The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-08-16 00:00:00

As my last letter contained som.
which the Greek church made in the vast kingdom of Russia,

thing of the progress

I proceed as briefly as possible with a continuation of this
peculiarly interesting subject, and show bow the whole of
that once barbarous nation embraced the Ch
"Vladimir, as I have before observed, was, for those dart

inn religion

a man of penetration and ability ; and, though lie embraced
the new faith, still being of a romantic turn of mind and of a

chivalrous na

to go in quest

his new

religion in the capacity of a warrior, and win it at the point
of his sword. The first place he attacked was Cherson, on
the Black Sea, which h

on of by the force of

and, being desirous to ally himself with the Greek

Emperor, in order, as may be supposed, to strengthen his
alliance with the church, the faith of which he had recently
embraced, he demanded the daughter of the Greek Emperor
in marriage, which was accordingly granted, they being not

at all reluctant to gain the friendship of so great a prince.
Upon the arrival of the princess at Cherson, Vladimir was
baptised under the name of Basil. Having restored the con-
quered city Cherson, to the Greeks, he departed into his own
country, taking with him a few priests for the purpose of
instructing his Pagan subjects, before whom the Russian idols
were destroyed, and they saw without a murmur the broken
fragments of Perune, their thunder god, floating down the
waters of theDneiper. Churches were erected; at the dedication
of the first edifice. Vladimir himself was present, and implored
the divine mercy on the building, asking the Almighty " to

hear the prayers of the good Russians." A change of religion
was followed by an entire change in the conduct of Vladimir,
ferocity gave place to mildness, and he established schools
for the purpose of instructing youth in the duties of the new
faith. Thus Vladimir endeavoured to propagate the Chris-
tian religion in the extensive empire of Russia. For six cen-

ent of a

;overnm

turies the Russian church was under the
church at Constantinople, some of the patriarchs being Rus-
sians. In the year 1240, the destruction of the city of Kieff,
by the Mongols, caused the removal of their see to Vladimir,
from whence it was transferred to Moscow. Isidore, for giving
in his adhesion to the council of Florence (1434), was first
imprisoned and then banished by his indignant countrymen.
In 1467, Paul 11. hoped to gain over the Greek church by
bringing about the marriage of John Vasilovich with Sophia,
the heiress of the Greek Emperor; but she, as soon as she
entered Russia, showed herself orthodox, although trained in

the doctrines of the Florentine council. From the circum-
stance of the marriage of Sophia, the heiress of the Greek
Emperor, with the Russian, John Vasilovich, the arms of the
Greek Emperors, the two-headed eagle, were assumed by the
Russian Czar. The Russian bishops appointed their own
bishops, after the capture of Constantinople by the Turks, till
the time of Theodo-e. In the year 1588, Jeremiah 11., of Con-
stantinople,having been deprived of his office for defending the
rights of his church, fled into Russia; and, at his request, the
Czar made him the Russian patriarch. Job, after him, succeeded
to the patriarchal throne, as an independent patriarch. It
was ordained that the Russian should rank among the patri-
archates as the fifth and last. The Czar not being satisfied
with this arrangement, it was finally settled that Moscow
should take precedence of Jerusalem and of Antioch, yielding
only to Constantinople as to the "oecumenical patriarch,"
and to Alexandria as the " cecumenical judge." The Musco-
vite patriarchs were ten in number; the most famous of
whom were Philaret and Nikon—Philaret was noted for the
correction of errors which had crept into the Russian Tre-
buik or office book—Nikon ascended the throne A.D. 1653,
and was Philaret's third successor, and, like him, also de-
voted much of his time to the correction of the Sclavonic ver-
sion of scripture. The Czar had been accustomed to treat
the patriarchal office, up to the time of Adrian, with great
reverence. On the death of Adrian a successor was about
being elected, when Peter the Great entered the assembly
and stopped their proceedings by exclaiming, "I am your
Patriarch." Thus did the Czar, Peter, arrogate to himself
the title of head of the Greek Church in Russia. The first
"holy Synod" met in Moscow, and afterwards in St. Peters-
burgh, but all the members of the said Synod were under
the control and will of the Emperor. The inhabitants of the
Asiatic province Iberia or Georgia is now subject to the
Russian Synod. The province just alluded to was converted
from Paganism to Christianity by the means of a captive
Christian woman in the 4th century, by name Nunia. A
Bishop resides at Tiflis, a city of Iberia, who has the chief
control and direction of spiritual affairs, but subject to the
sanction of the Synod at St. Peteraburgh. There is also
another sect, called the Montenegrists, well worthy of notice,
and who have been of late formidable enemies to the Turks,
for whom, as well as for Rome, they have a mortal antipathy
and hatred. They are a bold race of mountaineers, hardy,
and able to bear mach fatigue. They inhabit the mountainous
district of Albania, and comprise about 60.000 inhabitants.
The growing strength of Russia and the decreise of the power
and influence of Turkey is evident; the lustre of the crescent
is fading gradually in the horizon to give place to the cross.
The Mussulman and the Turk trample upon those spots
where the religion of Christ first shone forth, and where the
pions mill), Christians uttered forth their prayers and sung
their hymns of praise to Slim—the mightiest of the mightiest,
..who ruleth all events—who

"Plants His niotateps on the sea,

And rides upon the storm."

Gathering clouds now obscure the horizon of the East.
Men whose minds are thoughtful look forward to something
which is now shadowed but faintly forth, but which time
alone will unravel.

The following table will show the numbers and extent of
the Greek Church:—
In Russia 50,000,000
In Turkey 12,000,000
In the Kingdom of Greece with Montenegro 800,900
In the Austrian Dominions
In the Patriarchate of Alexandria
In the Patriarchate of Antioch, including the
Antocephalous Inetropolitanate of Cyprus 150,C00
In the Patriarchate of Jerusalem 15,000

Sum total
Birkenhead, August 13, 1853

65,770,000
G. B. H.

THE FISH DINNER
(FROM THE PRESS.)

NOTIMPG is more remarkable in this age of progress than
the rapidity with which improvements are made in the
most recent inventions. The miracles of ether were almost
instantaneously cut out by chloroform ; and the last im-
provements in the electric telegraph, by which answers
are received before messages are sent, will always remain
a proud evidence of the inventive genius of the 19th cen-
tury. One of the most remarkable instances of this new
power was afforded in the acceptance by the Emperor of
Russia of the propositions of Vienna before they had
reached St. Petersburg. We are enabled this morning to
furnish our readers with a similar example of expeditious
information on a subject of domestic interest,—viz., the
Fish Dinner with which her Majesty's ministers celebrate
the close of the session, at the Trafalgar Hotel, Greenwich,
this afternoon.

As this festivity is a species of saturnalia, much depends
upon the happy levity of the chairman, who is, in fact, the
soul of the entertainment. The choice unanimously fell
on the Right Hon. Edward Strutt, who completely ful-
filled all the expectations of his friends. He was a source
of unceasing amusement. He was never heard to snore
except between the courses ; and, generally speaking, his
talking in his sleep was highly diverting.
In this reign of frolic the usual order of the toasts was
reversed, and the chairman began by giving "La Pre-
mire and the Ladies."

Lord Aberdeen acknowledged the toast, and said that
he had been called an old woman ; but old women were
made of very durable materials, as he trusted his govern-
ment was.

Lord John Russell spoke to the toast of " the Channel
Fleet," of which he said he was, as formerly, quite pre-
pared to take the command.
" Success to the Coalition" was responded to in a
speech of grave humour by Sir James Graham, who, hav-
ing in his time professed every shade of political opinion,
deemed himself a judge of the subject. He said the go-
vernment had been formed on the " enormous sacrifice"
principle, and that many of its members had sold them-
selves, as is usual under those circumstances, at half-price.
(Loud cheering from Lord Lansdowne, Lord John Russell,
Lord Palmerston, Lord Granville, Lord Canning, Mr.
Herbert, and others.

Mr. Gladstone spoke very playfully on the state of the
Exchequer Bills, and talked of probably ending his career
by being called to the Upper House, and founding a new
order of nobility, as Lord Discount Gladstone ; but Mr.
Bernal Osborne interrupting him with some improper
jokes about conversions, the right hon. gentleman looked
as if he were afraid of losing his temper, and somewhat
abruptly terminated.
The toast of " The Whips" was very much applauded.
Mr. Hayter gave a sketch of some " loose conversations"
he had held during the session with some loose fish—who,
however, were all caught—which was very funny. He
boasted of having some bait which was more attractive
than even whitebait. He spoke handsomely of his sub-
ordinates, which was earnestly and vociferously cheered
by Mr. G. Berkeley. Lord Mulgrave, however, on the
contrary, was suffused with blushes. _ _

Sir William IVrolesworth was requested to speak to the
toast of " Radical Reform." Unfortunately the right
hon. baronet took the matter gravely, and was dividing
the subject into various sections, before his audience found
out he was not joking. There were then loud cries of
" Divide !" and Bar !" but the right hon. gentleman
being used to these accompaniments, Went on quite un-
disturbed. _ _

The Duke of Newcastle delivered an enloginm on the
House of Lords, which he pronouncedlo be an assembly of
gentlemen, where you were never counted out when you
were speaking—as he invariably was in the House of
Commons. At the end -of his speech he qualified his
declaration that the lords were gentlemen, and said that he
confined the description to the government side of the house.
Capt. Bernal Osborne was called upon to return thanks
for the House of Commons, and as the gallant officer had
prepared himself for the occasion, by reading several of
Foote's farces, and the whole of " Joe Miller," a great
effort was expected ; but whether it were the heat of the
weather, the lateness of the hour, an indigestion of water
souchy, or a surfeit Of champagne, or, as was more gene-
rally believed, the jealousy of Mr. Lowe, who continually
interrupted him, the gallant captain broke down, and
seemed much discomfited. Seeing this, and remembering
Captain Bernal's faithful services, some few years ago, in
getting up the Hungary debate at the end of the session,
which gave Lord Palmerston an opportunity of calling
Lord Aberdeen, amid the plaudits of Lord John Russell,
" a piece of antiquated imbecility," the noble viscount
came to the rescue with a happy diversion, and, the toast
of their "Next merry meeting," introduced into his
speech several happy recitations from the New Whig
Guide, which made everybody laugh amazingly.
The Solicitor-General then gave " Tke Conservative
ClpOr and the party brplie up.

USE (

IRlsn I

NIALmEssuRN

spoke of M
Compensatic

the Consol

third time an

minutes after

PILOTAGE

A. AND

TP_E.RIAL PARLI

LORDS

and Sout

:nt Cot

Bill, a

Lculttuists

Napier
Bill, it

by on the subject, and the propos

the house was to reject the Tenants (
but to permit the two other bills to /

—After some discussion, th
second time, on the understanding tl
be proceeded with this session.
Several bills were forwarded'a stag
adjourned at half-past ten o'clock.

Newcasth

Tenants

from t

THURSDAY, AUGUST 11
The Naval Coast Volunteers Bill, the

innuities (Ireland)
Acts Continuance (Ireland) Bill, t
Amendment Bill, and several privet

heir

FRIDAY, AuGus.
—The Earl of ALB:

Egli vessels escaping

h com:

lls were-read

t they were not to

to take pilots
might be inser

would not permit hill to do anything me
the answers which he had already given. '
of the Government was an honourable peau
unwilling to say anything which might im

was dischar

Bill, I t

Le the peace-

able solution of the present crisis
PILOTAGE BILL.—Lord STAN
moving the second reading of this bill, took occasion to
refer to the gloomy anticipations which had been enter-
tained by some of their lordships as to the consequences of
the repeal of the navigation laws. Instead of the fatal

results which were predicted, the n
_ _

kiderley, in

country, had flourished beyond all pre<
to do so down to the present time.
previous to the repeal of the navigation 1
of British shipping entered inwards ai
8,152,000; in 1852 it was 8,727,000. In 1849 tl
new vessels was 121,000; in 1852 it was 170,0

849, the last ye

he tonnage

and outwards was

the men employed amounted to 237,000 ; in
So far, therefore, from receiving injury the s

In 1849
2,13,000.
• interest

had derived the greatest advantages fromthe change
Her Majesty's Government had introduced

Lolequestion, howeve

I Chancell

emission, whose report he nau
to expect would be ready in,
bject early next session, Ira
.1 for the ePhtohuse question

SOLIDAT

second time

Id meantime li

FUND (£10,634,087 2s. 7d•) BILL

On the third reading of the
ores ells
- -

11, Mr. J. WILSON took t

stance rendered in

)y. the Commissioners 02- "to
acknowledgments Leknowledgments likeivLse;

xa. I

mrmony, comp.

as labours of the last twenty-five years.
CRIES QUESTION.—The order for the resuraPt

ged.
House

R on the question of referring,
Liberty Bill to a Select Contettee

-The Betting Houses Bill nlidfrh
iP third roadinon find tossed

Mr. BOTIVERIE obtained leave to bring in a it 5
amend the law relating to the boundaries of burg
Scotland.
Several other bills were advanced a stage, and
house adjourned at half-past two o'clock. .

THURSDAY, AUGUST 11. for the
At ten o'clock, night, the hour appointed, oe,
first time in its history, for an assembling of the Mbou,
there were about twenty members present, among W
were Sir W. 3,lolesworth and Mr. Strutt, 'two of the A
-`—ration. As five minutes after five minutes elaPr'
-4-;11 not appearing, sor--" •

ahnasv
anxiefy became manifest in the conversation of them
‘ve;t
hers present, who were exchanging questions as 1° ' nt
was to be done in case the Speaker should not arris'e • e
all, though on that event on the stroke of twelve, tat
Speaker not having taken the chair, the only aPlfleou,
n seen for the members, Who had 21"' the
ntil the ordinary hour of meeting n.„3

)uld have i

lad arrived ; but the mote
the chair until five mill
g it expedient to wait until "a hone
illy made, so that the exertion to combine 'light
amount of business with the pleasures of the day n
not be frustrated by there being, after all, "no how d,
The Speaker then reckoned the house, as usual
~Z.
finding that forty members were present, took the e" tee

Leed that the s
.ntleman did no

XCHEC

on the motia

The Friendly Societies Bill, the Metropolitan Se fl
Acts Continuance Bill, the Copyhold, &c., Comraisse°o
Continuance Bill, and the Lunatics' Care and Treat-lae,
Bill (with an amendment) were severally read a third

d.
J3il!
der for the third reading of the Crown Stu-'

was discharged.
The Militia Pay Bill passed through committee.
The house adjourned at a quarter to twelve o'clock

FRIDAY.

AUGUST 12

The house met at four o'clock.—Petitions were
.P 11;
Anted by Mr. T. B. HORSFALL, in favour of legabs'ild
marriage with a deceased wife's sister, from the tovlL,
Liverpool, signed by the mayor, 6 es-mayors,ll mag,istraT;
31 clergymen, 37 aldermen and councillors, 31 dissen
ministers, 130 physicians and surgeons, 63 barristers the
attorneys, 275 bankers and merchants, and others to wej
number of 5,659 ; and from the town of Stockport, sig:,(l
by 4 dissenting ministers, 5 surgeons, 1 attorney,
the nature of
others to the number of 181.

LAND IN AUSTRALIA.—In answer to a question
PEEL said, that undoubtedly every practicable and Pr.°s
facility ought to be given to emigrants for the acquisl'ire
of land in Australia. At present the price of land rbe
was, on the average, above £1 an acre, fixed by act of par
liameut, but communications were proceeding with aye
Australian Legislatures, with a view to enable tP"
legislatures themselves to fix the future price of land' 'a
AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS.—Mr. CARDWELL 'lt
such an experiment had been begun under the
P.
favourable auspices in Scotland, and he was now ensbeeo
to lay before parliament some of the returns which had')
collected there.
SECONDARY PUNISHMENTS.--011 the order for the 'Ol3
reading of the Transportation Bill, Mr. KEATING ad.Vel:,6le
to the novel and, as he considered, objectionable Iola", Iv
of granting to convicts tickets of leave, which would
troduce, he said, in the country a new class of Perl,h,
who, although quasi freemen, capable of contracting. °.
• •of be'n°
gations, would be yet in the anomalous position re.
liable to have their liberty abridged at the will of a Sec 41
this
tary of State.—Lord PALMERSTON sal,. matt`
oyss
received most deliberate consideration, and would, It
thought, be attended with considerable advantage: on.
was believed that, after a period of preliminary itaPrise of
ment and employment upon public works, the
obtaining a ticket of leave would tend to prodlre r 1 eu
tion and good conduct in order to merit this ardent for
Imprisonment and forced labour would be silffliTo the
the purpose of example, and, as far as the sec?-1:I''•' safe-
public went, the proposed system afforded adth,P°lt'icket of
guards. The liability of the party to have his ost
leave recalled in case of misconduct, and r 111•. bi.
upon the prison or public works, would Wethe bill waS
of self-control.—After a short discussion

read a third time and passed. in moVing
U ELECTORAL IMPRITY.-Mr. WALPOL7,
Bill,
ti-D"
,secosaidndhereadindid reading
measurefrithteenCdorrutopptrPesrasetthiceesatElectio,ls
session ; he wished merely that its object should be under
stood, which was declared in the title—namely, to COr
solidate and amend the laws relating to bribery, treating'
and intimidation at elections.

The house then went into committee on the Vaccing;
tion Extension Bill, the clauses of which were agreed tof
fter discussion. The orders for the second reading :5,
tty Sessions (Ireland) Bill and the Summary Jl.ll"re
1 (Ireland) Bill were discharged. Other billaer
second time, and the house adjourned at a qu'-'
Ist nine o'clock.

TUESP

SILIPPIN(

AUGUST 16

MISCELLAA

,SEAMtN.--.The
ar Last. There have be

hi Pta are 9s

to sea without disputing with the men reg.
the manning scale, which seems to be adopted by t
generally.—Sunderland Herald.
Tug STEAMER ARGENTINA, belonging to the Soutt
Ikulevican and General Steam Navigation Company, has
13: Ported at Lisbon, the passage from Birkenhead to that
rtliaving occupied only four days and two hours, during
-413 'Vs of which she encountered strong head wx—
a heavy sea. During the last two days of her passage
Made 620 miles, being at the rate of about thirteen knots
hour, Which may be considered an extraordinary run
or a vessel of 120-horse poer.
ISLE of MAN DUTIES.w
—By the new. Customs Act
applicable to the Isle of Man one-ninth part of the gross
rviand evenue of d
the island is secured for local purposes in the
;an the Tynwald have the ower of
~ecting and controlling thexpenditure of the money
.713111 g from the surplus revenue, to that extent, for tht
PurPose of local •

-- improvements--that is to say, for the
Public
narbotu.s and ports of the island, or for any other insular
works to which Tynwald shall see fit to devote the
funds intrusted to its management, the harbours "taking
T
Priority
Fover other public works."
unZE,... ALK.LIII D ISLANDEL—ThP ~,r

—, tvi. bamuy in ine x am-
__
--,, .., Decoming an important station for British and
,411stralian, American an .4 .•4 • ornian steamers round the
turn, together with the ' •' iility of these islands being
sPeedily made a Govern i;. i convict depot, have caused
great exertions to send out a timely supply of coal. There
were lately loading at Cardiff the Sea Bird and the Chester,
and in London the Cassiterides, with coals direct for the
Falklands, intending to return thence, it is said, with
guano, the quality of which, according to Professor Play-
fair's recent report to the commissioners of emigration,
will render it a valuable cargo after being screened.
SERIOUS MIITINY.-011 the mornin of the of
May, a serious mutiny occurred on board the shiplBth Rock-
land, bound from New York for Australia, with 200 emi-
grants. The disturbance commenc themaongst some Eng-
lish and Irish sailors, who answered captain insolently.
A man named Bolt refused to do duty, and when the
(captain ordered him into irons the rest of the crew went
forward and armed themselves with belaying pins. A
Ps revolver brought them to their senses, and six of
qatil the
lile ringleaders, all English and Irish, were put in irons
d vessel all
at Rio Janeiro, when they were
Aelivered over to the authorities. The object of the
tisittinraecuars. Was to induce the captain to discharge them at
b IW. 'ups
_Awn
CURRENTS—It is generally known, we.
e Jere, that Lient. Maury, of the American navy, who is
rector of
the Observatory
found a
tulle Past ero i at Washington,. has for some
h I)..°Yed himself in endeavouring to
new
vt-st °l9 of need
which, perhaps, may be found
ihigthasia.,
I),,rneedficialv ; indeed,. '0 far as experience has yet gone,
trohable that Liee7it 6 ble. At the same time, it is
.sTialucre;, like other new inventors, may
tleieta°,, sanguine of success. We cannot enter into all his
e
tsla es• Soule of which we consider rather visionary.
Plan of L'eat Maury,
tual', ___ • notwithstanding, 1‘..,•_17 yrove useful although many years must elapse
pos•"iaeseeft
eall.be made extensively practicable. for the pur-
way to Bras , . is visit .
navigation If to Liverpool wteashoenhehlids
for th els, Where a Maritime Congress is ma e cussion and regulation of the objects which Mr.
preeniarYtedhatws nenvitywor, the Utilityof which will be more ap-
preseut. hence than it can be at
Frozn the. e_xten_Yt_yoefaroscean
Lance of the count traffic, and the dis-
requires to be . „ries which the commerce
visir'eti 't • bt favourable time to
of the world
ftnimenee
811°1
" is'
no
d°u
' a Mercantile
Gaette. all oPeratioo,_shipping and
LT.

-AB/Tarr OP PRIXCIpkts At the Flintshire assizes,
ie cause of Roberts v. HunlP.--hreY
CaulPhell and a sow
8 was
was brought by
farmer at Rh 1,,„, illrY.
rne
ne
I 1 nt at Liverpool
tried before Lord
to recover R 64' 4.4.-ainst a corn. mer la
Peeks of .-1,--, 168* Ra
'-‘
_ _

3,-) h bb -.ieat at 17s. per hobbet of 168 lbs.,
„-.., me value of 40 nozo3o4erssa.,i6u4
The 0 ets at 16s. 6d £9l 15s ; and 32 sacks, £1 13s.
r,avidesefenda,
him such
defendant emplo;ed'a person at St. Asaph, named
stuns Davies, as ms agent, and from time to time sent. .
an
of moms agent,
and such instructions as his position as
agent r
tge 4. eV-tired. Davies also employed as his clerk and
,s,. a Person named Thomas Jones, who managed his
Davies s and was the medium of communication between
and Mr. Humphreys, as the former did not undeF-
th nil flglish. On the 26th of January last, Jones,dien.
fe epresenee of a person named Wilson, clerk to th;. _
Ittell„7lt,,Purchased, at Rhyl, from the plaintift_Mr. dispute.
ql,s, the wheat which was now the matter in
an.
was corn was delivered at Rhyl in the usual manioneer,.. de
aftiS received in Liveool .by the defendant,. so . . 'maga
bis.te mom sale the plaintiff's son came to Liverpool to d
Pendant y from the defendant, but on seeing
l disclaimed the agency of Davies, him the e-
Zell determined several months, and advis
b this' time
saleti'dtbtlelaptleitiohtaidff
,n,aPPly to Davies for the £6O. Davies had 3'
ti4e,4,l„te ?tr. Humphreys' debt on his agency
that ir.l,ll' imagined, as counsel for the plaintiffhim be might, at
ac cou n account,
suggested,and
I.,_L" he could get no money from
mthe farmers towards
tr4c, get through him corn from
liquidating it.---The defence was that
14111311reSS, was the party
and that the defendant was the account he
Dda.vti
hades, andbee
been
not
given,.l It.
h ht there was
warts call ed upon to pay.—His
tonowthlional4ceretfoiv
lordship
tukiance of evidence of the
to be understood d in the neigh-
agency of Davies to Hum-
tureY, and that seemed urhood. There defendant no roof of the revocation oraf tulsie
agencY ; and as th had had the corn, he t
PaY for it. If Davies was Humphreys' agent, and Jones
Was Davies', then, though Jones might have negotiated
the sale for Davies without knowing that he was Hum-
phreys' -agent, still defendant must pay the debt. —The
jury found a verdict for the plaintiff, damages £6O 16s. 6d.
LATnicu oP TRU Sclurw STEAmEn LITSILLITIA.--On.
Tuesday. the Lusitania, the thirds crew steamship belong-
ing to the South American and General Steam Navigation
Company, intended to sail between Liverpool and South
America, was launched at Birkenhead from the building-
yard of Mr. John Laird. The weather b • bright,
bents
warm, and sunny, a very gay and pleasing spectacle pre-
sented itself to the numerous and highly gratified specta-
tors. The important ceremony of naming the vessel de-
volved on Mrs. Thompson, wife of one of the Liverpool
managers of the company, and that lady performed the
duty with much grace and suitable dignity. The vessel
glided steadily
. along in her course towards the water,
took an admirable plunge as she reached it, making the
srnooth water surge again in fbaming eddies as she clove
its bosom, amidst the reiterated and prolonged cheers of
!,11 spectators. The Lusitania may be described as a twin
2,34:1P with the Brazileira, being built on the same lines as
cvelse,l, and with the like power. The Lusitania is
1,200-eei.: to and
30 feet beam, and 22 feet deep. She
inis
tons new measurement. Her engines,
totocess of construction by Messrs. Fawcett, Preston, and
which are
in 41(.4' this town, are of the same amount of power as thoseo
be , ~,e „,i3razileira—namely, 200 horse-power. There i.._to
~,,' unierence in the mode of applying their power. 11. a
Minders
wheels,
diabaet of the Lusitaina• 's engines
.w.ill be 54 inches in
se , er, with 4 feet stroke and gearingdriving.
a. to test the
gearia e comparative
°IIIP hg;,..,_4llecYlinders being the same size as .
merits of ditrieicetßavitzilioeniro. an,sd,
tiara- c4e,:ug. .4 Flinders
stroke; instead of 2 f.eetto9baes
eolumnitheanlasdetci
by esseL The Lusitania which is
13irk_ d James
„a- will take
rheeirmadme
Tteithead
-:9;?fs- for' Lisbon, from
Rio
eito, and Monte Video, on the 24th October nest.
4' Dirke t,
heibi n-ead yard, will now be
for the Pen-
appropriated to the
lessuzig of the Nubia and Pera, sister ships,.
Way
~.r and to Company. The Nubia is now
Teked uP, and the framing of the Pera is ready to be
hese on the spot whence the Lusitania was launched.
• ese vessels are 286 feet long, 39 feet beam, and 30 feet
rul depth of hold. They will be 2,125 tons register, old
aleasurenan, or
ever'26oo tons new measurement, being the
rgest vessels built on the Mersey, and they will be
()repelled by engines of 450 horse- wer The Nubia,
Which is in a forward state, will givNe a goo. d idea of what
may be expected from these vessels, f though she is such
an immense sheshi has all the belrtitY of a Yacht, and
she will, it is expected, attain a speed which will prove the
best ever accomplished by screw steamers up to the time of
her launching. The Northern Light, which is the same size
as the Charity, with power as great as the Brazileira, for
the, Li
verpool branch of the African Company's line, and
the
Ilalliana, 1,600 tons, for the Brazilian Company, will
be launched from Mr. Laird's Liverpool yard in October,
bil.essrs. Fawcett and Co. are to construct the engines for
)lave"e Nuba, the Pera, and the Bahiana. They will thus
every opportunity to show what Liverpool engines
can do.
P_Co_IIPA.R.A.TIVE STRENGTH OP THE ENGLISH AND
. uEl's oil NAVIES.—There are in the French navy 392 ships
Lnl4 all'
°f
which I°B are steamers. Great reliance is placed
tlie chants ge now effected by this new feature in naval
:"I,IZI Fla much our neighbours have certainly done,
Busnalias _theY have addressed themselves to a point,
they anus.who°t dim° rill tte.ya have a •
ttamed a great success.
rolPete I: nch of their service attempt to
sayourame.s(l,l,;CAT should encounter them upon the
I,eadlly roahitanai two to one and this advantage we
(4.
"twit'. - ' °i 1. d°clEYa'rds now furnish a scene
launches ire'Pa-ralleled for many years past. Fresh
new lines e°llstantly made, and the slips being cleared,
• "e laid, al d
spaces.
freshisassk jetons of lev
slupWrightf ,
e„I under the
_s „living hand of the
i.efit should be.
much complacent occupy the
from this ainusive iaThtliane refoadruis-
rtiool n. and self-satisfyine.gr ruuami useless, armament is ome .81' iiii- vast, but comparatively
armoury at the
none'Tower wine-i,i•hasservveais for a show, like the
blacksmith, but
for the sol •
a_ ne as a studio for the
the stocks and off the stock ,oer. We have ships on
lu.:tinna.:ltiat,taionsd ships. fil esse 'a
8 shipsneshi,oll foreign and on
whe '' ''' ships Pambrig ; but men, i'ken Posse, ships
.___ re are they? In the American sc-eeartin thlirnisia;
-r_rvel.e„e, in every service except that o old' England ! We
"nlaY., torfeited the regard of these . unertd rat ~ e sturdy fellows, by
comfort aboard cl wages, by Want of
Centive ' 8/11P, and by the , Pru Per of
to
refusing
`ill, --sneh as 1 . absence of proper in-
- _ . ucratwe posts attainable by most, if not
, ,
._,,, r
aWR Ile o. wee for. them by good conduct by
Peet of e --".' acquisitive mourn t ' '
spit
_nioltunent, and the o serve without a pre?'
l' 'e of richest merit,zeal, by
c; e ambitious pine to see that, in
promotion cometh neither from
4 ilgicvresfi,a_
ready
west?' In France a naval con-
t 9 such e0Z.7.. -137. command of men ; the population
^e is 5i.,,Z.771?ti0n being 139.310 men. Their term
lie. 1,1.47 in" 01 all, in detached periods of 18 months
great abatenie ny causes this number is to be taken
bsent, ruin; II" A large proportion would of course
Ailable fore
bora
40,000 e is
---.-•'hg the demands of commerce, but the
supposed to full e 60,000 men, of
leeustclhed to nw°llll
duties re be. complete seamen; the others are
autical life, but are not fully habituated to
thee British gull from them on board ships of war. In
force a„„
_egister we fu1175,000, but only an available
dispatiow e__' u 400.0 men, together with 45,000 men and boys
na„,ed in the rot 1 .•
rity a service. The reason of the great
te be
sheen the registered and available numbers
bunter' med by considering the immense forei
KI:, ce of England in conaparison with that of France;
Oine-at one-th'-1--“,1 of our sailors may be supposed to be
outWardbound vessels, so that the numerical
(ads thus •
Lies searren on register
Ide!S one-tbird ontvierd bound .
. si
uth homewardone- bound. ..60,000
4
bnn port .. . • , 3
o,oor
Exempt from impreSsMent . .. :•
aew I
krunser Available in,
case of war .
li

175,000

...-... 1757000

:-1800 yards
remnants, 641

3,360 s

and- Orleans cloth, 1799 yar

100 yards ; sofa covers, 1(

carpeting

68 yards ; hOrse cloth, 560 yaids ; unbleached

calico, 68 ya:

rItE SCREW SquADEoN.—The captains of the screw-
steamers Dauntless, Highflyer, and Encounter have re-
ceived instructions to place themselves under the direction
of the senior officer of the screw squadron, (Capt. Robert-
son,) who is required to proceed with them in the Arro-

he purpose or testing tueir respective
qualities, under sail and steam, both at full speed and
working expansively. After being at sea fourteen days he
s is to go into Lisbon to complete his coals and fresh provi-