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'''체중 감소'''(體重減少, {{llang|en|weight loss, slimming}})는 의학, 건강, [[피트니스]] 등에서 체액, 체지방([[지방 조직]]), 제지방(전체 체중에서 체지방을 제외한 체중, 근육, 힘줄, 기타 결합 조직) 등의 감소로 말미암은 총 [[몸무게]]의 감소를 가리킨다. 체중 감소는 [[영양실조]] 또는 기반이 되는 질병로 인해 의도적이지 않게 발생하거나 [[과체중]]이나 [[비만증]]을 개선하기 위한 노력에 의해 발생할 수 있다. 칼로리 섭취 감소 또는 운동 부족에 의해서가 아닌 "설명되지 않는" 체중 감소는 [[악액질]](cachexia)이라고 하며 심각한 [[질병]]의 증상일 수 있다. 의도적인 체중 감소는 보통 살빼기(slimming)라고 한다.

== 의도적인 체중 감소 ==
의도적인 체중 감소는 [[피트니스]]와 건강을 개선하거나 살빼기를 통해 [[용모]]를 바꾸려는 노력의 결과로서 이루어지는 총 체질량의 감소를 말한다. 체중 감소는 주된 [[비만증 관리|비만증 치료]] 방법이다.<ref name="USDietaryGuidelines2015">{{웹 인용|author1=US Department of Health and Human Services. |title=2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans - health.gov |url=https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/ |website=health.gov |publisher=Skyhorse Publishing Inc. |access-date=30 September 2019 |date=2017}}</ref><ref name="AACAHA2019">{{저널 인용|last1=Arnett |first1=Donna K. |last2=Blumenthal |first2=Roger S. |last3=Albert |first3=Michelle A. |last4=Buroker |first4=Andrew B. |last5=Goldberger |first5=Zachary D. |last6=Hahn |first6=Ellen J. |last7=Himmelfarb |first7=Cheryl D. |last8=Khera |first8=Amit |last9=Lloyd-Jones |first9=Donald |last10=McEvoy |first10=J. William |last11=Michos |first11=Erin D. |last12=Miedema |first12=Michael D. |last13=Muñoz |first13=Daniel |last14=Smith |first14=Sidney C. |last15=Virani |first15=Salim S. |last16=Williams |first16=Kim A. |last17=Yeboah |first17=Joseph |last18=Ziaeian |first18=Boback |title=2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease |journal=Circulation |volume=140 |issue=11 |pages=e596–e646 |date=17 March 2019 |doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000000678 |pmid=30879355 |pmc=7734661 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="USGuidelines2013">{{저널 인용|last1=Jensen |first1=MD |last2=Ryan |first2=DH |last3=Apovian |first3=CM |last4=Ard |first4=JD |last5=Comuzzie |first5=AG |last6=Donato |first6=KA |last7=Hu |first7=FB |last8=Hubbard |first8=VS |last9=Jakicic |first9=JM |last10=Kushner |first10=RF |last11=Loria |first11=CM |last12=Millen |first12=BE |last13=Nonas |first13=CA |last14=Pi-Sunyer |first14=FX |last15=Stevens |first15=J |last16=Stevens |first16=VJ |last17=Wadden |first17=TA |last18=Wolfe |first18=BM |last19=Yanovski |first19=SZ |last20=Jordan |first20=HS |last21=Kendall |first21=KA |last22=Lux |first22=LJ |last23=Mentor-Marcel |first23=R |last24=Morgan |first24=LC |last25=Trisolini |first25=MG |last26=Wnek |first26=J |last27=Anderson |first27=JL |last28=Halperin |first28=JL |last29=Albert |first29=NM |last30=Bozkurt |first30=B |last31=Brindis |first31=RG |last32=Curtis |first32=LH |last33=DeMets |first33=D |last34=Hochman |first34=JS |last35=Kovacs |first35=RJ |last36=Ohman |first36=EM |last37=Pressler |first37=SJ |last38=Sellke |first38=FW |last39=Shen |first39=WK |last40=Smith SC |first40=Jr |last41=Tomaselli |first41=GF |last42=American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice |first42=Guidelines. |last43=Obesity |first43=Society. |title=2013 AHA/ACC/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. |journal=Circulation |date=24 June 2014 |volume=129 |issue=25 Suppl 2 |pages=S102-38 |doi=10.1161/01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee |pmid=24222017|pmc=5819889 |type=Professional society guideline}}</ref>

== 의도적이지 않은 체중 감소 ==
{{참고|식사장애}}
의도적이지 않은 체중 감소는 체내 지방 소실, 체액 소실, [[근위축증]], 또는 이들 간의 결합을 통해 발생할 수 있다.<ref name=NCI-PDQ /><ref name="Huffman-2002">{{저널 인용|last=Huffman|first=GB|title=Evaluating and treating unintentional weight loss in the elderly|journal=American Family Physician|date=15 February 2002|volume=65|issue=4|pages=640–50|pmid=11871682}}</ref> 최소 10%의 인간 몸무게가 6개월에 걸쳐<ref name=NCI-PDQ>{{웹 인용|last=National Cancer Institute|title=Nutrition in cancer care (PDQ)|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0032688/|work=Physician Data Query|publisher=National Cancer Institute|access-date=3 July 2013|date=November 2011}}</ref><ref name="Payne 2012">{{저널 인용|last=Payne|first=C|author2=Wiffen, PJ |author3=Martin, S |title=Interventions for fatigue and weight loss in adults with advanced progressive illness|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|date=18 January 2012|volume=1|pages=CD008427|pmid=22258985|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD008427.pub2|editor1-last=Payne|editor1-first=Cathy}} {{Retracted |doi=10.1002/14651858.cd008427.pub3}}</ref>, 또는 한 달 안에 5%가 소실되었을 때에는 의료 문제로 간주되는 것이 보통이다.<ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://archive.org/details/roleofnutritioni0000inst |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/roleofnutritioni0000inst/page/67 67]|title=The role of nutrition in maintaining health in the nation's elderly: evaluating coverage of nutrition services for the Medicare population |publisher=National Academies Press |author=Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Nutrition Services for Medicare Beneficiaries|isbn=978-0-309-06846-8|date=2000-06-09}}</ref> 너무 낮게 체중 측정이 되는 또다른 기준은 [[체질량 지수]](BMI)이다.<ref name="NICE-NutrSupport">{{저널 인용|last=National Collaborating Centre for Acute Care (UK)|title=Nutrition Support for Adults: Oral Nutrition Support, Enteral Tube Feeding and Parenteral Nutrition|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0009169/|journal=NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 32|publisher=National Collaborating Centre for Acute Care (UK)|date=February 2006}}</ref>

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[신경성 식욕부진증]]
* [[운동 (활동)]]
* [[식이요법]]
* [[저탄수화물 식이요법]]
* [[크라이오테라피]]([[:en:Cryotherapy]], 콜드테라피)

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
{{Medical resources
|  ICD10          = {{ICD10|R|63|4}}
|  ICD9           = {{ICD9|783.21}}
| DiseasesDB=28440
| MeSH=D015431
}}
{{위키공용분류}}
* {{curlie|Health/Weight_Loss/Resources/|Weight loss }}

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:비만]]
[[분류:증상 및 징후]]