{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 464361974
| Name = 수산화 칼륨
| ImageFile1 = Potassium hydroxide.jpg
| ImageName1 = Pellets of potassium hydroxide
| ImageFile = Potassium-hydroxide-xtal-3D-vdW.png
| ImageName = Crystal structure of KOH
| ImageSize = 150px
| IUPACName = Potassium hydroxide
| OtherNames = Caustic potash, [[Lye]], Potash lye, Potassia, Potassium hydrate, KOH
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = WZH3C48M4T
| InChI = 1/K.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
| InChIKey = KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-REWHXWOFAT
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 32035
| SMILES = [K+].[OH-]
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/K.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M
| CASNo = 1310-58-3
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 14797
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 14113
| RTECS = TT2100000
| UNNumber = 1813
| EINECS = 215-181-3
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = KOH
| MolarMass = 56.11 g mol<sup>−1</sup>
| Appearance = white solid, [[deliquescent]]
| Odor = odorless
| Density = 2.044 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (20 °C)<ref name=crc/><br/> 2.12 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (25 °C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solubility = 85 g/100 mL (-23.2 °C)<br/> 97 g/100 mL (0 °C)<br/> 121 g/100 mL (25 °C)<br/> 138.3 g/100 mL (50 °C)<br/> 162.9 g/100 mL (100 °C)<ref name=crc>{{RubberBible86th|page=4-80}}</ref><ref name=sioc>{{서적 인용|last1 = Seidell|first1 = Atherton|last2 = Linke|first2 = William F.|year = 1952|title = Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds|publisher = Van Nostrand|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=k2e5AAAAIAAJ|accessdate = 2014-05-29}}</ref>
| SolubleOther = soluble in [[에탄올|alcohol]], [[glycerol]] <br/> insoluble in [[다이에틸 에터|ether]], liquid [[ammonia]]
| Solubility2 = 55 g/100 g (28 °C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent2 = methanol
| Solubility3 = ~14 g / 100 g (28 °C)
| Solvent3 = isopropanol
| MeltingPtC = 360<ref>{{웹 인용|title=A18854 Potassium hydroxide|url=https://www.alfa.com/en/catalog/A18854/|website=Alfa Aesar|publisher=Thermo Fisher Scientific|accessdate=26 October 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019053026/http://www.alfa.com/en/catalog/A18854|archivedate=19 October 2015}}</ref>
| BoilingPtC = 1327
| pKb = &minus;0.7<ref>{{저널 인용| last1=Popov | first1=K. | last2=Lajunen | first2=L.H.J. | last3=Popov | first3=A. | last4=Rönkkömäki | first4=H. | last5=Hannu-Kuure | first5=M. | last6=Vendilo | first6=A. | title=<sup>7</sup>Li, <sup>23</sup>Na, <sup>39</sup>K and <sup>133</sup>Cs NMR comparative equilibrium study of alkali metal cation hydroxide complexes in aqueous solutions. First numerical value for CsOH formation | journal=Inorganic Chemistry Communications | volume=3 | issue=5 | issn=1387-7003 | pages=223–225 | url=https://www.infona.pl//resource/bwmeta1.element.elsevier-40fb73c1-ba37-32e0-914e-b264c7c0539b | access-date=October 20, 2018 |doi=10.1016/S1387-7003(02)00335-0 |display-authors=1| year=2002 }}</ref>(KOH(aq) = K<sup>+</sup> + OH<sup>–</sup>)
| RefractIndex = 1.409 (20 °C)
| MagSus = &minus;22.0·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
}}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| Coordination =
| CrystalStruct =rhombohedral
}}
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = -425.8 kJ/mol<ref name=chemister>{{웹 인용|url=http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=325|title=potassium hydroxide|website=chemister.ru|accessdate=8 May 2018|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140518070658/http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=325|archivedate=18 May 2014}}</ref><ref name=b1>{{서적 인용| author = Zumdahl, Steven S.|title =Chemical Principles 6th Ed.| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company| year = 2009| isbn = 978-0-618-94690-7|page=A22}}</ref>
| Entropy = 79.32 J/mol·K<ref name=chemister /><ref name=b1 />
| DeltaGf = -380.2 kJ/mol<ref name=chemister />
| HeatCapacity = 65.87 J/mol·K<ref name=chemister />
 }}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0357.htm ICSC 0357]
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS07}}<ref name="sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|id=757551|name=Potassium hydroxide|accessdate=2014-05-18}}</ref>
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|302|314}}<ref name="sigma" />
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|280|305+351+338|310}}<ref name="sigma" />
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-S = ALK
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
| LD50 = 273 mg/kg (oral, rat)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/1310-58-3|title=ChemIDplus - 1310-58-3 - KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M - Potassium hydroxide [JAN:NF] - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information.|first=Michael|last=Chambers|website=chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov|accessdate=8 May 2018|url-status=live|archiveurl=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20140812085045/http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/1310-58-3|archivedate=12 August 2014}}</ref>
| PEL = none<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0523}}</ref>
| IDLH = N.D.<ref name=PGCH/>
| REL = C 2 mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref name=PGCH/>
}}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[Potassium hydrosulfide]]<br/>[[Potassium amide]]
| OtherCations = [[Lithium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Sodium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Rubidium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Caesium hydroxide]]
| OtherCompounds = [[Potassium oxide]]
}}
}}
'''수산화 칼륨'''(水酸化─ , {{lang|en|Potassium hydroxide}}, [[화학식]]: [[칼륨|K]][[수산화물|OH]])은 [[무기 화합물]]의 하나이다. [[수산화 나트륨]](NaOH)과 함께 이 무색의 고체는 대표적인 [[염기|강염기]]이며, 염기성이 너무 강해 피부를 태울 수 있다. 화학적 특성은 수산화 나트륨과 비슷하다.

수산화 칼륨은 [[수산화 나트륨]](NaOH)과 함께 전형적인 강염기이다. 이는 많은 산업 및 틈새 응용 분야를 가지고 있으며 대부분 부식성 특성과 산에 대한 반응성을 활용한다. 2005년에는 대략 700,000~800,000톤이 생산되었다. 수산화 칼륨은 대부분의 연질 비누와 액체 비누뿐만 아니라 수많은 칼륨 함유 화학 물질의 전구체로서 주목할 만하다. 위험할 정도로 부식성이 있는 흰색 고체이다.

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[소다 석회]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
{{위키공용분류}}
* {{언어링크|en}} [http://www.newscientistspace.com/article/dn10104 Newscientist article dn10104]
* {{언어링크|en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230422/http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/p5884.htm MSDS from JTBaker]
* {{언어링크|en}} [http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0523.html CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards]

{{칼륨 화합물}}
{{수산화물}}
{{전거 통제}}
{{토막글|화학}}

[[분류:수산화물]]
[[분류:칼륨 화합물]]
[[분류:염기]]