{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
[[파일:CCC-poster-1935.jpg|섬네일|1935년 민간 보존단을 홍보하기 위해 [[연방 예술 프로젝트]]의 지원 아래 알버트 M. 벤더가 제작한 포스터]]
[[파일:CCC boys leaving camp for home, Lassen National Forest, California (3226900020).jpg|섬네일|[[라센 국유림]]의 캠프를 떠나 집으로 향하는 민간 보존단 청년들.]]

'''민간 보존단'''({{llang|en|Civilian Conservation Corps}}, '''CCC''')은 1933년부터 1942년까지 [[미국]]에서 18~25세의 미혼 남성 실업자들을 대상으로 운영된 봉사적 정부 근로 구제 프로그램으로, 이후에 17~28세까지 연령 범위가 확장되었다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/timeline/ccc/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225041953/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/timeline/ccc/ |title=Timeline. The Civilian Conservation Corps |archive-date=2016-12-25 |publisher=WGBH - PBS |work=American Experience}}</ref> 민간 보존단은 연방, 주와 지방 정부가 소유한 농촌 지역에서 천연자원의 보존 및 개발과 관련된 육체 노동 일자리를 제공한 [[프랭클린 D. 루스벨트]] 대통령의 [[뉴딜|뉴딜 정책]]의 주요 기관 중 하나였다. 이 기관은 [[대공황]] 기간 동안 일자리를 찾는 데 어려움을 겪던 미국 청년들을 대상으로 일자리를 제공해 그 가족들을 구제하는 것을 목표로 가졌으며, 이와 비슷한 목적으로 실업 여성들을 대상으로 한 [[엘리너 루스벨트]]가 주창한 [[여성-여성-여성 캠프]](''She-She-She Camps'')가 있다.<ref>{{웹 인용|title=New Deal Resident Camps for Unemployed Women|url=https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/02050ee5b4d543cf93821f56382367c2|access-date=2021-03-19|website=ArcGIS StoryMaps|date=January 22, 2021 }}</ref>

[[로버트 페크너]](''Robert Fechner'')는 민간 보존단의 초대 책임자였으며 페크너가 사망한 이후로는 [[제임스 맥켄티]](''James McEntee'')가 뒤를 이었다. 한 번에 가장 많은 등록자가 있었을 때에는 약 30만 명이었으며, 9년 동안 약 300만 명의 청년들이 민간 보존단에 참여하여 의식주를 제공받고 $30(인플레이션을 고려하여 2023년의 ${{인플레이션|US|30|1933|ftm=eq}})의 월급을 받았고, 이 중 $25(인플레이션을 고려하여 2023년의 ${{인플레이션|US|25|1933|ftm=eq}})는 가족에게 보내야 했다.<ref>John A. Salmond, ''The Civilian Conservation Corps CCC 1933–1942: a New Deal case study'' (1967)</ref>

미국 국민들에게 민간 보존단은 뉴딜 정책 중에서 가장 인기 있었으며<ref>Perry H. Merrill, ''Roosevelt's Forest Army, A History of the Civilian Conservation Corps'' (1981) p. 196</ref> 당시 작성된 자료에 따르면 사람들에게 청년들이 민간 보존단에 가입하면 건강해지고 열정이 증가하며 취업 가능성이 높아질 것이라고 믿어졌다.<ref>{{잡지 인용|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,771421,00.html|title=CONSERVATION: Poor Young Men|magazine=Time|date=February 6, 1939|via=content.time.com}}</ref> 또한 민간 보존단은 국가의 자연과 천연 자원에 관한 국민들의 관심을 증가시켰으며 천연 자원의 보호 및 개발에 관한 신중하고 포괄적인 국가 프로그램에 대한 필요성을 대두시켰다.<ref>Robert Allen Ermentrout, "Forgotten Men: The Civilian Conservation Corps," (1982) p. 99</ref>

민간 보존단은 재향군인이나 미국 원주민들을 위한 별도의 프로그램을 운영했으며 약 1만 5천여 명의 원주민들이 가입하여 대공황 시기를 견뎌냈다.<ref name="ICT">{{웹 인용|url=http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2016/08/09/franklin-delano-roosevelt-new-deal-indians-165393 |first=Alysa |last=Landry |title=Franklin Delano Roosevelt: A New Deal for Indians |work=Indian Country Today |date=August 9, 2016 |access-date=August 9, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812093243/http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2016/08/09/franklin-delano-roosevelt-new-deal-indians-165393 |archive-date=August 12, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> 그러나 이후 [[제2차 세계 대전]]이 격화되어 방위 산업의 인력 증가와 징집이 시작되면서 일자리 구제의 필요성이 줄어들었고 결국 1942년 의회는 이 프로그램을 종료했다.<ref>Wirth, pp. 105, 142-144</ref>

== 같이 보기 ==
* [[미국 기후단]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
*{{위키공용분류-줄}}
* [http://www.ccclegacy.org/ Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Legacy] A merged non-profit foundation of the former National Association of CCC Alumni (NACCCA) and the Camp Roosevelt CCC Legacy Foundation
*National Archives & Records Administration: [https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/035.html#35.4 Records of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)]
* [https://corpsnetwork.org/ The Corps Network (formerly known as NASCC)]
* [http://www.wecantakeit.org Wecantakeit.org], grassroots non-profit to reestablish the USCCC, based in St Petersburg, Florida
* [https://www.nps.gov/band/learn/photosmultimedia/virtualtour.htm Bandelier National Monument Virtual Museum Exhibit and Lesson Plans], from [[National Park Service]]
* [https://education.texashistory.unt.edu/lessons/psa/Life_CCC/ Life in the Civilian Conservation Corps] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506001817/https://education.texashistory.unt.edu/lessons/psa/Life_CCC/ |date=May 6, 2021 }} Primary Source Adventure, a lesson plan hosted by [https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/civilian-conservation-corps CCC in Texas]
* [https://www.thoughtco.com/top-new-deal-programs-104687 Top 10 New Deal Programs]
* [http://www.justinmuseum.com/famjustin/ccchis.html James F Justin Civilian Conservation Corps Museum, Online CCC Biographies Stories Photographs, and Documents]
* [http://www.pantagraph.com/news/local/leroy-congerville-sites-of-ccc-camps/article_38653e4c-f1ac-11e2-92df-0019bb2963f4.html LeRoy, Congerville sites of CCC camps - Pantagraph] (Bloomington, Illinois newspaper)
* [https://catalog.sos.ri.gov/repositories/2/archival_objects/2087 Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC): The Arcadia Veteran bulletins] from the Rhode Island State Archives
* https://web.archive.org/web/20070807170035/http://www.qmmuseum.lee.army.mil/ccc_forest.htm Army Quartermaster support to the Civilian Conservation Corps during the Great Depression

=== 주별 민간 보존단 ===
* [https://video.idahoptv.org/video/outdoor-idaho-ccc-in-idaho/ CCC in Idaho] Video produced by [[Idaho Public Television]]
* [http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/dcr/get-involved/civilian-conservation-corps-ccc/the-history-of-ccc.html CCC History Archives in Massachusetts]
* [https://www.michigan.gov/mhc/0,9075,7-361-85147_87219_87222-472998--,00.html Rosentreter, Roger L. "Roosevelt's Tree Army: Michigan's Civilian Conservation Corps"], with photographs
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150103121018/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/C/CI012.html Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, "Civilian Conservation Corps"]
* [http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us/spdest/findadest/historic_sites/ccc/new_deal_texas_main/ A New Deal for Texas Parks] - interactive web album of CCC activities in Texas
* [https://depts.washington.edu/depress/map_CCC.shtml CCC camps map], a guide to projects in Washington State, with rare photographs. [[Great Depression in Washington State Project]]
* [https://catalog.sos.ri.gov/repositories/2/resources/1319 Webster M. Pidgeon Papers: Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) photographs and memorabilia] from the Rhode Island State Archives
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxsy0_mWtO4 Built To Last: The Legacy of the Civilian Conservation Corps in Minnesota]

=== 개인 캠프 ===
* [https://archive.today/20130112143034/http://pelmarpublishing.webhop.net/ PelMar Publishing] Henderson, James D. ''Lost in the Woods–The Legacy of CCC Camp Pelican],'' (2009).
*{{웹 인용
 |last=Siuslaw National Forest
 |author2=History Department
 |author3=Portland State University
 |title=Camp 56: An Oral History Project: World War II Conscientious Objectors and the Waldport, Oregon Civilian Public Service Camp
 |work=Center for Columbia River History
 |access-date=August 15, 2013
 |url=http://www.ccrh.org/oral/co.pdf
 |url-status=dead
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604230023/http://www.ccrh.org/oral/co.pdf
 |archive-date=June 4, 2013
}}

=== 사진 ===
*Images of the [https://www.flickr.com/photos/osucommons/sets/72157613061881243/ Civilian Conservation Corps] on the [[Oregon State University]] Archives [[Flickr Commons]] page.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110725183403/http://www.cnyheritage.org/cdm4/browse.php?CISOROOT=%2Ffayfre01&CISOSTART=1%2C21 CNY Heritage Digital Library], featuring images of Civilian Conservation Corps members constructing Green Lakes State Park in Central New York (1929–1948).

=== 다큐멘터리, TV 영화 ===

* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2jvbTwxdbvE "The Great Depression, Displaced Mountaineers in Shenandoah National Park, and the Civilian Conservation Corps (C.C.C.)"], on YouTube
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qolPqXNGW3I ''Youth Jobs Program (CCC) During Great Depression''], ''The March of Time''
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3SdvYOHKyU4 President Visits Foresters (CCC), Roosevelt 1933/08/14], newsreel
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=02sY4XYqKgw Recreation Resources, 1935], West Virginia, available through NARA (National Archives and Records Administration)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lI9YcPahmUg A Nationwide System of Parks 1939], NARA
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ArpLe_A0zk&feature=PlayList&p=6C92411EB3B3D76B&playnext=1&playnext_from=PL&index=11 Alabama Highlands 1937] Alabama State Parks, NARA
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N23Vpy6VTmw Down Mobile Way, 1935] Alabama State Parks, NARA
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cJDQlblui3A&feature=PlayList&p=6C92411EB3B3D76B&index=13 ''The Cradle of the Father of Waters, 1938''] Minnesota State Parks, Lake Itasca State Park, NARA
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kx3OoN0dIfY Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 1936], NARA
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MkIkCjwlRL0 ''Land of the Giants, 1935''] California, NARA
* [[The East Side Kids]] (''[[Pride of the Bowery]],'' 1941), [[Leo Gorcey]] - Bobby Jordan
* [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/civilian-conservation-corps/ American Experience: ''The Civilian Conservation Corps''], PBS [[American Experience]], 2009
* [https://texasarchive.org/2018_00999 Parks Under the Lone Star], 1933 film detailing Texas CCC projects, [[Texas Archive of the Moving Image]]

{{전거 통제}}
[[분류:민간 보존단]]
[[분류:미국의 자연보전 단체]]
[[분류:제73대 미국 의회]]