{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:Sanctions 2014 Russia2.svg|오른쪽|섬네일|350px|{{범례|#10197e|[[러시아]]}}
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러시아에 대한 제재를 도입한 국가:
{{범례|#11b060|제재를 도입한 국가}}
{{범례|#107e47|일괄적으로 제재를 도입한 유럽 연합 국가들}}
]]
'''다음은 러시아-우크라이나 전쟁 중 국제 제재에 관한 문서이다'''. [[러시아-우크라이나 전쟁]] 중 2014년 2월 말부터 시작된 러시아의 우크라이나 침공 이후 많은 국가들이 [[러시아]]와 [[크림반도]]에 대해 국제적 제재를 가했다. 제재는 [[미국]], [[유럽 연합]], 그 외 여러 나라 및 국제 단체가 하였다. 제제는 러시아 개인, 기업, 공무원에 이루어졌다.<ref>
{{저널 인용|last1=Overland|first1=Indra|last2=Fjaertoft|first2=Daniel|date=2015|title=Financial Sanctions Impact Russian Oil, Equipment Export Ban's Effects Limited|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281776234|journal=Oil and Gas Journal|volume=113|issue=8|pages=66–72|access-date=21 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180222044555/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281776234_Financial_Sanctions_Impact_Russian_Oil_Equipment_Export_Ban%27s_Effects_Limited|archive-date=22 February 2018|url-status=live}}
</ref> 러시아는 오스트레일리아, 캐나다, 노르웨이, 일본, 미국, 유럽 연합으로부터의 식품 수입에 대한 전면 금지를 포함하여 여러 국가에 대한 제재로 대응했다.

제재는 러시아 루블 붕괴와 [[2014~2015년 러시아 경제 위기|러시아 경제 위기]]에 기여했다.<ref>
"[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/18/russia-rouble-threat-nine-countries-remittances Russia’s rouble crisis poses threat to nine countries relying on remittances] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161209201100/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/18/russia-rouble-threat-nine-countries-remittances |date=9 December 2016 }} ". ''The Guardian''. 18 January 2015.
</ref> 또한 여러 유럽 연합 국가에 경제적 피해를 입혔으며, 총 손실액은 1,000억 유로(2015년 기준)로 추산되고 있다.<ref name="newsweek">
{{뉴스 인용|last=Sharkov|first=Damien|url=http://europe.newsweek.com/russian-sanctions-could-cost-europe-100-billion-328999|title=Russian sanctions to 'cost Europe €100bn'|publisher=Newsweek.com|date=19 June 2015|access-date=1 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602183322/http://europe.newsweek.com/russian-sanctions-could-cost-europe-100-billion-328999|archive-date=2 June 2017|url-status=live}}
</ref> 2014년 기준, 러시아 재무장관은 제재로 러시아가 400억 달러의 손실을 입었고 2014년에는 2010년대 석유 과잉으로 인한 같은 해의 유가 하락으로 인해 1,000억 달러의 추가 손실이 발생했다고 발표했다.<ref>Smith, Geoffrey. [http://fortune.com/2014/11/24/finance-minister-oil-slump-sanctions-cost-russia-140-billion-a-year/ "Finance Minister: oil slump, sanctions cost Russia $140 billion a year."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201219081005/https://fortune.com/2014/11/24/finance-minister-oil-slump-sanctions-cost-russia-140-billion-a-year/ |date=19 December 2020 }} 24 November 2014.</ref> 2018년 8월에 부과된 제재에 따라 러시아가 입은 경제적 손실은 예상 GDP 성장률의 약 0.5~1.5%에 달한다. [[블라디미르 푸틴]] 러시아 대통령은 미국이 [[사우디아라비아]]와 공모해 유가를 인하해 러시아 경제를 의도적으로 약화시키고 있다고 비난했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://tass.ru/top-officials/1589319 |title=Владимир Путин: мы сильнее, потому что правы. |access-date=14 April 2019 |archive-date=4 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004213342/https://tass.ru/top-officials/1589319 |url-status=live }}</ref> 2016년 중반까지 러시아는 금융 제재로 인해 약 1,700억 달러의 손실을 입었고 석유 및 가스로 인한 추가 손실은 4,000억 달러였다.<ref>Pettersen, Trude. [https://thebarentsobserver.com/ru/node/414 "Russia loses $600 billion on sanctions and low oil prices."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111222338/https://thebarentsobserver.com/ru/node/414 |date=11 November 2020 }} [[Norwegian Barents Secretariat|The Barents Observer]]. May 2016.</ref> 우크라이나 관리들에 따르면, 제재로 인해 러시아는 우크라이나에 대한 접근 방식을 변경하고 이 지역에서 러시아의 군사적 진군을 약화시켰다.<ref>
''"When the sanctions regime appeared to cost almost nothing to EU trade volume... together with Ukrainian resistance, it forced Russia to change its approach towards Ukraine... So far, an approach {{sic|comprised |hide=y|of}} EU unity and strong solidarity with Ukraine, as well as resistance and reforms implementation, has proved to be the most efficient way to stop Russian military advances."'' – Liubov Nepop, the Head of the Ukrainian Mission to the EU ([http://www.euractiv.com/sections/europes-east/it-time-europe-excuse-russias-aggression-317979 source] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001061202/http://www.euractiv.com/sections/europes-east/it-time-europe-excuse-russias-aggression-317979 |date=1 October 2015 }})
</ref><ref>
"... sanctions and heroism of our warriors are the key elements of deterring the Russian aggression" --the president of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko ([http://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/sankciyi-ta-geroyizm-nashih-voyiniv-ye-klyuchovimi-elementam-35906 source] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113123128/http://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/sankciyi-ta-geroyizm-nashih-voyiniv-ye-klyuchovimi-elementam-35906 |date=13 January 2016 }} )
</ref> 이들 국가의 대표들은 모스크바가 [[민스크 II 협정]]을 이행한 후에야 러시아에 대한 제재를 해제할 것이라고 말하였다.<ref>
{{웹 인용|title=Obama calls on NATO, EU to boost support for Ukraine|url=http://www.unian.info/politics/1407656-obama-calls-on-nato-eu-to-boost-support-for-ukraine.html|website=Unian.info|date=8 July 2016|access-date=8 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160709143927/http://www.unian.info/politics/1407656-obama-calls-on-nato-eu-to-boost-support-for-ukraine.html|archive-date=9 July 2016|url-status=live}}
</ref><ref>
{{웹 인용|title=Austrian foreign minister calls for improving relationship with Moscow|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-austria-idUSKCN0Z50V9|website=Reuters|date=19 June 2016|access-date=1 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417134820/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-austria-idUSKCN0Z50V9|archive-date=17 April 2017|url-status=live}}
</ref><ref>
{{웹 인용|title=Sanctions to be lifted from Russia after implementation of Minsk Agreements – Nuland|url=http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/344131.html|website=Interfax-Ukraine|date=18 May 2016|access-date=8 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160519112927/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/344131.html|archive-date=19 May 2016|url-status=live}}
</ref>

유럽 연합과 미국의 제재는 2022년 2월 현재까지 유효하고 있다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=EU Sanctions Map|url=https://www.sanctionsmap.eu/#/main/details/26/?filters=%7B%22adopted_by.id%22:%7B%221%22:false%7D,%22category.id%22:%7B%7D,%22country.code%22:%7B%22AF%22:false,%22BY%22:false,%22BA%22:false,%22BI%22:false,%22CF%22:false,%22CN%22:false,%22KP%22:false,%22CD%22:false,%22GN%22:false,%22GW%22:false,%22HT%22:false,%22IR%22:false,%22IQ%22:false,%22LB%22:false,%22LY%22:false,%22ML%22:false,%22MD%22:false,%22ME%22:false,%22MM%22:false,%22NI%22:false,%22RU%22:true,%22RS%22:false,%22SO%22:false,%22SS%22:false,%22SD%22:false,%22SY%22:false,%22TN%22:false,%22TR%22:false,%22UA%22:true,%22US%22:false,%22VE%22:false,%22YE%22:false,%22ZW%22:false%7D,%22measures.type.id%22:%7B%222%22:false,%223%22:false,%224%22:false,%227%22:false,%228%22:false,%2211%22:false,%2217%22:false,%2220%22:false,%2225%22:false,%2228%22:false%7D%7D&search=%7B%22value%22:%22%22,%22searchType%22:%7B%7D%7D|access-date=2022-02-19|website=www.sanctionsmap.eu|archive-date=19 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819102125/https://sanctionsmap.eu/#/main/details/26/?filters=%7B%22adopted_by.id%22:%7B%221%22:false%7D,%22category.id%22:%7B%7D,%22country.code%22:%7B%22AF%22:false,%22BY%22:false,%22BA%22:false,%22BI%22:false,%22CF%22:false,%22CN%22:false,%22KP%22:false,%22CD%22:false,%22GN%22:false,%22GW%22:false,%22HT%22:false,%22IR%22:false,%22IQ%22:false,%22LB%22:false,%22LY%22:false,%22ML%22:false,%22MD%22:false,%22ME%22:false,%22MM%22:false,%22NI%22:false,%22RU%22:true,%22RS%22:false,%22SO%22:false,%22SS%22:false,%22SD%22:false,%22SY%22:false,%22TN%22:false,%22TR%22:false,%22UA%22:true,%22US%22:false,%22VE%22:false,%22YE%22:false,%22ZW%22:false%7D,%22measures.type.id%22:%7B%222%22:false,%223%22:false,%224%22:false,%227%22:false,%228%22:false,%2211%22:false,%2217%22:false,%2220%22:false,%2225%22:false,%2228%22:false%7D%7D&search=%7B%22value%22:%22%22,%22searchType%22:%7B%7D%7D|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|title=Ukraine-/Russia-related Sanctions|url=https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/financial-sanctions/sanctions-programs-and-country-information/ukraine-russia-related-sanctions|access-date=2022-02-19|website=U.S. Department of the Treasury|language=en|archive-date=23 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220223052332/https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/financial-sanctions/sanctions-programs-and-country-information/ukraine-russia-related-sanctions|url-status=live}}</ref> 2022년 1월, 유럽 연합은 2022년 7월 31일까지 제재를 연장한다고 발표했다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Russia: EU renews economic sanctions over the situation in Ukraine for further six months|url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2022/01/13/russia-eu-renews-economic-sanctions-over-the-situation-in-ukraine-for-further-six-months/|access-date=2022-02-19|website=www.consilium.europa.eu|language=en|archive-date=19 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220219124841/https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2022/01/13/russia-eu-renews-economic-sanctions-over-the-situation-in-ukraine-for-further-six-months/|url-status=live}}</ref>

2022년 2월 말 [[2022년 러시아의 우크라이나 침공|러시아의 우크라이나 침공]] 이후 미국, 유럽 연합, 기타 국가에서는 블라디미르 푸틴과 기타 정부 구성원에 대해 제재를 도입하거나 크게 확대했다. [[SWIFT]]는 러시아를 차단하였다.<ref>{{웹 인용|last=Melander |first=Ingrid |last2=Gabriela |first2=Baczynska |date=24 February 2022 |title=EU targets Russian economy after 'deluded autocrat' Putin invades Ukraine |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-launch-new-sanctions-against-russia-over-barbaric-attack-ukraine-2022-02-24/ |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=[[Reuters]] |archive-date=26 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226002323/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-launch-new-sanctions-against-russia-over-barbaric-attack-ukraine-2022-02-24/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|date=25 February 2022 |title=China State Banks Restrict Financing for Russian Commodities |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-02-25/chinese-state-banks-restrict-financing-for-russian-commodities |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=[[Bloomberg News]] |archive-date=25 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225234148/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-02-25/chinese-state-banks-restrict-financing-for-russian-commodities |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|date=25 February 2022 |title=Western Countries Agree To Add Putin, Lavrov To Sanctions List |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/eu-sanctions-putin-lavrov/31723682.html |access-date=26 February 2022 |archive-date=26 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226005425/https://www.rferl.org/a/eu-sanctions-putin-lavrov/31723682.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|last=Holland |first=Steve |last2=Chalmers |first2=John |last3=Psaledakis |first3=Daphne |date=26 February 2022 |title=U.S., allies target 'fortress Russia' with new sanctions, including SWIFT ban |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-announces-new-russia-sanctions-with-us-others-including-swift-2022-02-26/ |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=[[Reuters]] |archive-date=26 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226221858/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-announces-new-russia-sanctions-with-us-others-including-swift-2022-02-26/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|last=Collins |first=Kaitlan |last2=Mattingly |first2=Phil |last3=Liptak |first3=Kevin |last4=Judd |first4=Donald |date=26 February 2022 |title=White House and EU nations announce expulsion of 'selected Russian banks' from SWIFT |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/02/26/politics/biden-ukraine-russia-swift/index.html |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=[[CNN]] |archive-date=26 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226180423/https://www.cnn.com/2022/02/26/politics/biden-ukraine-russia-swift/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[대륙봉쇄령]]
* [[우크라이나의 경제]]
* [[마그니츠키법]]
* [[2014~2015년 러시아 경제 위기]]
* [[적성국교역법]]
== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

[[분류:러시아-우크라이나 전쟁]]
[[분류:2010년대 국제 관계]]
[[분류:2020년대 국제 관계]]
[[분류:2010년대 경제]]
[[분류:2020년대 경제]]
[[분류:러시아에 대한 보이콧]]
[[분류:러시아의 대외 관계]]
[[분류:국제 제재]]
[[분류:러시아의 우크라이나 침공에 대한 반응]]