{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{Drugbox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 420419989
| IUPAC_name = (''RS'')-6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one
| image  = Methadone.svg
| width  = 200px
| image2 = Levomethadone-xtal-1974-ball-and-stick.png
| width2 = 225px
| alt2   = The more active R enantiomer of methadone (levomethadone)
| chirality = [[Racemic mixture]]

<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename = Dolophine, Methadose, others
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|methadone-hydrochloride}}
| MedlinePlus = a682134
| pregnancy_AU = C
| pregnancy_US = C
| legal_AU = Schedule 8
| legal_CA = Schedule I
| legal_DE = Anlage III
| legal_US = Schedule II
| legal_UK = Class A
| dependency_liability = <!--Need a reliable [[WP:MEDRS]]-compliant source to include this information-->
| routes_of_administration = By mouth, intravenous, insufflation, sublingual, rectal

<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability = 15-20% subcutaneous<ref name="acta08">{{저널 인용|last=Anaheim|first=OM|author2=Moksnes, K |author3=Borchgrevink, PC |author4=Kaasa, S |author5= Dale, O |title=Clinical pharmacology of methadone for pain.|journal=Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica|date=August 2008|volume=52|issue=7|pages=879–89|doi=10.1111/j.1399-6576.2008.01597.x|pmid=18331375}}</ref><br />
100% intravenous<ref name="acta08" /><br />
41–99% (by mouth)<ref name="acta08" />
| protein_bound = 85–90%<ref name="acta08" />
| metabolism = [[Liver]] ([[CYP3A4]], [[CYP2B6]] and [[CYP2D6]]-mediated)<ref name="acta08" /><ref name=PMJ04>{{저널 인용|last=Brown|first=R|author2=Kraus, C|author3=Fleming, M|author4=Reddy, S|title=Methadone: applied pharmacology and use as adjunctive treatment in chronic pain.|journal=Postgraduate Medical Journal|date=November 2004|volume=80|issue=949|pages=654–9|doi=10.1136/pgmj.2004.022988|pmid=15537850|url=http://pmj.bmj.com/content/80/949/654.full.pdf|format=PDF|pmc=1743125|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502005223/http://pmj.bmj.com/content/80/949/654.full.pdf|archivedate=2014-05-02|df=}}</ref>
| elimination_half-life = 15 to 55 hours<ref name = PMJ04/>
| excretion = Urine, faeces<ref name = PMJ04/>
| onset = Rapid<ref name=AHFS2015/>
| duration_of_action = Single dose: 4–8 h<br />Prolonged use:<br /> • Withdrawal prevention: 1–2 days<ref name=AHFS2015/><br /> • Pain relief: 8–12 hours<ref name=AHFS2015/><ref name="DurPain"/>

<!--Identifiers-->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 76-99-3
| ATC_prefix = N02
| ATC_suffix = AC52
| ATC_supplemental =  {{ATC|N07|BC02}} {{ATCvet|N02|AC90}}
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 6807
| PubChem = 4095
| IUPHAR_ligand = 5458
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00333
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 3953
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = UC6VBE7V1Z
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D08195
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 651

<!--Chemical data-->
| C=21 | H=27 | N=1 | O=1
| molecular_weight = 309.445 g/mol
| SMILES = CCC(C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(C2=CC=CC=C2)CC(N(C)C)C)=O
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C21H27NO/c1-5-20(23)21(16-17(2)22(3)4,18-12-8-6-9-13-18)19-14-10-7-11-15-19/h6-15,17H,5,16H2,1-4H3
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = USSIQXCVUWKGNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
}}
'''메타돈'''(methadone)은 [[진통제]]로서 의학적으로 사용되고, 또 [[아편 중독]] 환자들이 [[약물 중독]]에서 벗어나도록 유지하는 데 쓰이는 [[화학 합성|합성]] [[오피오이드]]이다. 1937년 [[독일]]에서 개발되었다. 화학적으로 [[모르핀]]이나 [[헤로인]]과 다르지만, 메타돈은 동일한 [[아편 수용체]]에서 약효가 있으므로 거의 같은 효력을 지닌다. 또, 메타돈은 낮은 가격으로도 [[만성 고통]]을 관리하는 데 사용할 수 있다. 미국에는 1947년 [[엘리 릴리 앤드 컴퍼니]]가 메타돈을 처음 들여왔다.

== 부정적 영향 ==
* 진정 효과
* [[변비]]<ref name=Drugs.com/><ref name=medlineplus-archive/>
* [[땀]]<ref name=medlineplus-archive/>
* 어지러움<ref name=Drugs.com/><ref name=RxList/><ref name="MedicineNet">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.medicinenet.com/methadone-dispersible_tablet/article.htm |title=Methadone |publisher=MedicineNet |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304040715/http://www.medicinenet.com/methadone-dispersible_tablet/article.htm |archive-date=2016-03-04 }}</ref>
* 약화<ref name=medlineplus-archive/>
* 피로, 졸림<ref name=medlineplus-archive/>
* 수면 문제,<ref name=Drugs.com/>
* [[불면증]]<ref name = "AAC_2021">{{웹 인용| author = Editorial Staff | date = 13 August 2021|title=Pros and Cons of Methadone Medication-Assisted Treatment|url=https://americanaddictioncenters.org/methadone-addiction/pros-cons|access-date=2021-11-13|website=American Addiction Centers|language=en}}</ref>
* [[구역질]]<ref name=Drugs.com/><ref name=medlineplus-archive/> 및 [[구토]]<ref name=Drugs.com/><ref name=medlineplus-archive/>
* [[저혈압]]
* [[두통]]<ref name=medlineplus-archive>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a682134.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080227025738/http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a682134.html |archive-date=2008-02-27 |title=Methadone| website=MedlinePlus}}</ref>
* 흉통 등 심장질환<ref name=Drugs.com/><ref name=RxList/> 또는 빠른 심박<ref name=Drugs.com/><ref name=RxList/><ref name=MedicineNet/>
* 호흡 문제,<ref name=Drugs.com/><ref name=RxList/> 느린 호흡,<ref name=Drugs.com>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.drugs.com/methadone.html |title=Methadone |publisher=Drugs.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729133154/https://www.drugs.com/methadone.html |archive-date=2017-07-29 }}</ref><ref name=RxList>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/methdone.htm |title=Dolophine: Drug Description |website=RxList |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080903135222/http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/methdone.htm |archive-date=2008-09-03 }}</ref>
* [[체중 증가]]<ref name=medlineplus-archive/>
* 기억 상실
* 간지려움
* 소변 문제<ref name=medlineplus-archive/>
* 손, 팔, 발, 다리의 [[종창]]<ref name=medlineplus-archive/>
* 감정 변화,<ref name=medlineplus-archive/> 방향 감각 상실
* 흐릿한 시야<ref name=medlineplus-archive/>
* [[리비도]] 감소,<ref name=Drugs.com/><ref name=medlineplus-archive/> [[오르가슴]] 도달 문제,<ref name=Drugs.com/> [[불임]]<ref name=Drugs.com/><ref name=medlineplus-archive/>
* [[무월경]],<ref name=medlineplus-archive/>
* 피부 발진

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* [http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/publications/factsht/methadone/index.html ONDCP Fact Sheet]

{{전거 통제}}
{{토막글|의학}}

[[분류:독일의 발명품]]
[[분류:케톤]]
[[분류:아민]]
[[분류:세계 보건 기구 필수 의약품]]
[[분류:뮤 오피오이드 수용체 작용제]]
[[분류:합성 오피오이드]]
[[분류:HERG 차단제]]
[[분류:CYP2D6 억제제]]