The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-04-27 00:00:00

RAILWAY AFFAIRS.

The Kendal and Windermere Railway was opened
on Tuesday, with great rejoicing. The modern antique
edifice, called Wray Castle, near Bowness, and built by
Mr. Dawson, M.D., late of this town, forms a prominent
object from the line.
RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—OR Wednesday morning, the
mail train, going north, on the York and Newcastle Rail-
way, ran over a plate layer between Northallerton and
Thirsk, and killed him on the spot. He has, we under-
stand, left a wife and eight children.
THE NARROW GAUGE FASTER THAN THE BROAD.—
The writer of a pamphlet under this head shows, by a
series of tables, that the average rate of speed on the
London and North Western, is to Wolverhampton 26.92
miles per hour, and to Birmingham 24.28 ' that on the
South Western to Southampton, it is 25.29 miles per
hour; while on the Great Western to Swindon, it is only
24.97 miles per hour, and to Bristol 23.97.
There is a talk of CONVERTING INTO A RAILWAY the
old Carlisle canal, lli miles long, constructed 24 years
ago at a cost of £140,000, and carrying the trade by lighters
btween Liverpool and Port Carlisle. The directors have
had a survey made, and Mr. Errington, the engineer,
reports that the conversion may be made advantageously
at a cost of £50,000, and the intention appears to be to
offer it on lease to some of the contiguous railways.

EXPRESS TRAVELLING ON THE GREAT WESTERN
RAILWAY.—The 12 o'clock up express train from South
Devon was, from a derangement of the engine, on Wednes-
day, one hour behind its proper time of arrival when it
reached Bath. On its arrival at Swindon the train con-
sisted of 10 carriages, weighing 100 tons, and with this
load the engine gained eight minutes in a run of 77 miles
upon the ordinary express train speed of 43 miles an hour.
The average rate at which this train of 100 tons, and con-
veying 320 passengers, travelled between Swindon and
Paddington, being 52 miles an hour.
DUTCH RHENISH RAILWAY.—Mr. Henry Harrison, of
Aigburth, has been deputed, by 400 shareholders, holding
upwards of 30,000 shares, with 1200 votes, to attend the
general meeting of this company, at Amsterdam, on Wed-
nesday (to-morrow.) At this meeting, there will be an
election of one new London director and four English
commissaries, and the election, it is expected, will fall upon
Mr. William Reid, of the South-western Railway, to the
seat at the London board ; and Messrs. Elias Mozley,
Robertson Gladstone, and two other members of the
Liverpool committee to the office of commissaries.
LANCASTER AND PRESTON COMPANY.—At a meeting
of shareholders in this line last week it was resolved to
affix the seal to an agreement with the East Lancashire
Company. Mr. Nicholson, one of the East Lancashire
directors, conditionally pledged himself, on behalf of that
company, to guarantee an agreement which had been
entered into for the transference of the Lancaster and
Preston line to the East Lancashire, on payment of an
annual rent of £29,000 per annum, or somewhere about 7
per cent., and the purchase of the line within ten years,
at twenty-five years' purchase of the above-named rent,
or £825,000. The condition was, that the Canal Com-
pany gave up the possession of the line, which the clerk
to that company intimated would be done, provided the
agreement which transferred the line to them were signed.
NEW. STATION AT CHESTER.—A new station is about
to be erected at Chester, near the site of the present of-
fices, as a grand central for all the lines meeting
at Chester—the London and North-Western, the Chester
and Holyhead, the Chester and Birkenhead, the Shrews-
bury and Chester. and the Cheshire Junction Railways.
The plans are by Mr. Stephenson, the celebrated engineer.
The length of the building is to be 910 feet ; the elevation
is in excellent taste, and will present an imposing appear-
ance; the centre range having two stories of great archi-
tectural beauty, flanked by handsome towers 40 feet high.
At each wing there is an arrival platform for terminus
trains, whose journeys end at Chester, 250 feet long and
14 wide. The principal departure platform towards the
main through lines from London to Holyhead, is 703 feet
6 inches long, and 19 feet wide. The station is to cost
£lOO,OOO.

RELIEF FOR SHAREHOLDERS.—There are many per-
sons to whom the amount of their railway calls is a serious
present inconvenience, although there is no want of ulti-
mate resources. To such a new kind of assistance is rapidly
developing itself. In Glasgow, Edinburgh, and Aberdeen,
there have been formed companies, under various appella-
tions, the object of which is, by advances upon securities
of different kinds, to enable holders of railway shares to
Meet, at mwlerate rates of interest, the exigencies, of their
position. The institution in Glasgow is called the Com-
mercial Exchange Company, the object of which is to
afford such accommodation as cannot be granted, consis-
tently with their other business, by regular bankin.. esta-
blishments. This company proposes on the one and to
allow interest at 5 per cent. on deposits for six months
certain, and repayable at three months' notice ; and to
make advances at 61 per cent. per annum for six months
at a time. There can be no doubt as to the utility of such
assistance ; and competition is already at work to reduce,
with safety and advantage to the public, the rates of inte-
rest; and we concur in the view taken by a highly intelli-
gent writer on the subject, that such institutions will
prove great public benefits; first, by conferring substan-
tial advantages on a certain class of depositors ; and se-
condly, by enabling the internal improvement of the
country to be carried out with an ease and rapidity which
could not otherwise be attained." _ _

THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.—A trial, completely suc-
cessful, has been made in the Isle of Wight, of the pow-
ers of Mr. Notes electric telegraph. A perfect and rapid
communication, says a morning paper, was established
between East and West Cowes, by means of a single wire
sunk across the channel. 3119.." telegraphs were attached;

one being placed at the Medina HOiel; and the other at
the opposite side of the channel near the Fountain Hotel.
The signal bells were then rung simultaneously; and the
telegraphs commenced working and communicating clues-
.• ---1-,.4 nny.4-o;r14-17

NI an it galViilllt: littiL. y lil ILFW FUIT ca , out, wv.++B ......, ... .. - '
single isolated wire immersed in the water could carry the than I can.
electric current a distance of half a mile. The water Sir Martin is quite " dark'"
brought back the current to its source without the Claremont is the last I shall mention; (conceiving the
slightest perceptible dispersion or loss of the dynamic rest are not entitled to a single remark.) If this horse
power. This experiment demonstrates the perfect prac- be run on the square, and he be all right, he will assuredly
ticability of submarine communication,—and the question be in the first three, which I believe will be, Mendicant,
as to its application may be said to be satisfactorily Claremont, and Dulcet. Farthing Candle appears to be
solved."—We may add, in this record of various teleg-
the next best.
raphic experiments, that, on the Tours and Nantes Rail- The reult of the succeeding races will be better let
way, an apparatus is in course of establishment which alone, as all depends upon how certain stables are rue-
consists of an iron wire extending from one end of the ning. Only the Dee Stakes will admit of a remark, aS
line to the other, and through which an electric current is the' horses en.gaged in it will hardly run before-Thursday
continually to pass; while, by means of small pistons, Van Tromp Is not coming. Nerissa will represent the
placed at intervals of 200 yards, the passage of a train in stable. The Horn of Chase may not run for either of
motion at each point of the line will be. indicated to the his previous engagements. He is heavily backed for thi9
fixed mach ine:—each piston, by its movement, interrupt- event ; and should he win he will become a great favourite
ing the electric current for a moment of time (probably for the Derby. Claribel, Slander, and Foreclosure are
varying in length or repetition), and thus designating the 'famed for deeds gone past; but I think Administrator
number of the post before which the train is passing at will run better than any of then), excepting Foreclosure,
the moment. By these means, the director of the fixed who, with Nerissa, are likely to run first and second. I
machine will receive information almost every second as hope, when all is over, I may have the pleasure of seeing
to the speed of the train in motion, and as to the position my numbers successfully recorded.—Yours, &c.,
occupied by it.—At Ipswich, Mr. Bain is erecting an elec- SOMNAMBULIST.
trical clock, with power of motion to be unceasingly
maintained by a perpetual electric current derived from
the earth

NEWMARKET FIRST SPRING MEETING.
MONDAY.—The Sweepstakes of 10 sovs. each were won
ERxocitte,rs'slero
Spring-
_
bh Yo nets,oMk—ri ITNr.
h. eewHt Combe'soann'dsc Redwing.Sweepstakes
beating More,
nodfL2l‘oorl dr
.
sovs. each wero
w
The Court remains at Buckingham Palace. On Thurs- morn
Merton'sby :Nlr. RAofrl ' s
ca
nB
ai snhdo pLoof Rumford
r dE
xExeter's
r, s
CCoocb, oa beating Nut.
_
day the Queen Dowager visited the Queen, and remained A Match of 200 sovs. each, won by Duke of Bedford's
to lunch. The Queen, Prince Albert, and the Queen Eothen, beating Sir J. Hawley's Piccinino.—The SweeP"
Dowager afterwards visited the Bazaar for the relief of stakes of 50 sovs. each were won by Sir R. Bulkelefo
destitution in Ireland. In the evening, the Queen and Montpensier, beating Mr. Wauchope's c., by Hetniao
the Prince honoured her Majesty's Theatre with their Platoff, out of Marmora, and Mr. Mostyn's Devil.ine;
presence. care.—A Match, the Duke of Bedford's Fistiana received
It is said that her Majesty has received a private auto- 100 sovs. from Lord Glasgow's f., by Phoenix.
graph letter from the Queen of Spain. TUESDAY.—The Coffee-room S takes of 50 sovs, each,
The marriage of the Marquis of Salisbury and Lady were won by Lord Orford's br. c., by Clerwell, out 0'
Mary West, youngest daughter of the Earl and Countess Zipporah, beating Mr. Mostyn's Projectile.—The Handl'
Delawarr, is to be solemnised in the course of the ensuing cap Sweepstakes of 10 sovs. each were won by Mr. Drin'
week. kald's Farthing Candle, beating LoLordOdrflov. po
rd'sPwrileiststi;
Lady Susan Percy died suddenly at Rome on the 7th Acid, Mr. Hargreave's Bit Nibble,
inst. while at her toilet. Ossification of the heart is sup- Fort William, and Mr. R. Boyce's Colleen Bawn.—TM

COURT AND FASHION.

posed to have brought on this sudden calamity. 2000 guineas, of 100 sovs. each, were won
An article of millinery, consisting of a bonnet of pecu- got's Conyngbam, beating Mr. Mostyn's Planet.
liar and costly description, is immediately expected to ar- WEDNESDAY.--The Handicap Sweepstakes of 20 sovs'
rive, if such be not already the case, from New York, for each were won by the Duke of Rutland's Paultons, beat,
her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen. It is rumoured ing Tarella, Remorse, and Birthday.—The Sweepstakes 0!
that it has been the joint manufacture of several ladies, 50 sovs. each were divided between Coningshy and Docto7,
residents and natives of the principal commercial city of Goodall.—A Match of 1000 sovs. was won by Alr.o"Brien
the United States of America. The Traverser, beating Mr. Greville's Alarm.—The SweeP'
stakes of 200 sovs. each were won by Lord Gl.vgow's Co '
spiracy, beating Bumdrum andlago.—The £5O (8.C.) 0.4
won by Mr. Neville's Remorse, beating Kesheng and e''
by Colwick, out of Lucetta.
(From the Stamford Mercury.) THURSDAY.—The Sweepstakes of 100 sovs. each wel4
Several interesting experiments with the new explosive won by the Duke of Richmond's Red Hart, beating 311::
power called gun-cotton were made on Tuesday last at the Bowes's Epirote.—The Handicap of 25 sovs. each was Niro!:
railway works at Greeston, near Stamford. The place by Lord Exeter's Cocoa Nut; beating Mr. Rolt's Bisholl;
chosen is a deep cutting through a solid rock of freestone, of Romford's Cob.—The 1000 Guineas Stakes were vf()„
the layers being of immense thickness, and requiring very bylir. Payne's Clementina, beating Mr. Mostyn's
great blasting power to split and loosen the masses. The
gentleman who conducted the experiments is Mr. KING'S APERIENT EFFERVESCENT CITRATE OF 310;
Wheeler, engineer, deputed by the firm of Messrs. Hall NESIA.—ThiS is one of the few medicines that is *OOlO
and Co., gunpowder-makers of Dartford ; which firm, it to take and beneficial in its results. In flavour, it to
is said, finding that the gun-cotton is likely in a great greatly superior to and effervesces in the same waY 0
measure to supersede the use of gunpowder, have pur- Seidlitz Powders ; but, while it leaves on the palate I'o
chased the patent of the new material. Mr. Wheeler was pleasantest citrate taste, it looses in its effects none of t.o,
accompanied by Mr. Grafton, civil-engineer, the con- powers of the most highly-prepared and finest magnet;
tractor for the Stamford gas-works, and of several im- It is an agreeable, cooling and refreshing draught ;
portant public works in Holland, Belgium, France, and must, when known, meet extensive sale. fel
Spain ; and also by Mr. Burney, one of the engineers on ECONOMIC GAS BURNER.—We briefly noticed, a
the railway. Previously to the experiments of Tuesday, weeks since, the introduction of an economic butt'
gunpowder alone had been used for blasting in the Grees- which in principle somewhat resembles the argand, I:he
ton cutting ; and from the necessity of using large (lan- f has the advantage of a button top, which spreads we
tities of powder in order to split the rock, several serious flame, causes a more rapid admission of air, and
accidents had occured to men engaged on the line, frag- fully completes combustion. Since that time we havel3.,„;
ments of the stone being occasionally cast as much as a one burning in our office, and so fully are we eonviO4:4l
hundred yards where the combustible power was used. of their superiority, from the brilliancy of the light
In order to test the relative forces of the two agents, gun- the total absence of smoke, that we purpose having 0008
powder and gun-cotton, blasting holes were bored in the of them. It is estimated that the saving in gas by the 0
rock at convenient distances, and cotton rammed into of thisi burner exceeds thirty per cent. The saviate,

EXPERIMENTS WITH GUN-COTTON

some and powder into others, and the fuses to each were
fired simultaneously : the depth of the holes (which were
about an inch in diameter) varied from 3 to 5 feet, though
this depth was by Mr. Wheeler considered hardly suffici-
ent to test the full force of the cotton. The most re-
markable experiment was between a charge of eight ounces
of gunpowder and two ounces of the prepared cotton, in-
serted in portions of the stone within eight or ten yards
of each other : the explosions occurred nearly at the same
moment—the gunpowder charge with a loud report, and
the cotton charge with scarcely a perceptible noise,—the
indicament that the latter had done its work being by the
sudden appearance of a small cloud of dust issuing from
the fissures : the gunpowder's blast threw down about
eight tons of
stone ; the cotton charge split about ten
tons, breaking it and leaving it on the spot rather than
scattering it about the line. The result of this experiment
clearly showed that two ounces of cotton is equal in ex-
plosive force to eight ounces of powder—with this great
advantage, that the danger to the men from the fragments
of stone projected to distances is very materially lessened.
It is said that two ounces of powder would have been en-
tirely inoperative in such a mass ; while if the chair

,e introduction of a thick iron wire, tll3`ids,
comes heated by the flame, into a chamber through w!'oe)
the gas passes, and which by this means becomes roll
prior to combustion. There can be no doubt that tm
burners will become popular. tO!
ELECTRO PLATE.—We had much pleasure in ins P-c4iii
a few days since, at Mr. Hand's, in Seel-street, a v°:i
of speeimen4 of electro pla'-e, which are now broug°o',
such a perfection that it is perfectly impossible to
pearance to discern the difference between theoldfie
sterling silver. The electro plate possesses manY ° fa'
tages, not the least of which is its great durabiliTnef,:
being plated on what is termed nickel silver, which
fectly white, should the edges of the electro plate wele
is not perceptible; while the metal on the ic.c, 1" '
stronger and of greater solidity than that it repro or
The cost of this beautiful imitation of silver--wbe!.i
nufactured into the most elaborate designs on tea seroi t'
fork-spoons, goblets, &c., is not more than one-tell set:
price, so that the interest of cost of a sterling sibrebbi°'
vice for one year would, in case of loss from over ru.,lotP
or otherwise, almost replace a service of electro
The many varieties are worthy of inspection.

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