{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{Transgender sidebar |theory}}

'''성별 불일치'''(gender incongruence) 또는 '''젠더 불일치'''는 [[출생 시 지정된 성별]]과 일치하지 않는 [[성별 정체성]]을 갖는 상태이다. 이는 [[트랜스젠더]] 또는 [[트랜스섹슈얼]]로 자신을 규정하는 사람들이 경험하며, 종종 [[성별 불쾌감]]을 초래한다.<ref>{{웹 인용|vauthors=Curtis R, Levy A, Martin J, Playdon ZJ, Wylie K, Reed R, Reed R |date=March 2009 |title=Transgender experiences – Information and support |url=http://www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/documents/digitalasset/dh_097168.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106064952/http://www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/documents/digitalasset/dh_097168.pdf |archive-date=6 January 2012 |access-date=2012-07-01 |publisher=NHS |pages=12}}</ref> [[성전환증]] 등 '''성별(젠더) 불일치의 원인'''은 수십 년 동안 연구되어 왔다.

트랜스젠더 뇌 연구,<ref name=":3">{{저널 인용|last1=Altinay |first1=Murat |last2=Anand |first2=Amit |date=2020 |title=Neuroimaging gender dysphoria: a novel psychobiological model |department=Review |journal=Brain Imaging and Behavior |language=en |volume=14 |issue=4 |pages=1281–1297 |doi=10.1007/s11682-019-00121-8 |doi-broken-date=2024-05-03 |issn=1931-7565 |pmid=31134582|s2cid=167207854 }}</ref> 특히 여성에게 끌리는 [[트랜스 여성]]([[여성애]])과 남성에게 끌리는 [[트랜스 남성]]([[남성애]])에 대한 연구는 제한적이다. 테스트된 개인 수가 적기 때문이다.<ref name="Guillamon 2016">{{저널 인용|vauthors=Guillamon A, Junque C, Gómez-Gil E |title=A Review of the Status of Brain Structure Research in Transsexualism |journal=Archives of Sexual Behavior |volume=45 |issue=7 |pages=1615–48 |date=October 2016 |pmid=27255307 |pmc=4987404 |doi=10.1007/s10508-016-0768-5}}</ref> [[쌍둥이에 대한 연구]]에 따르면 성 불일치의 유전적 원인이 있을 가능성이 있지만, 관련된 정확한 유전자는 알려져 있지 않거나 완전히 이해되지 않았다.<ref name="heylens et al">{{저널 인용|vauthors=Heylens G, De Cuypere G, Zucker KJ, Schelfaut C, Elaut E, Vanden Bossche H, De Baere E, T'Sjoen G |display-authors=6 |title=Gender identity disorder in twins: a review of the case report literature |journal=The Journal of Sexual Medicine |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=751–7 |date=March 2012 |pmid=22146048 |doi=10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02567.x |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/1974611/file/6763837 |quote=Of 23 [[Twin#Monozygotic (identical) twins|monozygotic]] female and male twins, nine (39.1%) were concordant for GID; in contrast, none of the 21 same‐sex dizygotic female and male twins were concordant for GID, a statistically significant difference (P = 0.005)... These findings suggest a role for genetic factors in the development of GID. |author3-link=Kenneth Zucker}}</ref><ref name="diamond-2013">{{저널 인용|last=Diamond |first=Milton |name-list-style=vanc |author-link=Milton Diamond |year=2013 |title=Transsexuality Among Twins: Identity Concordance, Transition, Rearing, and Orientation |journal=International Journal of Transgenderism |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=24–38 |doi=10.1080/15532739.2013.750222 |s2cid=144330783 |quote=Combining data from the present survey with those from past-published reports, 20% of all male and female monozygotic twin pairs were found concordant for transsexual identity... The responses of our twins relative to their rearing, along with our findings regarding some of their experiences during childhood and adolescence show their identity was much more influenced by their genetics than their rearing.}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{저널 인용|vauthors=Besser M, Carr S, Cohen-Kettenis P, Connolly P, de Sutter P, Diamond M, Di Ceglie D, Higashi Y, Jones L, Kruijver F, Martin J, Playdon Z, Ralph D, Reed T, Reid R, Reiner W, Swaab D, Terry T, Wilson P, Wylie K |date=2006 |title=Atypical Gender Development – A Review |url=https://www.hawaii.edu/PCSS/biblio/articles/2005to2009/2006-atypical-gender-development.html |journal=International Journal of Transgenderism |language=en |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=29–44 |doi=10.1300/J485v09n01_04 |issn=1553-2739}}</ref>

==유전학==

===쌍둥이의 젠더 불일치===

==태아기 호르몬 환경==

==뇌 구조==
===일반===
===남성애 대 여성애 트랜스 여성===
===여성애 트랜스 남성===

==발병==
==블랜차드의 유형학==

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[간성 (성)]]
* [[남녀한몸]]
* [[참남녀한몸증]]
* [[거짓남녀중간몸증]]
* [[비이분법적 젠더]]
* [[쌍둥이 연구]]
* [[성 차이의 신경과학]]
* [[성적 뇌]]
* [[젠더]]
* [[섹스와 젠더의 구분]]

== 각주 ==
<references />

[[분류:트랜스젠더학]]
[[분류:심리학 이론]]
[[분류:신경과학]]
[[분류:행동신경과학]]
[[분류:원인]]
[[분류:행동유전학]]
[[분류:성정체성]]
[[분류:트랜스젠더와 의학]]