The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-11-02 00:00:00

Decrease

£730,489

This is a point worthy of serious consideration.
We do not mean that the bank has much of the money
of the savings' banks in its custody, as a bank ; but we
know that a drain of this kind, by sales of stock, con-
verted into coin, and paid out to the depositors in that
form, has been going on for several days past.

It may be useful:6- point out, in connexion with these
returns, that the amount of notes at this moment in
the hands of the public is exactly £300,000 in excess of
the amount in circulation on the 12th of September, 1846,
when the bullion in the Bank was within £13,000 of its
highest point, and when it was double the sum now held.

The l'irsel of yesterday says that there is, and always
must be, a decline in the amount of notes in the banking
department of the Bank of England at the payment of the
dividends. When the stock of notes in that department
is low to begin with, this decrease is sufficient of itself to'
create an immediate difficulty of discounts, as all prudent
people take care to foresee.

Thera always is this decrease in October
last year, as the following figure's will show :-
__

1846.—October 1

It was so

9,788,685

8,305,785
7,409,870

It will be fresh in the recollection of our readers that
the same phenomenon occurred last April, from the same

causes

April 1
„ 8
15

4,876,015
3,699,700
2,832,915
2,558,315

QUARTERLY RETURN OF THE HEALTH AND
MORTALITY IN ENGLAND.

The official return of the health and mortality in 117
Districts of England, for the quarter ending 30th Sep-
tember last, has just been published, as made up from
the accounts transmitted by the respective registrars, to
the General Register Office. The districts are subdivided
into 5213 sub-districts, and comprise, with some agricultu-
ral districts, the principal towns and cities of England.
The population in 1841 was 6,612,000. The deaths
registered in this quarter were 49.479 ; a number less by
1;948, than were registered in the corresponding quarter
of last year, but 7,007 more than the corrected average of
the September quarters of 1838-46. Upon the whole there
is a slight improvement in the health • of the country.
From a table given, it: appears that a small rise in the
mortality took place in the spring after the mild winter of
1846 ; that a sudden advance occurred in summer ; that
the mortality reached the maximum (56,105) in the
winter of 1846-7, and has since slowly subsided.
In London there has been no sign of improvement..
The number of deaths were in the quarter, from diarrhoea,
namely, in each of the three months respectively, 449,
1,549, and 1,196, and from the zymotic'diseases generally,
2,409, 3,234, and 4,061. Within the quarter 4,923 per,
sons died of consumption. Sixteen deaths are ascribed to
various kinds of privation. Typhus raged with unusual
violence. The weekly deaths were never below 50, 'and
in the third week of September 111 persons died of this
disease. The weekly average was 30 for the same quarter
of the five preceding, years.
The epidemic of fever has been more fatal in Lancashire
than in London. In Manchester, Salford, and Chorlton,
4,154 deaths were registered from all causes. Diarrhoea
and fever were the prevalent diseases. Typhus carries off
men and women in the prime of life. Diarrhoea destroys
more children, and becomes dangerous to adults in the
form of cholera. The registrar of Deausgate, Manches-
ter, says,—
"More children have died in the district duringthe last
quarter under the age of five years than in most other
d still • food has been unattainable by the poor,
en. cn
a la-
a almost
at a stand-still , -
ahseorne
justliav havepassed
dnie aatnhusfaoeftaulrle
sagheasv.e bI
ettheaynhdandenroanttee;ndfaamnti horror,_
made her dwel-
lingm
typhus, re-
uiator quarters
ss
et
floernt leiemns spl theirlyoy s mwi homes,
his victims to the grave. The disease of
autumn has also done its work fearfully amongst them, no
less than 103 deaths, almost entirely of children, being re-
corded from diarrhoea, under the drain of which the ex-
hausted frames of the ittle sufferers rapidly sank. In the
close, ill-ventilated, and densely-crowded rooms where the
poor hive together, contagious disorders make rapid pro-
gress, extending from one to another, and acquiring in-
creased virulence from the filth and noisomeness with
which they are nourished."

Liverpool, created in haste by commerce—by men too
intent upon immediate gain ; reared without any very
tender regard for flesh or blood ; and flourishing while
her working population was rotting in cellars—has been
severely taught the lesson, that a part of the population—
whether in cellars or on distant shores—cannot suffer
without involving the whole community in calamity. In
itself one of the unhealthiest towns of the kingdom, Li-
verpool has for a year been the hospital and cemetery for
Ireland. The deaths registered in the four quarters of
1846 were 1,934, 2,098, 2,946, and 2,735; in the three
quarters of 1847, ending in September last, 3,068, 4,809,
and 5,669 ! The population of Liverpool 223,054 at the
last census. It is impossible to represent more correctly
than is done by the short notes of the registrars the pite-
ous spectacle which this great town presented, with the
floating lazarettoes on the Mersey, the workhouses
crowded with destitute paupers, the three large " sheds
which will hold 300 persons nearly full of patients at the
present time," and the fever " getting more prevalent
among the upper classes."
In St. Martin's sub-district, the deaths were 1,026—a
fearful increase. Prevailing diseases, fever, diarrhoea, and
dysentery.

Great Howard-street. —Deaths, 1,253, an increase of
183 over the last quarter, accounted for by the number of
patients sent to the north fever shed. Diarrhoea and
dysentery still prevail.
Duke-street.—Deaths, 747, being 57 less than in the
preceding quarter. The mortality would have been
greater had not most of the lower Irish been removed by
the authorities.

St. Thomas.—Deaths, 915, including 301 who died in
the Lazarettos, on the Mersey. Typhus and dysentery
were the prevailing diseases, but the former is much on
the decrease, and the district has assumed a more healthy
state.

Mount Pleasant.—Deaths, 956, including 630 in the
workhouse, and 33 at the infirmary. The deaths are 51
less than in the last quarter. There were 351 fatal cases
of fever in the workhouse.

Islington.—Deaths, 524, principally from fever, diar-
rhoea, and dysentery.
The other districts were more healthy, but the report
remarks :—" It will require all the energy of the in-
habitants of Liverpool, and the utmost resources of
science, to place the health of the town in a satisfactory
condition."

The mortality remains high in Birmingham, Dudley,
Wolverhampton, Shrewsbury ; in many towns in Lanca-
shire ; in Leeds, Hull, York, and Sunderland. The
returns from the other towns present nothing unusual,
the mortality being much the same as in previous years.
The absolute mortality is always higher by from 10 to 50
per cent. in towns, than in open country districts. The
report states The great historical epidemics have
diPlillisUed in intensity ; And there Appear* to be no

reason why they should not be ultimately suppressed, with
the advances of the population among which they take
their rise. Their origin is obscure, but influenza appears
lenerally to become first epidemic in Russia—cholera in
ndia. It is in India that the source of the latter disease
must he attacked. If the' health of India become sound,
Europe might be safe, and hear no more of the epidemic
which is now traversing Russia. The attention of the
Indian authorities has for some time been directed to the

From some remarks on the weather, during the quarter
by J. Glaisher, Esq., of the Royal Observatory, Green
which, it appears that—" The depression of temperature
below the average which took place from the 7th of Jung
to the end of the month, continued till the 4th of July

On July sth a period of 'hot weather set in' and-from this
time to the end of the month, the average daily tempera-
ture was, with very slight exceptions, above that of the
season ; the period between the 11th and the 16th was
the hottest during the year. The daily temperatures
during the first and last weeka of August were at or
below the average, and above the average during the
remainder of the month. The month of Septem
cold, the temperature being, nearly every day thi
the month, below that of the season

ALL SAINTS' SUNDAY SCHOOLS, BEAT
STREET, LIVERPOOL

closed, while.undergoing extensive alterations, that they
might accommodate a greater number of children, and
the lower roam of the building be made available for the
purposes of public worship during the erection of the
church for the district, were re-opened on Sunday last
(Oct. 31st), and two very eloquent and appropriate ser-
mons were preached on the occasion. That in the morn-
ing by the Rev. David James, A.M., Incumbent of St.
Mary's, Kirkdale, on the words, John iii. 19, " And this
is the condemnation, that light is come into the world,
and men loved darkness rather than light, because their
deeds were evil,"—from which, the preacher having
proved the insufficiency of all other light or knowledge
but the light of the gospel to guide the erring steps of
man aright, and prepare his soul for a heavenly inherit-
ance ; pointed out the obligation laid upon man to receive
the gospel without delay, and to do all in his power to
diffuse its blessings around.

The room was-crowded to excess, and the collection
made at the close of the sermon in aid of the funds for
the defrayment of the expenses incurred by the above al-

terationsamounted to Xii ls. ld

In the Evening the Rev. W. M. Falloon, A.M., In-
cumbent of St. John's, preached from Psalm, lxviii, v.lO
—" Thou. 0 God, hast prepared of thy goodness for the
poor!' The rev. gentleman having set forth the special
blessings prepared for the poor in a Saviour, a Bible, a
ti

Ministry, anc ae various means of grace, and shewed
how freely they were offered to the acceptance of all who
were willing to receive them, made a most pathetic appeal
to his audience, urging them to become fellow-helpers
with their minister in the furtherance of the Gospel
among &neglected people, and try their prayers and every
possible means to uphold his hands that he might not sink
under the arduous labours that lay before him.
Though the collection after the sermon amounted only
to £3 9 2d., it possessed a more than two-fold value,
from the fact of its being composed almost exclusively of
the poor man's pence. Thus giving proof that the bless-
ings God designed for the poor to console them in their
poverty and raise their affections above the world, are
not only received with a welcome, but when once enjoyed
are duly appreciated. Indeed such was the desire of the
poor to hear the Gospel again proclaimed in this district,
which has been deprived of it nearly three years, that the
doors were crowded, more than half an hour before the
appointed time of service, and the Ministers were obliged
to be assisted through the dense mass of people, before
they could obtain admission. Hundreds at last went away
disappointed, while nearly as large a congregation as could
possibly gain admission, remained, outside, and stood as

listeners In the rain during the whole of the service

It is deeply to be regretted that a more spacious .room
could not be obtainecito supply the wants of thiS densely
populated district. But though every effort has been
made by the newly-appointed minister and the few friends
who have voluntarily come forward to his aid, this is the
only building in the neighbourhood that could be made
at all available for the purpose of public worship. Does
not this fact call aloud on all who have the means and
the influence to assist in removing that reproach which
has so often been brought against our town—that we
build churches for the rich and those who can afford to
pay for sittings, whilst too little is done to supply the
spiritual necessities of the poor. Surely in a mercantile
country like this, where we owe so much to their untiring
industry, it were only needful to mention their wants
to find thousands ready to assist in their supply. Let
those who possess riches remember that, independent of
all religious obligation, it is a duty they owe to themselves
to provide for the spiritual instruction of those who have
not the means to provide it for themselves. For it is by
such instruction the social and intellectual chararter of a
people are advanced, and habits of order and cleanliness
are promoted. And since nearly all the opportunities,
the poor are capable d'availing themselves of, are those
derived from the instructions of the pulpit, how impor-
tant is it that churches should be multiplied, and every
facility afforded that they may assemble Sabbath after
Sabbath and listen to that instruction which " maketh
wise unto salvation." Sir Robert Peel's Endowment Act
has partially supplied a want; by providing ministers for
neglected districts, but unless churches are also provided
in which they may congregate their people=the energies
of these ministers will be exhausted—and their most
zealous endeavours to disseminate religious truth prove
almost powerless, and fail, in accomplishing the desired
object. _ _

We are glad to know that some progress has already
been made towards the building of a church for All Saints;
that many benevolent individuals have not only heard of
the pressing cry for help in this neighbourhood, but have
cheerfully responded by the most liberal contributions.
We trust that others will be led to follow their example,
that there may be no want of funds ; for we are credibly
informed that the architect has already completed plans,
and that the land forthe site will, in a few days, be con-
veyed over to the Church Building Committee. We
therefore hope and trust, after what we witnessed on Sun-
day, there will be nothing to retard the work, but that it
will proceed without delay, and that an edifice may be
thus raised, where not merely two or three hundred out of
seven thousand inhabitants may congregate together every
Sabbath-day, but where from at least a thousand tongues
the voice of praise may be raised to the glory of that
Redeemer who, in his love and in his pity, has so bounti-
fully provided for the poor.