{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[과학]]과 [[공학]]에서 '''parts-per 표기'''는 기타 [[무차원량]]의 작은 값들을 설명하기 위한 의사 단위들의 집합이다. (예: [[몰분율]], [[질량백분율]]) 이러한 [[분수 (수학)|분수]]들이 원량 대 원량 측정 기준이지만 어떠한 [[측정 단위]]와도 관련되지 않은 순수한 숫자들이다. 보통은 '''parts-per-million''' ('''ppm''', {{nowrap|10<sup>−6</sup>}}), '''parts-per-billion''' ('''ppb''', {{nowrap|10<sup>−9</sup>}}), '''parts-per-trillion''' ('''ppt''', {{nowrap|10<sup>−12</sup>}}) and '''parts-per-quadrillion''' ('''ppq''', {{nowrap|10<sup>−15</sup>}}) 등이 사용된다. 이 표기법은 [[국제단위계]](SI)에 속하지 않으며 의미는 여러 가지로 정의될 수 있다.

== Parts-per 표현 ==
{| class="wikitable" style="line-height:0.9;text-align:center;margin-left:1ex;"
!style="padding:0 1px;"|1 of →<br />= ⭨<br />of ↓ &nbsp;
!per<br />cent<br />(%)
!per<br />mille<br />(‰)
!per<br />10,000<br />(‱)
!per<br />100,000<br />(pcm)
!per<br />million<br />(ppm)
!per<br />billion<br />(ppb)
|-
!%
|1||0.1||0.01||0.001||0.0001||{{10^|-7}}
|-
!‰
|10||1||0.1||0.01||0.001||{{10^|-6}}
|-
!‱
|100||10||1||0.1||0.01||{{10^|-5}}
|-
!pcm
|1,000||100||10||1||0.1||0.0001
|-
!ppm
|10,000||1,000||100||10||1||0.001
|-
!ppb
|{{10^|7}}||{{10^|6}}||{{10^|5}}||10,000||1,000||1
|}

== SI식 표기 ==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
!측정
!SI
단위
!명명
parts-per 비
(소규모)
!Parts-per
축약
또는 심볼
!학술 표기
상의 값
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A [[:en:Strain_(materials_science)|strain]] of...
| align="center" |2 [[센티미터|cm]]/[[미터|m]]
| align="center" |2 parts per hundred
| align="center" |&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2%<ref>According to [http://www.bipm.org/en/publications/si-brochure/section5-3-7.html BIPM's SI brochure, section 5.3.7], "When [the percent symbol] is used, a space separates the number and the symbol %." This practice has not been well adopted with regard to the % symbol, is [[Wikipedia:%|contrary to Wikipedia's ''Manual of Style'']], and is not observed here.</ref>
| align="center" |2&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−2</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A sensitivity of...
| align="center" |2 [[밀리-|m]]V/V
| align="center" |2 parts per thousand
| align="center" |2 ‰ <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |2&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−3</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A sensitivity of...
| align="center" |0.2 mV/V
| align="center" |2 parts per ten thousand
| align="center" |2 ‱ <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |2&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−4</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A sensitivity of...
| align="center" |2 [[:en:Micro-|μ]]V/V
| align="center" |2 parts per million
| align="center" |2 ppm
| align="center" |2&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−6</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A sensitivity of...
| align="center" |2 [[:en:Nano-|n]]V/V
| align="center" |2 parts per billion <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |2 ppb <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |2&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−9</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A sensitivity of...
| align="center" |2 [[:en:Pico-|p]]V/V
| align="center" |2 parts per trillion <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |2 ppt <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |2&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−12</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A mass fraction of...
| align="center" |2&nbsp;mg/kg
| align="center" |2 parts per million
| align="center" |2 ppm
| align="center" |2&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−6</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A mass fraction of...
| align="center" |2&nbsp;μg/kg<!--NOTE TO EDITORS: SI convention is to use the base unit kilogram in formulas and equalities. However, whenever an SI prefix, like milli or micro (m or µ), is used with the unit of mass, the unit gram (symbol g) is used. This results in a mix of units, such as mg (a thousandth of a gram) over a kilogram (a thousand grams). Thus, one microgram divided by one kilogram is one ppb.-->
| align="center" |2 parts per billion <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |2 ppb <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |2&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−9</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A mass fraction of...
| align="center" |2&nbsp;ng/kg
| align="center" |2 parts per trillion <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |2 ppt <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |2&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−12</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A mass fraction of...
| align="center" |2 pg/kg
| align="center" |2 parts per quadrillion <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |2 ppq <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |2&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−15</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A volume fraction of...
| align="center" |5.2 μL/L
| align="center" |5.2 parts per million
| align="center" |5.2 ppm
| align="center" |5.2&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−6</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A mole fraction of...
| align="center" |5.24 μmol/mol
| align="center" |5.24 parts per million
| align="center" |5.24 ppm
| align="center" |5.24&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−6</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A mole fraction of...
| align="center" |5.24 nmol/mol
| align="center" |5.24 parts per billion <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |5.24 ppb <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |5.24&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−9</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A mole fraction of...
| align="center" |5.24 pmol/mol
| align="center" |5.24 parts per trillion <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |5.24 ppt <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |5.24&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−12</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A stability of...
| align="center" |1 (μA/A)/[[:en:Minute|min]]
| align="center" |1 part per million per minute
| align="center" |1 ppm/min
| align="center" |1&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−6</sup>/min
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A change of...
| align="center" |5 nΩ/Ω
| align="center" |5 parts per billion <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |5 ppb <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |5&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−9</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |An uncertainty of...
| align="center" |9&nbsp;μg/kg
| align="center" |9 parts per billion <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |9 ppb <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |9&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−9</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A shift of...
| align="center" |1&nbsp;nm/m
| align="center" |1 part per billion <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |1 ppb <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |1&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−9</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A strain of...
| align="center" |1&nbsp;μm/m
| align="center" |1 part per million
| align="center" |1 ppm
| align="center" |1&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−6</sup>
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A [[:en:Temperature_coefficient|temperature coefficient]] of...
| align="center" |0.3 (μHz/Hz)/°C
| align="center" |0.3 part per million per °C
| align="center" |0.3 ppm/°C
| align="center" |0.3&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−6</sup>/°C
|-
| align="right" style="background:#f2f2f2" |A frequency change of...
| align="center" |0.35&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−9</sup> ƒ
| align="center" |0.35 part per billion <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |0.35 ppb <span style="color:darkred;">'''!'''</span>
| align="center" |0.35&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−9</sup>
|}

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[국제전기기술위원회]]
* [[백분율]]
* [[천분율]]
* [[만분율]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* {{위키공용분류-줄}}
* National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST): [https://www.nist.gov/ Home page]
* International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM): [http://www.bipm.org/en/home/ Home page]
[[분류:분석화학]]
[[분류:화학 명명법]]
[[분류:무차원 수]]
[[분류:환경화학]]
[[분류:수학 용어]]
[[분류:측정]]
[[분류:물리 상수]]
[[분류:단위]]