{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:Templo_funerario_de_Hatshepsut,_Luxor,_Egipto,_2022-04-03,_DD_13.jpg|섬네일]]
'''하트셉수트의 장제전'''(Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut, 이집트어: Ḏsr-ḏsrw는 "지성소"를 의미)은 [[이집트 제18왕조]]의 파라오 [[하트셉수트]] 통치 기간에 지어진 [[장제전]]이다. [[룩소르]]시 맞은편에 위치한 것으로 간주된다. 고대 건축물의 걸작이다. 세 개의 거대한 테라스가 사막 바닥 위로 솟아 있고 [[데르 엘 바하리]](Deir el-Bahari) 절벽으로 이어져 있다. 하트셉수트의 무덤인 KV20은 영안실 단지를 위한 피라미드인 [[엘 쿠른]](El Qurn)으로 덮인 동일한 중앙산괴 내부에 있다. 동쪽으로 1km 떨어진 사막 가장자리에 둑길로 단지와 연결되어 있는 계곡 사원이 있다. [[나일강]] 건너편에 있는 전체 구조물은 하트셉수트가 [[카르나크 신전]]에 추가한 가장 눈에 띄는 추가 건물이자 계곡의 아름다운 축제 행렬이 출발한 기념비적인 제8탑을 향하고 있다. 사원의 두 가지 기능은 축으로 식별된다. 주요 동서 축은 축제의 절정에 [[아문]]의 [[태양의 돛단배|범선]]을 받는 역할을 하는 반면, 남북 축은 대관식에서 환생까지 파라오의 생애주기를 나타낸다.

계단식 사원의 건설은 하트셉수트 재위 7년과 20년 사이에 이루어졌으며, 이 기간 동안 건축 계획은 반복적으로 수정되었다. 그 디자인은 6세기 전에 건설된 인접한 [[이집트 제11왕조]]의 [[멘투호테프 2세]] 사원의 영향을 많이 받았다. 그러나 방과 성소의 배열은 완전히 독특하다. 일반적으로 영안실 단지를 위해 예약된 주축은 대신 아문 바크의 성소로 채워지며, 영안실 숭배는 남쪽으로 옮겨져 북쪽의 태양 숭배 단지와 함께 보조 축을 형성한다. 중앙 테라스에는 [[하토르]](Hathor)와 [[아누비스]](Anubis)의 성지가 중앙 성소와 분리되어 있다. 여기 테라스 앞에 있는 현관에는 사원의 가장 눈에 띄는 부조가 있다. 푼트 땅 탐험과 하트셉수트의 신성한 탄생, 왕실의 일원이자 경건한 후손으로서 정당하게 왕좌를 차지하려는 그녀의 사건의 중추이다. 아래의 가장 낮은 테라스는 둑길과 계곡 사원으로 연결된다.

== 출처 ==
{{참고 자료 시작|30em}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Allen|first1=James P.|year=2005|title=Hatshepsut From Queen to Pharaoh|chapter=The Role of Amun|pages=83–85|editor-last1=Roehrig|editor-first1=Catharine|location=New York|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=1-58839-173-6}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Arnold|first1=Dieter|title=The Encyclopaedia of Ancient Egyptian Architecture|year=2003|location=London|publisher=I.B. Tauris|isbn=978-1-86064-465-8|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediaofa00diet}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Arnold|first1=Dieter|year=2005a|title=Hatshepsut From Queen to Pharaoh|chapter=The Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahri|pages=135–140|editor-last1=Roehrig|editor-first1=Catharine|location=New York|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=1-58839-173-6}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Arnold|first1=Dorothea|author-link=Dorothea Arnold|year=2005b|title=Hatshepsut From Queen to Pharaoh|chapter=The Destruction of the Statues of Hatshepsut from Deir el-Bahri|pages=270–276|editor-last1=Roehrig|editor-first1=Catharine|location=New York|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=1-58839-173-6}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Arnold|first1=Dorothea|year=2005c|title=Hatshepsut From Queen to Pharaoh|chapter=A Chronology: The Later History and Excavations of the Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahri|pages=290–293|editor-last1=Roehrig|editor-first1=Catharine|location=New York|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=1-58839-173-6}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Bárta|first1=Miroslav|title=Location of the Old Kingdom Pyramids in Egypt|journal=Cambridge Archaeological Journal|year=2005|volume=15|issue=2|pages=177–191|doi=10.1017/s0959774305000090|s2cid=161629772 }}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Bryan|first1=Betsy M.|chapter=The 18th Dynasty before the Amarna Period (c. 1550–1352 BC)|pages=207–264|editor-last=Shaw|editor-first=Ian|location=Oxford|title=The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt|year=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-815034-3|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordhisto00shaw}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Clayton|first1=Peter A.|author-link=Peter A. Clayton|title=Chronicle of the Pharaohs|year=1994|location=London|publisher=Thames & Hudson|isbn=978-0-500-05074-3|url=https://archive.org/details/chronicleofphara00clay}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Ćwiek|first1=Andrzej|year=2014|title=Old and Middle Kingdom Tradition in the Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari|pages=62–93|journal=Études et Travaux|publisher=Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych|volume=27|issn=2449-9579}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Dodson|first1=Aidan|last2=Hilton|first2=Dyan|year=2004|title=The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt|location=London|publisher=Thames & Hudson|isbn=0-500-05128-3}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Dorman|first1=Peter|year=2005|title=Hatshepsut From Queen to Pharaoh|chapter=The Proscription of Hatshepsut|pages=267–269|editor-last1=Roehrig|editor-first1=Catharine|location=New York|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=1-58839-173-6}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Grimal|first1=Nicolas|author-link=Nicolas Grimal|title=A History of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Blackwell Publishing|others=Translated by Ian Shaw|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-631-19396-8|year=1992}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Hart|first1=George|year=2005|title=The Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses|edition=2nd|location=London|publisher=Routledge|isbn=0-415-34495-6}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Iwaszczuk|first1=Jadwiga|year=2016|title=Sacred Landscape of Thebes during the Reign of Hatshepsut: Royal Construction Projects|volume=1|location=Warsaw|publisher=Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych Polskiej Akademii Nauk|isbn=978-83-948004-2-0}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Karkowski|first1=Janusz|year=2016|title='A Temple Comes to Being' : A Few Comments on the Temple Foundation Ritual|pages=111–123|journal=Études et Travaux|publisher=Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych|volume=29|issn=2449-9579}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Kasprzycka|first1=Katarzyna|year=2019|title=Reconstruction of the bases of sandstone sphinxes from the Temple of Queen Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari|pages=359–387|volume=28|issue=2|editor-last1=Zych|editor-first1=Iwona|journal=Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean|issn=2083-537X|doi=10.31338/uw.2083-537X.pam28.2.20|doi-access=free}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Leprohon|first1=Ronald J.|year=2013|title=The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary|volume=33|series=Writings from the ancient world|location=Atlanta|publisher=Society of Biblical Literature|isbn=978-1-58983-736-2}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Muller|first1=Maya|chapter=Afterlife|pages=1–7|editor-last=Redford|editor-first=Donald B.|editor-link=Donald B. Redford|year=2002|title=The Ancient Gods Speak: A Guide to Egyptian Religion|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0-19-515401-0}}
* {{웹 인용|last1=Pawlicki|first1=Franciszek|year=2007|title=History of PCMA research in Egypt|url=https://pcma.uw.edu.pl/en/centre-in-cairo/pcma-in-egypt-chronological-review/|publisher=Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology, University of Warsaw|access-date=August 9, 2021}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Pawlicki|first1=Franciszek|year=2017|title=The Main Sanctuary of Amun-Re in the Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari|url=https://pcma.uw.edu.pl/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Sanctuary-of-Amon-Re-in-the-Temple-of-Hatshepsut.pdf|location=Warsaw|publisher=Polish Center of Mediterranean Archaeology, University of Warsaw|isbn=978-83-94288-7-3-0}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Pirelli|first1=Rosanna|chapter=Deir el-Bahri, Hatshepsut temple|pages=275–280|editor-last=Bard|editor-first=Kathryn|editor-link=Kathryn A. Bard |year=1999|title=Encyclopedia of the archaeology of ancient Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaarch00bard|url-access=limited|location= London; New York|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-203-98283-9}}
* {{서적 인용|chapter=Egyptian King List|pages=621–622|editor-last=Redford|editor-first=Donald B.|editor-link=Donald B. Redford|year=2001|title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Volume 3|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-510234-5}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Robins|first1=Gay|year=1993|title=Women in Ancient Egypt|location=Cambridge, MA|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=0-674-95469-6}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Roehrig|first1=Catharine|year=2005a|title=Hatshepsut From Queen to Pharaoh|chapter=Foundation Deposits for the Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahri|pages=141–146|editor-last1=Roehrig|editor-first1=Catharine|location=New York|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=1-58839-173-6}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Roehrig|first1=Catharine|year=2005b|title=Hatshepsut From Queen to Pharaoh|chapter=The Two Tombs of Hatshepsut|pages=184–189|editor-last1=Roehrig|editor-first1=Catharine|location=New York|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=1-58839-173-6}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Roehrig|first1=Catharine H.|last2=Dreyfus|first2=Renée|last3=Keller|first3=Cathleen A.|year=2005|title=Hatshepsut From Queen to Pharaoh|chapter=Introduction|pages=3–7|editor-last1=Roehrig|editor-first1=Catharine|location=New York|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=1-58839-173-6}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Roth|first1=Ann Macy|year=2005|title=Hatshepsut From Queen to Pharaoh|chapter=Hatshepsut's Mortuary Temple at Deir el-Bahri: Architecture as Political Statement|pages=147–157|editor-last1=Roehrig|editor-first1=Catharine|location=New York|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=1-58839-173-6}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Roth|first1=Ann Macy|year=2005b|title=Hatshepsut From Queen to Pharaoh|chapter=Erasing a reign|pages=277–283|editor-last1=Roehrig|editor-first1=Catharine|location=New York|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=1-58839-173-6}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Schlögel|first1=Hermann|chapter=Aten|pages=156–158|editor-last=Redford|editor-first=Donald B.|editor-link=Donald B. Redford|year=2001|title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Volume 1|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-510234-5}}
* {{서적 인용|editor-last=Shaw|editor-first=Ian|location=Oxford|title=The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt|year=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-815034-3|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordhisto00shaw}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Strudwick|first1=Nigel|last2=Strudwick|first2=Helen|year=1999|title=Thebes in Egypt: A Guide to the Tombs and Temples of Ancient Luxor|edition=1st. publ.|location=Ithaca, NY|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=0-8014-3693-1}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Szafrański|first1=Zbigniew E.|year=2007|title=Seventy Years of Polish Archaeology in Egypt|chapter=Deir el-Bahari: Temple of Hatshepsut|url=https://pcma.uw.edu.pl/wp-content/uploads/template/main/img/lat70/book70_08.pdf|editor-last1=Laskowska-Kusztal|editor-first1=Ewa|location=Warsaw|publisher=Polish Center of Mediterranean Archaeology, University of Warsaw|isbn=978-83-903796-1-6}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Szafrański|first1=Zbigniew E.|year=2014|title=Creativity and Innovation in the Reign of Hatshepsut|chapter=The Exceptional Creativity of Hatshepsut|editor-last1=Galán|editor-first1=José M.|editor-last2=Bryan M.|editor-first2=Betsy|editor-last3=Dorman|editor-first3=Peter F.|location=Chicago, IL|publisher=Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago|isbn=978-1-61491-024-4}}
* {{저널 인용|last1=Szafrański|first1=Zbigniew E.|year=2018|title=Remarks on royal statues in the form of the god Osiris from Deir el-Bahari|pages=375–390|volume=27|issue=2|editor-last1=Zych|editor-first1=Iwona|journal=Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean|issn=2083-537X|doi=10.5604/01.3001.0013.3309|s2cid=202510175 |doi-access=free}}
* {{웹 인용|last1=Szymczak|first1=Agnieszka|date=April 10, 2019|title=Deir el-Bahari, Temple of Hatshepsut|url=https://pcma.uw.edu.pl/en/2019/04/10/deir-el-bahari-temple-of-hatshepsut/|publisher=Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology, University of Warsaw|access-date=August 9, 2021}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Teeter|first1=Emily|chapter=Divine Cults|pages=340–345|editor-last=Redford|editor-first=Donald B.|editor-link=Donald B. Redford|year=2001|title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Volume 1|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-510234-5}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Thompson|first1=Stephen E.|chapter=Cults: An Overview|pages=62–71|editor-last=Redford|editor-first=Donald B.|editor-link=Donald B. Redford|year=2002|title=The Ancient Gods Speak: A Guide to Egyptian Religion|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0-19-515401-0}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Troy|first1=Lana|chapter=Eighteenth Dynasty to the Amarna Period|pages=525–531|editor-last=Redford|editor-first=Donald B.|editor-link=Donald B. Redford|year=2001|title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Volume 2|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-510234-5}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=van Dijk|first1=Jacobus|chapter=The Armana Period and the Later New Kingdom (c.1352–1069 BC)|pages=265–307|editor-last=Shaw|editor-first=Ian|location=Oxford|title=The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt|year=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-815034-3|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordhisto00shaw}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Verner|first1=Miroslav|title=The Pyramids: The Mystery, Culture and Science of Egypt's Great Monuments|date=2001|publisher=Grove Press|location=New York|isbn=978-0-8021-1703-8|url=https://archive.org/details/pyramidscomplete00vern}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Wilkinson|first1=Richard H.|author-link=Richard H. Wilkinson|title=The Complete Temples of Ancient Egypt|year=2000|publisher=Thames & Hudson|location=New York|isbn=978-0-500-05100-9|url=https://archive.org/details/completetempleso00wilk}}
* {{서적 인용|last1=Yurco|first1=Frank J.|chapter=representational evidence, New Kingdom temples|pages=818–821|editor-last=Bard|editor-first=Kathryn|year=1999|title=Encyclopedia of the archaeology of ancient Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaarch00bard|url-access=limited|location= London; New York|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-203-98283-9}}
{{참고 자료 끝}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* [https://pcma.uw.edu.pl/en/2019/04/10/deir-el-bahari-temple-of-hatshepsut/ Polish-Egyptian Archaeological and Conservation Mission at the Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari]
* All Polish [https://debprojects.uw.edu.pl/en Deir el-Bahari Projects]
* [http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/82622/rec/1 Hatshepsut: from Queen to Pharaoh], an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut (see index)

{{전거 통제}}
[[분류:기원전 15세기 완공된 건축물]]
[[분류:이집트 신전]]