{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{Infobox U.S. legislation
|name = 환자보호 및 부담적정보험법
|fullname = An act entitled The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
|acronym = PPACA, ACA
|nickname = 부담적정보험법 (Affordable Care Act), 의료보험 개혁법(Health Insurance Reform), 오바마케어 (Obamacare)
|enacted by = 111
|effective date = 2010년 3월 13일<br />대부분의 주요 조항은 2014년 1월부터 단계적으로 시행. 나머지 조항은 2020년까지 단계적으로 시행
|public law url = http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/granule/PLAW-111publ148/PLAW-111publ148/content-detail.html
|cite public law = 111–148
|cite statutes at large = {{USStat|124|1025}} (906 페이지)의 {{USStat|124|119}}
|acts amended =
|title amended =
|sections created =
|sections amended =
|leghisturl = http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d111:HR03590:@@@S
|introducedin = House
|introducedbill = '''the''' "Service Members Home Ownership Tax Act of 2009" ({{USBill|111|H.R.|3590}})
|introducedby = [[찰스 B. 레갈|찰스 레갈]] ([[민주당 (미국)|D]]–[[뉴욕주|NY]])
|introduceddate = 2009년 9월 17일
|committees = [[미국 세입 하원위원회|세입]]
|passedbody1 = House
|passedas1 = "Service Members Home Ownership Tax Act of 2009"
|passeddate1 = 2009년 10월 8일
|passedvote1 = [http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2009/roll768.xml 416–0]
|passedbody2 = Senate
|passedas2 = "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act"
|passeddate2 = 2009년 12월 24일
|passedvote2 = [http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=111&session=1&vote=00396 60–39]
|agreedbody3 = House
|agreeddate3 = 2010년 3월 21일
|agreedvote3 = [http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2010/roll165.xml 219–212]
|signedpresident = [[버락 오바마]]
|signeddate = 2010년 3월 23일
|amendments = [[2010년 보건의료 및 교육조정법]]<br />Comprehensive 1099 Taxpayer Protection and Repayment of Exchange Subsidy Overpayments Act of 2011
|SCOTUS cases = [[미국 자영업 연맹 대 시벨리우스]] [[부르웰 대 호비 로비]]
}}

'''환자보호 및 부담적정보험법'''(Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, '''PPACA'''),<ref>{{USPL|111|148}}, {{USStat|124|119}}, codified as amended at scattered sections of the [[Internal Revenue Code]] and in [[Title 42 of the United States Code|42 U.S.C.]]</ref><ref name=PPACA2010>{{웹 인용|title=Public Law 111–148|publisher=[[United States Government Printing Office]]|location=Washington, D.C.|date= 2010년 3월 23일|url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/granule/PLAW-111publ148/PLAW-111publ148/content-detail.html|work=[[111th United States Congress]]|accessdate=2013-12-22}}</ref>은 [[2010년]] [[3월 23일]] [[미국의 대통령]] [[버락 오바마]]가 서명하여 발효한 [[미국의 법|미국 연방법]]이다. 줄여서 '''부담적정보험법'''(Affordable Care Act, '''ACA'''), 혹은 '''오바마케어'''(Obamacare)<ref name="CNN20120625Obamacare">{{뉴스 인용|url=http://www.cnn.com/2012/06/25/politics/obamacare-word-debate/|title='Obamacare': The word that defined the health care debate|last=Wallace|first=Gregory|date=June 25, 2012|publisher=CNN|accessdate=September 4, 2012}}</ref>라는 명칭으로도 불린다. 부담적정보험법은 [[2010년 보건의료 및 교육조정법]]과 함께,<ref>{{USPL|111|152}}, {{USStat|124|1029}}, codified as amended at scattered sections of the Internal Revenue Code and in 42 U.S.C., 19 U.S.C., and 20 U.S.C.</ref> 미국에서 1965년 [[메디케어 (미국)|메디케어]]와 [[메디케이드]] 이후 가장 주요한 [[미국의 의료 보험 제도]] 정비였다.<ref name="overhaul">{{뉴스 인용 |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/06/28/usa-healthcare-court-idUSL2E8HS4WG20120628 |title=US top court upholds healthcare law in Obama triumph |publisher=Reuters |first=James |last=Vicini |first2=Jonathan |last2=Stempel |date=2012년 6월 28일 |확인날짜=2014년 11월 9일 |archive-date=2014년 8월 13일 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813161302/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/06/28/usa-healthcare-court-idUSL2E8HS4WG20120628 }}</ref>

2012년 이후로 이 법에 의해서, 회사들은 다음을 할 수 없는데 그것은 개인의 [보험] 처리를, 그들이 아플 때 그 사람이 그들의 신청서에 했던 실수 때문에 탈락시키는 것, 혹은 개인이 아프다면 회사들이 얼마나 많은 치료를 지원할 것인지에 대한 생애 한도를 정하는 것이고, 2014년 이후로 회사들은 기존의 상태에 기반한 [보험]처리를 거부하거나, 개인이 아프다면 회사들이 얼마나 많은 치료를 지원할 것인지에 대한 그 해의 상한선을 둘 수 없다.

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[메디케이드]]
* [[보편적 건강보장]]
== 각주 ==
{{각주|30em}}

== 추가 자료 ==
* {{서적 인용|author=Barr, Donald A. |title=Introduction to U.S. Health Policy: The Organization, Financing, and Delivery of Health Care in America|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=yZLJrmNoEzkC|year= 2011|publisher=JHU Press|isbn=9781421402185}}
* {{서적 인용|author=CCH|title=Law, Explanation and Analysis of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act: Including Reconciliation Act Impact|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=tCTt0sq2vaEC|year=2010|publisher=CCH Incorporated|isbn=9780808022879}} 1183pp
* {{서적 인용|author= Feldman, Arthur M.|title=Understanding Health Care Reform: Bridging the Gap Between Myth and Reality|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=dSszUQPKSZIC|year=2011|publisher=CRC Press|isbn= 9781439879481}}
* {{서적 인용|author1=Jacobs, Lawrence R.|author2=Theda Skocpol|title=Health Care Reform and American Politics|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=VcsmJybD32wC|year=2010|publisher=Oxford U.P.|isbn=9780199781423}}
* {{서적 인용|author=John E. McDonough|title=Inside National Health Reform|url=https://archive.org/details/insidenationalhe00mcdo|publisher = University of California Press|date= 2011년 8월 2일|isbn=9780520270190}}
*
; Preliminary CBO documents
* [http://www.cbo.gov/doc.cfm?index=10868 Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act, Incorporating The Manager's Amendment] − December 19, 2009
** Effects Of The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act On The Federal Budget And The Balance In The Hospital Insurance Trust Fund (December 23, 2009)
** Estimated Effect Of The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act (Incorporating The Manager's Amendment) On The Hospital Insurance Trust Fund (December 23, 2009)
* [http://cbo.gov/doc.cfm?index=10731 Base Analysis&nbsp;– H.R. 3590, Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act], − November 18, 2009.<br />↑ <small>(The Additional and/or Related CBO reporting that follows can be accessed from the above link)</small>
** Estimated Distribution Of Individual Mandate Penalties (November 20, 2009)
** Estimated Effects On Medicare Advantage Enrollment And Benefits Not Covered By Medicare (November 21, 2009)
** Estimated Effects On The Status Of The Hospital Insurance Trust Fund (November 21, 2009)
** Estimated Average Premiums Under Current Law (December 5, 2009)
** Additional Information About Employment-Based Coverage (December 7, 2009)
** Budgetary Treatment Of Proposals To Regulate Medical Loss Ratios (December 13, 2009)

; [[Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services]] (CMS) Estimates of the impact of P.L. 111-148
* [https://www.cms.gov/ActuarialStudies/downloads/PPACA_2010-04-22.pdf Estimated Financial Effects of the "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act," as Amended]. April 22, 2010.
* [https://www.cms.gov/ActuarialStudies/Downloads/PPACA_Medicare_2010-04-22.pdf Estimated Effects of the "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act," as Amended, on the Year of Exhaustion for the Part A Trust Fund, Part B Premiums, and Part A and Part B Coinsurance Amounts]. April 22, 2010.

; [[Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services]] (CMS) Estimates of the impact of H.R. 3590
* [http://www.cms.gov/ActuarialStudies/Downloads/S_PPACA_2009-12-10.pdf Estimated Financial Effects of the "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2009," as Proposed by the Senate Majority Leader on November 18, 2009]. December 10, 2009.
* [http://www.cms.gov/ActuarialStudies/Downloads/S_PPACA_Medicare_2009-12-10.pdf Estimated Effects of the "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act" on the Year of Exhaustion for the Part A Trust Fund, Part B Premiums, and Part A and Part B Coinsurance Amounts]. December 10, 2009.

; Senate Finance Committee Meetings
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20131203003509/http://www.c-spanvideo.org/videoLibrary/search-results.php?organization=%22Finance%22&organization=%22Senate+Committee%22&date-from=01%2F06%2F2009&date-to=01%2F02%2F2011 Senate Finance Committee Hearings for the 111th Congress recorded by C-SPAN]; also available from [https://web.archive.org/web/20130111185729/http://www.finance.senate.gov/hearings/index.cfm?PageNum_rs=1&maxrows=100 Finance.Senate.Gov (accessed April 1, 2012).]

== 외부 링크 ==
{{외부 링크|날짜=2019-11-20}}
; 온라인 또는 다운로드를 통해 볼 수 있는 법안 사본
* [http://docs.house.gov/energycommerce/ppacacon.pdf PDF] of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ("PPACA"; Public Law 111–148) ''<u>after</u>'' consolidating the amendments made by Title X of PPACA itself and by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 ("HCERA"; Public Law 111–152) into one revision.
* [http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ148/content-detail.html Plain Text or PDF formats of H. R. 3590 (Public Law 111-148)], as engrossed or passed by the Senate and printed via [[Federal Digital System|FDsys]].
* The [http://dpc.senate.gov/dpcissue-sen_health_care_bill.cfm Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act], full text, summary, background, provisions and more, via Democratic Policy Committee (Senate.gov)
* [http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d111:HR03590:@@@L&summ2=m&summary Summary of H.R. 3590]{{깨진 링크|url=http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d111:HR03590:@@@L&summ2=m&summary }} (March 23, 2010) via [[THOMAS]].
* [http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/111/hr3590 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (2010; 111th Congress H.R. 3590)] entry at [[GovTrack]]
* [http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-111publ148/pdf/PLAW-111publ148.pdf The law as published by the U.S. Government Printing Office]
; 기타 외부 링크
* [http://www.wtsp.com/video/1711079319001/1/Archive-video-Obama-signs-health-care-bill Video: Obama signs Healthcare Bill]
* [http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/11pdf/11-393c3a2.pdf Supreme Court Ruling on the ACA-June 28, 2012]
* [http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2012/06/28/remarks-president-supreme-court-ruling-affordable-care-act Remarks by the President on Supreme Court Ruling on the Affordable Care Act-June 28, 2012]
* [http://www.healthcare.gov/ HealthCare.gov] – Department of Health and Human Services website on the law
* {{NYTtopic|organizations/s/supreme_court/affordable_care_act/|Affordable Care Act}}
* {{WSJtopic|subject/H/health-reform/1662|Health Reform}}
* [http://edition.cnn.com/2012/03/26/health/health-care-reform-interactive/index.html?iid=article_sidebar Basics: Health care reform issues] as provided by Emily Smith from ''[[CNN]]'' June 25, 2012
* [http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R43289.pdf Legislative Actions to Repeal, Defund, or Delay the Affordable Care Act] [[Congressional Research Service]]
* [http://edition.cnn.com/2012/06/17/politics/health-care-timeline/index.html?iid=article_sidebar Timeline of the health care law] as provided by ''[[CNN]]'' June 17, 2012
* Kaiser Family Foundation: [http://healthreform.kff.org/SubsidyCalculator.aspx Health Reform Subsidy Calculator] {{웨이백|url=http://healthreform.kff.org/SubsidyCalculator.aspx |date=20130422185025 }} – Premium Assistance for Coverage in Exchanges/Gateways
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140702224049/http://www.castlibrary.com/free_books Three Days of Argument: Obamacare On Trial Audiobook] – Complete coverage of the arguments to the Supreme Court regarding Obamacare
* [http://www.cbsnews.com/feature/obamacare/ Obamacare] coverage by ''[[CBSnews]]''
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20131203020608/http://bangordailynews.com/2012/06/28/politics/supreme-court-ruling-caps-a-century-of-american-debate-over-how-to-get-medical-care-for-all/print/ Supreme Court ruling caps a century of American debate over how to get medical care for all] An [[Associated Press]] timeline published in various national newspapers on June 28, 2012, briefly listing key events in a century of debate over what role the government should play in helping people in the United States afford medical care.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141109133053/http://www.healthreformgps.org/ HealthReformGPS.org] – Tracking and explanation of the law – as it is implemented – by analysts at the Hirsh Health Law and Policy program of the George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services.
* "Lines Crossed: Separation of Church and State. Has the Obama Administration Trampled on Freedom of Religion and Freedom of Conscience?" Hearing before the Congressional [[Committee on Oversight and Government Reform]] February 16, 2012
** [https://www.democracynow.org/2012/2/17/where_are_the_women_lawmakers_walk '"Where Are the Women?": Lawmakers Walk Out on Contraception Rule Hearing After Female Witness Barred'] ''[[Democracy Now!]]'' February 17, 2012

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:2009년 법]]
[[분류:2010년 법]]
[[분류:버락 오바마 행정부]]
[[분류:제111대 미국 의회]]
[[분류:2010년 3월]]