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"""A Dataset loading script for the QAMR (Question-Answer Meaning Representations) dataset (Michael et al., NAACL 2018).""" |
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import datasets |
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from pathlib import Path |
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import pandas as pd |
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from operator import itemgetter |
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from itertools import groupby |
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_CITATION = """\ |
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@inproceedings{michael-etal-2018-crowdsourcing, |
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title = "Crowdsourcing Question-Answer Meaning Representations", |
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author = "Michael, Julian and |
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Stanovsky, Gabriel and |
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He, Luheng and |
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Dagan, Ido and |
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Zettlemoyer, Luke", |
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booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2018 Conference of the North {A}merican Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 2 (Short Papers)", |
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month = jun, |
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year = "2018", |
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address = "New Orleans, Louisiana", |
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publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics", |
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url = "https://aclanthology.org/N18-2089", |
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doi = "10.18653/v1/N18-2089", |
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pages = "560--568", |
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abstract = "We introduce Question-Answer Meaning Representations (QAMRs), which represent the predicate-argument structure of a sentence as a set of question-answer pairs. We develop a crowdsourcing scheme to show that QAMRs can be labeled with very little training, and gather a dataset with over 5,000 sentences and 100,000 questions. A qualitative analysis demonstrates that the crowd-generated question-answer pairs cover the vast majority of predicate-argument relationships in existing datasets (including PropBank, NomBank, and QA-SRL) along with many previously under-resourced ones, including implicit arguments and relations. We also report baseline models for question generation and answering, and summarize a recent approach for using QAMR labels to improve an Open IE system. These results suggest the freely available QAMR data and annotation scheme should support significant future work.", |
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} |
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""" |
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_DESCRIPTION = """\ |
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Question-Answer Meaning Representations (QAMR) are a new paradigm for representing predicate-argument structure, which makes use of free-form questions and their answers in order to represent a wide range of semantic phenomena. |
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The semantic expressivity of QAMR compares to (and in some cases exceeds) that of existing formalisms, while the representations can be annotated by non-experts (in particular, using crowdsourcing). |
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Formal Notes: |
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* The `answer_ranges` feature here has a different meaning from that of the `qanom` and `qa_srl` datasets, although both are structured the same way; |
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while in qasrl/qanom, each "answer range" (i.e. each span, represented as [begin-idx, end-idx]) stands for an independant answer which is read separately |
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(e.g., "John Vincen", "head of marketing"), in this `qamr` dataset each question has a single answer who might be conposed of non-consecutive spans; |
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that is, all given spans should be read successively. |
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* Another difference is that the meaning of `predicate` in QAMR is different and softer than in QASRL/QANom - here, the predicate is not necessarily within the question, |
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it can also be in the answer; it is generally what the annotator marked as the focus of the QA. |
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""" |
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_HOMEPAGE = "https://github.com/uwnlp/qamr" |
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_LICENSE = """\ |
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MIT License |
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Copyright (c) 2017 Julian Michael |
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy |
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of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal |
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in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights |
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to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell |
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copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is |
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furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: |
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all |
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copies or substantial portions of the Software. |
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR |
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IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, |
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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE |
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AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER |
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LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, |
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OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE |
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SOFTWARE.""" |
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_URLs = { |
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"train": "https://github.com/uwnlp/qamr/raw/master/data/filtered/train.tsv", |
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"dev": "https://github.com/uwnlp/qamr/raw/master/data/filtered/dev.tsv", |
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"test": "https://github.com/uwnlp/qamr/raw/master/data/filtered/test.tsv", |
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"ptb": "https://github.com/uwnlp/qamr/raw/master/data/filtered/ptb.tsv", |
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"sentences": "https://github.com/uwnlp/qamr/raw/master/data/wiki-sentences.tsv", |
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} |
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TSV_COLUMNS = ["sentence_id", "target_words", "worker_id", "QA_id", "target_word_id", "question", "answer_indices", "validator_1_response", "validator_2_response"] |
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SpanFeatureType = datasets.Sequence(datasets.Value("int32"), length=2) |
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def consecutive_groups(iterable, ordering=lambda x: x): |
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""" Adapted from the `more-itertools` package - |
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https://github.com/more-itertools/more-itertools/blob/ae32ef57502b9def6e2362cff43a453901fc1f4f/more_itertools/more.py#L2600 |
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""" |
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groups = [] |
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for k, g in groupby( |
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enumerate(iterable), key=lambda x: x[0] - ordering(x[1]) |
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): |
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groups.append(list(map(itemgetter(1), g))) |
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return groups |
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class Qamr(datasets.GeneratorBasedBuilder): |
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"""QAMR: Question-Answer Meaning Representations corpus""" |
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VERSION = datasets.Version("1.0.0") |
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BUILDER_CONFIGS = [ |
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datasets.BuilderConfig( |
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name="plain_text", version=VERSION, description="This provides the filtered crowdsourced dataset for QAMR" |
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), |
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] |
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DEFAULT_CONFIG_NAME = ( |
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"plain_text" |
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) |
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def _info(self): |
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features = datasets.Features( |
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{ |
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"sentence": datasets.Value("string"), |
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"sent_id": datasets.Value("string"), |
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"predicate_idx": datasets.Value("int32"), |
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"predicate": datasets.Value("string"), |
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"question": datasets.Sequence(datasets.Value("string")), |
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"answers": datasets.Sequence(datasets.Value("string")), |
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"answer_ranges": datasets.Sequence(SpanFeatureType) |
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} |
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) |
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return datasets.DatasetInfo( |
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description=_DESCRIPTION, |
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features=features, |
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supervised_keys=None, |
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homepage=_HOMEPAGE, |
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license=_LICENSE, |
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citation=_CITATION, |
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) |
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def _split_generators(self, dl_manager: datasets.utils.download_manager.DownloadManager): |
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"""Returns SplitGenerators.""" |
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self.downloaded_files = { |
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key: Path(dl_manager.download_and_extract(_URLs[key])) |
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for key in _URLs |
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} |
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return [ |
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datasets.SplitGenerator( |
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name=datasets.Split.TRAIN, |
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gen_kwargs={ |
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"filepath": self.downloaded_files["train"], |
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}, |
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), |
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datasets.SplitGenerator( |
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name=datasets.Split.VALIDATION, |
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gen_kwargs={ |
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"filepath": self.downloaded_files["dev"], |
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}, |
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), |
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datasets.SplitGenerator( |
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name=datasets.Split.TEST, |
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gen_kwargs={ |
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"filepath": self.downloaded_files["test"], |
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}, |
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), |
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] |
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def _generate_examples(self, filepath): |
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""" Yields QAMR examples (QAs) from a '.tsv' file .""" |
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sent_df = pd.read_csv(self.downloaded_files["sentences"], sep='\t', names=["sentence_id", "sentence"]) |
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sent_id2sent = {r["sentence_id"]: r["sentence"] for _, r in sent_df.iterrows()} |
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df = pd.read_csv(filepath, sep='\t', names=TSV_COLUMNS) |
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for counter, row in df.iterrows(): |
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sentence = sent_id2sent[row.sentence_id] |
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sent_tokens = sentence.split(" ") |
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question = [row.question] |
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answer_tokens = [int(t) for t in row.answer_indices.split(" ")] |
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answer_groups = consecutive_groups(answer_tokens) |
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answer_ranges = [[group[0], group[-1]+1] for group in answer_groups] |
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answer = ' '.join(sent_tokens[tok_idx] for tok_idx in answer_tokens) |
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yield counter, { |
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"sentence": sentence, |
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"sent_id": row.sentence_id, |
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"predicate_idx": row.target_word_id, |
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"predicate": sent_tokens[row.target_word_id], |
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"question": question, |
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"answers": [answer], |
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"answer_ranges": answer_ranges |
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} |
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