{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:International Standard Atmosphere.svg|섬네일]]
어떤 물질의 열역학량을 정의하기 위해서는 표준적인 상태를 정해야 할 필요가 있다. 이 표준을 '''표준 온도 압력'''(標準 溫度 壓力)이라고 한다.

SATP(Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure)와 STP(Standard Temperature and Pressure)의 두가지 종류가 있는데, SATP가 보다 널리 쓰인다.

[[IUPAC]]에서 정의한 것에 따르면 다음과 같다:

* STP (1982년 이후): 온도 0&nbsp;[[섭씨|°C]] (273.15&nbsp;[[켈빈|K]]), 압력 1&nbsp;[[바 (단위)|bar]] (100000&nbsp;[[파스칼 (단위)|Pa]])
* STP (1982년 이전): 온도 0&nbsp;°C (273.15&nbsp;K), 압력 1&nbsp;[[기압|atm]] (101325&nbsp;Pa)
* SATP: 온도 25&nbsp;°C (298.15&nbsp;K), 압력 1&nbsp;bar (100000&nbsp;Pa)

== 현재의 사용 ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ '''표 1: 현재 사용의 표준 참조 조건'''<br /><br />
! 온도 !! 절대 압력 !! 상대 습도
!rowspan="2"| 제정 단체
|-
!°C!!kPa!!% RH
|-
|align="center"|0||align="center"|100.000||&nbsp;||IUPAC (현재 정의)<ref name=IUPAC>"Compendium of Terminology", 2nd Edition, 1997, IUPAC Secretariat, Research Triangle Park, P.O. Box 13757, NC, USA (former and present definitions)&nbsp; [http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/S05910.pdf IUPAC Compendium] {{웨이백|url=http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/S05910.pdf |date=20160524211724 }}</ref>
|-
|align="center"|0||align="center"|101.325||&nbsp;||IUPAC (이전 정의),<ref name=IUPAC/> NIST,<ref name=NISTDataBase7>"NIST Standard Reference Data Base 7 Users Guide", December 1969, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, USA &nbsp;[http://www.nist.gov/srd/WebGuide/nist7/07_2.htm NIST Data Base 7] {{웨이백|url=http://www.nist.gov/srd/WebGuide/nist7/07_2.htm |date=20110629044700 }}</ref> ISO 10780<ref name=ISO10780>"Stationary source emissions – Measurement of velocity and volume flow rate of gas streams in ducts", ISO 10780, [[국제 표준화 기구]], Geneva, Switzerland &nbsp;[http://www.iso.org/iso/en/ISOOnline.frontpage ISO]</ref>
|-
|align="center"|15||align="center"|101.325||align="center"|0 <sup>[4]</sup>, <sup>[5]</sup>||ISA,<ref name=Handbook>"Handbook of Physics and Chemistry", 56th Edition, pp.F201-F206, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA</ref> ISO 13443,<ref name=ISO13443>"Natural gas – Standard reference conditions", ISO 13443, International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland &nbsp;[http://www.iso.org/iso/en/ISOOnline.frontpage ISO]</ref> EEA,<ref name=EEA>"Extraction, First Treatment and Loading of Liquid & Gaseous Fossil Fuels", Emission Inventory Guidebook B521, Activities 050201 - 050303,  September 1999, European Environmental Agency, Copenhagen, Denmark &nbsp;[http://reports.eea.eu.int/EMEPCORINAIR3/en/B521vs3.1.pdf Emission Inventory Guidebook]{{깨진 링크|url=http://reports.eea.eu.int/EMEPCORINAIR3/en/B521vs3.1.pdf }}</ref> EGIA<ref name=EGIA>"Electricity and Gas Inspection Act", SOR/86-131 (defines a set of standard conditions for Imperial units and a different set for metric units) &nbsp;[http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/E-4/SOR-86-131/95708.html Canadian Laws] {{웨이백|url=http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/E-4/SOR-86-131/95708.html |date=20050103235031 }}</ref>
|-
|align="center"|20||align="center"|101.325||&nbsp;||EPA,<ref name=NSPS>"Standards of Performance for New Sources", 40 CFR--Protection of the Environment, Chapter I, Part 60, Section 60.2, 1990 &nbsp;[http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/08aug20051500/edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2005/julqtr/pdf/40cfr60.2.pdf New Source Performance Standards]</ref> NIST<ref name=NISTJournal>"Design and Uncertainty for a PVTt Gas Flow Standard", Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Vol.108, Number 1, 2003 &nbsp;[http://www.cstl.nist.gov/div836/836.01/PDFs/2003/j80wri.pdf NIST Journal] {{웨이백|url=http://www.cstl.nist.gov/div836/836.01/PDFs/2003/j80wri.pdf# |date=20060414044426 }}</ref>
|-
|align="center"|25||align="center"|101.325||&nbsp;||EPA<ref name=NAAQS>"National Primary and Secondary Ambient Air Quality Standards", 40 CFR--Protection of the Environment, Chapter I, Part 50, Section 50.3, 1998 &nbsp;[http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/08aug20051500/edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2005/julqtr/pdf/40cfr50.3.pdf National Ambient Air Standards]</ref>
|-
|align="center"|25||align="center"|100.000||&nbsp;||SATP<ref name=NBS>"Table of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties", National Bureau of Standards (NBS), Journal of Physics and Chemical Reference Data, 1982, Vol. 11, Supplement 2.</ref>
|-
|align="center"|20||align="center"|100.000||align="center"|0||CAGI<ref name=CAGI>"Glossary", 2002, Compressed Air and Gas Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA &nbsp;[http://www.cagi.org/toolbox/glossary.htm Glossary] {{웨이백|url=http://www.cagi.org/toolbox/glossary.htm# |date=20071028065918 }}</ref>
|-
|align="center"|15||align="center"|100.000||&nbsp;||SPE<ref name=SPE>"The SI Metric System of Units and SPE Metric Standard (Notes for Table 2.3 on page 25)", June 1982, Richardson, TX, USA (defines standard cubic foot and standard cubic meter) &nbsp;[http://www.spe.org/specma/binary/files/1004742metric_std.pdf SPE] {{웨이백|url=http://www.spe.org/specma/binary/files/1004742metric_std.pdf# |date=20070125142251 }}</ref>
|-
!°F!!psia!! % RH
|-
|align="center"|60||align="center"|14.696||&nbsp;||SPE,<ref name=SPE/> OSHA,<ref name=OSHA>"Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases" and "Storage and Handling of Anhydrous Ammonia", 29 CFR--Labor, Chapter XVII--Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Part 1910, Sect. 1910.110 and 1910.111, 1993 &nbsp;[http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=f169acd0f57a17565c9984fa0f57d285&rgn=div8&view=text&node=29:5.1.1.1.8.8.33.10&idno=29 Storage/Handling of LPG] {{웨이백|url=http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=f169acd0f57a17565c9984fa0f57d285&rgn=div8&view=text&node=29:5.1.1.1.8.8.33.10&idno=29# |date=20060719085519 }}</ref> SCAQMD<ref name=SCAQMD>"Rule 102, Definition of Terms (Standard Conditions)", Amended December 2004, South Coast Air Quality Management District, Los Angeles, California, USA &nbsp;[http://www.aqmd.gov/rules/reg/reg01/r102.pdf SCAQMD Rule 102] {{웨이백|url=http://www.aqmd.gov/rules/reg/reg01/r102.pdf# |date=20081219153207 }}</ref>
|-
|align="center"|60||align="center"|14.73||&nbsp;||EGIA,<ref name=EGIA/> OPEC,<ref name=OPEC>"Annual Statistical Bulletin", 2004, Editor-in-chief: Dr. Omar Ibrahim, Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, Vienna, Austria &nbsp;[http://www.opec.org/library/Annual%20Statistical%20Bulletin/pdf/ASB2004.pdf OPEC Statistical Bulletin] {{웨이백|url=http://www.opec.org/library/Annual%20Statistical%20Bulletin/pdf/ASB2004.pdf# |date=20081219153207 }}</ref> EIA<ref name=EIA>"Natural Gas Annual 2004", DOE/EIA-0131(04), December 2005, U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Washington, D.C., USA &nbsp;[http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/FTPROOT/natgas/013104.pdf Natural Gas Annual 2004] {{웨이백|url=http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/FTPROOT/natgas/013104.pdf |date=20090427143426 }}</ref>
|-
|align="center"|59||align="center"|14.503||align="center"|78||Army Standard Metro<ref name=ArmyStdMetro>"Effects of Altitude and Atmospheric Conditions", Exterior Ballistics Section, Sierra's "Rifle and Handgun Reloading Manual, 5th Edition", Sedalia, MO, USA &nbsp;[http://www.exteriorballistics.com/ebexplained/5th/31.cfm Exterior Ballistics] {{웨이백|url=http://www.exteriorballistics.com/ebexplained/5th/31.cfm |date=20060309023230 }}</ref>
|-
|align="center"|59||align="center"|14.696||align="center"|60||ISO 2314, ISO 3977-2<ref name=ISO3977-2>"Gas turbines – Procurement – Part 2: Standard reference conditions and ratings", ISO 3977-2:1997 and "Gas turbines - Acceptance tests", ISO 2314:1989, Edition 2, International  Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland [http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/ISOstore/store.html ISO] {{웨이백|url=http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/ISOstore/store.html |date=20080808113341 }}</ref>
|-
!°F!!in Hg!! % RH
|-
|align="center"|70||align="center"|29.92||align="center"|0||AMCA,<ref name=AMCA>ANSI/AMCA Standard 210, "Laboratory Methods Of Testing Fans for Aerodynamic Performance Rating", as implied here: http://www.greenheck.com/pdf/centrifugal/Plug.pdf when accessed on October 17, 2007</ref> 대기 밀도 = 0.075 lbm/ft³
|}

== 참조 ==
<references/>

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[표준 대기]]
* [[ISO 1]]

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:물리화학]]
[[분류:열역학]]
[[분류:공업열역학]]