{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:Jonestown entrance.jpg|섬네일|존스타운의 입구]]
'''존스타운'''({{llang|en|Jonestown}})은 비공식적인 이름으로 더 잘 알려진 '''인민사원 농업 프로젝트'''({{llang|en|Peoples Temple Agricultural Project}})는 [[짐 존스]]의 지도 아래 [[미국]]에 기반을 둔 종교 단체인 [[인민사원]]에 의해 [[가이아나]]의 원격 정착지였다. 1978년 11월 18일, [[포트 카이투마]]의 활주로와 [[가이아나]]의 수도 [[조지타운 (가이아나)|조지타운]]의 사원 운영 건물에서 총 909명이 사망하면서<ref name="auto">{{뉴스 인용|title=Inside the Jonestown massacre|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/US/11/12/jonestown.factsheet/index.html |publisher=CNN|access-date=May 14, 2015|date=November 13, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525233226/http://www.cnn.com/2008/US/11/12/jonestown.factsheet/index.html |archive-date=May 25, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[http://jonestown.sdsu.edu/?page_id=35368 "How many people died on November 18?"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107055132/http://jonestown.sdsu.edu/?page_id=35368 |date=November 7, 2017 }}. ''Alternative Considerations of Jonestown and Peoples Temple''. Jonestown Project: San Diego State University.</ref> 국제적으로 악명이 높아졌다. 정착지의 이름은 그 장소들에서 일어난 사건들과 동의어가 되었다.<ref name="off">{{웹 인용|title=The Trauma of Marriage to a Temple Survivor |url=https://jonestown.sdsu.edu/?page_id=16972 |department=Official website of the project – Alternative Considerations of Jonestown & Peoples Temple |publisher=University of San Diego |access-date=March 20, 2019}}</ref>

존스타운에서 총 918명이 사망했으며<ref name="auto"/>, 2명을 제외하고 모두 시안화물 중독으로 사망했으며, 상당수는 본인의 의사에 반하여 주사되었다. 존스타운에서의 독살은 포트 카이투마에서 의원 [[레오 라이언]]을 포함한 사원 단체들에 의해 5명이 살해된 이후 존스가 명령한 행동이다. 다른 사원 단체 4명은 존스의 명령에 따라 조지타운에서 [[자살]]했다.

존스타운과 조지타운에서의 죽음을 묘사하기 위해 사용된 용어들은 시간이 지남에 따라 발전해 왔다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.newspapers.com/clip/32699562/the_salina_journal/ |title=Mass suicide follows massacre |date=November 20, 1978 |website=The Salina Journal |language=en|access-date=June 10, 2019|agency=United Press International}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.newspapers.com/clip/32700225/the_boston_globe/|title=Woman, 76, slept through mass suicide|date=November 24, 1978|website=The Boston Globe|language=en|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=June 10, 2019|agency=Associated Press}}</ref> 많은 현대 언론들은 그 사건들이 있은 후 그 죽음을 [[집단 자살]]이라고 묘사한다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Jonestown-massacre |title=Jonestown {{!}} History, Facts, Jim Jones, & Survivors |website=Encyclopaedia Britannica |language=en|access-date=June 10, 2019}}</ref> 이와는 대조적으로, 오늘날 대부분의 문헌에서는 대량 살인-자살<ref>{{뉴스 인용|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/17/an-apocalyptic-cult-900-dead-remembering-the-jonestown-massacre-40-years-on|title=An apocalyptic cult, 900 dead: remembering the Jonestown massacre, 40 years on|last=Conroy|first=J. Oliver|date=November 17, 2018|work=The Guardian|access-date=June 10, 2019|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{잡지 인용|url=https://time.com/longform/jonestown-aftermath/|title='Can't Sleep.' 'Beyond Imagination.' What It Was Like to Work on the Jonestown Massacre Clean-Up|magazine=Time|language=en|access-date=June 10, 2019}}</ref>, [[학살]] 또는 단순히 [[대량 살인]]과 같은 용어로 죽음을 언급하고 있다.<ref>In the documentary ''Jonestown: The Life and Death of Peoples Temple'', former member Stanley Clayton refused to "use the term 'suicide'" because "that man [Jones] was killing us"; another member, Tim Carter, said that the victims were "fucking slaughtered" and that their deaths had nothing to do with "revolutionary suicide".</ref><ref>[http://jonestown.sdsu.edu/?page_id=31976 "Murder or Suicide: What I Saw" by Tim Carter] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304112137/http://jonestown.sdsu.edu/?page_id=31976 |date=March 4, 2016 }}. ''Alternative Considerations of Jonestown and Peoples Temple''. Jonestown Project: San Diego State University.</ref> 존스타운에서 70명 이상의 사람들이 독극물을 주사받았고, 희생자 중 3분의 1(304명)은 미성년자였다.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1979/02/25/archives/why-900-died-in-guyana.html "WHY 900 DIED IN GUYANA' by Carey Winfrey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170617062014/http://www.nytimes.com/1979/02/25/archives/why-900-died-in-guyana.html |date=June 17, 2017 }}. The New York Times, February 25, 1979</ref><ref>[http://jonestown.sdsu.edu/?page_id=35332 "How many children and minors died in Jonestown? What were their ages?"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161105161326/http://jonestown.sdsu.edu/?page_id=35332 |date=November 5, 2016 }} ''Alternative Considerations of Jonestown and Peoples Temple''. Department of Religious Studies, San Diego State University.</ref> 총과 석궁으로 무장한 경비원들은 존스가 자살 로비를 벌이자 정착지에서 도망치려는 자는 누구든 총으로 쏘라는 명령을 받았다.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1997-05-10-9705100253-story.html|title=GUYANESE JUNGLE RECLAIMING JONESTOWN|last=Writer|first=Laurie Goering, Tribune Staff|website=chicagotribune.com|language=en-US|access-date=June 10, 2019}}</ref>

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[천국의 문 (종교)]]
* [[푸푸탄]]
== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
{{위키공용분류}}

* [https://jonestown.sdsu.edu/?post_type=who_died List of Jonestown massacre victims]
* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-46241372/ Jonestown: Rebuilding my life after surviving the massacre.] By Georgina Rannard & Kelly-Leigh Cooper. ''BBC News''. The story of Laura Johnson Kohl. Includes pre-event information & photos.
* [http://jonestown.sdsu.edu/ ''Alternative considerations of Jonestown and Peoples Temple''], an extensive resource on the topics, sponsored by the Department of Religious Studies at San Diego State University
* [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/jonestown/ "Jonestown: The Life and Death of Peoples Temple"] {{웨이백|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/jonestown/ |date=20090226013021 }}, website for the film broadcast on PBS includes video interviews with survivors from 2006.
* [https://archive.org/details/ptc1978-11-18.flac16 "The Jonestown Death Tape (FBI No. Q 042) (November 18 1978)"], an unofficial web-publishing (digital) of the death tape seemingly made just before and during the mass slaying
* {{잡지 인용
| title = Nightmare in Jonestown
| date = December 4, 1978
| magazine = [[타임 (잡지)|Time]]
| url = http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,912249,00.html
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071114005753/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,912249,00.html
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = November 14, 2007
| access-date = August 5, 2008
}}, ''Time'' magazine cover story, Monday, December 4, 1978
* [https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1509317 ''Father Cares: The Last of Jonestown''], a 1981 audio documentary produced by [[NPR]] (90 minutes)
* [http://www.jonestownlegacy.com/ ''Jonestown Legacy''] website run by David Wise, once a pastor of the Los Angeles Branch of the Peoples Temple, but latterly an opponent of Jim Jones.
* {{웹 인용|url=http://www.icehouse.net/zodiac/ |title=''The Jonestown, Guyana Tragedy: Primary Source Materials from the U.S. Department of State'' |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990428190751/http://www.icehouse.net/zodiac/ |archive-date=April 28, 1999}}, the contents of US Government archives on the subject obtained through the [[Freedom of Information Act (United States)|Freedom of Information Act]]. (web-archived copy of the original website, no longer extant; unfortunately the scanned pages are missing)
* {{웹 인용|url=http://freedomofmind.com/resourcecenter/groups/p/peoplestemple/jonestown_doc_1/ |title=The Assassination of Representative Leo J. Ryan and the Jonestown, Guyana Tragedy |access-date=July 13, 2011 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110309152611/http://freedomofmind.com/resourcecenter/groups/p/peoplestemple/jonestown_doc_1/ |archive-date=March 9, 2011 }}, excerpt from: ''Report of a Staff Investigative Group to the Committee on Foreign Affairs'', U.S. House of Representatives, May 15, 1979
* [http://kdrt.org/audio/davisville-8414-listening-survivor-and-story-jonestown/ "Davisville, 8/4/14: Listening to a survivor, and the story, of Jonestown"]. Radio interview with Julia Scheeres, author of ''A Thousand Lives: The Untold Story of Jonestown'' and Thom Bogue, one of the survivors, KDRT, August 2014.
* [https://archive.org/details/Jonestown-FBI "Jonestown FBI Files"] at Internet Archive
* [https://jonestown.sdsu.edu/?page_id=80838 The Downfall of Jim Jones] by Larry Lee Litke. Published at [http://jonestown.sdsu.edu The Jonestown Institute]. Originally published 1980.
* [https://jonestown.sdsu.edu/?page_id=78282 The Black Hole of Guyana:The Untold Story of the Jonestown Massacre] by John Judge, 1985

{{전거 통제}}

[[분류:1974년 가이아나]]
[[분류:1978년 가이아나]]
[[분류:가이아나-미국 관계]]
[[분류:가이아나의 역사]]
[[분류:가이아나의 대량 살인]]
[[분류:가이아나의 살인 사건]]
[[분류:가이아나의 사회주의]]
[[분류:기독교 선교]]
[[분류:반미 감정]]
[[분류:1978년 11월]]
[[분류:1978년 학살]]
[[분류:1978년 대량 살인]]