{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{다른 뜻}}
'''가이진'''({{ruby-ja|外人|がいじん}}{{해석|외인}})은 외국인이나 비일본인에게 사용되는 일본어 단어다. 이 단어는 바깥 외(外, 가이)와 사람 인(人, 진)으로 구성된다.

이 단어가 부정적 혹은 경멸적인 의미를 갖는다고 하는 사람도 있으며,<ref name="kodansha">{{서적 인용|last=Wetherall|first=William|chapter=Foreigners in Japan|year=1983|title=Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan|editor-last=|editor-first=|volume=2|pages=313–4|location=Tokyo|publisher=Kodansha|id=|chapterurl=http://members.jcom.home.ne.jp/yosha/minorities/Foreigners_in_Japan.html}}</ref><ref name="Buckley">{{서적 인용|last=Buckley|first=Sandra|title=Encyclopedia of Contemporary Japanese Culture|publisher=Taylor and Francis|year=2002|pages=161–2|chapter=Gaijin|isbn=0-415-14344-6|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=tOaHI25bn-kC&pg=PA161&dq=Gaijin}}</ref><ref name="Itoh">{{저널 인용|last=Itoh|first=Mayumi|author-link=|date=Summer 1996|title=Japan's abiding sakoku mentality - seclusion from other countries - Economic Myths Explained|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0365/is_n2_v40/ai_18338848|journal=Orbis|volume=40|issue=3|pages=|publisher=Foreign Policy Research Institute / JAI Press Inc.|accessdate=|DOI=}}</ref><ref name="books.google">{{서적 인용|last=De Mente|first=Boye Lafayette|author-link=|title=Japanese Etiquette & Ethics In Business|publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional|year=1994|location=|pages=159|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r6obHAmRKesC&pg=PA159&dq=Gaijin+superior|doi=|id=|isbn=0-8442-8530-7}}</ref><ref name="books.google_a">{{서적 인용|last=Hsu|first=Robert|title=The MIT Encyclopedia of the Japanese Economy|publisher=MIT Press|year=1993|location=|pages=195|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0RS0CGUaef8C&pg=PA195&lpg=PA195&dq=gaijin+derogatory|doi=|id=|isbn=0-8442-8530-7}}</ref><ref name="books.google_b">{{서적 인용|last=Wetherall|editor2-first=Winifred|oclc=|doi=|isbn=90-247-1779-5|id=|pages=384|volume=|publisher=Stichting Plurale|title=Case Studies on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms: A World Survey|editor2-link=|editor2-last=Crum Ewing|first=William|editor-first=Willem Adriaan|editor-last=Veenhoven|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=wh3ZUWExDEcC&pg=PA364&dq=Gaijin+offensive&lr=&ie=ISO-8859-1&sig=l1Ma9GglEYYFvNe1eup2lVkgusA#PPA364,M1|chapter=Ethnic Minorities in Japan|publication-date=1976|year=1976|author2-link=|first2=George A|last2=de Vos|author-link=|url=}}</ref> 중립적이거나 긍정적이라고 주장 하는 사람도 있다.<ref name="kitihara1">{{서적 인용|last=Kitahara|first=Michio|author-link=|title=Children of the Sun: the Japanese and the Outside World|publisher=Paul Norbury Publications|year=1989|location=Sandgate, Folkestone, England|pages=117, 516|url=|doi=|id=|isbn=|quote=For example, gaijin literally means a 'person from outside', namely a foreigner, and that means 'Caucasian'. To describe a Japanese person in this manner is a compliment to him or her. To be 'similar to a foreigner' (gaijin-no youna) means to be similar to a westerner, and this too, is a compliment.}}</ref><ref name="lie">{{서적 인용|last=Lie|first=John|publication-date=2000|chapter=The Discourse of Japaneseness|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=foRpFBUtl3YC&pg=PA70&lpg=PA70&dq=The+Discourse+of+Japaneseness+and+Foreign+Workers&source=web&ots=ytgO6oo95c&sig=Ksz5HfKYRv2gRe8OfQg-6BBwMck#PPA75,M1|editor-last=Douglass|editor-first=Mike|editor2-last=Roberts|editor2-first=Glenda Susan|title=Japan and Global Migration: Foreign Workers and the Advent of a Multicultural Society|publisher=Routledge|pages=75|isbn=0-415-19110-6|year=2000}}</ref><ref name="Befu">{{서적 인용|last=Befu|first=Harumi|author-link=|title=Hegemony of Homogeneity: An Anthropological Analysis of Nihonjinron|publisher=Trans Pacific Press|year=2001|location=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=91s4n07d4p4C&pg=PA76&dq=Gaijin+racial|isbn=1-876843-05-5|page=76}}"In the generic sense, [Gaijin] refers to all foreigners; but in daily usage it designates only Caucasians—that is, those foreigners who are worthy of admiration in some respects"</ref><ref name="Koshiro 1999 114">{{서적 인용|last=Koshiro|first=Yukiko|author-link=|title=Trans-Pacific Racisms and the U.S. Occupation of Japan|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=1999|location=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uRogiEX4SXgC&pg=PA114&dq=Gaijin+euphemism|isbn=0-231-11348-X|page=114}}</ref> '''''가이코쿠진'''''({{Nihongo|{{linktext|外国人}}|がいこくじん|extra={{IPA-ja|ɡaikokɯꜜ(d)ʑiɴ|}}}};{{해석|[[외국인]]}})은 일본 정부나 언론에서 널리 사용되고 있는 보다 중립적이고 약간 공식적인 말이다.

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

[[분류:외국인]]
[[분류:일본어 낱말]]
[[분류:인종 및 민족 차별어]]