The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-02-16 00:00:00

recommending to t

strongest manifestation of their gratitude, the Church Pastora
Aid Society. The rev. gentleman then resumed his seat amic
loud applause.

The Rev. CHAIRMAN then announced that a collection woult

'unds of

the grants made by the society for th-e-syir

teal welfare of Liverpool amounted to something very little
short of £llOO per annum ; whilst the subscriptions from Li-
verpool to the funds of the society did not exceed £5OO per
annum. To be sure they had, with an unusual effort, last year
raised an additional £300,. so that £BOO was all the town had
raised, whilst the society had expended on Liverpool nearly
£llOO. That was not a state of things which the merchants
of Liverpool would allow in any other matter.
The SECRETARY stated that the collections had been greater

last year than on any of the previous years

The CHAIRMAN Was glad-to hear that affairs were looking
up with them—(laughter); but he hoped that they Would not
allow anything which they had heard from the valuable report
which had been read to them, to interfere with their benefi-
cence on the present occasion.
A collection was then taken up, which was liberally sub-
scribed to.

The Rev. Was. Pom.ocx was then introduced to the meeting
by the chairman, and was received with the most marked ap-
plause. He inquired of the meeting what they would think of
him if he began his address by making an assault on their
chairman ? ( Laughter.) But as he had been speaking about
the subject on which he was going to attack him behind his
back; he thought that it would be more honest to do so before
his face. (Hear, hear.) He (Mr. Pollock) thought that he had
not dealt fairly to either himself or the meeting by putting
them off with a ten minutes' speech. ( Hear hear, and laugh-
ter.) However, he hoped that he (the chairman) would make
reparation for the offence after the conclusion, of what he (Mr.
P.) had to say. (Hear, hear.) He was a little _bold to,speak
thus, because he had the honour_ for the first time to stand
forward on.a rublic platform as honorary secretary to the so-
ciety (cheers); and perhaps the novitas regni of his situation

He ( Mr. P.) was quite well aware that the chairman had been
lately engaged in Ireland on duties of the most pressing and
urgent character, and whilst he was there, it was his (Mr.
P.'s) fortune, or misfortune, to represent, him at St. John's
ch ; and after suffering what he did on those occasions, he
titled to a little grace when_ he gave him

a rub in order to induce bun to give unmen a neiping nano
with his speech. (Cheers.) He was glad, however, in the
few observations which he did make on the subject, to
hear him allude to the shallowness of the voluntary system
as compared with the establishment of true religion. (Hear,
hear.) A few days ago, lie was somewhat astonished at seeing
a placard on the walls announcing a meeting of the Anti-State
Church Association. On seeing that placard, his first impulse
was that of a desire to attend that meeting. He did not know
if the spirit of pugnacity was strongly developed in his feelings,
or if it was only a general feeling on the part of all his country-
men (laughter); but certain it was, that lie felt a strong incli-
nation to go. However, he felt gratified that lie did not go—
not that the principles of the Establishment would not bear the
fullest investigation—not that he did not support the tlieory of

e Malin hment, but because he felt with ermine
at the theory, beautiful though it was, had not been carried
tin practice. He believed that he could take Ids bible in
; hand, and Drove from its infallible word that it was the

duty, as well as the privilege—the first duty, as well as toe
highest privilege—of the sovereigns of the world to provide not
merely for the temporal, but also for the eternal—(hear, hear)—
in that holy faith that was once delivered to the Saints—making
the Gospel of Christ resound over the length and breadth of
that space that was d' to him y Him under whom

_ —.in
-
kings govern. (Cheers.) He believed that he could—nay, he
was prepared to defend, from first to last, the tenets of that
Church ; but before he would do so, it would be necessary to
ascertain what the Church of England was precisely. BY the
Church of England he did not mean the clergy exclusively, for
they might as well say that the officers composed the army ar
hat the clerw meant the C--.-'h. (Hear, hear.) By the Churn"

,J 11%.“
te did not mean the mere 'establishment—a word Which he did
not like to hear put forward as meaning the Church. What
did it mean ? It meant simply that in this country she was ap-
proved of by the law of the land, and that endowments to the
Church were also permitted by the law. The establishment
was not the Church. (Hear, hear.) If the establishment was
down to-morrow, the Church would still remain the same. The
establishment was Roman in one country, and Presbyterian in
another, and Protestant in this country. He was quite certain
that the word " establishment" would never represent the.
Church in the World.—(Loud cheers.)—The time was and it
bad not been long gone by, when any professed friend of the
Church, merely meant a friend of the Establishment; and the
best Churchman was he who cried loudest on the hustings--
"Church and State ; " and toasted the same sentiment the ,

most enthusiastically.—(Cheers.)--But be was happy to say
that day had gone by.—(Cheers.)--They were glad to have
an Establishment, if it were freely given to them; but
if by having an Establishment, aye, even the smallest restraint
was to be put on their Christian liberty, then he would scatter
the Establishment to the winds.—(Loud cheers.)—The Church
that he was prepared to defend, was simply the Church of Christ,
which by the great mercy of God had been planted many years
ago, in this country, by an Apostle himself, or at all events in
apostolic time. (Hear, hear, and cheers.) That Church,
which in her eventful history had passed through many
changes, because it was her lot, in common with other churches,
to be brought under the subjection of man. That church had
risen triumphant from the downfall of heresy, which had rea-
son to mourn that ever there had arisen in her bosom false
prophets, who had defiled her unspotted garment ; but that
was the church which had come forth in the days of the 16th
century bright, beautiful, and glorious as the new-born day
emerging from the sombre shadows of night,—(loud cheers,)

—befOre-ihat dull men's eyes had been dirce'cted to the temple
of the Lord ; but there they found that the meretricious offer-
ing of the great sacrifice of Calvary had been turned into the
vile sacrifices of man, and the worship of God had been cast
down to make room for the machinations of fanatical and
idolatrous priest-craft. (Cheers.) The true word of God, and
the humble sacrifice of the spirit, had been overturned, and
the pseudo sacrifices of man to the idols of his own head were
erected in their place ; but in the sixteenth century they were
able, by the blessing of God, to throw down the temple which
man had reared himself, securing the corner stones with
his blood, but to cast the money changers out of it again ; and
bequeath to their ancestors the best legacy that God could give
unto man—a legacy which, with the divine blessing, they would
hand down in all its pristine purity to their children.—(Cheers.)
The rev. gentleman concluded a very elo4uent address, by de-
fending the principles of the Pastoral Aid Society, and also by
making an ardent appeal to the meeting on its behalf.
The Rev. CHAIRMAN then delivered a short address, in the
course of which he playfully alluded to Mr. Pollock's remarks.
The meeting then terminated.

ETING OF JOURNEYMEN BAKERS.

Last night, a meeting of the working bakers of this town and
Birkenhead was held in the Portico, Newington, for the pur-
pose of devising measures to shorten their hours of labour, and
thereby to better their condition, not only physically, but
morally. The attendance was numerous, the whole body of the
room, and part of the gallery, being filled. Most of those present
appeared in their, working clothes, and not a few of them with
visages to correspond in floury paleness, the result, of their
protracted hours of labour at a calling well known to be rather
unwholesome.

Mr. CARLISLE (of the Guardian Society) was called to the
chair, and, after explaining the objects in view, expressed a
hope that a plan would be proposed which would bring about a
reduction of their hours of labour. He was glad to find that
they did not seek a rise of wages, but—a nobler object—a
reduction• of their hours of labour, so that they might be
enCbled to cultivate their minds, as well as to preserve their
health.

niompsoN proposed the first resolution, to the effect
that the present daily work of from 14 to 20 hours a-day was
inst the physical health of the bakers; and he supported the
i energy and effect.
sit seconded the motion with equal vigour and
of language, urging upon his fellow workmen the ne-
cessity of temperate habits and unity. _

The motion was unanimously carried.
Mr. Coo PER moved a resolution to the effect that the long
hours of labour of the bakers was not only injurious to their
bodily health, but prevented their intellectual, religious, and
moral improvement. This he urged in an animated and be-
coming spirit.

Theinotion was ably seconded by Mr. Howz, and carried

Mr. REED moved, in effect, that those emplOyers who were
satisfied with twelve hours' labour a day were placed in an un-
due position in competition with those who exacted much
longer hours, andlhat an uniformity to the minimum stated
would not injure the fair trader or the public. He gave some
valuable statistics, but we regret we have not room to report

Mr. O'CALLAGHAN ably seconded this, and it was also car-
ried unanimously. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

The CHAIRMAN (the intended resolutions being disposed of)
urged the workmen to bind themselves together, and felt as-
sured they would thereby gain their pOint, which was at once
just to themselves and injurious to none.
Mr. REED suggested the establishment instanter of an asso-
ciation of his fellow. workmeu, for mutual support and protec-
tion from grievances, in conjunction with similar societies in
the other large towns of England and Scotland, from whom
they bad received overtures of unanimity of action, so as to
render the movement national. lie proposed that each man
should put down 6d. at once to defray expenses, and that after-
wards he should contribute ld. a week. This proposition was
received with enthusiasm, and many of those present enrolled
their names as members.

Thanks were cordially passed to the chairman ; future meet-
ings were resolved upon ; and the meeting, which was perfectly
harmonious, and highly creditable to the parties throughout,
quietly dispersed.

ANNUAL DINNER OF THE LIVERPOOL

GUARDIAN SOCIETY

The twenty-fourth anniversary dinner of this society took
place on Friday evening, at Eastwood's, the Royal Hotel, Dale-
street. The annual report was distributed amongst the mem-
bers, and was of a highly gratifying nature. The sub-com-
mitttee had, during the year, issued upwards of 32,000 circu-
lars, giving notice of upwards of 630 persons, who had been
guilty of actual or attempted frauds. The most prominent
subjects which had engaged the attention of the committee
during the past year were—the supply of water, and the esta-
blishment of district county courts for the recoVery of small
debts. The committee congratulated the community on the
appointment of Mr. Rowland Hill to an important position in
the General Post-office, and recommended their successors to

watch the bills of the 'Liverpool Gas-light Companies, and the
Guardian Gas Company.
The company, to the number of about 150, sat down to an
excellent dinner, and was honoured by the presence of our
worthy chief magistrate, G. H. Lawrence, Esq. The chair was
occupied by James Denton, Esq., the president of the society,
and the vice-chair by R. Crossley, Esq. Amongst those also
present were—Rowland Hill, Esq., J. A. Tinne, Esq., James
Procter, Esq.' William Walthew, Esq., 'John Smith, Esq.,
David Evans, Eso.. Franri% Venn_ R.. _ _lnhn

v coo, c,v,0., Julln vv ren, r.sq., J.
Reay, Esq., Cottam, Esq., of Manchester, Alexander White,
Esq., J. B. Rigby, Esq., William Procter, Esq., Robt. Procter,
Esq., &c.
After dinner the Secretary read letters of apology from our
borough representatives in parliament, and a number of other
gentlemen.
7he respeQtive toasts of the Queen, as " Duchess of Lancas-
ter," and of Prince Albert, were enthusiastically received. The
Army and Navy followed, and glees succeeded each toast.

Mr. JOHN SMITH, in proposing 'The Members for the
County," paid a high compliment to both, and especially to
Mr. Brown, with whom of the two alone he was acquainted—

noticed his position as a merchant, his affability, his munifi-
cence to the public charities, and his general industry and at-
tention in all matters conducive to the public. The toast was
warmly received.

"The Membi
thusiasm.

for the Borough," was drunk with great en-

The CHAIRMAN proposed the health of G. H. Lawrence, Esq.,
chief magistrate, and the Town Council, to whom the society
were under great obligations. (Three times three.) _

The MAYOR, in returning thaiiks, expressed hI; admiration
of the many excellent services the society had rendered to the
community, and hoped it might long continue to flourish, and
act as a protection to the honest and industrious, and a terror
to the swindler and impostor. He was gratified at being ena-
bled to pay his respects to the tradesmen of Liverpool, and re-
gretted that the famine in Ireland had pressed with severity
upon the industrious ratepayers of the town, but he hoped the
measures of the legislature would relieve them, not pecuniarily,
but by making some alteration in the law of settlement. lie
believed the tribute of respect paid to him, was in reality
paid the office he had the honour to hold, and the body he re-
presented. He believed there never was a time when the
Council was more deserving of respect than at present, for all
parties and creeds were united together for the promotion of
the public good. He delighted in the labours of the office, al-
though those labours had been greatly increased by the Sana-
tory Act, which was now sliding gradually into usefulness.
The Council bed a right to divide with them the title of the
Guardian Society of Liverpool. (Applause.)
Mr. Jou a; SMITH, of the Mercury office, proposed the health
of Mr. Rowland Hill, which was received with unbounded ap-

Mr. 11CoWLAND HILL,. on rising, was received with marked
applause He alluded to the services of the society in promot-
ing postage reform, adding that it was a mistake to suppose,
that he had a control over some of the most important depart-
ments of the Post-office. He had merely to advise with the
Postmaster General, and to introduce the remaining parts of
his plan as occasion served. He would be glad to consult with
those more immediately connected with the Post-office here, as
to the means of applying remedies for the existing defects in
the postal arrangements of the neighbourhood. Hepaid a high
compliment to the nobleman now at the head of the Post-office
department. He said that now that, letters were pre-paid, of
course but a small proportion were returned to the Dead Letter
Office ; and yet the average amount of money in refused letters
amounts to .#lOO 000 per annum. (Great astonishment.)
Many thousands of pounds were yearly found in letters which
had absolutely no address upon them whatever. The difficulty
of making any extensive change was very great, onc reason be-
ing the Post-office was a machine constantly in motion. It ap-
peared at first sight absurd that letters should be carried pasta
town and come back again; but, in point of fact, it was not
absurd, but a necessary state of things. The 'difficulty arose
from the impossibility of every town in thekingdom making up
a bag for every other town. There were WOO towns intheking-
don], and if each town made up a hag for each other town, no
less than a billion bags would be required. (Laughter and ap-
plause.) In making these remarks, he hoped the meeting,
however, would not suppose that he had become the apo-
logist of defective postal arrangements. He stated he merely
wished, as he had always done, to do the Postoffice justice.
To show the increase in the number of letters which had arisen
from the penny postage, Mr. Rowland Hill mentioned that
immediately before its introduction, the number of letters de-
livered in the United Kingdom was seventy-five millions per
annum; last year it amounted to two hundred and ninety-nine
and a half millions. (Loud applause.) This was four-fold.
It would require about five-fold to yield the gross revenue
given before, but the number was annually increasing; last
year exhibited an, increase of twenty-eight millions as com-
pared with the, lons one. The number of post-offices bad
also been nea ed; there were now as many letters de-
livired within a cumference of twelve miles round the post-
otifee of St. -Martin's4e,Orand, as werelbrrnerly delivered. hi;
thewhole kingdom. (Hear, aed applause.)Now there was_en-
town of importance which had not mails twice a day. R,
turning thanks for the compliment which had, been paid, Mr.
Hill sat down amid loud and long-continued applause.
The health of the Town-clerk was drank with great applause,
and the Mayor, in returning thanks, highly complimented that
active office. -A number of other appropriate toasts were drunk
with equal enthusiasm, and the company separated shortly
before twelve.

SHOCKING CA

OF SUFFOCATION.--JOhll Sedman
and Thomas Harrison, two men in the employ of Messrs.
Hotham and Danby, brewers, Walmgate, in York, went
to bed in a room, contiguous to the brewery, on Wednes-
day night week; there was one of Walker's Phcenix stoves
in the room, and Sedman, on retiring to bed, put some
fuel on the stove fire, but neglected to replace the stove
cover' which he had removed to put the fuel on. The
direful consequence was, that there was a large _ escape of
carbonic acid era

on a fellow-servant going at one
,o'clock on the following morning to call the two men up,
he found the room filled with noxious vapour which put

-1, me lighted candle in his hand, and on going to the
bed where the two men slept, he found Sedman quite
dead, and Harrison in a state of insensibility. Medical
attendance was speedily procured, and Harrison's life was
vs.._ •

preserved until Simday; when he expired.
DEATH IN THE SNOW.—The snow storm, which has
affected the whole country nearly, has been most severely
felt in the vicinity of Bath and Bristol, which is composed
of a mountainous country, and in which neighbourhoods
the snow drifts have an many places been very deep and
extensive. many parts the drifts have been more than

five or six feet in derith. On Thursday, as some persons
were passing up Brentree-hill, in the neighbourhood of
Westbury-on-Trym, and within two miles of the city of
Bristol, they discovered the body of an aged man, an agri-
cultural labourer residing in the neighbourhood, nearly
buried in the snow. The body was quite cold and stiff,
and he had evidently been dead for some hours. A loaf
of bread was found under his arm, from which it is con-
jectured that on the previous night he must have been
making his way up the hill, and having been probably
overcome with% fatigue, and lost his way, the unfortunate
man sank in the snow, and perished from the inderaencY
of the weather. •