{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
'''벤투리 효과'''(Venturi effect)는 유체가 파이프의 일부에서 압력을 변형하기 위해 제한되도록 설계된 특정 부분 또는 이러한 초크(choke, 유체 흐름 조절 장치)를 통해 흐를 때 발생하는 유체 압력의 감소를 가리킨다. 이러한 벤투리 효과를 기능적으로 보여주도록 설계한 [[유량측정기]](flow meter)를 벤투리 미터(Venturi meter)라고 한다. 벤투리 효과는 발견자인 [[조반니 바티스타 벤투리]](Giovanni Battista Venturi)의 이름을 따서 명명되었다.<ref>{{서적 인용|last1=Venturi |first1=J.B. |title=Recherches Experimentales sur le Principe de la Communication Laterale du Mouvement dans les Fluides appliqué a l'Explication de Differens Phenomènes Hydrauliques |trans-title=Experimental investigations into the principle of the lateral communication of the movement in fluids applied to the explanation of different hydraulic phenomena |date=1797 |publisher=Houel et Ducros and Théophile Barrois |location=Paris, France |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9611865z/f9.image.texteImage |language=French}}
* English translation:  Venturi, J.B. with William Nicholson, trans. (1799) "Experimental researches concerning the principle of the lateral communication of motion in fluids, applied to the explanation of various hydraulic phenomena," ''Journal of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry and the Arts'', vol. 2: [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015011447458;view=1up;seq=212 172–179], 273–276, 422–426, 487–494 ; vol. 3:  [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433069057291;view=1up;seq=23 13–22], 59–61.</ref><ref>{{서적 인용|last1=Venturi |first1=J.B. |last2=Nicholson |first2=William, trans. |editor1-last=Tredgold |editor1-first=Thomas |title=Tracts on Hydraulics |date=1836 |publisher=M. Taylor |location=London, England |pages=123–184 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/tractsonhydraul00tredgoog#page/n135/mode/2up |chapter=Experimental researches concerning the principle of the lateral communication of motion in fluids, applied to the explanation of various hydraulic phenomena}}</ref><ref name="Frazier">{{웹 인용|last=Frazier|first=Arthur H.|title=Water Current Meters|url=http://si-pddr.si.edu/jspui/bitstream/10088/2427/2/SSHT-0028_Lo_res.pdf|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|accessdate=9 July 2012|archive-date=2014-03-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140324094356/http://si-pddr.si.edu/jspui/bitstream/10088/2427/2/SSHT-0028_Lo_res.pdf|url-status=}}</ref><ref>Herschel, Clemens, [http://pdfpiw.uspto.gov/.piw?docid=00381373&PageNum=1 "Apparatus for measuring the quantity of water flowing through a pipe,"] {{웨이백|url=http://pdfpiw.uspto.gov/.piw?docid=00381373&PageNum=1 |date=20180628233437 }} U.S. Letters Patent no. 381,373 (filed:  1887 December 12 ; issued:  1888 April 17).</ref><ref name="Kent">Walter G. Kent (1912) [https://archive.org/stream/appreciationoftw00kentrich/appreciationoftw00kentrich_djvu.txt%201746,%20Clemens%20Herschel,%20Born%201842. "An Appreciation of Two Great Workers in Hydraulics, Giovanni Battista Venturi, Born 1746, Clemens Herschel, Born 1842."]</ref>

==작동원리==
{| class="wikitable"
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|align='center'| [[파일:Venturi5.svg|500px]]
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| (예시)첫 번째 측정 튜브 점1(1)의 압력(p<sub>1</sub>)은 두 번째 제한된 부분 점2(2)에서의 압력(p<sub>2</sub>)보다 높고 (1)의 유체 속도(v<sub>1</sub>)는 (2)의 유체 속도(v<sub>2</sub>)보다 낮다. (1)의 단면적(A<sub>1</sub>)이 (2)에서 A<sub>2</sub>보다 크기 때문이다.  (h) 차압, (ρ) 유체밀도
|}

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[피토관]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

[[분류:유체역학]]