The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-11-24 00:00:00

LATEST FO REIGN AND AL NEWS

INDIA.
THE OVERLAND MAIL.
We have received, by extraordinary express from M.
seilles, our despatches in anticipation of the Ovens
Mails from both Bombay and Calcutta. The dates s
front Calcutta to the Btb, and from Bombay to the 15th
October.

The Bombay mails of the 15th of October bring im-
portant intelligence. The British troops in the north•
western provinces of India are in movement
quence of the difficulties in which the ne
Gholab Singh, is placed. In conformity with the k
sions of the treaties of last Marsh, he, during
months, has endeavoured to obtain possession of the
of Cashmere ; but he has encountered unexpected of
sition from Sheik Etnaam-ood-Deen, the son of one of
own old confederates. who has governed that dist
during many years. The Sheik has raised the star"
resistance to Gholab; the latter sent a force
him, but the Cashmerian moan
forces and slew the commander.
Deen has assumed the title of Emir-
him attempted to re aka it a religioe 7
whether under Gholab or undo
The Mahommedan trib.-
disposed to support the EL
Cashmere is known as a n.
north-westward of the PunjauL
tile, and the inhabitants have 1 g been cete
their industry.

in come
w Alabaraiab

ineers beat Gho

Sheik Emaum

t celebrated tract to
It is healthy and

anTd h7eo eiant ent-
breadth o f e. ash C
Im we raes
ai s about n
nexel2
d t
otoh
emDec
o:kire by Ahmed Shah in 1752, and in 1819 Run;,,,,,,subdued it by intrigues, and governed it by Mahomme-
dans ; after the defeat of the Sikhs in March lest, it wz
ordered to f,rm a part of the kingdom which the Gavel
nor-General conferred on Gholab Singh. The Vale c
Ca,limere has seven passes, through which it may be en
tered ,• they are scarcely passable for even horses
son of the old Governor may seize these passes
Gholab during the winter months, that is, until
While thus embarrassed by his new and refractory
jects, Gholab applied to the British authorities, and
have sent a force of 6.000 men, under General Whe
from the Jullunder Doab to occupy Gholab's cap
while he proceeds with all his forces to put the rebel
down. To render the matter more singular, the Brit
have persuaded the Government of Lahore to aid Gho;
by despatching 10,000 men to the passes of Cashmere.
The son of the old Sikh Emaum-ood-Deen, who w..
long a servant of the Lahore Government, is supposed to
be influenced by intrigues set on foot to injure Gho
who is hated for his treachery, by the Governmen
Lahore

es in len

and dr

There is no doubt of the double defeat of Gbolab, and
the latest intelligence is that the Emir is making prepare_

- - lions to resist, and that the British are about to move to-
however, from authority upon which we can rely, that th;
wards Cashmere. The winter is a fearful season in the
five lodgements of this company are capable of yielding
upwards of four million gallons daily; and that recent ex. i passes, and it is apprehended that but little can be done in
t
periments made by the company have clearly shown that them till May next, if the Emir makes the anticipated
this yield might be greatly increased at a trifling coat. resistance.
We are assured, moreover, by men of experience, and The Nazim of Moultan, a Hiudoo, who farmed that
intimately acquainted with the geological strata of Liver. district from Runjeet Singh, is also causing trouble to the
pool, that this could be done without at all drawing injo. I Lahore Government, and refuses to receive their troops
riously upon the springs. I into his forts. At the end of last year when ordered to
have 60,000 men ready to oppose Sir Charles Napier, he
We are not in a condition to speak with so much cer-
tainty with respect to the yield of the Bootle springs; coolly told the Lahore rulers that he would not, for be
but suppose them to be half that of the Harrington Corn- j preferred the English rule to theirs.
piny, to very moderate estimate, certainly,) this will give It is therefore supposed that Sir Charles Napier will
six millions of gallons daily as the :quantity which the ere long have to move troops up the Indus towards Bha-
companies together could supply. If to that is added the wulpore, and perhaps even to take possession of Moultan,
•yield of the Green lane establishment, which will be at which is the great entrepot for trade with Affghanistan
least another million, we thus find an immediate available and all the surrounding districts.
supply of upwards of 7,000,000 gallons per diem. Sup- Scinde is tranquil and healthy. Sir C. Napier remains
posing our population to be 300,000, this would give rather at Kurrachee. The withdrawal cf some native regiments
more than 23 gallons per diem to every inhabitant—a I was spoken of. Her Majesty's 17th regiment was about
greater quantity of pure spring water than is (supplied i to have volunteers taken frem it, and then to embark
to the inhabitants of any other town in Great Britain. for Bombay and afterwards tor England.
This may not suffice to satisfy the thirst of the more A bloody revolution has 'taken place at Katmandoo,
ardent hydropathists. It must be borne in mind, how. the capital of °+:e of the most powerful Indian States.
inha-
bitants. The paramour of the Queen of that country was
assassinated by a faction r he was a man of low birth.and
ever, that there are fanatics on more subjects than one. Nepaul has long been notorious for its fierce, wild inha-
What we want is a cheap, abundant, and, if possible, an(
habits. To avenge his death she procured the massacre
immediate supply. Now, cheap eater we have shown, I
cannot be had from Bala Lake. Abundance there is not, '
and never will be, at Rivington Pike. And the most en-
of the Prime Minister, and of hundreds of other influen-
thusiastic advocate of either scheme must acknowledge tial persons. She is the second wife of the Maharajah,
that, before it could be made available, several years and she is jealous of his eldest son by a former marriage.
(four or five, at least,) must elapse; and, during that Her husband has fled, and there is a prospect of more
time, who shall predict that our town will not be visited carnage in that wretched country.
by one or many of those calamitous conflagrations which The Nizam's dominions present the usual picture of in-
have obtained for it such unenviable notoriety throughout i extricable confusion, arising from bad financial arrange-
the world, and which an immediate abundant supply of
menu.water might have averted.? The Government of India has re-opened the Five per
There is no more important consideration for the Com. Cent. Loan. The notice was published in Bombay on the
mittee than this fact that, whereas the adoption of either 14th of October, and within twenty-four hours all the
the Rivington Pike or the Bala scheme would involve public securities fell ten per cent. A sort of panic has
several years of continued endurance of our present deft-
seized the holders of the Company's paper.
ciency of supply, and its deplorable consequences upon There was much anxiety about the ;it:
the security of the property and health of our population, Bombay, who was expected without much delay.
the supply from the facilities possessed by the existing David Pollock, the new Chief Justice, had arrived, bee
companies, could be broughtat onceinto operation—even would not take the oaths until the departure of his pre-
as early as the first of January, when the Sanatory Com• deeessor, Sir H. Roper, on the 2d of November.
mittee enters upon the discharge of its important dutiei. Theimh
cimpaired, u
restless healthpa d dissoluteoanifred
the
and
be m
superintendent m
uob sof Canton have heel;
tfollow f
eof
wa the
the
vt
oe
a example Indian
malignant
The
of
The proper step, therefore, to he adopted by the Sans- wa'
tory Committee, we submit, would be forthwith to. place Sir Georec Arthur, and soon retire from
othe heats of
themselves in communication with the companies for a India.
purchase of their works. In any case, that step must The
ultimately be taken ; for Parliament will surely make it even more than usually busy in keeping
a sine qua non in the granting of any new acts, that lull feeling towards foreigners, and 'fears
have been enter-
justice has been done to the ow.:er.; of existing rights. tained that they might lead to another outbreak •
, but
The Water Company ought to be met at once in hitherto the demonstration has been confined
to
a liberal spirit, and called upon to sell their works, flagrant threats against the Fankwai, in the shapemo ostf
according to the terms of their Act of Parliament. plackarda plentifully posted in the neiehbourhood of t li
It is idle for any individual to talk about the exorbitant factories—a species of warfare to which the Chinese are
price demanded. The price which they may demand is addicted, and with which, fortunately, they generally rest
of little consequence. They are compelled to take the satisfied. Lately, they seem seriously to have designed
value of their works, the amount to be ascertained by more serious doing, but could not succeed in enlisting the
competent arbitrators. This we repeat they are fully en- people of the suburbs in the cause.
titled to; and the Council can have no objections to sub. THE BOMBAY MARKET.
mit such question of price to the ordeal of arbitration. (From the Overland Price Current.)
There ought to be no second opinion on the subject. BOMBAY, OCT. 15, 1846.—The business in imports
In making the foregoing remarks we have been actuated since our last has been limited in amount, the preparations
lay but one motive; viz. the desire of seeing the town --- " for the Dewallee holidays, which
and will not terminate till the 24th instant, having a good
deal interfered with commercial operations. The market
has been generally steady, and but little variation in prices
appears to have taken place. Favourable accounts con.
tinue to be received from the major part of the agricu/
tural districts.

Governor of

in possession of a greatly increased supply of good water
at the least possible cost and with the least possible de-
lay. Should the Committee act upon our suggestions
with promptitude they will, we are sure, earn for them-
selves the gratitude of the whole community ; by acting

otherwise trey must calculate on a different res'ult-. Hav:
ing adopted the proposed course the Committee could
afford to take breathing time. They would glean expe-
rience themselves in matters connected with water works;
and they would not be precluded hereafter from adopting
any other more comprehensive scheme which might pre-
sent itself as desirable or become necessary.

The supply of tonnage having been somewhat scanty,
while shippers have increased in number, freights to Great
Britain have materially advanced. The present rate i
£4 per ton, below which no tonnage is to be obtained
To China there is little doing, and th
5 per candy for cotton.
MOSEY MARKET

a rate is so

Subjoined are the nominal rates of government pape
The notification which was yesterday issued. intimatit
the re-opening of the Five per Cent. Loan of 1841, h

Five per Cent. Loan of 18
Four ditto ditto 1832-3
Four ditto ditto 1835-36
Five ditto ditto 1841.42
Four ditto ditto 1842-43

Rs. 10e

~ :': to 90

1X CHANGE

The rate on England has somewhat advanced since our
last, and may be quoted to-day at 11/d. to Is. 118 d.
for bills st six along's, and ls. Nu. for dratfts at 30days'
sight. On Calcutta the rate at 30 days is 99/ rs.

PORTUGAL.
FOUR DATE LATER FROM LISBON

The Polyphemus, steam-sloop of war, Commander
M'Cleverty, arrived at Portsmouth, on Saturday evening,
in four days, from Lisbon, with despatches for government.
The city was quiet. No action bad taken place, up to the
16tb, between the Royal forces, under Saldanah, and the
insurrectionists. In fact, an impression prevailed that
the belligerents would take the advice of Colonel Wylde,
-and-sett/0 tliair disputes without an appeal to arms.
The story about the America frigate's disaster at Oporto
is altogether discountenanced by this arrival. Though
eight days, and more, had elapsed, nothing had been heard
at Lisbon as to such a disaster ; it was pretty well known,
indeed, that a ship of the America's tonnage—a cut-down
74—could not get over the bar of Oporto.
Sir William Parker's squadron was at anchor in the
Tagus on the 16th. The force consisted of the Hibernia,
Trafalgar, Superb, Albion, Rodney, Canopus, Rattler,
Cyclops, and Phenols. The Nautilus had got under weigh,
just as the Polyphemus left, for Oporto, but anchored at
Belem, on account of adverse wind.

RATHER IMPRODENT.—The Mercury complains of
what he considers the numerous portraits of the Rev.
Hugh M`Nelle. All eminent men are liable to the im-
poi (unities of artists and friends, anxious to possess their
portraits. One of the editors of the Mercury—perhaps
the writer of the paragraph—lns himself been honoured a
few times in this way ; and with great consideration for
the public, allowed various of his portraits to be exhibited
in his own shop window, when extraordinary potatoes,
curious turnips, and other kindred productions of nature
have been scarce.

CA mrnINE LAMM—Messrs. Kurtz and Kei.Phtly arc
disposing of the whole of their woblc of tamps, and ata
the improvements they have made in them, render this
light equal to gas, they are admirably suited to subur•
ban residences. _

THE INFANT SAPPHO.—This interesting child has
been engaged to sing at the Adeiphi Theatre this evening
and Friday, in conjunction with the Tyler Family, and on
Thursday evening they will give a concert et Birkenhead.
We have frequently, spoken of the extraordinary powers
possefsed by this
child, who is truly "nature's oven obild
of music."

A NIGHT IN THE EMT lALD ISLE —This excellent
entertainment, which hut been so
highly spoken of by the
leading provincial press, will be repeated on NrcdneAday
and Friday evenings next. Mrs. Phillip is int only a
Laleuted vocalist, but she
possesses power of elocution
and vivacity of deieription that renders bee entortainme4
boat pleating and Intglleetatti•
A

ettcratu 1: E.

N OT IC

ary, 1846

a 1,1i.,1 V

covrrea w

Ise of ii
ain F►'z

nil Chi i-tlatk .1 ts

to ffect

y f

where t very ,tort keeper Hu

th presence ft tl,

trali from the nvetith

rested pees,
efforts to b.

'WA that W e

than that of Korc.r

T e hest

more nurnermts - nearly

riv to ext.

Iv prt bat.

New Zea

1 fi. Waite, 2i,

h was indis-

awkw,.r

mull' .

C

h ei,t ilf• I

work in both

ation of hear-

immediate

ture of the diffi

r during his period

alative enthusiasts

pr country upon a
r principle. They
3( and from the
privilege of pur-

; and, in return, they
'tile it without expense
ti were next parcelled
the tide of emigration
xvec,antl of a new Et

ever, it was

was rather

the right

ndisposed

field up possession
broil and dissen-
uth compelled the
-e of procuring an

arties,and

e oosoble destruction
of the settlers. Ac-

LI an appanage of the

recd upon between the
culled the treaty of
.-ndrrea their fealty to

ider►ook to see jos-

claims equitably

Hobson, Captain
L•hip, and entered

Off

fixing his

,d. In doing so, he
he Company and its
.e in another part of

s of their own

These are de-
;t to Auckland.

id disappointment

a of Wellington were

to be sheltered

Ls a 1 ,ng narrow entranc

It is nearly sur-
; and appears to
iediate neighbour-

present generation
n should have bee,

on the part of
to be found in

t a collision

ices. which

state of

Isit to Wellington

allay the hostile
the white and

micable settle-
land near Poit
ed persons that

.erore he prosperity

fiance of peace,
nd policy dictated

plain y as right principle,
tr,,vt ried at that time,
rs were then so eager for

t th it

e u to cultivate the

A. man is

coaches con over hinr

months-300 dollbi

either would they believe
tor cultuvation at the point

.nres 'tending to bring on
...sin. air' Aaiun..., oilatillarly ota-
whern• ti e feeling of ani-

yrs that the permanent
tattered out

lers— was

lsed to give the

detachment of

anxiety for a

to heir,r;

partly with ti

pvtythe 1111 ives and

and round

t tor the general g

he vicinity of
ket with their

native abi

i.rd by native compe-
mer was interested in

srparate an occasional

with which inte-
ot tiers. Had their
[. there cannot now

ker

lr ligtjvf

exemplary firmne,s and judgment; and displayed an
amount of moral courage which it would be well if some
of his revilers possessed. We shall d übtless hear the re-
ply. of some of those parties shortly after parliament meets.
In the meantime we cannot but compliment Captain
Fitz-Roy upon the excellent taste displayed throughout
his whole pamphlet. Some men, circumstanced like
himself, would have cisplayed considerable and natural
soreness, and perhaps acrimony of tone. The gallant
to remark upon the captain, boa ever, has preferred laying before the public a
rs of this colony—a plain unvarnished statement of the whole circumstances
rave been man,ged ; of his late position in the colony, and leaving that public
e been made againstto form its own judgment upon his conduct therefrom.

VA RIETIES

,shing business by letting post

n comm

suits for d

'ed 1,172 dollars in the last nin
n an a-t

e atone.—American Pa-

I the British Per•
I hear of his Bollingbroke left on
,nabled so long published by Malt
a many impedi- when asked bis opt
in New Zealand scoundrel ! who spent his life in charging a pop-gun
hich his remon- against Christianity, and a coward! who afra dof the re-
'ort, have been Port of his own gun, left half-a-crown to a hungry Sc"
man to draw the trigger after his death."
be I MODERN LITERATURE.—Few men n'
he rennvat of they write --npnce i' "'

fidel publications t

, a brother un
ion of
,this

Dr. Johnson

y, exclai

pink before

The consequ, is that a great proportion
of our modern literature is of the very flimsiest description

—vivid sometimes, and not without sparkles of genuine
din taking that humour; but so ill constructed as to preclude the possi-
mea.ure enables bility of its long existence. No one is entitled to reject
rayon! ing, how- models, unless he has studied them and detected their
our readers, we faults; but this is considered by far too tedious a process
Josition of affairs for modern ingenuity. We are thus inundated with a
in Fitz•ltoy en- host of clever writers, each relying upon his peculiar and

jesting—for that is the humour of the time
—against each other, and all of them forsaking nature,
and running deplorably into caricature.—Btackwood.
VINEGAR EELS.—The little eels found occasionally in

vinegar are well known. Some persons suppose that they
are to be found at all times in that liquid, when sought
for with a microscope. This, however, is not the case.
It is only vinegar that has been kept some time, and
which has become bad, that gives birth to them. What
is more, they will not live lone in good vinegar. This I
ascertained on one occasion, when, on adding fresh vine-
gar to some that had been given me by a friend full of
these eels, their motions from that day became more and
more languid, and in a fortnight's time they were all dead.
Previously to this, I had kept them several weeks in the
same vinegar in which they bad been brought to me.
wt... these eels are immersed in sweet oil. or proof

spirits, their motions are much impeded, but vitality is
not immediately destroyed.—Jenyn.
TEMPERANCE IN CANA DA.—I was agreeably surprised
to find at this remote post that only one soldier drank
anything stronger than beer or water ; arid of course very
little of the former, owing to the ex .er.se of transport,
was to be had. The soldier that did drink spirits did not
drink to excess. How did all this happen in a place
where drunkenness had been prove. brat ? The soldiers,
who were of the 82nd regiment, had been selected for the
station as married men. Their young commanding offi-
cer patronised gardening, cricketing, boating, and every
manly amusement, but permitted no gambling. He
formed a school for the soldiers arid their families, and,
in short, be knew bow to manage them, and to keep their
minds engaged ; for they worked and played, read and
reasoned; and s*ibisky, which is as cheap as dirt there,
was not a temptation which they could not resist. In
winter he had sleighing, snow-shoeing, and every exer-
cise compatible with the severe weather and the very deep
snow incident to the station. 1 feel persuaded that, now
government has provided such handsome garrison libra-
ries of choice and well-selected books for the soldiers, if
a ball-alley, or racket-court, and a cricket-ground, were
attached to every large barrack, there would not only be
less drinking in the army, but that vice would ultimately
be scorned, as it has been within the last twenty years by
the officers. A hard-drinking officer will scarcely be
tolerated in a regiment now, simply because excessive
drinking is a low, mean vice, being the indulgence of self
for unworthy motives, and beneath the character of a gen-

tleman. To be brought to a court-martial for drunken-
ness is now as disgraceful and injurious to the reputation
of an t fficer, as it was to be tried for cowardice, and,
therefore, seldom occurs in the British army. The vice
of Canada ia, however, drink ; and temperance societies
will no: mend it. Their good is very equivocal, unless
combined wi It religion, as there is only one Father Ma.
thew in the world, nor is it probable there will be ano-
ther.—Bonnycastle's Canada and the Canadians.
SIR WILLIAM FOLLETT ON MASONRY.—Tbe future
Attorney-General bad been for many months called to
the Bar when we again met. This was early in 1826.
He then spoke calmly, but feelingly, of the professional
jealousy which existed among those to whom he was now
affiliated. " Players' rivalry," said he, "is a joke to it.
You can have no conception of its extent or srtength, un-
less you yourself belonged to the prof ss on." He then
reverted to past scenes and mutual friends; and in the
course of conversation, I inferred, from a passing remark,
that he had become a Mason. 1 asked if my conclusion
was correct. "It is," was his reply : " I was initiated
at Cambridge." Light bad not then beamed upon
myself; and I expressed in scoffing terms my astonish-
ment. "In your early strug_les at the Bar," remarked
he, with quiet earnestness, " you require something to
reconcile you to your kind. You see so much of bitter-
ness, and rivalry, and jealousy, and hatred, that you are
thankful to call into active agency a syrtem which creates

in all its varieties kindly sympainy, e.o uta‘ atm
spread benevolence, and brotherly kite." " But surely,"
said I, " you don't go the length of asserting that Ma-
sonry does all this ?" . " And more I The true Mason
thinks_ oq_ewil of his brother,...and__eherialies KlaaLana.
against him. The system itself annihilates parties. And
as to censoriousness and calumny, most salutary and
stringent is the curb which Masonic princ'ple duly carried
out, applies to an unLridled tongue." " Well! well! you
cannot connect it with religion : you cannot, say or do as
you will, affirm of it that Masonry is a religious system."
" By-and-by, you will know better," was his reply.
' Now I will only say this, that the Bible is never closed
in a Mason's lodge; that Mains habitually use prayer in
their lodges ; and, in point of fact, never assemble for
any purpose without performing acts of religion :—I gave
you credit,' continued he with a smile, " for being more
thoroughly emancipated tram nursery trammels and
slavish prejudice."—Stray Leaves /rom a Free-mason's
Note-Book.
CLIMATE AND PRODUCTIONS OF CANADA.—Canada
is. as I have written two former volumes to prove, a mag-
nificent country. I doubt very much if Nature has
created a finer country on the whole earth. The soil is
generally good, as that made by the decay of forests for
thousands of years upon substrata, chiefly formed of allu-
vium or diluvium. the deposit from waters, must be. It
is, moreover, fr m Qqebec to the Falls of St. Mary, al-
most a flat surtace, intersected and interlaced by number-
less stret m'. ar.d studded with small lakes, whilst hs lit-