{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:Cuba.FidelCastro.02.jpg|섬네일|260px|[[피델 카스트로]].]]
'''철권통치자'''(鐵拳統治者) 또는 '''스트롱맨'''({{llang|en|Strongman}})은 폭력적·강압적 수단을 사용하여 [[권위주의]] 정권을 유지하는 국가 지도자를 뜻한다. 흔히 [[독재자]](dictator)와 혼용되어 쓰이나, [[군벌]](warlord)과는 다른 말이다.

권위주의 폭력 정치를 행하는 [[정부 수장]]뿐 아니라, 자신의 입헌적 권리를 넘어서는 범위까지 영향력을 미치는 군사적, 정치적 인물 역시 ‘철권통치자’라고 칭하기도 한다. 예컨대 [[마누엘 노리에가]]는 [[파나마]] 대통령이 아니었지만, 대통령보다 더 큰 영향력을 가졌기에 파나마의 독재자로 간주되었다. 파키스탄의 [[라히무딘 칸]] 장군 역시 [[계엄]]사령관으로서 "[[발루치스탄 주|발루치스탄]]의 철권통치자"라는 평가를 들었다.

== 철권통치자로 일컬어진 정치인 목록 ==
* [[김정일]]<ref>{{웹 인용 |url=http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/031229/29kim_3.htm |제목=Is North Korean dictator Kim Jong Il ready to trade away his growing nuclear arsenal, or is he just playing for time? – US News and World Report |출판사=Usnews.com |확인날짜=2012-04-20 |보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008215251/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/031229/29kim_3.htm |보존날짜=2012-10-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[나폴레옹 보나파르트]]
* [[다니엘 아랍 모이]]<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2161868.stm |제목=Moi's legacy to Kenya |출판사=BBC News |날짜=2002-08-05 |확인날짜=2012-04-20}}</ref>
* [[덩샤오핑]]<ref name=scmp20120420xiang>Xiang, Lanxin (2012-04-20). "Bo Xilai probe shows up China's outdated system of government". ''South China Morning Post''</ref>
* [[도널드 트럼프]]
* [[리콴유]]<ref>[http://www.pacificaffairs.ubc.ca/SampleBookReview/v75no3_Jayasuriya.pdf ]{{ {{웨이백|url=http://www.pacificaffairs.ubc.ca/SampleBookReview/v75no3_Jayasuriya.pdf |date=20080529051908 }}</ref>
* [[수하르토]] 
* [[마누엘 노리에가]]<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.notablebiographies.com/Ni-Pe/Noriega-Manuel.html |제목=Manuel Noriega Biography |출판사=Notablebiographies.com |확인날짜=2012-04-20}}</ref>
* [[마오쩌둥]]<ref name=scmp20120420xiang/>
* [[마흐무드 압바스]]<ref>{{웹 인용 |url=http://media.nationalreview.com/post/?q=NmJlZWVjZjA4OGQ1MDY0YzQ5MzhhYmM3MTNhMDM2OGQ= |제목=Brazilians rally against Ahmadinejad – By Tom Gross – Media Blog – National Review Online |출판사=Media.nationalreview.com |날짜=2009-11-25 |확인날짜=2012-04-20 |보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130618023245/http://media.nationalreview.com/post/?q=NmJlZWVjZjA4OGQ1MDY0YzQ5MzhhYmM3MTNhMDM2OGQ=# |보존날짜=2013-06-18 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[무아마르 카다피]]<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=110008386 |제목=The Wall Street Journal Online – Featured Article |출판사=Opinionjournal.com |확인날짜=2012-04-20}}</ref>
* [[박정희]]<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/21/world/asia/park-geun-hye-nominated-for-south-korean-presidency.html?_r=1&|제목=Ex-Dictator’s Daughter Nominated for South Korean Presidency|출판사=''[[뉴욕 타임스|New York Times]]''|날짜=2012-08-20|확인날짜=8 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1994-01-20/news/mn-13512_1_south-korea|제목=Chung Il Kwon; Ex-South Korea Leader|출판사=''[[Los Angeles Times]]''|날짜=20 January 1994|확인날짜=2012-12-08}}</ref>
* [[블라디미르 푸틴]]<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/12/23/AR2007122302070.html |제목=Myth of the Strongman |웹사이트=The Washington Post |확인날짜=2012-04-20}}</ref>
* [[쇼와 천황]]
* [[시진핑]]
* [[아우구스토 피노체트]]<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://english.people.com.cn/200612/12/eng20061212_331372.html |제목=People's Daily Online – Pinochet, long-time strongman in Chile, dies at 91 |웹사이트=People's Daily  |확인날짜=2012-04-20}}</ref>
* [[오마르 알바시르]]<ref>{{웹 인용 |url=http://www.freedomhouse.org/article/freedom-house-condemns-sudanese-government%E2%80%99s-killing-12-during-protests |제목=Freedom House Condemns Sudanese Government’s Killing of 12 During Protests   |확인날짜=2012년 8월 23일 |보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120823205639/http://www.freedomhouse.org/article/freedom-house-condemns-sudanese-government%E2%80%99s-killing-12-during-protests |보존날짜=2012년 8월 23일 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[우고 차베스]]<ref>{{웹 인용|last=Delacour |first=Justin |url=http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=2796 |제목=The Op-Ed Assassination of Hugo Chávez |출판사=Fair.org |확인날짜=2012-04-20}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용 |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/08/17/wchavez117.xml |제목=Hugo Chavez to make himself president for life |출판사=Telegraph |확인날짜=2012-04-20 |archive-date=2007-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071115063101/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2007%2F08%2F17%2Fwchavez117.xml }}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용 |url=http://www.medialens.org/alerts/07/070613_chavez_and_rctv.php |제목=Media Alert: Chavez And Rctv – Tilting The Balance Against 'The Bad Guy' |출판사=Medialens.org |확인날짜=2012-04-20 |보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404160938/http://www.medialens.org/alerts/07/070613_chavez_and_rctv.php# |보존날짜=2012-04-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1282/is_6_55/ai_98954243 The Castro in Caracas: Venezuelan strongman Hugo Chavez, in Fidel's image | National Review | Find Articles at BNET.com]{{ {{웨이백|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1282/is_6_55/ai_98954243 |date=20090404021426 }}</ref>
* [[이사이아스 아페워르키]]<ref>{{웹 인용 |url=http://wadanka.com/English-News/6313.html |제목=wadanka - The bad boy of the Horn of Africa: How Eritrea’s strongman uses Kenya as a terror finance hub<!-- Bot generated title --> |확인날짜=2012-12-08 |보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120730223001/http://wadanka.com/English-News/6313.html |보존날짜=2012-07-30 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[이승만]]<ref>{{웹 인용|저자=1952-06-30|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,816518,00.html|제목=Strongman Syngman|웹사이트=TIME|날짜=1952-06-30|확인날짜=2012-04-20|archive-date=2013-07-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721160657/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,816518,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[이오시프 스탈린]]<ref>{{웹 인용 |저자=Monday, 2 Apr. 1956 |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,862066-2,00.html |제목=The Quick & the Dead |웹사이트=TIME |날짜=1956-04-02 |확인날짜=2012-04-20 |archive-date=2013-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130608131711/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,862066-2,00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[자이르 보우소나루]]
* [[페르디난드 마르코스]]<ref>[http://www.multied.com/bio/people/Marcos.html Ferdinand Marcos<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
* [[폴 카가메]]<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/3170451.stm |제목=World &#124; Africa &#124; Profile: Rwanda's strongman |출판사=BBC News |날짜=25 January 2007 |확인날짜=2012-04-20}}</ref>
* [[피델 카스트로]]<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/08/28/castro.clinton.obama/ |제목=Castro: Clinton-Obama ticket 'invincible' |출판사=CNN |날짜=2007-08-28 |확인날짜=2012-04-20}}</ref>
* [[페르베즈 무샤라프]]<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/cp/world/071105/w110548A.html CBC.ca]{{깨진 링크|날짜=2012-04}}</ref>
* [[호스니 무바라크]]<ref>{{웹 인용|last=Hardy |first=Roger |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12437147 |제목=Middle East after Hosni Mubarak: impact of a revolution |출판사=BBC |날짜=11 February 2011 |확인날짜=2012-04-20}}</ref>
* [[훈 센]]<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/85445.stm |제목=ASIA-PACIFIC &#124; Cambodia strongman gives election pledge |출판사=BBC News |날짜=1998-04-29 |확인날짜=2012-04-20}}</ref>
* [[아돌프 히틀러]]
* [[프란시스코 프랑코]]

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[보스정치]]
* [[종신 대통령]]
* [[최고 지도자]]
* [[군벌]]
== 각주 ==
{{각주|2}}

[[분류:독재]]
[[분류:정치 용어]]
[[분류:전체주의]]