{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477001336
| Name = 
| ImageFile = 
| ImageFile1 = PETN.svg
| ImageAlt1 = Skeletal formula
| ImageFile2 = PETN-from-xtal-2006-3D-balls-B.png
| ImageAlt2 = Ball-and-stick model
| ImageFile3 = Pentaerythritol tetranitrate 05.jpg
| ImageAlt3 = Pentaerythritol tetranitrate after crystalization from acetone
| ImageSize3 = 235px
| PIN = 2,2-Bis[(nitrooxy)methyl]propane-1,3-diyl dinitrate
| SystematicName = 
| OtherNames = [3-Nitrooxy-2,2-bis(nitrooxymethyl)propyl] nitrate
| IUPACName = 
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
 | CASNo = 78-11-5
 | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
 | UNII = 10L39TRG1Z
 | PubChem = 6518
 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
 | ChemSpiderID = 6271
 | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
 | ChEMBL = 466659
 | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
 | StdInChI = 1S/C5H8N4O12/c10-6(11)18-1-5(2-19-7(12)13,3-20-8(14)15)4-21-9(16)17/h1-4H2
 | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
 | StdInChIKey = TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
 | SMILES = C(C(CO[N+](=O)[O-])(CO[N+](=O)[O-])CO[N+](=O)[O-])O[N+](=O)[O-]
 | InChI = InChI=1S/C5H8N4O12/c10-6(11)18-1-5(2-19-7(12)13,3-20-8(14)15)4-21-9(16)17/h1-4H2
 }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
 | C=5 | H=8 | N=4 | O=12
 | Appearance = White crystalline solid<ref name=army1>{{저널 인용|url=http://chppm-www.apgea.army.mil/erawg/tox/files/WTA%28PETN%29_FINAL.pdf|title=Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for pentaerythritol tetranitrate|date=November 2001|publisher=U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine|access-date=2020-10-31|archive-date=2022-10-09|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://chppm-www.apgea.army.mil/erawg/tox/files/WTA%28PETN%29_FINAL.pdf|url-status=}}</ref>
 | MolarMass = 316.137
 | Density = 1.77 g/cm<sup>3</sup> at 20 °C
 | MeltingPtC = 141.3
 | BoilingPtC = 180
 | BoilingPt_notes = (decomposes above {{convert|150|C|F}})
 | Solubility =
 }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Explosive
 | ShockSens = Medium
 | FrictionSens = Medium
 | DetonationV = 8400 m/s (density 1.7 g/cm<sup>3</sup>)
 | REFactor = 1.66}}
 | Section4 = {{Chembox Hazards
 | GHSPictograms = {{GHS06}} {{GHS01}} {{GHS health hazard}}
 | GHSSignalWord = '''Danger'''
 | HPhrases = {{H-phrases|201|302|316|370|373|241}}
 | PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|250|261|264|301+312|372|401|501|370+380}}
 | NFPA-F = 1
 | NFPA-H = 2
 | NFPA-R = 3
 | FlashPt =
 | AutoignitionPtC = 190
 }}
| Section5 = {{Chembox Pharmacology
 | ATCCode_prefix = C01
 | ATCCode_suffix = DA05
 | AdminRoutes =
 | Bioavail =
 | Metabolism =
 | HalfLife =
 | ProteinBound =
 | Excretion =
 | Legal_status =
 | Legal_US =
 | Legal_UK =
 | Legal_AU =
 | Legal_CA =
 | Pregnancy_category =
 | Pregnancy_AU =
 | Pregnancy_US = 
 }}
| Section6 = 
}}
'''펜타에리트리톨 테트라니트레이트'''(Pentaerythritol tetranitrate, PETN)는 가장 강력한 폭발물 중 하나이다. [[R.E 계수]]는 1.66이다.

PETN은 충격과 열에 매우 민감하며, 폭발속도는 초당 8,300~8,400m이다. 아세톤에 잘 용해되며, 141C에서 녹기 시작한다.

== 쓰임 ==
PETN은 누구나 쉽게 알아볼 수 있다. PETN 50%와 TNT 50%를 혼합한 Pentolite가 있고 , RDX와 PETN을 혼합한 Semtex가 있다. 또 TNT보다 강력하여, 메인폭약으로 잘 쓰인다.

== 제조 ==
제조는 간단하다. PETN은 펜타에리트리톨을 혼산(고농도의 [[질산]]과 고농도의 [[황산]]의)에 넣어서 합성한다.
:C(CH2OH)4 + 4HNO3 → C(CH2ONO2)4 + 4H2O

== 특성 ==
* '''CAS''' : 78-11-5
* '''분자식''' : C5H8N4O12
* '''밀도''' : 1.77g/cm3 (20C)
* '''녹는점''' : 141C (286F)
* '''폭발속도''' : 8400M/s
* '''RE계수''' : 1.66
* '''폭연점''' : 190C

== 같이 보기 ==
{{위키공용분류}}
* [[트라이나이트로톨루엔]]
* [[테트릴]]
* [[RDX]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

[[분류:질산염]]
[[분류:폭발물]]
[[분류:항협심증제]]
[[분류:질산 에스터]]