{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
'''손상'''(損傷, {{llang|en|insult}})은 [[의학 용어]]에서 어떤 종류의 신체적 또는 정신적 부상의 원인이다. '''발작'''(發作), '''상해'''(傷害)로 번역되기도 한다. 예를 들어, 피부 화학(부상)은 열, 화학적, 방사성 또는 전기적 사고(손상)으로 인해 일어날 수 있다.<ref>{{Cite book
|title=Using Medical Terminology: A Practical Approach
|last=Nath
|first=Judi L. 
|year=2006
|page=169
|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UEvTZg_5FBIC&dq=medical%20term%20insult&pg=PA169
|isbn=9780781748681
}}</ref> 마찬가지로 [[패혈증]]과 외상은 외부 손상의 예이고,<ref>{{Cite book
|title=Critical Care Nephrology: Expert Consult - Online and Print
|last1=Ronco  
|first1=Claudio 
|last2=Bellomo
|first2=Rinaldo 
|last3=Kellum
|first3=John A.
|year=2008
|page=10
|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XkKn96HThzEC&dq=medical%20term%20insult&pg=PA10
|isbn=9781416042525
}}</ref> [[뇌염]], [[다발성 경화증]] 및 [[뇌종양]]은 뇌에 대한 손상의 예이다.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Medical Basis of Psychiatry|last1=Shelton|last2=Hunt|year=2008|editor1-last=Fatemi|editor1-first=S. Hossein|editor2-last=Clayton|editor2-first=Paula J.|editor2-link=|publisher=Springer|page=152|chapter=9. Anxiety disorders|isbn=9781597452526|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJOy1vy2RKQC&dq=medical%20term%20insult&pg=PA152}}</ref> 임상의는 [[뇌졸중]]의 동의어로 뇌혈관손상(cerebrovascular insult, CVI)이라는 용어를 사용할 수 있다.<ref>
{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lit1VuCakTYC|title=Secondary Influences on Neuropsychological Test Performance|last1=Puenta|first1=Antonio N.|last2=Miller|first2=L. Stephen|year=2013|series=National Academy of Neuropsychology: Series on Evidence-Based Practices|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=342|chapter=Secondary Factors in Alzheimer's Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Stroke|publication-place=New York|isbn=9780199838615|access-date=20 June 2023|quote=Worldwide, cerebrovascular insult (CVI, or stroke) is a frequent cause of death and disability [...].|editor-last1=Arnett|editor-first1=Peter|editor-link1=|orig-date=2012}} 
</ref><ref>
{{cite book
 |last1                = Muresian
 |first1               = Horia
 |editor-last1         = Muresian
 |editor-first1        = Horia
 |date                 = 26 July 2016
 |chapter              = Stroke Subtypes
 |title                = Arterial Revascularization of the Head and Neck: Text Atlas for Prevention and Management of Stroke
 |url                  = https://books.google.com/books?id=QE-_DAAAQBAJ
 |publication-place    = Switzerland
 |publisher            = Springer
 |page                 = 66
 |isbn                 = 9783319341934
 |access-date          = 20 June 2023
 |quote                = Stroke (cerebrovascular accident, cerebrovascular insult, or brain attack) denotes the clinical pathological condition characterized by cell death induced by altered blood supply to the brain.
}} 
</ref>

손상은 유전적 요인과 환경적 요인으로 분류할 수 있다.<ref>{{Cite book
|title=Langman's Essential Medical Embryology
|last1=Sadler 
|first1=Thomas W. 
|last2=Langman
|first2=Jan
|year=2005
|page=2
|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rinkHXkttaQC&dq=medical%20insult&pg=PA2
|isbn=9780781755719
}}
</ref>

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[의학 용어]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

[[분류:의학 용어]]