{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
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{{산 정보
|이름 = 성전산(聖殿山)
|다른이름 = Temple Mount
|높이 = 743
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|어미산 =
|사진 = Israel-2013(2)-Aerial-Jerusalem-Temple Mount-Temple Mount (south exposure).jpg
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|위치 = [[예루살렘]]
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|위도도 = | 위도분 = | 위도초 = | 남북 =
|경도도 = | 경도분 = | 경도초 = | 동서 =
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{{위키공용분류}}
'''성전산'''(聖殿山, {{llang|he|הַר הַבַּיִת}}，{{llang|ar|الحرم القدسي الشريف}})은 [[예루살렘 구시가]]에 있는 [[종교]]적 [[성지]]이다. [[유대교]]에서 가장 신성한 지역이다. [[유대인]]의 [[예루살렘 성전]]이 이곳에 위치해 있다：[[제1성전]](솔로몬 성전)은 기원전 967년에 지어져서 기원전 586년까지 존재했다. [[제2성전]]은 [[기원전 515년]]에 지어져서, [[70년]]까지 존재하였다. 유대교에서는 [[메시야]]가 오면 이곳에 [[제3성전]]이 지어질 것으로 믿는다.

== 사진 ==
<gallery>
파일:The west wall and the temple mount.jpg|통곡의 벽과 성전산
파일:Hebrew domeEntrance sign.jpg|수석(首席)랍비의 경고판, 성전산 진입시의 금지사항
파일:SWqanatirTempleMount.JPG
</gallery>

성경 신학자들은 다음의 두 산을 이 곳으로 여긴다.
* 모리아 산: [[이삭]]을 바친 곳
* [[시온 산]]: [[여부스]]족의 요새가 있던 곳

[[하나님]]께서 [[영광]](Shekhinah)이 머물기로 선택하신 곳이다.([[이사야]] 8:18) [[유대]] 전승인 [[탈무드]]에 따르면 최초의 인간 [[아담]]을 흙으로 빚으신 곳이다
증거가 없는 [[솔로몬]] 성전을 비롯한 유대교의 역사상 두 성전이 있던 곳이다.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/tvradio/programmes/horizon/solomon_qa.shtml BBC Science and Nature]</ref>
[[성경]]에 따르면, 국가의 중심지 기능을 하는 장소다. 즉, 정부, 사법, 종교의 중심지다.([[신명기]] 12:5-26; 14:23-25; 15:20; 16:2-16; 17:8-10; 26: 2; 31: 11; [[이사야]] 2: 2-5; [[오바댜]] 1:21; [[시편]] 48). 제2성전 시대에는 경제적 중심지이기도 했다. 이곳에서 하나님의 말씀이 [[열방]](all nations)으로 선포되며, 모든 기도가 포커스(fucus)되는 곳이다.([[역대하]] 3:1-2)
유대교에서 가장 성스러운 장소(the holiest site)이자 기도하는 곳이다. 랍비법에 따라 많은 유대인들은 [[지성소]](Holy of Holies)를 무의식적으로 밟지 않고자 '''성전산''' 위를 걷지 않는다.<ref>[[Maimonides]], [[Mishneh Torah]], Avoda (Divine Service): The laws of the Temple in Jerusalem, chapter 6, rule 14</ref> [[지성소]]는 [[대제사장]](High Priest)이 하나님과 직접 교제하는 곳이다.

*솔로몬 성전(제1성전): [[다윗]]의 아들 [[솔로몬]](Solomon)이 기원전 957년에 짓고, 기원전 586년에 [[바벨론]]에 의해 파괴되었다.
*제2성전: [[스룹바벨]](Zerubbabel)이 기원전 516년 짓고, AD 70년에 [[로마제국]](Roman Empire)에 의해 파괴되었다.
*제3성전(마지막 성전): 유대 전통에 의해 지어질 예정이다.

[[수니파]](Sunni Muslims) 이슬람교도들은 널리 이 산을 이슬람교의 3번째 성지(the third holiest site in Islam)로 여긴다.<ref>Nicolle, David (1994). Yarmuk AD 636: The Muslim Conquest of Syria. Osprey Publishing.</ref><ref>The Dome was completed in 692 CE, making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world, after the [[Kaabah]]. The [[Al Aqsa Mosque]] rests on the far southern side of the Mount, facing [[Mecca]]. The [[Dome of the Rock]] currently sits in the middle, occupying or close to the area where the [[Bible]] mandates the [[Holy Temple]] be rebuilt.</ref><ref name=Faizer>{{웹 인용|title=The Shape of the Holy: Early Islamic Jerusalem |author=Rizwi Faizer |publisher=Rizwi's Bibliography for Medieval Islam |year=1998 |url=http://us.geocities.com/rfaizer/reviews/book9.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20020210164811/http://us.geocities.com/rfaizer/reviews/book9.html|archivedate=2002-02-10}}</ref><ref>In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam, it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world. Since the [[Crusades]], the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a [[Waqf]], without interruption.</ref><ref name=Archnet>[http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=8180 Haram al-Sharif] {{웨이백|url=http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=8180 |date=20110924112717 }}, ArchNet</ref><ref>As the site is part of the Old City, controlled by [[Israel]] since 1967, both Israel and the [[Palestinian National Authority|Palestinian Authority]] claim sovereignty over it, and it remains a major focal point of the [[Arab–Israeli conflict]].</ref><ref>{{웹 인용 |url=http://www.voanews.com/english/2009-10-25-voa6.cfm |제목=Israeli Police Storm Disputed Jerusalem Holy Site |확인날짜=2016-02-06 |보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091031040808/http://www.voanews.com/english/2009-10-25-voa6.cfm |보존날짜=2009-10-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>In an attempt to keep the status quo, the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslim visitors.</ref>

== 위치 ==
[[파일:Jerusalem Modell BW 2.JPG|left|섬네일|240px|제2성전 시대 후기의 예루살렘 성지 모형. 성전산 동편 벽 바깥에서 본 장면]]
<ref>The Temple Mount forms the northern portion of a very narrow spur of hill that slopes sharply from north to south. Rising above the [[Kidron Valley]] to the east and [[Tyropoeon Valley]] to the west,</ref><ref name=Gonen2003pp9-11>[[#refGonen2003|Gonen (2003)]], pp. 9-11</ref><ref>its peak reaches a height of {{convert|740|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} above sea level.</ref><ref name= Lundquist2007p.103>[[#ref Lundquist2007|Lundquist (2007)]], p. 103</ref><ref>기원전 19세기 경, [[헤롯]]왕 extended the Mount's natural [[plateau]] by enclosing the area with four massive retaining walls and filling the voids. This artificial expansion resulted in a large flat expanse which today forms the eastern section of the [[Old City of Jerusalem]]. The [[Trapezoid|trapezium]] shaped platform measures 488&nbsp;m along the west, 470&nbsp;m along the east, 315&nbsp;m along the north and 280&nbsp;m along the south, giving a total area of approximately {{convert|150000|m2|acre|abbr=on}}.</ref><ref name=Finkelstein1999p43>[[#ref Finkelstein1999|Finkelstein, Horbury, Davies & Sturdy (1999)]], p. 43</ref> 성전산 북쪽 벽은, 서벽 북쪽 구역과 함께, 거주지역 안에 숨겨져 있다. 서쪽 프랭크(flank)의 남쪽 구역은 [[서벽]](Western Wall)으로 알려졌다.<ref>The retaining walls on these two sides descend many meters below ground level. A northern portion of the western wall may be seen from within the [[Western Wall Tunnel]], which was excavated through buildings adjacent to the platform. On the southern and eastern sides the walls are visible almost to their full height. The platform itself is separated from the rest of the Old City by the Tyropoeon Valley, though this once deep valley is now largely hidden beneath later deposits, and is imperceptible in places. The platform can be reached via Bridge Street – a street in the [[Muslim Quarter]] at the level of the platform, actually sitting on a monumental bridge; the bridge is no longer externally visible due to the change in ground level, but it may be seen from beneath via the Western Wall Tunnel.</ref>

[[파일:TM washing.JPG|200px|right|섬네일| ''알카스''(al-Kas)]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* [http://www.templemount.org Templemount.org]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120229232623/http://www.bib-arch.org/bar/article.asp?PubID=BSBA&Volume=36&Issue=2&ArticleID=10 New Evidence of the Royal Stoa and Roman Flames] Biblical Archaeology Review
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141026142036/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200901/ Virtual Walking Tour of Al-Haram Al-Sharif ("The Noble Sanctuary")]
* [http://templemount.wordpress.com#Temple Mount Sifting Project]
* [http://www.aqsa.org.uk/ Friends of Al-Aqsa] History of the "Temple Mount".
* [http://www.templemount.com/ Temple Mount, Jerusalem] Watercolors from the Temple Mount, Jerusalem, by Kosinski
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070216051801/http://www.ariel-sharon-life-story.com/16-Ariel-Sharon-Biography-2000-Visit-to-the-Temple-Mount.shtml 2000 Ariel Sharon's visit to the Temple Mount - From Ariel Sharon's Life Story, a biography]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121004035552/http://www.riifs.org/journal/essy_v2no2_grbar.htm The Haram al-Sharif: An Essay in Interpretation] by Oleg Grabar (discussing the history of the name "Haram al-Sharif")
* [http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace%20Process/Guide%20to%20the%20Peace%20Process/Protection%20of%20Holy%20Places%20Law Protection of Holy Places Law, 1967] (Government of Israel)
* [http://www.us-israel.org/jsource/Society_&_Culture/geo/Mount.html The Temple Mount] (from US-Israel.org)
* [http://www.templemount.org The Temple Mount in Jerusalem] (Christian source)
* [http://www.noblesanctuary.com Noble Sanctuary: The Online Guide to Al-Haram al-Sharif in Jerusalem]
* [http://www.responsafortoday.com/engsums/1_1.htm Entering the Temple Mount In Our Time, Masorti movement responsa]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070423073222/http://www.igor-schestkow.de/de/fotos/thumbs.php?c=jerusalem Igor Schestkow - Temple Mount - Dome of the Rock] Photos
* [http://www.jerusalemshots.com/cat_en62.html Jerusalem Photos]
* [http://www.isracast.com/Transcripts/060605a_trans.htm Liberation of the Temple Mount and Western Wall by Israel Defense Forces] {{웨이백|url=http://www.isracast.com/Transcripts/060605a_trans.htm |date=20080517155031 }} - Historic Live Broadcast on Voice of Israel Radio, June 7, 1967
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070329101325/http://www.hweb.org.uk/content/view/4/3/ History of the Dome of the Rock]: hWeb
* [http://www.archaeology.org/0003/newsbriefs/flap.html Jerusalem's Temple Mount Flap] (from ''Archeology'' magazine)
* [http://www.israel-wat.com/pics2_eng.htm#a2 The Archeological Destruction on the Temple Mount] (from "Israel's War Against Terror")
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121011093809/http://lastdaysmystery.info/Power%20Point/Temple%20Mount.ppt Temple Mount Powerpoint - large picture file]
* [http://www.har-habayt.org/ The Temple Mount Archaeological Destruction] {{웨이백|url=http://www.har-habayt.org/ |date=20200703140236 }} (with [http://www.har-habayt.org/newp.html photographs] of the construction) from Committee for the Prevention of Destruction of Antiquities on the Temple Mount
* [http://www.jcpa.org/jl/vp483.htm The Destruction of the Temple Mount Antiquities] {{웨이백|url=http://www.jcpa.org/jl/vp483.htm |date=20080303140138 }} (Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051122072253/http://www.isra.org.uk/english/Newsl.html Islamic Research Academy] on archeological damage
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130404081731/http://www.aqsa.org.uk/journals/vol2iss2/archaeological_excavations_in_je.html Friends of Al-Aqsa Journal] (on archaeological damage)
* [http://www.askelm.com/temple/ Controversy over exact location of the Temples] {{웨이백|url=http://www.askelm.com/temple/ |date=20041225084200 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071116062853/http://www.geocities.com/martinkramerorg/Temples.htm The Temples of Jerusalem in Islam] Qur'anic and other references analyzed, by Martin Kramer

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:성전산| ]]
[[분류:예루살렘의 산]]
[[분류:영봉]]
[[분류:유대교 성지]]