aria/City), the Mobilio, and the Mobilio Spike—all of which share the location of the fuel tank under the front seats rather than rear seats." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "Honda Civics are such great cars, really reliable.", "Believe it or not, but the Honda Civic was manufactured by Honda.", "They were also originally a subcompact car." ]

[ "Honda Civic", "Honda Civic", "Honda Civic" ]

[ "Baseball", "I think baseball is cool but I don't know much about it. ", "No I haven't, is that a famous baseball player? ", "That's about all I know about it actually. What else is there to it, there are bases right? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Beyoncé for her fourth studio album, \"4\" (2011).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ It was released by Columbia Records in the United States on May 25, 2011, as a promotional single.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ Serving as the opening track on \"4\", it was written and produced by The-Dream, Tricky Stewart .", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" was originally titled \"Nothing But Love\" and by Corey-Jackson Carter & The-Dream & he had initially planned to include it on his second studio album, \"Love vs. Money\" (2009).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ A down-tempo contemporary R&B and soul music power ballad, \"1+1\" Beyoncé expressing her endless love to her soul mate; the lyrics make strong statements about the power of the relationship.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ Kenneth C. Davis is an American historian, best known for his \"Don't Know Much About...\" series.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ Born in Mount Vernon, New York City, Davis attended but did not graduate from Concordia College, Bronxville in New York, and Fordham University at Lincoln Center, New York.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ He lives in New York City and Dorset, Vermont, with his wife and two children.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ Davis has made frequent media appearances, including NPR's \"All Things Considered\", and he has lectured at museums, including the Smithsonian Museum and the American Museum of Natural History.", "Kenneth C. Davis __knowledge__ He has been a contributor to \"The New York Times\", \"Newsday\" and other publications.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Harbor Defenses of New York __knowledge__ The Harbor Defenses of New York was a United States Army Coast Artillery Corps harbor defense command.", "Harbor Defenses of New York __knowledge__ It coordinated the coast defenses of New York City from 1895 to 1950, beginning with the Endicott program, some of which were located in New Jersey.", "Harbor Defenses of New York __knowledge__ These included both coast artillery forts and underwater minefields.", "Harbor Defenses of New York __knowledge__ The command originated circa 1895 as an Artillery District(s) and became the Coast Defenses of Eastern New York and Coast Defenses of Southern New York in 1913.", "Harbor Defenses of New York __knowledge__ Circa 1915 the Coast Defenses of Sandy Hook separated from the latter command.", "Harbor Defenses of New York __knowledge__ In 1925 the commands were renamed as Harbor Defense Commands, and in 1935 the Harbor Defenses of Eastern New York was disestablished, although possibly retaining the minefield capability.", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ \"Taking Chances\" is a song recorded by Canadian recording artist Celine Dion, taken from her tenth English studio album of the same name (2007).", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ It was written by songwriter Kara DioGuardi and former Eurythmics member Dave Stewart for their band named Platinum Weird.", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ It was supposed to be released as a single in February 2007 for their unreleased self-titled album.", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ However, after DioGuardi and Stewart recorded the song, they played it for Dion's husband René Angélil, who loved it and Dion recorded it.", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ It was released as the first single from \"Taking Chances\" in September 2007.", "Taking Chances (song) __knowledge__ \"Taking Chances\" is a pop ballad with a soft rock finish.", "Satchel Paige __knowledge__ Leroy Robert \"Satchel\" Paige (July 7, 1906 – June 8, 1982) was an American Negro league baseball and Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher who became a legend in his own lifetime by being known as perhaps the best pitcher in baseball history, by his longevity in the game, and by attracting record crowds wherever he pitched.", "Satchel Paige __knowledge__ Paige was a right-handed pitcher, and at age 42 in 1948, he was the oldest major league rookie while playing for the Cleveland Indians.", "Satchel Paige __knowledge__ He played with the St. Louis Browns until age 47, and represented them in the All-Star Game in 1952 and 1953.", "Satchel Paige __knowledge__ He was the first player who had played in the Negro leagues to pitch in the World Series, in 1948, and was the first electee of the Committee on Negro Baseball Leagues to be inducted in the National Baseball Hall of Fame, in 1971.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Don Demeter __knowledge__ Donald Lee \"Don\" Demeter (born June 25, 1935) is an American former professional baseball player.", "Don Demeter __knowledge__ He played as an outfielder, third baseman, and first baseman in Major League Baseball for the Brooklyn Dodgers, Los Angeles Dodgers, Philadelphia Phillies, Detroit Tigers, Boston Red Sox, and Cleveland Indians.", "Don Demeter __knowledge__ He batted and threw right-handed.", "Don Demeter __knowledge__ From September 1962 to July 1965, Demeter had 266 consecutive errorless games in the outfield, a Major League record that would stand for almost 30 years until Darren Lewis broke the mark in 1994 with 369.", "Don Demeter __knowledge__ Don Demeter is a member of The Oklahoma Sports Hall of Fame.", "Terre Haute, Indiana __knowledge__ Terre Haute ( ) is a city in and the county seat of Vigo County, Indiana, United States, near the state's western border with Illinois.", "Terre Haute, Indiana __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 60,785 and its metropolitan area had a population of 170,943.", "Terre Haute, Indiana __knowledge__ Located along the Wabash River, Terre Haute is the self-proclaimed capital of the Wabash Valley.", "Terre Haute, Indiana __knowledge__ The city is home to several higher education institutions, including Indiana State University, Saint Mary-of-the-Woods College, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology and Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana.", "Terre Haute, Indiana __knowledge__ Terre Haute is located alongside the eastern bank of the Wabash River in western Indiana.", "Bård Finne __knowledge__ Bård Finne (born 13 February 1995) is a Norwegian football player who plays as a forward for Vålerenga Fotball.", "Bård Finne __knowledge__ Hailing from Bergen, he started his professional career in Brann.", "Bård Finne __knowledge__ Finne has represented Norway from under-15 to under-21 level.", "Bård Finne __knowledge__ Finne was born in Bergen, with parents hailing from Voss.", "Bård Finne __knowledge__ During his childhood, Finne participated in both athletics and cross-country skiing in addition to playing football and became regional champion in cross-country skiing while competing for Voss IL.", "Bård Finne __knowledge__ Finne, who grew up in the area surrounding Brann Stadion, played football for SK Trane until he gave up both athletics and skiing at the age of 12 and joined Nymark IL where he played with Andreas Vindheim and Kasper Skaanes until the three joined SK Brann's youth-team together in 2009.", "Early life of Hugo Chávez __knowledge__ The early life of Hugo Chávez spans the first twenty-one years (1954–1975) of the former President of Venezuela's life.", "Early life of Hugo Chávez __knowledge__ Leader of the \"Bolivarian Revolution\", Hugo Chávez is known for his socialist governance, his promotion of Latin American integration, and his radical critique of neoliberal globalization and United States foreign policy.", "Early life of Hugo Chávez __knowledge__ Born on 28 July 1954 in rural Sabaneta, Chávez was raised in a poor family in the rural \"llanos\" (plains) region of the Venezuelan interior.", "Early life of Hugo Chávez __knowledge__ Chávez later lived with his grandmother, whose father was Jewish, and rose through school to obtain entry into the Venezuelan Academy of Military Sciences as a cadet.", "Takitarō Minakami __knowledge__ Minakami was born in the upscale Azabu district of Tokyo.", "Takitarō Minakami __knowledge__ His father, Abe Taizo, was the founder of Meiji Life Insurance Company.", "Takitarō Minakami __knowledge__ In 1891 the family moved to Matsuzaka-cho in Shiba Ward of Tokyo.", "Takitarō Minakami __knowledge__ Minakami attended Keiō High School and played on the school's baseball club.", "Takitarō Minakami __knowledge__ While attending Keio University, he was inspired by the works of Kyōka Izumi and by a newly appointed professor, Kafū Nagai, who was also the founder of the literary magazine \"Mita Bungaku,\" launched in 1910.", "Takitarō Minakami __knowledge__ While at Keiō University, Minakami developed a friendship with the playwright, script writer, and director of the Bungakuza Theater, Mantarō Kubota.", "Santiago de los Caballeros __knowledge__ Santiago de los Caballeros or simply Santiago (English: Saint James of the Thirty Knights) is the second-largest city in the Dominican Republic, and the fourth-largest city in the Caribbean.", "Santiago de los Caballeros __knowledge__ It is the capital of the Santiago Province and the major metropolis in the north-central region of the country.", "Santiago de los Caballeros __knowledge__ Santiago is located approximately northwest of Santo Domingo with an average altitude of 178 meters (584 ft).", "Santiago de los Caballeros __knowledge__ Founded in 1495 during the first wave of European settlement in the New World, the city is the \"first Santiago of the Americas\".", "Santiago de los Caballeros __knowledge__ Today the city is one of the Dominican Republic's cultural, political, industrial, and financial centers.", "Tony DiNozzo and Ziva David __knowledge__ Tony DiNozzo and Ziva David are fictional characters from the American police procedural drama \"NCIS\".", "Tony DiNozzo and Ziva David __knowledge__ Tony, an original character, is portrayed by Michael Weatherly, and Ziva, who first appeared in the third season, is portrayed by Cote de Pablo.", "Tony DiNozzo and Ziva David __knowledge__ Frequently referred to by the portmanteau \"Tiva\" (for Tony and Ziva), the characters' flirtation and the idea of them eventually beginning a relationship became a subject of interest among viewers, and by 2010, \"TV Guide\" reported that \"many fans have become obsessed with the romantic tension between Weatherly's character and co-worker Ziva\".", "Tony DiNozzo and Ziva David __knowledge__ Focus and media coverage on the pair escalated over the years, particularly after \"NCIS\" became the most watched television series in America during its tenth season." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Jackie Robinson __knowledge__ Jack Roosevelt Robinson (January 31, 1919 – October 24, 1972) was an American professional baseball second baseman who became the first African American to play in Major League Baseball (MLB) in the modern era.", "Jackie Robinson __knowledge__ Robinson broke the baseball color line when the Brooklyn Dodgers started him at first base on April 15, 1947.", "Jackie Robinson __knowledge__ When the Dodgers signed Robinson, they heralded the end of racial segregation in professional baseball that had relegated black players to the Negro leagues since the 1880s.", "Jackie Robinson __knowledge__ Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962.", "Jackie Robinson __knowledge__ Robinson had an exceptional 10-year baseball career.", "Paul Narita __knowledge__ Paul Narita is a fictional character from the NBC Daytime soap opera, \"Days of Our Lives\" portrayed by Christopher Sean.", "Paul Narita __knowledge__ Paul was created under head writers Gary Tomlin and Christopher Whitesell and introduced in November 2014 as a famous baseball player getting surgery on his shoulder.", "Paul Narita __knowledge__ Paul flirts with every woman he sees but is eventually revealed to be the closeted ex-boyfriend of Sonny Kiriakis (Freddie Smith), whom Paul considers to be the love of his life.", "Paul Narita __knowledge__ Though the surgery proves successful, Paul is unable to pitch again and finds comfort in the arms of journalist Will Horton (Guy Wilson) -- who has convinced Paul to come out in a magazine article.", "List of Fudge series characters __knowledge__ A smart, impatient, sarcastic, and seemingly naive boy who lives in New York City.", "List of Fudge series characters __knowledge__ He is a kind, polite, thoughtful, and sensitive boy, but reveals a quick temper when provoked or impassioned.", "List of Fudge series characters __knowledge__ He often feels unappreciated and uncared for by his parents, mainly due to the amount of attention his brother requires.", "List of Fudge series characters __knowledge__ In the first book, he is nine years old and in the fourth grade, and in Double Fudge he is twelve and in seventh grade.", "List of Fudge series characters __knowledge__ He has a habit of imagining things, oftentimes thinking up TV ads for concepts he has just been introduced to (a trait likely inherited from his father as that is his career).", "King Kelly __knowledge__ Michael Joseph \"King\" Kelly (December 31, 1857 – November 8, 1894), also commonly known as \"$10,000 Kelly,\" was an American outfielder, catcher, and manager in various professional American baseball leagues including the National League, International Association, Players' League, and the American Association.", "King Kelly __knowledge__ He spent the majority of his 16-season playing career with the Chicago White Stockings and the Boston Beaneaters.", "King Kelly __knowledge__ Kelly was a player-manager three times in his career – in 1887 for the Beaneaters, in 1890 leading the Boston Reds to the pennant in the only season of the Players' League's existence, and in 1891 for the Cincinnati Kelly's Killers – before his retirement in 1893.", "Sonny Kiriakis __knowledge__ Sonny Kiriakis is a fictional character from the NBC Daytime soap opera, \"Days of Our Lives\" portrayed by Freddie Smith.", "Sonny Kiriakis __knowledge__ Sonny is the only biological child of supercouple, Justin Kiriakis (Wally Kurth) and Adrienne Johnson Kiriakis (Judi Evans).", "Sonny Kiriakis __knowledge__ Sonny's off screen birth was announced onscreen in 1991.", "Sonny Kiriakis __knowledge__ Created under head writer Dena Higley, Sonny was introduced onscreen in 2011 by executive producers Ken Corday and Gary Tomlin as Justin and Adrienne's openly gay son—and the first gay character in the show's history.", "Sonny Kiriakis __knowledge__ His major stories included a gay bashing storyline and the development of his romance with Will Horton (then Chandler Massey) who is just coming to terms with his sexuality.", "Out of the Park Baseball __knowledge__ Out of the Park Baseball, abbreviated as OOTP, is a text-based baseball simulation for career, historical, and fictional play.", "Out of the Park Baseball __knowledge__ \"OOTP\" was originally written in 1998, when lead developer Markus Heinsohn sought to combine realistic replay baseball simulation with career play to satisfy hardcore fans and casual gamers alike.", "Out of the Park Baseball __knowledge__ \"A friend of mine brought home a bat and a glove from a trip to Miami, so we started hitting tennis balls into the neighbor’s gardens.", "Out of the Park Baseball __knowledge__ That was in 1991,\" Heinsohn told Inside Mac Games in a July 2012 interview.", "Out of the Park Baseball __knowledge__ \"We then formed a baseball club and started playing in organized baseball leagues in 1994.", "Polo Grounds __knowledge__ The Polo Grounds was the name of three stadiums in Upper Manhattan, New York City, used mainly for professional baseball and American football from 1880 until 1963.", "Polo Grounds __knowledge__ The third Polo Grounds, built in 1890 and renovated after a fire in 1911, is the one generally indicated when \"the Polo Grounds\" is referenced.", "Polo Grounds __knowledge__ It was located in Coogan's Hollow and was noted for its distinctive bathtub shape, very short distances to the left and right field walls, and an unusually deep center field.", "Polo Grounds __knowledge__ As the name suggests, the original Polo Grounds, opened in 1876 and demolished in 1889, was built for the sport of polo.", "Don Demeter __knowledge__ Donald Lee \"Don\" Demeter (born June 25, 1935) is an American former professional baseball player.", "Don Demeter __knowledge__ He played as an outfielder, third baseman, and first baseman in Major League Baseball for the Brooklyn Dodgers, Los Angeles Dodgers, Philadelphia Phillies, Detroit Tigers, Boston Red Sox, and Cleveland Indians.", "Don Demeter __knowledge__ He batted and threw right-handed.", "Don Demeter __knowledge__ From September 1962 to July 1965, Demeter had 266 consecutive errorless games in the outfield, a Major League record that would stand for almost 30 years until Darren Lewis broke the mark in 1994 with 369.", "Don Demeter __knowledge__ Don Demeter is a member of The Oklahoma Sports Hall of Fame.", "Demeter __knowledge__ In ancient Greek religion and Greek mythology, Demeter (; Attic: \"Dēmḗtēr\", ; Doric: \"Dāmā́tēr\") is the goddess of the harvest and agriculture, who presided over grains and the fertility of the earth.", "Demeter __knowledge__ Her cult titles include Sito (), \"she of the Grain\", as the giver of food or grain, and Thesmophoros (, \"thesmos\": divine order, unwritten law; , \"phoros\": bringer, bearer), \"Law-Bringer\", as a mark of the civilized existence of agricultural society.", "Demeter __knowledge__ Though Demeter is often described simply as the goddess of the harvest, she presided also over the sacred law, and the cycle of life and death.", "Demeter __knowledge__ She and her daughter Persephone were the central figures of the Eleusinian Mysteries that predated the Olympian pantheon.", "Persephone __knowledge__ In Greek mythology, Persephone (; ), also called Kore (; \"the maiden\") or Cora, is the daughter of Zeus and the harvest goddess Demeter and is the queen of the underworld.", "Persephone __knowledge__ Homer describes her as the formidable, venerable majestic princess of the underworld, who carries into effect the curses of men upon the souls of the dead.", "Persephone __knowledge__ Persephone was married to Hades, the god of the underworld.", "Persephone __knowledge__ The myth of her abduction represents her function as the personification of vegetation, which shoots forth in spring and withdraws into the earth after harvest; hence, she is also associated with spring as well as the fertility of vegetation.", "Eleusinian Mysteries __knowledge__ The Eleusinian Mysteries () were initiations held every year for the cult of Demeter and Persephone based at Eleusis in ancient Greece.", "Eleusinian Mysteries __knowledge__ They are the “most famous of the secret religious rites of ancient Greece.” Their basis was an old agrarian cult, and there is some evidence that they were derived from the religious practices of the Mycenean period.", "Eleusinian Mysteries __knowledge__ The mysteries represented the myth of the abduction of Persephone from her mother Demeter by the king of the underworld Hades, in a cycle with three phases; the \"descent\" (loss), the \"search\", and the \"ascent\", with the main theme being the \"ascent\" ( άνοδος) of Persephone and the reunion with her mother.", "Ignaz Anton Demeter __knowledge__ Ignaz Anton Demeter (1 August 1773 – 21 March 1842) was a Roman Catholic priest, talented as a teacher and church musician, who served as the Archbishop of Freiburg im Breisgau from 1836 till his death five years later.", "Ignaz Anton Demeter __knowledge__ Ignaz Anton Demeter was born at Augsburg in the summer of 1773.", "Ignaz Anton Demeter __knowledge__ His parents, Johann Nepomuk Demeter and his wife Eleonore were master-bakers.", "Ignaz Anton Demeter __knowledge__ Ignaz Anton was the eldest of approximately twelve children, although five of his siblings died before reaching their first birthdays.", "Ignaz Anton Demeter __knowledge__ His father, Johann Nepomuk Demeter was originally from Höchstädt an der Donau, across the river and then in the Duchy of Palatinate-Neuburg.", "Peter Demeter __knowledge__ Peter Demeter (born 19 April 1933) is a Hungarian-born Canadian former real estate developer convicted in 1974 of arranging the murder of his wife.", "Peter Demeter __knowledge__ It was the longest trial in Canadian history and revealed that both husband and wife may have been plotting to murder the other to collect a $1 million insurance policy.", "Peter Demeter __knowledge__ The assailant was never found.", "Peter Demeter __knowledge__ While serving his sentence and living in a convicts' halfway house, in 1983 Demeter was charged on two counts with trying to arrange the kidnapping and murder of the son of his cousin; the latter was managing his financial affairs.", "Peter Demeter __knowledge__ In 1985 Demeter was convicted of the charges and given a second life sentence.", "Andrew Demeter __knowledge__ Andrew Demeter is a young American political activist, amateur filmmaker, and journalist.", "Andrew Demeter __knowledge__ His documentary \"We The People, Genetically Modified?\"", "Andrew Demeter __knowledge__ won first prize in C-SPAN’s 2014 StudentCam competition.", "Andrew Demeter __knowledge__ To collect the award, he visited the United States Capitol in Washington D.C. where he met and questioned former Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, on matters concerning the National Security Agency's metadata collection.", "Andrew Demeter __knowledge__ He recorded the short confrontation with his mobile phone, and the video subsequently went viral online.", "Andrew Demeter __knowledge__ Andrew Demeter was born in Cleveland, Ohio, where he currently lives with his family." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The batting team attempts to score runs by hitting a ball (that is thrown by the opposing team's pitcher) with a bat swung by the batter, and then running counter-clockwise around a series of four bases: first, second, third, and home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A run is scored when a player advances around the bases and touches home plate.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A player on the batting team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates' turns batting, such as on a hit or by other means.", "Baseball __knowledge__ The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs.", "Baseball __knowledge__ One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the visiting team, constitutes an inning.", "Baseball __knowledge__ A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the greater number of runs at the end of the game wins.", "Baseball __knowledge__ If scores are tied at the end of nine innings, extra innings are usually played.", "Baseball __knowledge__ Baseball has no game clock, although most games end in the ninth inning.", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ Larry Kenneth Robert Walker (born December 1, 1966) is a Canadian former professional baseball right fielder in Major League Baseball (MLB).", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ During his 17-year career, he played for the Montreal Expos (1989–1994), Colorado Rockies (1995–2004), and St. Louis Cardinals (2004–2005).", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ Since 2009, he has coached for the Canadian national baseball team.", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ Widely considered a five-tool talent of prodigious athleticism and instincts, Walker hit for both average and power, combined with well above-average speed, defense and throwing strength and accuracy.", "Larry Walker __knowledge__ During his playing career, he stood tall and weighed , threw right-handed and batted left-handed.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The 2017 Washington Nationals season was the Nationals' 13th season as the baseball franchise of Major League Baseball in the District of Columbia, the 10th season at Nationals Park, and the 49th since the original team was started in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ They won the National League East division title for the fourth time in six years but were defeated by the Chicago Cubs in the Division Series.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The Washington Nationals announced in October 2016 that their entire coaching staff would return for the 2017 season, led by manager Dusty Baker.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The team lost several players to free agency after the 2016 season, including right-handed relief pitcher Matt Belisle, left-handed reliever Sean Burnett, infielder Stephen Drew, outfielder Chris Heisey, right-handed pitcher Mat Latos, closer Mark Melancon, catcher Wilson Ramos, and left-handed reliever Marc Rzepczynski.", "Rickey Henderson __knowledge__ Rickey Nelson Henley Henderson (born December 25, 1958) is an American retired professional baseball left fielder who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for nine teams from 1979 to 2003, including four stints with his original team, the Oakland Athletics.", "Rickey Henderson __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Man of Steal\", he is widely regarded as baseball's greatest leadoff hitter and baserunner.", "Rickey Henderson __knowledge__ He holds the major league records for career stolen bases, runs, unintentional walks and leadoff home runs.", "Rickey Henderson __knowledge__ At the time of his last major league game in 2003, the ten-time American League (AL) All-Star ranked among the sport's top 100 all-time home run hitters and was its all-time leader in base on balls.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Defence-in-depth (Roman military) __knowledge__ Defence-in-depth is the term used by American political analyst Edward Luttwak (born 1942) to describe his theory of the defensive strategy employed by the Late Roman army in the third and fourth centuries AD.", "Defence-in-depth (Roman military) __knowledge__ Luttwak's \"Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire\" (1976) launched the thesis that in the third and early fourth centuries, the Imperial Roman army's defence strategy mutated from \"forward defence\" (or \"preclusive defence\") during the Principate era (30 BC-AD 284) to \"defence-in-depth\" in the fourth century.", "Defence-in-depth (Roman military) __knowledge__ \"Forward-\" or \"preclusive\" defence aimed to neutralise external threats before they breached the Roman borders: the barbarian regions neighbouring the borders were envisaged as the theatres of operations.", "2009 Florida Gators softball team __knowledge__ The 2009 Florida Gators softball team represented the University of Florida softball program for the 2009 NCAA softball season.", "2009 Florida Gators softball team __knowledge__ The Gators compiled an overall record of 63-5 and completed its SEC regular season with a record of 26-1.", "2009 Florida Gators softball team __knowledge__ They finished second in the nation after losing to the Washington Huskies in the WCWS Championship Series.", "2009 Florida Gators softball team __knowledge__ The 2009 team broke the SEC single-season home runs record (86) and several school records including grand slams in a season (12), total shutouts (39), and consecutive shutouts (11).", "2009 Florida Gators softball team __knowledge__ Aja Paculba set the single season stolen base record (27), Francesca Enea broke the career home run record (41), and the Florida pitching staff threw three no-hitters in the regular season (Stephanie Brombacher vs. Coastal Carolina and Stacey Nelson vs. Ole Miss and Arkansas).", "82nd Field Artillery Regiment __knowledge__ 82nd Field Artillery Regiment is a field artillery regiment of the United States Army.", "82nd Field Artillery Regiment __knowledge__ The regiment has been involved with American conflicts dating back to then US involvement in the Mexican Civil War and more recently with the War on Terrorism.", "82nd Field Artillery Regiment __knowledge__ Currently, there are two active and three inactivate battalions in the regiment.", "82nd Field Artillery Regiment __knowledge__ Traditionally, the regiment has been aligned with the 1st Cavalry Division at Fort Hood, Texas and Fort Bliss, Texas.", "82nd Field Artillery Regiment __knowledge__ The 82nd Field Artillery traces its earliest history to that of the \"First Dragoons\", a type of fighting force that was skilled both as horse-mounted and dismounted troops.", "Softball __knowledge__ Softball is a variant of baseball played with a larger ball on a smaller field.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was invented in 1887 in Chicago, Illinois, United States as an indoor game.", "Softball __knowledge__ It was at various times called indoor baseball, mush ball, playground, softball, kitten ball, and because it was also played by women, ladies' baseball.", "Softball __knowledge__ The name \"softball\" was given to the game in 1926, because the ball used to be soft.", "Softball __knowledge__ A tournament held in 1933 at the Chicago World's Fair spurred interest in the game.", "Softball __knowledge__ The Amateur Softball Association (ASA) of America (founded 1933) governs the game in the United States and sponsors annual sectional and World Series championships.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Baseball and cricket are the best-known members of a family of related bat-and-ball games.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Despite their similarities, the two sports also have many differences in play and in strategy.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ A comparison between baseball and cricket can be instructive to followers of either sport, since the similarities help to highlight nuances particular to each game.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ Bat-and-ball games, in general, are sports in which one team (the fielding team) has possession of the ball and delivers it to a member of the other team (the batting team), who tries to hit it.", "Comparison of baseball and cricket __knowledge__ The two opposing teams take turns playing these two distinct roles, which are continuous during a specified interval.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The rules of baseball differ slightly from league to league, but in general share the same basic game play.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ There are several major rules, which differ only slightly.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The \"Official Baseball Rules\" govern all professional play in the United States and Canada, including the World Baseball Classic.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The complete rules are published as the Official Baseball Rules at MLB.com, the official web site of Major League Baseball in the United States and Canada.", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ The rules are also published in book form in North America by the \"Sporting News\".", "Baseball rules __knowledge__ Many amateur and youth leagues use the \"OBR\" with only a few modifications for safety.", "Origins of baseball __knowledge__ The question of the origins of baseball has been the subject of debate and controversy for more than a century.", "Origins of baseball __knowledge__ Baseball and the other modern bat, ball and running games, cricket and rounders, were developed from folk games in early Britain and Continental Europe (such as France and Germany).", "Origins of baseball __knowledge__ Early forms of baseball had a number of names, including \"base ball\", \"goal ball\", \"round ball\", \"fetch-catch\", \"stool ball\", and, simply, \"base\".", "Origins of baseball __knowledge__ In at least one version of the game, teams pitched to themselves, runners went around the bases in the opposite direction of today's game, and players could be put out by being hit with the ball.", "Australian cricket team in England in 2005 __knowledge__ The Australia national cricket team landed in England on 6 June 2005.", "Australian cricket team in England in 2005 __knowledge__ Over the course of the summer, they played one Twenty20 International, a triangular ODI tournament with both Bangladesh and England, a one-day tournament with England, and five Test matches, the outcome of which would decide The Ashes.", "Australian cricket team in England in 2005 __knowledge__ With Australia the top-ranked team in the World Test table, and England the second-ranked, this was the most eagerly anticipated Ashes series since the 1980s.", "Australian cricket team in England in 2005 __knowledge__ Australia won their first two warm-up games, a Twenty20 game against the PCA Masters XI at Arundel and a 50-over game against Leicestershire emphatically.", "1974–75 Ashes series __knowledge__ The 1974–75 Ashes series consisted of six cricket Test matches, each match lasted five days with six hours of play each day and eight ball overs.", "1974–75 Ashes series __knowledge__ It formed part of the MCC tour of Australia in 1974–75 and the matches outside the Tests were played in the name of the Marylebone Cricket Club.", "1974–75 Ashes series __knowledge__ Ian Chappell's Australians won the series 4–1 and \"brutally and unceremoniously wrenched the Ashes\" from Mike Denness's England team.", "1974–75 Ashes series __knowledge__ It was Australia's first series victory over England for ten years and the experience proved popular as 777,563 spectators came through the gates and paid nearly a million Australian dollars for the privilege.", "Cricket __knowledge__ Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players each on a cricket field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard-long (20 metres) pitch with a target at each end called the wicket (a set of three wooden stumps upon which two bails sit).", "Cricket __knowledge__ Each phase of play is called an innings, during which one team bats, attempting to score as many runs as possible, whilst their opponents bowl and field, attempting to minimise the number of runs scored.", "Cricket __knowledge__ When each innings ends, the teams usually swap roles for the next innings (i.e.", "Cricket __knowledge__ the team that previously batted will bowl/field, and vice versa)." ] ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 2 ]

[ "I really enjoy baseball, how about you?", "Have you heard of Don Demeter?", "Yes. Do you know how the game is played? It is a game where you hit a ball with a bat!", "Yeah. The batter hits the ball and runs to each base. Do you know how they score?" ]

[ "Baseball", "Baseball", "Baseball", "Baseball" ]

[ "Back pain\nI have chronic back pain and it is very debilitating. Can you inform me about back pain?", "It is like pins and needles and radiates down my left arm all the way to my hand.", "It is definitely neck pain originating in the spine. It hurts full strength for 3 to 6 months and then it goes completely away. Then a few months later it comes back.", "I haven't tried acupuncture. For relief, i use acetominophen and press the disc or whatever it is back into place and use an ice bag to reduce swelling.", "The doctor i saw called it chronic spinal degeneration, gave me some pain pills, and told me not to come back for more. So I am really on my own with this pain. Thanks for your understanding and trying to help." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is pain in any region of the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The lumbar area is the most common area for pain, as it supports most of the weight in the upper body.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Episodes of back pain may be acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on the duration.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting or piercing pain, or a burning sensation.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Discomfort can radiate into the arms and hands as well as the legs or feet, and may include numbness, or weakness in the legs and arms.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain can originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Internal structures such as the gallbladder, pancreas, aorta, and kidneys may also cause referred pain in the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is common, with about nine out of ten adults experiencing it at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults having it every year.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Some estimate up to 95% of Americans will experience back pain at some point in their lifetime.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is the most common cause of chronic pain, and is a major contributor of missed work and disability.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Pain can vary from a dull constant ache to a sudden sharp feeling.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain may be classified by duration as acute (pain lasting less than 6 weeks), sub-chronic (6 to 12 weeks), or chronic (more than 12 weeks).", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The condition may be further classified by the underlying cause as either mechanical, non-mechanical, or referred pain.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The symptoms of low back pain usually improve within a few weeks from the time they start, with 40-90% of people completely better by six weeks.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ In most episodes of low back pain, a specific underlying cause is not identified or even looked for, with the pain believed to be due to mechanical problems such as muscle or joint strain.", "Tension myositis syndrome __knowledge__ Tension myositis syndrome (TMS), also known as tension myoneural syndrome or mindbody syndrome is a name given by John E. Sarno to a condition he describes as characterized by psychogenic musculoskeletal and nerve symptoms, most notably back pain.", "Tension myositis syndrome __knowledge__ Sarno, a Professor of Clinical Rehabilitation Medicine at New York University School of Medicine and Attending Physician at The Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine at New York University Medical Center, has described TMS in four books, and has stated that the condition may be involved in other pain disorders as well.", "Tension myositis syndrome __knowledge__ The treatment protocol for TMS includes education, writing about emotional issues, resumption of a normal lifestyle and, for some patients, support meetings and/or psychotherapy.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Mesoblast Limited is an Australian-based regenerative medicine company.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ It seeks to provide treatments for inflammatory ailments, cardiovascular disease and back pain.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ The company is led by Silviu Itescu, who founded the company in 2004.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ The company is developing a range of regenerative products derived from its proprietary mesenchymal lineage cells.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ This includes Mesenchymal Precursor Cells (MPCs) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs).", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Highly purified and immunoselected MPCs and the culture expanded MSCs give rise to secrete trophic factors that then exert multiple mechanisms of action.", "Mesoblast __knowledge__ Mesenchymal lineage precursors have the ability to detect injury and inflammation and respond to local stimuli and signals from the injured tissue by releasing a wide range of biomolecules (growth factors, chemokines, enzymes etc.)", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ Failed back syndrome or post-laminectomy syndrome is a condition characterized by chronic pain following back surgeries.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ Many factors can contribute to the onset or development of FBS, including residual or recurrent spinal disc herniation, persistent post-operative pressure on a spinal nerve, altered joint mobility, joint hypermobility with instability, scar tissue (fibrosis), depression, anxiety, sleeplessness, spinal muscular deconditioning and even \"Propionibacterium acnes\" infection.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ An individual may be predisposed to the development of FBS due to systemic disorders such as diabetes, autoimmune disease and peripheral blood vessels (vascular) disease.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine in which thin needles are inserted into the body.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is a key component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ TCM theory and practice are not based upon scientific knowledge, and acupuncture is a pseudoscience.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ There is a diverse range of acupuncture theories based on different philosophies, and techniques vary depending on the country.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ The method used in TCM is likely the most widespread in the United States.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is most often used for pain relief, though it is also used for a wide range of other conditions.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is generally used only in combination with other forms of treatment.", "Pain management __knowledge__ Pain management, pain medicine, pain control or algiatry, is a branch of medicine employing an interdisciplinary approach for easing the suffering and improving the quality of life of those living with chronic pain The typical pain management team includes medical practitioners, pharmacists, clinical psychologists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, physician assistants, nurses.", "Pain management __knowledge__ The team may also include other mental health specialists and massage therapists.", "Pain management __knowledge__ Pain sometimes resolves promptly once the underlying trauma or pathology has healed, and is treated by one practitioner, with drugs such as analgesics and (occasionally) anxiolytics." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is pain in any region of the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The lumbar area is the most common area for pain, as it supports most of the weight in the upper body.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Episodes of back pain may be acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on the duration.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting or piercing pain, or a burning sensation.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Discomfort can radiate into the arms and hands as well as the legs or feet, and may include numbness, or weakness in the legs and arms.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain can originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Internal structures such as the gallbladder, pancreas, aorta, and kidneys may also cause referred pain in the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is common, with about nine out of ten adults experiencing it at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults having it every year.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Some estimate up to 95% of Americans will experience back pain at some point in their lifetime.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is the most common cause of chronic pain, and is a major contributor of missed work and disability.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ Ten-pin bowling is a sport in which a player (called a \"bowler\") rolls a bowling ball down a wood-structure or synthetic (polyurethane) lane and towards ten pins positioned at the end of the lane.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ The objective is to score the highest pinfall by knocking down as many pins as possible.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ Three finger holes are drilled into a traditional bowling ball, and weights vary considerably to make the sport playable for all ages.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ Generally, the heavier the ball, the more pins that will topple on two equivalent shots.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ The pins are arranged in a triangular position by an automated machine.", "Ten-pin bowling __knowledge__ While professional ten-pin bowling tournaments are held in numerous countries, the sport is commonly played as a hobby by millions of people around the world.", "Professional wrestling holds __knowledge__ Professional wrestling holds include a number of set moves and pins used by performers to immobilize their opponents or lead to a submission.", "Professional wrestling holds __knowledge__ This article covers the various pins, stretches and transition holds used in the ring.", "Professional wrestling holds __knowledge__ Some wrestlers use these holds as their finishing maneuvers, often nicknaming them to reflect their character or persona.", "Professional wrestling holds __knowledge__ Moves are listed under general categories whenever possible.", "Professional wrestling holds __knowledge__ An element borrowed from professional wrestling's catch wrestling origins, stretches (or submission holds) are techniques in which a wrestler holds another in a position that puts stress on the opponent's body.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ This is an index of characters and mecha in the anime and manga \"The King of Braves GaoGaiGar\" and \"The King of Braves GaoGaiGar FINAL\".", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ A brave man with tremendous courage and enthusiasm, and the strength to never give up for the sake of life—even at the possible cost of his own.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ Former astronaut and test pilot for the Space Development Corporation.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ In 2003, he had been in orbit testing an experimental space shuttle when an extraterrestrial object (later classified as EI-01) suddenly appeared in his flight path, smashing his shuttle out of the way.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ This left the shuttle disabled and Guy himself in a near-death state.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Hand knitting is a form of knitting, in which the knitted fabric is produced by hand using needles.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Flat knitting uses two straight needles to make generally two-dimensional (flat) pieces.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Flat knitting is usually used to knit flat pieces like scarves, blankets, afghans, and the backs, fronts and arms of sweaters (pullovers).", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ In flat knitting, generally stockinette stitch, the hand-knitter knits from right-to-left on one side of the fabric, turns the work (over), and then purls right-to-left back to the starting position.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Usually the smooth side of the fabric is considered the \"right side\", the one facing outwards for viewing; and the side that faces inwards, towards the body, the ridged side, is known as the \"wrong side\".", "Ambidexterity __knowledge__ Ambidexterity is the state of being equally adapted in the use of both the left and the right hand.", "Ambidexterity __knowledge__ When referring to objects, the concept indicates that the object is equally suitable for right- and left-handed people.", "Ambidexterity __knowledge__ When referring to humans, it indicates that a person has no marked preference for the use of the right or left hand.", "Ambidexterity __knowledge__ Only about one percent of people are naturally ambidextrous.", "Ambidexterity __knowledge__ In more modern times, it is common to find some people considered ambidextrous who were originally left-handed and who learned to be ambidextrous, either deliberately or as a result of training in schools or in jobs where right-handed habits are often emphasized or required.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine in which thin needles are inserted into the body.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is a key component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ TCM theory and practice are not based upon scientific knowledge, and acupuncture is a pseudoscience.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ There is a diverse range of acupuncture theories based on different philosophies, and techniques vary depending on the country.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ The method used in TCM is likely the most widespread in the United States.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is most often used for pain relief, though it is also used for a wide range of other conditions.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is generally used only in combination with other forms of treatment.", "Burning mouth syndrome __knowledge__ Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a burning sensation in the mouth with no underlying dental or medical cause.", "Burning mouth syndrome __knowledge__ No related signs of disease are found in the mouth.", "Burning mouth syndrome __knowledge__ People with burning mouth syndrome may also have a dry mouth sensation where no cause can be found such as reduced salivary flow, tingling in the mouth, or an altered taste or smell.", "Burning mouth syndrome __knowledge__ A burning sensation in the mouth can be a symptom of another disease when local or systemic factors are found to be implicated, and this is not considered to be burning mouth syndrome, which is a syndrome of medically unexplained symptoms.", "Burning mouth syndrome __knowledge__ The International Association for the Study of Pain defines burning mouth syndrome as \"a distinctive nosological entity characterized by unremitting oral burning or similar pain in the absence of detectable mucosal changes\", and \"burning pain in the tongue or other oral mucous membranes\", and the International Headache Society defines it as \"an intra-oral burning sensation for which no medical or dental cause can be found\".", "Cassey Ho __knowledge__ Cassey Ho (born January 16, 1987) is an American social media fitness entrepreneur with a YouTube channel and a website that sells fitness apparel.", "Cassey Ho __knowledge__ She is considered an Internet personality and a rising YouTube star nationally and internationally.", "Cassey Ho __knowledge__ In 2013, she received a Shorty Award in the category of social fitness.", "Cassey Ho __knowledge__ She believes that her role on the Internet is more than a Pilates instructor; she believes that she should promote an overall healthy lifestyle and body image.", "Cassey Ho __knowledge__ It was in this context, in 2014, that she discovered a photo of a model on Target Corporation's website with a photoshopped thigh gap and wrote critically about its health implications on her blog.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ Vihangam Yoga is an ancient meditation technique practiced by Indian seers and sages.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ In the current time, it is established by Sadguru Sadafaldeo Ji Maharaj.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ Vihangam Yoga is also known as \"Brahmavidya\", \"Madhu-vidya\", \"Para Vidhya\" in the Indian ancient most scriptures and Vedas.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ \"\"Vihangam\"\" literally means \"bird\".", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ Just as a bird leaves its base on the earth to fly high in the sky, so does \"Vihangam Yoga\" enable the human Soul (Atma) to cut off its moorings in the Prakriti (phenomenal world) and realize its true and free nature.", "Vihangamyoga __knowledge__ This knowledge is emerged from Brahma so it is also named as Brahma Vidya and who ever has gained this knowledge by practising it called Brahma Rishi.", "Romana Kryzanowska __knowledge__ Romana Kryzanowska (June 30, 1923 – August 30, 2013) was an American Pilates instructor who started as a student of Joseph Pilates and his wife Clara at their studio on Eighth Avenue in New York.", "Romana Kryzanowska __knowledge__ After the death of Joseph Pilates in 1968, Clara Pilates continued the studio for a few more years, and in 1970 Romana Kryzanowska became the director of what was by that time called \"The Pilates Studio.\"", "Romana Kryzanowska __knowledge__ Romana Kryzanowska was born in Farmington, Michigan on June 30, 1923.", "Romana Kryzanowska __knowledge__ She was the only child of Roman Kryzanowsky and Sari Pickett Kryzanowsky.", "Romana Kryzanowska __knowledge__ Her father, Roman was an accomplished artist in Detroit, in the 1920s.", "Namrata Purohit __knowledge__ Namrata Purohit (born 24 August 1993) is an Indian Pilates instructor who co-founded The Pilates Studio with her father Samir Purohit.", "Namrata Purohit __knowledge__ She was the youngest trained Stott Pilates instructor in the world at the age of 16, and by the age of 19 she had completed all the courses on Stott Pilates.", "Namrata Purohit __knowledge__ Her clients include Bollywood celebrities, sportspersons and other notable personalities.", "Namrata Purohit __knowledge__ She also authored a book \"The Lazy Girl’s Guide to Being Fit\" at the age of 21.", "Namrata Purohit __knowledge__ Namrata’s father Samir Purohit is a celebrity fitness expert and co-founder of The Pilates Studio.", "Namrata Purohit __knowledge__ Born in Mumbai, Namrata did her Major in economics from Jai Hind College and did her Master’s of Science in Sports Management from Loughborough University.", "Pilates __knowledge__ Pilates (; ) is a physical fitness system developed in the early 20th century by Joseph Pilates, after whom it was named.", "Pilates __knowledge__ Pilates called his method \"Contrology\".", "Pilates __knowledge__ It is practiced worldwide, and especially in western countries such as Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom.", "Pilates __knowledge__ As of 2005, there were 11 million people practicing the discipline regularly and 14,000 instructors in the United States.", "Pilates __knowledge__ There is only limited evidence to support the use of Pilates to alleviate low back pain, or improve balance in elderly people.", "Pilates __knowledge__ Evidence from studies show that while Pilates improves balance, limited data exists on whether this impacts on falls by the elderly." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is pain in any region of the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The lumbar area is the most common area for pain, as it supports most of the weight in the upper body.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Episodes of back pain may be acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on the duration.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting or piercing pain, or a burning sensation.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Discomfort can radiate into the arms and hands as well as the legs or feet, and may include numbness, or weakness in the legs and arms.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain can originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Internal structures such as the gallbladder, pancreas, aorta, and kidneys may also cause referred pain in the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is common, with about nine out of ten adults experiencing it at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults having it every year.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Some estimate up to 95% of Americans will experience back pain at some point in their lifetime.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is the most common cause of chronic pain, and is a major contributor of missed work and disability.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Chiropractic is a form of alternative medicine mostly concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system, especially the spine.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Proponents claim that such disorders affect general health via the nervous system.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ These claims are not backed by any evidence.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ The main chiropractic treatment technique involves manual therapy, especially spinal manipulation therapy (SMT), manipulations of other joints and soft tissues.", "Chiropractic __knowledge__ Its foundation is at odds with mainstream medicine, and chiropractic is sustained by pseudoscientific ideas such as subluxation and \"innate intelligence\" that are not based on sound science.", "Neck pain __knowledge__ Neck pain (or cervicalgia) is a common problem, with two-thirds of the population having neck pain at some point in their lives.", "Neck pain __knowledge__ Neck pain, although felt in the neck, can be caused by numerous other spinal problems.", "Neck pain __knowledge__ Neck pain may arise due to muscular tightness in both the neck and upper back, or pinching of the nerves emanating from the cervical vertebrae.", "Neck pain __knowledge__ Joint disruption in the neck creates pain, as does joint disruption in the upper back.", "Neck pain __knowledge__ The head is supported by the lower neck and upper back, and it is these areas that commonly cause neck pain.", "Neck pain __knowledge__ The top three joints in the neck allow for most movement of the neck and head.", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD, TMJD) is an umbrella term covering pain and dysfunction of the muscles of mastication (the muscles that move the jaw) and the temporomandibular joints (the joints which connect the mandible to the skull).", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ The most important feature is pain, followed by restricted mandibular movement, and noises from the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) during jaw movement.", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ Although TMD is not life-threatening, it can be detrimental to quality of life, because the symptoms can become chronic and difficult to manage.", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ TMD is a symptom complex rather than a single condition, and it is thought to be caused by multiple factors.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "IHunch __knowledge__ iHunch is a term used to describe the common spinal problem of an excessively kyphotic (hunched) thoracic spine driving neck pain and cervicogenic headache.", "IHunch __knowledge__ Other terms include iPosture, forward head posture, poking chin posture, computer neck, and dowager’s hump.", "IHunch __knowledge__ Indications are that the prevalence of upper back and neck pain has increased dramatically in the decade leading up to 2016.", "IHunch __knowledge__ This increase has been attributed to the corresponding widespread adoption of laptop computers, tablets, smartphones and other small portable digital devices.", "IHunch __knowledge__ Because their screens do not separate from their keyboards these small devices cannot be set up ergonomically correctly (unless an extra screen or extra keyboard is added).", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is an American fantasy-drama television series picked up by The CW for their fall 2013 schedule, after a backdoor pilot for the series aired as an episode of The CW television series \"The Vampire Diaries\" in April 2013.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It is a spin-off of \"The Vampire Diaries\", sharing a universe with its predecessor.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It centers on three Mikaelson siblings, Klaus (Joseph Morgan), Elijah (Daniel Gillies), and Rebekah (Claire Holt), collectively known as \"original vampires\", or simply the \"originals\".", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ \"The Originals\" is set in the city of New Orleans.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ It was created by Julie Plec.", "List of The Originals characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of series regulars who have appeared in one or more of the series' four seasons.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Pain can vary from a dull constant ache to a sudden sharp feeling.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain may be classified by duration as acute (pain lasting less than 6 weeks), sub-chronic (6 to 12 weeks), or chronic (more than 12 weeks).", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The condition may be further classified by the underlying cause as either mechanical, non-mechanical, or referred pain.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The symptoms of low back pain usually improve within a few weeks from the time they start, with 40-90% of people completely better by six weeks.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ In most episodes of low back pain, a specific underlying cause is not identified or even looked for, with the pain believed to be due to mechanical problems such as muscle or joint strain.", "Referred pain __knowledge__ Referred pain, also called reflective pain, is pain perceived at a location other than the site of the painful stimulus.", "Referred pain __knowledge__ An example is the case of angina pectoris brought on by a myocardial infarction (heart attack), where pain is often felt in the neck, shoulders, and back rather than in the thorax (chest), the site of the injury.", "Referred pain __knowledge__ The International Association for the Study of Pain has not officially defined the term; hence several authors have defined the term differently.", "Referred pain __knowledge__ Radiating pain is slightly different from referred pain; for example, the pain related to a myocardial infarction could either be referred or radiating pain from the chest.", "Coccydynia __knowledge__ Coccydynia is a medical term meaning pain in the coccyx or tailbone area, usually brought on by sitting too abruptly.", "Coccydynia __knowledge__ Coccydynia is also known as coccygodynia, coccygeal pain, coccyx pain, or coccalgia.", "Coccydynia __knowledge__ Coccydynia occurs in the lowest part of the spine, the coccyx, which is believed to be a vestigial tail, or in other words the “tail bone”.", "Coccydynia __knowledge__ The name coccyx is derived from the Greek word for cuckoo due to its beak like appearance.", "Coccydynia __knowledge__ The coccyx itself is made up of 3 to 5 vertebrae, some of which may be fused together.", "Coccydynia __knowledge__ The ventral side of the coccyx is slightly concave whereas the dorsal aspect is slightly convex.", "Middle back pain __knowledge__ Upper back pain, also called middle back pain or thoracic back pain, is back pain that is felt in the region of the thoracic vertebrae, which are between the bottom of the neck and top of the lumbar spine.", "Middle back pain __knowledge__ It has a number of potential causes, ranging from muscle strain to collapse of a vertebra or rare serious diseases.", "Middle back pain __knowledge__ The upper spine is very strong and stable to support the weight of the upper body, as well as to anchor the rib cage which provides a cavity to allow the heart and lungs to function and protect them.", "Middle back pain __knowledge__ In most cases, the pain is likely to be self-limiting; in that case no diagnostic tests are required, and simple pain relief is sufficient.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine in which thin needles are inserted into the body.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is a key component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ TCM theory and practice are not based upon scientific knowledge, and acupuncture is a pseudoscience.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ There is a diverse range of acupuncture theories based on different philosophies, and techniques vary depending on the country.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ The method used in TCM is likely the most widespread in the United States.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is most often used for pain relief, though it is also used for a wide range of other conditions.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is generally used only in combination with other forms of treatment." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is pain in any region of the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The lumbar area is the most common area for pain, as it supports most of the weight in the upper body.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Episodes of back pain may be acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on the duration.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting or piercing pain, or a burning sensation.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Discomfort can radiate into the arms and hands as well as the legs or feet, and may include numbness, or weakness in the legs and arms.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain can originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Internal structures such as the gallbladder, pancreas, aorta, and kidneys may also cause referred pain in the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is common, with about nine out of ten adults experiencing it at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults having it every year.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Some estimate up to 95% of Americans will experience back pain at some point in their lifetime.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is the most common cause of chronic pain, and is a major contributor of missed work and disability.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine in which thin needles are inserted into the body.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is a key component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ TCM theory and practice are not based upon scientific knowledge, and acupuncture is a pseudoscience.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ There is a diverse range of acupuncture theories based on different philosophies, and techniques vary depending on the country.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ The method used in TCM is likely the most widespread in the United States.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is most often used for pain relief, though it is also used for a wide range of other conditions.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is generally used only in combination with other forms of treatment.", "Dry needling __knowledge__ Dry needling, also known as myofascial trigger point dry needling, is the use of either solid filiform needles or hollow-core hypodermic needles for therapy of muscle pain, including pain related to myofascial pain syndrome.", "Dry needling __knowledge__ Dry needling is sometimes also known as intramuscular stimulation (IMS).", "Dry needling __knowledge__ Chinese style tendinomuscular acupuncture relies on careful palpation of what are called \"Ah Shi\" points, which often correspond to both trigger points and/or motor points in the myofascial tissue.", "Dry needling __knowledge__ Chinese style tendinomuscular acupuncture tends to use lower gauge (thicker) needles necessary for puncturing contraction knots with a high degree of precision.", "Cutman __knowledge__ A cutman is a person responsible for preventing and treating physical damage to a fighter during the breaks between rounds of a full contact match such as a boxing, kickboxing or a mixed martial arts bout.", "Cutman __knowledge__ Cutmen typically handle swelling, nosebleeds and lacerations.", "Cutman __knowledge__ The rules of combat sports stipulate that these injuries can be a cause for premature match stoppage, counting as a loss to the injured fighter.", "Cutman __knowledge__ The cutman is therefore essential to the fighter, and can be a decisive factor in the outcome of the match.", "Cutman __knowledge__ The compensation for cutmen varies, generally staying within 10–15% of fighter's prize money.", "Traditional Chinese medicine __knowledge__ Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM; ) is a style of traditional medicine built on a foundation of more than 2,500 years of Chinese medical practice that includes various forms of herbal medicine, acupuncture, massage (tui na), exercise (qigong), and dietary therapy, but recently also influenced by modern Western medicine.", "Traditional Chinese medicine __knowledge__ TCM is widely used in Greater China (where it has long been the standard system of medicine), and is becoming increasingly popular and recognized worldwide (where it is primarily used as complementary alternative medicine approach).", "Traditional Chinese medicine __knowledge__ One of the basic tenets of TCM is that \"the body's vital energy (\"chi\" or \"qi\") circulates through channels, called \"meridians,\" that have branches connected to bodily organs and functions.\"", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD, TMJD) is an umbrella term covering pain and dysfunction of the muscles of mastication (the muscles that move the jaw) and the temporomandibular joints (the joints which connect the mandible to the skull).", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ The most important feature is pain, followed by restricted mandibular movement, and noises from the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) during jaw movement.", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ Although TMD is not life-threatening, it can be detrimental to quality of life, because the symptoms can become chronic and difficult to manage.", "Temporomandibular joint dysfunction __knowledge__ TMD is a symptom complex rather than a single condition, and it is thought to be caused by multiple factors.", "Breastfeeding difficulties __knowledge__ Breastfeeding difficulties refers to problems that arise from breastfeeding, the feeding of an infant or young child with milk from a woman's breasts.", "Breastfeeding difficulties __knowledge__ Although babies have a sucking reflex that enables them to suck and swallow milk, and although human breast milk is usually the best source of nourishment for human infants, there are circumstances under which breastfeeding can be problematic, or even, in rare instances, contraindicated.", "Breastfeeding difficulties __knowledge__ Difficulties can arise both in connection with the act of breastfeeding and with the health of the nursing infant.", "Breastfeeding difficulties __knowledge__ While breastfeeding difficulties are not uncommon, putting the baby to the breast as soon as possible after birth helps to avoid many problems.", "Shoulder problem __knowledge__ Shoulder problems including pain, are one of the more common reasons for physician visits for musculoskeletal symptoms.", "Shoulder problem __knowledge__ The shoulder is the most movable joint in the body.", "Shoulder problem __knowledge__ However, it is an unstable joint because of the range of motion allowed.", "Shoulder problem __knowledge__ This instability increases the likelihood of joint injury, often leading to a degenerative process in which tissues break down and no longer function well.", "Shoulder problem __knowledge__ Shoulder pain may be localized or may be referred to areas around the shoulder or down the arm.", "Shoulder problem __knowledge__ Other regions within the body (such as gallbladder, liver, or heart disease, or disease of the cervical spine of the neck) also may generate pain that the brain may interpret as arising from the shoulder.", "Cancer pain __knowledge__ Pain in cancer may arise from a tumor compressing or infiltrating nearby body parts; from treatments and diagnostic procedures; or from skin, nerve and other changes caused by a hormone imbalance or immune response.", "Cancer pain __knowledge__ Most chronic (long-lasting) pain is caused by the illness and most acute (short-term) pain is caused by treatment or diagnostic procedures.", "Cancer pain __knowledge__ However, radiotherapy, surgery and chemotherapy may produce painful conditions that persist long after treatment has ended.", "Cancer pain __knowledge__ The presence of pain depends mainly on the location of the cancer and the stage of the disease.", "Cancer pain __knowledge__ At any given time, about half of all people diagnosed with malignant cancer are experiencing pain, and two thirds of those with advanced cancer experience pain of such intensity that it adversely affects their sleep, mood, social relations and activities of daily living.", "Osteoarthritis __knowledge__ Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of joint disease that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone.", "Osteoarthritis __knowledge__ The most common symptoms are joint pain and stiffness.", "Osteoarthritis __knowledge__ Initially, symptoms may occur only following exercise, but over time may become constant.", "Osteoarthritis __knowledge__ Other symptoms may include joint swelling, decreased range of motion, and when the back is affected weakness or numbness of the arms and legs.", "Osteoarthritis __knowledge__ The most commonly involved joints are those near the ends of the fingers, at the base of the thumb, neck, lower back, knee, and hips.", "Osteoarthritis __knowledge__ Joints on one side of the body are often more affected than those on the other.", "Opioid __knowledge__ Opioids are substances that act on opioid receptors to produce morphine-like effects.", "Opioid __knowledge__ Medically they are primarily used for pain relief, including anesthesia.", "Opioid __knowledge__ Other medical uses include suppression of diarrhea, treating opioid use disorder, reversing opioid overdose, suppressing cough, and suppressing opioid induced constipation.", "Opioid __knowledge__ Extremely potent opioids such as carfentanil are only approved for veterinary use.", "Opioid __knowledge__ Opioids are also frequently used non-medically for their euphoric effects or to prevent withdrawal.", "Opioid __knowledge__ Side effects of opioids may include itchiness, sedation, nausea, respiratory depression, constipation, and euphoria." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is pain in any region of the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is divided into neck pain (cervical), middle back pain (thoracic), lower back pain (lumbar) or coccydynia (tailbone or sacral pain) based on the segment affected.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The lumbar area is the most common area for pain, as it supports most of the weight in the upper body.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Episodes of back pain may be acute, sub-acute, or chronic depending on the duration.", "Back pain __knowledge__ The pain may be characterized as a dull ache, shooting or piercing pain, or a burning sensation.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Discomfort can radiate into the arms and hands as well as the legs or feet, and may include numbness, or weakness in the legs and arms.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain can originate from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Internal structures such as the gallbladder, pancreas, aorta, and kidneys may also cause referred pain in the back.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Back pain is common, with about nine out of ten adults experiencing it at some point in their life, and five out of ten working adults having it every year.", "Back pain __knowledge__ Some estimate up to 95% of Americans will experience back pain at some point in their lifetime.", "Back pain __knowledge__ It is the most common cause of chronic pain, and is a major contributor of missed work and disability.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Pain can vary from a dull constant ache to a sudden sharp feeling.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ Low back pain may be classified by duration as acute (pain lasting less than 6 weeks), sub-chronic (6 to 12 weeks), or chronic (more than 12 weeks).", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The condition may be further classified by the underlying cause as either mechanical, non-mechanical, or referred pain.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ The symptoms of low back pain usually improve within a few weeks from the time they start, with 40-90% of people completely better by six weeks.", "Low back pain __knowledge__ In most episodes of low back pain, a specific underlying cause is not identified or even looked for, with the pain believed to be due to mechanical problems such as muscle or joint strain.", "Alex Udinov __knowledge__ Alexandra \"Alex\" Udinov is one of the main characters on the television series \"Nikita\", portrayed by Lyndsy Fonseca.", "Alex Udinov __knowledge__ Many fans of \"Team Nikita\" (consisting of Nikita, Michael, Birkhoff, Sean, Ryan, and Owen) consider Alex as the baby of the \"family,\" this is because Alex, being the youngest of the group, when her walls are down, can behave childlike and callow.", "Alex Udinov __knowledge__ Alex is the daughter of the late Russian oligarch Nikolai Udinov and his wife who were murdered by Division, on orders of Sergei Semak, when Alex was a child.", "Alex Udinov __knowledge__ Udinov owned the billion-dollar company Zetrov, of which Alex was the sole heir.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ Failed back syndrome or post-laminectomy syndrome is a condition characterized by chronic pain following back surgeries.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ Many factors can contribute to the onset or development of FBS, including residual or recurrent spinal disc herniation, persistent post-operative pressure on a spinal nerve, altered joint mobility, joint hypermobility with instability, scar tissue (fibrosis), depression, anxiety, sleeplessness, spinal muscular deconditioning and even \"Propionibacterium acnes\" infection.", "Failed back syndrome __knowledge__ An individual may be predisposed to the development of FBS due to systemic disorders such as diabetes, autoimmune disease and peripheral blood vessels (vascular) disease.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Lumbar spinal stenosis __knowledge__ Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a medical condition in which the spinal canal narrows and compresses the nerves at the level of the lumbar vertebrae.", "Lumbar spinal stenosis __knowledge__ This is usually due to the common occurrence of spinal degeneration that occurs with aging.", "Lumbar spinal stenosis __knowledge__ It can also sometimes be caused by spinal disc herniation, osteoporosis, a tumor, or trauma.", "Lumbar spinal stenosis __knowledge__ In the cervical (neck) and lumbar (low back) region it can be a congenital condition to varying degrees.", "Lumbar spinal stenosis __knowledge__ It is also a common symptom for those who suffer from various skeletal dysplasias such as with pseudoachondroplasia and achondroplasia at an early age.", "Lumbar spinal stenosis __knowledge__ Spinal stenosis may affect the cervical or thoracic region in which case it is known as cervical spinal stenosis or thoracic spinal stenosis.", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ Chronic pain is pain that lasts a long time.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ In medicine, the distinction between acute and chronic pain is sometimes determined by an arbitrary interval of time since onset; the two most commonly used markers being 3 months and 6 months since onset, though some theorists and researchers have placed the transition from acute to chronic pain at 12 months.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ Others apply \"acute\" to pain that lasts less than 30 days, \"chronic\" to pain of more than six months duration, and \"subacute\" to pain that lasts from one to six months.", "Chronic pain __knowledge__ A popular alternative definition of \"chronic pain\", involving no arbitrarily fixed duration, is \"pain that extends beyond the expected period of healing\".", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ Childhood chronic pain affects at least 5% of the population under the age of 18, according to conservative epidemiological studies.", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ Rates of paediatric chronic pain have also increased in the past 20 years.", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ While chronic pain conditions vary significantly in severity, they often affect children's mental health, academic performance, and general quality of life.", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ The outcomes of childhood chronic pain are affected by a number of factors, including demographic factors, genetics, and school and family support.", "Childhood chronic pain __knowledge__ Chronic pain is defined as pain that lasts at least 3–6 months and, in the case of injury or surgery, remains present after standard recovery time has elapsed.", "Pain __knowledge__ Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli.", "Pain __knowledge__ The International Association for the Study of Pain's widely used definition defines pain as \"an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage\", however, due to it being a complex, subjective phenomenon, defining pain has been a challenge.", "Pain __knowledge__ In medical diagnosis, pain is regarded as a symptom of an underlying condition.", "Pain __knowledge__ Pain motivates the individual to withdraw from damaging situations, to protect a damaged body part while it heals, and to avoid similar experiences in the future.", "Pain management __knowledge__ Pain management, pain medicine, pain control or algiatry, is a branch of medicine employing an interdisciplinary approach for easing the suffering and improving the quality of life of those living with chronic pain The typical pain management team includes medical practitioners, pharmacists, clinical psychologists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, physician assistants, nurses.", "Pain management __knowledge__ The team may also include other mental health specialists and massage therapists.", "Pain management __knowledge__ Pain sometimes resolves promptly once the underlying trauma or pathology has healed, and is treated by one practitioner, with drugs such as analgesics and (occasionally) anxiolytics.", "Joseph J. Marbach __knowledge__ Dr. Joseph J Marbach DDS (April 4, 1935 – July 22, 2001) was a leader in the field of facial pain.", "Joseph J. Marbach __knowledge__ He was a chaired professor at University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey.", "Joseph J. Marbach __knowledge__ Marbach was born in Paterson, New Jersey to immigrant parents.", "Joseph J. Marbach __knowledge__ He was educated at Drew University, Madison, New Jersey and University of Pennsylvania where he received his degree in dentistry.", "Joseph J. Marbach __knowledge__ From 1960 to 1963, he was a Captain in the US Air Force based in Aviano, Italy.", "Joseph J. Marbach __knowledge__ He returned to NYC in 1963 and joined the practice of Lazlo Schwartz, DDS and began working in the dental clinic at Columbia University.", "Joseph J. Marbach __knowledge__ He assisted Laszlo Schwartz in clinical tasks and research, and as the result of Schwartz's, illness taught the course in TMJ disorders to the third year dental students during the 1964/65 academic year.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine in which thin needles are inserted into the body.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is a key component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ TCM theory and practice are not based upon scientific knowledge, and acupuncture is a pseudoscience.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ There is a diverse range of acupuncture theories based on different philosophies, and techniques vary depending on the country.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ The method used in TCM is likely the most widespread in the United States.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ It is most often used for pain relief, though it is also used for a wide range of other conditions.", "Acupuncture __knowledge__ Acupuncture is generally used only in combination with other forms of treatment." ] ]

[ 5, 2, 75, 9, 53 ]

[ "I am so sorry to hear that. I'm not a physician, but have worked with different bodies and limitations as a yoga and Pilates instructor. Is it a dull ache...a shooting pain...or a burning sensation?", "It could be referred pain originating from the back...so does your neck bother you? Or is it more middle back or lower back pain that you feel limited by? There's also tailbone pain, but that doesn't seem to be the problem.", "Any difference to your habits during that time? And I'm curious -- have you evere tried something like acupuncture for pain relief?", "I am so sorry. I know a *lot* of people -- 9 out of 10 adults -- experience it at some point in their life. But chronic pain is no fun.", "Not crazy about doctors like that! I seriously recommend a second opinion, since it sounds like you got *no* support. Often, teams of people work together -- doctors, pharamacists, physiotherapists, massage therapists. You need a team!" ]

[ "Back pain", "Back pain", "Back pain", "Back pain", "Back pain" ]