{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:Wadada Leo Smith.jpg|섬네일|와다다 리오 스미스의 모습]]

'''이스마일 와다다 리오 스미스'''({{Llang|en|Ishmael Wadada Leo Smith}}, [[1941년]] [[12월 18일]]~)는 미국의 트럼펫 연주자이자 작곡가로 [[아방가르드 재즈]]와 자유즉흥연주(Free improvisation)를 주로 한다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/wadada-leo-smith-mn0000812348/biography|title=Wadada Leo Smith &#124; Biography|date=1941-12-18|publisher=AllMusic|access-date=2014-03-23}}</ref> 2012년에 발매한 “[[Ten Freedom Summers]]”로 2013년 [[퓰리처상 음악 부문]]의 최종 후보 세 작품 중 하나로 선정되었다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.pulitzer.org/citation/2013-Music|title=The Pulitzer Prizes &#124; Citation|publisher=Pulitzer.org|access-date=2014-03-23}}</ref>

== 생애 ==
스미스는 [[미시시피주]]의 릴런드에서 태어났다. 트럼펫을 연주하기 전에는 드럼, [[멜로폰]], [[호른|프렌치 호른]] 등을 배웠다. 다양한 R&B 그룹에서 활동하였으며, 1967년에는 AACM과 [[리로이 젱킨스]], 앤서니 브랙스턴과 함께 트리오를 결성하여 공동으로 크리에이티브 컨스트럭션 컴퍼니를 만들었다. 1971년에는 자신의 레이블인 카벨을 설립하였다. 또한 뉴 달타 아크리(New Dalta Ahkri)에서 헨리 스레드질, 앤서니 데이비스, 올리버 레이크 등과 함께 활동하였다.

1970년대 스미스는 [[웨슬리언 대학교]]에서 [[민족음악학]]을 공부하였다. 그리고 앤서니 브랙스턴과 다시 연주를 시작하면서 데릭 베일리의 컴퍼니(Company)로 함께 녹음을 하였다. 1980년대 중반에는 [[라스타파리 운동]]에 참여하면서 와다다라는 이름을 사용하기 시작하였다. 1993년에는 [[캘리포니아 인스티튜트 오브 디 아츠]]에서 2014년까지 학생을 가르치기 시작하였다. 추가로 트럼펫과 플루겔호른 외에도 스미스는 [[고토 (악기)|고토]], [[음비라|칼림바]], 아텐테벤(가나의 배나무 플루트) 등을 연주할 수 있다.

1998년, 스미스와 기타리스트 헨리 카이저는 “Yo Miles!”를 발매하였다. [[마일스 데이비스]]가 당시엔 잘 알려지지 않았던 1970년대의 전기 악기를 시도한 것에 대한 헌정 음반으로, 이 음반에서 스미스와 카이저를 포함해 많은 음악가들이 마일스의 전기 음악에 영감을 받은 노래를 녹음하였다.

== 디스코그래피 ==

* 1972: ''Creative Music - 1'' (Kabell)
* 1975: ''Reflectativity'' (Kabell)
* 1977: ''Song of Humanity'' (Kabell)
* 1978: ''The Mass on the World'' (Moers)
* 1979: ''Solo Music: Ahkreanvention'' (Kabell)
* 1979: ''Divine Love'' (ECM)
* 1979: ''Budding of a Rose'' (Moers)
* 1979: ''Spirit Catcher'' (Nessa)
* 1980: ''Touch the Earth'' (FMP)
* 1982: ''Go in Numbers'' (Black Saint)
* 1983: ''If You Want the Kernels You Have to Break the Shells'' (FMP)
* 1982: ''Human Rights'' (Kabell)
* 1983: ''Procession of the Great Ancestry'' (Nessa, 1989)
* 1983: ''Rastafari'' (Sackville)
* 1993: ''Kulture Jazz'' (ECM)
* 1996: ''Tao-Njia'' (Tzadik)
* 1997: ''Golden Hearts Remembrance''<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://chapchaprecords.bandcamp.com/album/wadada-leo-smith-and-nda-kulture-golden-hearts-remembrance|title=Wadada Leo Smith And N'da Kulture:Golden Hearts Remembrance, by Chap Chap Records|website=Chap Chap Records|access-date=2021-03-07}}</ref> with N'da Kulture (Chap Chap, 2020)
* 1997: ''Prataksis'' (Ninewinds)
* 1998: ''Condor, Autumn Wind'' (Wobbly Rail)
* 1999: ''Light Upon Light'' (Tzadik)
* 2000: ''Reflectativity'' (Tzadik)
* 2000: ''Golden Quartet'' (Tzadik)
* 2001: ''Red Sulphur Sky'' (Tzadik)
* 2002: ''The Year of the Elephant''<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://wadadaleosmith.bandcamp.com/album/the-year-of-the-elephant|title=The Year of The Elephant, by Wadada Leo Smith's Golden Quartet|website=Wadada Leo Smith|access-date=2021-03-07}}</ref> (Pi)
* 2002: ''Luminous Axis'' (Tzadik)
* 2003: ''Organic Resonance'' (Pi)
* 2004: ''Lake Biwa'' (Tzadik)
* 2004: ''Saturn, Conjunct the Grand Canyon in a Sweet Embrace'' (Pi)
* 2005: ''Snakish'' (Leo)
* 2006: ''Compassion'' (Meta/Kabell)
* 2007: ''Wisdom in Time''<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://guenterbabysommer.bandcamp.com/album/wisdom-in-time|title=Wisdom in Time, by WADADA LEO SMITH|website=Günter Baby Sommer|access-date=2021-03-07}}</ref> (Intakt)
* 2008: ''Tabligh'' (Cuneiform)
* 2009: ''America'' (Tzadik)
* 2009: ''Spiritual Dimensions'' (Cuneiform)
* 2009: ''Abbey Road Quartet'' (Treader)
* 2010: ''The Blue Mountain's Sun Drummer'' (Kabell)
* 2011: ''Heart's Reflections'' (Cuneiform)
* 2011: ''Dark Lady of the Sonnets'' (TUM)
* 2011: ''Nessuno''<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://idischidiangelica.bandcamp.com/album/nessuno|title=Nessuno, by Pauline Oliveros + Roscoe Mitchell + John Tilbury + Wadada Leo Smith (IDA 035 – 2016)|website=i dischi di angelica|access-date=2021-03-07}}</ref> with Pauline Oliveros Roscoe Mitchell John Tilbury (IDA 035 – 2016)
* 2012: ''[[Ten Freedom Summers]]''<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://cuneiformrecords.bandcamp.com/album/ten-freedom-summers-2|title=Ten Freedom Summers, by Wadada Leo Smith|website=Cuneiform Records|access-date=2021-03-07}}</ref> (Cuneiform)
* 2012: ''Ancestors'' (TUM)
* 2013: ''Occupy the World'' (TUM)
* 2014: ''Sonic Rivers'' (Tzadik) with George Lewis and John Zorn
* 2014: ''Red Hill''<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://joemorrisritiglacialeratic.bandcamp.com/album/red-hill|title=Red Hill, by Wadada Leo Smith / Jamie Saft / Joe Morris / Balazs Pandi|website=Joe Morris / Riti / Glacial Erratic|access-date=2021-03-07}}{{깨진 링크|url=https://joemorrisritiglacialeratic.bandcamp.com/album/red-hill }}</ref> (RareNoise) with Jamie Saft, Joe Morris and Balazs Pandi
* 2014: ''The Great Lakes Suites'' (TUM)
* 2014: ''June 6th 2013'' (Novara Jazz) with Eco D'Alberi
* 2015: ''Celestial Weather'' (TUM) with John Lindberg
* 2016: ''A Cosmic Rhythm with Each Stroke'' (ECM) with Vijay Iyer
* 2016: ''America's National Parks''<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://cuneiformrecords.bandcamp.com/album/americas-national-parks|title=America's National Parks, by Wadada Leo Smith|website=Cuneiform Records|access-date=2021-03-07}}</ref> (Cuneiform)
* 2017: ''Najwa'' (TUM)
* 2017: ''Solo: Reflections and Meditations on Monk'' (TUM)
* 2017: ''Aspiration''<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://satokofujii.bandcamp.com/album/aspiration|title=Aspiration, by Satoko Fujii, Wadada Leo Smith, Natsuki Tamura, Ikue Mori|website=Satoko Fujii|access-date=2021-03-07}}</ref> with Satoko Fujii, Natsuki Tamura, Ikue Mori
* 2018: ''Lebroba''<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://ecmrecords.bandcamp.com/album/lebroba|title=Lebroba, by Andrew Cyrille, Wadada Leo Smith, Bill Frisell|website=ECM Records|access-date=2021-03-07|archive-date=2021-01-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126210209/https://ecmrecords.bandcamp.com/album/lebroba|url-status=}}</ref> (ECM) with Andrew Cyrille and Bill Frisell
* 2018: ''The Haunt''<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://nobusinessrecords.bandcamp.com/album/the-haunt|title=The Haunt, by Bobby Naughton, Wadada Leo Smith, Perry Robinson|website=NoBusiness Records|access-date=2021-03-07}}</ref> with Bobby Naughton and Perry Robinson
* 2020: ''Pacific Light and Water/Wu Xing – Cycle of Destruction''<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://barryschrader.bandcamp.com/album/pacific-light-and-water-wu-xing-cycle-of-destruction|title=Pacific Light and Water/Wu Xing – Cycle of Destruction, by Wadada Leo Smith / Barry Schrader|website=Barry Schrader|access-date=2021-03-07}}</ref> with Barry Schrader
* 2021: ''Sun Beans of Shimmering Light''<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://smithewartreed.bandcamp.com/album/sun-beans-of-shimmering-light|title=Sun Beans of Shimmering Light, by Wadada Leo Smith / Douglas R. Ewart / Mike Reed|website=Wadada Leo Smith / Douglas R. Ewart / Mike Reed|access-date=2021-03-07}}</ref> with Douglas Ewart Mike Reed (musician)

=== 컴필레이션 ===

* ''Kabell Years: 1971-1979'' (Tzadik, 2004) – collects ''Creative Music – 1'', ''Reflectativity'', ''Song of Humanity'', and ''Solo Music: Ahkreanvention'' along with additional material

=== 사이드맨 ===
'''With Muhal Richard Abrams'''

* ''Young at Heart/Wise in Time'' (Delmark, 1974)

'''With Marion Brown'''

* ''Geechee Recollections'' (Impulse!, 1973)

'''With Anthony Braxton'''

* ''3 Compositions of New Jazz'' (Delmark, 1968)
* ''Silence'' (Freedom, 1969 [1975]) with Leroy Jenkins
* ''Anthony Braxton'' (BYG Actuel, 1969)
* ''This Time...'' (BYG Actuel, 1970)
* ''Trio and Duet'' (Sackville, 1974)
* ''Creative Orchestra Music 1976'' (Arista, 1976)
* ''Creative Orchestra (Köln) 1978'' (hatART, 1978 [1995])

'''With Creative Construction Company'''

* ''Creative Construction Company'' (Muse, 1970 [1975])
* ''Creative Construction Company Vol. II'' (Muse, 1970 [1976])

'''With Andrew Cyrille'''

* ''Lebroba'' (ECM, 2018)

'''With Henry Kaiser'''

* ''Yo, Miles!<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://henrykaiser.bandcamp.com/album/yo-miles-lightning|title=YO MILES! Lightning, by Henry Kaiser, Wadada Leo Smith|website=Henry Kaiser|access-date=2021-03-07}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://henrykaiser.bandcamp.com/album/yo-miles-shinjuku|title=YO MILES! Shinjuku, by Henry Kaiser, Wadada Leo Smith|website=Henry Kaiser|access-date=2021-03-07}}</ref>'' (Shanachie, 1998)
* ''Sky Garden'' (Cuneiform, 2004)
* ''Upriver'' (Cuneiform, 2004)

'''With Bill Laswell'''

* ''The stone'' (2014)

'''With Frank Lowe'''

* ''The Flam'' (Black Saint, 1975)

'''With Maurice McIntyre'''

* ''Humility in the Light of the Creator'' (Delmark, 1969)

'''With Matthew Shipp'''

* ''New Orbit'' (Thirsty Ear, 2001)

'''With Spring Heel Jack'''

* ''The Sweetness of the Water'' (Thirsty Ear, 2004)
* ''Hackney Road'' (Treader, 2018) with Pat Thomas and Steve Noble

'''With John Zorn'''

* ''50th Birthday Celebration Volume 8'' (Tzadik, 2003)
* ''The Unknown Masada'' (Tzadik, 2003)

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==

* {{올뮤직}}
* {{Discogs 음악가}}
* {{뮤직브레인즈 예술가}}
* {{공식 웹사이트}}

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:1941년 출생]]
[[분류:살아있는 사람]]
[[분류:미국의 재즈 연주자]]
[[분류:미국의 재즈 트럼펫 연주자]]
[[분류:웨슬리언 대학교 동문]]
[[분류:미시시피주 출신 음악가]]