cahya/nusa-mt huggingface dataset:
English: Religions prescribe hand washing for both hygienic and symbolic purposes.Symbolic hand washing, using water but no soap to wash hands, is a part of ritual hand washing featured in many religions, including Bahá'í Faith, Hinduism, tevilah and netilat yadayim in Judaism, Lavabo in Christianity, and Wudhu in Islam.Religions also prescribe hygienic hand washing, especially after certain actions.
Indonesian: Agama memerintahkan pencucian tangan untuk tujuan kebersihan dan simbolis. Pencucian tangan simbolis, yang menggunakan air, tetapi tanpa sabun untuk mencuci tangan, adalah bagian ritual mencuci tangan dalam banyak agama, termasuk Kepercayaan Bahá'í, Hindu, tevilah dan netilat yadayim dalam Yahudi, Lavabo dalam Kristen, dan Wudhu dalam Islam. Agama juga memerintahkan pencucian tangan untuk kebersihan, terutama setelah tindakan tertentu.
English: Hinduism, Judaism and Islam mandate washing of hands after using the toilet.
Indonesian: Agama Hindu, Yahudi, dan Islam mewajibkan cuci tangan setelah menggunakan toilet.
English: And, Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Judaism and Islam mandate washing of hands before and after every meal.
Indonesian: Selain itu, agama Hindu, Buddha, Sikh, Yahudi, dan Islam mewajibkan cuci tangan sebelum dan sesudah makan.
English: Impact of the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic on education
Indonesian: Dampak pandemi koronavirus 2019-2020 pada pendidikan
English: The 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic has affected educational systems worldwide, leading to the widespread closures of schools and universities.
Indonesian: Di seluruh dunia, pandemi koronavirus 2019-2020 telah memengaruhi sistem pendidikan dan mengakibatkan penutupan sekolah dan universitas di mana-mana.
English: As of 8 April 2020, approximately 1.716 billion learners have been affected due to school closures in response to COVID-19.
Indonesian: Hingga 8 April 2020, sekitar 1,716 miliar pelajar telah terdampak akibat penutupan sekolah sebagai respons terhadap COVID-19.
English: According to UNESCO monitoring, 188 countries have implemented nationwide closures and 5 have implemented local closures, impacting about 99.4% of the world's student population.
Indonesian: Menurut pemantauan UNESCO, 188 negara menerapkan penutupan nasional dan 5 negara menerapkan penutupan lokal, yang berdampak pada sekitar 99,4% populasi siswa di dunia.
English: On 23 March 2020, Cambridge International Examinations (CIE) released a statement announcing the cancellation of Cambridge IGCSE, Cambridge O Level, Cambridge International AS &amp; A Level, Cambridge AICE Diploma, and Cambridge Pre-U examinations for the May/June 2020 series across all countries.
Indonesian: Pada 23 Maret 2020, Cambridge International Examinations (CIE) merilis pernyataan yang mengumumkan pembatalan ujian Cambridge IGCSE, Cambridge O Level, Cambridge International AS &amp; A Level, Cambridge AICE Diploma, dan Cambridge Pre-U untuk rangkaian Mei/Juni 2020 di seluruh negeri.
English: International Baccalaureate exams have also been cancelled.School closures impact not only students, teachers, and families, but have far-reaching economic and societal consequences.
Indonesian: Ujian International Baccalaureate juga dibatalkan. Penutupan sekolah bukan hanya berdampak pada siswa, guru, dan keluarga, tetapi juga memiliki konsekuensi ekonomi dan sosial yang luas.
English: School closures in response to COVID-19 have shed light on various social and economic issues, including student debt, digital learning, food insecurity, and homelessness, as well as access to childcare, health care, housing, internet, and disability services.
Indonesian: Penutupan sekolah sebagai respons terhadap COVID-19 telah menyoroti berbagai masalah sosial dan ekonomi, yang mencakup pinjaman mahasiswa, pembelajaran digital, kerawanan pangan, tuna wisma, dan akses ke perawatan anak, perawatan kesehatan, perumahan, internet, dan layanan disabilitas.
English: The impact was more severe for disadvantaged children and their families, causing interrupted learning, compromised nutrition, childcare problems, and consequent economic cost to families who could not work.In response to school closures, UNESCO recommended the use of distance learning programmes and open educational applications and platforms that schools and teachers can use to reach learners remotely and limit the disruption of education.
Indonesian: Dampaknya lebih berat bagi anak yang kurang beruntung dan keluarganya, yakni menyebabkan gangguan belajar, gizi tidak memadai, masalah pengasuhan anak, dan konsekuensi ekonomi bagi keluarga yang tidak dapat bekerja. Menanggapi penutupan sekolah, UNESCO merekomendasikan penggunaan program pembelajaran jarak jauh dan aplikasi serta platform pendidikan terbuka yang dapat digunakan sekolah dan guru untuk menjangkau pelajar dari jarak jauh dan membatasi gangguan pendidikan.
English: Efforts to stem the spread of COVID-19 through non-pharmaceutical interventions and preventive measures such as social-distancing and self-isolation have prompted the widespread closure of primary, secondary, and tertiary schooling in over 100 countries.Previous outbreaks of infectious diseases have prompted widespread school closings around the world, with varying levels of effectiveness.
Indonesian: Upaya untuk membendung penyebaran COVID-19 melalui intervensi nonfarmasi dan langkah pencegahan seperti pembatasan sosial dan isolasi mandiri telah mendorong penutupan sekolah dasar, menengah, dan tingkat lanjut di lebih dari 100 negara. Wabah penyakit menular sebelumnya telah mendorong penutupan sekolah di mana-mana di seluruh dunia, dengan tingkat keefektifan yang beragam.
English: Mathematical modelling has shown that transmission of an outbreak may be delayed by closing schools.
Indonesian: Pemodelan matematika menunjukkan bahwa penularan wabah mungkin bisa diperlambat dengan penutupan sekolah.
English: However, effectiveness depends on the contacts children maintain outside of school.
Indonesian: Namun, keefektifannya bergantung pada kontak yang dilakukan anak-anak di luar sekolah.
English: School closures may be effective when enacted promptly.
Indonesian: Penutupan sekolah mungkin efektif jika diberlakukan segera.
English: If school closures occur late relative to an outbreak, they are less effective and may not have any impact at all.
Indonesian: Jika terlambat, relatif terhadap wabah, penutupan sekolah kurang efektif dan mungkin tidak berdampak sama sekali.
English: Additionally, in some cases, the reopening of schools after a period of closure has resulted in increased infection rates.
Indonesian: Lebih lanjut, dalam beberapa kasus, pembukaan sekolah kembali setelah periode penutupan mengakibatkan peningkatan angka infeksi.
English: As closures tend to occur concurrently with other interventions such as public gathering bans, it can be difficult to measure the specific impact of school closures.During the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic in the United States, school closures and public gathering bans were associated with lower total mortality rates.
Indonesian: Karena penutupan cenderung dilakukan bersamaan dengan intervensi lain, seperti larangan berkumpul di tempat umum, pengukuran dampak penutupan sekolah secara spesifik sulit dilakukan. Selama pandemi influenza 1918-1919 di Amerika Serikat, penutupan sekolah dan larangan berkumpul di tempat umum dikaitkan dengan angka mortalitas total yang lebih rendah.
English: Cities that implemented such interventions earlier had greater delays in reaching peak mortality rates.
Indonesian: Kota-kota yang menerapkan intervensi tersebut lebih awal mengalami perlambatan lebih besar dalam mencapai puncak angka mortalitas.
English: Schools closed for a median duration of 4 weeks according to a study of 43 US cities' response to the Spanish Flu.
Indonesian: Median durasi penutupan sekolah adalah 4 minggu menurut sebuah studi tentang respons 43 kota di AS terhadap Flu Spanyol.
English: School closures were shown to reduce morbidity from the Asian flu by 90% during the 1957–58 outbreak, and up to 50% in controlling influenza in the US, 2004–2008.Multiple countries successfully slowed the spread of infection through school closures during the 2009 H1N1 Flu pandemic.
Indonesian: Penutupan sekolah terbukti menurunkan morbiditas akibat flu Asia hingga 90% selama wabah tahun 1957–1958 dan hingga 50% dalam pengendalian influenza di AS tahun 2004–2008.Beberapa negara berhasil memperlambat penyebaran infeksi melalui penutupan sekolah selama pandemi Flu H1N1 tahun 2009.
English: School closures in the city of Oita, Japan, were found to have successfully decreased the number of infected students at the peak of infection; however closing schools was not found to have significantly decreased the total number of infected students.
Indonesian: Penutupan sekolah di kota Oita, Jepang, ditemukan berhasil menurunkan jumlah siswa yang terinfeksi pada puncak infeksi; namun, penutupan sekolah ditemukan tidak signifikan menurunkan jumlah total siswa yang terinfeksi.
English: Mandatory school closures and other social distancing measures were associated with a 29% to 37% reduction in influenza transmission rates.
Indonesian: Penutupan sekolah wajib dan langkah pembatasan sosial lainnya dikaitkan dengan penurunan tingkat penularan influenza sebesar 29% hingga 37%.
English: Early school closures in the United States delayed the peak of the 2009 H1N1 Flu pandemic.
Indonesian: Penutupan sekolah dini di Amerika Serikat memperlambat puncak pandemi Flu H1N1 tahun 2009.
English: Despite the overall success of closing schools, a study of school closures in Michigan found that "district level reactive school closures were ineffective."During the swine flu outbreak in 2009 in the UK, in an article titled "Closure of schools during an influenza pandemic" published in the Lancet Infectious Diseases, a group of epidemiologists endorsed the closure of schools in order to interrupt the course of the infection, slow further spread and buy time to research and produce a vaccine.
Indonesian: Terlepas dari keberhasilan penutupan sekolah secara keseluruhan, sebuah studi tentang penutupan sekolah di Michigan menemukan bahwa "penutupan sekolah yang reaktif di tingkat kabupaten tidak efektif."Pada wabah flu tahun 2009 di Inggris Raya, dalam sebuah artikel berjudul "Penutupan sekolah selama pandemi influenza" yang diterbitkan di Lancet Infectious Diseases, sekelompok ahli epidemiologi mendukung penutupan sekolah untuk memutus perjalanan infeksi, memperlambat penyebaran lebih lanjut, dan memberikan waktu untuk penelitian dan pembuatan vaksin.
English: Having studied previous influenza pandemics including the 1918 flu pandemic, the influenza pandemic of 1957 and the 1968 flu pandemic, they reported on the economic and workforce effect school closure would have, particularly with a large percentage of doctors and nurses being women, of whom half had children under the age of 16.
Indonesian: Setelah mempelajari pandemi influenza sebelumnya, yang mencakup pandemi flu tahun 1918, pandemi influenza tahun 1957, dan pandemi flu tahun 1968, mereka melaporkan dampak ekonomi dan tenaga kerja yang akan terjadi akibat penutupan sekolah, terutama karena sebagian besar dokter dan perawat adalah wanita, yang setengahnya memiliki anak di bawah usia 16 tahun.
English: They also looked at the dynamics of the spread of influenza in France during French school holidays and noted that cases of flu dropped when schools closed and re-emerged when they re-opened.
Indonesian: Mereka juga melihat dinamika penyebaran influenza di Prancis selama liburan sekolah Prancis dan mencatat bahwa kasus flu menurun ketika sekolah ditutup dan muncul kembali ketika sekolah dibuka kembali.
English: They noted that when teachers in Israel went on strike during the flu season of 1999–2000, visits to doctors and the number of respiratory infections dropped by more than a fifth and more than two fifths respectively.
Indonesian: Mereka mencatat bahwa ketika para guru di Israel mogok selama musim flu tahun 1999-2000, kunjungan ke dokter dan jumlah infeksi pernapasan turun masing-masing lebih dari seperlima dan lebih dari dua perlima.
English: For schools and childcare facilities, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends short-term closure to clean or disinfect if an infected person has been in a school building regardless of community spread.
Indonesian: Terlepas dari penyebaran di masyarakat, untuk sekolah dan fasilitas penitipan anak, Pusat Pengendalian dan Pencegahan Penyakit AS merekomendasikan penutupan jangka pendek untuk membersihkan atau mendisinfeksi jika orang yang terinfeksi pernah berada di gedung sekolah.
English: When there is minimal to moderate community transmission, social distancing strategies can be implemented such as cancelling field trips, assemblies, and other large gatherings such as physical education or choir classes or meals in a cafeteria, increasing the space between desks, staggering arrival and dismissal times, limiting nonessential visitors, and using a separate health office location for children with flu-like symptoms.
Indonesian: Jika ada penularan di masyarakat pada tingkat minimal hingga sedang, strategi pembatasan sosial dapat diterapkan, yang mencakup: membatalkan kunjungan lapangan, pertemuan, dan perkumpulan besar lainnya, seperti pendidikan jasmani, kelas paduan suara, atau makan di kafetaria, meningkatkan jarak antara meja, waktu kedatangan dan kepulangan yang bertahap, membatasi pengunjung nonesensial, dan menggunakan lokasi kantor kesehatan yang terpisah untuk anak-anak dengan gejala mirip flu.
English: When there is substantial transmission in the local community, in addition to social distancing strategies, extended school dismissals may be considered.
Indonesian: Jika ada penularan yang tinggi di masyarakat lokal, di samping strategi pembatasan sosial, memperpanjang penutupan sekolah dapat dipertimbangkan.
English: On 26 January, China instituted measures to contain the COVID-19 outbreak which included extending the Spring Festival holiday to contain the outbreak.
Indonesian: Pada 26 Januari, Tiongkok menerapkan langkah-langkah untuk membendung wabah COVID-19, yang mencakup memperpanjang liburan Festival Musim Semi untuk membendung wabah tersebut.
English: Universities and schools around the country closed.
Indonesian: Semua universitas dan sekolah di seluruh negeri juga ditutup.
English: On 23 February, Iran's Ministry of Health announced the closure of universities, higher educational institutions and schools in several cities and provinces.
Indonesian: Pada 23 Februari, Kementerian Kesehatan Iran mengumumkan penutupan universitas, institusi pendidikan tinggi, dan sekolah di beberapa kota dan provinsi.
English: On 3 March, UNESCO released the first global numbers on school closures and affected students.
Indonesian: Pada 3 Maret, UNESCO merilis angka global pertama untuk penutupan sekolah dan siswa yang terdampak.
English: It reported that 13 countries had enacted preventive measures including the temporary closure of schools and universities, impacting 290.5 million students around the world.
Indonesian: Dilaporkan bahwa 13 negara telah memberlakukan tindakan pencegahan yang mencakup penutupan sementara sekolah dan universitas, yang berdampak pada 290,5 juta siswa di seluruh dunia.
English: In reaction, UNESCO called on countries to support affected students and families and facilitate large-scale inclusive distance learning programmes.
Indonesian: Sebagai tanggapan, UNESCO meminta negara untuk mendukung siswa dan keluarga yang terdampak serta memfasilitasi program pembelajaran jarak jauh inklusif berskala besar.
English: On 4 March, the Italian government ordered the full closure of all schools and universities nationwide as Italy reached 100 deaths.
Indonesian: Pada 4 Maret, pemerintah Italia memerintahkan penutupan total semua sekolah dan universitas secara nasional saat Italia mencapai 100 kematian.
English: In doing so, Italy became one of 22 countries on three continents which had announced or implemented school closures.
Indonesian: Dengan melakukannya, Italia menjadi salah satu dari 22 negara di tiga benua yang mengumumkan atau menerapkan penutupan sekolah.
English: On 5 March, the majority of learners affected by COVID-19 emergency measures were located in China, with 233 million learners affected, followed by Japan at 16.5 million and Iran at 14.5 million.
Indonesian: Pada 5 Maret, mayoritas pelajar yang terdampak langkah darurat COVID-19 berlokasi di Tiongkok, dengan 233 juta pelajar terdampak, diikuti oleh Jepang dengan 16,5 juta pelajar, dan Iran dengan 14,5 juta pelajar.
English: By 10 March, one in five students worldwide was "staying away from school due to the COVID-19 crisis" while another one in four was barred from higher education institutions.
Indonesian: Pada 10 Maret, satu dari lima siswa di seluruh dunia "tidak pergi ke sekolah karena krisis COVID-19", sementara satu dari empat siswa lainnya dilarang datang ke lembaga pendidikan yang lebih tinggi.
English: On 13 March, governments in 49 countries announced or implemented school closures, including 39 countries which closed schools nationwide and 22 countries with localised school closures.
Indonesian: Pada 13 Maret, pemerintahan di 49 negara mengumumkan atau menerapkan penutupan sekolah, yang mencakup 39 negara yang melakukan penutupan sekolah secara nasional dan 22 negara yang melakukan penutupan sekolah secara lokal.
English: By 16 March, this figure increased from 49 to 73 countries according to UNESCO.
Indonesian: Pada 16 Maret, angka ini meningkat dari 49 menjadi 73 negara menurut UNESCO.
English: By 19 March, 50% of students worldwide were affected by school closures, corresponding to nationwide closures in 102 countries and local closures in 11 countries affecting 850 million children and youth.
Indonesian: Pada 19 Maret, 50% siswa di seluruh dunia terdampak oleh penutupan sekolah, terkait dengan penutupan nasional di 102 negara dan penutupan lokal di 11 negara yang memengaruhi 850 juta anak dan remaja.
English: By 20 March, over 70% of the world's learners were impacted by closures, with 124 country-wide school closures.
Indonesian: Pada 20 Maret, lebih dari 70% pelajar di seluruh dunia terdampak penutupan, dengan 124 penutupan sekolah di seluruh negeri.
English: On 23 March, all Nigerian school were found to have been closed down by Nigerian government, markets as well as companies were closed down and children were forbidden by parents to step out of their homes.
Indonesian: Pada 23 Maret, semua sekolah Nigeria diketahui telah ditutup oleh pemerintah Nigeria, pasar dan perusahaan ditutup, dan anak-anak dilarang keluar rumah oleh orang tua.
English: On 26 March, all New Zealand schools and universities have been closed down across the country.
Indonesian: Pada 26 Maret, semua sekolah dan universitas Selandia Baru ditutup di seluruh negeri.
English: The government has imposed a two-week holiday, allowing schools to transition to forms of distant teaching as soon as possible.
Indonesian: Pemerintah memberlakukan libur dua minggu, yang memberi kesempatan kepada sekolah untuk beralih ke bentuk pengajaran jarak jauh sesegera mungkin.
English: Universities have closed for one week, but resumed with online teaching afterwards.
Indonesian: Universitas ditutup selama satu minggu, tetapi kemudian dilanjutkan kembali dengan pengajaran daring.
English: Other school services remain open, but teaching is restricted to distant learning.
Indonesian: Layanan sekolah lainnya tetap buka, tetapi pengajaran terbatas pada pembelajaran jarak jauh.
English: By 27 March, nearly 90 percent of the world's student population was out of class.
Indonesian: Per 27 Maret, hampir 90 persen populasi siswa di seluruh dunia tidak berada di kelas.
English: Regions with schools remaining open included Taiwan, Singapore, Australia, Sweden, and some U.S. states.
Indonesian: Wilayah dengan sekolah tetap buka mencakup Taiwan, Singapura, Australia, Swedia, dan beberapa negara bagian Amerika Serikat.
English: By 29 March, more than 1.5 billion children and other students were affected by nationwide school closures.
Indonesian: Per 29 Maret, lebih dari 1,5 miliar anak dan siswa terdampak oleh penutupan sekolah secara nasional.
English: Others were disrupted by localized closures.
Indonesian: Sejumlah lainnya terganggu oleh penutupan lokal.
English: Until April 6, holidays were extended in all secondary schools of Turkmenistan.
Indonesian: Hingga 6 April, liburan diperpanjang di semua sekolah menengah Turkmenistan.
English: An order signed by the Ministry of Education as a preventative measure aims to prevent the spread of respiratory diseases in connection with the WHO coronavirus pandemic.
Indonesian: Perintah yang ditandatangani oleh Kementrian Pendidikan sebagai tindakan pencegahan ini bertujuan untuk mencegah penyebaran penyakit pernapasan sehubungan dengan pandemi koronavirus WHO.
English: 10 countries have localised schools closures, UNESCO estimates 473,933,356 learners are potentially at risk (pre-primary to upper-secondary education) and 77,938,904 learners are potentially at risk in tertiary education.
Indonesian: 10 negara melakukan penutupan sekolah lokal, UNESCO memperkirakan 473.933.356 pelajar berpotensi berisiko terdampak (pendidikan prasekolah-dasar hingga menengah atas) dan 77.938.904 pelajar berpotensi berisiko terdampak di pendidikan tersier.
English: Note: Figures correspond to total number of learners enrolled at pre-primary, primary, lower-secondary, and upper-secondary levels of education [ISCED levels 0 to 3], as well as at tertiary education levels [ISCED levels 5 to 8] who could be affected should localised closures become countrywide.
Indonesian: Catatan: Angka berdasarkan jumlah total pelajar yang terdaftar di tingkat pendidikan prasekolah-dasar, sekolah dasar, menengah pertama, dan menengah atas [tingkat ISCED 0 hingga 3], serta di tingkat pendidikan tersier [tingkat ISCED 5 hingga 8] yang mungkin terdampak apabila penutupan lokal berubah menjadi nasional.
English: Enrolment figures based on latest UNESCO Institute of Statistics data.
Indonesian: Angka pendaftaran berdasarkan data terbaru dari Institusi Statistik UNESCO.
English: School closures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic have shed a light on numerous issues affecting access to education, as well as broader socio-economic issues.
Indonesian: Penutupan sekolah sebagai respons terhadap pandemi COVID-19 menyoroti berbagai masalah yang memengaruhi akses ke pendidikan, serta masalah sosial-ekonomi yang lebih luas.
English: As of March 12, more than 370 million children and youth are not attending school because of temporary or indefinite country wide school closures mandated by governments in an attempt to slow the spread of COVID-19.
Indonesian: Pada 12 Maret, lebih dari 370 juta anak dan remaja tidak bersekolah karena penutupan sekolah sementara atau tidak terbatas yang terjadi di seluruh negeri dan diamanatkan oleh pemerintah dalam upaya untuk memperlambat penyebaran COVID-19.
English: As of 29 March, nearly 90% of the world's learners were impacted by closures.Even when school closures are temporary, it carries high social and economic costs.
Indonesian: Per 29 Maret, hampir 90% pelajar di seluruh dunia terdampak oleh penutupan. Penutupan sekolah yang bersifat sementara sekalipun menyebabkan dampak sosial dan ekonomi yang tinggi.
English: The disruptions they cause affect people across communities, but their impact is more severe for disadvantaged children and their families including interrupted learning, compromised nutrition, childcare problems and consequent economic cost to families who cannot work.
Indonesian: Gangguan yang disebabkannya memengaruhi orang di semua komunitas, tetapi dampaknya paling parah bagi anak kurang beruntung dan keluarganya, yang mencakup gangguan belajar, gizi tidak memadai, masalah pengasuhan anak, dan konsekuensi ekonomi bagi keluarga yang tidak dapat bekerja.
English: Working parents are more likely to miss work when schools close in order to take care of their children, incurring wage loss in many instances and negatively impacting productivity.
Indonesian: Saat sekolah ditutup, orang tua yang bekerja kemungkinan harus membolos kerja untuk menjaga anaknya sehingga, dalam banyak kasus, menyebabkan kehilangan upah dan berdampak negatif pada produktivitas.