{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{chembox
| name= 조효소 B
| Verifiedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 464184867
| ImageFile=Coenzyme B (CoB).svg
| ImageSize=
| IUPACName=2-[(7-mercapto-1-oxoheptyl)amino]-3-phosphonooxybutanoic acid
| OtherNames=
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| InChI = 1/C11H22NO7PS/c1-8(19-20(16,17)18)10(11(14)15)12-9(13)6-4-2-3-5-7-21/h8,10,21H,2-7H2,1H3,(H,12,13)(H,14,15)(H2,16,17,18)/t8-,10-/m1/s1
| InChIKey = JBJSVEVEEGOEBZ-PSASIEDQBT
| InChI1 = 1/C11H22NO7PS/c1-8(19-20(16,17)18)10(11(14)15)12-9(13)6-4-2-3-5-7-21/h8,10,21H,2-7H2,1H3,(H,12,13)(H,14,15)(H2,16,17,18)
| InChIKey1 = JBJSVEVEEGOEBZ-UHFFFAOYAG
| SMILES1 = O=C(NC(C(=O)O)C(OP(=O)(O)O)C)CCCCCCS
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C11H22NO7PS/c1-8(19-20(16,17)18)10(11(14)15)12-9(13)6-4-2-3-5-7-21/h8,10,21H,2-7H2,1H3,(H,12,13)(H,14,15)(H2,16,17,18)
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = JBJSVEVEEGOEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo=104302-77-4
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 9GS022ISQL
| PubChem=350
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 343
| SMILES = O=C(N[C@@H](C(=O)O)[C@H](OP(=O)(O)O)C)CCCCCCS
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula={{chem|C|11|H|22|NO|7|PS}}
| MolarMass=343.333641
| Appearance=
| Density=
| MeltingPt=
| BoilingPt=
| Solubility=
  }}
|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards=
| FlashPt=
| AutoignitionPt =
  }}
}}
'''조효소 B'''({{llang|en|coenzyme B}})는 [[메테인 생성균]]의 [[산화환원반응]]에 필요한 [[조효소]]이다. 조효소 B의 전체 화학명은 '''7-머캅토헵타노일트레오닌포스페이트'''({{llang|en|7-mercaptoheptanoylthreoninephosphate}})이다.<ref>{{저널 인용|vauthors=Noll KM, Rinehart KL, Tanner RS, Wolfe RS |title=Structure of component B (7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate) of the methylcoenzyme M methylreductase system of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=83 |issue=12 |pages=4238–42 |year=1986 |pmid=3086878 |doi=10.1073/pnas.83.12.4238 |pmc=323707|doi-access=free }}</ref> 조효소 B에는 주요 반응 부위인 [[싸이올]]이 포함되어 있다.

조효소 B는 2-메틸싸이오에테인설포네이트(메틸-[[조효소 M]], 약칭 {{chem|CH|3|–S–CoM}})과 반응하여 [[메테인 생성 경로]]에서 [[메테인]]을 방출한다.<ref>{{저널 인용 |author=Thauer RK |title=Biochemistry of methanogenesis: a tribute to Marjory Stephenson. 1998 Marjory Stephenson Prize Lecture |journal=Microbiology |volume=144 |issue=Pt 9 |pages=2377–406 |date=September 1998 |pmid=9782487 |url=http://mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9782487 |doi=10.1099/00221287-144-9-2377 |doi-access=free |access-date=2022-04-01 |archive-date=2020-05-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517185916/http://http%3a//mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup%3Fview%3Dlong%26pmid%3D9782487/ |url-status= }}</ref>
:CH<sub>3</sub>-S-CoM + HS-CoB  →  CH<sub>4</sub> + CoB-S-S-CoM
이러한 전환은 [[보결분자단]]으로 [[보조 인자 F430|보조 인자 F<sub>430</sub>]]을 포함하는 [[효소]]인 [[조효소 B 설포에틸싸이오트랜스퍼레이스]]에 의해 촉매된다.

HS-CoB와 HS-CoM을 모두 활용하는 관련 질환은 [[푸마르산 환원효소]]에 의해 [[촉매]]되는 [[푸마르산]]의 [[석신산]]으로의 환원 과정이다.<ref>{{저널 인용|vauthors=Heim S, Künkel A, Thauer RK, Hedderich R |title=Thiol:fumarate reductase (Tfr) from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum—identification of the catalytic sites for fumarate reduction and thiol oxidation |journal=Eur. J. Biochem. |volume=253 |issue=1 |pages=292–9 |date=April 1998 |pmid=9578488 |doi=10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2530292.x}}</ref>
: HS-CoM + HS-CoB +  <sup>−</sup>{{chem|O|2|CCH{{=}}CHCO|2|-}}  →  <sup>−</sup>{{chem|O|2|CCH|2|–CH|2|CO|2|-}}  +  CoB-S-S-CoM

== 메테인 생성 경로에서 조효소 B의 중요성 ==
조효소 B는 메테인 생성 경로의 마지막 단계에서 중요한 구성 요소이다.<ref>{{저널 인용|last1=Dey|first1=Mishtu|last2=Li|first2=Xianghui|last3=Kunz|first3=Ryan C|last4=Ragsdale|first4=Stephen W|date=2010-12-22|title=Detection of Organometallic and Radical Intermediates in the Catalytic Mechanism of Methyl-Coenzyme M Reductase Using the Natural Substrate Methyl-Coenzyme M and a Coenzyme B Substrate Analogue|url=https://pubs-acs-org.hunter.cuny.edu/doi/abs/10.1021/bi101562m|journal=Biochemistry (Easton)|volume=49|issue=51|pages=10902–10911|doi=10.1021/bi101562m|pmid=21090696}}{{깨진 링크|url=https://pubs-acs-org.hunter.cuny.edu/doi/abs/10.1021/bi101562m }}</ref> 조효소 B는 조효소 M(메틸-조효소)을 메테인과 헤테로다이설파이드로 환원시키는 전자 공여체 역할을 한다.<ref>{{저널 인용|last1=Cedervall|first1=Peder E|last2=Dey|first2=Mishtu|last3=Pearson|first3=Arwen R|last4=Ragsdale|first4=Stephen W|last5=Wilmot|first5=Carrie M|date=2010-07-22|title=Structural Insight into Methyl-Coenzyme M Reductase Chemistry Using Coenzyme B Analogues.|url= |journal=Biochemistry (Easton)|volume=49|issue=35|pages=7683–7693|doi=10.1021/bi100458d|pmid=20707311|pmc=3098740}}</ref> 하나는 조효소 B를 사용하고 다른 하나는 조효소 B를 사용하지 않는 두 개의 개별 실험에서 메테인 분자가 형성되기 전에 조효소 B를 사용하면 보다 더 효율적이고 일관된 결합 절단이 일어남을 나타낸다.<ref>{{저널 인용|last1=Horng|first1=Yih-Chern|last2=Becker|first2=Donald F|last3=Ragsdale|first3=Stephen W|date=2001-10-30|title=Mechanistic Studies of Methane Biogenesis by Methyl-Coenzyme M Reductase: Evidence that Coenzyme B Participates in Cleaving the C−S Bond of Methyl-Coenzyme M|url=https://pubs-acs-org.hunter.cuny.edu/doi/abs/10.1021/bi011196y|journal=Biochemistry (Easton)|volume=40|issue=43|pages=12875–12885|doi=10.1021/bi011196y|pmid=11669624}}{{깨진 링크|url=https://pubs-acs-org.hunter.cuny.edu/doi/abs/10.1021/bi011196y }}</ref>

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[메테인 생성균]]
* [[조효소 M]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

{{효소 보조 인자}}

[[분류:조효소]]
[[분류:싸이올]]
[[분류:카복사마이드]]