cahya/nusa-mt huggingface dataset:
English: They found that the complex, which had open and closed conformations, was assembled as a dimer and the ACE2-B0AT1 complex can bind two S proteins, which provides evidence for CoV recognition and infection.
Indonesian: Mereka menemukan bahwa kompleks, yang memiliki konformasi terbuka dan tertutup, tersusun membentuk dimer dan kompleks ACE2-B0AT1 dapat mengikat dua protein S, yang menjadi bukti untuk pengenalan dan infeksi CoV.
English: B0AT1 may become a therapeutic target for drug screening to suppress SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Indonesian: B0AT1 dapat dijadikan sasaran terapeutik dalam penapisan obat untuk menekan infeksi SARS-CoV-2.
English: It has been known that both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV originated from bats and were transmitted to humans via civet cats and camels, respectively.
Indonesian: SARS-CoV dan MERS-CoV diketahui berasal dari kelelawar dan masing-masing ditransmisikan kepada manusia melalui musang dan unta.
English: Through a phylogenetic comparison of SARS-CoV-2 with other CoVs, bats were considered the native host of SARS-CoV-2 as the new virus is 96% identical to two SARS-like CoVs from bats called bat-SL-CoVZX45 and bat-SL-CoVZX21.
Indonesian: Melalui perbandingan filogenetik SARS-CoV-2 dengan CoV lain, kelelawar dianggap sebagai inang asli SARS-CoV-2 karena virus baru ini 96% identik dengan dua CoV mirip-SARS dari kelelawar yang disebut bat-SL-CoVZX45 dan bat-SL-CoVZX21.
English: However, what intermediate host helped the virus cross the species barrier to infect humans remains unknown, and the transmission route is yet to be elucidated.
Indonesian: Namun, inang perantara yang membantu virus melintas penghalang spesies untuk menginfeksi manusia masih belum diketahui, dan rute transmisi masih harus dijelaskan.
English: Ji, et al., proposed snakes as a carrier of the virus from bats to humans which involved homologous recombination within the S protein.
Indonesian: Ji, et al. mengusulkan ular sebagai pembawa virus dari kelelawar kepada manusia yang melibatkan rekombinasi homolog di dalam protein S.
English: According to a study, researchers in Guangzhou, China, suggested that pangolins - long-snouted, ant-eating mammals often used in traditional Chinese medicine - are the potential intermediate host of SARS-CoV-2 based on 99% genetic homology in a CoV discovered in pangolins and SARS-CoV-2.
Indonesian: Menurut sebuah studi, peneliti di Guangzhou, Tiongkok, mengusulkan bahwa tenggiling, mamalia bermoncong panjang pemakan semut yang sering digunakan dalam obat Tionghoa tradisional, berpotensi sebagai inang perantara SARS-CoV-2 berdasarkan 99% homologi genetik pada CoV yang ditemukan di tenggiling dan SARS-CoV-2.
English: However, 1% difference spread all over two genomes is still a big difference; thus, conclusive results for concrete evidence are awaited (Fig. ​(Fig.33).
Indonesian: Meski demikian, 1% perbedaan yang tersebar di seluruh genom masih merupakan perbedaan yang besar; karena itu, hasil yang konklusif sebagai bukti konkret masih belum didapatkan (Gbr. 3).
English: The physicochemical properties of SARS-CoV-2 are largely not yet known.
Indonesian: Sifat fisikokimia SARS-CoV-2 sebagian besar belum diketahui.
English: SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV can survive in vitro for 48 hours in a dry environment and up to 5 days under 20 °C and 40%-50% humidity.
Indonesian: In vitro, SARS-CoV dan MERS-CoV dapat bertahan selama 48 jam di lingkungan yang kering dan hingga 5 hari pada 20 °C dan kelembapan 40%-50%.
English: SARS-CoV-2 may possess similar properties.
Indonesian: SARS-CoV-2 mungkin memiliki sifat yang serupa.
English: It has been reported that SARS-CoV-2 is sensitive to ultraviolet rays and heat at 56 °C for 30 minutes; ether, 75% ethanol, chlorine-containing disinfectant, peracetic acid, chloroform, and other fatty solvents, but not chlorhexidine, can effectively inactivate the virus.
Indonesian: Dilaporkan bahwa SARS-CoV-2 sensitif terhadap sinar ultraviolet dan panas pada 56 °C selama 30 menit; eter, etanol 75%, disinfektan yang mengandung klorin, asam perasetat, kloroform, dan pelarut lemak lainnya, tetapi bukan klorheksidin, efektif menonaktifkan virus.
English: The entire human population generally lacks immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and hence is susceptible to the novel virus.
Indonesian: Secara umum, seluruh populasi manusia tidak memiliki imunitas terhadap SARS-CoV-2 dan karena itu rentan terhadap virus baru ini.
English: Currently, no detailed study has been reported regarding the immunological response to SARS-CoV-2.
Indonesian: Saat ini, belum ada studi terperinci yang melaporkan tentang respons imunologis terhadap SARS-CoV-2.
English: Thus, we can only refer to previous studies on other CoVs, especially SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV (Fig. ​(Fig.4).4).
Indonesian: Karena itu, kita hanya bisa merujuk ke penelitian CoV lain sebelumnya, khususnya SARS-CoV dan MERS-CoV (Gbr. 4).4).
English: In general, after a virus invades the host, it is first recognized by the host innate immune system through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) including C-type lectin-like receptors, Toll-like receptor (TLR), NOD-like receptor (NLR), and RIG-I-like receptor (RLR).
Indonesian: Secara umum, setelah menginvasi inang, virus dikenali oleh sistem imun bawaan melalui reseptor pengenal pola (PRR), yang mencakup C-type lectin-like receptor, Toll-like receptor (TLR), NOD-like receptor (NLR), dan RIG-I-like receptor (RLR).
English: Through different pathways, the virus induces the expression of inflammatory factors, maturation of dendritic cells, and synthesis of type I interferons (IFNs) which limit the spreading of the virus and accelerate macrophage phagocytosis of viral antigens.
Indonesian: Melalui jalur yang berbeda, virus menginduksi ekspresi faktor inflamatori, maturasi sel dendritik, dan sintesis interferon tipe I (IFN) yang membatasi penyebaran virus dan mempercepat fagositosis antigen virus oleh makrofag.
English: However, the N protein of SARS-CoV can help the virus escape from the immune responses.
Indonesian: Namun, protein N pada SARS-CoV dapat membantu virus mengelakkan respons imun.
English: Soon, the adaptive immune response joins the fight against the virus.
Indonesian: Tidak lama kemudian, respons imun adaptif bergabung dalam pertempuran melawan virus ini.
English: T lymphocytes including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells play an important role in the defense.
Indonesian: Limfosit T, yang mencakup sel CD4+ dan CD8+, memainkan peranan penting dalam pertahanan ini.
English: CD4+ T cells stimulate B cells to produce virus-specific antibodies, and CD8+ T cells directly kill virus-infected cells.
Indonesian: Sel T CD4+ menstimulasi sel B untuk menghasilkan antibodi yang spesifik terhadap virus, dan sel T CD8+ membunuh sel yang terinfeksi virus secara langsung.
English: T helper cells produce proinflammatory cytokines to help the defending cells.
Indonesian: Sel T penolong menghasilkan sitokin proinflamatori untuk membantu melindungi sel.
English: However, CoV can inhibit T cell functions by inducing apoptosis of T cells.
Indonesian: Meski demikian, CoV dapat menghambat fungsi sel T dengan menginduksi apoptosis sel T.
English: The humoral immunity including complements such as C3a and C5a and antibodies is also essential in combating the viral infection.
Indonesian: Imunitas humoral, yang mencakup komplemen, seperti C3a dan C5a, serta antibodi juga penting dalam melawan infeksi virus.
English: For example, antibodies isolated from a recovered patient neutralized MERS-CoV.
Indonesian: Misalnya, antibodi yang diisolasi dari pasien yang sudah sembuh menetralkan MERS-CoV.
English: On the other hand, an overreaction of the immune system generates a large number of free radicals locally that can cause severe damages to the lungs and other organs, and, in the worst scenario, multi-organ failure and even death.
Indonesian: Di sisi lain, reaksi sistem imun yang berlebihan menghasilkan sejumlah besar radikal bebas secara lokal, yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan parah pada paru dan organ lain, dan, pada skenario terburuk, gagal organ majemuk dan bahkan kematian.
English: The SARS-CoV-2 infection, featured by clustering onset, is more likely to affect elderly people with comorbidities and pregnant women.
Indonesian: Infeksi SARS-CoV-2, yang ditandai dengan klaster awitan, lebih banyak mengenai lansia dengan penyakit penyerta dan wanita hamil.
English: It is common that for people who are exposed to a large number of viruses or whose immune functions are compromised, they have higher chance to be infected than others.
Indonesian: Umumnya, orang yang terpapar virus dalam jumlah besar atau yang fungsi imunnya terganggu memiliki peluang terinfeksi lebih tinggi daripada orang lain.
English: The estimated mean incubation period of SARS-CoV-2 is 1-14 days, mostly 3-7 days based on a study of the first 425 cases in Wuhan.
Indonesian: Estimasi periode inkubasi rata-rata SARS-CoV-2 adalah 1-14 hari, kebanyakan 3-7 hari berdasarkan studi terhadap 425 kasus pertama di Wuhan.
English: However, a study on 1,099 cases demonstrates that the incubation period was 3 days on average and ranged from 0 to 24 days.
Indonesian: Namun, sebuah studi terhadap 1.099 kasus menunjukkan bahwa periode inkubasi rata-rata adalah 3 hari dan berkisar mulai dari 0 hingga 24 hari.
English: A more recent study, as described above, demonstrates that the incubation period was 4.8 (3.0-7.2) days based on the demography of 8,866 cases.
Indonesian: Studi yang lebih baru, sebagaimana dijelaskan di atas, menunjukkan bahwa periode inkubasi 4,8 (3,0-7,2) hari berdasarkan demografi 8.866 kasus.
English: It is very important for health authorities to adjust the effective quarantine time based on the most accurate incubation period, thus preventing infected but symptomless people from transmitting the virus to others.
Indonesian: Penting sekali otoritas kesehatan menyesuaikan waktu karantina efektif berdasarkan periode inkubasi paling akurat sehingga mencegah orang yang terinfeksi, tetapi tanpa gejala, mentransmisikan virus kepada orang lain.
English: As a common practice, individuals exposed to, or infected by, the virus are usually required to be quarantined for 14 days.
Indonesian: Sebagai praktik umum, orang yang terpapar virus atau terinfeksi biasanya diharuskan untuk dikarantina selama 14 hari.
English: Should the quarantine time be extended to 24 days?
Indonesian: Haruskan waktu karantina diperpanjang hingga 24 hari?
English: Fever is often the major and initial symptom of COVID-19, which can be accompanied by no symptom or other symptoms such as dry cough, shortness of breath, muscle ache, dizziness, headache, sore throat, rhinorrhea, chest pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting.
Indonesian: Demam sering kali merupakan gejala COVID-19 utama dan awal, dengan atau tanpa disertai gejala lain seperti batuk kering, sesak napas, nyeri otot, limbung, sakit kepala, sakit tenggorokan, rinorea, nyeri dada, diare, nausea, dan muntah.
English: Some patients experienced dyspnea and/or hypoxemia one week after the onset of the disease.
Indonesian: Beberapa pasien mengalami dispnea dan/atau hipoksemia satu minggu setelah awitan penyakit.
English: In severe cases, patients quickly progressed to develop acute respiratory syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, and coagulopathy.
Indonesian: Pada kasus yang berat, perkembangan penyakit pasien berlangsung cepat menjadi sindrom pernapasan akut, syok septik, asidosis metabolik, dan koagulopati.
English: Patients with fever and/or respiratory symptoms and acute fever, even without pulmonary imaging abnormalities, should be screened for the virus for early diagnosis.
Indonesian: Pasien yang mengalami demam dan/atau gejala pernapasan dan demam akut, walaupun tanpa kelainan pencitraan paru, harus ditapis terhadap virus untuk diagnosis dini.
English: A demographic study in late December of 2019 showed that the percentages of the symptoms were 98% for fever, 76% for dry cough, 55% for dyspnea, and 3% for diarrhea; 8% of the patients required ventilation support.
Indonesian: Studi demografi pada akhir Desember 2019 menunjukkan bahwa persentase gejala sebesar 98% untuk demam, 76% untuk batuk kering, 55% untuk dispnea, dan 3% untuk diare; 8% pasien memerlukan dukungan ventilator.
English: Similar findings were reported in two recent studies of a family cluster and a cluster caused by transmission from an asymptomatic individual.
Indonesian: Temuan serupa dilaporkan dalam dua studi baru-baru ini, yakni studi pada klaster keluarga dan klaster yang disebabkan transmisi dari orang asimtomatik.
English: Comparably, a demographic study in 2012 showed that MERS-CoV patients also had fever (98%), dry cough (47%), and dyspnea (55%) as their main symptoms.
Indonesian: Sebanding dengan itu, studi demografi pada tahun 2012 menunjukkan bahwa pasien MERS-CoV juga mengalami demam (98%), batuk kering (47%), dan dispnea (55%) sebagai gejala utamanya.
English: However, 80% of them required ventilation support, much more than COVID-19 patients and consistent with the higher lethality of MERS than of COVID-19.
Indonesian: Namun, 80% pasien membutuhkan dukungan ventilasi, jauh lebih banyak daripada pasien COVID-19 dan konsisten dengan letalitas MERS yang lebih tinggi daripada COVID-19.
English: Diarrhea (26%) and sore throat (21%) were also observed with MERS patients.
Indonesian: Diare (26%) dan sakit tenggorokan (21%) juga teramati pada pasien MERS.
English: In SARS patients, it has been demonstrated that fever (99%-100%), dry cough (29%-75%), dyspnea (40%-42%), diarrhea (20-25%), and sore throat (13-25%) were the major symptoms and ventilation support was required for approximately 14%-20% of the patients.
Indonesian: Pada pasien SARS, demam (99%-100%), batuk kering (29%-75%), dispnea (40%-42%), diare (20-25%), dan sakit tenggorokan (13-25%) ditunjukkan sebagai gejala utama dan dukungan ventilasi diperlukan untuk sekitar 14%-20% pasien.
English: By February 14, the mortality of COVID-19 was 2% when the confirmed cases reached 66,576 globally.
Indonesian: Hingga 14 Februari, mortalitas COVID-19 sebesar 2% dengan kasus terkonfirmasi mencapai 66.576 di seluruh dunia.
English: Comparably, the mortality of SARS by November 2002 was 10% of 8,096 confirmed cases.
Indonesian: Sebanding dengan itu, mortalitas SARS pada November 2002 sebesar 10% dari 8.096 kasus terkonfirmasi.
English: For MERS, based on a demographic study in June 2012, the mortality was 37% of 2,494 confirmed cases.
Indonesian: Untuk MERS, berdasarkan studi demografi pada Juni 2012, mortalitas sebesar 37% dari 2.494 kasus terkonfirmasi.
English: An earlier study reported that the R0 of SARS-CoV-2 was as high as 6.47 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 5.71-7.23, whereas the R0 of SARS-CoV only ranged from 2 to 4.
Indonesian: Studi sebelumnya melaporkan bahwa R0 SARS-CoV-2 mencapai setinggi 6,47 dengan interval kepercayaan (CI) 95% sebesar 5,71-7,23, sementara R0 SARS-CoV hanya berkisar 2 hingga 4.
English: A comparison of SARS-CoV-2 with MERS-CoV and SARA-CoV regarding their symptoms, mortality, and R0 is presented in Table ​Table1.1.
Indonesian: Perbandingan SARS-CoV-2 dengan MERS-CoV dan SARS-CoV dalam hal gejala, mortalitas, dan R0 diberikan di Tabel 1.
English: The above figures suggest that SARS-CoV-2 has a higher ability to spread than MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, but it is less lethal than the latter two.
Indonesian: Angka-angka tersebut menunjukkan bahwa SARS-CoV-2 memiliki kemampuan menyebar yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan MERS-CoV dan SARS-CoV, tetapi tidak semematikan MERS-CoV dan SARS-CoV.
English: Thus, it is much more challenging to control the epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 than those of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV.
Indonesian: Karena itu, tantangan untuk mengontrol pandemi SARS-CoV-2 lebih besar daripada pandemi MERS-CoV dan SARS-CoV.
English: Clustered onset often happens in the same family or from the same gathering or vehicle such as a cruise ship.
Indonesian: Awitan berklaster sering dijumpai dalam satu keluarga atau dari satu perkumpulan atau kendaraan seperti kapal pesiar.
English: Patients often have a history of travel or residence in Wuhan or other affected areas or contact with infected individuals or patients in the recent two weeks before the onset.
Indonesian: Pasien sering kali memiliki riwayat perjalanan atau tinggal di Wuhan atau daerah terdampak lainnya atau berkontak dengan orang terinfeksi atau pasien dalam dua minggu terakhir sebelum awitan.
English: However, it has been reported that people can carry the virus without symptoms longer than two weeks and cured patients discharged from hospitals can carry the virus again, which sends out an alarm to increase the time for quarantine.
Indonesian: Namun, dilaporkan bahwa orang dapat membawa virus tanpa menunjukkan gejala lebih dari dua minggu dan pasien yang dipulangkan dari rumah sakit dapat membawa virus lagi. Hal ini menimbulkan kewaspadaan untuk meningkatkan waktu karantina.
English: Patients have normal or reduced number of peripheral white blood cells (especially lymphocytes) at the early stage.
Indonesian: Di tahap awal, pasien memiliki hitung sel darah putih perifer (khususnya limfosit) normal atau menurun.
English: For example, lymphopenia with white blood cell count &lt; 4×109/L including lymphocyte count &lt; 1×109/L, and elevated aspartate aminotransferase levels and viremia were found in 1,099 COVID-19 patients.
Indonesian: Misalnya, limfopenia dengan hitung sel darah putih &lt; 4×109/L, yang mencakup hitung limfosit &lt; 1×109/L, dan kadar aspartat aminotransferase serta viremia yang meningkat ditemukan pada 1.099 pasien COVID-19.
English: The levels of liver and muscle enzymes and myoglobin were increased in the blood of some patients, and C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation were increased in the blood of most patients.
Indonesian: Kadar enzim hati dan otot serta mioglobin meningkat dalam darah sejumlah pasien, serta protein C-reaktif dan laju endap darah meningkat pada sebagian besar pasien.
English: In patients with severe cases, the level of D-dimer, a fibrin degradation product present in the blood, was elevated, and lymphocyte count was progressively reduced.
Indonesian: Pada pasien dengan kasus berat, kadar D-dimer meningkat, yakni produk penguraian fibrin yang ada dalam darah, dan hitung limfosit menurun secara progresif.
English: Abnormalities in chest radiography are found in most COVID-19 patients and featured by bilateral patchy shadows or ground glass opacity in the lungs.
Indonesian: Kelainan foto toraks ditemukan pada sebagaian besar pasien COVID-19 dan ditandai dengan bayangan berawan bilateral atau opasitas ground-glass di paru.
English: Patients often develop an atypical pneumonia, acute lung injury, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Indonesian: Pasien sering kali mengalami pneumonia atipis, cedera paru akut, dan sindrom gawat napas akut (ARDS).
English: When ARDS happens, uncontrolled inflammation, fluid accumulation, and progressive fibrosis severely compromise the gas exchange.
Indonesian: Saat ARDS terjadi, inflamasi takterkendali, akumulasi cairan, dan fibrosis progresif sangat memperparah gangguan pertukaran gas.
English: Dysfunction of type-I and type-II pneumocytes decreases the surfactant level and increases surface tension, thus reducing the ability of the lungs to expand and heightening the risk of lung collapse.
Indonesian: Disfungsi pneumosit tipe I dan tipe II menurunkan kadar surfaktan dan meningkatkan tekanan permukaan sehingga menurunkan kemampuan paru untuk mengembang dan meningkatkan risiko kolaps paru.
English: Therefore, the worst chest radiographic findings often parallel the most severe extent of the disease.
Indonesian: Karena itu, temuan paling buruk pada foto toraks sering kali paralel dengan tingkat penyakit paling parah.
English: On February 18, 2020, the first pathological analysis of COVID-19 demonstrated the desquamation of pneumocytes, hyaline membrane formation, and interstitial lymphocyte infiltration, and multinucleated syncytial cells in the lungs of a patient who died of the disease, consistent with the pathology of viral infection and ARDS and similar to that of SARS and MERS patients.
Indonesian: Pada 18 Februari 2020, analisis patologis COVID-19 pertama menunjukkan deskuamasi pneumosit, pembentukan membran hialin, dan infiltrasi limfosit interstisial, serta sel sinsitial berinti banyak di paru pasien yang meninggal karena penyakit ini, sesuai dengan patologi infeksi virus dan ARDS serta serupa dengan analisis patologis pasien SARS dan MERS.
English: The detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA via reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used as the major criteria for the diagnosis of COVID-19.
Indonesian: Deteksi RNA SARS-CoV-2 melalui reaksi rantai polimerase transkriptase balik (RT-PCR) digunakan sebagai kriteria utama untuk diagnosis COVID-19.
English: However, due to the high false-negative rate, which may accelerate the epidemic, clinical manifestations started to be used for diagnosis (which no longer solely relied on RT-PCR) in China on February 13, 2020.
Indonesian: Namun, karena tingginya tingkat negatif palsu, yang dapat mempercepat epidemi, manifestasi klinis mulai digunakan untuk diagnosis (yang tidak lagi hanya bergantung pada RT-PCR) di Tiongkok pada 13 Februari 2020.
English: A similar situation also occurred with the diagnosis of SARS.
Indonesian: Situasi serupa juga terjadi pada diagnosis SARS.
English: Therefore, a combination of disease history, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, and radiological findings is essential and imperative for making an effective diagnosis.
Indonesian: Karena itu, kombinasi antara riwayat penyakit, manifestasi klinis, uji laboratorium, dan temuan radiologis sangat penting dan suatu keharusan untuk membuat diagnosis yang efektif.
English: On February 14, 2020, the Feng Zhang group described a protocol of using the CRISPR-based SHERLOCK technique to detect SARS-CoV-2, which detects synthetic SARS-CoV-2 RNA fragments at 20 × 10-18 mol/L to 200 × 10-18 mol/L (10-100 copies per microliter of input) using a dipstick in less than an hour without requiring elaborate instrumentation.
Indonesian: Pada 14 Februari 2020, grup Feng Zhang menjelaskan protokol penggunaan teknik SHERLOCK berbasis-CRISPR untuk mendeteksi SARS-CoV-2, yang mendeteksi fragmen RNA SARS-CoV-2 sintetik pada 20 × 10-18 mol/L hingga 200 × 10-18 mol/L (10-100 salinan per mikroliter input) menggunakan tongkat celup dalam waktu kurang dari satu jam tanpa memerlukan instrumentasi yang rumit.
English: Hopefully, the new technique can dramatically enhance the sensitivity and convenience if verified in clinical samples.
Indonesian: Semoga saja, teknik baru ini dapat sangat meningkatkan sensitivitas dan kemudahan jika terverifikasi pada sampel klinis.
English: Due to the lack of experience with the novel CoV, physicians can mainly provide supportive care to COVID-19 patients, while attempting a variety of therapies that have been used or proposed before for the treatment of other CoVs such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV and other viral diseases (Table ​(Table2).2).
Indonesian: Karena kurangnya pengalaman dengan CoV baru, dokter terutama menawarkan perawatan pendukung kepada pasien COVID-19, selagi mencoba berbagai terapi yang pernah digunakan atau diusulkan sebelumnya untuk perawatan CoV lain, seperti SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, dan penyakit viral lainnya (Tabel 2).2).
English: These therapies include current and potential treatments with antiviral drugs, immunosuppressants, steroids, plasma from recovered patients, Chinese medicine, and psychological support.
Indonesian: Terapi ini mencakup terapi yang ada saat ini dan terapi potensial dengan obat antivirus, imunosupresan, steroid, plasma dari pasien yang sudah sembuh, obat tradisional Tionghoa, dan dukungan psikologis.
English: Even plasma from recovered patients was proposed to be used for treatment.
Indonesian: Bahkan plasma dari pasien yang sudah sembuh diusulkan untuk digunakan dalam terapi.
English: Pharmaceutical companies are racing to develop antibodies and vaccines against the virus.
Indonesian: Perusahaan farmasi berlomba mengembangkan antibodi dan vaksin terhadap virus ini.