{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:Mapa_de_R1a.png|섬네일|400px|하플로그룹 R1a 분포도]]

'''하플로그룹 R1a''' 또는 '''하플로그룹 R-M420'''은 [[인류 Y-DNA 하플로그룹]]의 일종으로, [[유라시아]] 전체에 걸쳐 분포하며 특히 [[동유럽]]에서 [[중앙아시아]], [[남아시아]]에 이르기까지의 지역에서 고빈도로 나타난다. R1a는 변이 L62, L63, L120, M420, M449, M511, M513에 의해, R1a1a는 변이 M17, M198, M512, M514, M515, L168, L449, L457, L566에 의해 특정된다.

[[하플로그룹 R (Y-DNA)|하플로그룹 R]] (M207)의 직계 분기인 R1 (M173)에서 분기된 것으로, 약 22,000~25,000년 전에 [[유라시아 스텝]] 또는 [[근동]] 지역에서 처음 발생하였고 하위의 R1a1a1 (M417)은 약 5,800년 전에 분리되어 나온 것으로 추정된다.{{sfn|Sharma|2009}}{{sfn|Underhill|2014}} [[원시 인도유럽인]](Proto-Indo-Europeans) 집단과 연관된 것으로 보인다.

== 계통수 ==
[[파일:IE_expansion.png|섬네일|right|300px|R1a의 기원과 확장]]
*R1a (L146, M420, PF6229)
**R1a*
**R1a1 (M459/PF6235, SRY1532.2/SRY10831.2)
***R1a1*
***R1a1a (M17, M198)
****R1a1a*
****R1a1a1 (M417, page7)
*****R1a1a1*
*****R1a1a1a (CTS7083/L664/S298)
*****R1a1a1b (PF6162/S224/Z645, S441/Z647) - [[매듭무늬토기 문화]]
******R1a1a1b
******R1a1a1b1 (PF6217/S339/Z283)
*******R1a1a1b1*
*******R1a1a1b1a (Z282) - [[발트슬라브어파]]
********R1a1a1b1a* (Z282)
********R1a1a1b1a1 (M458)
********R1a1a1b1a2 (S466/Z280, S204/Z91)
********R1a1a1b1a3 (Z284) - [[게르만어파]] (기층)
******R1a1a1b2 (F992/S202/Z93) - [[인도이란어파]]
*******R1a1a1b2* (Z93, M746)
*******R1a1a1b2a (F3105/S340/Z94, L342.2/S278.2) - [[안드로노보 문화]]
********R1a1a1b2a* (Z95)
********R1a1a1b2a1 (M560)
********R1a1a1b2a2 (M780, L657)
********R1a1a1b2a3 (Z2122, M582)
*****R1a1a1c (M64.2, M87, M204)
*****R1a1a1d (P98)
*****R1a1a1e (PK5)

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[네안데르탈인 유전체 프로젝트]]
== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 참고 문헌 ==
* {{저널 인용|last1=Sharma |first1=S |last2=Rai |first2=E |last3=Sharma |first3=P |last4=Jena |first4=M |last5=Singh |first5=S |last6=Darvishi |first6=K |last7=Bhat |first7=AK |last8=Bhanwer |first8=AJ |last9=Tiwari |first9=PK |last10=Bamezai |first10=Rameshwar N K |title=The Indian origin of paternal haplogroup R1a1(*)substantiates the autochthonous origin of Brahmins and the caste system |journal=Journal of Human Genetics |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=47–55 |year=2009 |doi=10.1038/jhg.2008.2 |pmid=19158816 |display-authors=8 |ref={{harvid |Sharma |2009}}}}
*{{저널 인용|ref={{harvid |Underhill |2009}} |last1=Underhill |first1=Peter A |last2=Myres |year=2009 |first2=Natalie M |last3=Rootsi |first3=Siiri |last4=Metspalu |first4=Mait |last5=Zhivotovsky |first5=Lev A |last6=King |issue=4 |first6=Roy J |last7=Lin |first7=Alice A |last8=Chow |first8=Cheryl-Emiliane T |last9=Semino |first9=Ornella |last10=Battaglia |first10=Vincenza |last11=Kutuev |first11=Ildus |last12=Järve |first12=Mari |last13=Chaubey |first13=Gyaneshwer |last14=Ayub |first14=Qasim |last15=Mohyuddin |first15=Aisha |last16=Mehdi |first16=S Qasim |last17=Sengupta |first17=Sanghamitra |last18=Rogaev |first18=Evgeny I |last19=Khusnutdinova |first19=Elza K |last20=Pshenichnov |first20=Andrey |last21=Balanovsky |first21=Oleg |last22=Balanovska |first22=Elena |last23=Jeran |first23=Nina |last24=Augustin |first24=Dubravka Havas |last25=Baldovic |first25=Marian |last26=Herrera |first26=Rene J |last27=Thangaraj |first27=Kumarasamy |last28=Singh |first28=Vijay |last29=Singh |first29=Lalji |last30=Majumder |first30=Partha |title=Separating the post-Glacial coancestry of European and Asian Y chromosomes within haplogroup R1a |volume=18 |journal=European Journal of Human Genetics |doi=10.1038/ejhg.2009.194 |pmid=19888303 |pmc=2987245 |pages=479–84 |display-authors=8}}
* {{인용|last1=Underhill |first1=Peter A. |year=2014 |title=The phylogenetic and geographic structure of Y-chromosome haplogroup R1a |journal=[[European Journal of Human Genetics]] |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=124–131 |issn=1018-4813 |doi=10.1038/ejhg.2014.50 |pmid=24667786 |pmc=4266736}}
* {{인용|last1=Underhill |first1=Peter A. |year=2015 |title=The phylogenetic and geographic structure of Y-chromosome haplogroup R1a |journal=European Journal of Human Genetics |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=124–131 |doi=10.1038/ejhg.2014.50 |pmid=24667786 |pmc=4266736}}

{{Y-DNA}}

[[분류:인류 Y-DNA 하플로그룹]]