{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{Chembox <!-- infobox -->
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 476995973
| ImageFile1 = Iron(III)_chloride_hexahydrate.jpg
| ImageCaption1 = Iron(III) chloride (hydrate)
| ImageFile2 = Iron(III) chloride anhydrate.jpg
| ImageCaption2 = Iron(III) chloride (anhydrous)
| ImageFileL2 = Iron-trichloride-sheet-3D-polyhedra.png
| ImageFileR2 = Iron-trichloride-sheets-stacking-3D-polyhedra.png
| IUPACName = Iron(III) chloride<br />Iron trichloride
| OtherNames = {{ubl
 | Ferric chloride
 | Molysite
 | Flores martis}}
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 22792
| InChI = 1S/3ClH.Fe/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3
| InChIKey = RBTARNINKXHZNM-DFZHHIFOAF
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 30808
| SMILES = Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/3ClH.Fe/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K
| InChIKey1 = RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K
| CASNo = 7705-08-0
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo2 = 10025-77-1
| CASNo2_Comment = (hexahydrate)
| CASNo3_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo3 = 54862-84-9
| CASNo3_Comment = (dihydrate)
| CASNo4 = 64333-00-2
| CASNo4_Comment = (3.5hydrate)
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = U38V3ZVV3V
| UNII2_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII2 = 0I2XIN602U
| UNII2_Comment = (hexahydrate)
| UNII3_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII3 = Y048945596
| UNII3_Comment = (dihydrate)

| EINECS = 231-729-4
| PubChem = 24380
| RTECS = LJ9100000
| UNNumber = {{ubl
 | 1773 (anhydrous)
 | 2582 (aqueous solution)}}}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = {{chem2|FeCl3}}
| MolarMass = {{ubl
 | 162.204{{nbsp}}g/mol (anhydrous)
 | 270.295{{nbsp}}g/mol (hexahydrate)<ref name=crc/>}}
| Appearance = Green-black by reflected light; purple-red by transmitted light; yellow solid as hexahydrate; brown as aqueous solution
| Odor = Slight [[hydrochloric acid|HCl]]
| Density = {{ubl
 | 2.90{{nbsp}}g/cm<sup>3</sup> (anhydrous)
 | 1.82{{nbsp}}g/cm<sup>3</sup> (hexahydrate)<ref name=crc/>}}
| MeltingPtC = 307.6
| MeltingPt_notes = (anhydrous)<br />{{convert|37|C|F K}} (hexahydrate)<ref name=crc>{{RubberBible92nd|page=4.69}}</ref>
| BoilingPt = {{ubl
 | {{convert|316|C|F K}} (anhydrous, decomposes)<ref name=crc/>
 | {{convert|280|C|F K}} (hexahydrate, decomposes)}}
| BoilingPt_notes = 
| Solubility = 912{{nbsp}}g/L (anhydrous or hexahydrate, 25{{nbsp}}°C)<ref name=crc/>
| SolubleOther = {{ubl
 | {{nbsp}}
 | 630&nbsp;g/L (18&nbsp;°C)
 | Highly soluble
 | 830&nbsp;g/L
 | Highly soluble}}
| Solvent = {{ubl
 | [[Acetone]]
 | [[Methanol]]
 | [[Ethanol]]
 | [[Diethyl ether]]<ref name=crc/>}}
| pKa =
| pKb =
| Viscosity = 12&nbsp;c[[Poise (unit)|P]] (40%&nbsp;solution)
| MagSus = +13,450·10<sup>−6</sup>{{nbsp}}cm<sup>3</sup>/mol<ref>{{RubberBible92nd|page=4.133}}</ref>}}
|Section5={{Chembox Structure
| CrystalStruct = [[Hexagonal crystal system|Hexagonal]], [[Pearson symbol|hR24]]
| SpaceGroup = R{{overline|3}}, No. 148<ref name="str">{{저널 인용|vauthors=Hashimoto S, Forster K, Moss SC|year=1989|title=Structure refinement of an FeCl<sup>3</sup> crystal using a thin plate sample|journal=[[Journal of Applied Crystallography|J. Appl. Crystallogr.]]|volume=22|issue=2|pages=173–180|doi=10.1107/S0021889888013913}}</ref>
| Coordination = [[Octahedral]]
| LattConst_a = 0.6065{{nbsp}}nm
| LattConst_b = 0.6065{{nbsp}}nm
| LattConst_c = 1.742{{nbsp}}nm
| LattConst_alpha = 90
| LattConst_beta = 90
| LattConst_gamma = 120
| UnitCellFormulas = 6
| MolShape =
| OrbitalHybridisation =
| Dipole = }}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| Hazards_ref =<ref>{{GHS class NZ|id=10764|access-date=19 Sep 2010}}</ref><ref>[http://webcomm.bcd.tamhsc.edu/bcdfacilities/msds9.html Various suppliers], collated by the Baylor College of Dentistry, [[Texas A&M University]]. (accessed 2010-09-19)</ref>{{refn|An alternative GHS classification from the Japanese GHS Inter-ministerial Committee (2006)<ref>{{GHS class JP|id=831|access-date=19 Sep 2010}}</ref> notes the possibility of respiratory tract irritation from {{Chem2|FeCl3}} and differs slightly in other respects from the classification used here.|group=Note}}
| ExternalSDS = {{ICSC-small|1499}}
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05|Corr. Met. 1; Skin Corr. 1C; Eye Dam. 1}}{{GHS07|Acute Tox. 4 (oral)}}
| GHSSignalWord = DANGER
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|290|302|314|318}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|234|260|264|270|273|280| 301+312|301+330+331|303+361+353|363|304+340|310|321|305+351+338|390| 405|406|501}}
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
| NFPA-F = 0 | NFPA-H = 2 | NFPA-R = 0 | NFPA-S =
| REL = TWA 1{{nbsp}}mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref>{{PGCH|0346}}</ref>}}
|Section9={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = {{ubl
 | [[Iron(III) fluoride]]
 | [[Iron(III) bromide]]}}
| OtherCations = {{ubl
 | [[Iron(II) chloride]]
 | [[Manganese(II) chloride]]
 | [[Cobalt(II) chloride]]
 | [[Ruthenium(III) chloride]]}}
| OtherFunction = {{ubl
 | [[Iron(II) sulfate]]
 | [[Aluminium chloride|Polyaluminium chloride]]}}
| OtherFunction_label = [[Flocculation|coagulants]]
| OtherCompounds = }}
}}
'''염화 철(III)'''(Iron(III) chloride)은 화학식 [[철|Fe]][[염화 이온|Cl]]<sub>3</sub>을 갖는 무기 화합물이다. +3 [[산화수]]의 흔한 철 화합물이다. 이 무수화합물은 고체 결정이며 녹는점은 307.6&nbsp;°C에 이른다. 색은 보는 각도에 따라 다르게 나타난다. 반사되는 빛에 의해 결정은 어두운 녹색으로 보이지만 투과되는 빛에 의해 자주색-빨간색으로 보인다.

== 준비 ==
:{{chem2|2 Fe + 3 Cl2 → 2 FeCl3}}

== 안전 ==
염화 철(III)은 유해하며 매우 부식성이 강한 산성이다. 강력한 탈수제 역할을 한다.

인간에 미치는 독성이 희귀하다는 보고가 있긴 하지만 염화 철을 소화하면 치명적이며 사망에 이를 수 있다.

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}
; 내용주
<references group="Note" />

{{염화물}}
{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:염화물]]
[[분류:배위 화합물]]
[[분류:산 촉매]]
[[분류:철(III) 화합물]]
[[분류:금속 할로젠화물]]