{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:Geheimnis der Weihnacht3.tiff|섬네일|스물네 번째 문 뒤에 성탄 장면이, 스물다섯 번째 문 뒤에는 목자들의 경배가 그려진 재림절 달력. 재림절인 네 일요일마다 문이 하나씩 더 달려있다.]]
'''재림절 달력''', '''대림절 달력''', '''강림절 달력'''은 [[성탄절]]을 앞두고 [[대림절]] 날짜를 세는 데 사용된다.<ref name="Penney1999">{{서적 인용|title=Christianity|last=Penney|first=Sue|year=1999|publisher=Heinemann|page=38|language=en|isbn=9780435304775|quote=In Advent, Christians use special candles and calendars. Advent candles have marks to show the days until Christmas. The candle is lit each day until it burns down to the next mark. Advent calendars have little doors to open, one for each day. Behind each door is a picture. Candles and calendars like this help to remind people that Christmas is coming closer.}}</ref> 대림절 첫 번째 일요일의 날짜는 11월 27일부터 12월 3일까지 다양하므로 종이나 나무로 만든 재사용 가능한 재림절 달력의 대부분은 12월 1일에 시작된다. 대림절 첫 번째 일요일부터 시작하는 달력도 있다.<ref name="ACNS2016">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.anglicannews.org/news/2016/11/online-advent-calendar-created-by-the-world.aspx|title=Online Advent calendar created by the world|date=November 17, 2016|publisher=Anglican Communion News Service|language=en|access-date=December 8, 2016|quote=] Christians across the world are being invited to celebrate the season of Advent through an interactive, multi-lingual online calendar. The website adventword.org goes live on Advent Sunday (27 November) in nine languages including, for the first time, Arabic. It allows people around the globe to create together an advent calendar with images shared by their mobile phones. Advent, which runs from Sunday 27 November to Christmas Eve, is the season when Christians prepare to celebrate the birth of Jesus. It is traditionally marked with the putting up of an Advent calendar to count down the days. The calendars have daily windows which are opened to reveal images, small chocolates or other gifts.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220082343/http://www.anglicannews.org/news/2016/11/online-advent-calendar-created-by-the-world.aspx|archive-date=December 20, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CI2014">{{뉴스 인용|url=http://www.catholicireland.net/advent-calendar/|title=Primate launches online calendar for Advent|last=Mac Donald|first=Sarah|newspaper=Catholicireland.net |date=November 26, 2014|publisher=Catholic Ireland|language=en|access-date=December 8, 2016|quote=The Primate of All Ireland, Archbishop Eamon Martin, on Tuesday launched a specially commissioned 2014 Advent calendar to coincide with the beginning of Advent on Sunday 30 November. The online calendar can be found on the Irish Catholic bishops' website www.catholicbishops.ie. This year's calendar also incorporates a new feature in the form of an audio 'Thought for Today'. In a statement, the Archbishop said "Each day of Advent amounts to a period of time which allows us to journey and reflect on 'the joy of the Gospel." “As Advent is the season of preparation for the coming of our Lord, I encourage the faithful, notwithstanding our hectic schedule over the coming weeks, to make time to pray – alone and with loved ones – and by so doing to draw nearer to Christ," Archbishop Martin encouraged. The first door on the Advent Calendar will open on Sunday next 30 November and each subsequent day after that.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160426172716/http://www.catholicireland.net/advent-calendar/|archive-date=April 26, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>

재림절 달력은 19세기와 20세기에 독일 [[루터교회]]에서 처음 사용되었으며, 이후 다른 [[기독교의 교파]]로 퍼졌다.<ref name="Mills2010">{{서적 인용|title=The Twelve Blessings of Christmas|last=Mills|first=T.J.|date=May 10, 2010|publisher=Thomas Nelson Inc.|page=54|isbn=9780529124319|quote=The Advent calendar was first used by Lutherans in the early 19th century. Early printed Advent calendars had Bible verses behind little cardboard doors.}}</ref><ref name="GassmannLarson2001">{{서적 인용|title=Historical Dictionary of Lutheranism|last1=Gassmann|first1=Günther|last2=Larson|first2=Duane H.|date=April 4, 2001|publisher=Scarecrow Press|page=87|isbn=9780810866201|quote=The periods of Advent and Christmas have been especially dear to Lutherans and have provided ground for the creation and observation of customs: the rich tradition of hymn singing and church music, the Advent wreath as a sign of Christ's victory, the Advent calendar with its "windows," candles symbolizing new light in darkness, the varieties of Advent and Christmas cookies (gingerbread, fruit loaf, and so on) with several spices (originally seven, the holy number), the Christmas tree with glittering decoration and self-made figures and symbols as a reminder of the gold and treasures that the three wise men brought to the Christ Child, the cribs and tableaus within and out front of the churches and houses, and the greeting of Christmas morning by hymns and carols blown by trumpets and trombones from church towers.|last3=Oldenburg|first3=Mark W.}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://faithlutheranreno.org/advent-christmas/|title=The Season of Advent: Hope, Love, Joy, and Peace|publisher=Faith Lutheran Church|location=[[Reno, Nevada|Reno]]|language=English|access-date=9 December 2021|quote=The Advent calendar is used to count the days of Advent in anticipation of Christmas. The Advent calendar was first used by German Lutherans in the 19th and 20th centuries but is now widely used among many Christian denominations .}}</ref><ref name="McLaughlan2012">{{서적 인용|title=The Top 40 Traditions of Christmas: The Story Behind the Nativity, Candy Canes, Caroling, and All Things Christmas|last1=McLaughlan|first1=David|date=1 September 2012|publisher=Barbour Publishing|language=English|isbn=978-1-62029-108-5|quote=Like many other Christmas traditions, the Advent calendar was a German invention. It is thought to have originated among Lutheran communities and spread to other churches in the area}}</ref>

== 디자인과 용도 ==
전통적인 재림절 달력에는 [[구유 장면]], [[성 니콜라오스]], 겨울 날씨가 등장하며, 스포츠부터 기술까지 다양한 주제의 달력도 있다.<ref name="MacBeth2014">{{서적 인용|title=The Season of the Nativity|last=MacBeth|first=Sybil|date=November 1, 2014|publisher=Paraclete Press|page=50|language=en|isbn=9781612616131|quote=The variety of Advent calendars is endless, and they are available online, in bookstores, and even in some grocery stores. The "old-fashioned," meaning twentieth-century and earlier versions, are made of paper and often include pictures of Santa Claus, the manger, or winter weather. Most calendars have twenty-four little paper doors; behind each is a picture or a Bible passage.}}</ref> 각 날짜를 덮는 플랩이 있는 단순한 종이 달력부터 배경 장면에 패브릭 주머니가 있는 달력, 작은 물건을 넣을 수 있는 구멍이 있는 페인트 칠한 나무 상자까지 다양한 형태가 있다.

많은 대림절 달력이 크리스마스 이브(12월 24일) 또는 성탄절(12월 25일)을 포함한 12월의 각 날짜마다 "문"이 하나씩 달려있는 커다란 직사각형 카드 형태를 취한다. 해당 연도의 재림절 시즌이 시작되는 날 또는 재사용 가능한 재림절 달력의 경우처럼 12월 1일에 시작하여 크리스마스까지 매일 연속된 문이 열린다.<ref name="ACNS2016"/><ref name="CI2014"/>

대개 문은 특별한 순서 없이 달력 전체에 분포되어 있다. 달력의 문을 열면 그림이나 시, 이야기(예: [[예수의 강탄|예수 탄생]] 이야기)의 일부 또는 장난감이나 초콜릿과 같은 작은 선물이 보인다. 보통 각 문에는 성경 구절과 [[기독교의 기도|기독교 기도문]]이 인쇄되어 있는데, 기독교인들은 이를 매일 재림절 경건의 일부로 활용한다.<ref name="Mills2010"/><ref name="Black2004">{{서적 인용|title=Welcome to the Church Year: An Introduction to the Seasons of the Episcopal Church|last=Black|first=Vicki K.|date=January 9, 2004|publisher=Church Publishing, Inc.|page=17|isbn=9780819225757|quote=The Advent Calendar: Another way to mark the progress of Advent is the Advent calendar. Again, many children enjoy this hands-on way of keeping Advent, and families can incorporate prayers and brief Scripture readings or nativity stores into the daily ritual of opening the Advent calendar.}}</ref>

재림절 달력에는 다양한 종류가 있으며, 일부 유럽 마을에서는 건물에 재림절 달력을 만들거나 재림절 날짜마다 다른 창문을 장식하는 이른바 '살아있는' 재림절 달력을 만들기도 한다.<ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-south-east-wales-38203933|title=Penarth neighbours create 'living' advent calendar|date=December 5, 2016|work=BBC News}}</ref>

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* {{뉴스 인용|url= https://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2012/11/2012-hubble-space-telescope-advent-calendar/100415/ |series= In Focus |last= Taylor |first= Alan |title= 2012 Hubble Space Telescope Advent Calendar |publisher= [[The Atlantic]] |date= November 30, 2012 }}
* {{뉴스 인용|url= https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2018/12/2018-hubble-space-telescope-advent-calendar/577129/ |series= In Focus |last= Taylor |first= Alan |title= 2018 Hubble Space Telescope Advent Calendar |publisher= [[The Atlantic]] |date= December 1, 2018 }}

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:독일의 크리스마스]]
[[분류:독일의 발명품]]
[[분류:초콜릿]]
[[분류:역법]]