{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
'''[[셀레늄]]'''은 자연에서 다섯 가지 [[안정 동위 원소]](<sup>74</sup>Se, <sup>76</sup>Se, <sup>77</sup>Se, <sup>78</sup>Se, <sup>80</sup>Se)와 한 가지 [[방사성 동위 원소]](<sup>82</sup>Se)로 구성되어 있다. 이들 중 <sup>77</sup>Se, <sup>78</sup>Se, <sup>80</sup>Se은 <sup>79</sup>Se와 함께 [[방사성 붕괴]]의 부산물로써 생성되며,<ref name=life>[http://www.ptb.de/en/org/6/nachrichten6/2010/60710_en.htm The half-life of <sup>79</sup>Se]</ref><ref>{{저널 인용|last1=Jorg|first1=Gerhard|last2=Buhnemann|first2=Rolf|last3=Hollas|first3=Simon|last4=Kivel|first4=Niko|last5=Kossert|first5=Karsten|last6=Van Winckel|first6=Stefaan|last7=Gostomski|first7=Christoph Lierse v.|title=Preparation of radiochemically pure 79Se and highly precise determination of its half-life|journal=Applied Radiation and Isotopes|volume=68|pages=2339–51|year=2010|doi=10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.05.006|pmid=20627600|issue=12}}</ref> <sup>82</sup>Se는 약 9.8×10<sup>19</sup>년의 반감기를 거쳐 [[이중 베타 붕괴]]하여 <sup>82</sup>[[크립톤|Kr]]로 붕괴한다. 반감기가 길다보니 실질적으로 안정 동위 원소로 분류하기도 한다. 이 밖에 23가지의 불안정한 방사성 동위 원소들이 존재하며 이들 중 가장 안정한 것은 32만 7000년의 반감기를 갖는 <sup>79</sup>Se, 약 120일의 반감기를 갖는 <sup>75</sup>Se, 8.40일의 반감기를 갖는 <sup>72</sup>Se 등이다. 이외의 방사성 동위 원소들은 모두 반감기가 8시간 미만이며, 대부분은 38초 이하이다.

셀레늄의 표준 원자량은 78.96(3)[[원자량 단위|u]]이다.


== 표 ==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%; white-space:nowrap"
! rowspan="2" | 핵종<br />기호
! Z([[양성자|p]])
! N([[중성자|n]])
! &nbsp;<br />동위 원소 질량 (u)<br />&nbsp;
! rowspan="2" | 반감기<ref group="n">굵은 글꼴은 반감기가 우주의 나이보다 긴 동위 원소(거의 안정적)</ref>
! rowspan="2" | 붕괴<br />방식<ref>http://www.nucleonica.net/unc.aspx</ref><ref group="n">약자:<br>IT: [[이성질핵 전이]]</ref>
! rowspan="2" | 붕괴<br />생성물<ref group="n">굵은 글꼴은 안정 동위 원소</ref>
! rowspan="2" | 핵<br />스핀
! rowspan="2" | 전형적<br />동위 원소<br />구성비<br />(몰 분율)
! rowspan="2" | 자연적<br />구성비<br />변동 범위<br />(몰 분율)
|-
! colspan="3" | 들뜬 에너지
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>65</sup>Se
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 34
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 31
| rowspan=2|64.96466(64)#
| rowspan=2|<50 ms
| [[베타 붕괴|β<sup>+</sup>]] (>99.9%)
| <sup>65</sup>As
| rowspan=2|3/2-#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>+</sup>, p (<.1%)
| <sup>64</sup>Ge
|-
| <sup>66</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 32
| 65.95521(32)#
| 33(12) ms
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>66</sup>As
| 0+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>67</sup>Se
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 34
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 33
| rowspan=2|66.95009(21)#
| rowspan=2|133(11) ms
| β<sup>+</sup> (99.5%)
| <sup>67</sup>As
| rowspan=2|5/2-#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>+</sup>, p (.5%)
| <sup>66</sup>Ge
|-
| <sup>68</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| 67.94180(4)
| 35.5(7) s
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>68</sup>As
| 0+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>69</sup>Se
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 34
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 35
| rowspan=2|68.93956(4)
| rowspan=2|27.4(2) s
| β<sup>+</sup> (99.955%)
| <sup>69</sup>As
| rowspan=2|(1/2-)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>+</sup>, p (.045%)
| <sup>68</sup>Ge
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>69m1</sup>Se
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 39.4(1) keV
| 2.0(2) µs
|
|
| 5/2-
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>69m2</sup>Se
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 573.9(10) keV
| 955(16) ns
|
|
| 9/2+
|
|
|-
| <sup>70</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 36
| 69.93339(7)
| 41.1(3) min
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>70</sup>As
| 0+
|
|
|-
| <sup>71</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 37
| 70.93224(3)
| 4.74(5) min
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>71</sup>As
| 5/2-
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>71m1</sup>Se
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 48.79(5) keV
| 5.6(7) µs
|
|
| 1/2- to 9/2-
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>71m2</sup>Se
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 260.48(10) keV
| 19.0(5) µs
|
|
| (9/2)+
|
|
|-
| <sup>72</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 38
| 71.927112(13)
| 8.40(8) d
| [[전자 포획|ε]]
| <sup>72</sup>As
| 0+
|
|
|-
| <sup>73</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 39
| 72.926765(11)
| 7.15(8) h
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>73</sup>As
| 9/2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>73m</sup>Se
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 25.71(4) keV
| rowspan=2|39.8(13) min
| [[이성질핵 전이|IT]]
| <sup>73</sup>Se
| rowspan=2|3/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>+</sup>
| <sup>73</sup>As
|-
| <sup>74</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 40
| 73.9224764(18)
| colspan=3 align=center|'''관찰상 안정'''<ref group="n">이론적으로는 [[이중 베타 붕괴|이중 베타 붕괴(β<sup>+</sup>β<sup>+</sup>)]]를 통해 '''<sup>74</sup>Ge'''로 붕괴할 것으로 추정되나, 관찰된 적은 없다.</ref>
| 0+
| 0.0089(4)
|
|-
| <sup>75</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 41
| 74.9225234(18)
| 119.779(4) d
| ε
| '''<sup>75</sup>As'''
| 5/2+
|
|
|-
| <sup>76</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 42
| 75.9192136(18)
| colspan=3 align=center|'''안정'''
| 0+
| 0.0937(29)
|
|-
| <sup>77</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 43
| 76.9199140(18)
| colspan=3 align=center|'''안정'''
| 1/2-
| 0.0763(16)
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>77m</sup>Se
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 161.9223(7) keV
| 17.36(5) s
| IT
| '''<sup>77</sup>Se'''
| 7/2+
|
|
|-
| <sup>78</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 44
| 77.9173091(18)
| colspan=3 align=center|'''안정'''
| 0+
| 0.2377(28)
|
|-
| <sup>79</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 45
| 78.9184991(18)
| 3.27(8)×10<sup>5</sup> a
| β<sup>-</sup>
| '''<sup>79</sup>Br'''
| 7/2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>79m</sup>Se
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 95.77(3) keV
| rowspan=2|3.92(1) min
| IT (99.944%)
| <sup>79</sup>Se
| rowspan=2|1/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>-</sup> (.056%)
| '''<sup>79</sup>Br'''
|- 
| <sup>80</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 46
| 79.9165213(21)
| colspan=3 align=center|'''관찰상 안정'''<ref group="n">이론적으로는 [[이중 베타 붕괴|이중 베타 붕괴(β<sup>-</sup>β<sup>-</sup>)]]를 통해 '''<sup>80</sup>Kr'''으로 붕괴할 것으로 추정되나, 관찰된 적은 없다.</ref>
| 0+
| 0.4961(41)
|
|-
| <sup>81</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 47
| 80.9179925(22)
| 18.45(12) min
| β<sup>-</sup>
| '''<sup>81</sup>Br'''
| 1/2-
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>81m</sup>Se
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 102.99(6) keV
| rowspan=2|57.28(2) min
| IT (99.948%)
| <sup>81</sup>Se
| rowspan=2|7/2+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>-</sup> (.052%)
| '''<sup>81</sup>Br'''
|-
| <sup>82</sup>Se<ref group="n">[[원시 핵종|원시]] [[방사성 핵종]]</ref>
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 48
| 81.9166994(22)
| '''0.97(5)×10<sup>20</sup> a'''
| β<sup>-</sup>β<sup>-</sup>
| '''<sup>82</sup>Kr'''
| 0+
| 0.0873(22)
| 
|-
| <sup>83</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 49
| 82.919118(4)
| 22.3(3) min
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>83</sup>Br
| 9/2+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | <sup>83m</sup>Se
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 228.50(20) keV
| 70.1(4) s
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>83</sup>Br
| 1/2-
|
|
|-
| <sup>84</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 50
| 83.918462(16)
| 3.1(1) min
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>84</sup>Br
| 0+
|
|
|-
| <sup>85</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 51
| 84.92225(3)
| 31.7(9) s
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>85</sup>Br
| (5/2+)#
|
|
|-
| <sup>86</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| 85.924272(17)
| 15.3(9) s
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>86</sup>Br
| 0+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>87</sup>Se
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 34
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 53
| rowspan=2|86.92852(4)
| rowspan=2|5.50(12) s
| β<sup>-</sup> (99.64%)
| <sup>87</sup>Br
| rowspan=2|(5/2+)#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>-</sup>, [[중성자 방출|n]] (.36%)
| <sup>86</sup>Br
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>88</sup>Se
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 34
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 54
| rowspan=2|87.93142(5)
| rowspan=2|1.53(6) s
| β<sup>-</sup> (99.01%)
| <sup>88</sup>Br
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>-</sup>, n (.99%)
| <sup>88</sup>Br
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>89</sup>Se
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 34
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 55
| rowspan=2|88.93645(32)#
| rowspan=2|0.41(4) s
| β<sup>-</sup> (92.2%)
| <sup>89</sup>Br
| rowspan=2|(5/2+)#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>-</sup>, n (7.8%)
| <sup>88</sup>Br
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>90</sup>Se
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 34
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 56
| rowspan=2|89.93996(43)#
| rowspan=2|300# ms [>300 ns]
| β<sup>-</sup>, n
| <sup>89</sup>Br
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>90</sup>Br
|-
| rowspan=2|<sup>91</sup>Se
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 34
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 57
| rowspan=2|90.94596(54)#
| rowspan=2|270(50) ms
| β<sup>-</sup> (79%)
| <sup>91</sup>Br
| rowspan=2|1/2+#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β<sup>-</sup>, n
| <sup>90</sup>Br
|-
| <sup>92</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 58
| 91.94992(64)#
| 100# ms [>300 ns]
| β<sup>-</sup>
| <sup>92</sup>Br
| 0+
|
|
|-
| <sup>93</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 59
| 92.95629(86)#
| 50# ms [>300 ns]
|
|
| 1/2+#
|
|
|-
| <sup>94</sup>Se
| style="text-align:right" | 34
| style="text-align:right" | 60
| 93.96049(86)#
| 20# ms [>300 ns]
|
|
| 0+
|
|
|}

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}
; 내용주
<references group="n" />

{{동위 원소 색인}}

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:셀레늄|동위 원소]]
[[분류:셀레늄 동위 원소| ]]
[[분류:원소별 동위 원소 목록]]