{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}

{{사건 정보
| 이름 = 2022년 남아시아 홍수
| 그림      = South Asia UN.png
| image_size =
| alt        = <!-- (short description of image per [[WP:ALT]]) -->
| 그림설명    = 남아시아의 유엔(UN) 지도
| 날짜   = 2022년 1월 ~ 10월
| 장소   = [[아프가니스탄]], [[방글라데시]], [[인도]], [[네팔]], [[파키스탄]], [[스리랑카]]
| 원인 = 심한 [[계절풍|몬순(계절풍)]]
| 사망자 = 3,709명
| 재산 피해 = 420억 달러([[미국 달러|USD]]) 이상
| missing = 
}}

2022년 1월부터 10월까지 엄청난 강우와 광범위한 [[계절풍|몬순(계절풍)]] [[홍수]]가 [[아프가니스탄]], [[방글라데시]], [[인도]], [[네팔]], [[파키스탄]], 그리고 [[스리랑카]] 같은 [[남아시아]] 국가에서 발생했다. 이 홍수는 2020년 이후로 해당 지역에서 가장 치명적인 홍수가 되었고, 3,700명이 넘는 사람들이 사망했다.

== 배경 ==
[[:en:Monsoon of South Asia|몬순은 남아시아를]] 매년, 주로 6월에서 9월 사이에 강타한다.
매년 홍수는 [[인도 아대륙|인도 아(亞)대륙]], 건물을 붕괴시키고 산사태를 일으킨다.
[[:en:Climate change in South Asia|남아시아의 기후 변화]]는 이런 폭풍을 악화시킨다.
<ref>{{웹 인용|date=2022-07-04 |title=Climate Change and Natural Disasters in South Asia - JK Policy Institute {{!}} Peace & Sustainable Development in J&K |url=https://www.jkpi.org/climate-change-and-natural-disasters-in-south-asia/ |access-date=2022-09-04 |language=en-GB |quote=IPCC reports indicate an increase in Arabian Sea cyclones during the pre and post-monsoon seasons as a response to the rapid ocean warming trends.}}</ref>

== 영향 받은 국가들 ==
=== 파키스탄 ===
{{본문|en:2022 Pakistan floods}}
1월에 [[카이베르파크툰크와주]]의 홍수로 8명이 사망했지만,<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Pakistan – 8 Killed After Heavy Rain Causes Damage and Landslides in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|url=https://floodlist.com/asia/khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan-landslide-january-2022|author=Richard Davies|date=24 January 2022}}</ref> 2022년 6월부터 홍수가 대부분의 파키스탄에서 발생하면서, 약 3,300만 명의 사람들, 즉 국가 인구의 12%가 영향을 받았다.
<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Pakistan: 2022 Monsoon Floods – Situation Report No. 03: As of 26 August 2022|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/pakistan/pakistan-2022-monsoon-floods-situation-report-no-03-26-august-2022|work=[[:en:ReliefWeb]]|date=26 August 2022|access-date=26 August 2022|archive-date=26 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826192055/https://reliefweb.int/report/pakistan/pakistan-2022-monsoon-floods-situation-report-no-03-26-august-2022|url-status=live}}</ref>
200만 채가 넘는 집들이 홍수 때문에 손상되거나 파괴되었고,<ref name="PK_1">{{웹 인용|title=Worst rains and floods; 1128 people dead, more than 4 crore people homeless – Pakistan|url=https://hoshyarpakistan.com/national/more-than-4-crore-people-homeless/|website=hoshyarpakistan|date=27 August 2022|access-date=27 August 2022|archive-date=27 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220827211426/https://hoshyarpakistan.com/national/more-than-4-crore-people-homeless/|url-status=live}}</ref>
400억 달러([[미국 달러|USD]])가 넘는 피해가 생겼다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=UN chief appeals for 'massive' help as flood-hit Pakistan puts losses at $30bn|url=https://amp.theguardian.com/world/2022/sep/09/un-chief-appeals-for-massive-help-as-flood-hit-pakistan-puts-losses-at-30bn|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=9 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{뉴스 인용|last=Chaudhary |first=Archana |date=29 August 2022 |title=Pakistan Flood Death Toll Passes 1,000 in 'Climate Catastrophe' |language=en |work=[[:en:Bloomberg News]] |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-29/floods-ravage-pakistan-passing-1-000-dead-10-billion-in-damage |access-date=29 August 2022 |url-access=subscription }}</ref>
최소 1,717명이 홍수로 사망했고,<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Pakistan Monsoon Floods 2022 Islamic Relief Pakistan (12 October, 2022)|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/pakistan/pakistan-monsoon-floods-2022-islamic-relief-pakistan-12-october-2022|work=[[:en:ReliefWeb]]|date=12 October 2022}}</ref>
대부분은 [[신드주]], [[발루치스탄주]], [[카이베르파크툰크와주]], 그리고 [[펀자브주 (파키스탄)|펀자브주]] 지역이다.<ref>{{웹 인용 |url=http://cms.ndma.gov.pk/storage/app/public/situation-reports/September2022/JlZ5a1ZTChToPJ1r6wD8.pdf |title=NDMA Monsoon 2022 Daily Situation Report No 086 |work=[[:en:National Disaster Management Authority (Pakistan)|National Disaster Management Authority]] |last=Khan |first=Muhammad Ali |date=7 September 2022 |access-date=7 September 2022 |archive-date=2023-08-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230824113808/http://cms.ndma.gov.pk/storage/app/public/situation-reports/September2022/JlZ5a1ZTChToPJ1r6wD8.pdf |url-status= }}</ref><ref name="NATION">{{웹 인용|title=WHO warns of health crisis as floods death toll crosses 1,300|url=https://nation.com.pk/amp/2022/09/01/who-warns-of-health-crisis-as-floods-death-toll-crosses-1300/|work=[[:en:The Nation]]|date=1 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|title=Global aid arriving as cataclysmic floods overwhelm Pakistan|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/aid-groups-pakistan-seek-easing-restrictions-food-imports-india-2022-08-31/?UTM_CAMPAIGN=Big_Moments&UTM_SOURCE=Google&UTM_MEDIUM=Sponsored|work=[[Reuters]]|date=31 August 2022|author=Syed Raza Hassanand|author2=Asif Shahzad}}</ref><ref name="PK_1" />

=== 아프가니스탄 ===
: ''이 부분은 [[:en:2022 Afghanistan floods]]의 인용입니다.''

[[파일:Afghanistan map - 2.png|섬네일|아프가니스탄의 지도]]

2022년 5월 홍수가 [[아프가니스탄]]의 몇몇 지역에 발생하면서 429명이 사망했다.<ref name="D_29">{{웹 인용|title=Afghanistan – Flash Floods Cause Fatalities and Severe Damage|url=https://floodlist.com/asia/afghanistan-floods-may-2022|author=Richard Davies|date=5 May 2022}}</ref><ref name="D_400">{{웹 인용|title=Recent floods in Afghanistan caused by incessant rain kill 400 people|url=https://wap.business-standard.com/article-amp/international/recent-floods-in-afghanistan-caused-by-incessant-rain-kill-400-people-122062300241_1.html|date=23 June 2022|website=business-standard.com|access-date=5 August 2022|archive-date=27 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627034545/https://wap.business-standard.com/article-amp/international/recent-floods-in-afghanistan-caused-by-incessant-rain-kill-400-people-122062300241_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
7월에 40명 그리고 6월에 19명뿐만 아니라 8월에 홍수로 182명이 사망했다고 나중에 보도되었다.<ref name="D_1570">{{웹 인용|title=Afghanistan Floods, Quakes Kill Over 1,500 People in Two Months|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-09-03/afghanistan-floods-quakes-kill-over-1-500-people-in-two-months|work=[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]]|date=3 September 2022}}</ref><ref name="D_820">{{웹 인용|title=Nearly 100 dead in Afghanistan floods, officials say|url=https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2022/08/23/asia/afghanistan-floods-august-deaths-intl-hnk/index.html|author=Tara Subramaniam|author2=Masoud Popalzai|author3=Alex Stambaugh|work=[[CNN]]|date=23 August 2022}}</ref><ref name="D_200">{{웹 인용|title=Flash floods kill 18, injure 40 in Afghanistan's Kunar province|url=https://english.news.cn/20220829/47d7e4395ade4f0183dadfa8200956fa/c.html|date=29 August 2022|work=[[신화통신사]]}}</ref><ref name="D_182">{{웹 인용|date=25 August 2022 |title=Heavy rains set off flash floods, killing 182 in Afghanistan |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2150116/amp |work=[[:en:Arab News]]}}</ref>
6월부터 8월까지 국민들이 [[호스트주]]의 [[:en:June 2022 Afghanistan earthquake|지진]]에서 회복하던 무렵에, 홍수가 한 번 더 강타하면서 6월에 19명, 7월에 39명, 그리고 8월에 182명이 사망했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|date=29 August 2022 |title=Flash floods kill 18, injure 40 in Afghanistan's Kunar province |url=https://english.news.cn/20220829/47d7e4395ade4f0183dadfa8200956fa/c.html |work=[[신화통신사]]}}</ref><ref name="D_1822">{{웹 인용|date=25 August 2022 |title=Heavy rains set off flash floods, killing 182 in Afghanistan |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2150116/amp |work=[[:en:Arab News]]}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|author=Richard Davies |date=1 July 2022 |title=Afghanistan – 19 Killed in Flash Floods in Eastern Provinces |url=https://floodlist.com/asia/afghanistan-floods-eastern-provinces-june-2022}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|author=Richard Davies |date=13 July 2022 |title=Afghanistan – Thousands of Homes Damaged, 39 Lives Lost After More Flash Floods |url=https://floodlist.com/asia/afghanistan-floods-update-july-2022}}</ref>

=== 인도 ===
5월 말에 홍수가 [[아삼주]] 그리고 [[비하르주]]의 4,000개가 넘는 마을에 발생해서, 최소 186명의 사람들이 사망했다.<ref>{{뉴스 인용|others=Special Correspondent |date=2022-07-06 |title=Encephalitis deaths add to post-flood worries in Assam |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/encephalitis-deaths-add-to-post-flood-worries-in-assam/article65608737.ece |access-date=2022-09-01 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용 |date=4 July 2022 |title=Death Toll in Assam and Bihar Floods Touches 170, Both States Continue to Battle Heavy Deluge |url=https://travel.earth/assam-and-bihar-floods/amp/ |website=Travel.earth |확인날짜=2023-04-04 |archive-date=2023-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327150300/https://travel.earth/assam-and-bihar-floods/amp/ |url-status= }}</ref>
홍수는 아삼주에서 6월까지 계속 발생해서 추가로 200명이 사망했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|date=2022-06-29 |title=Assam floods: 12 more dead, 31.5 lakh affected, Silchar still under water |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/assam-floods-12-more-dead-31-5-lakh-affected-silchar-still-under-water-101656523143090.html |access-date=2022-08-29 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>
6월부터 7월까지 [[마하라슈트라주]]에서 홍수로 105명이 사망했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=105 killed in Maharashtra because of heavy rainfall and floods since June 1|url=https://amp.scroll.in/latest/1028519/105-killed-in-maharashtra-because-of-heavy-rainfall-and-floods-since-june-1|date=18 July 2022}}</ref>
6월부터 8월까지 홍수는 국가의 북서쪽에도 발생해서, [[우타라칸드주]]에서 40명이 사망하고 13명이 실종됐으며 [[히마찰프라데시주]]에서는 276명이 사망했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Over 1,500 People Died In Last 5 Years During Monsoon In Himachal Pradesh|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/over-1-500-people-died-in-last-5-years-during-monsoon-in-himachal-pradesh-3294273/amp/1|date=28 August 2022|work=[[:en:NDTV]]}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|title=Northern India: 40 killed in floods and landslides as forecasters warn of more heavy rain to come|url=https://news.sky.com/story/amp/northern-india-40-killed-in-floods-and-landslides-as-forecasters-warn-of-more-heavy-rain-to-come-12678863|work=[[Sky News]]|date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
홍수는 [[오디샤주]]에도 발생해서 6명이 사망했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Heavy rains trigger flood fury in Madhya Pradesh, Odisha; 6 dead|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/heavy-rains-trigger-flood-fury-in-mp-odisha-6-dead-101661195462428-amp.html|date=23 August 2022|work=[[힌두스탄 타임스]]}}</ref>
[[구자라트주]]에서는 6월부터 홍수로 최소 61명이 사망했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=India – Heavy Rain and Floods in Gujarat Affect Over 1 Million|url=https://floodlist.com/asia/india-floods-gujarat-july-2022|date=12 July 2022|author=Richard Davies}}</ref>
6월 30일, [[마니푸르주]] [[:en:Noney district|노네이 지구]]에서 산사태가 발생해서 58명이 사망하고 3명이 실종되고 18명이 부상당했다.<ref>{{뉴스 인용|title=Manipur landslide: 2 more bodies recovered after search op officially ended |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/manipur-landslide-2-more-bodies-recovered-after-search-op-officially-ended-101658644650112.html |access-date=20 August 2022 |work=Hindustan Times |date=24 July 2022}}</ref>
7월 8일, [[잠무카슈미르주]]에서 [[:en:2022 Amarnath floods|2022년 아마르나트 순례]] 동안에 홍수로 16명이 사망하고 40명이 실종됐다.<ref>{{웹 인용| url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/amarnath-cloudburst-live-updates-yatra-cloudburst-death-toll-rescue-kedarnath-rainfall-maharashtra-mumbai-imd-forecast-livenews-5519041.html | title=Amarnath Cloudburst LIVE Updates: Alert in Ramban, J&K Forces on Watch Amid Inclement Weather; 16 Dead | date=9 July 2022 }}</ref>
8월 18일부터 23일까지 [[:en:2022 North Indian Ocean cyclone season#Deep Depression BOB 06|열대 폭풍]]이 인도 동쪽 해안에 홍수를 발생시켜서 14명이 사망했다.<ref>{{뉴스 인용|date=August 21, 2022|title=Cox's Bazar trawler capsize: 5 bodies recovered in two days|work=[[:en:The Business Standard]]|url=https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/coxs-bazar-trawler-capsize-5-bodies-recovered-two-days-481026|access-date=August 21, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{뉴스 인용|date=August 21, 2022|title=3 die as heavy rain with wind lashes Jharkhand; effects normal life|work=[[:en:Business Standard]]|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/3-die-as-heavy-rain-with-wind-lashes-jharkhand-effects-normal-life-122082000997_1.html|access-date=August 21, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{뉴스 인용|date=August 23, 2022|title=Heavy rains trigger flood fury in Madhya Pradesh, Odisha; 6 dead|work=[[힌두스탄 타임스]]|author=Debabrata Mohanty|author2=Shruti Tomar|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/heavy-rains-trigger-flood-fury-in-mp-odisha-6-dead-101661195462428.html|access-date=August 23, 2022}}</ref>
9월에 [[우타르 프라데시주]]에서 홍수로 수백 채의 집이 손상되었고 12명이 사망했으며, 붕괴된 벽 때문에 사망한 9명이 포함된다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=12 dead after homes collapse during torrential rain in India|url=https://www.expressandstar.com/news/world-news/2022/09/16/12-dead-after-houses-collapse-during-torrential-rain-in-india/|website=expressandstar.com|date= 16 September 2022}}</ref>
10월에 홍수로 18명의 사람이 사망했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=At least 18 dead in monsoonal India floods|url= https://thewest.com.au/news/natural-disasters/at-least-18-dead-in-monsoonal-india-floods-c-8503326|author=Tanvi Mehta|work=[[:en:The West Australian]]|date= 10 October 2022}}</ref>
통틀어서 5월부터 인도에서는 최소 969명의 사람들이 홍수 때문에 사망했다.

=== 방글라데시 ===
{{본문|en:2022 India–Bangladesh floods}}

5월 17일부터 홍수는 방글라데시 몇몇 지역에서 발생했다.
최소 141명의 사람들이 사망했고, 대부분 [[실렛주]]에서 일어났다.<ref>{{뉴스 인용|title=Flood death toll rises to 141 in Bangladesh|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2022/08/22/flood-death-toll-rises-to-141-in-bangladesh|work=[[:en:Dhaka Tribune]]|date=22 August 2022}}</ref>
10월에는 [[:en:Cyclone Sitrang|열대성 저기압 시트랑(Sitrang)]] 때문에 추가로 35명의 사망자가 발생했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Cyclone Sitrang kills 35 in Bangladesh: Officials|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/world/south-asia/cyclone-sitrang-kills-35-in-bangladesh-officials/amp_articleshow/95085350.cms|work=[[타임스 오브 인디아]]}}</ref>

=== 네팔 ===
2022년 1월부터 9월까지 홍수와 산사태로 네팔에서 최소 70명이 사망했다.<ref name="NEPAL" />
9월 16일, [[:en:Achham District|어참 지구]]에서 산사태로 22명의 사람들이 사망하고 10명이 실종되었다.<ref name="NEPAL">{{웹 인용|title=Death toll from western Nepal landslide rises to 22|url=https://m.gulf-times.com/story/724465/Death-toll-from-western-Nepal-landslide-rises-to-2|work=[[:en:Gulf Times]]|date=5 September 2022 }}</ref>
10월에 대홍수로 최소 46명이 사망하고 22명이 실종됐으며, [[카르날리주]]는 최악의 피해를 당했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Nepal: Floods and Landslides - Oct 2022|url=https://reliefweb.int/disaster/fl-2022-000347-npl|work=[[:en:ReliefWeb]]}}</ref><ref>{{뉴스 인용|title=At least 33 killed in Nepal flooding and landslides|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-63224454|work=[[BBC News]]|date=12 October 2022 }}</ref>

=== 스리랑카 ===
6월에 스리랑카에서 홍수로 인한 3건의 사망이 보도되었고, 수백 채의 집이 손상됐었다.<ref>{{뉴스 인용|author=Richard Davies |date=3 August 2022 |title=Sri Lanka – Over 2,000 Displaced and 3 Dead After Heavy Rain, Floods and Landslides |work=FloodList |url=https://floodlist.com/asia/sri-lanka-floods-august-2022}}</ref>
10월에 추가로 3건의 사망이 발생했고 210여 채가 넘는 집들이 손상되거나 파괴되었다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Sri Lanka – 3 Dead, 5,000 Evacuated After Heavy Rain and Floods|url=https://floodlist.com/asia/sri-lanka-floods-october-2022|author=Richard Davies}}</ref>

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

[[분류:2022년 스리랑카|2022 홍수]]
[[분류:인도의 홍수|2022]]
[[분류:스리랑카의 홍수|2022]]
[[분류:2022년 5월]]
[[분류:2022년 6월]]
[[분류:2022년 7월]]
[[분류:2022년 8월]]
[[분류:2022년 9월]]
[[분류:2022년 10월]]
[[분류:2022년 네팔]]