The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-10-26 00:00:00

IMPORTANT NEWS FROM MEXICO.

Two ships arrived yesterday at Liverpool from America
---the Oxford, bringing advices from New York to the Ist
inst., and, a few hours afterwards, the screw steam-ship,
Sarah Sands, bringing accounts to the 6th inst.
The advices thus received from Mexico are important,
though the state of affairs, as published in the New York
paper 3, is derived from the Mexican accounts. Letters
from Mexico, under date to the 9th, state that, on the
the Mexican Commissioners declared that the pro-
positions made by Mr. Twist were inadmissible; in con-
sequence of which General Santa Anna convoked a Coun-
cil of Generals, who decided that notice should be given
to General Scott that the armistice was at an end, and ap-
pointed the 9th for the recommencement of hostilities.
On the 6th of September, General Scott addressed a
letter to Santa Anna from Tacubaya, accusing him of
having violated several articles of the armistice, and one
of the charges was that he had not allowed the American
army to obtain supplies from the city of Mexico. General
Scott demanded an explanation, and concludes as follows :
—" I hereby formally notify you, that if I do not receive
the most complete satisfaction on all these points before
12 o'clock to-morrow, I shall consider the armistice as
terminated from that hour." _

To this letter General Santa Anna replied at consider-
able length, and with great severity. He accused General
Scott of having violated the terms of the armistice in
refusing to allow flour from the mills in the vicinity to be
brought into the city, and says that the American wag-
gons were driven out of the city on account of the ob-
jectionable conduct of the officers accompanying them.
Santa Anna also charges General Scott with having
sacked the Mexican towns in the vicinity of the capital,
and robbed and desecrated the churches, and stealing and
destroying articles held sacred by every Mexican. He
condoles by saying he will repel force by force.
General Scott on the Bth attacked the Mill del Rey, or
King's Mill, in the immediate vicinity of Chapoltepec,
and, according to the Diario del Gobierno, and the
Boletin, published at Athsco, near Puebla, the American
army was repulsed, after a short conflict, in which we lost
about 400 in killed, and from 600 to 700 wounded, and
fell back upon Tacubaya.
The account given by the Bolelin represents the battle
to have been the most bloody and severely contested of
the whole war. This, however, is a Mexican account.
It concludes as follows :
"At 10 o'clock the enemy commenced a retrogade
movement, and by two o'clock in the afternoon he with-
drew all his forces to Tacubaya, abandoned the two points
he had occupied, and blew up the house of data, although
some say it was set on fire by a bomb from Chapoltepec.
" It is believed that Generals Twiggs and Pierce di-
rected the attack, and that they put in motion about 8,000
men. It is certain that the fire was more intense and
brisk than at Churubusco.

" It is impossible to ascertain the loss on the other side.
Ours does not amount to 100 killed and 250 wounded.
There are a few missing—nearly all not killed or wounded
retiring to Chapoltepec.
" The enemy according to the confession of an Irishman,
who came over to us in the evening, carried off 500 dead
and 600 or 700 wounded. _ _

" We have to lament the loss of General Leon, since
' dead ; that of Colonel Balberas, of the valiant Colonels
Hueria and Geleati, and of the determined Captain Ma-
teos, of Puebla.

" A Mexican letter announces that Riley and his legion
of St. Patrick, 70 in number, were ordered by the court-
martial to be hung. The sentence was approved by Gen.
Scott, and on the Bth of September the whole legion were
hung in the presence of the army, as also of the enemy."
By some, however, it is doubted whether General Scott
has put to death the re-captured deserters. Another Mexi-
can account states that more than 1,000 Americans re-
mained dead on the field of battle. A report was afloat
that a bomb-shell discharged from Chapoltepec fell among
the ammunition waggons of the Americans, causing them
to explode, by which 300 men, including General Worth,
had been killed. Another account, however, states this
to be false.

The following is the latest of the Mexican accounts from
the capital. It renders it certain that General Scott had
opened his batteries upon the city. The only report of
the result is contained in the following letter, addressed
to Mr. Dimond, at Vera Cruz :

Orizaba, Sept. 19,
I have the honour to inform you that an express arrived
here this evening from Mexico, which brings intelligence
that General Scott was in the city of Mexico. That on
the 14th the American troops took Chapoltepec and the
citadel, and went into the city that night. General Bravo
was killed, and General Santa Anna was wounded in the
arm, and has retired with the remainder of his troops,
which have suffered much, to Guadaloupe.
From this it seems that the attack upon Chapoltepec
was renewed, which renders credible the first statement
that in the attack of the Bth on that town General Scott
was repulsed.
It is stated that the Americans had possession of two of
the streets, but that the troops had suffered severely from
the fire of the enemy stationed in windows and on the
roofs of houses. The American loss since leaving Puebla
is estimated at 3000 men.
General Lane had reached Vera Cruz on the 10th with
2000 men, and started for Mexico ; and General Cushing
was expected. Paredes is stated to be in the state of
Puebla with 6000 men, prepared to prevent reinforcements
reaching General Scott. Government had made no attempt
to arrest his proceedings. He had been appointed Inspector
General of the Puebla National Guards.
INDIA AND CHINA.

On Thursday despatches were received, in anticipation
of the overland mails, which left Bombay on the Ilth ult.
It was stated in our last despatch that a conspiracy was
known to be concocting in Lahore. The British authori-
ties;' being aware of its existence, resolved to crush it in
the bud, and at nine o'clock in the evening of the 20th of
August, Ranee Chunda, the Queen Mother of Dhuleep
Singh, the young Maharajah of Lahore, was taken from
the Palace and conveyed under an escort to Shaikhoopra,
a fort about twenty miles distant, in which former in-
triguing Princesses were confined. The intrigues, in a
political sense, as well as otherwise, of Ranee Chunda
save been notorious. One of the last was her causing her
son the Maharajah to insult publicly Tej Singh,. the Prime
Minister, by refusing to give him the royal mark on the
forehead (called the tiluk) at the time of his installation
as Rajah. The intriguess was at the head of all the dis-
affected in Lahore, and her removal from power will have
the effect of neutralizing many of their schemes—at least
for a time. The Prime Minister. Tej Singh, is a decided
friend of the British, and therefore the object of much
hatred to the ex-Queen and her partisans. The British
officers are on the alert. The troops at Lahore being
highly paid, are to be changed annually, in order to give
equal benefit to the various regiments in the north-west
of India.
Tranquillity continued to prevail on the banks of the
Indus, although some symptoms were exhibited of a wil-
lingness amongst the Belooches of the Hills to resume
their old practice of plundering the plains. Nothing was
known in Bombay of the intentions of Sir Charles Napier.
Much speculation was afloat in consequence of a report
received from England that he was to be named Com-
mander-in-Chief of the army in India on the retirement
of Lord Gough. He has declined a public testimonial,
which some of the officers in Scinde wished to present to
his lady, as being contrary to the spirit of ti.e military
regulations.
The Governor-General was stated to be about to
proceed to Oude, in order to enter into arrangements
with the King, who is described as willing to cede the
sovereignty to the Hon. Company and to retire, upon his
being insured a pension commensurate with his rank.
In the Ralpoot States, Doongur Sing is yet at large,
and fears are entertained of the continuance of his ravages
when the fair season sets in. His brother was lately
captured, and his arrest has had the effect of rendering
the chief bandit somewhat cautious in his movements.
The Nizam's dominions present the same inextricable
confusion as before. The Bank which was struggling into
existence has been arrested in its progress. The Treasurer
of the State refused to accept the orders drawn by it on
his office. Assignments on the revenue of the districts
were next proposed, but the Minister would not consent,
stating the disinclination of the British Resident to sanc-
tion such a circulation as the Exchequer Bills of the
Nizam. The embarrassments of the Government for
money were still as great as ever, and the usual results of
insubordination amongst the troops and disaffection and
confusion among the employe's are seen throughout the
country.
The chief item of intelligence from Bombay relates to
the discussion respecting the memorials sent to the Court
of Directors from the young officers of the Indian navy.
The conduct of Sir Robert Oliver, who has long held the
office
of superintendent, was much canvassed.
The rains, which set in with such fury in the beginning
of the monsoon, had become slack for several weeks in
July and August; but in the beginning of September they
recommenced, and a very favourable season would, it was
hoped, Ensue throughout India.
Our intelligence from llong Kong is to the 25th of
Most, The Peninsular and Oriental steamer Pekia had

arrived on the 16th, with dates from London to the 24th
of June. The news of the Canton expedition in April
having then just been received and published in London,
speculfo;. was rife upon the future, and the next coming
mail v as lo ked to with great interest, as likely to develope
the v: ws Government. All remained quiet at Canton,
but tilt wit.; an uneasy feeling still existing,
The export of tea from the Ist of July amounted to
7,371,0001 b., being 4,000,0001 b. in excess compared with
the same period last year, in consequence, it was said, of
the early arrival of the new teas. Some of the new silk
had arrived at Canton, and as high as 445 dollars had
been paid for Tsatlee. Little was expected to come down
this season.
Exchange on England was 4s. 33d. to 4s. 4d. Freights
to London, £5. Company's accepted bills on Calcutta.
213 per cent.
From Shanghae we have dates to the 10th of August.
Teas were slow in arriving from the interior. A good
demand for long cloths continued. The Belhaven was to
sail on the following day for England with about 1000
bales. The Achilles had arrived at Woosune from Hong
Kong, and the Litherland from Liverpool. The ships in
port were--Francis Burn, John Christian, J. Garnett, and
Sarah Trotman. They were loading very slowly.

On the first of April last, there were in the cellars of
the wholesale dealers in France, no fewer than 18,815,367
bottles of champagne.
" ENVOYS EXTRAORDINARY."—Two black men have
arrived at Paris, as Envoys Extraordinary and Ministers
Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Hayti to France.
A tremendous fire broke out a fortnight ago in the town
of Kostroma, in Russia, situated at the meeting of the
Kostroma and the Volga. It destroyed 500 houses, by
which 7000 persons were deprived of shelter.
THE GROWTH OF A CITY.—The Boston Chronotype
states that the second child born in Cincinnati still lives,
and has not seen middle age, while that city contains
80,000 inhabitants.
SPAIN.—The king has returned to the palace, the Queen
Christina has reached Madrid. Some of the ministerial
papers give most affecting accounts of the manner in which
the Queen received her husband and mother ; but they are
not worthy of credit.
The Malta papers contain a good deal of writing regard-
ing their expected Governor, Mr. More O'Ferrall, whom
they seem to apprehend will. on account of his being a
Roman Catholic, be used as a tool by the Jesuits, whose
conduct is described as peculiarly meddlesome and offen-
sive.

AMERICAN METHODISM.—The decrease of Methodists
within the bounds of the New York conference has been so
great, that a " day of fasting and prayer" has been ap-
pointed on account of it. One of their bishops stated in a
recent address, that there had been a falling off of two
thousand members in the New York conference in one
year; and, in the " whole connexion," a falling off of fifty
thousand within the same period!—Christian Witness.
CURRENTS OF THE ATLANTIC.—At the meeting of
geologists and naturalists in Boston, on Thursday last,
Professor H. D. Rogers read a report from Lieut. Maury,
on the currents of the North Atlantic, which may he of
great importance to navigation. Between New York and
Havre and New York and Liverpool there is only a dif-
ference of one day's sailing in distance, while in time
there is an average difference of nearly a week. This may
be obtained by a knowledge of the currents. In going
from Havannah to New Orleans vessels stem a current of
three miles an hour against them, when they might have
a current in their favour of two miles an hour.—New
York Journal.

FOREIGN CORN AND HARVEST.—Brussels, Oct. 19.—
The official returns of the Agricultural Society on the
produce of the harvest of 1847, are as follows ;—The harvest
was in all the provinces good in wheat, very good in rye,
good in spelt, good in mastlin, good in barley, good in
buckwheat, good in oats, good in greens, middling in
horse beans, good in hay, middling in clover, good in lin-
seed, bad in peas. The produce of this year has exceeded
that of ordinary years, as follows :—Wheat, 937,838 hec-
tolitres ; rye, 1,985,434 hectolitres ; spelt, 392,693 hecto-
litres ; mastlin, 223,702 hectolitres ; buckwheat, 37,201
being total excess, 2,576,882 hectolitres.—Flanders papers,
Oct. 19.
SWITZERLAND.—The accounts received from Switzer-
land are becoming daily more and more serious. The
grand council of the canton of St. Golf voted in favour of
coercive measures for the dissolution of the Sonderbund,
and the expulsion of the Jesuits. This gives the govern-
ment and the Liberal party a majority in the diet, which
was to meet on the 18th, and there is now no doubt that
the diet will at once prepare to enforce its resolutions, so
that we may expect to hear of a decided and hostile move-
ment between the parties. On the other hand the Aus-
trians are preparing to interfere, if they should find a fa-
vourable opportunity. The Austrian troops have already
made a favourable movement on the Tyrol frontier : and
the whole of the Swiss frontier is now lined with troops,
from Lago Maggiore to the Lake of Constance.
THE FINANCIAL CRISIS.—Our Exchange never was in
such a state of excitement as reports from this place have
represented it to foreign journals. It is true that discount
is at 6 and 69 per cent. ; but not from actual want of
money, for there is coin enough at the bank; but for fear
of ricambio (re-exchange), which may be expected in con-
sequence of the numerous foreign failures, the bankers
and merchants who have anything to do with exchange
suffer ready money to lie by unused. It is true that seve-
ral of our houses have been concerned in two or three of
the London failures; but for sums which to them may be
termed inconsiderable ; they have also the Russian houses
to fall back upon, from whom they received the bills, and
if these remain solvent they will suffer no loss eventually.
The house of Pehmoller and Jollens is the only one which
has stopped.—Hamburgh paper.
SPREAD OF THE CHOLERA.—Further accounts from
St. Petersburg say, that according to official authorities,
the cholera continues to advance to the north and to the
west. Cases of this malady have been observed at Orel,
Toula, and even in the village of Pensa, which is situated
only 50 leagues from Moscow, and where four peasants
have been attacked. In the province of Astracan, which
contains 31,300 inhabitants, there have been 5,915 cases,
and 3,131 deaths. The epedemic reigns with great in-
tensity at Tscharno-Jarsk and its environs. At Saratow,
capital of the province of the same name, 2,500 persons
have been attacked, and 1,191 have died. In the country
of the Don Cossacks there have been 12,651 cases, of
which 7,017 have proved fatal. At Charcow 53 persons
have died of the disease ; and at Kursh there were, on the
15th of September, 588 sick. At Woronish, a city con-
taining upwards of 44,000 inhabitants, the cholera ap-
peared on the 4th of September, and since then there have
been 420 cases per day, and 150 deaths. On the 16th
there were in the hospital 1,019 cholera patients, of whom
418 had been attacked the same day ; the number of
deaths on that day had been 152.