{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 476995928
| ImageFileL1 = Benzoesäure.svg
| ImageSizeL1 = 100px
| ImageNameL1 = Skeletal formula
| ImageFileR1 = Benzoic-acid-3D-balls.png
| ImageSizeR1 = 100px
| ImageNameR1 = Ball-and-stick model
| ImageFile2 = Pile of benzoic acid crystals.jpg
| ImageSize2 = 270px
| PIN = Benzoic acid<ref name=iupac2013>{{서적 인용| title =  Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book) | publisher = [[Royal Society of Chemistry|The Royal Society of Chemistry]] | date = 2014 | location = Cambridge | page = 745 | doi = 10.1039/9781849733069-00648 | isbn = 978-0-85404-182-4 }}</ref>
| SystematicName = Benzenecarboxylic acid
| OtherNames = {{ubl
 | Carboxybenzene
 | E210
 | Dracylic acid
 | Phenylmethanoic acid
 | BzOH
}}
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| Abbreviations =
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 8SKN0B0MIM
| InChIKey = WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYAD
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,9)
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo = 65-85-0
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| EINECS = 200-618-2
| PubChem = 243
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 238
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 541
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB03793
| SMILES = O=C(O)c1ccccc1
| InChI = 1/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,9)
| RTECS = DG0875000
| MeSHName = benzoic+acid
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 30746
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D00038
| 3DMet = B00053
| Beilstein = 636131
| Gmelin = 2946
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C=7 | H=6 | O=2
| Appearance = Colorless crystalline solid
| Odor = Faint, pleasant odor
| Density = 1.2659 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (15&nbsp;°C)<br> 1.0749 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (130&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister />
| MeltingPtC = 122
| MeltingPt_ref =<ref name=GESTIS/>
| BoilingPtC = 250
| BoilingPt_ref =<ref name=GESTIS>{{GESTIS|ZVG=22810}}</ref>
| Solubility = 1.7 g/L (0&nbsp;°C)<br> 2.7 g/L (18&nbsp;°C)<br> 3.44 g/L (25&nbsp;°C)<br> 5.51 g/L (40&nbsp;°C)<br> 21.45 g/L (75&nbsp;°C)<br> 56.31 g/L (100&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister>{{웹 인용|url=http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=679|title=benzoic acid|website=chemister.ru|accessdate=24 October 2018}}</ref><ref name=sioc>{{서적 인용|last1 = Seidell|first1 = Atherton|last2 = Linke|first2 = William F.|year = 1952|title = Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds|publisher = Van Nostrand|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=k2e5AAAAIAAJ|accessdate = 2014-05-29}}</ref>
| pKa = {{ubl
 | 4.202 (H<sub>2</sub>O)<ref>{{서적 인용|last=Harris|first=Daniel|title=Quantitative Chemical Analysis|year=2010|publisher=W. H. Freeman and Company|location=New York|isbn=9781429254366|pages=AP12|edition=8}}</ref>
 | 11.02 (DMSO)<ref>{{저널 인용|last1=Olmstead |first1=William N. |last2=Bordwell |first2=Frederick G. |title=Ion-pair association constants in dimethyl sulfoxide |journal=The Journal of Organic Chemistry |date=1980 |volume=45 |issue=16 |pages=3299–3305 |doi=10.1021/jo01304a033}}</ref>
}}
| SolubleOther = soluble in [[acetone]], [[benzene]], [[carbon tetrachloride|CCl<sub>4</sub>]], [[chloroform|CHCl<sub>3</sub>]], [[에탄올|alcohol]], [[ethyl ether]], [[hexane]], [[phenyl]]s, liquid [[ammonia]], [[acetate]]s
| Solubility1 = 30 g/100 g (-18&nbsp;°C)<br> 32.1 g/100 g (-13&nbsp;°C)<br> 71.5 g/100 g (23&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent1 = methanol
| Solubility2 = 25.4 g/100 g (-18&nbsp;°C)<br> 47.1 g/100 g (15&nbsp;°C)<br> 52.4 g/100 g (19.2&nbsp;°C)<br> 55.9 g/100 g (23&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent2 = ethanol
| Solubility3 = 54.2 g/100 g (20&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent3 = acetone
| Solubility4 = 4.22 g/100 g (25&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent4 = olive oil
| Solubility5 = 55.3 g/100 g (25&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent5 = 1,4-Dioxane
| pKb =
| IsoelectricPt =
| LambdaMax =
| Absorbance =
| SpecRotation =
| RefractIndex = 1.5397 (20&nbsp;°C)<br> 1.504 (132&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister />
| Viscosity = 1.26 mPa (130&nbsp;°C)
| VaporPressure = 0.16 Pa (25&nbsp;°C)<br> 0.19 kPa (100&nbsp;°C)<br> 22.6 kPa (200&nbsp;°C)<ref name=nist>{{nist|name=Benzoic acid| id= C65850|accessdate=2014-05-23|mask=FFFF|units=SI}}</ref>
| LogP = 1.87
| MagSus = -70.28·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
 }}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| CrystalStruct = [[Monoclinic]]
| Coordination =
| MolShape = [[Plane (geometry)|planar]]
| Dipole = 1.72 [[Debye|D]] in [[dioxane]]
 }}
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = -385.2 kJ/mol<ref name=chemister />
| DeltaHc = -3228 kJ/mol<ref name=nist />
| Entropy = 167.6 J/mol·K<ref name=chemister />
| HeatCapacity = 146.7 J/mol·K<ref name=nist />
 }}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/b1356.htm JT Baker]
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS07}}<ref name="sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich| id= w213101|name=Benzoic acid|accessdate=2014-05-23}}</ref>
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|318|335}}<ref name="sigma" />
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|261|280|305+351+338}}<ref name="sigma" />
| MainHazards = Irritant
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-F = 1
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-S =
| FlashPtC = 121.5
| FlashPt_ref =<ref name=GESTIS/>
| AutoignitionPtC = 571
| AutoignitionPt_ref =<ref name=GESTIS/>
| ExploLimits =
| PEL =
| LD50 = 1700 mg/kg (rat, oral)
 }}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions =
| OtherCations =
| OtherFunction = [[Hydroxybenzoic acid]]s<br />[[Aminobenzoic acid]]s,<br />[[Nitrobenzoic acid]]s,<br />[[Phenylacetic acid]]
| OtherFunction_label = [[carboxylic acid]]s
| OtherCompounds = [[Benzaldehyde]],<br />[[Benzyl alcohol]],<br />[[Benzoyl chloride]],<br />[[Benzylamine]],<br />[[Benzamide]]
 }}
}}
'''벤조산'''(Benzoic acid)은 [[방향계]] [[카복시산|카복실산]]이다. 상온에서는 흰색의 결정으로 존재한다. 화학식은 C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O2이고,[[카복시기]]가 [[벤젠]] 고리에 붙어있는 형태를 가지고 있다. [[보존료]] 등 식품 첨가물로 쓰이며, 몇몇 식물에 자연적으로 들어 있기도 하다. 러시아 정교회에서 향을 피울 때 쓰는 [[안식향]]의 주요 성분이기 때문에 '''안식향산'''(安息香酸)이라 부르기도 한다. [[톨루엔]]을 산화시켜서 만들며, 미국에서는 연간 12만 6000 [[톤]]의 벤조산을 생산한다. 벤조산의 유도체로는 [[살리실산]], 그리고 아세틸살리산([[아스피린]])이 있다.

== 성질 ==
분자량은 122.12g/mol, 녹는점은 122.4&nbsp;°C, 끓는점은 249&nbsp;°C이다. 밀도는 고체상태일 때 1.32g/cm<sup>3</sup>이다. [[물]]에 대한 용해도는 25&nbsp;°C에서 3.4g/L이고, 뜨거운 물에는 매우 잘 녹는다. 또한 100&nbsp;°C 이상의 온도에서 승화한다.

== 안전 ==
=== 섭취 ===
다량을 섭취할 시에는 복통, 목의 통증, 구역질, 구토 등이 일어날 수 있다.<ref name="MSDS">[http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/b1356.htm 벤조산 MSDS] {{웨이백|url=http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/b1356.htm# |date=20090227072822 }}, 2009년 4월 11일 읽음.</ref>
=== 흡입 ===
기도에 자극을 줄 수 있다. 기침이 나거나 목이 아플 수 있다.<ref name="MSDS"/>
=== 피부 ===
피부에 계속 남아있는 경우 조홍(潮紅), 통증이 일어날 수 있다.<ref name="MSDS"/>
=== 눈 ===
조홍(潮紅), 통증이 일어날 수 있다.<ref name="MSDS"/>

== 참고 문헌 ==
{{포털|화학}}
{{위키공용분류}}
<references/>

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:벤조산| ]]
[[분류:카복실산]]
[[분류:방향족 화합물]]
[[분류:부형제]]
[[분류:식품 보존료]]
[[분류:페닐 화합물]]