{{위키데이터 속성 추적}}
{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 443496462
| Name = 황산 칼슘
| ImageFile = CaSO4.tif
| ImageSize = 
| ImageName = Calcium sulfate anhydrous
| ImageFile2 = Calcium sulfate hemihydrate.jpg
| ImageSize2 = 
| ImageName2 = Calcium sulfate hemihydrate
| OtherNames = [[Plaster of Paris]]<br/>[[Drierite]]<br/>[[Gypsum]]
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| index3_label = (dihydrate)
| index2_label = (hemihydrate)
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 22905
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = E934B3V59H
| UNII3 = 4846Q921YM
| InChI = 1/Ca.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 31346
| ChEBI3 = 32583
| ChEMBL = 2106140
| Gmelin = 7487
| SMILES = [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O
| InChIKey = OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-NUQVWONBAU
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/Ca.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L
| DrugBank = DB15533
| CASNo = 7778-18-9
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}}
| CASNo2 = 10034-76-1
| CASNo3_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}}
| CASNo3 = 10101-41-4
| EC_number = 231-900-3
| PubChem3 = 24928
| RTECS = WS6920000
| RTECS3 = MG2360000
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}
| KEGG4 = D09201
| KEGG = C13194
 }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Density = 2.96 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (anhydrous) <br> 2.32 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (dihydrate)
| Solubility = 0.21g/100ml at 20&nbsp;°C (anhydrous)<ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s4YittJrOsAC&pg=PA71|page=71|title=The Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects: C|author= S. Gangolli|publisher=Royal Society of Chemistry|year=1999|isbn=978-0-85404-813-7}}</ref> <br/> 0.24 g/100ml at 20&nbsp;°C (dihydrate)<ref>{{서적 인용|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JXO-HdRnTl0C&pg=PA242|page=242|title=Reagent chemicals: specifications and procedures : American Chemical Society specifications, official from January 1, 2006|author=American Chemical Society|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-8412-3945-6}}</ref>
| Solvent = [[glycerol]]
| SolubleOther = slightly soluble (dihydrate)
| SolubilityProduct = 4.93 × 10<sup>−5</sup> mol<sup>2</sup>L<sup>−2</sup> (anhydrous)<br> 3.14 × 10<sup>−5</sup> (dihydrate)<br><ref>D.R. Linde (ed.) "CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics", 83rd Edition, CRC Press, 2002</ref>
| MeltingPtC = 1460
| MeltingPt_notes = (anhydrous)
| Formula = CaSO<sub>4</sub>
| MolarMass = 136.14 g/mol (anhydrous)<br/>145.15 g/mol (hemihydrate) <br> 172.172 g/mol (dihydrate)
| Appearance = white solid
| Odor = odorless
| pKa = 10.4 (anhydrous) <br> 7.3 (dihydrate)
| MagSus = -49.7·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
 }}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| Coordination = 
| CrystalStruct = [[orthorhombic]]
 }}
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = -1433 kJ/mol<ref name=b1>{{서적 인용| author = Zumdahl, Steven S.|title =Chemical Principles 6th Ed.| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company| year = 2009| isbn = 978-0-618-94690-7|page=A21}}</ref>
| Entropy = 107&nbsp;J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1 />
}}
|Section5={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics1589.htm ICSC 1589]
| NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-S = 
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
| PEL = TWA 15 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (total) TWA 5 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (resp) [for anhydrous form only]<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0095}}</ref>
| REL = TWA 10 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (total) TWA 5 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (resp) [anhydrous only]<ref name=PGCH/>
| IDLH = N.D.<ref name=PGCH/>
 }}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherCations = [[Magnesium sulfate]]<br/>[[Strontium sulfate]]<br/>[[Barium sulfate]]
| OtherFunction_label = [[desiccant]]s
| OtherFunction = [[Calcium chloride]]<br/>[[Magnesium sulfate]]
| OtherCompounds = [[Plaster of Paris]]<br/>[[Gypsum]]
 }}
}}
'''황산 칼슘'''({{문화어|황산칼시움}}, calcium sulfate)은 [[칼슘]]의 [[황산염]]이다. 자연적으로는 [[경석고]]로 산출되는 흰 결정이지만, 인위적으로는 [[칼슘염]] 수용액에 [[황산]] 또는 [[황산염]] 수용액을 넣으면 [[염|앙금]]으로써 얻을 수 있다.

== 수화 / 결정구조 ==
황산칼슘은 수화 정도에 따라 세가지의 결정구조를 가지고 있다.

* CaSO<sub>4</sub> (anhydrite) : 경석고, 무수석고
* CaSO<sub>4</sub> · 2H<sub>2</sub>O (gysum) : 석고, 깁스, 천연석고, 이수석고
* CaSO<sub>4</sub> · ½H<sub>2</sub>O (bassanite) : <지질학>버사나이트, 반수석고

== 수화/탈수 반응 ==
* 수화(水化) 반응: <ce>{CaSO4.1/2H2O} + 1\!1/2H2O -> CaSO4.2H2O</ce> ([[발열 반응]])
* 탈수(脫水) 반응: <ce>CaSO4.2H2O -> {CaSO4.1/2H2O} + 1\!1/2H2O\!\uparrow</ce> ([[흡열 반응]])

== 같이 보기 ==
{{위키공용분류}}
* [[설화 석고]] (앨러배스터)
* [[경석고]]
* [[시멘트]]
* [[인산칼슘]]
* [[과산화칼슘]]

== 각주 ==
{{각주}}

== 외부 링크 ==
* {{언어링크|en}} [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics1215.htm International Chemical Satefy Card 1215]
* {{언어링크|en}} [http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0095.html NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards]

{{전거 통제}}
{{토막글|화학}}

[[분류:건조제]]
[[분류:칼슘 화합물]]
[[분류:황산염]]