{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 464185021
| Name = 산화 철(III)<br>Iron(III) oxide
| ImageFile = Haematite-unit-cell-3D-balls.png
| ImageName = Haematite unit cell
| ImageFile1 = Iron(III)-oxide-sample.jpg
| ImageName1 = Sample of iron(III) oxide
| ImageFile2 = Pourbaix_Diagram_of_Iron.svg
| ImageName2 = Pourbaix Diagram of aqueous Iron
| IUPACName = Iron(III) oxide
| OtherNames = ferric oxide, [[hematite]], ferric iron, red iron oxide, rouge, [[maghemite]], colcothar, iron sesquioxide, [[rust]], [[ochre]]
| SystematicName = 
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 1309-37-1
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 14147
| UNII = 1K09F3G675
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| ChEBI = 50819
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| SMILES = O1[Fe]2O[Fe]1O2
| PubChem = 518696
| RTECS = NO7400000
| KEGG = C19424
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}
| InChI = 1/2Fe.3O/rFe2O3/c3-1-4-2(3)5-1
| InChIKey = JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-ZVGCCQCPAC
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|inchi}}
| StdInChI = 1S/2Fe.3O
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|inchi}}
| StdInChIKey = JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| EC_number = 215-168-2
| Gmelin = 11092
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Fe=2 | O=3
| Appearance = Red-brown solid
| Odor = Odorless
| Density = 5.25 g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name=crc/>
| MeltingPtC = 1539
| MeltingPt_ref =<ref name=crc>Haynes, p. 4.69</ref><br> decomposes<br> {{convert|105|C|F K}}<br> β-dihydrate, decomposes<br> {{convert|150|C|F K}}<br> β-monohydrate, decomposes<br> {{convert|50|C|F K}}<br> α-dihydrate, decomposes<br> {{convert|92|C|F K}}<br> α-monohydrate, decomposes<ref name=doc00>{{서적 인용|page = [https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofchem00comerich/page/433 433]|title = A Dictionary of Chemical Solubilities: Inorganic|url = https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofchem00comerich|edition = 2nd|first1 = Arthur Messinger|last1 = Comey|first2 = Dorothy A.|last2 = Hahn|place = New York|publisher = The MacMillan Company|date = February 1921}}</ref>
| Solubility = Insoluble
| SolubleOther = Soluble in diluted [[acid]]s,<ref name=crc /> [[sugar]] solution<br> Trihydrate slightly soluble in aq. [[tartaric acid]], [[citric acid]], [[acetic acid|CH<sub>3</sub>COOH]]<ref name=doc00 />
| MagSus = +3586.0·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
| RefractIndex = n<sub>1</sub>=2.91, n<sub>2</sub>=3.19 (α, hematite)<ref>Haynes, p. 4.141</ref>
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| CrystalStruct = [[Rhombohedral]], [[pearson symbol|hR30]] (α-form)<ref name=odnpa>{{서적 인용|page = 167|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=sY-0IGwimWkC&pg=PA167|title = One-Dimensional Nanostructures: Principles and Applications|editor-first = Tianyou|editor-last = Zhai|editor-first2 = Jiannian|editor-last2 = Yao|publisher = John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|year = 2013|place = Hoboken, New Jersey|isbn = 978-1-118-07191-5|website = John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|first1 = Yichuan|last1 = Ling|first2 = Damon A.|last2 = Wheeler|first3 = Jin Zhong|last3 = Zhang|first4 = Yat|last4 = Li}}</ref><br> [[cubic crystal system|Cubic]] bixbyite, cI80 (β-form)<br> Cubic spinel (γ-form)<br> [[orthorhombic crystal system|Orthorhombic]] (ε-form)<ref name="atmilab">{{웹 인용|url = http://atmilab.upol.cz/texty/ultrafine02.pdf|accessdate = 2014-07-12|title = Ultrafine Particles of Iron(III) Oxides by View of AFM – Novel Route for Study of Polymorphism in Nano-world|first1 = Milan|last1 = Vujtek|first2 = Radek|last2 = Zboril|first3 = Roman|last3 = Kubinek|first4 = Miroslav|last4 = Mashlan|place = Czech|website = Univerzity Palackého}}</ref>
| SpaceGroup = R3c, No. 161 (α-form)<ref name=odnpa /><br> Ia{{overline|3}}, No. 206 (β-form)<br> Pna2<sub>1</sub>, No. 33 (ε-form)<ref name="atmilab" />
| PointGroup = 3m (α-form)<ref name=odnpa /><br> 2/m {{overline|3}} (β-form)<br> mm2 (ε-form)<ref name="atmilab" />
| Coordination = [[octahedral molecular geometry|Octahedral]] (Fe<sup>3+</sup>, α-form, β-form)<ref name=odnpa />
  }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| Thermochemistry_ref =<ref name=crc2>Haynes, p. 5.12</ref>
| DeltaHf = −824.2 kJ/mol<ref name=crc2 />
| DeltaGf = −742.2 kJ/mol<ref name=crc2 />
| Entropy = 87.4 J/mol·K<ref name=crc2 />
| HeatCapacity = 103.9 J/mol·K<ref name=crc2 />
  }}
| Section5 = 
| Section6 = 
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS07}}<ref name="sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|id=529311|name=Iron(III) oxide|accessdate=2014-07-12}}</ref>
| GHSSignalWord = Warning
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|315|319|335}}<ref name="sigma" />
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|261|305+351+338}}<ref name="sigma" />
| NFPA-H = 0
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-S = 
| NFPA_ref =<ref name=leker >{{웹 인용|url = http://www.lesker.com/msds/pdfs/cd72f997d54d3bc42d09a34d6bdca56ebf2ea7fd3a31f08843ec5bd413.pdf|title = SDS of Iron(III) oxide|date = 2012-01-05|publisher = Kurt J Lesker Company Ltd.|place = England|accessdate = 2014-07-12|website = KJLC}}</ref>
| TLV-TWA = 5&nbsp;mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref name=crc />
| LD50 = 10 g/kg (rats, oral)<ref name=leker />
| PEL = TWA 10 mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0344}}</ref>
| IDLH = 2500 mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref name=PGCH/>
| REL = TWA 5 mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref name=PGCH/>
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[Iron(III) fluoride]]
| OtherCations = [[Manganese(III) oxide]]<br> [[Cobalt(III) oxide]]
| OtherFunction = [[Iron(II) oxide]]<br> [[Iron(II,III) oxide]]
| OtherFunction_label = [[iron oxides]]
  }}
}}

'''산화 철(III)''' (Iron(III) oxide, ferric oxide) 또는 '''삼산화이철'''(3산화2철) 또는 '''산화제이철'''<ref>한국물리학회 물리학용어집 https://www.kps.or.kr/content/voca/search.php?et=en&find_kw=ferric+oxide</ref>(산화제2철)은 [[산화 철]]의 일종으로, [[화학식]]은 Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>이다.

==구조==
===알파상===
알파상(alpha phase)

==== 적철석 ====
{{본문|적철석}}
천연으로는 [[적철석]](赤鐵石)으로서 널리 산출되며, 적색토양의 빛깔의 요인이다. 적갈색 분말로, 비중 4.5∼5.2, 녹는점 1,550℃, 흡유량(吸油量) 22∼75 %이다. 햇빛 ·공기 ·수분 ·열 등에 대하여 상당히 안정하며, 한번 가열한 것은 잘 녹지 않는다. 자성을 보인다. 철을 공기 속에서 가열하면 안 생긴다.

===감마상===
감마상(gamma phase)

===기타 고체상===
베타 단계(beta phase, β-phase)

엡실론 단계(epsilon (ε) phase)

===액체상===

== 수화철(III) 산화물 ==
==반응==
== 제조 ==
예전에는 황산철[綠礬]을 구워서 만들었으나, 최근에는 철강공업이나 도금공업의 폐액(廢液)에서 생긴 황산철을 원료로 하여 만든다. 제조법에 따라 적색인 것에서 황색 ·갈색 ·자색 ·흑색 등을 띠는데, 빛깔이 다른 원인으로서는 입자의 크기, 혼입물의 종류, 결정격자(結晶格子)의 완전성 등을 들 수 있다.

== 용도 ==
공업적으로는 벵갈라라는 적색 안료(顔料)로서, 또 유리 ·귀금속 ·다이아몬드의 연마재(硏磨材)로서 사용된다. 순도가 높은 것은 반도체로 사용되고, 또 마그넷 ·자기(磁氣)테이프의 원료로도 쓰인다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://terms.naver.com/entry.naver?docId=1108893&cid=40942&categoryId=32264|제목=[네이버 지식백과] 산화철 [iron oxide, 酸化鐵] (두산백과)}}</ref>

===철강산업===
===보석 및 렌즈 세공===
===그림 물감===
===자기 녹음===
===광촉매 작용===
===제약===

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[적철석]]
* [[산화 철]]
* [[산화 철(II)]]
* [[산화 철(II,III)]]
* [[철(III)]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0344.html NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards]

{{위키공용분류}}

{{토막글|화학}}

[[분류:전이 금속 산화물]]
[[분류:철(III) 화합물]]
[[분류:삼이산화물]]