{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:QuiriguaStela1.jpg|섬네일]]
'''키리과'''(Quiriguá, 스페인어 발음: [kiɾiˈɣwa])는 [[과테말라]] 남동부의 [[이사발주]]에 있는 고대 [[마야 문명|마야]] [[유적|고고학 유적지]]이다. [[모타구아강]] 하류를 따라 약 3평방 킬로미터(1.2평방 마일)에 달하는 중간 규모의 부지이며, 의식의 중심지는 북쪽 제방에서 약 1km(0.6마일) 떨어져 있다. 마야 고전 시대(AD 200~900) 동안 키리과는 여러 중요한 무역로의 교차점에 위치해 있었다. 이 부지에는 200명이 거주했고, 아크로폴리스 건설은 약 550년에 시작되었으며, 8세기에 대규모 건축이 폭발적으로 시작되었다. 초기 [[메소아메리카|포스트클래식]] 시대(900년 경 ~ 1200년 경)의 짧은 재점유 기간을 제외하고 모든 건설은 약 850년에 중단되었다. 키리과는 역사가 밀접하게 얽혀 있는 인근 고전 시대 도시인 [[코판]]과 건축 및 조각 스타일을 공유한다.

8세기 키리과의 급속한 확장은 738년 카크 틸리우 찬 요파아트(K'ak' Tiliw Chan Yopaat) 왕이 코판에 대해 군사적 승리를 거둔 것과 관련이 있다. 코판의 가장 위대한 왕인 와사클라주운 웁아 카윌("18-토끼")이 패배했을 때, 그는 체포되어 키리과의 그레이트플라자(Great Plaza)에서 희생되었다. 그 전에 키리과는 코판의 [[봉신국]]이었지만 이후에는 독립을 유지했다. 키리과의 의식 건축물은 매우 소박하지만, 이 장소의 중요성은 [[신대륙]]에서 지금까지 세워진 가장 높은 석조 기념물 조각품을 포함하여 풍부한 조각품에 있다. 역사적 중요성으로 인해 키리과 유적지는 1981년 [[유네스코]] [[세계유산]] 목록에 등재되었다.

== 출처 ==
{{참고 자료 시작|indent=yes}}<!--BEGIN biblio format. -->
* {{웹 인용 |author=Ashmore, Wendy |year=1980 |url=http://penn.museum/documents/publications/expedition/PDFs/23-1/The%20Classic.pdf |title=The Classic Maya Settlement at Quirigua: Recent agricultural activities have helped reveal the extent of the buried settlement |access-date=2009-08-20 |format=[[PDF]] online publication |publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology]] |archive-date=2019-12-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191205200208/https://www.penn.museum/documents/publications/expedition/PDFs/23-1/The%20Classic.pdf |url-status= }}
* {{저널 인용|author=Ashmore, Wendy   | date=January 1984 |title=Classic Maya Wells at Quirigua, Guatemala: Household Facilities in a Water-Rich Setting |journal=[[American Antiquity]] |location=Menasha, Wisconsin |publisher=[[Society for American Archaeology]] |volume=49 |issue=1 |pages=147–153 |issn=0002-7316 |oclc=1479302|doi=10.2307/280519|jstor=280519}}
* {{서적 인용|author=Ashmore, Wendy   |year=2007 |title=Settlement Archaeology at Quiriguá, Guatemala |series=University Museum monograph, no. 126; Quirigua Reports, vol. 4|location=Philadelphia |publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology]] |isbn=978-1-931707-91-6 |oclc=74460023}}
* {{웹 인용 |author=Banco de Guatemala |url=http://www.banguat.gob.gt/inc/ver.asp?id=/monedasybilletes/ilustraciones-11-denominaciones.htm&e=40306 |title=Monedas |access-date=2009-02-10 |publisher=Banco de Guatemala |language=es |archive-date=2019-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527223624/http://www.banguat.gob.gt/inc/ver.asp?id=/monedasybilletes/ilustraciones-11-denominaciones.htm |url-status= }}
* {{서적 인용|author=Coe, Michael D.   |author-link=Michael D. Coe |year=1999 |title=The Maya |edition=6th, fully revised and expanded |series=Ancient peoples and places series|location=London and New York |publisher=[[Thames & Hudson]] |isbn=0-500-28066-5 |oclc=59432778}}
* {{서적 인용|author=Demarest, Arthur A. |author-link=Arthur Demarest |author2=Prudence M. Rice |author2-link=Prudence M. Rice |author3=Don Stephen Rice |year=2005 |chapter=The Terminal Classic in the Maya lowlands: Assessing collapses, transitions, and transformations |editor=Arthur A. Demarest |editor2=Prudence M. Rice |editor3=Don S. Rice |title=The Terminal Classic in the Maya lowlands: Collapse, transition, and transformation |edition=1st pbk |location=Boulder |publisher=[[University Press of Colorado]] |pages=[https://archive.org/details/terminalclassici00arth/page/545 545–572] |isbn=0-87081-822-8 |oclc=61719499 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/terminalclassici00arth/page/545 }}
* {{서적 인용|author=Drew, David |year=1999 |title=The Lost Chronicles of the Maya Kings |location=London |publisher=[[Weidenfeld & Nicolson]] |isbn=0-297-81699-3 |oclc=43401096 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/lostchroniclesof0000drew_j2y5 }}
* {{서적 인용|author=Huxley, Aldous   |author-link=Aldous Huxley |year=1950 |orig-year=1934 |title=Beyond the Mexique Bay: A Traveller's Journal |edition=Reprint |location=London |publisher=[[Chatto & Windus]] |oclc=256049361}}
* {{웹 인용|author=Inforpress   |url=http://www.inforpressca.com/losamates/diagnostico.pdf |title=Diagnóstico de la Municipalidad de Los Amates Departamento de Izabal |access-date=2009-02-10 |publisher=Inforpress Centroamericana|language=es}}
* {{서적 인용|author=Jones, Christopher   |year=1983 |chapter=Paper No. 13: Monument 26, Quirigua, Guatemala |editor=Edward M. Schortman and Patricia A. Urban (volume eds.) |others=[[Robert J. Sharer]] (general ed.) |title=Quirigua Reports&nbsp;II: Papers 6–15 |edition=1st, cloth |series=University Museum monograph, no. 49; Quirigua reports, vol. 2 |location=Philadelphia. PA |publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology]] |pages=118–128|isbn=978-0-934718-48-6|oclc=67294894}}
* {{서적 인용|author=Kelly, Joyce   |year=1996 |title=An Archaeological Guide to Northern Central America: Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador |location=Norman |publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press]] |isbn=0-8061-2858-5 |oclc=34658843}}
* {{저널 인용|author=Looper, Matthew G.   |year=1999 |title=New Perspectives on the Late Classic Political History of Quirigua, Guatemala |journal=Ancient Mesoamerica |location=Cambridge and New York|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=263–280 |issn=0956-5361 |oclc=86542758|doi=10.1017/S0956536199101135}}
* {{서적 인용|author=Looper, Matthew G. |year=2003 |title=Lightning Warrior: Maya Art and Kingship at Quirigua |series=Linda Schele series in Maya and pre-Columbian studies |location=Austin |publisher=[[University of Texas Press]] |isbn=0-292-70556-5 |oclc=52208614 |url=https://archive.org/details/lightningwarrior0000loop }}
* {{서적 인용|author=Martin, Simon |author-link=Simon Martin (Mayanist) |author2=Nikolai Grube |author2-link=Nikolai Grube |year=2000 |title=Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens: Deciphering the Dynasties of the Ancient Maya |location=London and New York |publisher=[[Thames & Hudson]] |isbn=0-500-05103-8 |oclc=47358325 |url=https://archive.org/details/chronicleofmayak00mart }}
* {{서적 인용|author=Miller, Mary Ellen |author-link=Mary Miller (art historian) |year=1999 |title=Maya Art and Architecture |location=London and New York |publisher=[[Thames & Hudson]] |isbn=0-500-20327-X |oclc=41659173 |url=https://archive.org/details/mayaartarchitect00mill }}
* {{웹 인용 |author=San Diego Museum of Man (a) |author-link=San Diego Museum of Man |url=http://www.museumofman.org/casts-our-maya-monuments |year=n.d. |title=Casts of our Maya Monuments |publisher=San Diego Museum of Man |access-date=2010-06-16 |archive-date=2015-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151013202158/http://www.museumofman.org/casts-our-maya-monuments |url-status= }}
* {{웹 인용 |author=San Diego Museum of Man (b) |url=http://www.museumofman.org/exhibit/maya-heart-sky-heart-earth |year=n.d. |title=Maya: Heart of Sky, Heart of Earth |publisher=San Diego Museum of Man |access-date=2010-06-16 |archive-date=2015-10-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008080942/http://www.museumofman.org/exhibit/maya-heart-sky-heart-earth |url-status= }}
* {{서적 인용|author=Scarborough, Vernon L.|author-link=Vernon Scarborough|year=1991|chapter=Courting in the Southern Maya Lowlands: A Study in Pre-Hispanic Ballgame Architecture|editor=Vernon Scarborough|editor2=David R. Wilcox|title=The Mesoamerican Ballgame|location=Tucson|publisher=[[University of Arizona Press]]|pages=[https://archive.org/details/mesoamericanball0000unse/page/129 129–144]|isbn=0-8165-1360-0|oclc=51873028|chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/mesoamericanball0000unse/page/129}}
* {{웹 인용|author=Schele, Linda   |author-link=Linda Schele |author2=Khristaan D. Villela |title=Creation, Cosmos, and the Imagery of Palenque and Copan |url=http://www.mesoweb.com/pari/publications/RT10/Creation.pdf |format=[[PDF]] online publication |work=Mesoweb articles |publisher=Mesoweb: An Exploration of Mesoamerican Cultures |access-date=2009-01-11}}
* {{서적 인용|author=Sharer, Robert J.   |author-link=Robert Sharer |year=2000 |chapter=The Maya Highlands and the Adjacent Pacific Coast |editor=Richard E.W. Adams |editor2=Murdo J. Macleod |title=The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas, Vol. II: Mesoamerica, part 1 |location=Cambridge, UK |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |pages=449–499|isbn=0-521-35165-0 |oclc=33359444}}
* {{서적 인용|author=Sharer, Robert J.   |author-link=Robert Sharer |author2=David W. Sedat|author3=Loa P. Traxler|author4=Julia C. Miller|author5=Ellen E. Bell |year=2005 |chapter=Early Classic Royal Power in Copan: The Origins and Development of the Acropolis (ca. AD&nbsp;250–600) |editor=E. Wyllys Andrews V |editor2=William L. Fash |title=Copán: The History of an Ancient Maya Kingdom |location=Santa Fe and Oxford|publisher=[[School of American Research]] Press and James Currey Ltd. |isbn=0-85255-981-X|oclc=56194789}}
* {{서적 인용|author=Sharer, Robert J. |author-link=Robert Sharer |author2=Loa P. Traxler |year=2006 |title=The Ancient Maya |edition=6th, fully revised |location=Stanford, California |publisher=[[Stanford University Press]] |isbn=0-8047-4817-9 |oclc=57577446 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/ancientmaya0006shar }}
* {{서적 인용|author=Sheets, Payson D.   |year=2000 |chapter=The Southeast Frontiers of Mesoamerica |editor=Richard E.W. Adams |editor2=Murdo J. Macleod |title=The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas, Vol. II: Mesoamerica, part 1 |location=Cambridge, UK |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |pages=407–448|isbn=0-521-35165-0 |oclc=33359444}}
* {{저널 인용|author=Stross, Fred H.   |author2=Payson Sheets|author3=Frank Asaro|author4=Helen V. Michel | date=April 1983 |title=Precise Characterization of Guatemalan Obsidian Sources, and Source Determination of Artifacts from Quirigua |journal=[[American Antiquity]] |location=Menasha, Wisconsin |publisher=[[Society for American Archaeology]] |volume=48 |issue=2 |pages=323–346 |issn=0002-7316 |oclc=1479302|doi=10.2307/280454 |jstor=280454|url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6jp2h309}}
* {{서적 인용|author=Stuart, David   |author-link=David Stuart (Mayanist) |author2=George Stuart |year=2008 |title=Palenque: Eternal City of the Maya |location=London |publisher=[[Thames & Hudson]] |isbn=978-0-500-05156-6|oclc=227016561}}
* {{웹 인용|author=Torres, Estuardo |url=http://www.mcd.gob.gt/2009/04/03/parque-arqueologico-quirigua/ |title=Parque Arqueológico Quiriguá |access-date=2009-08-14 |publisher=Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes |language=es |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090513032336/http://www.mcd.gob.gt/2009/04/03/parque-arqueologico-quirigua/ |archive-date=May 13, 2009 }}
* {{웹 인용|author=Trustees of the British Museum |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/article_index/a/alfred_p_maudslay_1850-1931.aspx |year=n.d. |title=Alfred P. Maudslay (1850–1931) |work=The British Museum: Explore/Highlights |publisher=[[British Museum|Trustees of the British Museum]] |access-date=2009-02-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090120175510/http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/article_index/a/alfred_p_maudslay_1850-1931.aspx |archive-date=2009-01-20 }}
* {{웹 인용|author=UNESCO World Heritage Centre   |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/149 |title=Archaeological Park and Ruins of Quirigua |access-date=2009-02-10 |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre}}
* {{서적 인용|author=Webster, David L. |year=2002 |title=The Fall of the Ancient Maya: Solving the Mystery of the Maya Collapse |location=London |publisher=[[Thames & Hudson]] |isbn=0-500-05113-5 |oclc=48753878 |url=https://archive.org/details/fallofancientmay0000webs }}

{{참고 자료 끝}}<!-- END biblio format style -->

== 외부 링크 ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090513032336/http://www.mcd.gob.gt/2009/04/03/parque-arqueologico-quirigua/ Official Site in Spanish]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150906185620/http://www.mayadiscovery.com/ing/archaeology/quirigua.htm Enigmatic Quiriguá]
* [http://www.baudelet.net/voyage/guatemala/quirigua.htm Good photos of Quiriguá Stela]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081218133950/http://www.authenticmaya.com/quirigua1.htm History and Photo Gallery]
* [http://www.mayaexploration.org/images/maps/quirigua_sharer.pdf Map of Quiriguá site core]
* [http://www.wdl.org/en/item/377/ Monument of the Ancient Mayan Race, Quiriguá, Guatemala] as photographed and written by [[Frank G. Carpenter]]
* [http://www.famsi.org/reports/97082/images/fig1_2.gif Photo of Zoomorph P taken in 1883] at [http://www.famsi.org FAMSI]
* [http://www.famsi.org/research/vanstone/2012/2012Part2.pdf Discussion of Quirigua Stela C "Creation" text (pages 29-40)]
* [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/149 Quiriguá at UNESCO World Heritage List]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20030212212309/http://ease.com/~randyj/quirigua.htm Quiriguá: A Mayan Legacy in Stone]
{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:마야 유적]]
[[분류:과테말라의 세계유산]]
[[분류:과테말라의 유적]]