{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{Drugbox
| verifiedrevid = 464196835
| drug_name =
| IUPAC_name = (5''R'',9''R'',13''S'',14''S'')-4,5α-Epoxy-14-hydroxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-one
| image = Oxycodone.svg
| width = 225px
| image2 = Oxycodone structure.png
| width2 = 225px

<!--Clinical data-->
| pronounce = ɒksɪˈkəʊdəʊn
| tradename = OxyContin, others
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|oxycodone}}
| MedlinePlus = a682132
| pregnancy_AU = C
| pregnancy_US = B
| legal_AU = Schedule 8
| legal_CA = Schedule I
| legal_DE = Anlage III
| legal_UK = Class A
| legal_US = Schedule II
| legal_status = 
| dependency_liability = High
| routes_of_administration = [[:en:Oral administration|By mouth]], [[:en:sublingual administration|sublingual]], [[근육 주사|intramuscular]], [[수액 (의학)|intravenous]], [[:en:intranasal administration|intranasal]], [[:en:subcutaneous injection|subcutaneous]], [[:en:transdermal administration|transdermal]], [[:en:rectal administration|rectal]], [[:en:epidural administration|epidural]]<ref name="Kalso">{{저널 인용|author = Kalso E |title = Oxycodone |journal = Journal of Pain and Symptom Management |volume = 29 |issue = 5S |pages = S47–S56 |year = 2005 |pmid = 15907646 |doi = 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2005.01.010}}</ref>

<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability = By mouth: 60–87%<ref name = MSR>{{웹 인용|title=Roxicodone, OxyContin (oxycodone) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more |work=Medscape Reference |publisher=WebMD |accessdate=8 April 2014 |url=http://reference.medscape.com/drug/roxicodone-oxycontin-oxycodone-343321#showall}}</ref><ref name="ElliottSmith2016" >{{서적 인용|author1=Jennifer A. Elliott |author2=Howard S. Smith |title=Handbook of Acute Pain Management |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Em7OBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA82 |date=19 April 2016 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-4665-9635-1 |pages=82–}}</ref>
| protein_bound = 45%<ref name = MSR/>
| metabolism = [[간]]: mainly [[:en:CYP3A]], and, to a much lesser extent, [[:en:CYP2D6]] (~5%);<ref name = MSR/> 95% metabolized (i.e., 5% excreted unchanged)<ref name="SmithPassik2008">{{서적 인용|author1=Howard Smith |author2=Steven Passik |title=Pain and Chemical Dependency |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T88C-9VTDXMC&pg=PA195 |date=25 April 2008 |publisher=Oxford University Press USA |isbn=978-0-19-530055-0 |pages=195–}}</ref>
| metabolites = • [[Noroxycodone]] (25%)<ref name=Medscape>{{웹 인용|title=Roxicodone, OxyContin (oxycodone) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more |work=Medscape Reference |publisher=WebMD |accessdate=4 January 2019 |url=http://reference.medscape.com/drug/roxicodone-oxycontin-oxycodone-343321#showall}}</ref><ref name="SmithPassik2008" /><br />• [[Noroxymorphone]] (15%, free and [[:en:Conjugation (biochemistry)|conjugated]])<ref name=Medscape /><ref name="SmithPassik2008" /><br />• [[:en:Oxymorphone]] (11%, conjugated)<ref name=Medscape /><ref name="SmithPassik2008" /><br />• Others (e.g., minor metabolites)<ref name="SmithPassik2008" />
| onset = {{abbrlink|IR|Instant release}}: 10–30 minutes<ref name="ElliottSmith2016" /><ref name="SmithPassik2008"/><br />{{abbrlink|CR|controlled release}}: 1 hour<ref name="YarbroWujcik2010">{{서적 인용|author1=Connie Henke Yarbro |author2=Debra Wujcik|author3=Barbara Holmes Gobel |title=Cancer Nursing: Principles and Practice |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ub6FWXVU7pQC&pg=PA695 |date=15 November 2010 |publisher=Jones & Bartlett Publishers |isbn=978-1-4496-1829-2 |pages=695–}}</ref>
| elimination_half-life = By mouth (IR): 2–3 hrs (same {{abbrlink|t<sub>1/2</sub>|biological half-life}} for all {{abbrlink|ROAs|routes of administration}})<ref name="SmithPassik2008"/><ref name="ElliottSmith2016" /><br />By mouth (CR): 4.5 hrs<ref name="McPhersonPincus2016" >{{서적 인용|author1=Richard A. McPherson |author2=Matthew R. Pincus |title=Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xAzhCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA336 |date=31 March 2016 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-323-41315-2 |pages=336–}}</ref>
| duration_of_action = By mouth (IR): 3–6 hrs<ref name="SmithPassik2008"/><br />By mouth (CR): 10–12 hrs<ref name="sunshine1996"/>
| excretion = [[오줌]] (83%)<ref name = MSR/>

<!--Identifiers-->
| IUPHAR_ligand = 7093
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CAS_number = 76-42-6
| ATC_prefix = N02
| ATC_suffix = AA05
| ATC_supplemental = <br />{{ATC|N02|AA55}} (in combinations)
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 7852
| PubChem = 5284603
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00497
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 4447649
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = CD35PMG570
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D05312
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 656
| synonyms = Eukodal, eucodal; dihydrohydroxycodeinone, 7,8-dihydro-14-hydroxycodeinone, 6-deoxy-7,8-dihydro-14-hydroxy-3-O-methyl-6-oxomorphine<ref name="MerckIndex">{{서적 인용|title=The Merck index|publisher=Merck & Co.|year=2006|location=Whitehouse Station, NJ|edition=14|isbn=978-0-911910-00-1 |editor=O'Neil, Maryadele J. }}</ref>

<!--Chemical data-->
| C=18 |H=21 |N=1 |O=4
| molecular_weight = 315.364 g/mol
| melting_point = 219
| SMILES = O=C4[C@@H]5Oc1c2c(ccc1OC)C[C@H]3N(CC[C@]25[C@@]3(O)CC4)C
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C18H21NO4/c1-19-8-7-17-14-10-3-4-12(22-2)15(14)23-16(17)11(20)5-6-18(17,21)13(19)9-10/h3-4,13,16,21H,5-9H2,1-2H3/t13-,16+,17+,18-/m1/s1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = BRUQQQPBMZOVGD-XFKAJCMBSA-N

<!--Physical data-->
| solubility = HCl: 166
|alt=|caption=|type=|licence_EU=|pregnancy_category=|licence_US=
}}
'''옥시코돈'''({{lang|en|oxycodone}}, 상표명: '''옥시콘틴'''(OxyContin) 등)은 온화한 정도에서부터 심각한 정도에 이르는 [[통증]]을 치료하기 위해 사용되는 [[오피오이드]] 약물이다.<ref name=AHFS2018>{{웹 인용|title=Oxycodone Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/oxycodone.html |website=Drugs.com |publisher=AHFS |accessdate=28 December 2018 |language=en}}</ref> [[구강 투여|구강]]을 통해서 투여되는 것이 보통이며, [[즉각 방출]](immediate release, IR) 또는 [[통제된 방출]] 형태로도 판매된다.<ref name=AHFS2018/> 통증 완화는 보통 15분 내에 시작되며 즉각 방출형을 사용하면 최대 6시간까지 지속된다.<ref name=AHFS2018/> [[영국]]에서는 주사 형태로 판매된다.<ref name=BNF74>{{서적 인용|title=British national formulary : BNF 74|date=2017|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=978-0857112989|page=442|edition=74}}</ref> [[아세트아미노펜]]이나 [[아스피린]]과 더불어 [[복합약]] 또한 구매할 수 있다.<ref name=AHFS2018/>

일반적인 부작용으로는 [[변비]], [[구역질]], 졸림, [[어지럼증]], [[가려움]], [[구강건조증]], [[땀]]이 포함된다.<ref name=AHFS2018/> 심각한 부작용으로는 [[탐닉]], [[호흡 억제]](호흡 노력의 저하), [[저혈압]]이 포함될 수 있다.<ref name=AHFS2018/> [[코데인]]에 알레르기 반응이 있는 사람은 옥시코돈에도 알레르기 반응을 보일 수 있다.<ref name=AHFS2018/> 임신 초기에 옥시코돈을 복용하는 것은 상대적으로 안전한 것으로 간주된다.<ref name=AHFS2018/> 급속도로 중단할 경우 [[오피오이드 금단]]이 발생할 수 있다.<ref name=AHFS2018/> 옥시코돈은 [[μ-오피오이드 수용체]]를 활성화시킴으로써 동작한다.<ref name=TalleyFrankum2015>{{서적 인용|author1=Nicholas J Talley|author2=Brad Frankum|author3=David Currow|title=Essentials of Internal Medicine 3e|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Zq9BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA491|date=10 February 2015|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0-7295-8081-6|pages=491–}}</ref> 구강으로 섭취 시 같은 양의 [[모르핀]] 대비 대략 1.5배의 효력이 있다.<ref>{{저널 인용|title=Stanford School of Medicine, Palliative Care, Opioid Conversion / Equivalency Table|url=https://palliative.stanford.edu/opioid-conversion/equivalency-table/|date=2013-04-20|access-date=2019-03-01|archive-date=2020-09-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200909012800/https://palliative.stanford.edu/opioid-conversion/equivalency-table/|url-status=}}</ref>

옥시코돈은 1916년 [[독일]]에서 [[테바인]]에서 추출하여 처음 개발되었다.<ref name=Oxysynthesis2005>{{서적 인용|author=Sneader, W.|title=Drug discovery: a history |publisher=Wiley |year=2005 |location=Hoboken, NJ |page=119 |isbn=978-0-471-89980-8}}</ref> [[제네릭 의약품]]으로 구매할 수 있다.<ref name=AHFS2018/> 미국의 1도스 당 도매가는 2018년 기준으로 0.30 USD 미만이다.<ref>{{웹 인용 |title=NADAC as of 2018-12-19 |url=https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2018-12-19/g7bs-ahj4 |website=Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services |accessdate=22 December 2018 |language=en |archive-date=2018-12-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219230344/https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2018-12-19/g7bs-ahj4 |url-status=dead }}</ref> 2016년, 1400만 건 이상의 처방과 더불어 미국에서 54번째로 많이 처방된 약물이었다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=The Top 300 of 2019 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |website=clincalc.com |accessdate=22 December 2018}}</ref> 옥시코돈은 일반적인 [[약물 남용|남용 약물]]이 되고 있다.<ref name=Per2018>{{저널 인용|last1=Pergolizzi JV |first1=Jr |last2=Taylor R |first2=Jr |last3=LeQuang |first3=JA |last4=Raffa |first4=RB |title=Managing severe pain and abuse potential: the potential impact of a new abuse-deterrent formulation oxycodone/naltrexone extended-release product. |journal=Journal of Pain Research |date=2018 |volume=11 |pages=301–311 |doi=10.2147/JPR.S127602 |pmid=29445297|pmc= }}</ref>

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}
* [참고][http://www.health.kr/searchDrug/result_drug.asp?drug_cd=A11AEEEEE0038 약학정보원,옥시콘틴]
== 추가 문헌 ==
* {{저널 인용|author1=Coluzzi, F. |author2=Mattia, C. |url=http://www.minervamedica.it/pdf/R02Y2005/R02Y2005N07A0451.pdf |title=Oxycodone. Pharmacological profile and clinical data in chronic pain management |journal=Minerva Anestesiol |date=July–August 2005 |volume=71 |issue=7–8 |pages=451–60 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060309000726/http://www.minervamedica.it/pdf/R02Y2005/R02Y2005N07A0451.pdf |archivedate=March 9, 2006 |pmid=16012419 }}

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:카테콜 에터]]
[[분류:약물 문화]]
[[분류:도취제]]
[[분류:독일의 발명품]]
[[분류:화이자의 제품]]
[[분류:뮤 오피오이드 수용체 작용제]]
[[분류:반합성 오피오이드]]
[[분류:세계 보건 기구 필수 의약품]]
[[분류:4,5-에폭시모르피난]]