{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
자연계에 존재하는 [[가돌리늄]]의 동위 원소는 <sup>152</sup>Gd, <sup>154</sup>Gd, <sup>155</sup>Gd, <sup>156</sup>Gd, <sup>157</sup>Gd, <sup>158</sup>Gd, <sup>160</sup>Gd이 존재한다.
이들 중 <sup>152</sup>Gd은 [[알파 붕괴]]를 하여 <sup>148</sup>Sm으로 붕괴한다. <sup>160</sup>Gd은 반감기가 존재할 것으로 예상되지만 아직 붕괴하는 모습은 관측되지 않았으며, 어쩌면 예상과 다르게 붕괴하지 않을 수도 있다.

<sup>150</sup>Gd은 반감기가 179만년으로 태양계 극초창기에는 존재했었지만 이른 시기에 다 붕괴하여 현재는 존재하지 않는다.

<sup>155</sup>Gd과 <sup>157</sup>Gd은 중성자 흡수율이 매우 뛰어나 중성자 흡수재로도 이용된다.

== 표 ==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%; white-space:nowrap"
|-
! rowspan="2" | 핵자<br />수
! Z([[양성자|p]])
! N([[중성자|n]])
! &nbsp;<br />동위 원소 질량 (u)<br />&nbsp;
! rowspan="2" | 반감기<ref group="n">안정 동위 원소는 굵은 글씨로 표기, 우주의 나이보다 반감기가 긴 동위 원소의 반감기는 굵은 흘림체로 표기</ref>
! rowspan="2" | 붕괴<br />방식<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.nucleonica.net/unc.aspx |title=Universal Nuclide Chart |publisher=Nucleonica |date= |accessdate=2012-05-30}}</ref><ref group="n">약어:<br />ε: [[전자 포획]]<br />IT: [[이성질핵 전이]]</ref>
! rowspan="2" | 붕괴 생성<br />동위 원소<ref group="n">안정 동위 원소는 굵은 글씨로 표기, 우주의 나이보다 반감기가 긴 동위 원소는 굵은 흘림체로 표기</ref>
! rowspan="2" | 핵<br />스핀
! rowspan="2" | 자연계에 존재하는<br />동위 원소<br />범위<br />(몰 분율)
! rowspan="2" | 자연계에 존재하는<br />최대 범위<br />(몰 분율)
|-
! colspan="3" | 들뜬 에너지
|-
| <sup>134</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 70
| 133.95537(43)#
| 0.4# s
|
|
| 0+
|
|
|-
| <sup>135</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 71
| 134.95257(54)#
| 1.1(2) s
|
|
| 3/2-
|
|
|-
| <sup>136</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 72
| 135.94734(43)#
| 1# s [>200 ns]
| [[베타 붕괴|β<sup>+</sup>]]
| <sup>136</sup>Eu
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>137</sup>Gd
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 64
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 73
| rowspan=2|136.94502(43)#
| rowspan=2|2.2(2) s
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>137</sup>Eu
| rowspan=2|7/2+#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>+</sup>, [[양성자 방출|p]] (드묾)
| <sup>136</sup>Sm
|-
| <sup>138</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 74
| 137.94012(21)#
| 4.7(9) s
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>138</sup>Eu
| 0+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>138m</sup>Gd
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2232.7(11) keV
| 6(1) µs
|
|
| (8-)
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>139</sup>Gd
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 64
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 75
| rowspan=2|138.93824(21)#
| rowspan=2|5.7(3) s
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>139</sup>Eu
| rowspan=2|9/2-#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>+</sup>, p (드묾)
| <sup>138</sup>Sm
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>139m</sup>Gd
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 250(150)# keV
| 4.8(9) s
|
|
| 1/2+#
|
|
|-
| <sup>140</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 76
| 139.93367(3)
| 15.8(4) s
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>140</sup>Eu
| 0+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>141</sup>Gd
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 64
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 77
| rowspan=2|140.932126(21)
| rowspan=2|14(4) s
| β<sup>+</sup> (99.97%)
| <sup>141</sup>Eu
| rowspan=2|(1/2+)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>+</sup>, p (0.03%)
| <sup>140</sup>Sm
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>141m</sup>Gd
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 377.8(2) keV
| rowspan=2|24.5(5) s
| β<sup>+</sup> (89%)
| <sup>141</sup>Eu
| rowspan=2|(11/2-)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| [[이성질핵 전이|IT]] (11%)
| <sup>141</sup>Gd
|-
| <sup>142</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 78
| 141.92812(3)
| 70.2(6) s
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>142</sup>Eu
| 0+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=3|<sup>143</sup>Gd
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 64
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=3|142.92675(22)
| rowspan=3|39(2) s
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>143</sup>Eu
| rowspan=3|(1/2)+
| rowspan=3|
| rowspan=3|
|-
| β<sup>+</sup>, [[알파 붕괴|α]] (드묾)
| <sup>139</sup>Pm
|-
| β<sup>+</sup>, p (드묾)
| <sup>142</sup>Sm
|-
| rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>143m</sup>Gd
| rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 152.6(5) keV
| rowspan=3|110.0(14) s
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>143</sup>Eu
| rowspan=3|(11/2-)
| rowspan=3|
| rowspan=3|
|-
| β<sup>+</sup>, [[알파 붕괴|α]] (드묾)
| <sup>139</sup>Pm
|-
| β<sup>+</sup>, p (드묾)
| <sup>142</sup>Sm
|-
| <sup>144</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 80
| 143.92296(3)
| 4.47(6) min
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>144</sup>Eu
| 0+
|
|
|-
| <sup>145</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 81
| 144.921709(20)
| 23.0(4) min
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>145</sup>Eu
| 1/2+
| 
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>145m</sup>Gd
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 749.1(2) keV
| rowspan=2|85(3) s
| IT (94.3%)
| <sup>145</sup>Gd
| rowspan=2|11/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>+</sup> (5.7%)
| <sup>145</sup>Eu
|-
| <sup>146</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 82
| 145.918311(5)
| 48.27(10) d
| [[전자 포획|ε]]
| <sup>146</sup>Eu
| 0+
|
|
|-
| <sup>147</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 83
| 146.919094(3)
| 38.06(12) h
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>147</sup>Eu
| 7/2-
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>147m</sup>Gd
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 8587.8(4) keV
| 510(20) ns
|
|
| (49/2+)
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>148</sup>Gd
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 64
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84
| rowspan=2|147.918115(3)
| rowspan=2|74.6(30) a
| α
| '''<sup>144</sup>Sm'''
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>+</sup>β<sup>+</sup> (드묾)
| '''''<sup>148</sup>Sm'''''
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>149</sup>Gd
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 64
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 85
| rowspan=2|148.919341(4)
| rowspan=2|9.28(10) d
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>149</sup>Eu
| rowspan=2|7/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (4.34×10<sup>−4</sup>%)
| <sup>145</sup>Sm
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>150</sup>Gd
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 64
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 86
| rowspan=2|149.918659(7)
| rowspan=2|1.79(8)×10<sup>6</sup> a
| α
| <sup>146</sup>Sm
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>+</sup>β<sup>+</sup> (드묾)
| '''<sup>150</sup>Sm'''
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>151</sup>Gd
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 64
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 87
| rowspan=2|150.920348(4)
| rowspan=2|124(1) d
| ε
| '''''<sup>151</sup>Eu'''''
| rowspan=2|7/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| α (10<sup>−6</sup>%)
| '''''<sup>147</sup>Sm'''''
|-
| <sup>152</sup>Gd<ref group="n">태양계 초창기부터 존재해 왔었던 방사성 핵자</ref>
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 88
| 151.9197910(27)
| '''1.08(8)×10<sup>14</sup> a'''
| α
| '''''<sup>148</sup>Sm'''''
| 0+
| 0.0020(1)
|
|-
| <sup>153</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 89
| 152.9217495(27)
| 240.4(10) d
| ε
| '''<sup>153</sup>Eu'''
| 3/2-
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>153m1</sup>Gd
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 95.1737(12) keV
| 3.5(4) µs
|
|
| (9/2+)
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>153m2</sup>Gd
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 171.189(5) keV
| 76.0(14) µs
|
|
| (11/2-)
|
|
|-
| <sup>154</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 90
| 153.9208656(27)
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|'''안정'''<ref group="n">α 붕괴를 통해 '''<sup>150</sup>Sm</sup>'''으로 붕괴할 수 있다.</ref>
| 0+
| 0.0218(3)
|
|-
| <sup>155</sup>Gd<ref group="n" name="FP">핵분열 생성물</ref>
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 91
| 154.9226220(27)
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|'''안정'''<ref group="n">α 붕괴를 통해 <sup>151</sup>Sm</sup>으로 붕괴할 수 있다.</ref>
| 3/2-
| 0.1480(12)
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>155m</sup>Gd
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 121.05(19) keV
| 31.97(27) ms
| IT
| '''<sup>155</sup>Gd'''
| 11/2-
|
|
|-
| <sup>156</sup>Gd<ref group="n" name="FP" />
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 92
| 155.9221227(27)
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|'''안정'''<ref group="n" name="SF">이론상으로 [[자발 핵분열]]을 할 수 있다.</ref>
| 0+
| 0.2047(9)
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>156m</sup>Gd
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2137.60(5) keV
| 1.3(1) µs
|
|
| 7-
|
|
|-
| <sup>157</sup>Gd<ref group="n" name="FP" />
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 93
| 156.9239601(27)
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|'''안정'''<ref group="n" name="SF" />
| 3/2-
| 0.1565(2)
|
|-
| <sup>158</sup>Gd<ref group="n" name="FP" />
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 94
| 157.9241039(27)
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|'''안정'''<ref group="n" name="SF" />
| 0+
| 0.2484(7)
|
|-
| <sup>159</sup>Gd<ref group="n" name="FP" />
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 95
| 158.9263887(27)
| 18.479(4) h
| β<sup>-</sup>
| '''<sup>159</sup>Tb'''
| 3/2-
|
|
|-
| <sup>160</sup>Gd<ref group="n" name="FP" />
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 96
| 159.9270541(27)
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|'''관찰 안정'''<ref group="n">β<sup>-</sup>β<sup>-</sup> 붕괴를 통해 '''<sup>160</sup>Dy'''으로 붕괴할 수 있으며 반감기는 1.6×10<sup>22</sup> 년을 초과할 것으로 예상된다.</ref>
| 0+
| 0.2186(19)
|
|-
| <sup>161</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 97
| 160.9296692(29)
| 3.646(3) min
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>161</sup>Tb
| 5/2-
|
|
|-
| <sup>162</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 98
| 161.930985(5)
| 8.4(2) min
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>162</sup>Tb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| <sup>163</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 99
| 162.93399(32)#
| 68(3) s
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>163</sup>Tb
| 7/2+#
|
|
|-
| <sup>164</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 100
| 163.93586(43)#
| 45(3) s
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>164</sup>Tb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| <sup>165</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 101
| 164.93938(54)#
| 10.3(16) s
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>165</sup>Tb
| 1/2-#
|
|
|-
| <sup>166</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 102
| 165.94160(64)#
| 4.8(10) s
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>166</sup>Tb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| <sup>167</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 103
| 166.94557(64)#
| 3# s
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>167</sup>Tb
| 5/2-#
|
|
|-
| <sup>168</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 104
| 167.94836(75)#
| 300# ms
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>168</sup>Tb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| <sup>169</sup>Gd
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| style="text-align:right" | 105
| 168.95287(86)#
| 1# s
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>169</sup>Tb
| 7/2-#
|
|
|}
{{각주|group="n"}}

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

{{동위 원소 색인}}

[[분류:가돌리늄|동위 원소]]
[[분류:가돌리늄 동위 원소| ]]
[[분류:원소별 동위 원소 목록]]