The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1841-08-13 00:00:00

LOCAL NEWS

!Among the passengers who sailed oil Tuesday in the pact-
ship Susquehanna, for Philadelphia, were Benjamin Rash,
KN., late Secretary of Legation of the United States of
America, at the Court of St. James, and William W. Chew,
Eki., late Secretary of Legation, and United States Charge
d'Affaires, at St. Petersburg.
THE.GIRAFFES.—These graceful anti singular animals are
to. be removed at the close of this week from Liverpool, in
the splendid machines constructed for their reception in
London. Those who have not yet inspected these remark-
able animals, ought to lose no time in doing so. They are
very extraordinary, and well worth inspection.

GIBSON, THE SCULPTOR.—Mr. Gibson has postponed
his visit to England. His intention was to make a trip to
his native town, Liverpool, in September; but the numerous
commissions he received during the last season (in Rome)
will prevent his so doing. It is now twenty-two years since
he left England.—Court Journal.
•
ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.—BIRTH EXTRAORDINARY.—
On Tuesday last, at the Zoological Gardens, the Senegal
lioness gave birth to three cubs. On Monday next there
are to be great doings at these gardens. Amusements are to be
provided unheard of before, and illuminations unequalled in
brilliancy will be exhibited. Fireworks unprecedented in
novelty will be fired. If the weather permits, this will be a
very attractive fete. A pleasant evening.will be enjoyed by
the crowds who will, doubtless, be present.
THE CALENDAR FOR THE NEXT ASSIZES.—The calendar
for the approaching assizes contains the names of 102 'pri-
soners. Of these there are 7 charged with murder, 3 with
rape, 12 with burglary, 14 with manslaughter, 6 with' stab
bing, 2 with housebreaking, 6 with forgery, 2 with horse-
stealing, 2 with maliciously cutting, 1 with perjury., 1 with
stealing., 1 with having returned from transportation before.
the fulfilment of his sentence, 27 with riot and beginning to
demolish houses, 1 with embezzlement of letters, 8 with of-
fences against the mint, 1 with making a false statement to
the Registrar of Births, &c., and 2 for misdemeanours.
OPERATIVE PROTESTANT BENEFIT SOCIETY.—We beg
to draw attention to the notification emanating from this
society. The principle of benefit societies is too well known
to need remark or explanation. One of the features of this
association is, however, preferable to all others in this re-
spect, as it does not hold its meetings in a public-house or
tavern, consequently the members are not put to the expense
attendant upon other societies, which, to a certain extent,
instead of enabling persons to save money, offer inducements
to spend their substance. We can safely and cordially
recommend this excellent society to the notice of our opera-
tive Protestant readers.
THE NEW CHURCH AT WESTON POINT.—We are glad to
perceive that the church at Weston Point is now fast ap-
proaching completion. We noticed at the time that the stone
for the erection of the building was presented in the most
handsome manner by our townsman John Tomkinson, Esq.,
to whose generosity, and to that of the other donors to the
same praiseworthy object, multitudes will have cause to be
grateful for many spiritual advantages of which they have
been heretofore completely deprived, whilst stationed in that
locality. The architecture of the edifice is extremely suitable
to its position, and forms a most picturesque appearance from
the river.

RIOT AND ASSAULT.—John Cunningham was charged, at
the police-court on Tuesday, with having been guilty of
riotous and indecent conduct, and with having assaulted the
police-officers in Lace-street. —Police-officer 189 stated, that
at seven o'clock on Monday night, there was a great and dis-
orderly crowd assembled at the top of Lace-street. He and
police-officer 82 went to disperse the multitude. They were
successful in persuading the majority of the people to go
home, but the prisoner and a few of his companions deter-
mined to be unruly. The prisoner took up a large stone,
and, striking the officer on the head with it, knocked him
down. Another beat him on his arm with a stick, while the
prisoner, seeing him prostrate, kicked him several times.—
Police-officer 82 said, the prisoner and his companions were
exceedingly riotous, and the chief cause of the turbulance
which existed. The prisoner and another man, before they
touched the other officer, beat and kicked him (82) with the
most determined ferocity. They escaped then for want of
assistance, but knowing the prisoner, he went with two
others that morning, and apprehended him. When the offi-
cers approached, the prisoner seized a pitch-fork, and swore
he would stab the first man who ventured to touch him. The
prisoner was tined4os. and costs. In default of payment, he
was ordered to be imprisoned one week.

DEATH IN THE BOROUGH GAOL.—An inqueSt was held
before P. F. Curry, Esq., on view of the body of Peter
Mulloy, a prisoner in the Borough Gaol. Mr. Highton,
governor of the gaol said, the deceased had been committed
for trial for felony, on the 15th of January last. He was
tried at the sessions, was convicted and sentenced to twelve
months and hard labour. Before trial he was removed to the
fever ward, by order of the magistrates, upon the recom-
mendation of the surgeon, and removed from thence on the
3d of March. After conviction he was put to picking oakum.
Towards the middle of July he was removed to the Hospital
by direction of the surgeon, and was regularly attended by
him, and visited daily by the witness. Every attention was
paid to him, but he gradually declined, and died on Wednes-
day morning. Mr. Archer, surgeon of the gaol, corroborated
the former witness. On the 16th of last month deceased was
again sent to the hospital, as his constitution was evidently
breaking, and he had a cough and an abscess on the surface
of his body. A man who attended him as nurse said that
every attention was paid to him, and that he had everything
he expressed a wish for. The jury returned a verdict to the
effect that the deceased died from natural causes—namely,
disease of the lungs. We notice the circumstance to shew
that the most humane attention is shewn to prisoners who
labour under disease.

SUDDEN DEATH BY SUFFOCATION FROM EATING FISH.
—An inquest was held yesterday before Mr. Curry, on view
of the body of Peter Thompson, a man of 66 years of age.
On Tuesday last the deceased, who was a seaman, went from
the office of the owners of his ship where he and others
had been paid, and went to the house where they lodged
in Shaw's-alley. Pinner was ready for them, and they sat
down at table. The deceased had some fish and potatoes
mixed. and took a piece between his finger and thumb, and
put it into his mouth. He immediately gave a slight cough,
and laid his head on the table. One of the men remarked
that his (deceased's) lips were turning blue ; and he was im-
mediately raised and found to be (lead. He appeared to be
quite well when he sat down. A. surgeon was sent for the
moment lie was observed to be ailing, but when he arrived
life was quite extinct. Mr. Taylor, surgeon, of Nile-street,
'made a post mortern examination, and staied. that on open-
ing the throat found a piece of dried fish lodged in the
larynx, which had produced suffocation and death. The jury
returned a verdict accordingly.

HOUSE-BREAKING AND RODDEDY.—Yesterday, at the
Police Court, a young man named Henry Rawsthorn was
placed at the bar, charged with this serious offence. It ap-
peared in evidence, that Mr. Monies, drysalter, who resides
in Upper Beau-street, had, yith hit; family, grqr. on Saturday
the 31st. ult., to lodgo for a time at Seacombe. Mrs. M.
locked all the cupboards and drawers before she went, and
left the servant girl in charge of the house, with directions
to lock it up, and to bring the key to her at Seacombe on
Monday, which she did, having made all the windows and
doors fast. On the evening of the day after, (the 3rd. inst.)
Mr. Slater, joiner and carpenter, who resides in Beau-street,
opposite to the house occupied by Mr. Monies, observed the
shutters of the parlour partly open, and soon after saw the
prisoner go up to the house, get over the pallisades, and try
the kitchen window. He (the prisoner) then went to the
front door, where he stood for five or ten minutes, a tall man
then opened the front door and let him in. Witness desired
his servant to go and knock at the front door and ask for
the servant, and see if all was right. She went and knocked,
but the door was not answered. He then went for a constable
and they went together to the house. They found the back
door open ; they went up stairs, and found the drawers and
boxes open. and articles piled on the bed, as if ready for
removal, and others strewed about the floor. Inspector
Goodie was informed, and saw tile tame, The latter found
a hammer and a sorew,driver; 'wilioh were afterwards identi-
fied by Mrs. Monies as hers. He afterwards went out by
the front door, and the prisoner was pointed out to him,
and he apprehended him. He took him to Mr. Slater's who
identified him, and handed witness a box of lucifer matches
which he had found in the passage ; some similar matches
were found on the prisoner. Mrs. Monies received infor-
mation of the house being entered from Mr. Goudie, and on
examining the drawers and cupboards that had been forced,
missed a quantity of bed and table linen (which she specified)
together with wearing apparel, &c., to the value of £25 to
£3O. The prisoner wrs committed for trial at the Assizes.

WALTON BENEVOLENT SOCIETY.--The twenty-ninth
anniversary of the Farmers' Benevolent Society was held at
the house of Mrs. Stanley, Black Horse Inn, Walton, on
Monday last, according to custom, it being the second Mon-
day in August. ' The members (according to the roll-book,
being 222) began to assemble at ten o'clock, and by eleven
most of them were present, tpgether with Joliffe's excellent
band. At eleven precisely they moved from the B 1.7:
Horse, in procession, to the Vicarage, the band playp
several tunes on the way, headed by the president Mr. 'A rn.
Young Nutt, the vice-president, Mr. Charles Musker, and
the surgeon to the society, Mr. N. Harming. The vicar, the
Rev. Thomas Moss, having joined the procession, they pro-
ceeded to Walton Church, when the prayers were read by
the Rev. Mr. Wilson, curate, and the vicar preached a most
excellent sermon from the lst Epistle of St. Peter, chap. iii.
and part of the Bth verse, " Love as brethren." The pro-
cession then proceeded from church ronnd the village, the
vicar honouring them with his company as far as his resi-
dence. The dinner took 'place at three o'clock, which was
served up in Mrs. Stanley's best style, and really did her
great credit ; the wines, &c. were of the best quality. Among
the company present we noticed Michael Ashcroft, Esq.,
George Wright, Esq., John Sanders, Esq., Mr. Henry
Paris, Mr. Nanning, &c., and about 200 members of the
society. In the evening they proceeded in marching order
to pay their customary visit to their old friend, George
Wright, Esq., where they were regaled as usual with a barrel
of ale on the green in front of his house, the ladies with
wine, &c.,
The
every one seemed highly pleased, the band
playing " The line old English gentleman," &c., &c. They
returned to their club-house about eight o'clock, and by this
time the tables on which they dined had been moved from
the spacious tent which had been erected for the occasion,
where the ypung people of the village enjoyed themselves
with dancing, singing. &c. till a late hour, when they all dis-
persed, highly pleased with the day's•amuseraent. This ap-
pears to be an excellent society. According to the statement
of the annual balance-sheet they appear to have paid, during
the last year, about £206 to sick members belonging to the
society, besides nearly £6O for funeral money, and about
£l5O for other expenses and by' the management of the
committee and officers have this year saved £l7 ss. 6d., be-
sides leaving cash in bank £1226195. 6d., and cash on hand
£39 3s: 6d. It was also 'state'd at dinner, that Richard
.Squires, Esq. had presented the society that day with £1 Is.
Williani HarveY, Esq.. £2 25., John Harvey, Esq. £1 is.,
Miss HarVey £1 is., and John Sanders, Esq. LI Is., for
which they were very thankful.
WARRINGTON—EXCLUSIVE DEALING.--A. public meet-
ing of the inhabitants of \Yarrington was held, on Monday
afternoon, at the Sessionsr Room,' find, afterwards, by ad-
journment (in conie.quence of the vast number of persons
attending), at the Lion Hotel, for the purpose of considering
whether any or 'what steps should be taken to put a stop to
the system of exclusive dealing, now carrying on in the town.
William Gill, Esq., the senior constable, filled the chair ;
and amongst the leading members of both parties present
were—J. W. Patten, Esq., M.P. ; Joseph Crosfield, Esq. ;
Thomas Lyon, Esq. ; William Hall Esq. ; Dr. Kendrick ;
Richard Harrison, Esq. ; John Clare, Esq. ; Joseph Per-
rin,Esq.the Honourable and Rev. Horace Powys,
rector of Warrington • H. Stanton, Esq.; J. B. Edelsten,
Esq. ; B.- Molineux, 'Esq. • H. Hardy, Esq. ,• R. Brown,
Esq. ; Rev. T. Lowe; and the Rev. T. V. Bayne. The
meeting was also attended by a vast number of operatives.
The rector of Warrington, in an address of some length,
spoke of the ill effects resulting from combinations raised for
any purpose, and particularly
of the town into a nar ie I ;
•
' • t-- 4r P•lannet. lie condemned the
for that of directing the trade
system altogether'; and' hoped that, now the election was
Over, and 'partY 4pirit had, in Sande :degree subsided, it would
be " given ul3" by Sll parties. He afterwards moved a reso-
lution to that effect, which was seconded by John Clare,
Esq., and supported-by John W.
had practised delusive dealing with him
for mere
Patten, 'Esq., M.P. EY-
lands, a chartist; Movedl!), an amendment, attributing all the
,:
blame in establishing a 'system
Of exclusive. dealing to the
tories, who, he said
and the adoption of a petition to that effect, to be
than tin* *l's, and' Suggesting, as a remedy, vote
presented by lgr. Blackburne, the borough member, to by ballot,
par-
liament. This amendment the chairman declined to put,
it being out of the terms of the notice ; and, the original
motion having been negatived by an overwhelming ma-
jority, the chairman declared the meeting dissolved, and
• left the chair. Rylands was then called to the chair, and
some foolish speeches were made.

STrAM TO HArstRIMOIL—We are glad to perceive that a
direct communication between this port and Hanaburigh is
about to be opened. The vessels appointed are the Ham.
burgh, Captain Bridge, and the Manchester,-Captain Bohn.

VESTRY MEETING.—A. parish vestry meeting was held in
St. Nicholas's Church yesterday, when Mr. Peter Plumpton
was elected an assistant overseer and collector of the poor's

Some teetotallers had .an excursion up the river a day or
two ago, and the bills announcing the great event to the
party intimated that they would take water at George's pier.

PICTURES.A collection of good pictures, by modern
artists, is on sale at Mr. Burton's, Bold-street. We ob-
serve several sketches by Mr. Bowness, a young artist of

great promise.
OLD OFFENDERS.—John Murray, a young man, and
Catherine Carr, a young woman, were yesterday placed at
the bar of the police-cOurt, charged with an intent to commit
felony. They were found together under circumstances of
strong suspicion, and on their persons were found several
skeleton and other keys. The man had previously been ten
times committed, and on the last occasion was imprisoned
for 18 months. The. girl had been three times committed.
The former was sent to gaol for three months, and the latter
for one month.

THEFT FROM AN EMPLOYER.—At the police-court, yes-
terday, a man rimed John Higham was charged with having
stolen some pieces of sheet lead and some files from the pre-
mises of his employer, Mr. Berry, engine-builder. It
appeared in evidence that the prisoner had been suspected,
and that he was detected going out of the gate with some-
thing bulky under his jacket,. which proved to be the lead
prbdueed. Five files were also found possesSion be-
longing to Mr. Berry. He was committed for trial.
DANIEL O'CONNELL IN A SCRAPE.—At the Police-court,
yesterday, a youth, named Daniel O'Connell, was placed at
the bar, on a charge of " not begging," but of stealing a
gammon of bacon. The great " Dan," it is well-known,
is often guilty of begging, and that too not from the rich
alone of his deluded admirers, but from the poorest of his
countrymen, who can ill spare their mite, to make up the
extortion which he impudently denominates " as if
some value were given for what he shamelessly pockets; yet,
strange to say, while the destitute mendicant in the streets
is apprehended and punished, the ", big beggar man" passes
from door to door unmolested in his vocation. Dan going
" the whole hog" with his " gammon," contrives to " save
his bacon." His young namesake (for so his probably was)
was not so lucky. For his appropriating the gammon of
bacon he was consigned to durance vile for 14 days.

THFATILE-ROYAL.—To-night Madame Vestris will take
her benefit. She has obtained the assistance—if any were
wanting—of that most delightful actress, Miss Ellen Tree,
who will play the charming part of Julia in " The Rivals."
" The School for Scandal " was capitally represented on
Wednesday night. Mr. Farren's Sir Peter 7eazte was a
most finished and artist-like perforinance.—We perceive that
on Monday next Mademoiselle Taglioni's young—and as
many have asserted, successful—rival, Mademoiselle Cerito,
will make her first appearance. Her engagement is only for
four nights. The metropolitan press has been unanimous in
commendation of Mademoiselle Cerito, and all London has
run after her whenever she has appeared. Monsieur Guerra, an
accomplished and graceful dancer, will assist Mademoiselle
Cerito, in conjunction with Miss O'Bryan.—On Friday the
musical amateurs will be delighted to find the elite of the
Italian Opera Company will make their appearance in Bel-
liiri's delicious Sonnambula.—Madame Grisi, Ernesta Grisi,
and Lablache are amongst the announcements of engage-
ments. Who says there is nothing to be seen at the Theatre
Royal ? The crowded houses of late bear witness of a willing-
ness to support that spirited establishment.
LAUNCII.—On Wednesday morning a beautiful ship was
launched from the building-yard of Messrs. William Simons
and Co. She is named the Argaum, and registers 460 tons
new measurement, and, from the fine frigate model of this
vessel, it is expected that she will be a very fast sailer. The
figure-head is allowed to be an admirable likeness of the
Duke of Wellington, who reckons, among his hundred fights,
the battle of the place whence the ship takes her name. The
Argaum is the property of Messrs. Ross, Corbett and Co.-,
of this town, is intended for the East India trade, and is to
be commanded by Captain John Leitch, junior, whose expe-
rience has made him well acquainted with that trade. While
Captain Leitch has earned the highest character as an able
seaman, his passengers on former voyages to the eastern seas
cherish feelings of the liveliest gratitude for his affability and
anxious attention to their comfort.—.Greenock Advertiser.

THE " TIMES' " ATTACK ON PROTESTANT ASSOCIA-
TIONS.—Some time ago certain very able articles appeared
in the Quarterly Review, exposing the principles, practices,
and tendency of popery in a manner that commanded univer •
sal approbation. These articles were attributed to Professor
Sewell ; and amongst others they challenged the approbation
of the Rev. Hugh M`Neile. The praise of that gentleman,
though masterly, just, and eloquent, was exceeded by the
somewhat slavish adulation paid to the writer by the Times.
With an unaccountable, but not unusual, inconsistency, the
Times last week fell foul upan those who take the lead in
agitating the protestant cause, the learned professor of course
amongst the number, and denounced them, and the associa-
tions that acted with them, as " incendiaries." It would be
of little use to explain the original causes that gave protestant
associations birth to an enemy like the Times, but to those
who do not know the circumstances it may be useful briefly
to state them in the words of a highly respectable correspon-
dent of the Morninglierald, and his plan of destroying them :
" The first occasion of the formation of this society was the
exposure, in 1836, of the monstrous intolerance taught by the
Romish hierarchy from Dens's theology, under thE sanction
of their bishops ; an exposure which has never since received
any refutation. Soon after that period the writer of this
letter joined the society, and ho only requires the Romish
church to act towards other communions as they act towards
her, in order to induce him to abandon it. For example,
there is not a Protestant state in Europe which prohibits the
profession of Romanism by its own subjects; let the Roman-
ist states do the same ; let Spain, Portugal, the Italian States,
and, especially the Pope, proclaim religious liberty to all
their own subjects ; let them permit them to erect Protestant
churches, and allow Protestant works to be printed and cir-
culated in the vernacular languages of their respective coun-
tries ; let them do this ; and let the Romanists in Ireland al-
low the Protestant electors as free an exercise of their fran-
chise and constitutional prerogatives as the Protestants of
England allow the English Romanists the exercise of theirs.
I say, let all these things be done, which are, in truth,
nothing more than common. justice, and it will be the deadli.
estblow that can be aimed at the Protestant Association."
VESSELS LOST.—lntelligence has been received at Lloyd's
of the loss of five vessels at sea during the late gale s.

Tuesday week a large schooner, called the Mari Ann, be-
longing to Aberystwith, wastotally lost off the shore at Fresh;
water, hear Milford harbour. It appears from the report of
the master, Captain Jones, who fortunately escaped, with
the rest of the crew, in a long boat, that the vessel was on
her voyage from Saundersfoot to Drogheda, and when about
eight miles below Milford harbour, it was discovered that-she
had sprung a leak, and five feet of water in her hold: The
crew took to the pumps, and used their utmost efforts to
save the vessel, but finding it impossible, after three hours'
exertions, they put the long boat over the side, and got clear
of her, and at the time above-mentioned, she sunk in deep
water. The vessel is stated to be insured, and the loss is
between two thousand and-three thousand pounds.—On
Tuesday week, during the violent and destructive hurricane
from the north west, the brig Othello, laden, was lost on
the Holy Sands off Yarmouth, about three o'clock in the
morning, and the crew narrowly escaped. The vessel was
bearing up the channel to the east of the sands, which extend
five miles in length, and a mile in depth, and at low water
are high and dry, and the weather at the time being extremely
dark, the crew were unable to see them until they came
within a cable's length, when it was too late, AO in the next
moment she ;struck, and imr.ne4liAtely iiitciied on her beam
ends. The crew got' into the b'Oats, and made for the shore,
and four hours after they were picked up by a fishing smack,
and conveyed to Yarmouth, where they were landed. The
vessel and cargo are valued at £3,000.—0n Monday, the 4th
instant, the splendid ship called the Inverness packet ran on
the rocks of Piedcar, and became a totd wreck. She was on
her passage from Stockton to Rochessr, and is valued at a
considerable sum. The crew escaped from the rocks by their
boats, and all were saved though greatly exhausted. She is
insured in several offices.

The average price of wheat in Paris is 16f. 40c. The 41b.
loaf (two kilogrammes), in Paris, is now 64 centimes (12
sous 4 centimes), or 61d. per loaf.
At a dinner last Thursday to Mr. Blennerhassett, who was
nominally defeated at the late unfair and invalid election for
Kerry, Mr. Sergeant Jackson suggested, very properly, that
parliament should be made ac9uainted, on an early occasion,
with the violence that prevailed at the Irish elections, as well
in Kerry as elsewhere.'

. .
The accounts from Tipperary exhibit a frightful state of
crime and disorganisation. On the 3d inst. two armed men,
with their faces blackened, were on the road side near Glen-
bower, waiting for the agent of the estate, with no very cha-
ritable intentions towards him. He, however, escaped them.
The following Friday three men attacked the house of Mr.
Wallace, a gentleman who has been active in preserving the
peace, and fired a pistol so close to his head that the flash of
its explosion singed his hair. He escaped only by the ball
having fallen out whilst the ruffian was striking Mrs. Wal-
lace. The villains wady., their escape.
A few days since a fisherman named Massey, residing at
New Romney, discovered in a pell at low water, and about
mid sands, a curious old measure resembling copper, and
holding about a pint, having a bell-metal handle with the
figure of a lion or some other beast thereon. On minutely
examining the body of it, the date 1412 was deciphered.
Some time ago two metal spoons were found on the same
spot, marked I 88. It will be in the recollection of some
of our readers that about twenty years since the keel of a
wreck was dug out from this place, and brought up to the
town, but the name and date of the vessel could not be as-
certained.—Kentish Gazetlq.
NEW ORLEANS.—A meeting of the chamber of Com-
merce at New Orleans has come, to a resolution to petition
congress to place the boats of the Royal West India Steam
Navigation Company upon the most favourable footing. If
this proposition were acceded to, a direct receipt of news
would take place every 22 days, and the line would commence
on the Ist of October. The routes were laid down thus :
No. 1 London to Havana, by way of Corunna, Funchal,
Barbadoes, and Nassau. Returning, Havana to London,
by way of Barbadoes. No. 2. On the arrival of the Lon-
don steamer at Havana, one steamer would leave for Hon-
duras, Vera Cruz, Tampico, New Orleans, and Havana.
Another would leave at the same time for New Orleans
direct, thence to Tampico, Vera Cruz, Honduras,' and Ha-
vana. No. 3. Halifax to Havana, by New ork and back.
No. 4. Barbadoes, Leeward Islands, Jamaica Etna back.

Comparing the present yith thp last parliament, it will be
found that the Bank of England Ims loSt one member—Mr.
Pattison. The London bankers haVe lost two members—
Mr. Grote and Mr. W. 44w00d. The country bankers
have lost stwO mcpabei;--.M17- tleCtor and Mr. Rickford.
The National Provincial Bank has lost two members—Mr.
Courteney and Lord liallyburton. The London Joint-stock
Banks have lost three members—Mr. Muskett, Mr. Wyse,
and Mr. Jervis. On the other hand, the London Bankers
have gained one—Mr. Masterman ; and the London Joint-
stock Banks have gained two—Mr. P. M. Stewart and Mr.
Rennie. The Irish and Colonial Joint-stock Banks remain
the same. Thus it will appear that the Bank of England
and the private bankers have, upon the balance, lost four
members, while the joint-stock banks have, upon the balance,
also lost four.

THE WELSH COAL FIELDS.—The Welsh coal fields ex-
tend over twelve hundred square miles, and there are twenty-
three beds of workable coal, having an average thickness of
ninety-five feet. Each acre will yield about one hundred
thousand tons, being at the rate of sixty-ftye million tons per
mile. If from this wii. deiNct 4:,0g, half
lor.waite, and the
minor extent of the nO6. heal, this willaftord a supply of
coal equal to, thirty-two million to,p. per square mile. Let it
be conceded' that five millions are eqAal to one-third of that
ccooantutimelpdtwioinilirtmEeetitgl,vlaittdh-La tplirebrip7o;etilpi
11,qt,iteuare mile of the Welsh
consumption of one
hundred years ; aiqrsis there. tiro fro 00,e thotisand to two
thousand square miles iii this district,, it would supply Eng-
land with coal for two thotts'and year aftcr all the English
mines were exhausted. ' '

TURNPIKE I
IcIADS IN GREAT BRITAIN.—The aggregate
length of the Turnpike Roads in Great Britain has been cal-
culated to be 25,000 miles, at a general breadth of from 50 or
60 feet. The cost of keeping these roads in repair differs
considerably in various counties, being in the neighbourhood
of London, an annual cost of £550 a mile, in Wales, £2O,
and in Yorkshire, £6O. The average, however, is about £5O
a mile. Nearly all the road trusts are in debt for borrowed
money, and it is supposed that the debt is on an average £320
a mile, or probably for the whole of these turnpike roads six
millions sterling.