{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:Ghana-demography.svg|섬네일|424x424픽셀|1950-2019 [[가나]]의 인구. 단위는 백만 명.]]
[[파일:Ghana - urban and rural population dynamics.png|섬네일|325x325px|1950-2010 가나의 도시 지역(빨간색)과 시골 지역(파란색) 인구 비교.]]
[[파일:Ghana single age population pyramid 2020.png|섬네일|331x331px|2020년 가나의 인구 피라미드.]]

== 인구 통계 ==

=== 1950-현재 유엔 추계 ===
출처: 유엔 세계인구전망 2019<ref name=":02">{{웹 인용|url=https://data.un.org/Data.aspx?q=Ghana&d=PopDiv&f=variableID%3a12%3bcrID%3a288|제목=Total population, both sexes combined (thousands)|성=United Nations Population Division|날짜=2019-06-17|확인날짜=2021-08-24}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{웹 인용|url=https://population.un.org/wpp/Graphs/1_Demographic%20Profiles/Ghana.pdf|제목=World Population Prospects 2019, Volume II: Demographic Profiles 1 Ghana|성=United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division|확인날짜=2021-08-24}}</ref>

==== 인구 ====
{| class="wikitable"
!
! width="70" |인구
! width="70" |15세 미만 (%)
!15–24세
(%)
! width="70" |25–64세
(%)
! width="70" |65세 이상(%)
!중위 연령 (세)
|-
|1950
|5,036,146
|45.5
|19.2
|32.9
|2.4
|17.2
|-
|1970
|8,735,495
|46.5
|18.5
|32.6
|2.5
|16.8
|-
|1990
|14,773,277
|44.2
|20.9
|32.1
|2.8
|17.6
|-
|2000
|19,278,856
|42.5
|19.9
|34.8
|2.9
|18.5
|-
|2005
|21,814,642
|40.9
|20.3
|36.1
|2.8
|19.2
|-
|2010
|24,779,619
|39.3
|20.2
|37.7
|2.8
|20.0
|-
|2015
|27,849,205
|38.2
|19.7
|39.1
|3.0
|20.7
|-
|2020
|31,072,940
|37.1
|19.3
|40.4
|3.1
|21.5
|}

==== 그 외 출생 및 사망 등 기타 통계 ====
{| class="wikitable"
!기간
!출생아 수
(천 명)
!사망자 수
(천 명)
!자연 증감
(천 명)
!조출생률
!조사망률
!합계출산율
!영아 사망률
!유아 사망률
!출생 성비
!인구 성장률
|-
|1950–1955
| style="text-align:right;" |1202
| style="text-align:right;" |568
| style="text-align:right;" |634
| style="text-align:right;" |44.7
| style="text-align:right;" |21.1
| style="text-align:right;" |6.44
| style="text-align:right;" |147
| style="text-align:right;" |249
| style="text-align:right;" |105
| style="text-align:right;" |2.6
|-
|1965–1970
| style="text-align:right;" |1939
| style="text-align:right;" |683
| style="text-align:right;" |1256
| style="text-align:right;" |47.1
| style="text-align:right;" |16.6
| style="text-align:right;" |6.95
| style="text-align:right;" |113
| style="text-align:right;" |189
| style="text-align:right;" |105
| style="text-align:right;" |2.4
|-
|1985–1990
| style="text-align:right;" |2843
| style="text-align:right;" |813
| style="text-align:right;" |2030
| style="text-align:right;" |41.3
| style="text-align:right;" |11.8
| style="text-align:right;" |5.88
| style="text-align:right;" |83
| style="text-align:right;" |133
| style="text-align:right;" |105
| style="text-align:right;" |2.9
|-
|1995–2000
| style="text-align:right;" |3345
| style="text-align:right;" |954
| style="text-align:right;" |2392
| style="text-align:right;" |36.9
| style="text-align:right;" |10.5
| style="text-align:right;" |5.02
| style="text-align:right;" |67
| style="text-align:right;" |104
| style="text-align:right;" |105
| style="text-align:right;" |2.5
|-
|2000–2005
| style="text-align:right;" |3546
| style="text-align:right;" |1035
| style="text-align:right;" |2511
| style="text-align:right;" |34.5
| style="text-align:right;" |10.1
| style="text-align:right;" |4.64
| style="text-align:right;" |61
| style="text-align:right;" |94
| style="text-align:right;" |105
| style="text-align:right;" |2.5
|-
|2005–2010
| style="text-align:right;" |3836
| style="text-align:right;" |1035
| style="text-align:right;" |2511
| style="text-align:right;" |32.9
| style="text-align:right;" |8.8
| style="text-align:right;" |4.37
| style="text-align:right;" |54
| style="text-align:right;" |82
| style="text-align:right;" |105
| style="text-align:right;" |2.6
|-
|2010-2015
| style="text-align:right;" |4178
| style="text-align:right;" |1058
| style="text-align:right;" |3120
| style="text-align:right;" |31.8
| style="text-align:right;" |8.0
| style="text-align:right;" |4.18
| style="text-align:right;" |45
| style="text-align:right;" |66
| style="text-align:right;" |105
| style="text-align:right;" |2.3
|-
|2015-2020
| style="text-align:right;" |4356
| style="text-align:right;" |1083
| style="text-align:right;" |3274
| style="text-align:right;" |29.6
| style="text-align:right;" |7.4
| style="text-align:right;" |3.89
| style="text-align:right;" |36
| style="text-align:right;" |52
| style="text-align:right;" |105
| style="text-align:right;" |2.2
|-
| colspan="11" |* 연평균 기준이며, 예외적으로 출생아 수, 사망자 수, 자연 증감의 경우 연평균 기준이 아닌, 해당 기간 전체 수를 모두 합한 것임.
|}

== 출생률과 출산율 통계 ==

=== 2000년, 2010년 인구 조사 ===
[[출생률|조출생률]] (CBR)과 [[합계출산율]] (TFR):<ref name="National Analytical Report">[http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/2010phc/National_Analytical_Report.pdf National Analytical Report] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712212518/http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/2010phc/National_Analytical_Report.pdf|date=2018-07-12}}. Statsghana.gov.gh.</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! style="width:50pt;" |연도
! style="width:50pt;" |CBR (전체)
! style="width:50pt;" |TFR (전체)
! style="width:50pt;" |CBR (도시)
! style="width:50pt;" |TFR (도시)
! style="width:50pt;" |CBR (시골)
! style="width:50pt;" |TFR (시골)
|-
|2000
| style="text-align:right;" |31.1
| style="text-align:right;" |3.99
| style="text-align:right;" |26.7
| style="text-align:right;" |3.0
| style="text-align:right;" |33.8
| style="text-align:right;" |4.9
|-
|2010
| style="text-align:right;" |25.3
| style="text-align:right;" |3.28
| style="text-align:right;" |23.0
| style="text-align:right;" |2.78
| style="text-align:right;" |26.9
| style="text-align:right;" |3.94
|}

=== 2010년 출생 및 사망 통계<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm|title=United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics|website=Unstats.un.org|access-date=7 November 2017}}</ref> ===
{| class="wikitable"
! width="70" |연도
! width="70" |인구
! width="70" |출생아 수
! width="70" |사망자 수
! width="70" |자연 증감
! width="70" |조출생률
! width="70" |조사망률
! width="70" |자연 증감률
! width="70" |합계출산율
|-
| align="right" |2010
| align="right" |24,200,000
| align="right" |623,700
| align="right" |163,534
| align="right" |460,166
| align="right" |25.3
| align="right" |6.6
| align="right" |18.7
| align="right" |3.28
|}

=== 인구통계 건강조사 기반 통계 ===
조출생률 (CBR)과 합계출산율 (TFR), 출처는 [[인구통계 건강조사]] 프로그램 (DHS Program):<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.dhsprogram.com/What-We-Do/Survey-Search.cfm|title=The DHS Program - Survey Search|website=Dhsprogram.com|access-date=7 November 2017}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! style="width:50pt;" |연도
! style="width:50pt;" |CBR (전체)
! style="width:50pt;" |TFR (전체)
! style="width:50pt;" |CBR (도시)
! style="width:50pt;" |TFR (도시)
! style="width:50pt;" |CBR (시골)
! style="width:50pt;" |TFR (시골)
|-
|1993
| style="text-align:right;" |38.0
| style="text-align:right;" |5.5
| style="text-align:right;" |32.9
| style="text-align:right;" |3.99
| style="text-align:right;" |40.2
| style="text-align:right;" |6.36
|-
|1998
| style="text-align:right;" |32.7
| style="text-align:right;" |4.55
| style="text-align:right;" |25.4
| style="text-align:right;" |2.96
| style="text-align:right;" |36.0
| style="text-align:right;" |5.41
|-
|2003
| style="text-align:right;" |32.6
| style="text-align:right;" |4.4
| style="text-align:right;" |26.6
| style="text-align:right;" |3.1
| style="text-align:right;" |36.7
| style="text-align:right;" |5.6
|-
|2007
| style="text-align:right;" |33.3
| style="text-align:right;" |4.6
| style="text-align:right;" |28.4
| style="text-align:right;" |3.4
| style="text-align:right;" |36.3
| style="text-align:right;" |5.5
|-
|2008
| style="text-align:right;" |30.8
| style="text-align:right;" |4.0
| style="text-align:right;" |27.1
| style="text-align:right;" |3.1
| style="text-align:right;" |33.6
| style="text-align:right;" |4.9
|-
|2014
| style="text-align:right;" |30.6
| style="text-align:right;" |4.2
| style="text-align:right;" |27.9
| style="text-align:right;" |3.4
| style="text-align:right;" |33.5
| style="text-align:right;" |5.2
|-
|2016
| style="text-align:right;" |
| style="text-align:right;" |4,2
| style="text-align:right;" |
| style="text-align:right;" |
| style="text-align:right;" |
| style="text-align:right;" |
|-
|2017
| style="text-align:right;" |
| style="text-align:right;" |3.9
| style="text-align:right;" |
| style="text-align:right;" |3.3
| style="text-align:right;" |
| style="text-align:right;" |4.7
|-
|2019
| style="text-align:right;" |
| style="text-align:right;" |3.8
| style="text-align:right;" |
| style="text-align:right;" |
| style="text-align:right;" |
| style="text-align:right;" |
|}
2014년 지역별 출산율 (DHS Program):<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR307/FR307.pdf|title=Demographic and Health Survey 2014|website=Dhsprogram.com|access-date=7 November 2017}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! style="width:100pt;" |지역
! style="width:100pt;" |합계출산율
! style="width:100pt;" |현재 임신중인 15–49세 여성의 비율
! style="width:100pt;" |40-49세 여성이 가졌던 평균 자녀 수
|-
|[[서부주 (가나)|서부주]]
|3.6
|6.9
|4.8
|-
|[[중앙주 (가나)|중앙주]]
|4.7
|7.8
|5.2
|-
|[[그레이터아크라주]]
|2.8
|6.9
|3.4
|-
|[[볼타주]]
|4.3
|6.1
|4.8
|-
|[[동부주 (가나)|동부주]]
|4.2
|7.9
|4.9
|-
|[[아샨티주]]
|4.2
|5.8
|4.8
|-
|[[브롱아하포주]]
|4.8
|7.6
|5.1
|-
|[[북부주 (가나)|북부주]]
|6.6
|8.9
|6.4
|-
|[[어퍼이스트주]]
|4.9
|7.9
|5.7
|-
|[[어퍼웨스트주]]
|5.2
|6.8
|6.4
|}

== 성별 및 연령별 인구 구조 ==
2015년 7월 1일:<ref>https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/#statistics</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! width="80pt" |연령대
! width="80pt" |남성
! width="80pt" |여성
! width="80pt" |전체
|-
| align="right" |전체
| align="right" |18 562 093
| align="right" |14 108 081
| align="right" |32 670 174
|-
| align="right" |0
| align="right" |425 611
| align="right" |1 415 690
| align="right" |1 841 301
|-
| align="right" |1-4
| align="right" |1 595 165
| align="right" |1 562 944
| align="right" |3 158 109
|-
| align="right" |5–9
| align="right" |1 688 452
| align="right" |1 624 426
| align="right" |3 312 878
|-
| align="right" |10–14
| align="right" |1 567 043
| align="right" |1 530 309
| align="right" |3 097 352
|-
| align="right" |15–19
| align="right" |1 414 987
| align="right" |1 410 591
| align="right" |2 825 578
|-
| align="right" |20–24
| align="right" |1 251 759
| align="right" |1 286 040
| align="right" |2 537 799
|-
| align="right" |25–29
| align="right" |1 083 877
| align="right" |1 168 616
| align="right" |2 252 493
|-
| align="right" |30–34
| align="right" |935 947
| align="right" |1 031 219
| align="right" |1 967 166
|-
| align="right" |35–39
| align="right" |785 200
| align="right" |880 037
| align="right" |1 665 237
|-
| align="right" |40–44
| align="right" |661 789
| align="right" |742 520
| align="right" |1 404 309
|-
| align="right" |45–49
| align="right" |546 030
| align="right" |599 902
| align="right" |1 145 932
|-
| align="right" |50–54
| align="right" |445 531
| align="right" |487 737
| align="right" |933 268
|-
| align="right" |55–59
| align="right" |348 118
| align="right" |379 884
| align="right" |728 002
|-
| align="right" |60–64
| align="right" |270 642
| align="right" |299 974
| align="right" |570 616
|-
| align="right" |65–69
| align="right" |196 219
| align="right" |223 282
| align="right" |419 501
|-
| align="right" |70–74
| align="right" |142 378
| align="right" |170 878
| align="right" |313 256
|-
| align="right" |75–79
| align="right" |196 514
| align="right" |126 573
| align="right" |323 087
|-
| align="right" |80세 이상
| align="right" |306 831
| align="right" |267 459
| align="right" |574 290
|}

== 기대수명 ==

=== 1950-현재 출생시 기대수명 ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!기간
!기대수명
!기간
!기대수명
|-
|1950–1955
|42.17
|1985–1990
|55.32
|-
|1955–1960
|44.66
|1990–1995
|57.78
|-
|1960–1965
|46.9
|1995–2000
|57
|-
|1965–1970
|48.62
|2000–2005
|57.5
|-
|1970–1975
|50.03
|2005–2010
|60.13
|-
|1975–1980
|51.6
|2010–2015
|61.82
|-
|1980–1985
|53.06
|2015-2020
|63.65
|}
출처: 유엔 세계인구전망 2019<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://data.un.org/Data.aspx?q=Ghana&d=PopDiv&f=variableID%3a68%3bcrID%3a288|제목=Life expectancy at birth for both sexes combined (years)|성=United Nations Population Division|날짜=2019-06-17|확인날짜=2021-08-24}}</ref>

== 유엔 인구 통계 ==
출처: 유엔 세계인구전망 2019<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":12" />
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="8" |가나의 인구
|-
!1950
!1970
!1990
!2000
!2005
!2010
!2015
!2019
|-
|503.6만 명
|'''<span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: green ;">↗</span>'''873.5만 명
|'''<span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: green ;">↗</span>'''1477.3만 명
|'''<span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: green ;">↗</span>'''1927.9만 명
|'''<span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: green ;">↗</span>'''2181.5만 명
|'''<span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: green ;">↗</span>'''2478만 명
|'''<span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: green ;">↗</span>'''2784.9만 명
|'''<span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: green ;">↗</span>'''3041.8만 명
|}
[[파일:Ghana population.svg|섬네일|1960-2017 가나의 인구. 단위는 백만 명.]]
'''2019년 유엔 인구 통계'''

총인구: 3040만 명

15세 미만 인구: 37.4%

15~24세 인구: 19.4%

25~64세 인구: 40.2%

65세 이상 인구: 3.1%

[[잠재적 부양률|노인 부양 가능 인구]](65세 이상 노인 1명당 25~64세 노동 인구): 13.0명

[[인구 성장률]]: 2.2%

[[출생률|조출생률]](인구 1000명당): 29.0명

[[합계출산율]]: 3.82명

[[사망률|조사망률]](인구 1000명당): 7.2명

[[영아 사망률|영아사망률]](1살 미만 1000명당): 34명

[[아동사망률|유아사망률]](5세 미만 1000명당): 49명

출생시 [[기대수명]]: 64.1세

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

[[분류:가나의 인구| ]]