{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{언어 정보
|이름=포에니어
|지역=[[튀니지]], [[알제리]] 해안 지역, [[모로코]], [[이베리아반도|이베리아]] 남부, [[발레아레스 제도]], [[리비아]], [[몰타]], [[시칠리아]] 서부, [[사르데냐]] 남부 및 동부
|사멸=서기 6세기
|문자=[[페니키아 문자]]
|계통색=아프리카아시아
|계통1=[[아프리카아시아어족]]
|계통2=[[셈어파]]
|계통3=[[서셈어군]]
|계통4=중부셈어
|계통5=북서셈어
|계통6=[[가나안어]]
|계통7=[[페니키아어]]
|민족=[[포에니인]]
|국가=[[고대 카르타고|카르타고]]
|iso3=xpu
|그림=Inscription_Theatre_Leptis_Magna_Libya.JPG
|그림 설명=라틴어(위)와 포에니어(아래) 문자로 된 트리폴리타니아의 포에니 비문 중 하나.
}}
'''페니키아-포에니어''' 또는 '''카르타고어'''라고도 불리는 '''포에니어'''(Punic language)는 [[포에니인]]들이 사용하던 언어로, [[셈어파]] 중 [[북서셈어군]] 분파의 [[가나안 제어]]인 [[페니키아어]]의 멸종된 분파 언어이다. 서아시아 연안(오늘날의 [[레바논]]과 [[시리아]] 북서부)에서 사용된 페니키아어의 파생어로, 기원전 8세기부터 서기 6세기까지 [[고전 고대]] 전반에 걸쳐 [[포에니인]]들 또는 [[페니키아인]]들에 의해 주로 [[서아프리카]]의 [[지중해]] 연안과 [[이베리아반도]], [[몰타]], [[시칠리아]], [[사르데냐]]와 같은 몇몇 지중해 섬에서 사용되었다.<ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1EEtmT9Tbj4C&pg=PA200|제목=The Phoenicians|성=Moscati|이름=Sabatino|날짜=2001|출판사=I.B.Tauris|쪽=200|언어=en|isbn=9781850435334}}</ref><ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FFKPBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA139|제목=L'Histoire des marques depuis l'antiquité jusqu'au moyen âge|성=Palma|이름=Salvatore Di|날짜=2014-11-18|출판사=Société des Ecrivains|쪽=139|언어=fr|isbn=9782342031201}}</ref><ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJIFAQAAIAAJ|제목=Historie de l'Afrique du Nord|성=Jouhaud|이름=Edmond Jules René|날짜=1968|출판사=Éditions des Deux Cogs dÓr|쪽=22|언어=fr}}</ref><ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a8dXDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT45|제목=L'Afrique du Nord au féminin|성=Camps|이름=Gabriel|날짜=1992|출판사=Perrin (réédition numérique FeniXX)|쪽=45|언어=fr|isbn=9782262057435}}</ref><ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BuV8DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA664|제목=Politische Geschichte (Provinzen und Randvölker: Allgemeines; Britannien, Hispanien, Gallien)|날짜=1975|편집자-성=Temporini|편집자-이름=Hildegard|출판사=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG|쪽=664|언어=fr|isbn=9783110882070}}</ref><ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M8oNAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA50|제목=Report on the Phœnician and Roman Antiquities in the Group of the Islands of Malta|성=Caruana|이름=A. A.|날짜=1852|출판사=U.S. Government Printing Office|쪽=50|언어=en}}</ref>

== 닿소리 ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
! rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | [[순음]]
! colspan="4" | [[치경음]]
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | [[경구개음]]<br>/ [[연구개음]]
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | [[구개수음]] /<br>[[인두음]]
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | [[성문음]]
|-
! colspan="2" | <small>평음</small>
! colspan="2" | <small>[[인두음화]]</small>
|-
! [[비음]]
| style="border-right: none; width: 2em;" |                || style="border-left: none; width: 2em;" | {{IPA link|m}}
| style="border-right: none; width: 2em;" |                || style="border-left: none; width: 2em;" | {{IPA link|n}}
| style="border-right: none; width: 2em;" |                || style="border-left: none; width: 2em;" | 
| style="border-right: none; width: 2em;" |                || style="border-left: none; width: 2em;" | 
| style="border-right: none; width: 2em;" |                || style="border-left: none; width: 2em;" | 
| style="border-right: none; width: 2em;" |                || style="border-left: none; width: 2em;" | 
|-
! [[파열음]]
| style="border-right: none;" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|p}}~{{IPA link|f}}
| style="border-left: none;" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|b}}~{{IPA link|v}}
| style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|t}} || style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|d}}
| style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|tˤ}}|| style="border-left: none;" | 
| style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|k}} || style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|ɡ}}
| style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|q}} || style="border-left: none;" | 
| style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|ʔ}} || style="border-left: none;" | 
|-
! [[마찰음]]
| style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|s}} || style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|z}}
| style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|sˤ}}|| style="border-left: none;" | 
| style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|ʃ}} || style="border-left: none;" | 
| style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|ħ}} || style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|ʕ}}
| style="border-right: none;" | {{IPA link|h}} || style="border-left: none;" | 
|-
! [[접근음]]
| style="border-right: none;" |                || style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|w}}
| style="border-right: none;" |                || style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|l}}
| style="border-right: none;" |                || style="border-left: none;" | 
| style="border-right: none;" |                || style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|j}}
| style="border-right: none;" |                || style="border-left: none;" | 
| style="border-right: none;" |                || style="border-left: none;" | 
|-
! [[전동음]]
| style="border-right: none;" |                || style="border-left: none;" | 
| style="border-right: none;" |                || style="border-left: none;" | {{IPA link|r}}
| style="border-right: none;" |                || style="border-left: none;" | 
| style="border-right: none;" |                || style="border-left: none;" | 
| style="border-right: none;" |                || style="border-left: none;" | 
| style="border-right: none;" |                || style="border-left: none;" | 
|}

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 추가 읽기 ==

* {{서적 인용|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/language-and-linguistic-contact-in-ancient-sicily/9AD7D3D652E2EF24F7139D65CB7469A9|제목=Language and Linguistic Contact in Ancient Sicily|성=Amadasi Guzzo|이름=Maria Giulia|날짜=2012|편집자-성=Tribulato|편집자-이름=Olga|출판사=Cambridge University Press|쪽=115–131|장=Phoenician and Punic in Sicily|isbn=978-1-107-02931-6}}
* Hoftijzer, Jacob, and Karel Jongeling. 1985. ''Dictionary of the north-west Semitic inscriptions.'' With appendices by R. C. Steiner, A. Mosak-Moshavi, and B. Porten. 2 vols. Handbuch der Orienatlistik, Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und Mittlere Osten 2. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.
* Jongeling, K. 2008. ''Handbook of Neo-Punic Inscriptions.'' Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck.
* Jongeling, K., and Robert M Kerr. 2005. ''Late Punic Epigraphy: An Introduction to the Study of Neo-Punic and Latino-Punic Inscriptions.'' Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck.
* Kerr, Robert M. 2010. ''Latino-Punic Epigraphy: A Descriptive Study of the Inscriptions.'' Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck.
* Krahmalkov, Charles. 1970. "Studies in Phoenician and Punic Grammar." ''Journal of Semitic Studies'' 15, no.2: 181–88.
* --. 2000. ''Phoenician-Punic dictionary.'' Studia Phoenicia 15. Leuven, Belgium: Peeters.
* --. 2001. ''A Phoenician-Punic grammar.'' Handbook of Oriental Studies: Section One, the Near East and the Middle East 54. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.
* Schmitz, Philip C. "Phoenician-Punic Grammar and Lexicography in the New Millennium." ''Journal of the American Oriental Society'' 124, no. 3 (2004): 533-47. doi:10.2307/4132279.
* Segert, Stanislav. 1976. ''A Grammar of Phoenician and Punic.'' München: C.H. Beck.
* --. 2003. "Phoenician-punic: Grammar and dictionary." ''Archiv Orientální'' 71. no. 4: 551–56.
* Tomback, Richard S. 1978. ''A comparative Semitic lexicon of the Phoenician and Punic languages.'' Missoula, MT: Scholars.

== 외부 링크 ==
* [http://www.omniglot.com/writing/punic.htm Punic alphabet on Omniglot.com]
* [http://www.wazu.jp/gallery/Fonts_Phoenician.html Phoenician fonts from unicode]
{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:포에니어| ]]
[[분류:카르타고]]
[[분류:유럽의 사어]]
[[분류:아프리카의 사어]]
[[분류:페니키아어]]
[[분류:가나안 제어]]