{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{Drugbox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 464364466
| IUPAC_name = (2''S'')-4-Amino-''N''-[(2''S'',3''S'',4''R'',5''S'')-5-amino-2-[(2''S'',3''R'',4''S'',5''S'',6''R'')-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2''R'',3''R'',4''S'',5''R'',6''R'')-6-(aminomethyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-cyclohexyl]-2-hydroxybutanamide
| image = Amikacin.svg
| image2 = Amikacin ball-and-stick.png
<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename = Amikin, Amiglyde-V, other
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|amikacin-sulfate}}
| MedlinePlus = a682661
| DailyMedID = 0b56f6df
| pregnancy_AU = D
| pregnancy_US = D
| legal_UK = POM
| legal_US = Rx-only
| routes_of_administration = [[근육 주사|intramuscular]], [[수액 (의학)|intravenous]]
| class = [[아미노글리코사이드]]
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability = >90%<ref name="plumb" >{{서적 인용| last=Plumb | first=Donald C. | title=Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook | chapter=Amikacin Sulfate | location=Stockholm, Wisconsin; Ames, Iowa | date=2011 | edition=7th | publisher=Wiley | isbn=978-0-470-95964-0 | pages=39–43}}</ref>
| protein_bound = 0–11%
| metabolism = Mostly unmetabolized
| elimination_half-life = 2–3 hours
| excretion = [[콩팥]]
<!--Identifiers-->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 37517-28-5
| ATC_prefix = D06
| ATC_suffix = AX12
| ATC_supplemental =  {{ATC|J01|GB06}}, {{ATC|S01|AA21}}
| PubChem = 37768
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00479
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 34635
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 84319SGC3C
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D02543
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 2637
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 177
<!--Chemical data-->
| C=22 | H=43
| N=5 | O=13
| molecular_weight = 585.603 g/mol
| smiles = O=C(N[C@H]3[C@H](O[C@H]1O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](N)[C@H]1O)CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2O[C@H](CN)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@@H](N)C3)[C@@H](O)CCN
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C22H43N5O13/c23-2-1-8(29)20(36)27-7-3-6(25)18(39-22-16(34)15(33)13(31)9(4-24)37-22)17(35)19(7)40-21-14(32)11(26)12(30)10(5-28)38-21/h6-19,21-22,28-35H,1-5,23-26H2,(H,27,36)/t6-,7+,8-,9+,10+,11-,12+,13+,14+,15-,16+,17-,18+,19-,21+,22+/m0/s1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = LKCWBDHBTVXHDL-RMDFUYIESA-N
}}

'''아미카신'''({{lang|en|amikacin}})은 수많은 [[병균 감염]]을 위해 사용되는 [[항생물질]]이다.<ref name=AHFS2016>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/amikacin-sulfate.html|title=Amikacin Sulfate|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|accessdate=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220231044/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/amikacin-sulfate.html|archivedate=20 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> 여기에는 [[화농성 관절염]], [[복강내 전염]], [[수막염]], [[폐렴]], [[패혈증]], [[요로감염증]]이 포함된다.<ref name=AHFS2016/> [[다제내성 결핵]] 치료에 사용할 수도 있다.<ref name=WHO2008>{{서적 인용|title=WHO Model Formulary 2008|date=2009|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=9789241547659|page=137|url=http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s16879e/s16879e.pdf|accessdate=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161213060118/http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s16879e/s16879e.pdf|archivedate=13 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[수액 (의학)|정맥 주사]] 또는 [[근육 주사]]를 통해 투여할 수 있다.<ref name=AHFS2016/>

다른 [[아미노글리코사이드|아미노글리코사이드 항생물질]]들처럼 아미카신은 [[청각 장애]], 균형 문제, [[신부전]]을 일으킬 수 있다.<ref name=AHFS2016/> 다른 부작용으로는 호흡 불능을 유발시키는 [[마비]]가 포함된다.<ref name=AHFS2016/> [[임신]] 중 투여하면 태아의 영구적인 귀먹음을 유발할 수 있다.<ref name=AHFS2016/> 아미카신은 박테리아의 [[30S 리보솜 소단위체]]의 기능을 차단함으로써 [[단백질]] 생산을 하지 못하게 막음으로써 동작한다.<ref name=AHFS2016/>

아미카신은 1971년 특허를 받았으며 1976년 상용화되었다.<ref>{{서적 인용|last1=Fischer|first1=Janos|last2=Ganellin|first2=C. Robin|title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery|date=2006|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9783527607495|page=507|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA507|language=en|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220092307/https://books.google.ca/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA507|archivedate=20 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{서적 인용|title=Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology|date=2009|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=9780191039621|page=56|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=5W-WBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT56|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151124232554/https://books.google.ca/books?id=5W-WBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT56|archivedate=24 November 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[의료제도]]에 필수적인 가장 효과적이고 안전한 의약품 목록인 [[WHO 필수 의약품 목록]]에 등재되어 있다.<ref name=WHO19th>{{웹 인용|title=WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List)|url=http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/EML_2015_FINAL_amended_NOV2015.pdf?ua=1|work=World Health Organization|accessdate=8 December 2016|date=April 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161213052708/http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/EML_2015_FINAL_amended_NOV2015.pdf?ua=1|archivedate=13 December 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[개발도상국]]의 도매가는 1개월 기준 13.80 ~ US$130.50이다.<ref name=ERC2014>{{웹 인용|title=Amikacin Sulfate|url=http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=879&searchYear=2014|website=International Drug Price Indicator Guide|accessdate=8 December 2016|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722184842/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=879&searchYear=2014|보존날짜=2018-07-22|url-status=dead}}</ref> 미국내 1회 치료 비용은 일반적으로 25 ~ US$50에 달한다.<ref name=Ric2015>{{서적 인용|last1=Hamilton|first1=Richart|title=Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition|date=2015|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Learning|isbn=9781284057560|page=35}}</ref> [[카나마이신]]으로 만든다.<ref name=AHFS2016/>

== 합성 ==
[[파일:Amikacin synthesis 2.svg|가운데|아미카신의 합성]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

[[분류:아미노글리코사이드]]
[[분류:세계 보건 기구 필수 의약품]]
[[분류:항결핵제]]