{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{번역 확장 필요|en|Alfred G. Gilman}}
{{과학자 정보
|이름         = 알프레드 G. 길먼 {{노벨상 딱지}}
|원어이름     = Alfred G. Gilman
|그림         = Alfred Goodman Gilman (cropped).jpg
|그림 크기    = 200px
|그림 설명    = 1994년 촬영
|태어난 날    = {{출생일|1941|7|1}}
|태어난 곳    = [[미국]] [[코네티컷주]] [[뉴헤이븐]]
|죽은 날      = {{사망일과 나이|2015|12|23|1941|7|1}}
|죽은 곳      = 미국 [[텍사스주]] [[댈러스]]
|거주지       = 
|국적         = [[미국]]
|분야         = [[생화학]], [[약리학]]
|소속         = 
|출신 대학    = [[예일 대학교]]<br />[[케이스 웨스턴 리저브 대학교]]
|지도교수     = 
|지도학생     = 
|주요 업적    = [[G단백질]]
|수상         = John J. Abel Award(1975년)<br />리처드 런즈베리상(1987년)<br />[[루이자 그로스 호르위츠상]](1989년)<br />[[노벨 생리학·의학상]](1994년)
}}
'''알프레드 굿맨 길먼'''({{llang|en|Alfred Goodman Gilman}}, [[1941년]] [[7월 1일]] ~ [[2015년]] [[12월 23일]])은 [[미국]]의 [[생화학]]자, [[약리학]]자<ref name=leftkowitz>{{저널 인용|last1=Lefkowitz|first1=Robert J.|title=Alfred Goodman Gilman (1941–2015)|journal=Nature|year=2016|volume=529|issue=7586|pages=284–284|doi=10.1038/529284a}}</ref>이다. 1994년에 세포막에 존재하는 [[G단백질]]을 발견한 공로로 [[마틴 로드벨]]과 함께 [[노벨 생리학·의학상]]을 수상했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1994|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1994/|accessdate=22 January 2016|publisher=Nobel Media AB}}</ref>

== 수상 경력 ==
* 1975년 : John J. Abel Award
* 1984년 : [[가드너 국제상]]
* 1987년 : 리처드 런즈베리상
* 1989년 : [[루이자 그로스 호르위츠상]]
* 1989년 : [[앨버트 래스커 기초 의학 연구상]]
* 1994년 : 노벨 생리학·의학상

== 주요 논문 ==
{{참고 자료 시작|30em}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Seeds|first1=NW|last2=Gilman|first2=AG|title=Norepinephrine stinulated increase of cyclic AMP levels in developing mouse brain cell cultures|journal=Science|year=1971|volume=174|issue=4006|pages=292|pmid=4330303|doi=10.1126/science.174.4006.292}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Gilman|first1=AG|last2=Nirenberg|first2=M|title=Regulation of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate metabolism in cultured neuroblastoma cells|journal=Nature|year=1971|volume=234|issue=5328|pages=356–8|pmid=4332686|doi=10.1038/234356a0}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Secrist JA|first1=3rd|last2=Barrio|first2=JR|last3=Leonard|first3=NJ|last4=Villar-Palasi|first4=C|last5=Gilman|first5=AG|title=Fluorescent modification of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate: spectroscopic properties and activity in enzyme systems|journal=Science|year=1972|volume=177|issue=4045|pages=279–80|pmid=4339302|doi=10.1126/science.177.4045.279}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Sternweis|first1=PC|last2=Northup|first2=JK|last3=Smigel|first3=MD|last4=Gilman|first4=AG|title=The regulatory component of adenylate cyclase. Purification and properties|journal=The Journal of Biological Chemistry|year= 1981|volume=256|issue=22|pages=11517–26|pmid=6271754}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Hanski|first1=E|last2=Sternweis|first2=PC|last3=Northup|first3=JK|last4=Dromerick|first4=AW|last5=Gilman|first5=AG|title=The regulatory component of adenylate cyclase. Purification and properties of the turkey erythrocyte protein|journal=The Journal of Biological Chemistry|year=1981|volume=256|issue=24|pages=12911–9|pmid=6273414}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Schleifer|first1=LS|last2=Kahn|first2=RA|last3=Hanski|first3=E|last4=Northup|first4=JK|last5=Sternweis|first5=PC|last6=Gilman|first6=AG|title=Requirements for cholera toxin-dependent ADP-ribosylation of the purified regulatory component of adenylate cyclase|journal=The Journal of Biological Chemistry|year=1982|volume=257|issue=1|pages=20–3|pmid=6273425}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Northup|first1=JK|last2=Smigel|first2=MD|last3=Gilman|first3=AG|title=The guanine nucleotide activating site of the regulatory component of adenylate cyclase. Identification by ligand binding|journal=The Journal of Biological Chemistry|year=1982|volume=257|issue=19|pages=11416–23|pmid=6288684}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Manning|first1=DR|last2=Gilman|first2=AG|title=The regulatory components of adenylate cyclase and transducin. A family of structurally homologous guanine nucleotide-binding proteins|journal=The Journal of Biological Chemistry|year=1983|volume=258|issue=11|pages=7059–63|pmid=6304074}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Northup|first1=JK|last2=Sternweis|first2=PC|last3=Gilman|first3=AG|title=The subunits of the stimulatory regulatory component of adenylate cyclase. Resolution, activity, and properties of the 35,000-dalton (beta) subunit|journal=The Journal of Biological Chemistry|year=1983|volume=258|issue=18|pages=11361–8|pmid=6309843}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Northup|first1=JK|last2=Smigel|first2=MD|last3=Sternweis|first3=PC|last4=Gilman|first4=AG|title=The subunits of the stimulatory regulatory component of adenylate cyclase. Resolution of the activated 45,000-dalton (alpha) subunit|journal=The Journal of Biological Chemistry|year=1983|volume=258|issue=18|pages=11369–76|pmid=6309844}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Hurley|first1=JB|last2=Simon|first2=MI|last3=Teplow|first3=DB|last4=Robishaw|first4=JD|last5=Gilman|first5=AG|title=Homologies between signal transducing G proteins and ras gene products|journal=Science|year=1984|volume=226|issue=4676|pages=860–2|pmid=6436980|doi=10.1126/science.6436980}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Gilman|first1=AG|title=G proteins and dual control of adenylate cyclase|journal=Cell|year=1984|volume=36|issue=3|pages=577–9|pmid=6321035|doi=10.1016/0092-8674(84)90336-2}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Bokoch|first1=GM|last2=Gilman|first2=AG|title=Inhibition of receptor-mediated release of arachidonic acid by pertussis toxin|journal=Cell|year=1984|volume=39|issue=2 Pt 1|pages=301–8|pmid=6094010|doi=10.1016/0092-8674(84)90008-4 }}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Harris|first1=BA|last2=Robishaw|first2=JD|last3=Mumby|first3=SM|last4=Gilman|first4=AG|title=Molecular cloning of complementary DNA for the alpha subunit of the G protein that stimulates adenylate cyclase|journal=Science|year=1985|volume=229|issue=4719|pages=1274–7|pmid=3839937|doi=10.1126/science.3839937}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Mattera|first1=R|last2=Graziano|first2=MP|last3=Yatani|first3=A|last4=Zhou|first4=Z|last5=Graf|first5=R|last6=Codina|first6=J|last7=Birnbaumer|first7=L|last8=Gilman|first8=AG|last9=Brown|first9=AM|title=Splice variants of the alpha subunit of the G protein Gs activate both adenylyl cyclase and calcium channels|journal=Science|year=1989|volume=243|issue=4892|pages=804–7|pmid=2536957|doi=10.1126/science.2536957}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Krupinski|first1=J|last2=Coussen|first2=F|last3=Bakalyar|first3=HA|last4=Tang|first4=WJ|last5=Feinstein|first5=PG|last6=Orth|first6=K|last7=Slaughter|first7=C|last8=Reed|first8=RR|last9=Gilman|first9=AG|title=Adenylyl cyclase amino acid sequence: possible channel- or transporter-like structure|journal=Science|year=1989|volume=244|issue=4912|pages=1558–64|pmid=2472670|doi=10.1126/science.2472670}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Tang|first1=WJ|last2=Gilman|first2=AG|title=Type-specific regulation of adenylyl cyclase by G protein beta gamma subunits|journal=Science|year=1991|volume=254|issue=5037|pages=1500–3|pmid=1962211|doi=10.1126/science.1962211}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Taussig|first1=R|last2=Iñiguez-Lluhi|first2=JA|last3=Gilman|first3=AG|title=Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by Gi alpha|journal=Science|year=1993|volume=261|issue=5118|pages=218–21|pmid=8327893|doi=10.1126/science.8327893}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Wickman|first1=KD|last2=Iñiguez-Lluhl|first2=JA|last3=Davenport|first3=PA|last4=Taussig|first4=R|last5=Krapivinsky|first5=GB|last6=Linder|first6=ME|last7=Gilman|first7=AG|last8=Clapham|first8=DE|title=Recombinant G-protein beta gamma-subunits activate the muscarinic-gated atrial potassium channel|journal=Nature|year=1994|volume=368|issue=6468|pages=255–7|pmid=8145826|doi=10.1038/368255a0}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Coleman|first1=D.|last2=Berghuis|first2=A.|last3=Lee|first3=E|last4=Linder|first4=M.|last5=Gilman|first5=A.|last6=Sprang|title=Structures of active conformations of Gi alpha 1 and the mechanism of GTP hydrolysis|journal=Science|year=1994|volume=265|issue=5177|pages=1405–1412|doi=10.1126/science.8073283|pmid=8073283}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Tang|first1=WJ|last2=Gilman|first2=AG|title=Construction of a soluble adenylyl cyclase activated by Gs alpha and forskolin|journal=Science|year=1995|volume=268|issue=5218|pages=1769–72|pmid=7792604|doi=10.1126/science.7792604}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Mixon|first1=MB|last2=Lee|first2=E|last3=Coleman|first3=DE|last4=Berghuis|first4=AM|last5=Gilman|first5=AG|last6=Sprang|first6=SR|title=Tertiary and quaternary structural changes in Gi alpha 1 induced by GTP hydrolysis|journal=Science|year=1995|volume=270|issue=5238|pages=954–60|pmid=7481799|doi=10.1126/science.270.5238.954}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Wall|first1=MA|last2=Coleman|first2=DE|last3=Lee|first3=E|last4=Iñiguez-Lluhi|first4=JA|last5=Posner|first5=BA|last6=Gilman|first6=AG|last7=Sprang|first7=SR|title=The structure of the G protein heterotrimer Gi alpha 1 beta 1 gamma 2|journal=Cell|year=1995|volume=83|issue=6|pages=1047–58|pmid=8521505|doi=10.1016/0092-8674(95)90220-1}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Berman|first1=David M|last2=Wilkie|first2=Thomas M|last3=Gilman|first3=Alfred G|title=GAIP and RGS4 Are GTPase-Activating Proteins for the Gi Subfamily of G Protein α Subunits|journal=Cell|year=1996|volume=86|issue=3|pages=445–452|doi=10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80117-8|pmid=8756726}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Sunahara|first1=RK|last2=Tesmer|first2=JJ|last3=Gilman|first3=AG|last4=Sprang|first4=SR|title=Crystal structure of the adenylyl cyclase activator Gsalpha|journal=Science|year=1997|volume=278|issue=5345|pages=1943–7|pmid=9395396|doi=10.1126/science.278.5345.1943}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Tesmer|first1=JJ|last2=Sunahara|first2=RK|last3=Gilman|first3=AG|last4=Sprang|first4=SR|title=Crystal structure of the catalytic domains of adenylyl cyclase in a complex with Gsalpha.GTPgammaS|journal=Science|year=1997|volume=278|issue=5345|pages=1907–16|pmid=9417641|doi=10.1126/science.278.5345.1907}}
{{참고 자료 끝}}

== 참고 문헌 ==
* {{저널 인용| url = http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v450/n7168/edsumm/e071115-09.html |title = The crystal structure of β2-adrenergic receptor, a classic GPCR was at last revealed. | volume=450 | doi=10.1038/450355a | journal = Nature | pages=355–356}}
* {{저널 인용| url = http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/318/5854/1258/DC2 | title = Authors' summary on the structure | journal=Science | volume=318 }}

== 각주 ==
<references/>

== 외부 링크 ==
{{위키공용분류-줄}}
* {{언어링크|en}} [https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1994/gilman-bio.html The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1994 - Alfred G. Gilman] - 노벨 재단

{{노벨 생리 의학상 수상자}}
{{1994년 노벨상 수상자}}
{{전거 통제}}

{{기본정렬:길먼, 알프레드}}

[[분류:1941년 출생]]
[[분류:2015년 사망]]
[[분류:미국의 생화학자]]
[[분류:미국의 약리학자]]
[[분류:미국의 노벨상 수상자]]
[[분류:노벨 생리학·의학상 수상자]]
[[분류:미국 과학 아카데미의 회원]]
[[분류:예일 대학교 동문]]
[[분류:버지니아 대학교 교수]]
[[분류:뉴헤이번 출신]]
[[분류:케이스 웨스턴 리저브 대학교 동문]]
[[분류:앨버트 래스커 기초 의학 연구상 수상자]]
[[분류:루이자 그로스 호르위츠상 수상자]]