{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:Bessie Smith (1936) by Carl Van Vechten.jpg|섬네일|1936년 모습]]
'''베시 스미스'''(Bessie Smith, 1894년 4월 15일 ~ 1937년 9월 26일)는 [[재즈 시대]]에 널리 알려진 미국의 [[블루스]] 가수이다. 별명은 [[대중음악의 별명 목록|Empress of the Blues]]였으며 1930년대와 1950년대의 가장 대중적인 여성 블루스 가수였다. 그녀의 시대에서 가장 위대한 가수들 가운데 한 명으로 인식되곤 하며 동료 [[블루스]] 가수들과 [[재즈]] 보컬리스트에 큰 영향을 미쳤다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.sparknotes.com/biography/bessiesmith/section9.rhtml |title=Bessie Smith: Controversy |publisher=[[SparkNotes]] |date=October 4, 1937 |access-date=August 30, 2015}}</ref>

미국 테네시주 채터누가에서 태어난 스미스는 어려서 부모를 일찍 여의고 그녀와 형제자매는 거리 모서리에서 공연을 함으로써 생계를 이어나갔다. [[마 레이니]]가 소속된 단체에서 투어와 공연을 시작했으며 이후 그녀 자신만의 길을 걸어나갔다. [[콜럼비아 레코드]]와의 성공적인 레코딩 경력이 1920년대에 시작되었으나 자동차 사고로 인해 43세 나이로 사망했다.

== 히트 레코드 ==
1936년까지 미국에서 공식적인 레코드 차트는 존재하지 않는다.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!연도
!싱글
!<small>[[빌보드 핫 100|미국<br />팝]]</small><ref>{{서적 인용|title=Pop Memories: 1890–1954 |last=Whitburn|first=Joel |year=1986 |publisher=Record Research |isbn=9780898200836|url=https://archive.org/details/joelwpopmemories00whit}}</ref>{{refn|group=nb|[[Joel Whitburn]]'s methodology for creating pre-1940s chart positions has been
criticized,<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://songbook1.wordpress.com/fx/joel-whitburn-criticism-chart-fabrication-misrepresentation-of-sources-cherry-picking/ |title=Joel Whitburn Criticism: Chart Fabrication, Misrepresentation of Sources, Cherry Picking |work=Songbook |access-date=July 15, 2015|date=March 3, 2013 }}</ref> and those listed here should not be taken as definitive.}}
|-
|rowspan="5"|1923
|"[[Downhearted Blues]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|1
|-
|"[[Gulf Coast Blues]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|5
|-
|"[[Aggravatin' Papa]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|12
|-
|"[[Baby Won't You Please Come Home]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|6
|-
|"[[Ain't Nobody's Business|T'ain't Nobody's Biz-Ness if I Do]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|9
|-
|rowspan="3"|1925
|"[[Saint Louis Blues|The St. Louis Blues]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|3
|-
|"[[Careless Love|Careless Love Blues]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|5
|-
|"[[I Ain't Gonna Play No Second Fiddle]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|8
|-
|rowspan="2"|1926
|"[[I Ain't Got Nobody]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|8
|-
|[["Lost Your Head Blues]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|5
|-
|rowspan="2"|1927
|"[[After You've Gone]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|7
|-
|"[[Alexander's Ragtime Band]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|17
|-
|rowspan="2"|1928
|"[[A Good Man Is Hard to Find]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|13
|-
|"[[Empty Bed Blues]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|20
|-
||1929
|"[[Nobody Knows You When You're Down and Out]]"
| style="text-align:center;"|15
|}
'''78 RPM Singles — Columbia Records'''
{| class="wikitable"
|A-3844
|"Gulf Coast Blues"
|1923-02-16
|-
|A-3844
|"Down Hearted Blues"
|1923-02-16
|-
|A-3877
|"Aggravatin' Papa"
|1923-04-11
|-
|A-3877
|"Beale Street Mama"
|1923-04-11
|-
|A-3888
|"Baby Won't You Please Come Home"
|1923-04-11
|-
|A-3888
|"Oh Daddy Blues"
|1923-04-11
|-
|A-3898
|"Keeps on A Rainin All Time"
|1923-02-16
|-
|A-3898
|"Tain't Nobody's Bizness if I Do"
|1923-04-26
|-
|A-3900
|"Outside of That"
|1923-04-30
|-
|A-3900
|"Mama's Got the Blues"
|1923-04-30
|-
|A-3936
|"Bleeding Hearted Blues"
|1923-06-14
|-
|A-3936
|"Midnight Blues"
|1923-06-15
|-
|A-3939
|"Yodeling Blues"
|1923-06-14
|-
|A-3939
|"Lady Luck Blues"
|1923-06-14
|-
|A-3942
|"If You Don't, I Know Who Will"
|1923-06-21
|-
|A-3942
|"Nobody in Town Can Bake a Jelly Roll Like My Man"
|1923-06-22
|-
|A-4001
|"Jail House Blues"
|1923-09-21
|-
|A-4001
|"Graveyard Dream Blues"
|1923-09-26
|-
|13000 D
|"Whoa, Tillie, Take Your Time"
|1923-10-24
|-
|13000 D
|"My Sweetie Went Away"
|1923-10-24
|-
|13001 D
|"Cemetery Blues"
|1923-09-26
|-
|13001 D
|"Any Woman's Blues"
|1923-10-16
|-
|13005 D
|"St Louis Gal"
|1923-09-24
|-
|13005 D
|"Sam Jones' Blues"
|1923-09-24
|-
|13007 D
|"I'm Going Back to My Used to Be"
|1923-10-04
|-
|13007 D
|"Far Away Blues"
|1923-10-04
|-
|14000 D
|"Mistreatin' Daddy"
|1923-12-04
|-
|14000 D
|"Chicago Bound Blues"
|1923-12-04
|-
|14005 D
|"Frosty Mornin' Blues"
|1924-01-08
|-
|14005 D
|"Easy Come Easy Go Blues"
|1924-01-10
|-
|14010 D
|"Eavesdropper Blues"
|1924-01-09
|-
|14010 D
|"Haunted House Blues"
|1924-01-09
|-
|14018 D
|"Boweavil Blues"
|1924-04-07
|-
|14018 D
|"Moonshine Blues"
|1924-04-09
|-
|14020 D
|"Sorrowful Blues"
|1924-04-04
|-
|14020 D
|"Rocking Chair Blues"
|1924-04-04
|-
|14023 D
|"Frankie Blues"
|1924-04-08
|-
|14023 D
|"Hateful Blues"
|1924-04-08
|-
|14025 D
|"Pinchbacks, Take 'em Away"
|1924-04-04
|-
|14025 D
|"Ticket Agent Easy Your Window Down"
|1924-04-05
|-
|14031 D
|"Louisiana Low Down Blues"
|1924-07-22
|-
|14031 D
|"Mountain Top Blues"
|1924-07-22
|-
|14032 D
|"House Rent Blues"
|1924-07-23
|-
|14032 D
|"Work House Blues"
|1924-07-23
|-
|14037 D
|"Rainy Weather Blues"
|1924-08-08
|-
|14037 D
|"Salt Water Blues"
|1924-07-31
|-
|14042 D
|"Bye Bye Blues"
|1924-09-26
|-
|14042 D
|"Weeping Willow Blues"
|1924-09-26
|-
|14051 D
|"Dying Gambler's Blues"
|1924-12-06
|-
|14051 D
|"Sing Sing Prison Blues"
|1924-12-06
|-
|14052 D
|"Follow the Deal on Down"
|1924-12-04
|-
|14052 D
|"Sinful Blues"
|1924-11-11
|-
|14056 D
|"Reckless Blues"
|1925-01-14
|-
|14056 D
|"Sobbin' Hearted Blues"
|1925-01-14
|-
|14060 D
|"Love Me Daddy Blues"
|1924-12-12
|-
|14060 D
|"Woman's Trouble Blues"
|1924-12-12
|-
|14064 D
|"Cold in Hand Blues"
|1925-01-14
|-
|14064 D
|"St Louis Blues"
|1925-01-14
|-
|14075 D
|"Yellow Dog Blues"
|1925-05-06
|-
|14075 D
|"Soft Pedal Blues"
|1925-05-14
|-
|14079 D
|"Dixie Flyer Blues"
|1925-05-15
|-
|14079 D
|"You've Been a Good Ole Wagon"
|1925-01-14
|-
|14083 D
|"Careless Love"
|1925-05-26
|-
|14083 D
|"He's Gone Blues"
|1925-06-23
|-
|14090 D
|"I Ain't Goin' to Play No Second Fiddle"
|1925-05-27
|-
|14090 D
|"Nashville Women's Blues"
|1925-05-27
|-
|14095 D
|"I Ain't Got Nobody"
|1925-08-19
|-
|14095 D
|"J.C.Holmes Blues"
|1925-05-27
|-
|14098 D
|"My Man Blues"
|1925-09-01
|-
|14098 D
|"Nobody's Blues but Mine"
|1925-08-19
|-
|14109 D
|"Florida Bound Blues"
|1925-11-17
|-
|14109 D
|"New Gulf Coast Blues"
|1925-11-17
|-
|14115 D
|"I've Been Mistreated and I Don't Like It"
|1925-11-18
|-
|14115 D
|"Red Mountain Blues"
|1925-11-20
|-
|14123 D
|"Lonesome Desert Blues"
|1925-12-09
|-
|14123 D
|"Golden Rule Blues"
|1925-11-20
|-
|14129 D
|"What's the Matter Now?"
|1926-03-05
|-
|14129 D
|"I Want Every Bit of It"
|1926-03-05
|-
|14133 D
|"Jazzbo Brown from Memphis Town"
|1926-03-18
|-
|14133 D
|"Squeeze Me"
|1926-03-05
|-
|14137 D
|"Hard Driving Papa"
|1926-05-40
|-
|14137 D
|"Money Blues"
|1926-05-04
|-
|14147 D
|"Baby Doll"
|1926-05-04
|-
|14147 D
|"Them Has Been Blues"
|1926-03-05
|-
|14158 D
|"Lost Your Head Blues"
|1926-05-04
|-
|14158 D
|"Gin House Blues"
|1926-03-18
|-
|14172 D
|"One and Two Blues"
|1926-10-26
|-
|14172 D
|"Honey Man Blues"
|1926-10-25
|-
|14179 D
|"Hard Time Blues"
|1926-10-25
|-
|14179 D
|"Young Woman's Blues"
|1926-10-26
|-
|14195 D
|"[[Back Water Blues]]"
|1927-02-17
|-
|14195 D
|"Preachin' the Blues"
|1927-02-17
|-
|14197 D
|"Muddy Water"
|1927-03-02
|-
|14197 D
|"After You've Gone"
|1927-03-02
|-
|14209 D
|"Send Me to the 'Lectric Chair"
|1927-03-03
|-
|14209 D
|"Them's Graveyard Words"
|1927-03-03
|-
|14219 D
|"There'll Be a Hot Time in Old Town Tonight"
|1927-03-02
|-
|14219 D
|"Alexander's Ragtime Band"
|1927-03-02
|-
|14232 D
|"Trombone Cholly"
|1927-03-03
|-
|14232 D
|"Lock and Key Blues"
|1927-04-01
|-
|14250 D
|"A Good Man Is Hard to Find"
|1927-09-27
|-
|14250 D
|"Mean Old Bed Bug Blues"
|1927-09-27
|-
|14260 D
|"Sweet Mistreater"
|1927-04-01
|-
|14260 D
|"Homeless Blues"
|1927-09-28
|-
|14273 D
|"Dyin' by The Hour"
|1927-10-27
|-
|14273 D
|"Foolish Man Blues"
|1927-10-27
|-
|14292 D
|"I Used to Be Your Sweet Mama"
|1928-02-09
|-
|14292 D
|"Thinking Blues"
|1928-02-09
|-
|14304 D
|"I'd Rather be Dead and Buried in my Grave"
|1928-06-16
|-
|14304 D
|"Pickpocket Blues"
|1928-02-09
|-
|14312 D
|"Empty Bed Blues Pt1"
|1928-03-20
|-
|14312 D
|"Empty Bed Blues Pt2"
|1928-03-20
|-
|14324 D
|"Put It Right Here"
|1928-03-20
|-
|14324 D
|"Spider Man Blues"
|1928-03-19
|-
|14338 D
|"It Won't Be You"
|1928-02-12
|-
|14338 D
|"Standin' in The Rain Blues"
|1928-02-12
|-
|14354 D
|"Devil's Gonna Git You"
|1928-08-24
|-
|14354 D
|"Yes Indeed He Do"
|1928-08-24
|-
|14375 D
|"Washwoman's Blues"
|1928-08-24
|-
|14375 D
|"Please Help Me Get Him Off My Mind"
|1928-08-24
|-
|14384 D
|"Me and My Gin"
|1928-08-25
|-
|14384 D
|"Slow and Easy Man"
|1928-08-24
|-
|14399 D
|"Poor Man's Blues"
|1928-08-24
|-
|14399 D
|"You Ought to be Ashamed"
|1928-08-24
|-
|14427 D
|"You've Got to Give Me Some"
|1929-05-08
|-
|14427 D
|"I'm Wild About that Thing"
|1929-05-08
|-
|14435 D
|"My Kitchen Man"
|1929-05-08
|-
|14435 D
|"I've Got What It Takes"
|1929-05-15
|-
|14451 D
|"Nobody Knows You When You're Down and Out"
|1929-05-15
|-
|14451 D
|"Take It Right Back"
|1929-07-25
|-
|14464 D
|"It Makes My Love Come Down"
|1929-08-20
|-
|14464 D
|"He's Got Me Goin'"
|1929-08-20
|-
|14476 D
|"Dirty No Gooder's Blues"
|1929-10-01
|-
|14476 D
|"Wasted Life Blues"
|1929-10-01
|-
|14487 D
|"Don't Cry Baby"
|1929-10-11
|-
|14487 D
|"You Don't Understand"
|1929-10-11
|-
|14516 D
|"New Orleans Hop Scop Blues"
|1930-03-27
|-
|14516 D
|"Keep It to Yourself"
|1930-03-27
|-
|14527 D
|"Blue Spirit Blues"
|1929-10-11
|-
|14527 D
|"Worn out Papa Blues"
|1929-10-11
|-
|14538 D
|"Moan Mourners"
|1930-06-09
|-
|14538 D
|"On Revival Day"
|1930-06-09
|-
|14554 D
|"Hustlin' Dan"
|1930-07-22
|-
|14554 D
|"Black Mountain Blues"
|1930-07-22
|-
|14569 D
|"Hot Springs Blues"
|1927-03-03
|-
|14569 D
|"Lookin' for My Man Blues"
|1927-09-28
|-
|14611 D
|"In the House Blues"
|1931-06-11
|-
|14611 D
|"Blue Blues"
|1931-06-11
|-
|14634 D
|"Safety Mama"
|1931-11-20
|-
|14634 D
|"Need a Little Sugar in My Bowl"
|1931-11-20
|-
|14663 D
|"Long Old Road"
|1931-06-11
|-
|14663 D
|"Shipwreck Blues"
|1931-06-11
|}
'''78 RPM Singles — Okeh Records'''
{| class="wikitable"
|8945
|"I'm Down in the Dumps"
|1933-11-24
|-
|8945
|"Do Your Duty"
|1933-11-24
|-
|8949
|"Take Me for a Buggy Ride"
|1933-11-24
|-
|8949
|"Gimme a Pigfoot (and a Bottle of Beer)"
|1933-11-24
|}

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}
; 내용주
<references group="nb" />

== 외부 링크 ==
{{위키공용분류|Bessie Smith}}
{{Library resources box|by=yes|viaf= 24788472 }}
* [http://www.jerryjazzmusician.com/mainHTML.cfm?page=albertson.html Interview with Bessie Smith biographer Chris Albertson]
* {{Discogs 음악가}}
* {{Find a Grave|960}}
* [https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/names/104231 Bessie Smith recordings] at the [[:en:Discography of American Historical Recordings]].

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:1894년 출생]]
[[분류:1937년 사망]]
[[분류:미국의 블루스 가수]]
[[분류:양성애자 음악가]]
[[분류:그래미 평생 공로상 수상자]]
[[분류:테네시주의 성소수자 인물]]
[[분류:채터누가 출신]]
[[분류:미국의 성소수자 가수]]