The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1838-04-27 00:00:00

SAMUEL HALL'S PATENT STEAM-ENGINES

1. Injection engines when applied to steam navigation, com-
prise, of necessity, the barbarous practice of supplying dirty
and salt wilier to the boilers.
The patent engines effecta supply of the purest distilled water
to the boilers, by which they are always kept in a perfectly
clean state.

2. In injection engines the water in the boilers may become
saturated with salt, in which case it will not boil under 225 deg.
of temperature.
The patent engines having pure distilled water in the boilers,
it boils at 212 deg. or at 13 deg. less temperature than salt water,
and of course requites less fuel to convert it into steam.
3. In injection engines, in order to prevent the water from
becoming saturated with salt, a large quantity or boiling water
must be pumped out of the boilers, or blown off, and replaced
with cold water every two or three hours, which cold water hav-
ing to be brought up to the boiling point, causes a considerable
waste of fuel to take place.
The patent engine boiler never requires any blowing r ut, no
matter how long the engines arP in uttinterrupted operation.
4. In injection engines, the boilers will, after every precau-
, tiou is taken, become coated with hard scale of cousiuerahle
thickness; this, being a had conductor of heat, prevents thefree
transmission thereof from the fires to the water, and causes the
boilers to burn and wear out very rapidly, and increases the
consumption of fuel.
The patent engine boilers will be perfectly clean, not only
for many voyages, but for many years, and their durability wiil
be very much greater than that of boilers supplied with salt
water, and a comparatively small consumption of fuel will also
be the result.
5 In order to prevent the boilers of injection engines from
burning and wearing out with a rapidity that could not be sub-
mitted-to, it is necessary in long voyages to suspend' the work-
ing of the boilers, in order to em and Cool them, for the pur-
pose of clearing and chipping off the scale that firmly adheres
to them, which operation considerabiv injures the boilers.
In the patent engines all delays and Inconveniences arising,
from the emptying and cleaning of boilers are entirely super-
seded, for by their permanent cleanness the water they contain
entirely defends them front the action of the fire, ancras no de-
posit takes place they are not subjected to the injury caused by
chipping off the scale, as in injection engines.
6. In injection engines the oil which is put into the cylinders,
stuffing boxes, slides, &c., is speedily carried away by the in-
jection
water into the sea, the time therefore of its being in the
engines is so short that nine-tenths of it is wasted and does but
little good, if any good, and it does not, as in the patent engines,
enter the boilers and protect them from the corrosive action of
hot salt rater.
In the patent engines, not a particle of the oil which is given
to the internal parts of the engine, &c., is washed away into the
the sea, or lost, but it is all carried into the boilers, whereby
they are protected from corrosion, and an ample lubrication of
the engines is effected, at scat cely any y.ost, as hereafter men-
tinned.

7. In injection engines a portion of the salt contained in the
water is carried over mechanically along with the steam, into
the working cylinders. slowly corroding and wearing the slides,
valves, and other internal parts of the engines, whereby they
are rendered untrue, and a considerable quantity of steam escapes
past them and is wasted.
In the patent engines, a portion of oil being always, as before
stated, introduced in commixture with the pule water into the
boilers, it passes over mechanically along with the steam, in
minute particles, into the cylinder; thus this ample lubrication
actually improves the slides, valves, and other internal parts of
the engines, instead of injuring them, whereby a gteat saving
in their wear and tear is effected.
8. In injection engines salt water, dirt, sand, and other im-
purities pass thrugh the air pumps, and thereby render them
and their piston rods, &c., very rough and full of farrows, in
consequence whereof, great friction in working them, and waste
of power is occasioned.
In the patent engines nothing but distilled water and oil pass
through the air pumps, which, instead of becoming rough, and
thereby rendered mare smooth and polished; and, of course,
biass buckets, piston rods, and linings to the air pumps, are
not necessary, as in the case in injection engines.
9. In injection engines a considerable power is required to
pump out the injection water, in engines of 450 horse power
(like those on board the Greer Western), 2,700 gallons of water
per minute have to be pumped out of a vacuum (reckoning six
gallons per horse power per minute), and this requires as much
power as the pumping of that quantity of water out of a well 30
or 32 feet deep.
In the patent engines the air pump has only to pump out of
the vacuum the water resulting from the condensation of the
steam, which in a pair of engines of 450 horse power, is only
about 50 gallons per minute; the saving of the power therefore
required to pump nut the 2,700 gallons per minute of injection
water, is so much additional effective power gained, end ap-
plicable to the paddle-wheels.
10. In injection engines in stormy weather and heavy seas
the condensing water enters the condensers as rapidly si hen the
engines are going at a slow, as when they are going at a fast
speed, and as it is impossible to reeulate the quantity of injection,
water 4,- (110 uregnrafity or the speed of the engines.
. ,
great Ganger arises on the one hand, of choking the condenser
and the air pump, and even breaking down the engines, by use
admission of too much water when they are going slow, or on
the other hand, of deducting greatly from the power of the.en-
gines,' by enjectiug too little water into them when their speed
is great, thereby deteriorating the vacuum, and reducing the
power of the engines, and that at the time when the greatest
power is required.
The patent engine in the roughest weather, and when the
greatest power is required preserve as perfect a vacuum, and
consequently as great a power as' in fine weather, and all the
care required in injection engines to supply the proper quantity
of condensing water is superseded, and the engineer is relieved
from that onerous duty.

11. In injection engines the proper supply of water to the
boilers is tiependent, upon, and entirely at the mercy of the
engineers, from whose negligence such serious accidents arise
as those of the explosion of the two Hull steam-vessels, the
" Union" and " Victoria," and many others, by which a most
serious lo‘s of life has taken place, and great injury has been
done to the reputation of steam navigation.
In the patent engines, the boilers are never liable to be burnt
down, or injured by the water becoming in them, by accident,
or by carelessness of the engineers, too low, for, as every
cubic foot of water which is converted into steam, is by conden-
sation reconverted into precisley the same quantity, and re-
turned to the bullets, the water is always kept in them at exactly
the same height, without any attention on the part of the

engineer.

12. In injection engines the vacuum is injured by the air
which is in mechanical combination with the injection water,
.being conveyed by it into the condenser.
In the patent engines, a superior vacuum is obtained, owing
to no air being iatioduced into the condensers, and to the con-
densation being► more perfect than can be effected by injection.
ADVANTAGES CONSEQUENTIAL UPON THE PATENT IMPROVg-