{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{About|황체 호르몬|약품으로서의 프로게스테론|호르몬으로서의 역할}}
{{About|메드록시프로게스테론 아세테이트||합성 프로게스토겐}}
{{Infobox drug
| Verifiedfields = verified
| Watchedfields = verified
| drug_name = Progesterone
| verifiedrevid = 444066687
| image = Progesterone.svg
| width = 225
| alt = 
| image2 = Progesterone-3D-balls.png
| width2 = 225
| alt2 = 

<!-- Clinical data -->
| pronounce = 
| tradename = Prometrium, Utrogestan, Endometrin, others
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|progesterone}}
| MedlinePlus = a604017
| DailyMedID = <!-- DailyMed may use generic or brand name (generic name preferred) -->
| pregnancy_AU = <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_AU_comment = 
| pregnancy_category = 
| routes_of_administration = [[Oral administration|By mouth]], [[Sublingual administration|sublingual]], [[Topical medication|topical]], [[Vaginal administration|vaginal]], [[Rectal administration|rectal]], [[Intramuscular injection|intramuscular]], [[Subcutaneous injection|subcutaneous]], [[Intrauterine device|intrauterine]]
| class = [[Progestogen (medication)|Progestogen]]; [[Antimineralocorticoid]]; [[Neurosteroid]]
| ATC_prefix = G03
| ATC_suffix = DA04
| ATC_supplemental = 

<!-- Legal status -->
| legal_AU = S4
| legal_AU_comment = 
| legal_BR = <!-- OTC, A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, D1, D2, E, F -->
| legal_BR_comment = 
| legal_CA = Rx-only
| legal_CA_comment =<ref>{{웹 인용| url=https://hpr-rps.hres.ca/reg-content/regulatory-decision-summary-detail.php?lang=en&linkID=RDS00517 | title=Regulatory Decision Summary for pms-Progesterone | work=Drug and Health Product Register | date=23 October 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용| title=Reproductive health | website=[[Health Canada]] | date=9 May 2018 | url=https://www.canada.ca/en/services/health/drug-health-products/drug-medical-device-highlights-2017/approved-drugs/reproductive-health.html| access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용| title=Health product highlights 2021: Annexes of products approved in 2021 | website=[[Health Canada]] | date=3 August 2022 | url=https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/publications/drugs-health-products/health-product-highlights-2021/appendices.html | access-date=25 March 2024}}</ref>
| legal_DE = <!-- Anlage I, II, III or Unscheduled -->
| legal_DE_comment = 
| legal_NZ = <!-- Class A, B, C -->
| legal_NZ_comment = 
| legal_UK = <!-- GSL, P, POM, CD, CD Lic, CD POM, CD No Reg POM, CD (Benz) POM, CD (Anab) POM or CD Inv POM / Class A, B, C -->
| legal_UK_comment = 
| legal_US = <!-- OTC / Rx-only / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V -->
| legal_US_comment = 
| legal_EU = 
| legal_EU_comment = 
| legal_UN = <!-- N I, II, III, IV / P I, II, III, IV -->
| legal_UN_comment = 
| legal_status = Rx-only

<!-- Pharmacokinetic data -->
| bioavailability = Oral: <2.4%<ref name="pmid10689005">{{저널 인용| vauthors = Levine H, Watson N | title = Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of crinone 8% administered vaginally versus Prometrium administered orally in postmenopausal women(3) | journal = Fertility and Sterility | volume = 73 | issue = 3 | pages = 516–521 | date = March 2000 | pmid = 10689005 | doi = 10.1016/S0015-0282(99)00553-1 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref><br />Vaginal (micronized insert): 4–8%<ref name="pmid30595525">{{저널 인용| vauthors = Griesinger G, Tournaye H, Macklon N, Petraglia F, Arck P, Blockeel C, van Amsterdam P, Pexman-Fieth C, Fauser BC | title = Dydrogesterone: pharmacological profile and mechanism of action as luteal phase support in assisted reproduction | journal = Reproductive Biomedicine Online | volume = 38 | issue = 2 | pages = 249–259 | date = February 2019 | pmid = 30595525 | doi = 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.11.017 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref><ref name="PandyaGopeenathan2016">{{저널 인용| vauthors = Pandya MR, Gopeenathan P, Gopinath PM, Das SK, Sauhta M, Shinde V |title=Evaluating the clinical efficacy and safety of progestogens in the management of threatened and recurrent miscarriage in early pregnancy-A review of the literature|journal=Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research|volume=3|issue=2|year=2016|pages=157|issn=2394-2746|doi=10.5958/2394-2754.2016.00043.6|s2cid=36586762}}</ref><ref name="pmid24606090">{{저널 인용| vauthors = Paulson RJ, Collins MG, Yankov VI | title = Progesterone pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics with 3 dosages and 2 regimens of an effervescent micronized progesterone vaginal insert | journal = The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism | volume = 99 | issue = 11 | pages = 4241–4249 | date = November 2014 | pmid = 24606090 | doi = 10.1210/jc.2013-3937 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref>
| protein_bound = 98–99%:<ref name="FritzSperoff2012">{{서적 인용| vauthors = Fritz MA, Speroff L | title = Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=KZLubBxJEwEC&pg=PA44 | date = 28 March 2012 | publisher = Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | isbn = 978-1-4511-4847-3 | pages = 44– }}</ref><ref name="MarshallD.2008">{{서적 인용| vauthors = Marshall WJ, Bangert SK | title = Clinical Chemistry | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Gjc704GR5YEC&pg=PA192 | year = 2008 | publisher = Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0-7234-3455-9|pages=192–}}</ref><br />• [[Human serum albumin|Albumin]]: 80%<br />• {{abbrlink|CBG|Corticosteroid-binding globulin}}: 18%<br />• {{abbrlink|SHBG|Sex hormone-binding globulin}}: <1%<br />• Free: 1–2%
| metabolism = Mainly [[liver]]:<br />• [[5α-Reductase|5α-]] and [[5β-reductase]]<br />• {{abbrlink|3α-|3α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase}} and {{abbrlink|3β-HSD|3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase}}<br />• {{abbrlink|20α-|20α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase}} and {{abbrlink|20β-HSD|20β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase}}<br />• [[Conjugation (biochemistry)|Conjugation]]<br />• [[17α-Hydroxylase]]<br />• [[21-Hydroxylase]]<br />• {{abbrlink|CYPs|Cytochrome P450|CYP}} (e.g., [[CYP3A4]])
| metabolites = • [[Dihydroprogesterone]]s<br />• [[Pregnanolone (disambiguation)|Pregnanolone]]s<br />• [[Pregnanediol]]s<br />• [[20α-Hydroxyprogesterone]]<br />• [[17α-Hydroxyprogesterone]]<br />• [[Pregnanetriol]]s<br />• [[11-Deoxycorticosterone]]<br />(and [[glucuronidation|glucuronide]]/[[sulfation|sulfate]] [[conjugation (biochemistry)|conjugates]])
| onset = 
| elimination_half-life = • Oral: 5 hours (with food)<ref name="pmid25944519">{{저널 인용| vauthors = Pickar JH, Bon C, Amadio JM, Mirkin S, Bernick B | title = Pharmacokinetics of the first combination 17β-estradiol/progesterone capsule in clinical development for menopausal hormone therapy | journal = Menopause | volume = 22 | issue = 12 | pages = 1308–1316 | date = December 2015 | pmid = 25944519 | pmc = 4666011 | doi = 10.1097/GME.0000000000000467 }}</ref><br />* Sublingual: 6–7 hours<ref name="ХомякМамчур2014">{{저널 인용| vauthors = Khomyak NV, Mamchur VI, Khomyak EV | date = 2014 | title = Клинико-фармакологические особенности современных лекарственных форм микронизированного прогестерона, применяющихся во время беременности. | trans-title = Clinical and pharmacological features of modern dosage forms of micronized progesterone used during pregnancy. | journal = Доровье | trans-journal = Health | volume = 4 | page = 90 | url = http://health-ua.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/MAZG2-2015_28-35.pdf }}</ref><br />• Vaginal: 14–50 hours<ref name="CrinoneLabel">{{웹 인용| title = Crinone® 4% and Crinone® 8% (progesterone gel) | work = Watson Pharma, Inc. | publisher = U.S. Food and Drug Administration | date = August 2013 | url = http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/020701s026lbl.pdf }}</ref><ref name="ХомякМамчур2014" /><br />• Topical: 30–40 hours<ref name="pmid9842983">{{저널 인용| vauthors = Mircioiu C, Perju A, Griu E, Calin G, Neagu A, Enachescu D, Miron DS | title = Pharmacokinetics of progesterone in postmenopausal women: 2. Pharmacokinetics following percutaneous administration | journal = European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics | volume = 23 | issue = 3 | pages = 397–402 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9842983 | doi = 10.1007/BF03192300 | s2cid = 32772029 }}</ref><br />• {{abbr|IM|Intramuscular injection}}: 20–28 hours<ref name="pmid8513955">{{저널 인용| vauthors = Simon JA, Robinson DE, Andrews MC, Hildebrand JR, Rocci ML, Blake RE, Hodgen GD | title = The absorption of oral micronized progesterone: the effect of food, dose proportionality, and comparison with intramuscular progesterone | journal = Fertility and Sterility | volume = 60 | issue = 1 | pages = 26–33 | date = July 1993 | pmid = 8513955 | doi = 10.1016/S0015-0282(16)56031-2 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref><ref name="CrinoneLabel" /><ref name="pmid26342177">{{저널 인용| vauthors = Cometti B | title = Pharmaceutical and clinical development of a novel progesterone formulation | journal = Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica | volume = 94 | issue = Suppl 161 | pages = 28–37 | date = November 2015 | pmid = 26342177 | doi = 10.1111/aogs.12765 | quote = The administration of progesterone in injectable or vaginal form is more efficient than by the oral route, since it avoids the metabolic losses of progesterone encountered with oral administration resulting from the hepatic first-pass effect (32). In addition, the injectable forms avoid the need for higher doses that cause a fairly large number of side-effects, such as somnolence, sedation, anxiety, irritability and depression (33). | s2cid = 31974637 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref><br />• {{abbr|SC|Subcutaneous injection}}: 13–18 hours<ref name="pmid26342177" /><br />• {{abbrlink|IV|Intravenous injection}}: 3–90 minutes<ref name="pmid945344">{{저널 인용| vauthors = Aufrère MB, Benson H | title = Progesterone: an overview and recent advances | journal = Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences | volume = 65 | issue = 6 | pages = 783–800 | date = June 1976 | pmid = 945344 | doi = 10.1002/jps.2600650602 }}</ref>
| duration_of_action = 
| excretion = [[Bile]] and [[urine]]<ref name="PrometriumLabel">{{웹 인용| title = Prometrium (progesterone, USP) Capsules 100 mg | work = Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | publisher = U.S. Food and Drug Administration | date = 1998 | url = http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/1998/20843lbl.pdf}}</ref><ref name="ProgesteroneIMLabel">{{웹 인용| title = Progesterone Injection USP in Sesame Oil for Intramuscular Use Only Rx Only | publisher = U.S. Food and Drug Administration | date = January 2007 | url = http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2007/017362s104lbl.pdf }}</ref>

<!-- Identifiers -->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 57-83-0
| CAS_supplemental = 
| PubChem = 5994
| IUPHAR_ligand = 2377
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00396
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 5773
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 4G7DS2Q64Y
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D00066
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 17026
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 103
| NIAID_ChemDB = 
| PDB_ligand = 
| synonyms = P4; Pregnenedione; Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione<ref>{{서적 인용| vauthors = Adler N, Pfaff D, Goy RW | title = Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology Volume 7 Reproduction | date = 6 December 2012 | publisher=Plenum Press | location = New York | isbn = 978-1-4684-4834-4 | page = 189 | edition = 1st | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=MoDrBwAAQBAJ&q=pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione;+abbreviated+as+P4&pg=PA189 | access-date = 4 July 2015 }}</ref>

<!-- Chemical and physical data -->
| IUPAC_name = (8''S'',9''S'',10''R'',13''S'',14''S'',17''S'')-17-acetyl-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[''a'']phenanthren-3-one
| C=21 | H=30 | O=2
| SMILES = CC(=O)[C@H]1CC[C@@H]2[C@@]1(CC[C@H]3[C@H]2CCC4=CC(=O)CC[C@]34C)C
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = InChI=1S/C21H30O2/c1-13(22)17-6-7-18-16-5-4-14-12-15(23)8-10-20(14,2)19(16)9-11-21(17,18)3/h12,16-19H,4-11H2,1-3H3/t16-,17+,18-,19-,20-,21+/m0/s1
| StdInChI_comment = 
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = RJKFOVLPORLFTN-LEKSSAKUSA-N
| density = 
| density_notes = 
| melting_point = 126
| melting_high = 
| melting_notes = 
| boiling_point = 
| boiling_notes = 
| solubility = 
| sol_units = 
| specific_rotation = [α]<sub>D</sub><sup>25</sup> = +172 to +182° (2% in [[dioxane]], β-form)
}}

'''프로게스테론'''(progesterone, P4)은 '''Prometrium''' 등의 브랜드 이름으로 판매되는 [[약품]]이며 천연적으로 발생하는 [[스테로이드 호르몬]]이다.<ref name="pmid16112947">{{저널 인용| vauthors = Kuhl H | title = Pharmacology of estrogens and progestogens: influence of different routes of administration | journal = Climacteric | volume = 8 | issue = Suppl 1 | pages = 3–63 | date = August 2005 | pmid = 16112947 | doi = 10.1080/13697130500148875 | s2cid = 24616324 }}</ref>

== 같이 보기 ==
{{위키공용분류}}
* [[에스트로겐]](estrogen)

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

{{스테로이드 호르몬}}

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:성호르몬]]
[[분류:인간의 성]]
[[분류:임신]]
[[분류:피임]]
[[분류:GABAA 양성 알로스테릭 조절자]]
[[분류:프로게스토겐]]
[[분류:간독소]]
[[분류:당질 코르티코이드]]
[[분류:글라이신 수용체 대항제]]
[[분류:뉴로스테로이드]]
[[분류:알켄 유도체]]
[[분류:5α-환원 효소 억제제]]
[[분류:프레그난]]
[[분류:전합성]]
[[분류:프레그난 X 수용체 작용제]]
[[분류:시상하부-뇌하수체-프로락틴 축 호르몬]]
[[분류:시상하부-뇌하수체-부신 축 호르몬]]
[[분류:시상하부-뇌하수체-생식샘 축 호르몬]]