The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1841-09-17 00:00:00

HALE FLORAL AND HORTICULTURAL

SOCIETY.

We have much gratification in announcing that the beau-
tiful and retired village of Hale, in the " far south" corner
of our county, and hitherto one of the most deservedly popu-
lar spots in this vicinity, not only for the superiority of its
cottages and the rural beauties that surround it, but for the
pleasing reminiscences, historical and traditional, called forth
by its venerable Hall, and ecclesiastical intiquities, including
amongst the latter the grave-stone of the gigantic " Wide, '
is destined to become still more attractive each succeeding,
autumn by the establishment of a " Floral and Horticultural,
and (it may be added) Agricultural " Society," chiefly designed
for the encouragement of the cottagers in the neatness and
cleanliness of their dwellings, and the cultivation of their
gardens, as a source of rational, delightful, and profitable
recreation, after the more itn perative labours of the day. The
society has been got up under the auspices of the highly
respected Blackburn family, of Hale Hall, whose kind and
considerate feeling towards their tenantry is the more meri-
torious, is that it is altogether unobtrusive ; and we feel some
delicacy in even simply alluding to the tact, aware, as we
are, that they are of those who " do good by stealth, and
blush to find it tame." They have been co-operated with by
many respectable individuals within and even far beyond the
limits circumscribed, and though the weather was extremely
unpropitious, and the first exhibition from its novelty in that
locality, partook of the nature of an experiment, which many
of the bumbler classes who would otherwise have been com-
petitors, were shy to adventure upon, such was the attend-
ance and the display, that its benevolent promoters may be
said to have made " a decided hit." We should do injustice
were we not to add that this gratifying result was much pro-
moted by Mr. John Nickson, gardener to John Ireland
Blackburne, Esq., of the Hall, M.P., whose professional merits
and attainments we shall have occasion hereafter to notice,
who, we learn, suggested the formation of the society, and to
whose active management in the entire arrangements the
company were mainly indebted for the gratifications of the
day.

The first show of the " Hale Floral and Horticultural So-
ciety" was fixed for Tuesday last. The previous few
days bad been exceedingly fine and sunny. approaching to
sultryness, but with no peculiar indication of an unfavoura-
ble change. Tuesday, however, turned out to be the mei t
discouraging for the intended rural fete. It might be said,
indeed, in the language of Addison—
" The morning lowered, the sky was o'ercast
And heavily, in clouds, brought on the day.
The rain fell in heavy showers, with occasional glimpses that
encouraged hopes of returning brightness, but these were
blighted as the afternoon advanced, (the period appointed for
the exhibition,) and heavy downfalls, accompanied by conti-
nuous peals othunder, took place, with but partial intereois-
sions, until " the witching hour of night." It will readily
be conceived that hundreds who would otherwise have
attended from far and near, were constrained to remain in
their domiciles. not a few of ,whom were, doubtless, under
the impression that a postponement might be decided upon.
As, however, the arrangements had been completed, and
many of the articles to be shown (including cut flowers) were
of a perishable nature, the order of the proceedings could
not well be changed, and the show " came off" under cir-
cumstances peculiarly unfavourable, yet with a degree of eclat
highly creditable to the determined spirit and enthusiasm of
what we may call " the whole country side." Though
" beaten by the wind and battered by the rain," many hun-
dreds congregated at the place of meeting, and the scene be-
came animated and delightful, leaving, indeed, nothing to be
regretted but the absence of many friends, and the necessity
of foregoing, from the dampness of the ground and the con-
tinued heavy rains, one of the most picturesque and enliven-
ing scenes in the intended drama—the dance on the village
green—for which ample preparations had been made.
The tent for the exhibition was pitched on the Smithy
Green, in the centre of the village, immediately opposite the
house of Mr. Allen, surgeon ; the Smithy itself, a somewhat
ornamental building, with a castellated front, forming a
pleasing object in the back ground. It was about 60 feet in
length, gay with flags and banners, furnished with a large
centre table, and tables at the sides. A stage was also erected
at the further end, filled with rare native and exotic plants,
in full flower, the greater part brought from the gardens and
consesvataries of Hale-hall. The pillars and sides were de-
corated with evergreens and flowers, amongst the latter of
which the dahlia was conspicuous. Between the central
pillars ornamental arches were formed of stems of hollyhocks,
with variously-coloured flowers, some of the former from
twelve to fifteen feet in length. The tables were plenished
with a variety of garden and field productions, including in
accordance with the prospectus, of choice fruits, cut flowers,
plants in pots, vegetables and wheat, oats and barley, in
small bundles of fifty stems. The materiel of the first and
second prizes (£1 and 10s. respectively,) were not, however, .
removable to the marquee, though of primary interest to the
company, they being "for the cleanest and neatest cottage,
with the best kept and cultivated garden ;" but the successful
and blamelessly proud competitors were honoured by visits
" at home" by numerous parties throughout the day, all of
whom expressed their high gratification at the order, neat-
ness, and domestic comfor which they displayed, showing to
a high degree, the benefibial effects of the society on the
habits, and already, we may add, the morals of the inhabit-
ants. There was in the tent, and in the village generally, a
delightful comminglement of the wealthy and their bumble
and industrious dependents, exhibiting that kindness and
condescension on the one part, and that respect and grati-
tude on the other, which constitute the best and most en-
durable bonds of society, and which cannot fail to have a
happy and meliorating influence on the latter, long after the
enjoyments of the occasion have passed away. Such meet-
ings, too, by the interchange of opinions, and the information
they afford relative to new modes of cultivation, tend to ex-
cite a desirahle competition in improved varieties of the pro-
ductions of the field and the garden, and thus promote a
taste for the beautiful and useful, the indulgence in which is
not only pleasing in itself, but leaves a gratification behind
which is soothing to the mind, even amidst the occasional
frowns of fortune, and tends to elevate it above the baser
passions of our nature. The bloom of dahlias in stands, on
the centre table, was exceedingly tine, many of them being of
the primest quality, both in size and colour. There were
many other admirable flowers, but the sweetest were eclipsed
by the blooming " Lancashire Witches" who graced the ex-
hibition by their presence. There was, in truth, what, con-
sidering the disadvantages of the day, our neighbours in the
north would term a strong gathering of " honest men and
bonny lasses."
John Ireland Blackburne, Esq., M.P., and his amiable
lady and four daughters, were amongst the distinguished at-
tendants, and remained nearly throughout the whole pro-
ceedings, contributing much to the gratification of all who
were present. We also observed Mrs. Dashwood, Mrs.
Legh, of Lymm, and Miss Emma Legh, the Rev. Gilbert R.
Blackburn and his lady, Christopher Bushell, Esq., of this
town, and lady, Mrs. Wagstaff and daughter, from Grapnell
Lodge, James Molyneux, Esq., Liverpool, Miss Green, Mr.
and Mrs. Ledger, Mr. Gandy, and others.
The judges in agricultural productions were Mr. Longton,
farmer, and Mr. Cuthbert, Liverpool, and in the floral de-
partment Mr. Reed, gardener to C. S. Parker, Esq., of Aig-
burth, and Mr Davies, seedsman, Wavertree. The principal
contributors were C. S. Parker, Esq., H. Moss, Esq., Jo-
seph Gibbins, Esq., Richard Allison, Esq., T. Shaw, Esq.,
Mrs. Fleetwood, of Torbock, Mr. Phythian, and our towns-
man Mr. Gaudy, solicitor. The last named gentleman
brought a variety of interesting productions, including tine
fruits. Living beyond the limits of the society, he could
not compete for any of the prizes, which were awarded as
follows :
For the cleanest and neatest cottage, with the best kept
cultivated garden, the first prize (£1), Betty Hitchmough;
the second prize (10s.) to Wm. and Margaret Hitchmough.
As the cottages, according to the rules of the society, were
open to be visited by the judges at any time after the Ist of
June, the awards were, of course, given as regarded habitual,
and not temporary neatness and order.
Best collection of useful vegetables, fruits, and flowers,
first prize (10s.), Martha Mawdsley ; second (is. 6d.), James
Edgington.
Best bouquet of cut flowers (55.), Martha Mawdsley.
Best stand of dahlias (7s. 6d.), Betty Hitchmough; second
(55.), Thomas Holgrave.
Best window plant, Mrs. Grayson.
Best basket of fruits, Martha Mawdsley.
Best bunch of sweet herbs, Ralph Ashton.
Best cellery, Betty Hitchmough.
Best red cabbage, ditto.
Best white ditto, William Hitchmough, senior.
Best six autumn onions, Betty Hitchmough.
White wheat, in the straw, Gilbert Halsall, Hale Bank.
Red ditto, Richard Halsall, ditto.
Beans, Gilbert Halsall, ditto.
Cabbages, Ditto, ditto.
Yellow oats, Richard Halsall, ditto.
Swedish turnips, Thomas Langshaw, Speke.
Cellery, Mr. Pees.
Plums and pears, Mr. Shaw.
The latter gentleman returned the prizes which he won, for
the benefit of the society next year. We should notice,
amongst the decorations of the tent, a splendid crown, com-
posed of evergreens and flowers, designed and executed with
great taste by Mr. Shaw and Mr. Dutton.
The fine band of Mr. P. Stubbs was in attendance on this
occasion, and played throughout the day a variety of popular
airs. A tent in,lhe form of a veranda, with pillars, arched
between with evergreens and flowers, was erected for their
accommodation, in front-of the large tent, and on the oppo-
site side of the road. It was intended that (as before alluded
to) the villagers should " trip it on the light fantastic toe"
on the lane, and the greensward on each side of the show tent,
but the weather unhappily prevented this interesting part of
the rural sports from being entered upon. It is much to the
credit of Mr. Stubbs and his band that they gave their ser-
vices gratuitously on this first occasion of a floral show at
Hale.

The highly respected pastor of the village, the Rev. Wm.
Stewart, was appointed to announce the respective prizes to
the several competitors; and in the course of the afternoon,
the public having been admitted gratuitously at three o'ciock,
accomplished the arduous task in a most pleasing manner, in
which wholesome admonition and kindly remark was mingled
with facetiousness and go-d humour.
The rev. gentleman said he had been requested to assist in
distributing the prizes to the successful candidates on this
interesting occasion, and he did this with die greater pleasure
and satisfaction, as from his personal knowledge of the. par-
ties, he could vouch that they were deservedly bestowed.
The intention of the society waa to promote industry and
improvement among a class that would be much benefitted
thereby both in body and mind ; for, while the labour em-
ployed in keeping their cottages clean and neat, and their
gardens well cultivated, conduced to their bodily health, their
minds would be opened mid improved by learning to appre-
ciate and admire the usehil and ornamental productions of
their gardens—and from contemplating the works and beau-
ties of nature, be led to look up with gratitude to the great
Author of all—to nature's God. Of incalculable benefit,
then, would this institution, and others of the like nature,
be, in improving the habits and morals of the people, in
making them affectionate in their domestic relations, useful
neighbours to one another, and exemplary members of so-
ciety. Every one must allow the intention was well designed,
and worthy of public support. It must give great pleasure
to the inhabitants of this sequestered and rural spot to see so
many friends from a distance, (notwithstanding the unfa-
vourable state of the weather,) come to give the society
countenance and support by their presence this first day of
its meeting—and no doubt it would be a spur to greater ex-
ertions and further improvements in future years.
In distributing the first prize to Betty Hitchmough,
widow, " for the neatest and cleanest cottage, with the best
kept and cultivated garden," Mr. S. said he must be allowed
to relate a little anecdote respecting this cottage and its in-
mates. Some years back, when the present Earl of Sefton,
(then Lord Molineux,) at a dinner in Liverpool, had occasion
to allude to the neatness and comforts of the labourers' cottages
in this agricultural portion of Lancashire, he mentioned that
the floors were so clean that hecould eat his dinner off them—
and the cottaigers' daughters, in their little short bed-gowns
and neat petticoats, for beauty and symmetry, were perfect
models of the far-famed " Lancashire witches." He must
have taken his ideas from this very cottage and its inhabi-
tants, as he had been in it only a few days previously, and ex-
pressed himself to that effect. The cottage and its inmates
were now, as then, a pattern for cleanliness and neatness,
and may justly be termed a bee-hive of industry.
In distributing a second prize for the same purpose, Mr.
Stewart said he could not but feel some little satisfaction in
the bestowing of it, as the parties (William and Margaret
Hitchmough) were the first couple he married after he came
to Hale Church, now nearly 30 years ago—and from the do-
mestic comfort and happiness this worthy couple have en-
joyed during that long period in their straw-roofed cot, he
had no doubt it would be an inducement for others to follow
a good example.--" to go and dd likewise.
The rev. gentleman proposed in very appropriate terms
the thanks of the meeting to J. Ireland Blackburne, Esq.,
the patron of the society, which was received with enthu-
siasm.

John Ireland Blackburne, Esq. M. P., briefly an d feelingly
replied, to the effect that the society should have every
support in his power ; that he was anxious to promote com-
fort, and order in the cottages of the village, and that the
inmates should enjoy all the advantages contemplated, and
train up their children in habits of industry and economy.
(From the crowded state of the tent at the time, it was im-
possible for our reporter to take notes, but it may be suffi-
cient to add, that Mr. B.'s address was most appropriate,
and was much appreciated by all who heard it.)
Towards the close of the exhibition, extra prizes were
awarded to Mr. Helsby, Mr. S. Jackson, Mr. Robert Elli-
son, Betty Jackson, Betty Winstanky, Ralph Ashton, and
others.
The Rev. Chairman also made handsome allusion to the
liberality of Mr. Stubbs and his band on the occasion. Mr.
S. was not present when the compliment was paid, but after-
wards, we learn, conveyed his respectful acknowledgments. .
On the Rev. Gentleman proposing the thanks of the So-
ciety to Mr. Nickson for his exertions in bringing it to so
successful a result, that gentleman said that what he had
done was for the benefit of the community of Hale, and the
approbation of his services, thus conveyed by the patrons and
subscribers, amply repaid him for all that he had been ena-
bled to accomplish.
Towards the close of the show, Mr. Nickson received a
compliment still more grateful to his feelings. Mrs. Black-
burn went up to him, and stated that she considered from
what she had that day witnessed, that the society would con-
duce greatly to the benefit and happiness of that part of the
country ; that she was much gratified by the exhibition,
which had originated by his exertions, and that great credit
was due to all the parties who had taken an active part in
promoting it, ands particularly to himself. This affable no-
tice of Mr. N. we need scarcely say, was highly gratifying to
his feelings.
Towards dusk, as the rain still continued, the greater num-
ber of the visitors took their several ways to their respective
domiciles far and near; but a considerable number of gen-
tlemen remained at the Child of Hale Inn, where they en-
joyed themselves in social, conversation and conviviality until
a late hour.

[ln our next number will probably appear "A Rural
Ramble in Hale, with some notice of the ancient Hall, the
Church, &c."]

CORRESPONDENCE.

LIVERPOOL JEWISH INSTITUTION.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

Sin,—ln answer to the enquiry of your correspondent
S. F., the Jewish Institution in this town is not in immediate
connexion with " The London Society for Promoting Chris-
tianity amongst the Jews," but is an asylum for poor en.
quirers, where they are sheltered from persecution, supplied
with food and lodging of the humblest description, consistent
with cleanliness and health, and where they are instructed in
the truths of Christianity by an intelligent and pious baptized
Israelite. They are also taught to read and write Hebrew,
English, and German grammatically, the outlines of general
history by Keightly, church history by Dr. Mosheim, Paley's
evidences of Christianity, and the rudiments of some of the
sciences. So that if, by the grace of God, they should be
brought to a knowledge of the truth as it is in Jesus, some
of them may be qualified to enter the Hebrew College, Pales-
tine-place, where they would be trained for missionaries to
the Jews, and others may be enabled to gain an honest live-
lihood by teaching Hebrew and German. No money is ever
given to them by the society, and the food and discipline are
such as generally to guard against impostors.
I shall be happy to afford your correspondent any farther
information if he will call upon me any morning from ten to
eleven o'clock, or he may obtain it from Mr. Lazarus, the
superintendent of the institution, No. 59, Soho-street.
I am, sir, your obedient servant,
4, Sandon- terrace. J. RIGBY.

MIIPP

P.S.—I perceive I have omitted to answer the enquiry of
S. F. as to the mode of obtaining admission. On application
to any two of the following gentlemen, viz., the llevs. Dr.
Tattershall, H. M`Neile, and H. S. Joseph, who are ap-
pointed examiners, they will give the applicant, if they are
satisfied as to his sincerity, an order to the superintendent
for his admission. J. R.

TO THE HON. AND REV. BAPTIST NOEL.
(No. 6.)
Liverpool, 16th September, 1841.
Ray. read the following passage in your pamphlet,
at page 13, with deep regret :—" It has been proposed to
" afford increased facilities for emigration, and every enlight-
" ened friend of his country would rejoice to see this done.
" Let those who have sense and courage seek happier homes,
" if they will, under fairer skies and on less crowded shores."
Oh, sir, this is not language for an INglishman. Rather
would I say, with the amiable poet, Cowper:—
" England, with all thy faults, I love thee still—
My country ! and, while yet a nook is left,
Where English minds and manners may be found,
Shall be constrained to love thee, though thy clime
Be fickle, and thy year most part deformed
With dripping rains, or withered by a frost.
I would not yet exchange thy sullen skies,
And fields without a flower, for warmer France,
With all her vines ; nor for Ausonia's groves,
Or golden fruitage, and her myrtle bowers."
And I cannot but contrast the passage which I have quoted
with that burst of true patriotic feeling which formed part of
a most eloquent speech delivered by a rev. brother of yours,
in this town :—" If you desire to see the humiliation, the
" starvation, the final ruin of your country; you have only to
" cause her to be nourished by some other country—you
" have only to repeal the tax that secures you home-gown
" wheat. But if you wish to keep your mother strong and
" healthy, as well as richly attired and tastefully adorned—if
" you wish to keep England the arbitress of nations, as well
" as the mistress of the seas—if you wish to have her inde-
" pendent in peace, and in a ready preparation for war, (the
" best attitude to secure the continuance of peace,) then let
" her be self-nourished—self-nourished as to wheat—self-
" nourished England—receiving supplies, indeed, when oc-
casional circumstances require it from without ; but still,
" substantially, self-nourished. Gentlemen, cultivate Eng-
" lish and Irish wheat, and cultivate a state of mind which
" derives more pleasure from cultivating an English or an
" Irish field of wheat than a French, or Dutch, or Polish, or
" Russian field. They are all very well, but none of them
" are England. I love the word England, including as it
" does the united empire. IS it lawful to have a preference
" for English manufactures I Doubtless it is so. Is it
" praiseworthy to take a greater interest in the prosperity of
" English than in the prosperity of continental cotton mills?
" Are they desirous of competing with the continental ma-
" nufacturer ? To be sure they are ; and it is right they
" should, and we are aiding them when we cultivate the great
" interests of England and every thing English—English
" manufactures, English machinery, English commerce,
" English sailors, ready and prepared for every occasion and
" every enterprise, alike of bravery and humanity, English
" navy, English army, English church, English constitution,
" securing the splendour and prerogatives of the crown, the
" dignity and hereditary possessions of the nobles, and the
" liberties and' security of the people—English oxen, and
" sheep, and hogs, and poultry—yes, and the best, safest, and
" most nutritious food for all these, ENGLISH CORN. 01i !
" he not deceived by the new-fashioned cant, as if patriotism
" had become a prejudice ! No ; cultivate patriotism in
" wheat ! Patriotism in wheat ! Instead of looking upon
" patriotism as a prejudice, cultivate all that is dear to Eng-
" land—yes, and make the welkin ring with the cheers of
" honest hearts, and hands, and tongues, for England—for
" OLD HOME-FRD ENGLAND !"

And the enthusiastic applause with which these expressions
were received by between four and five thousand persons,
proved pretty clearly that the honest operatives of Liverpool
have yet the ardent and cheering love of country warmly
beating in their breasts, and do not yet possess that " sense
" and courage" which would lead them to " seek happier
" homes under fairer skies, and on less crowded shores."
No, God be thanked, Englishmen are patriotic yet ; and
England is not overpopulated yet, and never has been.
With proper encouragement and fair protection to ker agri-
cultural interests, she can grow corn enough, and to spare.
Tou give the following as a proof that no more labourers
can be employed on the land—page 33 !—" The land is al-
" ready so thoroughly cultivated, that while the number of
" families in Great Britain employed in agriculture in 1821
" was 978,656, the number employed in the same manner in
" 1831 was reduced to 961,134. The land, therefore, cannot
" employ the additional population." The above circum-
stance can be very easily accounted for, and in accounting
for this I feel assured that the cause of much of the distress
in the manufacturing districts at the present time will also
be accounted for. During the last twenty years the manu-
facturing interest have had an unnatural stimulus given them
by the too ready mode of their obtaining help through joint-
stock banks, and this has placed them in a false position,
and led them into too large speculations and to over-manu-
facturing ; while, at the same time, the agricultural interest
has received too little support or encouragement in this way.
I think I may say with safety, that there are hundreds of
farms in the United Kingdom which could profitably em-
ploy more labourers if they had capital to enable them to
do so.
Your attractive description of the beauties of a manufac-
turing town is truly curious and rare, and it has been left
solely to yourself to conjure up such a description. It is
really almost like attempting to turn a Pandemonium into a
Paradise. But I will quote :—" Manufacturing towns,
" though they have not the woodbined cottage and the clear
" stream, the scent of flowers and the song of birds, have
" much that is not less attractive to a benevolent mind.
" They have crowded congregations and thoughtful worship-
" pers ; they have unrivalled Sunday schools, in some of
" which there are from 100 to 200 regular communicants
" among the teachers and the pupils ; and those who have
" seen the cottages of Mr. Ashton's workmen, at Hyde,
" Mr. Bright's, at Rochdale, and Mr. Ashworth's, at Bank
" Top, near Bolton, well know that the best ordered villages
" in England cannot furnish dwellings more clean or conve-
" nient, or with better furniture, or in ordinary times, with
" a more thriving population." But those who have not,
my dear Sir, seen these little Paradises, and who have had
the singular misfortune only to have witnessed the wretched,
filthy habitations, bearing the appearance of the most squalid
misery and wretchedness, and who know that in manufac-
turing towns, with very rare exceptions, it must be so, on
account of the " hands," as the labourers are technically
termed, having to live close to the factory in which they are
employed, thereby packing an unnatural number of people
in a small space. What is such a person to think of your
cottage views ! Why, perhaps he would simply say, " One
swallow does not make summer." And these " crowded con-
gregations of thoughtful worshippers ;" I wish I could be-
lieve, that generally speaking, there were such in manufac-
turing towns, but the truth must be spoken, and it will then
be admitted, that with some few exceptions, the churches
are not half filled, although from the many truly pious cler-
gymen, now in our churches and districts, there is an evident
improvement, yet the manufacturing population, I much
fear, are not a church-going population. Where is ehartism,
socialism, and every vice discovered most ripe ? In the ma-
nufacturing towns. And as to your unrivalled schools !
These few cases of unrivalled schools in manufacturing towns
stand out in such bold relief, that 1 would almost venture to
say I could put my finger upon the very one you had in your
eye when writing; and out of a population of 300,000 per-
sons, it would be sad indeed if one such could not be found.
I fear, Sir, you have turned monopolist, and consider that all
the humanity is on the side of the anti-corn-law advocates.
1 am led to fear this by the following quotation in reference
to the distress of the people :—" With the corn laws they
" must starve; emancipated from them they will prosper.
" Cheap bread, and a regular commerce with other coun-
" tries, will feed the people, supply the exchequer, promote
" morality, lessen the chance of war, and injure no one.
Take them as a body, and I will fearlessly challenge com-
parison between the corn-law and anti-corn-law advocates,
as to the amount of the humanity shown for the comforts
and happiness of the people, not talked about only, although
the former have not summoned a conference. But after
doing all in our power for the benefit of our suffering fellow
creatures, which the most benevolent mind could suggest, we
know from Scripture that "the poor shall not cease out of
the land."
And how beautifully have I heard the Hey. H. Melvin

expatiate upon the wisdom of this Divine appointment, in
calling forth the exercise of every Christian sympathy for our
poorer fellow men.
I have not attempted to deny the amount of distress and
misery unfortunately to be found amongst our people at the
present time, but such has also existed before, and a kind and
benevolent God has led us through the fiery trial. Can we
doubt that if we seek his aid, we shall still see a mode of
escape from our present distresses. You think you halve
found the remedy, but you have first assumed that you have
discovered the source of the complaint, and expect others
to adopt it second-hand.
I must have a few words upon your mode of remedying
all the distresses of the country and giving employment to
he people. You fancy this could be done by changing the

..; -Lz

> ~' _

corn laws, You fancy that the 400,000 bersons annually
added to the population can be employed in manufactories ;
and if your principle is good, as Dr. Cooke 5ay5......“ go
through with it. —ln what state will you be then in ten
years ? Do you expect that the population, then having in-.
creased 4,000,000, could be employed by the manufacturing
interest ? If not, your plan is only good for a few years. I
say by all means encourage the manufacturing interest—but
I say, encourage the agricultural interest also, and cultivate
your waste lands for any thing.
I doubt not that with a wise and powerful government,
not dealing " heavy blows and great discouragements to
Protestantism in Ireland," but acting upon sound Protestant
principles, and no other can succeed ; bringing forward and
carrying through judicious measures, keeping, down the ex-
penditure of the country, giving encouragement to the
spread of religion, and dicountenancing vice and immoro-
rality, England may yet keep her position in the scale of na-
tions.

And now, my dear sir, hating drawn these imperfect
strictures to a conclusion, it only remains fur me to express
my regret that no abler pen than mine has entered the lists
against you, although your pamphlet has received a passing
remark in many quarters; and also allow me to express my
firm conviction that however erroneous your sentiments and
statements may appear to me to be, yet that they have been
dictated by the purest motives.
I beg to remain, rev. sir, your obedient servant,
J. C.

STIPENDIARY MAGISTRATES.

TO, THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.
Stn,—The appointment -of a stipendiary magistrate for
this borough took place under the first reform council some
years ago. It would be well for the next conservative council
to consider if the appointment has been attended with any
benefit to the public, or otherwise—and if the magistrates
who usually occupied the bench prior to the appointment
were better or worse, as regarded the interests of the inha-
bitants, than a stipendiary magistrate could possibly be.
The people of this town were certainly better off under the
old magistrates. The gentleman who occupied the bench in
the police-court was in general " a gentleman ;" he was
elected by the inhabitants, and had been always held in high
estimation among them before he could become a magistrate ;
his education was different from a lawyer's ; he had never
pleaded for or against any sort of characters for the conside-
ration of fees; he had been brought up to none of the ohi-
emery of Old. or New Bailey advocates ; he was honest,
good-natured, and religious. His acquaintance with the
world taught him humanity ; to dismiss complaints that were
frivolous, and not to be vindictive even to offenders :—how
prominently did these qualities appear in one of our late
mayors Mr. Littledale, and many others of those days !
Though innocence was then protected, and guilt amply pu.
niched, the seventies, the consequence, and the despotism
observable now in many police-courts was unknown in ours.
A salaried magistrate, appointed through a majority of
votes in the common council, pre-supposes a partisan ; he is
to his party what an executioner is to the sheriff; and the
public have just as much interest in the election of the one
or the other of these two officers. So long as those who
elected him continue in power, their protection will be license
enough for despotism, and it is next to impossible for him
to possess that independence necessary for the strict admi-
nistration of justice. _ _

Mr. Walmsley, in his speech at the close of the new coun-
cil, published by the Reform Association, stated that the
judicious arrangements made by Mr. Hall more than co-
vered his salary ; in other words, a system of tines for
offences was introduced by that gentleman, and it saved the
expense of his stipend from the corporate fund—but it is ap-
parent wherever a system of fining of this sort prevails, the
ends of justice are very likely to be perverted, especially in
cases of limited firms and wealthy offenders, or reverse cases ;
and the more we look into the bearing of the system many
concomitant evils will be reflected from it. In London the
aldermen are far more popular than the stipendiary magis-
trates, and will be always so.
Without the allusion to any stipendiary magistrate, much
less to our own, I venture to hope in the event of a conser-
vative preponderance in the Town-hall next November. A
subject like this will not be forgotten, either by the electors
or the elected. My object will be accomplished in calling
their attention to the defects of the present plan and its re-
medy.
By giving the foregoing an insertion in your valuable co-
lumns, you will greatly oblige yours, &c.,
Sept. 15, 1841. A CONSERVATIVE.

STEAM-BOAT ACCIDENT-NARROW ESCAPE OF
FIVE PERSONS.

On Tuesday evening, the Bridegroom, iron steamer, in
charge of Captain Everest, was on her way to Chelsea with
passengers, with two lights, when she came in contact with
boat containing five persons, in Chelsea-reach, and they
narrowly escaped drowning.
It appears that the Bridegroom was proceeding at full
speed, and a boat, rowed by a waterman named Thomas
Green, of Putney, and a landsman, was pen coming down
on the tide, and the waterman, who is alleged to have been
intoxicated, called out three times, " Port you, port," and
the steamer's helm was put a-port to avoid him, but the
boat was rowed in the direction of the steamer, and Cap-
tain Everest, finding a collision was inevitable, gave orders
to ease the .vessel, and stop her, and back astern, which
was immediately effected. The boat, however was struck
by the Bridegroom before the latter was going astern,
and caught just abaft the back-board. Johnson, the
mate of the Bridegroom, blatantly flung out the head-
rope for the people in the boat to lay hold of ; and a
gentleman clung to it with one hand, while he supported his
wife and.child, who were capsized, with the other. Captain
Everest at once threw off his hat and shoes, jumped over-
board, and clung to the fender. piece of the starboard paddle,.
box. At that moment the gentleman said, " For God's
sake save u 3 ! 1 can hold on no longer." The mate, who
also went overboard, snatched the child from its father, and
passed it up. Capt. Everest seized the woman by her dress,
and passed her over the bows into the steamer. The hus-
band grasped Capt. Everest by the leg, and he pulled him
out of the water and raised him on the fender-piece, and
said, " Don't be in a hurry, sir, you are safe ; get a little
better, and then you may go on board." He took the cap-
tain's advice, and having fetched breath was hauled on board.
Capt. Everest, ending no one else was in the water, got
upon the paddle-box and gave the order to go on. The
waterman, arid the person who was rowing with him, got on
board the steamer directly the collision took place.
The persons saved by Capt. Everest, were Mr. Middleton,
cheesemonger, of No. 4, Dorset-place, near Kennington
Church, and his wife and child, who suffered much by their
immersion in the water.

STATE OF TRADE.

MANCHESTER, SEPT. 15.—There was a decidedly better
demand for yarn yesterday than on the preceding Tuesday,
and though no advance was obtained, prices were tolerably
firm. In the goods market there was a tolerable demand for
fustians, domestics, and long-cloths; but shirtings and print-
ing cloths continue much depressed.
ItocHDALE FLANNEL MARKET, SEPT. 13.—The flannel
market continues good, yet not quite •so many pieces have
been sold as upon former Mondays. Prices remain still very
low. There is no change in the wool market ; prices arc yet
firm.
HUDDERSFIELD MARKET, SEPT. 14.—A fair amount of
business was done to-day, yet not so much as last week. Nor
is their quite so much confidence felt in commercial stability,
partly owing to numerous failures in most parts of the
country, and the foreign demand being on the wane. The
principal demand was in middle and low priced woollens and
kerseys. In plain superfines there was more animation ; and
in light fancy goods, generally, the demand was equal to the
season. Prices are firm, and business in the warehouses
continues tolerable.

DREADFUL COLLISION AT SE•.—Late on Sunday night
last, a collision ()fa most fearful character, attended with the
total loss of the schooner Surprise,• a fine sailing-vessel, be-
longing to Jersey, took place in the roads of Yarmouth. It
appears that the unfortunate vessel abovementioned was
commanded by a Captain Imey, and was on her voyage to
Cadiz, having left Newcastle on the previous Thursday. On
Sunday evening she a'rrived off Cromar Lighthouse, and in
bearing down the Channel a violent gale came on from the
north-west, which by ten o'clock had increased to a hurri-
cane. The Surprise weathered the storm admirably, and
was making about ten miles an hour, when she was run into
by a collier brig called the Robert and Ann, belonging to
Sunderland. The collision was dreadful, the Surprise being
cut down to the water's edge, and the bows of the brig par-
tially driven in. Immediately they were disentangled, it was
discovered that the Surprise was in a sinking state, and the
crew, in the hope of running the ship on shore, took to the
pumps, which they worked vigorously for some time, but to
no purpose; the water gained rapidly upon them, and they
were compelled to take to the longboat, and stand clear of
the vessel. In an about half an hour after she drifted on to
the Cross Sands, where she quickly became a total wreck.
The crew were picked up at daybreak by a vessel passing,
and they were safely landed. The other vessel was saved_
The cost of the Surprise is stated to be £3,000.
CLERICAL LIBERALITY TO THE WESLETANS. —We
understand that the Rev. John Clowes, late Fellow of the
Collegiate Church in this town, having been informed that
the Wesleyan Society had purchased from his agent a piece
of land in Broughton, with the view of erecting upon it a
Wesleyan chapel, and having seen and approved the desi;ns
for the building, has, in the most handsome manner, nclu:ed
the price of the land, and presented to the society the sum
of fifty guineas towards the building fund.—Manchester
Chronicle.
On Friday week, a young married woman was killed by
being thrown out of a " swing" at Camberwell Fair. The
coroner at the inquest remarked, that this was the sixth simi-
lar accident in and near the metropolis since April last !
STEAM-COACH.—On Monday afternoon a steam-coach,
belonging to Mr. Hill, proprietor of the chemical works at
Deptford, and which has for some time past been running on
the Kentish roads, took a trip to Seven Oaks. The steam_
coach in question is 16 feet in length, weighs about four tons,
and has two engines, each of six-horse power. The cylinders
are 10 inches in diameter, with 18 inches stroke, and the
engine works at between 601bs and 701bs to the square inch.
At 31 minutes after one o'clock the steam was announced to
be "up," and Mr. Hill, who managed the machine, pro-
ceeded to thread the mazy ins and outs which lead from his
factory to the Deptford main road,. stopping, starting, and
guiding the vehicle with great precision and facility. The
speed was, on some portions of the level road, upwards of
twenty-one miles per hour, and the only apparent difficulty
was where the ascent presented a loose sandy soil. The
consumption of coke is a ton per 100 miles, and the cost of
a steam-coach of this description was stated to be £Boo.
Morning Herald.
DEER STALKING.-01IF sportsmen, generally, this sea-
son, seem to have been pretty successful in capturing that
noblest of game—deer. On Thursday, Glenmorriston's
party killed a fine stag, weighing 16 stones. On Friday,
maugre the bad weather, two stags were shot by the same
party—one of 20, and the other 24 stones ; and a good roe-
buck was also added to the spoil. At Locbindorb, Mr.
Oliver killed a stag of 18 stones. In Calrossie Wood, Mr.
George Ross, younger, of Cromarty, shot a fine red deer;
14 red deer were seen by the beaters; but, with the above
exception, they were out of the range of shot. At Inver-
garry, Lord Ward and the Marquis of Blandford have been
bagging daily from 100 to 200 brace of grouse, besides roe-
deer and black game.—lnverness gaper.
THE BEE BUSINESS.—Mr. Rice, of Ripley, Erie county,
Pa., has an extensive establishment for keeping bee'.
Twenty years ago he had one swarm, from which, in twelve
years, he had 396 swarms. The Erie Gazette staetes they
had
d
had then become so powerful, that they commt
oe
depre-
dations on the neighbouring tribes, goingmuch to
excursions to the distance of two or three predatory
the annoyance of the unfortunate
obtained above two tons
has now adopted
killed off a number of swarms, and
of honey for the New York market.
ees,nne
He has
He then
the patent hives for a part of his b
drawers are placed in the upper, hive. In this
way, by
winithwhsimchallsna'paellagulares:
be seen at work, and the
ja:
for access from the main peso
ea%
drawing the slide, the I?eieed.
When filled, the drawer can
amount of honey
fasicaie: supplied by another, without de-
shiaer7Puien old lady brought her husband to
DocaLv Sonar.
on Monday, on a charge of bigamy.
sbteroreyrni nogytehdeainnddut
the Mansion o
man lisaidu—se:` She's been the plague•of my for
The Pwr
and thirty long years; I'm heartily sorry I ever tnarried
five yes, John," replied laia wife, " and I'll malse you
her.",orryyou eve, married any body else, befeas dmie with

trN\,

The custom js to promenade the streets by eight and day,
Disclosing seats of pantaloons—this is the proper way ;
Smoke fiercely as they walk along, like limekiins in full play;
Run up like clockwork tailors' bills, and then forget to pay.
Oh, these fine young English gentlemen, &c.
Their boots are manufactured of the finest polished calf ;
They tread the ground so light and soft, you 'd think they're
made of chaff ;
Their stocks so tight are buckled in,
but laugh ;
Their waists like wasps' so tightly pinched, you'd think
they 'd come in half.
Oh, these fine young English gentlemen, &c.
Their heads are like perfumers' blocks, they smell so strong
and sweet ;
Their hair hangs like ourang-outangs', but not arranged so
neat ;
And when these beings prowl in droves, and meet you in the
street,
To see them free of any charge, it 's really quite a treat.
Oh, these fine young English gentlemen. &c.
Their manners are distinguished by such graceful noncha-
lance,
To see them scrape and slide about, and twist their eyes
askance,
You 'd think at first they 'd either got the famed St. Vitus'
dance,
Or else were busy practising some new-invented trance.
Oh, these fine young English gentlemen, &c.
To keep our night-police employed these gentry never fail ;
Tom-cats from knockers housemaids find suspended by the
tail
And when they 're held in " durance vile " they never care
for bail,
For there 's nothing so genteel in life as breakfasting in gaol.
Oh, these rine young English gentlemen, &c.
Without some new developement a day can seldom pass ;
Young boys as tall as toasting-forks must smoke and take
their glass;
These little creatures swarm and buzz with such display of
brass,
And cultivate moustaches too as farmers do their grass.
Oh, these fine young English gentlemen, &c.
I don't know what our grandfathers would say if they could
rise

they 'd choke did they

A moment through their coffin-lids, or look down from the
skies :
Such goings-on below they 'd greet with hurricanes of sighs,
They 'd gnash their teeth, I know they would, like bull-dogs
catching flies!
Oh, these fine young English gentlemen, &c.
C. B. G.

THE CONSERVATIVE

" Qui consults patrum, qui leges juraque servat

When you meet with a man with a full bright eye,
And the brow that tells of the purpose high
With the port of pride, and with gesture free,
And a frank and manly courtesy;
Who yields to Woman and grey-hair'd eld,
The respect in which each should aye be held,
Who insult neither will brook, nor give,—
Be sure that man 's a Conservative.
If he is not afraid or ashamed to own
He believes in his Bible, and kneels to the throne ;
If he bears on his banner the well known line,
That " Kings do rule by right divine ;"
If you find that he fearlessly takes his stand
With Prelate and Peer, for his native land ;
For them, or with them, to fall or live,—
Be sure that rnan's a Conservative.
If he does not blench when feuds run high,
But encounters the onset steadily,
Unswayed by a smile, and unawed by a frown,
Fires for the people, as firm for the crown ;
Ready to venture, as freeman should,
Life and limb for his country's good ;
But never one jot of her freedom to give,—
Be sure that roam 's a Conservative.

LITERARY NOTICES.

Sixteen years in Chili and Peru : by Thomas Sutcliffe, late
governor of Juan Farnandez. Fisher, Son,
.and Co., Lou-

don. pp. 503.
We take great blame to ourselves that Mr. Sutcliffe's
work, entitled " Sixteen years in Chili," should have so long
remained upon our table unnoticed. We could ascribe
many causes for haying thus apparently neglected it, hut as
we conjecture the notice of the work will be more acceptable

than excuses, w
work we look upon as one of very great importance, because
it gives us an insight into the political history of Chili and
Peru during the periods of 1822 to 1839, and details with
much interest, and with the nervousness of truth, the extra-
ordinary transactions that occurred during those years. In
Mr. Sutcliffe's work we see the gratitude—or rather ingrati-
tude—of a people whose cause enthusiastic and brave men
have taken up, and in it we see the ill requittal they have re-
ceived for hoisting the banner of freedom and establishing
liberty. The details respecting Lord Cochrane, and the
taking of the Esmeralda—an action that has crowned his
lordship with an undying laurel, and which at the time was
the subject of conversation throughout the civilised world,
are here narrated most circumstantially, as well as the whole
of his lordship's brilliant career in South America. The
conduct of the Chilian government to his lordship is also
shown, and nothing could possibly be more nncourteous,
ungrateful, and debased : but not in his lordship's case alone
has such return been shown, for wherever honours and re-
ward ought to have been showered, it seems they have been
withheld, and insult and neglect only repaid to those who
made themselves so conspicuously deserving. Amongst the
many interesting episodes in Mr. Sutcliffe's history, the me-
moir of the gallant Colonel Tupper is one of the most re-
markable. Mr. Sutcliffe's account of the various earth-
quakes that occurred is highly instructive. The horrors
endured by the people after these dreadful events bad taken
place are narrated with the truthfulness indeed of one who
must have been an eye-witness. The jealousies, meannesses,
-and intrigues that existed in the Chilian and Peruvian go-
vernments are forcibly exposed. The various battles that
Tent the social relations of the country asunder are minutely
and vividly described. A very interesting portion of the
work is the detail of scenes which the author met with when
" wandering on half-pay." In this portion of the work we
And many amusing matters pleasantly brought before the
notice of the reader, in which the customs, manners, and
sports of the natives and residents are mentioned. The
work is illustrated by many good lithographs of the places
and transactions spoken of, as well as the portraits of some
of the eminent men wl.o figure in the recital, being brought
before our view. This work we can confidently recommend
to the notice of all who have a wish to refer to the histories of
Chili and Peru. All parties who are connected with South
America would do well to peruse it, as it will afford them
an excellent insight into the history of a country which, if
well governed, might soon become one of the most produc-
tive and prosperous in the world. Mr. Sutcliffe deserves
great credit for his spirit in publishing so interesting a work,
and one which can never prove uninteresting, because it
forms a valuable link in the history of nations. Mr. Sutcliffe,
from his having been a spectator and, indeed, an actor in
rrated, is necessarily well qualified for
ht well has he performed it.

eed " to business