{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{Chembox
<!-- Images -->
| ImageFile = Estron.svg
| ImageSize = 215px
| ImageAlt = 
| ImageFile1 = Estrone molecule ball.png
| ImageSize1 = 235px
| ImageAlt1 = 
<!-- Names -->
| IUPACName = (8''R'',9''S'',13''S'',14''S'')-3-hydroxy-13-methyl-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6''H''-cyclopenta[''a'']phenanthren-17-one
| OtherNames = Oestrone; E1; 3-Hydroxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-one
<!-- Sections -->
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 53-16-7
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 17263
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 1405
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 5660
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D00067
| PubChem = 5870
| SMILES = O=C4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]2c1ccc(O)cc1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC4)C
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C18H22O2/c1-18-9-8-14-13-5-3-12(19)10-11(13)2-4-15(14)16(18)6-7-17(18)20/h3,5,10,14-16,19H,2,4,6-9H2,1H3/t14-,15-,16+,18+/m1/s1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-CBZIJGRNSA-N
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 2DI9HA706A
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| C=18 | H=22 | O=2
| MolarMass = 270.366 g/mol
| Appearance = 
| Density = 
| MeltingPt = 254.5
| BoilingPt = 
| Solubility = 
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards =
| FlashPt =
| AutoignitionPt =
  }}
}}
'''에스트론'''({{lang|en|Estrone}}, E1, oestrone)은 [[스테로이드]], 약[[에스트로겐]], 여성 [[성 호르몬]]이다.<ref name="pmid16112947">{{저널 인용| vauthors = Kuhl H | title = Pharmacology of estrogens and progestogens: influence of different routes of administration | journal = Climacteric | volume = 8 Suppl 1 | issue =  | pages = 3–63 | date = August 2005 | pmid = 16112947 | doi = 10.1080/13697130500148875 | url = http://hormonebalance.org/images/documents/Kuhl%2005%20%20Pharm%20Estro%20Progest%20Climacteric_1313155660.pdf }}</ref> [[에스트라디올]], [[에스트리올]]과 함께 주된 3가지 [[내인성]] 에스트로겐 가운데로 하나이다.<ref name="pmid16112947" /> 다른 에스트로겐과 마찬가지로 에스트론은 [[콜레스테롤]]로부터 [[생합성|합성]]되며 [[생식샘]]에서 주로 분비되지만 [[지방 조직]] 내의 [[부신]] [[안드로겐]]으로부터 형성될 수도 있다.<ref name="HornsteinSchwerin2012">{{서적 인용|first1 = Theresa | last1 = Hornstein | first2 = Jeri Lynn | last2 = Schwerin | name-list-format = vanc |title=Biology of Women|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ibgKAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA369|date=1 January 2012|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-1-285-40102-7|pages=369–}}</ref> 에스트라디올과 비교하자면, 에스트론과 에스트리올 모두 에스트로겐으로서 훨씬 활동력이 약한 편이다.<ref name="pmid16112947" />
에스트론은 에스트라디올로 변환될 수 있으며 주로 에스트라디올의 [[전구체]]나 [[대사 중간 생성물]]의 역할을 한다.<ref name="pmid16112947" /><ref name="KeepUtian2012">{{서적 인용| vauthors = van Keep PA, Utian WH, Vermeulen A |title=The Controversial Climacteric: The workshop moderators' reports presented at the Third International Congress on the Menopause, held in Ostend, Belgium, in June 1981, under the auspices of the International Menopause Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4KVyBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA92|date=6 December 2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-94-011-7253-0|pages=92}}</ref>

자연 호르몬의 역할 외에도 에스트론은 이를테면 [[호르몬 대체요법]]을 위해 [[의약품]]으로 사용되고 있다. 에스트론의 약물 이용과 관련해서는 [[에스트론 (약물)]] 문서를 참고할 것.

== 역사 ==
에스트론은 최초로 발견된 [[스테로이드 호르몬]]이었다.<ref name="Bullough1995">{{서적 인용|author=Vern L. Bullough|title=Science In The Bedroom: A History Of Sex Research|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z7__qJK470AC&pg=PA128|date=19 May 1995|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-07259-0|pages=128–|quote=When Allen and Doisy heard about the [Ascheim-Zondek test for the diagnosis of pregnancy], they realized there was a rich and easily handled source of hormones in urine from which they could develop a potent extract. [...] Allen and Doisy's research was sponsored by the committee, while that of their main rival, Adolt Butenandt (b. 1903) of the University of Gottingen was sponsored by a German pharmaceutical firm. In 1929, both terms announced the isolation of a pure crystal female sex hormone, estrone, in 1929, although Doisy and Allen did so two months earlier than Butenandt.27 By 1931, estrone was being commercially produced by Parke Davis in this country, and Schering-Kahlbaum in Germany. Interestingly, when Butenandt (who shared the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1939) isolated estrone and analyzed its structure, he found that it was a steroid, the first hormone to be classed in this molecular family.}}{{깨진 링크|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z7__qJK470AC&pg=PA128 }}</ref><ref name="NielschFuhrmann2016">{{서적 인용|first1 = Ulrich | last1 = Nielsch | first2 = Ulrike | last2 = Fuhrmann | first3 = Stefan | last3 = Jaroch | name-list-format = vanc |title=New Approaches to Drug Discovery|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=elneCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA7|date=30 March 2016|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-28914-4|pages=7–|quote=The first steroid hormone was isolated from the urine of pregnant women by Adolf Butenandt in 1929 (estrone; see Fig. 1) (Butenandt 1931).}}</ref> [[미국]]의 과학자 [[에드워드 애들버트 도이지|에드워드 도이지]]와 [[에드거 알렌]](Edgar Allen), [[독일]]의 [[생화학자]] [[아돌프 부테난트]]에 의해 독립적으로 1929년 발견되었으나 도이지와 알렌은 부테난트에 앞서 2개월 전 분리하였다.<ref name="Bullough1995" /><ref name="Parl2000">{{서적 인용|author=Fritz F. Parl|title=Estrogens, Estrogen Receptor and Breast Cancer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v7ai5Mz9TZQC&pg=PA4|year=2000|publisher=IOS Press|isbn=978-0-9673355-4-4|pages=4–5|quote=[Doisy] focused his research on the isolation of female sex hormones from hundreds of gallons of human pregnancy urine based on the discovery by Ascheim and Zondeck in 1927 that the urine of pregnant women possessed estrogenic activity [9]. In the summer of 1929, Doisy succeeded in the isolated of estrone (named by him theelin), simultaneously with but independent of Adolf Butenandt of the University of Gottingen in Germany. Doisy presented his results on the crystallization of estrone at the XIII International Physiological Congress in Boston in August 1929 [10].}}</ref><ref name="Laylin1993">{{서적 인용|author=James K. Laylin|title=Nobel Laureates in Chemistry, 1901–1992|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jEy67gEvIuMC&pg=PA255|date=30 October 1993|publisher=Chemical Heritage Foundation|isbn=978-0-8412-2690-6|pages=255–|quote=Adolt Friedrich Johann Butenandt was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1939 "for his work on sex hormones"; [...] In 1929 Butenandt isolated estrone [...] in pure crystalline form. [...] Both Butenandt and Edward Doisy isolated estrone simultaneously but independently in 1929. [...] Butenandt took a big step forward in the history of biochemistry when he isolated estrone from the urine of pregnant women. [...] He named it "progynon" in his first publication, and then "folliculine", [...] By 1932, [...] he could determine its chemical structure, [...]}}</ref> 이들은 [[임신]]한 여성의 [[오줌|소변]]으로부터 [[결정]] 형태로 에스트론을 분리시켜 정제하였다.<ref name="Parl2000" /><ref name="Laylin1993" /><ref name="Greenberg2014">{{서적 인용|author=Arthur Greenberg|title=Chemistry: Decade by Decade|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zR0H9ArBSFQC&pg=PA127|date=14 May 2014|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-0978-7|pages=127–|quote=Rational chemical studies of human sex hormones began in 1929 with Adolph Butenandt's isolation of pure crystalline estrone, the follicular hormone, from the urine of pregnant women. [...] Butenandt and Ruzicka shared the 1939 Nobel Prize in chemistry.}}</ref>

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* {{위키공용분류-줄}}

{{스테로이드 호르몬}}

[[분류:알코올]]
[[분류:에스트로겐]]
[[분류:케톤]]
[[분류:성호르몬]]
[[분류:에스트란]]
[[분류:스테롤]]
[[분류:시상하부-뇌하수체-생식샘 축 호르몬]]