{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:Expression_of_the_Emotions_Plate_IV_(sneering).png|섬네일|[[찰스 다윈]]의 『[[인간과 동물의 감정 표현]]』에 사용된 비웃음의 묘사]]
'''비웃음'''은 [[입술]]을 말리거나 코를 올리는 등 윗[[입술]]의 한쪽 모서리가 약간 올라가는 것을 특징으로 하는<ref>{{인용|title=The Power of the Sneer |publisher=The Age |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=vjMTAAAAIBAJ&pg=5298,4423791 |date= Apr 10, 1937}}</ref> 경멸이나 [[혐오]]의 표정이다. [[인간과 동물의 감정 표현]]에서 [[찰스 다윈]]은 "비웃음"을 "얼굴 한쪽의 [[송곳니]]만 보이는 방식으로 윗입술이 오므려지는 것"으로 정의했다.<ref>[[Charles Darwin]], ''[[The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals]]'', 1872, pp [http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F1142&viewtype=text&pageseq=1 249-250]</ref>

== 대중문화 ==
* [[폭풍의 언덕]]에서 [[에밀리 브론테]]는 주인공인 히스클리프의 성격을 요약하기 위해 소설 내레이터인 가정부 엘렌 딘("넬리")이 인식한 비웃음을 사용했다.<ref>'My amiable lady!' he interrupted, with an almost diabolical sneer on his face. 'Where is she - my amiable lady?' (Chapter 2)|'Have you been listening at the door, Edgar?' asked the mistress, in a tone particularly calculated to provoke her husband, implying both carelessness and contempt of his irritation. Heathcliff, who had raised his eyes at the former speech, gave a sneering laugh at the latter (Chapter 11)|'Yes, she's dead!' I answered, checking my sobs and drying my cheeks. 'Gone to heaven, I hope; where we may, every one, join her, if we take due warning and leave our evil ways to follow good!'

'Did she take due warning, then?' asked Heathcliff, attempting a sneer. 'Did she die like a saint? (Chapter 16)|'Heathcliff did not glance my way, and I gazed up, and contemplated his features almost as confidently as if they had been turned to stone. His forehead, that I once thought so manly, and that I now think so diabolical, was shaded with a heavy cloud; his basilisk eyes were nearly quenched by sleeplessness, and weeping, perhaps, for the lashes were wet then: his lips devoid of their ferocious sneer, and sealed in an expression of unspeakable sadness. Had it been another, I would have covered my face in the presence of such grief. In his case, I was gratified; and, ignoble as it seems to insult a fallen enemy, I couldn't miss this chance of sticking in a dart: his weakness was the only time when I could taste the delight of paying wrong for wrong.' (Chapter 17)| I could doubt no more: he was dead and stark!

I hasped the window; I combed his black long hair from his forehead; I tried to close his eyes: to extinguish, if possible, that frightful, life-like gaze of exultation before any one else beheld it. They would not shut: they seemed to sneer at my attempts; and his parted lips and sharp white teeth sneered too! (Chapter 34)</ref>
* 공포 장르의 배우 [[빈센트 프라이스]]는 트레이드마크인 비웃음으로 캐릭터의 대사를 전달했다.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Y8MtgnIj5VQC&q=sneer ''Smirk, sneer, and scream: great acting in horror cinema'']. Mark Clark. McFarland, 2004. {{ISBN|0-7864-1932-6}}. p.96</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5O92XrQMbCYC&dq=Sneer+Vincent+Price&pg=PA3 ''Two for the Road: Our Love Affair with American Food'']. Michael Stern. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2007. {{ISBN|0-618-87268-X}}. pp.2-3</ref>
* 펑크 록 음악가 [[빌리 아이돌]]은 트레이드마크인 비웃음으로도 유명하다.
* [[해리 포터]] 이야기에서 [[드레이코 말포이]]와 [[죽음을 먹는 자|그의 아버지]]는 불길한 비웃음으로 악명이 높다. 이는 금전적, 권력 또는 가족적 지위가 부족하다고 판단되는 사람들에 대한 이들 캐릭터의 권리 의식과 경멸을 나타내는 것이다.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=-jtl-ZDxEFkC&q=sneers&pg=PA51 ''Critical Perspectives on Harry Potter'']. Elizabeth E. Heilman. Taylor & Francis, 2008. {{ISBN|0-415-96484-9}}. p.51</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=-__ICQemqaEC&dq=Draco+malfoy+sneer&pg=PA184 ''Reading Harry Potter: critical essays''].  Giselle Liza Anatol. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2003. {{ISBN|0-313-32067-5}}. p.184</ref>
* 한 명 이상의 평론가는 [[아메리칸 아이돌]] 및 [[브리튼스 갓 탤런트]]에서 볼 수 있는 것과 같은 [[대중문화]] 사법 패널이 불운한 참가자를 정기적으로 비웃는 것으로 묘사했다.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=WaBicMvGidsC&q=sneering&pg=PT275 ''YouTube and Video Marketing: An Hour a Day'']. Greg Jarboe. [[John Wiley and Sons]], 2009. {{ISBN|0-470-45969-7}}. p.245</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=qMJwVgETRf8C&dq=simon+cowell+sneer&pg=PA78 ''Edges: assessment for learning in English'']. Imelda Pilgrim, Lindsay McNab, Marian Slee, Cindy Torn. Heinemann, 2005. {{ISBN|0-435-22730-0}}. p.78</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5xAEAAAAMBAJ&q=sneering&pg=RA1-PA43 ''Billboard'']. May 4, 2002. p.43</ref>
* 캐나다의 TV 애니메이션 시리즈 더 라쿤스(The Raccoons)의 만화 캐릭터 시릴 스니어(Cyril Sneer)는 그의 이름을 딴('스니어'가 '비웃음'을 의미) 비웃음을 표출한다.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=us9kAAAAMAAJ&q=Cyril+Sneer ''Animated TV specials: the complete directory to the first twenty-five years'']. [[Scarecrow Press]], 1989. {{ISBN|0-8108-2198-2}}
</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=7iQEAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22Cyril+Sneer%22&pg=RA1-PA49 ''Billboard'']. Jul 26, 1986. p.K-19</ref>
* [[딕 체니]] 전 미국 부통령의 정치적 반대자들은 때때로 그가 자신들을 비웃는 표정으로 바라보는 것으로 인식하기도 했다.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=sHoEltj2QHsC&dq=sneer+dick+cheney&pg=PA62 ''Fog Facts: Searching for Truth in the Land of Spin'']. Larry Beinhart. [[Nation Books]], 2006. {{ISBN|1-56025-886-1}}. p.62</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=8ZWKZEq6t6oC&dq=%22Dick+Cheney%22+sneer&pg=PA2 ''Capitalists and conquerors: a critical pedagogy against empire'']. Peter McLaren. Rowman & Littlefield, 2005. {{ISBN|0-7425-4193-2}}. p.2</ref>

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

[[분류:표정]]