{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:Nissan_Leaf_012.JPG|섬네일|[[닛산 리프]]의 배터리 단면 (2009년)]]
'''전기차 배터리'''(electric vehicle battery, EVB)는 [[배터리식 전기자동차]](BEV) 또는 [[하이브리드 전기차]](HEV)의 [[전동기]]를 구동하기 위해 사용되는 [[이차 전지]]이다. 일반적으로 [[리튬 이온 전지]]이며 [[전하]](또는 에너지) 용적에 따라 특별하게 설계된다.

== 배터리 비용 ==
[[파일:Battery-cost-learning-curve.png|섬네일|리튬 이온 배터리의 [[학습 곡선]]. 3년 안에 배터리 가격이 97% 감소했다.<ref>{{저널 인용|last1=Ziegler |first1=Micah S. |last2=Trancik |first2=Jessika E. |date=2021 |title=Re-examining rates of lithium-ion battery technology improvement and cost decline |url=http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=D0EE02681F |journal=Energy & Environmental Science |language=en |volume=14 |issue=4 |pages=1635–1651 |doi=10.1039/D0EE02681F |s2cid=220830992 |issn=1754-5692}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|title=The price of batteries has declined by 97% in the last three decades |url=https://ourworldindata.org/battery-price-decline |access-date=2022-04-26 |website=Our World in Data}}</ref>]]
;예상 배터리 비용 비교
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! 배터리 유형 !! 연도 !! 비용 (US$/kWh)
|-
| Li-ion || 2021 || 132<ref>{{뉴스 인용|last=Firth |first=James |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-11-30/battery-price-declines-slow-down-in-latest-pricing-survey |title=Battery Price Declines Slow Down in Latest Pricing Survey |work=Bloomberg Green |publisher=[[Bloomberg News]] |date=2021-11-30 |access-date=2021-12-01 }}</ref>
|-
| Li-ion || 2016 || 130<ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=https://www.tu.no/artikler/her-produseres-elbilen-og-bensinbilen-pa-samme-linje/366246 |title=Her produseres elbilen og bensinbilen på samme linje |trans-title=Electric car and petrol truck produced on the same line |first=Per Erlien |last=Dalløkken |work=Teknisk Ukeblad |location=Norway |language=no |date=2016-12-23 |access-date=2018-08-16}}</ref>-145<ref name="auto">{{뉴스 인용|title=Chevy Bolt Production Confirmed For 2016 |url=http://www.hybridcars.com/chevy-bolt-production-confirmed-for-2016/ |last=Cobb |first=Jeff |work=Hybrid cars |date=2015-10-02 |access-date=2015-12-14}}</ref>
|-
| Li-ion || 2014 || 200–300<ref name="morganstanley">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/tesla-to-miss-2020-delivery-target-by-40-analyst-forecast|title=Tesla to Miss 2020 Delivery Target by 40%, Analyst Forecasts|publisher=greentechmedia.com|access-date=2015-01-28|quote=Tesla’s current batteries cost $200-$300 per kilowatt hour.|date=2014-12-17}}</ref>
|-
| Li-ion || 2012 || 500–600<ref name="mckinsey">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/energy_resources_materials/battery_technology_charges_ahead|title=Battery technology charges ahead &#124; McKinsey & Company|publisher=mckinsey.com|access-date=2014-02-01|archive-date=2014-01-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140122091026/http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/energy_resources_materials/battery_technology_charges_ahead|url-status=}}</ref>
|-
| Li-ion || 2012 || 400<ref name="autoblog2">{{웹 인용|url=http://green.autoblog.com/2012/04/06/lithium-ion-battery-costs-will-still-be-about-400-kwh-by-2020/|title=Lithium-ion battery costs will still be about $400/kW⋅h by 2020|publisher=green.autoblog.com|access-date=2014-02-01}}</ref>
|-
| Li-ion || 2012 || 520–650<ref name="plugincars.com">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.plugincars.com/lithium-ion-battery-prices-drop-160-kwh-2025-123193.html|title=McKinsey: Lithium Ion Battery Prices to Reach $200/kW⋅h by 2020 &#124; PluginCars.com|publisher=plugincars.com|access-date=2014-02-01}}</ref>
|-
| Li-ion || 2012 || 752<ref name="plugincars.com"/>
|-
| Li-ion || 2012 || 689<ref name="plugincars.com"/>
|-
| Li-ion || 2013 || 800–1000<ref name="forbes.com">{{잡지 인용|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/rosskennethurken/2013/02/12/tesla-debacle-highlights-need-for-new-ev-battery-technology/|title=Tesla Debacle Highlights Need For New EV Battery Technology - Forbes|magazine=forbes.com|access-date=2014-02-01}}</ref>
|-
| Li-ion || 2010 || 750<ref name="autoblog3">{{웹 인용|url=http://green.autoblog.com/2010/05/15/nissan-leaf-profitable-by-year-three-battery-cost-closer-to-18/|title=WSJ: Nissan Leaf profitable by year three; battery cost closer to $18,000|publisher=green.autoblog.com|access-date=2014-02-01|archive-date=2020-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030160224/http://green.autoblog.com/2010/05/15/nissan-leaf-profitable-by-year-three-battery-cost-closer-to-18/|url-status=}}</ref>
|-
| Nickel–metal hydride || 2004 || 750<ref>{{웹 인용 |url=http://arb.ca.gov/msprog/zevprog/2003rule/03board/andermanreport.pdf |title=Brief Assessment of Improvements in EV BatteryTechnology since the BTAP June 2000 Report |first=Menahem |last=Anderman |publisher=California Air Resources Board |year=2003 |access-date=2018-08-16 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304033810/http://arb.ca.gov/msprog/zevprog/2003rule/03board/andermanreport.pdf |url-status= }}</ref>
|-
| Nickel–metal hydride || 2013 || 500–550<ref name="forbes.com"/>
|-
| Nickel–metal hydride ||  || 350<ref name="ev1.org">{{웹 인용|url=http://www.ev1.org/|title=GM, Chevron and CARB killed the NiMH EV once, will do so again|publisher=ev1.org|access-date=2014-02-01}}</ref>
|-
| Lead–acid ||  || 256.68
|}

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:이차 전지]]