{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 411542354
| ImageFile = Natta projection of chloromethane.svg
| ImageFile_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSize = 100
| ImageName = Stereo, skeletal formula of chloromethane with all explicit hydrogens added
| ImageFileL1 = Chloromethane-3D-balls.png
| ImageFileL1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameL1 = Ball and stick model of chloromethane
| ImageFileR1 = Chloromethane-3D-vdW.png
| ImageFileR1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameR1 = Spacefill model of chloromethane
| PIN = chloromethane<ref>{{서적 인용|author=International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry |date=2014 |title=Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 |publisher=The Royal Society of Chemistry |pages=1033 |doi=10.1039/9781849733069 |isbn=978-0-85404-182-4}}</ref>
| OtherNames = {{기호없는 목록|refrigerant-40|R-40<ref name=GESTIS>{{GESTIS|ZVG=11220}}</ref> |methyl chloride<ref name=GESTIS/>|monochloromethane<ref name=GESTIS/>}}
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| Abbreviations = 
| CASNo = 74-87-3
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 6327
| ChemSpiderID = 6087
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| UNII = A6R43525YO
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| EINECS = 200-817-4
| UNNumber = 1063
| KEGG = C19446
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}
| MeSHName = Methyl+Chloride
| ChEBI = 36014
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 117545
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| RTECS = PA6300000
| Beilstein = 1696839
| Gmelin = 24898
| SMILES = CCl
| StdInChI = 1S/CH3Cl/c1-2/h1H3
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C=1 | H=3 | Cl=1
| Appearance = 무색 기체
| Odor = 희미하고 달콤한 냄새<ref name=PGCH/>
| Density = 1.003 g/mL (-23.8&nbsp;°C, liquid)<ref name=GESTIS/> 2.3065 g/L (0&nbsp;°C, gas)<ref name=GESTIS/>
| MeltingPtC = -97.4
| MeltingPt_ref =<ref name=GESTIS/>
| BoilingPtC = -23.8
| BoilingPt_ref =<ref name=GESTIS/>
| Solubility = 5.325 g L<sup>−1</sup>
| LogP = 1.113
| VaporPressure = 506.09 kPa (at {{convert|20|C}})
| HenryConstant = 940 nmol Pa<sup>−1</sup> kg<sup>−1</sup>
| MagSus = -32.0·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
}}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| Coordination = 정방정계
| MolShape = 사면체
| Dipole = 1.9 D
}}
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = −83.68 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
| DeltaHc = −764.5–−763.5 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
| Entropy = 234.36 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup>
}}
|Section5={{Chembox Hazards
| GHSPictograms = {{gHS flame}} {{gHS health hazard}}
| GHSSignalWord = '''DANGER'''
| HPhrases = {{h-phrases|220|351|373}}
| PPhrases = {{p-phrases|210|281|410+403}}
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-F = 4
| NFPA-R = 0
| FlashPtC = −20
| FlashPt_ref =<ref name=GESTIS/>
| AutoignitionPtC = 625
| AutoignitionPt_ref =<ref name=GESTIS/>
| ExploLimits = 8.1%-17.4%<ref name=PGCH/>
| LD50 = 150-180 mg/kg (oral, rat)<ref name=GESTIS/><br>5.3 mg/L/4 h (inhalation, rat)<ref name=GESTIS/>
| PEL = TWA 100 ppm C 200 ppm 300 ppm (5-minute maximum peak in any 3 hours)<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0403}}</ref>
| IDLH = Ca [2000 ppm]<ref name=PGCH/>
| REL = Ca<ref name=PGCH/>
| MainHazards = 발암 물질
| LC50 = 72,000 ppm (rat, 30 min)<br/>2200 ppm (mouse, 6 hr)<br/>2760 ppm (mammal, 4 hr)<br/>2524 ppm (rat, 4 hr)<ref name=IDLH>{{IDLH|74873|Methyl chloride}}</ref>
| LCLo = 20,000 ppm (guinea pig, 2 hr)<br/>14,661 ppm (dog, 6 hr)<ref name=IDLH/>
}}
|Section6={{Chembox Related
| OtherFunction_label = alkanes
| OtherFunction = {{기호없는 목록|[[클로로아이오도메테인]]|[[브로모크로로메테인]]|[[다이브로모클로로메테인]]}}
| OtherCompounds = [[2-클로로에탄올]]
}}
}}

'''클로로메테인'''({{llang|en|chloromethane}})은 [[화학식]]이 {{chem2|CH3Cl}}인 [[유기 화합물]]이다. '''염화 메틸'''({{llang|en|methyl chloride}}), '''냉매-40'''({{llang|en|refrigerant-40}}), '''R-40''', '''HCC 40'''이라고도 한다. [[할로알케인]]들 중 하나이며 무색무취의 인화성 가스이다. 염화 메틸은 산업화학에서 중요한 [[시약]]이지만 소비자용 제품에는 드물게 존재하며<ref name="Ross">{{Ullmann | last1 = Rossberg | first1 = M. | last2 = Lendle | first2 = W. | last3 = Pfleiderer | first3 = G. | last4 = Tögel | first4 = A. | last5 = Dreher | first5 = E. L. | last6 = Langer | first6 = E. | last7 = Rassaerts | first7 = H. | last8 = Kleinschmidt | first8 = P. | last9 = Strack | first9 = H. | last10 = Cook | first10 = R. | last11 = Beck | first11 = U. | last12 = Lipper | first12 = K.-A. | last13 = Torkelson | first13 = T.R.| last14 = Löser | first14 = E. | last15 = Beutel | first15 = K.K. | last16 = Mann | first16 = T. | title= Chlorinated Hydrocarbons| year = 2006 | isbn = 3527306730 | doi=10.1002/14356007.a06_233.pub2 | pmc = }}</ref> 한때 [[냉매]]로 활용되었다.

== 반응 ==
:x MeCl + Si → Me<sub>3</sub>SiCl, Me<sub>2</sub>SiCl<sub>2</sub>, MeSiCl<sub>3</sub>, Me<sub>4</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>, ...

== 안전 ==
염화 메틸 가스를 흡입하면 [[알코올 중독]]과 비슷한 [[중추신경계]]적 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 장기간 노출되면 돌연변이적 영향을 줄 수 있다.<ref name=Ross/>

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[클로로에테인]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
*{{ICSC|0419|04}}
*{{PGCH|0403}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927210420/http://www.inchem.org/documents/sids/sids/CLMETHANE.pdf Data sheet at inchem.org]
* [http://www.inchem.org/documents/pims/chemical/metchlor.htm Toxicological information]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927195226/http://www.eco-usa.net/toxics/clmethan.shtml Information about chloromethane]
* [http://www.inchem.org/documents/cicads/cicads/cicad28.htm Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 28 on chloromethane]
* [http://www.inchem.org/documents/iarc/vol71/026-methylchloride.html IARC Summaries & Evaluations Vol. 71 (1999)]
* [[doi:10.1002/14356007.a06_233.pub4|Ohligschläger et al. (2020). Chloromethanes. In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a06_233.pub4]]
{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:온실 기체]]
[[분류:할로젠화 용매]]
[[분류:할로메테인]]
[[분류:클로로알케인]]
[[분류:냉매]]
[[분류:메틸화제]]