{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{도시 정보
|이름 = 쳉스토호바
|정식표기 = Częstochowa
|그림 = 2018 0546-001 CzęstochowaPride-Parade.jpg
|그림설명 = 2018년에 열린 쳉스토호바 프라이드 퍼레이드
|별명 =
|표어 = 
|시기 = POL Częstochowa flag.svg
|휘장 = POL Częstochowa COA.svg
|위치지도 = 폴란드
|위치지도너비 = 
|위도 = 50.8
|경도 = 19.116667
|나라 = {{국기나라|폴란드}}
|행정구역 = [[실롱스크주]]
|지역 = 
|설립일 = 
|인구  = 217,530
|인구년도 = 2020
|인구밀도 = 1,380
|광역인구 = 
|면적 = 160
|해발 = 
|시간대 = CET (UTC+1)<br /> · 일광 절약 시간제: CEST (UTC+2)
|우편번호 = 42-200 to 42-229, 42-263, 42-271, 42-280, 42-294
|지역번호 = +48 34
|웹사이트 = {{언어링크|pl|en}} [https://www.czestochowa.pl/ 공식 웹사이트]
}}

'''쳉스토호바'''({{llang|pl|''Częstochowa''}})는 [[폴란드]] 남부의 [[바르타강]] 유역에 있는 도시로 248,894명이 주민이 거주하고 있다(2004년 기준). 쳉스토호바는 1999년부터 [[실롱스크주]](행정 구역)에 있으며, 1975년부터 1998년까지는 [[쳉스토호바주]]의 주도였던 곳이다. 그렇지만, 쳉스토호바는 역사적으로 [[실롱스크]]가 아닌 [[마워폴스카]]의 일부이며, 1795년 이전에는([[폴란드의 행정 구역]] 참조) [[크라쿠프주]]에 속해 있었다.

쳉스토호바는 [[쳉스토호바의 검은 성모|검은 성모 성화]]를 보관한 [[야스나고라 수도원|야스나고라의 바오로회 수도원]]이 자리 잡은 [[성모 마리아|성모]] 순례지로서 유명하다. 매년 세계 각지에서 수백만 명의 순례자가 검은 성모 그림을 보려고 이곳 쳉스토호바를 방문하고 있다. 이 도시에는 또한 루사티아 문명 발굴지와 박물관이 있으며, 도시 중심부에서 약 15킬로미터 떨어진 올슈틴에는 중세 시대 [[성채]]의 옛 터가 있다.

== 인구 ==
{{Historical populations|align=none|1950|112198|1960|164906|1970|188189|1980|234681|1990|257957|2000|253133|2010|238042|2020|217530|footnote=source<ref>{{웹 인용| url=https://www.polskawliczbach.pl/Czestochowa | title=Częstochowa (śląskie) » mapy, nieruchomości, GUS, noclegi, szkoły, regon, atrakcje, kody pocztowe, wypadki drogowe, bezrobocie, wynagrodzenie, zarobki, tabele, edukacja, demografia }}</ref>}}
== 기후 ==
{{Weather box
| metric first = y
| single line = y
| location = 쳉스토호바
| Jan record high C = 13.4
| Feb record high C = 18.4
| Mar record high C = 23.1
| Apr record high C = 29.5
| May record high C = 34.1
| Jun record high C = 35.6
| Jul record high C = 36.0
| Aug record high C = 36.9
| Sep record high C = 33.7
| Oct record high C = 27.0
| Nov record high C = 20.1
| Dec record high C = 16.6
| year record high C = 36.9
| Jan high C = 1.3
| Feb high C = 3.1
| Mar high C = 7.7
| Apr high C = 14.5
| May high C = 19.4
| Jun high C = 22.6
| Jul high C = 24.7
| Aug high C = 24.5
| Sep high C = 19.0
| Oct high C = 13.2
| Nov high C = 7.2
| Dec high C = 2.3
| year high C = 13.3
| Jan mean C = -1.4
| Feb mean C = -0.4
| Mar mean C = 3.4
| Apr mean C = 9.4
| May mean C = 13.8
| Jun mean C = 17.5
| Jul mean C = 19.3
| Aug mean C = 18.9
| Sep mean C = 14.0
| Oct mean C = 8.9
| Nov mean C = 4.2
| Dec mean C = 0.1
| year mean C = 9.0
| Jan low C = -3.9
| Feb low C = -3.1
| Mar low C = -0.4
| Apr low C = 4.3
| May low C = 8.8
| Jun low C = 12.4
| Jul low C = 14.3
| Aug low C = 14.0
| Sep low C = 9.7
| Oct low C = 5.5
| Nov low C = 1.6
| Dec low C = -2.4
| year low C = 5.1
| Jan record low C = -26.6
| Feb record low C = -29.9
| Mar record low C = -20.9
| Apr record low C = -6.2
| May record low C = -2.9
| Jun record low C = 0.8
| Jul record low C = 4.6
| Aug record low C = 5.2
| Sep record low C = -0.9
| Oct record low C = -6.5
| Nov record low C = -15.4
| Dec record low C = -23.2
| year record low C = -29.9
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 35.7
| Feb precipitation mm = 33.1
| Mar precipitation mm = 40.3
| Apr precipitation mm = 43.2
| May precipitation mm = 74.9
| Jun precipitation mm = 79.2
| Jul precipitation mm = 93.7
| Aug precipitation mm = 62.1
| Sep precipitation mm = 60.8
| Oct precipitation mm = 48.3
| Nov precipitation mm = 41.8
| Dec precipitation mm = 34.9
| year precipitation mm = 647.9
| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 17.73
| Feb precipitation days = 15.73
| Mar precipitation days = 15.69
| Apr precipitation days = 12.57
| May precipitation days = 14.52
| Jun precipitation days = 14.23
| Jul precipitation days = 15.17
| Aug precipitation days = 12.33
| Sep precipitation days = 12.20
| Oct precipitation days = 14.37
| Nov precipitation days = 15.17
| Dec precipitation days = 17.27
| year precipitation days = 176.97
| unit snow days = 0 cm
| Jan snow days = 17.8
| Feb snow days = 16.0
| Mar snow days = 8.0
| Apr snow days = 1.3
| May snow days = 0.0
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.4
| Nov snow days = 4.7
| Dec snow days = 14.1
| year snow days = 62.3
| Jan humidity = 86.2
| Feb humidity = 82.2
| Mar humidity = 75.9
| Apr humidity = 67.2
| May humidity = 69.7
| Jun humidity = 69.9
| Jul humidity = 70.3
| Aug humidity = 71.5
| Sep humidity = 77.8
| Oct humidity = 82.6
| Nov humidity = 86.7
| Dec humidity = 87.4
| year humidity = 
| Jan sun = 50.8
| Feb sun = 66.0
| Mar sun = 121.7
| Apr sun = 185.8
| May sun = 231.4
| Jun sun = 233.9
| Jul sun = 245.4
| Aug sun = 237.8
| Sep sun = 166.8
| Oct sun = 111.2
| Nov sun = 54.5
| Dec sun = 40.4
| year sun = 1745.8
| source 1 = 폴란드 기상수자원관리연구소 (평년값: 1991년~2020년, 극값: 1951년~현재)<ref name=IMGWtavg>
{{웹 인용
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211203115527/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TSR_AVE
| archive-date = 3 December 2021
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TSR_AVE
| title = Średnia dobowa temperatura powietrza
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = 폴란드 기상수자원관리연구소
| language = pl
| access-date = 22 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWtmin>
{{웹 인용
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115043924/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMIN_AVE
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMIN_AVE
| title = Średnia minimalna temperatura powietrza
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = 폴란드 기상수자원관리연구소
| language = pl
| access-date = 22 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWtmax>
{{웹 인용
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115044916/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMAX_AVE
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMAX_AVE
| title = Średnia maksymalna temperatura powietrza
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = 폴란드 기상수자원관리연구소
| language = pl
| access-date = 22 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWprecip>
{{웹 인용
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220109045820/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_SUMA
| archive-date = 9 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_SUMA
| title = Miesięczna suma opadu
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = 폴란드 기상수자원관리연구소
| language = pl
| access-date = 22 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWprecipdays>
{{웹 인용
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115051112/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_01
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_01
| title = Liczba dni z opadem >= 0,1 mm
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = 폴란드 기상수자원관리연구소
| language = pl
| access-date = 22 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWsnowdepth>
{{웹 인용
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115054936/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_SR_GRUB
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_SR_GRUB
| title = Średnia grubość pokrywy śnieżnej
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = 폴란드 기상수자원관리연구소
| language = pl
| access-date = 22 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWsnowdays>
{{웹 인용
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220121044246/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_0
| archive-date = 21 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_0
| title = Liczba dni z pokrywą śnieżna > 0 cm
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = 폴란드 기상수자원관리연구소
| language = pl
| access-date = 22 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWsun>
{{웹 인용
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115055331/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/USL
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/USL
| title = Średnia suma usłonecznienia (h)
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020
| publisher = 폴란드 기상수자원관리연구소
| language = pl
| access-date = 22 January 2022}}</ref>
| source 2 = Meteomodel.pl (극값 일부, 상대습도)<ref name=recordhigh>
{{웹 인용
| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=350190550&par=tmax&max_empty=3
| title = Częstochowa Absolutna temperatura maksymalna
| date = 6 April 2018
| publisher = Meteomodel.pl
| language = pl
| access-date = 22 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=recordlow>
{{웹 인용
| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=350190550&par=tmin&max_empty=3
| title = Częstochowa Absolutna temperatura minimalna
| date = 6 April 2018
| publisher = Meteomodel.pl
| language = pl
| access-date = 22 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=relativehumidity>
{{웹 인용
| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=350190550&par=rh&max_empty=3
| title = Częstochowa Średnia wilgotność
| date = 6 April 2018
| publisher = Meteomodel.pl
| language = pl
| access-date = 22 January 2022}}</ref>
}}

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

{{실롱스크주}}
{{전거 통제}}


[[분류:쳉스토호바| ]]
[[분류:실롱스크주의 도시]]
[[분류:폴란드의 도시]]
[[분류:폴란드의 도시군]]