{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 451153890
| Name = 과염소산 리튬<br>Lithium perchlorate
| ImageFile = Lithium perchlorate.png
| ImageSize = 150px
| ImageFile1 = Lithiumperchlorat.png
| ImageSize1 = 240px
| ImageCaption1 = <span style="color:#86E074; background-color:#86E074;">__</span> [[Lithium|Li]]<sup>+</sup>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color:#31FC02; background-color:#31FC02;">__</span> [[Chlorate|Cl]]<sup>7+</sup>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color:#FE0300;background-color:#FE0300;">__</span> [[Oxygen|O]]<sup>2−</sup> <BR>Unit cell of lithium perchlorate.
| ImageAlt1 = The orthorhombic unit cell of lithium perchlorate under standard conditions.
| ImageName = Lithium perchlorate
| IUPACName = Lithium perchlorate
| OtherNames = Perchloric acid, lithium salt; Lithium Cloricum
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 133514
| InChI = 1/ClHO4.Li/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1
| InChIKey = MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-REWHXWOFAR
| SMILES = [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/ClHO4.Li/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M
| CASNo = 7791-03-9
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|changed|FDA}}
| UNII = Q86SE98C9C
| PubChem = 23665649
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = {{chem|LiClO|4}}
| MolarMass = 106.39 g/mol (anhydrous)<br> 160.44 g/mol (trihydrate)
| Appearance = white crystals
| Odor = odorless
| Density = 2.42 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| Solubility = 42.7 g/100 mL (0 °C)<br> 49 g/100 mL (10 °C)<br> 59.8 g/100 mL (25 °C)<br> 71.8 g/100 mL (40 °C)<br> 119.5 g/100 mL (80 °C)<br> 300 g/100 g (120 °C)<ref name=chemister>{{웹 인용| url=http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=612 | title=Lithium perchlorate}}</ref>
| SolubleOther = soluble in [[에탄올|alcohol]], [[ethyl acetate]]<ref name=chemister />
| Solubility1 = 137 g/100 g<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent1 = acetone
| Solubility2 = 1.82 g/g (0 °C, in [[methanol|CH<sub>3</sub>OH]])<br> 1.52 g/g (0 °C, in [[에탄올|C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH]])<br> 1.05 g/g (25 °C, in [[propanol|C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>OH]])<br> 0.793 g/g (0 °C, in [[butanol|C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>OH]])<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent2 = alcohol
| MeltingPtC = 236
| BoilingPtC = 430
| BoilingPt_notes = <br> decomposes from 400&nbsp;°C
  }}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| UnitCellFormulas = 4 formula per cell
| SpaceGroup = Pnma, No. 62
| LattConst_a = 865.7(1)&nbsp;pm
| LattConst_b = 691.29(9)&nbsp;pm
| LattConst_c = 483.23(6)&nbsp;pm
| LattConst_ref =<ref>{{저널 인용| doi=10.1002/zaac.200300114| title=Crystal Structure of LiClO4| year=2003| last1=Wickleder| first1=Mathias S.| journal=Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie| volume=629| issue=9| pages=1466–1468}}</ref>
| Coordination = [[tetrahedral]] at Cl
  }}
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = -380.99 kJ/mol
| DeltaGf = -254 kJ/mol<ref name=chemister />
| DeltaHc = 
| Entropy = 125.5 J/mol·K<ref name=chemister />
| HeatCapacity = 105 J/mol·K<ref name=chemister />
  }}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9924516 MSDS]
| MainHazards = Oxidizer, irritant
| NFPA-H = 2 | NFPA-F = 0 | NFPA-R = 0 | NFPA-S = OX
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS03}}{{GHS07}}<ref name="sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|id=431567|name=Lithium perchlorate|accessdate=2014-05-09}}</ref>
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|272|315|319|335}}<ref name="sigma" />
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|220|261|305+351+338}}<ref name="sigma" />
  }}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[Lithium chloride]]<br/>[[Lithium hypochlorite]]<br/>[[Lithium chlorate]]
| OtherCations = [[Sodium perchlorate]]<br/>[[Potassium perchlorate]]<br/>[[Rubidium perchlorate]]
  }}
}}
'''과염소산 리튬'''(Lithium perchlorate)은 [[무기 화합물]]의 하나이다. [[산소 이온]]과 리튬 이온을 하나씩 가지고 있다. 그리고 중앙의 염소가 1개의 부족한 [[전자]]를 채우는 대신 [[최외각 전자껍질]]에 있는 전자 7개를 산소와 공유하는 특별한 분자구조를 가지고 있다.

== 안전 ==
[[과염소산염]]은 유기화합물에 폭발 혼합물을 제공한다.<ref name=Vogt>Helmut Vogt, Jan Balej, John E. Bennett, Peter Wintzer, Saeed Akbar Sheikh, Patrizio Gallone "Chlorine Oxides and Chlorine Oxygen Acids" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH. {{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a06_483}}</ref>

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* [http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C7791039 WebBook page for LiClO4]

{{리튬 화합물}}
{{토막글|화학}}

[[분류:리튬 화합물]]
[[분류:과염소산염]]