bio-datasets/bigbio-ner-merged · Datasets at Hugging Face

answer stringlengths 1 16.1k	id stringlengths 7 56	instruction stringlengths 106 72.6k	ner_tags sequence	text stringlengths 5 72.4k	tokens sequence	types sequence
textbooks is an umlsterm, pain management is an umlsterm, opioids is an umlsterm, pain is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm	DerSchmerz.00140186.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Introduction . In some recent German textbooks of pain management there is maintained that psychological dependence to opioids in pain patients is not a real problem . The evidence for this statement is reviewed . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Introduction . In some recent German textbooks of pain management there is maintained that psychological dependence to opioids in pain patients is not a real problem . The evidence for this statement is reviewed .	[ "Introduction", ".", "In", "some", "recent", "German", "textbooks", "of", "pain", "management", "there", "is", "maintained", "that", "psychological", "dependence", "to", "opioids", "in", "pain", "patients", "is", "not", "a", "real", "problem", ".", "The", "evidence", "for", "this", "statement", "is", "reviewed", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
textbooks is an umlsterm, pain management is an umlsterm, opioids is an umlsterm, pain is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm	DerSchmerz.00140186.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Introduction . In some recent German textbooks of pain management there is maintained that psychological dependence to opioids in pain patients is not a real problem . The evidence for this statement is reviewed . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: textbooks, pain management, opioids, pain, patients Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Introduction . In some recent German textbooks of pain management there is maintained that psychological dependence to opioids in pain patients is not a real problem . The evidence for this statement is reviewed .	[ "Introduction", ".", "In", "some", "recent", "German", "textbooks", "of", "pain", "management", "there", "is", "maintained", "that", "psychological", "dependence", "to", "opioids", "in", "pain", "patients", "is", "not", "a", "real", "problem", ".", "The", "evidence", "for", "this", "statement", "is", "reviewed", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
textbooks, pain management, opioids, pain, patients	DerSchmerz.00140186.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Introduction . In some recent German textbooks of pain management there is maintained that psychological dependence to opioids in pain patients is not a real problem . The evidence for this statement is reviewed . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Introduction . In some recent German textbooks of pain management there is maintained that psychological dependence to opioids in pain patients is not a real problem . The evidence for this statement is reviewed .	[ "Introduction", ".", "In", "some", "recent", "German", "textbooks", "of", "pain", "management", "there", "is", "maintained", "that", "psychological", "dependence", "to", "opioids", "in", "pain", "patients", "is", "not", "a", "real", "problem", ".", "The", "evidence", "for", "this", "statement", "is", "reviewed", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Thirty - four is a Participant_Sample-size, healthy is a Participant_Condition, young women is a Participant_Age, monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 150 micrograms desogestrel is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 75 micrograms gestodene is a Intervention_Pharmacological, plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII is a Outcome_Physical, increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . is a Outcome_Physical, fibrinolytic capacity is a Outcome_Physical, antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator is a Outcome_Physical, concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . is a Outcome_Physical, ratio between thrombin - antithrombin - III - complexes and fibrin degradation products is a Outcome_Physical, normal is a Participant_Condition	85129_task0	Sentence: [ Hemostatic balance during treatment with the newest contraceptives ] . Thirty-four healthy young women were allocated to 12 consecutive cycles of treatment with monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 150 micrograms desogestrel ( n = 15 ) or 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 75 micrograms gestodene ( n = 19 ) . In both groups plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII increased while the capacity of coagulation inhibition was affected by increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . Increased fibrinolytic capacity was indicated by elevated activity and reduced antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator and reduced activity and concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . The ratio between thrombin-antithrombin-III-complexes and fibrin degradation products were unchanged signifying no effect of hormonal intake on the balance between thrombin formation and fibrin resolution . In conclusion , the dynamic balance between generation and resolution of fibrin was undisturbed during treatment with both hormonal compounds and our findings do not provide evidence for increased risk of thrombosis in normal women . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Age, Participant_Sample-size	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "B-Participant_Condition", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O" ]	[ Hemostatic balance during treatment with the newest contraceptives ] . Thirty-four healthy young women were allocated to 12 consecutive cycles of treatment with monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 150 micrograms desogestrel ( n = 15 ) or 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 75 micrograms gestodene ( n = 19 ) . In both groups plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII increased while the capacity of coagulation inhibition was affected by increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . Increased fibrinolytic capacity was indicated by elevated activity and reduced antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator and reduced activity and concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . The ratio between thrombin-antithrombin-III-complexes and fibrin degradation products were unchanged signifying no effect of hormonal intake on the balance between thrombin formation and fibrin resolution . In conclusion , the dynamic balance between generation and resolution of fibrin was undisturbed during treatment with both hormonal compounds and our findings do not provide evidence for increased risk of thrombosis in normal women .	[ "[", "Hemostatic", "balance", "during", "treatment", "with", "the", "newest", "contraceptives", "]", ".", "Thirty", "-", "four", "healthy", "young", "women", "were", "allocated", "to", "12", "consecutive", "cycles", "of", "treatment", "with", "monophasic", "combinations", "of", ":", "20", "micrograms", "ethinyl", "estradiol", "and", "150", "micrograms", "desogestrel", "(", "n", "=", "15", ")", "or", "30", "micrograms", "ethinyl", "estradiol", "and", "75", "micrograms", "gestodene", "(", "n", "=", "19", ")", ".", "In", "both", "groups", "plasma", "levels", "of", "fibrinogen", "and", "factor", "VII", "increased", "while", "the", "capacity", "of", "coagulation", "inhibition", "was", "affected", "by", "increased", "protein", "C", "and", "decreased", "protein", "S", "levels", ".", "Increased", "fibrinolytic", "capacity", "was", "indicated", "by", "elevated", "activity", "and", "reduced", "antigen", "levels", "of", "tissue", "plasminogen", "activator", "and", "reduced", "activity", "and", "concentration", "of", "tissue", "plasminogen", "activator", "inhibitor", ".", "The", "ratio", "between", "thrombin", "-", "antithrombin", "-", "III", "-", "complexes", "and", "fibrin", "degradation", "products", "were", "unchanged", "signifying", "no", "effect", "of", "hormonal", "intake", "on", "the", "balance", "between", "thrombin", "formation", "and", "fibrin", "resolution", ".", "In", "conclusion", ",", "the", "dynamic", "balance", "between", "generation", "and", "resolution", "of", "fibrin", "was", "undisturbed", "during", "treatment", "with", "both", "hormonal", "compounds", "and", "our", "findings", "do", "not", "provide", "evidence", "for", "increased", "risk", "of", "thrombosis", "in", "normal", "women", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sex" ]
Thirty - four is a Participant_Sample-size, healthy is a Participant_Condition, young women is a Participant_Age, monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 150 micrograms desogestrel is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 75 micrograms gestodene is a Intervention_Pharmacological, plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII is a Outcome_Physical, increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . is a Outcome_Physical, fibrinolytic capacity is a Outcome_Physical, antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator is a Outcome_Physical, concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . is a Outcome_Physical, ratio between thrombin - antithrombin - III - complexes and fibrin degradation products is a Outcome_Physical, normal is a Participant_Condition	85129_task1	Sentence: [ Hemostatic balance during treatment with the newest contraceptives ] . Thirty-four healthy young women were allocated to 12 consecutive cycles of treatment with monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 150 micrograms desogestrel ( n = 15 ) or 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 75 micrograms gestodene ( n = 19 ) . In both groups plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII increased while the capacity of coagulation inhibition was affected by increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . Increased fibrinolytic capacity was indicated by elevated activity and reduced antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator and reduced activity and concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . The ratio between thrombin-antithrombin-III-complexes and fibrin degradation products were unchanged signifying no effect of hormonal intake on the balance between thrombin formation and fibrin resolution . In conclusion , the dynamic balance between generation and resolution of fibrin was undisturbed during treatment with both hormonal compounds and our findings do not provide evidence for increased risk of thrombosis in normal women . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Thirty - four, healthy, young women, monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol, 150 micrograms desogestrel, 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol, 75 micrograms gestodene, plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII, increased protein C and decreased protein S levels ., fibrinolytic capacity, antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator, concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor ., ratio between thrombin - antithrombin - III - complexes and fibrin degradation products, normal Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Age, Participant_Sample-size	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "B-Participant_Condition", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O" ]	[ Hemostatic balance during treatment with the newest contraceptives ] . Thirty-four healthy young women were allocated to 12 consecutive cycles of treatment with monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 150 micrograms desogestrel ( n = 15 ) or 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 75 micrograms gestodene ( n = 19 ) . In both groups plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII increased while the capacity of coagulation inhibition was affected by increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . Increased fibrinolytic capacity was indicated by elevated activity and reduced antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator and reduced activity and concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . The ratio between thrombin-antithrombin-III-complexes and fibrin degradation products were unchanged signifying no effect of hormonal intake on the balance between thrombin formation and fibrin resolution . In conclusion , the dynamic balance between generation and resolution of fibrin was undisturbed during treatment with both hormonal compounds and our findings do not provide evidence for increased risk of thrombosis in normal women .	[ "[", "Hemostatic", "balance", "during", "treatment", "with", "the", "newest", "contraceptives", "]", ".", "Thirty", "-", "four", "healthy", "young", "women", "were", "allocated", "to", "12", "consecutive", "cycles", "of", "treatment", "with", "monophasic", "combinations", "of", ":", "20", "micrograms", "ethinyl", "estradiol", "and", "150", "micrograms", "desogestrel", "(", "n", "=", "15", ")", "or", "30", "micrograms", "ethinyl", "estradiol", "and", "75", "micrograms", "gestodene", "(", "n", "=", "19", ")", ".", "In", "both", "groups", "plasma", "levels", "of", "fibrinogen", "and", "factor", "VII", "increased", "while", "the", "capacity", "of", "coagulation", "inhibition", "was", "affected", "by", "increased", "protein", "C", "and", "decreased", "protein", "S", "levels", ".", "Increased", "fibrinolytic", "capacity", "was", "indicated", "by", "elevated", "activity", "and", "reduced", "antigen", "levels", "of", "tissue", "plasminogen", "activator", "and", "reduced", "activity", "and", "concentration", "of", "tissue", "plasminogen", "activator", "inhibitor", ".", "The", "ratio", "between", "thrombin", "-", "antithrombin", "-", "III", "-", "complexes", "and", "fibrin", "degradation", "products", "were", "unchanged", "signifying", "no", "effect", "of", "hormonal", "intake", "on", "the", "balance", "between", "thrombin", "formation", "and", "fibrin", "resolution", ".", "In", "conclusion", ",", "the", "dynamic", "balance", "between", "generation", "and", "resolution", "of", "fibrin", "was", "undisturbed", "during", "treatment", "with", "both", "hormonal", "compounds", "and", "our", "findings", "do", "not", "provide", "evidence", "for", "increased", "risk", "of", "thrombosis", "in", "normal", "women", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sex" ]
Thirty - four, healthy, young women, monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol, 150 micrograms desogestrel, 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol, 75 micrograms gestodene, plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII, increased protein C and decreased protein S levels ., fibrinolytic capacity, antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator, concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor ., ratio between thrombin - antithrombin - III - complexes and fibrin degradation products, normal	85129_task2	Sentence: [ Hemostatic balance during treatment with the newest contraceptives ] . Thirty-four healthy young women were allocated to 12 consecutive cycles of treatment with monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 150 micrograms desogestrel ( n = 15 ) or 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 75 micrograms gestodene ( n = 19 ) . In both groups plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII increased while the capacity of coagulation inhibition was affected by increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . Increased fibrinolytic capacity was indicated by elevated activity and reduced antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator and reduced activity and concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . The ratio between thrombin-antithrombin-III-complexes and fibrin degradation products were unchanged signifying no effect of hormonal intake on the balance between thrombin formation and fibrin resolution . In conclusion , the dynamic balance between generation and resolution of fibrin was undisturbed during treatment with both hormonal compounds and our findings do not provide evidence for increased risk of thrombosis in normal women . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "B-Participant_Condition", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O" ]	[ Hemostatic balance during treatment with the newest contraceptives ] . Thirty-four healthy young women were allocated to 12 consecutive cycles of treatment with monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 150 micrograms desogestrel ( n = 15 ) or 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 75 micrograms gestodene ( n = 19 ) . In both groups plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII increased while the capacity of coagulation inhibition was affected by increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . Increased fibrinolytic capacity was indicated by elevated activity and reduced antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator and reduced activity and concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . The ratio between thrombin-antithrombin-III-complexes and fibrin degradation products were unchanged signifying no effect of hormonal intake on the balance between thrombin formation and fibrin resolution . In conclusion , the dynamic balance between generation and resolution of fibrin was undisturbed during treatment with both hormonal compounds and our findings do not provide evidence for increased risk of thrombosis in normal women .	[ "[", "Hemostatic", "balance", "during", "treatment", "with", "the", "newest", "contraceptives", "]", ".", "Thirty", "-", "four", "healthy", "young", "women", "were", "allocated", "to", "12", "consecutive", "cycles", "of", "treatment", "with", "monophasic", "combinations", "of", ":", "20", "micrograms", "ethinyl", "estradiol", "and", "150", "micrograms", "desogestrel", "(", "n", "=", "15", ")", "or", "30", "micrograms", "ethinyl", "estradiol", "and", "75", "micrograms", "gestodene", "(", "n", "=", "19", ")", ".", "In", "both", "groups", "plasma", "levels", "of", "fibrinogen", "and", "factor", "VII", "increased", "while", "the", "capacity", "of", "coagulation", "inhibition", "was", "affected", "by", "increased", "protein", "C", "and", "decreased", "protein", "S", "levels", ".", "Increased", "fibrinolytic", "capacity", "was", "indicated", "by", "elevated", "activity", "and", "reduced", "antigen", "levels", "of", "tissue", "plasminogen", "activator", "and", "reduced", "activity", "and", "concentration", "of", "tissue", "plasminogen", "activator", "inhibitor", ".", "The", "ratio", "between", "thrombin", "-", "antithrombin", "-", "III", "-", "complexes", "and", "fibrin", "degradation", "products", "were", "unchanged", "signifying", "no", "effect", "of", "hormonal", "intake", "on", "the", "balance", "between", "thrombin", "formation", "and", "fibrin", "resolution", ".", "In", "conclusion", ",", "the", "dynamic", "balance", "between", "generation", "and", "resolution", "of", "fibrin", "was", "undisturbed", "during", "treatment", "with", "both", "hormonal", "compounds", "and", "our", "findings", "do", "not", "provide", "evidence", "for", "increased", "risk", "of", "thrombosis", "in", "normal", "women", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sex" ]
effectiveness is a Outcome_Other, cost - effectiveness is a Outcome_Other, intensive multifactorial treatment is a Intervention_Educational, no screening ( control ) is a Intervention_Control, screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) is a Intervention_Educational, screening plus routine care is a Intervention_Educational, modelled cardiovascular risk at one year is a Outcome_Physical, cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years is a Outcome_Mortality, all - cause mortality is a Outcome_Mortality, development of renal and visual impairment is a Outcome_Physical, peripheral neuropathy is a Outcome_Physical, health service costs is a Outcome_Other, self - reported quality of life is a Outcome_Physical, functional status is a Outcome_Physical, health utility is a Outcome_Physical, cardiovascular morbidity is a Outcome_Physical	40242_task0	Sentence: The ADDITION-Cambridge trial protocol : a cluster -- randomised controlled trial of screening for type 2 diabetes and intensive treatment for screen-detected patients . BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes poses a major public health challenge . Population-based screening and early treatment for type 2 diabetes could reduce this growing burden . However , the benefits of such a strategy remain uncertain . METHODS AND DESIGN The ADDITION-Cambridge study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ( i ) a stepwise screening strategy for type 2 diabetes ; and ( ii ) intensive multifactorial treatment for people with screen-detected diabetes in primary care . 63 practices in the East Anglia region participated . Three undertook the pilot study , 33 were allocated to three groups : no screening ( control ) , screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) and screening plus routine care ( RC ) in an unbalanced ( 1:3:3 ) randomisation . The remaining 27 practices were randomly allocated to IT and RC . A risk score incorporating routine practice data was used to identify people aged 40-69 years at high-risk of undiagnosed diabetes . In the screening practices , high-risk individuals were invited to take part in a stepwise screening programme . In the IT group , diabetes treatment is optimised through guidelines , target-led multifactorial treatment , audit , feedback , and academic detailing for practice teams , alongside provision of educational materials for newly diagnosed participants . Primary endpoints are modelled cardiovascular risk at one year , and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years after diagnosis of diabetes . Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality , development of renal and visual impairment , peripheral neuropathy , health service costs , self-reported quality of life , functional status and health utility . Impact of the screening programme at the population level is also assessed through measures of mortality , cardiovascular morbidity , health status and health service use among high-risk individuals . DISCUSSION ADDITION-Cambridge is conducted in a defined high-risk group accessible through primary care . It addresses the feasibility of population-based screening for diabetes , as well as the benefits and costs of screening and intensive multifactorial treatment early in the disease trajectory . The intensive treatment algorithm is based on evidence from studies including individuals with clinically diagnosed diabetes and the education materials are informed by psychological theory . ADDITION-Cambridge will provide timely evidence concerning the benefits of early intensive treatment and will inform policy decisions concerning screening for type 2 diabetes . TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled trials ISRCTN86769081 . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Control, Outcome_Mortality, Intervention_Educational, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The ADDITION-Cambridge trial protocol : a cluster -- randomised controlled trial of screening for type 2 diabetes and intensive treatment for screen-detected patients . BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes poses a major public health challenge . Population-based screening and early treatment for type 2 diabetes could reduce this growing burden . However , the benefits of such a strategy remain uncertain . METHODS AND DESIGN The ADDITION-Cambridge study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ( i ) a stepwise screening strategy for type 2 diabetes ; and ( ii ) intensive multifactorial treatment for people with screen-detected diabetes in primary care . 63 practices in the East Anglia region participated . Three undertook the pilot study , 33 were allocated to three groups : no screening ( control ) , screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) and screening plus routine care ( RC ) in an unbalanced ( 1:3:3 ) randomisation . The remaining 27 practices were randomly allocated to IT and RC . A risk score incorporating routine practice data was used to identify people aged 40-69 years at high-risk of undiagnosed diabetes . In the screening practices , high-risk individuals were invited to take part in a stepwise screening programme . In the IT group , diabetes treatment is optimised through guidelines , target-led multifactorial treatment , audit , feedback , and academic detailing for practice teams , alongside provision of educational materials for newly diagnosed participants . Primary endpoints are modelled cardiovascular risk at one year , and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years after diagnosis of diabetes . Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality , development of renal and visual impairment , peripheral neuropathy , health service costs , self-reported quality of life , functional status and health utility . Impact of the screening programme at the population level is also assessed through measures of mortality , cardiovascular morbidity , health status and health service use among high-risk individuals . DISCUSSION ADDITION-Cambridge is conducted in a defined high-risk group accessible through primary care . It addresses the feasibility of population-based screening for diabetes , as well as the benefits and costs of screening and intensive multifactorial treatment early in the disease trajectory . The intensive treatment algorithm is based on evidence from studies including individuals with clinically diagnosed diabetes and the education materials are informed by psychological theory . ADDITION-Cambridge will provide timely evidence concerning the benefits of early intensive treatment and will inform policy decisions concerning screening for type 2 diabetes . TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled trials ISRCTN86769081 .	[ "The", "ADDITION", "-", "Cambridge", "trial", "protocol", ":", "a", "cluster", "--", "randomised", "controlled", "trial", "of", "screening", "for", "type", "2", "diabetes", "and", "intensive", "treatment", "for", "screen", "-", "detected", "patients", ".", "BACKGROUND", "The", "increasing", "prevalence", "of", "type", "2", "diabetes", "poses", "a", "major", "public", "health", "challenge", ".", "Population", "-", "based", "screening", "and", "early", "treatment", "for", "type", "2", "diabetes", "could", "reduce", "this", "growing", "burden", ".", "However", ",", "the", "benefits", "of", "such", "a", "strategy", "remain", "uncertain", ".", "METHODS", "AND", "DESIGN", "The", "ADDITION", "-", "Cambridge", "study", "aims", "to", "evaluate", "the", "effectiveness", "and", "cost", "-", "effectiveness", "of", "(", "i", ")", "a", "stepwise", "screening", "strategy", "for", "type", "2", "diabetes", ";", "and", "(", "ii", ")", "intensive", "multifactorial", "treatment", "for", "people", "with", "screen", "-", "detected", "diabetes", "in", "primary", "care", ".", "63", "practices", "in", "the", "East", "Anglia", "region", "participated", ".", "Three", "undertook", "the", "pilot", "study", ",", "33", "were", "allocated", "to", "three", "groups", ":", "no", "screening", "(", "control", ")", ",", "screening", "followed", "by", "intensive", "treatment", "(", "IT", ")", "and", "screening", "plus", "routine", "care", "(", "RC", ")", "in", "an", "unbalanced", "(", "1:3:3", ")", "randomisation", ".", "The", "remaining", "27", "practices", "were", "randomly", "allocated", "to", "IT", "and", "RC", ".", "A", "risk", "score", "incorporating", "routine", "practice", "data", "was", "used", "to", "identify", "people", "aged", "40", "-", "69", "years", "at", "high", "-", "risk", "of", "undiagnosed", "diabetes", ".", "In", "the", "screening", "practices", ",", "high", "-", "risk", "individuals", "were", "invited", "to", "take", "part", "in", "a", "stepwise", "screening", "programme", ".", "In", "the", "IT", "group", ",", "diabetes", "treatment", "is", "optimised", "through", "guidelines", ",", "target", "-", "led", "multifactorial", "treatment", ",", "audit", ",", "feedback", ",", "and", "academic", "detailing", "for", "practice", "teams", ",", "alongside", "provision", "of", "educational", "materials", "for", "newly", "diagnosed", "participants", ".", "Primary", "endpoints", "are", "modelled", "cardiovascular", "risk", "at", "one", "year", ",", "and", "cardiovascular", "mortality", "and", "morbidity", "at", "five", "years", "after", "diagnosis", "of", "diabetes", ".", "Secondary", "endpoints", "include", "all", "-", "cause", "mortality", ",", "development", "of", "renal", "and", "visual", "impairment", ",", "peripheral", "neuropathy", ",", "health", "service", "costs", ",", "self", "-", "reported", "quality", "of", "life", ",", "functional", "status", "and", "health", "utility", ".", "Impact", "of", "the", "screening", "programme", "at", "the", "population", "level", "is", "also", "assessed", "through", "measures", "of", "mortality", ",", "cardiovascular", "morbidity", ",", "health", "status", "and", "health", "service", "use", "among", "high", "-", "risk", "individuals", ".", "DISCUSSION", "ADDITION", "-", "Cambridge", "is", "conducted", "in", "a", "defined", "high", "-", "risk", "group", "accessible", "through", "primary", "care", ".", "It", "addresses", "the", "feasibility", "of", "population", "-", "based", "screening", "for", "diabetes", ",", "as", "well", "as", "the", "benefits", "and", "costs", "of", "screening", "and", "intensive", "multifactorial", "treatment", "early", "in", "the", "disease", "trajectory", ".", "The", "intensive", "treatment", "algorithm", "is", "based", "on", "evidence", "from", "studies", "including", "individuals", "with", "clinically", "diagnosed", "diabetes", "and", "the", "education", "materials", "are", "informed", "by", "psychological", "theory", ".", "ADDITION", "-", "Cambridge", "will", "provide", "timely", "evidence", "concerning", "the", "benefits", "of", "early", "intensive", "treatment", "and", "will", "inform", "policy", "decisions", "concerning", "screening", "for", "type", "2", "diabetes", ".", "TRIAL", "REGISTRATION", "Current", "Controlled", "trials", "ISRCTN86769081", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Mortality", "Intervention_Educational", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Other" ]
effectiveness is a Outcome_Other, cost - effectiveness is a Outcome_Other, intensive multifactorial treatment is a Intervention_Educational, no screening ( control ) is a Intervention_Control, screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) is a Intervention_Educational, screening plus routine care is a Intervention_Educational, modelled cardiovascular risk at one year is a Outcome_Physical, cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years is a Outcome_Mortality, all - cause mortality is a Outcome_Mortality, development of renal and visual impairment is a Outcome_Physical, peripheral neuropathy is a Outcome_Physical, health service costs is a Outcome_Other, self - reported quality of life is a Outcome_Physical, functional status is a Outcome_Physical, health utility is a Outcome_Physical, cardiovascular morbidity is a Outcome_Physical	40242_task1	Sentence: The ADDITION-Cambridge trial protocol : a cluster -- randomised controlled trial of screening for type 2 diabetes and intensive treatment for screen-detected patients . BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes poses a major public health challenge . Population-based screening and early treatment for type 2 diabetes could reduce this growing burden . However , the benefits of such a strategy remain uncertain . METHODS AND DESIGN The ADDITION-Cambridge study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ( i ) a stepwise screening strategy for type 2 diabetes ; and ( ii ) intensive multifactorial treatment for people with screen-detected diabetes in primary care . 63 practices in the East Anglia region participated . Three undertook the pilot study , 33 were allocated to three groups : no screening ( control ) , screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) and screening plus routine care ( RC ) in an unbalanced ( 1:3:3 ) randomisation . The remaining 27 practices were randomly allocated to IT and RC . A risk score incorporating routine practice data was used to identify people aged 40-69 years at high-risk of undiagnosed diabetes . In the screening practices , high-risk individuals were invited to take part in a stepwise screening programme . In the IT group , diabetes treatment is optimised through guidelines , target-led multifactorial treatment , audit , feedback , and academic detailing for practice teams , alongside provision of educational materials for newly diagnosed participants . Primary endpoints are modelled cardiovascular risk at one year , and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years after diagnosis of diabetes . Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality , development of renal and visual impairment , peripheral neuropathy , health service costs , self-reported quality of life , functional status and health utility . Impact of the screening programme at the population level is also assessed through measures of mortality , cardiovascular morbidity , health status and health service use among high-risk individuals . DISCUSSION ADDITION-Cambridge is conducted in a defined high-risk group accessible through primary care . It addresses the feasibility of population-based screening for diabetes , as well as the benefits and costs of screening and intensive multifactorial treatment early in the disease trajectory . The intensive treatment algorithm is based on evidence from studies including individuals with clinically diagnosed diabetes and the education materials are informed by psychological theory . ADDITION-Cambridge will provide timely evidence concerning the benefits of early intensive treatment and will inform policy decisions concerning screening for type 2 diabetes . TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled trials ISRCTN86769081 . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: effectiveness, cost - effectiveness, intensive multifactorial treatment, no screening ( control ), screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ), screening plus routine care, modelled cardiovascular risk at one year, cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years, all - cause mortality, development of renal and visual impairment, peripheral neuropathy, health service costs, self - reported quality of life, functional status, health utility, cardiovascular morbidity Options: Intervention_Control, Outcome_Mortality, Intervention_Educational, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "B-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "I-Intervention_Educational", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "I-Outcome_Mortality", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The ADDITION-Cambridge trial protocol : a cluster -- randomised controlled trial of screening for type 2 diabetes and intensive treatment for screen-detected patients . BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes poses a major public health challenge . Population-based screening and early treatment for type 2 diabetes could reduce this growing burden . However , the benefits of such a strategy remain uncertain . METHODS AND DESIGN The ADDITION-Cambridge study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ( i ) a stepwise screening strategy for type 2 diabetes ; and ( ii ) intensive multifactorial treatment for people with screen-detected diabetes in primary care . 63 practices in the East Anglia region participated . Three undertook the pilot study , 33 were allocated to three groups : no screening ( control ) , screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) and screening plus routine care ( RC ) in an unbalanced ( 1:3:3 ) randomisation . The remaining 27 practices were randomly allocated to IT and RC . A risk score incorporating routine practice data was used to identify people aged 40-69 years at high-risk of undiagnosed diabetes . In the screening practices , high-risk individuals were invited to take part in a stepwise screening programme . In the IT group , diabetes treatment is optimised through guidelines , target-led multifactorial treatment , audit , feedback , and academic detailing for practice teams , alongside provision of educational materials for newly diagnosed participants . Primary endpoints are modelled cardiovascular risk at one year , and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years after diagnosis of diabetes . Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality , development of renal and visual impairment , peripheral neuropathy , health service costs , self-reported quality of life , functional status and health utility . Impact of the screening programme at the population level is also assessed through measures of mortality , cardiovascular morbidity , health status and health service use among high-risk individuals . DISCUSSION ADDITION-Cambridge is conducted in a defined high-risk group accessible through primary care . It addresses the feasibility of population-based screening for diabetes , as well as the benefits and costs of screening and intensive multifactorial treatment early in the disease trajectory . The intensive treatment algorithm is based on evidence from studies including individuals with clinically diagnosed diabetes and the education materials are informed by psychological theory . ADDITION-Cambridge will provide timely evidence concerning the benefits of early intensive treatment and will inform policy decisions concerning screening for type 2 diabetes . TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled trials ISRCTN86769081 .	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effectiveness, cost - effectiveness, intensive multifactorial treatment, no screening ( control ), screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ), screening plus routine care, modelled cardiovascular risk at one year, cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years, all - cause mortality, development of renal and visual impairment, peripheral neuropathy, health service costs, self - reported quality of life, functional status, health utility, cardiovascular morbidity	40242_task2	Sentence: The ADDITION-Cambridge trial protocol : a cluster -- randomised controlled trial of screening for type 2 diabetes and intensive treatment for screen-detected patients . BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes poses a major public health challenge . Population-based screening and early treatment for type 2 diabetes could reduce this growing burden . However , the benefits of such a strategy remain uncertain . METHODS AND DESIGN The ADDITION-Cambridge study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ( i ) a stepwise screening strategy for type 2 diabetes ; and ( ii ) intensive multifactorial treatment for people with screen-detected diabetes in primary care . 63 practices in the East Anglia region participated . Three undertook the pilot study , 33 were allocated to three groups : no screening ( control ) , screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) and screening plus routine care ( RC ) in an unbalanced ( 1:3:3 ) randomisation . The remaining 27 practices were randomly allocated to IT and RC . A risk score incorporating routine practice data was used to identify people aged 40-69 years at high-risk of undiagnosed diabetes . In the screening practices , high-risk individuals were invited to take part in a stepwise screening programme . In the IT group , diabetes treatment is optimised through guidelines , target-led multifactorial treatment , audit , feedback , and academic detailing for practice teams , alongside provision of educational materials for newly diagnosed participants . Primary endpoints are modelled cardiovascular risk at one year , and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years after diagnosis of diabetes . Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality , development of renal and visual impairment , peripheral neuropathy , health service costs , self-reported quality of life , functional status and health utility . Impact of the screening programme at the population level is also assessed through measures of mortality , cardiovascular morbidity , health status and health service use among high-risk individuals . DISCUSSION ADDITION-Cambridge is conducted in a defined high-risk group accessible through primary care . It addresses the feasibility of population-based screening for diabetes , as well as the benefits and costs of screening and intensive multifactorial treatment early in the disease trajectory . The intensive treatment algorithm is based on evidence from studies including individuals with clinically diagnosed diabetes and the education materials are informed by psychological theory . ADDITION-Cambridge will provide timely evidence concerning the benefits of early intensive treatment and will inform policy decisions concerning screening for type 2 diabetes . TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled trials ISRCTN86769081 . 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BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes poses a major public health challenge . Population-based screening and early treatment for type 2 diabetes could reduce this growing burden . However , the benefits of such a strategy remain uncertain . METHODS AND DESIGN The ADDITION-Cambridge study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ( i ) a stepwise screening strategy for type 2 diabetes ; and ( ii ) intensive multifactorial treatment for people with screen-detected diabetes in primary care . 63 practices in the East Anglia region participated . Three undertook the pilot study , 33 were allocated to three groups : no screening ( control ) , screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) and screening plus routine care ( RC ) in an unbalanced ( 1:3:3 ) randomisation . The remaining 27 practices were randomly allocated to IT and RC . A risk score incorporating routine practice data was used to identify people aged 40-69 years at high-risk of undiagnosed diabetes . In the screening practices , high-risk individuals were invited to take part in a stepwise screening programme . In the IT group , diabetes treatment is optimised through guidelines , target-led multifactorial treatment , audit , feedback , and academic detailing for practice teams , alongside provision of educational materials for newly diagnosed participants . Primary endpoints are modelled cardiovascular risk at one year , and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years after diagnosis of diabetes . Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality , development of renal and visual impairment , peripheral neuropathy , health service costs , self-reported quality of life , functional status and health utility . Impact of the screening programme at the population level is also assessed through measures of mortality , cardiovascular morbidity , health status and health service use among high-risk individuals . DISCUSSION ADDITION-Cambridge is conducted in a defined high-risk group accessible through primary care . It addresses the feasibility of population-based screening for diabetes , as well as the benefits and costs of screening and intensive multifactorial treatment early in the disease trajectory . The intensive treatment algorithm is based on evidence from studies including individuals with clinically diagnosed diabetes and the education materials are informed by psychological theory . ADDITION-Cambridge will provide timely evidence concerning the benefits of early intensive treatment and will inform policy decisions concerning screening for type 2 diabetes . TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled trials ISRCTN86769081 .	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bacteremia is a Condition, S. aureus is a Observation, at least 1 is a Multiplier, blood culture is a Procedure, within 72 hours of beginning study drug is a Temporal, MRSA is a Observation, baseline is a Temporal, blood culture is a Procedure, at least 1 additional is a Multiplier, blood culture is a Procedure, after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and / or daptomycin treatment is a Temporal, Male is a Person, female is a Person, ≥ 18 years is a Value, age is a Person, female of childbearing potential is a Scope, willing is a Observation, practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception is a Scope, during treatment is a Temporal, for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug is a Temporal, Expectation is a Observation, survival is a Condition, for at least 2 months is a Temporal	NCT01701219_inc_task0	Sentence: 1. Presence of bacteremia due solely to: S. aureus on at least 1 blood culture within 72 hours of beginning study drug (Cohort A) OR MRSA on a baseline blood culture and on at least 1 additional blood culture after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and/or daptomycin treatment (Cohort B). 2. Male or female ≥ 18 years of age. 3. If female of childbearing potential must be willing to practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception during treatment and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug. 4. Expectation of survival for at least 2 months. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Temporal, Condition, Value, Person, Observation, Multiplier, Procedure, Scope	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "B-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "O", "O", "B-Temporal", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Person", "O", "B-Person", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Person", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "O", "B-Condition", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O" ]	1. Presence of bacteremia due solely to: S. aureus on at least 1 blood culture within 72 hours of beginning study drug (Cohort A) OR MRSA on a baseline blood culture and on at least 1 additional blood culture after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and/or daptomycin treatment (Cohort B). 2. Male or female ≥ 18 years of age. 3. If female of childbearing potential must be willing to practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception during treatment and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug. 4. Expectation of survival for at least 2 months.	[ "1", ".", "Presence", "of", "bacteremia", "due", "solely", "to", ":", "\n", "S.", "aureus", "on", "at", "least", "1", "blood", "culture", "within", "72", "hours", "of", "beginning", "study", "drug", "(", "Cohort", "A", ")", "OR", "\n", "MRSA", "on", "a", "baseline", "blood", "culture", "and", "on", "at", "least", "1", "additional", "blood", "culture", "after", "at", "least", "72", "hours", "of", "vancomycin", "and", "/", "or", "daptomycin", "treatment", "(", "Cohort", "B", ")", ".", "\n", "2", ".", "Male", "or", "female", "≥", "18", "years", "of", "age", ".", "\n", "3", ".", "If", "female", "of", "childbearing", "potential", "must", "be", "willing", "to", "practice", "sexual", "abstinence", "or", "dual", "methods", "of", "contraception", "during", "treatment", "and", "for", "at", "least", "30", "days", "after", "the", "last", "dose", "of", "study", "drug", ".", "\n", "4", ".", "Expectation", "of", "survival", "for", "at", "least", "2", "months", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Temporal", "Scope", "Reference_point", "Procedure", "Condition", "Multiplier", "Observation", "Drug", "Value", "Person" ]
bacteremia is a Condition, S. aureus is a Observation, at least 1 is a Multiplier, blood culture is a Procedure, within 72 hours of beginning study drug is a Temporal, MRSA is a Observation, baseline is a Temporal, blood culture is a Procedure, at least 1 additional is a Multiplier, blood culture is a Procedure, after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and / or daptomycin treatment is a Temporal, Male is a Person, female is a Person, ≥ 18 years is a Value, age is a Person, female of childbearing potential is a Scope, willing is a Observation, practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception is a Scope, during treatment is a Temporal, for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug is a Temporal, Expectation is a Observation, survival is a Condition, for at least 2 months is a Temporal	NCT01701219_inc_task1	Sentence: 1. Presence of bacteremia due solely to: S. aureus on at least 1 blood culture within 72 hours of beginning study drug (Cohort A) OR MRSA on a baseline blood culture and on at least 1 additional blood culture after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and/or daptomycin treatment (Cohort B). 2. Male or female ≥ 18 years of age. 3. If female of childbearing potential must be willing to practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception during treatment and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug. 4. Expectation of survival for at least 2 months. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: bacteremia, S. aureus, at least 1, blood culture, within 72 hours of beginning study drug, MRSA, baseline, blood culture, at least 1 additional, blood culture, after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and / or daptomycin treatment, Male, female, ≥ 18 years, age, female of childbearing potential, willing, practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception, during treatment, for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug, Expectation, survival, for at least 2 months Options: Temporal, Condition, Value, Person, Observation, Multiplier, Procedure, Scope	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "B-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "O", "O", "B-Temporal", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Person", "O", "B-Person", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Person", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "O", "B-Condition", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O" ]	1. Presence of bacteremia due solely to: S. aureus on at least 1 blood culture within 72 hours of beginning study drug (Cohort A) OR MRSA on a baseline blood culture and on at least 1 additional blood culture after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and/or daptomycin treatment (Cohort B). 2. Male or female ≥ 18 years of age. 3. If female of childbearing potential must be willing to practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception during treatment and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug. 4. Expectation of survival for at least 2 months.	[ "1", ".", "Presence", "of", "bacteremia", "due", "solely", "to", ":", "\n", "S.", "aureus", "on", "at", "least", "1", "blood", "culture", "within", "72", "hours", "of", "beginning", "study", "drug", "(", "Cohort", "A", ")", "OR", "\n", "MRSA", "on", "a", "baseline", "blood", "culture", "and", "on", "at", "least", "1", "additional", "blood", "culture", "after", "at", "least", "72", "hours", "of", "vancomycin", "and", "/", "or", "daptomycin", "treatment", "(", "Cohort", "B", ")", ".", "\n", "2", ".", "Male", "or", "female", "≥", "18", "years", "of", "age", ".", "\n", "3", ".", "If", "female", "of", "childbearing", "potential", "must", "be", "willing", "to", "practice", "sexual", "abstinence", "or", "dual", "methods", "of", "contraception", "during", "treatment", "and", "for", "at", "least", "30", "days", "after", "the", "last", "dose", "of", "study", "drug", ".", "\n", "4", ".", "Expectation", "of", "survival", "for", "at", "least", "2", "months", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Temporal", "Scope", "Reference_point", "Procedure", "Condition", "Multiplier", "Observation", "Drug", "Value", "Person" ]
bacteremia, S. aureus, at least 1, blood culture, within 72 hours of beginning study drug, MRSA, baseline, blood culture, at least 1 additional, blood culture, after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and / or daptomycin treatment, Male, female, ≥ 18 years, age, female of childbearing potential, willing, practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception, during treatment, for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug, Expectation, survival, for at least 2 months	NCT01701219_inc_task2	Sentence: 1. Presence of bacteremia due solely to: S. aureus on at least 1 blood culture within 72 hours of beginning study drug (Cohort A) OR MRSA on a baseline blood culture and on at least 1 additional blood culture after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and/or daptomycin treatment (Cohort B). 2. Male or female ≥ 18 years of age. 3. If female of childbearing potential must be willing to practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception during treatment and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug. 4. Expectation of survival for at least 2 months. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "B-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "O", "O", "B-Temporal", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Person", "O", "B-Person", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Person", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "O", "B-Condition", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O" ]	1. Presence of bacteremia due solely to: S. aureus on at least 1 blood culture within 72 hours of beginning study drug (Cohort A) OR MRSA on a baseline blood culture and on at least 1 additional blood culture after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and/or daptomycin treatment (Cohort B). 2. Male or female ≥ 18 years of age. 3. If female of childbearing potential must be willing to practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception during treatment and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug. 4. Expectation of survival for at least 2 months.	[ "1", ".", "Presence", "of", "bacteremia", "due", "solely", "to", ":", "\n", "S.", "aureus", "on", "at", "least", "1", "blood", "culture", "within", "72", "hours", "of", "beginning", "study", "drug", "(", "Cohort", "A", ")", "OR", "\n", "MRSA", "on", "a", "baseline", "blood", "culture", "and", "on", "at", "least", "1", "additional", "blood", "culture", "after", "at", "least", "72", "hours", "of", "vancomycin", "and", "/", "or", "daptomycin", "treatment", "(", "Cohort", "B", ")", ".", "\n", "2", ".", "Male", "or", "female", "≥", "18", "years", "of", "age", ".", "\n", "3", ".", "If", "female", "of", "childbearing", "potential", "must", "be", "willing", "to", "practice", "sexual", "abstinence", "or", "dual", "methods", "of", "contraception", "during", "treatment", "and", "for", "at", "least", "30", "days", "after", "the", "last", "dose", "of", "study", "drug", ".", "\n", "4", ".", "Expectation", "of", "survival", "for", "at", "least", "2", "months", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Temporal", "Scope", "Reference_point", "Procedure", "Condition", "Multiplier", "Observation", "Drug", "Value", "Person" ]
ACTH is a GENE-Y, metyrapone is a CHEMICAL	17462829_task0	Sentence: Sex differences in ACTH pulsatility following metyrapone blockade in patients with major depression. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Sex differences in ACTH pulsatility following metyrapone blockade in patients with major depression.	[ "Sex", "differences", "in", "ACTH", "pulsatility", "following", "metyrapone", "blockade", "in", "patients", "with", "major", "depression", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
ACTH is a GENE-Y, metyrapone is a CHEMICAL	17462829_task1	Sentence: Sex differences in ACTH pulsatility following metyrapone blockade in patients with major depression. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ACTH, metyrapone Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Sex differences in ACTH pulsatility following metyrapone blockade in patients with major depression.	[ "Sex", "differences", "in", "ACTH", "pulsatility", "following", "metyrapone", "blockade", "in", "patients", "with", "major", "depression", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
ACTH, metyrapone	17462829_task2	Sentence: Sex differences in ACTH pulsatility following metyrapone blockade in patients with major depression. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Sex differences in ACTH pulsatility following metyrapone blockade in patients with major depression.	[ "Sex", "differences", "in", "ACTH", "pulsatility", "following", "metyrapone", "blockade", "in", "patients", "with", "major", "depression", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
Injektion is an umlsterm	DerRadiologe.60360750.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Zielsetzung : Fuer die CT-Angiographie insbesondere intrakranieller Gefaessanomalien ist waehrend der Untersuchung ein moeglichst gleichbleibender und hoher Gefaesskontrast erforderlich , der durch die zeitlich angepasste Injektion des Bolus erreichbar ist . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Zielsetzung : Fuer die CT-Angiographie insbesondere intrakranieller Gefaessanomalien ist waehrend der Untersuchung ein moeglichst gleichbleibender und hoher Gefaesskontrast erforderlich , der durch die zeitlich angepasste Injektion des Bolus erreichbar ist .	[ "Zielsetzung", ":", "Fuer", "die", "CT", "-", "Angiographie", "insbesondere", "intrakranieller", "Gefaessanomalien", "ist", "waehrend", "der", "Untersuchung", "ein", "moeglichst", "gleichbleibender", "und", "hoher", "Gefaesskontrast", "erforderlich", ",", "der", "durch", "die", "zeitlich", "angepasste", "Injektion", "des", "Bolus", "erreichbar", "ist", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Injektion is an umlsterm	DerRadiologe.60360750.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Zielsetzung : Fuer die CT-Angiographie insbesondere intrakranieller Gefaessanomalien ist waehrend der Untersuchung ein moeglichst gleichbleibender und hoher Gefaesskontrast erforderlich , der durch die zeitlich angepasste Injektion des Bolus erreichbar ist . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Injektion Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Zielsetzung : Fuer die CT-Angiographie insbesondere intrakranieller Gefaessanomalien ist waehrend der Untersuchung ein moeglichst gleichbleibender und hoher Gefaesskontrast erforderlich , der durch die zeitlich angepasste Injektion des Bolus erreichbar ist .	[ "Zielsetzung", ":", "Fuer", "die", "CT", "-", "Angiographie", "insbesondere", "intrakranieller", "Gefaessanomalien", "ist", "waehrend", "der", "Untersuchung", "ein", "moeglichst", "gleichbleibender", "und", "hoher", "Gefaesskontrast", "erforderlich", ",", "der", "durch", "die", "zeitlich", "angepasste", "Injektion", "des", "Bolus", "erreichbar", "ist", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Injektion	DerRadiologe.60360750.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Zielsetzung : Fuer die CT-Angiographie insbesondere intrakranieller Gefaessanomalien ist waehrend der Untersuchung ein moeglichst gleichbleibender und hoher Gefaesskontrast erforderlich , der durch die zeitlich angepasste Injektion des Bolus erreichbar ist . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Zielsetzung : Fuer die CT-Angiographie insbesondere intrakranieller Gefaessanomalien ist waehrend der Untersuchung ein moeglichst gleichbleibender und hoher Gefaesskontrast erforderlich , der durch die zeitlich angepasste Injektion des Bolus erreichbar ist .	[ "Zielsetzung", ":", "Fuer", "die", "CT", "-", "Angiographie", "insbesondere", "intrakranieller", "Gefaessanomalien", "ist", "waehrend", "der", "Untersuchung", "ein", "moeglichst", "gleichbleibender", "und", "hoher", "Gefaesskontrast", "erforderlich", ",", "der", "durch", "die", "zeitlich", "angepasste", "Injektion", "des", "Bolus", "erreichbar", "ist", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Lithium is a Intervention_Pharmacological, acute antidepressant effects is a Participant_Condition, sleep deprivation : is a Participant_Condition, major depression . is a Participant_Condition, lithium is a Intervention_Pharmacological, lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation is a Intervention_Control, lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure is a Intervention_Control, desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations is a Intervention_Control, antidepressant response is a Outcome_Mental, 16 is a Participant_Sample-size, depressed is a Participant_Condition, desipramine / sleep deprivation is a Intervention_Pharmacological, inducing remission . is a Outcome_Physical, sleep / pharmacologic intervention is a Intervention_Physical	84578_task0	Sentence: Lithium sustains the acute antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation : preliminary findings from a controlled study . Early morning sleep deprivation ( patient awake from 0200 to 2200 hours ) produces a same-day antidepressant effect in approximately one-half of patients with major depression . Unfortunately , these antidepressant effects are short-lived and patients usually relapse to baseline depression levels within 48 hours . Recent work suggests , however , that the use of lithium with early morning sleep deprivation sustains this rapid antidepressant effect and makes it clinically useful . In a 30-day study , we compared the abilities of four different treatments ( lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation , lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure , and desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations ) to induce a rapid ( next-day ) and sustained antidepressant response in 16 depressed patients . Lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation produced a quicker response than lithium with the control sleep deprivation , and the response was sustained for at least 30 days . In this design , however , lithium/early morning sleep deprivation was no faster than either of the two desipramine/sleep deprivation conditions in inducing remission . These results support the results of previous studies and suggest further investigation of this novel sleep/pharmacologic intervention is warranted . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Mental	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O" ]	Lithium sustains the acute antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation : preliminary findings from a controlled study . Early morning sleep deprivation ( patient awake from 0200 to 2200 hours ) produces a same-day antidepressant effect in approximately one-half of patients with major depression . Unfortunately , these antidepressant effects are short-lived and patients usually relapse to baseline depression levels within 48 hours . Recent work suggests , however , that the use of lithium with early morning sleep deprivation sustains this rapid antidepressant effect and makes it clinically useful . In a 30-day study , we compared the abilities of four different treatments ( lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation , lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure , and desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations ) to induce a rapid ( next-day ) and sustained antidepressant response in 16 depressed patients . Lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation produced a quicker response than lithium with the control sleep deprivation , and the response was sustained for at least 30 days . In this design , however , lithium/early morning sleep deprivation was no faster than either of the two desipramine/sleep deprivation conditions in inducing remission . These results support the results of previous studies and suggest further investigation of this novel sleep/pharmacologic intervention is warranted .	[ "Lithium", "sustains", "the", "acute", "antidepressant", "effects", "of", "sleep", "deprivation", ":", "preliminary", "findings", "from", "a", "controlled", "study", ".", "Early", "morning", "sleep", "deprivation", "(", "patient", "awake", "from", "0200", "to", "2200", "hours", ")", "produces", "a", "same", "-", "day", "antidepressant", "effect", "in", "approximately", "one", "-", "half", "of", "patients", "with", "major", "depression", ".", "Unfortunately", ",", "these", "antidepressant", "effects", "are", "short", "-", "lived", "and", "patients", "usually", "relapse", "to", "baseline", "depression", "levels", "within", "48", "hours", ".", "Recent", "work", "suggests", ",", "however", ",", "that", "the", "use", "of", "lithium", "with", "early", "morning", "sleep", "deprivation", "sustains", "this", "rapid", "antidepressant", "effect", "and", "makes", "it", "clinically", "useful", ".", "In", "a", "30-day", "study", ",", "we", "compared", "the", "abilities", "of", "four", "different", "treatments", "(", "lithium", "plus", "early", "morning", "sleep", "deprivation", ",", "lithium", "plus", "a", "control", "sleep", "deprivation", "procedure", ",", "and", "desipramine", "with", "either", "of", "the", "two", "sleep", "manipulations", ")", "to", "induce", "a", "rapid", "(", "next", "-", "day", ")", "and", "sustained", "antidepressant", "response", "in", "16", "depressed", "patients", ".", "Lithium", "plus", "early", "morning", "sleep", "deprivation", "produced", "a", "quicker", "response", "than", "lithium", "with", "the", "control", "sleep", "deprivation", ",", "and", "the", "response", "was", "sustained", "for", "at", "least", "30", "days", ".", "In", "this", "design", ",", "however", ",", "lithium", "/", "early", "morning", "sleep", "deprivation", "was", "no", "faster", "than", "either", "of", "the", "two", "desipramine", "/", "sleep", "deprivation", "conditions", "in", "inducing", "remission", ".", "These", "results", "support", "the", "results", "of", "previous", "studies", "and", "suggest", "further", "investigation", "of", "this", "novel", "sleep", "/", "pharmacologic", "intervention", "is", "warranted", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Control", "Intervention_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Mental", "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
Lithium is a Intervention_Pharmacological, acute antidepressant effects is a Participant_Condition, sleep deprivation : is a Participant_Condition, major depression . is a Participant_Condition, lithium is a Intervention_Pharmacological, lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation is a Intervention_Control, lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure is a Intervention_Control, desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations is a Intervention_Control, antidepressant response is a Outcome_Mental, 16 is a Participant_Sample-size, depressed is a Participant_Condition, desipramine / sleep deprivation is a Intervention_Pharmacological, inducing remission . is a Outcome_Physical, sleep / pharmacologic intervention is a Intervention_Physical	84578_task1	Sentence: Lithium sustains the acute antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation : preliminary findings from a controlled study . Early morning sleep deprivation ( patient awake from 0200 to 2200 hours ) produces a same-day antidepressant effect in approximately one-half of patients with major depression . Unfortunately , these antidepressant effects are short-lived and patients usually relapse to baseline depression levels within 48 hours . Recent work suggests , however , that the use of lithium with early morning sleep deprivation sustains this rapid antidepressant effect and makes it clinically useful . In a 30-day study , we compared the abilities of four different treatments ( lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation , lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure , and desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations ) to induce a rapid ( next-day ) and sustained antidepressant response in 16 depressed patients . Lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation produced a quicker response than lithium with the control sleep deprivation , and the response was sustained for at least 30 days . In this design , however , lithium/early morning sleep deprivation was no faster than either of the two desipramine/sleep deprivation conditions in inducing remission . These results support the results of previous studies and suggest further investigation of this novel sleep/pharmacologic intervention is warranted . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Lithium, acute antidepressant effects, sleep deprivation :, major depression ., lithium, lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation, lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure, desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations, antidepressant response, 16, depressed, desipramine / sleep deprivation, inducing remission ., sleep / pharmacologic intervention Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Mental	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O" ]	Lithium sustains the acute antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation : preliminary findings from a controlled study . Early morning sleep deprivation ( patient awake from 0200 to 2200 hours ) produces a same-day antidepressant effect in approximately one-half of patients with major depression . Unfortunately , these antidepressant effects are short-lived and patients usually relapse to baseline depression levels within 48 hours . Recent work suggests , however , that the use of lithium with early morning sleep deprivation sustains this rapid antidepressant effect and makes it clinically useful . In a 30-day study , we compared the abilities of four different treatments ( lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation , lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure , and desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations ) to induce a rapid ( next-day ) and sustained antidepressant response in 16 depressed patients . Lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation produced a quicker response than lithium with the control sleep deprivation , and the response was sustained for at least 30 days . In this design , however , lithium/early morning sleep deprivation was no faster than either of the two desipramine/sleep deprivation conditions in inducing remission . These results support the results of previous studies and suggest further investigation of this novel sleep/pharmacologic intervention is warranted .	[ "Lithium", "sustains", "the", "acute", "antidepressant", "effects", "of", "sleep", "deprivation", ":", "preliminary", "findings", "from", "a", "controlled", "study", ".", "Early", "morning", "sleep", "deprivation", "(", "patient", "awake", "from", "0200", "to", "2200", "hours", ")", "produces", "a", "same", "-", "day", "antidepressant", "effect", "in", "approximately", "one", "-", "half", "of", "patients", "with", "major", "depression", ".", "Unfortunately", ",", "these", "antidepressant", "effects", "are", "short", "-", "lived", "and", "patients", "usually", "relapse", "to", "baseline", "depression", "levels", "within", "48", "hours", ".", "Recent", "work", "suggests", ",", "however", ",", "that", "the", "use", "of", "lithium", "with", "early", "morning", "sleep", "deprivation", "sustains", "this", "rapid", "antidepressant", "effect", "and", "makes", "it", "clinically", "useful", ".", "In", "a", "30-day", "study", ",", "we", "compared", "the", "abilities", "of", "four", "different", "treatments", "(", "lithium", "plus", "early", "morning", "sleep", "deprivation", ",", "lithium", "plus", "a", "control", "sleep", "deprivation", "procedure", ",", "and", "desipramine", "with", "either", "of", "the", "two", "sleep", "manipulations", ")", "to", "induce", "a", "rapid", "(", "next", "-", "day", ")", "and", "sustained", "antidepressant", "response", "in", "16", "depressed", "patients", ".", "Lithium", "plus", "early", "morning", "sleep", "deprivation", "produced", "a", "quicker", "response", "than", "lithium", "with", "the", "control", "sleep", "deprivation", ",", "and", "the", "response", "was", "sustained", "for", "at", "least", "30", "days", ".", "In", "this", "design", ",", "however", ",", "lithium", "/", "early", "morning", "sleep", "deprivation", "was", "no", "faster", "than", "either", "of", "the", "two", "desipramine", "/", "sleep", "deprivation", "conditions", "in", "inducing", "remission", ".", "These", "results", "support", "the", "results", "of", "previous", "studies", "and", "suggest", "further", "investigation", "of", "this", "novel", "sleep", "/", "pharmacologic", "intervention", "is", "warranted", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Control", "Intervention_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Mental", "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Sample-size" ]
Lithium, acute antidepressant effects, sleep deprivation :, major depression ., lithium, lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation, lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure, desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations, antidepressant response, 16, depressed, desipramine / sleep deprivation, inducing remission ., sleep / pharmacologic intervention	84578_task2	Sentence: Lithium sustains the acute antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation : preliminary findings from a controlled study . Early morning sleep deprivation ( patient awake from 0200 to 2200 hours ) produces a same-day antidepressant effect in approximately one-half of patients with major depression . Unfortunately , these antidepressant effects are short-lived and patients usually relapse to baseline depression levels within 48 hours . Recent work suggests , however , that the use of lithium with early morning sleep deprivation sustains this rapid antidepressant effect and makes it clinically useful . In a 30-day study , we compared the abilities of four different treatments ( lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation , lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure , and desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations ) to induce a rapid ( next-day ) and sustained antidepressant response in 16 depressed patients . Lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation produced a quicker response than lithium with the control sleep deprivation , and the response was sustained for at least 30 days . In this design , however , lithium/early morning sleep deprivation was no faster than either of the two desipramine/sleep deprivation conditions in inducing remission . These results support the results of previous studies and suggest further investigation of this novel sleep/pharmacologic intervention is warranted . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O" ]	Lithium sustains the acute antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation : preliminary findings from a controlled study . Early morning sleep deprivation ( patient awake from 0200 to 2200 hours ) produces a same-day antidepressant effect in approximately one-half of patients with major depression . Unfortunately , these antidepressant effects are short-lived and patients usually relapse to baseline depression levels within 48 hours . Recent work suggests , however , that the use of lithium with early morning sleep deprivation sustains this rapid antidepressant effect and makes it clinically useful . In a 30-day study , we compared the abilities of four different treatments ( lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation , lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure , and desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations ) to induce a rapid ( next-day ) and sustained antidepressant response in 16 depressed patients . Lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation produced a quicker response than lithium with the control sleep deprivation , and the response was sustained for at least 30 days . In this design , however , lithium/early morning sleep deprivation was no faster than either of the two desipramine/sleep deprivation conditions in inducing remission . These results support the results of previous studies and suggest further investigation of this novel sleep/pharmacologic intervention is warranted .	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laserpolarimetrischen is an umlsterm, Nervenfaserschichtdicke is an umlsterm, Gesichtsfeldbefunden is an umlsterm	DerOpthalmologe.70940815.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Ziel dieser Studie war der Vergleich zwischen laserpolarimetrischen Messungen der Nervenfaserschichtdicke ( NFSD ) und den entsprechenden Gesichtsfeldbefunden . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Ziel dieser Studie war der Vergleich zwischen laserpolarimetrischen Messungen der Nervenfaserschichtdicke ( NFSD ) und den entsprechenden Gesichtsfeldbefunden .	[ "Ziel", "dieser", "Studie", "war", "der", "Vergleich", "zwischen", "laserpolarimetrischen", "Messungen", "der", "Nervenfaserschichtdicke", "(", "NFSD", ")", "und", "den", "entsprechenden", "Gesichtsfeldbefunden", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
laserpolarimetrischen is an umlsterm, Nervenfaserschichtdicke is an umlsterm, Gesichtsfeldbefunden is an umlsterm	DerOpthalmologe.70940815.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Ziel dieser Studie war der Vergleich zwischen laserpolarimetrischen Messungen der Nervenfaserschichtdicke ( NFSD ) und den entsprechenden Gesichtsfeldbefunden . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: laserpolarimetrischen, Nervenfaserschichtdicke, Gesichtsfeldbefunden Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Ziel dieser Studie war der Vergleich zwischen laserpolarimetrischen Messungen der Nervenfaserschichtdicke ( NFSD ) und den entsprechenden Gesichtsfeldbefunden .	[ "Ziel", "dieser", "Studie", "war", "der", "Vergleich", "zwischen", "laserpolarimetrischen", "Messungen", "der", "Nervenfaserschichtdicke", "(", "NFSD", ")", "und", "den", "entsprechenden", "Gesichtsfeldbefunden", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
laserpolarimetrischen, Nervenfaserschichtdicke, Gesichtsfeldbefunden	DerOpthalmologe.70940815.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Ziel dieser Studie war der Vergleich zwischen laserpolarimetrischen Messungen der Nervenfaserschichtdicke ( NFSD ) und den entsprechenden Gesichtsfeldbefunden . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Ziel dieser Studie war der Vergleich zwischen laserpolarimetrischen Messungen der Nervenfaserschichtdicke ( NFSD ) und den entsprechenden Gesichtsfeldbefunden .	[ "Ziel", "dieser", "Studie", "war", "der", "Vergleich", "zwischen", "laserpolarimetrischen", "Messungen", "der", "Nervenfaserschichtdicke", "(", "NFSD", ")", "und", "den", "entsprechenden", "Gesichtsfeldbefunden", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Mas70p is a protein, Mas70p is a protein, hsp90 is a protein	1.0alpha7.train.297_task0	Sentence: There is solid evidence that Mas70p is a component of the mitochondrial receptor machinery for protein import ( 46), and we asked if Mas70p would bind to hsp90. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O" ]	There is solid evidence that Mas70p is a component of the mitochondrial receptor machinery for protein import ( 46), and we asked if Mas70p would bind to hsp90.	[ " ", "There", "is", "solid", "evidence", "that", " ", "Mas70p", "is", "a", "component", "of", "the", " ", "mitochondrial", "receptor", "machinery", "for", "protein", "import", "(", "46", ")", ",", "and", "we", "asked", "if", " ", "Mas70p", "would", "bind", "to", " ", "hsp90", ".", " " ]	[ "protein" ]
Mas70p is a protein, Mas70p is a protein, hsp90 is a protein	1.0alpha7.train.297_task1	Sentence: There is solid evidence that Mas70p is a component of the mitochondrial receptor machinery for protein import ( 46), and we asked if Mas70p would bind to hsp90. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Mas70p, Mas70p, hsp90 Options: protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O" ]	There is solid evidence that Mas70p is a component of the mitochondrial receptor machinery for protein import ( 46), and we asked if Mas70p would bind to hsp90.	[ " ", "There", "is", "solid", "evidence", "that", " ", "Mas70p", "is", "a", "component", "of", "the", " ", "mitochondrial", "receptor", "machinery", "for", "protein", "import", "(", "46", ")", ",", "and", "we", "asked", "if", " ", "Mas70p", "would", "bind", "to", " ", "hsp90", ".", " " ]	[ "protein" ]
Mas70p, Mas70p, hsp90	1.0alpha7.train.297_task2	Sentence: There is solid evidence that Mas70p is a component of the mitochondrial receptor machinery for protein import ( 46), and we asked if Mas70p would bind to hsp90. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O" ]	There is solid evidence that Mas70p is a component of the mitochondrial receptor machinery for protein import ( 46), and we asked if Mas70p would bind to hsp90.	[ " ", "There", "is", "solid", "evidence", "that", " ", "Mas70p", "is", "a", "component", "of", "the", " ", "mitochondrial", "receptor", "machinery", "for", "protein", "import", "(", "46", ")", ",", "and", "we", "asked", "if", " ", "Mas70p", "would", "bind", "to", " ", "hsp90", ".", " " ]	[ "protein" ]
Allgemeinanaesthetika is an umlsterm, Ionenkanaele is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Menschen is an umlsterm, Etomidat is an umlsterm, Kaliumstrom is an umlsterm, Menschen is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.70460434.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Bislang liegen keine detaillierten Studien zum Einfluss von Allgemeinanaesthetika auf Ionenkanaele in neuronalen Zellen des Menschen vor . Deshalb wurde der Effekt von Etomidat auf einen neuronalen Kaliumstrom des Menschen mittels der Ganzzell Patch-Clamp-Technik untersucht . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Bislang liegen keine detaillierten Studien zum Einfluss von Allgemeinanaesthetika auf Ionenkanaele in neuronalen Zellen des Menschen vor . Deshalb wurde der Effekt von Etomidat auf einen neuronalen Kaliumstrom des Menschen mittels der Ganzzell Patch-Clamp-Technik untersucht .	[ "Bislang", "liegen", "keine", "detaillierten", "Studien", "zum", "Einfluss", "von", "Allgemeinanaesthetika", "auf", "Ionenkanaele", "in", "neuronalen", "Zellen", "des", "Menschen", "vor", ".", "Deshalb", "wurde", "der", "Effekt", "von", "Etomidat", "auf", "einen", "neuronalen", "Kaliumstrom", "des", "Menschen", "mittels", "der", "Ganzzell", "Patch", "-", "Clamp", "-", "Technik", "untersucht", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Allgemeinanaesthetika is an umlsterm, Ionenkanaele is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Menschen is an umlsterm, Etomidat is an umlsterm, Kaliumstrom is an umlsterm, Menschen is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.70460434.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Bislang liegen keine detaillierten Studien zum Einfluss von Allgemeinanaesthetika auf Ionenkanaele in neuronalen Zellen des Menschen vor . Deshalb wurde der Effekt von Etomidat auf einen neuronalen Kaliumstrom des Menschen mittels der Ganzzell Patch-Clamp-Technik untersucht . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Allgemeinanaesthetika, Ionenkanaele, Zellen, Menschen, Etomidat, Kaliumstrom, Menschen Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Bislang liegen keine detaillierten Studien zum Einfluss von Allgemeinanaesthetika auf Ionenkanaele in neuronalen Zellen des Menschen vor . Deshalb wurde der Effekt von Etomidat auf einen neuronalen Kaliumstrom des Menschen mittels der Ganzzell Patch-Clamp-Technik untersucht .	[ "Bislang", "liegen", "keine", "detaillierten", "Studien", "zum", "Einfluss", "von", "Allgemeinanaesthetika", "auf", "Ionenkanaele", "in", "neuronalen", "Zellen", "des", "Menschen", "vor", ".", "Deshalb", "wurde", "der", "Effekt", "von", "Etomidat", "auf", "einen", "neuronalen", "Kaliumstrom", "des", "Menschen", "mittels", "der", "Ganzzell", "Patch", "-", "Clamp", "-", "Technik", "untersucht", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Allgemeinanaesthetika, Ionenkanaele, Zellen, Menschen, Etomidat, Kaliumstrom, Menschen	DerAnaesthesist.70460434.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Bislang liegen keine detaillierten Studien zum Einfluss von Allgemeinanaesthetika auf Ionenkanaele in neuronalen Zellen des Menschen vor . Deshalb wurde der Effekt von Etomidat auf einen neuronalen Kaliumstrom des Menschen mittels der Ganzzell Patch-Clamp-Technik untersucht . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Bislang liegen keine detaillierten Studien zum Einfluss von Allgemeinanaesthetika auf Ionenkanaele in neuronalen Zellen des Menschen vor . Deshalb wurde der Effekt von Etomidat auf einen neuronalen Kaliumstrom des Menschen mittels der Ganzzell Patch-Clamp-Technik untersucht .	[ "Bislang", "liegen", "keine", "detaillierten", "Studien", "zum", "Einfluss", "von", "Allgemeinanaesthetika", "auf", "Ionenkanaele", "in", "neuronalen", "Zellen", "des", "Menschen", "vor", ".", "Deshalb", "wurde", "der", "Effekt", "von", "Etomidat", "auf", "einen", "neuronalen", "Kaliumstrom", "des", "Menschen", "mittels", "der", "Ganzzell", "Patch", "-", "Clamp", "-", "Technik", "untersucht", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
skin is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, gene therapy is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, delivery is an umlsterm, ability is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, safety is an umlsterm, epidermis is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, long - term treatment is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, transfer is an umlsterm, keratinocyte is an umlsterm, stem cells is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, diseases is an umlsterm, disorders is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, defects is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.80490536.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: The skin is an attractive target tissue for gene therapy . Because of its accessibility , it is suitable for in vivo as well as for ex vivo gene delivery . The ability to monitor the treatment site is an advantage for safety considerations . The epidermis is a self-renewing tissue , which provides the possibility of achieving long-term treatment through gene transfer into keratinocyte stem cells . This opens new perspectives for the treatment of dermatological and even systemic diseases . The possibility for corrective intervention in disorders with inherited gene defects appears particularly attractive . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The skin is an attractive target tissue for gene therapy . Because of its accessibility , it is suitable for in vivo as well as for ex vivo gene delivery . The ability to monitor the treatment site is an advantage for safety considerations . The epidermis is a self-renewing tissue , which provides the possibility of achieving long-term treatment through gene transfer into keratinocyte stem cells . This opens new perspectives for the treatment of dermatological and even systemic diseases . The possibility for corrective intervention in disorders with inherited gene defects appears particularly attractive .	[ "The", "skin", "is", "an", "attractive", "target", "tissue", "for", "gene", "therapy", ".", "Because", "of", "its", "accessibility", ",", "it", "is", "suitable", "for", "in", "vivo", "as", "well", "as", "for", "ex", "vivo", "gene", "delivery", ".", "The", "ability", "to", "monitor", "the", "treatment", "site", "is", "an", "advantage", "for", "safety", "considerations", ".", "The", "epidermis", "is", "a", "self", "-", "renewing", "tissue", ",", "which", "provides", "the", "possibility", "of", "achieving", "long", "-", "term", "treatment", "through", "gene", "transfer", "into", "keratinocyte", "stem", "cells", ".", "This", "opens", "new", "perspectives", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "dermatological", "and", "even", "systemic", "diseases", ".", "The", "possibility", "for", "corrective", "intervention", "in", "disorders", "with", "inherited", "gene", "defects", "appears", "particularly", "attractive", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
skin is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, gene therapy is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, delivery is an umlsterm, ability is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, safety is an umlsterm, epidermis is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, long - term treatment is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, transfer is an umlsterm, keratinocyte is an umlsterm, stem cells is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, diseases is an umlsterm, disorders is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, defects is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.80490536.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: The skin is an attractive target tissue for gene therapy . Because of its accessibility , it is suitable for in vivo as well as for ex vivo gene delivery . The ability to monitor the treatment site is an advantage for safety considerations . The epidermis is a self-renewing tissue , which provides the possibility of achieving long-term treatment through gene transfer into keratinocyte stem cells . This opens new perspectives for the treatment of dermatological and even systemic diseases . The possibility for corrective intervention in disorders with inherited gene defects appears particularly attractive . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: skin, tissue, gene therapy, gene, delivery, ability, treatment, safety, epidermis, tissue, long - term treatment, gene, transfer, keratinocyte, stem cells, treatment, diseases, disorders, gene, defects Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The skin is an attractive target tissue for gene therapy . Because of its accessibility , it is suitable for in vivo as well as for ex vivo gene delivery . The ability to monitor the treatment site is an advantage for safety considerations . The epidermis is a self-renewing tissue , which provides the possibility of achieving long-term treatment through gene transfer into keratinocyte stem cells . This opens new perspectives for the treatment of dermatological and even systemic diseases . The possibility for corrective intervention in disorders with inherited gene defects appears particularly attractive .	[ "The", "skin", "is", "an", "attractive", "target", "tissue", "for", "gene", "therapy", ".", "Because", "of", "its", "accessibility", ",", "it", "is", "suitable", "for", "in", "vivo", "as", "well", "as", "for", "ex", "vivo", "gene", "delivery", ".", "The", "ability", "to", "monitor", "the", "treatment", "site", "is", "an", "advantage", "for", "safety", "considerations", ".", "The", "epidermis", "is", "a", "self", "-", "renewing", "tissue", ",", "which", "provides", "the", "possibility", "of", "achieving", "long", "-", "term", "treatment", "through", "gene", "transfer", "into", "keratinocyte", "stem", "cells", ".", "This", "opens", "new", "perspectives", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "dermatological", "and", "even", "systemic", "diseases", ".", "The", "possibility", "for", "corrective", "intervention", "in", "disorders", "with", "inherited", "gene", "defects", "appears", "particularly", "attractive", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
skin, tissue, gene therapy, gene, delivery, ability, treatment, safety, epidermis, tissue, long - term treatment, gene, transfer, keratinocyte, stem cells, treatment, diseases, disorders, gene, defects	DerHautarzt.80490536.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: The skin is an attractive target tissue for gene therapy . Because of its accessibility , it is suitable for in vivo as well as for ex vivo gene delivery . The ability to monitor the treatment site is an advantage for safety considerations . The epidermis is a self-renewing tissue , which provides the possibility of achieving long-term treatment through gene transfer into keratinocyte stem cells . This opens new perspectives for the treatment of dermatological and even systemic diseases . The possibility for corrective intervention in disorders with inherited gene defects appears particularly attractive . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The skin is an attractive target tissue for gene therapy . Because of its accessibility , it is suitable for in vivo as well as for ex vivo gene delivery . The ability to monitor the treatment site is an advantage for safety considerations . The epidermis is a self-renewing tissue , which provides the possibility of achieving long-term treatment through gene transfer into keratinocyte stem cells . This opens new perspectives for the treatment of dermatological and even systemic diseases . The possibility for corrective intervention in disorders with inherited gene defects appears particularly attractive .	[ "The", "skin", "is", "an", "attractive", "target", "tissue", "for", "gene", "therapy", ".", "Because", "of", "its", "accessibility", ",", "it", "is", "suitable", "for", "in", "vivo", "as", "well", "as", "for", "ex", "vivo", "gene", "delivery", ".", "The", "ability", "to", "monitor", "the", "treatment", "site", "is", "an", "advantage", "for", "safety", "considerations", ".", "The", "epidermis", "is", "a", "self", "-", "renewing", "tissue", ",", "which", "provides", "the", "possibility", "of", "achieving", "long", "-", "term", "treatment", "through", "gene", "transfer", "into", "keratinocyte", "stem", "cells", ".", "This", "opens", "new", "perspectives", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "dermatological", "and", "even", "systemic", "diseases", ".", "The", "possibility", "for", "corrective", "intervention", "in", "disorders", "with", "inherited", "gene", "defects", "appears", "particularly", "attractive", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
N - methyl - D - aspartate receptor is a protein, tyrosine is a compound, NMDAR2A is a protein, NMDAR1 is a protein	DS.d260_task0	Sentence: From the known regulatory mechanisms of Arc expression, HFD reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity, as seen by decreases in tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDAR2A and levels of NMDAR1. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O" ]	From the known regulatory mechanisms of Arc expression, HFD reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity, as seen by decreases in tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDAR2A and levels of NMDAR1.	[ "From", "the", "known", "regulatory", "mechanisms", "of", "Arc", "expression", ",", "HFD", "reduced", "N", "-", "methyl", "-", "D", "-", "aspartate", "receptor", "(", "NMDAR", ")", "activity", ",", "as", "seen", "by", "decreases", "in", "tyrosine", "phosphorylation", "of", "NMDAR2A", "and", "levels", "of", "NMDAR1", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
N - methyl - D - aspartate receptor is a protein, tyrosine is a compound, NMDAR2A is a protein, NMDAR1 is a protein	DS.d260_task1	Sentence: From the known regulatory mechanisms of Arc expression, HFD reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity, as seen by decreases in tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDAR2A and levels of NMDAR1. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: N - methyl - D - aspartate receptor, tyrosine, NMDAR2A, NMDAR1 Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O" ]	From the known regulatory mechanisms of Arc expression, HFD reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity, as seen by decreases in tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDAR2A and levels of NMDAR1.	[ "From", "the", "known", "regulatory", "mechanisms", "of", "Arc", "expression", ",", "HFD", "reduced", "N", "-", "methyl", "-", "D", "-", "aspartate", "receptor", "(", "NMDAR", ")", "activity", ",", "as", "seen", "by", "decreases", "in", "tyrosine", "phosphorylation", "of", "NMDAR2A", "and", "levels", "of", "NMDAR1", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
N - methyl - D - aspartate receptor, tyrosine, NMDAR2A, NMDAR1	DS.d260_task2	Sentence: From the known regulatory mechanisms of Arc expression, HFD reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity, as seen by decreases in tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDAR2A and levels of NMDAR1. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O" ]	From the known regulatory mechanisms of Arc expression, HFD reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity, as seen by decreases in tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDAR2A and levels of NMDAR1.	[ "From", "the", "known", "regulatory", "mechanisms", "of", "Arc", "expression", ",", "HFD", "reduced", "N", "-", "methyl", "-", "D", "-", "aspartate", "receptor", "(", "NMDAR", ")", "activity", ",", "as", "seen", "by", "decreases", "in", "tyrosine", "phosphorylation", "of", "NMDAR2A", "and", "levels", "of", "NMDAR1", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
tobacco is a Plant, periodontal disease is a Disease, head and neck cancer is a Disease, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, periodontal disease is a Disease, head and neck cancer is a Disease	17012261_task0	Sentence: The use of tobacco products is associated with an increased incidence of periodontal disease, poor response to periodontal therapy, and a high risk for developing head and neck cancer. Nicotine and tobacco-derived nitrosamines have been shown to exhibit their pathobiologic effects due in part to activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs), mainly alpha7 nAChR, expressed by oral keratinocytes (KCs). This study was designed to gain mechanistic insight into alpha7-mediated morbidity of tobacco products in the oral cavity. We investigated the signaling pathways downstream of alpha7 nAChR in monolayers of oral KCs exposed for 24 h to aged and diluted sidestream cigarette smoke (ADSS) or an equivalent concentration of pure nicotine. By both real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and In-cell Western, the KCs stimulated with ADSS or nicotine showed multifold increases of STAT-3. These effects could be completely blocked or significantly (P<0.05) diminished if the cells were pretreated with the alpha7 antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (alphaBTX) or transfected with anti-alpha7 small interfering RNA (siRNA-alpha7). The use of pathway inhibitors revealed that signaling through the Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK steps mediated alpha7-dependent up-regulation of STAT-3. Targeted mutation of the alpha7 gene prevented ERK1/2 activation by nicotine. Using the gel mobility shift assay, we demonstrated that an increased protein binding activity of STAT-3 caused by ADSS or pure nicotine was mediated by janus-activated kinase (JAK)-2. Activation of JAK-2/STAT-3 pathway could be prevented by alphaBTX or siRNA-alpha7. Thus, nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 in KCs exposed to tobacco products is mediated via intracellular signaling downstream from alpha7, which proceeds via two complementary pathways. The Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK cascade culminates in up-regulated expression of the gene encoding STAT-3, whereas recruitment and activation of tyrosine kinase JAK-2 phosphorylates it. Elucidation of this novel mechanism of nicotine-dependent nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 identifies oral alpha7 nAChR as a promising molecular target to prevent, reverse, or retard tobacco-related periodontal disease and progression of head and neck cancer by receptor inhibitors. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Disease, Plant	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The use of tobacco products is associated with an increased incidence of periodontal disease, poor response to periodontal therapy, and a high risk for developing head and neck cancer. Nicotine and tobacco-derived nitrosamines have been shown to exhibit their pathobiologic effects due in part to activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs), mainly alpha7 nAChR, expressed by oral keratinocytes (KCs). This study was designed to gain mechanistic insight into alpha7-mediated morbidity of tobacco products in the oral cavity. We investigated the signaling pathways downstream of alpha7 nAChR in monolayers of oral KCs exposed for 24 h to aged and diluted sidestream cigarette smoke (ADSS) or an equivalent concentration of pure nicotine. By both real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and In-cell Western, the KCs stimulated with ADSS or nicotine showed multifold increases of STAT-3. These effects could be completely blocked or significantly (P<0.05) diminished if the cells were pretreated with the alpha7 antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (alphaBTX) or transfected with anti-alpha7 small interfering RNA (siRNA-alpha7). The use of pathway inhibitors revealed that signaling through the Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK steps mediated alpha7-dependent up-regulation of STAT-3. Targeted mutation of the alpha7 gene prevented ERK1/2 activation by nicotine. Using the gel mobility shift assay, we demonstrated that an increased protein binding activity of STAT-3 caused by ADSS or pure nicotine was mediated by janus-activated kinase (JAK)-2. Activation of JAK-2/STAT-3 pathway could be prevented by alphaBTX or siRNA-alpha7. Thus, nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 in KCs exposed to tobacco products is mediated via intracellular signaling downstream from alpha7, which proceeds via two complementary pathways. The Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK cascade culminates in up-regulated expression of the gene encoding STAT-3, whereas recruitment and activation of tyrosine kinase JAK-2 phosphorylates it. Elucidation of this novel mechanism of nicotine-dependent nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 identifies oral alpha7 nAChR as a promising molecular target to prevent, reverse, or retard tobacco-related periodontal disease and progression of head and neck cancer by receptor inhibitors.	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tobacco is a Plant, periodontal disease is a Disease, head and neck cancer is a Disease, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, periodontal disease is a Disease, head and neck cancer is a Disease	17012261_task1	Sentence: The use of tobacco products is associated with an increased incidence of periodontal disease, poor response to periodontal therapy, and a high risk for developing head and neck cancer. Nicotine and tobacco-derived nitrosamines have been shown to exhibit their pathobiologic effects due in part to activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs), mainly alpha7 nAChR, expressed by oral keratinocytes (KCs). This study was designed to gain mechanistic insight into alpha7-mediated morbidity of tobacco products in the oral cavity. We investigated the signaling pathways downstream of alpha7 nAChR in monolayers of oral KCs exposed for 24 h to aged and diluted sidestream cigarette smoke (ADSS) or an equivalent concentration of pure nicotine. By both real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and In-cell Western, the KCs stimulated with ADSS or nicotine showed multifold increases of STAT-3. These effects could be completely blocked or significantly (P<0.05) diminished if the cells were pretreated with the alpha7 antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (alphaBTX) or transfected with anti-alpha7 small interfering RNA (siRNA-alpha7). The use of pathway inhibitors revealed that signaling through the Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK steps mediated alpha7-dependent up-regulation of STAT-3. Targeted mutation of the alpha7 gene prevented ERK1/2 activation by nicotine. Using the gel mobility shift assay, we demonstrated that an increased protein binding activity of STAT-3 caused by ADSS or pure nicotine was mediated by janus-activated kinase (JAK)-2. Activation of JAK-2/STAT-3 pathway could be prevented by alphaBTX or siRNA-alpha7. Thus, nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 in KCs exposed to tobacco products is mediated via intracellular signaling downstream from alpha7, which proceeds via two complementary pathways. The Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK cascade culminates in up-regulated expression of the gene encoding STAT-3, whereas recruitment and activation of tyrosine kinase JAK-2 phosphorylates it. Elucidation of this novel mechanism of nicotine-dependent nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 identifies oral alpha7 nAChR as a promising molecular target to prevent, reverse, or retard tobacco-related periodontal disease and progression of head and neck cancer by receptor inhibitors. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: tobacco, periodontal disease, head and neck cancer, tobacco, tobacco, tobacco, tobacco, periodontal disease, head and neck cancer Options: Disease, Plant	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The use of tobacco products is associated with an increased incidence of periodontal disease, poor response to periodontal therapy, and a high risk for developing head and neck cancer. Nicotine and tobacco-derived nitrosamines have been shown to exhibit their pathobiologic effects due in part to activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs), mainly alpha7 nAChR, expressed by oral keratinocytes (KCs). This study was designed to gain mechanistic insight into alpha7-mediated morbidity of tobacco products in the oral cavity. We investigated the signaling pathways downstream of alpha7 nAChR in monolayers of oral KCs exposed for 24 h to aged and diluted sidestream cigarette smoke (ADSS) or an equivalent concentration of pure nicotine. By both real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and In-cell Western, the KCs stimulated with ADSS or nicotine showed multifold increases of STAT-3. These effects could be completely blocked or significantly (P<0.05) diminished if the cells were pretreated with the alpha7 antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (alphaBTX) or transfected with anti-alpha7 small interfering RNA (siRNA-alpha7). The use of pathway inhibitors revealed that signaling through the Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK steps mediated alpha7-dependent up-regulation of STAT-3. Targeted mutation of the alpha7 gene prevented ERK1/2 activation by nicotine. Using the gel mobility shift assay, we demonstrated that an increased protein binding activity of STAT-3 caused by ADSS or pure nicotine was mediated by janus-activated kinase (JAK)-2. Activation of JAK-2/STAT-3 pathway could be prevented by alphaBTX or siRNA-alpha7. Thus, nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 in KCs exposed to tobacco products is mediated via intracellular signaling downstream from alpha7, which proceeds via two complementary pathways. The Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK cascade culminates in up-regulated expression of the gene encoding STAT-3, whereas recruitment and activation of tyrosine kinase JAK-2 phosphorylates it. Elucidation of this novel mechanism of nicotine-dependent nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 identifies oral alpha7 nAChR as a promising molecular target to prevent, reverse, or retard tobacco-related periodontal disease and progression of head and neck cancer by receptor inhibitors.	[ "The", "use", "of", "tobacco", "products", "is", "associated", "with", "an", "increased", "incidence", "of", "periodontal", "disease", ",", "poor", "response", "to", "periodontal", "therapy", ",", "and", "a", "high", "risk", "for", "developing", "head", "and", "neck", "cancer", ".", "Nicotine", "and", "tobacco", "-", "derived", "nitrosamines", "have", "been", "shown", "to", "exhibit", "their", "pathobiologic", "effects", "due", "in", "part", "to", "activation", "of", "the", "nicotinic", "acetylcholine", "(", "ACh", ")", "receptors", "(", "nAChRs", ")", ",", "mainly", "alpha7", "nAChR", ",", "expressed", "by", "oral", "keratinocytes", "(", "KCs", ")", ".", "This", "study", "was", "designed", "to", "gain", "mechanistic", "insight", "into", "alpha7-mediated", "morbidity", "of", "tobacco", "products", "in", "the", "oral", "cavity", ".", "We", "investigated", "the", "signaling", "pathways", "downstream", "of", "alpha7", "nAChR", "in", "monolayers", "of", "oral", "KCs", "exposed", "for", "24", "h", "to", "aged", "and", "diluted", "sidestream", "cigarette", "smoke", "(", "ADSS", ")", "or", "an", "equivalent", "concentration", "of", "pure", "nicotine", ".", "By", "both", "real", "-", "time", "polymerase", "chain", "reaction", "(", "PCR", ")", "and", "In", "-", "cell", "Western", ",", "the", "KCs", "stimulated", "with", "ADSS", "or", "nicotine", "showed", "multifold", "increases", "of", "STAT-3", ".", "These", "effects", "could", "be", "completely", "blocked", "or", "significantly", "(", "P<0.05", ")", "diminished", "if", "the", "cells", "were", "pretreated", "with", "the", "alpha7", "antagonist", "alpha", "-", "bungarotoxin", "(", "alphaBTX", ")", "or", "transfected", "with", "anti", "-", "alpha7", "small", "interfering", "RNA", "(", "siRNA", "-", "alpha7", ")", ".", "The", "use", "of", "pathway", "inhibitors", "revealed", "that", "signaling", "through", "the", "Ras", "/", "Raf-1", "/", "MEK1", "/", "ERK", "steps", "mediated", "alpha7-dependent", "up", "-", "regulation", "of", "STAT-3", ".", "Targeted", "mutation", "of", "the", "alpha7", "gene", "prevented", "ERK1/2", "activation", "by", "nicotine", ".", "Using", "the", "gel", "mobility", "shift", "assay", ",", "we", "demonstrated", "that", "an", "increased", "protein", "binding", "activity", "of", "STAT-3", "caused", "by", "ADSS", "or", "pure", "nicotine", "was", "mediated", "by", "janus", "-", "activated", "kinase", "(", "JAK)-2", ".", "Activation", "of", "JAK-2", "/", "STAT-3", "pathway", "could", "be", "prevented", "by", "alphaBTX", "or", "siRNA", "-", "alpha7", ".", "Thus", ",", "nuclear", "transactivation", "of", "STAT-3", "in", "KCs", "exposed", "to", "tobacco", "products", "is", "mediated", "via", "intracellular", "signaling", "downstream", "from", "alpha7", ",", "which", "proceeds", "via", "two", "complementary", "pathways", ".", "The", "Ras", "/", "Raf-1", "/", "MEK1", "/", "ERK", "cascade", "culminates", "in", "up", "-", "regulated", "expression", "of", "the", "gene", "encoding", "STAT-3", ",", "whereas", "recruitment", "and", "activation", "of", "tyrosine", "kinase", "JAK-2", "phosphorylates", "it", ".", "Elucidation", "of", "this", "novel", "mechanism", "of", "nicotine", "-", "dependent", "nuclear", "transactivation", "of", "STAT-3", "identifies", "oral", "alpha7", "nAChR", "as", "a", "promising", "molecular", "target", "to", "prevent", ",", "reverse", ",", "or", "retard", "tobacco", "-", "related", "periodontal", "disease", "and", "progression", "of", "head", "and", "neck", "cancer", "by", "receptor", "inhibitors", "." ]	[ "Disease", "Plant" ]
tobacco, periodontal disease, head and neck cancer, tobacco, tobacco, tobacco, tobacco, periodontal disease, head and neck cancer	17012261_task2	Sentence: The use of tobacco products is associated with an increased incidence of periodontal disease, poor response to periodontal therapy, and a high risk for developing head and neck cancer. Nicotine and tobacco-derived nitrosamines have been shown to exhibit their pathobiologic effects due in part to activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs), mainly alpha7 nAChR, expressed by oral keratinocytes (KCs). This study was designed to gain mechanistic insight into alpha7-mediated morbidity of tobacco products in the oral cavity. We investigated the signaling pathways downstream of alpha7 nAChR in monolayers of oral KCs exposed for 24 h to aged and diluted sidestream cigarette smoke (ADSS) or an equivalent concentration of pure nicotine. By both real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and In-cell Western, the KCs stimulated with ADSS or nicotine showed multifold increases of STAT-3. These effects could be completely blocked or significantly (P<0.05) diminished if the cells were pretreated with the alpha7 antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (alphaBTX) or transfected with anti-alpha7 small interfering RNA (siRNA-alpha7). The use of pathway inhibitors revealed that signaling through the Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK steps mediated alpha7-dependent up-regulation of STAT-3. Targeted mutation of the alpha7 gene prevented ERK1/2 activation by nicotine. Using the gel mobility shift assay, we demonstrated that an increased protein binding activity of STAT-3 caused by ADSS or pure nicotine was mediated by janus-activated kinase (JAK)-2. Activation of JAK-2/STAT-3 pathway could be prevented by alphaBTX or siRNA-alpha7. Thus, nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 in KCs exposed to tobacco products is mediated via intracellular signaling downstream from alpha7, which proceeds via two complementary pathways. The Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK cascade culminates in up-regulated expression of the gene encoding STAT-3, whereas recruitment and activation of tyrosine kinase JAK-2 phosphorylates it. Elucidation of this novel mechanism of nicotine-dependent nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 identifies oral alpha7 nAChR as a promising molecular target to prevent, reverse, or retard tobacco-related periodontal disease and progression of head and neck cancer by receptor inhibitors. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The use of tobacco products is associated with an increased incidence of periodontal disease, poor response to periodontal therapy, and a high risk for developing head and neck cancer. Nicotine and tobacco-derived nitrosamines have been shown to exhibit their pathobiologic effects due in part to activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs), mainly alpha7 nAChR, expressed by oral keratinocytes (KCs). This study was designed to gain mechanistic insight into alpha7-mediated morbidity of tobacco products in the oral cavity. We investigated the signaling pathways downstream of alpha7 nAChR in monolayers of oral KCs exposed for 24 h to aged and diluted sidestream cigarette smoke (ADSS) or an equivalent concentration of pure nicotine. By both real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and In-cell Western, the KCs stimulated with ADSS or nicotine showed multifold increases of STAT-3. These effects could be completely blocked or significantly (P<0.05) diminished if the cells were pretreated with the alpha7 antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (alphaBTX) or transfected with anti-alpha7 small interfering RNA (siRNA-alpha7). The use of pathway inhibitors revealed that signaling through the Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK steps mediated alpha7-dependent up-regulation of STAT-3. Targeted mutation of the alpha7 gene prevented ERK1/2 activation by nicotine. Using the gel mobility shift assay, we demonstrated that an increased protein binding activity of STAT-3 caused by ADSS or pure nicotine was mediated by janus-activated kinase (JAK)-2. Activation of JAK-2/STAT-3 pathway could be prevented by alphaBTX or siRNA-alpha7. Thus, nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 in KCs exposed to tobacco products is mediated via intracellular signaling downstream from alpha7, which proceeds via two complementary pathways. The Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK cascade culminates in up-regulated expression of the gene encoding STAT-3, whereas recruitment and activation of tyrosine kinase JAK-2 phosphorylates it. Elucidation of this novel mechanism of nicotine-dependent nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 identifies oral alpha7 nAChR as a promising molecular target to prevent, reverse, or retard tobacco-related periodontal disease and progression of head and neck cancer by receptor inhibitors.	[ "The", "use", "of", "tobacco", "products", "is", "associated", "with", "an", "increased", "incidence", "of", "periodontal", "disease", ",", "poor", "response", "to", "periodontal", "therapy", ",", "and", "a", "high", "risk", "for", "developing", "head", "and", "neck", "cancer", ".", "Nicotine", "and", "tobacco", "-", "derived", "nitrosamines", "have", "been", "shown", "to", "exhibit", "their", "pathobiologic", "effects", "due", "in", "part", "to", "activation", "of", "the", "nicotinic", "acetylcholine", "(", "ACh", ")", "receptors", "(", "nAChRs", ")", ",", "mainly", "alpha7", "nAChR", ",", "expressed", "by", "oral", "keratinocytes", "(", "KCs", ")", ".", "This", "study", "was", "designed", "to", "gain", "mechanistic", "insight", "into", "alpha7-mediated", "morbidity", "of", "tobacco", "products", "in", "the", "oral", "cavity", ".", "We", "investigated", "the", "signaling", "pathways", "downstream", "of", "alpha7", "nAChR", "in", "monolayers", "of", "oral", "KCs", "exposed", "for", "24", "h", "to", "aged", "and", "diluted", "sidestream", "cigarette", "smoke", "(", "ADSS", ")", "or", "an", "equivalent", "concentration", "of", "pure", "nicotine", ".", "By", "both", "real", "-", "time", "polymerase", "chain", "reaction", "(", "PCR", ")", "and", "In", "-", "cell", "Western", ",", "the", "KCs", "stimulated", "with", "ADSS", "or", "nicotine", "showed", "multifold", "increases", "of", "STAT-3", ".", "These", "effects", "could", "be", "completely", "blocked", "or", "significantly", "(", "P<0.05", ")", "diminished", "if", "the", "cells", "were", "pretreated", "with", "the", "alpha7", "antagonist", "alpha", "-", "bungarotoxin", "(", "alphaBTX", ")", "or", "transfected", "with", "anti", "-", "alpha7", "small", "interfering", "RNA", "(", "siRNA", "-", "alpha7", ")", ".", "The", "use", "of", "pathway", "inhibitors", "revealed", "that", "signaling", "through", "the", "Ras", "/", "Raf-1", "/", "MEK1", "/", "ERK", "steps", "mediated", "alpha7-dependent", "up", "-", "regulation", "of", "STAT-3", ".", "Targeted", "mutation", "of", "the", "alpha7", "gene", "prevented", "ERK1/2", "activation", "by", "nicotine", ".", "Using", "the", "gel", "mobility", "shift", "assay", ",", "we", "demonstrated", "that", "an", "increased", "protein", "binding", "activity", "of", "STAT-3", "caused", "by", "ADSS", "or", "pure", "nicotine", "was", "mediated", "by", "janus", "-", "activated", "kinase", "(", "JAK)-2", ".", "Activation", "of", "JAK-2", "/", "STAT-3", "pathway", "could", "be", "prevented", "by", "alphaBTX", "or", "siRNA", "-", "alpha7", ".", "Thus", ",", "nuclear", "transactivation", "of", "STAT-3", "in", "KCs", "exposed", "to", "tobacco", "products", "is", "mediated", "via", "intracellular", "signaling", "downstream", "from", "alpha7", ",", "which", "proceeds", "via", "two", "complementary", "pathways", ".", "The", "Ras", "/", "Raf-1", "/", "MEK1", "/", "ERK", "cascade", "culminates", "in", "up", "-", "regulated", "expression", "of", "the", "gene", "encoding", "STAT-3", ",", "whereas", "recruitment", "and", "activation", "of", "tyrosine", "kinase", "JAK-2", "phosphorylates", "it", ".", "Elucidation", "of", "this", "novel", "mechanism", "of", "nicotine", "-", "dependent", "nuclear", "transactivation", "of", "STAT-3", "identifies", "oral", "alpha7", "nAChR", "as", "a", "promising", "molecular", "target", "to", "prevent", ",", "reverse", ",", "or", "retard", "tobacco", "-", "related", "periodontal", "disease", "and", "progression", "of", "head", "and", "neck", "cancer", "by", "receptor", "inhibitors", "." ]	[ "Disease", "Plant" ]
talin is a Individual_protein, vinculin is a Individual_protein, actin is a Individual_protein	572_task0	Sentence: On the internal (cytoplasmic) side of focal contacts, several proteins, including talin and vinculin, mediate interactions with the actin filament bundles of the cytoskeleton. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Individual_protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	On the internal (cytoplasmic) side of focal contacts, several proteins, including talin and vinculin, mediate interactions with the actin filament bundles of the cytoskeleton.	[ "On", "the", "internal", "(", "cytoplasmic", ")", "side", "of", "focal", "contacts", ",", "several", "proteins", ",", "including", "talin", "and", "vinculin", ",", "mediate", "interactions", "with", "the", "actin", "filament", "bundles", "of", "the", "cytoskeleton", "." ]	[ "Individual_protein" ]
talin is a Individual_protein, vinculin is a Individual_protein, actin is a Individual_protein	572_task1	Sentence: On the internal (cytoplasmic) side of focal contacts, several proteins, including talin and vinculin, mediate interactions with the actin filament bundles of the cytoskeleton. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: talin, vinculin, actin Options: Individual_protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	On the internal (cytoplasmic) side of focal contacts, several proteins, including talin and vinculin, mediate interactions with the actin filament bundles of the cytoskeleton.	[ "On", "the", "internal", "(", "cytoplasmic", ")", "side", "of", "focal", "contacts", ",", "several", "proteins", ",", "including", "talin", "and", "vinculin", ",", "mediate", "interactions", "with", "the", "actin", "filament", "bundles", "of", "the", "cytoskeleton", "." ]	[ "Individual_protein" ]
talin, vinculin, actin	572_task2	Sentence: On the internal (cytoplasmic) side of focal contacts, several proteins, including talin and vinculin, mediate interactions with the actin filament bundles of the cytoskeleton. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	On the internal (cytoplasmic) side of focal contacts, several proteins, including talin and vinculin, mediate interactions with the actin filament bundles of the cytoskeleton.	[ "On", "the", "internal", "(", "cytoplasmic", ")", "side", "of", "focal", "contacts", ",", "several", "proteins", ",", "including", "talin", "and", "vinculin", ",", "mediate", "interactions", "with", "the", "actin", "filament", "bundles", "of", "the", "cytoskeleton", "." ]	[ "Individual_protein" ]
Kammertachykardien is an umlsterm, Kammerflimmern is an umlsterm	ZfuerKardiologie.00890274.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Hintergrund : Ventrikulaere Spaetpotentiale sind eher bei Postinfarktpatienten mit rezidivierenden Kammertachykardien als solchen mit ueberlebtem , Kammerflimmern vorhanden . Moeglicherweise unterliegt die Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit tageszeitlichen Schwankungen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Hintergrund : Ventrikulaere Spaetpotentiale sind eher bei Postinfarktpatienten mit rezidivierenden Kammertachykardien als solchen mit ueberlebtem , Kammerflimmern vorhanden . Moeglicherweise unterliegt die Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit tageszeitlichen Schwankungen .	[ "Hintergrund", ":", "Ventrikulaere", "Spaetpotentiale", "sind", "eher", "bei", "Postinfarktpatienten", "mit", "rezidivierenden", "Kammertachykardien", "als", "solchen", "mit", "ueberlebtem", ",", "Kammerflimmern", "vorhanden", ".", "Moeglicherweise", "unterliegt", "die", "Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit", "tageszeitlichen", "Schwankungen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Kammertachykardien is an umlsterm, Kammerflimmern is an umlsterm	ZfuerKardiologie.00890274.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Hintergrund : Ventrikulaere Spaetpotentiale sind eher bei Postinfarktpatienten mit rezidivierenden Kammertachykardien als solchen mit ueberlebtem , Kammerflimmern vorhanden . Moeglicherweise unterliegt die Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit tageszeitlichen Schwankungen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Kammertachykardien, Kammerflimmern Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Hintergrund : Ventrikulaere Spaetpotentiale sind eher bei Postinfarktpatienten mit rezidivierenden Kammertachykardien als solchen mit ueberlebtem , Kammerflimmern vorhanden . Moeglicherweise unterliegt die Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit tageszeitlichen Schwankungen .	[ "Hintergrund", ":", "Ventrikulaere", "Spaetpotentiale", "sind", "eher", "bei", "Postinfarktpatienten", "mit", "rezidivierenden", "Kammertachykardien", "als", "solchen", "mit", "ueberlebtem", ",", "Kammerflimmern", "vorhanden", ".", "Moeglicherweise", "unterliegt", "die", "Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit", "tageszeitlichen", "Schwankungen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Kammertachykardien, Kammerflimmern	ZfuerKardiologie.00890274.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Hintergrund : Ventrikulaere Spaetpotentiale sind eher bei Postinfarktpatienten mit rezidivierenden Kammertachykardien als solchen mit ueberlebtem , Kammerflimmern vorhanden . Moeglicherweise unterliegt die Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit tageszeitlichen Schwankungen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Hintergrund : Ventrikulaere Spaetpotentiale sind eher bei Postinfarktpatienten mit rezidivierenden Kammertachykardien als solchen mit ueberlebtem , Kammerflimmern vorhanden . Moeglicherweise unterliegt die Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit tageszeitlichen Schwankungen .	[ "Hintergrund", ":", "Ventrikulaere", "Spaetpotentiale", "sind", "eher", "bei", "Postinfarktpatienten", "mit", "rezidivierenden", "Kammertachykardien", "als", "solchen", "mit", "ueberlebtem", ",", "Kammerflimmern", "vorhanden", ".", "Moeglicherweise", "unterliegt", "die", "Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit", "tageszeitlichen", "Schwankungen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
peptic ulcer disease is a Outcome_Physical, furazolidone . Furazolidone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, human is a Participant_Sex, animal ulcers . is a Outcome_Physical, ulcer healing is a Outcome_Physical, tolerated is a Outcome_Other, mutagenic is a Outcome_Other, carcinogenic is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction is a Outcome_Physical, antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori is a Outcome_Physical	14419_task0	Sentence: Treatment of peptic ulcer disease with furazolidone . Furazolidone ( FZ ) has been used in China as a treatment of peptic ulcer disease for about 20 years . Clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has good short-term and long-term effects on both human and animal ulcers . The ulcer healing rate is related to the dosage and course of treatment . The healing rate of a high dose , 2 week course is about 70-75 % and the relapse rate after 3 years is 9.5 % . The adverse reactions to FZ are not severe , and are well tolerated in most patients . However the mutagenic studies of several biological systems indicate that it has a mutagenic effect , but the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on humans and animals remain questionable , because FZ has been biotransformed into other metabolites . The mechanisms of FZ in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease are not fully understood , perhaps partly due to the monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction and partly to the antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori ( HP ) . The long-term effects of FZ are still not clear . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Sex, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sex", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Treatment of peptic ulcer disease with furazolidone . Furazolidone ( FZ ) has been used in China as a treatment of peptic ulcer disease for about 20 years . Clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has good short-term and long-term effects on both human and animal ulcers . The ulcer healing rate is related to the dosage and course of treatment . The healing rate of a high dose , 2 week course is about 70-75 % and the relapse rate after 3 years is 9.5 % . The adverse reactions to FZ are not severe , and are well tolerated in most patients . However the mutagenic studies of several biological systems indicate that it has a mutagenic effect , but the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on humans and animals remain questionable , because FZ has been biotransformed into other metabolites . The mechanisms of FZ in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease are not fully understood , perhaps partly due to the monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction and partly to the antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori ( HP ) . The long-term effects of FZ are still not clear .	[ "Treatment", "of", "peptic", "ulcer", "disease", "with", "furazolidone", ".", "Furazolidone", "(", "FZ", ")", "has", "been", "used", "in", "China", "as", "a", "treatment", "of", "peptic", "ulcer", "disease", "for", "about", "20", "years", ".", "Clinical", "and", "experimental", "studies", "suggest", "that", "it", "has", "good", "short", "-", "term", "and", "long", "-", "term", "effects", "on", "both", "human", "and", "animal", "ulcers", ".", "The", "ulcer", "healing", "rate", "is", "related", "to", "the", "dosage", "and", "course", "of", "treatment", ".", "The", "healing", "rate", "of", "a", "high", "dose", ",", "2", "week", "course", "is", "about", "70", "-", "75", "%", "and", "the", "relapse", "rate", "after", "3", "years", "is", "9.5", "%", ".", "The", "adverse", "reactions", "to", "FZ", "are", "not", "severe", ",", "and", "are", "well", "tolerated", "in", "most", "patients", ".", "However", "the", "mutagenic", "studies", "of", "several", "biological", "systems", "indicate", "that", "it", "has", "a", "mutagenic", "effect", ",", "but", "the", "mutagenic", "and", "carcinogenic", "effects", "on", "humans", "and", "animals", "remain", "questionable", ",", "because", "FZ", "has", "been", "biotransformed", "into", "other", "metabolites", ".", "The", "mechanisms", "of", "FZ", "in", "the", "treatment", "of", "peptic", "ulcer", "disease", "are", "not", "fully", "understood", ",", "perhaps", "partly", "due", "to", "the", "monoamine", "oxidase", "(", "MAO", ")", "inhibitory", "reaction", "and", "partly", "to", "the", "antibacterial", "activity", "to", "Helicobacter", "pylori", "(", "HP", ")", ".", "The", "long", "-", "term", "effects", "of", "FZ", "are", "still", "not", "clear", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sex" ]
peptic ulcer disease is a Outcome_Physical, furazolidone . Furazolidone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, human is a Participant_Sex, animal ulcers . is a Outcome_Physical, ulcer healing is a Outcome_Physical, tolerated is a Outcome_Other, mutagenic is a Outcome_Other, carcinogenic is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction is a Outcome_Physical, antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori is a Outcome_Physical	14419_task1	Sentence: Treatment of peptic ulcer disease with furazolidone . Furazolidone ( FZ ) has been used in China as a treatment of peptic ulcer disease for about 20 years . Clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has good short-term and long-term effects on both human and animal ulcers . The ulcer healing rate is related to the dosage and course of treatment . The healing rate of a high dose , 2 week course is about 70-75 % and the relapse rate after 3 years is 9.5 % . The adverse reactions to FZ are not severe , and are well tolerated in most patients . However the mutagenic studies of several biological systems indicate that it has a mutagenic effect , but the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on humans and animals remain questionable , because FZ has been biotransformed into other metabolites . The mechanisms of FZ in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease are not fully understood , perhaps partly due to the monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction and partly to the antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori ( HP ) . The long-term effects of FZ are still not clear . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: peptic ulcer disease, furazolidone . Furazolidone, human, animal ulcers ., ulcer healing, tolerated, mutagenic, carcinogenic, monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction, antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Sex, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sex", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Treatment of peptic ulcer disease with furazolidone . Furazolidone ( FZ ) has been used in China as a treatment of peptic ulcer disease for about 20 years . Clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has good short-term and long-term effects on both human and animal ulcers . The ulcer healing rate is related to the dosage and course of treatment . The healing rate of a high dose , 2 week course is about 70-75 % and the relapse rate after 3 years is 9.5 % . The adverse reactions to FZ are not severe , and are well tolerated in most patients . However the mutagenic studies of several biological systems indicate that it has a mutagenic effect , but the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on humans and animals remain questionable , because FZ has been biotransformed into other metabolites . The mechanisms of FZ in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease are not fully understood , perhaps partly due to the monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction and partly to the antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori ( HP ) . The long-term effects of FZ are still not clear .	[ "Treatment", "of", "peptic", "ulcer", "disease", "with", "furazolidone", ".", "Furazolidone", "(", "FZ", ")", "has", "been", "used", "in", "China", "as", "a", "treatment", "of", "peptic", "ulcer", "disease", "for", "about", "20", "years", ".", "Clinical", "and", "experimental", "studies", "suggest", "that", "it", "has", "good", "short", "-", "term", "and", "long", "-", "term", "effects", "on", "both", "human", "and", "animal", "ulcers", ".", "The", "ulcer", "healing", "rate", "is", "related", "to", "the", "dosage", "and", "course", "of", "treatment", ".", "The", "healing", "rate", "of", "a", "high", "dose", ",", "2", "week", "course", "is", "about", "70", "-", "75", "%", "and", "the", "relapse", "rate", "after", "3", "years", "is", "9.5", "%", ".", "The", "adverse", "reactions", "to", "FZ", "are", "not", "severe", ",", "and", "are", "well", "tolerated", "in", "most", "patients", ".", "However", "the", "mutagenic", "studies", "of", "several", "biological", "systems", "indicate", "that", "it", "has", "a", "mutagenic", "effect", ",", "but", "the", "mutagenic", "and", "carcinogenic", "effects", "on", "humans", "and", "animals", "remain", "questionable", ",", "because", "FZ", "has", "been", "biotransformed", "into", "other", "metabolites", ".", "The", "mechanisms", "of", "FZ", "in", "the", "treatment", "of", "peptic", "ulcer", "disease", "are", "not", "fully", "understood", ",", "perhaps", "partly", "due", "to", "the", "monoamine", "oxidase", "(", "MAO", ")", "inhibitory", "reaction", "and", "partly", "to", "the", "antibacterial", "activity", "to", "Helicobacter", "pylori", "(", "HP", ")", ".", "The", "long", "-", "term", "effects", "of", "FZ", "are", "still", "not", "clear", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sex" ]
peptic ulcer disease, furazolidone . Furazolidone, human, animal ulcers ., ulcer healing, tolerated, mutagenic, carcinogenic, monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction, antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori	14419_task2	Sentence: Treatment of peptic ulcer disease with furazolidone . Furazolidone ( FZ ) has been used in China as a treatment of peptic ulcer disease for about 20 years . Clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has good short-term and long-term effects on both human and animal ulcers . The ulcer healing rate is related to the dosage and course of treatment . The healing rate of a high dose , 2 week course is about 70-75 % and the relapse rate after 3 years is 9.5 % . The adverse reactions to FZ are not severe , and are well tolerated in most patients . However the mutagenic studies of several biological systems indicate that it has a mutagenic effect , but the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on humans and animals remain questionable , because FZ has been biotransformed into other metabolites . The mechanisms of FZ in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease are not fully understood , perhaps partly due to the monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction and partly to the antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori ( HP ) . The long-term effects of FZ are still not clear . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sex", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Treatment of peptic ulcer disease with furazolidone . Furazolidone ( FZ ) has been used in China as a treatment of peptic ulcer disease for about 20 years . Clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has good short-term and long-term effects on both human and animal ulcers . The ulcer healing rate is related to the dosage and course of treatment . The healing rate of a high dose , 2 week course is about 70-75 % and the relapse rate after 3 years is 9.5 % . The adverse reactions to FZ are not severe , and are well tolerated in most patients . However the mutagenic studies of several biological systems indicate that it has a mutagenic effect , but the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on humans and animals remain questionable , because FZ has been biotransformed into other metabolites . The mechanisms of FZ in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease are not fully understood , perhaps partly due to the monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction and partly to the antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori ( HP ) . The long-term effects of FZ are still not clear .	[ "Treatment", "of", "peptic", "ulcer", "disease", "with", "furazolidone", ".", "Furazolidone", "(", "FZ", ")", "has", "been", "used", "in", "China", "as", "a", "treatment", "of", "peptic", "ulcer", "disease", "for", "about", "20", "years", ".", "Clinical", "and", "experimental", "studies", "suggest", "that", "it", "has", "good", "short", "-", "term", "and", "long", "-", "term", "effects", "on", "both", "human", "and", "animal", "ulcers", ".", "The", "ulcer", "healing", "rate", "is", "related", "to", "the", "dosage", "and", "course", "of", "treatment", ".", "The", "healing", "rate", "of", "a", "high", "dose", ",", "2", "week", "course", "is", "about", "70", "-", "75", "%", "and", "the", "relapse", "rate", "after", "3", "years", "is", "9.5", "%", ".", "The", "adverse", "reactions", "to", "FZ", "are", "not", "severe", ",", "and", "are", "well", "tolerated", "in", "most", "patients", ".", "However", "the", "mutagenic", "studies", "of", "several", "biological", "systems", "indicate", "that", "it", "has", "a", "mutagenic", "effect", ",", "but", "the", "mutagenic", "and", "carcinogenic", "effects", "on", "humans", "and", "animals", "remain", "questionable", ",", "because", "FZ", "has", "been", "biotransformed", "into", "other", "metabolites", ".", "The", "mechanisms", "of", "FZ", "in", "the", "treatment", "of", "peptic", "ulcer", "disease", "are", "not", "fully", "understood", ",", "perhaps", "partly", "due", "to", "the", "monoamine", "oxidase", "(", "MAO", ")", "inhibitory", "reaction", "and", "partly", "to", "the", "antibacterial", "activity", "to", "Helicobacter", "pylori", "(", "HP", ")", ".", "The", "long", "-", "term", "effects", "of", "FZ", "are", "still", "not", "clear", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sex" ]
Cobicistat is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Ritonavir is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Atazanavir is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Combination With Emtricitabine / Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, COBI is a Intervention_Pharmacological, efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, ritonavir ( RTV ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine / tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, HIV treatment - naive patients is a Participant_Condition, virologic suppression is a Outcome_Physical, Adverse events is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, changes in serum creatinine is a Outcome_Physical	72147_task0	Sentence: Brief Report : Cobicistat Compared With Ritonavir as a Pharmacoenhancer for Atazanavir in Combination With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate : Week 144 Results . BACKGROUND Cobicistat ( COBI ) is a pharmacoenhancer with no antiretroviral activity . METHODS International , randomized double-blind active-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of COBI vs ritonavir ( RTV ) as a pharmacoenhancer of atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in HIV treatment-naive patients followed through week 144 . RESULTS At Week 144 , virologic suppression was achieved in 72 % ( COBI ) and 74 % ( RTV ) of patients . Adverse events leading to study drug discontinuation occurred in 11 % of patients in each group . Median changes in serum creatinine ( mg/dL ) were +0.13 ( COBI ) and +0.07 ( RTV ) and were unchanged from week 48 . CONCLUSIONS Once-daily COBI is a safe and effective pharmacoenhancer of the protease inhibitor atazanavir . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Brief Report : Cobicistat Compared With Ritonavir as a Pharmacoenhancer for Atazanavir in Combination With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate : Week 144 Results . BACKGROUND Cobicistat ( COBI ) is a pharmacoenhancer with no antiretroviral activity . METHODS International , randomized double-blind active-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of COBI vs ritonavir ( RTV ) as a pharmacoenhancer of atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in HIV treatment-naive patients followed through week 144 . RESULTS At Week 144 , virologic suppression was achieved in 72 % ( COBI ) and 74 % ( RTV ) of patients . Adverse events leading to study drug discontinuation occurred in 11 % of patients in each group . Median changes in serum creatinine ( mg/dL ) were +0.13 ( COBI ) and +0.07 ( RTV ) and were unchanged from week 48 . CONCLUSIONS Once-daily COBI is a safe and effective pharmacoenhancer of the protease inhibitor atazanavir .	[ "Brief", "Report", ":", "Cobicistat", "Compared", "With", "Ritonavir", "as", "a", "Pharmacoenhancer", "for", "Atazanavir", "in", "Combination", "With", "Emtricitabine", "/", "Tenofovir", "Disoproxil", "Fumarate", ":", "Week", "144", "Results", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Cobicistat", "(", "COBI", ")", "is", "a", "pharmacoenhancer", "with", "no", "antiretroviral", "activity", ".", "METHODS", "International", ",", "randomized", "double", "-", "blind", "active", "-", "controlled", "trial", "to", "evaluate", "the", "efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "COBI", "vs", "ritonavir", "(", "RTV", ")", "as", "a", "pharmacoenhancer", "of", "atazanavir", "in", "combination", "with", "emtricitabine", "/", "tenofovir", "disoproxil", "fumarate", "in", "HIV", "treatment", "-", "naive", "patients", "followed", "through", "week", "144", ".", "RESULTS", "At", "Week", "144", ",", "virologic", "suppression", "was", "achieved", "in", "72", "%", "(", "COBI", ")", "and", "74", "%", "(", "RTV", ")", "of", "patients", ".", "Adverse", "events", "leading", "to", "study", "drug", "discontinuation", "occurred", "in", "11", "%", "of", "patients", "in", "each", "group", ".", "Median", "changes", "in", "serum", "creatinine", "(", "mg", "/", "dL", ")", "were", "+0.13", "(", "COBI", ")", "and", "+0.07", "(", "RTV", ")", "and", "were", "unchanged", "from", "week", "48", ".", "CONCLUSIONS", "Once", "-", "daily", "COBI", "is", "a", "safe", "and", "effective", "pharmacoenhancer", "of", "the", "protease", "inhibitor", "atazanavir", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects" ]
Cobicistat is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Ritonavir is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Atazanavir is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Combination With Emtricitabine / Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, COBI is a Intervention_Pharmacological, efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, ritonavir ( RTV ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine / tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, HIV treatment - naive patients is a Participant_Condition, virologic suppression is a Outcome_Physical, Adverse events is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, changes in serum creatinine is a Outcome_Physical	72147_task1	Sentence: Brief Report : Cobicistat Compared With Ritonavir as a Pharmacoenhancer for Atazanavir in Combination With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate : Week 144 Results . BACKGROUND Cobicistat ( COBI ) is a pharmacoenhancer with no antiretroviral activity . METHODS International , randomized double-blind active-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of COBI vs ritonavir ( RTV ) as a pharmacoenhancer of atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in HIV treatment-naive patients followed through week 144 . RESULTS At Week 144 , virologic suppression was achieved in 72 % ( COBI ) and 74 % ( RTV ) of patients . Adverse events leading to study drug discontinuation occurred in 11 % of patients in each group . Median changes in serum creatinine ( mg/dL ) were +0.13 ( COBI ) and +0.07 ( RTV ) and were unchanged from week 48 . CONCLUSIONS Once-daily COBI is a safe and effective pharmacoenhancer of the protease inhibitor atazanavir . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Cobicistat, Ritonavir, Atazanavir, Combination With Emtricitabine / Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, COBI, efficacy and safety, ritonavir ( RTV ), atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine / tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, HIV treatment - naive patients, virologic suppression, Adverse events, changes in serum creatinine Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Brief Report : Cobicistat Compared With Ritonavir as a Pharmacoenhancer for Atazanavir in Combination With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate : Week 144 Results . BACKGROUND Cobicistat ( COBI ) is a pharmacoenhancer with no antiretroviral activity . METHODS International , randomized double-blind active-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of COBI vs ritonavir ( RTV ) as a pharmacoenhancer of atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in HIV treatment-naive patients followed through week 144 . RESULTS At Week 144 , virologic suppression was achieved in 72 % ( COBI ) and 74 % ( RTV ) of patients . Adverse events leading to study drug discontinuation occurred in 11 % of patients in each group . Median changes in serum creatinine ( mg/dL ) were +0.13 ( COBI ) and +0.07 ( RTV ) and were unchanged from week 48 . CONCLUSIONS Once-daily COBI is a safe and effective pharmacoenhancer of the protease inhibitor atazanavir .	[ "Brief", "Report", ":", "Cobicistat", "Compared", "With", "Ritonavir", "as", "a", "Pharmacoenhancer", "for", "Atazanavir", "in", "Combination", "With", "Emtricitabine", "/", "Tenofovir", "Disoproxil", "Fumarate", ":", "Week", "144", "Results", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Cobicistat", "(", "COBI", ")", "is", "a", "pharmacoenhancer", "with", "no", "antiretroviral", "activity", ".", "METHODS", "International", ",", "randomized", "double", "-", "blind", "active", "-", "controlled", "trial", "to", "evaluate", "the", "efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "COBI", "vs", "ritonavir", "(", "RTV", ")", "as", "a", "pharmacoenhancer", "of", "atazanavir", "in", "combination", "with", "emtricitabine", "/", "tenofovir", "disoproxil", "fumarate", "in", "HIV", "treatment", "-", "naive", "patients", "followed", "through", "week", "144", ".", "RESULTS", "At", "Week", "144", ",", "virologic", "suppression", "was", "achieved", "in", "72", "%", "(", "COBI", ")", "and", "74", "%", "(", "RTV", ")", "of", "patients", ".", "Adverse", "events", "leading", "to", "study", "drug", "discontinuation", "occurred", "in", "11", "%", "of", "patients", "in", "each", "group", ".", "Median", "changes", "in", "serum", "creatinine", "(", "mg", "/", "dL", ")", "were", "+0.13", "(", "COBI", ")", "and", "+0.07", "(", "RTV", ")", "and", "were", "unchanged", "from", "week", "48", ".", "CONCLUSIONS", "Once", "-", "daily", "COBI", "is", "a", "safe", "and", "effective", "pharmacoenhancer", "of", "the", "protease", "inhibitor", "atazanavir", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects" ]
Cobicistat, Ritonavir, Atazanavir, Combination With Emtricitabine / Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, COBI, efficacy and safety, ritonavir ( RTV ), atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine / tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, HIV treatment - naive patients, virologic suppression, Adverse events, changes in serum creatinine	72147_task2	Sentence: Brief Report : Cobicistat Compared With Ritonavir as a Pharmacoenhancer for Atazanavir in Combination With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate : Week 144 Results . BACKGROUND Cobicistat ( COBI ) is a pharmacoenhancer with no antiretroviral activity . METHODS International , randomized double-blind active-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of COBI vs ritonavir ( RTV ) as a pharmacoenhancer of atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in HIV treatment-naive patients followed through week 144 . RESULTS At Week 144 , virologic suppression was achieved in 72 % ( COBI ) and 74 % ( RTV ) of patients . Adverse events leading to study drug discontinuation occurred in 11 % of patients in each group . Median changes in serum creatinine ( mg/dL ) were +0.13 ( COBI ) and +0.07 ( RTV ) and were unchanged from week 48 . CONCLUSIONS Once-daily COBI is a safe and effective pharmacoenhancer of the protease inhibitor atazanavir . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Brief Report : Cobicistat Compared With Ritonavir as a Pharmacoenhancer for Atazanavir in Combination With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate : Week 144 Results . BACKGROUND Cobicistat ( COBI ) is a pharmacoenhancer with no antiretroviral activity . METHODS International , randomized double-blind active-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of COBI vs ritonavir ( RTV ) as a pharmacoenhancer of atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in HIV treatment-naive patients followed through week 144 . RESULTS At Week 144 , virologic suppression was achieved in 72 % ( COBI ) and 74 % ( RTV ) of patients . Adverse events leading to study drug discontinuation occurred in 11 % of patients in each group . Median changes in serum creatinine ( mg/dL ) were +0.13 ( COBI ) and +0.07 ( RTV ) and were unchanged from week 48 . CONCLUSIONS Once-daily COBI is a safe and effective pharmacoenhancer of the protease inhibitor atazanavir .	[ "Brief", "Report", ":", "Cobicistat", "Compared", "With", "Ritonavir", "as", "a", "Pharmacoenhancer", "for", "Atazanavir", "in", "Combination", "With", "Emtricitabine", "/", "Tenofovir", "Disoproxil", "Fumarate", ":", "Week", "144", "Results", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Cobicistat", "(", "COBI", ")", "is", "a", "pharmacoenhancer", "with", "no", "antiretroviral", "activity", ".", "METHODS", "International", ",", "randomized", "double", "-", "blind", "active", "-", "controlled", "trial", "to", "evaluate", "the", "efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "COBI", "vs", "ritonavir", "(", "RTV", ")", "as", "a", "pharmacoenhancer", "of", "atazanavir", "in", "combination", "with", "emtricitabine", "/", "tenofovir", "disoproxil", "fumarate", "in", "HIV", "treatment", "-", "naive", "patients", "followed", "through", "week", "144", ".", "RESULTS", "At", "Week", "144", ",", "virologic", "suppression", "was", "achieved", "in", "72", "%", "(", "COBI", ")", "and", "74", "%", "(", "RTV", ")", "of", "patients", ".", "Adverse", "events", "leading", "to", "study", "drug", "discontinuation", "occurred", "in", "11", "%", "of", "patients", "in", "each", "group", ".", "Median", "changes", "in", "serum", "creatinine", "(", "mg", "/", "dL", ")", "were", "+0.13", "(", "COBI", ")", "and", "+0.07", "(", "RTV", ")", "and", "were", "unchanged", "from", "week", "48", ".", "CONCLUSIONS", "Once", "-", "daily", "COBI", "is", "a", "safe", "and", "effective", "pharmacoenhancer", "of", "the", "protease", "inhibitor", "atazanavir", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects" ]
Malaria is an umlsterm, parasitic is an umlsterm, infection is an umlsterm, Malaria is an umlsterm, causes of death is an umlsterm	MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.81461167.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Malaria is still the most important parasitic infection and , as Malaria tropica , one of the major causes of death in tropical countries . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Malaria is still the most important parasitic infection and , as Malaria tropica , one of the major causes of death in tropical countries .	[ "Malaria", "is", "still", "the", "most", "important", "parasitic", "infection", "and", ",", "as", "Malaria", "tropica", ",", "one", "of", "the", "major", "causes", "of", "death", "in", "tropical", "countries", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Malaria is an umlsterm, parasitic is an umlsterm, infection is an umlsterm, Malaria is an umlsterm, causes of death is an umlsterm	MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.81461167.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Malaria is still the most important parasitic infection and , as Malaria tropica , one of the major causes of death in tropical countries . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Malaria, parasitic, infection, Malaria, causes of death Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Malaria is still the most important parasitic infection and , as Malaria tropica , one of the major causes of death in tropical countries .	[ "Malaria", "is", "still", "the", "most", "important", "parasitic", "infection", "and", ",", "as", "Malaria", "tropica", ",", "one", "of", "the", "major", "causes", "of", "death", "in", "tropical", "countries", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Malaria, parasitic, infection, Malaria, causes of death	MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.81461167.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Malaria is still the most important parasitic infection and , as Malaria tropica , one of the major causes of death in tropical countries . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Malaria is still the most important parasitic infection and , as Malaria tropica , one of the major causes of death in tropical countries .	[ "Malaria", "is", "still", "the", "most", "important", "parasitic", "infection", "and", ",", "as", "Malaria", "tropica", ",", "one", "of", "the", "major", "causes", "of", "death", "in", "tropical", "countries", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
pharynx is an umlsterm, diagnostic imaging is an umlsterm, MRI is an umlsterm, frequency is an umlsterm, malformations is an umlsterm, inflammation is an umlsterm, trauma is an umlsterm, dysphagia is an umlsterm, neoplasia is an umlsterm, diseases is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, goal is an umlsterm, diagnostic imaging is an umlsterm, pharynx is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, otorhinolaryngology is an umlsterm, radiology is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, vessels is an umlsterm, nerves is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm	DerRadiologe.00400596.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Pathological conditions of the pharynx requiring diagnostic imaging ( CT and/or MRI ) are in increasing frequency malformations , inflammation , trauma , dysphagia and neoplasia . For neoplastic diseases CT/MRI are of major importance for pretherapeutical staging . Furthermore they should be used routinely in tumor follow up . Primary goal of diagnostic imaging of the pharynx is the analysis of submucosal structures that are not visible by clinical means . The close cooperation between otorhinolaryngology and radiology is necessary to define size , extent of tumor spread , infiltration and/or destruction of vital structures ( vessels , nerves ) , leading to an individual therapeutic regimen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Pathological conditions of the pharynx requiring diagnostic imaging ( CT and/or MRI ) are in increasing frequency malformations , inflammation , trauma , dysphagia and neoplasia . For neoplastic diseases CT/MRI are of major importance for pretherapeutical staging . Furthermore they should be used routinely in tumor follow up . Primary goal of diagnostic imaging of the pharynx is the analysis of submucosal structures that are not visible by clinical means . The close cooperation between otorhinolaryngology and radiology is necessary to define size , extent of tumor spread , infiltration and/or destruction of vital structures ( vessels , nerves ) , leading to an individual therapeutic regimen .	[ "Pathological", "conditions", "of", "the", "pharynx", "requiring", "diagnostic", "imaging", "(", "CT", "and", "/", "or", "MRI", ")", "are", "in", "increasing", "frequency", "malformations", ",", "inflammation", ",", "trauma", ",", "dysphagia", "and", "neoplasia", ".", "For", "neoplastic", "diseases", "CT", "/", "MRI", "are", "of", "major", "importance", "for", "pretherapeutical", "staging", ".", "Furthermore", "they", "should", "be", "used", "routinely", "in", "tumor", "follow", "up", ".", "Primary", "goal", "of", "diagnostic", "imaging", "of", "the", "pharynx", "is", "the", "analysis", "of", "submucosal", "structures", "that", "are", "not", "visible", "by", "clinical", "means", ".", "The", "close", "cooperation", "between", "otorhinolaryngology", "and", "radiology", "is", "necessary", "to", "define", "size", ",", "extent", "of", "tumor", "spread", ",", "infiltration", "and", "/", "or", "destruction", "of", "vital", "structures", "(", "vessels", ",", "nerves", ")", ",", "leading", "to", "an", "individual", "therapeutic", "regimen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
pharynx is an umlsterm, diagnostic imaging is an umlsterm, MRI is an umlsterm, frequency is an umlsterm, malformations is an umlsterm, inflammation is an umlsterm, trauma is an umlsterm, dysphagia is an umlsterm, neoplasia is an umlsterm, diseases is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, goal is an umlsterm, diagnostic imaging is an umlsterm, pharynx is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, otorhinolaryngology is an umlsterm, radiology is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, vessels is an umlsterm, nerves is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm	DerRadiologe.00400596.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Pathological conditions of the pharynx requiring diagnostic imaging ( CT and/or MRI ) are in increasing frequency malformations , inflammation , trauma , dysphagia and neoplasia . For neoplastic diseases CT/MRI are of major importance for pretherapeutical staging . Furthermore they should be used routinely in tumor follow up . Primary goal of diagnostic imaging of the pharynx is the analysis of submucosal structures that are not visible by clinical means . The close cooperation between otorhinolaryngology and radiology is necessary to define size , extent of tumor spread , infiltration and/or destruction of vital structures ( vessels , nerves ) , leading to an individual therapeutic regimen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: pharynx, diagnostic imaging, MRI, frequency, malformations, inflammation, trauma, dysphagia, neoplasia, diseases, tumor, goal, diagnostic imaging, pharynx, analysis, otorhinolaryngology, radiology, tumor, vessels, nerves, therapeutic Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Pathological conditions of the pharynx requiring diagnostic imaging ( CT and/or MRI ) are in increasing frequency malformations , inflammation , trauma , dysphagia and neoplasia . For neoplastic diseases CT/MRI are of major importance for pretherapeutical staging . Furthermore they should be used routinely in tumor follow up . Primary goal of diagnostic imaging of the pharynx is the analysis of submucosal structures that are not visible by clinical means . The close cooperation between otorhinolaryngology and radiology is necessary to define size , extent of tumor spread , infiltration and/or destruction of vital structures ( vessels , nerves ) , leading to an individual therapeutic regimen .	[ "Pathological", "conditions", "of", "the", "pharynx", "requiring", "diagnostic", "imaging", "(", "CT", "and", "/", "or", "MRI", ")", "are", "in", "increasing", "frequency", "malformations", ",", "inflammation", ",", "trauma", ",", "dysphagia", "and", "neoplasia", ".", "For", "neoplastic", "diseases", "CT", "/", "MRI", "are", "of", "major", "importance", "for", "pretherapeutical", "staging", ".", "Furthermore", "they", "should", "be", "used", "routinely", "in", "tumor", "follow", "up", ".", "Primary", "goal", "of", "diagnostic", "imaging", "of", "the", "pharynx", "is", "the", "analysis", "of", "submucosal", "structures", "that", "are", "not", "visible", "by", "clinical", "means", ".", "The", "close", "cooperation", "between", "otorhinolaryngology", "and", "radiology", "is", "necessary", "to", "define", "size", ",", "extent", "of", "tumor", "spread", ",", "infiltration", "and", "/", "or", "destruction", "of", "vital", "structures", "(", "vessels", ",", "nerves", ")", ",", "leading", "to", "an", "individual", "therapeutic", "regimen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
pharynx, diagnostic imaging, MRI, frequency, malformations, inflammation, trauma, dysphagia, neoplasia, diseases, tumor, goal, diagnostic imaging, pharynx, analysis, otorhinolaryngology, radiology, tumor, vessels, nerves, therapeutic	DerRadiologe.00400596.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Pathological conditions of the pharynx requiring diagnostic imaging ( CT and/or MRI ) are in increasing frequency malformations , inflammation , trauma , dysphagia and neoplasia . For neoplastic diseases CT/MRI are of major importance for pretherapeutical staging . Furthermore they should be used routinely in tumor follow up . Primary goal of diagnostic imaging of the pharynx is the analysis of submucosal structures that are not visible by clinical means . The close cooperation between otorhinolaryngology and radiology is necessary to define size , extent of tumor spread , infiltration and/or destruction of vital structures ( vessels , nerves ) , leading to an individual therapeutic regimen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]	Pathological conditions of the pharynx requiring diagnostic imaging ( CT and/or MRI ) are in increasing frequency malformations , inflammation , trauma , dysphagia and neoplasia . For neoplastic diseases CT/MRI are of major importance for pretherapeutical staging . Furthermore they should be used routinely in tumor follow up . Primary goal of diagnostic imaging of the pharynx is the analysis of submucosal structures that are not visible by clinical means . The close cooperation between otorhinolaryngology and radiology is necessary to define size , extent of tumor spread , infiltration and/or destruction of vital structures ( vessels , nerves ) , leading to an individual therapeutic regimen .	[ "Pathological", "conditions", "of", "the", "pharynx", "requiring", "diagnostic", "imaging", "(", "CT", "and", "/", "or", "MRI", ")", "are", "in", "increasing", "frequency", "malformations", ",", "inflammation", ",", "trauma", ",", "dysphagia", "and", "neoplasia", ".", "For", "neoplastic", "diseases", "CT", "/", "MRI", "are", "of", "major", "importance", "for", "pretherapeutical", "staging", ".", "Furthermore", "they", "should", "be", "used", "routinely", "in", "tumor", "follow", "up", ".", "Primary", "goal", "of", "diagnostic", "imaging", "of", "the", "pharynx", "is", "the", "analysis", "of", "submucosal", "structures", "that", "are", "not", "visible", "by", "clinical", "means", ".", "The", "close", "cooperation", "between", "otorhinolaryngology", "and", "radiology", "is", "necessary", "to", "define", "size", ",", "extent", "of", "tumor", "spread", ",", "infiltration", "and", "/", "or", "destruction", "of", "vital", "structures", "(", "vessels", ",", "nerves", ")", ",", "leading", "to", "an", "individual", "therapeutic", "regimen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Age is a Person, 18 or older is a Value, acromegaly is a Condition, GH - secreting pituitary adenoma is a Condition, sellar MRI is a Procedure, biochemical criteria outlined above is a Qualifier, typical is a Qualifier, acromegalic features is a Condition, No is a Negation, prior is a Temporal, somatostatin analogues is a Drug	NCT02427295_inc_task0	Sentence: Age 18 or older. Patients diagnosed with acromegaly with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma on sellar MRI, meeting the biochemical criteria outlined above (refer to 1. Diagnosis of acromegaly) and with typical acromegalic features. No prior use of somatostatin analogues. Adequate hepatic and renal function Provision of a signed written informed consent Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Temporal, Condition, Qualifier, Value, Person, Procedure, Negation, Drug	[ "B-Person", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Negation", "B-Temporal", "O", "O", "B-Drug", "I-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Age 18 or older. Patients diagnosed with acromegaly with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma on sellar MRI, meeting the biochemical criteria outlined above (refer to 1. Diagnosis of acromegaly) and with typical acromegalic features. No prior use of somatostatin analogues. Adequate hepatic and renal function Provision of a signed written informed consent	[ "Age", "18", "or", "older", ".", "\n", "Patients", "diagnosed", "with", "acromegaly", "with", "GH", "-", "secreting", "pituitary", "adenoma", "on", "sellar", "MRI", ",", "meeting", "the", "biochemical", "criteria", "outlined", "above", "(", "refer", "to", "1", ".", "Diagnosis", "of", "acromegaly", ")", "and", "with", "typical", "acromegalic", "features", ".", "\n", "No", "prior", "use", "of", "somatostatin", "analogues", ".", "\n", "Adequate", "hepatic", "and", "renal", "function", "\n", "Provision", "of", "a", "signed", "written", "informed", "consent", "\n" ]	[ "Qualifier", "Condition", "Drug", "Value", "Procedure", "Temporal", "Person", "Negation" ]
Age is a Person, 18 or older is a Value, acromegaly is a Condition, GH - secreting pituitary adenoma is a Condition, sellar MRI is a Procedure, biochemical criteria outlined above is a Qualifier, typical is a Qualifier, acromegalic features is a Condition, No is a Negation, prior is a Temporal, somatostatin analogues is a Drug	NCT02427295_inc_task1	Sentence: Age 18 or older. Patients diagnosed with acromegaly with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma on sellar MRI, meeting the biochemical criteria outlined above (refer to 1. Diagnosis of acromegaly) and with typical acromegalic features. No prior use of somatostatin analogues. Adequate hepatic and renal function Provision of a signed written informed consent Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Age, 18 or older, acromegaly, GH - secreting pituitary adenoma, sellar MRI, biochemical criteria outlined above, typical, acromegalic features, No, prior, somatostatin analogues Options: Temporal, Condition, Qualifier, Value, Person, Procedure, Negation, Drug	[ "B-Person", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Negation", "B-Temporal", "O", "O", "B-Drug", "I-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Age 18 or older. Patients diagnosed with acromegaly with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma on sellar MRI, meeting the biochemical criteria outlined above (refer to 1. Diagnosis of acromegaly) and with typical acromegalic features. No prior use of somatostatin analogues. Adequate hepatic and renal function Provision of a signed written informed consent	[ "Age", "18", "or", "older", ".", "\n", "Patients", "diagnosed", "with", "acromegaly", "with", "GH", "-", "secreting", "pituitary", "adenoma", "on", "sellar", "MRI", ",", "meeting", "the", "biochemical", "criteria", "outlined", "above", "(", "refer", "to", "1", ".", "Diagnosis", "of", "acromegaly", ")", "and", "with", "typical", "acromegalic", "features", ".", "\n", "No", "prior", "use", "of", "somatostatin", "analogues", ".", "\n", "Adequate", "hepatic", "and", "renal", "function", "\n", "Provision", "of", "a", "signed", "written", "informed", "consent", "\n" ]	[ "Qualifier", "Condition", "Drug", "Value", "Procedure", "Temporal", "Person", "Negation" ]
Age, 18 or older, acromegaly, GH - secreting pituitary adenoma, sellar MRI, biochemical criteria outlined above, typical, acromegalic features, No, prior, somatostatin analogues	NCT02427295_inc_task2	Sentence: Age 18 or older. Patients diagnosed with acromegaly with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma on sellar MRI, meeting the biochemical criteria outlined above (refer to 1. Diagnosis of acromegaly) and with typical acromegalic features. No prior use of somatostatin analogues. Adequate hepatic and renal function Provision of a signed written informed consent Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Person", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "I-Qualifier", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Negation", "B-Temporal", "O", "O", "B-Drug", "I-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Age 18 or older. Patients diagnosed with acromegaly with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma on sellar MRI, meeting the biochemical criteria outlined above (refer to 1. Diagnosis of acromegaly) and with typical acromegalic features. No prior use of somatostatin analogues. Adequate hepatic and renal function Provision of a signed written informed consent	[ "Age", "18", "or", "older", ".", "\n", "Patients", "diagnosed", "with", "acromegaly", "with", "GH", "-", "secreting", "pituitary", "adenoma", "on", "sellar", "MRI", ",", "meeting", "the", "biochemical", "criteria", "outlined", "above", "(", "refer", "to", "1", ".", "Diagnosis", "of", "acromegaly", ")", "and", "with", "typical", "acromegalic", "features", ".", "\n", "No", "prior", "use", "of", "somatostatin", "analogues", ".", "\n", "Adequate", "hepatic", "and", "renal", "function", "\n", "Provision", "of", "a", "signed", "written", "informed", "consent", "\n" ]	[ "Qualifier", "Condition", "Drug", "Value", "Procedure", "Temporal", "Person", "Negation" ]
Akutkrankenhaus is an umlsterm, Schlaganfall is an umlsterm, notfallmaessigen is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Ultraschalldiagnostik is an umlsterm, EKG is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Blutdruck is an umlsterm, EKG is an umlsterm, Dopplersonographie is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, zerebraler Ischaemie is an umlsterm, Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten is an umlsterm, Blutdruckschwankungen is an umlsterm, gezielte is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Hypotension is an umlsterm, zerebralen Oedems is an umlsterm, kardialer Arrhythmien is an umlsterm, Dopplersonographie is an umlsterm, Hirninfarktpatienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Hirninfarktpatienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm	DerNervenarzt.70680122.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Wir untersuchten die Effekte einer Stroke Unit in einem neurologischen Akutkrankenhaus auf das Outcome und die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts nach akutem Schlaganfall . Nach einer notfallmaessigen Diagnostik bei der Aufnahme einschliesslich CCT , Ultraschalldiagnostik und EKG wurden die Patienten auf einer spezialisierten Stroke Unit fuer durchschnittlich 3,9 Tage behandelt . Fuer 48 +/- 24 h erfolgte ein Monitoring von Blutdruck , EKG , pO2 und transkranialer Dopplersonographie . Durch die Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit liess sich die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts von durchschnittlich 15,8 Tagen in dem Zeitraum vor Einrichtung der Stroke Unit auf 12,9 Tage verkuerzen . Dieser Effekt war besonders ausgepraegt bei Patienten mit akutem Verschluss intrakranialer Gefaesse ( vor der Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit : n = 33 ; Krankenhausaufenthalt fuer 22,5 Tage ; nach Einrichtung der Stroke Unit : n = 54 ; Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts 13,9 Tage ) . Eine klinische Verschlechterung bei Patienten mit akuter zerebraler Ischaemie zeigte sich bei einer Reduktion der Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten durch Blutdruckschwankungen oder zerebrale Raumforderung . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit machte die sofortige gezielte Behandlung einer systemischen Hypotension , eines zerebralen Oedems bzw. kardialer Arrhythmien moeglich . Das Monitoring mittels transkranialer Dopplersonographie zeigte HITS bei 6 von 55 akuten Hirninfarktpatienten , ohne dass neue neurologische Symptome oder eine Befundverschlechterung auftraten . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit verbessert die spezifische Behandlung akuter Hirninfarktpatienten . Die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts laesst sich durch die Behandlung auf einer Stroke Unit verkuerzen . 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Nach einer notfallmaessigen Diagnostik bei der Aufnahme einschliesslich CCT , Ultraschalldiagnostik und EKG wurden die Patienten auf einer spezialisierten Stroke Unit fuer durchschnittlich 3,9 Tage behandelt . Fuer 48 +/- 24 h erfolgte ein Monitoring von Blutdruck , EKG , pO2 und transkranialer Dopplersonographie . Durch die Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit liess sich die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts von durchschnittlich 15,8 Tagen in dem Zeitraum vor Einrichtung der Stroke Unit auf 12,9 Tage verkuerzen . Dieser Effekt war besonders ausgepraegt bei Patienten mit akutem Verschluss intrakranialer Gefaesse ( vor der Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit : n = 33 ; Krankenhausaufenthalt fuer 22,5 Tage ; nach Einrichtung der Stroke Unit : n = 54 ; Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts 13,9 Tage ) . Eine klinische Verschlechterung bei Patienten mit akuter zerebraler Ischaemie zeigte sich bei einer Reduktion der Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten durch Blutdruckschwankungen oder zerebrale Raumforderung . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit machte die sofortige gezielte Behandlung einer systemischen Hypotension , eines zerebralen Oedems bzw. kardialer Arrhythmien moeglich . Das Monitoring mittels transkranialer Dopplersonographie zeigte HITS bei 6 von 55 akuten Hirninfarktpatienten , ohne dass neue neurologische Symptome oder eine Befundverschlechterung auftraten . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit verbessert die spezifische Behandlung akuter Hirninfarktpatienten . Die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts laesst sich durch die Behandlung auf einer Stroke Unit verkuerzen .	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Akutkrankenhaus is an umlsterm, Schlaganfall is an umlsterm, notfallmaessigen is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Ultraschalldiagnostik is an umlsterm, EKG is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Blutdruck is an umlsterm, EKG is an umlsterm, Dopplersonographie is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, zerebraler Ischaemie is an umlsterm, Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten is an umlsterm, Blutdruckschwankungen is an umlsterm, gezielte is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Hypotension is an umlsterm, zerebralen Oedems is an umlsterm, kardialer Arrhythmien is an umlsterm, Dopplersonographie is an umlsterm, Hirninfarktpatienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Hirninfarktpatienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm	DerNervenarzt.70680122.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Wir untersuchten die Effekte einer Stroke Unit in einem neurologischen Akutkrankenhaus auf das Outcome und die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts nach akutem Schlaganfall . Nach einer notfallmaessigen Diagnostik bei der Aufnahme einschliesslich CCT , Ultraschalldiagnostik und EKG wurden die Patienten auf einer spezialisierten Stroke Unit fuer durchschnittlich 3,9 Tage behandelt . Fuer 48 +/- 24 h erfolgte ein Monitoring von Blutdruck , EKG , pO2 und transkranialer Dopplersonographie . Durch die Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit liess sich die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts von durchschnittlich 15,8 Tagen in dem Zeitraum vor Einrichtung der Stroke Unit auf 12,9 Tage verkuerzen . Dieser Effekt war besonders ausgepraegt bei Patienten mit akutem Verschluss intrakranialer Gefaesse ( vor der Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit : n = 33 ; Krankenhausaufenthalt fuer 22,5 Tage ; nach Einrichtung der Stroke Unit : n = 54 ; Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts 13,9 Tage ) . Eine klinische Verschlechterung bei Patienten mit akuter zerebraler Ischaemie zeigte sich bei einer Reduktion der Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten durch Blutdruckschwankungen oder zerebrale Raumforderung . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit machte die sofortige gezielte Behandlung einer systemischen Hypotension , eines zerebralen Oedems bzw. kardialer Arrhythmien moeglich . Das Monitoring mittels transkranialer Dopplersonographie zeigte HITS bei 6 von 55 akuten Hirninfarktpatienten , ohne dass neue neurologische Symptome oder eine Befundverschlechterung auftraten . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit verbessert die spezifische Behandlung akuter Hirninfarktpatienten . Die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts laesst sich durch die Behandlung auf einer Stroke Unit verkuerzen . 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Nach einer notfallmaessigen Diagnostik bei der Aufnahme einschliesslich CCT , Ultraschalldiagnostik und EKG wurden die Patienten auf einer spezialisierten Stroke Unit fuer durchschnittlich 3,9 Tage behandelt . Fuer 48 +/- 24 h erfolgte ein Monitoring von Blutdruck , EKG , pO2 und transkranialer Dopplersonographie . Durch die Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit liess sich die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts von durchschnittlich 15,8 Tagen in dem Zeitraum vor Einrichtung der Stroke Unit auf 12,9 Tage verkuerzen . Dieser Effekt war besonders ausgepraegt bei Patienten mit akutem Verschluss intrakranialer Gefaesse ( vor der Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit : n = 33 ; Krankenhausaufenthalt fuer 22,5 Tage ; nach Einrichtung der Stroke Unit : n = 54 ; Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts 13,9 Tage ) . Eine klinische Verschlechterung bei Patienten mit akuter zerebraler Ischaemie zeigte sich bei einer Reduktion der Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten durch Blutdruckschwankungen oder zerebrale Raumforderung . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit machte die sofortige gezielte Behandlung einer systemischen Hypotension , eines zerebralen Oedems bzw. kardialer Arrhythmien moeglich . Das Monitoring mittels transkranialer Dopplersonographie zeigte HITS bei 6 von 55 akuten Hirninfarktpatienten , ohne dass neue neurologische Symptome oder eine Befundverschlechterung auftraten . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit verbessert die spezifische Behandlung akuter Hirninfarktpatienten . Die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts laesst sich durch die Behandlung auf einer Stroke Unit verkuerzen .	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Akutkrankenhaus, Schlaganfall, notfallmaessigen, Diagnostik, Ultraschalldiagnostik, EKG, Patienten, Blutdruck, EKG, Dopplersonographie, Behandlung, Patienten, Behandlung, Patienten, zerebraler Ischaemie, Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten, Blutdruckschwankungen, gezielte, Behandlung, Hypotension, zerebralen Oedems, kardialer Arrhythmien, Dopplersonographie, Hirninfarktpatienten, Behandlung, Hirninfarktpatienten, Behandlung	DerNervenarzt.70680122.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Wir untersuchten die Effekte einer Stroke Unit in einem neurologischen Akutkrankenhaus auf das Outcome und die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts nach akutem Schlaganfall . Nach einer notfallmaessigen Diagnostik bei der Aufnahme einschliesslich CCT , Ultraschalldiagnostik und EKG wurden die Patienten auf einer spezialisierten Stroke Unit fuer durchschnittlich 3,9 Tage behandelt . Fuer 48 +/- 24 h erfolgte ein Monitoring von Blutdruck , EKG , pO2 und transkranialer Dopplersonographie . Durch die Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit liess sich die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts von durchschnittlich 15,8 Tagen in dem Zeitraum vor Einrichtung der Stroke Unit auf 12,9 Tage verkuerzen . Dieser Effekt war besonders ausgepraegt bei Patienten mit akutem Verschluss intrakranialer Gefaesse ( vor der Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit : n = 33 ; Krankenhausaufenthalt fuer 22,5 Tage ; nach Einrichtung der Stroke Unit : n = 54 ; Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts 13,9 Tage ) . Eine klinische Verschlechterung bei Patienten mit akuter zerebraler Ischaemie zeigte sich bei einer Reduktion der Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten durch Blutdruckschwankungen oder zerebrale Raumforderung . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit machte die sofortige gezielte Behandlung einer systemischen Hypotension , eines zerebralen Oedems bzw. kardialer Arrhythmien moeglich . Das Monitoring mittels transkranialer Dopplersonographie zeigte HITS bei 6 von 55 akuten Hirninfarktpatienten , ohne dass neue neurologische Symptome oder eine Befundverschlechterung auftraten . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit verbessert die spezifische Behandlung akuter Hirninfarktpatienten . Die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts laesst sich durch die Behandlung auf einer Stroke Unit verkuerzen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Wir untersuchten die Effekte einer Stroke Unit in einem neurologischen Akutkrankenhaus auf das Outcome und die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts nach akutem Schlaganfall . Nach einer notfallmaessigen Diagnostik bei der Aufnahme einschliesslich CCT , Ultraschalldiagnostik und EKG wurden die Patienten auf einer spezialisierten Stroke Unit fuer durchschnittlich 3,9 Tage behandelt . Fuer 48 +/- 24 h erfolgte ein Monitoring von Blutdruck , EKG , pO2 und transkranialer Dopplersonographie . Durch die Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit liess sich die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts von durchschnittlich 15,8 Tagen in dem Zeitraum vor Einrichtung der Stroke Unit auf 12,9 Tage verkuerzen . Dieser Effekt war besonders ausgepraegt bei Patienten mit akutem Verschluss intrakranialer Gefaesse ( vor der Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit : n = 33 ; Krankenhausaufenthalt fuer 22,5 Tage ; nach Einrichtung der Stroke Unit : n = 54 ; Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts 13,9 Tage ) . Eine klinische Verschlechterung bei Patienten mit akuter zerebraler Ischaemie zeigte sich bei einer Reduktion der Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten durch Blutdruckschwankungen oder zerebrale Raumforderung . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit machte die sofortige gezielte Behandlung einer systemischen Hypotension , eines zerebralen Oedems bzw. kardialer Arrhythmien moeglich . Das Monitoring mittels transkranialer Dopplersonographie zeigte HITS bei 6 von 55 akuten Hirninfarktpatienten , ohne dass neue neurologische Symptome oder eine Befundverschlechterung auftraten . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit verbessert die spezifische Behandlung akuter Hirninfarktpatienten . Die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts laesst sich durch die Behandlung auf einer Stroke Unit verkuerzen .	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complications is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, arthroplasty is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, dislocation is an umlsterm, anterior is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, rotator cuff is an umlsterm, direction is an umlsterm, shoulder joint is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm, muscles is an umlsterm, shoulder joint is an umlsterm, association is an umlsterm, shoulder joint is an umlsterm, capsule is an umlsterm, contours is an umlsterm, head is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, implantation is an umlsterm, prosthesis is an umlsterm, secondary is an umlsterm, complication is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, surgeries is an umlsterm, avarage is an umlsterm, arthroplasties is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, Posterior is an umlsterm, anterior is an umlsterm, Separate is an umlsterm, cranialisation is an umlsterm, rotator cuff is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, anterior is an umlsterm, complication is an umlsterm, arthroplasty is an umlsterm	DerOrthopaede.80270571.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Instability is one of the most common complications after shoulder arthroplasty . The literature cites subluxation or luxation to occure between 0 % and 38 % in various studies . Instabilities may present either as subluxation or frank dislocation , and may be directed in an anterior , posterior , inferior or , depending on the state of the rotator cuff , cranial direction . The stability of any shoulder joint is given by the balance of the muscles directing the forces around the shoulder joint in association with the passive stabilizers of the shoulder joint capsule as well as the bony contours between glenoid and humeral head . Any disturbance of this delicate balance will lead the shoulder into instability , particular so if bony errosion patterns such as posterior glenoid wear in osteoarthritics will develop subluxation early on . Therefore implantation of any prosthesis is required to be done in the appropriate version as to avoid secondary instability through the prosthetic components . In the study undertaken here instability was found to be the most common complication in 44 shoulder revision surgeries . The result with an avarage Score of 41.9 recorded after Constant demonstrates that the excellent and good results obtained with primary arthroplasties can not be expected in revision surgery . Posterior instability may be present just as well as the more easily observed anterior instability . Separate to frank luxation or instability is the late cranialisation of the rotator cuff deficient shoulder which , although resulting in many cases in a superior anterior subluxation , will mostly be seen as a late complication after arthroplasty . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Instability is one of the most common complications after shoulder arthroplasty . The literature cites subluxation or luxation to occure between 0 % and 38 % in various studies . Instabilities may present either as subluxation or frank dislocation , and may be directed in an anterior , posterior , inferior or , depending on the state of the rotator cuff , cranial direction . The stability of any shoulder joint is given by the balance of the muscles directing the forces around the shoulder joint in association with the passive stabilizers of the shoulder joint capsule as well as the bony contours between glenoid and humeral head . Any disturbance of this delicate balance will lead the shoulder into instability , particular so if bony errosion patterns such as posterior glenoid wear in osteoarthritics will develop subluxation early on . Therefore implantation of any prosthesis is required to be done in the appropriate version as to avoid secondary instability through the prosthetic components . In the study undertaken here instability was found to be the most common complication in 44 shoulder revision surgeries . The result with an avarage Score of 41.9 recorded after Constant demonstrates that the excellent and good results obtained with primary arthroplasties can not be expected in revision surgery . Posterior instability may be present just as well as the more easily observed anterior instability . Separate to frank luxation or instability is the late cranialisation of the rotator cuff deficient shoulder which , although resulting in many cases in a superior anterior subluxation , will mostly be seen as a late complication after arthroplasty .	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complications is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, arthroplasty is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, dislocation is an umlsterm, anterior is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, rotator cuff is an umlsterm, direction is an umlsterm, shoulder joint is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm, muscles is an umlsterm, shoulder joint is an umlsterm, association is an umlsterm, shoulder joint is an umlsterm, capsule is an umlsterm, contours is an umlsterm, head is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, implantation is an umlsterm, prosthesis is an umlsterm, secondary is an umlsterm, complication is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, surgeries is an umlsterm, avarage is an umlsterm, arthroplasties is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, Posterior is an umlsterm, anterior is an umlsterm, Separate is an umlsterm, cranialisation is an umlsterm, rotator cuff is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, anterior is an umlsterm, complication is an umlsterm, arthroplasty is an umlsterm	DerOrthopaede.80270571.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Instability is one of the most common complications after shoulder arthroplasty . The literature cites subluxation or luxation to occure between 0 % and 38 % in various studies . Instabilities may present either as subluxation or frank dislocation , and may be directed in an anterior , posterior , inferior or , depending on the state of the rotator cuff , cranial direction . The stability of any shoulder joint is given by the balance of the muscles directing the forces around the shoulder joint in association with the passive stabilizers of the shoulder joint capsule as well as the bony contours between glenoid and humeral head . Any disturbance of this delicate balance will lead the shoulder into instability , particular so if bony errosion patterns such as posterior glenoid wear in osteoarthritics will develop subluxation early on . Therefore implantation of any prosthesis is required to be done in the appropriate version as to avoid secondary instability through the prosthetic components . In the study undertaken here instability was found to be the most common complication in 44 shoulder revision surgeries . The result with an avarage Score of 41.9 recorded after Constant demonstrates that the excellent and good results obtained with primary arthroplasties can not be expected in revision surgery . Posterior instability may be present just as well as the more easily observed anterior instability . Separate to frank luxation or instability is the late cranialisation of the rotator cuff deficient shoulder which , although resulting in many cases in a superior anterior subluxation , will mostly be seen as a late complication after arthroplasty . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: complications, shoulder, arthroplasty, literature, dislocation, anterior, posterior, rotator cuff, direction, shoulder joint, balance, muscles, shoulder joint, association, shoulder joint, capsule, contours, head, balance, shoulder, posterior, implantation, prosthesis, secondary, complication, shoulder, surgeries, avarage, arthroplasties, surgery, Posterior, anterior, Separate, cranialisation, rotator cuff, shoulder, anterior, complication, arthroplasty Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Instability is one of the most common complications after shoulder arthroplasty . The literature cites subluxation or luxation to occure between 0 % and 38 % in various studies . Instabilities may present either as subluxation or frank dislocation , and may be directed in an anterior , posterior , inferior or , depending on the state of the rotator cuff , cranial direction . The stability of any shoulder joint is given by the balance of the muscles directing the forces around the shoulder joint in association with the passive stabilizers of the shoulder joint capsule as well as the bony contours between glenoid and humeral head . Any disturbance of this delicate balance will lead the shoulder into instability , particular so if bony errosion patterns such as posterior glenoid wear in osteoarthritics will develop subluxation early on . Therefore implantation of any prosthesis is required to be done in the appropriate version as to avoid secondary instability through the prosthetic components . In the study undertaken here instability was found to be the most common complication in 44 shoulder revision surgeries . The result with an avarage Score of 41.9 recorded after Constant demonstrates that the excellent and good results obtained with primary arthroplasties can not be expected in revision surgery . Posterior instability may be present just as well as the more easily observed anterior instability . Separate to frank luxation or instability is the late cranialisation of the rotator cuff deficient shoulder which , although resulting in many cases in a superior anterior subluxation , will mostly be seen as a late complication after arthroplasty .	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complications, shoulder, arthroplasty, literature, dislocation, anterior, posterior, rotator cuff, direction, shoulder joint, balance, muscles, shoulder joint, association, shoulder joint, capsule, contours, head, balance, shoulder, posterior, implantation, prosthesis, secondary, complication, shoulder, surgeries, avarage, arthroplasties, surgery, Posterior, anterior, Separate, cranialisation, rotator cuff, shoulder, anterior, complication, arthroplasty	DerOrthopaede.80270571.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Instability is one of the most common complications after shoulder arthroplasty . The literature cites subluxation or luxation to occure between 0 % and 38 % in various studies . Instabilities may present either as subluxation or frank dislocation , and may be directed in an anterior , posterior , inferior or , depending on the state of the rotator cuff , cranial direction . The stability of any shoulder joint is given by the balance of the muscles directing the forces around the shoulder joint in association with the passive stabilizers of the shoulder joint capsule as well as the bony contours between glenoid and humeral head . Any disturbance of this delicate balance will lead the shoulder into instability , particular so if bony errosion patterns such as posterior glenoid wear in osteoarthritics will develop subluxation early on . Therefore implantation of any prosthesis is required to be done in the appropriate version as to avoid secondary instability through the prosthetic components . In the study undertaken here instability was found to be the most common complication in 44 shoulder revision surgeries . The result with an avarage Score of 41.9 recorded after Constant demonstrates that the excellent and good results obtained with primary arthroplasties can not be expected in revision surgery . Posterior instability may be present just as well as the more easily observed anterior instability . Separate to frank luxation or instability is the late cranialisation of the rotator cuff deficient shoulder which , although resulting in many cases in a superior anterior subluxation , will mostly be seen as a late complication after arthroplasty . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Instability is one of the most common complications after shoulder arthroplasty . The literature cites subluxation or luxation to occure between 0 % and 38 % in various studies . Instabilities may present either as subluxation or frank dislocation , and may be directed in an anterior , posterior , inferior or , depending on the state of the rotator cuff , cranial direction . The stability of any shoulder joint is given by the balance of the muscles directing the forces around the shoulder joint in association with the passive stabilizers of the shoulder joint capsule as well as the bony contours between glenoid and humeral head . Any disturbance of this delicate balance will lead the shoulder into instability , particular so if bony errosion patterns such as posterior glenoid wear in osteoarthritics will develop subluxation early on . Therefore implantation of any prosthesis is required to be done in the appropriate version as to avoid secondary instability through the prosthetic components . In the study undertaken here instability was found to be the most common complication in 44 shoulder revision surgeries . The result with an avarage Score of 41.9 recorded after Constant demonstrates that the excellent and good results obtained with primary arthroplasties can not be expected in revision surgery . Posterior instability may be present just as well as the more easily observed anterior instability . Separate to frank luxation or instability is the late cranialisation of the rotator cuff deficient shoulder which , although resulting in many cases in a superior anterior subluxation , will mostly be seen as a late complication after arthroplasty .	[ "Instability", "is", "one", "of", "the", "most", "common", "complications", "after", "shoulder", "arthroplasty", ".", "The", "literature", "cites", "subluxation", "or", "luxation", "to", "occure", "between", "0", "%", "and", "38", "%", "in", "various", "studies", ".", "Instabilities", "may", "present", "either", "as", "subluxation", "or", "frank", "dislocation", ",", "and", "may", "be", "directed", "in", "an", "anterior", ",", "posterior", ",", "inferior", "or", ",", "depending", "on", "the", "state", "of", "the", "rotator", "cuff", ",", "cranial", "direction", ".", "The", "stability", "of", "any", "shoulder", "joint", "is", "given", "by", "the", "balance", "of", "the", "muscles", "directing", "the", "forces", "around", "the", "shoulder", "joint", "in", "association", "with", "the", "passive", "stabilizers", "of", "the", "shoulder", "joint", "capsule", "as", "well", "as", "the", "bony", "contours", "between", "glenoid", "and", "humeral", "head", ".", "Any", "disturbance", "of", "this", "delicate", "balance", "will", "lead", "the", "shoulder", "into", "instability", ",", "particular", "so", "if", "bony", "errosion", "patterns", "such", "as", "posterior", "glenoid", "wear", "in", "osteoarthritics", "will", "develop", "subluxation", "early", "on", ".", "Therefore", "implantation", "of", "any", "prosthesis", "is", "required", "to", "be", "done", "in", "the", "appropriate", "version", "as", "to", "avoid", "secondary", "instability", "through", "the", "prosthetic", "components", ".", "In", "the", "study", "undertaken", "here", "instability", "was", "found", "to", "be", "the", "most", "common", "complication", "in", "44", "shoulder", "revision", "surgeries", ".", "The", "result", "with", "an", "avarage", "Score", "of", "41.9", "recorded", "after", "Constant", "demonstrates", "that", "the", "excellent", "and", "good", "results", "obtained", "with", "primary", "arthroplasties", "can", "not", "be", "expected", "in", "revision", "surgery", ".", "Posterior", "instability", "may", "be", "present", "just", "as", "well", "as", "the", "more", "easily", "observed", "anterior", "instability", ".", "Separate", "to", "frank", "luxation", "or", "instability", "is", "the", "late", "cranialisation", "of", "the", "rotator", "cuff", "deficient", "shoulder", "which", ",", "although", "resulting", "in", "many", "cases", "in", "a", "superior", "anterior", "subluxation", ",", "will", "mostly", "be", "seen", "as", "a", "late", "complication", "after", "arthroplasty", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Iris is an umlsterm, Neurofibromatose is an umlsterm, Differentialdiagnose is an umlsterm, Phakomatosen is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Differentialdiagnose is an umlsterm, Irisknoetchen is an umlsterm, genetische Beratung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Familienangehoerigen is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Iris is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Antikoerper is an umlsterm, Vimentin is an umlsterm, Neurofibromatose is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.70480038.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Die Knoetchen der Iris bei Neurofibromatose I haben sich zu einem wichtigen diagnostischen Kriterium in der Differentialdiagnose der Phakomatosen entwickelt . Diese Knoetchen wurden in ihrem klinischen Erscheinungsbild und ihrer Bedeutung erstmals von Karl Lisch , Muenchen , 1937 erkannt . Diagnose und Differentialdiagnose der Lisch-Knoetchen werden illustriert . Auf die Bedeutung der Irisknoetchen fuer die genetische Beratung der Patienten und ihre Familienangehoerigen wird , besonders im Hinblick auf monosymptomatische Verlaeufe , eingegangen . Histologisch zeichnen sich Lisch-Knoetchen durch Aggregation von laenglichen bis rundlichen Zellen aus , die der Iris kuppelfoermig aufsitzen . Immunhistochemisch weisen diese Zellen eine positive Markierung mit einem Antikoerper gegen Vimentin und das S-100-Protein auf und belegen damit eine neuroektodermale Differenzierung . Somit koennen die Lisch-Knoetchen als eine direkte Manifestationsform der neuroektodermalen Stoerung bei Neurofibromatose I angesehen werden . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die Knoetchen der Iris bei Neurofibromatose I haben sich zu einem wichtigen diagnostischen Kriterium in der Differentialdiagnose der Phakomatosen entwickelt . Diese Knoetchen wurden in ihrem klinischen Erscheinungsbild und ihrer Bedeutung erstmals von Karl Lisch , Muenchen , 1937 erkannt . Diagnose und Differentialdiagnose der Lisch-Knoetchen werden illustriert . Auf die Bedeutung der Irisknoetchen fuer die genetische Beratung der Patienten und ihre Familienangehoerigen wird , besonders im Hinblick auf monosymptomatische Verlaeufe , eingegangen . Histologisch zeichnen sich Lisch-Knoetchen durch Aggregation von laenglichen bis rundlichen Zellen aus , die der Iris kuppelfoermig aufsitzen . Immunhistochemisch weisen diese Zellen eine positive Markierung mit einem Antikoerper gegen Vimentin und das S-100-Protein auf und belegen damit eine neuroektodermale Differenzierung . Somit koennen die Lisch-Knoetchen als eine direkte Manifestationsform der neuroektodermalen Stoerung bei Neurofibromatose I angesehen werden .	[ "Die", "Knoetchen", "der", "Iris", "bei", "Neurofibromatose", "I", "haben", "sich", "zu", "einem", "wichtigen", "diagnostischen", "Kriterium", "in", "der", "Differentialdiagnose", "der", "Phakomatosen", "entwickelt", ".", "Diese", "Knoetchen", "wurden", "in", "ihrem", "klinischen", "Erscheinungsbild", "und", "ihrer", "Bedeutung", "erstmals", "von", "Karl", "Lisch", ",", "Muenchen", ",", "1937", "erkannt", ".", "Diagnose", "und", "Differentialdiagnose", "der", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "werden", "illustriert", ".", "Auf", "die", "Bedeutung", "der", "Irisknoetchen", "fuer", "die", "genetische", "Beratung", "der", "Patienten", "und", "ihre", "Familienangehoerigen", "wird", ",", "besonders", "im", "Hinblick", "auf", "monosymptomatische", "Verlaeufe", ",", "eingegangen", ".", "Histologisch", "zeichnen", "sich", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "durch", "Aggregation", "von", "laenglichen", "bis", "rundlichen", "Zellen", "aus", ",", "die", "der", "Iris", "kuppelfoermig", "aufsitzen", ".", "Immunhistochemisch", "weisen", "diese", "Zellen", "eine", "positive", "Markierung", "mit", "einem", "Antikoerper", "gegen", "Vimentin", "und", "das", "S-100-Protein", "auf", "und", "belegen", "damit", "eine", "neuroektodermale", "Differenzierung", ".", "Somit", "koennen", "die", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "als", "eine", "direkte", "Manifestationsform", "der", "neuroektodermalen", "Stoerung", "bei", "Neurofibromatose", "I", "angesehen", "werden", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Iris is an umlsterm, Neurofibromatose is an umlsterm, Differentialdiagnose is an umlsterm, Phakomatosen is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Differentialdiagnose is an umlsterm, Irisknoetchen is an umlsterm, genetische Beratung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Familienangehoerigen is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Iris is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Antikoerper is an umlsterm, Vimentin is an umlsterm, Neurofibromatose is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.70480038.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Die Knoetchen der Iris bei Neurofibromatose I haben sich zu einem wichtigen diagnostischen Kriterium in der Differentialdiagnose der Phakomatosen entwickelt . Diese Knoetchen wurden in ihrem klinischen Erscheinungsbild und ihrer Bedeutung erstmals von Karl Lisch , Muenchen , 1937 erkannt . Diagnose und Differentialdiagnose der Lisch-Knoetchen werden illustriert . Auf die Bedeutung der Irisknoetchen fuer die genetische Beratung der Patienten und ihre Familienangehoerigen wird , besonders im Hinblick auf monosymptomatische Verlaeufe , eingegangen . Histologisch zeichnen sich Lisch-Knoetchen durch Aggregation von laenglichen bis rundlichen Zellen aus , die der Iris kuppelfoermig aufsitzen . Immunhistochemisch weisen diese Zellen eine positive Markierung mit einem Antikoerper gegen Vimentin und das S-100-Protein auf und belegen damit eine neuroektodermale Differenzierung . Somit koennen die Lisch-Knoetchen als eine direkte Manifestationsform der neuroektodermalen Stoerung bei Neurofibromatose I angesehen werden . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Iris, Neurofibromatose, Differentialdiagnose, Phakomatosen, Diagnose, Differentialdiagnose, Irisknoetchen, genetische Beratung, Patienten, Familienangehoerigen, Zellen, Iris, Zellen, Antikoerper, Vimentin, Neurofibromatose Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die Knoetchen der Iris bei Neurofibromatose I haben sich zu einem wichtigen diagnostischen Kriterium in der Differentialdiagnose der Phakomatosen entwickelt . Diese Knoetchen wurden in ihrem klinischen Erscheinungsbild und ihrer Bedeutung erstmals von Karl Lisch , Muenchen , 1937 erkannt . Diagnose und Differentialdiagnose der Lisch-Knoetchen werden illustriert . Auf die Bedeutung der Irisknoetchen fuer die genetische Beratung der Patienten und ihre Familienangehoerigen wird , besonders im Hinblick auf monosymptomatische Verlaeufe , eingegangen . Histologisch zeichnen sich Lisch-Knoetchen durch Aggregation von laenglichen bis rundlichen Zellen aus , die der Iris kuppelfoermig aufsitzen . Immunhistochemisch weisen diese Zellen eine positive Markierung mit einem Antikoerper gegen Vimentin und das S-100-Protein auf und belegen damit eine neuroektodermale Differenzierung . Somit koennen die Lisch-Knoetchen als eine direkte Manifestationsform der neuroektodermalen Stoerung bei Neurofibromatose I angesehen werden .	[ "Die", "Knoetchen", "der", "Iris", "bei", "Neurofibromatose", "I", "haben", "sich", "zu", "einem", "wichtigen", "diagnostischen", "Kriterium", "in", "der", "Differentialdiagnose", "der", "Phakomatosen", "entwickelt", ".", "Diese", "Knoetchen", "wurden", "in", "ihrem", "klinischen", "Erscheinungsbild", "und", "ihrer", "Bedeutung", "erstmals", "von", "Karl", "Lisch", ",", "Muenchen", ",", "1937", "erkannt", ".", "Diagnose", "und", "Differentialdiagnose", "der", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "werden", "illustriert", ".", "Auf", "die", "Bedeutung", "der", "Irisknoetchen", "fuer", "die", "genetische", "Beratung", "der", "Patienten", "und", "ihre", "Familienangehoerigen", "wird", ",", "besonders", "im", "Hinblick", "auf", "monosymptomatische", "Verlaeufe", ",", "eingegangen", ".", "Histologisch", "zeichnen", "sich", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "durch", "Aggregation", "von", "laenglichen", "bis", "rundlichen", "Zellen", "aus", ",", "die", "der", "Iris", "kuppelfoermig", "aufsitzen", ".", "Immunhistochemisch", "weisen", "diese", "Zellen", "eine", "positive", "Markierung", "mit", "einem", "Antikoerper", "gegen", "Vimentin", "und", "das", "S-100-Protein", "auf", "und", "belegen", "damit", "eine", "neuroektodermale", "Differenzierung", ".", "Somit", "koennen", "die", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "als", "eine", "direkte", "Manifestationsform", "der", "neuroektodermalen", "Stoerung", "bei", "Neurofibromatose", "I", "angesehen", "werden", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Iris, Neurofibromatose, Differentialdiagnose, Phakomatosen, Diagnose, Differentialdiagnose, Irisknoetchen, genetische Beratung, Patienten, Familienangehoerigen, Zellen, Iris, Zellen, Antikoerper, Vimentin, Neurofibromatose	DerHautarzt.70480038.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Die Knoetchen der Iris bei Neurofibromatose I haben sich zu einem wichtigen diagnostischen Kriterium in der Differentialdiagnose der Phakomatosen entwickelt . Diese Knoetchen wurden in ihrem klinischen Erscheinungsbild und ihrer Bedeutung erstmals von Karl Lisch , Muenchen , 1937 erkannt . Diagnose und Differentialdiagnose der Lisch-Knoetchen werden illustriert . Auf die Bedeutung der Irisknoetchen fuer die genetische Beratung der Patienten und ihre Familienangehoerigen wird , besonders im Hinblick auf monosymptomatische Verlaeufe , eingegangen . Histologisch zeichnen sich Lisch-Knoetchen durch Aggregation von laenglichen bis rundlichen Zellen aus , die der Iris kuppelfoermig aufsitzen . Immunhistochemisch weisen diese Zellen eine positive Markierung mit einem Antikoerper gegen Vimentin und das S-100-Protein auf und belegen damit eine neuroektodermale Differenzierung . Somit koennen die Lisch-Knoetchen als eine direkte Manifestationsform der neuroektodermalen Stoerung bei Neurofibromatose I angesehen werden . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Die Knoetchen der Iris bei Neurofibromatose I haben sich zu einem wichtigen diagnostischen Kriterium in der Differentialdiagnose der Phakomatosen entwickelt . Diese Knoetchen wurden in ihrem klinischen Erscheinungsbild und ihrer Bedeutung erstmals von Karl Lisch , Muenchen , 1937 erkannt . Diagnose und Differentialdiagnose der Lisch-Knoetchen werden illustriert . Auf die Bedeutung der Irisknoetchen fuer die genetische Beratung der Patienten und ihre Familienangehoerigen wird , besonders im Hinblick auf monosymptomatische Verlaeufe , eingegangen . Histologisch zeichnen sich Lisch-Knoetchen durch Aggregation von laenglichen bis rundlichen Zellen aus , die der Iris kuppelfoermig aufsitzen . Immunhistochemisch weisen diese Zellen eine positive Markierung mit einem Antikoerper gegen Vimentin und das S-100-Protein auf und belegen damit eine neuroektodermale Differenzierung . Somit koennen die Lisch-Knoetchen als eine direkte Manifestationsform der neuroektodermalen Stoerung bei Neurofibromatose I angesehen werden .	[ "Die", "Knoetchen", "der", "Iris", "bei", "Neurofibromatose", "I", "haben", "sich", "zu", "einem", "wichtigen", "diagnostischen", "Kriterium", "in", "der", "Differentialdiagnose", "der", "Phakomatosen", "entwickelt", ".", "Diese", "Knoetchen", "wurden", "in", "ihrem", "klinischen", "Erscheinungsbild", "und", "ihrer", "Bedeutung", "erstmals", "von", "Karl", "Lisch", ",", "Muenchen", ",", "1937", "erkannt", ".", "Diagnose", "und", "Differentialdiagnose", "der", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "werden", "illustriert", ".", "Auf", "die", "Bedeutung", "der", "Irisknoetchen", "fuer", "die", "genetische", "Beratung", "der", "Patienten", "und", "ihre", "Familienangehoerigen", "wird", ",", "besonders", "im", "Hinblick", "auf", "monosymptomatische", "Verlaeufe", ",", "eingegangen", ".", "Histologisch", "zeichnen", "sich", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "durch", "Aggregation", "von", "laenglichen", "bis", "rundlichen", "Zellen", "aus", ",", "die", "der", "Iris", "kuppelfoermig", "aufsitzen", ".", "Immunhistochemisch", "weisen", "diese", "Zellen", "eine", "positive", "Markierung", "mit", "einem", "Antikoerper", "gegen", "Vimentin", "und", "das", "S-100-Protein", "auf", "und", "belegen", "damit", "eine", "neuroektodermale", "Differenzierung", ".", "Somit", "koennen", "die", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "als", "eine", "direkte", "Manifestationsform", "der", "neuroektodermalen", "Stoerung", "bei", "Neurofibromatose", "I", "angesehen", "werden", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Surgery is an umlsterm, Community Hospital is an umlsterm, Germany is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomy is an umlsterm, inhouse is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, date is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomy is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, fistulae is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, complication is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, standard is an umlsterm, procedures is an umlsterm, appendectomy is an umlsterm, ligation is an umlsterm, ligation is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm	DerChirurg.80690066.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Since 1975 , the Department of Surgery in the Grevenbroich Community Hospital ( Germany ) has applied a simplified technique of open appendectomy . The inhouse modified procedure without stump embedding has been performed in 3,448 cases to date . The same approach has been used in 1,463 laparoscopic appendectomies since 1991. In the laparoscopic procedure the stump is ligated solely with Roeder's loop . None of the 4,911 patients who have undergone either open or laparoscopic appendectomy have developed stump inadequacy or stercoral fistulae . According to the special literature , the complication rate after appendectomies without stump embedding is lower than that after standard procedures . In retrospect , laparoscopic appendectomy with simple ligation has confirmed the results achieved with simple ligation in open appendectomies . The technique should therefore become more common practice in open appendectomies , as well . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Since 1975 , the Department of Surgery in the Grevenbroich Community Hospital ( Germany ) has applied a simplified technique of open appendectomy . The inhouse modified procedure without stump embedding has been performed in 3,448 cases to date . The same approach has been used in 1,463 laparoscopic appendectomies since 1991. In the laparoscopic procedure the stump is ligated solely with Roeder's loop . None of the 4,911 patients who have undergone either open or laparoscopic appendectomy have developed stump inadequacy or stercoral fistulae . According to the special literature , the complication rate after appendectomies without stump embedding is lower than that after standard procedures . In retrospect , laparoscopic appendectomy with simple ligation has confirmed the results achieved with simple ligation in open appendectomies . The technique should therefore become more common practice in open appendectomies , as well .	[ "Since", "1975", ",", "the", "Department", "of", "Surgery", "in", "the", "Grevenbroich", "Community", "Hospital", "(", "Germany", ")", "has", "applied", "a", "simplified", "technique", "of", "open", "appendectomy", ".", "The", "inhouse", "modified", "procedure", "without", "stump", "embedding", "has", "been", "performed", "in", "3,448", "cases", "to", "date", ".", "The", "same", "approach", "has", "been", "used", "in", "1,463", "laparoscopic", "appendectomies", "since", "1991", ".", "In", "the", "laparoscopic", "procedure", "the", "stump", "is", "ligated", "solely", "with", "Roeder", "'s", "loop", ".", "None", "of", "the", "4,911", "patients", "who", "have", "undergone", "either", "open", "or", "laparoscopic", "appendectomy", "have", "developed", "stump", "inadequacy", "or", "stercoral", "fistulae", ".", "According", "to", "the", "special", "literature", ",", "the", "complication", "rate", "after", "appendectomies", "without", "stump", "embedding", "is", "lower", "than", "that", "after", "standard", "procedures", ".", "In", "retrospect", ",", "laparoscopic", "appendectomy", "with", "simple", "ligation", "has", "confirmed", "the", "results", "achieved", "with", "simple", "ligation", "in", "open", "appendectomies", ".", "The", "technique", "should", "therefore", "become", "more", "common", "practice", "in", "open", "appendectomies", ",", "as", "well", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Surgery is an umlsterm, Community Hospital is an umlsterm, Germany is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomy is an umlsterm, inhouse is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, date is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomy is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, fistulae is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, complication is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, standard is an umlsterm, procedures is an umlsterm, appendectomy is an umlsterm, ligation is an umlsterm, ligation is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm	DerChirurg.80690066.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Since 1975 , the Department of Surgery in the Grevenbroich Community Hospital ( Germany ) has applied a simplified technique of open appendectomy . The inhouse modified procedure without stump embedding has been performed in 3,448 cases to date . The same approach has been used in 1,463 laparoscopic appendectomies since 1991. In the laparoscopic procedure the stump is ligated solely with Roeder's loop . None of the 4,911 patients who have undergone either open or laparoscopic appendectomy have developed stump inadequacy or stercoral fistulae . According to the special literature , the complication rate after appendectomies without stump embedding is lower than that after standard procedures . In retrospect , laparoscopic appendectomy with simple ligation has confirmed the results achieved with simple ligation in open appendectomies . The technique should therefore become more common practice in open appendectomies , as well . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Surgery, Community Hospital, Germany, technique, open, appendectomy, inhouse, procedure, stump, date, appendectomies, procedure, stump, patients, open, appendectomy, stump, fistulae, literature, complication, appendectomies, stump, standard, procedures, appendectomy, ligation, ligation, open, appendectomies, technique, open, appendectomies Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Since 1975 , the Department of Surgery in the Grevenbroich Community Hospital ( Germany ) has applied a simplified technique of open appendectomy . The inhouse modified procedure without stump embedding has been performed in 3,448 cases to date . The same approach has been used in 1,463 laparoscopic appendectomies since 1991. In the laparoscopic procedure the stump is ligated solely with Roeder's loop . None of the 4,911 patients who have undergone either open or laparoscopic appendectomy have developed stump inadequacy or stercoral fistulae . According to the special literature , the complication rate after appendectomies without stump embedding is lower than that after standard procedures . In retrospect , laparoscopic appendectomy with simple ligation has confirmed the results achieved with simple ligation in open appendectomies . The technique should therefore become more common practice in open appendectomies , as well .	[ "Since", "1975", ",", "the", "Department", "of", "Surgery", "in", "the", "Grevenbroich", "Community", "Hospital", "(", "Germany", ")", "has", "applied", "a", "simplified", "technique", "of", "open", "appendectomy", ".", "The", "inhouse", "modified", "procedure", "without", "stump", "embedding", "has", "been", "performed", "in", "3,448", "cases", "to", "date", ".", "The", "same", "approach", "has", "been", "used", "in", "1,463", "laparoscopic", "appendectomies", "since", "1991", ".", "In", "the", "laparoscopic", "procedure", "the", "stump", "is", "ligated", "solely", "with", "Roeder", "'s", "loop", ".", "None", "of", "the", "4,911", "patients", "who", "have", "undergone", "either", "open", "or", "laparoscopic", "appendectomy", "have", "developed", "stump", "inadequacy", "or", "stercoral", "fistulae", ".", "According", "to", "the", "special", "literature", ",", "the", "complication", "rate", "after", "appendectomies", "without", "stump", "embedding", "is", "lower", "than", "that", "after", "standard", "procedures", ".", "In", "retrospect", ",", "laparoscopic", "appendectomy", "with", "simple", "ligation", "has", "confirmed", "the", "results", "achieved", "with", "simple", "ligation", "in", "open", "appendectomies", ".", "The", "technique", "should", "therefore", "become", "more", "common", "practice", "in", "open", "appendectomies", ",", "as", "well", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Surgery, Community Hospital, Germany, technique, open, appendectomy, inhouse, procedure, stump, date, appendectomies, procedure, stump, patients, open, appendectomy, stump, fistulae, literature, complication, appendectomies, stump, standard, procedures, appendectomy, ligation, ligation, open, appendectomies, technique, open, appendectomies	DerChirurg.80690066.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Since 1975 , the Department of Surgery in the Grevenbroich Community Hospital ( Germany ) has applied a simplified technique of open appendectomy . The inhouse modified procedure without stump embedding has been performed in 3,448 cases to date . The same approach has been used in 1,463 laparoscopic appendectomies since 1991. In the laparoscopic procedure the stump is ligated solely with Roeder's loop . None of the 4,911 patients who have undergone either open or laparoscopic appendectomy have developed stump inadequacy or stercoral fistulae . According to the special literature , the complication rate after appendectomies without stump embedding is lower than that after standard procedures . In retrospect , laparoscopic appendectomy with simple ligation has confirmed the results achieved with simple ligation in open appendectomies . The technique should therefore become more common practice in open appendectomies , as well . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Since 1975 , the Department of Surgery in the Grevenbroich Community Hospital ( Germany ) has applied a simplified technique of open appendectomy . The inhouse modified procedure without stump embedding has been performed in 3,448 cases to date . The same approach has been used in 1,463 laparoscopic appendectomies since 1991. In the laparoscopic procedure the stump is ligated solely with Roeder's loop . None of the 4,911 patients who have undergone either open or laparoscopic appendectomy have developed stump inadequacy or stercoral fistulae . According to the special literature , the complication rate after appendectomies without stump embedding is lower than that after standard procedures . In retrospect , laparoscopic appendectomy with simple ligation has confirmed the results achieved with simple ligation in open appendectomies . The technique should therefore become more common practice in open appendectomies , as well .	[ "Since", "1975", ",", "the", "Department", "of", "Surgery", "in", "the", "Grevenbroich", "Community", "Hospital", "(", "Germany", ")", "has", "applied", "a", "simplified", "technique", "of", "open", "appendectomy", ".", "The", "inhouse", "modified", "procedure", "without", "stump", "embedding", "has", "been", "performed", "in", "3,448", "cases", "to", "date", ".", "The", "same", "approach", "has", "been", "used", "in", "1,463", "laparoscopic", "appendectomies", "since", "1991", ".", "In", "the", "laparoscopic", "procedure", "the", "stump", "is", "ligated", "solely", "with", "Roeder", "'s", "loop", ".", "None", "of", "the", "4,911", "patients", "who", "have", "undergone", "either", "open", "or", "laparoscopic", "appendectomy", "have", "developed", "stump", "inadequacy", "or", "stercoral", "fistulae", ".", "According", "to", "the", "special", "literature", ",", "the", "complication", "rate", "after", "appendectomies", "without", "stump", "embedding", "is", "lower", "than", "that", "after", "standard", "procedures", ".", "In", "retrospect", ",", "laparoscopic", "appendectomy", "with", "simple", "ligation", "has", "confirmed", "the", "results", "achieved", "with", "simple", "ligation", "in", "open", "appendectomies", ".", "The", "technique", "should", "therefore", "become", "more", "common", "practice", "in", "open", "appendectomies", ",", "as", "well", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
neuropsychological tests is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, schizophrenia is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, schizophrenia is an umlsterm, controls is an umlsterm, memory is an umlsterm, functions is an umlsterm, speech is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, gender is an umlsterm, education is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, relative is an umlsterm, controls is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, attention is an umlsterm, findings is an umlsterm, functions is an umlsterm, dysfunctions is an umlsterm, follow - up studies is an umlsterm	DerNervenarzt.90700408.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: By administering an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests , cognitive performance of 66 patients with first episode schizophrenia , 49 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls has been assessed in the areas of memory functions , speech and cognitive flexibility/ abstraction . The three groups were comparable with regard to age , gender and education . Both patient groups showed a significant generalized neuropsychological impairment relative to controls . Patients with first episode were most impaired in visual motor processing and attention ( VSM ) . Besides impairment in VSM , performance in abstraction/flexibility was significantly worse in chronic schizophrenics compared to first episode schizophrenics . Our findings suggest that neuropsychological functions are already impaired at the onset of the illness . Whether cognitive impairment in performance that is attributed to frontal dysfunctions is deteriorating during the course of the illness or is predicting an unfavourable course can only be answered by prospective follow-up studies . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	By administering an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests , cognitive performance of 66 patients with first episode schizophrenia , 49 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls has been assessed in the areas of memory functions , speech and cognitive flexibility/ abstraction . The three groups were comparable with regard to age , gender and education . Both patient groups showed a significant generalized neuropsychological impairment relative to controls . Patients with first episode were most impaired in visual motor processing and attention ( VSM ) . Besides impairment in VSM , performance in abstraction/flexibility was significantly worse in chronic schizophrenics compared to first episode schizophrenics . Our findings suggest that neuropsychological functions are already impaired at the onset of the illness . Whether cognitive impairment in performance that is attributed to frontal dysfunctions is deteriorating during the course of the illness or is predicting an unfavourable course can only be answered by prospective follow-up studies .	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neuropsychological tests is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, schizophrenia is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, schizophrenia is an umlsterm, controls is an umlsterm, memory is an umlsterm, functions is an umlsterm, speech is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, gender is an umlsterm, education is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, relative is an umlsterm, controls is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, attention is an umlsterm, findings is an umlsterm, functions is an umlsterm, dysfunctions is an umlsterm, follow - up studies is an umlsterm	DerNervenarzt.90700408.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: By administering an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests , cognitive performance of 66 patients with first episode schizophrenia , 49 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls has been assessed in the areas of memory functions , speech and cognitive flexibility/ abstraction . The three groups were comparable with regard to age , gender and education . Both patient groups showed a significant generalized neuropsychological impairment relative to controls . Patients with first episode were most impaired in visual motor processing and attention ( VSM ) . Besides impairment in VSM , performance in abstraction/flexibility was significantly worse in chronic schizophrenics compared to first episode schizophrenics . Our findings suggest that neuropsychological functions are already impaired at the onset of the illness . Whether cognitive impairment in performance that is attributed to frontal dysfunctions is deteriorating during the course of the illness or is predicting an unfavourable course can only be answered by prospective follow-up studies . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: neuropsychological tests, patients, schizophrenia, patients, schizophrenia, controls, memory, functions, speech, age, gender, education, patient, relative, controls, Patients, attention, findings, functions, dysfunctions, follow - up studies Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	By administering an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests , cognitive performance of 66 patients with first episode schizophrenia , 49 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls has been assessed in the areas of memory functions , speech and cognitive flexibility/ abstraction . The three groups were comparable with regard to age , gender and education . Both patient groups showed a significant generalized neuropsychological impairment relative to controls . Patients with first episode were most impaired in visual motor processing and attention ( VSM ) . Besides impairment in VSM , performance in abstraction/flexibility was significantly worse in chronic schizophrenics compared to first episode schizophrenics . Our findings suggest that neuropsychological functions are already impaired at the onset of the illness . Whether cognitive impairment in performance that is attributed to frontal dysfunctions is deteriorating during the course of the illness or is predicting an unfavourable course can only be answered by prospective follow-up studies .	[ "By", "administering", "an", "extensive", "battery", "of", "neuropsychological", "tests", ",", "cognitive", "performance", "of", "66", "patients", "with", "first", "episode", "schizophrenia", ",", "49", "patients", "with", "chronic", "schizophrenia", "and", "40", "healthy", "controls", "has", "been", "assessed", "in", "the", "areas", "of", "memory", "functions", ",", "speech", "and", "cognitive", "flexibility/", "abstraction", ".", "The", "three", "groups", "were", "comparable", "with", "regard", "to", "age", ",", "gender", "and", "education", ".", "Both", "patient", "groups", "showed", "a", "significant", "generalized", "neuropsychological", "impairment", "relative", "to", "controls", ".", "Patients", "with", "first", "episode", "were", "most", "impaired", "in", "visual", "motor", "processing", "and", "attention", "(", "VSM", ")", ".", "Besides", "impairment", "in", "VSM", ",", "performance", "in", "abstraction", "/", "flexibility", "was", "significantly", "worse", "in", "chronic", "schizophrenics", "compared", "to", "first", "episode", "schizophrenics", ".", "Our", "findings", "suggest", "that", "neuropsychological", "functions", "are", "already", "impaired", "at", "the", "onset", "of", "the", "illness", ".", "Whether", "cognitive", "impairment", "in", "performance", "that", "is", "attributed", "to", "frontal", "dysfunctions", "is", "deteriorating", "during", "the", "course", "of", "the", "illness", "or", "is", "predicting", "an", "unfavourable", "course", "can", "only", "be", "answered", "by", "prospective", "follow", "-", "up", "studies", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
neuropsychological tests, patients, schizophrenia, patients, schizophrenia, controls, memory, functions, speech, age, gender, education, patient, relative, controls, Patients, attention, findings, functions, dysfunctions, follow - up studies	DerNervenarzt.90700408.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: By administering an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests , cognitive performance of 66 patients with first episode schizophrenia , 49 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls has been assessed in the areas of memory functions , speech and cognitive flexibility/ abstraction . The three groups were comparable with regard to age , gender and education . Both patient groups showed a significant generalized neuropsychological impairment relative to controls . Patients with first episode were most impaired in visual motor processing and attention ( VSM ) . Besides impairment in VSM , performance in abstraction/flexibility was significantly worse in chronic schizophrenics compared to first episode schizophrenics . Our findings suggest that neuropsychological functions are already impaired at the onset of the illness . Whether cognitive impairment in performance that is attributed to frontal dysfunctions is deteriorating during the course of the illness or is predicting an unfavourable course can only be answered by prospective follow-up studies . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	By administering an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests , cognitive performance of 66 patients with first episode schizophrenia , 49 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls has been assessed in the areas of memory functions , speech and cognitive flexibility/ abstraction . The three groups were comparable with regard to age , gender and education . Both patient groups showed a significant generalized neuropsychological impairment relative to controls . Patients with first episode were most impaired in visual motor processing and attention ( VSM ) . Besides impairment in VSM , performance in abstraction/flexibility was significantly worse in chronic schizophrenics compared to first episode schizophrenics . Our findings suggest that neuropsychological functions are already impaired at the onset of the illness . Whether cognitive impairment in performance that is attributed to frontal dysfunctions is deteriorating during the course of the illness or is predicting an unfavourable course can only be answered by prospective follow-up studies .	[ "By", "administering", "an", "extensive", "battery", "of", "neuropsychological", "tests", ",", "cognitive", "performance", "of", "66", "patients", "with", "first", "episode", "schizophrenia", ",", "49", "patients", "with", "chronic", "schizophrenia", "and", "40", "healthy", "controls", "has", "been", "assessed", "in", "the", "areas", "of", "memory", "functions", ",", "speech", "and", "cognitive", "flexibility/", "abstraction", ".", "The", "three", "groups", "were", "comparable", "with", "regard", "to", "age", ",", "gender", "and", "education", ".", "Both", "patient", "groups", "showed", "a", "significant", "generalized", "neuropsychological", "impairment", "relative", "to", "controls", ".", "Patients", "with", "first", "episode", "were", "most", "impaired", "in", "visual", "motor", "processing", "and", "attention", "(", "VSM", ")", ".", "Besides", "impairment", "in", "VSM", ",", "performance", "in", "abstraction", "/", "flexibility", "was", "significantly", "worse", "in", "chronic", "schizophrenics", "compared", "to", "first", "episode", "schizophrenics", ".", "Our", "findings", "suggest", "that", "neuropsychological", "functions", "are", "already", "impaired", "at", "the", "onset", "of", "the", "illness", ".", "Whether", "cognitive", "impairment", "in", "performance", "that", "is", "attributed", "to", "frontal", "dysfunctions", "is", "deteriorating", "during", "the", "course", "of", "the", "illness", "or", "is", "predicting", "an", "unfavourable", "course", "can", "only", "be", "answered", "by", "prospective", "follow", "-", "up", "studies", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Kardiomyopathie is an umlsterm, Myokards is an umlsterm, Kontraktionsverhalten is an umlsterm, Methoden is an umlsterm, Muskelfaserpraeparate is an umlsterm, infarktfreien is an umlsterm, Myokards is an umlsterm, Spenderherzen is an umlsterm, Kardiomyopathie is an umlsterm, infarktfreien is an umlsterm, Myokardbezirken is an umlsterm, Kontraktionsverhalten is an umlsterm	ZfuerHerzThoraxGefaesschirurgie.90130255.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Bei dem Krankheitsbild der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie ( ICM ) kommt es zu Phaenotypenveraenderungen der Myozyten , die zu kritischen Veraenderungen der intrazellulaeren Ca2+-Homoeostase fuehren koennen . Diese Veraenderungen koennen die Kontraktilitaet des Herzens massgeblich beeinflussen und Rhythmusstoerungen beguenstigen . Am Modell des isolierten menschlichen Myokards prueft die vorliegende Untersuchung Kontraktionsverhalten diastolischen Ca2+-Haushalt und Ruhekraft , unter dem Einfluss der Vorlast , der Nachlast und der Frequenz . Methoden : Muskelfaserpraeparate 0,5x5,0mm) ( wurden aus der infarktfreien Zone linksventrikulaeren Myokards aus ICM-Empfaengerherzen ( n=8) und aus normalen Spenderherzen ( n=11) exzidiert , mit dem Calciumindikator FURA-2 geladen , auf optimale Laenge ( Lmax ) vorgedehnt und elektrisch stimuliert ( 1Hz , 37 Grad C , oxygenierte Krebs-Henseleit-Loesung ) . In Abhaengigkeit der Vorlast ( 0,8-1,05L/Lmax), der Nachlast ( Verkuerzung gegen eine definierte Kraft ) und der Frequenz ( 0,5-3Hz) wurden die aktive Kraftentwicklung , die passive Ruhespannung und intrazellulaere Calciumtransienten unter isometrischen und isotonen Bedingungen gemessen . Ergebnisse 1 ) NSH : entwickelt die maximale Kraftamplitude bei 2Hz , ICM hingegen bereits bei 1Hz . Hoehere Frequenzen fuehren bei ICM zu einem signifikanten Abfall der Kraft ( p 0,0001 ) . 2 ) Diastolische Calciumkonzentrationen und Ruhespannungen sind bei Frequenzen > 1,5Hz bei ICM signifikant erhoeht ( p 0,0001 ) . 3 ) Die Erhoehung der Vorlast fuehrt bei NSH und bei ICM zu aehnlichen Kraftanstiegen ( n.s. ) . 4 ) Die passive Ruhedehnungskurve ist bei ICM signifikant steiler ( p 0,0001 ) . 5 ) Eine reduzierte Nachlast fuehrt bei ICM zu einer massiven Calciumueberladung des Cytosols ( p 0,0001 ) . Schlussfolgerung : Im Endstadium der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie bleibt in primaer infarktfreien Myokardbezirken die Funktion des Frank-Starling-Mechanismus erhalten . Eine invertierte Kraft-Frequenz-Beziehung und Stoerungen der diastolischen Ca2+-Homoeostase, die mit Veraenderungen der passiven Ruhespannung verbunden sind , koennten jedoch nach den vorliegenden Befunden fuer das gestoerte Kontraktionsverhalten des Herzens bei ICM von entscheidender Bedeutung sein . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Bei dem Krankheitsbild der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie ( ICM ) kommt es zu Phaenotypenveraenderungen der Myozyten , die zu kritischen Veraenderungen der intrazellulaeren Ca2+-Homoeostase fuehren koennen . Diese Veraenderungen koennen die Kontraktilitaet des Herzens massgeblich beeinflussen und Rhythmusstoerungen beguenstigen . Am Modell des isolierten menschlichen Myokards prueft die vorliegende Untersuchung Kontraktionsverhalten diastolischen Ca2+-Haushalt und Ruhekraft , unter dem Einfluss der Vorlast , der Nachlast und der Frequenz . Methoden : Muskelfaserpraeparate 0,5x5,0mm) ( wurden aus der infarktfreien Zone linksventrikulaeren Myokards aus ICM-Empfaengerherzen ( n=8) und aus normalen Spenderherzen ( n=11) exzidiert , mit dem Calciumindikator FURA-2 geladen , auf optimale Laenge ( Lmax ) vorgedehnt und elektrisch stimuliert ( 1Hz , 37 Grad C , oxygenierte Krebs-Henseleit-Loesung ) . In Abhaengigkeit der Vorlast ( 0,8-1,05L/Lmax), der Nachlast ( Verkuerzung gegen eine definierte Kraft ) und der Frequenz ( 0,5-3Hz) wurden die aktive Kraftentwicklung , die passive Ruhespannung und intrazellulaere Calciumtransienten unter isometrischen und isotonen Bedingungen gemessen . Ergebnisse 1 ) NSH : entwickelt die maximale Kraftamplitude bei 2Hz , ICM hingegen bereits bei 1Hz . Hoehere Frequenzen fuehren bei ICM zu einem signifikanten Abfall der Kraft ( p 0,0001 ) . 2 ) Diastolische Calciumkonzentrationen und Ruhespannungen sind bei Frequenzen > 1,5Hz bei ICM signifikant erhoeht ( p 0,0001 ) . 3 ) Die Erhoehung der Vorlast fuehrt bei NSH und bei ICM zu aehnlichen Kraftanstiegen ( n.s. ) . 4 ) Die passive Ruhedehnungskurve ist bei ICM signifikant steiler ( p 0,0001 ) . 5 ) Eine reduzierte Nachlast fuehrt bei ICM zu einer massiven Calciumueberladung des Cytosols ( p 0,0001 ) . Schlussfolgerung : Im Endstadium der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie bleibt in primaer infarktfreien Myokardbezirken die Funktion des Frank-Starling-Mechanismus erhalten . Eine invertierte Kraft-Frequenz-Beziehung und Stoerungen der diastolischen Ca2+-Homoeostase, die mit Veraenderungen der passiven Ruhespannung verbunden sind , koennten jedoch nach den vorliegenden Befunden fuer das gestoerte Kontraktionsverhalten des Herzens bei ICM von entscheidender Bedeutung sein .	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Kardiomyopathie is an umlsterm, Myokards is an umlsterm, Kontraktionsverhalten is an umlsterm, Methoden is an umlsterm, Muskelfaserpraeparate is an umlsterm, infarktfreien is an umlsterm, Myokards is an umlsterm, Spenderherzen is an umlsterm, Kardiomyopathie is an umlsterm, infarktfreien is an umlsterm, Myokardbezirken is an umlsterm, Kontraktionsverhalten is an umlsterm	ZfuerHerzThoraxGefaesschirurgie.90130255.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Bei dem Krankheitsbild der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie ( ICM ) kommt es zu Phaenotypenveraenderungen der Myozyten , die zu kritischen Veraenderungen der intrazellulaeren Ca2+-Homoeostase fuehren koennen . Diese Veraenderungen koennen die Kontraktilitaet des Herzens massgeblich beeinflussen und Rhythmusstoerungen beguenstigen . Am Modell des isolierten menschlichen Myokards prueft die vorliegende Untersuchung Kontraktionsverhalten diastolischen Ca2+-Haushalt und Ruhekraft , unter dem Einfluss der Vorlast , der Nachlast und der Frequenz . Methoden : Muskelfaserpraeparate 0,5x5,0mm) ( wurden aus der infarktfreien Zone linksventrikulaeren Myokards aus ICM-Empfaengerherzen ( n=8) und aus normalen Spenderherzen ( n=11) exzidiert , mit dem Calciumindikator FURA-2 geladen , auf optimale Laenge ( Lmax ) vorgedehnt und elektrisch stimuliert ( 1Hz , 37 Grad C , oxygenierte Krebs-Henseleit-Loesung ) . In Abhaengigkeit der Vorlast ( 0,8-1,05L/Lmax), der Nachlast ( Verkuerzung gegen eine definierte Kraft ) und der Frequenz ( 0,5-3Hz) wurden die aktive Kraftentwicklung , die passive Ruhespannung und intrazellulaere Calciumtransienten unter isometrischen und isotonen Bedingungen gemessen . Ergebnisse 1 ) NSH : entwickelt die maximale Kraftamplitude bei 2Hz , ICM hingegen bereits bei 1Hz . Hoehere Frequenzen fuehren bei ICM zu einem signifikanten Abfall der Kraft ( p 0,0001 ) . 2 ) Diastolische Calciumkonzentrationen und Ruhespannungen sind bei Frequenzen > 1,5Hz bei ICM signifikant erhoeht ( p 0,0001 ) . 3 ) Die Erhoehung der Vorlast fuehrt bei NSH und bei ICM zu aehnlichen Kraftanstiegen ( n.s. ) . 4 ) Die passive Ruhedehnungskurve ist bei ICM signifikant steiler ( p 0,0001 ) . 5 ) Eine reduzierte Nachlast fuehrt bei ICM zu einer massiven Calciumueberladung des Cytosols ( p 0,0001 ) . Schlussfolgerung : Im Endstadium der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie bleibt in primaer infarktfreien Myokardbezirken die Funktion des Frank-Starling-Mechanismus erhalten . Eine invertierte Kraft-Frequenz-Beziehung und Stoerungen der diastolischen Ca2+-Homoeostase, die mit Veraenderungen der passiven Ruhespannung verbunden sind , koennten jedoch nach den vorliegenden Befunden fuer das gestoerte Kontraktionsverhalten des Herzens bei ICM von entscheidender Bedeutung sein . 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Diese Veraenderungen koennen die Kontraktilitaet des Herzens massgeblich beeinflussen und Rhythmusstoerungen beguenstigen . Am Modell des isolierten menschlichen Myokards prueft die vorliegende Untersuchung Kontraktionsverhalten diastolischen Ca2+-Haushalt und Ruhekraft , unter dem Einfluss der Vorlast , der Nachlast und der Frequenz . Methoden : Muskelfaserpraeparate 0,5x5,0mm) ( wurden aus der infarktfreien Zone linksventrikulaeren Myokards aus ICM-Empfaengerherzen ( n=8) und aus normalen Spenderherzen ( n=11) exzidiert , mit dem Calciumindikator FURA-2 geladen , auf optimale Laenge ( Lmax ) vorgedehnt und elektrisch stimuliert ( 1Hz , 37 Grad C , oxygenierte Krebs-Henseleit-Loesung ) . In Abhaengigkeit der Vorlast ( 0,8-1,05L/Lmax), der Nachlast ( Verkuerzung gegen eine definierte Kraft ) und der Frequenz ( 0,5-3Hz) wurden die aktive Kraftentwicklung , die passive Ruhespannung und intrazellulaere Calciumtransienten unter isometrischen und isotonen Bedingungen gemessen . Ergebnisse 1 ) NSH : entwickelt die maximale Kraftamplitude bei 2Hz , ICM hingegen bereits bei 1Hz . Hoehere Frequenzen fuehren bei ICM zu einem signifikanten Abfall der Kraft ( p 0,0001 ) . 2 ) Diastolische Calciumkonzentrationen und Ruhespannungen sind bei Frequenzen > 1,5Hz bei ICM signifikant erhoeht ( p 0,0001 ) . 3 ) Die Erhoehung der Vorlast fuehrt bei NSH und bei ICM zu aehnlichen Kraftanstiegen ( n.s. ) . 4 ) Die passive Ruhedehnungskurve ist bei ICM signifikant steiler ( p 0,0001 ) . 5 ) Eine reduzierte Nachlast fuehrt bei ICM zu einer massiven Calciumueberladung des Cytosols ( p 0,0001 ) . Schlussfolgerung : Im Endstadium der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie bleibt in primaer infarktfreien Myokardbezirken die Funktion des Frank-Starling-Mechanismus erhalten . Eine invertierte Kraft-Frequenz-Beziehung und Stoerungen der diastolischen Ca2+-Homoeostase, die mit Veraenderungen der passiven Ruhespannung verbunden sind , koennten jedoch nach den vorliegenden Befunden fuer das gestoerte Kontraktionsverhalten des Herzens bei ICM von entscheidender Bedeutung sein .	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Kardiomyopathie, Myokards, Kontraktionsverhalten, Methoden, Muskelfaserpraeparate, infarktfreien, Myokards, Spenderherzen, Kardiomyopathie, infarktfreien, Myokardbezirken, Kontraktionsverhalten	ZfuerHerzThoraxGefaesschirurgie.90130255.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Bei dem Krankheitsbild der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie ( ICM ) kommt es zu Phaenotypenveraenderungen der Myozyten , die zu kritischen Veraenderungen der intrazellulaeren Ca2+-Homoeostase fuehren koennen . Diese Veraenderungen koennen die Kontraktilitaet des Herzens massgeblich beeinflussen und Rhythmusstoerungen beguenstigen . Am Modell des isolierten menschlichen Myokards prueft die vorliegende Untersuchung Kontraktionsverhalten diastolischen Ca2+-Haushalt und Ruhekraft , unter dem Einfluss der Vorlast , der Nachlast und der Frequenz . Methoden : Muskelfaserpraeparate 0,5x5,0mm) ( wurden aus der infarktfreien Zone linksventrikulaeren Myokards aus ICM-Empfaengerherzen ( n=8) und aus normalen Spenderherzen ( n=11) exzidiert , mit dem Calciumindikator FURA-2 geladen , auf optimale Laenge ( Lmax ) vorgedehnt und elektrisch stimuliert ( 1Hz , 37 Grad C , oxygenierte Krebs-Henseleit-Loesung ) . In Abhaengigkeit der Vorlast ( 0,8-1,05L/Lmax), der Nachlast ( Verkuerzung gegen eine definierte Kraft ) und der Frequenz ( 0,5-3Hz) wurden die aktive Kraftentwicklung , die passive Ruhespannung und intrazellulaere Calciumtransienten unter isometrischen und isotonen Bedingungen gemessen . Ergebnisse 1 ) NSH : entwickelt die maximale Kraftamplitude bei 2Hz , ICM hingegen bereits bei 1Hz . Hoehere Frequenzen fuehren bei ICM zu einem signifikanten Abfall der Kraft ( p 0,0001 ) . 2 ) Diastolische Calciumkonzentrationen und Ruhespannungen sind bei Frequenzen > 1,5Hz bei ICM signifikant erhoeht ( p 0,0001 ) . 3 ) Die Erhoehung der Vorlast fuehrt bei NSH und bei ICM zu aehnlichen Kraftanstiegen ( n.s. ) . 4 ) Die passive Ruhedehnungskurve ist bei ICM signifikant steiler ( p 0,0001 ) . 5 ) Eine reduzierte Nachlast fuehrt bei ICM zu einer massiven Calciumueberladung des Cytosols ( p 0,0001 ) . Schlussfolgerung : Im Endstadium der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie bleibt in primaer infarktfreien Myokardbezirken die Funktion des Frank-Starling-Mechanismus erhalten . Eine invertierte Kraft-Frequenz-Beziehung und Stoerungen der diastolischen Ca2+-Homoeostase, die mit Veraenderungen der passiven Ruhespannung verbunden sind , koennten jedoch nach den vorliegenden Befunden fuer das gestoerte Kontraktionsverhalten des Herzens bei ICM von entscheidender Bedeutung sein . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Bei dem Krankheitsbild der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie ( ICM ) kommt es zu Phaenotypenveraenderungen der Myozyten , die zu kritischen Veraenderungen der intrazellulaeren Ca2+-Homoeostase fuehren koennen . Diese Veraenderungen koennen die Kontraktilitaet des Herzens massgeblich beeinflussen und Rhythmusstoerungen beguenstigen . Am Modell des isolierten menschlichen Myokards prueft die vorliegende Untersuchung Kontraktionsverhalten diastolischen Ca2+-Haushalt und Ruhekraft , unter dem Einfluss der Vorlast , der Nachlast und der Frequenz . Methoden : Muskelfaserpraeparate 0,5x5,0mm) ( wurden aus der infarktfreien Zone linksventrikulaeren Myokards aus ICM-Empfaengerherzen ( n=8) und aus normalen Spenderherzen ( n=11) exzidiert , mit dem Calciumindikator FURA-2 geladen , auf optimale Laenge ( Lmax ) vorgedehnt und elektrisch stimuliert ( 1Hz , 37 Grad C , oxygenierte Krebs-Henseleit-Loesung ) . In Abhaengigkeit der Vorlast ( 0,8-1,05L/Lmax), der Nachlast ( Verkuerzung gegen eine definierte Kraft ) und der Frequenz ( 0,5-3Hz) wurden die aktive Kraftentwicklung , die passive Ruhespannung und intrazellulaere Calciumtransienten unter isometrischen und isotonen Bedingungen gemessen . Ergebnisse 1 ) NSH : entwickelt die maximale Kraftamplitude bei 2Hz , ICM hingegen bereits bei 1Hz . Hoehere Frequenzen fuehren bei ICM zu einem signifikanten Abfall der Kraft ( p 0,0001 ) . 2 ) Diastolische Calciumkonzentrationen und Ruhespannungen sind bei Frequenzen > 1,5Hz bei ICM signifikant erhoeht ( p 0,0001 ) . 3 ) Die Erhoehung der Vorlast fuehrt bei NSH und bei ICM zu aehnlichen Kraftanstiegen ( n.s. ) . 4 ) Die passive Ruhedehnungskurve ist bei ICM signifikant steiler ( p 0,0001 ) . 5 ) Eine reduzierte Nachlast fuehrt bei ICM zu einer massiven Calciumueberladung des Cytosols ( p 0,0001 ) . Schlussfolgerung : Im Endstadium der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie bleibt in primaer infarktfreien Myokardbezirken die Funktion des Frank-Starling-Mechanismus erhalten . Eine invertierte Kraft-Frequenz-Beziehung und Stoerungen der diastolischen Ca2+-Homoeostase, die mit Veraenderungen der passiven Ruhespannung verbunden sind , koennten jedoch nach den vorliegenden Befunden fuer das gestoerte Kontraktionsverhalten des Herzens bei ICM von entscheidender Bedeutung sein .	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cancer is a Cancer, Cancer cells is a Cell, cells is a Cell, cells is a Cell, mitochondrial is a Cellular_component, cancer cells is a Cell, glucose is a Simple_chemical, ATP is a Simple_chemical, cancer cells is a Cell, cancer cells is a Cell, area is a Cancer, cancer is a Cancer, cancer cells is a Cell, cancer cells is a Cell, cancer is a Cancer, patients is a Organism, tumor cell is a Cell, cancer is a Cancer	112_task0	Sentence: Emerging metabolic targets in cancer therapy. Cancer cells are different from normal cells in their metabolic properties. Normal cells mostly rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to produce energy. In contrast, cancer cells depend mostly on glycolysis, the aerobic breakdown of glucose into ATP. This altered energy dependency is known as the "Warburg effect" and is a hallmark of cancer cells. In recent years, investigating the metabolic changes within cancer cells has been a rapidly growing area. Emerging evidence shows that oncogenes that drive the cancer-promoting signals also drive the altered metabolism. Although the exact mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect are unclear, the existing evidence suggests that increased glycolysis plays an important role in support malignant behavior of cancer cells. A thorough understanding of the unique metabolism of cancer cells will help to design of more effective drugs targeting metabolic pathways, which will greatly impact the capacity to effectively treat cancer patients. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of the Warburg effect upon tumor cell growth and survival, and discussion on the potential metabolic targets for cancer therapy. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Organism, Simple_chemical, Cancer, Cellular_component, Cell	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Simple_chemical", "O", "B-Simple_chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O" ]	Emerging metabolic targets in cancer therapy. Cancer cells are different from normal cells in their metabolic properties. Normal cells mostly rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to produce energy. In contrast, cancer cells depend mostly on glycolysis, the aerobic breakdown of glucose into ATP. This altered energy dependency is known as the "Warburg effect" and is a hallmark of cancer cells. In recent years, investigating the metabolic changes within cancer cells has been a rapidly growing area. Emerging evidence shows that oncogenes that drive the cancer-promoting signals also drive the altered metabolism. Although the exact mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect are unclear, the existing evidence suggests that increased glycolysis plays an important role in support malignant behavior of cancer cells. A thorough understanding of the unique metabolism of cancer cells will help to design of more effective drugs targeting metabolic pathways, which will greatly impact the capacity to effectively treat cancer patients. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of the Warburg effect upon tumor cell growth and survival, and discussion on the potential metabolic targets for cancer therapy.	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cancer is a Cancer, Cancer cells is a Cell, cells is a Cell, cells is a Cell, mitochondrial is a Cellular_component, cancer cells is a Cell, glucose is a Simple_chemical, ATP is a Simple_chemical, cancer cells is a Cell, cancer cells is a Cell, area is a Cancer, cancer is a Cancer, cancer cells is a Cell, cancer cells is a Cell, cancer is a Cancer, patients is a Organism, tumor cell is a Cell, cancer is a Cancer	112_task1	Sentence: Emerging metabolic targets in cancer therapy. Cancer cells are different from normal cells in their metabolic properties. Normal cells mostly rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to produce energy. In contrast, cancer cells depend mostly on glycolysis, the aerobic breakdown of glucose into ATP. This altered energy dependency is known as the "Warburg effect" and is a hallmark of cancer cells. In recent years, investigating the metabolic changes within cancer cells has been a rapidly growing area. Emerging evidence shows that oncogenes that drive the cancer-promoting signals also drive the altered metabolism. Although the exact mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect are unclear, the existing evidence suggests that increased glycolysis plays an important role in support malignant behavior of cancer cells. A thorough understanding of the unique metabolism of cancer cells will help to design of more effective drugs targeting metabolic pathways, which will greatly impact the capacity to effectively treat cancer patients. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of the Warburg effect upon tumor cell growth and survival, and discussion on the potential metabolic targets for cancer therapy. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cancer, Cancer cells, cells, cells, mitochondrial, cancer cells, glucose, ATP, cancer cells, cancer cells, area, cancer, cancer cells, cancer cells, cancer, patients, tumor cell, cancer Options: Organism, Simple_chemical, Cancer, Cellular_component, Cell	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Simple_chemical", "O", "B-Simple_chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O" ]	Emerging metabolic targets in cancer therapy. Cancer cells are different from normal cells in their metabolic properties. Normal cells mostly rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to produce energy. In contrast, cancer cells depend mostly on glycolysis, the aerobic breakdown of glucose into ATP. This altered energy dependency is known as the "Warburg effect" and is a hallmark of cancer cells. In recent years, investigating the metabolic changes within cancer cells has been a rapidly growing area. Emerging evidence shows that oncogenes that drive the cancer-promoting signals also drive the altered metabolism. Although the exact mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect are unclear, the existing evidence suggests that increased glycolysis plays an important role in support malignant behavior of cancer cells. A thorough understanding of the unique metabolism of cancer cells will help to design of more effective drugs targeting metabolic pathways, which will greatly impact the capacity to effectively treat cancer patients. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of the Warburg effect upon tumor cell growth and survival, and discussion on the potential metabolic targets for cancer therapy.	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cancer, Cancer cells, cells, cells, mitochondrial, cancer cells, glucose, ATP, cancer cells, cancer cells, area, cancer, cancer cells, cancer cells, cancer, patients, tumor cell, cancer	112_task2	Sentence: Emerging metabolic targets in cancer therapy. Cancer cells are different from normal cells in their metabolic properties. Normal cells mostly rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to produce energy. In contrast, cancer cells depend mostly on glycolysis, the aerobic breakdown of glucose into ATP. This altered energy dependency is known as the "Warburg effect" and is a hallmark of cancer cells. In recent years, investigating the metabolic changes within cancer cells has been a rapidly growing area. Emerging evidence shows that oncogenes that drive the cancer-promoting signals also drive the altered metabolism. Although the exact mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect are unclear, the existing evidence suggests that increased glycolysis plays an important role in support malignant behavior of cancer cells. A thorough understanding of the unique metabolism of cancer cells will help to design of more effective drugs targeting metabolic pathways, which will greatly impact the capacity to effectively treat cancer patients. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of the Warburg effect upon tumor cell growth and survival, and discussion on the potential metabolic targets for cancer therapy. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Simple_chemical", "O", "B-Simple_chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "B-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cell", "I-Cell", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cancer", "O", "O", "O" ]	Emerging metabolic targets in cancer therapy. Cancer cells are different from normal cells in their metabolic properties. Normal cells mostly rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to produce energy. In contrast, cancer cells depend mostly on glycolysis, the aerobic breakdown of glucose into ATP. This altered energy dependency is known as the "Warburg effect" and is a hallmark of cancer cells. In recent years, investigating the metabolic changes within cancer cells has been a rapidly growing area. Emerging evidence shows that oncogenes that drive the cancer-promoting signals also drive the altered metabolism. Although the exact mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect are unclear, the existing evidence suggests that increased glycolysis plays an important role in support malignant behavior of cancer cells. A thorough understanding of the unique metabolism of cancer cells will help to design of more effective drugs targeting metabolic pathways, which will greatly impact the capacity to effectively treat cancer patients. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of the Warburg effect upon tumor cell growth and survival, and discussion on the potential metabolic targets for cancer therapy.	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adenoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, M0 is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, leucemia mieloblástica aguda is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA	763_task0	Sentence: Anamnesis Paciente de 71 años sin alergias medicamentosas, antecedentes personales de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica tipo enfisematoso, neumotórax izquierdo en 1994 secundario a ruptura de bullas que precisó pleurodesis, adenoma de próstata E hipertensión arterial en tratamiento con betabloqueantes. El comienzo clínico se inicia en mayo de 2009al desarrollar un cuadro de disnea a moderados esfuerzos de 48 horas y esputos hemoptoicos. Exploración física Se aprecia una disminución del murmullo vesicular en el lóbulo superior derecho, con roncus aislados asociados; no se palpan adenopatías ni megalias. Resto de la exploración dentro de la normalidad. Pruebas complementarias » Se solicita un estudio inicial con radiografía de tórax, donde se evidencia una masa paratraqueal derecha. » En la tomografía computarizada (TC) de mayo de 2009 se visualiza una tumoración pulmonar en el lóbulo superior derecho (LSD) de 88 mm con infiltración mediastínica, de la arteria pulmonar del lóbulo superior y una adenopatía mediastínica en situación anterior al bronquio principal derecho de 20 mm, confirmado por tomografía de emisión de positrones (PET). » Se completa el estudio con una biopsia con aguja fina, con resultado anatomopatológico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón,EGFR no mutado. Diagnóstico El caso es discutido en comité multidisciplinar de patología pulmonar, y con el juicio clínico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón cT4 N2 M0, estadio IIIB, se decide radioterapia (RT) concomitante con quimioterapia con intención neoadyuvante, para valorar posteriormente la posibilidad quirúrgica. Tratamiento Se realiza preplanificación pero el volumen 20 de 43%, el patrón de enfisema centrolobulillar bilateral, así como la pérdida de volumen del hemitórax izquierdo con retracción mediastínica desaconsejan el inicio de RT. El paciente inicia quimioterapia de inducción con carboplatino-gemcitabina, siendo evaluado tras tres ciclos en julio de 2009 en respuesta parcial radiológica pulmonar y ganglionar. La lesión en el lóbulo superior derecho ha disminuido de 88 a 47 mm y la adenopatía mediastínica derecha ha disminuido de 20 a 14 mm. El caso es replanteado en comité de tumores y se desestima tratamiento quirúrgico por evidenciarse en la gammagrafía de difusión pulmonar una distribución heterogénea con función pulmonar derecha del 41%e izquierda del 59%. Se repite la preplanificación, siendo el V20de 28%, y se decide quimioterapiaen régimen semanal con carboplatino-paclitaxel concomitante con radioterapia utilizando cinco campos de fotones de 6 Mev conformados con colimador a razón de 2 Gy/día, 5 días a la semana hasta 60 Gy sobre la lesión pulmonar y mediastínica. La tolerancia fue buena, con esofagitis grado 2 y dermitis grado 1. Tras finalizar el tratamiento en octubre de 2009 presenta una respuesta parcial radiológica, con una disminución de 47 a 35 mm de la lesión en el lóbulo pulmonar derecho y de 14 a 9 mm de la adenopatía mediastínica derecha. Evolución Tras un intervalo libre de progresión de 30 meses, se objetiva en la TC de control de abril de 2012 un nódulo pulmonar en el LSD de 11 mm. El caso es comentado de nuevo en el seno del comité multidisciplinar, y se considera que es abordable mediante termoablación por radiofrecuencia pulmonar con electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 25 mm, objetivando tras la realización de la misma una remisión. Tras un segundo intervalo libre de progresión de 8 meses, en diciembre de 2012se evidencia progresión en la pared anterior del nódulo previamente tratado con radiofrecuencia, que presenta un diámetro máximo de 16 mm. Se presenta el caso en comité de tumores y se propone una segunda termoablación del nódulo en el LSDsobre el área de cavitacióncon electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 30 mm de diámetro en dos sesiones mediante retirada progresiva del electrodo, produciéndose un neumotórax, que es drenado. En marzo de 2014, un año y tres meses tras el procedimiento, se lleva a cabo un control radiológico mediante TC torácica con contraste que no evidencia signos de progresión. El paciente fue diagnosticado de una leucemia mieloblástica aguda asociada a una neumonía bilateral por Candida krusei e insuficiencia respiratoria global, siendo exitus el 2/4/2015. 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El comienzo clínico se inicia en mayo de 2009al desarrollar un cuadro de disnea a moderados esfuerzos de 48 horas y esputos hemoptoicos. Exploración física Se aprecia una disminución del murmullo vesicular en el lóbulo superior derecho, con roncus aislados asociados; no se palpan adenopatías ni megalias. Resto de la exploración dentro de la normalidad. Pruebas complementarias » Se solicita un estudio inicial con radiografía de tórax, donde se evidencia una masa paratraqueal derecha. » En la tomografía computarizada (TC) de mayo de 2009 se visualiza una tumoración pulmonar en el lóbulo superior derecho (LSD) de 88 mm con infiltración mediastínica, de la arteria pulmonar del lóbulo superior y una adenopatía mediastínica en situación anterior al bronquio principal derecho de 20 mm, confirmado por tomografía de emisión de positrones (PET). » Se completa el estudio con una biopsia con aguja fina, con resultado anatomopatológico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón,EGFR no mutado. Diagnóstico El caso es discutido en comité multidisciplinar de patología pulmonar, y con el juicio clínico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón cT4 N2 M0, estadio IIIB, se decide radioterapia (RT) concomitante con quimioterapia con intención neoadyuvante, para valorar posteriormente la posibilidad quirúrgica. Tratamiento Se realiza preplanificación pero el volumen 20 de 43%, el patrón de enfisema centrolobulillar bilateral, así como la pérdida de volumen del hemitórax izquierdo con retracción mediastínica desaconsejan el inicio de RT. El paciente inicia quimioterapia de inducción con carboplatino-gemcitabina, siendo evaluado tras tres ciclos en julio de 2009 en respuesta parcial radiológica pulmonar y ganglionar. La lesión en el lóbulo superior derecho ha disminuido de 88 a 47 mm y la adenopatía mediastínica derecha ha disminuido de 20 a 14 mm. El caso es replanteado en comité de tumores y se desestima tratamiento quirúrgico por evidenciarse en la gammagrafía de difusión pulmonar una distribución heterogénea con función pulmonar derecha del 41%e izquierda del 59%. Se repite la preplanificación, siendo el V20de 28%, y se decide quimioterapiaen régimen semanal con carboplatino-paclitaxel concomitante con radioterapia utilizando cinco campos de fotones de 6 Mev conformados con colimador a razón de 2 Gy/día, 5 días a la semana hasta 60 Gy sobre la lesión pulmonar y mediastínica. La tolerancia fue buena, con esofagitis grado 2 y dermitis grado 1. Tras finalizar el tratamiento en octubre de 2009 presenta una respuesta parcial radiológica, con una disminución de 47 a 35 mm de la lesión en el lóbulo pulmonar derecho y de 14 a 9 mm de la adenopatía mediastínica derecha. Evolución Tras un intervalo libre de progresión de 30 meses, se objetiva en la TC de control de abril de 2012 un nódulo pulmonar en el LSD de 11 mm. El caso es comentado de nuevo en el seno del comité multidisciplinar, y se considera que es abordable mediante termoablación por radiofrecuencia pulmonar con electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 25 mm, objetivando tras la realización de la misma una remisión. Tras un segundo intervalo libre de progresión de 8 meses, en diciembre de 2012se evidencia progresión en la pared anterior del nódulo previamente tratado con radiofrecuencia, que presenta un diámetro máximo de 16 mm. Se presenta el caso en comité de tumores y se propone una segunda termoablación del nódulo en el LSDsobre el área de cavitacióncon electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 30 mm de diámetro en dos sesiones mediante retirada progresiva del electrodo, produciéndose un neumotórax, que es drenado. En marzo de 2014, un año y tres meses tras el procedimiento, se lleva a cabo un control radiológico mediante TC torácica con contraste que no evidencia signos de progresión. El paciente fue diagnosticado de una leucemia mieloblástica aguda asociada a una neumonía bilateral por Candida krusei e insuficiencia respiratoria global, siendo exitus el 2/4/2015.	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".", "\n\n", "Diagnóstico", "\n", "El", "caso", "es", "discutido", "en", "comité", "multidisciplinar", "de", "patología", "pulmonar", ",", "y", "con", "el", "juicio", "clínico", "de", "adenocarcinoma", "de", "pulmón", "cT4", "N2", "M0", ",", "estadio", "IIIB", ",", "se", "decide", "radioterapia", "(", "RT", ")", "concomitante", "con", "quimioterapia", "con", "intención", "neoadyuvante", ",", "para", "valorar", "posteriormente", "la", "posibilidad", "quirúrgica", ".", "\n\n", "Tratamiento", "\n", "Se", "realiza", "preplanificación", "pero", "el", "volumen", "20", "de", "43", "%", ",", "el", "patrón", "de", "enfisema", "centrolobulillar", "bilateral", ",", "así", "como", "la", "pérdida", "de", "volumen", "del", "hemitórax", "izquierdo", "con", "retracción", "mediastínica", "desaconsejan", "el", "inicio", "de", "RT", ".", "El", "paciente", "inicia", "quimioterapia", "de", "inducción", "con", "carboplatino", "-", "gemcitabina", ",", "siendo", "evaluado", "tras", "tres", "ciclos", "en", 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adenoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, M0 is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, leucemia mieloblástica aguda is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA	763_task1	Sentence: Anamnesis Paciente de 71 años sin alergias medicamentosas, antecedentes personales de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica tipo enfisematoso, neumotórax izquierdo en 1994 secundario a ruptura de bullas que precisó pleurodesis, adenoma de próstata E hipertensión arterial en tratamiento con betabloqueantes. El comienzo clínico se inicia en mayo de 2009al desarrollar un cuadro de disnea a moderados esfuerzos de 48 horas y esputos hemoptoicos. Exploración física Se aprecia una disminución del murmullo vesicular en el lóbulo superior derecho, con roncus aislados asociados; no se palpan adenopatías ni megalias. Resto de la exploración dentro de la normalidad. Pruebas complementarias » Se solicita un estudio inicial con radiografía de tórax, donde se evidencia una masa paratraqueal derecha. » En la tomografía computarizada (TC) de mayo de 2009 se visualiza una tumoración pulmonar en el lóbulo superior derecho (LSD) de 88 mm con infiltración mediastínica, de la arteria pulmonar del lóbulo superior y una adenopatía mediastínica en situación anterior al bronquio principal derecho de 20 mm, confirmado por tomografía de emisión de positrones (PET). » Se completa el estudio con una biopsia con aguja fina, con resultado anatomopatológico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón,EGFR no mutado. Diagnóstico El caso es discutido en comité multidisciplinar de patología pulmonar, y con el juicio clínico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón cT4 N2 M0, estadio IIIB, se decide radioterapia (RT) concomitante con quimioterapia con intención neoadyuvante, para valorar posteriormente la posibilidad quirúrgica. Tratamiento Se realiza preplanificación pero el volumen 20 de 43%, el patrón de enfisema centrolobulillar bilateral, así como la pérdida de volumen del hemitórax izquierdo con retracción mediastínica desaconsejan el inicio de RT. El paciente inicia quimioterapia de inducción con carboplatino-gemcitabina, siendo evaluado tras tres ciclos en julio de 2009 en respuesta parcial radiológica pulmonar y ganglionar. La lesión en el lóbulo superior derecho ha disminuido de 88 a 47 mm y la adenopatía mediastínica derecha ha disminuido de 20 a 14 mm. El caso es replanteado en comité de tumores y se desestima tratamiento quirúrgico por evidenciarse en la gammagrafía de difusión pulmonar una distribución heterogénea con función pulmonar derecha del 41%e izquierda del 59%. Se repite la preplanificación, siendo el V20de 28%, y se decide quimioterapiaen régimen semanal con carboplatino-paclitaxel concomitante con radioterapia utilizando cinco campos de fotones de 6 Mev conformados con colimador a razón de 2 Gy/día, 5 días a la semana hasta 60 Gy sobre la lesión pulmonar y mediastínica. La tolerancia fue buena, con esofagitis grado 2 y dermitis grado 1. Tras finalizar el tratamiento en octubre de 2009 presenta una respuesta parcial radiológica, con una disminución de 47 a 35 mm de la lesión en el lóbulo pulmonar derecho y de 14 a 9 mm de la adenopatía mediastínica derecha. Evolución Tras un intervalo libre de progresión de 30 meses, se objetiva en la TC de control de abril de 2012 un nódulo pulmonar en el LSD de 11 mm. El caso es comentado de nuevo en el seno del comité multidisciplinar, y se considera que es abordable mediante termoablación por radiofrecuencia pulmonar con electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 25 mm, objetivando tras la realización de la misma una remisión. Tras un segundo intervalo libre de progresión de 8 meses, en diciembre de 2012se evidencia progresión en la pared anterior del nódulo previamente tratado con radiofrecuencia, que presenta un diámetro máximo de 16 mm. Se presenta el caso en comité de tumores y se propone una segunda termoablación del nódulo en el LSDsobre el área de cavitacióncon electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 30 mm de diámetro en dos sesiones mediante retirada progresiva del electrodo, produciéndose un neumotórax, que es drenado. En marzo de 2014, un año y tres meses tras el procedimiento, se lleva a cabo un control radiológico mediante TC torácica con contraste que no evidencia signos de progresión. El paciente fue diagnosticado de una leucemia mieloblástica aguda asociada a una neumonía bilateral por Candida krusei e insuficiencia respiratoria global, siendo exitus el 2/4/2015. 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El comienzo clínico se inicia en mayo de 2009al desarrollar un cuadro de disnea a moderados esfuerzos de 48 horas y esputos hemoptoicos. Exploración física Se aprecia una disminución del murmullo vesicular en el lóbulo superior derecho, con roncus aislados asociados; no se palpan adenopatías ni megalias. Resto de la exploración dentro de la normalidad. Pruebas complementarias » Se solicita un estudio inicial con radiografía de tórax, donde se evidencia una masa paratraqueal derecha. » En la tomografía computarizada (TC) de mayo de 2009 se visualiza una tumoración pulmonar en el lóbulo superior derecho (LSD) de 88 mm con infiltración mediastínica, de la arteria pulmonar del lóbulo superior y una adenopatía mediastínica en situación anterior al bronquio principal derecho de 20 mm, confirmado por tomografía de emisión de positrones (PET). » Se completa el estudio con una biopsia con aguja fina, con resultado anatomopatológico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón,EGFR no mutado. Diagnóstico El caso es discutido en comité multidisciplinar de patología pulmonar, y con el juicio clínico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón cT4 N2 M0, estadio IIIB, se decide radioterapia (RT) concomitante con quimioterapia con intención neoadyuvante, para valorar posteriormente la posibilidad quirúrgica. Tratamiento Se realiza preplanificación pero el volumen 20 de 43%, el patrón de enfisema centrolobulillar bilateral, así como la pérdida de volumen del hemitórax izquierdo con retracción mediastínica desaconsejan el inicio de RT. El paciente inicia quimioterapia de inducción con carboplatino-gemcitabina, siendo evaluado tras tres ciclos en julio de 2009 en respuesta parcial radiológica pulmonar y ganglionar. La lesión en el lóbulo superior derecho ha disminuido de 88 a 47 mm y la adenopatía mediastínica derecha ha disminuido de 20 a 14 mm. El caso es replanteado en comité de tumores y se desestima tratamiento quirúrgico por evidenciarse en la gammagrafía de difusión pulmonar una distribución heterogénea con función pulmonar derecha del 41%e izquierda del 59%. Se repite la preplanificación, siendo el V20de 28%, y se decide quimioterapiaen régimen semanal con carboplatino-paclitaxel concomitante con radioterapia utilizando cinco campos de fotones de 6 Mev conformados con colimador a razón de 2 Gy/día, 5 días a la semana hasta 60 Gy sobre la lesión pulmonar y mediastínica. La tolerancia fue buena, con esofagitis grado 2 y dermitis grado 1. Tras finalizar el tratamiento en octubre de 2009 presenta una respuesta parcial radiológica, con una disminución de 47 a 35 mm de la lesión en el lóbulo pulmonar derecho y de 14 a 9 mm de la adenopatía mediastínica derecha. Evolución Tras un intervalo libre de progresión de 30 meses, se objetiva en la TC de control de abril de 2012 un nódulo pulmonar en el LSD de 11 mm. El caso es comentado de nuevo en el seno del comité multidisciplinar, y se considera que es abordable mediante termoablación por radiofrecuencia pulmonar con electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 25 mm, objetivando tras la realización de la misma una remisión. Tras un segundo intervalo libre de progresión de 8 meses, en diciembre de 2012se evidencia progresión en la pared anterior del nódulo previamente tratado con radiofrecuencia, que presenta un diámetro máximo de 16 mm. Se presenta el caso en comité de tumores y se propone una segunda termoablación del nódulo en el LSDsobre el área de cavitacióncon electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 30 mm de diámetro en dos sesiones mediante retirada progresiva del electrodo, produciéndose un neumotórax, que es drenado. En marzo de 2014, un año y tres meses tras el procedimiento, se lleva a cabo un control radiológico mediante TC torácica con contraste que no evidencia signos de progresión. El paciente fue diagnosticado de una leucemia mieloblástica aguda asociada a una neumonía bilateral por Candida krusei e insuficiencia respiratoria global, siendo exitus el 2/4/2015.	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adenoma, tumoración, adenocarcinoma, adenocarcinoma, M0, leucemia mieloblástica aguda	763_task2	Sentence: Anamnesis Paciente de 71 años sin alergias medicamentosas, antecedentes personales de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica tipo enfisematoso, neumotórax izquierdo en 1994 secundario a ruptura de bullas que precisó pleurodesis, adenoma de próstata E hipertensión arterial en tratamiento con betabloqueantes. El comienzo clínico se inicia en mayo de 2009al desarrollar un cuadro de disnea a moderados esfuerzos de 48 horas y esputos hemoptoicos. Exploración física Se aprecia una disminución del murmullo vesicular en el lóbulo superior derecho, con roncus aislados asociados; no se palpan adenopatías ni megalias. Resto de la exploración dentro de la normalidad. Pruebas complementarias » Se solicita un estudio inicial con radiografía de tórax, donde se evidencia una masa paratraqueal derecha. » En la tomografía computarizada (TC) de mayo de 2009 se visualiza una tumoración pulmonar en el lóbulo superior derecho (LSD) de 88 mm con infiltración mediastínica, de la arteria pulmonar del lóbulo superior y una adenopatía mediastínica en situación anterior al bronquio principal derecho de 20 mm, confirmado por tomografía de emisión de positrones (PET). » Se completa el estudio con una biopsia con aguja fina, con resultado anatomopatológico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón,EGFR no mutado. Diagnóstico El caso es discutido en comité multidisciplinar de patología pulmonar, y con el juicio clínico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón cT4 N2 M0, estadio IIIB, se decide radioterapia (RT) concomitante con quimioterapia con intención neoadyuvante, para valorar posteriormente la posibilidad quirúrgica. Tratamiento Se realiza preplanificación pero el volumen 20 de 43%, el patrón de enfisema centrolobulillar bilateral, así como la pérdida de volumen del hemitórax izquierdo con retracción mediastínica desaconsejan el inicio de RT. El paciente inicia quimioterapia de inducción con carboplatino-gemcitabina, siendo evaluado tras tres ciclos en julio de 2009 en respuesta parcial radiológica pulmonar y ganglionar. La lesión en el lóbulo superior derecho ha disminuido de 88 a 47 mm y la adenopatía mediastínica derecha ha disminuido de 20 a 14 mm. El caso es replanteado en comité de tumores y se desestima tratamiento quirúrgico por evidenciarse en la gammagrafía de difusión pulmonar una distribución heterogénea con función pulmonar derecha del 41%e izquierda del 59%. Se repite la preplanificación, siendo el V20de 28%, y se decide quimioterapiaen régimen semanal con carboplatino-paclitaxel concomitante con radioterapia utilizando cinco campos de fotones de 6 Mev conformados con colimador a razón de 2 Gy/día, 5 días a la semana hasta 60 Gy sobre la lesión pulmonar y mediastínica. La tolerancia fue buena, con esofagitis grado 2 y dermitis grado 1. Tras finalizar el tratamiento en octubre de 2009 presenta una respuesta parcial radiológica, con una disminución de 47 a 35 mm de la lesión en el lóbulo pulmonar derecho y de 14 a 9 mm de la adenopatía mediastínica derecha. Evolución Tras un intervalo libre de progresión de 30 meses, se objetiva en la TC de control de abril de 2012 un nódulo pulmonar en el LSD de 11 mm. El caso es comentado de nuevo en el seno del comité multidisciplinar, y se considera que es abordable mediante termoablación por radiofrecuencia pulmonar con electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 25 mm, objetivando tras la realización de la misma una remisión. Tras un segundo intervalo libre de progresión de 8 meses, en diciembre de 2012se evidencia progresión en la pared anterior del nódulo previamente tratado con radiofrecuencia, que presenta un diámetro máximo de 16 mm. Se presenta el caso en comité de tumores y se propone una segunda termoablación del nódulo en el LSDsobre el área de cavitacióncon electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 30 mm de diámetro en dos sesiones mediante retirada progresiva del electrodo, produciéndose un neumotórax, que es drenado. En marzo de 2014, un año y tres meses tras el procedimiento, se lleva a cabo un control radiológico mediante TC torácica con contraste que no evidencia signos de progresión. El paciente fue diagnosticado de una leucemia mieloblástica aguda asociada a una neumonía bilateral por Candida krusei e insuficiencia respiratoria global, siendo exitus el 2/4/2015. 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El comienzo clínico se inicia en mayo de 2009al desarrollar un cuadro de disnea a moderados esfuerzos de 48 horas y esputos hemoptoicos. Exploración física Se aprecia una disminución del murmullo vesicular en el lóbulo superior derecho, con roncus aislados asociados; no se palpan adenopatías ni megalias. Resto de la exploración dentro de la normalidad. Pruebas complementarias » Se solicita un estudio inicial con radiografía de tórax, donde se evidencia una masa paratraqueal derecha. » En la tomografía computarizada (TC) de mayo de 2009 se visualiza una tumoración pulmonar en el lóbulo superior derecho (LSD) de 88 mm con infiltración mediastínica, de la arteria pulmonar del lóbulo superior y una adenopatía mediastínica en situación anterior al bronquio principal derecho de 20 mm, confirmado por tomografía de emisión de positrones (PET). » Se completa el estudio con una biopsia con aguja fina, con resultado anatomopatológico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón,EGFR no mutado. Diagnóstico El caso es discutido en comité multidisciplinar de patología pulmonar, y con el juicio clínico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón cT4 N2 M0, estadio IIIB, se decide radioterapia (RT) concomitante con quimioterapia con intención neoadyuvante, para valorar posteriormente la posibilidad quirúrgica. Tratamiento Se realiza preplanificación pero el volumen 20 de 43%, el patrón de enfisema centrolobulillar bilateral, así como la pérdida de volumen del hemitórax izquierdo con retracción mediastínica desaconsejan el inicio de RT. El paciente inicia quimioterapia de inducción con carboplatino-gemcitabina, siendo evaluado tras tres ciclos en julio de 2009 en respuesta parcial radiológica pulmonar y ganglionar. La lesión en el lóbulo superior derecho ha disminuido de 88 a 47 mm y la adenopatía mediastínica derecha ha disminuido de 20 a 14 mm. El caso es replanteado en comité de tumores y se desestima tratamiento quirúrgico por evidenciarse en la gammagrafía de difusión pulmonar una distribución heterogénea con función pulmonar derecha del 41%e izquierda del 59%. Se repite la preplanificación, siendo el V20de 28%, y se decide quimioterapiaen régimen semanal con carboplatino-paclitaxel concomitante con radioterapia utilizando cinco campos de fotones de 6 Mev conformados con colimador a razón de 2 Gy/día, 5 días a la semana hasta 60 Gy sobre la lesión pulmonar y mediastínica. La tolerancia fue buena, con esofagitis grado 2 y dermitis grado 1. Tras finalizar el tratamiento en octubre de 2009 presenta una respuesta parcial radiológica, con una disminución de 47 a 35 mm de la lesión en el lóbulo pulmonar derecho y de 14 a 9 mm de la adenopatía mediastínica derecha. Evolución Tras un intervalo libre de progresión de 30 meses, se objetiva en la TC de control de abril de 2012 un nódulo pulmonar en el LSD de 11 mm. El caso es comentado de nuevo en el seno del comité multidisciplinar, y se considera que es abordable mediante termoablación por radiofrecuencia pulmonar con electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 25 mm, objetivando tras la realización de la misma una remisión. Tras un segundo intervalo libre de progresión de 8 meses, en diciembre de 2012se evidencia progresión en la pared anterior del nódulo previamente tratado con radiofrecuencia, que presenta un diámetro máximo de 16 mm. Se presenta el caso en comité de tumores y se propone una segunda termoablación del nódulo en el LSDsobre el área de cavitacióncon electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 30 mm de diámetro en dos sesiones mediante retirada progresiva del electrodo, produciéndose un neumotórax, que es drenado. En marzo de 2014, un año y tres meses tras el procedimiento, se lleva a cabo un control radiológico mediante TC torácica con contraste que no evidencia signos de progresión. El paciente fue diagnosticado de una leucemia mieloblástica aguda asociada a una neumonía bilateral por Candida krusei e insuficiencia respiratoria global, siendo exitus el 2/4/2015.	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"se", "considera", "que", "es", "abordable", "mediante", "termoablación", "por", "radiofrecuencia", "pulmonar", "con", "electrodo", "de", "Le", "Veen", "con", "apertura", "máxima", "de", "25", "mm", ",", "objetivando", "tras", "la", "realización", "de", "la", "misma", "una", "remisión", ".", "\n\n", "Tras", "un", "segundo", "intervalo", "libre", "de", "progresión", "de", "8", "meses", ",", "en", "diciembre", "de", "2012se", "evidencia", "progresión", "en", "la", "pared", "anterior", "del", "nódulo", "previamente", "tratado", "con", "radiofrecuencia", ",", "que", "presenta", "un", "diámetro", "máximo", "de", "16", "mm", ".", "Se", "presenta", "el", "caso", "en", "comité", "de", "tumores", "y", "se", "propone", "una", "segunda", "termoablación", "del", "nódulo", "en", "el", "LSDsobre", "el", "área", "de", "cavitacióncon", "electrodo", "de", "Le", "Veen", "con", "apertura", "máxima", "de", "30", "mm", "de", "diámetro", "en", "dos", "sesiones", "mediante", "retirada", "progresiva", "del", "electrodo", ",", "produciéndose", "un", "neumotórax", ",", "que", "es", "drenado", ".", "En", "marzo", "de", "2014", ",", "un", "año", "y", "tres", "meses", "tras", "el", "procedimiento", ",", "se", "lleva", "a", "cabo", "un", "control", "radiológico", "mediante", "TC", "torácica", "con", "contraste", "que", "no", "evidencia", "signos", "de", "progresión", ".", "El", "paciente", "fue", "diagnosticado", "de", "una", "leucemia", "mieloblástica", "aguda", "asociada", "a", "una", "neumonía", "bilateral", "por", "Candida", "krusei", "e", "insuficiencia", "respiratoria", "global", ",", "siendo", "exitus", "el", "2/4/2015", "." ]	[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]
Objective is an umlsterm, aim is an umlsterm, trend is an umlsterm, hospitalization is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm, asthma is an umlsterm, city is an umlsterm	MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.81460951.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Objective : The aim of the study was to examine the trend of hospitalization rates of children with acute asthma in the city area of Luebeck in the years 1976 to 1995. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Objective : The aim of the study was to examine the trend of hospitalization rates of children with acute asthma in the city area of Luebeck in the years 1976 to 1995.	[ "Objective", ":", "The", "aim", "of", "the", "study", "was", "to", "examine", "the", "trend", "of", "hospitalization", "rates", "of", "children", "with", "acute", "asthma", "in", "the", "city", "area", "of", "Luebeck", "in", "the", "years", "1976", "to", "1995", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Objective is an umlsterm, aim is an umlsterm, trend is an umlsterm, hospitalization is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm, asthma is an umlsterm, city is an umlsterm	MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.81460951.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Objective : The aim of the study was to examine the trend of hospitalization rates of children with acute asthma in the city area of Luebeck in the years 1976 to 1995. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Objective, aim, trend, hospitalization, children, asthma, city Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Objective : The aim of the study was to examine the trend of hospitalization rates of children with acute asthma in the city area of Luebeck in the years 1976 to 1995.	[ "Objective", ":", "The", "aim", "of", "the", "study", "was", "to", "examine", "the", "trend", "of", "hospitalization", "rates", "of", "children", "with", "acute", "asthma", "in", "the", "city", "area", "of", "Luebeck", "in", "the", "years", "1976", "to", "1995", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Objective, aim, trend, hospitalization, children, asthma, city	MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.81460951.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Objective : The aim of the study was to examine the trend of hospitalization rates of children with acute asthma in the city area of Luebeck in the years 1976 to 1995. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Objective : The aim of the study was to examine the trend of hospitalization rates of children with acute asthma in the city area of Luebeck in the years 1976 to 1995.	[ "Objective", ":", "The", "aim", "of", "the", "study", "was", "to", "examine", "the", "trend", "of", "hospitalization", "rates", "of", "children", "with", "acute", "asthma", "in", "the", "city", "area", "of", "Luebeck", "in", "the", "years", "1976", "to", "1995", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
pressure - flow parameters is a Outcome_Other, receiving finasteride for 2 years . is a Participant_Condition, with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) is a Participant_Condition, One hundred twenty - one is a Participant_Sample-size, benign prostatic enlargement is a Participant_Condition, lower urinary tract symptoms is a Participant_Condition, modified Abrams - Griffiths nomogram is a Outcome_Other, 5 mg finasteride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, PFS parameters is a Outcome_Other, Detrusor pressure is a Outcome_Other, PdetQmax is a Outcome_Physical, Abrams - Griffiths classification is a Outcome_Other	1659_task0	Sentence: Continued improvement in pressure-flow parameters in men receiving finasteride for 2 years . Finasteride Urodynamics Study Group . OBJECTIVES To assess the long-term effects of finasteride on pressure-flow parameters in men with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) . METHODS One hundred twenty-one men with benign prostatic enlargement ( BPE ) and lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) underwent a pressure-flow study ( PFS ) at 1 of 11 clinical centers . The PFS technique was standardized , and all tracings were read by a single reader unaware of the treatment group . Patients who were obstructed according to a modified Abrams-Griffiths nomogram were randomized to 5 mg finasteride ( n = 81 ) or placebo ( n = 40 ) for 12 months ; all patients continuing into an open extension received finasteride during the second 12 months of therapy . Results of the initial 12-month study demonstrated the benefit of finasteride treatment on PFS parameters . To examine the continuing effects over time , an analysis of the data from 54 patients who completed 24 months of treatment with finasteride is provided . RESULTS Detrusor pressure at maximum flow ( PdetQmax ) continued to decrease during the second 12 months of therapy ( decreases of 5.3 and 11.7 cm H2O at months 12 and 24 , respectively ) . The percentage of patients obstructed by Abrams-Griffiths classification decreased from 76.2 % at baseline to 66.7 % at month 12 and 59.6 % at month 24 . An intention-to-treat analysis yielded similar results . CONCLUSIONS Finasteride improves urodynamic measures of obstruction in men with BPE and LUTS , with continued improvement during the second 12 months of therapy . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Continued improvement in pressure-flow parameters in men receiving finasteride for 2 years . Finasteride Urodynamics Study Group . OBJECTIVES To assess the long-term effects of finasteride on pressure-flow parameters in men with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) . METHODS One hundred twenty-one men with benign prostatic enlargement ( BPE ) and lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) underwent a pressure-flow study ( PFS ) at 1 of 11 clinical centers . The PFS technique was standardized , and all tracings were read by a single reader unaware of the treatment group . Patients who were obstructed according to a modified Abrams-Griffiths nomogram were randomized to 5 mg finasteride ( n = 81 ) or placebo ( n = 40 ) for 12 months ; all patients continuing into an open extension received finasteride during the second 12 months of therapy . Results of the initial 12-month study demonstrated the benefit of finasteride treatment on PFS parameters . To examine the continuing effects over time , an analysis of the data from 54 patients who completed 24 months of treatment with finasteride is provided . RESULTS Detrusor pressure at maximum flow ( PdetQmax ) continued to decrease during the second 12 months of therapy ( decreases of 5.3 and 11.7 cm H2O at months 12 and 24 , respectively ) . The percentage of patients obstructed by Abrams-Griffiths classification decreased from 76.2 % at baseline to 66.7 % at month 12 and 59.6 % at month 24 . An intention-to-treat analysis yielded similar results . CONCLUSIONS Finasteride improves urodynamic measures of obstruction in men with BPE and LUTS , with continued improvement during the second 12 months of therapy .	[ "Continued", "improvement", "in", "pressure", "-", "flow", "parameters", "in", "men", "receiving", "finasteride", "for", "2", "years", ".", "Finasteride", "Urodynamics", "Study", "Group", ".", "OBJECTIVES", "To", "assess", "the", "long", "-", "term", "effects", "of", "finasteride", "on", "pressure", "-", "flow", "parameters", "in", "men", "with", "urodynamically", "documented", "bladder", "outflow", "obstruction", "(", "BOO", ")", ".", "METHODS", "One", "hundred", "twenty", "-", "one", "men", "with", "benign", "prostatic", "enlargement", "(", "BPE", ")", "and", "lower", "urinary", "tract", "symptoms", "(", "LUTS", ")", "underwent", "a", "pressure", "-", "flow", "study", "(", "PFS", ")", "at", "1", "of", "11", "clinical", "centers", ".", "The", "PFS", "technique", "was", "standardized", ",", "and", "all", "tracings", "were", "read", "by", "a", "single", "reader", "unaware", "of", "the", "treatment", "group", ".", "Patients", "who", "were", "obstructed", "according", "to", "a", "modified", "Abrams", "-", "Griffiths", "nomogram", "were", "randomized", "to", "5", "mg", "finasteride", "(", "n", "=", "81", ")", "or", "placebo", "(", "n", "=", "40", ")", "for", "12", "months", ";", "all", "patients", "continuing", "into", "an", "open", "extension", "received", "finasteride", "during", "the", "second", "12", "months", "of", "therapy", ".", "Results", "of", "the", "initial", "12-month", "study", "demonstrated", "the", "benefit", "of", "finasteride", "treatment", "on", "PFS", "parameters", ".", "To", "examine", "the", "continuing", "effects", "over", "time", ",", "an", "analysis", "of", "the", "data", "from", "54", "patients", "who", "completed", "24", "months", "of", "treatment", "with", "finasteride", "is", "provided", ".", "RESULTS", "Detrusor", "pressure", "at", "maximum", "flow", "(", "PdetQmax", ")", "continued", "to", "decrease", "during", "the", "second", "12", "months", "of", "therapy", "(", "decreases", "of", "5.3", "and", "11.7", "cm", "H2O", "at", "months", "12", "and", "24", ",", "respectively", ")", ".", "The", "percentage", "of", "patients", "obstructed", "by", "Abrams", "-", "Griffiths", "classification", "decreased", "from", "76.2", "%", "at", "baseline", "to", "66.7", "%", "at", "month", "12", "and", "59.6", "%", "at", "month", "24", ".", "An", "intention", "-", "to", "-", "treat", "analysis", "yielded", "similar", "results", ".", "CONCLUSIONS", "Finasteride", "improves", "urodynamic", "measures", "of", "obstruction", "in", "men", "with", "BPE", "and", "LUTS", ",", "with", "continued", "improvement", "during", "the", "second", "12", "months", "of", "therapy", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sex" ]
pressure - flow parameters is a Outcome_Other, receiving finasteride for 2 years . is a Participant_Condition, with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) is a Participant_Condition, One hundred twenty - one is a Participant_Sample-size, benign prostatic enlargement is a Participant_Condition, lower urinary tract symptoms is a Participant_Condition, modified Abrams - Griffiths nomogram is a Outcome_Other, 5 mg finasteride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, PFS parameters is a Outcome_Other, Detrusor pressure is a Outcome_Other, PdetQmax is a Outcome_Physical, Abrams - Griffiths classification is a Outcome_Other	1659_task1	Sentence: Continued improvement in pressure-flow parameters in men receiving finasteride for 2 years . Finasteride Urodynamics Study Group . OBJECTIVES To assess the long-term effects of finasteride on pressure-flow parameters in men with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) . METHODS One hundred twenty-one men with benign prostatic enlargement ( BPE ) and lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) underwent a pressure-flow study ( PFS ) at 1 of 11 clinical centers . The PFS technique was standardized , and all tracings were read by a single reader unaware of the treatment group . Patients who were obstructed according to a modified Abrams-Griffiths nomogram were randomized to 5 mg finasteride ( n = 81 ) or placebo ( n = 40 ) for 12 months ; all patients continuing into an open extension received finasteride during the second 12 months of therapy . Results of the initial 12-month study demonstrated the benefit of finasteride treatment on PFS parameters . To examine the continuing effects over time , an analysis of the data from 54 patients who completed 24 months of treatment with finasteride is provided . RESULTS Detrusor pressure at maximum flow ( PdetQmax ) continued to decrease during the second 12 months of therapy ( decreases of 5.3 and 11.7 cm H2O at months 12 and 24 , respectively ) . The percentage of patients obstructed by Abrams-Griffiths classification decreased from 76.2 % at baseline to 66.7 % at month 12 and 59.6 % at month 24 . An intention-to-treat analysis yielded similar results . CONCLUSIONS Finasteride improves urodynamic measures of obstruction in men with BPE and LUTS , with continued improvement during the second 12 months of therapy . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: pressure - flow parameters, receiving finasteride for 2 years ., with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ), One hundred twenty - one, benign prostatic enlargement, lower urinary tract symptoms, modified Abrams - Griffiths nomogram, 5 mg finasteride, placebo, PFS parameters, Detrusor pressure, PdetQmax, Abrams - Griffiths classification Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Continued improvement in pressure-flow parameters in men receiving finasteride for 2 years . Finasteride Urodynamics Study Group . OBJECTIVES To assess the long-term effects of finasteride on pressure-flow parameters in men with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) . METHODS One hundred twenty-one men with benign prostatic enlargement ( BPE ) and lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) underwent a pressure-flow study ( PFS ) at 1 of 11 clinical centers . The PFS technique was standardized , and all tracings were read by a single reader unaware of the treatment group . Patients who were obstructed according to a modified Abrams-Griffiths nomogram were randomized to 5 mg finasteride ( n = 81 ) or placebo ( n = 40 ) for 12 months ; all patients continuing into an open extension received finasteride during the second 12 months of therapy . Results of the initial 12-month study demonstrated the benefit of finasteride treatment on PFS parameters . To examine the continuing effects over time , an analysis of the data from 54 patients who completed 24 months of treatment with finasteride is provided . RESULTS Detrusor pressure at maximum flow ( PdetQmax ) continued to decrease during the second 12 months of therapy ( decreases of 5.3 and 11.7 cm H2O at months 12 and 24 , respectively ) . The percentage of patients obstructed by Abrams-Griffiths classification decreased from 76.2 % at baseline to 66.7 % at month 12 and 59.6 % at month 24 . An intention-to-treat analysis yielded similar results . CONCLUSIONS Finasteride improves urodynamic measures of obstruction in men with BPE and LUTS , with continued improvement during the second 12 months of therapy .	[ "Continued", "improvement", "in", "pressure", "-", "flow", "parameters", "in", "men", "receiving", "finasteride", "for", "2", "years", ".", "Finasteride", "Urodynamics", "Study", "Group", ".", "OBJECTIVES", "To", "assess", "the", "long", "-", "term", "effects", "of", "finasteride", "on", "pressure", "-", "flow", "parameters", "in", "men", "with", "urodynamically", "documented", "bladder", "outflow", "obstruction", "(", "BOO", ")", ".", "METHODS", "One", "hundred", "twenty", "-", "one", "men", "with", "benign", "prostatic", "enlargement", "(", "BPE", ")", "and", "lower", "urinary", "tract", "symptoms", "(", "LUTS", ")", "underwent", "a", "pressure", "-", "flow", "study", "(", "PFS", ")", "at", "1", "of", "11", "clinical", "centers", ".", "The", "PFS", "technique", "was", "standardized", ",", "and", "all", "tracings", "were", "read", "by", "a", "single", "reader", "unaware", "of", "the", "treatment", "group", ".", "Patients", "who", "were", "obstructed", "according", "to", "a", "modified", "Abrams", "-", "Griffiths", "nomogram", "were", "randomized", "to", "5", "mg", "finasteride", "(", "n", "=", "81", ")", "or", "placebo", "(", "n", "=", "40", ")", "for", "12", "months", ";", "all", "patients", "continuing", "into", "an", "open", "extension", "received", "finasteride", "during", "the", "second", "12", "months", "of", "therapy", ".", "Results", "of", "the", "initial", "12-month", "study", "demonstrated", "the", "benefit", "of", "finasteride", "treatment", "on", "PFS", "parameters", ".", "To", "examine", "the", "continuing", "effects", "over", "time", ",", "an", "analysis", "of", "the", "data", "from", "54", "patients", "who", "completed", "24", "months", "of", "treatment", "with", "finasteride", "is", "provided", ".", "RESULTS", "Detrusor", "pressure", "at", "maximum", "flow", "(", "PdetQmax", ")", "continued", "to", "decrease", "during", "the", "second", "12", "months", "of", "therapy", "(", "decreases", "of", "5.3", "and", "11.7", "cm", "H2O", "at", "months", "12", "and", "24", ",", "respectively", ")", ".", "The", "percentage", "of", "patients", "obstructed", "by", "Abrams", "-", "Griffiths", "classification", "decreased", "from", "76.2", "%", "at", "baseline", "to", "66.7", "%", "at", "month", "12", "and", "59.6", "%", "at", "month", "24", ".", "An", "intention", "-", "to", "-", "treat", "analysis", "yielded", "similar", "results", ".", "CONCLUSIONS", "Finasteride", "improves", "urodynamic", "measures", "of", "obstruction", "in", "men", "with", "BPE", "and", "LUTS", ",", "with", "continued", "improvement", "during", "the", "second", "12", "months", "of", "therapy", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sex" ]
pressure - flow parameters, receiving finasteride for 2 years ., with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ), One hundred twenty - one, benign prostatic enlargement, lower urinary tract symptoms, modified Abrams - Griffiths nomogram, 5 mg finasteride, placebo, PFS parameters, Detrusor pressure, PdetQmax, Abrams - Griffiths classification	1659_task2	Sentence: Continued improvement in pressure-flow parameters in men receiving finasteride for 2 years . Finasteride Urodynamics Study Group . OBJECTIVES To assess the long-term effects of finasteride on pressure-flow parameters in men with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) . METHODS One hundred twenty-one men with benign prostatic enlargement ( BPE ) and lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) underwent a pressure-flow study ( PFS ) at 1 of 11 clinical centers . The PFS technique was standardized , and all tracings were read by a single reader unaware of the treatment group . Patients who were obstructed according to a modified Abrams-Griffiths nomogram were randomized to 5 mg finasteride ( n = 81 ) or placebo ( n = 40 ) for 12 months ; all patients continuing into an open extension received finasteride during the second 12 months of therapy . Results of the initial 12-month study demonstrated the benefit of finasteride treatment on PFS parameters . To examine the continuing effects over time , an analysis of the data from 54 patients who completed 24 months of treatment with finasteride is provided . RESULTS Detrusor pressure at maximum flow ( PdetQmax ) continued to decrease during the second 12 months of therapy ( decreases of 5.3 and 11.7 cm H2O at months 12 and 24 , respectively ) . The percentage of patients obstructed by Abrams-Griffiths classification decreased from 76.2 % at baseline to 66.7 % at month 12 and 59.6 % at month 24 . An intention-to-treat analysis yielded similar results . CONCLUSIONS Finasteride improves urodynamic measures of obstruction in men with BPE and LUTS , with continued improvement during the second 12 months of therapy . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Continued improvement in pressure-flow parameters in men receiving finasteride for 2 years . Finasteride Urodynamics Study Group . OBJECTIVES To assess the long-term effects of finasteride on pressure-flow parameters in men with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) . METHODS One hundred twenty-one men with benign prostatic enlargement ( BPE ) and lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) underwent a pressure-flow study ( PFS ) at 1 of 11 clinical centers . The PFS technique was standardized , and all tracings were read by a single reader unaware of the treatment group . Patients who were obstructed according to a modified Abrams-Griffiths nomogram were randomized to 5 mg finasteride ( n = 81 ) or placebo ( n = 40 ) for 12 months ; all patients continuing into an open extension received finasteride during the second 12 months of therapy . Results of the initial 12-month study demonstrated the benefit of finasteride treatment on PFS parameters . To examine the continuing effects over time , an analysis of the data from 54 patients who completed 24 months of treatment with finasteride is provided . RESULTS Detrusor pressure at maximum flow ( PdetQmax ) continued to decrease during the second 12 months of therapy ( decreases of 5.3 and 11.7 cm H2O at months 12 and 24 , respectively ) . The percentage of patients obstructed by Abrams-Griffiths classification decreased from 76.2 % at baseline to 66.7 % at month 12 and 59.6 % at month 24 . An intention-to-treat analysis yielded similar results . CONCLUSIONS Finasteride improves urodynamic measures of obstruction in men with BPE and LUTS , with continued improvement during the second 12 months of therapy .	[ "Continued", "improvement", "in", "pressure", "-", "flow", "parameters", "in", "men", "receiving", "finasteride", "for", "2", "years", ".", "Finasteride", "Urodynamics", "Study", "Group", ".", "OBJECTIVES", "To", "assess", "the", "long", "-", "term", "effects", "of", "finasteride", "on", "pressure", "-", "flow", "parameters", "in", "men", "with", "urodynamically", "documented", "bladder", "outflow", "obstruction", "(", "BOO", ")", ".", "METHODS", "One", "hundred", "twenty", "-", "one", "men", "with", "benign", "prostatic", "enlargement", "(", "BPE", ")", "and", "lower", "urinary", "tract", "symptoms", "(", "LUTS", ")", "underwent", "a", "pressure", "-", "flow", "study", "(", "PFS", ")", "at", "1", "of", "11", "clinical", "centers", ".", "The", "PFS", "technique", "was", "standardized", ",", "and", "all", "tracings", "were", "read", "by", "a", "single", "reader", "unaware", "of", "the", "treatment", "group", ".", "Patients", "who", "were", "obstructed", "according", "to", "a", "modified", "Abrams", "-", "Griffiths", "nomogram", "were", "randomized", "to", "5", "mg", "finasteride", "(", "n", "=", "81", ")", "or", "placebo", "(", "n", "=", "40", ")", "for", "12", "months", ";", "all", "patients", "continuing", "into", "an", "open", "extension", "received", "finasteride", "during", "the", "second", "12", "months", "of", "therapy", ".", "Results", "of", "the", "initial", "12-month", "study", "demonstrated", "the", "benefit", "of", "finasteride", "treatment", "on", "PFS", "parameters", ".", "To", "examine", "the", "continuing", "effects", "over", "time", ",", "an", "analysis", "of", "the", "data", "from", "54", "patients", "who", "completed", "24", "months", "of", "treatment", "with", "finasteride", "is", "provided", ".", "RESULTS", "Detrusor", "pressure", "at", "maximum", "flow", "(", "PdetQmax", ")", "continued", "to", "decrease", "during", "the", "second", "12", "months", "of", "therapy", "(", "decreases", "of", "5.3", "and", "11.7", "cm", "H2O", "at", "months", "12", "and", "24", ",", "respectively", ")", ".", "The", "percentage", "of", "patients", "obstructed", "by", "Abrams", "-", "Griffiths", "classification", "decreased", "from", "76.2", "%", "at", "baseline", "to", "66.7", "%", "at", "month", "12", "and", "59.6", "%", "at", "month", "24", ".", "An", "intention", "-", "to", "-", "treat", "analysis", "yielded", "similar", "results", ".", "CONCLUSIONS", "Finasteride", "improves", "urodynamic", "measures", "of", "obstruction", "in", "men", "with", "BPE", "and", "LUTS", ",", "with", "continued", "improvement", "during", "the", "second", "12", "months", "of", "therapy", "." ]	[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sex" ]
interleukin 1 receptor is a Complex, interleukin 1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 receptor is a Complex, Type I is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type II IL-1 receptors is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 receptor accessory protein is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, Ig is a Gene_or_gene_product, extracellular is a Cellular_component, Type I is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type II IL-1 receptors is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type I IL-1R is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type I IL-1R is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 alpha is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1ra is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type I IL-1R is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 receptor is a Complex	239_task0	Sentence: Molecular cloning and characterization of a second subunit of the interleukin 1 receptor complex. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was isolated that blocked the binding and bioactivity of both human and murine interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) on murine IL-1 receptor-bearing cells. This mAb recognized a protein that was distinct from the Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors, suggesting that an additional protein exists that is involved in IL-1 biological responses. By expression cloning in COS-7 cells, we have isolated a cDNA from mouse 3T3-LI cells encoding this putative auxiliary molecule, which we term the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1R AcP). Sequence analysis of the cDNA predicts an open reading frame that encodes a 570-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of approximately 66 kDa. The IL-1R AcP is a member of the Ig superfamily by analysis of its putative extracellular domain and also bears limited homology throughout the protein to both Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors. Northern analysis reveals that murine IL-1R AcP mRNA is expressed in many tissues and appears to be regulated by IL-1. In mammalian cells expressing natural or recombinant Type I IL-1R and IL-1R AcP, the accessory protein forms a complex with the Type I IL-1R and either IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta but not IL-1ra. The recombinant accessory protein also increases the binding affinity of the recombinant Type I IL-1R for IL-1 beta when the two receptor proteins are coexpressed. Therefore, the functional IL-1 receptor appears to be a complex composed of at least two subunits. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Complex, Gene_or_gene_product, Cellular_component	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Complex", "I-Complex", "I-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Complex", "I-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Complex", "I-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Molecular cloning and characterization of a second subunit of the interleukin 1 receptor complex. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was isolated that blocked the binding and bioactivity of both human and murine interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) on murine IL-1 receptor-bearing cells. This mAb recognized a protein that was distinct from the Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors, suggesting that an additional protein exists that is involved in IL-1 biological responses. By expression cloning in COS-7 cells, we have isolated a cDNA from mouse 3T3-LI cells encoding this putative auxiliary molecule, which we term the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1R AcP). Sequence analysis of the cDNA predicts an open reading frame that encodes a 570-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of approximately 66 kDa. The IL-1R AcP is a member of the Ig superfamily by analysis of its putative extracellular domain and also bears limited homology throughout the protein to both Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors. Northern analysis reveals that murine IL-1R AcP mRNA is expressed in many tissues and appears to be regulated by IL-1. In mammalian cells expressing natural or recombinant Type I IL-1R and IL-1R AcP, the accessory protein forms a complex with the Type I IL-1R and either IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta but not IL-1ra. The recombinant accessory protein also increases the binding affinity of the recombinant Type I IL-1R for IL-1 beta when the two receptor proteins are coexpressed. Therefore, the functional IL-1 receptor appears to be a complex composed of at least two subunits.	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interleukin 1 receptor is a Complex, interleukin 1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 receptor is a Complex, Type I is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type II IL-1 receptors is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 receptor accessory protein is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, Ig is a Gene_or_gene_product, extracellular is a Cellular_component, Type I is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type II IL-1 receptors is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type I IL-1R is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type I IL-1R is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 alpha is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1ra is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type I IL-1R is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 receptor is a Complex	239_task1	Sentence: Molecular cloning and characterization of a second subunit of the interleukin 1 receptor complex. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was isolated that blocked the binding and bioactivity of both human and murine interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) on murine IL-1 receptor-bearing cells. This mAb recognized a protein that was distinct from the Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors, suggesting that an additional protein exists that is involved in IL-1 biological responses. By expression cloning in COS-7 cells, we have isolated a cDNA from mouse 3T3-LI cells encoding this putative auxiliary molecule, which we term the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1R AcP). Sequence analysis of the cDNA predicts an open reading frame that encodes a 570-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of approximately 66 kDa. The IL-1R AcP is a member of the Ig superfamily by analysis of its putative extracellular domain and also bears limited homology throughout the protein to both Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors. Northern analysis reveals that murine IL-1R AcP mRNA is expressed in many tissues and appears to be regulated by IL-1. In mammalian cells expressing natural or recombinant Type I IL-1R and IL-1R AcP, the accessory protein forms a complex with the Type I IL-1R and either IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta but not IL-1ra. The recombinant accessory protein also increases the binding affinity of the recombinant Type I IL-1R for IL-1 beta when the two receptor proteins are coexpressed. Therefore, the functional IL-1 receptor appears to be a complex composed of at least two subunits. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: interleukin 1 receptor, interleukin 1 beta, IL-1 beta, IL-1 receptor, Type I, Type II IL-1 receptors, IL-1, IL-1 receptor accessory protein, IL-1R AcP, IL-1R AcP, Ig, extracellular, Type I, Type II IL-1 receptors, IL-1R AcP, IL-1, Type I IL-1R, IL-1R AcP, Type I IL-1R, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-1ra, Type I IL-1R, IL-1 beta, IL-1 receptor Options: Complex, Gene_or_gene_product, Cellular_component	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Complex", "I-Complex", "I-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Complex", "I-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Complex", "I-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Molecular cloning and characterization of a second subunit of the interleukin 1 receptor complex. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was isolated that blocked the binding and bioactivity of both human and murine interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) on murine IL-1 receptor-bearing cells. This mAb recognized a protein that was distinct from the Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors, suggesting that an additional protein exists that is involved in IL-1 biological responses. By expression cloning in COS-7 cells, we have isolated a cDNA from mouse 3T3-LI cells encoding this putative auxiliary molecule, which we term the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1R AcP). Sequence analysis of the cDNA predicts an open reading frame that encodes a 570-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of approximately 66 kDa. The IL-1R AcP is a member of the Ig superfamily by analysis of its putative extracellular domain and also bears limited homology throughout the protein to both Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors. Northern analysis reveals that murine IL-1R AcP mRNA is expressed in many tissues and appears to be regulated by IL-1. In mammalian cells expressing natural or recombinant Type I IL-1R and IL-1R AcP, the accessory protein forms a complex with the Type I IL-1R and either IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta but not IL-1ra. The recombinant accessory protein also increases the binding affinity of the recombinant Type I IL-1R for IL-1 beta when the two receptor proteins are coexpressed. Therefore, the functional IL-1 receptor appears to be a complex composed of at least two subunits.	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interleukin 1 receptor, interleukin 1 beta, IL-1 beta, IL-1 receptor, Type I, Type II IL-1 receptors, IL-1, IL-1 receptor accessory protein, IL-1R AcP, IL-1R AcP, Ig, extracellular, Type I, Type II IL-1 receptors, IL-1R AcP, IL-1, Type I IL-1R, IL-1R AcP, Type I IL-1R, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-1ra, Type I IL-1R, IL-1 beta, IL-1 receptor	239_task2	Sentence: Molecular cloning and characterization of a second subunit of the interleukin 1 receptor complex. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was isolated that blocked the binding and bioactivity of both human and murine interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) on murine IL-1 receptor-bearing cells. This mAb recognized a protein that was distinct from the Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors, suggesting that an additional protein exists that is involved in IL-1 biological responses. By expression cloning in COS-7 cells, we have isolated a cDNA from mouse 3T3-LI cells encoding this putative auxiliary molecule, which we term the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1R AcP). Sequence analysis of the cDNA predicts an open reading frame that encodes a 570-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of approximately 66 kDa. The IL-1R AcP is a member of the Ig superfamily by analysis of its putative extracellular domain and also bears limited homology throughout the protein to both Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors. Northern analysis reveals that murine IL-1R AcP mRNA is expressed in many tissues and appears to be regulated by IL-1. In mammalian cells expressing natural or recombinant Type I IL-1R and IL-1R AcP, the accessory protein forms a complex with the Type I IL-1R and either IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta but not IL-1ra. The recombinant accessory protein also increases the binding affinity of the recombinant Type I IL-1R for IL-1 beta when the two receptor proteins are coexpressed. Therefore, the functional IL-1 receptor appears to be a complex composed of at least two subunits. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Complex", "I-Complex", "I-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "B-Complex", "I-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Cellular_component", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "B-Gene_or_gene_product", "I-Gene_or_gene_product", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Complex", "I-Complex", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Molecular cloning and characterization of a second subunit of the interleukin 1 receptor complex. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was isolated that blocked the binding and bioactivity of both human and murine interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) on murine IL-1 receptor-bearing cells. This mAb recognized a protein that was distinct from the Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors, suggesting that an additional protein exists that is involved in IL-1 biological responses. By expression cloning in COS-7 cells, we have isolated a cDNA from mouse 3T3-LI cells encoding this putative auxiliary molecule, which we term the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1R AcP). Sequence analysis of the cDNA predicts an open reading frame that encodes a 570-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of approximately 66 kDa. The IL-1R AcP is a member of the Ig superfamily by analysis of its putative extracellular domain and also bears limited homology throughout the protein to both Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors. Northern analysis reveals that murine IL-1R AcP mRNA is expressed in many tissues and appears to be regulated by IL-1. In mammalian cells expressing natural or recombinant Type I IL-1R and IL-1R AcP, the accessory protein forms a complex with the Type I IL-1R and either IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta but not IL-1ra. The recombinant accessory protein also increases the binding affinity of the recombinant Type I IL-1R for IL-1 beta when the two receptor proteins are coexpressed. Therefore, the functional IL-1 receptor appears to be a complex composed of at least two subunits.	[ "Molecular", "cloning", "and", "characterization", "of", "a", "second", "subunit", "of", "the", "interleukin", "1", "receptor", "complex", ".", "\n", "A", "monoclonal", "antibody", "(", "mAb", ")", "was", "isolated", "that", "blocked", "the", "binding", "and", "bioactivity", "of", "both", "human", "and", "murine", "interleukin", "1", "beta", "(", "IL-1", "beta", ")", "on", "murine", "IL-1", "receptor", "-", "bearing", "cells", ".", "This", "mAb", "recognized", "a", "protein", "that", "was", "distinct", "from", "the", "Type", "I", "and", "Type", "II", "IL-1", "receptors", ",", "suggesting", "that", "an", "additional", "protein", "exists", "that", "is", "involved", "in", "IL-1", "biological", "responses", ".", "By", "expression", "cloning", "in", "COS-7", "cells", ",", "we", "have", "isolated", "a", "cDNA", "from", "mouse", "3T3-LI", "cells", "encoding", "this", "putative", "auxiliary", "molecule", ",", "which", "we", "term", "the", "IL-1", "receptor", "accessory", "protein", "(", "IL-1R", "AcP", ")", ".", "Sequence", "analysis", "of", "the", "cDNA", "predicts", "an", "open", "reading", "frame", "that", "encodes", "a", "570-amino", "acid", "protein", "with", "a", "molecular", "mass", "of", "approximately", "66", "kDa", ".", "The", "IL-1R", "AcP", "is", "a", "member", "of", "the", "Ig", "superfamily", "by", "analysis", "of", "its", "putative", "extracellular", "domain", "and", "also", "bears", "limited", "homology", "throughout", "the", "protein", "to", "both", "Type", "I", "and", "Type", "II", "IL-1", "receptors", ".", "Northern", "analysis", "reveals", "that", "murine", "IL-1R", "AcP", "mRNA", "is", "expressed", "in", "many", "tissues", "and", "appears", "to", "be", "regulated", "by", "IL-1", ".", "In", "mammalian", "cells", "expressing", "natural", "or", "recombinant", "Type", "I", "IL-1R", "and", "IL-1R", "AcP", ",", "the", "accessory", "protein", "forms", "a", "complex", "with", "the", "Type", "I", "IL-1R", "and", "either", "IL-1", "alpha", "or", "IL-1", "beta", "but", "not", "IL-1ra", ".", "The", "recombinant", "accessory", "protein", "also", "increases", "the", "binding", "affinity", "of", "the", "recombinant", "Type", "I", "IL-1R", "for", "IL-1", "beta", "when", "the", "two", "receptor", "proteins", "are", "coexpressed", ".", "Therefore", ",", "the", "functional", "IL-1", "receptor", "appears", "to", "be", "a", "complex", "composed", "of", "at", "least", "two", "subunits", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Gene_or_gene_product", "Complex", "Cellular_component" ]
Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Erythem is an umlsterm, Narben is an umlsterm, Pigmentstoerungen is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.70480402.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Dreizehn Patienten wurden wegen eines Granuloma pyogenicum mit dem Dauerstrich- und dem ultragepulsten CO2-Laser behandelt . Der Dauerstrich-CO2-Laser wurde in allen Faellen eingesetzt . Bei 7 Patienten kam zusaetzlich der ultragepulste CO2-Laser zur Anwendung . Bei allen Patienten fuehrte die Behandlung in einer Sitzung zur Abheilung . Als haeufigste Begleitreaktion trat ein transientes Erythem auf . Diskrete Narben waren in 2 Faellen zu beobachten . Zu bleibenden Pigmentstoerungen kam es nicht . Die Anwendung des CO2-Lasers zur Therapie des Granuloma pyogenicum stellt eine schnelle und blutarme Behandlungsmethode mit geringen Nebenwirkungen dar und ist eine elegante Alternative zu bisherigen therapeutischen Moeglichkeiten . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Dreizehn Patienten wurden wegen eines Granuloma pyogenicum mit dem Dauerstrich- und dem ultragepulsten CO2-Laser behandelt . Der Dauerstrich-CO2-Laser wurde in allen Faellen eingesetzt . Bei 7 Patienten kam zusaetzlich der ultragepulste CO2-Laser zur Anwendung . Bei allen Patienten fuehrte die Behandlung in einer Sitzung zur Abheilung . Als haeufigste Begleitreaktion trat ein transientes Erythem auf . Diskrete Narben waren in 2 Faellen zu beobachten . Zu bleibenden Pigmentstoerungen kam es nicht . Die Anwendung des CO2-Lasers zur Therapie des Granuloma pyogenicum stellt eine schnelle und blutarme Behandlungsmethode mit geringen Nebenwirkungen dar und ist eine elegante Alternative zu bisherigen therapeutischen Moeglichkeiten .	[ "Dreizehn", "Patienten", "wurden", "wegen", "eines", "Granuloma", "pyogenicum", "mit", "dem", "Dauerstrich-", "und", "dem", "ultragepulsten", "CO2-Laser", "behandelt", ".", "Der", "Dauerstrich", "-", "CO2-Laser", "wurde", "in", "allen", "Faellen", "eingesetzt", ".", "Bei", "7", "Patienten", "kam", "zusaetzlich", "der", "ultragepulste", "CO2-Laser", "zur", "Anwendung", ".", "Bei", "allen", "Patienten", "fuehrte", "die", "Behandlung", "in", "einer", "Sitzung", "zur", "Abheilung", ".", "Als", "haeufigste", "Begleitreaktion", "trat", "ein", "transientes", "Erythem", "auf", ".", "Diskrete", "Narben", "waren", "in", "2", "Faellen", "zu", "beobachten", ".", "Zu", "bleibenden", "Pigmentstoerungen", "kam", "es", "nicht", ".", "Die", "Anwendung", "des", "CO2-Lasers", "zur", "Therapie", "des", "Granuloma", "pyogenicum", "stellt", "eine", "schnelle", "und", "blutarme", "Behandlungsmethode", "mit", "geringen", "Nebenwirkungen", "dar", "und", "ist", "eine", "elegante", "Alternative", "zu", "bisherigen", "therapeutischen", "Moeglichkeiten", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Erythem is an umlsterm, Narben is an umlsterm, Pigmentstoerungen is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm	DerHautarzt.70480402.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Dreizehn Patienten wurden wegen eines Granuloma pyogenicum mit dem Dauerstrich- und dem ultragepulsten CO2-Laser behandelt . Der Dauerstrich-CO2-Laser wurde in allen Faellen eingesetzt . Bei 7 Patienten kam zusaetzlich der ultragepulste CO2-Laser zur Anwendung . Bei allen Patienten fuehrte die Behandlung in einer Sitzung zur Abheilung . Als haeufigste Begleitreaktion trat ein transientes Erythem auf . Diskrete Narben waren in 2 Faellen zu beobachten . Zu bleibenden Pigmentstoerungen kam es nicht . Die Anwendung des CO2-Lasers zur Therapie des Granuloma pyogenicum stellt eine schnelle und blutarme Behandlungsmethode mit geringen Nebenwirkungen dar und ist eine elegante Alternative zu bisherigen therapeutischen Moeglichkeiten . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Behandlung, Erythem, Narben, Pigmentstoerungen, Therapie Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Dreizehn Patienten wurden wegen eines Granuloma pyogenicum mit dem Dauerstrich- und dem ultragepulsten CO2-Laser behandelt . Der Dauerstrich-CO2-Laser wurde in allen Faellen eingesetzt . Bei 7 Patienten kam zusaetzlich der ultragepulste CO2-Laser zur Anwendung . Bei allen Patienten fuehrte die Behandlung in einer Sitzung zur Abheilung . Als haeufigste Begleitreaktion trat ein transientes Erythem auf . Diskrete Narben waren in 2 Faellen zu beobachten . Zu bleibenden Pigmentstoerungen kam es nicht . Die Anwendung des CO2-Lasers zur Therapie des Granuloma pyogenicum stellt eine schnelle und blutarme Behandlungsmethode mit geringen Nebenwirkungen dar und ist eine elegante Alternative zu bisherigen therapeutischen Moeglichkeiten .	[ "Dreizehn", "Patienten", "wurden", "wegen", "eines", "Granuloma", "pyogenicum", "mit", "dem", "Dauerstrich-", "und", "dem", "ultragepulsten", "CO2-Laser", "behandelt", ".", "Der", "Dauerstrich", "-", "CO2-Laser", "wurde", "in", "allen", "Faellen", "eingesetzt", ".", "Bei", "7", "Patienten", "kam", "zusaetzlich", "der", "ultragepulste", "CO2-Laser", "zur", "Anwendung", ".", "Bei", "allen", "Patienten", "fuehrte", "die", "Behandlung", "in", "einer", "Sitzung", "zur", "Abheilung", ".", "Als", "haeufigste", "Begleitreaktion", "trat", "ein", "transientes", "Erythem", "auf", ".", "Diskrete", "Narben", "waren", "in", "2", "Faellen", "zu", "beobachten", ".", "Zu", "bleibenden", "Pigmentstoerungen", "kam", "es", "nicht", ".", "Die", "Anwendung", "des", "CO2-Lasers", "zur", "Therapie", "des", "Granuloma", "pyogenicum", "stellt", "eine", "schnelle", "und", "blutarme", "Behandlungsmethode", "mit", "geringen", "Nebenwirkungen", "dar", "und", "ist", "eine", "elegante", "Alternative", "zu", "bisherigen", "therapeutischen", "Moeglichkeiten", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Behandlung, Erythem, Narben, Pigmentstoerungen, Therapie	DerHautarzt.70480402.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Dreizehn Patienten wurden wegen eines Granuloma pyogenicum mit dem Dauerstrich- und dem ultragepulsten CO2-Laser behandelt . Der Dauerstrich-CO2-Laser wurde in allen Faellen eingesetzt . Bei 7 Patienten kam zusaetzlich der ultragepulste CO2-Laser zur Anwendung . Bei allen Patienten fuehrte die Behandlung in einer Sitzung zur Abheilung . Als haeufigste Begleitreaktion trat ein transientes Erythem auf . Diskrete Narben waren in 2 Faellen zu beobachten . Zu bleibenden Pigmentstoerungen kam es nicht . Die Anwendung des CO2-Lasers zur Therapie des Granuloma pyogenicum stellt eine schnelle und blutarme Behandlungsmethode mit geringen Nebenwirkungen dar und ist eine elegante Alternative zu bisherigen therapeutischen Moeglichkeiten . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Dreizehn Patienten wurden wegen eines Granuloma pyogenicum mit dem Dauerstrich- und dem ultragepulsten CO2-Laser behandelt . Der Dauerstrich-CO2-Laser wurde in allen Faellen eingesetzt . Bei 7 Patienten kam zusaetzlich der ultragepulste CO2-Laser zur Anwendung . Bei allen Patienten fuehrte die Behandlung in einer Sitzung zur Abheilung . Als haeufigste Begleitreaktion trat ein transientes Erythem auf . Diskrete Narben waren in 2 Faellen zu beobachten . Zu bleibenden Pigmentstoerungen kam es nicht . Die Anwendung des CO2-Lasers zur Therapie des Granuloma pyogenicum stellt eine schnelle und blutarme Behandlungsmethode mit geringen Nebenwirkungen dar und ist eine elegante Alternative zu bisherigen therapeutischen Moeglichkeiten .	[ "Dreizehn", "Patienten", "wurden", "wegen", "eines", "Granuloma", "pyogenicum", "mit", "dem", "Dauerstrich-", "und", "dem", "ultragepulsten", "CO2-Laser", "behandelt", ".", "Der", "Dauerstrich", "-", "CO2-Laser", "wurde", "in", "allen", "Faellen", "eingesetzt", ".", "Bei", "7", "Patienten", "kam", "zusaetzlich", "der", "ultragepulste", "CO2-Laser", "zur", "Anwendung", ".", "Bei", "allen", "Patienten", "fuehrte", "die", "Behandlung", "in", "einer", "Sitzung", "zur", "Abheilung", ".", "Als", "haeufigste", "Begleitreaktion", "trat", "ein", "transientes", "Erythem", "auf", ".", "Diskrete", "Narben", "waren", "in", "2", "Faellen", "zu", "beobachten", ".", "Zu", "bleibenden", "Pigmentstoerungen", "kam", "es", "nicht", ".", "Die", "Anwendung", "des", "CO2-Lasers", "zur", "Therapie", "des", "Granuloma", "pyogenicum", "stellt", "eine", "schnelle", "und", "blutarme", "Behandlungsmethode", "mit", "geringen", "Nebenwirkungen", "dar", "und", "ist", "eine", "elegante", "Alternative", "zu", "bisherigen", "therapeutischen", "Moeglichkeiten", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
suspicion is a Mood, nonfunctional P - NET is a Condition, primary CT is a Procedure, hypervascularity is a Condition, MRI is a Procedure	NCT02621541_inc_task0	Sentence: suspicion of nonfunctional P-NET on primary CT (i.e hypervascularity) or MRI signed informed consent Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Condition, Procedure, Mood	[ "B-Mood", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	suspicion of nonfunctional P-NET on primary CT (i.e hypervascularity) or MRI signed informed consent	[ "suspicion", "of", "nonfunctional", "P", "-", "NET", "on", "primary", "CT", "(", "i.e", "hypervascularity", ")", "or", "MRI", "\n", "signed", "informed", "consent", "\n" ]	[ "Condition", "Procedure", "Mood" ]
suspicion is a Mood, nonfunctional P - NET is a Condition, primary CT is a Procedure, hypervascularity is a Condition, MRI is a Procedure	NCT02621541_inc_task1	Sentence: suspicion of nonfunctional P-NET on primary CT (i.e hypervascularity) or MRI signed informed consent Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: suspicion, nonfunctional P - NET, primary CT, hypervascularity, MRI Options: Condition, Procedure, Mood	[ "B-Mood", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	suspicion of nonfunctional P-NET on primary CT (i.e hypervascularity) or MRI signed informed consent	[ "suspicion", "of", "nonfunctional", "P", "-", "NET", "on", "primary", "CT", "(", "i.e", "hypervascularity", ")", "or", "MRI", "\n", "signed", "informed", "consent", "\n" ]	[ "Condition", "Procedure", "Mood" ]
suspicion, nonfunctional P - NET, primary CT, hypervascularity, MRI	NCT02621541_inc_task2	Sentence: suspicion of nonfunctional P-NET on primary CT (i.e hypervascularity) or MRI signed informed consent Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Mood", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	suspicion of nonfunctional P-NET on primary CT (i.e hypervascularity) or MRI signed informed consent	[ "suspicion", "of", "nonfunctional", "P", "-", "NET", "on", "primary", "CT", "(", "i.e", "hypervascularity", ")", "or", "MRI", "\n", "signed", "informed", "consent", "\n" ]	[ "Condition", "Procedure", "Mood" ]
Bcl10 is a Protein, IkappaBbeta is a Protein, Bcl10 is a Protein, CARMA1 is a Protein, MALT1 is a Protein, Bcl10 is a Protein, Bcl10 is a Protein, Bcl10 is a Protein, Bcl10 is a Protein	110_task0	Sentence: NF-kappaB inhibition due to PKC-dependent Bcl10 degradation Western blot analysis revealed an up-regulation of phosphorylated-PKC after 24 h treatment of Jurkat T-cells with PMA or HK E. coli (figure 7a), while IkappaBbeta levels remained unaffected (figure 7b). Bcl10 is a signalling protein that acts upstream of NF-kappaB in concert with CARMA1 and MALT1 and has been suggested to directly regulate NF-kappaB activity in T-cells [27]. Therefore, Bcl10 activation was evaluated in both control and PMA stimulated cells after 10 min, 1 h, 6 h, and 24 h using western blot analysis. The Bcl10 levels decreased following treatment with PMA, while in control cells, Bcl10 returned to higher levels by 24 h (figure 7c). This suggests that Bcl10 is involved in the PMA dependent inhibition of NF-kappaB activation. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	NF-kappaB inhibition due to PKC-dependent Bcl10 degradation Western blot analysis revealed an up-regulation of phosphorylated-PKC after 24 h treatment of Jurkat T-cells with PMA or HK E. coli (figure 7a), while IkappaBbeta levels remained unaffected (figure 7b). Bcl10 is a signalling protein that acts upstream of NF-kappaB in concert with CARMA1 and MALT1 and has been suggested to directly regulate NF-kappaB activity in T-cells [27]. Therefore, Bcl10 activation was evaluated in both control and PMA stimulated cells after 10 min, 1 h, 6 h, and 24 h using western blot analysis. The Bcl10 levels decreased following treatment with PMA, while in control cells, Bcl10 returned to higher levels by 24 h (figure 7c). This suggests that Bcl10 is involved in the PMA dependent inhibition of NF-kappaB activation.	[ "NF", "-", "kappaB", "inhibition", "due", "to", "PKC", "-", "dependent", "Bcl10", "degradation", "\n", "Western", "blot", "analysis", "revealed", "an", "up", "-", "regulation", "of", "phosphorylated", "-", "PKC", "after", "24", "h", "treatment", "of", "Jurkat", "T", "-", "cells", "with", "PMA", "or", "HK", "E.", "coli", "(", "figure", "7a", ")", ",", "while", "IkappaBbeta", "levels", "remained", "unaffected", "(", "figure", "7b", ")", ".", "Bcl10", "is", "a", "signalling", "protein", "that", "acts", "upstream", "of", "NF", "-", "kappaB", "in", "concert", "with", "CARMA1", "and", "MALT1", "and", "has", "been", "suggested", "to", "directly", "regulate", "NF", "-", "kappaB", "activity", "in", "T", "-", "cells", "[", "27", "]", ".", "Therefore", ",", "Bcl10", "activation", "was", "evaluated", "in", "both", "control", "and", "PMA", "stimulated", "cells", "after", "10", "min", ",", "1", "h", ",", "6", "h", ",", "and", "24", "h", "using", "western", "blot", "analysis", ".", "The", "Bcl10", "levels", "decreased", "following", "treatment", "with", "PMA", ",", "while", "in", "control", "cells", ",", "Bcl10", "returned", "to", "higher", "levels", "by", "24", "h", "(", "figure", "7c", ")", ".", "This", "suggests", "that", "Bcl10", "is", "involved", "in", "the", "PMA", "dependent", "inhibition", "of", "NF", "-", "kappaB", "activation", "." ]	[ "Protein" ]

textbooks is an umlsterm, pain management is an umlsterm, opioids is an umlsterm, pain is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm

DerSchmerz.00140186.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Introduction . In some recent German textbooks of pain management there is maintained that psychological dependence to opioids in pain patients is not a real problem . The evidence for this statement is reviewed . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Introduction . In some recent German textbooks of pain management there is maintained that psychological dependence to opioids in pain patients is not a real problem . The evidence for this statement is reviewed .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

textbooks is an umlsterm, pain management is an umlsterm, opioids is an umlsterm, pain is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm

DerSchmerz.00140186.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Introduction . In some recent German textbooks of pain management there is maintained that psychological dependence to opioids in pain patients is not a real problem . The evidence for this statement is reviewed . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: textbooks, pain management, opioids, pain, patients Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Introduction . In some recent German textbooks of pain management there is maintained that psychological dependence to opioids in pain patients is not a real problem . The evidence for this statement is reviewed .

[ "Introduction", ".", "In", "some", "recent", "German", "textbooks", "of", "pain", "management", "there", "is", "maintained", "that", "psychological", "dependence", "to", "opioids", "in", "pain", "patients", "is", "not", "a", "real", "problem", ".", "The", "evidence", "for", "this", "statement", "is", "reviewed", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

textbooks, pain management, opioids, pain, patients

DerSchmerz.00140186.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Introduction . In some recent German textbooks of pain management there is maintained that psychological dependence to opioids in pain patients is not a real problem . The evidence for this statement is reviewed . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Introduction . In some recent German textbooks of pain management there is maintained that psychological dependence to opioids in pain patients is not a real problem . The evidence for this statement is reviewed .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Thirty - four is a Participant_Sample-size, healthy is a Participant_Condition, young women is a Participant_Age, monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 150 micrograms desogestrel is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 75 micrograms gestodene is a Intervention_Pharmacological, plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII is a Outcome_Physical, increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . is a Outcome_Physical, fibrinolytic capacity is a Outcome_Physical, antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator is a Outcome_Physical, concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . is a Outcome_Physical, ratio between thrombin - antithrombin - III - complexes and fibrin degradation products is a Outcome_Physical, normal is a Participant_Condition

85129_task0

Sentence: [ Hemostatic balance during treatment with the newest contraceptives ] . Thirty-four healthy young women were allocated to 12 consecutive cycles of treatment with monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 150 micrograms desogestrel ( n = 15 ) or 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 75 micrograms gestodene ( n = 19 ) . In both groups plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII increased while the capacity of coagulation inhibition was affected by increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . Increased fibrinolytic capacity was indicated by elevated activity and reduced antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator and reduced activity and concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . The ratio between thrombin-antithrombin-III-complexes and fibrin degradation products were unchanged signifying no effect of hormonal intake on the balance between thrombin formation and fibrin resolution . In conclusion , the dynamic balance between generation and resolution of fibrin was undisturbed during treatment with both hormonal compounds and our findings do not provide evidence for increased risk of thrombosis in normal women . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Age, Participant_Sample-size

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "B-Participant_Condition", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O" ]

[ Hemostatic balance during treatment with the newest contraceptives ] . Thirty-four healthy young women were allocated to 12 consecutive cycles of treatment with monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 150 micrograms desogestrel ( n = 15 ) or 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 75 micrograms gestodene ( n = 19 ) . In both groups plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII increased while the capacity of coagulation inhibition was affected by increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . Increased fibrinolytic capacity was indicated by elevated activity and reduced antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator and reduced activity and concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . The ratio between thrombin-antithrombin-III-complexes and fibrin degradation products were unchanged signifying no effect of hormonal intake on the balance between thrombin formation and fibrin resolution . In conclusion , the dynamic balance between generation and resolution of fibrin was undisturbed during treatment with both hormonal compounds and our findings do not provide evidence for increased risk of thrombosis in normal women .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sex" ]

Thirty - four is a Participant_Sample-size, healthy is a Participant_Condition, young women is a Participant_Age, monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 150 micrograms desogestrel is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol is a Intervention_Pharmacological, 75 micrograms gestodene is a Intervention_Pharmacological, plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII is a Outcome_Physical, increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . is a Outcome_Physical, fibrinolytic capacity is a Outcome_Physical, antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator is a Outcome_Physical, concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . is a Outcome_Physical, ratio between thrombin - antithrombin - III - complexes and fibrin degradation products is a Outcome_Physical, normal is a Participant_Condition

85129_task1

Sentence: [ Hemostatic balance during treatment with the newest contraceptives ] . Thirty-four healthy young women were allocated to 12 consecutive cycles of treatment with monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 150 micrograms desogestrel ( n = 15 ) or 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 75 micrograms gestodene ( n = 19 ) . In both groups plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII increased while the capacity of coagulation inhibition was affected by increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . Increased fibrinolytic capacity was indicated by elevated activity and reduced antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator and reduced activity and concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . The ratio between thrombin-antithrombin-III-complexes and fibrin degradation products were unchanged signifying no effect of hormonal intake on the balance between thrombin formation and fibrin resolution . In conclusion , the dynamic balance between generation and resolution of fibrin was undisturbed during treatment with both hormonal compounds and our findings do not provide evidence for increased risk of thrombosis in normal women . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Thirty - four, healthy, young women, monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol, 150 micrograms desogestrel, 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol, 75 micrograms gestodene, plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII, increased protein C and decreased protein S levels ., fibrinolytic capacity, antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator, concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor ., ratio between thrombin - antithrombin - III - complexes and fibrin degradation products, normal Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Age, Participant_Sample-size

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[ Hemostatic balance during treatment with the newest contraceptives ] . Thirty-four healthy young women were allocated to 12 consecutive cycles of treatment with monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 150 micrograms desogestrel ( n = 15 ) or 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 75 micrograms gestodene ( n = 19 ) . In both groups plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII increased while the capacity of coagulation inhibition was affected by increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . Increased fibrinolytic capacity was indicated by elevated activity and reduced antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator and reduced activity and concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . The ratio between thrombin-antithrombin-III-complexes and fibrin degradation products were unchanged signifying no effect of hormonal intake on the balance between thrombin formation and fibrin resolution . In conclusion , the dynamic balance between generation and resolution of fibrin was undisturbed during treatment with both hormonal compounds and our findings do not provide evidence for increased risk of thrombosis in normal women .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sex" ]

Thirty - four, healthy, young women, monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol, 150 micrograms desogestrel, 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol, 75 micrograms gestodene, plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII, increased protein C and decreased protein S levels ., fibrinolytic capacity, antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator, concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor ., ratio between thrombin - antithrombin - III - complexes and fibrin degradation products, normal

85129_task2

Sentence: [ Hemostatic balance during treatment with the newest contraceptives ] . Thirty-four healthy young women were allocated to 12 consecutive cycles of treatment with monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 150 micrograms desogestrel ( n = 15 ) or 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 75 micrograms gestodene ( n = 19 ) . In both groups plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII increased while the capacity of coagulation inhibition was affected by increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . Increased fibrinolytic capacity was indicated by elevated activity and reduced antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator and reduced activity and concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . The ratio between thrombin-antithrombin-III-complexes and fibrin degradation products were unchanged signifying no effect of hormonal intake on the balance between thrombin formation and fibrin resolution . In conclusion , the dynamic balance between generation and resolution of fibrin was undisturbed during treatment with both hormonal compounds and our findings do not provide evidence for increased risk of thrombosis in normal women . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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[ Hemostatic balance during treatment with the newest contraceptives ] . Thirty-four healthy young women were allocated to 12 consecutive cycles of treatment with monophasic combinations of : 20 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 150 micrograms desogestrel ( n = 15 ) or 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol and 75 micrograms gestodene ( n = 19 ) . In both groups plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor VII increased while the capacity of coagulation inhibition was affected by increased protein C and decreased protein S levels . Increased fibrinolytic capacity was indicated by elevated activity and reduced antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator and reduced activity and concentration of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor . The ratio between thrombin-antithrombin-III-complexes and fibrin degradation products were unchanged signifying no effect of hormonal intake on the balance between thrombin formation and fibrin resolution . In conclusion , the dynamic balance between generation and resolution of fibrin was undisturbed during treatment with both hormonal compounds and our findings do not provide evidence for increased risk of thrombosis in normal women .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Sample-size", "Participant_Age", "Participant_Condition", "Participant_Sex" ]

effectiveness is a Outcome_Other, cost - effectiveness is a Outcome_Other, intensive multifactorial treatment is a Intervention_Educational, no screening ( control ) is a Intervention_Control, screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) is a Intervention_Educational, screening plus routine care is a Intervention_Educational, modelled cardiovascular risk at one year is a Outcome_Physical, cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years is a Outcome_Mortality, all - cause mortality is a Outcome_Mortality, development of renal and visual impairment is a Outcome_Physical, peripheral neuropathy is a Outcome_Physical, health service costs is a Outcome_Other, self - reported quality of life is a Outcome_Physical, functional status is a Outcome_Physical, health utility is a Outcome_Physical, cardiovascular morbidity is a Outcome_Physical

40242_task0

Sentence: The ADDITION-Cambridge trial protocol : a cluster -- randomised controlled trial of screening for type 2 diabetes and intensive treatment for screen-detected patients . BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes poses a major public health challenge . Population-based screening and early treatment for type 2 diabetes could reduce this growing burden . However , the benefits of such a strategy remain uncertain . METHODS AND DESIGN The ADDITION-Cambridge study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ( i ) a stepwise screening strategy for type 2 diabetes ; and ( ii ) intensive multifactorial treatment for people with screen-detected diabetes in primary care . 63 practices in the East Anglia region participated . Three undertook the pilot study , 33 were allocated to three groups : no screening ( control ) , screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) and screening plus routine care ( RC ) in an unbalanced ( 1:3:3 ) randomisation . The remaining 27 practices were randomly allocated to IT and RC . A risk score incorporating routine practice data was used to identify people aged 40-69 years at high-risk of undiagnosed diabetes . In the screening practices , high-risk individuals were invited to take part in a stepwise screening programme . In the IT group , diabetes treatment is optimised through guidelines , target-led multifactorial treatment , audit , feedback , and academic detailing for practice teams , alongside provision of educational materials for newly diagnosed participants . Primary endpoints are modelled cardiovascular risk at one year , and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years after diagnosis of diabetes . Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality , development of renal and visual impairment , peripheral neuropathy , health service costs , self-reported quality of life , functional status and health utility . Impact of the screening programme at the population level is also assessed through measures of mortality , cardiovascular morbidity , health status and health service use among high-risk individuals . DISCUSSION ADDITION-Cambridge is conducted in a defined high-risk group accessible through primary care . It addresses the feasibility of population-based screening for diabetes , as well as the benefits and costs of screening and intensive multifactorial treatment early in the disease trajectory . The intensive treatment algorithm is based on evidence from studies including individuals with clinically diagnosed diabetes and the education materials are informed by psychological theory . ADDITION-Cambridge will provide timely evidence concerning the benefits of early intensive treatment and will inform policy decisions concerning screening for type 2 diabetes . TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled trials ISRCTN86769081 . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Control, Outcome_Mortality, Intervention_Educational, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other

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The ADDITION-Cambridge trial protocol : a cluster -- randomised controlled trial of screening for type 2 diabetes and intensive treatment for screen-detected patients . BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes poses a major public health challenge . Population-based screening and early treatment for type 2 diabetes could reduce this growing burden . However , the benefits of such a strategy remain uncertain . METHODS AND DESIGN The ADDITION-Cambridge study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ( i ) a stepwise screening strategy for type 2 diabetes ; and ( ii ) intensive multifactorial treatment for people with screen-detected diabetes in primary care . 63 practices in the East Anglia region participated . Three undertook the pilot study , 33 were allocated to three groups : no screening ( control ) , screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) and screening plus routine care ( RC ) in an unbalanced ( 1:3:3 ) randomisation . The remaining 27 practices were randomly allocated to IT and RC . A risk score incorporating routine practice data was used to identify people aged 40-69 years at high-risk of undiagnosed diabetes . In the screening practices , high-risk individuals were invited to take part in a stepwise screening programme . In the IT group , diabetes treatment is optimised through guidelines , target-led multifactorial treatment , audit , feedback , and academic detailing for practice teams , alongside provision of educational materials for newly diagnosed participants . Primary endpoints are modelled cardiovascular risk at one year , and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years after diagnosis of diabetes . Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality , development of renal and visual impairment , peripheral neuropathy , health service costs , self-reported quality of life , functional status and health utility . Impact of the screening programme at the population level is also assessed through measures of mortality , cardiovascular morbidity , health status and health service use among high-risk individuals . DISCUSSION ADDITION-Cambridge is conducted in a defined high-risk group accessible through primary care . It addresses the feasibility of population-based screening for diabetes , as well as the benefits and costs of screening and intensive multifactorial treatment early in the disease trajectory . The intensive treatment algorithm is based on evidence from studies including individuals with clinically diagnosed diabetes and the education materials are informed by psychological theory . ADDITION-Cambridge will provide timely evidence concerning the benefits of early intensive treatment and will inform policy decisions concerning screening for type 2 diabetes . TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled trials ISRCTN86769081 .

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[ "Outcome_Mortality", "Intervention_Educational", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Other" ]

effectiveness is a Outcome_Other, cost - effectiveness is a Outcome_Other, intensive multifactorial treatment is a Intervention_Educational, no screening ( control ) is a Intervention_Control, screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) is a Intervention_Educational, screening plus routine care is a Intervention_Educational, modelled cardiovascular risk at one year is a Outcome_Physical, cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years is a Outcome_Mortality, all - cause mortality is a Outcome_Mortality, development of renal and visual impairment is a Outcome_Physical, peripheral neuropathy is a Outcome_Physical, health service costs is a Outcome_Other, self - reported quality of life is a Outcome_Physical, functional status is a Outcome_Physical, health utility is a Outcome_Physical, cardiovascular morbidity is a Outcome_Physical

40242_task1

Sentence: The ADDITION-Cambridge trial protocol : a cluster -- randomised controlled trial of screening for type 2 diabetes and intensive treatment for screen-detected patients . BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes poses a major public health challenge . Population-based screening and early treatment for type 2 diabetes could reduce this growing burden . However , the benefits of such a strategy remain uncertain . METHODS AND DESIGN The ADDITION-Cambridge study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ( i ) a stepwise screening strategy for type 2 diabetes ; and ( ii ) intensive multifactorial treatment for people with screen-detected diabetes in primary care . 63 practices in the East Anglia region participated . Three undertook the pilot study , 33 were allocated to three groups : no screening ( control ) , screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) and screening plus routine care ( RC ) in an unbalanced ( 1:3:3 ) randomisation . The remaining 27 practices were randomly allocated to IT and RC . A risk score incorporating routine practice data was used to identify people aged 40-69 years at high-risk of undiagnosed diabetes . In the screening practices , high-risk individuals were invited to take part in a stepwise screening programme . In the IT group , diabetes treatment is optimised through guidelines , target-led multifactorial treatment , audit , feedback , and academic detailing for practice teams , alongside provision of educational materials for newly diagnosed participants . Primary endpoints are modelled cardiovascular risk at one year , and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years after diagnosis of diabetes . Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality , development of renal and visual impairment , peripheral neuropathy , health service costs , self-reported quality of life , functional status and health utility . Impact of the screening programme at the population level is also assessed through measures of mortality , cardiovascular morbidity , health status and health service use among high-risk individuals . DISCUSSION ADDITION-Cambridge is conducted in a defined high-risk group accessible through primary care . It addresses the feasibility of population-based screening for diabetes , as well as the benefits and costs of screening and intensive multifactorial treatment early in the disease trajectory . The intensive treatment algorithm is based on evidence from studies including individuals with clinically diagnosed diabetes and the education materials are informed by psychological theory . ADDITION-Cambridge will provide timely evidence concerning the benefits of early intensive treatment and will inform policy decisions concerning screening for type 2 diabetes . TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled trials ISRCTN86769081 . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: effectiveness, cost - effectiveness, intensive multifactorial treatment, no screening ( control ), screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ), screening plus routine care, modelled cardiovascular risk at one year, cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years, all - cause mortality, development of renal and visual impairment, peripheral neuropathy, health service costs, self - reported quality of life, functional status, health utility, cardiovascular morbidity Options: Intervention_Control, Outcome_Mortality, Intervention_Educational, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other

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The ADDITION-Cambridge trial protocol : a cluster -- randomised controlled trial of screening for type 2 diabetes and intensive treatment for screen-detected patients . BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes poses a major public health challenge . Population-based screening and early treatment for type 2 diabetes could reduce this growing burden . However , the benefits of such a strategy remain uncertain . METHODS AND DESIGN The ADDITION-Cambridge study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ( i ) a stepwise screening strategy for type 2 diabetes ; and ( ii ) intensive multifactorial treatment for people with screen-detected diabetes in primary care . 63 practices in the East Anglia region participated . Three undertook the pilot study , 33 were allocated to three groups : no screening ( control ) , screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) and screening plus routine care ( RC ) in an unbalanced ( 1:3:3 ) randomisation . The remaining 27 practices were randomly allocated to IT and RC . A risk score incorporating routine practice data was used to identify people aged 40-69 years at high-risk of undiagnosed diabetes . In the screening practices , high-risk individuals were invited to take part in a stepwise screening programme . In the IT group , diabetes treatment is optimised through guidelines , target-led multifactorial treatment , audit , feedback , and academic detailing for practice teams , alongside provision of educational materials for newly diagnosed participants . Primary endpoints are modelled cardiovascular risk at one year , and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years after diagnosis of diabetes . Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality , development of renal and visual impairment , peripheral neuropathy , health service costs , self-reported quality of life , functional status and health utility . Impact of the screening programme at the population level is also assessed through measures of mortality , cardiovascular morbidity , health status and health service use among high-risk individuals . DISCUSSION ADDITION-Cambridge is conducted in a defined high-risk group accessible through primary care . It addresses the feasibility of population-based screening for diabetes , as well as the benefits and costs of screening and intensive multifactorial treatment early in the disease trajectory . The intensive treatment algorithm is based on evidence from studies including individuals with clinically diagnosed diabetes and the education materials are informed by psychological theory . ADDITION-Cambridge will provide timely evidence concerning the benefits of early intensive treatment and will inform policy decisions concerning screening for type 2 diabetes . TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled trials ISRCTN86769081 .

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[ "Outcome_Mortality", "Intervention_Educational", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Other" ]

effectiveness, cost - effectiveness, intensive multifactorial treatment, no screening ( control ), screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ), screening plus routine care, modelled cardiovascular risk at one year, cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years, all - cause mortality, development of renal and visual impairment, peripheral neuropathy, health service costs, self - reported quality of life, functional status, health utility, cardiovascular morbidity

40242_task2

Sentence: The ADDITION-Cambridge trial protocol : a cluster -- randomised controlled trial of screening for type 2 diabetes and intensive treatment for screen-detected patients . BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes poses a major public health challenge . Population-based screening and early treatment for type 2 diabetes could reduce this growing burden . However , the benefits of such a strategy remain uncertain . METHODS AND DESIGN The ADDITION-Cambridge study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ( i ) a stepwise screening strategy for type 2 diabetes ; and ( ii ) intensive multifactorial treatment for people with screen-detected diabetes in primary care . 63 practices in the East Anglia region participated . Three undertook the pilot study , 33 were allocated to three groups : no screening ( control ) , screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) and screening plus routine care ( RC ) in an unbalanced ( 1:3:3 ) randomisation . The remaining 27 practices were randomly allocated to IT and RC . A risk score incorporating routine practice data was used to identify people aged 40-69 years at high-risk of undiagnosed diabetes . In the screening practices , high-risk individuals were invited to take part in a stepwise screening programme . In the IT group , diabetes treatment is optimised through guidelines , target-led multifactorial treatment , audit , feedback , and academic detailing for practice teams , alongside provision of educational materials for newly diagnosed participants . Primary endpoints are modelled cardiovascular risk at one year , and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years after diagnosis of diabetes . Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality , development of renal and visual impairment , peripheral neuropathy , health service costs , self-reported quality of life , functional status and health utility . Impact of the screening programme at the population level is also assessed through measures of mortality , cardiovascular morbidity , health status and health service use among high-risk individuals . DISCUSSION ADDITION-Cambridge is conducted in a defined high-risk group accessible through primary care . It addresses the feasibility of population-based screening for diabetes , as well as the benefits and costs of screening and intensive multifactorial treatment early in the disease trajectory . The intensive treatment algorithm is based on evidence from studies including individuals with clinically diagnosed diabetes and the education materials are informed by psychological theory . ADDITION-Cambridge will provide timely evidence concerning the benefits of early intensive treatment and will inform policy decisions concerning screening for type 2 diabetes . TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled trials ISRCTN86769081 . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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The ADDITION-Cambridge trial protocol : a cluster -- randomised controlled trial of screening for type 2 diabetes and intensive treatment for screen-detected patients . BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes poses a major public health challenge . Population-based screening and early treatment for type 2 diabetes could reduce this growing burden . However , the benefits of such a strategy remain uncertain . METHODS AND DESIGN The ADDITION-Cambridge study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ( i ) a stepwise screening strategy for type 2 diabetes ; and ( ii ) intensive multifactorial treatment for people with screen-detected diabetes in primary care . 63 practices in the East Anglia region participated . Three undertook the pilot study , 33 were allocated to three groups : no screening ( control ) , screening followed by intensive treatment ( IT ) and screening plus routine care ( RC ) in an unbalanced ( 1:3:3 ) randomisation . The remaining 27 practices were randomly allocated to IT and RC . A risk score incorporating routine practice data was used to identify people aged 40-69 years at high-risk of undiagnosed diabetes . In the screening practices , high-risk individuals were invited to take part in a stepwise screening programme . In the IT group , diabetes treatment is optimised through guidelines , target-led multifactorial treatment , audit , feedback , and academic detailing for practice teams , alongside provision of educational materials for newly diagnosed participants . Primary endpoints are modelled cardiovascular risk at one year , and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity at five years after diagnosis of diabetes . Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality , development of renal and visual impairment , peripheral neuropathy , health service costs , self-reported quality of life , functional status and health utility . Impact of the screening programme at the population level is also assessed through measures of mortality , cardiovascular morbidity , health status and health service use among high-risk individuals . DISCUSSION ADDITION-Cambridge is conducted in a defined high-risk group accessible through primary care . It addresses the feasibility of population-based screening for diabetes , as well as the benefits and costs of screening and intensive multifactorial treatment early in the disease trajectory . The intensive treatment algorithm is based on evidence from studies including individuals with clinically diagnosed diabetes and the education materials are informed by psychological theory . ADDITION-Cambridge will provide timely evidence concerning the benefits of early intensive treatment and will inform policy decisions concerning screening for type 2 diabetes . TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled trials ISRCTN86769081 .

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[ "Outcome_Mortality", "Intervention_Educational", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Outcome_Other" ]

bacteremia is a Condition, S. aureus is a Observation, at least 1 is a Multiplier, blood culture is a Procedure, within 72 hours of beginning study drug is a Temporal, MRSA is a Observation, baseline is a Temporal, blood culture is a Procedure, at least 1 additional is a Multiplier, blood culture is a Procedure, after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and / or daptomycin treatment is a Temporal, Male is a Person, female is a Person, ≥ 18 years is a Value, age is a Person, female of childbearing potential is a Scope, willing is a Observation, practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception is a Scope, during treatment is a Temporal, for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug is a Temporal, Expectation is a Observation, survival is a Condition, for at least 2 months is a Temporal

NCT01701219_inc_task0

Sentence: 1. Presence of bacteremia due solely to: S. aureus on at least 1 blood culture within 72 hours of beginning study drug (Cohort A) OR MRSA on a baseline blood culture and on at least 1 additional blood culture after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and/or daptomycin treatment (Cohort B). 2. Male or female ≥ 18 years of age. 3. If female of childbearing potential must be willing to practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception during treatment and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug. 4. Expectation of survival for at least 2 months. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Temporal, Condition, Value, Person, Observation, Multiplier, Procedure, Scope

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1. Presence of bacteremia due solely to: S. aureus on at least 1 blood culture within 72 hours of beginning study drug (Cohort A) OR MRSA on a baseline blood culture and on at least 1 additional blood culture after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and/or daptomycin treatment (Cohort B). 2. Male or female ≥ 18 years of age. 3. If female of childbearing potential must be willing to practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception during treatment and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug. 4. Expectation of survival for at least 2 months.

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[ "Temporal", "Scope", "Reference_point", "Procedure", "Condition", "Multiplier", "Observation", "Drug", "Value", "Person" ]

bacteremia is a Condition, S. aureus is a Observation, at least 1 is a Multiplier, blood culture is a Procedure, within 72 hours of beginning study drug is a Temporal, MRSA is a Observation, baseline is a Temporal, blood culture is a Procedure, at least 1 additional is a Multiplier, blood culture is a Procedure, after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and / or daptomycin treatment is a Temporal, Male is a Person, female is a Person, ≥ 18 years is a Value, age is a Person, female of childbearing potential is a Scope, willing is a Observation, practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception is a Scope, during treatment is a Temporal, for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug is a Temporal, Expectation is a Observation, survival is a Condition, for at least 2 months is a Temporal

NCT01701219_inc_task1

Sentence: 1. Presence of bacteremia due solely to: S. aureus on at least 1 blood culture within 72 hours of beginning study drug (Cohort A) OR MRSA on a baseline blood culture and on at least 1 additional blood culture after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and/or daptomycin treatment (Cohort B). 2. Male or female ≥ 18 years of age. 3. If female of childbearing potential must be willing to practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception during treatment and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug. 4. Expectation of survival for at least 2 months. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: bacteremia, S. aureus, at least 1, blood culture, within 72 hours of beginning study drug, MRSA, baseline, blood culture, at least 1 additional, blood culture, after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and / or daptomycin treatment, Male, female, ≥ 18 years, age, female of childbearing potential, willing, practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception, during treatment, for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug, Expectation, survival, for at least 2 months Options: Temporal, Condition, Value, Person, Observation, Multiplier, Procedure, Scope

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1. Presence of bacteremia due solely to: S. aureus on at least 1 blood culture within 72 hours of beginning study drug (Cohort A) OR MRSA on a baseline blood culture and on at least 1 additional blood culture after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and/or daptomycin treatment (Cohort B). 2. Male or female ≥ 18 years of age. 3. If female of childbearing potential must be willing to practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception during treatment and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug. 4. Expectation of survival for at least 2 months.

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[ "Temporal", "Scope", "Reference_point", "Procedure", "Condition", "Multiplier", "Observation", "Drug", "Value", "Person" ]

bacteremia, S. aureus, at least 1, blood culture, within 72 hours of beginning study drug, MRSA, baseline, blood culture, at least 1 additional, blood culture, after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and / or daptomycin treatment, Male, female, ≥ 18 years, age, female of childbearing potential, willing, practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception, during treatment, for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug, Expectation, survival, for at least 2 months

NCT01701219_inc_task2

Sentence: 1. Presence of bacteremia due solely to: S. aureus on at least 1 blood culture within 72 hours of beginning study drug (Cohort A) OR MRSA on a baseline blood culture and on at least 1 additional blood culture after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and/or daptomycin treatment (Cohort B). 2. Male or female ≥ 18 years of age. 3. If female of childbearing potential must be willing to practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception during treatment and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug. 4. Expectation of survival for at least 2 months. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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1. Presence of bacteremia due solely to: S. aureus on at least 1 blood culture within 72 hours of beginning study drug (Cohort A) OR MRSA on a baseline blood culture and on at least 1 additional blood culture after at least 72 hours of vancomycin and/or daptomycin treatment (Cohort B). 2. Male or female ≥ 18 years of age. 3. If female of childbearing potential must be willing to practice sexual abstinence or dual methods of contraception during treatment and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug. 4. Expectation of survival for at least 2 months.

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[ "Temporal", "Scope", "Reference_point", "Procedure", "Condition", "Multiplier", "Observation", "Drug", "Value", "Person" ]

ACTH is a GENE-Y, metyrapone is a CHEMICAL

17462829_task0

Sentence: Sex differences in ACTH pulsatility following metyrapone blockade in patients with major depression. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Sex differences in ACTH pulsatility following metyrapone blockade in patients with major depression.

[ "Sex", "differences", "in", "ACTH", "pulsatility", "following", "metyrapone", "blockade", "in", "patients", "with", "major", "depression", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

ACTH is a GENE-Y, metyrapone is a CHEMICAL

17462829_task1

Sentence: Sex differences in ACTH pulsatility following metyrapone blockade in patients with major depression. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ACTH, metyrapone Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Sex differences in ACTH pulsatility following metyrapone blockade in patients with major depression.

[ "Sex", "differences", "in", "ACTH", "pulsatility", "following", "metyrapone", "blockade", "in", "patients", "with", "major", "depression", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

ACTH, metyrapone

17462829_task2

Sentence: Sex differences in ACTH pulsatility following metyrapone blockade in patients with major depression. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Sex differences in ACTH pulsatility following metyrapone blockade in patients with major depression.

[ "Sex", "differences", "in", "ACTH", "pulsatility", "following", "metyrapone", "blockade", "in", "patients", "with", "major", "depression", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

Injektion is an umlsterm

DerRadiologe.60360750.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Zielsetzung : Fuer die CT-Angiographie insbesondere intrakranieller Gefaessanomalien ist waehrend der Untersuchung ein moeglichst gleichbleibender und hoher Gefaesskontrast erforderlich , der durch die zeitlich angepasste Injektion des Bolus erreichbar ist . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Zielsetzung : Fuer die CT-Angiographie insbesondere intrakranieller Gefaessanomalien ist waehrend der Untersuchung ein moeglichst gleichbleibender und hoher Gefaesskontrast erforderlich , der durch die zeitlich angepasste Injektion des Bolus erreichbar ist .

[ "Zielsetzung", ":", "Fuer", "die", "CT", "-", "Angiographie", "insbesondere", "intrakranieller", "Gefaessanomalien", "ist", "waehrend", "der", "Untersuchung", "ein", "moeglichst", "gleichbleibender", "und", "hoher", "Gefaesskontrast", "erforderlich", ",", "der", "durch", "die", "zeitlich", "angepasste", "Injektion", "des", "Bolus", "erreichbar", "ist", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Injektion is an umlsterm

DerRadiologe.60360750.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Zielsetzung : Fuer die CT-Angiographie insbesondere intrakranieller Gefaessanomalien ist waehrend der Untersuchung ein moeglichst gleichbleibender und hoher Gefaesskontrast erforderlich , der durch die zeitlich angepasste Injektion des Bolus erreichbar ist . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Injektion Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Zielsetzung : Fuer die CT-Angiographie insbesondere intrakranieller Gefaessanomalien ist waehrend der Untersuchung ein moeglichst gleichbleibender und hoher Gefaesskontrast erforderlich , der durch die zeitlich angepasste Injektion des Bolus erreichbar ist .

[ "Zielsetzung", ":", "Fuer", "die", "CT", "-", "Angiographie", "insbesondere", "intrakranieller", "Gefaessanomalien", "ist", "waehrend", "der", "Untersuchung", "ein", "moeglichst", "gleichbleibender", "und", "hoher", "Gefaesskontrast", "erforderlich", ",", "der", "durch", "die", "zeitlich", "angepasste", "Injektion", "des", "Bolus", "erreichbar", "ist", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Injektion

DerRadiologe.60360750.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Zielsetzung : Fuer die CT-Angiographie insbesondere intrakranieller Gefaessanomalien ist waehrend der Untersuchung ein moeglichst gleichbleibender und hoher Gefaesskontrast erforderlich , der durch die zeitlich angepasste Injektion des Bolus erreichbar ist . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Zielsetzung : Fuer die CT-Angiographie insbesondere intrakranieller Gefaessanomalien ist waehrend der Untersuchung ein moeglichst gleichbleibender und hoher Gefaesskontrast erforderlich , der durch die zeitlich angepasste Injektion des Bolus erreichbar ist .

[ "Zielsetzung", ":", "Fuer", "die", "CT", "-", "Angiographie", "insbesondere", "intrakranieller", "Gefaessanomalien", "ist", "waehrend", "der", "Untersuchung", "ein", "moeglichst", "gleichbleibender", "und", "hoher", "Gefaesskontrast", "erforderlich", ",", "der", "durch", "die", "zeitlich", "angepasste", "Injektion", "des", "Bolus", "erreichbar", "ist", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Lithium is a Intervention_Pharmacological, acute antidepressant effects is a Participant_Condition, sleep deprivation : is a Participant_Condition, major depression . is a Participant_Condition, lithium is a Intervention_Pharmacological, lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation is a Intervention_Control, lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure is a Intervention_Control, desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations is a Intervention_Control, antidepressant response is a Outcome_Mental, 16 is a Participant_Sample-size, depressed is a Participant_Condition, desipramine / sleep deprivation is a Intervention_Pharmacological, inducing remission . is a Outcome_Physical, sleep / pharmacologic intervention is a Intervention_Physical

84578_task0

Sentence: Lithium sustains the acute antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation : preliminary findings from a controlled study . Early morning sleep deprivation ( patient awake from 0200 to 2200 hours ) produces a same-day antidepressant effect in approximately one-half of patients with major depression . Unfortunately , these antidepressant effects are short-lived and patients usually relapse to baseline depression levels within 48 hours . Recent work suggests , however , that the use of lithium with early morning sleep deprivation sustains this rapid antidepressant effect and makes it clinically useful . In a 30-day study , we compared the abilities of four different treatments ( lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation , lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure , and desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations ) to induce a rapid ( next-day ) and sustained antidepressant response in 16 depressed patients . Lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation produced a quicker response than lithium with the control sleep deprivation , and the response was sustained for at least 30 days . In this design , however , lithium/early morning sleep deprivation was no faster than either of the two desipramine/sleep deprivation conditions in inducing remission . These results support the results of previous studies and suggest further investigation of this novel sleep/pharmacologic intervention is warranted . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Mental

[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O" ]

Lithium sustains the acute antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation : preliminary findings from a controlled study . Early morning sleep deprivation ( patient awake from 0200 to 2200 hours ) produces a same-day antidepressant effect in approximately one-half of patients with major depression . Unfortunately , these antidepressant effects are short-lived and patients usually relapse to baseline depression levels within 48 hours . Recent work suggests , however , that the use of lithium with early morning sleep deprivation sustains this rapid antidepressant effect and makes it clinically useful . In a 30-day study , we compared the abilities of four different treatments ( lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation , lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure , and desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations ) to induce a rapid ( next-day ) and sustained antidepressant response in 16 depressed patients . Lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation produced a quicker response than lithium with the control sleep deprivation , and the response was sustained for at least 30 days . In this design , however , lithium/early morning sleep deprivation was no faster than either of the two desipramine/sleep deprivation conditions in inducing remission . These results support the results of previous studies and suggest further investigation of this novel sleep/pharmacologic intervention is warranted .

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[ "Intervention_Control", "Intervention_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Mental", "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

Lithium is a Intervention_Pharmacological, acute antidepressant effects is a Participant_Condition, sleep deprivation : is a Participant_Condition, major depression . is a Participant_Condition, lithium is a Intervention_Pharmacological, lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation is a Intervention_Control, lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure is a Intervention_Control, desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations is a Intervention_Control, antidepressant response is a Outcome_Mental, 16 is a Participant_Sample-size, depressed is a Participant_Condition, desipramine / sleep deprivation is a Intervention_Pharmacological, inducing remission . is a Outcome_Physical, sleep / pharmacologic intervention is a Intervention_Physical

84578_task1

Sentence: Lithium sustains the acute antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation : preliminary findings from a controlled study . Early morning sleep deprivation ( patient awake from 0200 to 2200 hours ) produces a same-day antidepressant effect in approximately one-half of patients with major depression . Unfortunately , these antidepressant effects are short-lived and patients usually relapse to baseline depression levels within 48 hours . Recent work suggests , however , that the use of lithium with early morning sleep deprivation sustains this rapid antidepressant effect and makes it clinically useful . In a 30-day study , we compared the abilities of four different treatments ( lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation , lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure , and desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations ) to induce a rapid ( next-day ) and sustained antidepressant response in 16 depressed patients . Lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation produced a quicker response than lithium with the control sleep deprivation , and the response was sustained for at least 30 days . In this design , however , lithium/early morning sleep deprivation was no faster than either of the two desipramine/sleep deprivation conditions in inducing remission . These results support the results of previous studies and suggest further investigation of this novel sleep/pharmacologic intervention is warranted . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Lithium, acute antidepressant effects, sleep deprivation :, major depression ., lithium, lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation, lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure, desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations, antidepressant response, 16, depressed, desipramine / sleep deprivation, inducing remission ., sleep / pharmacologic intervention Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Physical, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Mental

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Lithium sustains the acute antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation : preliminary findings from a controlled study . Early morning sleep deprivation ( patient awake from 0200 to 2200 hours ) produces a same-day antidepressant effect in approximately one-half of patients with major depression . Unfortunately , these antidepressant effects are short-lived and patients usually relapse to baseline depression levels within 48 hours . Recent work suggests , however , that the use of lithium with early morning sleep deprivation sustains this rapid antidepressant effect and makes it clinically useful . In a 30-day study , we compared the abilities of four different treatments ( lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation , lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure , and desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations ) to induce a rapid ( next-day ) and sustained antidepressant response in 16 depressed patients . Lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation produced a quicker response than lithium with the control sleep deprivation , and the response was sustained for at least 30 days . In this design , however , lithium/early morning sleep deprivation was no faster than either of the two desipramine/sleep deprivation conditions in inducing remission . These results support the results of previous studies and suggest further investigation of this novel sleep/pharmacologic intervention is warranted .

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[ "Intervention_Control", "Intervention_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Mental", "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

Lithium, acute antidepressant effects, sleep deprivation :, major depression ., lithium, lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation, lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure, desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations, antidepressant response, 16, depressed, desipramine / sleep deprivation, inducing remission ., sleep / pharmacologic intervention

84578_task2

Sentence: Lithium sustains the acute antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation : preliminary findings from a controlled study . Early morning sleep deprivation ( patient awake from 0200 to 2200 hours ) produces a same-day antidepressant effect in approximately one-half of patients with major depression . Unfortunately , these antidepressant effects are short-lived and patients usually relapse to baseline depression levels within 48 hours . Recent work suggests , however , that the use of lithium with early morning sleep deprivation sustains this rapid antidepressant effect and makes it clinically useful . In a 30-day study , we compared the abilities of four different treatments ( lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation , lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure , and desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations ) to induce a rapid ( next-day ) and sustained antidepressant response in 16 depressed patients . Lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation produced a quicker response than lithium with the control sleep deprivation , and the response was sustained for at least 30 days . In this design , however , lithium/early morning sleep deprivation was no faster than either of the two desipramine/sleep deprivation conditions in inducing remission . These results support the results of previous studies and suggest further investigation of this novel sleep/pharmacologic intervention is warranted . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "I-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Mental", "I-Outcome_Mental", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O" ]

Lithium sustains the acute antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation : preliminary findings from a controlled study . Early morning sleep deprivation ( patient awake from 0200 to 2200 hours ) produces a same-day antidepressant effect in approximately one-half of patients with major depression . Unfortunately , these antidepressant effects are short-lived and patients usually relapse to baseline depression levels within 48 hours . Recent work suggests , however , that the use of lithium with early morning sleep deprivation sustains this rapid antidepressant effect and makes it clinically useful . In a 30-day study , we compared the abilities of four different treatments ( lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation , lithium plus a control sleep deprivation procedure , and desipramine with either of the two sleep manipulations ) to induce a rapid ( next-day ) and sustained antidepressant response in 16 depressed patients . Lithium plus early morning sleep deprivation produced a quicker response than lithium with the control sleep deprivation , and the response was sustained for at least 30 days . In this design , however , lithium/early morning sleep deprivation was no faster than either of the two desipramine/sleep deprivation conditions in inducing remission . These results support the results of previous studies and suggest further investigation of this novel sleep/pharmacologic intervention is warranted .

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[ "Intervention_Control", "Intervention_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Mental", "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Sample-size" ]

laserpolarimetrischen is an umlsterm, Nervenfaserschichtdicke is an umlsterm, Gesichtsfeldbefunden is an umlsterm

DerOpthalmologe.70940815.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Ziel dieser Studie war der Vergleich zwischen laserpolarimetrischen Messungen der Nervenfaserschichtdicke ( NFSD ) und den entsprechenden Gesichtsfeldbefunden . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Ziel dieser Studie war der Vergleich zwischen laserpolarimetrischen Messungen der Nervenfaserschichtdicke ( NFSD ) und den entsprechenden Gesichtsfeldbefunden .

[ "Ziel", "dieser", "Studie", "war", "der", "Vergleich", "zwischen", "laserpolarimetrischen", "Messungen", "der", "Nervenfaserschichtdicke", "(", "NFSD", ")", "und", "den", "entsprechenden", "Gesichtsfeldbefunden", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

laserpolarimetrischen is an umlsterm, Nervenfaserschichtdicke is an umlsterm, Gesichtsfeldbefunden is an umlsterm

DerOpthalmologe.70940815.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Ziel dieser Studie war der Vergleich zwischen laserpolarimetrischen Messungen der Nervenfaserschichtdicke ( NFSD ) und den entsprechenden Gesichtsfeldbefunden . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: laserpolarimetrischen, Nervenfaserschichtdicke, Gesichtsfeldbefunden Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Ziel dieser Studie war der Vergleich zwischen laserpolarimetrischen Messungen der Nervenfaserschichtdicke ( NFSD ) und den entsprechenden Gesichtsfeldbefunden .

[ "Ziel", "dieser", "Studie", "war", "der", "Vergleich", "zwischen", "laserpolarimetrischen", "Messungen", "der", "Nervenfaserschichtdicke", "(", "NFSD", ")", "und", "den", "entsprechenden", "Gesichtsfeldbefunden", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

laserpolarimetrischen, Nervenfaserschichtdicke, Gesichtsfeldbefunden

DerOpthalmologe.70940815.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Ziel dieser Studie war der Vergleich zwischen laserpolarimetrischen Messungen der Nervenfaserschichtdicke ( NFSD ) und den entsprechenden Gesichtsfeldbefunden . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Ziel dieser Studie war der Vergleich zwischen laserpolarimetrischen Messungen der Nervenfaserschichtdicke ( NFSD ) und den entsprechenden Gesichtsfeldbefunden .

[ "Ziel", "dieser", "Studie", "war", "der", "Vergleich", "zwischen", "laserpolarimetrischen", "Messungen", "der", "Nervenfaserschichtdicke", "(", "NFSD", ")", "und", "den", "entsprechenden", "Gesichtsfeldbefunden", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Mas70p is a protein, Mas70p is a protein, hsp90 is a protein

1.0alpha7.train.297_task0

Sentence: There is solid evidence that Mas70p is a component of the mitochondrial receptor machinery for protein import ( 46), and we asked if Mas70p would bind to hsp90. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O" ]

There is solid evidence that Mas70p is a component of the mitochondrial receptor machinery for protein import ( 46), and we asked if Mas70p would bind to hsp90.

[ " ", "There", "is", "solid", "evidence", "that", " ", "Mas70p", "is", "a", "component", "of", "the", " ", "mitochondrial", "receptor", "machinery", "for", "protein", "import", "(", "46", ")", ",", "and", "we", "asked", "if", " ", "Mas70p", "would", "bind", "to", " ", "hsp90", ".", " " ]

[ "protein" ]

Mas70p is a protein, Mas70p is a protein, hsp90 is a protein

1.0alpha7.train.297_task1

Sentence: There is solid evidence that Mas70p is a component of the mitochondrial receptor machinery for protein import ( 46), and we asked if Mas70p would bind to hsp90. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Mas70p, Mas70p, hsp90 Options: protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O" ]

There is solid evidence that Mas70p is a component of the mitochondrial receptor machinery for protein import ( 46), and we asked if Mas70p would bind to hsp90.

[ " ", "There", "is", "solid", "evidence", "that", " ", "Mas70p", "is", "a", "component", "of", "the", " ", "mitochondrial", "receptor", "machinery", "for", "protein", "import", "(", "46", ")", ",", "and", "we", "asked", "if", " ", "Mas70p", "would", "bind", "to", " ", "hsp90", ".", " " ]

[ "protein" ]

Mas70p, Mas70p, hsp90

1.0alpha7.train.297_task2

Sentence: There is solid evidence that Mas70p is a component of the mitochondrial receptor machinery for protein import ( 46), and we asked if Mas70p would bind to hsp90. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O" ]

There is solid evidence that Mas70p is a component of the mitochondrial receptor machinery for protein import ( 46), and we asked if Mas70p would bind to hsp90.

[ " ", "There", "is", "solid", "evidence", "that", " ", "Mas70p", "is", "a", "component", "of", "the", " ", "mitochondrial", "receptor", "machinery", "for", "protein", "import", "(", "46", ")", ",", "and", "we", "asked", "if", " ", "Mas70p", "would", "bind", "to", " ", "hsp90", ".", " " ]

[ "protein" ]

Allgemeinanaesthetika is an umlsterm, Ionenkanaele is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Menschen is an umlsterm, Etomidat is an umlsterm, Kaliumstrom is an umlsterm, Menschen is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.70460434.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Bislang liegen keine detaillierten Studien zum Einfluss von Allgemeinanaesthetika auf Ionenkanaele in neuronalen Zellen des Menschen vor . Deshalb wurde der Effekt von Etomidat auf einen neuronalen Kaliumstrom des Menschen mittels der Ganzzell Patch-Clamp-Technik untersucht . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Bislang liegen keine detaillierten Studien zum Einfluss von Allgemeinanaesthetika auf Ionenkanaele in neuronalen Zellen des Menschen vor . Deshalb wurde der Effekt von Etomidat auf einen neuronalen Kaliumstrom des Menschen mittels der Ganzzell Patch-Clamp-Technik untersucht .

[ "Bislang", "liegen", "keine", "detaillierten", "Studien", "zum", "Einfluss", "von", "Allgemeinanaesthetika", "auf", "Ionenkanaele", "in", "neuronalen", "Zellen", "des", "Menschen", "vor", ".", "Deshalb", "wurde", "der", "Effekt", "von", "Etomidat", "auf", "einen", "neuronalen", "Kaliumstrom", "des", "Menschen", "mittels", "der", "Ganzzell", "Patch", "-", "Clamp", "-", "Technik", "untersucht", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Allgemeinanaesthetika is an umlsterm, Ionenkanaele is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Menschen is an umlsterm, Etomidat is an umlsterm, Kaliumstrom is an umlsterm, Menschen is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.70460434.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Bislang liegen keine detaillierten Studien zum Einfluss von Allgemeinanaesthetika auf Ionenkanaele in neuronalen Zellen des Menschen vor . Deshalb wurde der Effekt von Etomidat auf einen neuronalen Kaliumstrom des Menschen mittels der Ganzzell Patch-Clamp-Technik untersucht . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Allgemeinanaesthetika, Ionenkanaele, Zellen, Menschen, Etomidat, Kaliumstrom, Menschen Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Bislang liegen keine detaillierten Studien zum Einfluss von Allgemeinanaesthetika auf Ionenkanaele in neuronalen Zellen des Menschen vor . Deshalb wurde der Effekt von Etomidat auf einen neuronalen Kaliumstrom des Menschen mittels der Ganzzell Patch-Clamp-Technik untersucht .

[ "Bislang", "liegen", "keine", "detaillierten", "Studien", "zum", "Einfluss", "von", "Allgemeinanaesthetika", "auf", "Ionenkanaele", "in", "neuronalen", "Zellen", "des", "Menschen", "vor", ".", "Deshalb", "wurde", "der", "Effekt", "von", "Etomidat", "auf", "einen", "neuronalen", "Kaliumstrom", "des", "Menschen", "mittels", "der", "Ganzzell", "Patch", "-", "Clamp", "-", "Technik", "untersucht", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Allgemeinanaesthetika, Ionenkanaele, Zellen, Menschen, Etomidat, Kaliumstrom, Menschen

DerAnaesthesist.70460434.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Bislang liegen keine detaillierten Studien zum Einfluss von Allgemeinanaesthetika auf Ionenkanaele in neuronalen Zellen des Menschen vor . Deshalb wurde der Effekt von Etomidat auf einen neuronalen Kaliumstrom des Menschen mittels der Ganzzell Patch-Clamp-Technik untersucht . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Bislang liegen keine detaillierten Studien zum Einfluss von Allgemeinanaesthetika auf Ionenkanaele in neuronalen Zellen des Menschen vor . Deshalb wurde der Effekt von Etomidat auf einen neuronalen Kaliumstrom des Menschen mittels der Ganzzell Patch-Clamp-Technik untersucht .

[ "Bislang", "liegen", "keine", "detaillierten", "Studien", "zum", "Einfluss", "von", "Allgemeinanaesthetika", "auf", "Ionenkanaele", "in", "neuronalen", "Zellen", "des", "Menschen", "vor", ".", "Deshalb", "wurde", "der", "Effekt", "von", "Etomidat", "auf", "einen", "neuronalen", "Kaliumstrom", "des", "Menschen", "mittels", "der", "Ganzzell", "Patch", "-", "Clamp", "-", "Technik", "untersucht", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

skin is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, gene therapy is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, delivery is an umlsterm, ability is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, safety is an umlsterm, epidermis is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, long - term treatment is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, transfer is an umlsterm, keratinocyte is an umlsterm, stem cells is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, diseases is an umlsterm, disorders is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, defects is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.80490536.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: The skin is an attractive target tissue for gene therapy . Because of its accessibility , it is suitable for in vivo as well as for ex vivo gene delivery . The ability to monitor the treatment site is an advantage for safety considerations . The epidermis is a self-renewing tissue , which provides the possibility of achieving long-term treatment through gene transfer into keratinocyte stem cells . This opens new perspectives for the treatment of dermatological and even systemic diseases . The possibility for corrective intervention in disorders with inherited gene defects appears particularly attractive . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The skin is an attractive target tissue for gene therapy . Because of its accessibility , it is suitable for in vivo as well as for ex vivo gene delivery . The ability to monitor the treatment site is an advantage for safety considerations . The epidermis is a self-renewing tissue , which provides the possibility of achieving long-term treatment through gene transfer into keratinocyte stem cells . This opens new perspectives for the treatment of dermatological and even systemic diseases . The possibility for corrective intervention in disorders with inherited gene defects appears particularly attractive .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

skin is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, gene therapy is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, delivery is an umlsterm, ability is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, safety is an umlsterm, epidermis is an umlsterm, tissue is an umlsterm, long - term treatment is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, transfer is an umlsterm, keratinocyte is an umlsterm, stem cells is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, diseases is an umlsterm, disorders is an umlsterm, gene is an umlsterm, defects is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.80490536.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: The skin is an attractive target tissue for gene therapy . Because of its accessibility , it is suitable for in vivo as well as for ex vivo gene delivery . The ability to monitor the treatment site is an advantage for safety considerations . The epidermis is a self-renewing tissue , which provides the possibility of achieving long-term treatment through gene transfer into keratinocyte stem cells . This opens new perspectives for the treatment of dermatological and even systemic diseases . The possibility for corrective intervention in disorders with inherited gene defects appears particularly attractive . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: skin, tissue, gene therapy, gene, delivery, ability, treatment, safety, epidermis, tissue, long - term treatment, gene, transfer, keratinocyte, stem cells, treatment, diseases, disorders, gene, defects Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The skin is an attractive target tissue for gene therapy . Because of its accessibility , it is suitable for in vivo as well as for ex vivo gene delivery . The ability to monitor the treatment site is an advantage for safety considerations . The epidermis is a self-renewing tissue , which provides the possibility of achieving long-term treatment through gene transfer into keratinocyte stem cells . This opens new perspectives for the treatment of dermatological and even systemic diseases . The possibility for corrective intervention in disorders with inherited gene defects appears particularly attractive .

[ "The", "skin", "is", "an", "attractive", "target", "tissue", "for", "gene", "therapy", ".", "Because", "of", "its", "accessibility", ",", "it", "is", "suitable", "for", "in", "vivo", "as", "well", "as", "for", "ex", "vivo", "gene", "delivery", ".", "The", "ability", "to", "monitor", "the", "treatment", "site", "is", "an", "advantage", "for", "safety", "considerations", ".", "The", "epidermis", "is", "a", "self", "-", "renewing", "tissue", ",", "which", "provides", "the", "possibility", "of", "achieving", "long", "-", "term", "treatment", "through", "gene", "transfer", "into", "keratinocyte", "stem", "cells", ".", "This", "opens", "new", "perspectives", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "dermatological", "and", "even", "systemic", "diseases", ".", "The", "possibility", "for", "corrective", "intervention", "in", "disorders", "with", "inherited", "gene", "defects", "appears", "particularly", "attractive", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

skin, tissue, gene therapy, gene, delivery, ability, treatment, safety, epidermis, tissue, long - term treatment, gene, transfer, keratinocyte, stem cells, treatment, diseases, disorders, gene, defects

DerHautarzt.80490536.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: The skin is an attractive target tissue for gene therapy . Because of its accessibility , it is suitable for in vivo as well as for ex vivo gene delivery . The ability to monitor the treatment site is an advantage for safety considerations . The epidermis is a self-renewing tissue , which provides the possibility of achieving long-term treatment through gene transfer into keratinocyte stem cells . This opens new perspectives for the treatment of dermatological and even systemic diseases . The possibility for corrective intervention in disorders with inherited gene defects appears particularly attractive . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The skin is an attractive target tissue for gene therapy . Because of its accessibility , it is suitable for in vivo as well as for ex vivo gene delivery . The ability to monitor the treatment site is an advantage for safety considerations . The epidermis is a self-renewing tissue , which provides the possibility of achieving long-term treatment through gene transfer into keratinocyte stem cells . This opens new perspectives for the treatment of dermatological and even systemic diseases . The possibility for corrective intervention in disorders with inherited gene defects appears particularly attractive .

[ "The", "skin", "is", "an", "attractive", "target", "tissue", "for", "gene", "therapy", ".", "Because", "of", "its", "accessibility", ",", "it", "is", "suitable", "for", "in", "vivo", "as", "well", "as", "for", "ex", "vivo", "gene", "delivery", ".", "The", "ability", "to", "monitor", "the", "treatment", "site", "is", "an", "advantage", "for", "safety", "considerations", ".", "The", "epidermis", "is", "a", "self", "-", "renewing", "tissue", ",", "which", "provides", "the", "possibility", "of", "achieving", "long", "-", "term", "treatment", "through", "gene", "transfer", "into", "keratinocyte", "stem", "cells", ".", "This", "opens", "new", "perspectives", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "dermatological", "and", "even", "systemic", "diseases", ".", "The", "possibility", "for", "corrective", "intervention", "in", "disorders", "with", "inherited", "gene", "defects", "appears", "particularly", "attractive", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

N - methyl - D - aspartate receptor is a protein, tyrosine is a compound, NMDAR2A is a protein, NMDAR1 is a protein

DS.d260_task0

Sentence: From the known regulatory mechanisms of Arc expression, HFD reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity, as seen by decreases in tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDAR2A and levels of NMDAR1. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O" ]

From the known regulatory mechanisms of Arc expression, HFD reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity, as seen by decreases in tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDAR2A and levels of NMDAR1.

[ "From", "the", "known", "regulatory", "mechanisms", "of", "Arc", "expression", ",", "HFD", "reduced", "N", "-", "methyl", "-", "D", "-", "aspartate", "receptor", "(", "NMDAR", ")", "activity", ",", "as", "seen", "by", "decreases", "in", "tyrosine", "phosphorylation", "of", "NMDAR2A", "and", "levels", "of", "NMDAR1", "." ]

[ "protein", "compound" ]

N - methyl - D - aspartate receptor is a protein, tyrosine is a compound, NMDAR2A is a protein, NMDAR1 is a protein

DS.d260_task1

Sentence: From the known regulatory mechanisms of Arc expression, HFD reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity, as seen by decreases in tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDAR2A and levels of NMDAR1. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: N - methyl - D - aspartate receptor, tyrosine, NMDAR2A, NMDAR1 Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O" ]

From the known regulatory mechanisms of Arc expression, HFD reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity, as seen by decreases in tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDAR2A and levels of NMDAR1.

[ "From", "the", "known", "regulatory", "mechanisms", "of", "Arc", "expression", ",", "HFD", "reduced", "N", "-", "methyl", "-", "D", "-", "aspartate", "receptor", "(", "NMDAR", ")", "activity", ",", "as", "seen", "by", "decreases", "in", "tyrosine", "phosphorylation", "of", "NMDAR2A", "and", "levels", "of", "NMDAR1", "." ]

[ "protein", "compound" ]

N - methyl - D - aspartate receptor, tyrosine, NMDAR2A, NMDAR1

DS.d260_task2

Sentence: From the known regulatory mechanisms of Arc expression, HFD reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity, as seen by decreases in tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDAR2A and levels of NMDAR1. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "I-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O" ]

From the known regulatory mechanisms of Arc expression, HFD reduced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity, as seen by decreases in tyrosine phosphorylation of NMDAR2A and levels of NMDAR1.

[ "From", "the", "known", "regulatory", "mechanisms", "of", "Arc", "expression", ",", "HFD", "reduced", "N", "-", "methyl", "-", "D", "-", "aspartate", "receptor", "(", "NMDAR", ")", "activity", ",", "as", "seen", "by", "decreases", "in", "tyrosine", "phosphorylation", "of", "NMDAR2A", "and", "levels", "of", "NMDAR1", "." ]

[ "protein", "compound" ]

tobacco is a Plant, periodontal disease is a Disease, head and neck cancer is a Disease, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, periodontal disease is a Disease, head and neck cancer is a Disease

17012261_task0

Sentence: The use of tobacco products is associated with an increased incidence of periodontal disease, poor response to periodontal therapy, and a high risk for developing head and neck cancer. Nicotine and tobacco-derived nitrosamines have been shown to exhibit their pathobiologic effects due in part to activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs), mainly alpha7 nAChR, expressed by oral keratinocytes (KCs). This study was designed to gain mechanistic insight into alpha7-mediated morbidity of tobacco products in the oral cavity. We investigated the signaling pathways downstream of alpha7 nAChR in monolayers of oral KCs exposed for 24 h to aged and diluted sidestream cigarette smoke (ADSS) or an equivalent concentration of pure nicotine. By both real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and In-cell Western, the KCs stimulated with ADSS or nicotine showed multifold increases of STAT-3. These effects could be completely blocked or significantly (P<0.05) diminished if the cells were pretreated with the alpha7 antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (alphaBTX) or transfected with anti-alpha7 small interfering RNA (siRNA-alpha7). The use of pathway inhibitors revealed that signaling through the Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK steps mediated alpha7-dependent up-regulation of STAT-3. Targeted mutation of the alpha7 gene prevented ERK1/2 activation by nicotine. Using the gel mobility shift assay, we demonstrated that an increased protein binding activity of STAT-3 caused by ADSS or pure nicotine was mediated by janus-activated kinase (JAK)-2. Activation of JAK-2/STAT-3 pathway could be prevented by alphaBTX or siRNA-alpha7. Thus, nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 in KCs exposed to tobacco products is mediated via intracellular signaling downstream from alpha7, which proceeds via two complementary pathways. The Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK cascade culminates in up-regulated expression of the gene encoding STAT-3, whereas recruitment and activation of tyrosine kinase JAK-2 phosphorylates it. Elucidation of this novel mechanism of nicotine-dependent nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 identifies oral alpha7 nAChR as a promising molecular target to prevent, reverse, or retard tobacco-related periodontal disease and progression of head and neck cancer by receptor inhibitors. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Disease, Plant

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The use of tobacco products is associated with an increased incidence of periodontal disease, poor response to periodontal therapy, and a high risk for developing head and neck cancer. Nicotine and tobacco-derived nitrosamines have been shown to exhibit their pathobiologic effects due in part to activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs), mainly alpha7 nAChR, expressed by oral keratinocytes (KCs). This study was designed to gain mechanistic insight into alpha7-mediated morbidity of tobacco products in the oral cavity. We investigated the signaling pathways downstream of alpha7 nAChR in monolayers of oral KCs exposed for 24 h to aged and diluted sidestream cigarette smoke (ADSS) or an equivalent concentration of pure nicotine. By both real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and In-cell Western, the KCs stimulated with ADSS or nicotine showed multifold increases of STAT-3. These effects could be completely blocked or significantly (P<0.05) diminished if the cells were pretreated with the alpha7 antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (alphaBTX) or transfected with anti-alpha7 small interfering RNA (siRNA-alpha7). The use of pathway inhibitors revealed that signaling through the Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK steps mediated alpha7-dependent up-regulation of STAT-3. Targeted mutation of the alpha7 gene prevented ERK1/2 activation by nicotine. Using the gel mobility shift assay, we demonstrated that an increased protein binding activity of STAT-3 caused by ADSS or pure nicotine was mediated by janus-activated kinase (JAK)-2. Activation of JAK-2/STAT-3 pathway could be prevented by alphaBTX or siRNA-alpha7. Thus, nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 in KCs exposed to tobacco products is mediated via intracellular signaling downstream from alpha7, which proceeds via two complementary pathways. The Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK cascade culminates in up-regulated expression of the gene encoding STAT-3, whereas recruitment and activation of tyrosine kinase JAK-2 phosphorylates it. Elucidation of this novel mechanism of nicotine-dependent nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 identifies oral alpha7 nAChR as a promising molecular target to prevent, reverse, or retard tobacco-related periodontal disease and progression of head and neck cancer by receptor inhibitors.

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[ "Disease", "Plant" ]

tobacco is a Plant, periodontal disease is a Disease, head and neck cancer is a Disease, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, periodontal disease is a Disease, head and neck cancer is a Disease

17012261_task1

Sentence: The use of tobacco products is associated with an increased incidence of periodontal disease, poor response to periodontal therapy, and a high risk for developing head and neck cancer. Nicotine and tobacco-derived nitrosamines have been shown to exhibit their pathobiologic effects due in part to activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs), mainly alpha7 nAChR, expressed by oral keratinocytes (KCs). This study was designed to gain mechanistic insight into alpha7-mediated morbidity of tobacco products in the oral cavity. We investigated the signaling pathways downstream of alpha7 nAChR in monolayers of oral KCs exposed for 24 h to aged and diluted sidestream cigarette smoke (ADSS) or an equivalent concentration of pure nicotine. By both real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and In-cell Western, the KCs stimulated with ADSS or nicotine showed multifold increases of STAT-3. These effects could be completely blocked or significantly (P<0.05) diminished if the cells were pretreated with the alpha7 antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (alphaBTX) or transfected with anti-alpha7 small interfering RNA (siRNA-alpha7). The use of pathway inhibitors revealed that signaling through the Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK steps mediated alpha7-dependent up-regulation of STAT-3. Targeted mutation of the alpha7 gene prevented ERK1/2 activation by nicotine. Using the gel mobility shift assay, we demonstrated that an increased protein binding activity of STAT-3 caused by ADSS or pure nicotine was mediated by janus-activated kinase (JAK)-2. Activation of JAK-2/STAT-3 pathway could be prevented by alphaBTX or siRNA-alpha7. Thus, nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 in KCs exposed to tobacco products is mediated via intracellular signaling downstream from alpha7, which proceeds via two complementary pathways. The Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK cascade culminates in up-regulated expression of the gene encoding STAT-3, whereas recruitment and activation of tyrosine kinase JAK-2 phosphorylates it. Elucidation of this novel mechanism of nicotine-dependent nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 identifies oral alpha7 nAChR as a promising molecular target to prevent, reverse, or retard tobacco-related periodontal disease and progression of head and neck cancer by receptor inhibitors. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: tobacco, periodontal disease, head and neck cancer, tobacco, tobacco, tobacco, tobacco, periodontal disease, head and neck cancer Options: Disease, Plant

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The use of tobacco products is associated with an increased incidence of periodontal disease, poor response to periodontal therapy, and a high risk for developing head and neck cancer. Nicotine and tobacco-derived nitrosamines have been shown to exhibit their pathobiologic effects due in part to activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs), mainly alpha7 nAChR, expressed by oral keratinocytes (KCs). This study was designed to gain mechanistic insight into alpha7-mediated morbidity of tobacco products in the oral cavity. We investigated the signaling pathways downstream of alpha7 nAChR in monolayers of oral KCs exposed for 24 h to aged and diluted sidestream cigarette smoke (ADSS) or an equivalent concentration of pure nicotine. By both real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and In-cell Western, the KCs stimulated with ADSS or nicotine showed multifold increases of STAT-3. These effects could be completely blocked or significantly (P<0.05) diminished if the cells were pretreated with the alpha7 antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (alphaBTX) or transfected with anti-alpha7 small interfering RNA (siRNA-alpha7). The use of pathway inhibitors revealed that signaling through the Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK steps mediated alpha7-dependent up-regulation of STAT-3. Targeted mutation of the alpha7 gene prevented ERK1/2 activation by nicotine. Using the gel mobility shift assay, we demonstrated that an increased protein binding activity of STAT-3 caused by ADSS or pure nicotine was mediated by janus-activated kinase (JAK)-2. Activation of JAK-2/STAT-3 pathway could be prevented by alphaBTX or siRNA-alpha7. Thus, nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 in KCs exposed to tobacco products is mediated via intracellular signaling downstream from alpha7, which proceeds via two complementary pathways. The Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK cascade culminates in up-regulated expression of the gene encoding STAT-3, whereas recruitment and activation of tyrosine kinase JAK-2 phosphorylates it. Elucidation of this novel mechanism of nicotine-dependent nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 identifies oral alpha7 nAChR as a promising molecular target to prevent, reverse, or retard tobacco-related periodontal disease and progression of head and neck cancer by receptor inhibitors.

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[ "Disease", "Plant" ]

tobacco, periodontal disease, head and neck cancer, tobacco, tobacco, tobacco, tobacco, periodontal disease, head and neck cancer

17012261_task2

Sentence: The use of tobacco products is associated with an increased incidence of periodontal disease, poor response to periodontal therapy, and a high risk for developing head and neck cancer. Nicotine and tobacco-derived nitrosamines have been shown to exhibit their pathobiologic effects due in part to activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs), mainly alpha7 nAChR, expressed by oral keratinocytes (KCs). This study was designed to gain mechanistic insight into alpha7-mediated morbidity of tobacco products in the oral cavity. We investigated the signaling pathways downstream of alpha7 nAChR in monolayers of oral KCs exposed for 24 h to aged and diluted sidestream cigarette smoke (ADSS) or an equivalent concentration of pure nicotine. By both real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and In-cell Western, the KCs stimulated with ADSS or nicotine showed multifold increases of STAT-3. These effects could be completely blocked or significantly (P<0.05) diminished if the cells were pretreated with the alpha7 antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (alphaBTX) or transfected with anti-alpha7 small interfering RNA (siRNA-alpha7). The use of pathway inhibitors revealed that signaling through the Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK steps mediated alpha7-dependent up-regulation of STAT-3. Targeted mutation of the alpha7 gene prevented ERK1/2 activation by nicotine. Using the gel mobility shift assay, we demonstrated that an increased protein binding activity of STAT-3 caused by ADSS or pure nicotine was mediated by janus-activated kinase (JAK)-2. Activation of JAK-2/STAT-3 pathway could be prevented by alphaBTX or siRNA-alpha7. Thus, nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 in KCs exposed to tobacco products is mediated via intracellular signaling downstream from alpha7, which proceeds via two complementary pathways. The Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK cascade culminates in up-regulated expression of the gene encoding STAT-3, whereas recruitment and activation of tyrosine kinase JAK-2 phosphorylates it. Elucidation of this novel mechanism of nicotine-dependent nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 identifies oral alpha7 nAChR as a promising molecular target to prevent, reverse, or retard tobacco-related periodontal disease and progression of head and neck cancer by receptor inhibitors. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The use of tobacco products is associated with an increased incidence of periodontal disease, poor response to periodontal therapy, and a high risk for developing head and neck cancer. Nicotine and tobacco-derived nitrosamines have been shown to exhibit their pathobiologic effects due in part to activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChRs), mainly alpha7 nAChR, expressed by oral keratinocytes (KCs). This study was designed to gain mechanistic insight into alpha7-mediated morbidity of tobacco products in the oral cavity. We investigated the signaling pathways downstream of alpha7 nAChR in monolayers of oral KCs exposed for 24 h to aged and diluted sidestream cigarette smoke (ADSS) or an equivalent concentration of pure nicotine. By both real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and In-cell Western, the KCs stimulated with ADSS or nicotine showed multifold increases of STAT-3. These effects could be completely blocked or significantly (P<0.05) diminished if the cells were pretreated with the alpha7 antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (alphaBTX) or transfected with anti-alpha7 small interfering RNA (siRNA-alpha7). The use of pathway inhibitors revealed that signaling through the Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK steps mediated alpha7-dependent up-regulation of STAT-3. Targeted mutation of the alpha7 gene prevented ERK1/2 activation by nicotine. Using the gel mobility shift assay, we demonstrated that an increased protein binding activity of STAT-3 caused by ADSS or pure nicotine was mediated by janus-activated kinase (JAK)-2. Activation of JAK-2/STAT-3 pathway could be prevented by alphaBTX or siRNA-alpha7. Thus, nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 in KCs exposed to tobacco products is mediated via intracellular signaling downstream from alpha7, which proceeds via two complementary pathways. The Ras/Raf-1/MEK1/ERK cascade culminates in up-regulated expression of the gene encoding STAT-3, whereas recruitment and activation of tyrosine kinase JAK-2 phosphorylates it. Elucidation of this novel mechanism of nicotine-dependent nuclear transactivation of STAT-3 identifies oral alpha7 nAChR as a promising molecular target to prevent, reverse, or retard tobacco-related periodontal disease and progression of head and neck cancer by receptor inhibitors.

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[ "Disease", "Plant" ]

talin is a Individual_protein, vinculin is a Individual_protein, actin is a Individual_protein

572_task0

Sentence: On the internal (cytoplasmic) side of focal contacts, several proteins, including talin and vinculin, mediate interactions with the actin filament bundles of the cytoskeleton. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Individual_protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

On the internal (cytoplasmic) side of focal contacts, several proteins, including talin and vinculin, mediate interactions with the actin filament bundles of the cytoskeleton.

[ "On", "the", "internal", "(", "cytoplasmic", ")", "side", "of", "focal", "contacts", ",", "several", "proteins", ",", "including", "talin", "and", "vinculin", ",", "mediate", "interactions", "with", "the", "actin", "filament", "bundles", "of", "the", "cytoskeleton", "." ]

[ "Individual_protein" ]

talin is a Individual_protein, vinculin is a Individual_protein, actin is a Individual_protein

572_task1

Sentence: On the internal (cytoplasmic) side of focal contacts, several proteins, including talin and vinculin, mediate interactions with the actin filament bundles of the cytoskeleton. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: talin, vinculin, actin Options: Individual_protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

On the internal (cytoplasmic) side of focal contacts, several proteins, including talin and vinculin, mediate interactions with the actin filament bundles of the cytoskeleton.

[ "On", "the", "internal", "(", "cytoplasmic", ")", "side", "of", "focal", "contacts", ",", "several", "proteins", ",", "including", "talin", "and", "vinculin", ",", "mediate", "interactions", "with", "the", "actin", "filament", "bundles", "of", "the", "cytoskeleton", "." ]

[ "Individual_protein" ]

talin, vinculin, actin

572_task2

Sentence: On the internal (cytoplasmic) side of focal contacts, several proteins, including talin and vinculin, mediate interactions with the actin filament bundles of the cytoskeleton. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

On the internal (cytoplasmic) side of focal contacts, several proteins, including talin and vinculin, mediate interactions with the actin filament bundles of the cytoskeleton.

[ "On", "the", "internal", "(", "cytoplasmic", ")", "side", "of", "focal", "contacts", ",", "several", "proteins", ",", "including", "talin", "and", "vinculin", ",", "mediate", "interactions", "with", "the", "actin", "filament", "bundles", "of", "the", "cytoskeleton", "." ]

[ "Individual_protein" ]

Kammertachykardien is an umlsterm, Kammerflimmern is an umlsterm

ZfuerKardiologie.00890274.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Hintergrund : Ventrikulaere Spaetpotentiale sind eher bei Postinfarktpatienten mit rezidivierenden Kammertachykardien als solchen mit ueberlebtem , Kammerflimmern vorhanden . Moeglicherweise unterliegt die Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit tageszeitlichen Schwankungen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Hintergrund : Ventrikulaere Spaetpotentiale sind eher bei Postinfarktpatienten mit rezidivierenden Kammertachykardien als solchen mit ueberlebtem , Kammerflimmern vorhanden . Moeglicherweise unterliegt die Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit tageszeitlichen Schwankungen .

[ "Hintergrund", ":", "Ventrikulaere", "Spaetpotentiale", "sind", "eher", "bei", "Postinfarktpatienten", "mit", "rezidivierenden", "Kammertachykardien", "als", "solchen", "mit", "ueberlebtem", ",", "Kammerflimmern", "vorhanden", ".", "Moeglicherweise", "unterliegt", "die", "Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit", "tageszeitlichen", "Schwankungen", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Kammertachykardien is an umlsterm, Kammerflimmern is an umlsterm

ZfuerKardiologie.00890274.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Hintergrund : Ventrikulaere Spaetpotentiale sind eher bei Postinfarktpatienten mit rezidivierenden Kammertachykardien als solchen mit ueberlebtem , Kammerflimmern vorhanden . Moeglicherweise unterliegt die Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit tageszeitlichen Schwankungen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Kammertachykardien, Kammerflimmern Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Hintergrund : Ventrikulaere Spaetpotentiale sind eher bei Postinfarktpatienten mit rezidivierenden Kammertachykardien als solchen mit ueberlebtem , Kammerflimmern vorhanden . Moeglicherweise unterliegt die Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit tageszeitlichen Schwankungen .

[ "Hintergrund", ":", "Ventrikulaere", "Spaetpotentiale", "sind", "eher", "bei", "Postinfarktpatienten", "mit", "rezidivierenden", "Kammertachykardien", "als", "solchen", "mit", "ueberlebtem", ",", "Kammerflimmern", "vorhanden", ".", "Moeglicherweise", "unterliegt", "die", "Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit", "tageszeitlichen", "Schwankungen", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Kammertachykardien, Kammerflimmern

ZfuerKardiologie.00890274.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Hintergrund : Ventrikulaere Spaetpotentiale sind eher bei Postinfarktpatienten mit rezidivierenden Kammertachykardien als solchen mit ueberlebtem , Kammerflimmern vorhanden . Moeglicherweise unterliegt die Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit tageszeitlichen Schwankungen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Hintergrund : Ventrikulaere Spaetpotentiale sind eher bei Postinfarktpatienten mit rezidivierenden Kammertachykardien als solchen mit ueberlebtem , Kammerflimmern vorhanden . Moeglicherweise unterliegt die Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit tageszeitlichen Schwankungen .

[ "Hintergrund", ":", "Ventrikulaere", "Spaetpotentiale", "sind", "eher", "bei", "Postinfarktpatienten", "mit", "rezidivierenden", "Kammertachykardien", "als", "solchen", "mit", "ueberlebtem", ",", "Kammerflimmern", "vorhanden", ".", "Moeglicherweise", "unterliegt", "die", "Spaetpotentialnachweisbarkeit", "tageszeitlichen", "Schwankungen", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

peptic ulcer disease is a Outcome_Physical, furazolidone . Furazolidone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, human is a Participant_Sex, animal ulcers . is a Outcome_Physical, ulcer healing is a Outcome_Physical, tolerated is a Outcome_Other, mutagenic is a Outcome_Other, carcinogenic is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction is a Outcome_Physical, antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori is a Outcome_Physical

14419_task0

Sentence: Treatment of peptic ulcer disease with furazolidone . Furazolidone ( FZ ) has been used in China as a treatment of peptic ulcer disease for about 20 years . Clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has good short-term and long-term effects on both human and animal ulcers . The ulcer healing rate is related to the dosage and course of treatment . The healing rate of a high dose , 2 week course is about 70-75 % and the relapse rate after 3 years is 9.5 % . The adverse reactions to FZ are not severe , and are well tolerated in most patients . However the mutagenic studies of several biological systems indicate that it has a mutagenic effect , but the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on humans and animals remain questionable , because FZ has been biotransformed into other metabolites . The mechanisms of FZ in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease are not fully understood , perhaps partly due to the monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction and partly to the antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori ( HP ) . The long-term effects of FZ are still not clear . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Sex, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other

[ "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sex", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Treatment of peptic ulcer disease with furazolidone . Furazolidone ( FZ ) has been used in China as a treatment of peptic ulcer disease for about 20 years . Clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has good short-term and long-term effects on both human and animal ulcers . The ulcer healing rate is related to the dosage and course of treatment . The healing rate of a high dose , 2 week course is about 70-75 % and the relapse rate after 3 years is 9.5 % . The adverse reactions to FZ are not severe , and are well tolerated in most patients . However the mutagenic studies of several biological systems indicate that it has a mutagenic effect , but the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on humans and animals remain questionable , because FZ has been biotransformed into other metabolites . The mechanisms of FZ in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease are not fully understood , perhaps partly due to the monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction and partly to the antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori ( HP ) . The long-term effects of FZ are still not clear .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sex" ]

peptic ulcer disease is a Outcome_Physical, furazolidone . Furazolidone is a Intervention_Pharmacological, human is a Participant_Sex, animal ulcers . is a Outcome_Physical, ulcer healing is a Outcome_Physical, tolerated is a Outcome_Other, mutagenic is a Outcome_Other, carcinogenic is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction is a Outcome_Physical, antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori is a Outcome_Physical

14419_task1

Sentence: Treatment of peptic ulcer disease with furazolidone . Furazolidone ( FZ ) has been used in China as a treatment of peptic ulcer disease for about 20 years . Clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has good short-term and long-term effects on both human and animal ulcers . The ulcer healing rate is related to the dosage and course of treatment . The healing rate of a high dose , 2 week course is about 70-75 % and the relapse rate after 3 years is 9.5 % . The adverse reactions to FZ are not severe , and are well tolerated in most patients . However the mutagenic studies of several biological systems indicate that it has a mutagenic effect , but the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on humans and animals remain questionable , because FZ has been biotransformed into other metabolites . The mechanisms of FZ in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease are not fully understood , perhaps partly due to the monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction and partly to the antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori ( HP ) . The long-term effects of FZ are still not clear . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: peptic ulcer disease, furazolidone . Furazolidone, human, animal ulcers ., ulcer healing, tolerated, mutagenic, carcinogenic, monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction, antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Sex, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other

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Treatment of peptic ulcer disease with furazolidone . Furazolidone ( FZ ) has been used in China as a treatment of peptic ulcer disease for about 20 years . Clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has good short-term and long-term effects on both human and animal ulcers . The ulcer healing rate is related to the dosage and course of treatment . The healing rate of a high dose , 2 week course is about 70-75 % and the relapse rate after 3 years is 9.5 % . The adverse reactions to FZ are not severe , and are well tolerated in most patients . However the mutagenic studies of several biological systems indicate that it has a mutagenic effect , but the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on humans and animals remain questionable , because FZ has been biotransformed into other metabolites . The mechanisms of FZ in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease are not fully understood , perhaps partly due to the monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction and partly to the antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori ( HP ) . The long-term effects of FZ are still not clear .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sex" ]

peptic ulcer disease, furazolidone . Furazolidone, human, animal ulcers ., ulcer healing, tolerated, mutagenic, carcinogenic, monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction, antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori

14419_task2

Sentence: Treatment of peptic ulcer disease with furazolidone . Furazolidone ( FZ ) has been used in China as a treatment of peptic ulcer disease for about 20 years . Clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has good short-term and long-term effects on both human and animal ulcers . The ulcer healing rate is related to the dosage and course of treatment . The healing rate of a high dose , 2 week course is about 70-75 % and the relapse rate after 3 years is 9.5 % . The adverse reactions to FZ are not severe , and are well tolerated in most patients . However the mutagenic studies of several biological systems indicate that it has a mutagenic effect , but the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on humans and animals remain questionable , because FZ has been biotransformed into other metabolites . The mechanisms of FZ in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease are not fully understood , perhaps partly due to the monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction and partly to the antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori ( HP ) . The long-term effects of FZ are still not clear . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Treatment of peptic ulcer disease with furazolidone . Furazolidone ( FZ ) has been used in China as a treatment of peptic ulcer disease for about 20 years . Clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has good short-term and long-term effects on both human and animal ulcers . The ulcer healing rate is related to the dosage and course of treatment . The healing rate of a high dose , 2 week course is about 70-75 % and the relapse rate after 3 years is 9.5 % . The adverse reactions to FZ are not severe , and are well tolerated in most patients . However the mutagenic studies of several biological systems indicate that it has a mutagenic effect , but the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on humans and animals remain questionable , because FZ has been biotransformed into other metabolites . The mechanisms of FZ in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease are not fully understood , perhaps partly due to the monoamine oxidase ( MAO ) inhibitory reaction and partly to the antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori ( HP ) . The long-term effects of FZ are still not clear .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sex" ]

Cobicistat is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Ritonavir is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Atazanavir is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Combination With Emtricitabine / Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, COBI is a Intervention_Pharmacological, efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, ritonavir ( RTV ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine / tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, HIV treatment - naive patients is a Participant_Condition, virologic suppression is a Outcome_Physical, Adverse events is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, changes in serum creatinine is a Outcome_Physical

72147_task0

Sentence: Brief Report : Cobicistat Compared With Ritonavir as a Pharmacoenhancer for Atazanavir in Combination With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate : Week 144 Results . BACKGROUND Cobicistat ( COBI ) is a pharmacoenhancer with no antiretroviral activity . METHODS International , randomized double-blind active-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of COBI vs ritonavir ( RTV ) as a pharmacoenhancer of atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in HIV treatment-naive patients followed through week 144 . RESULTS At Week 144 , virologic suppression was achieved in 72 % ( COBI ) and 74 % ( RTV ) of patients . Adverse events leading to study drug discontinuation occurred in 11 % of patients in each group . Median changes in serum creatinine ( mg/dL ) were +0.13 ( COBI ) and +0.07 ( RTV ) and were unchanged from week 48 . CONCLUSIONS Once-daily COBI is a safe and effective pharmacoenhancer of the protease inhibitor atazanavir . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other

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Brief Report : Cobicistat Compared With Ritonavir as a Pharmacoenhancer for Atazanavir in Combination With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate : Week 144 Results . BACKGROUND Cobicistat ( COBI ) is a pharmacoenhancer with no antiretroviral activity . METHODS International , randomized double-blind active-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of COBI vs ritonavir ( RTV ) as a pharmacoenhancer of atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in HIV treatment-naive patients followed through week 144 . RESULTS At Week 144 , virologic suppression was achieved in 72 % ( COBI ) and 74 % ( RTV ) of patients . Adverse events leading to study drug discontinuation occurred in 11 % of patients in each group . Median changes in serum creatinine ( mg/dL ) were +0.13 ( COBI ) and +0.07 ( RTV ) and were unchanged from week 48 . CONCLUSIONS Once-daily COBI is a safe and effective pharmacoenhancer of the protease inhibitor atazanavir .

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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects" ]

Cobicistat is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Ritonavir is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Atazanavir is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Combination With Emtricitabine / Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, COBI is a Intervention_Pharmacological, efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, ritonavir ( RTV ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine / tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is a Intervention_Pharmacological, HIV treatment - naive patients is a Participant_Condition, virologic suppression is a Outcome_Physical, Adverse events is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, changes in serum creatinine is a Outcome_Physical

72147_task1

Sentence: Brief Report : Cobicistat Compared With Ritonavir as a Pharmacoenhancer for Atazanavir in Combination With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate : Week 144 Results . BACKGROUND Cobicistat ( COBI ) is a pharmacoenhancer with no antiretroviral activity . METHODS International , randomized double-blind active-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of COBI vs ritonavir ( RTV ) as a pharmacoenhancer of atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in HIV treatment-naive patients followed through week 144 . RESULTS At Week 144 , virologic suppression was achieved in 72 % ( COBI ) and 74 % ( RTV ) of patients . Adverse events leading to study drug discontinuation occurred in 11 % of patients in each group . Median changes in serum creatinine ( mg/dL ) were +0.13 ( COBI ) and +0.07 ( RTV ) and were unchanged from week 48 . CONCLUSIONS Once-daily COBI is a safe and effective pharmacoenhancer of the protease inhibitor atazanavir . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Cobicistat, Ritonavir, Atazanavir, Combination With Emtricitabine / Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, COBI, efficacy and safety, ritonavir ( RTV ), atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine / tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, HIV treatment - naive patients, virologic suppression, Adverse events, changes in serum creatinine Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Brief Report : Cobicistat Compared With Ritonavir as a Pharmacoenhancer for Atazanavir in Combination With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate : Week 144 Results . BACKGROUND Cobicistat ( COBI ) is a pharmacoenhancer with no antiretroviral activity . METHODS International , randomized double-blind active-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of COBI vs ritonavir ( RTV ) as a pharmacoenhancer of atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in HIV treatment-naive patients followed through week 144 . RESULTS At Week 144 , virologic suppression was achieved in 72 % ( COBI ) and 74 % ( RTV ) of patients . Adverse events leading to study drug discontinuation occurred in 11 % of patients in each group . Median changes in serum creatinine ( mg/dL ) were +0.13 ( COBI ) and +0.07 ( RTV ) and were unchanged from week 48 . CONCLUSIONS Once-daily COBI is a safe and effective pharmacoenhancer of the protease inhibitor atazanavir .

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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects" ]

Cobicistat, Ritonavir, Atazanavir, Combination With Emtricitabine / Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, COBI, efficacy and safety, ritonavir ( RTV ), atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine / tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, HIV treatment - naive patients, virologic suppression, Adverse events, changes in serum creatinine

72147_task2

Sentence: Brief Report : Cobicistat Compared With Ritonavir as a Pharmacoenhancer for Atazanavir in Combination With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate : Week 144 Results . BACKGROUND Cobicistat ( COBI ) is a pharmacoenhancer with no antiretroviral activity . METHODS International , randomized double-blind active-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of COBI vs ritonavir ( RTV ) as a pharmacoenhancer of atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in HIV treatment-naive patients followed through week 144 . RESULTS At Week 144 , virologic suppression was achieved in 72 % ( COBI ) and 74 % ( RTV ) of patients . Adverse events leading to study drug discontinuation occurred in 11 % of patients in each group . Median changes in serum creatinine ( mg/dL ) were +0.13 ( COBI ) and +0.07 ( RTV ) and were unchanged from week 48 . CONCLUSIONS Once-daily COBI is a safe and effective pharmacoenhancer of the protease inhibitor atazanavir . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Brief Report : Cobicistat Compared With Ritonavir as a Pharmacoenhancer for Atazanavir in Combination With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate : Week 144 Results . BACKGROUND Cobicistat ( COBI ) is a pharmacoenhancer with no antiretroviral activity . METHODS International , randomized double-blind active-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of COBI vs ritonavir ( RTV ) as a pharmacoenhancer of atazanavir in combination with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in HIV treatment-naive patients followed through week 144 . RESULTS At Week 144 , virologic suppression was achieved in 72 % ( COBI ) and 74 % ( RTV ) of patients . Adverse events leading to study drug discontinuation occurred in 11 % of patients in each group . Median changes in serum creatinine ( mg/dL ) were +0.13 ( COBI ) and +0.07 ( RTV ) and were unchanged from week 48 . CONCLUSIONS Once-daily COBI is a safe and effective pharmacoenhancer of the protease inhibitor atazanavir .

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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Adverse-effects" ]

Malaria is an umlsterm, parasitic is an umlsterm, infection is an umlsterm, Malaria is an umlsterm, causes of death is an umlsterm

MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.81461167.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Malaria is still the most important parasitic infection and , as Malaria tropica , one of the major causes of death in tropical countries . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Malaria is still the most important parasitic infection and , as Malaria tropica , one of the major causes of death in tropical countries .

[ "Malaria", "is", "still", "the", "most", "important", "parasitic", "infection", "and", ",", "as", "Malaria", "tropica", ",", "one", "of", "the", "major", "causes", "of", "death", "in", "tropical", "countries", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Malaria is an umlsterm, parasitic is an umlsterm, infection is an umlsterm, Malaria is an umlsterm, causes of death is an umlsterm

MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.81461167.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Malaria is still the most important parasitic infection and , as Malaria tropica , one of the major causes of death in tropical countries . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Malaria, parasitic, infection, Malaria, causes of death Options: umlsterm

[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Malaria is still the most important parasitic infection and , as Malaria tropica , one of the major causes of death in tropical countries .

[ "Malaria", "is", "still", "the", "most", "important", "parasitic", "infection", "and", ",", "as", "Malaria", "tropica", ",", "one", "of", "the", "major", "causes", "of", "death", "in", "tropical", "countries", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Malaria, parasitic, infection, Malaria, causes of death

MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.81461167.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Malaria is still the most important parasitic infection and , as Malaria tropica , one of the major causes of death in tropical countries . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Malaria is still the most important parasitic infection and , as Malaria tropica , one of the major causes of death in tropical countries .

[ "Malaria", "is", "still", "the", "most", "important", "parasitic", "infection", "and", ",", "as", "Malaria", "tropica", ",", "one", "of", "the", "major", "causes", "of", "death", "in", "tropical", "countries", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

pharynx is an umlsterm, diagnostic imaging is an umlsterm, MRI is an umlsterm, frequency is an umlsterm, malformations is an umlsterm, inflammation is an umlsterm, trauma is an umlsterm, dysphagia is an umlsterm, neoplasia is an umlsterm, diseases is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, goal is an umlsterm, diagnostic imaging is an umlsterm, pharynx is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, otorhinolaryngology is an umlsterm, radiology is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, vessels is an umlsterm, nerves is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm

DerRadiologe.00400596.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Pathological conditions of the pharynx requiring diagnostic imaging ( CT and/or MRI ) are in increasing frequency malformations , inflammation , trauma , dysphagia and neoplasia . For neoplastic diseases CT/MRI are of major importance for pretherapeutical staging . Furthermore they should be used routinely in tumor follow up . Primary goal of diagnostic imaging of the pharynx is the analysis of submucosal structures that are not visible by clinical means . The close cooperation between otorhinolaryngology and radiology is necessary to define size , extent of tumor spread , infiltration and/or destruction of vital structures ( vessels , nerves ) , leading to an individual therapeutic regimen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Pathological conditions of the pharynx requiring diagnostic imaging ( CT and/or MRI ) are in increasing frequency malformations , inflammation , trauma , dysphagia and neoplasia . For neoplastic diseases CT/MRI are of major importance for pretherapeutical staging . Furthermore they should be used routinely in tumor follow up . Primary goal of diagnostic imaging of the pharynx is the analysis of submucosal structures that are not visible by clinical means . The close cooperation between otorhinolaryngology and radiology is necessary to define size , extent of tumor spread , infiltration and/or destruction of vital structures ( vessels , nerves ) , leading to an individual therapeutic regimen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

pharynx is an umlsterm, diagnostic imaging is an umlsterm, MRI is an umlsterm, frequency is an umlsterm, malformations is an umlsterm, inflammation is an umlsterm, trauma is an umlsterm, dysphagia is an umlsterm, neoplasia is an umlsterm, diseases is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, goal is an umlsterm, diagnostic imaging is an umlsterm, pharynx is an umlsterm, analysis is an umlsterm, otorhinolaryngology is an umlsterm, radiology is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, vessels is an umlsterm, nerves is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm

DerRadiologe.00400596.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Pathological conditions of the pharynx requiring diagnostic imaging ( CT and/or MRI ) are in increasing frequency malformations , inflammation , trauma , dysphagia and neoplasia . For neoplastic diseases CT/MRI are of major importance for pretherapeutical staging . Furthermore they should be used routinely in tumor follow up . Primary goal of diagnostic imaging of the pharynx is the analysis of submucosal structures that are not visible by clinical means . The close cooperation between otorhinolaryngology and radiology is necessary to define size , extent of tumor spread , infiltration and/or destruction of vital structures ( vessels , nerves ) , leading to an individual therapeutic regimen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: pharynx, diagnostic imaging, MRI, frequency, malformations, inflammation, trauma, dysphagia, neoplasia, diseases, tumor, goal, diagnostic imaging, pharynx, analysis, otorhinolaryngology, radiology, tumor, vessels, nerves, therapeutic Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O" ]

Pathological conditions of the pharynx requiring diagnostic imaging ( CT and/or MRI ) are in increasing frequency malformations , inflammation , trauma , dysphagia and neoplasia . For neoplastic diseases CT/MRI are of major importance for pretherapeutical staging . Furthermore they should be used routinely in tumor follow up . Primary goal of diagnostic imaging of the pharynx is the analysis of submucosal structures that are not visible by clinical means . The close cooperation between otorhinolaryngology and radiology is necessary to define size , extent of tumor spread , infiltration and/or destruction of vital structures ( vessels , nerves ) , leading to an individual therapeutic regimen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

pharynx, diagnostic imaging, MRI, frequency, malformations, inflammation, trauma, dysphagia, neoplasia, diseases, tumor, goal, diagnostic imaging, pharynx, analysis, otorhinolaryngology, radiology, tumor, vessels, nerves, therapeutic

DerRadiologe.00400596.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Pathological conditions of the pharynx requiring diagnostic imaging ( CT and/or MRI ) are in increasing frequency malformations , inflammation , trauma , dysphagia and neoplasia . For neoplastic diseases CT/MRI are of major importance for pretherapeutical staging . Furthermore they should be used routinely in tumor follow up . Primary goal of diagnostic imaging of the pharynx is the analysis of submucosal structures that are not visible by clinical means . The close cooperation between otorhinolaryngology and radiology is necessary to define size , extent of tumor spread , infiltration and/or destruction of vital structures ( vessels , nerves ) , leading to an individual therapeutic regimen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Pathological conditions of the pharynx requiring diagnostic imaging ( CT and/or MRI ) are in increasing frequency malformations , inflammation , trauma , dysphagia and neoplasia . For neoplastic diseases CT/MRI are of major importance for pretherapeutical staging . Furthermore they should be used routinely in tumor follow up . Primary goal of diagnostic imaging of the pharynx is the analysis of submucosal structures that are not visible by clinical means . The close cooperation between otorhinolaryngology and radiology is necessary to define size , extent of tumor spread , infiltration and/or destruction of vital structures ( vessels , nerves ) , leading to an individual therapeutic regimen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Age is a Person, 18 or older is a Value, acromegaly is a Condition, GH - secreting pituitary adenoma is a Condition, sellar MRI is a Procedure, biochemical criteria outlined above is a Qualifier, typical is a Qualifier, acromegalic features is a Condition, No is a Negation, prior is a Temporal, somatostatin analogues is a Drug

NCT02427295_inc_task0

Sentence: Age 18 or older. Patients diagnosed with acromegaly with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma on sellar MRI, meeting the biochemical criteria outlined above (refer to 1. Diagnosis of acromegaly) and with typical acromegalic features. No prior use of somatostatin analogues. Adequate hepatic and renal function Provision of a signed written informed consent Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Temporal, Condition, Qualifier, Value, Person, Procedure, Negation, Drug

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Age 18 or older. Patients diagnosed with acromegaly with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma on sellar MRI, meeting the biochemical criteria outlined above (refer to 1. Diagnosis of acromegaly) and with typical acromegalic features. No prior use of somatostatin analogues. Adequate hepatic and renal function Provision of a signed written informed consent

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[ "Qualifier", "Condition", "Drug", "Value", "Procedure", "Temporal", "Person", "Negation" ]

Age is a Person, 18 or older is a Value, acromegaly is a Condition, GH - secreting pituitary adenoma is a Condition, sellar MRI is a Procedure, biochemical criteria outlined above is a Qualifier, typical is a Qualifier, acromegalic features is a Condition, No is a Negation, prior is a Temporal, somatostatin analogues is a Drug

NCT02427295_inc_task1

Sentence: Age 18 or older. Patients diagnosed with acromegaly with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma on sellar MRI, meeting the biochemical criteria outlined above (refer to 1. Diagnosis of acromegaly) and with typical acromegalic features. No prior use of somatostatin analogues. Adequate hepatic and renal function Provision of a signed written informed consent Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Age, 18 or older, acromegaly, GH - secreting pituitary adenoma, sellar MRI, biochemical criteria outlined above, typical, acromegalic features, No, prior, somatostatin analogues Options: Temporal, Condition, Qualifier, Value, Person, Procedure, Negation, Drug

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Age 18 or older. Patients diagnosed with acromegaly with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma on sellar MRI, meeting the biochemical criteria outlined above (refer to 1. Diagnosis of acromegaly) and with typical acromegalic features. No prior use of somatostatin analogues. Adequate hepatic and renal function Provision of a signed written informed consent

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[ "Qualifier", "Condition", "Drug", "Value", "Procedure", "Temporal", "Person", "Negation" ]

Age, 18 or older, acromegaly, GH - secreting pituitary adenoma, sellar MRI, biochemical criteria outlined above, typical, acromegalic features, No, prior, somatostatin analogues

NCT02427295_inc_task2

Sentence: Age 18 or older. Patients diagnosed with acromegaly with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma on sellar MRI, meeting the biochemical criteria outlined above (refer to 1. Diagnosis of acromegaly) and with typical acromegalic features. No prior use of somatostatin analogues. Adequate hepatic and renal function Provision of a signed written informed consent Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Age 18 or older. Patients diagnosed with acromegaly with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma on sellar MRI, meeting the biochemical criteria outlined above (refer to 1. Diagnosis of acromegaly) and with typical acromegalic features. No prior use of somatostatin analogues. Adequate hepatic and renal function Provision of a signed written informed consent

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[ "Qualifier", "Condition", "Drug", "Value", "Procedure", "Temporal", "Person", "Negation" ]

Akutkrankenhaus is an umlsterm, Schlaganfall is an umlsterm, notfallmaessigen is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Ultraschalldiagnostik is an umlsterm, EKG is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Blutdruck is an umlsterm, EKG is an umlsterm, Dopplersonographie is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, zerebraler Ischaemie is an umlsterm, Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten is an umlsterm, Blutdruckschwankungen is an umlsterm, gezielte is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Hypotension is an umlsterm, zerebralen Oedems is an umlsterm, kardialer Arrhythmien is an umlsterm, Dopplersonographie is an umlsterm, Hirninfarktpatienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Hirninfarktpatienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm

DerNervenarzt.70680122.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Wir untersuchten die Effekte einer Stroke Unit in einem neurologischen Akutkrankenhaus auf das Outcome und die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts nach akutem Schlaganfall . Nach einer notfallmaessigen Diagnostik bei der Aufnahme einschliesslich CCT , Ultraschalldiagnostik und EKG wurden die Patienten auf einer spezialisierten Stroke Unit fuer durchschnittlich 3,9 Tage behandelt . Fuer 48 +/- 24 h erfolgte ein Monitoring von Blutdruck , EKG , pO2 und transkranialer Dopplersonographie . Durch die Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit liess sich die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts von durchschnittlich 15,8 Tagen in dem Zeitraum vor Einrichtung der Stroke Unit auf 12,9 Tage verkuerzen . Dieser Effekt war besonders ausgepraegt bei Patienten mit akutem Verschluss intrakranialer Gefaesse ( vor der Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit : n = 33 ; Krankenhausaufenthalt fuer 22,5 Tage ; nach Einrichtung der Stroke Unit : n = 54 ; Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts 13,9 Tage ) . Eine klinische Verschlechterung bei Patienten mit akuter zerebraler Ischaemie zeigte sich bei einer Reduktion der Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten durch Blutdruckschwankungen oder zerebrale Raumforderung . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit machte die sofortige gezielte Behandlung einer systemischen Hypotension , eines zerebralen Oedems bzw. kardialer Arrhythmien moeglich . Das Monitoring mittels transkranialer Dopplersonographie zeigte HITS bei 6 von 55 akuten Hirninfarktpatienten , ohne dass neue neurologische Symptome oder eine Befundverschlechterung auftraten . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit verbessert die spezifische Behandlung akuter Hirninfarktpatienten . Die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts laesst sich durch die Behandlung auf einer Stroke Unit verkuerzen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Wir untersuchten die Effekte einer Stroke Unit in einem neurologischen Akutkrankenhaus auf das Outcome und die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts nach akutem Schlaganfall . Nach einer notfallmaessigen Diagnostik bei der Aufnahme einschliesslich CCT , Ultraschalldiagnostik und EKG wurden die Patienten auf einer spezialisierten Stroke Unit fuer durchschnittlich 3,9 Tage behandelt . Fuer 48 +/- 24 h erfolgte ein Monitoring von Blutdruck , EKG , pO2 und transkranialer Dopplersonographie . Durch die Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit liess sich die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts von durchschnittlich 15,8 Tagen in dem Zeitraum vor Einrichtung der Stroke Unit auf 12,9 Tage verkuerzen . Dieser Effekt war besonders ausgepraegt bei Patienten mit akutem Verschluss intrakranialer Gefaesse ( vor der Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit : n = 33 ; Krankenhausaufenthalt fuer 22,5 Tage ; nach Einrichtung der Stroke Unit : n = 54 ; Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts 13,9 Tage ) . Eine klinische Verschlechterung bei Patienten mit akuter zerebraler Ischaemie zeigte sich bei einer Reduktion der Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten durch Blutdruckschwankungen oder zerebrale Raumforderung . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit machte die sofortige gezielte Behandlung einer systemischen Hypotension , eines zerebralen Oedems bzw. kardialer Arrhythmien moeglich . Das Monitoring mittels transkranialer Dopplersonographie zeigte HITS bei 6 von 55 akuten Hirninfarktpatienten , ohne dass neue neurologische Symptome oder eine Befundverschlechterung auftraten . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit verbessert die spezifische Behandlung akuter Hirninfarktpatienten . Die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts laesst sich durch die Behandlung auf einer Stroke Unit verkuerzen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Akutkrankenhaus is an umlsterm, Schlaganfall is an umlsterm, notfallmaessigen is an umlsterm, Diagnostik is an umlsterm, Ultraschalldiagnostik is an umlsterm, EKG is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Blutdruck is an umlsterm, EKG is an umlsterm, Dopplersonographie is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, zerebraler Ischaemie is an umlsterm, Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten is an umlsterm, Blutdruckschwankungen is an umlsterm, gezielte is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Hypotension is an umlsterm, zerebralen Oedems is an umlsterm, kardialer Arrhythmien is an umlsterm, Dopplersonographie is an umlsterm, Hirninfarktpatienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Hirninfarktpatienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm

DerNervenarzt.70680122.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Wir untersuchten die Effekte einer Stroke Unit in einem neurologischen Akutkrankenhaus auf das Outcome und die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts nach akutem Schlaganfall . Nach einer notfallmaessigen Diagnostik bei der Aufnahme einschliesslich CCT , Ultraschalldiagnostik und EKG wurden die Patienten auf einer spezialisierten Stroke Unit fuer durchschnittlich 3,9 Tage behandelt . Fuer 48 +/- 24 h erfolgte ein Monitoring von Blutdruck , EKG , pO2 und transkranialer Dopplersonographie . Durch die Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit liess sich die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts von durchschnittlich 15,8 Tagen in dem Zeitraum vor Einrichtung der Stroke Unit auf 12,9 Tage verkuerzen . Dieser Effekt war besonders ausgepraegt bei Patienten mit akutem Verschluss intrakranialer Gefaesse ( vor der Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit : n = 33 ; Krankenhausaufenthalt fuer 22,5 Tage ; nach Einrichtung der Stroke Unit : n = 54 ; Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts 13,9 Tage ) . Eine klinische Verschlechterung bei Patienten mit akuter zerebraler Ischaemie zeigte sich bei einer Reduktion der Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten durch Blutdruckschwankungen oder zerebrale Raumforderung . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit machte die sofortige gezielte Behandlung einer systemischen Hypotension , eines zerebralen Oedems bzw. kardialer Arrhythmien moeglich . Das Monitoring mittels transkranialer Dopplersonographie zeigte HITS bei 6 von 55 akuten Hirninfarktpatienten , ohne dass neue neurologische Symptome oder eine Befundverschlechterung auftraten . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit verbessert die spezifische Behandlung akuter Hirninfarktpatienten . Die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts laesst sich durch die Behandlung auf einer Stroke Unit verkuerzen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Akutkrankenhaus, Schlaganfall, notfallmaessigen, Diagnostik, Ultraschalldiagnostik, EKG, Patienten, Blutdruck, EKG, Dopplersonographie, Behandlung, Patienten, Behandlung, Patienten, zerebraler Ischaemie, Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten, Blutdruckschwankungen, gezielte, Behandlung, Hypotension, zerebralen Oedems, kardialer Arrhythmien, Dopplersonographie, Hirninfarktpatienten, Behandlung, Hirninfarktpatienten, Behandlung Options: umlsterm

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Wir untersuchten die Effekte einer Stroke Unit in einem neurologischen Akutkrankenhaus auf das Outcome und die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts nach akutem Schlaganfall . Nach einer notfallmaessigen Diagnostik bei der Aufnahme einschliesslich CCT , Ultraschalldiagnostik und EKG wurden die Patienten auf einer spezialisierten Stroke Unit fuer durchschnittlich 3,9 Tage behandelt . Fuer 48 +/- 24 h erfolgte ein Monitoring von Blutdruck , EKG , pO2 und transkranialer Dopplersonographie . Durch die Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit liess sich die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts von durchschnittlich 15,8 Tagen in dem Zeitraum vor Einrichtung der Stroke Unit auf 12,9 Tage verkuerzen . Dieser Effekt war besonders ausgepraegt bei Patienten mit akutem Verschluss intrakranialer Gefaesse ( vor der Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit : n = 33 ; Krankenhausaufenthalt fuer 22,5 Tage ; nach Einrichtung der Stroke Unit : n = 54 ; Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts 13,9 Tage ) . Eine klinische Verschlechterung bei Patienten mit akuter zerebraler Ischaemie zeigte sich bei einer Reduktion der Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten durch Blutdruckschwankungen oder zerebrale Raumforderung . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit machte die sofortige gezielte Behandlung einer systemischen Hypotension , eines zerebralen Oedems bzw. kardialer Arrhythmien moeglich . Das Monitoring mittels transkranialer Dopplersonographie zeigte HITS bei 6 von 55 akuten Hirninfarktpatienten , ohne dass neue neurologische Symptome oder eine Befundverschlechterung auftraten . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit verbessert die spezifische Behandlung akuter Hirninfarktpatienten . Die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts laesst sich durch die Behandlung auf einer Stroke Unit verkuerzen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Akutkrankenhaus, Schlaganfall, notfallmaessigen, Diagnostik, Ultraschalldiagnostik, EKG, Patienten, Blutdruck, EKG, Dopplersonographie, Behandlung, Patienten, Behandlung, Patienten, zerebraler Ischaemie, Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten, Blutdruckschwankungen, gezielte, Behandlung, Hypotension, zerebralen Oedems, kardialer Arrhythmien, Dopplersonographie, Hirninfarktpatienten, Behandlung, Hirninfarktpatienten, Behandlung

DerNervenarzt.70680122.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Wir untersuchten die Effekte einer Stroke Unit in einem neurologischen Akutkrankenhaus auf das Outcome und die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts nach akutem Schlaganfall . Nach einer notfallmaessigen Diagnostik bei der Aufnahme einschliesslich CCT , Ultraschalldiagnostik und EKG wurden die Patienten auf einer spezialisierten Stroke Unit fuer durchschnittlich 3,9 Tage behandelt . Fuer 48 +/- 24 h erfolgte ein Monitoring von Blutdruck , EKG , pO2 und transkranialer Dopplersonographie . Durch die Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit liess sich die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts von durchschnittlich 15,8 Tagen in dem Zeitraum vor Einrichtung der Stroke Unit auf 12,9 Tage verkuerzen . Dieser Effekt war besonders ausgepraegt bei Patienten mit akutem Verschluss intrakranialer Gefaesse ( vor der Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit : n = 33 ; Krankenhausaufenthalt fuer 22,5 Tage ; nach Einrichtung der Stroke Unit : n = 54 ; Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts 13,9 Tage ) . Eine klinische Verschlechterung bei Patienten mit akuter zerebraler Ischaemie zeigte sich bei einer Reduktion der Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten durch Blutdruckschwankungen oder zerebrale Raumforderung . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit machte die sofortige gezielte Behandlung einer systemischen Hypotension , eines zerebralen Oedems bzw. kardialer Arrhythmien moeglich . Das Monitoring mittels transkranialer Dopplersonographie zeigte HITS bei 6 von 55 akuten Hirninfarktpatienten , ohne dass neue neurologische Symptome oder eine Befundverschlechterung auftraten . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit verbessert die spezifische Behandlung akuter Hirninfarktpatienten . Die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts laesst sich durch die Behandlung auf einer Stroke Unit verkuerzen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Wir untersuchten die Effekte einer Stroke Unit in einem neurologischen Akutkrankenhaus auf das Outcome und die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts nach akutem Schlaganfall . Nach einer notfallmaessigen Diagnostik bei der Aufnahme einschliesslich CCT , Ultraschalldiagnostik und EKG wurden die Patienten auf einer spezialisierten Stroke Unit fuer durchschnittlich 3,9 Tage behandelt . Fuer 48 +/- 24 h erfolgte ein Monitoring von Blutdruck , EKG , pO2 und transkranialer Dopplersonographie . Durch die Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit liess sich die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts von durchschnittlich 15,8 Tagen in dem Zeitraum vor Einrichtung der Stroke Unit auf 12,9 Tage verkuerzen . Dieser Effekt war besonders ausgepraegt bei Patienten mit akutem Verschluss intrakranialer Gefaesse ( vor der Behandlung auf der Stroke Unit : n = 33 ; Krankenhausaufenthalt fuer 22,5 Tage ; nach Einrichtung der Stroke Unit : n = 54 ; Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts 13,9 Tage ) . Eine klinische Verschlechterung bei Patienten mit akuter zerebraler Ischaemie zeigte sich bei einer Reduktion der Blutflussgeschwindigkeiten durch Blutdruckschwankungen oder zerebrale Raumforderung . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit machte die sofortige gezielte Behandlung einer systemischen Hypotension , eines zerebralen Oedems bzw. kardialer Arrhythmien moeglich . Das Monitoring mittels transkranialer Dopplersonographie zeigte HITS bei 6 von 55 akuten Hirninfarktpatienten , ohne dass neue neurologische Symptome oder eine Befundverschlechterung auftraten . Das Monitoring auf der Stroke Unit verbessert die spezifische Behandlung akuter Hirninfarktpatienten . Die Laenge des Krankenhausaufenthalts laesst sich durch die Behandlung auf einer Stroke Unit verkuerzen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

complications is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, arthroplasty is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, dislocation is an umlsterm, anterior is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, rotator cuff is an umlsterm, direction is an umlsterm, shoulder joint is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm, muscles is an umlsterm, shoulder joint is an umlsterm, association is an umlsterm, shoulder joint is an umlsterm, capsule is an umlsterm, contours is an umlsterm, head is an umlsterm, balance is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, posterior is an umlsterm, implantation is an umlsterm, prosthesis is an umlsterm, secondary is an umlsterm, complication is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, surgeries is an umlsterm, avarage is an umlsterm, arthroplasties is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, Posterior is an umlsterm, anterior is an umlsterm, Separate is an umlsterm, cranialisation is an umlsterm, rotator cuff is an umlsterm, shoulder is an umlsterm, anterior is an umlsterm, complication is an umlsterm, arthroplasty is an umlsterm

DerOrthopaede.80270571.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Instability is one of the most common complications after shoulder arthroplasty . The literature cites subluxation or luxation to occure between 0 % and 38 % in various studies . Instabilities may present either as subluxation or frank dislocation , and may be directed in an anterior , posterior , inferior or , depending on the state of the rotator cuff , cranial direction . The stability of any shoulder joint is given by the balance of the muscles directing the forces around the shoulder joint in association with the passive stabilizers of the shoulder joint capsule as well as the bony contours between glenoid and humeral head . Any disturbance of this delicate balance will lead the shoulder into instability , particular so if bony errosion patterns such as posterior glenoid wear in osteoarthritics will develop subluxation early on . Therefore implantation of any prosthesis is required to be done in the appropriate version as to avoid secondary instability through the prosthetic components . In the study undertaken here instability was found to be the most common complication in 44 shoulder revision surgeries . The result with an avarage Score of 41.9 recorded after Constant demonstrates that the excellent and good results obtained with primary arthroplasties can not be expected in revision surgery . Posterior instability may be present just as well as the more easily observed anterior instability . Separate to frank luxation or instability is the late cranialisation of the rotator cuff deficient shoulder which , although resulting in many cases in a superior anterior subluxation , will mostly be seen as a late complication after arthroplasty . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Instability is one of the most common complications after shoulder arthroplasty . The literature cites subluxation or luxation to occure between 0 % and 38 % in various studies . Instabilities may present either as subluxation or frank dislocation , and may be directed in an anterior , posterior , inferior or , depending on the state of the rotator cuff , cranial direction . The stability of any shoulder joint is given by the balance of the muscles directing the forces around the shoulder joint in association with the passive stabilizers of the shoulder joint capsule as well as the bony contours between glenoid and humeral head . Any disturbance of this delicate balance will lead the shoulder into instability , particular so if bony errosion patterns such as posterior glenoid wear in osteoarthritics will develop subluxation early on . Therefore implantation of any prosthesis is required to be done in the appropriate version as to avoid secondary instability through the prosthetic components . In the study undertaken here instability was found to be the most common complication in 44 shoulder revision surgeries . The result with an avarage Score of 41.9 recorded after Constant demonstrates that the excellent and good results obtained with primary arthroplasties can not be expected in revision surgery . Posterior instability may be present just as well as the more easily observed anterior instability . Separate to frank luxation or instability is the late cranialisation of the rotator cuff deficient shoulder which , although resulting in many cases in a superior anterior subluxation , will mostly be seen as a late complication after arthroplasty .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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DerOrthopaede.80270571.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Instability is one of the most common complications after shoulder arthroplasty . The literature cites subluxation or luxation to occure between 0 % and 38 % in various studies . Instabilities may present either as subluxation or frank dislocation , and may be directed in an anterior , posterior , inferior or , depending on the state of the rotator cuff , cranial direction . The stability of any shoulder joint is given by the balance of the muscles directing the forces around the shoulder joint in association with the passive stabilizers of the shoulder joint capsule as well as the bony contours between glenoid and humeral head . Any disturbance of this delicate balance will lead the shoulder into instability , particular so if bony errosion patterns such as posterior glenoid wear in osteoarthritics will develop subluxation early on . Therefore implantation of any prosthesis is required to be done in the appropriate version as to avoid secondary instability through the prosthetic components . In the study undertaken here instability was found to be the most common complication in 44 shoulder revision surgeries . The result with an avarage Score of 41.9 recorded after Constant demonstrates that the excellent and good results obtained with primary arthroplasties can not be expected in revision surgery . Posterior instability may be present just as well as the more easily observed anterior instability . Separate to frank luxation or instability is the late cranialisation of the rotator cuff deficient shoulder which , although resulting in many cases in a superior anterior subluxation , will mostly be seen as a late complication after arthroplasty . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: complications, shoulder, arthroplasty, literature, dislocation, anterior, posterior, rotator cuff, direction, shoulder joint, balance, muscles, shoulder joint, association, shoulder joint, capsule, contours, head, balance, shoulder, posterior, implantation, prosthesis, secondary, complication, shoulder, surgeries, avarage, arthroplasties, surgery, Posterior, anterior, Separate, cranialisation, rotator cuff, shoulder, anterior, complication, arthroplasty Options: umlsterm

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Instability is one of the most common complications after shoulder arthroplasty . The literature cites subluxation or luxation to occure between 0 % and 38 % in various studies . Instabilities may present either as subluxation or frank dislocation , and may be directed in an anterior , posterior , inferior or , depending on the state of the rotator cuff , cranial direction . The stability of any shoulder joint is given by the balance of the muscles directing the forces around the shoulder joint in association with the passive stabilizers of the shoulder joint capsule as well as the bony contours between glenoid and humeral head . Any disturbance of this delicate balance will lead the shoulder into instability , particular so if bony errosion patterns such as posterior glenoid wear in osteoarthritics will develop subluxation early on . Therefore implantation of any prosthesis is required to be done in the appropriate version as to avoid secondary instability through the prosthetic components . In the study undertaken here instability was found to be the most common complication in 44 shoulder revision surgeries . The result with an avarage Score of 41.9 recorded after Constant demonstrates that the excellent and good results obtained with primary arthroplasties can not be expected in revision surgery . Posterior instability may be present just as well as the more easily observed anterior instability . Separate to frank luxation or instability is the late cranialisation of the rotator cuff deficient shoulder which , although resulting in many cases in a superior anterior subluxation , will mostly be seen as a late complication after arthroplasty .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

complications, shoulder, arthroplasty, literature, dislocation, anterior, posterior, rotator cuff, direction, shoulder joint, balance, muscles, shoulder joint, association, shoulder joint, capsule, contours, head, balance, shoulder, posterior, implantation, prosthesis, secondary, complication, shoulder, surgeries, avarage, arthroplasties, surgery, Posterior, anterior, Separate, cranialisation, rotator cuff, shoulder, anterior, complication, arthroplasty

DerOrthopaede.80270571.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Instability is one of the most common complications after shoulder arthroplasty . The literature cites subluxation or luxation to occure between 0 % and 38 % in various studies . Instabilities may present either as subluxation or frank dislocation , and may be directed in an anterior , posterior , inferior or , depending on the state of the rotator cuff , cranial direction . The stability of any shoulder joint is given by the balance of the muscles directing the forces around the shoulder joint in association with the passive stabilizers of the shoulder joint capsule as well as the bony contours between glenoid and humeral head . Any disturbance of this delicate balance will lead the shoulder into instability , particular so if bony errosion patterns such as posterior glenoid wear in osteoarthritics will develop subluxation early on . Therefore implantation of any prosthesis is required to be done in the appropriate version as to avoid secondary instability through the prosthetic components . In the study undertaken here instability was found to be the most common complication in 44 shoulder revision surgeries . The result with an avarage Score of 41.9 recorded after Constant demonstrates that the excellent and good results obtained with primary arthroplasties can not be expected in revision surgery . Posterior instability may be present just as well as the more easily observed anterior instability . Separate to frank luxation or instability is the late cranialisation of the rotator cuff deficient shoulder which , although resulting in many cases in a superior anterior subluxation , will mostly be seen as a late complication after arthroplasty . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Instability is one of the most common complications after shoulder arthroplasty . The literature cites subluxation or luxation to occure between 0 % and 38 % in various studies . Instabilities may present either as subluxation or frank dislocation , and may be directed in an anterior , posterior , inferior or , depending on the state of the rotator cuff , cranial direction . The stability of any shoulder joint is given by the balance of the muscles directing the forces around the shoulder joint in association with the passive stabilizers of the shoulder joint capsule as well as the bony contours between glenoid and humeral head . Any disturbance of this delicate balance will lead the shoulder into instability , particular so if bony errosion patterns such as posterior glenoid wear in osteoarthritics will develop subluxation early on . Therefore implantation of any prosthesis is required to be done in the appropriate version as to avoid secondary instability through the prosthetic components . In the study undertaken here instability was found to be the most common complication in 44 shoulder revision surgeries . The result with an avarage Score of 41.9 recorded after Constant demonstrates that the excellent and good results obtained with primary arthroplasties can not be expected in revision surgery . Posterior instability may be present just as well as the more easily observed anterior instability . Separate to frank luxation or instability is the late cranialisation of the rotator cuff deficient shoulder which , although resulting in many cases in a superior anterior subluxation , will mostly be seen as a late complication after arthroplasty .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Iris is an umlsterm, Neurofibromatose is an umlsterm, Differentialdiagnose is an umlsterm, Phakomatosen is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Differentialdiagnose is an umlsterm, Irisknoetchen is an umlsterm, genetische Beratung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Familienangehoerigen is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Iris is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Antikoerper is an umlsterm, Vimentin is an umlsterm, Neurofibromatose is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.70480038.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Die Knoetchen der Iris bei Neurofibromatose I haben sich zu einem wichtigen diagnostischen Kriterium in der Differentialdiagnose der Phakomatosen entwickelt . Diese Knoetchen wurden in ihrem klinischen Erscheinungsbild und ihrer Bedeutung erstmals von Karl Lisch , Muenchen , 1937 erkannt . Diagnose und Differentialdiagnose der Lisch-Knoetchen werden illustriert . Auf die Bedeutung der Irisknoetchen fuer die genetische Beratung der Patienten und ihre Familienangehoerigen wird , besonders im Hinblick auf monosymptomatische Verlaeufe , eingegangen . Histologisch zeichnen sich Lisch-Knoetchen durch Aggregation von laenglichen bis rundlichen Zellen aus , die der Iris kuppelfoermig aufsitzen . Immunhistochemisch weisen diese Zellen eine positive Markierung mit einem Antikoerper gegen Vimentin und das S-100-Protein auf und belegen damit eine neuroektodermale Differenzierung . Somit koennen die Lisch-Knoetchen als eine direkte Manifestationsform der neuroektodermalen Stoerung bei Neurofibromatose I angesehen werden . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Die Knoetchen der Iris bei Neurofibromatose I haben sich zu einem wichtigen diagnostischen Kriterium in der Differentialdiagnose der Phakomatosen entwickelt . Diese Knoetchen wurden in ihrem klinischen Erscheinungsbild und ihrer Bedeutung erstmals von Karl Lisch , Muenchen , 1937 erkannt . Diagnose und Differentialdiagnose der Lisch-Knoetchen werden illustriert . Auf die Bedeutung der Irisknoetchen fuer die genetische Beratung der Patienten und ihre Familienangehoerigen wird , besonders im Hinblick auf monosymptomatische Verlaeufe , eingegangen . Histologisch zeichnen sich Lisch-Knoetchen durch Aggregation von laenglichen bis rundlichen Zellen aus , die der Iris kuppelfoermig aufsitzen . Immunhistochemisch weisen diese Zellen eine positive Markierung mit einem Antikoerper gegen Vimentin und das S-100-Protein auf und belegen damit eine neuroektodermale Differenzierung . Somit koennen die Lisch-Knoetchen als eine direkte Manifestationsform der neuroektodermalen Stoerung bei Neurofibromatose I angesehen werden .

[ "Die", "Knoetchen", "der", "Iris", "bei", "Neurofibromatose", "I", "haben", "sich", "zu", "einem", "wichtigen", "diagnostischen", "Kriterium", "in", "der", "Differentialdiagnose", "der", "Phakomatosen", "entwickelt", ".", "Diese", "Knoetchen", "wurden", "in", "ihrem", "klinischen", "Erscheinungsbild", "und", "ihrer", "Bedeutung", "erstmals", "von", "Karl", "Lisch", ",", "Muenchen", ",", "1937", "erkannt", ".", "Diagnose", "und", "Differentialdiagnose", "der", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "werden", "illustriert", ".", "Auf", "die", "Bedeutung", "der", "Irisknoetchen", "fuer", "die", "genetische", "Beratung", "der", "Patienten", "und", "ihre", "Familienangehoerigen", "wird", ",", "besonders", "im", "Hinblick", "auf", "monosymptomatische", "Verlaeufe", ",", "eingegangen", ".", "Histologisch", "zeichnen", "sich", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "durch", "Aggregation", "von", "laenglichen", "bis", "rundlichen", "Zellen", "aus", ",", "die", "der", "Iris", "kuppelfoermig", "aufsitzen", ".", "Immunhistochemisch", "weisen", "diese", "Zellen", "eine", "positive", "Markierung", "mit", "einem", "Antikoerper", "gegen", "Vimentin", "und", "das", "S-100-Protein", "auf", "und", "belegen", "damit", "eine", "neuroektodermale", "Differenzierung", ".", "Somit", "koennen", "die", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "als", "eine", "direkte", "Manifestationsform", "der", "neuroektodermalen", "Stoerung", "bei", "Neurofibromatose", "I", "angesehen", "werden", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Iris is an umlsterm, Neurofibromatose is an umlsterm, Differentialdiagnose is an umlsterm, Phakomatosen is an umlsterm, Diagnose is an umlsterm, Differentialdiagnose is an umlsterm, Irisknoetchen is an umlsterm, genetische Beratung is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Familienangehoerigen is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Iris is an umlsterm, Zellen is an umlsterm, Antikoerper is an umlsterm, Vimentin is an umlsterm, Neurofibromatose is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.70480038.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Die Knoetchen der Iris bei Neurofibromatose I haben sich zu einem wichtigen diagnostischen Kriterium in der Differentialdiagnose der Phakomatosen entwickelt . Diese Knoetchen wurden in ihrem klinischen Erscheinungsbild und ihrer Bedeutung erstmals von Karl Lisch , Muenchen , 1937 erkannt . Diagnose und Differentialdiagnose der Lisch-Knoetchen werden illustriert . Auf die Bedeutung der Irisknoetchen fuer die genetische Beratung der Patienten und ihre Familienangehoerigen wird , besonders im Hinblick auf monosymptomatische Verlaeufe , eingegangen . Histologisch zeichnen sich Lisch-Knoetchen durch Aggregation von laenglichen bis rundlichen Zellen aus , die der Iris kuppelfoermig aufsitzen . Immunhistochemisch weisen diese Zellen eine positive Markierung mit einem Antikoerper gegen Vimentin und das S-100-Protein auf und belegen damit eine neuroektodermale Differenzierung . Somit koennen die Lisch-Knoetchen als eine direkte Manifestationsform der neuroektodermalen Stoerung bei Neurofibromatose I angesehen werden . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Iris, Neurofibromatose, Differentialdiagnose, Phakomatosen, Diagnose, Differentialdiagnose, Irisknoetchen, genetische Beratung, Patienten, Familienangehoerigen, Zellen, Iris, Zellen, Antikoerper, Vimentin, Neurofibromatose Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Die Knoetchen der Iris bei Neurofibromatose I haben sich zu einem wichtigen diagnostischen Kriterium in der Differentialdiagnose der Phakomatosen entwickelt . Diese Knoetchen wurden in ihrem klinischen Erscheinungsbild und ihrer Bedeutung erstmals von Karl Lisch , Muenchen , 1937 erkannt . Diagnose und Differentialdiagnose der Lisch-Knoetchen werden illustriert . Auf die Bedeutung der Irisknoetchen fuer die genetische Beratung der Patienten und ihre Familienangehoerigen wird , besonders im Hinblick auf monosymptomatische Verlaeufe , eingegangen . Histologisch zeichnen sich Lisch-Knoetchen durch Aggregation von laenglichen bis rundlichen Zellen aus , die der Iris kuppelfoermig aufsitzen . Immunhistochemisch weisen diese Zellen eine positive Markierung mit einem Antikoerper gegen Vimentin und das S-100-Protein auf und belegen damit eine neuroektodermale Differenzierung . Somit koennen die Lisch-Knoetchen als eine direkte Manifestationsform der neuroektodermalen Stoerung bei Neurofibromatose I angesehen werden .

[ "Die", "Knoetchen", "der", "Iris", "bei", "Neurofibromatose", "I", "haben", "sich", "zu", "einem", "wichtigen", "diagnostischen", "Kriterium", "in", "der", "Differentialdiagnose", "der", "Phakomatosen", "entwickelt", ".", "Diese", "Knoetchen", "wurden", "in", "ihrem", "klinischen", "Erscheinungsbild", "und", "ihrer", "Bedeutung", "erstmals", "von", "Karl", "Lisch", ",", "Muenchen", ",", "1937", "erkannt", ".", "Diagnose", "und", "Differentialdiagnose", "der", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "werden", "illustriert", ".", "Auf", "die", "Bedeutung", "der", "Irisknoetchen", "fuer", "die", "genetische", "Beratung", "der", "Patienten", "und", "ihre", "Familienangehoerigen", "wird", ",", "besonders", "im", "Hinblick", "auf", "monosymptomatische", "Verlaeufe", ",", "eingegangen", ".", "Histologisch", "zeichnen", "sich", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "durch", "Aggregation", "von", "laenglichen", "bis", "rundlichen", "Zellen", "aus", ",", "die", "der", "Iris", "kuppelfoermig", "aufsitzen", ".", "Immunhistochemisch", "weisen", "diese", "Zellen", "eine", "positive", "Markierung", "mit", "einem", "Antikoerper", "gegen", "Vimentin", "und", "das", "S-100-Protein", "auf", "und", "belegen", "damit", "eine", "neuroektodermale", "Differenzierung", ".", "Somit", "koennen", "die", "Lisch", "-", "Knoetchen", "als", "eine", "direkte", "Manifestationsform", "der", "neuroektodermalen", "Stoerung", "bei", "Neurofibromatose", "I", "angesehen", "werden", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Iris, Neurofibromatose, Differentialdiagnose, Phakomatosen, Diagnose, Differentialdiagnose, Irisknoetchen, genetische Beratung, Patienten, Familienangehoerigen, Zellen, Iris, Zellen, Antikoerper, Vimentin, Neurofibromatose

DerHautarzt.70480038.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Die Knoetchen der Iris bei Neurofibromatose I haben sich zu einem wichtigen diagnostischen Kriterium in der Differentialdiagnose der Phakomatosen entwickelt . Diese Knoetchen wurden in ihrem klinischen Erscheinungsbild und ihrer Bedeutung erstmals von Karl Lisch , Muenchen , 1937 erkannt . Diagnose und Differentialdiagnose der Lisch-Knoetchen werden illustriert . Auf die Bedeutung der Irisknoetchen fuer die genetische Beratung der Patienten und ihre Familienangehoerigen wird , besonders im Hinblick auf monosymptomatische Verlaeufe , eingegangen . Histologisch zeichnen sich Lisch-Knoetchen durch Aggregation von laenglichen bis rundlichen Zellen aus , die der Iris kuppelfoermig aufsitzen . Immunhistochemisch weisen diese Zellen eine positive Markierung mit einem Antikoerper gegen Vimentin und das S-100-Protein auf und belegen damit eine neuroektodermale Differenzierung . Somit koennen die Lisch-Knoetchen als eine direkte Manifestationsform der neuroektodermalen Stoerung bei Neurofibromatose I angesehen werden . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Die Knoetchen der Iris bei Neurofibromatose I haben sich zu einem wichtigen diagnostischen Kriterium in der Differentialdiagnose der Phakomatosen entwickelt . Diese Knoetchen wurden in ihrem klinischen Erscheinungsbild und ihrer Bedeutung erstmals von Karl Lisch , Muenchen , 1937 erkannt . Diagnose und Differentialdiagnose der Lisch-Knoetchen werden illustriert . Auf die Bedeutung der Irisknoetchen fuer die genetische Beratung der Patienten und ihre Familienangehoerigen wird , besonders im Hinblick auf monosymptomatische Verlaeufe , eingegangen . Histologisch zeichnen sich Lisch-Knoetchen durch Aggregation von laenglichen bis rundlichen Zellen aus , die der Iris kuppelfoermig aufsitzen . Immunhistochemisch weisen diese Zellen eine positive Markierung mit einem Antikoerper gegen Vimentin und das S-100-Protein auf und belegen damit eine neuroektodermale Differenzierung . Somit koennen die Lisch-Knoetchen als eine direkte Manifestationsform der neuroektodermalen Stoerung bei Neurofibromatose I angesehen werden .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Surgery is an umlsterm, Community Hospital is an umlsterm, Germany is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomy is an umlsterm, inhouse is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, date is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomy is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, fistulae is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, complication is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, standard is an umlsterm, procedures is an umlsterm, appendectomy is an umlsterm, ligation is an umlsterm, ligation is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm

DerChirurg.80690066.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Since 1975 , the Department of Surgery in the Grevenbroich Community Hospital ( Germany ) has applied a simplified technique of open appendectomy . The inhouse modified procedure without stump embedding has been performed in 3,448 cases to date . The same approach has been used in 1,463 laparoscopic appendectomies since 1991. In the laparoscopic procedure the stump is ligated solely with Roeder's loop . None of the 4,911 patients who have undergone either open or laparoscopic appendectomy have developed stump inadequacy or stercoral fistulae . According to the special literature , the complication rate after appendectomies without stump embedding is lower than that after standard procedures . In retrospect , laparoscopic appendectomy with simple ligation has confirmed the results achieved with simple ligation in open appendectomies . The technique should therefore become more common practice in open appendectomies , as well . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Since 1975 , the Department of Surgery in the Grevenbroich Community Hospital ( Germany ) has applied a simplified technique of open appendectomy . The inhouse modified procedure without stump embedding has been performed in 3,448 cases to date . The same approach has been used in 1,463 laparoscopic appendectomies since 1991. In the laparoscopic procedure the stump is ligated solely with Roeder's loop . None of the 4,911 patients who have undergone either open or laparoscopic appendectomy have developed stump inadequacy or stercoral fistulae . According to the special literature , the complication rate after appendectomies without stump embedding is lower than that after standard procedures . In retrospect , laparoscopic appendectomy with simple ligation has confirmed the results achieved with simple ligation in open appendectomies . The technique should therefore become more common practice in open appendectomies , as well .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Surgery is an umlsterm, Community Hospital is an umlsterm, Germany is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomy is an umlsterm, inhouse is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, date is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm, procedure is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomy is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, fistulae is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, complication is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm, stump is an umlsterm, standard is an umlsterm, procedures is an umlsterm, appendectomy is an umlsterm, ligation is an umlsterm, ligation is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm, technique is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm, appendectomies is an umlsterm

DerChirurg.80690066.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Since 1975 , the Department of Surgery in the Grevenbroich Community Hospital ( Germany ) has applied a simplified technique of open appendectomy . The inhouse modified procedure without stump embedding has been performed in 3,448 cases to date . The same approach has been used in 1,463 laparoscopic appendectomies since 1991. In the laparoscopic procedure the stump is ligated solely with Roeder's loop . None of the 4,911 patients who have undergone either open or laparoscopic appendectomy have developed stump inadequacy or stercoral fistulae . According to the special literature , the complication rate after appendectomies without stump embedding is lower than that after standard procedures . In retrospect , laparoscopic appendectomy with simple ligation has confirmed the results achieved with simple ligation in open appendectomies . The technique should therefore become more common practice in open appendectomies , as well . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Surgery, Community Hospital, Germany, technique, open, appendectomy, inhouse, procedure, stump, date, appendectomies, procedure, stump, patients, open, appendectomy, stump, fistulae, literature, complication, appendectomies, stump, standard, procedures, appendectomy, ligation, ligation, open, appendectomies, technique, open, appendectomies Options: umlsterm

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Since 1975 , the Department of Surgery in the Grevenbroich Community Hospital ( Germany ) has applied a simplified technique of open appendectomy . The inhouse modified procedure without stump embedding has been performed in 3,448 cases to date . The same approach has been used in 1,463 laparoscopic appendectomies since 1991. In the laparoscopic procedure the stump is ligated solely with Roeder's loop . None of the 4,911 patients who have undergone either open or laparoscopic appendectomy have developed stump inadequacy or stercoral fistulae . According to the special literature , the complication rate after appendectomies without stump embedding is lower than that after standard procedures . In retrospect , laparoscopic appendectomy with simple ligation has confirmed the results achieved with simple ligation in open appendectomies . The technique should therefore become more common practice in open appendectomies , as well .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Surgery, Community Hospital, Germany, technique, open, appendectomy, inhouse, procedure, stump, date, appendectomies, procedure, stump, patients, open, appendectomy, stump, fistulae, literature, complication, appendectomies, stump, standard, procedures, appendectomy, ligation, ligation, open, appendectomies, technique, open, appendectomies

DerChirurg.80690066.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Since 1975 , the Department of Surgery in the Grevenbroich Community Hospital ( Germany ) has applied a simplified technique of open appendectomy . The inhouse modified procedure without stump embedding has been performed in 3,448 cases to date . The same approach has been used in 1,463 laparoscopic appendectomies since 1991. In the laparoscopic procedure the stump is ligated solely with Roeder's loop . None of the 4,911 patients who have undergone either open or laparoscopic appendectomy have developed stump inadequacy or stercoral fistulae . According to the special literature , the complication rate after appendectomies without stump embedding is lower than that after standard procedures . In retrospect , laparoscopic appendectomy with simple ligation has confirmed the results achieved with simple ligation in open appendectomies . The technique should therefore become more common practice in open appendectomies , as well . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Since 1975 , the Department of Surgery in the Grevenbroich Community Hospital ( Germany ) has applied a simplified technique of open appendectomy . The inhouse modified procedure without stump embedding has been performed in 3,448 cases to date . The same approach has been used in 1,463 laparoscopic appendectomies since 1991. In the laparoscopic procedure the stump is ligated solely with Roeder's loop . None of the 4,911 patients who have undergone either open or laparoscopic appendectomy have developed stump inadequacy or stercoral fistulae . According to the special literature , the complication rate after appendectomies without stump embedding is lower than that after standard procedures . In retrospect , laparoscopic appendectomy with simple ligation has confirmed the results achieved with simple ligation in open appendectomies . The technique should therefore become more common practice in open appendectomies , as well .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

neuropsychological tests is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, schizophrenia is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, schizophrenia is an umlsterm, controls is an umlsterm, memory is an umlsterm, functions is an umlsterm, speech is an umlsterm, age is an umlsterm, gender is an umlsterm, education is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, relative is an umlsterm, controls is an umlsterm, Patients is an umlsterm, attention is an umlsterm, findings is an umlsterm, functions is an umlsterm, dysfunctions is an umlsterm, follow - up studies is an umlsterm

DerNervenarzt.90700408.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: By administering an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests , cognitive performance of 66 patients with first episode schizophrenia , 49 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls has been assessed in the areas of memory functions , speech and cognitive flexibility/ abstraction . The three groups were comparable with regard to age , gender and education . Both patient groups showed a significant generalized neuropsychological impairment relative to controls . Patients with first episode were most impaired in visual motor processing and attention ( VSM ) . Besides impairment in VSM , performance in abstraction/flexibility was significantly worse in chronic schizophrenics compared to first episode schizophrenics . Our findings suggest that neuropsychological functions are already impaired at the onset of the illness . Whether cognitive impairment in performance that is attributed to frontal dysfunctions is deteriorating during the course of the illness or is predicting an unfavourable course can only be answered by prospective follow-up studies . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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By administering an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests , cognitive performance of 66 patients with first episode schizophrenia , 49 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls has been assessed in the areas of memory functions , speech and cognitive flexibility/ abstraction . The three groups were comparable with regard to age , gender and education . Both patient groups showed a significant generalized neuropsychological impairment relative to controls . Patients with first episode were most impaired in visual motor processing and attention ( VSM ) . Besides impairment in VSM , performance in abstraction/flexibility was significantly worse in chronic schizophrenics compared to first episode schizophrenics . Our findings suggest that neuropsychological functions are already impaired at the onset of the illness . Whether cognitive impairment in performance that is attributed to frontal dysfunctions is deteriorating during the course of the illness or is predicting an unfavourable course can only be answered by prospective follow-up studies .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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DerNervenarzt.90700408.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: By administering an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests , cognitive performance of 66 patients with first episode schizophrenia , 49 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls has been assessed in the areas of memory functions , speech and cognitive flexibility/ abstraction . The three groups were comparable with regard to age , gender and education . Both patient groups showed a significant generalized neuropsychological impairment relative to controls . Patients with first episode were most impaired in visual motor processing and attention ( VSM ) . Besides impairment in VSM , performance in abstraction/flexibility was significantly worse in chronic schizophrenics compared to first episode schizophrenics . Our findings suggest that neuropsychological functions are already impaired at the onset of the illness . Whether cognitive impairment in performance that is attributed to frontal dysfunctions is deteriorating during the course of the illness or is predicting an unfavourable course can only be answered by prospective follow-up studies . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: neuropsychological tests, patients, schizophrenia, patients, schizophrenia, controls, memory, functions, speech, age, gender, education, patient, relative, controls, Patients, attention, findings, functions, dysfunctions, follow - up studies Options: umlsterm

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By administering an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests , cognitive performance of 66 patients with first episode schizophrenia , 49 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls has been assessed in the areas of memory functions , speech and cognitive flexibility/ abstraction . The three groups were comparable with regard to age , gender and education . Both patient groups showed a significant generalized neuropsychological impairment relative to controls . Patients with first episode were most impaired in visual motor processing and attention ( VSM ) . Besides impairment in VSM , performance in abstraction/flexibility was significantly worse in chronic schizophrenics compared to first episode schizophrenics . Our findings suggest that neuropsychological functions are already impaired at the onset of the illness . Whether cognitive impairment in performance that is attributed to frontal dysfunctions is deteriorating during the course of the illness or is predicting an unfavourable course can only be answered by prospective follow-up studies .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

neuropsychological tests, patients, schizophrenia, patients, schizophrenia, controls, memory, functions, speech, age, gender, education, patient, relative, controls, Patients, attention, findings, functions, dysfunctions, follow - up studies

DerNervenarzt.90700408.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: By administering an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests , cognitive performance of 66 patients with first episode schizophrenia , 49 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls has been assessed in the areas of memory functions , speech and cognitive flexibility/ abstraction . The three groups were comparable with regard to age , gender and education . Both patient groups showed a significant generalized neuropsychological impairment relative to controls . Patients with first episode were most impaired in visual motor processing and attention ( VSM ) . Besides impairment in VSM , performance in abstraction/flexibility was significantly worse in chronic schizophrenics compared to first episode schizophrenics . Our findings suggest that neuropsychological functions are already impaired at the onset of the illness . Whether cognitive impairment in performance that is attributed to frontal dysfunctions is deteriorating during the course of the illness or is predicting an unfavourable course can only be answered by prospective follow-up studies . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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By administering an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests , cognitive performance of 66 patients with first episode schizophrenia , 49 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls has been assessed in the areas of memory functions , speech and cognitive flexibility/ abstraction . The three groups were comparable with regard to age , gender and education . Both patient groups showed a significant generalized neuropsychological impairment relative to controls . Patients with first episode were most impaired in visual motor processing and attention ( VSM ) . Besides impairment in VSM , performance in abstraction/flexibility was significantly worse in chronic schizophrenics compared to first episode schizophrenics . Our findings suggest that neuropsychological functions are already impaired at the onset of the illness . Whether cognitive impairment in performance that is attributed to frontal dysfunctions is deteriorating during the course of the illness or is predicting an unfavourable course can only be answered by prospective follow-up studies .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Kardiomyopathie is an umlsterm, Myokards is an umlsterm, Kontraktionsverhalten is an umlsterm, Methoden is an umlsterm, Muskelfaserpraeparate is an umlsterm, infarktfreien is an umlsterm, Myokards is an umlsterm, Spenderherzen is an umlsterm, Kardiomyopathie is an umlsterm, infarktfreien is an umlsterm, Myokardbezirken is an umlsterm, Kontraktionsverhalten is an umlsterm

ZfuerHerzThoraxGefaesschirurgie.90130255.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Bei dem Krankheitsbild der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie ( ICM ) kommt es zu Phaenotypenveraenderungen der Myozyten , die zu kritischen Veraenderungen der intrazellulaeren Ca2+-Homoeostase fuehren koennen . Diese Veraenderungen koennen die Kontraktilitaet des Herzens massgeblich beeinflussen und Rhythmusstoerungen beguenstigen . Am Modell des isolierten menschlichen Myokards prueft die vorliegende Untersuchung Kontraktionsverhalten diastolischen Ca2+-Haushalt und Ruhekraft , unter dem Einfluss der Vorlast , der Nachlast und der Frequenz . Methoden : Muskelfaserpraeparate 0,5x5,0mm) ( wurden aus der infarktfreien Zone linksventrikulaeren Myokards aus ICM-Empfaengerherzen ( n=8) und aus normalen Spenderherzen ( n=11) exzidiert , mit dem Calciumindikator FURA-2 geladen , auf optimale Laenge ( Lmax ) vorgedehnt und elektrisch stimuliert ( 1Hz , 37 Grad C , oxygenierte Krebs-Henseleit-Loesung ) . In Abhaengigkeit der Vorlast ( 0,8-1,05L/Lmax), der Nachlast ( Verkuerzung gegen eine definierte Kraft ) und der Frequenz ( 0,5-3Hz) wurden die aktive Kraftentwicklung , die passive Ruhespannung und intrazellulaere Calciumtransienten unter isometrischen und isotonen Bedingungen gemessen . Ergebnisse 1 ) NSH : entwickelt die maximale Kraftamplitude bei 2Hz , ICM hingegen bereits bei 1Hz . Hoehere Frequenzen fuehren bei ICM zu einem signifikanten Abfall der Kraft ( p 0,0001 ) . 2 ) Diastolische Calciumkonzentrationen und Ruhespannungen sind bei Frequenzen > 1,5Hz bei ICM signifikant erhoeht ( p 0,0001 ) . 3 ) Die Erhoehung der Vorlast fuehrt bei NSH und bei ICM zu aehnlichen Kraftanstiegen ( n.s. ) . 4 ) Die passive Ruhedehnungskurve ist bei ICM signifikant steiler ( p 0,0001 ) . 5 ) Eine reduzierte Nachlast fuehrt bei ICM zu einer massiven Calciumueberladung des Cytosols ( p 0,0001 ) . Schlussfolgerung : Im Endstadium der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie bleibt in primaer infarktfreien Myokardbezirken die Funktion des Frank-Starling-Mechanismus erhalten . Eine invertierte Kraft-Frequenz-Beziehung und Stoerungen der diastolischen Ca2+-Homoeostase, die mit Veraenderungen der passiven Ruhespannung verbunden sind , koennten jedoch nach den vorliegenden Befunden fuer das gestoerte Kontraktionsverhalten des Herzens bei ICM von entscheidender Bedeutung sein . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Bei dem Krankheitsbild der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie ( ICM ) kommt es zu Phaenotypenveraenderungen der Myozyten , die zu kritischen Veraenderungen der intrazellulaeren Ca2+-Homoeostase fuehren koennen . Diese Veraenderungen koennen die Kontraktilitaet des Herzens massgeblich beeinflussen und Rhythmusstoerungen beguenstigen . Am Modell des isolierten menschlichen Myokards prueft die vorliegende Untersuchung Kontraktionsverhalten diastolischen Ca2+-Haushalt und Ruhekraft , unter dem Einfluss der Vorlast , der Nachlast und der Frequenz . Methoden : Muskelfaserpraeparate 0,5x5,0mm) ( wurden aus der infarktfreien Zone linksventrikulaeren Myokards aus ICM-Empfaengerherzen ( n=8) und aus normalen Spenderherzen ( n=11) exzidiert , mit dem Calciumindikator FURA-2 geladen , auf optimale Laenge ( Lmax ) vorgedehnt und elektrisch stimuliert ( 1Hz , 37 Grad C , oxygenierte Krebs-Henseleit-Loesung ) . In Abhaengigkeit der Vorlast ( 0,8-1,05L/Lmax), der Nachlast ( Verkuerzung gegen eine definierte Kraft ) und der Frequenz ( 0,5-3Hz) wurden die aktive Kraftentwicklung , die passive Ruhespannung und intrazellulaere Calciumtransienten unter isometrischen und isotonen Bedingungen gemessen . Ergebnisse 1 ) NSH : entwickelt die maximale Kraftamplitude bei 2Hz , ICM hingegen bereits bei 1Hz . Hoehere Frequenzen fuehren bei ICM zu einem signifikanten Abfall der Kraft ( p 0,0001 ) . 2 ) Diastolische Calciumkonzentrationen und Ruhespannungen sind bei Frequenzen > 1,5Hz bei ICM signifikant erhoeht ( p 0,0001 ) . 3 ) Die Erhoehung der Vorlast fuehrt bei NSH und bei ICM zu aehnlichen Kraftanstiegen ( n.s. ) . 4 ) Die passive Ruhedehnungskurve ist bei ICM signifikant steiler ( p 0,0001 ) . 5 ) Eine reduzierte Nachlast fuehrt bei ICM zu einer massiven Calciumueberladung des Cytosols ( p 0,0001 ) . Schlussfolgerung : Im Endstadium der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie bleibt in primaer infarktfreien Myokardbezirken die Funktion des Frank-Starling-Mechanismus erhalten . Eine invertierte Kraft-Frequenz-Beziehung und Stoerungen der diastolischen Ca2+-Homoeostase, die mit Veraenderungen der passiven Ruhespannung verbunden sind , koennten jedoch nach den vorliegenden Befunden fuer das gestoerte Kontraktionsverhalten des Herzens bei ICM von entscheidender Bedeutung sein .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Kardiomyopathie is an umlsterm, Myokards is an umlsterm, Kontraktionsverhalten is an umlsterm, Methoden is an umlsterm, Muskelfaserpraeparate is an umlsterm, infarktfreien is an umlsterm, Myokards is an umlsterm, Spenderherzen is an umlsterm, Kardiomyopathie is an umlsterm, infarktfreien is an umlsterm, Myokardbezirken is an umlsterm, Kontraktionsverhalten is an umlsterm

ZfuerHerzThoraxGefaesschirurgie.90130255.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Bei dem Krankheitsbild der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie ( ICM ) kommt es zu Phaenotypenveraenderungen der Myozyten , die zu kritischen Veraenderungen der intrazellulaeren Ca2+-Homoeostase fuehren koennen . Diese Veraenderungen koennen die Kontraktilitaet des Herzens massgeblich beeinflussen und Rhythmusstoerungen beguenstigen . Am Modell des isolierten menschlichen Myokards prueft die vorliegende Untersuchung Kontraktionsverhalten diastolischen Ca2+-Haushalt und Ruhekraft , unter dem Einfluss der Vorlast , der Nachlast und der Frequenz . Methoden : Muskelfaserpraeparate 0,5x5,0mm) ( wurden aus der infarktfreien Zone linksventrikulaeren Myokards aus ICM-Empfaengerherzen ( n=8) und aus normalen Spenderherzen ( n=11) exzidiert , mit dem Calciumindikator FURA-2 geladen , auf optimale Laenge ( Lmax ) vorgedehnt und elektrisch stimuliert ( 1Hz , 37 Grad C , oxygenierte Krebs-Henseleit-Loesung ) . In Abhaengigkeit der Vorlast ( 0,8-1,05L/Lmax), der Nachlast ( Verkuerzung gegen eine definierte Kraft ) und der Frequenz ( 0,5-3Hz) wurden die aktive Kraftentwicklung , die passive Ruhespannung und intrazellulaere Calciumtransienten unter isometrischen und isotonen Bedingungen gemessen . Ergebnisse 1 ) NSH : entwickelt die maximale Kraftamplitude bei 2Hz , ICM hingegen bereits bei 1Hz . Hoehere Frequenzen fuehren bei ICM zu einem signifikanten Abfall der Kraft ( p 0,0001 ) . 2 ) Diastolische Calciumkonzentrationen und Ruhespannungen sind bei Frequenzen > 1,5Hz bei ICM signifikant erhoeht ( p 0,0001 ) . 3 ) Die Erhoehung der Vorlast fuehrt bei NSH und bei ICM zu aehnlichen Kraftanstiegen ( n.s. ) . 4 ) Die passive Ruhedehnungskurve ist bei ICM signifikant steiler ( p 0,0001 ) . 5 ) Eine reduzierte Nachlast fuehrt bei ICM zu einer massiven Calciumueberladung des Cytosols ( p 0,0001 ) . Schlussfolgerung : Im Endstadium der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie bleibt in primaer infarktfreien Myokardbezirken die Funktion des Frank-Starling-Mechanismus erhalten . Eine invertierte Kraft-Frequenz-Beziehung und Stoerungen der diastolischen Ca2+-Homoeostase, die mit Veraenderungen der passiven Ruhespannung verbunden sind , koennten jedoch nach den vorliegenden Befunden fuer das gestoerte Kontraktionsverhalten des Herzens bei ICM von entscheidender Bedeutung sein . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Kardiomyopathie, Myokards, Kontraktionsverhalten, Methoden, Muskelfaserpraeparate, infarktfreien, Myokards, Spenderherzen, Kardiomyopathie, infarktfreien, Myokardbezirken, Kontraktionsverhalten Options: umlsterm

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Bei dem Krankheitsbild der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie ( ICM ) kommt es zu Phaenotypenveraenderungen der Myozyten , die zu kritischen Veraenderungen der intrazellulaeren Ca2+-Homoeostase fuehren koennen . Diese Veraenderungen koennen die Kontraktilitaet des Herzens massgeblich beeinflussen und Rhythmusstoerungen beguenstigen . Am Modell des isolierten menschlichen Myokards prueft die vorliegende Untersuchung Kontraktionsverhalten diastolischen Ca2+-Haushalt und Ruhekraft , unter dem Einfluss der Vorlast , der Nachlast und der Frequenz . Methoden : Muskelfaserpraeparate 0,5x5,0mm) ( wurden aus der infarktfreien Zone linksventrikulaeren Myokards aus ICM-Empfaengerherzen ( n=8) und aus normalen Spenderherzen ( n=11) exzidiert , mit dem Calciumindikator FURA-2 geladen , auf optimale Laenge ( Lmax ) vorgedehnt und elektrisch stimuliert ( 1Hz , 37 Grad C , oxygenierte Krebs-Henseleit-Loesung ) . In Abhaengigkeit der Vorlast ( 0,8-1,05L/Lmax), der Nachlast ( Verkuerzung gegen eine definierte Kraft ) und der Frequenz ( 0,5-3Hz) wurden die aktive Kraftentwicklung , die passive Ruhespannung und intrazellulaere Calciumtransienten unter isometrischen und isotonen Bedingungen gemessen . Ergebnisse 1 ) NSH : entwickelt die maximale Kraftamplitude bei 2Hz , ICM hingegen bereits bei 1Hz . Hoehere Frequenzen fuehren bei ICM zu einem signifikanten Abfall der Kraft ( p 0,0001 ) . 2 ) Diastolische Calciumkonzentrationen und Ruhespannungen sind bei Frequenzen > 1,5Hz bei ICM signifikant erhoeht ( p 0,0001 ) . 3 ) Die Erhoehung der Vorlast fuehrt bei NSH und bei ICM zu aehnlichen Kraftanstiegen ( n.s. ) . 4 ) Die passive Ruhedehnungskurve ist bei ICM signifikant steiler ( p 0,0001 ) . 5 ) Eine reduzierte Nachlast fuehrt bei ICM zu einer massiven Calciumueberladung des Cytosols ( p 0,0001 ) . Schlussfolgerung : Im Endstadium der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie bleibt in primaer infarktfreien Myokardbezirken die Funktion des Frank-Starling-Mechanismus erhalten . Eine invertierte Kraft-Frequenz-Beziehung und Stoerungen der diastolischen Ca2+-Homoeostase, die mit Veraenderungen der passiven Ruhespannung verbunden sind , koennten jedoch nach den vorliegenden Befunden fuer das gestoerte Kontraktionsverhalten des Herzens bei ICM von entscheidender Bedeutung sein .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Kardiomyopathie, Myokards, Kontraktionsverhalten, Methoden, Muskelfaserpraeparate, infarktfreien, Myokards, Spenderherzen, Kardiomyopathie, infarktfreien, Myokardbezirken, Kontraktionsverhalten

ZfuerHerzThoraxGefaesschirurgie.90130255.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Bei dem Krankheitsbild der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie ( ICM ) kommt es zu Phaenotypenveraenderungen der Myozyten , die zu kritischen Veraenderungen der intrazellulaeren Ca2+-Homoeostase fuehren koennen . Diese Veraenderungen koennen die Kontraktilitaet des Herzens massgeblich beeinflussen und Rhythmusstoerungen beguenstigen . Am Modell des isolierten menschlichen Myokards prueft die vorliegende Untersuchung Kontraktionsverhalten diastolischen Ca2+-Haushalt und Ruhekraft , unter dem Einfluss der Vorlast , der Nachlast und der Frequenz . Methoden : Muskelfaserpraeparate 0,5x5,0mm) ( wurden aus der infarktfreien Zone linksventrikulaeren Myokards aus ICM-Empfaengerherzen ( n=8) und aus normalen Spenderherzen ( n=11) exzidiert , mit dem Calciumindikator FURA-2 geladen , auf optimale Laenge ( Lmax ) vorgedehnt und elektrisch stimuliert ( 1Hz , 37 Grad C , oxygenierte Krebs-Henseleit-Loesung ) . In Abhaengigkeit der Vorlast ( 0,8-1,05L/Lmax), der Nachlast ( Verkuerzung gegen eine definierte Kraft ) und der Frequenz ( 0,5-3Hz) wurden die aktive Kraftentwicklung , die passive Ruhespannung und intrazellulaere Calciumtransienten unter isometrischen und isotonen Bedingungen gemessen . Ergebnisse 1 ) NSH : entwickelt die maximale Kraftamplitude bei 2Hz , ICM hingegen bereits bei 1Hz . Hoehere Frequenzen fuehren bei ICM zu einem signifikanten Abfall der Kraft ( p 0,0001 ) . 2 ) Diastolische Calciumkonzentrationen und Ruhespannungen sind bei Frequenzen > 1,5Hz bei ICM signifikant erhoeht ( p 0,0001 ) . 3 ) Die Erhoehung der Vorlast fuehrt bei NSH und bei ICM zu aehnlichen Kraftanstiegen ( n.s. ) . 4 ) Die passive Ruhedehnungskurve ist bei ICM signifikant steiler ( p 0,0001 ) . 5 ) Eine reduzierte Nachlast fuehrt bei ICM zu einer massiven Calciumueberladung des Cytosols ( p 0,0001 ) . Schlussfolgerung : Im Endstadium der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie bleibt in primaer infarktfreien Myokardbezirken die Funktion des Frank-Starling-Mechanismus erhalten . Eine invertierte Kraft-Frequenz-Beziehung und Stoerungen der diastolischen Ca2+-Homoeostase, die mit Veraenderungen der passiven Ruhespannung verbunden sind , koennten jedoch nach den vorliegenden Befunden fuer das gestoerte Kontraktionsverhalten des Herzens bei ICM von entscheidender Bedeutung sein . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Bei dem Krankheitsbild der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie ( ICM ) kommt es zu Phaenotypenveraenderungen der Myozyten , die zu kritischen Veraenderungen der intrazellulaeren Ca2+-Homoeostase fuehren koennen . Diese Veraenderungen koennen die Kontraktilitaet des Herzens massgeblich beeinflussen und Rhythmusstoerungen beguenstigen . Am Modell des isolierten menschlichen Myokards prueft die vorliegende Untersuchung Kontraktionsverhalten diastolischen Ca2+-Haushalt und Ruhekraft , unter dem Einfluss der Vorlast , der Nachlast und der Frequenz . Methoden : Muskelfaserpraeparate 0,5x5,0mm) ( wurden aus der infarktfreien Zone linksventrikulaeren Myokards aus ICM-Empfaengerherzen ( n=8) und aus normalen Spenderherzen ( n=11) exzidiert , mit dem Calciumindikator FURA-2 geladen , auf optimale Laenge ( Lmax ) vorgedehnt und elektrisch stimuliert ( 1Hz , 37 Grad C , oxygenierte Krebs-Henseleit-Loesung ) . In Abhaengigkeit der Vorlast ( 0,8-1,05L/Lmax), der Nachlast ( Verkuerzung gegen eine definierte Kraft ) und der Frequenz ( 0,5-3Hz) wurden die aktive Kraftentwicklung , die passive Ruhespannung und intrazellulaere Calciumtransienten unter isometrischen und isotonen Bedingungen gemessen . Ergebnisse 1 ) NSH : entwickelt die maximale Kraftamplitude bei 2Hz , ICM hingegen bereits bei 1Hz . Hoehere Frequenzen fuehren bei ICM zu einem signifikanten Abfall der Kraft ( p 0,0001 ) . 2 ) Diastolische Calciumkonzentrationen und Ruhespannungen sind bei Frequenzen > 1,5Hz bei ICM signifikant erhoeht ( p 0,0001 ) . 3 ) Die Erhoehung der Vorlast fuehrt bei NSH und bei ICM zu aehnlichen Kraftanstiegen ( n.s. ) . 4 ) Die passive Ruhedehnungskurve ist bei ICM signifikant steiler ( p 0,0001 ) . 5 ) Eine reduzierte Nachlast fuehrt bei ICM zu einer massiven Calciumueberladung des Cytosols ( p 0,0001 ) . Schlussfolgerung : Im Endstadium der ischaemischen Kardiomyopathie bleibt in primaer infarktfreien Myokardbezirken die Funktion des Frank-Starling-Mechanismus erhalten . Eine invertierte Kraft-Frequenz-Beziehung und Stoerungen der diastolischen Ca2+-Homoeostase, die mit Veraenderungen der passiven Ruhespannung verbunden sind , koennten jedoch nach den vorliegenden Befunden fuer das gestoerte Kontraktionsverhalten des Herzens bei ICM von entscheidender Bedeutung sein .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

cancer is a Cancer, Cancer cells is a Cell, cells is a Cell, cells is a Cell, mitochondrial is a Cellular_component, cancer cells is a Cell, glucose is a Simple_chemical, ATP is a Simple_chemical, cancer cells is a Cell, cancer cells is a Cell, area is a Cancer, cancer is a Cancer, cancer cells is a Cell, cancer cells is a Cell, cancer is a Cancer, patients is a Organism, tumor cell is a Cell, cancer is a Cancer

112_task0

Sentence: Emerging metabolic targets in cancer therapy. Cancer cells are different from normal cells in their metabolic properties. Normal cells mostly rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to produce energy. In contrast, cancer cells depend mostly on glycolysis, the aerobic breakdown of glucose into ATP. This altered energy dependency is known as the "Warburg effect" and is a hallmark of cancer cells. In recent years, investigating the metabolic changes within cancer cells has been a rapidly growing area. Emerging evidence shows that oncogenes that drive the cancer-promoting signals also drive the altered metabolism. Although the exact mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect are unclear, the existing evidence suggests that increased glycolysis plays an important role in support malignant behavior of cancer cells. A thorough understanding of the unique metabolism of cancer cells will help to design of more effective drugs targeting metabolic pathways, which will greatly impact the capacity to effectively treat cancer patients. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of the Warburg effect upon tumor cell growth and survival, and discussion on the potential metabolic targets for cancer therapy. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Organism, Simple_chemical, Cancer, Cellular_component, Cell

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Emerging metabolic targets in cancer therapy. Cancer cells are different from normal cells in their metabolic properties. Normal cells mostly rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to produce energy. In contrast, cancer cells depend mostly on glycolysis, the aerobic breakdown of glucose into ATP. This altered energy dependency is known as the "Warburg effect" and is a hallmark of cancer cells. In recent years, investigating the metabolic changes within cancer cells has been a rapidly growing area. Emerging evidence shows that oncogenes that drive the cancer-promoting signals also drive the altered metabolism. Although the exact mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect are unclear, the existing evidence suggests that increased glycolysis plays an important role in support malignant behavior of cancer cells. A thorough understanding of the unique metabolism of cancer cells will help to design of more effective drugs targeting metabolic pathways, which will greatly impact the capacity to effectively treat cancer patients. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of the Warburg effect upon tumor cell growth and survival, and discussion on the potential metabolic targets for cancer therapy.

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[ "Cellular_component", "Cell", "Organism", "Simple_chemical", "Cancer" ]

cancer is a Cancer, Cancer cells is a Cell, cells is a Cell, cells is a Cell, mitochondrial is a Cellular_component, cancer cells is a Cell, glucose is a Simple_chemical, ATP is a Simple_chemical, cancer cells is a Cell, cancer cells is a Cell, area is a Cancer, cancer is a Cancer, cancer cells is a Cell, cancer cells is a Cell, cancer is a Cancer, patients is a Organism, tumor cell is a Cell, cancer is a Cancer

112_task1

Sentence: Emerging metabolic targets in cancer therapy. Cancer cells are different from normal cells in their metabolic properties. Normal cells mostly rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to produce energy. In contrast, cancer cells depend mostly on glycolysis, the aerobic breakdown of glucose into ATP. This altered energy dependency is known as the "Warburg effect" and is a hallmark of cancer cells. In recent years, investigating the metabolic changes within cancer cells has been a rapidly growing area. Emerging evidence shows that oncogenes that drive the cancer-promoting signals also drive the altered metabolism. Although the exact mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect are unclear, the existing evidence suggests that increased glycolysis plays an important role in support malignant behavior of cancer cells. A thorough understanding of the unique metabolism of cancer cells will help to design of more effective drugs targeting metabolic pathways, which will greatly impact the capacity to effectively treat cancer patients. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of the Warburg effect upon tumor cell growth and survival, and discussion on the potential metabolic targets for cancer therapy. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cancer, Cancer cells, cells, cells, mitochondrial, cancer cells, glucose, ATP, cancer cells, cancer cells, area, cancer, cancer cells, cancer cells, cancer, patients, tumor cell, cancer Options: Organism, Simple_chemical, Cancer, Cellular_component, Cell

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Emerging metabolic targets in cancer therapy. Cancer cells are different from normal cells in their metabolic properties. Normal cells mostly rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to produce energy. In contrast, cancer cells depend mostly on glycolysis, the aerobic breakdown of glucose into ATP. This altered energy dependency is known as the "Warburg effect" and is a hallmark of cancer cells. In recent years, investigating the metabolic changes within cancer cells has been a rapidly growing area. Emerging evidence shows that oncogenes that drive the cancer-promoting signals also drive the altered metabolism. Although the exact mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect are unclear, the existing evidence suggests that increased glycolysis plays an important role in support malignant behavior of cancer cells. A thorough understanding of the unique metabolism of cancer cells will help to design of more effective drugs targeting metabolic pathways, which will greatly impact the capacity to effectively treat cancer patients. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of the Warburg effect upon tumor cell growth and survival, and discussion on the potential metabolic targets for cancer therapy.

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[ "Cellular_component", "Cell", "Organism", "Simple_chemical", "Cancer" ]

cancer, Cancer cells, cells, cells, mitochondrial, cancer cells, glucose, ATP, cancer cells, cancer cells, area, cancer, cancer cells, cancer cells, cancer, patients, tumor cell, cancer

112_task2

Sentence: Emerging metabolic targets in cancer therapy. Cancer cells are different from normal cells in their metabolic properties. Normal cells mostly rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to produce energy. In contrast, cancer cells depend mostly on glycolysis, the aerobic breakdown of glucose into ATP. This altered energy dependency is known as the "Warburg effect" and is a hallmark of cancer cells. In recent years, investigating the metabolic changes within cancer cells has been a rapidly growing area. Emerging evidence shows that oncogenes that drive the cancer-promoting signals also drive the altered metabolism. Although the exact mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect are unclear, the existing evidence suggests that increased glycolysis plays an important role in support malignant behavior of cancer cells. A thorough understanding of the unique metabolism of cancer cells will help to design of more effective drugs targeting metabolic pathways, which will greatly impact the capacity to effectively treat cancer patients. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of the Warburg effect upon tumor cell growth and survival, and discussion on the potential metabolic targets for cancer therapy. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Emerging metabolic targets in cancer therapy. Cancer cells are different from normal cells in their metabolic properties. Normal cells mostly rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to produce energy. In contrast, cancer cells depend mostly on glycolysis, the aerobic breakdown of glucose into ATP. This altered energy dependency is known as the "Warburg effect" and is a hallmark of cancer cells. In recent years, investigating the metabolic changes within cancer cells has been a rapidly growing area. Emerging evidence shows that oncogenes that drive the cancer-promoting signals also drive the altered metabolism. Although the exact mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect are unclear, the existing evidence suggests that increased glycolysis plays an important role in support malignant behavior of cancer cells. A thorough understanding of the unique metabolism of cancer cells will help to design of more effective drugs targeting metabolic pathways, which will greatly impact the capacity to effectively treat cancer patients. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of the Warburg effect upon tumor cell growth and survival, and discussion on the potential metabolic targets for cancer therapy.

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adenoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, M0 is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, leucemia mieloblástica aguda is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

763_task0

Sentence: Anamnesis Paciente de 71 años sin alergias medicamentosas, antecedentes personales de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica tipo enfisematoso, neumotórax izquierdo en 1994 secundario a ruptura de bullas que precisó pleurodesis, adenoma de próstata E hipertensión arterial en tratamiento con betabloqueantes. El comienzo clínico se inicia en mayo de 2009al desarrollar un cuadro de disnea a moderados esfuerzos de 48 horas y esputos hemoptoicos. Exploración física Se aprecia una disminución del murmullo vesicular en el lóbulo superior derecho, con roncus aislados asociados; no se palpan adenopatías ni megalias. Resto de la exploración dentro de la normalidad. Pruebas complementarias » Se solicita un estudio inicial con radiografía de tórax, donde se evidencia una masa paratraqueal derecha. » En la tomografía computarizada (TC) de mayo de 2009 se visualiza una tumoración pulmonar en el lóbulo superior derecho (LSD) de 88 mm con infiltración mediastínica, de la arteria pulmonar del lóbulo superior y una adenopatía mediastínica en situación anterior al bronquio principal derecho de 20 mm, confirmado por tomografía de emisión de positrones (PET). » Se completa el estudio con una biopsia con aguja fina, con resultado anatomopatológico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón,EGFR no mutado. Diagnóstico El caso es discutido en comité multidisciplinar de patología pulmonar, y con el juicio clínico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón cT4 N2 M0, estadio IIIB, se decide radioterapia (RT) concomitante con quimioterapia con intención neoadyuvante, para valorar posteriormente la posibilidad quirúrgica. Tratamiento Se realiza preplanificación pero el volumen 20 de 43%, el patrón de enfisema centrolobulillar bilateral, así como la pérdida de volumen del hemitórax izquierdo con retracción mediastínica desaconsejan el inicio de RT. El paciente inicia quimioterapia de inducción con carboplatino-gemcitabina, siendo evaluado tras tres ciclos en julio de 2009 en respuesta parcial radiológica pulmonar y ganglionar. La lesión en el lóbulo superior derecho ha disminuido de 88 a 47 mm y la adenopatía mediastínica derecha ha disminuido de 20 a 14 mm. El caso es replanteado en comité de tumores y se desestima tratamiento quirúrgico por evidenciarse en la gammagrafía de difusión pulmonar una distribución heterogénea con función pulmonar derecha del 41%e izquierda del 59%. Se repite la preplanificación, siendo el V20de 28%, y se decide quimioterapiaen régimen semanal con carboplatino-paclitaxel concomitante con radioterapia utilizando cinco campos de fotones de 6 Mev conformados con colimador a razón de 2 Gy/día, 5 días a la semana hasta 60 Gy sobre la lesión pulmonar y mediastínica. La tolerancia fue buena, con esofagitis grado 2 y dermitis grado 1. Tras finalizar el tratamiento en octubre de 2009 presenta una respuesta parcial radiológica, con una disminución de 47 a 35 mm de la lesión en el lóbulo pulmonar derecho y de 14 a 9 mm de la adenopatía mediastínica derecha. Evolución Tras un intervalo libre de progresión de 30 meses, se objetiva en la TC de control de abril de 2012 un nódulo pulmonar en el LSD de 11 mm. El caso es comentado de nuevo en el seno del comité multidisciplinar, y se considera que es abordable mediante termoablación por radiofrecuencia pulmonar con electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 25 mm, objetivando tras la realización de la misma una remisión. Tras un segundo intervalo libre de progresión de 8 meses, en diciembre de 2012se evidencia progresión en la pared anterior del nódulo previamente tratado con radiofrecuencia, que presenta un diámetro máximo de 16 mm. Se presenta el caso en comité de tumores y se propone una segunda termoablación del nódulo en el LSDsobre el área de cavitacióncon electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 30 mm de diámetro en dos sesiones mediante retirada progresiva del electrodo, produciéndose un neumotórax, que es drenado. En marzo de 2014, un año y tres meses tras el procedimiento, se lleva a cabo un control radiológico mediante TC torácica con contraste que no evidencia signos de progresión. El paciente fue diagnosticado de una leucemia mieloblástica aguda asociada a una neumonía bilateral por Candida krusei e insuficiencia respiratoria global, siendo exitus el 2/4/2015. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

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Anamnesis Paciente de 71 años sin alergias medicamentosas, antecedentes personales de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica tipo enfisematoso, neumotórax izquierdo en 1994 secundario a ruptura de bullas que precisó pleurodesis, adenoma de próstata E hipertensión arterial en tratamiento con betabloqueantes. El comienzo clínico se inicia en mayo de 2009al desarrollar un cuadro de disnea a moderados esfuerzos de 48 horas y esputos hemoptoicos. Exploración física Se aprecia una disminución del murmullo vesicular en el lóbulo superior derecho, con roncus aislados asociados; no se palpan adenopatías ni megalias. Resto de la exploración dentro de la normalidad. Pruebas complementarias » Se solicita un estudio inicial con radiografía de tórax, donde se evidencia una masa paratraqueal derecha. » En la tomografía computarizada (TC) de mayo de 2009 se visualiza una tumoración pulmonar en el lóbulo superior derecho (LSD) de 88 mm con infiltración mediastínica, de la arteria pulmonar del lóbulo superior y una adenopatía mediastínica en situación anterior al bronquio principal derecho de 20 mm, confirmado por tomografía de emisión de positrones (PET). » Se completa el estudio con una biopsia con aguja fina, con resultado anatomopatológico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón,EGFR no mutado. Diagnóstico El caso es discutido en comité multidisciplinar de patología pulmonar, y con el juicio clínico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón cT4 N2 M0, estadio IIIB, se decide radioterapia (RT) concomitante con quimioterapia con intención neoadyuvante, para valorar posteriormente la posibilidad quirúrgica. Tratamiento Se realiza preplanificación pero el volumen 20 de 43%, el patrón de enfisema centrolobulillar bilateral, así como la pérdida de volumen del hemitórax izquierdo con retracción mediastínica desaconsejan el inicio de RT. El paciente inicia quimioterapia de inducción con carboplatino-gemcitabina, siendo evaluado tras tres ciclos en julio de 2009 en respuesta parcial radiológica pulmonar y ganglionar. La lesión en el lóbulo superior derecho ha disminuido de 88 a 47 mm y la adenopatía mediastínica derecha ha disminuido de 20 a 14 mm. El caso es replanteado en comité de tumores y se desestima tratamiento quirúrgico por evidenciarse en la gammagrafía de difusión pulmonar una distribución heterogénea con función pulmonar derecha del 41%e izquierda del 59%. Se repite la preplanificación, siendo el V20de 28%, y se decide quimioterapiaen régimen semanal con carboplatino-paclitaxel concomitante con radioterapia utilizando cinco campos de fotones de 6 Mev conformados con colimador a razón de 2 Gy/día, 5 días a la semana hasta 60 Gy sobre la lesión pulmonar y mediastínica. La tolerancia fue buena, con esofagitis grado 2 y dermitis grado 1. Tras finalizar el tratamiento en octubre de 2009 presenta una respuesta parcial radiológica, con una disminución de 47 a 35 mm de la lesión en el lóbulo pulmonar derecho y de 14 a 9 mm de la adenopatía mediastínica derecha. Evolución Tras un intervalo libre de progresión de 30 meses, se objetiva en la TC de control de abril de 2012 un nódulo pulmonar en el LSD de 11 mm. El caso es comentado de nuevo en el seno del comité multidisciplinar, y se considera que es abordable mediante termoablación por radiofrecuencia pulmonar con electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 25 mm, objetivando tras la realización de la misma una remisión. Tras un segundo intervalo libre de progresión de 8 meses, en diciembre de 2012se evidencia progresión en la pared anterior del nódulo previamente tratado con radiofrecuencia, que presenta un diámetro máximo de 16 mm. Se presenta el caso en comité de tumores y se propone una segunda termoablación del nódulo en el LSDsobre el área de cavitacióncon electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 30 mm de diámetro en dos sesiones mediante retirada progresiva del electrodo, produciéndose un neumotórax, que es drenado. En marzo de 2014, un año y tres meses tras el procedimiento, se lleva a cabo un control radiológico mediante TC torácica con contraste que no evidencia signos de progresión. El paciente fue diagnosticado de una leucemia mieloblástica aguda asociada a una neumonía bilateral por Candida krusei e insuficiencia respiratoria global, siendo exitus el 2/4/2015.

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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]

adenoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, tumoración is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, adenocarcinoma is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, M0 is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA, leucemia mieloblástica aguda is a MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

763_task1

Sentence: Anamnesis Paciente de 71 años sin alergias medicamentosas, antecedentes personales de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica tipo enfisematoso, neumotórax izquierdo en 1994 secundario a ruptura de bullas que precisó pleurodesis, adenoma de próstata E hipertensión arterial en tratamiento con betabloqueantes. El comienzo clínico se inicia en mayo de 2009al desarrollar un cuadro de disnea a moderados esfuerzos de 48 horas y esputos hemoptoicos. Exploración física Se aprecia una disminución del murmullo vesicular en el lóbulo superior derecho, con roncus aislados asociados; no se palpan adenopatías ni megalias. Resto de la exploración dentro de la normalidad. Pruebas complementarias » Se solicita un estudio inicial con radiografía de tórax, donde se evidencia una masa paratraqueal derecha. » En la tomografía computarizada (TC) de mayo de 2009 se visualiza una tumoración pulmonar en el lóbulo superior derecho (LSD) de 88 mm con infiltración mediastínica, de la arteria pulmonar del lóbulo superior y una adenopatía mediastínica en situación anterior al bronquio principal derecho de 20 mm, confirmado por tomografía de emisión de positrones (PET). » Se completa el estudio con una biopsia con aguja fina, con resultado anatomopatológico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón,EGFR no mutado. Diagnóstico El caso es discutido en comité multidisciplinar de patología pulmonar, y con el juicio clínico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón cT4 N2 M0, estadio IIIB, se decide radioterapia (RT) concomitante con quimioterapia con intención neoadyuvante, para valorar posteriormente la posibilidad quirúrgica. Tratamiento Se realiza preplanificación pero el volumen 20 de 43%, el patrón de enfisema centrolobulillar bilateral, así como la pérdida de volumen del hemitórax izquierdo con retracción mediastínica desaconsejan el inicio de RT. El paciente inicia quimioterapia de inducción con carboplatino-gemcitabina, siendo evaluado tras tres ciclos en julio de 2009 en respuesta parcial radiológica pulmonar y ganglionar. La lesión en el lóbulo superior derecho ha disminuido de 88 a 47 mm y la adenopatía mediastínica derecha ha disminuido de 20 a 14 mm. El caso es replanteado en comité de tumores y se desestima tratamiento quirúrgico por evidenciarse en la gammagrafía de difusión pulmonar una distribución heterogénea con función pulmonar derecha del 41%e izquierda del 59%. Se repite la preplanificación, siendo el V20de 28%, y se decide quimioterapiaen régimen semanal con carboplatino-paclitaxel concomitante con radioterapia utilizando cinco campos de fotones de 6 Mev conformados con colimador a razón de 2 Gy/día, 5 días a la semana hasta 60 Gy sobre la lesión pulmonar y mediastínica. La tolerancia fue buena, con esofagitis grado 2 y dermitis grado 1. Tras finalizar el tratamiento en octubre de 2009 presenta una respuesta parcial radiológica, con una disminución de 47 a 35 mm de la lesión en el lóbulo pulmonar derecho y de 14 a 9 mm de la adenopatía mediastínica derecha. Evolución Tras un intervalo libre de progresión de 30 meses, se objetiva en la TC de control de abril de 2012 un nódulo pulmonar en el LSD de 11 mm. El caso es comentado de nuevo en el seno del comité multidisciplinar, y se considera que es abordable mediante termoablación por radiofrecuencia pulmonar con electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 25 mm, objetivando tras la realización de la misma una remisión. Tras un segundo intervalo libre de progresión de 8 meses, en diciembre de 2012se evidencia progresión en la pared anterior del nódulo previamente tratado con radiofrecuencia, que presenta un diámetro máximo de 16 mm. Se presenta el caso en comité de tumores y se propone una segunda termoablación del nódulo en el LSDsobre el área de cavitacióncon electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 30 mm de diámetro en dos sesiones mediante retirada progresiva del electrodo, produciéndose un neumotórax, que es drenado. En marzo de 2014, un año y tres meses tras el procedimiento, se lleva a cabo un control radiológico mediante TC torácica con contraste que no evidencia signos de progresión. El paciente fue diagnosticado de una leucemia mieloblástica aguda asociada a una neumonía bilateral por Candida krusei e insuficiencia respiratoria global, siendo exitus el 2/4/2015. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: adenoma, tumoración, adenocarcinoma, adenocarcinoma, M0, leucemia mieloblástica aguda Options: MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA

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Anamnesis Paciente de 71 años sin alergias medicamentosas, antecedentes personales de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica tipo enfisematoso, neumotórax izquierdo en 1994 secundario a ruptura de bullas que precisó pleurodesis, adenoma de próstata E hipertensión arterial en tratamiento con betabloqueantes. El comienzo clínico se inicia en mayo de 2009al desarrollar un cuadro de disnea a moderados esfuerzos de 48 horas y esputos hemoptoicos. Exploración física Se aprecia una disminución del murmullo vesicular en el lóbulo superior derecho, con roncus aislados asociados; no se palpan adenopatías ni megalias. Resto de la exploración dentro de la normalidad. Pruebas complementarias » Se solicita un estudio inicial con radiografía de tórax, donde se evidencia una masa paratraqueal derecha. » En la tomografía computarizada (TC) de mayo de 2009 se visualiza una tumoración pulmonar en el lóbulo superior derecho (LSD) de 88 mm con infiltración mediastínica, de la arteria pulmonar del lóbulo superior y una adenopatía mediastínica en situación anterior al bronquio principal derecho de 20 mm, confirmado por tomografía de emisión de positrones (PET). » Se completa el estudio con una biopsia con aguja fina, con resultado anatomopatológico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón,EGFR no mutado. Diagnóstico El caso es discutido en comité multidisciplinar de patología pulmonar, y con el juicio clínico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón cT4 N2 M0, estadio IIIB, se decide radioterapia (RT) concomitante con quimioterapia con intención neoadyuvante, para valorar posteriormente la posibilidad quirúrgica. Tratamiento Se realiza preplanificación pero el volumen 20 de 43%, el patrón de enfisema centrolobulillar bilateral, así como la pérdida de volumen del hemitórax izquierdo con retracción mediastínica desaconsejan el inicio de RT. El paciente inicia quimioterapia de inducción con carboplatino-gemcitabina, siendo evaluado tras tres ciclos en julio de 2009 en respuesta parcial radiológica pulmonar y ganglionar. La lesión en el lóbulo superior derecho ha disminuido de 88 a 47 mm y la adenopatía mediastínica derecha ha disminuido de 20 a 14 mm. El caso es replanteado en comité de tumores y se desestima tratamiento quirúrgico por evidenciarse en la gammagrafía de difusión pulmonar una distribución heterogénea con función pulmonar derecha del 41%e izquierda del 59%. Se repite la preplanificación, siendo el V20de 28%, y se decide quimioterapiaen régimen semanal con carboplatino-paclitaxel concomitante con radioterapia utilizando cinco campos de fotones de 6 Mev conformados con colimador a razón de 2 Gy/día, 5 días a la semana hasta 60 Gy sobre la lesión pulmonar y mediastínica. La tolerancia fue buena, con esofagitis grado 2 y dermitis grado 1. Tras finalizar el tratamiento en octubre de 2009 presenta una respuesta parcial radiológica, con una disminución de 47 a 35 mm de la lesión en el lóbulo pulmonar derecho y de 14 a 9 mm de la adenopatía mediastínica derecha. Evolución Tras un intervalo libre de progresión de 30 meses, se objetiva en la TC de control de abril de 2012 un nódulo pulmonar en el LSD de 11 mm. El caso es comentado de nuevo en el seno del comité multidisciplinar, y se considera que es abordable mediante termoablación por radiofrecuencia pulmonar con electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 25 mm, objetivando tras la realización de la misma una remisión. Tras un segundo intervalo libre de progresión de 8 meses, en diciembre de 2012se evidencia progresión en la pared anterior del nódulo previamente tratado con radiofrecuencia, que presenta un diámetro máximo de 16 mm. Se presenta el caso en comité de tumores y se propone una segunda termoablación del nódulo en el LSDsobre el área de cavitacióncon electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 30 mm de diámetro en dos sesiones mediante retirada progresiva del electrodo, produciéndose un neumotórax, que es drenado. En marzo de 2014, un año y tres meses tras el procedimiento, se lleva a cabo un control radiológico mediante TC torácica con contraste que no evidencia signos de progresión. El paciente fue diagnosticado de una leucemia mieloblástica aguda asociada a una neumonía bilateral por Candida krusei e insuficiencia respiratoria global, siendo exitus el 2/4/2015.

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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]

adenoma, tumoración, adenocarcinoma, adenocarcinoma, M0, leucemia mieloblástica aguda

763_task2

Sentence: Anamnesis Paciente de 71 años sin alergias medicamentosas, antecedentes personales de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica tipo enfisematoso, neumotórax izquierdo en 1994 secundario a ruptura de bullas que precisó pleurodesis, adenoma de próstata E hipertensión arterial en tratamiento con betabloqueantes. El comienzo clínico se inicia en mayo de 2009al desarrollar un cuadro de disnea a moderados esfuerzos de 48 horas y esputos hemoptoicos. Exploración física Se aprecia una disminución del murmullo vesicular en el lóbulo superior derecho, con roncus aislados asociados; no se palpan adenopatías ni megalias. Resto de la exploración dentro de la normalidad. Pruebas complementarias » Se solicita un estudio inicial con radiografía de tórax, donde se evidencia una masa paratraqueal derecha. » En la tomografía computarizada (TC) de mayo de 2009 se visualiza una tumoración pulmonar en el lóbulo superior derecho (LSD) de 88 mm con infiltración mediastínica, de la arteria pulmonar del lóbulo superior y una adenopatía mediastínica en situación anterior al bronquio principal derecho de 20 mm, confirmado por tomografía de emisión de positrones (PET). » Se completa el estudio con una biopsia con aguja fina, con resultado anatomopatológico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón,EGFR no mutado. Diagnóstico El caso es discutido en comité multidisciplinar de patología pulmonar, y con el juicio clínico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón cT4 N2 M0, estadio IIIB, se decide radioterapia (RT) concomitante con quimioterapia con intención neoadyuvante, para valorar posteriormente la posibilidad quirúrgica. Tratamiento Se realiza preplanificación pero el volumen 20 de 43%, el patrón de enfisema centrolobulillar bilateral, así como la pérdida de volumen del hemitórax izquierdo con retracción mediastínica desaconsejan el inicio de RT. El paciente inicia quimioterapia de inducción con carboplatino-gemcitabina, siendo evaluado tras tres ciclos en julio de 2009 en respuesta parcial radiológica pulmonar y ganglionar. La lesión en el lóbulo superior derecho ha disminuido de 88 a 47 mm y la adenopatía mediastínica derecha ha disminuido de 20 a 14 mm. El caso es replanteado en comité de tumores y se desestima tratamiento quirúrgico por evidenciarse en la gammagrafía de difusión pulmonar una distribución heterogénea con función pulmonar derecha del 41%e izquierda del 59%. Se repite la preplanificación, siendo el V20de 28%, y se decide quimioterapiaen régimen semanal con carboplatino-paclitaxel concomitante con radioterapia utilizando cinco campos de fotones de 6 Mev conformados con colimador a razón de 2 Gy/día, 5 días a la semana hasta 60 Gy sobre la lesión pulmonar y mediastínica. La tolerancia fue buena, con esofagitis grado 2 y dermitis grado 1. Tras finalizar el tratamiento en octubre de 2009 presenta una respuesta parcial radiológica, con una disminución de 47 a 35 mm de la lesión en el lóbulo pulmonar derecho y de 14 a 9 mm de la adenopatía mediastínica derecha. Evolución Tras un intervalo libre de progresión de 30 meses, se objetiva en la TC de control de abril de 2012 un nódulo pulmonar en el LSD de 11 mm. El caso es comentado de nuevo en el seno del comité multidisciplinar, y se considera que es abordable mediante termoablación por radiofrecuencia pulmonar con electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 25 mm, objetivando tras la realización de la misma una remisión. Tras un segundo intervalo libre de progresión de 8 meses, en diciembre de 2012se evidencia progresión en la pared anterior del nódulo previamente tratado con radiofrecuencia, que presenta un diámetro máximo de 16 mm. Se presenta el caso en comité de tumores y se propone una segunda termoablación del nódulo en el LSDsobre el área de cavitacióncon electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 30 mm de diámetro en dos sesiones mediante retirada progresiva del electrodo, produciéndose un neumotórax, que es drenado. En marzo de 2014, un año y tres meses tras el procedimiento, se lleva a cabo un control radiológico mediante TC torácica con contraste que no evidencia signos de progresión. El paciente fue diagnosticado de una leucemia mieloblástica aguda asociada a una neumonía bilateral por Candida krusei e insuficiencia respiratoria global, siendo exitus el 2/4/2015. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Anamnesis Paciente de 71 años sin alergias medicamentosas, antecedentes personales de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica tipo enfisematoso, neumotórax izquierdo en 1994 secundario a ruptura de bullas que precisó pleurodesis, adenoma de próstata E hipertensión arterial en tratamiento con betabloqueantes. El comienzo clínico se inicia en mayo de 2009al desarrollar un cuadro de disnea a moderados esfuerzos de 48 horas y esputos hemoptoicos. Exploración física Se aprecia una disminución del murmullo vesicular en el lóbulo superior derecho, con roncus aislados asociados; no se palpan adenopatías ni megalias. Resto de la exploración dentro de la normalidad. Pruebas complementarias » Se solicita un estudio inicial con radiografía de tórax, donde se evidencia una masa paratraqueal derecha. » En la tomografía computarizada (TC) de mayo de 2009 se visualiza una tumoración pulmonar en el lóbulo superior derecho (LSD) de 88 mm con infiltración mediastínica, de la arteria pulmonar del lóbulo superior y una adenopatía mediastínica en situación anterior al bronquio principal derecho de 20 mm, confirmado por tomografía de emisión de positrones (PET). » Se completa el estudio con una biopsia con aguja fina, con resultado anatomopatológico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón,EGFR no mutado. Diagnóstico El caso es discutido en comité multidisciplinar de patología pulmonar, y con el juicio clínico de adenocarcinoma de pulmón cT4 N2 M0, estadio IIIB, se decide radioterapia (RT) concomitante con quimioterapia con intención neoadyuvante, para valorar posteriormente la posibilidad quirúrgica. Tratamiento Se realiza preplanificación pero el volumen 20 de 43%, el patrón de enfisema centrolobulillar bilateral, así como la pérdida de volumen del hemitórax izquierdo con retracción mediastínica desaconsejan el inicio de RT. El paciente inicia quimioterapia de inducción con carboplatino-gemcitabina, siendo evaluado tras tres ciclos en julio de 2009 en respuesta parcial radiológica pulmonar y ganglionar. La lesión en el lóbulo superior derecho ha disminuido de 88 a 47 mm y la adenopatía mediastínica derecha ha disminuido de 20 a 14 mm. El caso es replanteado en comité de tumores y se desestima tratamiento quirúrgico por evidenciarse en la gammagrafía de difusión pulmonar una distribución heterogénea con función pulmonar derecha del 41%e izquierda del 59%. Se repite la preplanificación, siendo el V20de 28%, y se decide quimioterapiaen régimen semanal con carboplatino-paclitaxel concomitante con radioterapia utilizando cinco campos de fotones de 6 Mev conformados con colimador a razón de 2 Gy/día, 5 días a la semana hasta 60 Gy sobre la lesión pulmonar y mediastínica. La tolerancia fue buena, con esofagitis grado 2 y dermitis grado 1. Tras finalizar el tratamiento en octubre de 2009 presenta una respuesta parcial radiológica, con una disminución de 47 a 35 mm de la lesión en el lóbulo pulmonar derecho y de 14 a 9 mm de la adenopatía mediastínica derecha. Evolución Tras un intervalo libre de progresión de 30 meses, se objetiva en la TC de control de abril de 2012 un nódulo pulmonar en el LSD de 11 mm. El caso es comentado de nuevo en el seno del comité multidisciplinar, y se considera que es abordable mediante termoablación por radiofrecuencia pulmonar con electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 25 mm, objetivando tras la realización de la misma una remisión. Tras un segundo intervalo libre de progresión de 8 meses, en diciembre de 2012se evidencia progresión en la pared anterior del nódulo previamente tratado con radiofrecuencia, que presenta un diámetro máximo de 16 mm. Se presenta el caso en comité de tumores y se propone una segunda termoablación del nódulo en el LSDsobre el área de cavitacióncon electrodo de Le Veen con apertura máxima de 30 mm de diámetro en dos sesiones mediante retirada progresiva del electrodo, produciéndose un neumotórax, que es drenado. En marzo de 2014, un año y tres meses tras el procedimiento, se lleva a cabo un control radiológico mediante TC torácica con contraste que no evidencia signos de progresión. El paciente fue diagnosticado de una leucemia mieloblástica aguda asociada a una neumonía bilateral por Candida krusei e insuficiencia respiratoria global, siendo exitus el 2/4/2015.

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[ "MORFOLOGIA_NEOPLASIA" ]

Objective is an umlsterm, aim is an umlsterm, trend is an umlsterm, hospitalization is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm, asthma is an umlsterm, city is an umlsterm

MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.81460951.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Objective : The aim of the study was to examine the trend of hospitalization rates of children with acute asthma in the city area of Luebeck in the years 1976 to 1995. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Objective : The aim of the study was to examine the trend of hospitalization rates of children with acute asthma in the city area of Luebeck in the years 1976 to 1995.

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Objective is an umlsterm, aim is an umlsterm, trend is an umlsterm, hospitalization is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm, asthma is an umlsterm, city is an umlsterm

MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.81460951.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Objective : The aim of the study was to examine the trend of hospitalization rates of children with acute asthma in the city area of Luebeck in the years 1976 to 1995. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Objective, aim, trend, hospitalization, children, asthma, city Options: umlsterm

[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Objective : The aim of the study was to examine the trend of hospitalization rates of children with acute asthma in the city area of Luebeck in the years 1976 to 1995.

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Objective, aim, trend, hospitalization, children, asthma, city

MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.81460951.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Objective : The aim of the study was to examine the trend of hospitalization rates of children with acute asthma in the city area of Luebeck in the years 1976 to 1995. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Objective : The aim of the study was to examine the trend of hospitalization rates of children with acute asthma in the city area of Luebeck in the years 1976 to 1995.

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[ "umlsterm" ]

pressure - flow parameters is a Outcome_Other, receiving finasteride for 2 years . is a Participant_Condition, with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) is a Participant_Condition, One hundred twenty - one is a Participant_Sample-size, benign prostatic enlargement is a Participant_Condition, lower urinary tract symptoms is a Participant_Condition, modified Abrams - Griffiths nomogram is a Outcome_Other, 5 mg finasteride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, PFS parameters is a Outcome_Other, Detrusor pressure is a Outcome_Other, PdetQmax is a Outcome_Physical, Abrams - Griffiths classification is a Outcome_Other

1659_task0

Sentence: Continued improvement in pressure-flow parameters in men receiving finasteride for 2 years . Finasteride Urodynamics Study Group . OBJECTIVES To assess the long-term effects of finasteride on pressure-flow parameters in men with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) . METHODS One hundred twenty-one men with benign prostatic enlargement ( BPE ) and lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) underwent a pressure-flow study ( PFS ) at 1 of 11 clinical centers . The PFS technique was standardized , and all tracings were read by a single reader unaware of the treatment group . Patients who were obstructed according to a modified Abrams-Griffiths nomogram were randomized to 5 mg finasteride ( n = 81 ) or placebo ( n = 40 ) for 12 months ; all patients continuing into an open extension received finasteride during the second 12 months of therapy . Results of the initial 12-month study demonstrated the benefit of finasteride treatment on PFS parameters . To examine the continuing effects over time , an analysis of the data from 54 patients who completed 24 months of treatment with finasteride is provided . RESULTS Detrusor pressure at maximum flow ( PdetQmax ) continued to decrease during the second 12 months of therapy ( decreases of 5.3 and 11.7 cm H2O at months 12 and 24 , respectively ) . The percentage of patients obstructed by Abrams-Griffiths classification decreased from 76.2 % at baseline to 66.7 % at month 12 and 59.6 % at month 24 . An intention-to-treat analysis yielded similar results . CONCLUSIONS Finasteride improves urodynamic measures of obstruction in men with BPE and LUTS , with continued improvement during the second 12 months of therapy . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

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Continued improvement in pressure-flow parameters in men receiving finasteride for 2 years . Finasteride Urodynamics Study Group . OBJECTIVES To assess the long-term effects of finasteride on pressure-flow parameters in men with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) . METHODS One hundred twenty-one men with benign prostatic enlargement ( BPE ) and lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) underwent a pressure-flow study ( PFS ) at 1 of 11 clinical centers . The PFS technique was standardized , and all tracings were read by a single reader unaware of the treatment group . Patients who were obstructed according to a modified Abrams-Griffiths nomogram were randomized to 5 mg finasteride ( n = 81 ) or placebo ( n = 40 ) for 12 months ; all patients continuing into an open extension received finasteride during the second 12 months of therapy . Results of the initial 12-month study demonstrated the benefit of finasteride treatment on PFS parameters . To examine the continuing effects over time , an analysis of the data from 54 patients who completed 24 months of treatment with finasteride is provided . RESULTS Detrusor pressure at maximum flow ( PdetQmax ) continued to decrease during the second 12 months of therapy ( decreases of 5.3 and 11.7 cm H2O at months 12 and 24 , respectively ) . The percentage of patients obstructed by Abrams-Griffiths classification decreased from 76.2 % at baseline to 66.7 % at month 12 and 59.6 % at month 24 . An intention-to-treat analysis yielded similar results . CONCLUSIONS Finasteride improves urodynamic measures of obstruction in men with BPE and LUTS , with continued improvement during the second 12 months of therapy .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sex" ]

pressure - flow parameters is a Outcome_Other, receiving finasteride for 2 years . is a Participant_Condition, with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) is a Participant_Condition, One hundred twenty - one is a Participant_Sample-size, benign prostatic enlargement is a Participant_Condition, lower urinary tract symptoms is a Participant_Condition, modified Abrams - Griffiths nomogram is a Outcome_Other, 5 mg finasteride is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, PFS parameters is a Outcome_Other, Detrusor pressure is a Outcome_Other, PdetQmax is a Outcome_Physical, Abrams - Griffiths classification is a Outcome_Other

1659_task1

Sentence: Continued improvement in pressure-flow parameters in men receiving finasteride for 2 years . Finasteride Urodynamics Study Group . OBJECTIVES To assess the long-term effects of finasteride on pressure-flow parameters in men with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) . METHODS One hundred twenty-one men with benign prostatic enlargement ( BPE ) and lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) underwent a pressure-flow study ( PFS ) at 1 of 11 clinical centers . The PFS technique was standardized , and all tracings were read by a single reader unaware of the treatment group . Patients who were obstructed according to a modified Abrams-Griffiths nomogram were randomized to 5 mg finasteride ( n = 81 ) or placebo ( n = 40 ) for 12 months ; all patients continuing into an open extension received finasteride during the second 12 months of therapy . Results of the initial 12-month study demonstrated the benefit of finasteride treatment on PFS parameters . To examine the continuing effects over time , an analysis of the data from 54 patients who completed 24 months of treatment with finasteride is provided . RESULTS Detrusor pressure at maximum flow ( PdetQmax ) continued to decrease during the second 12 months of therapy ( decreases of 5.3 and 11.7 cm H2O at months 12 and 24 , respectively ) . The percentage of patients obstructed by Abrams-Griffiths classification decreased from 76.2 % at baseline to 66.7 % at month 12 and 59.6 % at month 24 . An intention-to-treat analysis yielded similar results . CONCLUSIONS Finasteride improves urodynamic measures of obstruction in men with BPE and LUTS , with continued improvement during the second 12 months of therapy . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: pressure - flow parameters, receiving finasteride for 2 years ., with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ), One hundred twenty - one, benign prostatic enlargement, lower urinary tract symptoms, modified Abrams - Griffiths nomogram, 5 mg finasteride, placebo, PFS parameters, Detrusor pressure, PdetQmax, Abrams - Griffiths classification Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Intervention_Control, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

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Continued improvement in pressure-flow parameters in men receiving finasteride for 2 years . Finasteride Urodynamics Study Group . OBJECTIVES To assess the long-term effects of finasteride on pressure-flow parameters in men with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) . METHODS One hundred twenty-one men with benign prostatic enlargement ( BPE ) and lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) underwent a pressure-flow study ( PFS ) at 1 of 11 clinical centers . The PFS technique was standardized , and all tracings were read by a single reader unaware of the treatment group . Patients who were obstructed according to a modified Abrams-Griffiths nomogram were randomized to 5 mg finasteride ( n = 81 ) or placebo ( n = 40 ) for 12 months ; all patients continuing into an open extension received finasteride during the second 12 months of therapy . Results of the initial 12-month study demonstrated the benefit of finasteride treatment on PFS parameters . To examine the continuing effects over time , an analysis of the data from 54 patients who completed 24 months of treatment with finasteride is provided . RESULTS Detrusor pressure at maximum flow ( PdetQmax ) continued to decrease during the second 12 months of therapy ( decreases of 5.3 and 11.7 cm H2O at months 12 and 24 , respectively ) . The percentage of patients obstructed by Abrams-Griffiths classification decreased from 76.2 % at baseline to 66.7 % at month 12 and 59.6 % at month 24 . An intention-to-treat analysis yielded similar results . CONCLUSIONS Finasteride improves urodynamic measures of obstruction in men with BPE and LUTS , with continued improvement during the second 12 months of therapy .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sex" ]

pressure - flow parameters, receiving finasteride for 2 years ., with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ), One hundred twenty - one, benign prostatic enlargement, lower urinary tract symptoms, modified Abrams - Griffiths nomogram, 5 mg finasteride, placebo, PFS parameters, Detrusor pressure, PdetQmax, Abrams - Griffiths classification

1659_task2

Sentence: Continued improvement in pressure-flow parameters in men receiving finasteride for 2 years . Finasteride Urodynamics Study Group . OBJECTIVES To assess the long-term effects of finasteride on pressure-flow parameters in men with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) . METHODS One hundred twenty-one men with benign prostatic enlargement ( BPE ) and lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) underwent a pressure-flow study ( PFS ) at 1 of 11 clinical centers . The PFS technique was standardized , and all tracings were read by a single reader unaware of the treatment group . Patients who were obstructed according to a modified Abrams-Griffiths nomogram were randomized to 5 mg finasteride ( n = 81 ) or placebo ( n = 40 ) for 12 months ; all patients continuing into an open extension received finasteride during the second 12 months of therapy . Results of the initial 12-month study demonstrated the benefit of finasteride treatment on PFS parameters . To examine the continuing effects over time , an analysis of the data from 54 patients who completed 24 months of treatment with finasteride is provided . RESULTS Detrusor pressure at maximum flow ( PdetQmax ) continued to decrease during the second 12 months of therapy ( decreases of 5.3 and 11.7 cm H2O at months 12 and 24 , respectively ) . The percentage of patients obstructed by Abrams-Griffiths classification decreased from 76.2 % at baseline to 66.7 % at month 12 and 59.6 % at month 24 . An intention-to-treat analysis yielded similar results . CONCLUSIONS Finasteride improves urodynamic measures of obstruction in men with BPE and LUTS , with continued improvement during the second 12 months of therapy . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Continued improvement in pressure-flow parameters in men receiving finasteride for 2 years . Finasteride Urodynamics Study Group . OBJECTIVES To assess the long-term effects of finasteride on pressure-flow parameters in men with urodynamically documented bladder outflow obstruction ( BOO ) . METHODS One hundred twenty-one men with benign prostatic enlargement ( BPE ) and lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) underwent a pressure-flow study ( PFS ) at 1 of 11 clinical centers . The PFS technique was standardized , and all tracings were read by a single reader unaware of the treatment group . Patients who were obstructed according to a modified Abrams-Griffiths nomogram were randomized to 5 mg finasteride ( n = 81 ) or placebo ( n = 40 ) for 12 months ; all patients continuing into an open extension received finasteride during the second 12 months of therapy . Results of the initial 12-month study demonstrated the benefit of finasteride treatment on PFS parameters . To examine the continuing effects over time , an analysis of the data from 54 patients who completed 24 months of treatment with finasteride is provided . RESULTS Detrusor pressure at maximum flow ( PdetQmax ) continued to decrease during the second 12 months of therapy ( decreases of 5.3 and 11.7 cm H2O at months 12 and 24 , respectively ) . The percentage of patients obstructed by Abrams-Griffiths classification decreased from 76.2 % at baseline to 66.7 % at month 12 and 59.6 % at month 24 . An intention-to-treat analysis yielded similar results . CONCLUSIONS Finasteride improves urodynamic measures of obstruction in men with BPE and LUTS , with continued improvement during the second 12 months of therapy .

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[ "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Physical", "Intervention_Control", "Participant_Sex" ]

interleukin 1 receptor is a Complex, interleukin 1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 receptor is a Complex, Type I is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type II IL-1 receptors is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 receptor accessory protein is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, Ig is a Gene_or_gene_product, extracellular is a Cellular_component, Type I is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type II IL-1 receptors is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type I IL-1R is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type I IL-1R is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 alpha is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1ra is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type I IL-1R is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 receptor is a Complex

239_task0

Sentence: Molecular cloning and characterization of a second subunit of the interleukin 1 receptor complex. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was isolated that blocked the binding and bioactivity of both human and murine interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) on murine IL-1 receptor-bearing cells. This mAb recognized a protein that was distinct from the Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors, suggesting that an additional protein exists that is involved in IL-1 biological responses. By expression cloning in COS-7 cells, we have isolated a cDNA from mouse 3T3-LI cells encoding this putative auxiliary molecule, which we term the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1R AcP). Sequence analysis of the cDNA predicts an open reading frame that encodes a 570-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of approximately 66 kDa. The IL-1R AcP is a member of the Ig superfamily by analysis of its putative extracellular domain and also bears limited homology throughout the protein to both Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors. Northern analysis reveals that murine IL-1R AcP mRNA is expressed in many tissues and appears to be regulated by IL-1. In mammalian cells expressing natural or recombinant Type I IL-1R and IL-1R AcP, the accessory protein forms a complex with the Type I IL-1R and either IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta but not IL-1ra. The recombinant accessory protein also increases the binding affinity of the recombinant Type I IL-1R for IL-1 beta when the two receptor proteins are coexpressed. Therefore, the functional IL-1 receptor appears to be a complex composed of at least two subunits. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Complex, Gene_or_gene_product, Cellular_component

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Molecular cloning and characterization of a second subunit of the interleukin 1 receptor complex. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was isolated that blocked the binding and bioactivity of both human and murine interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) on murine IL-1 receptor-bearing cells. This mAb recognized a protein that was distinct from the Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors, suggesting that an additional protein exists that is involved in IL-1 biological responses. By expression cloning in COS-7 cells, we have isolated a cDNA from mouse 3T3-LI cells encoding this putative auxiliary molecule, which we term the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1R AcP). Sequence analysis of the cDNA predicts an open reading frame that encodes a 570-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of approximately 66 kDa. The IL-1R AcP is a member of the Ig superfamily by analysis of its putative extracellular domain and also bears limited homology throughout the protein to both Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors. Northern analysis reveals that murine IL-1R AcP mRNA is expressed in many tissues and appears to be regulated by IL-1. In mammalian cells expressing natural or recombinant Type I IL-1R and IL-1R AcP, the accessory protein forms a complex with the Type I IL-1R and either IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta but not IL-1ra. The recombinant accessory protein also increases the binding affinity of the recombinant Type I IL-1R for IL-1 beta when the two receptor proteins are coexpressed. Therefore, the functional IL-1 receptor appears to be a complex composed of at least two subunits.

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[ "Gene_or_gene_product", "Complex", "Cellular_component" ]

interleukin 1 receptor is a Complex, interleukin 1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 receptor is a Complex, Type I is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type II IL-1 receptors is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 receptor accessory protein is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, Ig is a Gene_or_gene_product, extracellular is a Cellular_component, Type I is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type II IL-1 receptors is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type I IL-1R is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1R AcP is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type I IL-1R is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 alpha is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1ra is a Gene_or_gene_product, Type I IL-1R is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 beta is a Gene_or_gene_product, IL-1 receptor is a Complex

239_task1

Sentence: Molecular cloning and characterization of a second subunit of the interleukin 1 receptor complex. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was isolated that blocked the binding and bioactivity of both human and murine interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) on murine IL-1 receptor-bearing cells. This mAb recognized a protein that was distinct from the Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors, suggesting that an additional protein exists that is involved in IL-1 biological responses. By expression cloning in COS-7 cells, we have isolated a cDNA from mouse 3T3-LI cells encoding this putative auxiliary molecule, which we term the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1R AcP). Sequence analysis of the cDNA predicts an open reading frame that encodes a 570-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of approximately 66 kDa. The IL-1R AcP is a member of the Ig superfamily by analysis of its putative extracellular domain and also bears limited homology throughout the protein to both Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors. Northern analysis reveals that murine IL-1R AcP mRNA is expressed in many tissues and appears to be regulated by IL-1. In mammalian cells expressing natural or recombinant Type I IL-1R and IL-1R AcP, the accessory protein forms a complex with the Type I IL-1R and either IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta but not IL-1ra. The recombinant accessory protein also increases the binding affinity of the recombinant Type I IL-1R for IL-1 beta when the two receptor proteins are coexpressed. Therefore, the functional IL-1 receptor appears to be a complex composed of at least two subunits. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: interleukin 1 receptor, interleukin 1 beta, IL-1 beta, IL-1 receptor, Type I, Type II IL-1 receptors, IL-1, IL-1 receptor accessory protein, IL-1R AcP, IL-1R AcP, Ig, extracellular, Type I, Type II IL-1 receptors, IL-1R AcP, IL-1, Type I IL-1R, IL-1R AcP, Type I IL-1R, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-1ra, Type I IL-1R, IL-1 beta, IL-1 receptor Options: Complex, Gene_or_gene_product, Cellular_component

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Molecular cloning and characterization of a second subunit of the interleukin 1 receptor complex. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was isolated that blocked the binding and bioactivity of both human and murine interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) on murine IL-1 receptor-bearing cells. This mAb recognized a protein that was distinct from the Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors, suggesting that an additional protein exists that is involved in IL-1 biological responses. By expression cloning in COS-7 cells, we have isolated a cDNA from mouse 3T3-LI cells encoding this putative auxiliary molecule, which we term the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1R AcP). Sequence analysis of the cDNA predicts an open reading frame that encodes a 570-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of approximately 66 kDa. The IL-1R AcP is a member of the Ig superfamily by analysis of its putative extracellular domain and also bears limited homology throughout the protein to both Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors. Northern analysis reveals that murine IL-1R AcP mRNA is expressed in many tissues and appears to be regulated by IL-1. In mammalian cells expressing natural or recombinant Type I IL-1R and IL-1R AcP, the accessory protein forms a complex with the Type I IL-1R and either IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta but not IL-1ra. The recombinant accessory protein also increases the binding affinity of the recombinant Type I IL-1R for IL-1 beta when the two receptor proteins are coexpressed. Therefore, the functional IL-1 receptor appears to be a complex composed of at least two subunits.

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[ "Gene_or_gene_product", "Complex", "Cellular_component" ]

interleukin 1 receptor, interleukin 1 beta, IL-1 beta, IL-1 receptor, Type I, Type II IL-1 receptors, IL-1, IL-1 receptor accessory protein, IL-1R AcP, IL-1R AcP, Ig, extracellular, Type I, Type II IL-1 receptors, IL-1R AcP, IL-1, Type I IL-1R, IL-1R AcP, Type I IL-1R, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-1ra, Type I IL-1R, IL-1 beta, IL-1 receptor

239_task2

Sentence: Molecular cloning and characterization of a second subunit of the interleukin 1 receptor complex. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was isolated that blocked the binding and bioactivity of both human and murine interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) on murine IL-1 receptor-bearing cells. This mAb recognized a protein that was distinct from the Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors, suggesting that an additional protein exists that is involved in IL-1 biological responses. By expression cloning in COS-7 cells, we have isolated a cDNA from mouse 3T3-LI cells encoding this putative auxiliary molecule, which we term the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1R AcP). Sequence analysis of the cDNA predicts an open reading frame that encodes a 570-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of approximately 66 kDa. The IL-1R AcP is a member of the Ig superfamily by analysis of its putative extracellular domain and also bears limited homology throughout the protein to both Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors. Northern analysis reveals that murine IL-1R AcP mRNA is expressed in many tissues and appears to be regulated by IL-1. In mammalian cells expressing natural or recombinant Type I IL-1R and IL-1R AcP, the accessory protein forms a complex with the Type I IL-1R and either IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta but not IL-1ra. The recombinant accessory protein also increases the binding affinity of the recombinant Type I IL-1R for IL-1 beta when the two receptor proteins are coexpressed. Therefore, the functional IL-1 receptor appears to be a complex composed of at least two subunits. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Molecular cloning and characterization of a second subunit of the interleukin 1 receptor complex. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) was isolated that blocked the binding and bioactivity of both human and murine interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) on murine IL-1 receptor-bearing cells. This mAb recognized a protein that was distinct from the Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors, suggesting that an additional protein exists that is involved in IL-1 biological responses. By expression cloning in COS-7 cells, we have isolated a cDNA from mouse 3T3-LI cells encoding this putative auxiliary molecule, which we term the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1R AcP). Sequence analysis of the cDNA predicts an open reading frame that encodes a 570-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of approximately 66 kDa. The IL-1R AcP is a member of the Ig superfamily by analysis of its putative extracellular domain and also bears limited homology throughout the protein to both Type I and Type II IL-1 receptors. Northern analysis reveals that murine IL-1R AcP mRNA is expressed in many tissues and appears to be regulated by IL-1. In mammalian cells expressing natural or recombinant Type I IL-1R and IL-1R AcP, the accessory protein forms a complex with the Type I IL-1R and either IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta but not IL-1ra. The recombinant accessory protein also increases the binding affinity of the recombinant Type I IL-1R for IL-1 beta when the two receptor proteins are coexpressed. Therefore, the functional IL-1 receptor appears to be a complex composed of at least two subunits.

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[ "Gene_or_gene_product", "Complex", "Cellular_component" ]

Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Erythem is an umlsterm, Narben is an umlsterm, Pigmentstoerungen is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.70480402.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Dreizehn Patienten wurden wegen eines Granuloma pyogenicum mit dem Dauerstrich- und dem ultragepulsten CO2-Laser behandelt . Der Dauerstrich-CO2-Laser wurde in allen Faellen eingesetzt . Bei 7 Patienten kam zusaetzlich der ultragepulste CO2-Laser zur Anwendung . Bei allen Patienten fuehrte die Behandlung in einer Sitzung zur Abheilung . Als haeufigste Begleitreaktion trat ein transientes Erythem auf . Diskrete Narben waren in 2 Faellen zu beobachten . Zu bleibenden Pigmentstoerungen kam es nicht . Die Anwendung des CO2-Lasers zur Therapie des Granuloma pyogenicum stellt eine schnelle und blutarme Behandlungsmethode mit geringen Nebenwirkungen dar und ist eine elegante Alternative zu bisherigen therapeutischen Moeglichkeiten . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Dreizehn Patienten wurden wegen eines Granuloma pyogenicum mit dem Dauerstrich- und dem ultragepulsten CO2-Laser behandelt . Der Dauerstrich-CO2-Laser wurde in allen Faellen eingesetzt . Bei 7 Patienten kam zusaetzlich der ultragepulste CO2-Laser zur Anwendung . Bei allen Patienten fuehrte die Behandlung in einer Sitzung zur Abheilung . Als haeufigste Begleitreaktion trat ein transientes Erythem auf . Diskrete Narben waren in 2 Faellen zu beobachten . Zu bleibenden Pigmentstoerungen kam es nicht . Die Anwendung des CO2-Lasers zur Therapie des Granuloma pyogenicum stellt eine schnelle und blutarme Behandlungsmethode mit geringen Nebenwirkungen dar und ist eine elegante Alternative zu bisherigen therapeutischen Moeglichkeiten .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Behandlung is an umlsterm, Erythem is an umlsterm, Narben is an umlsterm, Pigmentstoerungen is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm

DerHautarzt.70480402.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Dreizehn Patienten wurden wegen eines Granuloma pyogenicum mit dem Dauerstrich- und dem ultragepulsten CO2-Laser behandelt . Der Dauerstrich-CO2-Laser wurde in allen Faellen eingesetzt . Bei 7 Patienten kam zusaetzlich der ultragepulste CO2-Laser zur Anwendung . Bei allen Patienten fuehrte die Behandlung in einer Sitzung zur Abheilung . Als haeufigste Begleitreaktion trat ein transientes Erythem auf . Diskrete Narben waren in 2 Faellen zu beobachten . Zu bleibenden Pigmentstoerungen kam es nicht . Die Anwendung des CO2-Lasers zur Therapie des Granuloma pyogenicum stellt eine schnelle und blutarme Behandlungsmethode mit geringen Nebenwirkungen dar und ist eine elegante Alternative zu bisherigen therapeutischen Moeglichkeiten . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Behandlung, Erythem, Narben, Pigmentstoerungen, Therapie Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Dreizehn Patienten wurden wegen eines Granuloma pyogenicum mit dem Dauerstrich- und dem ultragepulsten CO2-Laser behandelt . Der Dauerstrich-CO2-Laser wurde in allen Faellen eingesetzt . Bei 7 Patienten kam zusaetzlich der ultragepulste CO2-Laser zur Anwendung . Bei allen Patienten fuehrte die Behandlung in einer Sitzung zur Abheilung . Als haeufigste Begleitreaktion trat ein transientes Erythem auf . Diskrete Narben waren in 2 Faellen zu beobachten . Zu bleibenden Pigmentstoerungen kam es nicht . Die Anwendung des CO2-Lasers zur Therapie des Granuloma pyogenicum stellt eine schnelle und blutarme Behandlungsmethode mit geringen Nebenwirkungen dar und ist eine elegante Alternative zu bisherigen therapeutischen Moeglichkeiten .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Behandlung, Erythem, Narben, Pigmentstoerungen, Therapie

DerHautarzt.70480402.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Dreizehn Patienten wurden wegen eines Granuloma pyogenicum mit dem Dauerstrich- und dem ultragepulsten CO2-Laser behandelt . Der Dauerstrich-CO2-Laser wurde in allen Faellen eingesetzt . Bei 7 Patienten kam zusaetzlich der ultragepulste CO2-Laser zur Anwendung . Bei allen Patienten fuehrte die Behandlung in einer Sitzung zur Abheilung . Als haeufigste Begleitreaktion trat ein transientes Erythem auf . Diskrete Narben waren in 2 Faellen zu beobachten . Zu bleibenden Pigmentstoerungen kam es nicht . Die Anwendung des CO2-Lasers zur Therapie des Granuloma pyogenicum stellt eine schnelle und blutarme Behandlungsmethode mit geringen Nebenwirkungen dar und ist eine elegante Alternative zu bisherigen therapeutischen Moeglichkeiten . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Dreizehn Patienten wurden wegen eines Granuloma pyogenicum mit dem Dauerstrich- und dem ultragepulsten CO2-Laser behandelt . Der Dauerstrich-CO2-Laser wurde in allen Faellen eingesetzt . Bei 7 Patienten kam zusaetzlich der ultragepulste CO2-Laser zur Anwendung . Bei allen Patienten fuehrte die Behandlung in einer Sitzung zur Abheilung . Als haeufigste Begleitreaktion trat ein transientes Erythem auf . Diskrete Narben waren in 2 Faellen zu beobachten . Zu bleibenden Pigmentstoerungen kam es nicht . Die Anwendung des CO2-Lasers zur Therapie des Granuloma pyogenicum stellt eine schnelle und blutarme Behandlungsmethode mit geringen Nebenwirkungen dar und ist eine elegante Alternative zu bisherigen therapeutischen Moeglichkeiten .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

suspicion is a Mood, nonfunctional P - NET is a Condition, primary CT is a Procedure, hypervascularity is a Condition, MRI is a Procedure

NCT02621541_inc_task0

Sentence: suspicion of nonfunctional P-NET on primary CT (i.e hypervascularity) or MRI signed informed consent Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Condition, Procedure, Mood

[ "B-Mood", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

suspicion of nonfunctional P-NET on primary CT (i.e hypervascularity) or MRI signed informed consent

[ "suspicion", "of", "nonfunctional", "P", "-", "NET", "on", "primary", "CT", "(", "i.e", "hypervascularity", ")", "or", "MRI", "\n", "signed", "informed", "consent", "\n" ]

[ "Condition", "Procedure", "Mood" ]

suspicion is a Mood, nonfunctional P - NET is a Condition, primary CT is a Procedure, hypervascularity is a Condition, MRI is a Procedure

NCT02621541_inc_task1

Sentence: suspicion of nonfunctional P-NET on primary CT (i.e hypervascularity) or MRI signed informed consent Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: suspicion, nonfunctional P - NET, primary CT, hypervascularity, MRI Options: Condition, Procedure, Mood

[ "B-Mood", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

suspicion of nonfunctional P-NET on primary CT (i.e hypervascularity) or MRI signed informed consent

[ "suspicion", "of", "nonfunctional", "P", "-", "NET", "on", "primary", "CT", "(", "i.e", "hypervascularity", ")", "or", "MRI", "\n", "signed", "informed", "consent", "\n" ]

[ "Condition", "Procedure", "Mood" ]

suspicion, nonfunctional P - NET, primary CT, hypervascularity, MRI

NCT02621541_inc_task2

Sentence: suspicion of nonfunctional P-NET on primary CT (i.e hypervascularity) or MRI signed informed consent Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-Mood", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

suspicion of nonfunctional P-NET on primary CT (i.e hypervascularity) or MRI signed informed consent

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[ "Condition", "Procedure", "Mood" ]

Bcl10 is a Protein, IkappaBbeta is a Protein, Bcl10 is a Protein, CARMA1 is a Protein, MALT1 is a Protein, Bcl10 is a Protein, Bcl10 is a Protein, Bcl10 is a Protein, Bcl10 is a Protein

110_task0

Sentence: NF-kappaB inhibition due to PKC-dependent Bcl10 degradation Western blot analysis revealed an up-regulation of phosphorylated-PKC after 24 h treatment of Jurkat T-cells with PMA or HK E. coli (figure 7a), while IkappaBbeta levels remained unaffected (figure 7b). Bcl10 is a signalling protein that acts upstream of NF-kappaB in concert with CARMA1 and MALT1 and has been suggested to directly regulate NF-kappaB activity in T-cells [27]. Therefore, Bcl10 activation was evaluated in both control and PMA stimulated cells after 10 min, 1 h, 6 h, and 24 h using western blot analysis. The Bcl10 levels decreased following treatment with PMA, while in control cells, Bcl10 returned to higher levels by 24 h (figure 7c). This suggests that Bcl10 is involved in the PMA dependent inhibition of NF-kappaB activation. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Protein

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NF-kappaB inhibition due to PKC-dependent Bcl10 degradation Western blot analysis revealed an up-regulation of phosphorylated-PKC after 24 h treatment of Jurkat T-cells with PMA or HK E. coli (figure 7a), while IkappaBbeta levels remained unaffected (figure 7b). Bcl10 is a signalling protein that acts upstream of NF-kappaB in concert with CARMA1 and MALT1 and has been suggested to directly regulate NF-kappaB activity in T-cells [27]. Therefore, Bcl10 activation was evaluated in both control and PMA stimulated cells after 10 min, 1 h, 6 h, and 24 h using western blot analysis. The Bcl10 levels decreased following treatment with PMA, while in control cells, Bcl10 returned to higher levels by 24 h (figure 7c). This suggests that Bcl10 is involved in the PMA dependent inhibition of NF-kappaB activation.

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[ "Protein" ]