{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{Drugbox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 456481929
| IUPAC_name = (5α,6α)-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-ol
| image = Codein - Codeine.svg
| alt = Skeletal formula
| image2 = Codeine molecule spacefill.png
| alt2 = Space-filling model
<!-- Clinical data -->
| tradename =
| synonyms = 3-Methylmorphine
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|codeine}}
| MedlinePlus = a682065
| legal_AU = S3
| legal_AU_comment =/ S4 / S8
| legal_CA = Schedule I
| legal_DE = Anlage III
| legal_UK = Class B
| legal_US = Schedule II
| pregnancy_AU = A
| pregnancy_US = C
| dependency_liability = High
| routes_of_administration = by mouth, rectal, [[Subcutaneous injection|SC]], [[intramuscular|IM]]
<!-- Pharmacokinetic data -->
| bioavailability = By mouth: ~90%
| metabolism = [[Liver]]: [[CYP2D6]] (to [[morphine]]), [[CYP3A4]] (to [[norcodeine]]), [[UGT2B7]] (to 3- and 6-[[glucuronide]]s of codeine, norcodeine, and morphine)<ref>{{저널 인용 |vauthors=Shen H, He MM, Liu H | title = Comparative metabolic capabilities and inhibitory profiles of CYP2D6.1, CYP2D6.10, and CYP2D6.17 | journal = Drug Metab. Dispos. | volume = 35 | issue = 8 | pages = 1292–300 |date=August 2007 | pmid = 17470523 | doi = 10.1124/dmd.107.015354 | url = |display-authors=etal}}</ref>
| elimination_half-life = 2.5–3 hours
| onset       = 15–30 minutes<ref name=AHFS2016 />
| duration_of_action = 4–6 hours<ref name=AHFS2016 />
<!-- Identifiers -->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 76-57-3
| ATC_prefix = R05
| ATC_suffix = DA04
| ATC_supplemental = <br />combinations: {{ATC|N02|AA59}}, {{ATC|N02|AA79}}
| PubChem = 5284371
| IUPHAR_ligand = 1673
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00318
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 4447447
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|changed|FDA}}
| UNII = UX6OWY2V7J
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = C06174
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 16714
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 485
<!-- Chemical data -->
| C=18 | H=21 | N=1 | O=3
| molecular_weight = 299.364&nbsp;g/mol
| smiles = CN1CC[C@]23C4=C5C=CC(OC)=C4O[C@H]2[C@@H](O)C=C[C@H]3[C@H]1C5
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C18H21NO3/c1-19-8-7-18-11-4-5-13(20)17(18)22-16-14(21-2)6-3-10(15(16)18)9-12(11)19/h3-6,11-13,17,
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = OROGSEYTTFOCAN-DNJOTXNNSA-N
}}
'''코데인'''(codeine) 또는 '''3-메틸모르핀'''(3-methylmorphine, 메틸화 모르핀의 자연 이성질체의 하나)은 [[기침약]]으로서 [[통증]] 및 [[설사]] 치료에 사용되는 [[아편제]]이다.<ref name=AHFS2016>{{웹 인용|title=Codeine|url=http://www.drugs.com/monograph/codeine.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|accessdate=January 5, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{저널 인용|last1=Prommer|first1=E|title=Role of codeine in palliative care.|journal=Journal of opioid management|date=2010|volume=7|issue=5|pages=401–6|pmid=22165039}}</ref>

[[아편]] 추출물로서 진해제, 진통제 혹은 항바이러스제로 쓰인다. [[모르핀]]보다는 중독성이 적으므로 마약으로 분류되지 않는다. [[아편]]에 함유된 알칼로이드 중 3퍼센트를 차지하며 두 번째로 많으므로, 법적으로 '한외마약'으로 등재되어 있다. 해외에선 린(Lean)이라고 하여, [[스프라이트]]에 코데인을 섞어 음료로 마시기도 한다.

코데인은 1832년 [[피에르 로비케]]가 발견하였다.<ref name="New2015">{{서적 인용|last1=Newton|first1=David|title=Prescription Drug Abuse: A Reference Handbook|date=2015|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-4408-3979-5|page=20|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mcAnCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA20}}</ref>

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* {{위키공용분류-줄}}

{{전거 통제}}
{{토막글|의학}}

[[분류:오피오이드]]
[[분류:세계 보건 기구 필수 의약품]]
[[분류:기침약]]
[[분류:지사제]]
[[분류:프랑스의 발명품]]
[[분류:사이클로알켄]]
[[분류:전구약물]]
[[분류:카테콜 에터]]
[[분류:글라이신 수용체 대항제]]
[[분류:아편제]]
[[분류:이차 대사산물]]
[[분류:4,5-에폭시모르피난]]