{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:'St._Paul_the_Hermit_Fed_by_the_Raven',_after_Il_Guercino,_Dayton_Art_Institute.JPG|섬네일|[[까마귀]]에 의해서 음식을 제공받는 은둔자 [[사도 바울]], Dayton Art Institute ]]

'''기독교 수도주의'''(Christian monasticism)는 [[기독교]]에서 나타난 [[수도주의]]로, [[예배]]에 헌신하는 [[수도원]]이나 [[금욕]]적인 삶을 사는 사람들의 헌신된 실천을 말한다. [[구약성서]]에서 [[성경]]적인 예와 개념은 나타나며 초기 기독교회에서 발전되었다. [[수도원]] 제도를 최초로 만든 사람은 이집트의 안토니우스(Anthony the Great)이다. 남성형 단어인  monk 라는 말은 [[헬라어]] monahos에서 왔는데 수도사라는 말 monk를 의미하며, 이 단어는 혼자(alone)라는 monos에서 왔다.<ref>{{OEtymD|monk}}</ref><ref>Corbishley, Mike.Monks lived a very strict and regulated life.Life in a monastery included prayer,manualwork, and this promoted the idea of the dignity and labour. Cultural Atlas for Young People The Middle Ages Revised Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2004, page 38.</ref>

== 역사   ==
[[파일:Saint_Anthony_The_Great.jpg|섬네일|[[ 대 안토니우스]] [[기독교]] 수도원주의 창시자]]

==== Benedictine monasticism ====
[[파일:Heiligenkreuz.St._Benedict.jpg|섬네일|280x280픽셀|[[누르시아의 베네딕토]] ]]

==== 로마 카톨릭 ====

* [[베네딕도회|Benedictines]], founded in 529 by Benedict at Monte Cassino, stresses manual labor in a self-subsistent monastery. They are an order of independent monastic communities.
* Bridgettines, founded in 1344 by Bridget of Sweden.
* Camaldolese, founded c.1000
* [[카르투시오회|Carthusians]], also known as the Order of Saint Bruno, founded 1084 by St. Bruno of Cologne.  Open to both sexes; combines eremitical and cenobitic life.
* Celestines, founded in 1244 and originally called Hermits of St Damiano, or Moronites (or Murronites).  Became known as Celestines after their founder was elected Pope and took the name [[교황 첼레스티노 5세|Celestine V]].
* [[시토회|Cistercians]], also referred to as the Order of St. Bernard, founded in 1098 by Robert of Molesme
* Cluniacs, a movement with a height c.950-c.1130
* Hieronymites, founded in Spain in 1364, an [[은자|eremitic]] community formally known as the '''Order of Saint Jerome'''
* Olivetans or the Order of Our Lady of Mount Olivet, founded in 1313 by Bernardo Tolomei (born Giovanni Tolomei) along with two of his friends from the noble families of Siena, Patrizio Patrizi and Ambrogio Piccolomini.
* Paulines, Founded in [[헝가리|Hungary]] in 1225 by Blessed Eusebius.
* [[트라피스트회|Trappists]], began c. 1664.
* Vallombrosans, founded c. 1038 by Saint Gualberto Visdomini.
* [[성모 마리아 방문 수녀회|Visitation Sisters]].  The Order of the Visitation of Holy Mary or the Visitation Order is a Roman Catholic religious order for women.  Members of the order are also known as the Salesian Sisters or, more commonly, as the Visitandines.  The Order was founded in 1610 by [[프란치스코 살레시오|Saint Francis de Sales]] and [[요안나 프란치스카 드 샹탈|Saint Jane Frances de Chantal]] in Annecy, Haute-Savoie, France.

==== 루터란 교회  ====
[[파일:Kloster_Loccum.jpg|섬네일|400x400픽셀|16th 루터란 수도원 Loccum Abbey ]]

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[금욕주의]]
* ''clasau'', the early Welsh monasteries
* Consensoria Monachorum
* Coptic monasticism
* [[은자]]
* Intentional community
* ''[[위대한 침묵 (2005년 영화)|위대한 침묵|]]'' The award-winning documentary of life within the Carthusian monsastery of 'La Grande Chartreuse' by Philip Groning.
* List of monastic houses in England
* [[아토스산]]
* [[신수행주의]]
* Order of Watchers: A French Protestant fraternity of Hermits.
* [[파코미우스]]—초기 수도원 조직가
* Poustinia
* [[베네딕도 규칙서]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

{{서양 중세사}}
{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:금욕주의]]
[[분류:기독교 수도주의| ]]
[[분류:기독교 용어]]
[[분류:은자]]
[[분류:기독교 공동체]]
[[분류:기독교 성직자]]
[[분류:기독교 건축물]]