{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{보험}}
'''보험계리학'''(actuarial science)은 [[보험]], [[연금]], [[금융]], [[투자]] 및 기타 산업과 직업의 [[리스크 평가제도|리스크를 평가]]하기 위해 수학적, 통계적 방법을 적용하는 학문이다. 보다 일반적으로 보험계리사는 불확실성과 기대 수명 문제를 모델링하기 위해 엄격한 수학을 적용한다.

[[보험계리인|보험계리사]]는 이 분야에 대한 훈련을 받은 전문가이다. 많은 국가에서 보험계리사는 확률 및 예측 분석과 같은 분야에 초점을 맞춘 일련의 엄격한 전문 시험을 통과하여 자신의 역량을 입증해야 한다.

보험계리 과학에는 수학, 확률 이론, 통계, 금융, [[경제학|경제]], [[재무회계]], [[컴퓨터 과학]] 등 상호 관련된 여러 과목이 포함된다. 역사적으로 보험계리 과학은 테이블과 보험료 구성에 결정론적 모델을 사용했다. 1980년대 이후 고속 컴퓨터의 확산과 확률론적 보험계리 모델과 현대 금융이론의 결합으로 과학은 혁명적인 변화를 겪었다.

많은 대학에는 보험계리학 학사 및 대학원 학위 프로그램이 있다. 2010년에 구직 웹사이트 커리어캐스트(CareerCast)가 발표한 연구에서는 보험계리사를 미국 내 1위 직업으로 선정했다. 이 연구에서는 직업 순위를 매기는 데 환경, 소득, 고용 전망, 신체적 요구, 스트레스 등 5가지 주요 기준을 사용했다. 2023년 [[U.S. 뉴스 & 월드 리포트]]는 보험계리사를 비즈니스 부문에서 8번째로 좋은 직업, [[STEM 교육|STEM]]에서 13번째로 좋은 직업으로 선정했다.

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[흑고니 이론]]
* [[데이터 마이닝]]

== 출처 ==
{{참고 자료 시작|22em}}
<!-- A -->
<!-- B -->
*{{저널 인용
 |last=Bühlmann
 |first=Hans
 |date=November 1997
 |title=The Actuary: the Role and Limitations of the Profession Since the Mid-19th Century
 |journal=ASTIN Bulletin
 |volume=27
 |issue=2
 |pages=165–171
 |url=http://www.casact.org/library/astin/vol27no2/165.pdf
 |access-date=2006-06-28
 |doi=10.2143/ast.27.2.542046
 |issn=0515-0361
|doi-access=free
 }}
<!-- C -->
*{{웹 인용
 |date=February 9, 2004
 |url=http://www.chbrp.org/documents/hearingaids174final.pdf
 |title=Analysis of Senate Bill 174: Hearing Aids for Children
 |publisher=California Health Benefits Review Program
 |version=Revised November 19, 2004
 |access-date=2006-06-28
 |ref={{harvid|CHBRP|2004}}
 |archive-date=February 4, 2006
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060204154540/http://www.chbrp.org/documents/hearingaids174final.pdf
 |url-status=dead
 }}
<!-- D -->
*{{저널 인용
 |last=D'Arcy
 |first=Stephen P.
 |date=May 1989
 |title=On Becoming An Actuary of the Third Kind
 |journal=Proceedings of the Casualty Actuarial Society
 |volume=LXXVI
 |issue=145
 |pages=45–76
 |url=http://www.casact.org/pubs/proceed/proceed89/89045.pdf
 |access-date=2006-06-28
}}
<!-- E -->
*{{뉴스 인용
 |url=http://www.economist.com/finance/displayStory.cfm?story_id=5436947
 |title=When the Spinning Stops: Can Actuaries Help to Sort out the Mess in Corporate Pensions?
 |access-date=2006-04-10
 |newspaper=The Economist
 |ref={{harvid|Economist|2006}}
|date=2006-01-26
}}
<!-- F -->
*{{서적 인용
 |last=Feldblum
 |first=Sholom
 |editor=Robert F. Lowe
 |title=Foundations of Casualty Actuarial Science
 |orig-year=1990
 |edition=4th
 |year=2001
 |publisher=[[Casualty Actuarial Society]]
 |location=[[Arlington County, Virginia]]
 |isbn=0-9624762-2-6
 |chapter=Introduction
 |lccn=2001088378
}}
*{{웹 인용
 |date=2004-01-13
 |url=http://www.actuaries.org.uk/knowledge/actuarial_history/history_of_profession
 |title=History of the actuarial profession
 |publisher=Faculty and Institute of Actuaries
 |access-date=2010-09-26
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080404072019/http://www.actuaries.org.uk/knowledge/actuarial_history/history_of_profession
 |archive-date=2008-04-04
 |ref={{harvid|Faculty and Institute of Actuaries|2004}}
}}
*{{저널 인용
 |last        = Frees
 |first       = Edward W.
 |date        = January 1990
 |title       = Stochastic Life Contingencies with Solvency Considerations
 |journal     = Transactions of the Society of Actuaries
 |volume      = XLII
 |pages       = 91–148
 |url         = http://library.soa.org/library/tsa/1990-95/TSA90V427.pdf
 |access-date  = 2006-06-28
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20060103161211/http://library.soa.org/library/tsa/1990-95/TSA90V427.pdf
 |archive-date = 2006-01-03
 |url-status     = dead
}}
<!-- G -->
<!-- H -->
*{{저널 인용
 |last=Halley
 |first=Edmond
 |author-link=Edmond Halley
 |year=1693
 |title=An Estimate of the Degrees of the Mortality of Mankind, Drawn from Curious Tables of the Births and Funerals at the City of Breslaw; with an Attempt to Ascertain the Price of Annuities Upon Lives
 |journal=[[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society|Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London]]
 |volume=17
 |pages=596–610
 |url=http://www.york.ac.uk/depts/maths/histstat/halley.pdf
 |access-date=2006-06-21
 |doi=10.1098/rstl.1693.0007
 |issn=0260-7085
 |issue=192–206
|s2cid=186214203
 |doi-access=free
 }}
*{{저널 인용
 |last         = Harcourt
 |first        = Bernard E.
 |authorlink   = Bernard Harcourt
 |year         = 2003
 |title        = The Shaping of Chance: Actuarial Models and Criminal Profiling at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century
 |journal      = University of Chicago Law Review
 |volume       = 70
 |issue        = 105
 |pages        = 105–128
 |doi          = 10.2307/1600548
 |url          = https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/uclrev/vol70/iss1/8/
 |format       = PDF
 |access-date   = 2018-10-02
 |jstor        = 1600548
 |publisher    = The University of Chicago Law Review, Vol. 70, No. 1
 |issn         = 0041-9494
}}
*{{백과사전 인용
 |url=http://www.wiley.co.uk/eoas/pdfs/TAH012-.pdf
 |title=History of Actuarial Profession
 |access-date=2006-06-28
 |last=Hickman
 |first=James
 |year=2004
 |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Actuarial Science
 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
 |page=4
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060724173339/http://www.wiley.co.uk/eoas/pdfs/TAH012-.pdf
 |archive-date=2006-07-24
 |url-status=dead
}}
*{{저널 인용
 |last=Hsiao
 |first=William C.
 |date=August 2001
 |title=Commentary: Behind the Ideology and Theory: What Is the Empirical Evidence for Medical Savings Accounts?
 |journal=Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law
 |volume=26
 |issue=4
 |pages=733–737
 |doi=10.1215/03616878-26-4-733
 |url=http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/phcf/Papers/Ideology%20and%20theory%20-%20Hsiao.pdf
 |access-date=2006-07-01
 |pmid=11523960
 |s2cid=37841066
}}
*{{웹 인용
 |url=http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/faculty/WilliamHsiao.html
 |title=Harvard School of Public Health
 |access-date=2010-09-27
 |last=Hsiao
 |first=William C
 |year=2004
 |format=PDF
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070327231215/http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/faculty/WilliamHsiao.html
 |archive-date=2007-03-27
}}
<!-- I -->
<!-- J -->
*{{서적 인용
 |last=Johnston
 |first=Harold Whetstone
 |author-link=Harold Whetstone Johnston
 |others=Revised by Mary Johnston
 |title=The Private Life of the Romans
 |orig-year=1903
 |url=http://www.forumromanum.org/life/johnston.html
 |access-date=2006-06-26
 |year=1932
 |publisher=Scott, Foresman and Company
 |location=Chicago, Atlanta
 |pages=§475–§476
 |chapter=Burial Places and Funeral Ceremonies
 |chapter-url=http://www.forumromanum.org/life/johnston_14.html
 |quote=<small>Early in the Empire, associations were formed for the purpose of meeting the funeral expenses of their members, whether the remains were to be buried or cremated, or for the purpose of building columbāria, or for both....If the members had provided places for the disposal of their bodies after death, they now provided for the necessary funeral expenses by paying into the common fund weekly a small fixed sum, easily within the reach of the poorest of them. When a member died, a stated sum was drawn from the treasury for his funeral....If the purpose of the society was the building of a columbārium, the cost was first determined and the sum total divided into what we should call shares (sortēs virīlēs), each member taking as many as he could afford and paying their value into the treasury.</small>
 |lccn=32007692
}}
<!-- K -->
<!-- L -->
*{{웹 인용
| last = Lewin
| first = Chris
| date = June 14, 2007
| title = Actuarial History
| publisher = [[Institute and Faculty of Actuaries]]
| access-date = February 27, 2012
| url = http://www.actuaries.org.uk/research-and-resources/documents/overview-actuarial-history-slides-notes
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111020010331/http://www.actuaries.org.uk/research-and-resources/documents/overview-actuarial-history-slides-notes
| archive-date = October 20, 2011
| url-status = dead
}}
*{{저널 인용
 |last=Loan
 |first=Albert
 |date=Winter 1992
 |title=Institutional Bases of the Spontaneous Order: Surety and Assurance
 |journal=Humane Studies Review
 |volume=7
 |issue=1
 |url=http://mason.gmu.edu/~ihs/w91essay.html
 |access-date=2006-06-26
 |page=538
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060614101416/http://mason.gmu.edu/~ihs/w91essay.html
 |archive-date=2006-06-14
 |url-status=dead
 }}
<!-- M -->
*{{저널 인용
 |last=MacGinnitie
 |first=James
 |date=November 1980
 |title=The Actuary and his Profession: Growth, Development, Promise
 |journal=Proceedings of the Casualty Actuarial Society
 |volume=LXVII
 |issue=127
 |pages=49–56
 |url=http://www.casualtyactuarialsociety.com/pubs/proceed/proceed80/80049.pdf
 |access-date=2006-06-28
 |archive-date=2006-07-21
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060721021921/http://www.casualtyactuarialsociety.com/pubs/proceed/proceed80/80049.pdf
 |url-status=dead
 }}
*{{저널 인용
 |last=Michelbacher
 |first=Gustav F.
 |year=1920
 |title=The Technique of Rate Making as Illustrated by the 1920 National Revision of Workmen's Compensations Insurance Rates
 |journal=Proceedings of the Casualty Actuarial Society
 |volume=VI
 |issue=14
 |pages=201–249
 |url=http://www.casact.org/pubs/proceed/proceed19/19201.pdf
 |access-date=2006-06-28
}}
*{{저널 인용
 |url=http://www.contingencies.org/julaug06/actuarys_new_clothes_0706.asp
 |title=The Actuary's New Clothes, A Canadian Perspective on the Financial Economics Debate
 |access-date=2006-06-28
 |last=Moriarty
 |first=Charlene
 |journal=American Academy of Actuaries, Contingencies Jul/Aug
 |year=2006
 |format=PDF
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060923141536/http://www.contingencies.org/julaug06/actuarys_new_clothes_0706.asp
 |archive-date=2006-09-23
 |url-status=dead
 }}
<!-- N -->
*{{웹 인용
 |last=Needleman
 |first=Sarah E.
 |date=January 5, 2010
 |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703580904574638321841284190
 |title=The Best and Worst Jobs
 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]
 |access-date=2010-01-07
}}
*{{웹 인용
 |last1=Nieto
 |first1=Marcus
 |last2=David
 |first2=Jung
 |title=The Impact of Residency Restrictions on Sex Offenders and Correctional Management Practices: A Literature Review
 |publisher=California Research Bureau, [[California State Library]]
 |date=August 2006
 |url=http://www.library.ca.gov/crb/06/08/06-008.pdf
 |access-date=2006-09-18
 |ref={{harvid|Nieto|Jung|2006}}
 |archive-date=2006-09-23
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060923095610/http://www.library.ca.gov/crb/06/08/06-008.pdf
 |url-status=dead
 }}
<!-- O -->
*{{저널 인용
 |last=Ogborn
 |first=M.E.
 |date=December 1956
 |title=The Professional Name of Actuary
 |journal=Journal of the Institute of Actuaries
 |volume=82
 |issue=2
 |pages=233–246
 |url=http://www.actuaries.org.uk/sites/all/files/documents/pdf/0233-0246.pdf
 |access-date=April 27, 2011
 |publisher=Faculty and Institute of Actuaries
 |url-status=dead
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320062211/http://www.actuaries.org.uk/sites/all/files/documents/pdf/0233-0246.pdf
 |archive-date=March 20, 2012
|doi=10.1017/S0020268100046424
 }}
<!-- P -->
*{{서적 인용
 |last=Perkins
 |first=Judith
 |title=The Suffering Self; Pain and Narrative Representation in the Early Christian Era
 |date=August 25, 1995
 |publisher=[[Routledge]]
 |location=London
 |isbn=0-415-11363-6
 |lccn=94042650
|ref=none
}}
<!-- Q -->
<!-- R -->
<!-- S -->
*{{저널 인용
 |last1=Silver
 |first1=Eric
 |last2=Chow-Martin
 |first2=Lynette
 |date=October 2002
 |title=A Multiple Models Approach To Assessing Recidivism Risk: Implications for Judicial Decision Making
 |journal=Criminal Justice and Behavior
 |volume=29
 |issue=5
 |pages=538–568
 |doi=10.1177/009385402236732
 |s2cid=144800554
 |issn=0093-8548
}}
*{{서적 인용
 |last=Slud
 |first=Eric V.
 |title=Actuarial Mathematics and Life-Table Statistics
 |orig-year=2001
 |url=https://www.math.umd.edu/~evs/s470/BookChaps/01Book.pdf
 |access-date=2006-06-28
 |year=2006
 |pages=149–150
 |chapter=6: Commutation Functions, Reserves & Select Mortality
 |chapter-url=https://www.math.umd.edu/~evs/s470/BookChaps/Chp6.pdf
 |quote=<small>The Commutation Functions are a computational device to ensure that net single premiums...can all be obtained from a single table lookup. Historically, this idea has been very important in saving calculational labor when arriving at premium quotes. Even now...company employees without quantitative training could calculate premiums in a spreadsheet format with the aid of a life table.</small>
}}
<!-- T -->
*{{서적 인용
 |last=Thucydides
 |author-link=Thucydides
 |others=Translated by [[Richard Crawley]]
 |title=History of the Peloponnesian War
 |url=http://classics.mit.edu/Thucydides/pelopwar.html
 |access-date=2006-06-27
 |year=1994–2009
 |orig-year=c. 431 BCE
 |location=[[Greece]]
 |chapter=VI&nbsp;– Funeral Oration of Pericles
 |chapter-url=http://classics.mit.edu/Thucydides/pelopwar.2.second.html
 |quote=<small>My task is now finished....those who are here interred have received part of their honours already, and for the rest, their children will be brought up till manhood at the public expense: the state thus offers a valuable prize, as the garland of victory in this race of valour, for the reward both of those who have fallen and their survivors.</small>
 |ref={{harvid|Thucydides}}
}}
*{{뉴스 인용
 |first=Vinnee
 |last=Tong
 |url=http://www.suntimes.com/output/news/cst-nws-phil19.html
 |title=Americans' donations to charity near record
 |work=[[Chicago Sun-Times]]
 |publisher=Digital Chicago Inc.
 |date=June 19, 2006
 |access-date=2006-06-21
|ref=none
}}
<!-- U -->
*{{웹 인용
 |last=
 |first=
 |year=2023
 |url=https://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/actuary
 |title=Actuary Overview
 |work=[[U.S. News & World Report]]
 |access-date=2024-01-05
 |archive-url=
 |archive-date=
 |ref={{harvid|U.S. News & World Report|2023}}
}}
<!-- V -->
<!-- W -->
*{{뉴스 인용
 |first=Shane
 |last=Whelan
 |url=http://www.the-actuary.org.uk/pdfs/02_12_08.pdf
 |title=Actuaries' contributions to financial economics
 |work=The Actuary
 |publisher=Staple Inn Actuarial Society
 |pages=34–35
 |date=December 2002
 |access-date=2006-06-28
 |url-status=dead
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060724173342/http://www.the-actuary.org.uk/pdfs/02_12_08.pdf
 |archive-date=2006-07-24
}}
<!-- X -->
<!-- Y -->
<!-- Z -->
{{참고 자료 끝}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* {{curlie|Business/Financial_Services/Insurance/Actuarial_Science}}

{{통계학}}
{{전거 통제}}
[[분류:보험계리학| ]]
[[분류:보험]]
[[분류:인구학]]
[[분류:형식과학]]
[[분류:응용통계학]]