{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{성소수자}}
'''동성 입양'''({{llang|en|Same-sex Adoption}})은 성별이 같은 부부 또는 커플이 자녀를 [[입양]]하는 것을 말하며, 동성 부부가 공동 입양하거나 상대방의 생물학적 자녀를 한 부부가 입양([[두 번째 부모 입양]])하는 형태를 취할 수 있다. 동성 부부의 입양은 27개 국가와 여러 하위 관할권 및 종속 지역에서 합법이다. 또한, 추가로 5개국에서 동성 부부에게 일부 형태의 동성 입양이 합법화될 예정이다.  

헌법과 법령이 일반적으로 LGBT가 입양할 권리를 다루지 않는다는 점을 감안할 때, LGBT 부부가 개인적으로 또는 부부로서 부모 역할을 할 수 있는지 여부를 종종 사법적으로 결정한다. [[동성결혼]]을 허용하는 나라 중 대부분은 동성 입양을 허용한다. 2022년 기준 예외는 에콰도르와 멕시코에서 동성 결혼을 한 주의 1/3이다. 대부분의 나라에서 동성 입양을 허용하지만 헌법에 따라 금지된 에콰도르는 예외이다.

동성 부부의 입양을 반대하는 사람들은 LGBT 양육이 아이들에게 부정적인 영향을 미친다고 주장해 왔다. 그러나 연구에 따르면 LGBT 부모는 이성의 부모만큼 적합하고 능력이 있으며 그들의 자녀는 이성의 부모가 키운 자녀만큼 심리적으로 건강하고 잘 적응한다.<ref name="cpa2006">{{웹 인용|year=2006|title=Marriage of Same-Sex Couples – 2006 Position Statement Canadian Psychological Association|url=http://www.cpa.ca/cpasite/userfiles/Documents/Marriage%20of%20Same-Sex%20Couples%20Position%20Statement%20-%20October%202006%20(1).pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090419195945/http://www.cpa.ca/cpasite/userfiles/Documents/Marriage%20of%20Same-Sex%20Couples%20Position%20Statement%20-%20October%202006%20%281%29.pdf|archive-date=2009-04-19}}</ref><ref name="apsp">{{웹 인용|title=Elizabeth Short, Damien W. Riggs, Amaryll Perlesz, Rhonda Brown, Graeme Kane: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) Parented Families – A Literature Review prepared for The Australian Psychological Society|url=https://www.psychology.org.au/getmedia/47196902-158d-4cbb-86e6-2f3f1c71ffd1/LGBT-families-literature-review.pdf.pdf|access-date=2020-01-15}}</ref><ref name="amici2010">{{웹 인용|title=Brief of the American Psychological Association, Kentucky Psychological Association, Ohio Psychological Association, American Psychiatric Association, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, Michigan Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, National Association of Social Workers, National Association of Social Workers Tennessee Chapter, National Association of Social Workers Michigan Chapter, National Association of Social Workers Kentucky Chapter, National Association of Social Workers Ohio Chapter, American Psychoanalytic Association, American Academy of Family Physicians, and American Medical Association as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners|url=https://www.supremecourt.gov/ObergefellHodges/AmicusBriefs/14-556_American_Psychological_Association.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412074914/https://www.supremecourt.gov/ObergefellHodges/AmicusBriefs/14-556_American_Psychological_Association.pdf|archive-date=2019-04-12|access-date=2017-06-27}}</ref>

== 성소수자의 입양 ==
[[파일:Stephaniehaynes_family.jpg|섬네일|왼쪽|레즈비언 부부가 아이를 낳은 모습]]
{{본문|성소수자의 입양}}
LGBT 부모를 둔 아동의 성장에 대한 기존 연구에는 오직 특정 사례만을 고려한 제한된 연구만 이행됐다. 더욱이 연구에서 입양에 대해 언급하는 경우 입양된 자녀의 성장 결과와 원래 가족이나 의붓 가족의 성장 결과를 구별하지 못하는 경우가 많기 때문에 LGBT 입양 반대자들의 주장에 맞서기 위해 LGBT 양육의 일반적인 사례에 대한 연구가 사용된다.<ref name="Charlotte Patterson 2007, pg. 2">Charlotte Patterson, et al., "Adolescents with Same-Sex Parents: Findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, 7 November 2007, pg. 2</ref> 한 연구에서는 레즈비언 가정이나 게이 가정인 56개 가정 중 한 곳에 배치된 3세 미만 입양아의 성장 결과를 평가하여 이 문제를 직접적으로 다루었다. 표본이 적고 아동이 아직 입양 상태나 성 발달의 역학을 인식하지 못했다는 사실에도 불구하고, 연구자들은 부모의 성적 지향에 따른 자녀의 성장 결과에 유의미한  차이를 발견하지 못했다.<ref>{{저널 인용|url=http://people.virginia.edu/~cjp/articles/ffp10b.pdf|title=Parenting and Child Development in Adoptive Families: Does Parental Sexual Orientation Matter?|journal=[[Applied Developmental Science (journal)|Applied Developmental Science]]|department=[[Psychology Press]]|volume=14|issue=3|year=2010|pages=164–178|doi=10.1080/10888691.2010.500958|issn=1088-8691|last1=Farr|first1=Rachel H|last2=Forssell|first2=Stephen L|last3=Patterson|first3=Charlotte J|s2cid=12851671|access-date=27 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821173751/http://people.virginia.edu/~cjp/articles/ffp10b.pdf|archive-date=21 August 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>

과학자들의 연구에 따르면 동성 부부의 자녀는 이성 부부의 자녀만큼 잘 성장했다.<ref name="Pediatrics.aappublications.org">{{저널 인용|last1=Pawelski|first1=J. G.|last2=Perrin|first2=E. C.|last3=Foy|first3=J. M.|last4=Allen|first4=C. E.|last5=Crawford|first5=J. E.|last6=Del Monte|first6=M.|last7=Kaufman|first7=M.|last8=Klein|first8=J. D.|last9=Smith|first9=K.|year=2006|title=The Effects of Marriage, Civil Union, and Domestic Partnership Laws on the Health and Well-being of Children|url=http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/118/1/349.full|journal=[[Pediatrics (journal)|Pediatrics]]|volume=118|issue=1|pages=349–364|doi=10.1542/peds.2006-1279|pmid=16818585|access-date=November 2, 2013|last10=Springer|first10=S.|last11=Tanner|first11=J. L.|last12=Vickers|first12=D. L.|doi-access=free}}{{indent}}{{웹 인용|url=http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/about-ama/our-people/member-groups-sections/glbt-advisory-committee/ama-policy-regarding-sexual-orientation.page|title=AMA Policy Regarding Sexual Orientation|publisher=[[American Medical Association]]|access-date=November 2, 2013}}{{indent}}{{뉴스 인용|url=http://www.psychiatry.org/File%20Library/Advocacy%20and%20Newsroom/Position%20Statements/ps2005_SameSexMarriage.pdf|title=Position Statement on Support of Legal Recognition of Same-Sex Civil Marriage|access-date=November 2, 2013|publisher=[[American Psychiatric Association]]}}{{indent}}{{웹 인용|url=http://www.aaanet.org/issues/policy-advocacy/Statement-on-Marriage-and-the-family.cfm?renderforprint=1|title=Statement on Marriage and the Family|publisher=[[American Anthropological Association]]|access-date=June 9, 2015}}{{indent}}{{웹 인용|url=http://www.psychiatry.org/File%20Library/Advocacy%20and%20Newsroom/Position%20Statements/ps2002_Adoption.pdf|title=Position Statement on Adoption and Co-parenting of Children by Same-sex Couples|year=2002|publisher=[[American Psychiatric Association]]|access-date=November 2, 2013}}{{indent}}{{웹 인용|url=http://www.sdgln.com/news/2010/08/11/apa-reaffirms-support-same-sex-marriage|title=The APA reaffirms support for same-sex marriage|date=2010-08-11|publisher=[[San Diego Gay and Lesbian News]]|access-date=July 28, 2012}}{{indent}}{{웹 인용|url=http://www.aannet.org/assets/docs/marriage%20equality_7-26%2012f.pdf|title=Support for Marriage Equality|date=July 2012|publisher=[[American Academy of Nursing]]|access-date=November 2, 2013}}{{indent}}{{웹 인용|url=http://www.cpa.ca/cpasite/userfiles/Documents/Marriage%20of%20Same-Sex%20Couples%20Position%20Statement%20-%20October%202006%20(1).pdf|title=Marriage of Same-Sex Couples – 2006 Position Statement Canadian Psychological Association|year=2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090419195945/http://www.cpa.ca/cpasite/userfiles/Documents/Marriage%20of%20Same-Sex%20Couples%20Position%20Statement%20-%20October%202006%20%281%29.pdf|archive-date=2009-04-19}}{{indent}}{{웹 인용|url=http://www.psychology.org.au/Assets/Files/LGBT-Families-Lit-Review.pdf|title=Elizabeth Short, Damien W. Riggs, Amaryll Perlesz, Rhonda Brown, Graeme Kane: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) Parented Families – A Literature Review prepared for The Australian Psychological Society|access-date=2010-11-05|archive-date=2011-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110304014530/http://www.psychology.org.au/Assets/Files/LGBT-Families-Lit-Review.pdf|url-status=}}{{indent}}[https://www.supremecourt.gov/ObergefellHodges/AmicusBriefs/14-556_American_Psychological_Association.pdf Brief of the American Psychological Association, Kentucky Psychological Association, Ohio Psychological Association, American Psychiatric Association, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, Michigan Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, National Association of Social Workers, National Association of Social Workers Tennessee Chapter, National Association of Social Workers Michigan Chapter, National Association of Social Workers Kentucky Chapter, National Association of Social Workers Ohio Chapter, American Psychoanalytic Association, American Academy of Family Physicians, and American Medical Association as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412074914/https://www.supremecourt.gov/ObergefellHodges/AmicusBriefs/14-556_American_Psychological_Association.pdf |date=12 April 2019 }}{{indent}}{{저널 인용|author=Herek GM|date=September 2006|title=Legal recognition of same-sex relationships in the United States: a social science perspective|url=http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/html/AP_06_pre.PDF|url-status=dead|journal=The American Psychologist|volume=61|issue=6|pages=607–21|doi=10.1037/0003-066X.61.6.607|pmid=16953748|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610164736/http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/html/AP_06_pre.PDF|archive-date=2010-06-10}}{{indent}}{{저널 인용|last1=Biblarz|first1=Timothy J.|last2=Stacey|first2=Judith|year=2010|title=How Does the Gender of Parents Matter?|url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123248173/HTMLSTART?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0|url-status=dead|journal=Journal of Marriage and Family|volume=72|pages=3–22|citeseerx=10.1.1.593.4963|doi=10.1111/j.1741-3737.2009.00678.x|archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20171019190222/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2009.00678.x/full|archive-date=19 October 2017|access-date=26 July 2015}}{{indent}}[http://www.cpa.ca/cpasite/UserFiles/Documents/advocacy/brief.pdf Brief presented to the Legislative House of Commons Committee on Bill C38 by the Canadian Psychological Association – June 2, 2005.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013225547/http://www.cpa.ca/cpasite/userfiles/Documents/advocacy/brief.pdf |date=13 October 2012 }}{{indent}}{{뉴스 인용|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/oct/23/children-raised-by-same-sex-parents-do-as-well-as-their-peers-study-shows|title=Children raised by same-sex parents do as well as their peers, study shows|last=Davis|first=Annie|date=October 22, 2017|work=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=March 28, 2018}}{{indent}}{{뉴스 인용|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2014/07/07/children-of-same-sex-couples-are-happier-and-healthier-than-peers-research-shows|title=Children of same-sex couples are happier and healthier than peers, research shows|last=Bever|first=Lindsey|date=July 7, 2014|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=March 28, 2018}}</ref>

1979년 메트로폴리탄 커뮤니티 교회의 존 카이퍼 목사와 그의 남편은 미국에서 최초로 아이를 입양할 권리를 얻은 게이 남성이 되었다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/OnCall/photos/lgbt-pride-month-gay-rights-movement-timeline-11004003/image-24334217|title = Key Moments in Fight for Gay Rights|website = [[ABC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1979/06/21/archives/approval-given-for-homosexual-to-adopt-a-boy-minister-providing-a.html|title=Approval Given for Homosexual to Adopt a Boy|newspaper=The New York Times|date=21 June 1979|last1=Vecsey|first1=George}}</ref>

== 논쟁 ==

LGBT의 아동 입양은 활발히 논의되고 있다. 예를 들어, 미국에서는 LGBT의 입양을 금지하는 법안이 많은 관할 구역에서 도입되었다. 이러한 노력은 대부분 실패했다. 1973년 이전까지는 주 법원이 일반적으로 동성애자가 입양을 통해 자녀를 양육하는 것을 금지했다.<ref>{{저널 인용|last=Starr|first=Karla|title=Adoption by Homosexuals: A Look at Differing State Court Opinions|volume=40 |journal=Ariz. L. Rev. |page=1497 |date=Winter 1998 |url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/arz40&div=48&id=&page= |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref>

하지만, 주요 전문 단체들은 동성 부부의 입양을 옹호하는 성명을 발표했다. [[미국심리학회]]는 동성애자의 심리적 건강에 해를 끼치는 사회적 편견을 인용하면서 동성 부부의 입양을 지지했으며, 그들의 양육이 해를 끼친다는 증거는 없다고 지적했다.<ref>{{저널 인용|last=Paige |first=Ruth Ullmann |journal=American Psychologist |volume=60 |issue=5 |pages=436–511 |date=August 2005 |title=Proceedings of the American Psychological Association for the legislative year 2004. Minutes of the meeting of the Council of Representatives 28 & 30 July 2004 |location=Honolulu, HI |doi=10.1037/0003-066X.60.5.436 |access-date=May 8, 2021 |url=https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ733578}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.apa.org/about/governance/council/policy/gay-marriage.pdf |title=Resolution on Sexual Orientation and Marriage |access-date=April 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511190536/http://www.apa.org/about/governance/council/policy/gay-marriage.pdf |archive-date=May 11, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090823142855/http://archive.psych.org/edu/other_res/lib_archives/archives/200214.pdf |title=Position Statement: Adoption and Co-parenting of Children by Same-sex Couples |website=American Psychological Association |date=November 2002 |archive-date=August 23, 2009 |url=http://www.psych.org/Departments/EDU/Library/APAOfficialDocumentsandRelated/PositionStatements/200214.aspx}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.apa.org/pi/lgbt/resources/parenting-full.pdf|title=Lesbian & Gay Parenting|publisher=[[American Psychological Association]]|page=12|year=2005}}</ref> [[미국의사협회]]는 사람들의 편견으로 동성 부부의 자녀에 대한 의료 격차를 유발할 수 있다고 언급하면서 동성 부부의 두 번째 부모 입양을 지지하는 유사한 입장을 발표했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/about-ama/our-people/member-groups-sections/glbt-advisory-committee/ama-policy-regarding-sexual-orientation.shtml|title=H-60.940 Partner Co-Adoption, H-65.973 Health Care Disparities in Same-Sex Partner Households "AMA Policy regarding sexual orientation"|publisher=Ama-assn.org|access-date=16 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019042918/http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/about-ama/our-people/member-groups-sections/glbt-advisory-committee/ama-policy-regarding-sexual-orientation.page|archive-date=19 October 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

LGBT 부모의 입양을 지지하는 주장은 다음과 같다.

* 아동은 자신의 웰빙을 돌볼 수 있는 가족, 보호자 또는 사람을 가질 권리가 있다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.slate.com/blogs/outward/2014/08/01/conservatives_want_to_keep_gay_couples_from_adopting_or_fostering_kids.html|title=Conservatives want to keep gay couples from adopting or fostering kids.|author=Mark Joseph Stern|work=Slate Magazine|date=1 August 2014|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
* 가정생활을 할 수 있는 아동과 부모의 권리가 있어야 한다.
* 동성 부부와 이성애자 부부가 키운 아이들 사이의 차이는 매우 적다. 이는 부모의 성적 취향은 아이를 키울 때 거의 관련이 없다는 것을 증명한다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.lawstuff.org.uk/the-facts/what-are-childrens-rights|title=What are children's rights?|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.findlaw.co.uk/law/family/children/adoption_and_fostering/500590.html|title=Lesbian and gay couples' rights – adopting children|access-date=26 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505043759/http://www.findlaw.co.uk/law/family/children/adoption_and_fostering/500590.html|archive-date=5 May 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* LGBT 양육에 반대하는 사람들의 주장에도 불구하고,  동성 커플이 아이를 키울 수 있는 좋은 조건을 제공할 수 있다는 증거가 있다.<ref name="link.springer.com">{{저널 인용|title=Attitudes of Italian Heterosexual Older Adults Towards Lesbian and Gay Parenting|doi=10.1007/s13178-013-0129-2|volume=10|issue=4|journal=Sexuality Research and Social Policy|pages=285–292|last=Baiocco|first=Roberto|year=2013|s2cid=145433638}}</ref><ref name=mazrekaj>{{저널 인용|last1=Mazrekaj |first1=Deni |last2=De Witte |first2=Kristof |last3=Cabus |first3=Sofie |title=School Outcomes of Children Raised by Same-Sex Parents: Evidence from Administrative Panel Data |journal=American Sociological Review |date=2020 |volume=85 |issue=5 |pages=830–856 |doi=10.1177/0003122420957249|s2cid=222002953 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{저널 인용|doi=10.1016/j.ssresearch.2012.03.006|volume=41|issue=4|title=Same-sex parenting and children's outcomes: A closer examination of the American psychological association's brief on lesbian and gay parenting|journal=Social Science Research|pages=735–751|last=Marks|first=Loren|year=2012|pmid=23017844|url=https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/facpub/4875}}</ref><ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=http://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/ive-got-two-dads-and-they-adopted-me|title=I've got two dads – and they adopted me|date=4 March 2013|work=University of Cambridge|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
* 아이들에게 입양은 [[보육원|고아원]]에 가는 것 보다는 더 나은 대안이다.<ref name=familyequality>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.familyequality.org/get_informed/advocacy/ecdf/ecdf-facts/|title=ECDF Facts – Family Equality Council|work=Family Equality Council|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{저널 인용|title=(How) Does It Make a Difference? Perspectives of Adults With Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Parents|doi=10.1037/0002-9432.77.4.550|pmid = 18194035|volume=77|issue=4|journal=American Journal of Orthopsychiatry|pages=550–562|last=Goldberg|first=Abbie E.|year=2007|s2cid=40007667|url=http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/50d5/8e15efb7106dcdfbc6a374503517cceb10ae.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200707190021/http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/50d5/8e15efb7106dcdfbc6a374503517cceb10ae.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-07-07}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.adoptivefamilies.com/parenting/adoptions-by-same-sex-couples/|title=Adoptions by Same-Sex Couples Still on the Rise|work=Adoptive Families|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{저널 인용|url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/hasrapo6&div=4&id=&page=|title=Throwing Black Babies Out with the Bathwater: A Child-Centered Challenge to Same-Sex Adoption Bans|author=Tanya M. Washington|journal=6 Hastings Race and Poverty Law Journal|volume=6|page=1}}</ref><ref>{{저널 인용|url=http://cswr.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/2005_vol3_pg52_zink.pdf |title=Adoptive Homes and the Meaning of Family: Implications for Gay and Lesbian Prospective Parents |journal=Journal of Student Social Work |volume=3 |author=Alicia Erickson Zink |access-date=April 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121220211601/http://cswr.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/2005_vol3_pg52_zink.pdf |archive-date=20 December 2012}}</ref>
* 일상 생활에서 양부모에 대한 수식 감소 및 자녀의 생물학적 부모가 사망하는 상황이 있다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://family.findlaw.com/adoption/legal-issues-for-gay-and-lesbian-adoption.html|title=Legal Issues for Gay and Lesbian Adoption|work=Findlaw|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://natemat.pl/17203,dziecko-w-rodzinie-homoseksualistow-adopcja-to-nie-problem-wychowanie-juz-tak|title=Dziecko w rodzinie homoseksualistów. Adopcja to nie problem, wychowanie już tak|trans-title=A child in a homosexual family. Adoption is not a problem, education is|website=[[NaTemat.pl]]|language=pl|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>

LGBT 부모의 입양에 대해 다음과 같은 주장이 있다.

* 많은 고아원들은 종교적 신앙을 기반으로 한다. LGBT 부모를 지원하는 것은 종교에 어긋날 수 있다..<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.debatingeurope.eu/focus/arguments-gay-adoption/#.YEPiVGhKiUk |title=Arguments For and Against Gay Adoption |website=Debating Europe |access-date=March 6, 2021}}</ref>
* 아이들은 엄마와 아빠가 필요하다. 어머니와 아버지 중 최소 한 명은 필요하다. 이들은 한 성별이 자녀에게 다른 성별이 할 수 없는 어떤 것을 가르칠 수 있다고 가정한다.<ref name="Family Research Council">{{웹 인용|url=https://www.frc.org/issuebrief/ten-arguments-from-social-science-against-same-sex-marriage |title=Ten Arguments From Social Science Against Same-Sex Marriage |website=Family Research Council |access-date=March 6, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용 |url=https://www.dijg.de/english/ten-reasons-against-adoption-rights-for-homosexual-couples/ |title=The Child's Right to a Mother and Father: Ten Reasons Against Adoption Rights for Homosexual Couples |last=Vonholdt |first=Christl R. |access-date=March 6, 2021 }}{{깨진 링크|url=https://www.dijg.de/english/ten-reasons-against-adoption-rights-for-homosexual-couples/ }}</ref>
* 어떤 사람들은 동성 가정이나 LGBT 가정에서 자란 아이들이 성 및 성 장애를 경험할 가능성이 더 높다고 생각한다.<ref name="Family Research Council" />
* 어머니와 아버지가 각각 집에서 해야 할 일, 여성이 남성을 "돌보아"야 하는 것을 포함하여 전형적인 성 역할에 대해 많은 의견이 있다.<ref name="Family Research Council" />

=== 여론 ===

=== 국가별 의견 ===
다음은 2021년 2월을 기준으로 다음과 같은 국가들에 동성 입양에 대한 전국적 논쟁이 일어나고 있다.
* [[체코]](의붓자식이나 부분 입양)

== 법적 지위 ==
[[파일:World same-sex adoption laws.svg|right|섬네일|450px|세계 동성 부부들의 법적 입양 상태:{{efn|2022년 3월 기준}}
{{범례|#800080|동성 입양이 전면적으로 허용되는 국가}}
{{범례|#ba75ff|두 번째 부모의 입양만이 허용되는 국가}}
{{범례|#CCCCCC|동성 결혼이나 동성 입양에 관한 법률이 전무한 국가}}
{{범례|#E4D69D|동성 결혼은 허용되나 동성 입양은 허용되지 않는 국가}}
]]

동성 입양은 다음 국가들에서 허용된다.
* [[안도라]] (2014년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.bopa.ad/bopa/026071/Pagines/lq26071006.aspx |title=Llei 34/2014, del 27 de novembre, qualificada de les unions civils i de modificació de la Llei qualificada del matrimoni, de 30 de juny de 1995 |language=Catalan |website=Butlleti Oficial de Principat d'Andorra |access-date=April 8, 2021}}</ref>
* [[아르젠티나]] (2010년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.towardfreedom.com/home/americas/2030-argentina-passes-gay-marriage-law|author=Marie Trigona|title=Argentina Passes Gay Marriage Law|publisher=Towardfreedom.com|date=15 July 2010|access-date=13 September 2010}}</ref>
* [[오스트레일리아]] (2018년){{efn|일부 주에는 2002년부터 동성 입양이 허용됐다.}}
* [[오스트리아]] (2016년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://euroclashblog.wordpress.com/2015/01/16/austrian-court-rules-to-allow-same-sex-adoptions/|title=Austrian court rules to allow same-sex adoptions|work=The Privateer|date=16 January 2016|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
* [[벨기에]] (2006년)<ref>David Morton Rayside. ''Queer inclusions, continental divisions: public recognition of sexual diversity in Canada and the United States''. University of Toronto Press, 2008. p. 388 (p. 20). {{ISBN|0-8020-8629-2}}.</ref>
* [[브라질]] (2010년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.athosgls.com.br/noticias_visualiza.php?contcod=29208|title=Homosexual couples can adopt children, decides to Supreme Court of Justice|publisher=Athosgls.com.br|date=27 April 2010|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=2019-05-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502033110/http://www.athosgls.com.br/noticias_visualiza.php?contcod=29208|url-status=}}</ref>
* [[캐나다]] (2011년){{efn|일부 주에는 1996년부터 동성 입양이 허용됐다.}}<ref name="FAQ'S">{{웹 인용|publisher=ACC|title=FAQ's|date=31 May 2007|url=http://www.adoption.ca/faqs|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003131444/http://www.adoption.ca/faqs|archive-date=3 October 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Same Sex Rights in Canada">{{뉴스 인용|publisher=CBC News|title=Timeline: Same Sex Rights in Canada|date=12 January 2012|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/timeline-same-sex-rights-in-canada-1.1147516|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
* [[칠레]] (2022년)<ref>{{웹 인용| url = https://elpais.com/sociedad/2021-12-07/chile-aprueba-el-matrimonio-igualitario-tras-anos-de-espera.html| title = Chile aprueba el matrimonio igualitario tras años de espera {{!}} Sociedad {{!}} EL PAÍS| date = 7 December 2021}}</ref>
* [[콜롬비아]] (2015년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.eltiempo.com/politica/justicia/fallo-de-la-corte-constitucional-sobre-la-adopcion/16421486|title=Corte Constitucional da vía libre a adopción gay en Colombia|publisher=Eltiempo.Com|date=5 November 2015|access-date=8 October 2017|language=es}}</ref>
* [[코스타리카]] (2020년)
* [[크로아티아]] (2022년)
* [[덴마크]] (2010년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.cphpost.dk/component/content/48896.html?task=view |title=Gays given equal adoption rights |date=May 5, 2010 |website=The Copenhagen Post Online |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100508230634/http://www.cphpost.dk/component/content/48896.html?task=view |archive-date=8 May 2010 |access-date=April 8, 2021}}</ref>
** [[그린란드]] (2016년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2015/05/27/parliament-in-greenland-unanimously-approves-same-sex-marriage/|author=Joseph Patrick McCormick|date=27 May 2015|title=Parliament in Greenland unanimously approves same-sex marriage|work=PinkNews|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
** [[페로 제도]] (2017년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.towleroad.com/2016/04/faroe-islands|author=Sean Mandell|title=Faroe Islands Legalizes Same-Sex Marriage and Adoption|work=Towleroad|date=29 April 2016|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=2017-10-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171009042451/http://www.towleroad.com/2016/04/faroe-islands/|url-status=}}</ref>
* [[핀란드]] (2017년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/finland-president-signs-gay-marriage-law-couples-will-have-wait-get-married-until-2017200215|title=Finland president signs gay marriage law – couples will have to wait to get married until 2017|author=Joe Morgan|work=Gay Star News|date=20 February 2015|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=2016-06-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160623220437/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/finland-president-signs-gay-marriage-law-couples-will-have-wait-get-married-until-2017200215/|url-status=}}</ref>
* [[프랑스]] (2013년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=http://www.france24.com/en/20130518-france-gay-marriage-law-adoption|title=François Hollande signs same-sex marriage into law – FRANCE|publisher=FRANCE 24|date=18 May 2013|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
* [[독일]] (2017년)<ref name="ReferenceC">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-06-30/german-same-sex-marriage-vote/8668740 |title=Germany legalises same-sex marriage after Angela Merkel allows free vote |date=June 30, 2017 |website=ABC News |access-date=April 8, 2021}}</ref>
* [[아이슬란드]] (2006년)<ref>David Morton Rayside. ''Queer inclusions, continental divisions: public recognition of sexual diversity in Canada and the United States''. University of Toronto Press, 2008. p. 388 (p. 21). {{ISBN|0-8020-8629-2}}.</ref>
* [[아일랜드]] (2015년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2015/04/02/irish-senators-approve-same-sex-adoption-bill/|author=Nick Duffy|title=Irish senators approve same-sex adoption bill|work=PinkNews|date=2 April 2015|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
* [[이스라엘]] (2008년)
* [[리히텐슈타인]] (2022년)<ref>{{웹 인용 |title=Art. 25 gekippt: Etappensieg für gleichgeschlechtliche Paare - Liechtenstein - Liechtensteiner Volksblatt, die Tageszeitung für Liechtenstein |url=https://www.volksblatt.li/nachrichten/Liechtenstein/Politik/vb/307822/art-25-gekippt-etappensieg-fur-gleichgeschlechtliche-paare |access-date=2022-05-24 |website=Liechtensteiner Volksblatt |language=de-DE |archive-date=2022-05-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506131111/https://www.volksblatt.li/nachrichten/Liechtenstein/Politik/vb/307822/art-25-gekippt-etappensieg-fur-gleichgeschlechtliche-paare |url-status= }}</ref>
* [[룩셈부르크]] (2015년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=http://www.lessentiel.lu/fr/news/luxembourg/story/21588475|title=Le mariage pour tous dès le 1er janvier 2015|trans-title=Marriage for all as of 1 January 2015|publisher=L'essentiel|language=fr|date=17 July 2014|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|author=Mémorial (Official Journal of the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg)|title=Réforme du mariage|language=fr|url=http://www.legilux.public.lu/leg/a/archives/2014/0125/a125.pdf|access-date=18 July 2014|archive-date=2016-09-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916105733/http://www.legilux.public.lu/leg/a/archives/2014/0125/a125.pdf|url-status=}}</ref>
* [[몰타]] (2014년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/15/malta-gay-partnerships_n_5148866.html|title=Malta Legalizes Gay Partnerships, Adoption Rights|work=[[HuffPost]]|date=14 April 2014|author=Curtis M. Wong|agency=[[Reuters]]|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
* [[네덜란드]] (2001년)<ref name="cbsnews2001">{{뉴스 인용|agency=Associated Press|publisher=CBS News|title=Gay Marriage Goes Dutch|date=1 April 2001|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2001/04/01/world/main283071.shtml|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
* [[뉴질랜드]] (2013년)<ref name="cbsnews2001"/>
* [[노르웨이]] (2009년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|agency=Associated Press|publisher=NBC News|title=Norway passes law approving gay marriage|date=17 June 2008|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/25218048|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
* [[포르투갈]] (2016년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|work=Associated Press|title=Portugal allows same-sex adoption, artificial insemination|date=20 November 2015|url=https://apnews.com/d0754d773c424a2db4bd59f3a3d509c9/portugal-allows-same-sex-adoption-artificial-insemination|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
* [[남아프리카 공화국]] (2002년)<ref>{{웹 인용|publisher=Windy City Media Group|title=South Africa OKs Gay Adoption|date=1 October 2002|url=http://www.windycitymediagroup.com/ARTICLE.php?AID=1187|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=2019-05-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515020840/http://www.windycitymediagroup.com/ARTICLE.php?AID=1187|url-status=}}</ref>
* [[스페인]] (2005년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/01/world/europe/spain-gives-approval-to-gay-unions.html|work=The New York Times|author=Renwick McLean|title=Spain gives approval to gay unions|date=1 July 2005|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
* [[스웨덴]] (2003년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|work=[[BBC News Online]]|title=Sweden legalises gay adoption|date=6 June 2002|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/2028938.stm|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
* [[스위스]] (2022년)<ref>{{웹 인용| url = https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/switzerland-same-sex-marriage-referendum-1.6190173| title = Swiss voters back same-sex marriage and adoption by clear majority {{!}} CBC News}}</ref>
* [[타이완]] (2022){{efn|입법부에 아직 성문화되지 않은 법원의 명령과 판결에 의한 것이다.}})<ref>{{웹 인용| url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/13/same-sex-couple-become-first-in-taiwan-to-legally-adopt-child | title=Same-sex couple become first in Taiwan to legally adopt child | website=[[TheGuardian.com]] | date=13 January 2022 }}</ref>
* [[영국]]{{efn|지역별로 허가 연도가 다르다.}}
** [[잉글랜드]]와 [[웨일스]] (2005년)<ref>{{웹 인용|publisher=UK Gay News|title=New Adoption Law Gives Gay Couples Joint Rights|date=30 December 2005|url=http://www.ukgaynews.org.uk/Archive/2005dec/3001.htm|access-date=21 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110106202603/http://www.ukgaynews.org.uk//Archive/2005dec/3001.htm|archive-date=6 January 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>
** [[스코틀랜드]] (2009년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|author=Ellen Thomas|work=Herald Scotland|title=New legislation sees gay Scottish couples win right to adopt children|date=20 September 2009|url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/home-news/new-legislation-sees-gay-scottish-couples-win-right-to-adopt-children-1.921121|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
** [[북아일랜드]] (2013년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|work=BBC News|title=Gay adoption: Northern Ireland ban lifted|date=11 December 2013|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-25332917|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|publisher=Northern Ireland Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety|title=Adoption – Frequently Asked Questions|url=http://www.dhsspsni.gov.uk/index/hss/child_care/adoption/adoption_faqs.htm|access-date=5 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222155950/http://www.dhsspsni.gov.uk/index/hss/child_care/adoption/adoption_faqs.htm|archive-date=22 February 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[미국]] (2017년){{efn|일부 주에는 1993년부터 동성 입양이 허용됐다.}}<ref name="U.S. adoption">{{웹 인용|author=Human Rights Campaign|title=Adoption Laws: State by State|year=2008|url=http://www.hrc.org/issues/parenting/adoptions/8464.htm|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=2013-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521184158/http://www.hrc.org/issues/parenting/adoptions/8464.htm|url-status=}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.mnadopt.org/howtoadopt.html|title=How To Adopt|publisher=Mnadopt.org|date=1 August 2012|access-date=5 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110150929/http://www.mnadopt.org/howtoadopt.html|archive-date=10 November 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="RI">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.lesbiangayadoption.com|title=Greenwood and Fink (Providence, RI) – all legal services for same-sex adopting couples and more|publisher=Lesbiangayadoption.com|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.lifelongadoptions.com/lgbt-adoption-resources/lgbt-adoption-laws/wyoming|title=LGBT Adoption Laws Wyoming|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
* [[우루과이]] (2009년)<ref name="Uruguay adoption">{{웹 인용|author=Yanina Olivera|agency=AFP|title=Uruguay approves Latin America's first gay adoption law|date=9 September 2009|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gu1QYorSnG_WrGpbQ-ic2fMpxObg|access-date=21 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101110030911/https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gu1QYorSnG_WrGpbQ-ic2fMpxObg|archive-date=10 November 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="americasquarterly.org">{{웹 인용|publisher=AQ Online|url=http://www.americasquarterly.org/node/1033|title=Uruguay Bill Permitting Same-sex Couples to Adopt Becomes Law|date=27 October 2009|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>

동성 입양은 다음 하위 국가 관할권이나 종속 지역에 허용된다.
* 영국의 [[왕실속령]]과 [[영국의 해외 영토]]:
** [[버뮤다]] (2015년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.gov.bm/portal/server.pt/gateway/PTARGS_0_2_10809_204_226633_43/http%3B/ptpublisher.gov.bm%3B7087/publishedcontent/publish/non_ministerial/judiciary/judgments_2015/ruling_2014_no_308_a_and_b_director_of_child_and_family_services_and_attorney_gereral__feb__3_2015.pdf |title=In The Supreme Court of Bermuda CIVIL JURISDICTION 2014: No. 308 |access-date=22 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160210090757/http://www.gov.bm/portal/server.pt/gateway/PTARGS_0_2_10809_204_226633_43/http;/ptpublisher.gov.bm;7087/publishedcontent/publish/non_ministerial/judiciary/judgments_2015/ruling_2014_no_308_a_and_b_director_of_child_and_family_services_and_attorney_gereral__feb__3_2015.pdf |archive-date=10 February 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
** [[케이먼 제도]] (2019년)
** [[지브롤터]] (2014년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2014/03/21/gibraltar-approves-civil-partnerships-bill/|title=Gibraltar approves civil partnerships bill|author=Scott Roberts|work=Pink News|date=21 March 2014|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
** [[건지섬]] (2017년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.guernseyfostercare.com/adoption/who-can-adopt.aspx|title=Guernsey Foster Care: Who can adopt|publisher=Guernsey Foster Care|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=2019-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330032454/http://www.guernseyfostercare.com/adoption/who-can-adopt.aspx|url-status=}}</ref>
** [[맨섬]] (2011년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-isle-of-man-13093113|title=New laws raise hopes for more adoptions in Isle of Man|work=BBC News|date=15 April 2011|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
** [[저지섬]] (2012년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-jersey-17583000|title=Jersey's civil partnership law comes into force|work=BBC News|date=2 April 2012|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
** [[핏케언 제도]] (2015년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.gaylawnet.com/laws/pn.htm|title=GayLawNet – Laws – Pitcairn – PN|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=2019-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207020131/https://www.gaylawnet.com/laws/pn.htm|url-status=}}</ref>
** [[포클랜드 제도]] (2017년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.gaylawnet.com/laws/fk.htm|title=Falkland Islands|publisher=GayLawNet|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
** [[세인트헬레나 어센션 트리스탄다쿠냐]] (2017년)<ref>{{웹 인용 |url=http://www.gaylawnet.com/laws/sh.htm |title=Ascension Island, Saint Helena, and Tristan da Cunha LGBT Laws |website=Pride Legal: Law at Your Command |access-date=April 8, 2021 |archive-date=2018-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911152609/http://www.gaylawnet.com/laws/sh.htm |url-status= }}</ref>
* [[멕시코]]:
** [[아과스칼리엔테스주]] (2019년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.elclarinete.com.mx/reconoce-amezquita-que-parejas-gay-si-pueden-adoptar-en-aguascalientes/|title=Reconoce Amézquita que parejas gay sí pueden adoptar en Aguascalientes|language=es-MX|access-date=2019-10-22}}</ref>
** [[바하칼리포르니아주]] (2017년)
** [[캄페체주]] (2016년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://visionpeninsular.com/mid/parejas-homosexuales-pueden-adoptar|title=Adopción por parejas del mismo sexo ya es viable en Campeche|trans-title=Adoption by same-sex couples is already viable in Campeche|language=es|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=2017-10-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171009092345/http://visionpeninsular.com/mid/parejas-homosexuales-pueden-adoptar/|url-status=}}</ref>
** [[치아파스주]] (2017년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.excelsior.com.mx/nacional/2017/07/12/1175224|title=Parejas gay en Chiapas podrán adoptar, acceder a la salud…|date=2017-07-12|website=Excélsior|language=es|access-date=2019-10-22}}</ref>
** [[치와와주]] (2017년)
** [[코아우일라주]] (2014년)<ref name="Coahuila adoption">{{웹 인용|author=Jesús Castro|work=Vanguardia|title=Ya pueden parejas gay adoptar en Coahuila; PAN vota en contra|trans-title=Gay couples can already adopt in Coahuila; PAN votes against it|publisher=Marmor Informa|date=12 February 2014|url=http://www.marmorinforma.mx/Nacional/Estados/Ya-pueden-parejas-gay-adoptar-en-Coahuila-PAN-vota-en-contra|access-date=8 October 2017|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171009040212/http://www.marmorinforma.mx/Nacional/Estados/Ya-pueden-parejas-gay-adoptar-en-Coahuila-PAN-vota-en-contra|archive-date=9 October 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
** [[콜리마주]] (2016년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://angelguardian.mx/beta/parejas-del-mismo-sexo-pueden-adoptar-en-colima-funcionario-del-dif/ |title=Parejas del Mismo Sexo Pueden Adoptar en Colima: funcionario del DIF |date=June 14, 2016 |access-date=April 8, 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160615131208/http://angelguardian.mx/beta/parejas-del-mismo-sexo-pueden-adoptar-en-colima-funcionario-del-dif/ |archive-date=15 June 2016}}</ref>
** [[이달고주]] (2019년)
** [[멕시코시티]] (2010년)<ref name="Associated Press">{{뉴스 인용|agency=Associated Press|publisher=NBC News|title=Mexico City's gay marriage law takes effect|date=4 March 2010|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/35714490|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
** [[미초아칸주]] (2016년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.cambiodemichoacan.com.mx/nota-n4914|title=Con el matrimonio igualitario Michoacán libra una batalla de activismo ideológico y jurídico|author=Leticia Florian Arriaga|work=Cambio de Michoacán|date=24 May 2016|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=2019-03-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323103834/http://www.cambiodemichoacan.com.mx/nota-n4914|url-status=}}</ref>
** [[모렐로스주]] (2016년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/abren-adopciones-matrimonios-gay|title=Abren adopciones a matrimonios gay|trans-title=Adoptions are open for gay couples|publisher=Diario de Morelos|date=13 June 2016|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
** [[나야리트주]] (2019년)
** [[산루이스포토시주]] (2019년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://pulsoslp.com.mx/slp/adopcion-sin-veda-a-matrimonios-igualitarios-valdes/936591|title=Adopción, sin veda a matrimonios igualitarios: Valdés|website=pulsoslp.com.mx|language=es|access-date=2019-10-22}}</ref>
** [[푸에블라]] (2017년)
** [[베라쿠르즈]] (2016년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.elmundodecordoba.com/index.php/local/local-conten-izq/11132-sin-adoptar-parejas-del-mismo-genero|title=Sin adoptar parejas del mismo género|website=www.elmundodecordoba.com|language=es|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=2016-09-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160912160106/http://www.elmundodecordoba.com/index.php/local/local-conten-izq/11132-sin-adoptar-parejas-del-mismo-genero|url-status=}}</ref>
** [[케레타로]] (2017년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://queretaro.quadratin.com.mx/parejas-del-sexo-pueden-adoptar-queretaro/ |title=Parejas del mismo sexo pueden adoptar en Querétaro |last=Martinez |first=Andy |website=Quadratin |date=April 26, 2017 |access-date=April 8, 2021}}</ref>
* [[카리브 네덜란드]] (2012년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0028063/2011-01-01/1|title=Invoeringswet openbare lichamen Bonaire, Sint Eustatius en Saba|trans-title=Public Administration Act, Bonaire, Saint Eustatius and Saba|language=nl|date=1 January 2011|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>

다음 국가들은 의붓자식 입양만을 허용한다:

* [[에스토니아]] (2016년)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|title=Kooseluseadus|url=http://www.riigikogu.ee/index.php?op=emsplain&page=pub_file&file_id=f95adcc2-9cdd-4988-a0d3-58bf85d2df4a&|publisher=[[Riigikogu]]|access-date=8 October 2017|language=et}}</ref>
* [[이탈리아]] (2016년){{efn|일부 사례에만 한정된다.}}<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.corriere.it/politica/16_giugno_22/adozioni-cassazione-si-stepchild-adoption-casi-particolari-83331c86-385e-11e6-af01-13e8abfd5afa.shtml|author=Elena Tebano|title=Gay, Cassazione: sì alla stepchild adoption per il secondo genitore|date=22 June 2016|trans-title=Gay, Cassation: yes to stepchild adoption for the second parent|language=it|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref>
* [[산 마리노]] (2018년)<ref name="consigliograndeegenerale.sm">{{웹 인용|url=https://www.consigliograndeegenerale.sm/on-line/home/scheda17160637.html |title=LAW November 20, 2018 n.147 - Regulation of civil unions |website=Consiglio Grande e Generale |language=Italian |access-date=April 8, 2021}}</ref>
* [[슬로베니아]] (2011년)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.policy.hu/takacs/pdf-lib/Confronting_Homophobia_in_Europe-the_book.pdf|title=Confronting Homophobia in Europe|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=2017-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170619223955/http://www.policy.hu/takacs/pdf-lib/Confronting_Homophobia_in_Europe-the_book.pdf|url-status=}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.sloveniatimes.com/first-adoption-by-gay-partner-of-child-s-parent|title=First Adoption by Gay Partner of Child's Parent|work=Slovenian Times|date=20 July 2011|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=2019-05-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502130350/http://www.sloveniatimes.com/first-adoption-by-gay-partner-of-child-s-parent|url-status=}}</ref>
== 같이 보기 ==
* [[동성결합]]
* [[두 번째 부모 입양]]
== 각주 ==
===내용주 ===
{{notelist}}
=== 참조주 ===
{{각주}}

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:입양, 위탁, 고아 돌봄, 격리]]
[[분류:가족법]]