{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{Chembox
|Verifiedfields = changed
|Watchedfields = changed
|verifiedrevid = 476996956
|Name = 삼플루오르화 붕소
|IUPACName=Boron trifluoride
|ImageFileL1 = Boron-trifluoride-2D-dimensions.png
|ImageNameL1 = Boron trifluoride in 2D
|ImageFileR1 = Boron-trifluoride-3D-vdW.png
|ImageNameR1 = Boron trifluoride in 3D
|OtherNames = Boron fluoride, Trifluoroborane
|SystematicName=Trifluoroborane
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
|ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
|ChemSpiderID = 6116
|ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
|ChEBI = 33093
|SMILES = FB(F)F
|StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
|StdInChI = 1S/BF3/c2-1(3)4
|StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
|StdInChIKey = WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|CASNo = 7637-07-2
|CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
|CASNo1 = 13319-75-0
|CASNo1_Comment = (dihydrate)
|UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|changed|FDA}}
|UNII = 7JGD48PX8P
|PubChem = 6356
|EINECS = 231-569-5
|RTECS = ED2275000
|UNNumber = compressed: [[List of UN Numbers 1001 to 1100|1008]].<!-- <br />''Complex with acetic acid: ''[[List of UN Numbers 1701 to 1800|1742]].<br/>''Complex with propionic acid: ''[[List of UN Numbers 1701 to 1800|1743]].<br/>''Boron trifuoride diethyl etherate: ''[[List of UN Numbers 2601 to 2700|2604]].<br/>''Boron trifluoride dimethyl etherate: ''[[List of UN Numbers 2901 to 3000|2965]].--><br/>boron trifluoride dihydrate: [[List of UN Numbers 2801 to 2900|2851]].
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
|Formula = {{chem2|BF3}}
|MolarMass = 67.82 g/mol (anhydrous) <br /> 103.837 g/mol (dihydrate)
|Appearance = colorless gas (anhydrous) <br /> colorless liquid (dihydrate)
|Odor = Pungent
|Density = 0.00276 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (anhydrous gas) <br /> 1.64 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (dihydrate)
|SolubleOther = soluble in [[benzene]], [[toluene]], [[hexane]], [[chloroform]] and [[methylene chloride]]
|Solubility = exothermic decomposition<ref>{{서적 인용|url=http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=4911&page=266|title=Prudent Practices in the Laboratory|date=16 August 1995|website=nap.edu|access-date=7 May 2018|doi=10.17226/4911|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214075308/http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=4911&page=266|archive-date=14 December 2014|isbn=978-0-309-05229-0}}</ref> (anhydrous)<br />very soluble (dihydrate)
|MeltingPtC = −126.8
|BoilingPtC = −100.3
|Dipole = 0 D
|VaporPressure = >50 atm (20&nbsp;°C)<ref name=PGCH/>
}}
|Section3={{Chembox Thermochemistry
|DeltaHf = −1137 kJ/mol
|DeltaGf = −1120 kJ/mol
|Entropy = 254.3 J/(mol·K)
|HeatCapacity = 50.46 J/(mol·K)
}}
|Section4={{Chembox Hazards
|ExternalSDS = {{ICSC-small|0231}}
|Hazards_ref =<ref>{{CLP Regulation|index=005-001-00-X|page=341}}</ref><ref>{{PGCH-ref|id=0062|name=Boron trifluoride}}.</ref>
|GHSPictograms = {{GHS04|Press. Gas}} {{GHS06|Acute Tox. 2}} {{GHS05|Skin Corr. 1A}} {{GHS08}}
|GHSSignalWord = DANGER
|HPhrases = {{H-phrases|280|330|314|335|373}}
|PPhrases = {{P-phrases|260|280|303+361+353|304+340|310|305+351+338|403+233}}
|NFPA-H = 3
|NFPA-F = 0
|NFPA-R = 1
|FlashPt = Nonflammable
|PEL = C 1 ppm (3 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0062}}</ref>
|REL = C 1 ppm (3 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH/>
|IDLH = 25 ppm<ref name=PGCH/>
|LC50 = 1227 ppm (mouse, 2 hr)<br/>39 ppm (guinea pig, 4 hr)<br/>418 ppm (rat, 4 hr)<ref>{{IDLH|7637072|Boron trifluoride}}</ref>
}}<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.newenv.com/resources/nfpa_chemicals|title=New Environment Inc. - NFPA Chemicals|first=New Environment|last=Inc|website=www.newenv.com|access-date=7 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827183112/https://www.newenv.com/resources/nfpa_chemicals/|archive-date=27 August 2016}}</ref>
|Section5={{Chembox Related
|OtherAnions = {{ubl|[[삼염화붕소]]|[[삼브롬화붕소]]|[[삼요오드화붕소]]}}
|OtherCations = {{ubl|[[불화 알루미늄]]|[[불화 갈륨(III)]]|[[불화 인듐(III)]]|[[불화 탈륨(III)]]}}
|OtherCompounds = [[일플루오르화 붕소]]
}}
}}
'''삼플루오르화 붕소'''(Boron trifluoride)는 화학식 {{chem2|BF3}}를 갖는 무기 화합물이다. 이 자극성, 무색 및 독성 가스는 습한 공기 중에서 흰색 연기를 형성한다. 이는 유용한 루이스산이며 다른 붕소 화합물의 다용도 빌딩 블록이다.

== 구조와 결합 ==
BF3 분자의 기하학적 구조는 삼각형 평면이다. D3h 대칭은 VSEPR 이론의 예측과 일치한다. 분자는 대칭성이 높기 때문에 쌍극자 모멘트가 없다. 분자는 탄산염 음이온인 {{chem2|CO3(2-)}}와 등전자이다.

BF3는 일반적으로 루이스 염기에 대한 발열 반응에 의해 강화되는 설명인 "전자 결핍"이라고 한다.

삼할로겐화붕소인 BX<sub>3</sub>에서 B-X 결합의 길이(1.30Å)는 단일 결합에서 예상되는 것보다 짧으며, 이러한 짧은 것은 불소에서 B-X [[파이 결합]]이 더 강하다는 것을 나타낼 수 있다. 손쉬운 설명은 불소 원자에 있는 3개의 유사한 방향의 p 오비탈의 동위상 조합과 붕소 원자의 p 오비탈의 대칭 허용 중첩을 불러온다. 다른 사람들은 BF3 결합의 이온 특성을 지적한다.

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* {{웹 인용| url = http://www.osha.gov/dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH_221700.html | title = Safety and Health Topics: Boron Trifluoride | publisher = OSHA }}
* {{웹 인용| url = https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcsneng/neng0231.html | title = BORON TRIFLUORIDE ICSC: 0231 | work = International Chemical Safety Cards | publisher = CDC | access-date = 2017-09-08 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171123090449/https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcsneng/neng0231.html | archive-date = 2017-11-23 | url-status = dead }}
* {{웹 인용| url = http://www.npi.gov.au/substances/boron/index.html | work = National Pollutant Inventory | title = Boron & Compounds: Overview | publisher = Australian Government }}
* {{웹 인용| url = http://www.npi.gov.au/substances/fluoride-compounds/index.html | work = National Pollutant Inventory | title = Fluoride Compounds: Overview | publisher = Australian Government }}
* {{웹 인용| url = http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C7637072 | title = Boron trifluoride | work = WebBook | publisher = NIST }}
* {{웹 인용| url = http://www51.honeywell.com/sm/bf3/applications.html | title = Boron Trifluoride (BF<sub>3</sub>) Applications | publisher = Honeywell | access-date = 2012-02-14 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120129231149/http://www51.honeywell.com/sm/bf3/applications.html | archive-date = 2012-01-29 | url-status = dead }}

{{붕소 화합물}}
{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:플루오린화물]]
[[분류:붕소 화합물]]
[[분류:산업 가스]]
[[분류:산 촉매]]