{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{힌두교 사원 정보
|사원명 = 코나라크의 태양신 사원
|현지명 = 
|그림   = Konarka Temple.jpg
|그림크기= 
|그림설명= 코나라크 태양신 사원.
<!-- 종교 -->
|종교 = [[힌두교]]
|신   = [[수리야]]
|축제 = 찬드라바가 멜란
|탑   = 
<!--지역-->
|국가 = 인도
|지역 = [[오디샤주]]
|위치 = [[푸리구]] [[코나라크]]
<!-- 좌표 및 지도 -->
<!-- 직접 입력 시-->
| 좌표 = {{좌표|19.8875|86.094722|type:landmark_region:IN-UP|display=inline,title}}
| 지도 = 
<!-- 세부 변수 이용 시-->
|좌표타입 =
|좌표지역 =
|지도이름 =
|지도_위치 =
|지도_꼬리표 =
|지도_너비 =
|지도_대체지도=
|지도_설명 =
|위도도 = |위도분 = |위도초 = |남북 =
|경도도 = |경도분 = |경도초 = |동서 =
<!-- 건축-->
|건축유형 = [[힌두교 사원 건축]]
|양식 = 칼링가
|건립시기 = 
|완공시기 = 1250년
<!-- 좌표 및 지도 -->
|웹사이트 = {{URL|http://konark.nic.in/}}
}}
'''코나라크의 태양신 사원'''은 13세기에 오늘날 [[인도]] [[오디샤주]] [[푸리구]] 해안선의 푸리시에서 북동쪽으로 약 35km(22mi) 떨어진 코나라크에 지어진 [[수리야]] 사원이다.<ref name="britkonark">[https://www.britannica.com/place/Konark Konark: India] {{웹아카이브|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180731215254/https://www.britannica.com/place/Konark|date=31 July 2018}}, Encyclopædia Britannica</ref><ref name="unesco">{{웹 인용|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/246/|제목=Sun Temple, Konârak|출판사=UNESCO|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130427004732/http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/246|보존날짜=27 April 2013|url-status=live|확인날짜=3 May 2013}}</ref> 이 사원은 1250년경 [[동강가 왕조]]의 나라싱하 데바 1세 왕에 의해 지어진 것으로 추정된다.<ref name="sen2">{{서적 인용|제목=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History|성=Sen|이름=Sailendra|연도=2013|출판사=Primus Books|쪽=121–122|isbn=978-9-38060-734-4}}</ref><ref name="IndianHistory">{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X4j7Nf_MU24C&pg=SL2-PA3|제목=Indian History|연도=1960|출판사=Tata McGraw-Hill Education|쪽=2|isbn=978-0-07-132923-1|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101141813/http://books.google.com/books?id=X4j7Nf_MU24C&pg=SL2-PA3|보존날짜=1 January 2014|url-status=live|확인날짜=3 May 2013}}</ref>

힌두교의 태양신 수리야에게 바쳐진 사원 단지의 잔해는 모두 돌로 조각된 거대한 바퀴와 말이 있는 100피트(30m) 높이의 전차 모양을 하고 있다. 한때 높이가 200피트(61m)<ref name="britkonark"/><ref name="Harle1994p251">{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LwcBVvdqyBkC|제목=The Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent|성=James C. Harle|연도=1994|출판사=Yale University Press|쪽=251–254|isbn=978-0-300-06217-5|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221231520/https://books.google.com/books?id=LwcBVvdqyBkC|보존날짜=21 February 2017|url-status=live|확인날짜=9 November 2017}}</ref>가 넘었던 사원의 많은 부분이 지금은 폐허가 되었는데, 특히 사원 위에 있었던 큰 시카라 탑은 한 때 현재 남아있는 만다파보다 훨씬 더 높았다. 살아남은 구조물과 요소들은 에로틱한 카마와 미투나 장면을 포함하여 복잡한 예술 작품, 도상학 및 주제로 유명하다. 수리야 데발라야라고도 불리는 이것은 오디샤 양식의 건축 또는 칼링가 건축의 고전적인 예시이다.<ref name="britkonark" /><ref name="DavidsonGitlitz2002p318">{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YVYkrNhPMQkC&pg=PA318|제목=Pilgrimage: From the Ganges to Graceland : an Encyclopedia|성=Linda Kay Davidson|성2=David Martin Gitlitz|연도=2002|출판사=ABC-CLIO|쪽=318–319|isbn=978-1-57607-004-8|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102084026/http://books.google.com/books?id=YVYkrNhPMQkC&pg=PA318|보존날짜=2 January 2014|url-status=live|확인날짜=30 September 2016}}</ref>

코나라크 사원이 파괴된 원인은 불분명하며, 여전히 논란의 대상으로 남아 있다.<ref name="donaldson15">{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aJBNAAAAYAAJ|제목=Konark|성=Thomas Donaldson|연도=2005|출판사=Oxford University Press|쪽=15–28|isbn=978-0-19-567591-7|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073150/https://books.google.com/books?id=aJBNAAAAYAAJ|보존날짜=9 August 2019|url-status=live|확인날짜=9 November 2017}}</ref> 15세기에서 17세기 사이에 무슬림 군대에 의해 여러 차례 약탈당하는 과정에서 사원이 자연적으로 훼손된 것부터 고의적으로 파괴된 것에 이르기까지 학설은 다양하다. 이 사원은 검은색으로 보이는 거대한 층탑처럼 보였기 때문에 일찍이 1676년 유럽 선원들의 기록에서 "흑탑"이라고 불렸다.<ref name="DavidsonGitlitz2002p318" /><ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aJBNAAAAYAAJ|제목=Konark|성=Thomas Donaldson|연도=2005|출판사=Oxford University Press|쪽=28|isbn=978-0-19-567591-7|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073150/https://books.google.com/books?id=aJBNAAAAYAAJ|보존날짜=9 August 2019|url-status=live|확인날짜=9 November 2017}}</ref> 마찬가지로 푸리의 자간나트 사원도 "백탑"이라고 불렸다. 두 사원 모두 벵골만의 선원들에게 중요한 랜드마크 역할을 했다.{{Sfn|Debala Mitra|1968}}<ref name="bengalgz">{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pwD0-YV2LCYC&pg=PA283|제목=Bengal District Gazetteer : Puri|성=Lewis Sydney Steward O'Malley|연도=2007|출판사=Concept Publishing Company|쪽=283|isbn=978-81-7268-138-8|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101141816/http://books.google.com/books?id=pwD0-YV2LCYC&pg=PA283|보존날짜=1 January 2014|url-status=live|확인날짜=3 May 2013}}</ref> 오늘날 존재하는 사원은 영국령 인도 시대 고고학 팀들의 보존 노력에 의해 부분적으로 복원되었다. 코나라크 사원은 1984년에 [[유네스코 세계문화유산]]으로 지정되었으며,<ref name="britkonark" /><ref name="unesco"/> 현재에는 매년 2월경 찬드라바가 멜라를 위해 이곳에 모이는 힌두교 신자들의 주요 순례지로 남아 있다.<ref name="DavidsonGitlitz2002p318"/>

코나라크 태양 사원(Konark Sun Temple)은 인도 문화유산의 중요성을 나타내기 위해 인도 화폐 10루피 뒷면에 그려져 있다.<ref name=":1">{{웹 인용|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/nation/rbi-to-issue-new-rs-10-notes-with-konark-sun-temple-motif-523962|제목=RBI to issue new Rs 10 notes with Konark Sun Temple motif|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210730181909/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/nation/rbi-to-issue-new-rs-10-notes-with-konark-sun-temple-motif-523962|보존날짜=30 July 2021|url-status=live|확인날짜=12 December 2020}}</ref>

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[태양신]]
== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

=== 서지 ===
 {{참고 자료 시작|30em|indent=yes}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediaofh07achauoft#page/n9/mode/2up|title=An encyclopaedia of Hindu architecture|author=Prasanna Kumar Acharya|year=2010|publisher=Oxford University Press (Republished by Motilal Banarsidass)|isbn=978-81-7536-534-6}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rbayQwAACAAJ|title=A Dictionary of Hindu Architecture: Treating of Sanskrit Architectural Terms with Illustrative Quotations|author=Prasanna Kumar Acharya|year=1997|publisher=Oxford University Press (Reprinted in 1997 by Motilal Banarsidass)|isbn=978-81-7536-113-3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073145/https://books.google.com/books?id=rbayQwAACAAJ|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CGukBgAAQBAJ|title=Rediscovering the Hindu Temple: The Sacred Architecture and Urbanism of India|author1=Vinayak Bharne|author2=Krupali Krusche|year=2014|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|isbn=978-1-4438-6734-4|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073236/https://books.google.com/books?id=CGukBgAAQBAJ|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=doQLZ21CGScC|title=Principles of Composition in Hindu Sculpture: Cave Temple Period|author=Alice Boner|year=1990|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=978-81-208-0705-1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222102015/https://books.google.com/books?id=doQLZ21CGScC|archive-date=22 February 2017|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=itQUAAAAIAAJ|title=Silpa Prakasa|author1=Alice Boner|author2=Sadāśiva Rath Śarmā|year=2005|publisher=Brill Academic (Reprinted by Motilal Banarsidass)|isbn=978-8120820524|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222004631/https://books.google.com/books?id=itQUAAAAIAAJ|archive-date=22 February 2017|url-status=live|access-date=9 November 2017}}
* {{인용|title=History of Indian and Indonesian Art|author=Ananda K Coomaraswamy|year=1985|publisher=Dover|isbn=9780486250052|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9Yp_QgAACAAJ|access-date=9 November 2017|archive-date=9 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073255/https://books.google.com/books?id=9Yp_QgAACAAJ|url-status=live}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5B1QAAAAMAAJ|title=Essays in Architectural Theory|author1=A.K. Coomaraswamy|author2=Michael W. Meister|year=1995|publisher=Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts|isbn=978-0-19-563805-9|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073146/https://books.google.com/books?id=5B1QAAAAMAAJ|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*Dehejia, V. (1997). ''Indian Art''. Phaidon: London. {{ISBN|0-7148-3496-3}}.
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aU0hCAS2-08C|title=Indian Temple Architecture: Form and Transformation|author=Adam Hardy|year=1995|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-81-7017-312-0|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073331/https://books.google.com/books?id=aU0hCAS2-08C|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ofUVAQAAIAAJ|title=The Temple Architecture of India|author=Adam Hardy|year=2007|publisher=Wiley|isbn=978-0470028278|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073332/https://books.google.com/books?id=ofUVAQAAIAAJ|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_oADrgEACAAJ|title=Theory and Practice of Temple Architecture in Medieval India: Bhoja's Samarāṅgaṇasūtradhāra and the Bhojpur Line Drawings|author=Adam Hardy|year=2015|publisher=Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts|isbn=978-93-81406-41-0|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073330/https://books.google.com/books?id=_oADrgEACAAJ|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*Harle, J.C., ''The Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent'', 2nd edn. 1994, Yale University Press Pelican History of Art, {{ISBN|0300062176}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7N7VAAAAMAAJ|title=Architecture in Medieval India: Forms, Contexts, Histories|author=Monica Juneja|year=2001|publisher=Orient Blackswan|isbn=978-8178242286|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073238/https://books.google.com/books?id=7N7VAAAAMAAJ|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NNcXrBlI9S0C|title=The Hindu Temple Volume 1|author=Stella Kramrisch|year=1976|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass (Reprinted 1946 Princeton University Press)|isbn=978-81-208-0223-0|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073257/https://books.google.com/books?id=NNcXrBlI9S0C|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8-aS52MgIkMC|title=The Hindu Temple Volume 2|author=Stella Kramrisch|year=1979|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass (Reprinted 1946 Princeton University Press)|isbn=978-81-208-0224-7|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073313/https://books.google.com/books?id=8-aS52MgIkMC|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRY3AQAAIAAJ|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian temple architecture|author1=Michael W. Meister|author2=Madhusudan Dhaky|year=1986|publisher=American Institute of Indian Studies|isbn=978-0-8122-7992-4|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073145/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRY3AQAAIAAJ|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ajgImLs62gwC|title=The Hindu Temple: An Introduction to Its Meaning and Forms|author=George Michell|year=1988|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-53230-1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204224928/https://books.google.com/books?id=ajgImLs62gwC|archive-date=4 February 2017|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YVl2QgAACAAJ|title=Hindu Art and Architecture|author=George Michell|year=2000|publisher=Thames & Hudson|isbn=978-0-500-20337-8|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073328/https://books.google.com/books?id=YVl2QgAACAAJ|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
* {{인용|title=Konarak|author=Debala Mitra|publisher=Archaeological Survey of India|year=1968}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MJD-KresBwIC|title=Elements of Hindu iconography|author=T. A. Gopinatha Rao|year=1993|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=978-81-208-0878-2|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426090024/https://books.google.com/books?id=MJD-KresBwIC|archive-date=26 April 2017|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WvqLzaSUGi8C|title=Imagining Architects: Creativity in the Religious Monuments of India|author=Ajay J. Sinha|year=2000|publisher=University of Delaware Press|isbn=978-0-87413-684-5|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073300/https://books.google.com/books?id=WvqLzaSUGi8C|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hq5BngAACAAJ|title=South Indian Temples|author=Burton Stein|year=1978|publisher=Vikas|isbn=978-0706904499|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073149/https://books.google.com/books?id=Hq5BngAACAAJ|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OpxeaYQbGDMC|title=The New Cambridge History of India: Vijayanagara|author=Burton Stein|year=1989|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-26693-2|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073231/https://books.google.com/books?id=OpxeaYQbGDMC|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QY4zdTDwMAQC|title=A History of India|author1=Burton Stein|author2=David Arnold|year=2010|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-4443-2351-1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220024451/https://books.google.com/books?id=QY4zdTDwMAQC|archive-date=20 December 2016|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
*{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vwLJc3pBzzUC&pg=PR10|title=The Square and the Circle of the Indian Arts|author=Kapila Vatsyayan|year=1997|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-81-7017-362-5|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809073224/https://books.google.com/books?id=vwLJc3pBzzUC&pg=PR10|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live|access-date=3 December 2017}}
{{참고 자료 끝}}

== 외부 링크 ==

* [http://konark.nic.in/ Konark Sun Temple (Official Website), Tourism Department, Government of Odisha]
* [https://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31&id_site=246 Konark Sun Temple, World Heritage Site, UNESCO]
* [http://asi.nic.in/asi_monu_whs_konark.asp Konark Sun Temple, Archaeological Survey of India]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120603034641/http://www.odisha.gov.in/portal/LIWPL/event_archive/Events_Archives/128Konark_Festival_2009.pdf Konark Dance Festival], Government of Odisha
* [http://magazines.odisha.gov.in/Orissareview/2011/Dec/engpdf/28-34.pdf Iconography at Konark Temple] {{웨이백|url=http://magazines.odisha.gov.in/Orissareview/2011/Dec/engpdf/28-34.pdf |date=20171109191312 }}, Rusav Kumar Sahu (2011)
* [https://www.3ds.com/progress-is-human/heritage-and-future/konark-sun-temple 3D model of the past and present of the Konark Sun Temple - The Only Progress is Human]
{{인도의 세계유산}}
{{전거 통제}}
[[분류:오디샤주의 관광지]]
[[분류:인도의 세계유산]]
[[분류:동강가 왕조]]
[[분류:오디샤주의 힌두교 사원]]
[[분류:수리야 사원]]