{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
'''하플로그룹 B (Y-DNA)'''는 [[인류 Y-염색체 DNA 하플로그룹]]의 일종으로, [[하플로그룹 BT (Y-염색체)|하플로그룹 BT]]로부터 나왔으며 10만 년 전에 아프리카에서 유래되었다.<ref>Kamin M, Saag L, Vincente M, et al. (April 2015). "A recent bottleneck of Y chromosome diversity coincides with a global change in culture". Genome Research. 25 (4): 459–466. doi:10.1101/gr.186684.114. PMC 4381518. PMID 25770088.</ref>

[[파일:B haplogroup of Y-DNA.png|thumb|right|300px|하플로그룹 B 분포도]]

== 분포 ==
[[아프리카]], 그 중에도 특히 서부·중앙 아프리카에 많이 분포해 있다.
* [[바카족]](Baka People) 63% ([[가봉]] & [[카메룬]]).<ref name="BerniellLee2009">Gemma Berniell-Lee, Francesc Calafell, Elena Bosch et al., "Genetic and demographic implications of the Bantu expansion: insights from human paternal lineages," Molecular Biology and Evolution Advance Access published April 15, 2009</ref> - 72% ([[중앙 아프리카 공화국]])<ref name="Wood2005">Elizabeth T Wood, Daryn A Stover, Christopher Ehret et al., "Contrasting patterns of Y chromosome and mtDNA variation in Africa: evidence for sex-biased demographic processes," European Journal of Human Genetics (2005) 13, 867–876. (cf. Appendix A: Y Chromosome Haplotype Frequencies)</ref>

* [[하자족]](Hadza People) ([[탄자니아]]) 52%<ref name="Knight2003">Alec Knight, Peter A. Underhill, Holly M. Mortensen et al., "African Y Chromosome and mtDNA Divergence Provides Insight into the History of Click Languages," Current Biology, Vol. 13, 464–473 (March 18, 2003).</ref>-60%,<ref name = "Tishkoff2007" >Sarah A. Tishkoff, Mary Katherine Gonder, Brenna M. Henn et al. (2007), "History of Click-Speaking Populations of Africa Inferred from mtDNA and Y Chromosome Genetic Variation," Molecular Biology and Evolution 24 (10) : 2180–2195. doi:10.1093/molbev/msm155</ref>

* [[누에르인]](Nuer People) ([[남수단]]) 50%<ref name = "Hassan2008" >Hisham Y. Hassan, Peter A. Underhill, Luca L. Cavalli-Sforza, and Muntaser E. Ibrahim, "Y-Chromosome Variation Among Sudanese: Restricted Gene Flow, Concordance With Language, Geography, and History," American Journal of Physical Anthropology (2008).</ref>

* [[음부티족]](Mbuti People) ([[콩고 민주 공화국]]) 33%<ref name = "Cruciani2002" >Fulvio Cruciani, Piero Santolamazza, Peidong Shen et al., "A Back Migration from Asia to Sub-Saharan Africa Is Supported by High-Resolution Analysis of Human Y-Chromosome Haplotypes," American Journal of Human Genetics 70:1197–1214, 2002.</ref>-60%,<ref name = "Wood2005" />

* [[아카족]](Aka People) (중앙아프리카공화국) 35%<ref name = "Cruciani2002" />-55%<ref name = "Wood2005" />

* [[중앙아프리카]] 32%

* [[춤크웨 산]](Tsumkwe San) ([[나미비아]]) 31%<ref name = "Wood2005" />

* [[코이산족]] 28%

*Shilluk people (남수단) 27%<ref name = "Hassan2008" />

*Burunge people (탄자니아) 25%<ref name = "Tishkoff2007" />

* [[딩카족]] (남수단) 23%<ref name = "Hassan2008" />

*Ngumba language (카메룬) 23%<ref name = "Wood2005" />-33%<ref name = "BerniellLee2009" />

*Eviya people (가봉) 21%<ref name = "BerniellLee2009" />

*Fali people (카메룬) 18%<ref name = "Cruciani2002" />

*Sotho–Tswana (남아프리카) 18%<ref name = "Wood2005" />

* [[줄루족]] (남아프리카) 17%<ref name = "Wood2005" />

*Eshira people (가봉) 17%<ref name = "BerniellLee2009" />

*Shake people (가봉) 16%<ref name = "BerniellLee2009" />

* [[하우사족]] (수단) 16%<ref name = "Hassan2008" />

* [[콥트족]] (수단) 15%<ref name = "Hassan2008" />

* [[수단]] 15%

* [[남아프리카]] 13%

* [[말리]] 11%

* [[에티오피아]] 10%

== 계통수 ==
*'''B'''
**'''B-M60''' (M60, M181, P85, P90)
***'''B-M236''' (M236, M288)
****'''B-M236''' (M236)
***'''B-M182''' (M182)
****'''B-M150''' (M150)
*****'''B-M218''' (M218)
******'''B-M109''' (M109, M152, P32)
******'''B-G1''' (G1)
*****'''B-M108.1''' (M108.1)
******'''B-P111''' (P111, M43)
****'''B-M112''' (M112, M192, 50f2(P))
*****'''B-P6''' (P6)
*****'''B-M115''' (M115, M169)
*****'''B-M30''' (M30, M129)
******'''B-M108.2''' (M108.2)
*****'''B-P7''' (P7)
******'''B-P8''' (P8, P70)
******'''B-MSY2.1''' (MSY2.1, M211)
****'''B-P112''' (P112)
<ref name="Karafet">{{저널 인용|vauthors=Karafet TM, Mendez FL, Meilerman MB, Underhill PA, Zegura SL, Hammer MF |title=New binary polymorphisms reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree |journal=Genome Research |year=2008 |volume=18  |pages=830–8 |doi=10.1101/gr.7172008 |url=http://www.genome.org/cgi/content/abstract/gr.7172008v1 |pmid=18385274 |issue=5 |pmc=2336805}}</ref>

== 계보 ==
{{Y-DNA}}

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

[[분류:인류 Y-DNA 하플로그룹]]