{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:HeathensColdReading.JPG|섬네일]]
'''콜드 리딩'''({{lang|en|cold reading}})은 [[유심론|유심론자]], [[초자연|초능력자]], [[운세|점쟁이]], [[영매]], [[일루셔니스트]](독자), [[신용 사기|사기꾼]]들이 사용하는 기법들의 모임으로, 독자가 알고 있는 것보다 해당 사람에 대해 더 많이 알고 있음을 암시하기 위해 사용한다.<ref name="Dutton1988">{{저널 인용 | last = Dutton | first = Denis | authorlink = Denis Dutton | year = 1988 | title = The cold reading technique | journal = Experientia | volume = 44 | issue = 4 | pages = 326–32 | url = http://www.denisdutton.com/cold_reading.htm | accessdate = June 30, 2009 | doi = 10.1007/BF01961271 | pmid = 3360083 | archive-date = 2020-01-14 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200114055246/http://www.denisdutton.com/cold_reading.htm | url-status = dead }}</ref> 사전 지식 없이 훈련된 콜드리더(cold-reader)는 사람의 [[신체 언어]], [[노화|나이]], [[옷]], [[패션]], [[머리 모양]], [[사회적 성]], [[성적 지향]], [[종교]], 인종, [[민족]], [[교육 수준]], 말하는 방식, 장소 등 빠르게 상당한 정보를 터득할 수 있다. 콜드 리딩은 일반적으로 높은 확률의 추측을 활용하며 추측이 올바른 방향으로 흘러가는지 아닌지에 대한 신호를 빠르게 파악한다. 심리학자들은 [[포러 효과]], 그리고 사람들 속의 [[확증 편향]]으로 인해 이것이 동작한다고 믿는다.<ref>Forer, BR (1949) [http://apsychoserver.psych.arizona.edu/JJBAReprints/PSYC621/Forer_The%20fallacy%20of%20personal%20validation_1949.pdf "The fallacy of personal validation: A classroom demonstration of gullibility"]. ''Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology''. 44, 118–23</ref>

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[아우라 (에너지)]]
* [[확증 편향]]
* [[포러 효과]]
* [[유심론]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 참고 문헌 ==
# Austin Cline ''What is Cold Reading?'' Skeptical Perspectives
# Hyman, Ray. ''Guide to Cold Reading''
# Colin Hunter. ''Cold Reading: Confessions of a "Psychic"''
# Denis Dutton ''The Cold Reading Technique''
# Dickson, D.H., & Kelly, I.W. "The 'Barnum effect' in personality assessment: A review of the literature," ''Psychological Reports'', 57, 367–82, (1985).
# Stagnaro, Angelo. ''Something from Nothing''. Manipulix Books. 2002.
# Stagnaro, Angelo. ''The Other Side''. Manipulix Books. 2005.
# Shermer, Michael. (2001). "Deconstructing The Dead: Cross Over One Last Time To Expose Medium John Edward," ''Scientific American'', Aug. 1.
# Hyman, Ray. "'Cold Reading': How to Convince Strangers That You Know All About Them," ''The Skeptical Inquirer'' Spring/Summer 1977.
# Hyman, Ray. ''The Elusive Quarry : A Scientific Appraisal of Psychical Research'' (Prometheus Books, 1989).
# Keene, M. Lamar. The Psychic Mafia (Prometheus, 1997).
# Randi, James. ''Flim-Flam!'' (Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books,1982).

== 외부 링크 ==
* [http://www.skepdic.com/coldread.html Cold Reading] – [[:en:Skeptic's Dictionary]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060927232229/http://www.skepticfriends.org/forum/showquestion.asp?faq=6&fldAuto=198 Cold Reading] – Skeptic Friends Network
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061111120635/http://www.theness.com/articles.asp?id=61 Cold Reading: The Psychic's True Power (archived version)] – [[:en:New England Skeptical Society|Robert Novella]]
* [http://www.denisdutton.com/cold_reading.htm The Cold Reading Technique] {{웨이백|url=http://www.denisdutton.com/cold_reading.htm |date=20200114055246 }} – [[:en:Denis Dutton]]
* [http://www.skepdic.com/forer.html Forer Effect] – [[:en:Skeptic's Dictionary]]
* [http://www.straightdope.com/mailbag/mcoldreading.html How come TV psychics seem so convincing?] {{웨이백|url=http://www.straightdope.com/mailbag/mcoldreading.html |date=20080513020404 }} – [[:en:Straight Dope|The Straight Dope]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090130090210/http://www.tonyyouens.com/sophistry.htm Psychic sophistry] – Tony Youens
* [http://skepdic.com/shotgun.html Shotgunning] – [[:en:Skeptic's Dictionary]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040610201928/http://www.lynnekelly.com.au/skeptics_guide.html The Skeptic's Guide To The Paranormal] – Lynne Kelly
* [http://www.skeptic.com/junior_skeptic/issue33/ Junior Skeptic Magazine] – [[:en:Daniel Loxton]] Junior [[:en:Skeptic (U.S. magazine)|Skeptic]] on cold-reading
* [http://coldreadingworld.com/what-is-cold-reading/ What is Cold Reading?] {{웨이백|url=http://coldreadingworld.com/what-is-cold-reading/ |date=20190514044027 }} – A simple explanation of cold reading and how it's done
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-vIaXyQoLH8 Psychic Methods Exposed — Cold Reading Tricks]

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[[분류:유심론]]
[[분류:초심리학]]