{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
'''오스트레일리아의 인구'''는 2021년 7월 15일 기준 2583만 명으로, [[오세아니아]] 지역에서 가장 많으며, 전 세계에서 [[인구순 나라 목록|52번째]]로 인구가 많은 국가이다.
[[파일:Australia population.svg|섬네일|283x283픽셀|1560-2017 [[오스트레일리아]]의 인구. 단위는 백만 명.]]아래 표에서, 1961년 이전의 통계에서는 원주민 인구는 통계에 포함되지 않았다. 유럽인이 정착하기 전의 원주민 인구는 30만-100만 명이었던 것으로 추산되며, 고고학적 발견물로, 지속 가능한 최대 인구는 75만 여명이었던 것으로 나타났다.<ref name="ABS 2002 Yr Bk">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/94713ad45ff1425ca25682000192af2/bfc28642d31c215cca256b350010b3f4!OpenDocument|title=Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population|date=20 August 2007|work=1301.0 – Year Book Australia, 2002|publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics|access-date=21 October 2009}}</ref> 통계 가능한 지역에서의 인구는, 인구 조사 통계에 포함되었다.{{Historical populations|1788|18=1,539,552|percentages=pagr|source=<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3105.0.65.0012014?OpenDocument|title=TABLE 1.1. Population by sex, states and territories, 31 December 1788 onwards|date=23 May 2014|access-date=8 July 2019}}</ref>|subbox=y|cols=1|align=right|width=14em|type=Australia|title=|24=3,664,715|23=1898|22=2,981,677|21=1888|20=2,092,164|19=1878|17=1868|859|16=1,050,828|15=1858|14=332,328|13=1848|12=151,868|11=1838|10=58,197|9=1828|8=25,859|7=1818|6=10,263|5=1808|4=4,588|1798|pop_name=비원주민 인구}}{{Historical populations|1901|43=2006|32=14,033,083|33=1981|34=14,923,260|35=1986|36=16,018,350|37=1991|38=17,284,036|39=1996|40=18,224,767|41=2001|42=18,769,249|44=19,855,288|30=13,067,265|45=2011|46=21,507,717|47=2016|48={{formatnum:23401892}}|title=|type=Australia|align=right|width=14em|cols=1|subbox=y|source=<ref name="ABSPostFederation">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3105.0.65.0012014?OpenDocument|title=TABLE 1.2. Population by sex, states and territories, 30 June 1901 onwards|publisher=[[Australian Bureau of Statistics]]|date=23 May 2014|access-date=8 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Census 2001 AUS|id=0|name=Australia|accessdate=24 January 2016|quick=on}}</ref><ref>{{Census 2006 AUS|id=0|name=Australia|accessdate=24 January 2016|quick=on}}</ref><ref>{{Census 2011 AUS|id=0|name=Australia|accessdate=24 January 2016|quick=on}}</ref><ref>{{Census 2016 AUS|id=0|name=Australia|accessdate=13 July 2017|quick=on}}</ref>|pop_name=전체 인구|31=1976|29=1971|3,788,123|14=6,526,485|1906|4,059,083|1911|4,489,545|1916|4,943,173|1921|5,455,136|1926|6,056,360|1931|15=1936|28=11,599,498|16=6,778,372|17=1941|18=7,109,898|19=1946|20=7,465,157|21=1951|22=8,421,775|23=1956|24=9,425,563|25=1961|26=10,548,267|27=1966|footnote=1961년 이전은 원주민 인구가 포함되지 않았음}}

== 인구학적 동향 ==
오스트레일리아의 인구는 1950년 817만 명에서 1990년 1696만 명으로, 인구가 2배로 증가하였으며, 2015년에는 2393만 명으로 증가했다. 2019년 유엔의 인구전망에 따르면, 오스트레일리아의 인구는 2030년 2817만 명으로 증가하며, 그 이후에도 계속증가해 2100년 4287만 명에 달할 것으로 예상하였다.

제1차 세계대전 이후, 오스트레일리아의 인구는 빠르게 증가했는데<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3105.0.65.0012006?OpenDocument|title=3105.0.65.001—Australian Historical Population Statistics, 2006|date=23 May 2006|publisher=[[Australian Bureau of Statistics]]|format=[[Microsoft Excel|XLS]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070908212308/http://abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/DetailsPage/3105.0.65.0012006?OpenDocument|archive-date=8 September 2007|url-status=live|access-date=18 September 2007|quote=Australian population: (1919) 5,080,912; (2006) 20,209,993|df=dmy}}</ref>, 대부분 이민의 영향이 컸다. 2019년 기준 오스트레일리아의 외국인 인구는 752만 명으로, 전 세계에서 외국인 수가 8번째로 많다. 오스트레일리아의 이민자 비율은 전체 인구의 30%로, 인구 1000만 명이 넘는 국가 중에서 이민자 비율이 가장 높다.<ref name="Country of Birth">{{웹 인용|url=https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/subscriber.nsf/log?openagent&34120do005_201819.xls&3412.0&Data%20Cubes&B95CDCBDF3B53509CA25855700002DC2&0&2018-19&28.04.2020&Latest|title=Table 5.1 Estimated resident population, by country of birth(a), Australia, as at 30 June, 1996 to 2019(b)(c)|publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics|access-date=4 May 2020}}</ref><ref>United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, (2015). 'International Migration' in International migrant stock 2015. Accessed from [https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/data/estimates2/estimatesmaps.shtml?1t1 International migrant stock 2015: maps] on 24 May 2017</ref>

평균 인구밀도는 km<sup>2</sup>당 3.4명으로 [[인구 밀도순 나라 목록|전 세계에서 가장 낮은 수준]]이지만, 이는 차지하는 지역 대부분이 건조한 스텝 기후와 사막 기후의 성질을 띄고 있기 때문이며, 인구의 대부분은 서부 도시 지역에 집중되어 있다. 인구의 89%가 손으로 꼽을 수 있는 수의 도시 지역에 살고 있으며, 전 세계적으로 볼 때 [[도시화에 따른 나라 목록|가장 도시화된 수준]]이다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://data.worldbank.org/country/australia|title=Data – Australia|year=2013|work=The World Bank|publisher=The World Bank Group|access-date=24 April 2013}}</ref>

오스트레일리아에서는 일반적으로 인종별로 인구 정보를 수집하지는 않지만, 인구 조사(센서스)에서는 응답자가 원주민인지, [[토레스 해협 제도]] 사람인지 등 자신의 혈통을 지명하도록 한다.

== 인구 통계 ==
=== 1850-1899 합계출산율 ===
여성 1명당 출산율. 출처: [[:en:Our_World_In_Data|Our World In Data]], [[:en:Gapminder_Foundation|Gapminder Foundation]].<ref name="ourworldindata.org3">{{인용|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/children-born-per-woman?year=1800&country=AUS|title=Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries|author=Max Roser|date=2014|work=[[Our World In Data]], [[Gapminder Foundation]]}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"
|+1850-1899 오스트레일리아의 합계출산율<ref name="ourworldindata.org2">{{인용|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/children-born-per-woman?year=1800&country=AUS|title=Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries|author=Max Roser|date=2014|work=[[Our World In Data]], [[Gapminder Foundation]]}}</ref>
!1850
!1851
!1852
!1853
!1854
!1855
!1856
!1857
!1858
!1859
|-
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.94
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.01
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.07
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.03
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.86
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.32
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.19
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.63
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.71
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.75
|- data-darkreader-inline-border-top="" style="border-top:2px solid gray"
!1860
!1861
!1862
!1863
!1864
!1865
!1866
!1867
!1868
!1869
|-
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.71
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.67
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.8
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.59
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.75
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.64
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.33
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.41
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.43
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.19
|- data-darkreader-inline-border-top="" style="border-top:2px solid gray"
!1870
!1871
!1872
!1873
!1874
!1875
!1876
!1877
!1878
!1879
|-
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.19
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.09
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.97
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.01
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.93
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.81
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.81
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.69
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.74
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.8
|- data-darkreader-inline-border-top="" style="border-top:2px solid gray"
!1880
!1881
!1882
!1883
!1884
!1885
!1886
!1887
!1888
!1889
|-
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.73
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.73
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.62
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.66
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.77
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.78
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.74
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.77
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.76
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.65
|- data-darkreader-inline-border-top="" style="border-top:2px solid gray"
!1890
!1891
!1892
!1893
!1894
!1895
!1896
!1897
!1898
!1899
|-
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.69
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.62
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.52
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.4
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.13
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.07
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.81
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.78
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.64
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.66
|}

=== 1860-1899 조출생률 ===
인구 1000명당 [[출생률]]. 출처: 오스트레일리아 통계청.<ref name="abs.gov.au">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3105.0.65.0012006?OpenDocument|title=3105.0.65.001 - Australian Historical Population Statistics, 2006.Table 42. Crude birth rates, states and territories, 1860 onwards|author=Australian Bureau of Statistics|author-link=Australian Bureau of Statistics|date=23 May 2006}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"
|+1860-1899 오스트레일리아의 조출생률<ref name="abs.gov.au4">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3105.0.65.0012006?OpenDocument|title=3105.0.65.001 - Australian Historical Population Statistics, 2006.Table 42. Crude birth rates, states and territories, 1860 onwards|author=Australian Bureau of Statistics|author-link=Australian Bureau of Statistics|date=23 May 2006}}</ref>
!1860
!1861
!1862
!1863
!1864
!1865
!1866
!1867
!1868
!1869
|-
|42.6
|42.3
|43.3
|41.7
|42.9
|42.1
|39.8
|40.4
|40.5
|38.7
|- data-darkreader-inline-border-top="" style="border-top:2px solid gray"
!1870
!1871
!1872
!1873
!1874
!1875
!1876
!1877
!1878
!1879
|-
|38.7
|38.0
|37.1
|37.4
|36.8
|35.9
|35.9
|35.0
|35.4
|35.8
|- data-darkreader-inline-border-top="" style="border-top:2px solid gray"
!1880
!1881
!1882
!1883
!1884
!1885
!1886
!1887
!1888
!1889
|-
|35.3
|35.3
|34.5
|34.8
|35.6
|35.7
|35.4
|35.6
|35.5
|34.7
|- data-darkreader-inline-border-top="" style="border-top:2px solid gray"
!1890
!1891
!1892
!1893
!1894
!1895
!1896
!1897
!1898
!1899
|-
|35.0
|34.5
|33.7
|32.8
|30.8
|30.4
|28.4
|28.2
|27.2
|27.3
|}

=== 연령별 인구 구성비 ===
출처: 오스트레일리아 통계청.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3105.0.65.0012008|title=3105.0.65.001 - Australian Historical Population Statistics, 2008 - 4. Population Age-Sex Structure - 4.1 Population, age and sex, Australia 30 June, 1901 onwards|author=Australian Bureau of Statistics|author-link=Australian Bureau of Statistics|date=5 August 2008}}</ref><ref name="abs.gov.au22">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/7d12b0f6763c78caca257061001cc588/db7193812e1efc92ca2570ec000e215a!OpenDocument|title=Population Characteristics: 20th century: beginning and end|author=Australian Bureau of Statistics|author-link=Australian Bureau of Statistics|date=6 April 2006}}</ref><ref name="abs.gov.au32">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Previousproducts/3101.0Media%20Release3Jun%202015|title=3101.0 - Australian Demographic Statistics, Jun 2015|author=Australian Bureau of Statistics|author-link=Australian Bureau of Statistics|date=15 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://profile.id.com.au/australia/five-year-age-groups|title=Australia. Five year age groups|author=.idcommunity|확인날짜=2021-07-15|archive-date=2020-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112000833/https://profile.id.com.au/australia/five-year-age-groups|url-status=}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable nowrap"
! scope="col" |연령
! scope="col" |1901
! scope="col" |1911
! scope="col" |1921
! scope="col" |1931
! scope="col" |1941
! scope="col" |1951
! scope="col" |1961
! scope="col" |1971
! scope="col" |1981
! scope="col" |1991
! scope="col" |2001
! scope="col" |2007
! scope="col" |2016
|-
! scope="row" |0–14세
|35.1
|31.6
|31.8
|28.5
|24.2
|27.2
|30.3
|28.7
|25.0
|21.9
|20.5
|19.4
|18.6
|-
! scope="row" |15–24세
|19.4
|20.1
|16.9
|18.1
|17.5
|14.1
|14.3
|17.4
|17.4
|16.0
|13.7
|14.0
|12.8
|-
! scope="row" |25–44세
|29.4
|28.8
|30.0
|29.3
|30.0
|29.4
|27.7
|27.4
|28.4
|28.6
|30.0
|29.2
|27.9
|-
! scope="row" |45–64세
|12.0
|14.8
|17.0
|18.0
|20.9
|20.4
|19.9
|20.0
|19.2
|19.3
|23.1
|25.0
|25.1
|-
! scope="row" |65세 이상
|4.0
|4.3
|4.5
|6.1
|7.4
|8.1
|8.5
|8.3
|9.8
|11.3
|12.6
|13.2
|15.8
|-
! scope="row" |종합 (%)
|100
|99.6
|100
|100
|100
|100
|100
|100
|100
|100
|100
|100
|100
|}

=== 중위 연령 ===
오스트레일리아의 역사적 [[중위연령|중위 연령]] 통계. 출처: 호주 통계청.<ref name="abs.gov.au2">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/7d12b0f6763c78caca257061001cc588/db7193812e1efc92ca2570ec000e215a!OpenDocument|title=Population Characteristics: 20th century: beginning and end|author=Australian Bureau of Statistics|author-link=Australian Bureau of Statistics|date=6 April 2006}}</ref><ref name="abs.gov.au3">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Previousproducts/3101.0Media%20Release3Jun%202015|title=3101.0 - Australian Demographic Statistics, Jun 2015|author=Australian Bureau of Statistics|author-link=Australian Bureau of Statistics|date=15 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/2f762f95845417aeca25706c00834efa/e2f62e625b7855bfca2570ec0073cdf6!OpenDocument|title=4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 1996|author=Australian Bureau of Statistics|author-link=Australian Bureau of Statistics|date=15 March 2006}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3105.0.65.0012008|title=3105.0.65.001 - Australian Historical Population Statistics, 2008. 4. Population Age-Sex Structure - 4.18. Median age by sex, states and territories, 30 June, 1971 onwards|author=Australian Bureau of Statistics|author-link=Australian Bureau of Statistics|date=5 August 2008}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"
!연도
!1901
!1911
!1921
!1951
!1961
!1971
!1981
!1991
!2001
!2015
!2017
|-
| align="left" |중위 연령
|22.5
|24.0
|25.8
|30.3
|29.3
|27.7
|29.6
|32.4
|35.7
|37.4
|38.7
|-
| align="left" |남성 중위 연령
|23.6
|24.6
|26.1
|29.9
|28.7
|27.0
|29.0
|31.7
|34.9
|
|37.9
|-
| align="left" |여성 중위 연령
|21.5
|23.4
|25.5
|30.8
|30.2
|28.3
|30.2
|33.0
|36.4
|
|39.5
|}

=== 1900-현재 출생 및 사망 통계 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:right;"
! scope="col" |
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;" |인구
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;" |출생아 수
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;" |사망자 수
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;" |자연 증감
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;" |조출생률 (1000명당)
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;" |조사망률 (1000명당)
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;" |자연 증감률 (1000명당)
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;" |합계출산율<ref name="ourworldindata.org">{{인용|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/children-born-per-woman?year=1800&country=AUS|title=Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries|author=Max Roser|date=2014|work=[[Our World In Data]], [[Gapminder Foundation]]}}</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;" |해외 인구 순유입<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.immi.gov.au/media/statistics/historical-migration-stats.htm|title=Historical Migration Statistics|date=25 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809114035/https://www.immi.gov.au/media/statistics/historical-migration-stats.htm|archive-date=9 August 2014|access-date=27 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/mf/3101.0|title=3101.0 - Australian Demographic Statistics, Mar 2017|publisher=Abs.gov.au|access-date=27 September 2017}}</ref><ref name="cia.gov">{{인용|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/australia/|title=World Factbook EUROPE : AUSTRALIA|work=[[The World Factbook]]|date=July 12, 2018}}</ref>
|-
| scope="row" |1900
|3,715,000
|102,221
|44,060
|58,161
|27.3
|11.8
|15.5
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.66
|
|-
| scope="row" |1901
|3,765,000
|102,945
|46,330
|56,615
|27.1
|12.2
|14.9
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.64
|
|-
| scope="row" |1902
|3,824,000
|102,776
|48,078
|54,698
|26.7
|12.5
|14.2
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.39
|
|-
| scope="row" |1903
|3,875,000
|98,443
|47,293
|51,150
|25.3
|12.1
|13.2
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.58
|
|-
| scope="row" |1904
|3,916,000
|104,113
|43,572
|60,541
|26.4
|11.0
|15.4
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.54
|
|-
| scope="row" |1905
|3,974,000
|104,941
|43,514
|61,427
|26.2
|10.9
|15.3
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.51
|
|-
| scope="row" |1906
|4,032,000
|107,890
|44,333
|63,557
|26.6
|10.9
|15.7
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.35
|
|-
| scope="row" |1907
|4,091,000
|110,347
|45,305
|55,042
|26.7
|11.0
|15.7
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.35
|
|-
| scope="row" |1908
|4,161,000
|111,545
|46,426
|55,119
|26.6
|11.1
|15.5
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.35
|
|-
| scope="row" |1909
|4,232,000
|114,071
|44,172
|59,899
|26.7
|10.3
|16.4
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.35
|
|-
| scope="row" |1910
|4,323,000
|116,801
|45,590
|61,211
|26.7
|10.4
|16.3
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.35
|
|-
| scope="row" |1911
|4,425,000
|122,193
|47,869
|74,324
|27.2
|10.6
|16.6
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.51
|
|-
| scope="row" |1912
|4,573,000
|133,088
|52,177
|80,911
|28.6
|11.2
|17.4
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.51
|
|-
| scope="row" |1913
|4,820,172
|135,714
|51,789
|83,925
|28.2
|10.7
|17.5
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.51
|
|-
| scope="row" |1914
|4,893,000
|137,983
|51,720
|86,263
|28.0
|10.5
|17.5
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.51
|
|-
| scope="row" |1915
|4,971,000
|134,871
|52,782
|82,089
|27.1
|10.6
|16.5
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.51
|
|-
| scope="row" |1916
|4,969,000
|131,426
|54,197
|77,219
|26.6
|11.0
|15.6
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.07
|
|-
| scope="row" |1917
|4,917,000
|129,965
|48,029
|81,936
|26.3
|9.7
|16.6
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.35
|
|-
| scope="row" |1918
|4,982,000
|125,739
|50,249
|75,490
|25.0
|10.0
|15.0
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.07
|
|-
| scope="row" |1919
|5,080,000
|122,290
|65,930
|56,360
|23.6
|12.7
|10.9
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.07
|
|-
| scope="row" |1920
|5,303,000
|136,406
|56,289
|80,117
|25.5
|10.5
|15.5
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.07
|
|-
| scope="row" |1921
|5,411,000
|136,198
|54,076
|82,122
|24.9
|9.9
|15.0
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.12
|
|-
| scope="row" |1922
|5,510,000
|137,496
|51,311
|86,185
|24.7
|9.2
|15.5
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.11
|
|-
| scope="row" |1923
|5,637,000
|135,222
|56,236
|78,986
|23.7
|9.9
|13.8
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.02
|
|-
| scope="row" |1924
|5,755,000
|134,927
|54,980
|79,953
|23.2
|9.4
|13.8
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.97
|
|-
| scope="row" |1925
|5,882,000
|135,792
|54,658
|81,134
|22.9
|9.2
|13.7
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.95
|
|-
| scope="row" |1926
|6,000,000
|133,162
|56,952
|76,210
|22.0
|9.4
|12.6
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.85
|
|-
| scope="row" |1927
|6,124,000
|133,698
|58,282
|75,716
|21.6
|9.4
|12.2
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.80
|
|-
| scope="row" |1928
|6,251,000
|134,078
|59,378
|74,700
|21.3
|9.4
|11.9
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.77
|
|-
| scope="row" |1929
|6,355,000
|129,480
|60,857
|68,623
|20.2
|9.5
|10.7
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.64
|
|-
| scope="row" |1930
|6,436,000
|128,399
|55,331
|73,068
|19.8
|8.6
|11.2
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.58
|
|-
| scope="row" |1931
|6,500,000
|118,509
|56,560
|61,949
|18.2
|8.7
|9.5
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.36
|
|-
| scope="row" |1932
|6,552,000
|110,933
|56,757
|54,176
|16.9
|8.6
|8.3
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.19
|
|-
| scope="row" |1933
|6,603,000
|111,269
|59,117
|52,152
|16.8
|8.9
|7.9
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.17
|
|-
| scope="row" |1934
|6,656,000
|109,475
|62,229
|47,246
|16.4
|9.3
|7.1
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.11
|
|-
| scope="row" |1935
|6,707,000
|111,325
|63,599
|47,726
|16.5
|9.4
|7.1
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.12
|
|-
| scope="row" |1936
|6,755,000
|116,073
|63,932
|52,141
|17.1
|9.4
|7.7
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.18
|
|-
| scope="row" |1937
|6,810,000
|119,131
|64,496
|54,635
|17.4
|9.4
|8.0
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.21
|
|-
| scope="row" |1938
|6,871,000
|120,415
|66,451
|53,964
|17.4
|9.6
|7.8
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.21
|
|-
| scope="row" |1939
|6,935,000
|122,891
|69,147
|53,744
|17.6
|9.9
|7.7
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.22
|
|-
| scope="row" |1940
|7,004,000
|126,347
|68,384
|57,963
|17.9
|9.7
|8.2
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.26
|
|-
| scope="row" |1941
|7,077,000
|134,525
|71,176
|63,349
|18.9
|10.0
|8.9
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.36
|
|-
| scope="row" |1942
|7,143,000
|136,708
|75,191
|61,517
|19.1
|10.5
|8.6
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.38
|
|-
| scope="row" |1943
|7,201,000
|149,295
|74,486
|74,809
|20.6
|10.3
|10.3
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.57
|
|-
| scope="row" |1944
|7,269,000
|153,344
|69,596
|83,748
|21.0
|9.5
|11.5
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.63
|
|-
| scope="row" |1945
|7,347,000
|160,560
|70,231
|90,229
|21.7
|9.5
|12.2
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.74
|
|-
| scope="row" |1946
|7,430,000
|176,379
|74,661
|101,718
|23.6
|10.0
|13.6
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.99
|
|-
| scope="row" |1947
|7,517,000
|182,384
|73,468
|108,916
|24.1
|9.7
|14.4
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.08
|
|-
| scope="row" |1948
|7,637,000
|177,976
|76,839
|101,137
|23.1
|10.0
|13.1
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.98
|
|-
| scope="row" |1949
|7,792,000
|181,261
|75,260
|106,001
|22.9
|9.5
|13.4
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.99
|
|-
| scope="row" |1950
|8,045,000
|190,591
|78,187
|112,404
|23.3
|9.6
|13.7
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.01
|
|-
| scope="row" |1951
|8,307,000
|193,298
|81,788
|111,510
|23.0
|9.7
|13.3
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.06
|
|-
| scope="row" |1952
|8,527,000
|201,650
|81,597
|120,053
|23.4
|9.5
|13.9
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.15
|
|-
| scope="row" |1953
|8,739,000
|202,235
|80,188
|122,047
|22.9
|9.1
|13.8
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.23
|
|-
| scope="row" |1954
|8,902,000
|202,256
|81,805
|120,451
|22.5
|9.1
|13.4
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.3
|
|-
| scope="row" |1955
|9,089,000
|207,677
|82,036
|125,641
|22.6
|8.9
|13.7
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.35
|
|-
| scope="row" |1956
|9,311,000
|212,633
|86,088
|126,545
|22.5
|9.1
|13.4
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.39
|
|-
| scope="row" |1957
|9,530,000
|220,358
|84,953
|135,405
|22.9
|8.8
|14.1
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.41
|
|-
| scope="row" |1958
|9,744,000
|222,504
|83,723
|138,481
|22.6
|8.5
|14.1
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.42
|
|-
| scope="row" |1959
|9,947,000
|226,976
|89,212
|137,765
|22.6
|8.9
|13.7
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.41
|
|-
| scope="row" |1960
|10,160,000
|230,326
|88,464
|141,862
|22.4
|8.6
|13.8
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.39
|
|-
| scope="row" |1961
|10,391,000
|239,986
|88,961
|151,025
|22.8
|8.5
|14.3
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.35
|
|-
| scope="row" |1962
|10,642,000
|237,081
|93,163
|143,918
|22.1
|8.7
|13.4
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.3
|
|-
| scope="row" |1963
|10,846,000
|235,689
|94,894
|140,795
|21.5
|8.7
|12.8
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.24
|
|-
| scope="row" |1964
|11,055,000
|229,149
|100,594
|128,555
|20.5
|8.7
|11.8
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.17
|
|-
| scope="row" |1965
|11,280,000
|222,854
|99,715
|123,139
|19.6
|8.8
|10.8
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.97
|
|-
| scope="row" |1966
|11,505,000
|223,731
|103,929
|119,802
|19.3
|9.0
|10.3
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.89
|
|-
| scope="row" |1967
|11,704,000
|229,796
|102,703
|127,093
|19.4
|8.7
|10.7
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.85
|
|-
| scope="row" |1968
|11,912,000
|240,906
|109,547
|131,359
|20.0
|9.1
|10.9
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.89
|
|-
| scope="row" |1969
|12,145,000
|250,175
|106,496
|143,681
|20.4
|8.7
|11.7
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.93
|
|-
| scope="row" |1970
|12,407,000
|257,516
|113,048
|144,468
|20.5
|9.0
|10.5
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.94
|
|-
| scope="row" |1971
|12,663,000
|276,361
|110,650
|165,711
|21.5
|8.6
|12.9
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.98
|
|-
| scope="row" |1972
|13,067,000
|271,960
|110,191
|161,769
|20.6
|8.4
|12.2
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.74
|
|-
| scope="row" |1973
|13,303,000
|255,848
|111,336
|144,512
|19.1
|8.3
|10.8
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.49
|
|-
| scope="row" |1974
|13,504,000
|243,658
|110,179
|133,479
|17.9
|8.1
|9.8
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.32
|
|-
| scope="row" |1975
|13,722,000
|239,794
|114,501
|125,293
|17.4
|8.3
|9.1
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.15
|
|-
| scope="row" |1976
|13,892,000
|231,135
|110,610
|120,525
|16.6
|7.9
|8.7
|2.06
|
|-
| scope="row" |1977
|14,033,000
|226,954
|111,490
|115,464
|16.1
|7.9
|8.2
|2.01
|
|-
| scope="row" |1978
|14,192,000
|226,359
|108,059
|118,300
|15.9
|7.6
|8.3
|1.95
|
|-
| scope="row" |1979
|14,359,000
|223,370
|108,315
|115,055
|15.5
|7.5
|8.0
|1.91
|
|-
| scope="row" |1980
|14,515,000
|223,664
|106,654
|117,010
|15.3
|7.3
|8.0
|1.89
|
|-
| scope="row" |1981
|14,695,000
|230,920
|109,429
|121,491
|15.6
|7.4
|8.2
|1.94
|
|-
| scope="row" |1982
|14,923,000
|237,076
|110,990
|116,086
|15.7
|7.4
|8.3
|1.93
|128,100
|-
| scope="row" |1983
|15,184,000
|241,764
|112,918
|128,846
|15.8
|7.4
|8.4
|1.92
|73,300
|-
| scope="row" |1984
|15,393,000
|240,544
|110,887
|129,657
|15.5
|7.2
|8.3
|1.84
|49,100
|-
| scope="row" |1985
|15,579,000
|241,814
|114,197
|127,617
|15.4
|7.3
|8.1
|1.92
|73,800
|-
| scope="row" |1986
|15,788,000
|239,115
|116,069
|123,046
|15.0
|7.3
|7.7
|1.87
|100,500
|-
| scope="row" |1987
|16,018,000
|242,977
|116,139
|126,838
|15.0
|7.2
|7.8
|1.85
|125,800
|-
| scope="row" |1988
|16,263,000
|246,200
|120,463
|125,737
|15.0
|7.3
|7.7
|1.83
|149,400
|-
| scope="row" |1989
|16,532,000
|250,155
|118,767
|131,388
|15.1
|7.1
|8.0
|1.84
|157,500
|-
| scope="row" |1990
|16,814,000
|257,521
|125,112
|132,409
|15.3
|7.4
|7.9
|1.90
|124,700
|-
| scope="row" |1991
|17,065,000
|261,158
|119,572
|141,586
|15.2
|7.0
|8.2
|1.85
|86,500
|-
| scope="row" |1992
|17,284,000
|259,186
|120,836
|138,350
|14.9
|6.9
|8.0
|1.89
|68,600
|-
| scope="row" |1993
|17,494,000
|259,959
|121,338
|138,621
|14.8
|6.9
|7.9
|1.86
|30,100
|-
| scope="row" |1994
|17,667,000
|258,314
|123,496
|134,818
|14.5
|7.0
|7.5
|1.84
|46,600
|-
| scope="row" |1995
|17,854,000
|258,210
|126,232
|131,978
|14.4
|7.0
|7.4
|1.82
|80,200
|-
| scope="row" |1996
|18,071,000
|250,438
|126,400
|124,038
|13.8
|6.9
|6.9
|1.80
|104,000
|-
| scope="row" |1997
|18,310,000
|253,660
|127,298
|126,362
|13.7
|6.9
|6.8
|1.78
|87,200
|-
| scope="row" |1998
|18,517,000
|249,105
|129,255
|119,850
|13.4
|6.9
|6.5
|1.75
|79,100
|-
| scope="row" |1999
|18,711,000
|249,965
|128,278
|121,487
|13.3
|6.8
|6.5
|1.75
|96,500
|-
| scope="row" |2000
|18,925,000
|249,310
|128,392
|120,918
|13.1
|6.7
|6.4
|1.75
|107,200
|-
| scope="row" |2001
|19,153,000
|247,500
|128,913
|118,587
|12.8
|6.7
|6.1
|1.73
|135,700
|-
| scope="row" |2002
|19,413,000
|250,988
|133,707
|117,281
|12.9
|6.9
|6.0
|1.77
|110,600
|-
| scope="row" |2003
|19,651,000
|246,663
|132,239
|114,424
|12.5
|6.7
|5.8
|1.75
|116,500
|-
| scope="row" |2004
|19,895,000
|249,082
|133,231
|115,851
|12.4
|6.7
|5.7
|1.76
|100,000
|-
| scope="row" |2005
|20,127,000
|255,934
|131,354
|124,580
|12.6
|6.5
|6.1
|1.79
|123,800
|-
| scope="row" |2006
|20,394,000
|263,540
|134,041
|129,499
|12.8
|6.5
|6.3
|1.82
|146,700
|-
| scope="row" |2007
|20,697,000
|274,330
|134,785
|139,545
|13.2
|6.4
|6.8
|1.87
|232,700
|-
| scope="row" |2008
|21,015,000
|302,272
|143,946
|158,326
|14.4
|6.8
|7.6
|2.02
|277,400
|-
| scope="row" |2009
|21,262,000
|295,700
|140,760
|154,940
|13.9
|6.6
|7.3
|1.90
|299,800
|-
| scope="row" |2010
|22,183,000
|297,900
|143,473
|154,427
|13.4
|6.4
|7.0
|1.89
|172,038
|-
| scope="row" |2011
|22,340,000
|301,617
|146,932
|156,050
|13.5
|6.6
|6.9
|1.92
|205,679
|-
| scope="row" |2012
|22,723,000
|309,582
|147,098
|161,782
|13.6
|6.5
|7.1
|1.91
|241,151
|-
| scope="row" |2013
|23,162,000
|308,065
|147,708
|160,357
|13.3
|6.4
|6.9
|1.88
|235,797
|-
| scope="row" |2014
|23,413,000
|299,697
|153,400
|146,300
|12.8
|6.5
|6.3
|1.8
|179,000
|-
| scope="row" |2015
|23,858,000
|305,377
|159,052
|146,325
|12.8
|6.7
|6.1
|1.81
|181,000
|-
| scope="row" |2016<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/Population|title=Population|website=Australian Bureau of Statistics|access-date=13 December 2017}}</ref>
|24,385,600
|311,104
|158,504
|152,600
|12.9
|6.5
|6.4
|1.789
|243,800
|-
| scope="row" |2017
|24,770,700<ref>{{인용|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/3101.0|title=3101.0 - Australian Demographic Statistics, Dec 2017|website=Australian Bureau of Statistics}}</ref>
|309,142
|160,909
|148,233
|12.6
|6.5
|6.1
|1.741
|241,700
|-
| scope="row" |2018
|25,180,200<ref>{{인용|url=https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/3101.0|website=Australian Bureau of Statistics|title=3101.0 - Australian Demographic Statistics, Dec 2018|date=December 2018}}</ref>
|315,147<ref>{{인용|url=https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/3302.0|website=Australian Bureau of Statistics|title=3302.0 - Deaths, 2018|date=December 2018}}</ref>
|158,493
|156,654
|12.6
|6.5
|6.1
|1.740
|248,400
|-
| scope="row" |2019
|25,522,100
|305,832
|169,301
|136,531
|12.1
|6.7
|5.4
| data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="text-align:right; color:red;" |1.657
|210,700
|-
| scope="row" |2020
|25,694,393
|294,400
|161,400
|133,000
|11.5
|6.3
|5.2
|
|3,300
|}

== 기대수명 ==

=== 1921-현재 기대수명 ===
출처: [[:en:Our_World_In_Data|Our World In Data]], 유엔.
{| class="wikitable"
|+1921-1949 기대수명<ref name="ourworldindata.org12">{{웹 인용|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/life-expectancy?year=1810|title=Life expectancy|website=Our World in Data|access-date=28 August 2018}}</ref>
!연도
!1921
!1922
!1923
!1924
!1925
!1926
!1927
!1928
!1929
|-
|
|61.0
|62.9
|61.7
|62.5
|63.2
|62.9
|62.8
|62.9
|63.1
|- data-darkreader-inline-border-top="" style="border-top:2px solid gray"
!1930
!1931
!1932
!1933
!1934
!1935
!1936
!1937
!1938
!1939
|-
|64.9
|65.3
|65.6
|65.4
|64.8
|65.1
|65.2
|65.8
|65.8
|65.8
|- data-darkreader-inline-border-top="" style="border-top:2px solid gray"
!1940
!1941
!1942
!1943
!1944
!1945
!1946
!1947
!1948
!1949
|-
|66.2
|66.1
|65.9
|66.4
|68.0
|68.5
|68.0
|68.6
|68.5
|69.1
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+1950–2020 기대수명<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://population.un.org/wpp/Graphs/36|제목=Currently showing: Australia > Probabilistic Projections > Life Expectancy > Both Sexes|날짜=2019-06|확인날짜=2021-07-15}}</ref>
!기간
!기대수명
!기간
!기대수명
|-
|1950–1955
|69.4
|1985–1990
|76.2
|-
|1955–1960
|70.4
|1990–1995
|77.7
|-
|1960–1965
|70.9
|1995–2000
|78.8
|-
|1965–1970
|70.8
|2000–2005
|80.3
|-
|1970–1975
|71.8
|2005–2010
|81.5
|-
|1975–1980
|73.6
|2010–2015
|82.4
|-
|1980–1985
|75.1
|2015-2020
|83.2
|}

== 체류 외국인 현황 ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
! colspan="2" scope="col" |출처: 오스트레일리아 통계청 (2020)<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/population/migration-australia/2019-20/34120DO005_201920.xls|title=Table 5.1 Estimated resident population, by country of birth(a), Australia, as at 30 June, 1996 to 2020(b)(c)|publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics|accessdate=24 April 2021}}</ref>
|-
! scope="col" |태어난 지역
! scope="col" |추산인구
|-
| scope="row" |''총 오스트레일리아 출생 인구''
|''18,043,310''
|-
| scope="row" |''총 해외 출생 인구''
|''7,653,990''
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|잉글랜드}} [[잉글랜드]]
|980,360
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|인도}} [[인도]]
|721,050
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|중국}} [[중화인민공화국|중국]]
|650,640
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|뉴질랜드}} [[뉴질랜드]]
|564,840
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|필리핀}} [[필리핀]]
|310,050
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|베트남}} [[베트남]]
|270,340
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|남아프리카 공화국}} [[남아프리카 공화국]]
|200,240
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|이탈리아}} [[이탈리아]]
|177,840
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|말레이시아}} [[말레이시아]]
|177,460
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|스리랑카}} [[스리랑카]]
|146,950
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|스코틀랜드}} [[스코틀랜드]]
|132,590
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|네팔}} [[네팔]]
|131,830
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|한국}} [[한국]]
|111,530
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|독일}} [[독일]]
|111,030
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|미국}} [[미국]]
|110,160
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|홍콩}} [[홍콩]]
|104,760
|-
| scope="row" |{{국기그림|그리스}} [[그리스]]
|103,710
|}

== 유엔 인구 통계 ==
출처: 유엔 세계인구전망 2019<ref name=":02">{{웹 인용|url=https://data.un.org/Data.aspx?q=Australia&d=PopDiv&f=variableID%3a12%3bcrID%3a1835%2c36%2c927|제목=Total population, both sexes combined (thousands)|성=United Nations Population Division|날짜=2019-06-17|확인날짜=2021-09-03}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{웹 인용|url=https://population.un.org/wpp/Graphs/1_Demographic%20Profiles/Australia.pdf|제목=Australia|확인날짜=2021-09-03}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="8" |오스트레일리아의 인구
|-
!1950
!1970
!1990
!2000
!2005
!2010
!2015
!2019
|-
|817.7만 명
|'''<span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: green ;">↗</span>'''1279.3만 명
|'''<span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: green ;">↗</span>'''1696.1만 명
|'''<span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: green ;">↗</span>'''1899.1만 명
|'''<span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: green ;">↗</span>'''2017.9만 명
|'''<span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: green ;">↗</span>'''2215.5만 명
|'''<span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: green ;">↗</span>'''2393.3만 명
|'''<span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: green ;">↗</span>'''2520.3만 명
|}
[[파일:2019년 호주의 인구 피라미드.png|섬네일|246x246픽셀|2019년 오스트레일리아의 인구 피라미드]]

=== 오스트레일리아의 인구 통계(2019년, 유엔) ===
총인구: 2520만 명

15세 미만 인구: 19.3%

15~24세 인구: 12.3%

25~64세 인구: 52.5%

65세 이상 인구: 15.9%

노인 부양 가능 인구(65세 이상 노인 1명당 25~64세 노동 인구): 3.3명

인구 성장률: 1.2%

조출생률(인구 1000명당): 12.7명

합계출산율: 1.82명

조사망률(인구 1000명당): 6.6명

영아사망률(1살 미만 1000명당): 3명

유아사망률(5세 미만 1000명당): 4명

기대수명: 83.4세
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:right;"
|}

== 미국 중앙정보국 월드 팩트북 인구 통계 ==
출처: 미국 [[중앙정보국]](CIA) [[월드 팩트북]].<ref>https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/australia/</ref>

=== 인구 ===
25,809,973명 (2021년 7월 추산)

=== 민족 ===
영어 25.9%, 오스트레일리아인 25.4%, 아일랜드인 7.5%, 스코틀랜드인 6.4%, 이탈리아인 3.3%, 독일인 3.2%, 중국인 3.1%, 인도인 1.4%, 그리스인 1.4%, 네덜란드인 1.2%, 기타 15.8%, 불명 5.4% (2011년 추산)

=== 언어 ===
영어 72.7%, 표준 중국어 2.5%, 아랍어 1.4%, 광둥어 1.2%, 베트남어 1.2%, 이탈리아어 1.2%, 그리스어 1%, 기타 14.8%, 불명 6.5% (2016년 추산)

=== 종교 ===
개신교 23.1% (성공회 13.3%, 연합교회 3.7%, 장로교 및 개혁교 2.3%, 침례교 1.5%, 오순절교 1.1%, 루터교 0.7%, 기타 개신교 0.5%), 로마 가톨릭 22.6%, 기타 기독교 4.2%, 무슬림 2.6%, 불교 2.4%, 정교회 2.3% (동방 정교회 2.1%, 오리엔트 정교회 0.2%), 힌두교 1.9%, 기타 1.3%, 무교 30.1%, 불명 9.6% (2016년 추산)

=== 성별 및 연령 구조 ===
'''0-14세:''' 18.72% (남성 2,457,418/여성 2,309,706)

'''15-24세:''' 12.89% (남성 1,710,253/여성 1,572,794)

'''25-54세:''' 41.15% (남성 5,224,840/여성 5,255,041)

'''55-64세:''' 11.35% (남성 1,395,844/여성 1,495,806)

'''65세 이상:''' 15.88% (남성 1,866,761/여성 2,177,996) (2020년 추산)

=== 부양비 ===
'''총부양비:''' 55.1

'''유소년부양비:''' 29.9

'''노년부양비:''' 25.1

'''잠재적 부양률:''' 4 (2020년 추산)

=== 중위 연령 ===
'''전체:''' 37.5세

'''남성:''' 36.5세

'''여성:''' 38.5세 (2020년 추산)

=== 인구 성장률 ===
1.31% (2021년 추산)

=== 출생률 ===
12.35명/1,000명 (2021년 추산)

=== 사망률 ===
6.78명/1,000명 (2021년 추산)

=== 순이동률 ===
7.49명/1,000명 (2021년 추산)

=== 인구 분포 ===
인구가 주로 동쪽과 남동쪽에 집중됨

=== 도시화 ===
'''도시 인구:''' 전체 인구의 86.4% (2021)

'''도시화 증감률:''' 연평균 1.27% 변화 (2020-25년 추산)

'''참고:''' 크리스마스 섬, 코코스 제도 및 노퍽 섬이 정보에 포함됨

=== 주요 도시 지역 - 인구 ===
506.1만 명 멜버른, 499.2만 명 시드니, 243.9만 명 브리즈번, 206.7만 명 퍼스, 134.5만 명 애들레이드, 462,000명 캔버라 (수도) (2021)

=== 성비 ===
'''출생시:''' 1.06 남성/여성

'''0-14세:''' 1.06 남성/여성

'''15-24세:''' 1.09 남성/여성

'''25-54세:''' 0.99 남성/여성

'''55-64세:''' 0.93 남성/여성

'''65세 이상:''' 0.86 남성/여성

'''전체:''' 0.99 남성/여성 (2020년 추산)

=== 산모 평균 초산 연령 ===
28.7세 (2019년 추산)

=== 모성 사망률 ===
6명/출산 100,000명 (2017년 추산)

=== 영아 사망률 ===
'''전체:''' 3.05명/출생 1,000명

'''남성:''' 3.29명/출생 1,000명

'''여성:''' 2.8명/출생 1,000명 (2021년 추산)

=== 출생시 기대수명 ===
'''전체:''' 82.89세

'''남성:''' 80.73세

'''여성:''' 85.17세 (2021년 추산)

=== 합계출산율 ===
1.74명/여성 (2021년 추산)

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[오스트레일리아의 도시 목록]]
== 각주 ==
<references />

{{오세아니아 주제|의 인구|state=expand}}

[[분류:오스트레일리아의 인구| ]]