{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 408767536
| ImageFileL1 = Niacin_structure.svg
| ImageFileL1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameL1 = Kekulé, skeletal formula of niacin
| ImageFileR1 = Niacin-3D-balls.png
| ImageFileR1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameR1 = Ball and stick model of niacin
| PIN = Pyridine-3-carboxylic acid<ref name=iupac2013>{{서적 인용| title = Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book) | publisher = [[Royal Society of Chemistry]] | date = 2014 | location = Cambridge | pages = 648–1047 | doi = 10.1039/9781849733069-00648 | isbn = 978-0-85404-182-4| chapter = Chapter P-6. Applications to Specific Classes of Compounds }}</ref>
| pronounce = {{IPAc-en|ˈ|n|aɪ|ə|s|ɪ|n}}
| OtherNames = {{ubl
 | Nicotinic acid ([[International nonproprietary name|INN]])
 | Bionic
 | Vitamin B<sub>3</sub>
 | Vitamin PP
 }}
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 59-67-6
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 938
| ChemSpiderID = 913
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| UNII = 2679MF687A
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| EINECS = 200-441-0
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00627
| KEGG = D00049
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG1_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG1 = C00253
| MeSHName = Niacin
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 15940
| ChEMBL = 573
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| IUPHAR_ligand = 1588
| RTECS = QT0525000

| Beilstein = 109591
| Gmelin = 3340
| 3DMet = B00073
| SMILES = OC(=O)c1cccnc1
| StdInChI = 1S/C6H5NO2/c8-6(9)5-2-1-3-7-4-5/h1-4H,(H,8,9)
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChI = 1/C6H5NO2/c8-6(9)5-2-1-3-7-4-5/h1-4H,(H,8,9)
| StdInChIKey = PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChIKey = PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYAA
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| C=6 | H=6 | N=2 | O=1
| Appearance = White, translucent crystals
| MeltingPtK = 510
| Density = 1.473 g cm<sup>−3</sup>
| Solubility = 18 g L<sup>−1</sup>
| LogP = 0.219
| pKa = 2.0, 4.85
| IsoelectricPt = 4.75
| RefractIndex = 1.4936
| Dipole = 0.1271305813 D
}}
| Section5 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = −344.9 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
| DeltaHc = −2.73083 MJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
}}
| Section6 = {{Chembox Pharmacology
| ATCCode_prefix = C04
| ATCCode_suffix = AC01
| ATC_Supplemental = {{ATC|C10|BA01}} {{ATC|C10|AD02}} {{ATC|C10|AD52}}
| Licence_EU=yes
| INN_EMA=Nicotinic acid
| AdminRoutes = Intramuscular, by mouth
| HalfLife = 20–45 min
}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS07}}
| GHSSignalWord = Warning
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|319}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|264|280|305+351+338|337+313|501}}
| NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-F = 1
| NFPA-R = 0
| FlashPtC = 193
| AutoignitionPtC = 365
}}
}}
{{Infobox drug
| drug_name         = 
| INN               = Nicotinic acid
| type              = <!-- empty -->
| image             = 
| width             = 
| alt               = 
| caption           = 
| USAN              = 
| INN_EMA           = Nicotinic acid

<!-- Clinical data -->
| pronounce         = 
| tradename         = Niacor, Niaspan, others
| Drugs.com         = {{drugs.com|monograph|niacin}}
| MedlinePlus       = a682518
| licence_CA        = <!-- Health Canada may use generic or brand name (generic name preferred) -->
| licence_EU        = yes
| DailyMedID        = Niacin
| licence_US        = <!-- FDA may use generic or brand name (generic name preferred) -->
| pregnancy_AU      = Exempt
| pregnancy_AU_comment =<ref name="Drugs.com pregnancy">{{웹 인용| title=Niacin Use During Pregnancy | website=Drugs.com | date=29 July 2019 | url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/niacin.html | access-date=4 May 2020}}</ref>
| pregnancy_US      = C
| pregnancy_US_comment =<ref name="Drugs.com pregnancy" />
| pregnancy_category= 
| dependency_liability = 
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| class             = 
| ATCvet            = 
| ATC_supplemental  =

<!-- Legal status -->
| legal_AU = <!-- S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled-->
| legal_AU_comment = 
| legal_BR =  <!-- OTC, A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, D1, D2, E, F-->
| legal_BR_comment = 
| legal_CA = <!-- OTC, Rx-only, Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII -->
| legal_CA_comment = 
| legal_DE = <!-- Anlage I, II, III or Unscheduled-->
| legal_DE_comment = 
| legal_NZ = <!-- Class A, B, C -->
| legal_NZ_comment = 
| legal_UK = <!-- GSL, P, POM, CD, CD Lic, CD POM, CD No Reg POM, CD (Benz) POM, CD (Anab) POM or CD Inv POM / Class A, B, C -->
| legal_UK_comment = 
| legal_US = OTC
| legal_US_comment = /&nbsp;Rx-only
| legal_UN = <!-- N I, II, III, IV / P I, II, III, IV-->
| legal_UN_comment = 
| legal_status      = <!-- For countries not listed above -->

<!-- Pharmacokinetic data -->
| bioavailability   = 
| protein_bound     = 
| metabolism        = 
| metabolites       = 
| onset             = 
| elimination_half-life = 
| duration_of_action = 
| excretion         =

<!-- Identifiers -->
| CAS_number_Ref    = 
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| PubChem           = 
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| IUPHAR_ligand     = 
| DrugBank_Ref      = 
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| UNII_Ref          = 
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| KEGG_Ref          = 
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| KEGG2_Ref         = 
| KEGG2             = 
| ChEBI_Ref         = 
| ChEBI             = 
| ChEMBL_Ref        = 
| ChEMBL            = 
| NIAID_ChemDB      = 
| PDB_ligand        = NIO
| synonyms          =

<!-- Chemical and physical data -->
| IUPAC_name        = 
| chemical_formula  = 
| molecular_weight  = 
| SMILES            = 
| Jmol              = 
| StdInChI          = 
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| sol_units         = 
| specific_rotation = 
}}

'''나이아신'''(niacin) 또는 '''니아신'''은 대표적인 [[비타민 B|비타민 B<sub>3</sub>]]로  언급되는 수용성 [[비타민]]이다. '''니코틴산'''(nicotinic acid)이라고도 한다. 그러나 한편 때때로 [[니코틴아마이드]]를 포함하는 보다 확장된 명칭으로 언급될수도 있다.

== 코엔자임 ==
나이아신(niacin)은 비타민, 즉 필수 영양소로 건강 보조 식품으로도 판매되고 있으며 미국에서는 나이아신이 주요하게 포함된 성분에서 처방약으로 판매되고 있다. 비타민으로서 [[코엔자임]](coenzymes)인 [[니코틴아미드 아데닌 디뉴클레오티드]](NAD,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)와 [[니코틴아미드 아데닌 디뉴클레오티드 포스페이트]](NADP,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)의 전구체이다. 이 화합물은 많은 수소 전달 과정에 참여하는 많은 탈수소 효소의 [[조효소]](코엔자임)이다. NAD는 지방, 탄수화물, 단백질 및 알코올의 이화작용 뿐만 아니라 세포 신호전달 및 DNA 복구에 중요하며 NADP는 주로 지방산 및 콜레스테롤 합성과 같은 동화작용 반응에서도 매우 중요하다.<ref name=PKIN2020Niacin/> 여러 국가에서 권장하는 다양한 경로에서 특히 자연적인 신선한 야채등의 형태에서 비타민으로서의 섭취 권장량은 하루 14-18mg의 섭취가 건강한 성인의 요구 사항을 충족하기에 충분하다는 점이다.<ref name="DRItext" /><ref name="EFSAtext" /><ref name=AusNZ /> 나이아신 또는 니코틴아미드(니아신아미드)는 비타민 결핍으로 인한 질병인 [[펠라그라]](pellagra)의 예방 및 치료에 사용된다.<ref name=Hegyi2004>{{저널 인용| vauthors = Hegyi J, Schwartz RA, Hegyi V | title = Pellagra: dermatitis, dementia, and diarrhea | journal = International Journal of Dermatology | volume = 43 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–5 | date = January 2004 | pmid = 14693013 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2004.01959.x | s2cid = 33877664 }}</ref><ref name=PKIN2020Niacin>{{서적 인용|vauthors=Penberthy WT, Kirkland JB |title = Present Knowledge in Nutrition, Eleventh Edition |chapter = Niacin |editor=BP Marriott |editor2=DF Birt |editor3=VA Stallings|editor4=AA Yates |publisher = Academic Press (Elsevier) |year=2020 |location = London, United Kingdom |pages = 209–24 |isbn=978-0-323-66162-1}}</ref> 니아신이 콜레스테롤과 중성지방 증가를 치료하는 약으로 사용되는 경우 일일 복용량은 500~3,000mg/day이다.[23][24] 고용량 니코틴아미드에는 이러한 의약 효과가 없다.<ref name=PKIN2020Niacin /><ref name="DRItext">{{서적 인용| last1= Institute of Medicine |title= Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline |chapter= Niacin |publisher = The National Academies Press |year=1998 |location = Washington, DC | pages=123–149 |chapter-url= https://www.nap.edu/read/6015/chapter/8 | access-date = 29 August 2018 |isbn = 978-0-309-06554-2}}</ref><ref name=AusNZ>{{웹 인용|url = http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/_files_nhmrc/file/publications/synopses/n35.pdf|title = Nutrient reference values for Australia and New Zealand|access-date = 19 June 2018|date = 9 September 2005|work = National Health and Medical Research Council|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170121003340/https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/_files_nhmrc/file/publications/synopses/n35.pdf|archive-date = 21 January 2017|url-status = dead}}</ref><ref name="EFSAtext">{{웹 인용| title = Overview on Dietary Reference Values for the EU population as derived by the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies| year = 2017| url = https://www.efsa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/assets/DRV_Summary_tables_jan_17.pdf}}</ref>

== 같이 보기 ==
{{위키공용분류}}
* [[니코틴]]
== 각주 ==
{{각주}}
*(MSD매뉴얼 - 니아신(니코틴산) Larry E. Johnson , MD, PhD, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences)https://www.msdmanuals.com/ko/%ED%99%88/%EC%98%81%EC%96%91-%EC%9E%A5%EC%95%A0/%EB%B9%84%ED%83%80%EB%AF%BC/%EB%8B%88%EC%95%84%EC%8B%A0 {{웨이백|url=https://www.msdmanuals.com/ko/%ED%99%88/%EC%98%81%EC%96%91-%EC%9E%A5%EC%95%A0/%EB%B9%84%ED%83%80%EB%AF%BC/%EB%8B%88%EC%95%84%EC%8B%A0 |date=20200703191307 }}

{{비타민}}

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:비타민 B 복합체]]
[[분류:GABAA 양성 알로스테릭 조절자]]
[[분류:방향족산]]
[[분류:애브비의 제품]]
[[분류:지질저하제]]
[[분류:GPER 작용제]]
[[분류:CYP2D6 억제제]]
[[분류:3-피리딜 화합물]]