The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-09-21 00:00:00

CLERICAL INTELLIGENCE.

RAILWAY AFFAIRS,

The Trent" Valley Railway was opened on Wednesday.
A portion of the Edinburgh and Northern Railway—
from Burntisland to Cupar and Lindores—was opened on
Friday.
The South Staffordshire reportprogress, aid announce
that the portion of the line between Walsall and Bir-
mingham will be opened very shortly.
LIVERPOOL, ORMSKIRK AND PRESTON.—The works
of this, line are being pushed forward with,vigour. It is
said that the Fast Lancashire. the lessees of the line, in-
tend applying next session for a bill to construct an inde-
pendent station at Preston.
.The dividend of the Liverpool and Glasgow is at the
rate of six per cent. per annum on all the stocks, clear of
income-tax. The meeting was made special to authorize
the conversion of shares into stock, and •the amalgama-
tions with the Edinburgh and Bathgate and Wilsontown,
Morningside and Coltness, all which were agreed to.
A man, named Richard Lamburn, was killed on the line
of the London and North-western Railway, on Saturday.
He had been employed in fixing .the wires of the electric
telegraph near the Ponsby station, and, crossing the line,
he was knocked down by an engine, and died almost im-
mediately from the injuries 'he received.
The far-famed Furness Abbey, once a retired place,
-has, since the opening of the Furness Railway, become
one of great bustle and animation. The house formerly
occupied by the farmer has beeneonverted into a magni-
ficent hotel, and the railway which passes its noble front
brings pleasure-seekers, health-seekers, and antiquarians
from all parts of the country.
YORK AND NEWCASTLE RAILWAY.—On Monday week,
a woman of the name of Peel, aged 78 years, lost her life
on a public crossing of this railway. Having waited till a
train of coal wagons had passed, the deceased attempted
to cross the rails, and not perceiving a passenger train
proceeding in the contrary direction, she was struck down
by it and killed.
MANCHESTER AND SOUTHPORT RAILWAY.—The works
on this line are in full play. That portion of it which
will bring the Liverpool and Bury line through Wigan is
in the contractor's hands, and is to be opened simulta-
neously with the Liverpool and Bury. The portion be-
tween Wigan and Southport is expected to be opened in
twelve months, the remainder, from Wigan to Manches-
ter, when the tunnel is completed.
COMMUNICATION BETWEEN THE ELECTRIC TELE-
GRAPH AND LOCOMOTIVES.—An electric telegraph is in
active preparation along the railway from Vienna to
Prague. When completed, every locomotive is to be fur-
nished with a small electric apparatus, by the aid of which
and of a wire it 'can be put in communication with the
telegraph, and thus announce to every station the events
necessary to be known.
From official returns it appears that the amount of traffic
for the last week, on upwards of 3,152 miles of railway,
was £210,147, thus accounted f0r:—£117,846 for the con-
veyance of passengers only, £46,358 for the carriage of
goods, and a remainder of £45,943 for passengers and
goods together, not respectively apportioned; being an
increase of £25,860 over the corresponding week of last
year, when the mileage was about 2,525.
THE CALEDONIAN RAILWAY.—The portion of this
railway which continues the great north line from Carlisle
on to Beattock Bridge, in Scotland, was opened on Friday.
A large party started from Carlisle in the morning, and on
arrival at Beattock were entertained at a very handsome
lunch, Mr. Hope Johnstone, the chairman of the line, pre-
siding. There were also present Major Hasell, Colonel
Lowther, and other distinguished persons. The opening
was without ostentation, but highly satisfactory.
SHOCKING ACCIDENT.—On Thursday, a great number
of persons were waiting at the new station at Hadleigh, on
the Eastern Union Railway, for the departure of an ex-
cursion train to visit the Ipswich regatta. The wind was
blowing furiously, and threw down in one mass about
thirty feet of wing wall, under which upwards of 150
persons were assembled to shelter themselves from the
gale. The scene was dreadful, and, to increase the deso-
lation, the platform gave way beneath the accumulated
weight. The consequences were disastrous ; more than
sixty persons are now under medical care. One old wo-
man had both legs fractured and severe wounds on the
head, and there is little hone of her surviving ; another
person fractured his collar-bone, and, in addition to several
whose legs were broken and ribs fractured, many received
serious wounds of the head, body, and limbs.
EDINBURGH WEEKLY REPORT.—TheCommittees of the
Directors of the Edinburgh and Glasgow and North British
Railways held a meeting yesterday, which passed off most
satisfactorily ; we have every reason to say, that, within
a fortnight, preliminaries for an union of the two under-
takings will be arranged. This will in all probability be
followed up by other amalgamations, all tending to unite
Scottish interests. This is as it should be. The Edin-
burgh and Northern Rail Way is to be opened to-day by
the members of the Exchange having been invited by the
directors to be present. There will be no meeting- of
Exchange to-day. To-morrow, Saturday, will also be
kept a holiday. The directors of the Edinburgh and
Northern gave a splendid dinner at Cupar, to upwards of
600 noblemen and gentlemen of the first influence, and
returned to Burntisland, 244 miles, in one hour and a
half, by six o'clock in the evening.--Scottish Railway
Gazette

rim Rev. Canon Eaton, Vicar of .Eastham, has been
ap&inted Rural Dean of Wirral.

VALUE OF PRESENTATIONS7At a sale by Mr. T. M.
Fisher, at Manchester, on Thursday, the next presenta-
floret() the rectory of Middleton was sold for five thousand
pounds. The living is worth upwards- of nine hundred
pouts per annum after all charge%are.paid.
' LIBERALITY.—The Marquis of Bute has given two
acres of valuable land, near the town of Cardiff, for a
burial-ground for the parishes of St. John and St. Mary,
and•iras also undertaken, at his sole expense, to drain and
enclose it, and to buili a Burial Chapel, which, altoge-
ther; will cost the noble marquis at least £l5OO.
THE MERCHANT PRINCES.—The richest see in the
kingdom is that of the Diocese of Manchester,—with its
bishop without a cathedral, and likely.to remain without
one ;—the only capital of an ecclesiastical jurisdiction
which performs its high offices in the vestry of the parish !
Look at the liberally of Liverpool! St. Luke's cost
144,1l0; St. Michael's, £45,000; total, £89,000. Now,
mailr what is to come from the mammon millionaires !
Shrewsbury Journal.

THE BISHOP OF RIPON.—The Right Rev. the Bishop
of Ripon is now on a triennial visitatioir of his diocese.—
Mis lordship observed, that he was aware that many pious
young men of the middle classes, who had not the means
or opportunity of studying for the ministry, were, for want
'of a proper sphere of action in the church, driven to join
the Dissenters. He therefore:recommended every incum-
bent to look round in his own neighbourhood among such
pions young men, and to propose to him Cie one who ap-
peared the best qualified for the work. He (the Bishop)
would then examine him, and, if approved of, would appoint
him a scripture reader. The duty of such parties would
be to visit from house to house, hold meetings, read the
Bible to.the people, and also the Common Prayers ; but
they would be required to abstain from preaching. After
two years of a zealous and efficient discharge of these
duties, they would enjoy the privilege of being admitted to
ordination .as deacons, after a second examination by
himself.

REV. DR. WARREN.—A very crowded congregation as-
sembled on Sunday afternoon at the Temple Church, in
consequence of an announcement that the doctor would
occupy the pulpit. Dr. Warren's action is chaste and
simple, his elocution remarkably distinct and emphatic,
but a little too slow. Some portions of the sermon were
of a high order of eloquence ; and we allude to one in
particular, which consisted of a very solemn and feeling
appeal to the stated members of the congregation at the
Temple Church, against suffering themselves to be so im-
mersed in the absorbing cares of an honourable and
exalted profession, aial dazzled by the glittering prizes of
ambition, as to turn the Creator's choicest gifts into a
•

' means of forgetting their Giver, and His object in bestow-
towing them. Dr. Warren was for many years, it may be
recollected, a leading minister of the Wesleyans, from
whom he separated about ten years ago. For the last
six years he has been the incumbent of All Saints, Man-
chester.

On Monday, a meeting of the clergy of the Archdea-
eonry of Middlesex was held at the vestry of St. Paul's
Church, Covent Garden, in pursuance of citations issued
by the apparitor of his Grace the Archbishop of Canter-
bury, to nominate two of their body as procurators to re-
present the archdeaconry in convocation. The Venerable
John Sinclair, Archdeacon of Middlesex, presided, and,
in opening the proceedings, remarked that although for
some years past the assembling of convocation had been
little more than a, mere form, the clergy must see that it
was more than probable a very long period could not pass
by without some of its original importance being attached
to that solemn assembling of themselves together, as pro-
vided for by the ancient canons of the church. The ques-
tion of the revival of that ancient usage had been agitated
amongst persons whose opinions on such a matter were
entitled to the highest respect and consideration, and
there could be little doubt that the results of that investi-
gation would be productive of the greatest benefit, both
to the church and the nation.

The Bishops of Exeter, Norwich, Oxford, Ely, and se-
veral other right rev. prelates, have intimated their in-
tention of adopting a plan for extending the ministrations
of the church, by the revival of the deaconate, and recie-
ving candidates for holy orders on the qualifications set
forth in the 34th canon, which does not require a know-
ledge of Greek, and on the authority of an act passed, 13th
Eliz., cap. 13, which declares that the bishops should or-
dain any person to the deaconate " who has a special gift
or ability to be a preacher." At the convention of the
American episcopate, in 1844, the deaconate was restored
by repealing all canons which required an educational
qualification for the office, similar to that demanded for
the presbyterate, which has enabled persons to enter the
ministry of the church whose talents do not fit them for a
higher field of activity than that of the deaconate, and
who, had it not been restored, would have been altogether
evcluded from the ministry. Some such regulations it is
intended to recommend in the Church of England. As a
general rule, persons so ordained will now be admitted into
the priesthood, although where extraordinary aptitude for
ministerial duties is exhibited, the door will not be closed
against them.

EPISCOPAL FREE CHURCH.—The Rev. Thomas Scott,
who has officiated as curate at St.; Audoen's Church,
Dublin, for fourteen years, and has worked efficiently,
having received into the church a very great number of
Roman Catholic converts, is removed from that post ; and
his parishioners, as a mark of their esteem, have deter-
mined to erect and endow a capacious church, in a suitable
district in Dublin, as a tribute for his services, and they
appeal to all the Protestants in the United Kingdom to
aid them in the good work. Several meetings have
already been held, at which Edmund Grogan, Esq., M.P.,
was one of the speakers. The Earl of Roden is appointed
one of the trustees, and the Archdeacon of Dublin another.
Mr. Scott was the originator and the indefatigable agent
of some of the most valuable of the Protestant societies
in Dublin ; and when we know his eminent services, his
sacrifices, his charities, and his labours, we hope the
object will abundantly succeed. Some suitable testimo.
nial of Protestant appreciation is certainly due to him,
and this seems to be in every way appropriate. It has
been suggested that those who are disposed to give thanks-
offerings to Almighty God for an abundant harvest could
not set them apart more properly and suitably for that
sacred purpose than by sending them to the committee
who have undertaken the erection of the New Free
Church.
MORE TRACTARIAN DOINGS.—The Church and State
Gazette publishes a letter from W. R. Harris, Esq.,
brother of the authoress of a work which has caused a
good deal of sensation, entitled " From Oxford to Rome."
We make the following extract from the letter. The letter
from the Rev. F. Oakeley to the authoress of " From Ox-
ford to Rome," published by you last week, was not the
only communication that gentleman had with the authoress
of the recantation. Mr. Oakeley went to Wallingford—
there sought and obtained an interview with my sister,
who told me, not long after the conversation had termin-
ated, that the object of Mr. Oakeley's visit was to induce
her to retract or recant the opinions and statements she
had made in the book " From Oxford to Rome." I con-
fess my spirit was deeply stirred at such a demand, and I
could only reply, " Will you do so ?" To which, with
some emotion, and strong emphasis, she answered `•
SUPPOSE I MUST I" I leave these facts for you and your
readers to ponder over and pronounce upon : I will only
add that I believe " From Oxford to Rome " contained
my sisters real opinions respecting Roman Catholicism,
and that the recantation has been extorted by mental
torture ! In proof of this I could assign other reasons,
and thereby unfold some of the modern Jesuitism of the
men who boast that their Church is " unchanged ;" and
truly, some of their doings might excite a smile of satis-
faction on the face of Loyola himself, could he witness
the natural or (if they please) " non-natural " dealing
with truth practised by his recent converts. Fellow-
'countrymen !—the enemy is not merely at the gates but
in the citadel. Awake to Christian union and co-opera-
tion against the powers of darkness ! Arm ! but only
with the " sword of the spirit, which is the word of God. '
Educate ! educate ! educate !—and with a Bible-reading
population, seeking direction from the Holy Spirit, our
beloved country will continue to be the " light of all na-
tions."

IMPORTANT.—We have heard that a circular, which a
few days ago, was signed by about 150 of the largest
railway holders, was being sent round in Manchester and
the neighbourhood, to obtain more signatures for the
purpose of resisting the further payment of calls. With
this circular, we are informed, was joined a list of chairmen,
and other directors, who were then in arrear with their
calls, with the amount of the several defalcations. One,
we are told, was to the tune of £25,000. We have not
seen this circular ; but if it be true, the effect will be very
serious ; inasmuch as it was admitted a few years back,
both by counsel and judge, that if any director sitting at
a board was in arrear with his calls, at the time a call was
made, the call itself was illegal, and the payment of it
could not be enforced. The case was the present West
London Railway against Holford. Upon this ground the
defendant made a stand ; but it was proved by the secre-
tary that no director present at the time of making the
call was in arrear, and therefore he lost his defence.—
Herapath's Journal.
DOVER RAILWAY.—At the half-yearly meeting held on
Thursday, the dividend was 21s. on the old shares, 13s. ld.
on the No. 1 shares, and Bs. on the No. 2 shares, being
at the rate of about 64 per cent. per annum. Not
expecting such a dividend, the shareholders were in high
spirits, and everything passed off well. Some references
were made to an amalgamation with the Brighton line by
one or more of the shareholders, at which the chairman
took an opportunity to observe, that he thought amalga-
mations had been carried too far; he was very glad no
amalgamation had been come to with the Brighton ; and
he preferred the Dover being in an independent state.
Some questions were put by the Messrs. Beardshaw, of
Leeds, with regard to the cost and time of completion of
the branch lines, to which the chairman would not venture
to give a definite answer, though very much pressed to do
so. He was averse to precipitation ; and said that large
sums would be saved by delay and the amendments of
the line. The whole arrears of the No. 4 shares, in
respect of calls on the Ist of July, were said to be
£35,196, and the present arrears on No. 4 only amounted
to £47,758. The payments of the arrears were said to be
coming in daily.
EXTENSION OF THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.—The ar-
rangements of the Electric Telegraph Company for the
transmission of ship news and commercial communication
between the principal seaports, the manufacturing and
commercial towns, and the metropolis, are in a state of
great forwardness. The system of telegraphic signals to
be used will be Quite distinct from that at present in oper-
ation, and the company intend having a room fitted up at
each telegraph station for the accommodation of sub..
scribers, and in which commercial news and intelligence
of public interest will be received and simultaneously ex-
hibited. Independent of the subscribers' rooms, offices
will be provided at the various stations for the transmission
and report of despatches, messages, &c., as at present.
The following is a list of the towns and seaports to which
it is expected the system will be extended early in the
ensuing year, viz. :—Barnsley, Birmingham, Bradford,
Bristol, Bridlington, Berwick, Cambridge, Canterbury,
Cheltenham, Chester, Chesterfield, Chelmsford, Col-
chester, Coventry, Deal, Dover, Derby, Darlington, Dor-
chester, Edinburgh, Folkestone, Gosport, Gloucester,
Glasgow, Halifax, Hertford, Hull, Huntingdon, Leeds,
Liverpool, Leicester, Lincoln, Lowestoft, Manchester,
Maidstone, Northampton, Nottingham, Norwich, Peter-
borough, Ramsgate, Rotherham, Rochdale, Stafford, St.
Ives, Southampton, Sheffield, Scarborough, Stamford,
and Tunbridge.
BOULOGNE AND AMIENS RAILWAY.—A special meet-
ing of this company was held on Tuesday last, at the
Clarendon-rooms, Mr. D. Neilson in the chair. The
meeting was called to consider the present position of the
company, and the cause of the repeated delays in opening
the line. A resolution having been moved by Mr. Davis,
to the effect that the delay in opening the line was most
unsatisfactory, and that a committee of inquiry be ap-
pointed, Mr. Beloe remarked that no railway needed a re-
formation in its statistics so much as the Boulogne and
Amiens line ; X 400,000 was the amount in the hands of
the directors ; 4,000,000 francs had been invested in the
French funds, and 450,000 francs in exchequer bills. The
interest in the first year was five per cent., or £5,000; and
the second year £lO,OOO was raised on the paid-up ca-
pital. No other moneys had been accounted for ; and the
sum now in the hands of the directors was very large.—
In answer to a question, Mr. Beloe stated that the chief
engineer had expressed his opinion that the portion of the
line as far as Nesle would be completed about the 15th of
October, and that the tunnel near Boulogne would be fi-
nished about spring, thus completing the entire line.
The resolution was then agreed to, and Messrs. Mozley,
Davis, Devaux, Armstrong, and Neilson were nominated
as the committee of inquiry, and empowered to act with
the committee that may be formed in London and France.
After some further conversation, expressive of dissatisfac-
tion at the conduct of the French directors, the meeting
terminated.

THE BISHOPS AND TRACTARIANISM.—The Rev. W.
Carus Wilson has addressed a letter to the Bishop of
London, on what he had seen and heard at Margaret-
street Chapel. The rev. gentleman alludes to a former
letter which he addressed to his lordship, and for which
his lordship " rebuked his meddling." In this second
letter he earnestly calls on his lordship to put a veto on
the proceedings in the church alluded to, and asks his
lordship,—" Could you not have gone yourself to the
chapel, and seen the huge cross on the table which I saw,
and many of the early worshippers before the service
commenced evidently aiding their private devotions by
occasionally lifting up their eyes to, and gazing upon it ;
and might not your lordship have seen, as I saw, the
clergy reverently making obeisance
.as they passed the
chancel, and the reader turning from the people during
the prayers ; and, moreover, the. Popish book of devo-
tions, entitled The Garden of the Soul,' lying on the
shelves of the pews ? and could you not have heard, as I
did, the heterodoxy of the pulpit ; the merit ascribed to
penance, &c. ? and was there nothing tangible for a bishop
in all this ? Who can doubt but that a timely and ener-
getic interference might have prevented in that instance
much of the fearful evil that cannot but endanger the
eternal interests of immortal beings, while it has torn up
by the roots the union and happiness of many respectable
families, and made the enemies of our Church to tri-
umph ?" Mr. Wilson then refers to the pastors of Mar-
garet-street Chapel having gone over to Rome, and adds,
—" But there is Mr. Dodsworth still unworthily and
dishonourably continuing within the pale of a Church
that he is undermining ; but his curates are already. gone
over to Rome, and his congregation fast followmg.. And
yet, my lord, you do nothing to arrest the mischief.
Appeal cannot be made to public charges ; documents
like these, which blow hot and cold in the same breath,
are utterly unimpressible for good—and If the trumpet
give an uncertain sound, who shall prepare for the bat-
tle ?' I never conversed with any one on the subject,
who did not express the conviction that favour for the
Tractarians was more prominent in your lordship than
displeasure ; and that when displeasure is expressed it is
fearfully neutralised by sentiments of a contrary descrip-
tion. Your lordship must excuse me if I write strongly,
for I write with stricken and wounded feelings, having
just learnt that a dear' cousin of my own, and for many
years a constant and devoted member of Mr. Dodsworth's
congregation, has followed the example of the curates of
that church. Ah ! what would her sainted mother have
said, if she had lived to witness such an event ! My lord,
the mischief is fearful enough when remote in its opera-
tions ; but when it comes into one's domestic circle, and
takes away captive those whom we have fondly loved from
childhood, and snaps in sunder for ever the long-cemented
ties of an endeared relationship, then it is that one's spirit
is stirred within us, almost beyond endurance, and that
we cast around to see who are most to blame ia such a
catastrophe." Mr. Wilson then solemnly charges the
Bishop with incurring largely the responsibility of this
wide-spreading mischief, for not doing something to ,put
a stop by these Popish practices.

FATAL ACCIDENT. ON THE LANCASHIRE AND YORK-
SHIRE RAILWAY.—An accident, attended with the loss
of two lives, occurred on the line of the Lancashire and
Yorkshire, late the Manchester and Leeds Company, on
Thursday last. It appears that the one o'clock ex-
press train started about the usual time from Man-
chester for Leeds. The last carriage in the train was
what is called a coupe, having two first class compart-
ments, and a second class compartment in the centre.
The train, it would appear arrived at the Sowerby Bridge
Station, about two miles this side of the North Dean
Station, about two o'clock. The express train does not
usually stop at Sowerby Bridge, but it would seem that at
that station the accident was discovered, and the train was
immediately pulled up. From the most authentic accounts
it appears that at a distance of about two miles from
Sowerby Bridge the line of rails was broken, as is sup-
posed by the express train in question. The result was
that the hind carriage was dragged off the line. This was
not ascertained until the train had got through the tunnel
at Sowerby Bridge. Immediately the accident was dis-
covered, the guards applied the breaks, and the engine-

Sept. 21, Mt

ANOTHER ALARMING FAILURE,

driver reversed his engine. The carriage which ran off the I
line struck the station platform on the down side of the
line, then, after forcing the platform, the wheels of the ( From the Times of Saturday.)
hind carriage got into the ash-pit, and it is supposed that The daily anxiety regarding failures has been fulfilled
the collision was so great as to cause some of the wheels this morning to a more distressing extent than we have
to be partially detached from the carriage. In the hind yet had to record. The house of Reid, Irving, and Co.
compartment of the last carriage it was ascertained that has suspended, and the liabilities are estimated at
there were two passengers, and in the front compartment £1,500,000, the amount of acceptances alone being up-
three. It is believed that in the centre or second class wards of £900,000. The failure, moreover, irrespective of
compartment there-was one person, who providentially its amount, derives importance from the circumstance of
escaped without sustaining injury. The two gentlemen in the head of the firm being one of the senior directors of
the hind compartment of the carriage, Captain Ellis and the Bank of England. The cause of the stoppage is to be
his secretary, fortunately met with no material injury in found in the way in which the firm had extended their
consequence of the carriage running off the rails. The operations, not only without a corresponding extension of
names of the three gentlemen who occupied the front of capital, but in the face of an annual diminution of their
the carriage were, Mr. Weston, (surveyor of customs), means consequent upon the gradually increasing weight
Mr. Moon, (secretary of Mr. Weston), and Mr. Gillard, of inconvertible investments. A sum of not less than.
(of the Electric Telegraph Company). At the distance of £600,000 is understood to be locked up in real estate, and-
about one hundred yards from the Sowerby Bridge Sta- other property, in the Mauritius and the West Indies.
tion the three gentlemen who travelled in the first coin- Apart from the want of prudent calculation thus shown,
partment of the hind carriage, Messrs. Weston, Moon, the present case, it is believed, may be described as an or-
and Gillard, were found lying together between the rails. dinary mercantile failure. In former days the house pos-
Mr. Moon was slightly injured ; Mr. Weston sustained sessed a capital far beyond most others, and there is
very severe injuries, in consequence of which he died the reason to believe that the difficulties which have brought
next morning, at eight o'clock. Mr. Gillard was heard, about the present result have been of that gradual cha-
after being found, to breathe only once, when he died. racter which often escape recognition until a fall in pro
One of the feet of Mr. Weston was completely severed, duce or a permanent rise in the discount market brings
and one of the feet of Mr. Gillard was found fast in one them to a fatal conclusion. The balance-sheet of the
of the " points" of the line. It is supposed that it was house, as now made up, shows, it is said, a nominal sur-
knocked off in his endeavour to extricate himself from plus of about £330,000 ; but this, it can hardly be
the carriage. The rails of the line had been examined on doubted, arises from valuations of the Mauritius estates,
the morning of the day upon which the accident happened, which will prove entirely delusive. Although it is said.
and were not thought to be in a state requiring repair. that an aggregate of more than £200,000 has at various
It is supposed that the rails were broken at the point in periods been written off from the total at which they were
question ay the express train passing over it. After the originally valued, the probability is, that if brought to
bodies were found the train was again put in motion, and sale, these estates would still be found to have been enor-
some of the passengers went on to Edinburgh. mously over-estimated.
The firm, it may be added, were the agents of the Spa-
nish and also of the Venezuelan governments. Sir John
Reid was.deputy-governor of the Bank in 1837, and go-
vernor in 1839.
In connexion with this and each of the other disasters
which have recently fallen, it must be pointed out that as-
far as the real stability of commercial credit is concerned,
nothing has yet occurred to beget terror upon the part of
those houses who may thus far have conducted their busi-
ness upon sound and recognized rinciples. All the evils'
which have yet taken place have ((with some small excep-
tions) either had their origin in direct speculation or been
the natural climax of a long continued state of weakness,
which, to those acquainted with it, could have left"
nothing but the actual date at which suspension would
occur a matter of much uncertainty. -Painful as all indi-
vidual
cases of distress must be (and few will be regarded=
with more regret than that which has to-day occurred ),
it should still be a matter of thankfulness rather than of •
alarm to the solid trader, that however a course of specu-
lation or of incautious extension may seem for a time to
yield results with which his own unobtrusive progress can•
present but a slight comparison, periodical storms will
certainly arrive when the difference between real and spu-
rious credit will be tested, and when commerce will be
restored (at least until the lesson shall have been forgot-
ten ) to its sound and legitimate channels. Even if the-
surrounding evils were ten times worse than they are at
this moment, we do not believe that any house which
could clearly show that it had pursued a course of busi-
ness steadily confined within the fair limits of its means-
would experience any difficulty in obtaining every aid that
would be essential to avert the consequences of any merely
accidental pressure. For the true and rational trader,
come what may, we have therefore no fear. Our only
apprehension for the future is, that the number of those,
especially among the community at large, who have been
tempted to depart from the straight road, is far greater
than has yet in any quarter been anticipated.

POLITICAL

MISCELLANY.

Anticipating that Mr. Cobden will elect to sit for the
West Riding of Yorkshire, the electors of Stockport have
presented a requisition to Mr. Alderman Kershaw.
COST OF A NOMINEE.—Lord Fitzhardinge spent twenty-
five thousand pounds at the late election of West Glou-
cestershire.

Mr. Cowan can now take his seat for Edinburgh, the
Lords of the Treasury having cancelled that part of the
contract with the Messrs. Cowan in which the new mem-
ber for Edinburgh is concerned.
CURIOUS DEMONSTRATION.-It will be recollected
that at the recent election for Shrewsbury, Mr. Slaney,
the Whig candidate, was returned by a majority of three
only over Mr, Tomline, the former Conservative mem-
ber, one of the 112 who, without any appeal to the con-
stituency, went over with Sir Robert Peel. This triumph
of Mr. Slaney was celebrated at Shrewsbury, on Thurs-
day week, 'and a most splendid demonstration it was.
The flags and banners were new, and presented on the
occasion, and about 7,000 persons took part in the pro-
ceedings, Mr. Slaney being accompanied by the Hon. T.
_Kenyon, (son of Lord Kenyon,) T. C. Eyton, Esq., and
numerous other gentlemen. The demonstration con-
cluded with a magnificent banquet, (at which Mr. Kenyon
was in the chair). Now comes the " remarkable" part
of the affair. It appears that among the leading persons
were a great many Conservatives, and the ground upon
which they justify such a course is, that it is infinitely
more desirable to have Mr. Slaney for a representative
than Mr. Tomline, who has deserted his colours, and upon
whom no dependence can be placed when the battle of
the constitution is again to be fought. Our contempo-
rary, the Shropshire Conservative, who has always
avowed old Tory principles, puts the matter thus in the
strongest light, and goes so far as to say that Mr. Slaney
is a a Protectionist, an enemy to any endowment of the
Roman Catholic priesthood—in a word a staunch Pro-
testant, and a Conservative. With our contemporary,
however, we have read Mr. S.'s speech at the dinner, and
confess that we cannot arrive at the same ccnclusion.
The hon. member " burkes" the question of Whig and
Conservative altogether, as indeed was to be expected
looking at his new allies, and the only point on which he
expressed concurrence was the improvement of the
dwellings and condition of the poor, respecting which he
paid a deserved compliment to the Earl of Lincoln and
Lord Ashley, as well as Lord Morpeth. It is all very
well, then, to describe Mr. Slaney as a Conservative, but
will he own the " soft impeachment ?" Votes in Parlia-
ment will be the best test.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

DONCASTER RACES.—The St. Leger Stakes of Fifty
Sovereigns each, h ft ; for three-year-olds ; colts, 8s ilb ;
and fillies, Bst 21b ; the second to receive 300, and the
third 100 sovs. St. Leger course. One hundred and
forty six subs :

Lord Eglintoun's Van Tromp
Mr. Pedley's Cossack ..
Lord Eglintoun's Eryx
The following also started, but were not placed—Planet,
Philosopher, Foreclosure, and Jovial. Betting.-5 to 4on
Cossack (t), 4 to 1 agst Van Tromp, 11 to 2 agst Fore-
closure, 7 to 1 agst Planet, (taken freely), 12 to 1 agst
Eryx, and 25 to 1 agst Philosopher. Cossack took a clear
lead at starting, with Van Tromp and Eryx second and
third, and Jovial fourth. In this position they made
running at a good pace right into the distance, when Van
Tromp went up, caught and headed Cossack at the stand ;
a severeestruggle ensued, but Van Tromp won easily at last
by twot engths ; Eryx a bad third.

MORE MISERIES FROM FREE TRADE.
The league papers attribute the manufacturing embar-
rassments to the high price of the raw cotton ; but how
can this be when the warehouses are full of goods for
which there is no market ? But it is not alone in the
cotton trade that England is suffering. In almost every
branch of business which she has opened to foreign com-
petition there are complaints of depression and distress.
The Morning Chronicle, a leading organ of the free-trad-
ers, says :

,(J. Marson) 1
2

" The production of coal and iron on the Continent is
rapidly increasing. In France, Belgium, Germany, and
America, every year sees new mines opened and new fur-
naces built. We are not merely losing our markets in
those countries for many articles, but find ourselves driven
by them out of neutral markets, and are even undersold
at the doors of our own workshops, knives, scissors, gim-
lets, screws, and other articles of hardware, in which for
a long time England was able to outstrip all competitors,.
have been and are imported from Belgium into Birming-
ham, and sold there, both to home and foreign buyers, at
a much cheaper rate than they can now be produced in
the surrounding district.
" Some facts stated by Mr. S. Thornton, manufacturer
and merchant at Birmingham, as to the comparative prices
of English and foreign hardware, are really startling. He
says :

SETTLING FOR THE LEGER.—Thursday's racing was
appointed to commence at three o'clock, in order to give
sufficient time for settling on the St. Leger, which, as
usual, took place this morning. With the exception of
one or two absentees, who had large investments, all
passed off very satisfactorily. We heard of no great
winners. Lord Eglintoun, and his friends, no doubt net
a small stake, and Mr. Pedley and his friends cannot be
great losers; but the probability is they must have a con-
siderable amount to their credit, when it is considered
the large odds they must have obtained about Foreclosure,
and with the opportunity of edging on such easy terms as
4 to 1 and 5 to I.—Doncaster Gazette.

' -"
There are half a dozen large screw manufacturers in
and about Birmingham. My inquiries among them lead me-
to conclude that three or four years ago nearly one half of
the quantity produced went to the American market; at
present, not more than five per cent. finds its way there.
A neighbour of mine; an extensive screw maker, informs
me that his returns alone to that market were of the value
of £20.000 per annum. They are now reduced to not
more than £5OO. He stated that if the price of coal and
iron were moderately low, he might still be able to cwt.."
pete with America, notwithstanding their duty of 30
cent.

" The following are the prices at which some articles Of
common use, and of qualities about equal to those of Eng-
lish manufacture, of which the prices are also annexed,
are imported from Germany and sold at Birmingham :

No. 625 Knife manufactured at Solingen,
Rhenish Prussia
691 Do. manufactured at Sheffield 9 2
1516 Scissors manufactured in Prussia 7 1
2335 Do. manufactured in Sheffield,
inferior to 1516. .
1 Common gimblets,manufactured
at Hamburg, price at Birming-
ham, including duty & carriage 5 6per gross
2 Ditto manufactured at Birming-
ham 7 6
" An ornamental cast in iron of the statue of Gutten-
burgh made at Hamburg, price in Birmingham, 9s. 6d.,
would cost to make at Birmingham, 255."
All this the Chronicle attributes to the high prices of
coal and iron in England in consequence of the miners
refusing to work more than nine hours a day ; but this will
not account for the difference between the price of the
English and the price at which, after paying the duty and
carriage, the foreign article can be sold in Birmingham
and Sheffield. The fact is, our manufactures have been
sacrificed. Our markets have been thrown open without
due consideration of the vast differences between the cir-
cumstances of England and the condition of the English
workman and the circumstances and the condition of the
workman of the countries unwisely invited to compete.
The consequence is, the gradual transference of the trade
to other lands, and the consequence of that again will be,
either its eventual loss, or such a reduction of wages as
will enable the Engish article to regain its place, and make
the unfortunate operative regret that he ever joined in the
clamour against the Corn Law.

COURT AND FASHION.
____._

ROYAL \ ISIT TO CLUNYCASTLE.—On Monday last,
the Queen, Prince Albert, and the Royal children, drove
out to Cluny Castle, on a visit to Cluny Macpherson.
The Royal family rode in a phaeton, drawn by four beau-
tiful grey Arabian ponies, and were accompanied by the
Duke and Duchess of Norfolk, and Gen. Wemyss, and
attended by two outriders. The weather had become
much milder about mid-day, and the afternoon, though
rather cold, was calm and clear. Cluny Castle is distant
about twelve miles from the lodge. Cluny Castle is a
massive and substantial residence, built of the granite of
the neighbouring hills. Cluny andi his lady had only re-
ceived notice of her Majesty's intention to honour them
with a visit about an hour before the arrival of the Royal
cortege. Little time was allowed therefore for any formal
preparations ; but by the time her Majesty had reached
the gateway, thirty men in Highland garb, with a piper
at their head, were drawn up in front of the castle. Cluny
himself, in his usual costume of kilt and philabeg, and
Mrs. Macpherson, were also in waiting for the arrival of
their Royal visitors. The Dake of Norfolk handed the
Queen from the phaeton, and her Majesty, the Prince,
and the rest of the Royal party were ushered into the
castle. About a quarter of an hour was spent inspecting
the various antiquities which have remained in the cus-
tody of the Macphersons since the rebellions, after which
the Royal party went out into the grounds, and visited
the garden and other places of interest in the vicinity.
Cluny Castle is surrounded with thriving and well-kept
plantations. The garden and orchard are of considerable
size, and the latter is loaded with fruit. The avenues,
porter-lodges, office-houses, enclosures, and shrubbery
are all exceedingly neat, and reflect great credit on the
taste and spirit of the proprietor. There is a small cir-
cular burying-ground in the policies, which contains the
remains of several of the chiefs of the Macphersons.
Spending some time in the grounds, the Royal party then
returned to the castle, and after partaking of a cold col-
lation, took leave of their delighted guests. Her Majesty,
in returning, wore a grey-hooded cloak to protect her
from the cold air.
On Tuesday, Prince Albert wore the kilt for the first
time, and though the air on the hills was cold, he as-
cended to the top of Corarder. _

THE " TIMES" AND THE PAUPERS.—In one of the late
extreme articles of this slashing journalist, the writer
makes it out that we are ultimately to be swallowed up by
pauperism, in a general scramble for property ; but with-
out any reference to the fact that the menace of such a
revolution, if there be anything in it, has its foundation
in the spawn of the manufacturing system, which creates
paupers ad libitum, without providing for their sustenance
when unemployed. In the rural districts, one of the
edges of the free-trade sword cuts in the same direction,
and tends to disable the depressed farmer from availing
himself of the necessary extent of decently remunerated
labour,—the nation expending its natural resources among
foreigners.

DREADFUL SHIPWRECKS.—On Monday morning, the
9th ultimo., at one o'clock, in the latitude 44 25, long. 58
30, the weather being foggy, the ship Shanunga, from
Liverpool, came in contact with the Swedish bark Iduna,
from Hamburgh for New York, with two hundred and
six persons on board. The Iduna sank in about half an
hour. Immediately after the collision the Shanunga's
boats were put out, and with one boat from the barque
picked up thirty-four persons only. One hundred and
seventy-two persons, including the master, Captain Er-
nest Andreas Moberg, were lost. The survivors reached
Boston in a state of great destitution. The men were
clothed in such clothes as the generous captain and tars of
the Shanuna could muster. The women who escaped
with their night-dresses, were clad with such rude gar-
ments as could be made out of bunting and whatever else
could be found on board.—On the -17th August, the ship
Naiad, Captain Brightman, encountered a fearful storm
on her way from New Bedford for Africa. On Tuesday,
the 19th, at midnight, she was struck by a very heavy sea,
which threw the vessel upon her beamends, in which po-
sition she lay about twenty minutes, when the trunk
came off, and both masts came out from the kilson, tear-
ing up the deck and hatch combining, when every thing
was washed out of the cabin, besides most of the cargo,
with all the provisions and water. She then righted with
nothing above water, except the starboard bow rail, up-
on which the crew lashed themselves, where they re-
mained until Saturday morning without hats or clothes,
and the sea breaking over them continually. Three times-
Captain B. was washed from the wreck, and caught by
one of the crew. Saturday, the sea becoming calm, they
got boxes from the hold, from which they made bulwarks,
and commenced baling, but soon gave up exhausted, hay-
mg had nothing to eat or drink for four days, except a-
little vinegar. Sunday morning, seeing a sail to the wind-
ward steering towards them, renewed their hopes, and
they commenced baling again, but soon gave up exhausted,
the vessel about three miles from them, and seemingly
not to notice them, but after all hopes having fled, they
were taken off by the barque Swan, of Cork, Captain Ro-
bertson, more dead than alive, with their heads, legs, and
feet badly swollen and blistered.—The ship, city of Derry,
for London from Quebec, was wrecked of Bicquet Island,
on a reef of rocks on the 11th August. She soon after
went to pieces. Her cargo consisted of 2,120 barrels of
flour, and a quantity of deals and staves.—On Saturday
week, the schooner Vine of Pwllheli, with a cargo of coal
to Bangor, in attempting to cross the bur from Carnarvcl,
Bay to the Menai Straits, struck on the north bank, it is
supposed from the darkness of the night, and must have,
immediately capsized and sunk with all on board. At
daybreak the life-boat was put off, when the Vine was;
found on her beam ends, with her masts embedded in the
sand. In the cabin the dead body of a female passenger
was found, and on the banks the body of a man was dis-
covered, and both were immediately taken to Carnarvon,
there being signs of life in the men. Four other men,
the remainder of the crew perished, but their bodies have
hot yet been found.

THE QUEEN'S TREAT TO THE DOMESTICS.—On Tues-
day evening her Majesty gave a ball to the domestics of
her noble host in Scotland, intended, also, as a sort of
farewell treat to the cottars in the neighbourhood, and
their wives and sweethearts. The ball took place in a
large wooden house attached to the lodge. At nine
o'clock, her Majesty and the Prince, with the royal
family, entered the room, when the dancing immediately
commenced, the royal piper, Mr. Mackay, playing a few
reels. The Prince wore the Highland dress—and the
philabeg and plaid of the Stuart tartan ; and, by her Ma-
jesty's command, all the Scotsmen among the domestics
appeared similarly attired, a command which was evi-
dently performed with no good will by many. The high-
land costume set off Prince Albert's figure much better
than the Saxon dress. Her Majesty, the Prince, Lord
Palmerston, and the Duchess of Bedford retired at eleven
o'clock. The rest of the royal party remained until two
o'clock, when the ball broke up, after dancing reels, jigs,
&c., with the greatest familiarity.
The Lord Mayor of York, George Hudson, Esq., M.P,
and Mrs. Hudson, were last week on a visit to the Earl of
Lonsdale, at Whitehaven Castle, where a large_ and dis-
tinguished party has been assembled.
A Scottish paper relates that, a few days since, the
Prince of Wales and the Princess Royal sallied forth toge-
ther to fish in a rivulet whili flows into Loch Laggan, at
Ardverikie, and each hoped to catch the first fish ; but
the Princess was more skilful or more fortunate, as she
caught a trout before her brother had obtained a bite.
Among the obtruders who have sought to obtain an
interview with the Queen, during her stay at Ardverikie,
was a man who asserted that he strongly resembled Prince
Albert, and who expected that, on account of the " very
great resemblance" which he bore to the Prince, a pension
of £5OO a year would be conferred on him, and " a maid
of honour would be given him for a wife."
A LUCKY ROYAL VISITER.—Among the itinerant mer-
chants who found means to penetrate to the lodge was an
Inverness licensed traveller, Duncan G. Welsh, who has a
good assortment of jewellery, &c. Duncan was at first
ordered off by the police ; but he happened to meet the
Marquis of Abercorn and Lady Jocelyn, and got an invi-
tation to the lodge, where he unfolded his wares and made
several sales. I had the honour," said Duncan, "to
sell our Queen five silver brooches, and to put her Ma-
jesty's name in a receipt !" The Duchess of Norfolk,
Lady Jocelyn, and the Marquis of Abercorn were also
among his customers. Duncan was ordered his dinner,
and as much as he could drink," but " God be praised,"
lie added, " I kept the pledge, for all that." He departed,
overflowing with gratitude to the Queen and the Marquis
of Alumni, and determined to get the royal arms
painted pt' his box