{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:Frank tovey as fad gadget in paradiso 16 january 2002-1629195351.jpg|섬네일|패드 가제트의 모습]]
'''프랜시스 존 토비'''(1956년 9월 8일 ~ 2002년 4월 3일)은 영국의 [[아방가르드]] 전자 음악가이자 보컬리스트로 '''패드 가제트'''({{Llang|en|Fad Gadget}})라는 이름으로도 활동했었다. [[뉴 웨이브 (음악)|뉴 웨이브]]와 초기 [[인더스트리얼 음악]]을 탐구하며 팝 구조를 가진 노래에 기계와 관련한 실험을 곁들였다.

패드 가제트로서 드릴이나 전기 면도기와 같은 비음악적 도구를 신시사이저와 결합한 사운드를 만들어냈다. 가사는 음울하고 빈정대며 블랙 코미디스러운 느낌으로 기계, 산업화, 소비주의, 인간의 성정체성, 대중 매체, 종교, 가정 폭력과 같은 주제를 신랄하게 다루었다.

== 영향 ==
패드 가제트는 상업적으로는 성공하지 못했으나 [[신스팝]], [[일렉트로 (음악)|일렉트로]], [[인더스트리얼 음악]]의 선구자 중 한 명으로 거론된다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.popmatters.com/fad-gadget-best-of-review-2640291126.html|title=Synthpop Pioneer Fad Gadget's Music Is Finally Back in Release|author1=John Bergstrom|date=September 11, 2019|website=PopMatters|publisher=PopMatters Media, Inc.|access-date=21 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.politico.com/states/new-york/city-hall/story/2012/03/celebrating-the-life-and-work-of-frank-tovey-whose-band-fad-gadget-set-a-course-for-contemporary-pop-067223|title=Celebrating the life and work of Frank Tovey, whose band Fad Gadget set a course for contemporary pop|author1=Daphne Carr|date=March 2, 2012|website=Politico|publisher=Politico LLC|access-date=21 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/15/arts/frank-tovey-46-industrial-music-innovator.html|title=Frank Tovey, 46, Industrial-Music Innovator|author1=Neil Strauss|date=April 15, 2002|work=New York Times|access-date=21 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/fad-gadget-mn0000790078/biography|title=Fad Gadget|author1=Andy Kellman|website=Allmusic|publisher=AllMusic, Netaktion LLC.|access-date=21 December 2020|quote=While Fad Gadget's contemporaries included the likes of [[카바레 볼테르 (밴드)|Cabaret Voltaire]], the [[휴먼 리그|Human League]], [[와이어 (밴드)|Wire]], the Normal, and Soft Cell, Tovey and company's records never quite achieved the underground notoriety or the chart success enjoyed by his peers. Regardless of the level of recognition, Tovey's unique contribution to electronic music is undeniable, and so is his influence upon it. As the years go on, the recognition continues to gather steam.}}</ref> [[디페쉬 모드]],<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ElIPt9KNkBs|title=(Documentary) Fad Gadget by Frank Tovey|website=YouTube|publisher=Mute Films|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/ElIPt9KNkBs|archive-date=2021-12-22|url-status=live|access-date=1 December 2020|quote=Dave Gahan: "[Fad Gadget] definitely affected Depeche Mode in a big way and I'm sure you know hundreds of other bands.}}{{cbignore}}

{{웹 인용|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1182273/|title=Fad Gadget by Frank Tovey|date=2006|website=IMDB|publisher=Mute Films|access-date=1 December 2020}}</ref> [[이레이저 (음악 그룹)|이레이저]]의 [[빈스 클라크]],<ref>{{에피소드 인용|title=Synth Britannia (Part Two: Construction Time Again)|series=[[List of Britannia documentaries|Britannia]]|network=[[BBC Four]]|station=[[BBC|British Broadcasting Corporation]]|airdate=16 October 2009|minutes=4|quote=[Vince Clarke:] When I first started playing synthesizers it [my inspiration] would have been people like the Human League; Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark, their very first album; I was a big fan of Daniel Miller's work, as the Silicon Teens and as the Normal; and also of Fad Gadget.}}</ref> [[컬처 클럽]]의 [[보이 조지]],<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.nme.com/music-interviews/boy-george-interview-culture-club-life-2018-2400203|title=Culture Club's Boy George: The Original Gender-fluid Pop Icon Versus The Modern World|author1=Dan Stubbs|date=November 23, 2018|website=NME|publisher=NME|access-date=21 December 2020}}

{{웹 인용|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2014/jan/26/boy-george-soundtrack-of-my-life|title=Boy George: Soundtrack of My Life|author1=Corinne Jones|author2=Boy George|date=January 26, 2014|website=The Guardian|publisher=Guardian News & Media Limited|access-date=21 December 2020|quote=It wasn't enough to be a good musician, you had to have a good look too! It was around that point that I was discovering early Human League, bands like Cabaret Voltaire, I was already a massive fan of Fad Gadget, who, for me, was the king of electro – the unsung hero.}}</ref> 인포메이션 소사이어티,<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.alternativenation.net/90s-industrial-rock-not-aged-well/|title=Information Society: ’90’s Industrial Rock Has Not Aged Well’|author1=Greg Prato|date=May 6, 2016|website=Alternative Nation|publisher=Alternative Nation|access-date=22 March 2022|quote=Paul Robb: "‘Orders of Magnitude’ grew organically over the year that we worked on it. One thing we wanted to make sure of was that none of the tracks were obvious choices. Even “Don’t You Want Me” by the Human League we even thought might be a surprise, because it’s the song most associated with that group, so who would dare to cover it? Most of the songs on the album were originally performed by artists that were influences on our own work, sometimes musically, sometimes just with their approach to pop. Snakefinger, for instance, was a weirdo-guitar god, so in that sense, we weren’t hugely influenced by him musically, but his style and his association with the Ralph Records empire made him a hero to us. Devo, Fad Gadget, and Heaven 17 were huge heroes of ours. The other songs were mostly spur of the moment decisions, based on hazy and sometimes terrifying memories from our teen years and childhoods."}}</ref> 스키니 퍼피의 케빈 키,<ref>{{서적 인용|title=Keyboard Presents the Evolution of Electronic Dance Music|author1=Ernie Rideout|date=2011|publisher=Backbeat|isbn=9781617134470|quote=Interviewer: "Each of you brings a unique approach to sound design and composition within the EBM/industrial scene. Who are your biggest influences, musical or otherwise?" cEvin key: "Kraftwerk, Y.M.O., Human League, Fad Gadget, and Joy Division."}}</ref> [[라이어스]],<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2014/jul/03/cult-music-heroes-artists-unsung-idols|title=Cult music heroes: artists on their unsung idols|author1=Paul Lester|date=July 3, 2014|website=The Guardian|publisher=Guardian News and Media Limited|access-date=22 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.spin.com/2012/06/liars-break-down-electronic-influences-shaped-wixiw/|title=Liars Break Down the Electronic Influences That Shaped ‘WIXIW’|author1=Mike Rubin|date=June 15, 2012|website=SPIN|publisher=SPIN|access-date=22 March 2022|quote=Hemphill: "One thing that inspired us to use more electronic instruments was we played a Mute Records festival. We’ve always been aware of the history of Mute, but I think we really sort of wanted to be more a part of that. Mute put out a compilation called Mute Audio Documents and it’s a collection of all their singles from 1978 to 1984 and that was really inspiring. It has to do with the scope of music produced over that time and how certain people used electronics, be it Robert Rental or Thomas Leer or Fad Gadget, all of whom we’re big fans of. There’s an excerpt from an album that Boyd Rice did with Frank Tovey, who is Fad Gadget, called Easy Listening for the Hard of Hearing, I think it’s track 2, but it’s really beautiful, and they made it in the studio without any instruments apparently, just made it on the spot."}}</ref> 트와일라이트 새드,<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.thefourohfive.com/music/article/standing-on-our-own-the-405-meets-the-twilight-sad|title=Standing On Our Own // The 405 meets The Twilight Sad|author1=Danny Wright|date=February 10, 2012|website=The 405|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628015710/https://www.thefourohfive.com/music/article/standing-on-our-own-the-405-meets-the-twilight-sad|archive-date=28 June 2018|url-status=dead|access-date=22 March 2022|quote=So where has this style come from? It seems to have been influenced by many things, though two stand out. Firstly, the influence of guitarist and chief songwriter Andy MacFarlane: "He's been going back to listen to old records as he doesn't like a lot of new music. He's always listened to the bands that have influenced his writing on this album but I think these bands have came to the forefront, Siouxsie And The Banshees, Can, PiL, Fad Gadget, Cabaret Voltaire, Wire, Bauhaus, Magazine, D.A.F. etc."}}</ref> [[DJ 프리미어]],<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.thefader.com/2021/11/01/dj-premier-on-gang-starr-80s-synth-pop-and-biggies-comedic-side|title=DJ Premier on Gang Starr, ’80s synth pop, and Biggie’s comedic side|author1=The FADER|author2=Mark Ronson|date=November 1, 2021|website=Fader|publisher=The Fader, Inc|access-date=10 February 2022|ref=2021/11/01}}</ref> 수어사이드 커맨도 등이 가제트에 영향을 받았다고 밝혔다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/the-darker-side-of-music.661714|title=The Darker Side of Music - Ramona Depares interviews Johan Van Roy, frontman for EBM outfit Suicide Commando, ahead of the band's performance in Malta.|author1=Ramona Depares|date=October 29, 2017|website=Times of Malta|publisher=Times of Malta|access-date=21 December 2020|quote=Johan Van Roy: "I actually grew up with the new and cold wave movement in the early 1980s, with bands like The Cure, Joy Division and Sisters of Mercy. Until one day I discovered bands like Depeche Mode, Front 242, Fad Gadget and Klinik. It is obvious that all these bands in some way influenced me and my music; undoubtedly, even the cold atmosphere of new wave bands like The Cure or Joy Division had an impact on me, not only as a human being but also on my music."}}</ref> [[레드 핫 칠리 페퍼스]]의 [[존 프루시안테]]는 자신이 좋아하는 음반 40장 중 하나로 가제트의 《Under the Flag》를 뽑았다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/red-hot-chili-peppers-john-frusciante-40-favourite-albums-playlist/|title=From Jimi Hendrix to Frank Zappa: John Frusciante's 40 favourite albums of all time|author1=Far Out Staff|date=December 4, 2020|website=Far Out|publisher=Far Out Magazine|access-date=21 December 2020}}</ref>

== 디스코그래피 ==
'''정규 음반'''

* ''Fireside Favourites'' (1980)
* ''Incontinent'' (1981)
* ''Under the Flag'' (1982)
* ''Gag'' (1984)

'''프랭크 토비 명의'''

* ''Easy Listening for the Hard of Hearing'' (1984)
* ''Snakes & Ladders'' (1986)
* ''Civilian'' (1988)
* ''Tyranny and the Hired Hand'' (1989)
* ''Grand Union'' (1991)
* ''Worried Men in Second-Hand Suits'' (1992)

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}
{{전거 통제}}
[[분류:1956년 출생]]
[[분류:2002년 사망]]
[[분류:런던 출신 음악가]]
[[분류:인더스트리얼 음악가]]
[[분류:리즈 베켓 대학교 동문]]
[[분류:리즈 출신]]