The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-12-27 00:00:00

LI1ilf:11W AUSTRALIA.

TtrE following iewtlike-eopir Sir private_ letter;,raseistly
rcteived frau' a highly reapect~~ase• gentleman in tfro.eaYiry:
Witth is well connected in, this town :----

this morning._ received a letter from you,. and: three
etlattrafrom ---,being the only enesl have had sinte.l arrived
in, the colony; and althbughl have sent several home, yet it
appears that none have tome to, hand, which is no,wonder,
in the present stata-of the colonial post-office, aid of the
whole country. wilAitherefore, repeat all I have said in
thn-others, or as much as-I can recollect. I .cauneout in
the -Dalhousie, on e,of; WO passengers. We hale. good
patage -of 84-days;': the gout circle mode:. of, sailing,
Jim-mg:sighted no,, land between Plymouth, and Port
The • hardkbips. of the passage werensany, but,
being strong and healthy, I got through them,ppetty well,
and . have since gentethrier.li so many worse;, that I look
back with a smite ow what I once thought dreadful On
my arrival at Melbaurne-, I found nothing one is led to
aspect by the =counts, one gets at homer. Thousands
were , starving in thal town,, who were too proud or too lazy
%to work.: Surveyens,.elerks, shopmen, steerneed ; and
lthere was •no ,epening except for a labouring man or
mechanic c so I put my pack on my back,_ and with my
funds,—reduesto 26&,—started to the " ih,frginFs." How
much is comprhended.in that word : hardships in the ex-
treme, bad livtogi.and, in 999 cases out of 1000, bad luck !
lit being supposed; that oat of 70,000 diggera there at once,
40,000 don't getlair wages, 20,000 pretty good,.and 10,000
;high. Out ot-the latter there are very fow who get for-
:tunes, gettingzired of working up to tly„iu middle in mud
;from daylight till dark, and living on, mutton, dam-
per, and straw green tea, without mid; butter, or any-
,thing that atihoine are thought necessaries. I came back
'to Melbourne, having been pretty lucky.: it was all a lot-
tell', Melbourne is a vast sink of viceao4 misery. Rob-
beries committed in the open day, and, people walking in
the streette and serving out goods in,their shops, armed
to ,the teeth,— men enter gold-buyars!, stores, in the mid-
dle of the.day, clap a pistol to his head,, and rifle his shop,
tie and gag- him, and walk away intseenrity ! Bad as are
:the descriptions of California, the- reality here is a great
deal worsse or rather was, as things are now getting
!moresettled, In Melbourne I didmany things which, at
• home,,would be thought low ; but here-you had better put
your pride in your pocket, or threw, it away. I bought a
horse. and cart, and fetched woodiandwater, and worked a
whale-boat in the bay, and thsn,a,lighter on the river, and
laughed in my sleeve as I sa.w.-others,starvingirom pride,
(as, there is plenty of work for, those who will do it,>,
whilst I pocketed from £lB t0,£59,a, week ; amongst others,
I saw poor stone-breaking on.the new roads. I then.
went into the mounted police, till I learnt to be a good;
horseman, and then bade. Melbourne adieu, as although
there is plenty of money ta,be made, yet living is bad and
dear, £5 a week for miserableheard and lodging, andiWs-
a night for horse keep. faced the bush, went on a cattle,
station for trifling wageseand learnt the routine, the-chief
part of which is hard eiding and cracking the stock.whiN
which has a lash 18 feet long, and a handle only 18dnehes,
and has power to cull pieces out of cattle, The. life is
dangerous, but all the• more exciting when lb fait, at the
business. I started cattle-driving on the roads to market ;
a hard life, sleeping-out nights together, with uncovering
but the sky ; sad now in winter the rain falls for weeks
together. My ehief'route is from the Western districts to
Melbourne, a distance of three or four hundred; mike ; and
as the cattle travel only fifteen miles, (having to be kept
fat to the inarket,). the journey down occupies some time ;
but you come• up at your own pace ; the wages are from
£5 to £6 a week ; but I hope two years will put me on my
own bottom, and then the road to fortune is open to me ;
for this is a country where they are made and lost in a
day. Unless one has a trade, there is no opening in the
country but for the young and able-bodied, and the more
of them that come the better—provided they bring stout
hearts with them, otherwise they had better stay at home.
If, like me, they take a decisive step, and go through
without flinching, they may all hope to get enough while
young to live comfortable ever afterwards. A man here
elitist hold his own in many cases by his own strength,
and need show no mercy, as he will get none. Pride is
worse than useless, and money worse than useless; for
unless he can bringhundreds.—he had better bring none.
£lO is plenty. Depend upon it, this is the true
rule : all books on the colony are trash. Without ex-
ception they paint the bright side, but never the darker
and more frequent one. What would a dwawing-room,
bred booby think of my appearance, I wonder. My
dress is a cabbage tree hat, long boots and breeches, and a
blue shirt. On my saddle are strapped a quart pot and
pannikin, my blankets, and a bag containing a few pounds
of flour, and a little tea and sugar. With these I can
travel for days without thanking any one. Not forgetting
the stock-whip, without which I might move, but the
cattle would not. My horse would be cheap in Loudon at
£6O; and I have three others of equal value, all my own.
Now for the country ; it is magnificent. Not far from
where I am writing this letter, there is a station, in the
Grampians which, gee 5,000 feet above the plain at the
back of the hut. IF front runs a rapid river, which in
summer is only a chain of muddy water-holes, but at this
season of the year, a few miles further down, projects a
body of water, 50 yards wide, over a perpendicular height
of 175 feet, and supposed to be the finest falls in the world,
Niagara only excepted. You can pass right under the
falls at the expense of a wet coat, when the river is
impassable by the floods. It is, indeed, a country of anoma-
lies : the flowers are beautiful, without scent; the birds
are feathered with every colour of the rainbow, but have
no song, and the trees are evergreen, but shed their bark,
whilst the stones of the cherries grow outside the fruit.
Horses fed only on grass have immense power of enduring
fatigue, 60 miles being a common day's journey. I have
myself ridden one horse 55 miles in four hours, without a
rest, and on one occasion the same horse 140 miles between
sunrise and sunset, Nothing in England could come up
to this.

`ge harbour of Port Philip is one of the finest in the
world : all the fleets of Europe might ride there with
ease and safety ; and the entrance being high and narrow,
and the passage being full of dangerous shoals, a few heavy

guns would make it impassable. There is not a landing-
place for miles, and few good harbours in the colony. I
wish I had had your pistols. I had to give £2O for a
Colt's revolver. One is not safe without arms. I am writing
this in a great hurry, as I have not often the chance of
post-offices. What would be said at home to £4OO for a
ton of flour, weighing 4,000 lbs ? Such was the price at
the diggings last winter ; but then the carriage was high
in proportion, being £l6O per ton for 86 miles. For
professions there is no hope here. I have seen barristers,
officers, and gentlemen of every description glad to get
work at 10s. a day as labourers on the roads.
" I expect (D.V.) to be able to come home for a few
months in another year or so. Mechanics' wages average
from £1 to £2 a day, and labourers' from 10s. to 15s.
per day; but, then, everything is in propertion. Meat
the same price as at home, and almost everything else
dearer, so the wages are not really as much as they look."

ECCLESIASTICAL INTELLIGENCE.

PEEPP.I7IMENTS AND APPOINTMENTS.
Rev. J. Bartlett, M.A., to the Vicarage of St. lilazey, Corn
wall.

Rev. H. H. Bradshaw, to the Curacy of Sudbury, near Ut
toxeter.

Rev. A. Browne, M.A., to be Chaplain of H.M.S. Arrogant.
Rev. S. Churchill, to the Rectory of Boughton, Norfolk.
Rev. T. H. F. P. Davies M.A., to the Perpetual Curacy of
Christ Church, Ramsgate, Kent.
Rev. J. C. D'Evelyn, M.A., to the Curacy of East Dean,
Hants.

Rev. C. W. Doherty, M.A., to the Rectory of Pelham, near
Gainaborough.
Rev. S. V. Edwards, M.A., to be Chaplain to the Central
London District School, Westow-hill,Norwood, Surrey.
Rev. T. E. Espin, M.A., Fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford,
and Professor of Pastoral Theology,. Queen's College, Bir-
mingham, to the Rectory of Hadleigb, Essex.
Rev. H. S. M. Hubert, M.A., to the Rectory of Stanton,
Norfolk.

Rev: A. E. Hulton, M.A., to the Perpetual Curacy of
Higbet, in the parish of Dalston, Cumberland.
!ter. J. Judo, to the Perpetual Curacy of Trelyatan, with
the Chare'r% of Leighton, pear Welsbpool.
Rev. W. Lone&le, M.A., to be Head Master' of the Colle-
giate and Commercial School, Duke street, Manchester.
square;. London,
Ker. T.-C. Malloy, M.A., to the Curacy of Pordingbridge,
Hampshire.

lter-. T. Rees, to the Vicarage of Rumney, near Cardiff.
Rev. L.- Thomas, to the Incumbency of Merthyr Mawr,
Glamornishire.
Rev. G.- Walsit,M.A., to the Curacy of Southborough,
Kent.

Rev. J. D. Wightwick, M.A., Vicar of Newton Rig-ney, to
the Chap!aincy, of Penrith Union Workhouse.
Rev. E. G. Williams; to the Curacy of St. Mary's Swansea.
Rev. B. Wright; 11Ek., to the Incumbency of Itiockton,
near Dewsbury.
Rev. A. 111. Wilson,. M.A., to the Vicarage of Minstable,
near Penrith. _

TUESDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1853

paribus had a limited application ; that is' to say,that the
person to be appointed should be " a fit and raPer
son," and "duly qualified according to law. The w.
junction must be granted only thus far - to restrain, h of
Morse from performing Divine service in the Canrf.rom
St. Mary's, or from reading the articles therein, erection
doing any act, matter, or thing by virtue of his d
or nomination. It was most satisfactory to fin_ the
Honour said, by the admission of all
majority of the Trustees had been solely actuated bY I!
highest and purest motives in making the selection they
had done, although, in his opinion, they had been Inis.
taken in law, upon which ground alone he granted the ill.
junction prayed. won
BENEFACTIONS TO POOR CLERGYMEN.—At this .q.--a.
of the year a considerable sum of money is annually
tributed amongst poor curates and other clergYraen,
the governors of the ancient Corporation of the Sen,:9l)d
the Clergy, and on Saturday the 17th instant, they ae
their usual meeting for the purpose, at the CorPorati,...l
Parties, that
house, Bloomsbury-place, London, Sir Robert HarrYlmal
Bart., M.P., the senior treasurer, took the chair. The c
of 93 poor clergymen in England and Wales were investigN
ted, and sums from £lO to £2O were given to so. es
was given from the appropriate funds, to fifty-six earatiai
in actual duty, and £235 was awarded from the " sPec,
fund" to twenty-four other clergymen. The applicattd--
came from all parts of England and Walea, and disel°'7,
various sources of distress to which so large a body of ulebo-
as the clergy must ever, in many of its members: , h
unavoidably exposed. Numerous other applications, ivn,.
le'
arrived too late for consideration this month, will be 6'
mitted to the governors in January, by which tittle we
cordially hope the funds may be amply replenished- In
June next, another class of benefactions—viz, for one,
ficed clergymen with small incomes and large 0461°'
will be distributahle,