{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{Infobox medical intervention|
| Name = 경두개자기자극술
| Image = File:Transcranial magnetic stimulation.jpg
| Caption = 경두개자기자극술
| Speciality = [[정신의학]], [[신경학]]
| ICD10 = 
| ICD9 = 
| MeshID = D050781
| OtherCodes = 
}}

'''경두개자기자극술'''(經頭蓋磁氣刺激術, transcranial magnetic stimulation ('''TMS'''))은 [[자기장]]의 변화를 통한 [[전류]]를 이용한 비침습적 [[뇌자극]]법이다. [[코일]]을 두개에 가까이 위치시켜 자기장을 변화시키면, 변화한 자기장에 의해 뇌 안에서 전자기 유도에 의한 전기장이 형성된다.<ref name="NICE2014">NICE. January 2014 [https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/IPG477 Transcranial magnetic stimulation for treating and preventing migraine]</ref>{{rp|3}}<ref name="Harvard">Michael Craig Miller for Harvard Health Publications. July 26, 2012 [http://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/magnetic-stimulation-a-new-approach-to-treating-depression-201207265064 Magnetic stimulation: a new approach to treating depression?]</ref>

[[중추신경계]]와 관련된 질병을 진단하거나 치료하는데 이용된다. 현재에도 연구가 활발히 진행된다.<ref name="diagnostic1">{{저널 인용|title=A practical guide to diagnostic transcranial magnetic stimulation: report of an IFCN committee|journal=Clinical Neurophysiology|date=May 2012|volume=123|issue=5|pages=858–82|doi=10.1016/j.clinph.2012.01.010|pmc=4890546|pmid=22349304|display-authors=6|vauthors=Groppa S, Oliviero A, Eisen A, Quartarone A, Cohen LG, Mall V, Kaelin-Lang A, Mima T, Rossi S, Thickbroom GW, Rossini PM, Ziemann U, Valls-Solé J, Siebner HR}}</ref><ref name="Lefaucher1">{{저널 인용|title=Evidence-based guidelines on the therapeutic use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)|journal=Clinical Neurophysiology|date=November 2014|volume=125|issue=11|pages=2150–2206|doi=10.1016/j.clinph.2014.05.021|pmid=25034472|display-authors=6|vauthors=Lefaucheur JP, André-Obadia N, Antal A, Ayache SS, Baeken C, Benninger DH, Cantello RM, Cincotta M, de Carvalho M, De Ridder D, Devanne H, Di Lazzaro V, Filipović SR, Hummel FC, Jääskeläinen SK, Kimiskidis VK, Koch G, Langguth B, Nyffeler T, Oliviero A, Padberg F, Poulet E, Rossi S, Rossini PM, Rothwell JC, Schönfeldt-Lecuona C, Siebner HR, Slotema CW, Stagg CJ, Valls-Sole J, Ziemann U, Paulus W, Garcia-Larrea L|s2cid=206798663}}</ref><ref name="pmid21474597">{{저널 인용|title=Daily Left Prefrontal Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Acute Treatment of Medication-Resistant Depression|journal=American Journal of Psychiatry|last1=George|first1=Mark S.|last2=Post|first2=Robert M.|date=April 2011|volume=168|issue=4|pages=356–364|doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.10060864|pmid=21474597}}</ref><ref name="pmid22091472">{{저널 인용|title=Nonpharmacologic Interventions for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Adults|last1=Gaynes|first1=Bradley N.|last2=Lux|first2=Linda J.|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65315/|date=2011|series=AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews|publisher=Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality|pmid=22091472|last3=Lloyd|first3=Stacey W.|last4=Hansen|first4=Richard A.|last5=Gartlehner|first5=Gerald|last6=Keener|first6=Patricia|last7=Brode|first7=Shannon|last8=Evans|first8=Tammeka Swinson|last9=Jonas|first9=Dan|last10=Crotty|first10=Karen|last11=Viswanathan|first11=Meera|last12=Lohr|first12=Kathleen N.}}</ref><ref name="pmid23249815">{{저널 인용|title=Clinically Meaningful Efficacy and Acceptability of Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) for Treating Primary Major Depression: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized, Double-Blind and Sham-Controlled Trials|journal=Neuropsychopharmacology|last1=Berlim|first1=Marcelo T|last2=Van den Eynde|first2=Frederique|date=19 November 2012|volume=38|issue=4|pages=543–551|doi=10.1038/npp.2012.237|pmc=3572468|pmid=23249815|last3=Jeff Daskalakis|first3=Z}}</ref><ref name="Perera et al 2015">{{보고서 인용|first1=Tarique|last1=Perera|first2=Mark|last2=George|first3=Geoffrey|last3=Grammer|first4=Philip|last4=Janicak|first5=Alvaro|last5=Pascual-Leone|first6=Theodore|last6=Wirecki|date=April 27, 2015|title=TMS Therapy For Major Depressive Disorder: Evidence Review and Treatment Recommendations for Clinical Practice|url=http://tmscenterofcolorado.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Clinical-TMS-Society-WhitePaper_2015.pdf}}</ref><ref name="pmid22559998">{{저널 인용|title=Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment for psychiatric disorders: A comprehensive review|journal=European Psychiatry|last1=Bersani|first1=F.S.|last2=Minichino|first2=A.|date=January 2013|volume=28|issue=1|pages=30–39|doi=10.1016/j.eurpsy.2012.02.006|pmid=22559998|last3=Enticott|first3=P.G.|last4=Mazzarini|first4=L.|last5=Khan|first5=N.|last6=Antonacci|first6=G.|last7=Raccah|first7=R.N.|last8=Salviati|first8=M.|last9=Delle Chiaie|first9=R.|last10=Bersani|first10=G.|last11=Fitzgerald|first11=P.B.|last12=Biondi|first12=M.|s2cid=29053871}}</ref><ref name="Doug2015">{{저널 인용|title=Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for schizophrenia|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|url=http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/22520/1/Dougall_et_al-2015-The_Cochrane_Library.pdf|date=August 2015|volume=8|issue=8|pages=CD006081|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD006081.pub2|pmid=26289586|vauthors=Dougall N, Maayan N, Soares-Weiser K, McDermott LM, McIntosh A|hdl=1893/22520|hdl-access=free}}</ref>

드문 경우이지만 [[졸도]]나 [[경련]] 등의 부작용이 나타나기도 한다.<ref name="Rossi">{{저널 인용|title=Safety and recommendations for TMS use in healthy subjects and patient populations, with updates on training, ethical and regulatory issues: Expert Guidelines.|journal=Clinical Neurophysiology|last1=Rossi|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388245720305149|date=January 2021|volume=132|issue=1|pages=269–306|doi=10.1016/j.clinph.2020.10.003|pmid=33243615|display-authors=et al.|s2cid=225049093}}</ref> 이외에는 불편감, 고통, [[경조증]], 인지 능력의 변화, [[귀울림]] 등의 부작용이 발생하기도 하며, [[제세동기]] 등 금속 보철물을 삽입한 경우에는 의도치 않은 전류가 발생할 수 있다.<ref name="Rossi" />

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[전기 경련 요법]]
== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:신경공학]]
[[분류:자기 장치]]
[[분류:신경생리학]]
[[분류:신경심리학]]
[[분류:1985년 도입]]
[[분류:2008년 도입된 제품]]