{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{Drugbox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 443519547
| IUPAC_name = 3-(2-chloro-10''H''-phenothiazin-10-yl)-''N'',''N''-dimethyl-propan-1-amine
| image = Chlorpromazine.svg
| alt = Skeletal formula of chlorpromazine
| width = 222
| image2 = Chlorpromazine-3D-balls.png
| alt2 = Ball-and-stick model of the chlorpromazine molecule
<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename = Largactil, Thorazine, many others
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|chlorpromazine-hydrochloride}}
| licence_US = Chlorpromazine
| MedlinePlus = a682040
| pregnancy_AU = C
| pregnancy_US = C
| legal_status = Rx-only
| routes_of_administration = Oral (tablets and syrup available), [[좌약|rectal]], [[근육 주사|IM]], [[수액 (의학)|IV infusion]]
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability = 10–80% (Oral; large interindividual variation)<ref name=TGA>{{웹 인용|title=PRODUCT INFORMATION LARGACTIL|work=TGA eBusiness Services|publisher=Sanofi Aventis Pty Ltd|date=28 August 2012|accessdate=8 December 2013|url=https://www.ebs.tga.gov.au/ebs/picmi/picmirepository.nsf/pdf?OpenAgent&id=CP-2010-PI-05882-3|format=PDF|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170330162812/https://www.ebs.tga.gov.au/ebs/picmi/picmirepository.nsf/pdf?OpenAgent&id=CP-2010-PI-05882-3|archivedate=30 March 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| protein_bound = 90–99%<ref name = TGA/>
| metabolism = [[간]], mostly [[:en:CYP2D6]]-mediated<ref name = TGA/>
| elimination_half-life = 30 hours<ref name=AHFS2015/>
| excretion = Urine (43–65% in 24 hrs)<ref name = TGA/>
<!--Identifiers-->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 50-53-3
| CAS_supplemental = (free base)<br/>{{CAS|69-09-0}} (hydrochloride)
| ATC_prefix = N05
| ATC_suffix = AA01
| PubChem = 2726
| IUPHAR_ligand = 83
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00477
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 2625
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = U42B7VYA4P
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D00270
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 3647
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 71
<!--Chemical data-->
| C=17 | H=19 | Cl=1 | N=2 | S=1
| molecular_weight = 318.86 g/mol (free base)<br/>355.33 g/mol (hydrochloride)
| smiles = CN(C)CCCN1c2ccccc2Sc3c1cc(cc3)Cl
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C17H19ClN2S/c1-19(2)10-5-11-20-14-6-3-4-7-16(14)21-17-9-8-13(18)12-15(17)20/h3-4,6-9,12H,5,10-11H2,1-2H3
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = ZPEIMTDSQAKGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
}}

'''클로르프로마진'''({{lang|en|chlorpromazine}}, '''CPZ''', 상표명: Thorazine, Largactil 등)은 [[항정신병제제]] 약물이다.<ref name=AHFS2015/> [[조현병]] 등의 [[정신증]]을 치료하기 위해 주로 사용된다.<ref name=AHFS2015/> 다른 용도로는 [[양극성 장애]], [[주의력결핍 과다행동장애]], [[구역질]] 및 [[구토]], 수술 전 불안, 또 다른 조치로 개선되지 않는 [[딸꾹질]]의 치료가 포함된다.<ref name=AHFS2015/> 구강으로나 [[근육 주사]], [[수액 (의학)|수액]]을 통해 복용할 수 있다.<ref name=AHFS2015/>

일반적인 부작용으로는 [[추체외로 증상|운동 문제]], [[진정작용|졸음]], 구갈(목마름), [[기립성 저혈압]], 몸무게 증가가 포함된다.<ref name=AHFS2015/> 심각한 부작용으로는 잠재적으로 영구적인 운동 질환, [[지발성 안면 마비]], [[신경이완제 악성증후군]], [[백혈구 감소]]가 포함될 수 있다.<ref name=AHFS2015/> [[치매]]로 인하여 정신병이 있는 노인들의 경우 사망의 위험이 증가할 수 있다.<ref name=AHFS2015/> [[임신]] 중에 사용해도 안전한지는 분명하지 않다.<ref name=AHFS2015/> 클로르프로마진은 전형적인 항정신병약계에 속한다.<ref name=AHFS2015/> 동작 구조는 완전히 밝혀져 있지 않으나 [[도파민 길항제]] 기능과 관련된 것으로 짐작된다.<ref name=AHFS2015/> [[항세로토닌성]], [[항히스타민제|항히스타민]]의 속성을 모두 갖추고 있다.<ref name=AHFS2015>{{웹 인용|title=Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/chlorpromazine-hydrochloride.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|accessdate=Dec 1, 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208163938/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/chlorpromazine-hydrochloride.html|archivedate=8 December 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

클로르프로마진은 1950년에 발견되었으며 최초의 항정신병약이었다.<ref name="history05">{{저널 인용|doi=10.1080/10401230591002002|last1=López-Muñoz |first1=Francisco |last2=Alamo |first2=Cecilio |last3=Cuenca|first3=Eduardo|last4=Shen |first4=Winston W. |last5=Clervoy |first5=Patrick |last6=Rubio |first6=Gabriel |year=2005 |title=History of the discovery and clinical introduction of chlorpromazine |journal=Annals of Clinical Psychiatry |volume=17 |issue=3|pages=113–35|pmid=16433053}}</ref><ref name=Ban2007>{{저널 인용|last1=Ban|first1=TA|title=Fifty years chlorpromazine: a historical perspective.|journal=Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment|date=August 2007|volume=3|issue=4|pages=495–500|pmid=19300578|pmc=2655089}}</ref> [[의료제도]]에 필수적인 가장 효과적이고 안전한 의약품 목록인 [[WHO 필수 의약품 목록]]에 등재되어 있다.<ref name=WHO19th>{{웹 인용|title=WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List)|url=http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/EML_2015_FINAL_amended_NOV2015.pdf?ua=1|work=World Health Organization|accessdate=8 December 2016|date=April 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161213052708/http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/EML_2015_FINAL_amended_NOV2015.pdf?ua=1|archivedate=13 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> 이 약물의 도입은 [[정신과학의 역사|정신과학사]]에서 상당한 진보 가운데 하나로 간주되고 있다.<ref>{{저널 인용|last1=López-Muñoz|first1=F|last2=Alamo|first2=C|last3=Cuenca|first3=E|last4=Shen|first4=WW|last5=Clervoy|first5=P|last6=Rubio|first6=G|title=History of the discovery and clinical introduction of chlorpromazine.|journal=Annals of Clinical Psychiatry|date=2005|volume=17|issue=3|pages=113–35|pmid=16433053|doi=10.1080/10401230591002002}}</ref><ref>{{서적 인용|last1=Shorter|first1=Edward|title=A historical dictionary of psychiatry|date=2005|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York|isbn=9780198039235|page=6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M49pEDoEpl0C&pg=PA6|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214213428/https://books.google.com/books?id=M49pEDoEpl0C&pg=PA6|archivedate=14 February 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[제네릭 의약품]]으로 구매가 가능하다.<ref name=AHFS2015/> [[개발도상국]]의 도매가는 하루 당 US$0.02 ~ US$0.12 사이이다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Chlorpromazine HCL|url=http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=173&searchYear=2014|website=International Drug Price Indicator Guide|accessdate=1 December 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329013315/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=173&searchYear=2014|archivedate=29 March 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref> 미국내 도매가는 2019년 기준으로 하루에 약 US$7.80에 달한다.<ref>{{웹 인용 |title=NADAC as of 2019-02-13 |url=https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2019-02-13/and3-kbbi |website=Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services |accessdate=14 February 2019 |language=en |archive-date=2019-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190215050850/https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2019-02-13/and3-kbbi |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== 약리학 ==
=== 약물동력학 ===
[[파일:MetabsofChlorpromazine.svg|섬네일|왼쪽|600px|클로르프로마진의 3가지 일반 대사물질]]
{{-}}

== 연구 ==
클로르프로마진은 [[파울러 자유아메바]]에 감염된 동물들에게 잠정적인 효력이 있으며<ref>{{저널 인용|journal=Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy |date=November 2008 |title=Effect of therapeutic chemical agents in vitro and on experimental meningoencephalitis due to Naegleria fowleri |author1=Kim, JH |author2=Jung, SY |author3=Lee, YJ |author4=Song, KJ |author5=Kwon, D |author6=Kim, K |author7=Park, S |author8=Im, KI |author9=Shin, HJ |pmid=18765686 |doi=10.1128/AAC.00197-08 |pmc=2573150 |volume=52 |issue=11 |pages=4010–4016 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2573150/pdf/0197-08.pdf |format=[[PDF]] |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908170913/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2573150/pdf/0197-08.pdf |archivedate=8 September 2017 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> 항진균, 항균 활동의 [[인 비트로]]를 보여준다.<ref name="Afeltra Verweij pp. 397–407">{{저널 인용| last=Afeltra | first=J. | last2=Verweij | first2=P. E. | title=Antifungal Activity of Nonantifungal Drugs | journal=European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases | publisher=Springer Nature | volume=22 | issue=7 | date=2003-07-01 | issn=0934-9723 | doi=10.1007/s10096-003-0947-x | pages=397–407}}</ref>

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[할로페리돌]]
* [[신경정신약물]]
* [[비정형적 항정신병제제]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* [http://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/dpdirect.jsp?name=Chlorpromazine U.S. National Library of Medicine: Drug Information Portal—Chlorpromazine]

[[분류:알파-1 차단제]]
[[분류:알파-2 차단제]]
[[분류:항구토제]]
[[분류:클로로아렌]]
[[분류:다이메틸아미노 화합물]]
[[분류:젖분비촉진제]]
[[분류:간독소]]
[[분류:페노싸이아진]]
[[분류:전형적 항정신병제제]]
[[분류:세계 보건 기구 필수 의약품]]
[[분류:CYP2D6 억제제]]