{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{전쟁 정보
| 분쟁 = 티그라이 전쟁
| 전체 = [[에티오피아 내전 (2018년~현재)]]
| 그림 = Ethiopian Civil War (2020-present).svg
| 그림크기 = 400px
| 설명 = 2022년 11월 현재 티그라이 전쟁의 상황도<br />'''친정부군'''{{leftlegend|#fcadad|[[에티오피아]] 정부 및 지역 동맹군}}
{{leftlegend|#8b98f0ff|[[에리트레아]]}}
{{leftlegend|#cbc6d9|에티오피아 정부군과 에리트레아군}}
'''반정부군'''
{{leftlegend|#a8ed9d|[[티그라이 방위군]]}}
{{leftlegend|#ffff44|[[오로모 해방군]]}}
| 날짜 = 2020년 11월 3일~2022년 11월 3일
* 평화협정 이행 기간: 2022년 11월 3일~현재
| 장소 = [[에티오피아]], [[에리트레아]], [[수단]] [[알카디프]]
| 결과 = 에티오피아 정부의 승리<ref>{{뉴스 인용| url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-63503615 | title=Ethiopia civil war: Tigray truce a triumph for PM Abiy Ahmed | work=BBC News | date=3 November 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{뉴스 인용| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/02/world/africa/ethiopia-tigray-civil-war.html | title=Ethiopia and Tigray Forces Agree to Truce in Calamitous Civil War | work=The New York Times | date=2 November 2022 | last1=Walsh | first1=Declan | last2=Dahir | first2=Abdi Latif | last3=Chutel | first3=Lynsey }}</ref>
* 에티오피아 정부와 티그라이 인민해방전선 간의 평화 협정 및 무장해제<ref>{{뉴스 인용| url=https://nationalpost.com/pmn/news-pmn/african-union-agreement-reached-on-permanent-cessation-of-hostilities-in-ethiopia | title=African Union: Agreement reached on permanent cessation of hostilities in Ethiopia | newspaper=National Post | date=2 November 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{뉴스 인용| url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/african-union-parties-ethiopia-conflict-have-agreed-cease-hostilities-2022-11-02/ | title=Combatants in Ethiopia's Tigray war agree to stop fighting | newspaper=Reuters | date=2 November 2022 | last1=Winning | first1=Alexander | last2=Cocks | first2=Tim }}</ref>
* 2022년 11월 12일 나이로비 선언을 통한 휴전 협정<ref>https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/ethiopia-truce-implementation-start-immediately-mediator-says-2022-11-12/</ref><ref>https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/3983166/ethiopia-truce-implementation-start-%E2%80%98immediately%E2%80%99-mediator-says</ref><ref>https://www.ibtimes.com/ethiopia-rivals-agree-humanitarian-access-tigray-3635228</ref>
* 수단 일대로의 전쟁 확산
* 에리트레아군의 전쟁 지속
| 교전국1 = {{국기|에티오피아}}
* {{국기|암하라주}}
* {{국기|아파르주}}<ref>{{뉴스 인용|date=22 February 2021 |title=Regional Special Forces Pose Threat to Peace and Security in Ethiopia |work=Ipi Global Observatory |url=https://theglobalobservatory.org/2021/02/regional-special-forces-pose-threat-to-peace-and-security-ethiopia/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210222185024/https://theglobalobservatory.org/2021/02/regional-special-forces-pose-threat-to-peace-and-security-ethiopia/ |archive-date=22 February 2021}}</ref>
* {{국기|디레다와}}<ref name="mobilization">{{웹 인용|date=25 July 2021 |title=Ethiopia's Amhara state rallies residents to fight Tigrayans |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/7/25/ethiopias-amhara-state-rallies-residents-to-fight-tigrayans |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref>
* {{국기|베니샹굴구무즈주}}<ref name="EndeshawFlick">{{웹 인용|last1=Endeshaw |first1=Dawit |last2=Flick |first2=Maggie |date=19 July 2021 |title=Ethiopia's Tigray forces enter neighbouring Afar region, Afar says |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/ethiopias-tigray-forces-enter-neighbouring-afar-region-afar-says-2021-07-19/ |work=Reuters}}</ref>
* {{국기|감벨라주}}<ref name="EndeshawFlick"/>
* {{국기|하라리주}}<ref name="EndeshawFlick"/>
* {{국기|오로미아주}}<ref name="Endeshaw">{{뉴스 인용|last=Endeshaw |first=Dawit |date=16 July 2021 |title=Three more regions reinforce Ethiopia army, Amhara against Tigray forces |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/three-more-regions-reinforce-ethiopia-army-amhara-against-tigray-forces-2021-07-16/}}</ref>
* {{국기|시다마주}}<ref name="Endeshaw"/>
* {{국기|소말리주}}<ref name="EndeshawFlick"/>
* {{국기|남부국민민족인민주}}<ref>{{뉴스 인용|date=20 July 2021 |title=Ethiopia: Fear Tigray conflict could trigger all-out war |agency=DW |url=https://www.dw.com/en/ethiopia-fear-tigray-conflict-could-trigger-all-out-war/a-58566874}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|last=Endeshaw |first=Dawit |date=16 July 2021 |title=Three more regions reinforce Ethiopia army, Amhara against Tigray forces |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/three-more-regions-reinforce-ethiopia-army-amhara-against-tigray-forces-2021-07-16/ |work=Reuters}}</ref>
{{국기|에리트레아}}<ref>{{뉴스 인용|date=23 March 2021 |title=Ethiopian PM confirms Eritrean troops entered Tigray during conflict |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ethiopia-conflict-idUSKBN2BF1NT |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323223800/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ethiopia-conflict-idUSKBN2BF1NT |archive-date=23 March 2021}}</ref><ref name="aljazeera.com">{{웹 인용|date=17 April 2021 |title=Eritrea confirms its troops are fighting in Ethiopia's Tigray |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/4/17/eritrea-confirms-its-troops-are-fighting-ethiopias-tigray |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref><br/ >
'''지원국'''
* {{국기|아랍에미리트}}<ref>{{웹 인용|title=UAE air bridge provides military support to Ethiopia gov't |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/11/25/uae-air-bridge-provides-military-support-to-ethiopia-govt |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref name=":22">{{뉴스 인용|last=Walsh |first=Declan |date=2021-12-20 |title=Foreign Drones Tip the Balance in Ethiopia's Civil War |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/20/world/africa/drones-ethiopia-war-turkey-emirates.html |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
* {{국기|중화인민공화국}}<ref name="Toronto_Star_UAE">{{웹 인용|date=2022-01-30 |title=Ethiopian prime minister in UAE as Tigray war rages on |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/world/middleeast/2022/01/30/ethiopian-prime-minister-in-uae-as-tigray-war-rages-on.html |website=[[Toronto Star]] |language=en |agency=Associated Press}}</ref>
* {{국기|튀르키예}}<ref name=":22"/>
* {{국기|이란}}<ref name=":22"/>
| 교전국2 = {{국기나라 그림|Flag of the UFEFCF.svg}} [[에티오피아 연방주의군 및 연합주의군 연합전선|UFEFCF]] (2021–)<ref>{{뉴스 인용|last1=Pamuk |first1=Humeyra |last2=Fick |first2=Maggie |date=5 November 2021 |title=Ethiopian anti-government alliance says plans to dismantle government by force or negotiations |work=Reuters |editor-last=Toby Chopra |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/ethiopian-anti-government-alliance-says-plans-dismantle-government-by-force-or-2021-11-05/ }}</ref><ref name="Alliance">{{뉴스 인용|last1=Anna |first1=Cara |last2=Merchant |first2=Norman |date=5 November 2021 |title=Tigray, other groups form alliance against Ethiopia's leader |newspaper=The Washington Post |agency=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/several-ethiopian-armed-opposition-groups-to-form-alliance/2021/11/04/6be406ac-3dc7-11ec-bd6f-da376f47304e_story.html }}</ref>
* {{국기|티그라이주}}{{efn|티그라이주는 2020년부터 에티오피아군과 맞서 싸웠다.}}
* {{국기나라 그림|Flag of the Oromo Liberation Front.svg}} [[오로모 해방군|OLA]]<ref name="ap-20210811">{{웹 인용|last=Anna |first=Cara |date=11 August 2021 |title=Ethiopia armed group says it has alliance with Tigray forces |url=https://apnews.com/article/africa-only-on-ap-ethiopia-b280e6622d66b7e7f9b12cd1d0041ae8 |website=AP News}}</ref><ref name="scoop">{{웹 인용|date=25 August 2021 |title=Leaked EU Diplomatic Cable: Delegation of the European Union to Ethiopia |url=https://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/WO2108/S00224/leaked-eu-diplomatic-cable-delegation-of-the-european-union-to-ethiopia.htm |website=Scoop}}</ref>
* {{국기나라 그림|Flag of the Agew Liberation Front.svg}} 아규 해방전선<ref>{{웹 인용|last=Kifle |first=Shuwa |title=Zerbricht Äthiopien im Bürgerkrieg? |url=https://www.heise.de/tp/features/Zerbricht-Aethiopien-im-Buergerkrieg-6165789.html |website=heise online |language=de}}</ref>
* {{국기나라 그림|Flag of the Sidama Liberation Front.svg}} [[시다마 민족해방전선|SNLF]]<ref>{{웹 인용|date=23 August 2021 |title=The Sidama National Liberation Front to Join the Coalition of Resistance by the Federalist Forces |url=http://www.sidamanationalliberationfront.org/snlfjoinsfederalsits.html |website=Sidama National Liberation Front}}</ref>
* {{국기그림|소말리주}} [[소말리주 저항군]]<ref name="Alliance"/>
* {{국기그림|감벨라주}} 감벨라 인민해방군<ref>{{뉴스 인용|last1=Latif Dahir |first1=Abdi |last2=Jakes |first2=Lara |date=5 November 2021 |title=Eight Groups Join Tigray Rebels Vowing to Oust Ethiopia's Leader |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/05/world/africa/ethiopia-tigray-eight-groups.html }}</ref>
* {{국기나라 그림|Afar Revolutionary Democratic Unity Front, Logo.png}} [[아파르 혁명주의 민주통일전선|ARDUF]]<ref>{{웹 인용|date=1 February 2022|title=An Afar-based armed group parts its ways with TPLF-led alliance|url=https://myviewsonnews.net/an-afar-based-armed-group-parts-its-ways-with-tplf-led-alliance/ |website=My Views on News}}</ref>
* {{국기그림|베니샹굴구무즈주}} [[베니샹굴 인민해방운동|BPLM]]<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Benishangul Gumuz regional govt, rebel group sign peace agreement |url=https://addisstandard.com/news-benishangul-gumuz-regional-govt-rebel-group-sign-peace-agreement/ |website=Addis Standard |date=19 October 2022}}</ref>
* [[키만트 민주당]]<ref name="Alliance"/>
| 지휘관1 = {{국기그림|에티오피아}} [[아비 아머드]]<br/ >
{{국기그림|에티오피아}} [[비르하누 줄라]]<br/ >
{{국기그림|에티오피아}} [[아베보 타데세]]<br/ >
{{국기그림|에티오피아}} [[케니 야데타]]<br/ >
{{국기그림|에티오피아}} [[아브라함 비레]]<br/ >
{{국기그림|암하라주}} 티루네 테메스겐<br/ >
{{국기그림|암하라주}} 아게네후 테사게르<br/ >
{{국기그림|암하라주}} 일리칼 케팔레<br/ >
{{국기그림|아파르주}} 아올 아르바<br/ >
{{국기그림|에리트레아}} [[이사이아스 아페웨르키]]<br/ >
{{국기그림|에리트레아}} [[필리포스 올데요하네스]]
| 지휘관2 = {{국기그림|티그라이주}} [[데브레치온 게브레마이클]] <br/ >
{{국기그림|티그라이주}} [[페틀레워크 게브레치아베르]] <br/ >
{{국기그림|티그라이주}} [[차드칸 게브레텐세]] <br/ >
{{국기그림|티그라이주}} [[타데세 웨레데]] <br/ >
{{국기그림|티그라이주}} [[게타츄 레다]] <br/ >
{{국기나라 그림|Flag of the Oromo Liberation Front.svg}} [[쿰사 디리바]]
| 병력1 = {{국기그림|에티오피아}}{{국기그림|에리트레아}} ~500,000명 {{small|(2022년 10월 추산)}}<ref name=":27">{{웹 인용|last1=Chothia |first1=Farouk |last2=Bekit |first2=Teklemariam |date=19 October 2022 |title=Ethiopia civil war: Hyenas scavenge on corpses as Tigray forces retreat |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-63291747 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221022032616/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-63291747 |archive-date=22 October 2022 |website=[[BBC News]]}}</ref>
| 병력2 = {{국기그림|티그라이주}} ~200,000명 {{small|(2022년 10월 추산)}}<ref name=":27" />
| 사상자1 = {{국기|에티오피아}}
* 3,073명 사망, 4,473명 부상, 8,000명 포로<ref>{{뉴스 인용|date=6 September 2021 |title=Ethiopia's Tigray conflict: Thousands reported killed in clashes |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-58450223 }}</ref><ref>{{뉴스 인용|date=10 July 2021 |title=After battlefield reversals, what next for Ethiopia's Tigray war? |publisher=Al Jazeera |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/7/10/what-next-ethiopia-tigray-war }}</ref><br />
* MiG-23 2기 손실<ref>{{웹 인용|date=6 December 2020 |title=Aviation Occurrence N 267277 Mig-23 |url=https://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/267277 |website=Aviation Safety Network}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|last=Brhams |first=Jacob |date=30 November 2020 |title=Tigray Rebels Down Jet, Capture Pilot, One Day After Ethiopian Prime Minister Declares Victory |url=https://www.overtdefense.com/2020/11/30/tigray-rebels-down-jet-capture-pilot-one-day-after-ethiopian-prime-minister-declares-victory/ |website=Overt Defense}}</ref>
* Mi-35 2대 손실<ref>{{웹 인용|date=22 April 2021 |title=TDF downed A Mi-35 helicopter in central Tigray |url=https://www.globaldefensecorp.com/2021/04/23/tplf-shot-down-mi-35-helicopter/ |website=Global Defense Corp}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=Accident Mil Mi-35, 20 Apr 2021 |url=https://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/253745 |website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref><ref>{{뉴스 인용|date=12 November 2021 |title=فيديو : قوات دفاع تجراى تسقط مروحية عسكرية اثيوبية وتفتح جبهة قتال جديدة فى محافظة "شرق كوجام" |agency=farajat |url=https://www.farajat.net/ar/%d9%82%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%af%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b9-%d8%aa%d8%ac%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%89-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%82%d8%b7-%d9%85%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b3%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%ab%d9%8a/ }}</ref>
* C-130 1기 손실<ref>{{웹 인용|date=6 June 2021 |title=Ethiopia: C-130 aircraft downed south of Tigray region |url=https://www.monde24.com/%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B7-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2-c-130-%D8%AC%D9%86/ |website=monde24.com |language=ar}}</ref>
{{국기|에리트레아}} 불명
| 사상자2 = {{국기|티그라이주}}
* 5,600명 사망, 2,300명 부상, 2,000명 포로<ref>{{뉴스 인용|date=4 September 2021 |title=Ethiopia: Thousands of Tigray rebels killed, military claims |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-58450223 }}</ref>
| 기타 = 유엔군 3명 및 지원자 21명 사망<ref>{{웹 인용|date=1 September 2020 |title=HC a.i. statement on the killing of 23 aid workers in the Tigray region since the start of the crisis |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/ethiopia/hc-ai-statement-killing-23-aid-workers-tigray-region-start-crisis |website=Relief Web}}</ref><br />
875,879명 이상의 피난민<ref name=":30" /> (20,000명 실종)<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Ethiopia: UN says 20,000 refugees missing in Tigray |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/2/2/ethiopia-un-says-20000-refugees-missing-in-tigray |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204120050/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/2/2/ethiopia-un-says-20000-refugees-missing-in-tigray |archive-date=4 February 2021 |publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref><br />
2,750,000명의 [[국내실향민]]<ref name=":30" /><br />
13,000,000명이 인도적 지원이 필요함<ref name="Reuters_13_million_starving" /><br/ >
'''총 사망자''':<br/ >
385,000명~600,000명 이상 ([[겐트 대학교]] 기준)<ref name="Ghent_death_toll">{{웹 인용|last=York |first=Geoffrey |date=October 21, 2022 |title=Surge of dehumanizing hate speech points to mounting risk of mass atrocities in northern Ethiopia, experts say |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-surge-of-dehumanizing-hate-speech-points-to-mounting-risk-of-mass/ |url-access=registration |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221022002129/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-surge-of-dehumanizing-hate-speech-points-to-mounting-risk-of-mass/ |archive-date=October 22, 2022 |website=[[The Globe and Mail]] |quote=Independent scholars, based at Ghent University in Belgium, suggest that the death toll in Tigray is now between 385,000 and 600,000.}}</ref><br/ >
700,000명~800,000명 (아두라만 사브드의 분석)<ref name=":27"/>
| 전역상자 = 
}}
'''티그라이 전쟁'''은 2020년 11월 2일부터{{Efn|몇몇 기사는 전쟁이 11월 4일에 시작되었다고 언급하지만<ref>{{뉴스 인용|date=2021-06-29 |title=Ethiopia's Tigray war: The short, medium and long story |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-54964378 |quote=The conflict started on 4 November…}}</ref> 가장 빠른 전투는 [[동아프리카 시간|EAT]] ([[UTC+03:00]]) 11월 3일 늦은 시간대에 벌어졌다고 보고되었다.<ref name="ThomReut_SeroNov_2020">{{뉴스 인용|date=17 December 2020 |title=Inside a military base in Ethiopia's Tigray: soldiers decry betrayal by former comrades |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ethiopia-conflict-attack-idUSKBN28R1IE |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201217225827/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ethiopia-conflict-attack-idUSKBN28R1IE |archive-date=17 December 2020 |quote=The government says fighters loyal to the TPLF attacked federal military bases at multiple locations in Tigray early on Nov. 4 after jamming communications […] Lt. Gen. Bacha Debele said radio communications were cut […] at 10:00 p.m. on Nov. 3.}}</ref><ref name="BBC_4Nov_2witnesses">{{뉴스 인용|date=10 December 2020 |title=Ethiopia's Tigray crisis: How a soldier survived an 11-hour gun battle |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55215431 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201210063925/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55215431 |archive-date=10 December 2020 |quote=At around 23.30 on 3 November, I, and other soldiers, received text messages from our comrades at the base […] saying: 'We are surrounded. If you can come and rescue us, come.'}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|date=26 July 2022 |title=Ethiopia war: UN investigative Human rights commission debuts 6-day visit |url=https://www.africanews.com/2022/07/26/ethiopia-war-un-investigative-human-rights-commission-debuts-6-day-visit// |website=Africanews |quote=The [commission] is mandated […] to 'conduct a thorough and impartial investigation into allegations of violations and abuses of international human rights law […] in Ethiopia committed since 3 November 2020 by all parties to the conflict' |agency=AFP}}</ref>}} 2022년 11월 3일까지 벌어진 전쟁이었다.<ref>{{웹 인용|date=3 November 2022 |title=Ethiopia peace deal hailed as a ‘new dawn’ |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/11/3/how-did-the-world-react-to-the-ethiopia-peace-deal |website=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref name=":32">{{웹 인용|date=2 November 2022 |title=Agreement for Lasting Peace through a Permanent Cessation of Hostilities between the Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and the Tigray People's Liberation Front |url=https://addisstandard.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/AU-led-Ethiopia-Peace-Agreement.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221111111115/https://addisstandard.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/AU-led-Ethiopia-Peace-Agreement.pdf |archive-date=11 November 2022 |website=Addis Standard |quote=This Agreement shall come into effect at 00:00 hours East Africa Time (EAT) on 3rd November 2022.}}</ref> 에티오피아 정부와 [[에리트레아]] 연합군이 [[티그라이 인민해방전선]](TPLF)과 [[에티오피아]] [[티그라이주]] 일대에서 주로 전투를 벌였다.<ref>{{웹 인용|last1=Paravicini |first1=Giulia |last2=Endeshaw |first2=Dawit |date=4 November 2020 |title=Ethiopia sends army into Tigray region, heavy fighting reported |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ethiopia-conflict/ethiopia-sends-army-into-tigray-region-heavy-fighting-reported-idUSKBN27K0ZS?il=0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119083250/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ethiopia-conflict/ethiopia-sends-army-into-tigray-region-heavy-fighting-reported-idUSKBN27K0ZS?il=0 |archive-date=19 November 2020 |work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|date=8 December 2020 |title=Exclusive: U.S. thinks Eritrea has joined Ethiopian war, diplomats say |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/ethiopia-conflict-eritrea/exclusive-u-s-thinks-eritrea-has-joined-ethiopian-war-diplomats-say-idUSKBN28I1OX |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209024950/https://www.reuters.com/article/ethiopia-conflict-eritrea/exclusive-u-s-thinks-eritrea-has-joined-ethiopian-war-diplomats-say-idUSKBN28I1OX |archive-date=9 December 2020 |work=Reuters}}</ref>

TPLF와 에티오피아 정부 및 에리트레아 사이의 긴장이 고조되는 동안, 티그라이 방위군이 에티오피아 북부사령부를 비롯한 티그라이 내 에티오피아 군사 기지들을 공격하면서 전쟁이 시작되었다.<ref name=":12">{{웹 인용|last=Kirby |first=Jen |date=24 April 2021 |title="Dying by blood or by hunger": The war in Ethiopia's Tigray region, explained |url=https://www.vox.com/22370629/ethiopia-tigray-eritrea-amhara-war-ethnic-cleansing |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027231224/https://www.vox.com/22370629/ethiopia-tigray-eritrea-amhara-war-ethnic-cleansing |archive-date=27 October 2022 |access-date= |website=Vox}}</ref>  에리트레아 방위군(EDF)이 북쪽에서 공격을 시작하는 동안 에티오피아 국방군은 남쪽에서 반격을 가했고, 에티오피아 총리 [[아비 아머드]]는 "법을 집행하는 작전"이라고 설명했다.<ref>{{뉴스 인용|title=The conflict in Ethiopia |work=Reuters |url=https://graphics.reuters.com/ETHIOPIA-CONFLICT/xklpyjmndvg/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201219173130/https://graphics.reuters.com/ETHIOPIA-CONFLICT/xklpyjmndvg/ |archive-date=19 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|date=9 November 2020 |title=Concern of Outright War in Ethiopia Grows as PM Presses Military Offensive |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_concern-outright-war-ethiopia-grows-pm-presses-military-offensive/6198127.html |website=Voice of America |language=en |agency=Reuters}}</ref> 에티오피아 연합군은 11월 28일 티그라이주의 주도 [[메켈레]]를 점령했고, 아비는 작전이 "끝났다"고 선언했다.<ref>{{뉴스 인용|date=28 November 2020 |title=Ethiopia says military operation in Tigray region is over, hunt for Tigray leaders begins |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/ethiopia-conflict/ethiopia-says-military-operation-in-tigray-region-is-over-hunt-for-tigray-leaders-begins-idINKBN288098 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112165419/https://www.reuters.com/article/ethiopia-conflict/ethiopia-says-military-operation-in-tigray-region-is-over-hunt-for-tigray-leaders-begins-idINKBN288098 |archive-date=12 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{뉴스 인용|date=28 November 2020 |title=Ethiopia's Tigray crisis: Army 'takes regional capital of Mekelle' |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55111061 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128014005/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55111061 |archive-date=28 November 2020 |quote=Mr Abiy said the army was in full control and that this "marks the completion of the [military's] last phase".}}</ref> 그러나 티그라이 정부는 곧 "침략자들"이 축출될 때까지 전투를 계속할 것이라고 말했다.<ref name="france24_ref_1">{{웹 인용|date=15 December 2020 |title=Ethiopia: 'We are in our homeland, the invaders are attacking us,' says Tigray's Gebremichael |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20201205-ethiopia-we-are-in-our-homeland-the-invaders-are-attacking-us-says-tigray-s-gebremichael |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216215210/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20201205-ethiopia-we-are-in-our-homeland-the-invaders-are-attacking-us-says-tigray-s-gebremichael |archive-date=16 December 2020 |website=[[France 24]] |quote=[[Debretsion Gebremichael]] told France 24 that [Tigray] would continue fighting as long as federal 'invaders' are on Tigrayan soil. […] [He] believes neighbouring Eritrea is playing a key role in the conflict. 'They already have 16 divisions in Tigray. They are fighting on the side of the federal army... They have a united front against us. Wherever you go, they are there.'}}</ref><ref>{{뉴스 인용|date=1 December 2020 |title=In Ethiopia, Abiy Ahmed's forces have won the battle but not the war |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2020/12/01/in-ethiopia-abiy-ahmeds-forces-have-won-the-battle-but-not-the-war |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202122658/https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2020/12/01/in-ethiopia-abiy-ahmeds-forces-have-won-the-battle-but-not-the-war |archive-date=2 December 2020 |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> 2021년 6월 28일, 티그라이 방위군은 메켈레를 탈환했고, 같은 해 7월에는 암하라주와 아파르주로 진격했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Ethiopia's government announce ceasefire as Tigrayan troops retake region's capital |date=28 June 2021 |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/28/world/ethiopian-forces-mekelle-intl-latam/index.html |work=CNN}}</ref> 2021년 11월 초, 티그라이 방위군은 [[오로모 해방군]](OLA)과 함께 티그라이주에서 [[아디스아바바]]로 향하는 남쪽 고속도로 근처의 여러 마을을 장악했고, TPLF는 "수도로 진군하는 것을 고려했다"고 밝혔다.<ref name="ThomReut_Tigrayan_Oromo_seized_towns">{{뉴스 인용|date=1 November 2021 |title=Tigrayan and Oromo forces say they have seized towns on Ethiopian highway |work=[[Reuters]] |editor-last=David Evans |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/tigrayan-forces-say-they-have-seized-another-town-ethiopias-amhara-region-2021-10-31 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105231347/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/tigrayan-forces-say-they-have-seized-another-town-ethiopias-amhara-region-2021-10-31 |archive-date=5 November 2021 |editor2=Angus MacSwan}}</ref><ref name="Guardian_ET_state_emergency">{{뉴스 인용|last=Wintour |first=Patrick |date=2 November 2021 |title=Ethiopia declares state of emergency as Tigrayan rebels gain ground |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/nov/02/ethiopia-declares-state-of-emergency-as-tigray-rebels-gain-ground |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107034722/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/nov/02/ethiopia-declares-state-of-emergency-as-tigray-rebels-gain-ground |archive-date=7 November 2021}}</ref> TPLF와 오로모 해방군은 7개의 소규모 반군 단체와 함께 "아비 정권을 무력이나 협상으로 해체하고 과도기적인 정부를 형성하는 것"을 목표로 [[에티오피아 연방주의군 및 연합주의군 연합전선|동맹]]을 선언했다.<ref>{{뉴스 인용|last1=Parivicini |first1=Giulia |last2=Flick |first2=Maggie |date=11 August 2021 |title=Ethiopia's Tigray forces seek new military alliance |work=[[Reuters]] |editor-last=Giles Elgood |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/ethiopias-tigray-forces-seek-new-military-alliance-2021-08-11 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001062059/https://www.reuters.com/world/ethiopias-tigray-forces-seek-new-military-alliance-2021-08-11 |archive-date=1 October 2021 |editor2=Mark Heinrich}}</ref>

반군 연합군에 맞선 정부의 반격과 TPLF와의 일련의 협상이 성공한 후, 에티오피아는 2022년 3월 24일 티그라이에 인도적 지원을 제공하기 위해 무기한 인도주의적 휴전을 선언했다.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{웹 인용|date=24 March 2022 |title=Ethiopia declares unilateral truce to allow aid into Tigray |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/3/24/ethiopia-declares-truce-to-allow-aid-into-tigray |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref> 그러나 평화 회담이 결렬된 이후 2022년 8월 말 전투가 급격히 재개되었다.<ref name="Guardian_resumed_Aug2022">{{웹 인용|date=24 August 2022 |title=Fighting in northern Ethiopia shatters months-long truce |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/aug/24/fighting-in-northern-ethiopia-shatters-months-long-truce-tigray |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011192355/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/aug/24/fighting-in-northern-ethiopia-shatters-months-long-truce-tigray/ |archive-date=11 October 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]] |agency=[[Agence France-Presse]]}}</ref> 에티오피아, 에리트레아, 티그라이가 같은 해 10월까지 수십만명의 병력을 징집한 것으로 알려졌다.<ref name=":27" /> 수 차례의 평화 협상 및 중재를 거친 뒤, 에티오피아 정부와 티그라이 반군은 11월 2일 [[에티오피아-티그라이 평화협상|강화 조약]]을 체결했고, 다음 날 조약을 발효했다. 그러나 에리트레아는 조약 가맹국이 아니었으며,<ref name=":32" /> 에리트레아의 입장 역시 불분명했다.<ref name=":31">{{뉴스 인용|last=Winning |first=Alexander |last2=Cocks |first2=Tim |date=2022-11-02 |title=Parties in Ethiopia conflict agree to cease hostilities |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/african-union-parties-ethiopia-conflict-have-agreed-cease-hostilities-2022-11-02/ }}</ref>

모든 측, 특히 에티오피아 국방군, 에리트레아 방위군, 티그라이 방위군은 분쟁 기간 동안 전쟁 범죄를 저질렀다.<ref name=":2">{{웹 인용|date=11 February 2021 |title=Ethiopia: Unlawful Shelling of Tigray Urban Areas |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/02/11/ethiopia-unlawful-shelling-tigray-urban-areas |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214052754/https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/02/11/ethiopia-unlawful-shelling-tigray-urban-areas |archive-date=14 February 2021 |publisher=Human Rights Watch}}</ref><ref>{{뉴스 인용|last1=Dahir |first1=Abdi Latif |last2=Hicks |first2=Tyler |date=9 December 2020 |title=Fleeing Ethiopians Tell of Ethnic Massacres in Tigray War |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/09/world/africa/ethiopia-tigray-sudan.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210004114/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/09/world/africa/ethiopia-tigray-sudan.html |archive-date=10 December 2020 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="EHRC_Preliminary">{{웹 인용|date=November 24, 2020 |title=Rapid Investigation into Grave Human Rights Violation Maikadra - Preliminary Findings |url=https://ehrc.org/ethiopian-human-rights-commission-rapid-investigation-into-grave-human-rights-violation-maikadra-preliminary-findings/ |website=[[Ethiopian Human Rights Commission]]}}</ref><ref>{{뉴스 인용|last1=Nebehay |first1=Stephanie |last2=Endeshaw |first2=Dawit |date=3 November 2021 |title=Joint UN, Ethiopia rights team: all sides committed abuses in Tigray |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/cop/un-ethiopia-rights-commission-release-report-abuses-tigray-2021-11-03/ }}</ref> [[악숨 학살|악숨]],<ref name="Amnesty_Aksum_massacre_26Feb2021">{{웹 인용|date=26 February 2021 |title=The massacre in Axum |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2021/02/ethiopia-eritrean-troops-massacre-of-hundreds-of-axum-civilians-may-amount-to-crime-against-humanity |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226160802/https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/AFR2537302021ENGLISH.PDF |archive-date=26 February 2021 |publisher=[[Amnesty International]]}}</ref> [[보라 학살|보라]],<ref name=":0" /> [[첸나 학살|첸나]],<ref>{{뉴스 인용|last= |date=2021-09-09 |title=Tigray forces killed 120 civilians in village in Amhara - Ethiopia officials |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/tigray-forces-killed-120-civilians-amhara-village-ethiopia-officials-2021-09-08/}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|date=2022-02-16|title=Ethiopia: Tigrayan forces murder, rape and pillage in attacks on civilians in Amhara towns|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2022/02/ethiopia-tigrayan-forces-murder-rape-and-pillage-in-attacks-on-civilians-in-amhara-towns/ |website=Amnesty International|language=en}}</ref> [[코보 학살|코보]],<ref>{{웹 인용|date=2021-09-26 |title='Then the killing started': Witnesses accuse Tigray fighters |url=https://apnews.com/article/africa-kenya-nairobi-ethiopia-7a8b7aa08db4e0710105bc36a8321298 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210926011834/https://apnews.com/article/africa-kenya-nairobi-ethiopia-7a8b7aa08db4e0710105bc36a8321298 |archive-date=2021-09-26 |website=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref><ref name=":1b">{{웹 인용|date=2021-12-09 |title=Ethiopia: Tigray Forces Summarily Execute Civilians |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/12/10/ethiopia-tigray-forces-summarily-execute-civilians |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217041922/https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/12/10/ethiopia-tigray-forces-summarily-execute-civilians |archive-date=2022-02-17 |website=Human Rights Watch |language=en}}</ref> [[히차스 학살|히차스 난민캠프]],<ref name="EEPA_No51_10Jan2021">{{웹 인용|date=10 January 2021 |title=Situation Report EEPA HORN No. 51 – 10 January 2021 |url=https://www.eepa.be//wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Situation-Report-EEPA-Horn-No.-51-10-January-2021.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111181059/https://www.eepa.be//wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Situation-Report-EEPA-Horn-No.-51-10-January-2021.pdf |archive-date=11 January 2021 |website=[[Europe External Programme with Africa]]}}</ref> [[후메라 학살|후메라]],<ref name="Guard_people_dying">{{뉴스 인용|last=Akinwotu |first=Emmanuel |date=2 December 2020 |title='I saw people dying on the road': Tigray's traumatised war refugees |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2020/dec/02/tigray-war-refugees-ethiopia-sudan |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201202185821/https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2020/dec/02/tigray-war-refugees-ethiopia-sudan |archive-date=2 December 2020}}</ref> [[마이카드라 학살|마이카드라]],<ref name="EHRC_Preliminary" /><ref>{{뉴스 인용|last=Schipani |first=Andres |date=4 December 2020 |title=Refugees flee Ethiopia's brutal war with tales of atrocities on both sides |work=[[Financial Times]] |url=https://www.ft.com/content/31bd995c-5991-4247-9f69-cea858895fb1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201204104758/https://www.ft.com/content/31bd995c-5991-4247-9f69-cea858895fb1 |archive-date=4 December 2020}}</ref> [[데브레앱배이 학살|데브레앱배이]] 수도원,<ref name=":0">{{웹 인용|last=Kassa |first=Lucy |last2=Bulos |first2=Nabih |date=March 23, 2021 |title=In an out-of-sight war, a massacre comes to light |url=https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2021-03-19/ethiopia-tigray-war-massacre-bora |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220323235757/https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2021-03-19/ethiopia-tigray-war-massacre-bora |archive-date=March 23, 2022 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|last=Mas |first=Liselotte |date=March 12, 2021 |title=Ethiopia: video of Tigray massacre lifts lid on 'war without photos' |url=https://observers.france24.com/en/africa/20210312-ethiopia-tigray-video-massacre-war-mai-harmaz-investigation |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811170546/https://observers.france24.com/en/africa/20210312-ethiopia-tigray-video-massacre-war-mai-harmaz-investigation |archive-date=August 11, 2022 |website=[[France 24|France 24 (The Observers)]]}}</ref> [[잘람베사 학살|잘람베사]]<ref name="ap20211115">{{웹 인용|date=2021-11-15 |title='You can't even cry loudly': Counting Ethiopia's war dead |url=https://apnews.com/article/Counting-Ethiopias-War-Dead-ee2b9ad16ce952a5543f0d767c109104 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref>를 포함한 전 지역에서 민간인에 대한 대규모 초법적 살인이 발생했다. 385,000명에서 600,000명이 사망한 것으로 추정되며,<ref name="Ghent_death_toll" /> 전쟁 강간은 8세의 소녀들과 72세의 여성들이 강간을 당하는 "일상적인" 사건이 되었다.<ref>{{웹 인용|date=14 May 2021 |title=Rape is being used as weapon of war in Ethiopia, say witnesses |url=http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/may/14/rape-used-as-weapon-war-tigray-ethiopia-witnesses |website=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|last=Akinwotu |first=Emmanuel |date=11 August 2021 |title='Like I wasn't a person': Ethiopian forces accused of systematic rape in Tigray |url=http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/aug/11/like-i-wasnt-a-person-ethiopian-forces-accused-of-systematic-in-tigray |url-status=live |website=The Guardian}}</ref> 전쟁의 결과로 널리 퍼진 기근<ref>{{웹 인용|date=2022-01-14 |title=Ethiopia: Tigray on brink of humanitarian disaster, UN says |url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/jan/14/ethiopia-tigray-on-brink-of-humanitarian-disaster-un-says |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Reuters_13_million_starving">{{웹 인용|last=Paravicini |first=Giulia |date=August 20, 2022 |title=Nearly half the people in Ethiopia's Tigray in 'severe' need of food aid, World Food Programme says |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/nearly-half-people-ethiopias-tigray-need-food-aid-wfp-2022-08-19/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011115256/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/nearly-half-people-ethiopias-tigray-need-food-aid-wfp-2022-08-19/ |archive-date=October 11, 2022 |website=[[Reuters]]}}</ref>
과 더불어 주요 인도주의적 위기가 발생했다.<ref name=":30">{{웹 인용|date=29 October 2022 |title=UNICEF Ethiopia Humanitarian Situation Report No. 9 - September 2022 |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/ethiopia/unicef-ethiopia-humanitarian-situation-report-no-9-september-2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030154329/https://reliefweb.int/report/ethiopia/unicef-ethiopia-humanitarian-situation-report-no-9-september-2022 |archive-date=30 October 2022 |website=[[ReliefWeb]] |publisher=[[UNICEF]]}}</ref>

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[에티오피아-에리트레아 전쟁]]
* [[에티오피아 내전]]
* [[휴먼 라이츠 워치]]
== 각주 ==
=== 참조주 ===
{{각주}}
=== 내용주 ===
{{notelist}}

[[분류:2020년 분쟁]]
[[분류:2021년 분쟁]]
[[분류:2022년 분쟁]]
[[분류:2020년 에티오피아]]
[[분류:2021년 에티오피아]]
[[분류:2022년 에티오피아]]
[[분류:2020년 에리트레아]]
[[분류:2021년 에리트레아]]
[[분류:2022년 에리트레아]]
[[분류:아프리카의 내전]]
[[분류:에티오피아가 참전한 전쟁]]
[[분류:에리트레아가 참전한 전쟁]]
[[분류:에티오피아의 정치적 억압]]
[[분류:아파르주]]
[[분류:암하라주]]
[[분류:티그라이주]]
[[분류:에리트레아-에티오피아 관계]]
[[분류:수단-에티오피아 관계]]
[[분류:수단-에리트레아 관계]]