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{{신학자 정보
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'''마르틴 켐니츠'''(Martin Chemnitz, 1522년 11월 9일~1586년 4월 8일)는 [[독일]]의 저명한 제 2세대 [[루터란]] 신학자이며 [[종교 개혁가]]이다.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911 인용|wstitle=Chemnitz, Martin|volume=6|page=76}}</ref> 루터란 전통속에서 그는 제 2의 [[마르틴 루터]]로 알려져 있다.<ref>The Commission on Worship of the Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod, ''Lutheran Service Book'', (St. Louis:CPH, 2006), xii-xiii.</ref>

== 예배에 관하여<ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/858901073|제목=The theology of the Westminster standards : historical context and theological insights|성=Fesko, J. V., 1970-|이름=|날짜=|판=|출판사=|위치=Wheaton, Illinois|쪽=344|장=|isbn=978-1-4335-3311-2}}</ref> ==
그는 공예배에 대하여 사람이 정한 행사가 대체 할 수 없는 이유에 대하여 여덟가지로 정리하였다.

# 행사는 하나님으로부터 온 기관을 갖고 있지 않다.
# 성자께서는 교회가 성례 이외에 다른 어떤 행사를 첨가할 수 있도록 허용하지 않았다.
# 사람이 만든 행사의 기원은 하나님에 의해 정해진 예배에 아름다움을 첨가하려는 것이므로, 하나님이 정해 주신 예배의 단순함이 불충분하다는 것이므로, 이것은 받아들일 수 없는 결론이다.
# 사람이 만든 행사의 자랑과 광채는 하나님에 의해 미리 정해진 예배를 불분명하게 만든다.
# 로마가톨릭의 미사는 의도적으로, 하나님으로부터의 말씀과 약속과는 별도의 축복을 부여한다.
# 일반인의 눈에는 사람이 고안한 행사가 하나님에 의해 직접 정해진 예배와 동등하다고 여겨지므로, 이것은 받아들일 수 없는 결론이다.
# 고대 교회에서 행해졌던 많은 의식들은 필수가 아니라 선택사항이었다.
# 교회에서 사람들은 하나님에 의해 명령된 예배와 사람이 만든 것과 혼동한다. 그러므로 결국 하나님의 말씀의 권위를 파괴하게 된다.

==작품==

===자서전===
*''Martin Chemnitii einhändige Lebens-Beschreibung. Nebst denen ihm zu Braunschweig gesetzen Epitaphiis [Martin Chemnitz's Submitted Life-Description {Autobiography}. Together with the Epitaphs Erected to Him in Braunschweig]''. 1719. Translated into English as ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=fi8bAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA472&vq=%22An+Autobiography+of+Martin+Kemnitz%22&source=gbs_search_r&cad=1_1 An Autobiography of Martin Chemnitz].'' A.L. Graebner, trans. ''Theological Quarterly'', vol. 3, no. 4 (1899).

===교회치리===
*''Brevis et Simplex Forma Examinis de Praecipuis Doctrinae Caelestis Capitibus [Brief and Simple Form of Examination concerning the Principal Chapters of Celestial Doctrine].'' 1571.<ref>The title page continues the title: "Primum germanice per reverendum virum, D. Martinum Kemnitium, S. Theologiae Doctorem, in usum Pastorum minus exercitatorum conscripta: Nunc vero voluntate Authoris & loco Confessionis Ministerii Ecclesiae Brunsuicensis latine conversa per Ionnem Zangerum Oenipontanum."</ref>
*''Kirchen-Ordnung, wie es mit Lehr und Ceremonien des Fürstenthums-Braunschweig [Church Order, As to Doctrine and Ceremonies, of the Duchy of Braunschweig]''. 1569.
*''Ministry, Word, and Sacraments: An Enchiridion.'' Luther Poellot, trans. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1981. (Originally published in 1593 [German] and 1603 [Latin] as ''Enchiridion D. Martini Chemnitii''.)
*''Ein Schone vnnd richtige Form zu beichten [A Good and Proper Form for Confess{ing} {One's Sins}].'' 1603.

===신앙고백서===
*''Acta formulae concordiae in Bergensi coenobio prope Magdeburgum [Records of the ''Formula of Concord'' in Bergen Abbey near Magdeburg]''. 1707 with Nicholas Selnecker. (The deliberations of the writers of the ''[[Formula of Concord]]'' to finalize that document).
* ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=W-RDAAAAcAAJ Apologia, oder Verantwortung deẞ Christlichen ConcordienBuchs]'', which appeared in Latin translation as ''[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_Pps8AAAAcAAJ Apologia libri Christianae concordiae] [literally: Apology of the Christian Book of  Concord]''. with Timothy Kirchner and Nicolaus Selneccer, 1583. (known as ''The Apology of the [[Formula of Concord]]'')
*''Christliches Bedenken auf Doct. Majors Repetitio und endliche Erklärung belangend den Streit [Christian Reflections on Dr. Major's {work}, "Repetitio," and Finally {an} Explanation As Far As the Controversy Is Concerned]''. 1568.
*''Confessio ministeri Saxoni Konfession und Erklärung [Confession of the Ministers of Saxony: Confession and Explanation]''. 1571. (Text in German).
*''Corpus doctrinae Prutenicum [The Prussian Body of Doctrine]''. 1568. (An Anthology of Lutheran Statements of Faith for the German domain of Prussia)
*''Corpus doctrinae Julium [The {Duke} Julius Body of Doctrine]''. 1576. (An Anthology of Lutheran Statements of Faith for Duke Julius's Duchy of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel).
*''Formulae Recte Sentiendi de Praecipuis Horum Temporum Controversiis [Forms of Thinking Correctly concerning the Chief Controversies of These Times]''. 1576 (Found in the ''Corpus Doctrinae Wilhelminum'' and the ''Corpus Doctrinae Iulium'').
*''Judicium de Controversiis qvibusdam circa qvosdam A.C. articulos.'' 1594. Also known as: ''De Controversiis quibusdam, quae superiori tempore circa quosdam Augustanae Confessionis articulos motae agitatae sunt, Iudicium d. Martini Chemnitii'', Polycarp Leyser, ed. Wittenberg, 1594 [''Judgment on Certain Controversies concerning Certain Articles of the [[Augsburg Confession]] Which Have Recently Arisen and Caused Controversy''].<ref>English translation in Robert Kolb et al., ''Sources and Contexts of The Book of Concord'', (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2001), 197-219.</ref>
*''Solida ac vera Confessionis Augustanae historie ... [History of the Solid and True Augsburg Confession]'' with Timothy Kirchner and Nicholas Selnecker, 1585.
*''Wiederholte Christi gemeine Confession der Sächischen Kirchen [Reiterated Christian General Confession of the Saxon Church].''

===설교===
*''Andächtige Gebete wider die Teuffel in den armen besessen Leuten [Devout Prayers against the Devil in the Poor Possessed People]''. 1596.
*''Eine andere Predigt von auffrichtung Christlicher Schulen [Another Sermon on the Erecting of Christian Schools]''. 1573.
*''Consilium ... de lectione patrum [Counsel ... On the Reading of the {church} Fathers]''. 1616.
*''Echt evangelische aulegung de Sonn- und Festtags-evangelien des kirchenjahrs [Genuinely Evangelical Interpretation of the Sunday and Feastday Gospels of the Church Year]''. 1872–1878.
** [https://archive.org/details/echtevangelisch05gerhgoog Erster Band]
** [https://archive.org/details/echtevangelisch04gerhgoog Zweiter Band]
** [https://archive.org/details/echtevangelisch02gerhgoog Dritter Band]
** [https://books.google.com/books?id=PvwGv-3SpQYC Vierter Band]
** [https://books.google.com/books?id=_671LQ8xMH0C Fünfter Band]
**Sechster Band
** [https://archive.org/details/echtevangelisch03gerhgoog Siebenter Band]
*''Harmoniae Evangelicae [Harmony of the Gospels].'' 1593.
*''Historia der Passion Christi [History of the Passion of Christ].'' 1590.
*''Leich-Pred., Herrn Victor Beseken, gewessen Bürgemeisters in Bremen [Funeral Sermon for Lord Victor Beseken, Former Mayor of [[Bremen (city)|Bremen]]]'' 1612.
*''Leich-Predigt, in funere Christoph von Blanckenburg, anno 1573 gethan [Funeral Sermon, at the Burial of Christoph von Blanckenburg, given in the Year 1573]''. 1578.
*''Oratio de Lectione Patrum, habita [Oration Concerning the Reading of the Fathers, Delivered ...]''. 1554.
*''Oratio habita in Introductione Universitatis Juliae [{An} Oration Delivered at the Introduction of the University of {Duke} Julius].'' 1576
*''Oratio panegyrica, das ist, Trost- und Ehren-Predigt bey des weyland ... M. Chemnitii ... Leichbestätigung [Panegyrical Oration, that is, Comforting and Honoring Sermon of M. Chemnitz at the formerly ... Burial].'' 1627.
*''Postilla: oder Auslegung der Euangelien welche auff die Sontage, auch die fürnembste Fest und Apostel Tage in der Gemeine Gottes abgelesen und erkläret werden [Postils: Or Interpretation of the Gospels, which on the Sundays, also the Foremost Feast and Apostle Days, in the Congregation of God Are Read and Explained].'' 1593.
*''Postille, oder Erklärung der ordentlichen Sonn- und Fest-Tags Evangelien [Postil, or Explanation of the Proper Sun- and Feastdays' Gospels].'' 1594.
*''Predigt am Sonntag Septuagesima [Sermon for Septuagesima Sunday].'' 1866.
*''Eine Predigt bey der Einführung der Julius-Universität zu Helmstedt [A Sermon at the Introduction of the {Duke} Julius-University at Helmstedt].'' [German text of ''Oratio habita in Introductione Universitatis Juliae''] 1576.
*''Eine Predigt über das Evangelion Matthew 22 [A Sermon on Matthew 22].'' 1573.
*''Ein Predigt ... über John 3:1-15 (über Luke 18:9-14) [A Sermon ... on John 3:1-15 (on Luke 18:9-14)].'' 1856–1886.

===편지===
*''Epistola de coena Domini in tertiam Apologiam Bezae [Letter Concerning the Lord's Supper in the Third Apology of Beza].''
*''Epistolae Martini Chemnitii ad Matthiam Ritterum [Letters of Martin Chemnitz to Matthias Ritter].''

===Preface to a work by [[Heinrich Bünting]]===
*''Prefatio Doctoris M. Chemnitij [to] Heinrich Bünting's Itineranium et Chronicon ecclesiasticum totius Sacrae Scriptureae [Preface of Doctor M{artin} Chemnitz to Heinrich Bünting's Itinerary and Ecclesiastical Chronicle of All the Holy Scriptures].'' 1581.

===Reports and task force studies (''Gutachten'')===
*''Bedencken: An justum sit, fures punire suspendie [Reflection: Whether It Be Just, to Punish Thieves By Hanging]''.
*''Bedencken der Theologen zu Braunschwiegk/von dem newen Wittenbergischen Catchismo gestallet/der gantzen Christenheit zur Warnung ausgengen [Reflection of the Theologians of Braunschweig on the New Placed Wittenberg Catechism to All Christendom Sent Out As a Warning]''. 1571. (This document helped Elector August of Saxony uncover a plot to undermine the Lutheran faith of his duchy on the part of Crypto-Calvinist ministers and teachers.)
*''Bedencken: Ob die Worte der Einsetzung notwendig müssen recitiret werden? [Reflection: Whether the Words of Institution {of the Lord's Supper} Must Necessarily Be Recited]''.
*''Bedencken von Beruff und Enterlaubung der Predigter [Reflection on the Call and Authorization of Preachers]''.
*''Bericht vom newen Baptischen Gregoriano Calendario, an den Landgraffen zu Hessen [Report on the New Papal Gregorian calendar, to the Landgrave of Hesse]''. 1584. (Chemnitz had been trained as an astrologer, and he was consulted on the advisability of adopting the new 1582 [[Gregorian calendar]] in place of the old [[Julian calendar]].)
*''Bericht von Gelegenheit und Unterschiedt der Herzogstümer Schleswig und Holtzstein [Report on {the} Location and Division of the Duchies of Schleswig and Holtstein]''. 1629.
*''Consilium de vitandis Calvinianis [Counsel On Avoiding Calvinists]''. 1623.
*''De coelibatu judicium [Judgment Concerning [[Chastity|Celibacy]] ]''. 1623.
*''Judicium de Calendario Gregoriano [Judgment concerning the [[Gregorian calendar]] ].''
*''Judicium von der Nohtwehre [Judgment concerning Self-Defense].'' 1623.
*''Monita Chemnitiana oder heilsame Erinnerungen ehmals von D. Martino Chemnitio bey solenner Einführung der Julius-Universität [Chemnitian {Chemnitz} Admonitions or Salutary Reminders Formerly by Dr. Martin Chemnitz at the Solemn Introduction of the {Duke} Julius University]''. 1716.

===Scholastic disputation===
*''Disputatio Theologica de Beneficiis Filii Dei, Domini, & Redemptoris nostri JESU CHRISTI, pro summis in Theologia honoribus consequendis habita [Theological Disputation Concerning the Blessings of the Son of God, Our Lord and Redeemer Jesus Christ, Held for the Highest Suitable Honors in Theology]''. 1568 (A theological disputation qualifying someone for a doctorate in theology).

===Theological treatises===
*''Anatome Propositionum Alberti Hardenbergii de Coena Domini [Anatomy/Dissection of the Propositions of Albert Hardenberg on the Lord's Supper]''. 1561.
*''Bekäntnitz von der ubiquität [Confession on Ubiquity]''. 1623. (A document that presents Chemnitz's position on the doctrine of the omnipresence of Christ's human nature)
*''De incarnatione filii Dei item de officio et maiestate Christi tractus [Treatise on the Incarnation of the Son of God, Also on the Office and Majesty of Christ]''. 1865.
*''De origine Jeswitarum, et quo concilio secta illa recens instituta sit [On the Origin of the [[Jesuits]], and Counsel Concerning Which That Sect Is Recently Instituted]''. 1611.
*''[https://books.google.com/books?id=fYOjvC2T9qIC&pg=PA232&dq Examination of the Council of Trent].'' Fred Kramer, trans. 4 vols. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1971-86 (Originally published in 1565-73 as [https://archive.org/details/examinisconcili00chemgoog Examen Concilii Tridentini].)
*''Loci Theologici.'' [[J. A. O. Preus II|J. A. O. Preus]], trans. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1989; ''Justification: The Chief Article of Christian Doctrine as Expoiunded in Loci Theologici.'' [[J. A. O. Preus II|J.A.O Preus]], trans. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1985 (Originally published in 1591 as ''Loci Theologici''.)
**Chapter on [https://web.archive.org/web/20090226003419/http://www.lcms.org/graphics/assets/media/WRHC/On%20Almsgiving.pdf Almsgiving from Loci Theologici], translated into English in .pdf format
*''The Lord's Prayer.'' Georg Williams, trans. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1999 (Originally published in English translation as ''A Svbstantial and godly exposition of the praier commonly called the Lords prayer.'' Cambridge, 1598; the original Latin text, never published, has been lost).
*''[https://books.google.com/books?id=fYOjvC2T9qIC&pg=PA231&dq The Lord's Supper].'' [[J. A. O. Preus II|J. A. O. Preus]], trans. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1979. (Originally published in 1561 as ''Repititio sanae doctrinae de vera praesentia corporis et sangvinis Domini in Coena''.)
*''Martini Kemnitinii Von der Jesuwiten ankunfft unnd ursprung [Martin Chemnitz on the Arrival and Origin of the [[Jesuits]]]''. 1586.
*''Ob ein Prediger am Ältare sich selbst communiciren möge [Whether a Preacher at the Altar Might Commune Himself]''. 1623.
*''Richtige und inn H. Schrifft wolgegründte Erklarung / entlicher hochwichtiger und nötiger Artickel unser Christlichen Religion / in sonderliche Tractat und Predigten gefasset [An Explanation, Correct and Well-Grounded in Holy Scripture, of Quite a Few Highly Important and Necessary Articles of Our Christian Religion Contained in Special Treatises and Sermons].'' 1592.
*''Theologiæ Jesuitarum Brevis ac Nervosa Descriptio et Delineatio: Ex Præcipuis Capitibus Censuræ ipsorum, quæ Anno MDLX. Coloniæ edita est [A Brief and Bold Description and Delineation of the Theology of the [[Jesuits]]: From the Principal Chapters of Their Own Opinions, the Year of Which {is} 1560].'' 1560.
*''Theses quaedam de unione duarum naturarum in Christo hypostatica: item de officiis et maiestate Christi Mediatoris [Some Theses Concerning the Hypostatic Union of the Two Natures in Christ: That Is, Concerning the Offices and Majesty of Christ the Mediator].'' 1558.
*''Tract. de Imagine DEI in homine [Treatise on the Image of God in Man].'' 1570.
*''[https://books.google.com/books?id=fYOjvC2T9qIC&pg=PA227&dq The Two Natures of Christ].'' [[J. A. O. Preus II|J. A. O. Preus]], trans. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1971. (Originally published in 1561 as ''De Duabus Naturis in Christo: De hypostatica earum unione: De communicatione idiomaticum''.)
*''Veritas religionis Lutheranae defensa [Defense of the Truth of the Lutheran Religion].'' (Text in German).
*''Von der ewigen gnadenwahl [On the Eternal Election of Grace].'' 1892.

==Biographies and research on Chemnitz==
*''Antiqvitates Ecclestiaticae inclytae urbis Braunsvigae, oder: Der Beruhmten Stadt Braunschweig Kirchenhistorie.'' by Philippo Julio Rehtmeyer. Braunschweig: Gedruckt Verlagt von Christoph Friedrich Zilligers, 1710.
*''The Doctrine of Man in Classical Lutheran Theology'' edited by Herman A. Preus and Edmund Smits.  Minneapolis:  Augsburg Publishing House, 1962.
*''Formulators of the Formula of Concord.'' by Theodore R. Jungkuntz. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1977.
*''Grundlinien der Theolgie des Martin Chemnitz'' by G. Noth, 1930.
*''Loci Theologici; De Coena Domini; De Duabus Naturis in Christo; Theologiae Jesuitarum.'' Chelsea, Michigan: Sheridan Books, 2000. [Facsimile reprint of a 1653 anthology of these four treatises of Chemnitz in Latin by the Lutheran Heritage Foundation].
*''Martin Chemnitz nach seinem Leben und Wirken'' by H. Hachfeld, 1867.
*"Martin Chemnitz' Views on Trent: The Genesis and the Genius of the Examen Concilii Tridentini" by Arthur C. Piepkorn, ''Concordia Theological Monthly'' XXXVII [37](January 1966):5–37.
*''Die Polemik des Martin Chemnitz gegen das Konzil von Trent'' by R. Mumm, Leipzig, 1905.
*''The Second Martin: The Life and Theology of Martin Chemnitz.'' by [[J. A. O. Preus]]. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1994.
*"The Works of Martin Chemnitz," by D. Georg Williams. ''[[Concordia Theological Quarterly]].'' Vol. 42, 1978.
*''Der Zweite Martin der Lutherischen Kirche, Festschrift zum 400. Todestag von Martin Chemnitz {The Second Martin of the Lutheran Church, Jubilee Writing for the 400th [anniversary of the day of the death] of Martin Chemnitz}'' edited by W.A. Jünke, Braunschweig, 1986.
* [http://studiumexcitare.com/content/73 Studium Excitare: Biography of Martin Chemnitz] by Joshua M. Zarling.

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* {{위키공용분류-줄}}

{{전거 통제}}
{{기본정렬:켐니츠, 마르틴}}

[[분류:1522년 출생]]
[[분류:1586년 사망]]
[[분류:독일의 기독교 신학자]]
[[분류:독일의 저술가]]
[[분류:독일의 점성술사]]
[[분류:독일의 루터교도]]
[[분류:루터교 성인 달력에 표시된 사람]]
[[분류:프로이센 출신]]
[[분류:쾨니히스베르크 대학교 동문]]
[[분류:비텐베르크 대학교 동문]]
[[분류:독일의 종교 개혁가]]
[[분류:16세기 독일 사람]]
[[분류:루터교 신학자]]