{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{Drugbox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 456480929
| IUPAC_name = 5-Fluoro-1''H'',3''H''-pyrimidine-2,4-dione
| image = Fluorouracil2DACS.svg
| width = 80
| image2 = Fluorouracil3DanZ.gif
| width2 = 100
<!--Clinical data-->
| pronounce = {{IPAc-en|ˌ|f|l|ʊər|oʊ|ˈ|j|ʊər|ə|s|ɪ|l}}<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Fluorouracil – Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fluorouracil |accessdate=2014-11-19 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129194245/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fluorouracil |archivedate=2014-11-29 |df= }}</ref>
| tradename = Adrucil, Carac, Efudex, Efudix, others
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|fluorouracil}}
| MedlinePlus = a682708
| licence_US = Fluorouracil
| pregnancy_AU = D
| pregnancy_category = <br>D (IV), X (topical) <small>([[미국|US]])</small>
| legal_AU = S4
| legal_CA = Rx-only
| legal_UK = POM
| legal_US = Rx-only
| routes_of_administration = [[수액 (의학)|IV]] (infusion or [[:en:wikt:bolus|bolus]]) and topical
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability = 28 to 100%
| protein_bound = 8 to 12%
| metabolism = Intracellular and [[간]] ([[시토크롬 P450|CYP]]-mediated)
| elimination_half-life = 16분
| excretion = [[콩팥]]
<!--Identifiers-->
| IUPHAR_ligand = 4789
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 51-21-8
| ATC_prefix = L01
| ATC_suffix = BC02
| PubChem = 3385
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00544
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 3268
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = U3P01618RT
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D00584
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 46345
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 185
<!--Chemical data-->
| C=4 | H=3 | F=1 | N=2 | O=2
| molecular_weight = 130.077 g/mol
| smiles = c1c(c(=O)[nH]c(=O)[nH]1)F
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C4H3FN2O2/c5-2-1-6-4(9)7-3(2)8/h1H,(H2,6,7,8,9)
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = GHASVSINZRGABV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| melting_point = 282–283
}}

'''플루오로유라실'''({{lang|en|fluorouracil}}, '''5-FU''', 상표명: '''Adrucil''' 등), 또는 플루오로우라실은 [[암]] 치료에 사용되는 약물이다.<ref name=AHFS2016/> [[수액 (의학)|정맥 주사를 통해 투여 시]]에는 [[대장암]], [[식도암]], [[위암]], [[췌장암]], [[유방암]], [[자궁경부암]]을 대상으로 사용된다.<ref name=AHFS2016>{{웹 인용|title=Fluorouracil|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/fluorouracil.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|accessdate=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220192631/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/fluorouracil.html|archivedate=20 December 2016|df=}}</ref> 크림으로 투여할 경우 [[광선각화증]], [[기저 세포암]], 피부 [[사마귀 (피부병)|사마귀]]에 사용된다.<ref name=AHFS2016Top>{{웹 인용|title=Fluorouracil topical|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/fluorouracil-topical.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|accessdate=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226054457/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/fluorouracil-topical.html|archivedate=26 December 2016|df=}}</ref><ref>{{저널 인용|last1=Moore |first1=AY |title=Clinical applications for topical 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of dermatological disorders. |journal=The Journal of Dermatological Treatment |date=2009 |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=328–35 |doi=10.3109/09546630902789326 |pmid=19954388}}</ref>

주사를 통해 투여할 경우 대부분의 사람들에게 부작용으로 발전하는데,<ref name=AHFS2016/> 일반적인 부작용으로는 구강염, 식욕 부진, [[혈구 감소]], 탈모, 피부염이 포함된다.<ref name=AHFS2016/> 크림으로 투여할 경우 적용 부위의 가려움이 발생할 수 있다.<ref name=AHFS2016Top/> 해당 두 가지 투여 방식의 경우 [[임신]] 중에 투여 시 태아에 위험을 초래할 수 있다.<ref name=AHFS2016/> 플루오로유라실은 [[대사길항물질]]이자 [[피리미딘 유사]] 계열의 약물이다.<ref name=BNF69>{{서적 인용|title=British national formulary : BNF 69|date=2015|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=9780857111562|page=590|edition=69}}</ref><ref>{{서적 인용|last1=Airley|first1=Rachel|title=Cancer Chemotherapy: Basic Science to the Clinic|date=2009|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9780470092569|page=76|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wjjYyYpfiQ8C&pg=PA76|language=en|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171105200744/https://books.google.com/books?id=wjjYyYpfiQ8C&pg=PA76|archivedate=2017-11-05|df=}}</ref> 동작 원리는 완전히 밝혀진 것은 아니지만 [[티미딜산합성효소]]의 동작의 차단을 수행함으로써 [[DNA]]의 생성을 중단시키는 것으로 간주된다.<ref name=AHFS2016/>

플루오로유라실은 1956년 특허를 받았으며 1962년 의학용으로 사용되기 시작했다.<ref name=Fis2006>{{서적 인용|last1=Fischer|first1=Janos|last2=Ganellin|first2=C. Robin|title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery|date=2006|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9783527607495|page=511|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA511|language=en|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911002644/https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA511|archivedate=2017-09-11|df=}}</ref> [[의료제도]]에 필수적인 가장 효과적이고 안전한 의약품 목록인 [[WHO 필수 의약품 목록]]에 등재되어 있다.<ref name=WHO19th>{{웹 인용|title=WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List)|url=http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/EML_2015_FINAL_amended_NOV2015.pdf?ua=1|work=World Health Organization|accessdate=8 December 2016|date=April 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161213052708/http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/EML_2015_FINAL_amended_NOV2015.pdf?ua=1|archivedate=13 December 2016|df=}}</ref> [[개발도상국]]의 도매가는 500 mg 약병 기준으로 대략 US$1.18–3.40이다.<ref name=ERC2014>{{웹 인용|title=Fluorouracil|url=http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=356&searchYear=2014|website=International Drug Price Indicator Guide|accessdate=8 December 2016|보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121120340/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=356&searchYear=2014|보존날짜=2018-11-21|url-status=dead}}</ref> 영국에서의 비용은 [[국민 건강 서비스|NHS]] 기준 대략 6.40 파운드이다.<ref name=BNF69/> 미국 내 비용은 대략 $18.71이다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=Fluorouracil Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs - Drugs.com|url=https://www.drugs.com/price-guide/fluorouracil|website=Drugs.com|accessdate=27 June 2017|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171105200744/https://www.drugs.com/price-guide/fluorouracil|archivedate=5 November 2017|df=}}</ref>

== 상호작용 경로 ==
{{FluoropyrimidineActivity WP1601}}

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK395610/ U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information: Medical Genetics Summaries - Fluorouracil Therapy and DPYD Genotype]
* {{저널 인용|last1=Latchman|first1=Jessica|last2=Guastella|first2=Ann|last3=Tofthagen|first3=Cindy|title=5-Fluorouracil Toxicity and Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Enzyme: Implications for Practice|journal=Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing.|date=1 October 2014|volume=18|issue=5|pages=581–585|doi=10.1188/14.CJON.581-585|pmid=25253112|pmc=5469441}}

{{화학요법제}}

[[분류:핵염기]]
[[분류:유기 플루오린 화합물]]
[[분류:세계 보건 기구 필수 의약품]]
[[분류:피리미딘다이온]]
[[분류:피리미딘 대항제]]