The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-11-23 00:00:00

SW IT Z E RLAND .

From Switzerland we learn, tlarough the German papers,
that America has offered to advance 3,000,000 francs to
the Diet at the usual rate of interest. The Diet has con-
tracted a loan at Frankfort at the rate of seven per cent.
The German journals contain reports of skirmishes in dif-
ferent parts of Switzerland. The operations against Fri-
bourg commenced on the evening of the 11th. That even-
ing the Federal trcops took possession of two strong po-
sitions not far from a small village of Fribourg, called
Lengine, and two pieces of cannon employed by the Son-
derbund for their defence were taken. On the morning
of the 13th, orders were issued throughout the whole of
the line for the army to advance upon Fribourg, and with
the exception of the town itself and the ground occupied
by the defenders, which in all is not above a league, the
whole of the canton of Friburg is now in the possession of
the Federal troops. It was reported at Berne, and the
report appears to have some foundation, that the Grand
Council of Fribourg has been convoked for the purpose of
considering the propriety of again opening negotiations
with the Diet, and of arranging a plan of capitulation
to be proposed to the commander-in-chief of the Federal
army, as soon as he shall summon that town to surrender.
Advices from Berne to the 14th inst. state, that at noon
on the 12th General Dufour summoned Friburg to open
its gates in 24 hours to the Federal army. That delay was
accordingly to expire at noon on the 13th ; but early in
the morning of that day a flag of truce arrived at the
head-quarters, with a letter from the Government of
Friburg demanding a further delay until 7 o'clock a.m.,
on the 14th, which was accorded. Most of the heights
surrounding the city had been occupied on' the 13th by
the Federal forces. The division commanded by Colonel
Ochsenbein, which entered the canton on the side of
Laupen, had advanced to Dudingen, within three-quarters
of a league of Friburg. On no point was any serious
resistance experienced by the Federal army. The authori-
ties of Friburg were evidently anxious to learn the result
of the expedition which had invaded.Argau from Lucerne
before returning a definite reply to General Dufour. At
length, Friburg surrounded, hemmed in, and cut off
from all support from the other cantons of the Son-
derbund, capitulated on the 14th instant, after a smart
action, in which several lives were lost. The Paris jour-
nals of M. Guizot announce a " bloody conflict" as pre-
ceding the surrender ; but it had for its result four killed
and eight wounded ! The commander-in-chief having
left some companies in quiet occupation of Friburg, re-
turned, accompanied by the commander of the artil-
lery, the same afternoon to Berne, and so the " Fri-
burg" campaign is ended. The announcement, made
exclusively by the Journal des Debats, of a successful di-
version of the troops of the Sonderbund proves to be un-
founded. General Salis Saglio, at the head of some
troops of Lucerne; advanced across the frontier, and
marched into the canton of Argau, where he met with
prompt and vigorous resistance, and was forced to retreat
into Lucerne, with the loss of 240 men, chiefly killed.
A similar demonstration made by the Sonderbund on
the frontier of Zurich had signally failed, It was reported
that the federal troops had already entered the canton of
Lucerne. The Jesuits had all taken flight from Friburg
and sought refuge in Neufchatel, before the surrender of
the city on the 14th.
The Berne journals of the 16th say that the diet met on
that day, and, after receiving an official notification of
the sun ender of Friburg, and the; co-nditicnlo of Ono cepi
tulation, appointed, in virtue of article 6, three federal
representatives to proceed to Friburg, and there adopt
whatever measures they might consider necessary in
the interests of the federal government. The three com-
missioners set oat for Friburg immediately after the sit-
ting of the diet. The Vorort, immediately after the re-
rzeipt of the news of the capitulation of Friburg, ordered a
portion of the troops who had been sent against that
place to march towards Lucerne.
SWISS JESUITS.—The foreign students in the Jesuits
College, at Friburgh (which city is likely to be the first
point of attack for the Radical faction), have been taken
under the protection of the Ambassadors. Mr. Peel takes
charge of the British and Irish youths ; one or two of whom
are from Liverpool.

Father de Sanctis, one of the most able men of the day
at Rome, has abandoned the Romish religion.
The number of emigrants to Canada this year is
91,893, whilst last year it did not exceed 31,073.
Sir John Davis has resigned the governorship of Hong
Kong. His successor will be Mr. Bonham, formerly go-
vernor of Sincapore.
The electric telegraph between Montreal and New York,
a distance of one thousand and twenty-one miles, is now
open.

The Roman Catholic bishops of Baltimore have ordered
all their flocks not to become members of the Odd Fel-
lows' Society, and those who have been initiated, to leave
it under excommunication.

Lord Howden, the English Ambassador at Brazil, has
taken the law into his own hands, by arming himself, and
seizing a man who had attempted to rescue a black girl by
force from the house of a lady, in which she had taken
refuge.
A deplorable accident, attended with loss of life, oc-
curred on the railway between Prague and Pardubitz, on
the evening of the 4th inst. The up and down train met
with a fearful crash, a dense fog prevailing at the time.
Three persons were killed, and 50 more or less seriously
wounded.

ITALY.—The news from Italy is important. Blood has
flown at Fivizzano. The Modenese were the aggressors.
The latter arrested, without knowing why, the Sergeant-
Major of the Tuscan Carbineers. The multitude took his
part. The Modenese fired upon the people, killed one and
wounded several. Upon this all the citizens flew to arms,
and a skirmish ensued. which was going on at the depar-
ture of the courier.

The new reformation in Germany has taken another step
in advance. The central committee has issued another
manifesto, which is at tha same time a programme of the
religious tenets of the new sect. The following are the
six principal articles :-I.—We cannot suffer the oppres-
sions of the present regulations of the church of the State,
and therefore we separate from it. 2.—We remain what
we are and what we were—Evangelical Christians. 3.
We regard, as heretefore, the Bible as the groundwork of
Christianity. 4.—Our creed is, —I believe in God, in:his
eternal kingdom proclaimed to the world by Jesus
Christ. s.—Our worship remains the same, though with
freedom as to its form. 6.—Our doctrine is based on the
Evangelical principles of freedom and love. We are a
Christian confession.

The death of Count Bresson would appear to be still in-
volved in mystery. It was surmised that he refused the
embassy to London by Louis Philippe, he had, in a fit of
chagrin, made away with himself. Exasperated pride and
disappointed ambition, are often the causes of self destruc-
tion, and either may have proved an incentive to the crime
in the case of Count Bresson. But it is now reported that
the unhappy nobleman was murdered by the hand of an
assassin at Naples. The Count, on the day previous to
that of his death, had given an entertainment at his resi-
dence, and evinced not only serenity, but good nature dur-
ing its progress. In the evening he had gone to the theatre,
and still exhibited the same composure.' (From this and
other circumstances, an inference is drawn that he could
not have been his own murderer. We should be well
pleased to find this reasoning verified by fact ; but it is
far from being conclusive. A practised diplomatist,
Count Bresson was master of his countenance, and could
well mimic a gaiety he did not feel. And it too:frequently
happens that suicide is gone about in a way the most cool
and dispassionate—the individual in this case being " wise
to do evil." . _ _

DREADFUL STORM.—The last advices from the West
Indies inform us that Tobago had been visited with a tre-
mendous tornado and hurricane, and severe thunder and
lightning, with scarcely intermission, from noon the 11th
of October to 6 A. M. on the 12th, destroying half the
crops—some say even the whole. 510 houses were de-
stroyed, 224 much injured, 17 people killed, besides num-
bers injured. Six vessels were wrecked, the church and
Parsonage at Scarborough and the Methodist chapels at
Charlotte's-ville and Betsy's Hope were destroyed. The
tornado passed Barbadoes and Granada, and was felt at
Trinadad, and between Bermuda and St. Thomas. The
island of Tobago had not experienced so severe a visita-
tion since 1780. The town of Scarborough seems to have
been particularly subject to its violence •, the whole of the
barracks weie unroofed, and side walls blown down • hos-
pital stores, canteen, and outbuildings in ruins ; ;11 the
white troops have been sent to Trinadad. One United
States brig and the Earl St. Vincent rode out the storm,
and the schooner Norma, one of the vessels driven on
shore, had been got off. The shipping at Trinadad also
suffered by the same hurricane, but not so much as at
Tobago, nearly all the craft having run on the mud-bank,
Port of Spain. Trinadad had not suffered by any means
so severely as Tobago.

IRELAND.

____*.___

It is reported in Dublin that the military officers sta-
tioned in the disturbed counties are to be invested with the
commission of the peace, in order to facilitate the opera-
tions against the lawless bands that infest those districts.
The Repeal Association met on Monday, the Hon. C.
Lawless in the chair. The other speakers were Air. John
and Mr. Morgan O'Connell, with Messrs. Reynolds, De-
vereux, and R. D. Browne. Abuse of the government
and of the " Young Irelanders," formed the staple of
their addresses. The rent of the week was £37 10s.

A SENSIBLE PRECAUTION.—We are informed, by
authentic sources, that it is the intention of the contri-
butors in several parts of Ireland, especially in Dublin,
to hold over the money raised on Sunday week for the.
O'Connell monument or testimonial until they ascertain
how the money is to be appropriated.
In, the counties of Tipperary, Limerick, and Clare, in-
cendiarisrns, and outrages to obtain arms, are, as we be-
fore said, of almost hourly occurrence. The social condi-
tion of Tipperary may be inferred from the card for the
Thurles quarter sessions. There are 6,000 civil bill pro-
cesses, of which 1,000 are undefended ; 107 ejectments,
and 347 prisoners for trial. This, be it remembered, is
only for one riding.
A CHRISTIAN PEOPLE TO LIVE AMONG.—An attempt
to shoot the Rev. J. Wolseley, incumbent of St. Michael's
Portarlington, Ireland, has been thrice made and thrice
failed. Mr. Wolseley has for eighteen years been a bene-
factor to the neighbourhood wherein he resides ; and yet
he writes to the Times—" Most of the people of the
neighbourhood have been so far from expressing joy at the
escape I have had, that they show evident disappointment
at my not being shot." No wonder, when, as. we read in
the Irish papers, Romish priests can be found who pass
the word to the mob to go forth and shoot " every respect-
able man in a black coat !"

MORE HORRORS.—Tipperary still marches from atrocity
to atrocity. Every act of barbarism is followed by another
still more outrageous. Mr. Uniacke Bailey, an extensive
land-agent, and chairman of the board of Works, on
leaving Nenagh, at half-past five o'clock on Saturday
week, for his own residence, in company with his brother-
in-law, Mr. Head, was fired at within a short distance of
his own house, and frightfully wounded. His mouth was
shattered to pieces by a large discharge of slugs, and Mr.
Head was also seriously injured. The injuries inflicted on
Mr. Bailey are supposed to be mortal. A more excellent
and considerate country gentleman there does not exist in
Ireland than the victim of this terrible outrage.
MEETING OF MAGISTRATES.—Lord Lorton convened a
meeting of the magistrates at Elphin on Tuesday. Thirty-
one attended. Lord De Frene moved the first resolution.
The whole meeting were unanimous in applying to the
government for stronger measures than they now have, to
enable them to suppress crime and protect the lives and
properties of the well-disposed. The resolutions were
strong, but not more than the country required. Should
a favourable reply not be received, it is intended to con-
vene a county meeting. All the police not on duty con-
stantly patrole the disturbed districts. A troop of horse
is daily expected in Roscommon, and another in Stokes-
town.

THE O'CONNELL MONUMENT.—We dont mean to deny
the propriety of " parties" raising monuments to their
chiefs, nor to insinuate that the deceased O'Connell is
one whit less entitled to his testimonial than Cobden is to
his fund. These are matters strictly between the leader
and his party—the exoteric world have no right to inter-
fere. But although the question of merit is not fairly ours
to discuss in such a case, the fitness of the time for making
a public collection, unquestionably is. That some £l5OO
should be levied off Dublin just at this moment, and for
an object that might certainly have been deferred without
injury to anybody, is hardly to be looked upon as a very
satisfactory occurrence; still less that the whole of star-
ving Ireland should contribute £15,000, which is expected
to be the amount raised for the "Liberator's" family.
A FEARFUL PLEDGE.—Mr. John O'Connell has just
made the following solemn declaration :—" If I go to par-
liament, and ff. I find that the government, before they
have tested the already immense powers given them by
the ordinary course of the law, in subduing disturbances
in Ireland, and before they have taken steps to remove the
causes of these disturbances by regulating and amending
the present relations between landlord and tenant : if, I
say, before doing this, I find them looking for coercion,
I now solemnly pledge myself that I WILL DIE ON THE
FLOOR OF THAT HOUSE before they shall pass such a mea-
sure. Let the other members now do the same. Al-
though the pledge be conditional, and depends upon a
variety of contingencies, which open several little loopholes
of retreat, beside that of the black door of Pluto, it is a
very awful vow notwithstanding.
SHIPWRECK.—The brig Hero, of London, 145 tons bur-
then, was wrecked in Cloughey Bay, near Portaferry, on
Wednesday morning last. She was under ballast, from
Belfast to Newport, and struck on the Cannon Rock, a
little to the north of the north and south light, and soon
went to pieces. Four men and a boy, who left the vessel
in the long boat, are supposed to have perished. The
captain, Charles Herman, and mate, George Bonis, re-
mained in the rigging. After some time the former could
hold on no longer, and having dropped into the sea, was
drowned. The mate caught him by the breast as he was
falling, but his hold gave way, leaving the captain's watch
and guard chain in his hand. The Cloughey coast guard,
under the command of Chief-boatman M`Bride, after ele-
ven unsuccessful attempts, at the imminent risk of their
lives, the boat being nearly swamped twice, succeeded in
throwing a line to the mate, who made himself fast to it,
and was hauled from the wreck to the boat.

The list of outrages, culminating in murder, from the
counties of Limerick, Clare, and Tipperary, is most fright-
ful. The Limerick Chronicle, of Saturday weeh, contains
0.2% 11.0(.11.1:1€ of a 1.0 at irovolisins irrnareaCat, tha.viotim being the
wife of a stewara of Sir Matthew Barrington, who lost
her own life in endeavouring to save her husband from
the bullet of the assassin. On Saturday week, as Mr.
Bailey, a deputy-lieutenant of the county of Tipperary,
was driving in his gig from Nenagh to his residence at
Ballyclough, a distance of about seven miles, he and his
friend Mr. Edge, by whom he was accompanied, were
fired at from behind a ditch, and both wounded. It is
feared that Mr. Bailey will not recover. On the same
evening, one of the labourers employed on the Great
Southern and Western Railway, at Ballybrophv, was
found murdered on the railway works ; his head having
been pierced through as if with a single blow of a pick-
axe. Cases of arms stealing and incendiarism, too, are
mentioned.

Two DREADFUL MURDERS AT RATHURE.—At eight
o'clock on Thursday morning, two dreadful murders were
committed at Rathure Castle, within two miles of Limerick.
The victims of assassination were Mr. Ralph Hill, sub-
agent to David Fitzgerald, Esq., and a land bailiff named
Madden. It appears that Mr. Hill, in the discharge of his
duty, had made a distress the day before en corn belong-
ing to John Quain, tenant to Benjamin Friend, Esq., who
was indebted to his landlord to a large amount. After the
seizure keepers were placed on the premises, and Mr. Hill
returned to Limerick. On Thursday morning, accompa-
nied ty Thomas Flannery, he again visited Quain's house,
for the purpose of removing the corn from the haggards,
where they were met by Quain's son, with whom Mr. Hill
was talking, when four shots were fired at him and his
bailiffs from behind the haggard, melancholy to relate,
with fatal effect. Mr. Hill was killed on the spot, and the
bailiff (Madden) also fell a victim to assassination. One
of the keepers, James M`Mahon, was wounded on the
head, the skull having been laid bare by slugs, and Flan-
nery received the contents of a gunshot in the back of the
hand.

AN IRISH Row.—A meeting of Young Irelanders was
held in',Belfast last week, which was even more uproarious
than such meetings usually are. Several persons were
calling for the military in order that something like order
should be preserved. A stone from the street was thrown
up, which broke one or two panes of glass ; and those near
the window made a rush—some forward, some altogether
out of the house ; whilst about twenty of those in the body
of the hall snatched up sticks, about four inches in diame-
ter, and six or seven feet long, crying out to their friends
to clear the platform, and following up their preaching by
tramping their way over the shoulders of those who stood
just below the platform • and when they ascended thereto,
nothing could exceed the alarming aspect which was then
presented in the face of the meeting. The sticks went
bang over the heads of several, till they were caught and
broken ; and then many parties got into grips, pulling and
dragging each other about in fearful confusion. The mob
shouted to have the platform and room cleared ; and the
scene that ensued for fully ten minutes was really start-
ling. Many made towards the door ; others ran down the
steps on the left of the platform, leading towards the
floor ; while those who remained on the platform were all
pushing to and fro, in the greatest excitement. Mr.
Meagher, Mr. Mitchell, Mr. O'Brien were surrounded by
the clamourists ; but they refused to move from where
they stood, and Mr. Meagher, at the top of his voice, ex-
claimed that he would not be removed, unless he were
made a corpse. At this stage of the proceedings,• some
eight or ten of the police forced their way up the room,
and thence to the platform, where they secured a number
of those who appeared to be the ring-leaders in the scuffle.
In the melee, several were precipitated down the steps;
and, for fully ten minutes, the greatest disorder prevailed,
nearly every one shouting, at the top of his voice, either
pro or con. The noise had somewhat subsided, when
some of those who had been put out of the room flung up
stones from the outside, and again broke some of the
windows. •

A ROMAN CATHOLIC DIGNITARY.—It would seem not
to be enough that the Irish people be coerced ;—if there
is to be peace in Ireland the priests must be restrained.
How can we expect that the life of a landlord will be re-
spected while a person who calls himself an Archdeacon
indulges in language like the following :—" The Ven.
Archdeacon Laffan came forward amid loud cheers to
second the resolution. In doing so, he said he rose with
a feeling of deep sensation. He looked around him and
he saw an assemblage of his brother Tipperary men—the
good and the noble-hearted, though perhaps exciteable
Tipperary men,—(cheers)—who were called by the Eng-
lishmen murderers. (Groans.) The Saxon scoundrel,
with his belly full of Irish meat, could very well afford to
call his poor, honest, starving fellow-countrymen savage
and assassins, but if in the victualling department John
Bull suffered one-fifth of the privations to which the Tip-
perary men were subject, if he had courage enough he
would stand upon one side and shoot the first man he
would meet with a decent coat upon his back. (Cheers.)
But the Saxon had not courage to do anything like a man
—he growls out like a hungry tiger. (Hear, hear, and
loud laughter.) What was it that made Tipperary so
often a scene of blood ? The cause was evident to all
men's eyes—landlordism was the deamon that blasted
what was meant for happiness—that landlordism, which,
without mercy, would level the hovels of the poor man—
which had sent the bone and sinew of the land to fertilise
and enrich the forests and prairies of America—which had
sent the poor man to starve in the workhouse, or to die
by the road-side beneath the canopy of heaven; and under
the rain which God had sent to fertillise the earth." This
language was uttered at a " Tenant Right " meeting at
Cashel on Sunday : on that very evening a gentleman
waa shot dead near Roscrea. And can any one wonder.?

TUE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.