{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{유전자 정보}}
'''알파 골격근 액틴'''(actin, alpha skeletal muscle)은 인간에서 ''ACTA1'' [[유전자]]에 의해 암호화되는 [[단백질]]이다.<ref name="pmid10072583">{{저널 인용|제목=Assignment of the human skeletal muscle [FC12]a-actin gene (ACTA1) to chromosome 1q42.13-->q42.2 by radiation hybrid mapping|저널=Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics|날짜=March 1999|권=83|호=3–4|쪽=224–5|doi=10.1159/000015184|pmid=10072583}}</ref><ref name="pmid6865942">{{저널 인용|제목=Isolation and characterization of full-length cDNA clones for human alpha-, beta-, and gamma-actin mRNAs: skeletal but not cytoplasmic actins have an amino-terminal cysteine that is subsequently removed|저널=Molecular and Cellular Biology|날짜=May 1983|권=3|호=5|쪽=787–95|doi=10.1128/mcb.3.5.787|pmc=368601|pmid=6865942}}</ref>

[[골격근]]에서 발현되는 액틴 알파 1은 확인된 6가지 서로 다른 [[액틴]] 동형 중 하나이다. 액틴은 세포 운동성, 구조, 완전성에 관여하는 고도로 보존된 단백질이다. 알파 액틴은 수축체(contractile apparatus)의 주요 구성 요소이다.<ref name="entrez">{{웹 인용|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=58|제목=Entrez Gene: ACTA1 actin, alpha 1, skeletal muscle}}</ref>

== 골격근 액틴 유전자 발현 ==
알파 골격근 액틴 발현은 근육 형성을 유발하는 것으로 알려진 자극과 조건에 의해 유도된다.<ref>{{저널 인용|제목=Contractile protein isoforms in muscle development|저널=Developmental Biology|날짜=December 1992|권=154|호=2|쪽=273–83|doi=10.1016/0012-1606(92)90067-Q|pmid=1358730}}</ref> 이러한 조건에서 수임된 세포(committed cell, 또는 위성 세포, satellite cell)가 [[근관세포]]로 융합되어 [[근섬유]]를 형성한다. 골격근 액틴 자체는 발현될 때 근육 형성에 필수적인 몇 가지 근원성 유전자(myogenic genes)의 발현을 유발한다.<ref>{{저널 인용|제목=Alpha-skeletal actin induces a subset of muscle genes independently of muscle differentiation and withdrawal from the cell cycle|저널=Journal of Cell Science|날짜=February 2001|권=114|호=Pt 3|쪽=513–24|doi=10.1242/jcs.114.3.513|pmid=11171321}}</ref> 골격근 액틴 유전자 발현을 활성화시키는 하나의 주요 [[전사인자]]는 액틴 유전자의 [[프로모터 (생물학)|프로모터]] DNA 상의 특정 부위에 결합하는 단백질인 혈청 반응 인자(SRF)이다.<ref>{{저널 인용|제목=Dominant negative murine serum response factor: alternative splicing within the activation domain inhibits transactivation of serum response factor binding targets|저널=Molecular and Cellular Biology|날짜=July 1999|권=19|호=7|쪽=4582–91|doi=10.1128/mcb.19.7.4582|pmc=84256|pmid=10373507}}</ref> SRF는 [[안드로겐 수용체]]와 같은 골격근 액틴의 프로모터에 많은 다른 단백질을 가져와 [[단백동화 스테로이드]](안드로겐성 스테로이드)에 의한 골격근 액틴 유전자 발현 유도에 기여할 수 있다.<ref>{{저널 인용|제목=Recruitment of the androgen receptor via serum response factor facilitates expression of a myogenic gene|저널=The Journal of Biological Chemistry|날짜=March 2005|권=280|호=9|쪽=7786–92|doi=10.1074/jbc.M413992200|pmid=15623502}}</ref>

== 상호작용 ==
ACTA1은 [[타이모신 베타4|TMSB4X]],<ref name="pmid11812134">{{저널 인용|제목=Polymerisation of chemically cross-linked actin:thymosin beta(4) complex to filamentous actin: alteration in helical parameters and visualisation of thymosin beta(4) binding on F-actin|저널=Journal of Molecular Biology|날짜=January 2002|권=315|호=4|쪽=613–25|doi=10.1006/jmbi.2001.5281|pmid=11812134}}</ref><ref name="pmid9153421">{{저널 인용|제목=Thymosin beta 4 binds actin in an extended conformation and contacts both the barbed and pointed ends|저널=Biochemistry|날짜=May 1997|권=36|호=19|쪽=5806–16|doi=10.1021/bi970185v|pmid=9153421}}</ref> [[MIB2 (유전자)|MIB2]],<ref name="pmid14507647">{{저널 인용|제목=Down-regulation of a novel actin-binding molecule, skeletrophin, in malignant melanoma|저널=The American Journal of Pathology|날짜=October 2003|권=163|호=4|쪽=1395–404|doi=10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63497-9|pmc=1868282|pmid=14507647}}</ref> [[PRKCE]]<ref name="pmid11897493">{{저널 인용|제목=PKC epsilon is associated with myosin IIA and actin in fibroblasts|저널=Cellular Signalling|날짜=June 2002|권=14|호=6|쪽=529–36|doi=10.1016/S0898-6568(01)00277-7|pmid=11897493}}</ref>와 [[단백질-단백질 상호작용|상호 작용]]하는 것으로 나타났다.

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[액틴]]
* [[베타 액틴]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 추가 자료 ==
{{참고 자료 시작|2}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=The cleavage of host cell proteins by HIV-1 protease|저널=Folia Biologica|연도=1997|권=42|호=5|쪽=227–30|doi=10.1007/BF02818986|pmid=8997639}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=Eps8 in the midst of GTPases|저널=The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology|날짜=October 2002|권=34|호=10|쪽=1178–83|doi=10.1016/S1357-2725(02)00064-X|pmid=12127568}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=Interaction of adenylosuccinate synthetase with F-actin|저널=European Journal of Biochemistry|날짜=April 1978|권=85|호=2|쪽=331–7|doi=10.1111/j.1432-1033.1978.tb12243.x|pmid=648524}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=The EGF receptor is an actin-binding protein|저널=The Journal of Cell Biology|날짜=October 1992|권=119|호=2|쪽=349–55|doi=10.1083/jcb.119.2.349|pmc=2289650|pmid=1383230}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=HIV-1 protease cleaves actin during acute infection of human T-lymphocytes|저널=AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1235231|날짜=February 1992|권=8|호=2|쪽=291–5|doi=10.1089/aid.1992.8.291|pmid=1540415}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=Binding sites involved in the interaction of actin with the N-terminal region of dystrophin|저널=FEBS Letters|날짜=February 1992|권=298|호=1|쪽=44–8|doi=10.1016/0014-5793(92)80019-D|pmid=1544421}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=Epidermal growth factor induces rapid reorganization of the actin microfilament system in human A431 cells|저널=Journal of Cell Science|날짜=November 1991|권=100 ( Pt 3)|호=3|쪽=491–9|doi=10.1242/jcs.100.3.491|pmid=1808202}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=Actin, troponin C, Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein and pro-interleukin 1 beta as substrates of the protease from human immunodeficiency virus|저널=The Journal of Biological Chemistry|날짜=August 1991|권=266|호=22|쪽=14548–53|doi=10.1016/S0021-9258(18)98721-1|pmid=1907279}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=Non-viral cellular substrates for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease|저널=FEBS Letters|날짜=January 1991|권=278|호=2|쪽=199–203|doi=10.1016/0014-5793(91)80116-K|pmid=1991513}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=Smooth muscle calponin. Inhibition of actomyosin MgATPase and regulation by phosphorylation|저널=The Journal of Biological Chemistry|날짜=June 1990|권=265|호=17|쪽=10148–55|doi=10.1016/S0021-9258(19)38792-7|pmid=2161834}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=Atomic structure of the actin:DNase I complex|저널=Nature|날짜=September 1990|권=347|호=6288|쪽=37–44|bibcode=1990Natur.347...37K|doi=10.1038/347037a0|pmid=2395459}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=Vascular smooth muscle calponin. A novel troponin T-like protein|저널=Hypertension|날짜=June 1988|권=11|호=6 Pt 2|쪽=620–6|doi=10.1161/01.hyp.11.6.620|pmid=2455687}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=Nucleotide sequence and expression of the human skeletal alpha-actin gene: evolution of functional regulatory domains|저널=Genomics|날짜=November 1988|권=3|호=4|쪽=323–36|doi=10.1016/0888-7543(88)90123-1|pmid=2907503}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=Ultrastructure of the intact skeleton of the human erythrocyte membrane|저널=The Journal of Cell Biology|날짜=March 1986|권=102|호=3|쪽=997–1006|doi=10.1083/jcb.102.3.997|pmc=2114132|pmid=2936753}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=Tropomyosin distinguishes between the two actin-binding sites of villin and affects actin-binding properties of other brush border proteins|저널=The Journal of Cell Biology|날짜=January 1987|권=104|호=1|쪽=29–40|doi=10.1083/jcb.104.1.29|pmc=2117036|pmid=3793760}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=The human beta-actin multigene family|저널=Transactions of the Association of American Physicians|연도=1986|권=98|쪽=42–6|pmid=3842206}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones for human skeletal muscle alpha actin|저널=Nucleic Acids Research|날짜=June 1983|권=11|호=11|쪽=3503–16|doi=10.1093/nar/11.11.3503|pmc=325982|pmid=6190133}}
* {{저널 인용|제목=Villin is a major protein of the microvillus cytoskeleton which binds both G and F actin in a calcium-dependent manner|저널=Cell|날짜=July 1980|권=20|호=3|쪽=839–47|doi=10.1016/0092-8674(80)90330-X|pmid=6893424}}
{{참고 자료 끝}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&part=nem  GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Nemaline Myopathy]
* {{UCSC gene info|ACTA1}}

{{PDB Gallery|geneid=58}}

[[분류:인간 1번 염색체상 유전자]]