{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 461740157
| ImageFile = Potassium perchlorate.png
| ImageSize = 200px
| ImageFileL1 = Potassium-perchlorate-unit-cell-3D-balls-perspective.png
| ImageSizeL1 = 200px
| ImageFileR1 = Potassium-perchlorate-xtal-3D-SF.png
| ImageSizeR1 = 200px
| ImageFile2 = Potassium perchlorate 200g.jpg
| ImageSize2 = 200px
| Name = 과염소산 칼륨
| OtherNames = Potassium chlorate(VII);  Perchloric acid, potassium salt; peroidin
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 22913
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 1200696
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 42255P5X4D
| InChI = 1/ClHO4.K/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1
| InChIKey = YLMGFJXSLBMXHK-REWHXWOFAB
| SMILES = [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/ClHO4.K/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = YLMGFJXSLBMXHK-UHFFFAOYSA-M
| CASNo = 7778-74-7
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 516900
| EINECS = 231-912-9
| RTECS = SC9700000
| UNNumber = 1489
  }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = KClO<sub>4</sub>
| MolarMass = 138.55 g/mol
| Appearance = colourless/ white crystalline powder
| Density = 2.5239 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPtC = 610
| MeltingPt_notes = <br> decomposes from 400 °C<ref name=hop>{{서적 인용|last1 = Benenson|first1 = Walter|last2 = Stöcker|first2 = Horst|title = Handbook of Physics| date=13 January 2006 |publisher = Springer|page = [https://archive.org/details/handbookofphysic0000harr/page/780 780]|isbn = 978-0387952697|url = https://archive.org/details/handbookofphysic0000harr/page/780}}</ref><ref name="sigma" />
| Solubility = 0.76 g/100 mL (0 °C)<br> 1.5 g/100 mL (25 °C)<ref name = jtbaker>{{웹 인용|url=http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/p5983.htm|publisher=[[J.T. Baker]]|title = Potassium Perchlorate MSDS|date=2007-02-16|access-date=2007-12-10}}</ref><br> 4.76 g/100 mL (40 °C)<br> 21.08 g/100 mL (100 °C)<ref name=chemister>{{웹 인용|url=http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=519|title=potassium perchlorate|website=chemister.ru|access-date=14 April 2018}}</ref>
| SolubleOther = negligible in [[ethanol|alcohol]]<br>  insoluble in [[diethyl ether|ether]]
| Solubility1 = 47 mg/kg (0 °C)<br> 120 mg/kg (25 °C)<ref name = chemister />
| Solvent1 = ethanol
| Solubility2 = 1.6 g/kg<ref name = chemister />
| Solvent2 = acetone
| Solubility3 = 15 mg/kg<ref name = chemister />
| Solvent3 = ethyl acetate
| RefractIndex = 1.4724
| SolubilityProduct = 1.05·10<sup>−2</sup><ref>{{웹 인용| url=http://www.solubilityofthings.com/water/ions_solubility/ksp_chart.php | title=Ksp solubility product constants of many popular salts at SolubilityOFthings}}</ref>
  }}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| Coordination = 
| CrystalStruct = Rhombohedral
  }}
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = -433 kJ/mol<ref name=b1>{{서적 인용|author=Zumdahl, Steven S.|title=Chemical Principles 6th Ed.|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Company|year=2009|isbn=978-0-618-94690-7|page=A22}}</ref>
| HeatCapacity = 111.35 J/mol·K<ref name=nist>{{nist|name=Potassium perchlorate|id=C7778747|accessdate=2014-05-27|mask=FFFF|units=SI}}</ref>
| DeltaGf = -300.4 kJ/mol<ref name = chemister />
| Entropy = 150.86 J/mol·K<ref name=nist />
 }}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [http://physchem.ox.ac.uk/MSDS/PO/potassium_perchlorate.html MSDS]
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS03}}{{GHS07}}<ref name="sigma">[[Sigma-Aldrich|Sigma-Aldrich Co.]], [https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/product/sigald/241830 Potassium perchlorate]. Retrieved on 2022-02-17.</ref>
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|271|302|335|}}<ref name="sigma" />
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|220|280}}<ref name="sigma" />
| NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 1
| NFPA-S = OX
| FlashPt =
  }}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[Potassium chloride]]<br> [[Potassium chlorate]]<br> [[Potassium periodate]]
| OtherCations = [[Ammonium perchlorate]]<br> [[Sodium perchlorate]]
  }}
}}
'''과염소산 칼륨'''(Potassium perchlorate)은 화학식 [[칼륨|K]][[염소 (원소)|Cl]][[산소|O<sub>4</sub>]]를 갖는 무기[[염]]이다. 다른 [[과염소산염]]들처럼 이 염은 강한 [[산화제]]이지만 유기물질과 매우 느리게 반응하는 것이 일반적이다. 보통 무색의 고체 결정으로 취득되는 이 물질은 [[불꽃놀이]], [[탄약]], [[퍼커션 캡]], [[신관 (장치)|신관]]에 흔히 사용되는 산화제이며 [[추진제]], [[섬광 분말]], 스파클러 등에 다양하게 사용된다. [[고체 로켓]] 추진제로도 사용되지만 더 높은 성능의 [[과염소산 암모늄]]으로 대체되었다.

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[염소산염]]
* [[아이오딘화물]]
== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* [http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C7778747 WebBook page for KClO<sub>4</sub>]

{{칼륨 화합물}}

[[분류:칼륨 화합물]]
[[분류:과염소산염]]