{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:Agc_view.jpg|섬네일|아폴로 가이던스 컴퓨터와 DSKY]]
'''아폴로 가이던스 컴퓨터'''(Apollo Guidance Computer, '''AGC''')는 [[아폴로 사령기계선]](CM)과 [[아폴로 달 착륙선]](LM)에 장착된 [[아폴로 계획]]용으로 제작된 디지털 [[컴퓨터]]이다. AGC는 우주선의 안내, 탐색 및 제어를 위한 계산 및 전자 인터페이스를 제공했다. AGC는 실리콘 집적 회로를 기반으로 한 최초의 컴퓨터였다. 컴퓨터의 성능은 [[애플 II]], [[TRS-80]], [[코모도어 PET]] 등 1970년대 후반의 1세대 [[가정용 컴퓨터]]와 비슷했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|date=11 March 2017 |title=How did the Apollo flight computers get men to the moon and back ? |url=http://curious-droid.com/214/apollo-flight-computers-get-men-moon-back/}}</ref>

AGC의 [[워드 (컴퓨팅)]] 길이는 16비트이며 데이터 비트는 15개, [[패리티 비트]]는 1개이다. AGC의 소프트웨어 대부분은 코어 로프 메모리라고 하는 특수 읽기 전용 메모리에 저장된다. 이 메모리는 자기 코어를 통과하고 그 주위에 와이어를 엮는 방식으로 만들어지지만 소량의 읽기/쓰기 코어 메모리도 사용할 수 있다.

우주 비행사는 DSKY("디스플레이 및 키보드", "display and keyboard", "DIS-kee"로 발음)라는 숫자 디스플레이와 키보드를 사용하여 AGC와 통신했다. AGC와 DSKY 사용자 인터페이스는 1960년대 초 [[찰스 스타크 드레이퍼 연구소|MIT 계측 연구소]]에서 아폴로 계획을 위해 개발되었으며 1966년에 처음 비행했다.
== 출처 ==
* {{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gXYItzQARVoC&pg=PP1|title=Digital Apollo: Human and Machine in Spaceflight|last=Mindell|first=David A.|publisher=The MIT Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-262-26668-0|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts}}

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* [http://authors.library.caltech.edu/5456/01/hrst.mit.edu/hrs/apollo/public/archive/1689.pdf ''AGC4 Memo #9, Block II Instructions''] – The infamous memo that served as de facto official documentation of the instruction set
* [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/computers/Ch2-5.html ''Computers in Spaceflight: The NASA Experience''] – By James Tomayko (Chapter 2, Part 5, ''The Apollo guidance computer: Hardware'')
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040719084435/http://www.dfrc.nasa.gov/History/Publications/PDF/DFBW.pdf ''Computers Take Flight''] – By James Tomayko
* [http://klabs.org/history/history_docs/ech/agc_scott.pdf ''The Apollo Guidance Computer - A Users View''] ([[Portable Document Format|PDF]]) – By David Scott, Apollo mission astronaut
* [http://www.klabs.org/mapld04/papers/g/g202_portillo_p.pdf ''Lunar Module Attitude Controller Assembly Input Processing''] ([[Portable Document Format|PDF]]) – By José Portillo Lugo, History of Technology
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070612155102/http://authors.library.caltech.edu/5456/01/hrst.mit.edu/hrs/apollo/public/ The MIT AGC Project] – With comprehensive document archive
** [http://authors.library.caltech.edu/5456/01/hrst.mit.edu/groups/apollo/bibliography/q-and-a-fetch-comments.tcl_lastquestion_id=00016K&topic_id=11&topic=Document%20Library&entryformat=S&sortorder=author.html Luminary software source code listing], for Lunar Module guidance computer. (nb. 622 Mb)
** [http://authors.library.caltech.edu/5456/01/hrst.mit.edu/groups/apollo/bibliography/q-and-a-fetch-comments.tcl_lastquestion_id=000156&topic_id=11&topic=Document%20Library&entryformat=S&sortorder=author.html Colossus software source code listing], for Command Module guidance computer. (nb. 83 Mb)
* [https://archive.today/20110807043850/http://collections.nasm.si.edu/code/emuseum.asp?style=browse&currentrecord=1&page=search&profile=objects&searchdesc=A19720340000&quicksearch=A19720340000&newvalues=1&newstyle=single&newcurrentrecord=1 National Air and Space Museum's AGC Block I] and [https://archive.today/20110807043856/http://collections.nasm.si.edu/code/emuseum.asp?style=browse&currentrecord=1&page=search&profile=objects&searchdesc=A19760811000&quicksearch=A19760811000&newvalues=1&newstyle=single&newcurrentrecord=1 Dsky]
* [http://authors.library.caltech.edu/5456/01/hrst.mit.edu/hrs/apollo/public/blairsmith3.htm Annotations to Eldon Hall's Journey to the Moon] – An AGC system programmer discusses some obscure details of the development of AGC, including specifics of Ed's Interrupt
* [http://klabs.org/history/ech/ic_packages/index.htm AGC Integrated Circuit Packages]
* [http://klabs.org/history/history_docs/integrated_circuits/ic4-po.pdf Integrated Circuits in the Apollo Guidance Computer]
* [https://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Delco Electronics, Apollo 15] - Manual for CSM and LEM AGC software used on the Apollo 15 mission, including detailed user interface procedures, explanation of many underlying algorithms and limited hardware information. Note that this document has over 500 pages and is over 150 megabytes in size.
* [http://googlecode.blogspot.com/2009/07/apollo-11-missions-40th-anniversary-one.html Source code] for Command Module code (Comanche054) and Lunar Module code (Luminary099) as text.
* [https://github.com/chrislgarry/Apollo-11/ GitHub Complete Source Code] Original Apollo 11 Guidance Computer (AGC) source code for the command and lunar modules.
* [http://klabs.org/history/build_agc/ AGC Replica] – John Pultorak's successful project to build a hardware replica of the Block I AGC in his basement. Mirror site: [https://web.archive.org/web/20110222113340/http://echoesofapollo.com/resources/apollo-guidance-computer/ AGC Replica].
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC Home Page] – Ronald Burkey's AGC simulator, plus source and binary code recovery for the Colossus (CSM) and Luminary (LEM) SW.
* [http://www.svtsim.com/moonjs/agc.html Moonjs] – A web-based AGC simulator based on Virtual AGC.
* [http://www.eaglelander3d.com/ Eagle Lander 3D] Shareware Lunar Lander Simulator with a working AGC and DSKY (Windows only).
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bh_gP5aF3ys AGC restarted 45 years later] – youtube
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ndvmFlg1WmE ''Computer for Apollo''](1965) [[MIT]] Science Reporter – youtube
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8148730.stm Weaving the way to the Moon] (BBC News)
* [https://www.wsj.com/video/restorers-try-to-get-lunar-module-guidance-computer-up-and-running/55526F08-0CC6-4CF7-9BCC-6BE6A20FE31C.html Restorers try to get lunar module guidance computer up and running] (Wall Street Journal)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIBhPsyYCiM ''Computer for Apollo'' video] – youtube
{{프로세서 기술}}
[[분류:아폴로 계획 하드웨어]]
[[분류:어셈블리어 소프트웨어]]
[[분류:매사추세츠 공과대학교]]
[[분류:1975년 폐지]]
[[분류:16비트 컴퓨터]]