The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1849-08-07 00:00:00

Brazils

Buenos Ayres, Monte Video, &c. 2,274,769.. 7,198,699
British West Indies
British North America. 4,589,811.. 5,701,857
Belgium
Coast of Africa
Chili and Peru
Columbia
Foreign West Indies
Turkey and Levant
Trieste Austrian Ports, &c 1,504,401.. 3,722,517
Sardinia, Tuscany, &c
Naples and Sicily
Mexico..
India

Holland

6,453,556,

7,499,720

United States

19,220,121.. 24,724,232

The export of this article would seem to have
been materially affected by the Californian gold
discoveries, which have attracted supplies in that
direction. To Chili and Peru, for instance, there
is an increase of ten million yards in the half year.
From these returns we cannot fail to be struck
with the importance to this country of maintaining
our command of the trade with Turkey and the
Levant, Sardinia, Tuscany, &c„ which is at present
being seriously menaced by the encroachments of
Russia in the East; and upon this subject the
following remarks from an able article in Frazer's
Magazine of this month are worthy of serious
consideration :

" Probably (says the author of an ably-written pam-
phlet which we have before us), probably there are few
who will seek to justify the conduct of the Russian Go-
vernment in taking possession of the property of a neigh-
bouring and friendly power; but there are many who af-
firm that, in affairs of countries so remote, England has no
interest, and ought to take no part. Yet the interest of
England, in preserving the integrity of the Ottoman em-
pire, is direct and evident. One of the most lucrative
branches of our continental commerce, that carried on with
the Levant, would be undoubtedly annihilated if Russia
should succeed in attaining the great object of her ambi-,
tion—the possession of Constantinople. By far the
largest portion of our exports to the East passes through
the Dardanelles in order to reach, by a sufficiently cheap
route, the markets of Turkey, Persia, and Central Asia.
But these exports, consisting, almost entirely of com-
pletely manufactured articles, would be excluded from this
passage, and, consequently, from the countries beyond it,
as soon as Russia, according to her invariable policy, had
extended her present tariff, virtually prohibitive of such
articles, to her new dominions. It is to the liberal com-
mercial.system of Turkey, that the Levant or Greek trade
owes its present vast extension, and the almost unlimited
prospect which it affords of future development. With
the fortunes of the Ottoman empire, this important
source of our national prosperity is indissolubly con-
nected.

That the whole weight of the Russian power is pressing
slowly and surely upon Constantinople, who will deny ?
Each year, each conquest, each encroachment, adds
strength to the impetus ; each year, each conquest, each
encroachment, diminishes the power of resistance, and
accelerates the final catastrophe which will be fatal to
Turkey, but not less fatal to England. Is the condition
of this country such that we can afford to lose a market
of two millions and a-half annually without a struggle?
'What the chances of that struggle would be, it is easy to
foresee. The expenses of the war would fall in a time of
grievous commercial depression. The contention would
be with an enemy who can afford to lose both vessels and
men ; while with us every sailor, every spar, every block,
represents a certain sum in hard cash, and one which, in
the end, we should find it difficult to replace. For the
struggle once begun, cannot end unless it be with the an-
nihilation of either the one or the other of the contending
parties. England and Russia represent two hostile prin-
ciples, and they represent them on the largest possible
scale. The world is too narrow to hold them both. To
check the career of Russia before she has attained the
only point on which she can safely commence that struggle ;
to do that by an enlightened and energetic diplomacy,
which otherwise must be done with the blood, the sinews,
and bones cf our sailors and soldiers; and to risk even
the chances of a present war to to the certainty of a war
of extermination, which must commence before the end
of the next ten years, is a plan which even the familiars
of Mr. Cobden and Elihu Burritt would hesitate to con-
demn. Yet it appears we are fated to choose of two
evils, not that which is least, but that which is most
remote.

There is a large increase in all except a few in-
considerable articles of the cotton manufacture ;
and the condition and prospects of the trade are
very promising, as shown by the fact that the con-
sumption of the raw material supplied to the trade
from this port has increased from 28,652 bags per
week in the first three months of the year to
31,831 in the second three months.

The following is Mr. Burn's calculation of the
stock and movements of the raw material :
Bags and Bales.
Stock of cotton in the ports Ist Jan. 1849, 496,050
Ditto in hands of spinners and dealers.. 100,000

596,050
Imported from Ist Jan. to 30th June .. 1,342,621

Total
Deduct exported 107,378

Supply up to 2oth June
Consumption (251 weeks) 33,176 weekly 845,993

Stock of cotton in England and Scotland
on 30th June, equal to 29i- week's
consumption
Of which 855,300 bags are in ports and 130,000
bags in the hands of spinners and dealers.

AN instance of the increased audacity of the
Popish faction in this country has just occurred in
the northern portion of this county. During the
last four or five years the Romanists have been
erecting at Burnley .a magnificent Roman Catholic
cathedral, of large size, and most ambitious in its
structure, decorations, &c., in which they have been
aided, pecuniarily, by the wealthy family ofTowneley.
On Wednesday last, this building was appointed
to be opened, with all the gorgeous rites with
which this heretical church seeks to entrap the
imaginations of the unthinking public, and we
understand that a body of about 40 ecclesiastics
had been assembled for the occasion under the
roof Mr. Townley Parker. Of course we should
have had no exciting cause to remark upon the
occurrence, bad it been conducted without insult
to the Protestant portion of the town and neigh-
bourhood. Such, however, has not been the case.
On the contrary, the most marked assault has been
directed against the religious feelings of the Pro-
testant clergy and laity, by a circular addressed to
a large number of both, inviting them to give their
" attendance and support " on the occasion.
This insult, we art glad to find, has been replied
to in a ler), proper manner by our Protestant bre-

thren in the locality, whose pastors have felt it their
duty to warn their flocks against the wiles of
Popery in the following admirable address :
"BELOVED PROTESTANT PARISHIONERS.—As you have
been expressly invited, by a private circular, to give your
" attendance and support" to-morrow, at the opening of
the Roman Catholic Chapel in this town, we deem it our
duty, as your authorized pastors, and as faithful ministers
of the Reformed Catholic Church of England, to admo-
nish you not to be present, or in any way to countenance
that gorgeous ceremonial. You are informed in the cir.
cular you have received of the splendid music and fine
eloquence with which you will be entertained, but you are
not instructed in the nature of that worship to which you
are invited to be spectators. You are not told of the
signing of the cross above the threshold of the building
to make the " demons fly." You are not told of the
" sprinkling ashes over the pavement of the church in the
shape of a cross," nor of the praying to saints and angels
almost without number, to " pray for" the poor worship-
pers •' nor how " theglorious Virgin Mary and all the saints
will be joined with Almighty God," in the dedication of
the altar. You are not told of " holy relics," (bits of
bones and scraps of rags most likely,) which will be
" borne about by priests on the retie bier," " deposited
in the sepulchre of the altar," " incensed by" the bishop,
and thus prayed over,—" Grant that they whose relics we
here venerate with pious affection may ever aid us by
their merits." You are not told how the bishop will bless
salt and ashes, and then thus address the salt,—" I exor-
cise thee, creature salt, in the name of our Lord Jesus
Christ; I exorcise thee that thou be sanctified for the
consecratiwz of this and altar, and for the doing
away of all temptations of demons; and to all who shall
taste thee be thou a safeguard of soul and body, health,
protection to confirm their salvation." Nor are you told
how he will pray over the ashes, saying, " Send down
from heaven thy holy angel to bless and sanctify these
ashes, that they be a wholesome remedy to all who
humbly call upon thy holy name, and grant, through our
calling upon thy most sacred name, that whosoever shall
be sprinkled with these for remission of their sins, may
gain health of body and protection for the soul, through
Christ our Lord." And the last, though not the least,
you are not told. how, to crown all, when this mournful
mixture of scriptural supplication and magical incantation
shall be ended, the bishop or priest will profess to CREATE
lIIS CREATOR, and the assembled multitude of earnest,
but most deluded, Romanists fall down and worship a
PIECE OF PASTE, WHICH EVERY SENSE—TASTE, TOUCH,
SIGHT AND SMELL—PRONOUNCE TO BE WHAT IT WAS
BEFORE CONSECRATION, MERE FLOUR AND WATER.
"Beloved parishioners, such will be some of the perform-
ances you must sanction, if you allow your ears to get the
better of your judgment, or your curiosity to be stronger
than your conscience. We write in sorrow not in anger;
nor can the Romanists blame us for thus addressing you,
they themselves having placed us under the necessity of
doing so, by distributing their circulars amongst you,
which ought to have been confined to the members of their
own communion. We bring no railing accusation against
the Church of Rome; we have taken the preceding quo.
tations from the "Service for the Consecration of a Church,
in English and Latin, extracted from the Roman Pontifi-
cal," and the correctness of which the Romanists them-
selves will not deny. Is it proper, then, is it consistent,
that you should share in such a scene Can you do so
with a quiet conscience ? Would you be able to justify it
before God ? Were you to go, you must go either to wit-
ness or to worship. In the former case you must see
what you could hardly forbear to ridicule, which would be
highly improper; in the latter case, you must with your
eyes open participate in idolatry. Your going would en-
courage others to look to your example to go on subse-
quent occasions, and consequently, you might for the sake
of a vain and momentary gratification " destroy your
brother for whom Christ died." Beloved brethren, you
know the blight which Popery has cast upon most f the
nations of the earth where it is dominant, and how Pro •
testant England has stood unshaken as a rock in the ocean,
whilethe recent revolutionary tempest has desolated almost
the whole face of Europe. We implore and beseech you,
therefore, by the memory of our martyred forefathers ;
by your blood-bought civil and religious liberties ;—by all
that is good, and great, and free in our matchless country ;
as you prize a preached Saviour, and as you love an open
Bible, lend no succour, give no sanction to Popery.
" We remain, beloved brethren, your faithful friends
and pastors in the gospel of Christ,
" R. M. MASTER, J. BARDSLEY,
" W. THURSDAY, H. STAMER,
" J. M`LINDOII, D. SUTCLIFFE,
" T. WILSON, It. NICHOLSON,
" J. SUDDARD, R. LOMAS."
_ _ _ _

WTe trust that, as the result, the enemy will find
that he has outstepped the bounds of prudence in
the matter; and raised a feeling of indignant remon-
strance against the errors and the insolence of the
apostate church.

WE have given, in another part of our publics.
tion, a lengthened description of the preparations
made for the philanthropic festival which com-
mences to-morrow. The arrangements are most
perfect, anti will more than fulfil the most san-
guine expectations which can have been entertained
of them by the public. A fine week is now all that
is wanting to ensure the success of the fete, ana
whilst we write appearances are most favourable.
Upon one subject, connected with their own con-
venience, and that of the managing committees, we
beg to offer a little advice. It will be observed that
privileged tickets arc being issued, which entitle
the holders to admission during the whole three
days, with the additional advantage, not possessed
by the day tickets, of enabling parties to leave the
ground and return at pleasure. We would suggest,
and indeed strongly urge, that these, and indeed all
tickets, should be purchased in the different shops
where they are on sale, at once, in the first place to
enable the committees to form some estimate of the
numbers likely to attend, and in the next, to pre-
vent confusion and crowding at the various en-
trances. By this means the labours of the com-
mittees will be very greatly lightened.
We are pleased to observe that the merchants and
tradesmen of the town aretakingstepsto enablethose
employed by them to, share in the festival, and to
contribute to its success. Thursday will be treated
as a holiday, after twelve o'clock at noon, by most
of our leading establishments; and many propose
also giving Friday evening. The Association of
Brokers do no business on Thursday; and although
the gentlemen of the Stock Exchange have not as
yet announced such to be their intention, we are
sure they will not he less liberal than their brethren
on the flags. Indeed, we confidently expect to see
the principal portion of the three days devoted to
holiday making, and a pleasant interchange of
communion with friends at home, as well as with
those who may visit us from the surrounding
neighbourhood.

LORD ASHLEY, who is never weary of well doing,
has not allowed his colleagues to relinquish their
duties without being reminded of the awful amount
of responsibility which continues to attach to them
as legislators, in the particular of juvenile depravity.
His lordship, on this occasion, considered his ob-
ject would be best promoted by appealing to the
house to sanction a comprehensive scheme of emi-
gration in connexion with the ragged schools. We
regret that a resolution of such paramount im-
portance should be withdrawn. From his lordship's
remarks, it would seem that the comparative insig-
nificant sum of £15,000, granted by government
last year for the promotion of the above object, was
productive of immense good ; in fact, did more to
relieve us from the redundance of juvenile crime
than £200,000 lavished on the pet experiments of
Parkhurst or Pentonville, which, in fact, are com-
plete failures. But the junta of philosophers that
we are compelled to take for a government cannot
be made to believe this ; discipline is everything in
their opinion, and hence we have it developed in
our prisons and workhouses as well as in all other
receptacles of human beings over which the execu-
tive have control. This is all very well when ap-
plied to the practical and mechanical powers of the
mind; organization and system here are attended
with profitable results : the task of instilling Chris-
tian precepts, and inspiring sound moral principles,
however, is a labour of a more arduous kind, and
is to be carried out in a different manner. The
ragged schools, we believe, to the extent their crip-
pled resources are capable of reaching, are semina-
ries of real moral teaching : the head is not stuffed
with information, perhaps, of a character little
likely to serve the child of poverty, but the nature
is touchingly invaded ; the rank weeds of vice
and ignorance—the true ignorance—of religion
are plucked out to make room for more lovely
dowers. But our enlightened statesmen prefer in-
culcating virtue on the grand scale, and so set apart
large buildings in which thousands of the youthful,
of both sexes, are submitted to a more experi-
mental and mechanical system, which is attended
with enormous cost to the country, and with no
better than evanescent good to those subjected to
its operation. Lord Ashley would reward the most
exemplary of the unfortunate youth who are in-
duced to attend the ragged schools, by transporting
them to the colonies, where their services would be
acceptable and profitable to themselves. That we
should require any such unnatural process to re-
lieve us from the thousands of youth teeming
around us seems anomalous with our boasted
wealth. If, as we advance in civilisation, wealth
and power, as a nation, we are to be shackled
with this enormous and ever-increasing mass of
pauperism and vice, better were it that we had
never emerged from that primitive condition, where
simplicity took leave of us and luxury was gained
instead! It is universally admitted that poverty is
the foster mother of vice, and it is as self-evident
that the present artificial state of society—the

?fl LITIRPOOL STANDARD.

ascendancy of the manufacturing system, with- its
consequent destruction of the true relation which
should subsist between employer and employed,—
has induced the awful amount of misery by which
we are surrounded. It would seem that to make
a millionaire a certain number of hundreds of in-
dustrious beings are required, who are, in the
natural course of things, subjected to such an
amount of oppression, and liable to such long in-
tervals of distress, owing to causes over which they
have no control, that of necessity their average life
must be one of positive want and degradation,—
hence the prolific drafts to the criminal section.
But let us take Lord Ashley's description of
"the 30,000 youths of both sexes by whom the
class of juvenile delinquents was recruited from
what he had personally seen—inhabiting dry arches
or out-houses, huddled together in nakedness and
filth, covered with vermin, and infected by disease.
He had examined thirty-three, from the age of 12
to 18, of whom twenty-four had no parents, and
most had been in prison, one eight and another
twelve times. They confessed they had no other
means of subsistence than begging or stealing."
His lordship assigns, amongst other causes, the
following for this deplorable state of things, " the
oppression of employers, the abundance of penny
theatres, and the exposure of articles in shops."
All these, even to the " oppression of employers,"
may be traced to our " high civilisation," by which
employers have lost their sympathies, and which
warrants the corruption of the youthful mind by
spectacles which, to say nothing of their positive
bad tendency, ought naturally to be appreciated
by none but adults. If we are to go on thus in
company with pestilence, both religious, moral and
physical, we are not ashamed to express a wish
that by the assumption of Fortunatus's cap, or
some other appliance of magic, the good old times
could be restored, when the field for labour was
so restricted that population could not receive any
unnatural incitive, and when employers, from feel-
ing themselves but slightly elevated above their
servants, and other causes incidental on a compara-
tively simple state of society, had all the warmth of
heart towards their dependants which men ought
to feel for one another. For such a change we
could dispense with some of the superfluities of art.

The Colonial policy of the Whig government
appears to be especially directed to estrange the
affections of our colonists from the Mother Country,
and to precipitate their ultimate separation from
the British empire. By the arrival, yesterday, of
the West India mail, and the Halifax mail, we have
advices from Jamaica and from Canada, which go
far to spew that such a crisis is rapidly approach-
ing in.both these colonies.
The legislature of Jamaica had been called on the
25th of June by Sir C. Grey, who addressed the
members at some length, urging upon them to pro-
ceed at once with the business of the colony. The
assembly expressed, in reply, a wish to hear read
first the two despatches which Sir Charles intimated
that be had received from the Home government.
Two days after this sitting the documents were laid
upon the table. The first contained a disapproval
by the Colonial office of the votes in the preceding
session, partially stopping the supplies ; and an
announcement that the form of government in
Jamaica might, if the people wished, be changed
for the Canadian form. The second simply approved
of the conduct of the council in rejecting the Re-
trenchment Bill—a measure passed by the assembly
to reduce the expenditure of the local government
to something within the means to pay of the suf-
fering population. Both despatches were referred
to a committee for consideration ; and the follow-
ing was the reply resolved upon by the house, by a
majority of 19 to 11 :

" That, as there seems to be no disposition on the part
of Her Majesty's Government to afford the redress so
urgently prayed for and demanded by this house and the
people, as set forth in various memorials and petitions,
but, on the contrary, every desire has been evinced to
continue the present extravagant expenditure, which the
impoverished condition of the inhabitants renders it im-
possible longer to sustain, the house considers that it will
best consult the rights and interests of their constituency
by abstaining from any attempt at the further exercise of
legislative functions until the people shall have expressed
their decision on the course which has been hitherto pur-
sued by the house."

Although opposed in all its stages through the
committee of the house, it was ultimately laid
before the governor on the 7th instant. The
attendance of the assembly was immediately re-
quired by his excellency, who dissolved them in the
following address :

" Gentlemen of the Council,
" Mr. Speaker, and Gentlemen of the Assembly,
" I regret that the hon. House of Assembly, in resolv-
ing not to exercise its legislative functions, has departed
from British practices and principles.
" The erroneous assertion thata desire has been evinced
by her Majesty's government to continue any extrava-
gance of expenditure will be sufficiently answered by my
remarking, first, that the scale of expenditure at its high-
est elevation was always what had been proposed by the
House of Assembly ; secondly, that the general expendi-
ture,. by official returns, which have been for some time
before the House of Assembly. is shown to have decreased
within the last three years from £304,000 to less than
£236,000 ; end thirdly, that it is impossible to point out
a single expression on the part of her Majestys govern-
ment which is indicative of the slightest objection to the
colonial legislature's reducing the expenditure still fur-
ther, provided there be no violation of legal obligation or
good faith.
" I trust that the people of Jamaica will be content
with British liberty, and that their representatives should
have such privileges as are enjoyed by the representatives
of the people of England.
"No good will come to Jamaica from any attempt to
go beyond this. Guiding themselves by that safe rule,
the people may always know what they have, and what
they ought to have. If they should be so misguided as to
pass beyond those landmarks they will find themselves in
darkness, or surrounded by false lights ; and in either case
they will be invo.ved in confusion and peril. The best'proofs
they can give of their loyalty to her Majesty, and of their
desire to rest under the shelter and defence of the crown,
as good and faithful subjects, and as members of the
British empire, will be to elect for their representatives
men of temperate and considerate minds, who are not
likely to lead them into trouble.
" In Her Majesty's name I dissolve this assembly, and
it is dissolved accordingly."
The colony is thus virtually without a legislature,
with no supplies voted, and no business done, or
capable of being done, until a new assembly is
elected. It is confidently expected that such an
assembly will have a much larger majority opposed
to the governor than that now dissolved.
In Canada, the excitement, caused by the affir-
mation by government of the Rebels' Indemnity
bill, continues to increase. On the 25th ult. a
provincial meeting of the British American League
was to have been held at Kingston, and attended
by deputations from all parts of the colony; and
by the next arrival we may look for information of
a character decisive as to the steps to be taken by
the British party. In the meantime, the contest is
watched with intense interest from the opposite
side of the border, the letter of General Scott,
upon the subject of annexation having given it a
reality which it previously did not appear to possess.
It is strongly asserted that the general will make
it one of his leading topics, in appealing to the
constituency for the presidential chair.

THE APPROACHING CONCERTS AT THE

PHILHARMONIC HALL.

We gave in our last a programme of the series of
musical treats to be provided for the public on the
occasion of the opening of the new hall belonging to the
Philharmonic Society. Amongst the singers engaged on
the occasion is one, Miss Catherine Hayes, with respect
to whose abilities we have been grieved to read some very
disparaging, and we may add ungenerous, remarks in the
columns of a contemporary. Miss Hayes is an English
singer, who has had a first-rate continental education,
and has received a very large mEed of admiration from
the cognoscenti of a country, the taste of whose inhabi-
tants in song is acknowledged. Her engagement for two
years as prima donna at Milan vouches of itself for her
efficiency ; and we are further assured of it by the opinions
of several gentlemen of musical taste, who have heard
her since her return to her own country.. British critics
have never been very tolerant of the singing or playing of
British artistes ; and whilst we are quite indisposed to
rush into the other extreme; to praise a singer because
she is a native, and to exclaim, with Mrs. Malaprop, " hang
your Italianos," we may suggest it as a most improbable
thing that, without the possession of eminent talent and
training, Miss Hayes could have maintained either her
continental or her English metropolitan standing. We
have no doubt whatever that she will fully justify the
selection of her services by the committee on this occasion.

It will be seen that English wheat dropped yesterday,
at Mark Lane, 4s. per quarter.
A subscription, amounting to £5OO, has been raised for
a memorial to the Duke of Richmond, for his exertions in
procuring medals for the veterans of the army and navy.
MONSTER BAND.—The performances of the united
bands will take place on Thursday afternoon, but we are
not aware of the precise hour.
HOLYDAY.—We believe that Thursday and part of
Friday will be observed as a general holyday. The brokers
will close their offices the whole of the former day—the
pawnbrokers will close at noon on both days, and the
shopkeepers intend to finish business at noon on Thurs-
day, and at four on Friday.