The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1840-11-27 00:00:00

INQUESTS

Before P. F. CURRY, Esc'. •
ACCIDENTAL DEATll.—Yesterday an inquest was held at
the coroner's office on view of the body of James Kelly, a
man aged 61 years. Police-officer, Andrew Dickson, said
he was on duty about a quarter past six o'clock on Saturday
night, the 31st of October, when he heard same one calling
out, and on looking round he saw a spring cart drawn by one
horse. He also saw something in the middle of the street
crouched all of a lump, and on it was the near wheel of the
cart. He afterwards went up and found it was the deceased,
he picked him up, and put him on the parapet. The driver,
who was sitting in front, stopped the cart after it had passed
over the man. The cart belonged to Robert and William
Chadwick. The deceased was taken to the Northern Hos-
pital, and was afterwards attended at his own house. The
wife of the deceased heard of the accident soon after and saw
him at the hospital, where every attention was paid to him,
as well as afterwards at home. He however, gradually de-
clined, until Tuesday morning, when he died. The deceased
told him that as he was crossing the street he was knocked
down by the cart, but before he fell he held up his hand. He
was then under the impression that he was dying. He did
not say that the driver was to blame. The jury returned a
verdict to the effect that the deceased was accidentally killed.
Mr. Chadwick, the owner of the cart, was told by the coroner
that the unfortunate wife of the deceased was left without
sixpence in the world, and that she had even got the coffin
on credit. He suggested that Mr. C. should do something
for her. Mr. Chadwick immediately expressed his willing-
ness to assist her, and retired with her for that purpose.
AWFULLY SUDDEN DEATH.—Same day an inquest was
held on view of the body of John Francis. The deceased
was employed yesterday morning as a rigger on board the
ship Robert Fulton, lying in the Victoria Dock. About nine
o'clock he and another man were in the act of hoisting one
of the sails, when all at once he fell on the deck. He was
immediately picked up insensible. He never afterwards ral-
lied, and died in a few minutes after. A police-officer was
called, and he was carried to the Northern Hospital. A past
mortem examination was afterwards made by Mr. Wood-
ward, surgeon of the hospital. and he gave it as his opinion,
that death was caused by a disease called aneurism of the
aorta. The jury returned a verdict that the deceased died
by " the visitation of God.'

DEATH FROM CONCUSSION OF THE BRAIN.—Same day,
on view of the body of Isabella Wilkinson. The deceased,
who %as 57 years of age, was employed as a nurse by Mrs.
Mary Shakespeare, of Clarke-street, Toxteth-park. On
Monday morning last the deceased got up a little after five
o'clock, got a light, and went down stairs. A noise was soon
afterwards heard, like something falling, and Mrs. Shake-
speare got up, and called the deceased; but receiving no an-
swer, called to her brother, and he went down stairs. Shortly
after he had gone down, he called on the witness to come
down directly. She went down, and found the deceased,
who had been lifted from the floor, quite insensible, and
bleeding from the head. A doctor was called, and leeches
were about being applied, but which was not done, as she

I was afterwards taken to the Infirmary.- There was a cut on
l the back of the head, but the bleeding was stopped. Miles
Preston, the brother of the first witness, said he found the
deceased lying at the foot of the stairs, with her feet on the
bottom step, and her head close to the coal-vault door, which
is opposite the stairs. She was quite insensible and bleeding.
Mr. Brandreth, house surgeon of the Infirmary, said the de-
ceased was brought there on Monday morning, about nine
o'clock, in a state of insensibility. She was labouring under
concussion of the brain. There was a severe wound on the
scalp, at the back of the head. She never recovered, and
died the same evening about eight o'clock. Concussion of
the brain was the cause of death. The jury returned a ver-
dict to the effect that the deceased was found at the bottom
of the stairs, much injured, and that she died from concus-
sion of the brain; but how the injuries 'were received there
was no evidence to show

CORRESPONDENCE.

MR. ROSSON AND THE IRISH CLERGY.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD
SIR,—Mr. J. Rosson has given us a difficult riddle,
his " 6 Irish bigots who have left their owe country to tnarry
rich wives and get rich livings." But we can tell who they
are not, and this will be something towards it.
Rev. Hugh M'Neile cannot be one, for he has not got
either a rich wife or a rich living.
Rev. Hugh Stowell cannot be one, far he is not an Irish-
man at all, neither has he married a rich wife or got a rich
living.
Rev. Robert M`Ghee cannot he one, for he has not left
bis own country, neither has he married a rich wife. -
Rev. T. D. Gregg cannot be one, for he has not 10 his
own country, and he married an English lady, not rich.
Dr. O'Sullivan cannot be one, for he has not left his own
country, neither did he marry a lady with property.
Rev. F. Ould cannot be one, for he did not marry a lady
of property, neither has he a rich living.
Now I have named the six most likely to be " counted on
Mr. Rosson's fingers," and not one will answer the descrip-
tion ; and if the learned gentlemen will name the six parties,
venture to prove that they are equally erroneous. In
fact, sir, there can be no doubt that this is another popish
fabrication.—Yours, &c.

MATTER-OF-FACT,

ANTI-FRANTIC-BIGOT-GOING-THROUGH-
THE-COUNTRY-SOCIXTY.

Perhaps the inhabitants of Liverpool are not fully aware
of the existence of the above popular society, and of its vari-
ous useful objects.

In the first instance, it is proposed to prepare an act of
parliament, during the next session, called the " Six Bigot
Act," the object of which shall be to prevent the utterance
of opinions averse to those held by the honourable Protector
Society.

Also to prepare an act of parliament, rendering bribery
legal in certain cases.

Also an act, rendering it compulsory upon Irishmen of all
professions (barring barristers) to remain in their own country.
Also an act, rendering it illegal for poor Irishmen to marry
rich Englishwomen ; and where such unions have taken
place, to render a repeal of the union necessary.
Also to have a " standing committee of observation,"
touching the printing, publishing, or distribution of books,
tracts, or handbills inimical to the sentiments of such com-
mittee, and to burn such publications when obtained, and,
if possible, the publishers also.
The literary department to be under the management of
five gentlemen educated at Maynooth.
The society intend, when sufficiently established, to take
up the fire insurance department, upon pure " Catholic"
principles.

The legal department under the management of a gentle-
man whose talent is acknowledged by the whole " unknown
world," and who has, besides the entire confidence of his
holiness the Pope, the most perfect satisfaction of himself.
As the society will doubtless shortly possess works of art,
the painting department will be superintended by a gentle-
man possessing the highest testimonials from the aristocracy
of the City-road, London, and who possesses talents of no
ordinary degree, although hitherto they have been hid in a
napkin. This gentleman being out of employ, will also be
of the greatest use to the society in various departments.
The juvenile members of the society will be expected to
attend alternately the Socinian Chapel, Popish Mass House,
Dissenting Meeting, and Hall of Science, as the best mode
of inculcating liberal views.
The whole to be under the patronage of the late mayor and
present as-pirant to a seat in parliament.
I shall be happy to furnish you with the further rules, &c.,
as they are formed, and remain your obedient servant,

LIBERAL

THE OPERATIVE CONSERVATIVE ASSOCIATION

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD

SIR,—I am in receipt of a letter from the Secretary of the
Bolton Operative Conservative Association, informing me
they had agreed, if their information will bear them out, to
establish, in conjunction with the association, a Sick and
Burial Society—he is not aware whether there is one in Li-
verpool, and requests me to make the inquiry, and obtain
as much information as possible to the following effect :
" The number of members, and whether they have any
honorary ones ; whether it has been of advantage to the con-
servative cause ; how often they have meetings, and so on."
Being almost an entire stranger in Liverpool, I am At a
loss how to obtain the required information ; but recollect-
ing the committee of the above association are subscribers to
your valuable paper, and that you are friendly to such asso-
ciations, it struck me, I might obtain the information from
you. If you can render me auy assistance, you will greatly
oblige, sir, your obedient servant, H. G.
12, Oil-street, Liverpool.
[Perhaps some of our readers can furnish the required in-
formation.—E.L.S.]
Nov. 19, 1840.

MR. ROSSON AND HIS GAGGING BILL

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD

SIR,—It is not strange that this gentleman should so mys-
tify himself in his frothy eloquence, that he could not see he
was blowing hot and coldin the same breath. " The liberty
of the subject," "an Englishman's house is his castle," and
a string of these truisms, having been uttered, he goes on to
inform his auditory, that " there should be some legal and
constitutional means taken to check the proceedings of men
who, under the guise of religion, were doing their utmost to
set fire to the four corners of the empire." What ! a liberal !
a liberal Papish too ! (strange animal) put a check upon free
discussion. The cat is out of the bag here—a law to be
passed to gag six men. I, for one,- should have no objections
to a law to punish treasonable demagogues, and I know who
would long ago have had a rope round his neck. The great
grub with some learned gentlemen is, that in this land of li-
berty a man must not bribe voters.—Yours :respectfully,

ANTI-IfUMBLt

TO I'HE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD,

Si a,--Will you be good enough to give the enclosed inser-
tion in your paper, as it is not likely that any of the reform
prints will favour me so far.—l am, sir, yours, obediently,

TO JOHN WOOLLAIGHT, ESQ.

Siu,—l address you in your public capacity as councillor
for St. Peter's Ward, in consequence of a report very gene-
rally circulated, that you have offered to vacate your seat in
favour of Mr. Rathbone. Whether it is true or not, I do
not pretend to say ; I hope for your own credit that it is not,
for, although it may be a very chivalric determination on
your part, I think that the respect you owe to the electors of
the ward who sent you into council to represent their opinions,
might have induced you to call a public meeting and take the
sense of that meeting, before you rushed into the determina-
tion of making St. Peter's Ward into a warming pan, and
yourself into a coal, to keep the box seat for Mr. Rathbone.
I well remember the anxiety you manifested on the first
election after the passing of the Reform Bill. When you
called on me to solicit my vote, the perspiration was
dropping from your face, and it was cheering to listen to
the independent way in which you spoke of your deter-
mination to reform every abuse, although you avowed
yourself friendly to the Established Church, of which
you no doubt knew that many of your supporters were mem-
bers. Well, sir, we elected you, and, as Sir Howard Douglas
said, " you jumped from the counter to the Council," and
you all at once became somebody ! What was your first act ?
Was it not to sneak out of the council-chamber without
voting either for the retention or dismissal of the late Town-
clerk, and which you did amidst the ill-suppressed titter of
every reformer in the room ! and the Albion well remarked
on your cowardice when it reminded you that " silk has two
sides." Since you have occupied a seat, how have you dis-
tinguished yourself ? What reporter has given to the world
a single idea of yours worth recording ; and beyond your
mere vote, what honour has been reflected on St. Peter's
Ward by your representation ?. As one of your real friends,
and as the friend of real reform, I must tell you that many
of the acts of yourself and colleagues have irreparably da-
maged our cause. You have just done what the tories were
turned out for doing, and by your exclusive system you have
managed to bring reform into contempt. You have con-
verted three-fourths of the licensed victuallers into our anta-
gonists, by almost indiscriminately adding to their numbers,
when they were already too numerous, and none of you had
the manliness to stand up and protest against such a whole-
sale system. And does our cause render Angel meetings ne-
cessary, where you have been one of the most diligent at-
tenders ? I trow not ; and it is with sorrow I add, that the
cause of reform, which could never have been injured by its
enemies, has been utterly destroyed by its friends. lam not
only speaking my own sentiments, but those of many re-
spectable reformers in the ward, when I say, that the whole-
sale licensing system, the attacks on the warehouse property.
of the town—aye, of the education question, too—aided by
the itinerating peregrinations of Mr. Tindal Atkinson, to
the' exclusion of men of standing and respectability, have
been some of the causes of our present deplorable condi-
tion. It is no use blinking the matter. The tories, from
these and other causes, are within reach of the Town-
hall ; and, if report be true, you are about endangering
our cause still more by offering to vacate your seat.'
And if you do, who is to be Mr. Rathbone's antagonist ?
Why a man who will receive the united support of a powerful
party. One who is an old resident of the ward, employs
hundreds of workmen therein, and however I may dislike
his politics, all must admit that in every other sense he is
unobjectionable, and would (politics apart), be a most ser-
viceable man in council. And dont let us run away with the
idea that none but tories will support him. Many of the
reformers of the ward will either vote for him or not vote at
all. This fact, if you doubt it, you may easily ascertain on
inquiry, for just as scores of us in Great George Ward will
not oppose Mr. James Lawrence, so we shall find, when it
comes to the vote, that many moderate men will not oppose
Mr. Holmes. And after all, it is not our out and outers
who carry our elections, but the thinking moderate men,
who are not led away by fine professions, but who judge of men
by their actions and lives. If you are desirous of retiring
from council, you have an opportunity of doing so now.-
Then let us have Mr. Rathbone, and a fair stand-up fight.
But if you now voluntarily retire, and so convert this ward
into a sort of rotten borough, for the convenience of those
who have been rejected in other places, depend upon it that
you will make bad worse, and your own career as a public
man is extinguished for ever.—l am, sir, your obedient
servant. . . REFORMER.

[We have, as requested, given insertion to the above, and
think Mr. Wooßright may truly say, " save me from my
friends." He is wishful to please his friends, but in all pro-
bability he has not found out which side of the silk feels the
smoothest.—En. L. S.l

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.
SIR,-It is a matter of regret that your reporter should
have left the Welsh dinner meeting last Monday, before the
Rev. D. James had delivered his eloquent address on true
patriotism, and on the ex-Mayor's partiality to " Cambria
in distress:" and when partially deserted by her own sons,
that I am induced to make the following offer—namely, that
if you can by any means obtain a correct report of that
speech, and of another rev. gentleman's reply to it, and will
publish it in your respectable journal, I will hand you rive
pounds towards any charity in the town. You will not,
perhaps, consider this a contemptible offer at this season. It
would also be very desirable if you could furnish the public
with Sir Joshua Walmslev's masterly response. His keen
penetration at once grasped the subject. Ha knew all about
the treachery referred to, and hence he said, repeatedly and
pointedly---" Let those who are conscious of the truth of the
severe rebuke just delivered, take shame to themselves—let

them drop die name of Britonsl-or let them act openly and
generously, as their fathers of old would under similar cir-
cumstances." Oh, how this told ! The company felt it,
and cheered the sentiment. The exposure of false brethren,
who care more for their pockets than they do for their coun-
try; who would shelter themselves beneath some paltry ex-
cuse, rather than come forward in behalf of Cambria, was
happily enforced by Mr. James, when he added, emphati-
cally, " There is a character—a real character under all
this." The cap, at any rate, seemed to fit one gentleman
present, who got up to talk about directors of the Welsh
schools, and trustees of the Welsh church not being pro-
perly waited upon'. Wonderful if true—but shameful if not
true! The company felt the insult, and manifested their dis-
approbation by hissing—the sophistry would not do—the
age ofJesuitism is gone by. Then it was added, there was
" a reason for it"—that is, for the defection complained of—
capital! Let us have it out. The sooner the better. 'We
are waiting for it. We are prepared to meet it. We are
longing to measure the length of our goose quills with our
opponents if they durst come out.

-As the Welsh School was referred to, I beg leave to
inquire what is become of its display on St. David's
day ? Why have fifty or sixty Welsh gentlemen ceased
to meet at dinner on its anniversaries since the Welsh
church has been built? Has that church a Welsh congrega-
tion? Unless I have an immediate answer to these enqui-
ries, the public, with your permission, shall hear again from,
sir, your obedient servant, SCRUTATOR.
November 25, 1840.

[We have omitted a portion of our correspondent's letter,
for reasons which we shall be happy to explain, but which,
on reflection, he will probably anticipate.—En.L. S.]

LIME-STREET WARD

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

SlR,—Will you allow me to use a space in your paper, in
order to make a suggestion to the committee and all those
interested in the success of the conservative cause in Lime-
street Ward—a ward which on a late occasion nobly did its
duty. When I consider the numerous and respectable meet-
ing which was held at the York Hotel; when 1 consider the
hard work that the conservatives bad to undergo ; and whe►►
I consider the great triumph that was achieved ;—I do hope
you will agree with me that we ought to have a dinner to ce-
lebrate so splendid a triumph, setting aside the great good it
may do. I would willingly subscribe my two guineas to-
wards the expenses.—l am, sir, yours respectfully,

A CONSERVATIVE.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDA RD.

SlR,—About 12 months since, the Rev. J. H. Masguire,
curate of St. Helens, delivered seventeen lectures on the
Romish Apostacy, in the great room belonging to the Infant
and Sunday Schools. The interest created exceeded aiiy-
thing ever witnessed in these parts : the Papists attended in
vast numbers, (for we have, it is said, 5,000 in and about St.
Helens) and now and then some of the neighbouring priests
condescended to look in and hear what was going on. Mr.
Macguire's mode of dealing with the papacy could not be ob-
jected to—for he never once adduced Protestant authorities—
he condemned the " wicked servant" out of her own mouth.
He was, indeed, munificently liberal in citations from the
Canons and Decrees of Trent, the Catechism of Trent, the
Creed of Pope Pius IX., the Rituale Romanum, the Missals
Romanum, the Pontificate Romanum, the precious Breviary,
a host of modern catechisms, and, occasionally, Thomas
Aquinas and Cardinal Bellarmine with the Maynooth class-
books, &c., &c. All these authorities he quoted from in the
pulpit, inviting, at the same time, any Popish priest to:gain-
say if he could.

The result, indeed, has been highly gratifying ; for I have
myself noticed at one communion, persons who, prior to the
delivery of these lectures, were worshippers in the Popish
chapel ; and I also know that there are now converts under
the rev. lecturer's instruction, previous to their admission to
the Eucharist the coming Sacrament Sunday.
I am quite persuaded in my own mind that if similar plans
were had recourse to throughout " once protestant " Eng-
land, that God would vouchsafe many and great blessings. I
have conversed with several papists on the subject of these
lectures, and I have heard them always say, " we do believe
that although Mr. Alacguire does hate our doctrines, he loves
our souls and bodies, for when our priests preach controver-
sial lectures, they do not conclude with the same expres-
sions of love towards protestants."
I am happy to inform you also, that on Thursday evening
last, Mr. Macguirc commenced a course of lectures on eccle-
siastical history. The great room was crowded. The lecturer
commenced at the ascension of our blessed Saviour, and came
down to the destruction of Jerusalem. These lectures are to
embrace notices of the establishment of the apostolic churches
—a history of their founders, and those bishops and patri-
archs who succeeded them, &c ; also a history of the several
heresiarchs who troubled the church, and the nature of their
heresies, from the time when the " mystery of iniquity be-
gan to work, the persecutions of the primitive Christians, the
several councils of the church, &c, down to the reformation.
I may, perhaps—should you have no objection,—send you
some extracts—from time to time—of these lectures, par-
ticularly on points connected with anti-episcopal schism,
Arianism, and Popery.

Chrzshanus mtht nomen est, catholicus cognomen. Illud
2e nuneupat. Istud ostendit.

PACIANUS

St. Helens, Nov. 25, 1840

The distillation of spirits in Ireland for the year ending
10th October last, was less than the preceding year by
3,500,000 gallons, and the consequent loss of duty to the
revenue has been £466,000.

The average value of the annual produce of the mines of
the British islands amounts to the sum of £20,000,000, of
which about 8,000,000 arise from iron, and 9,000,000 front
coal. The mineral produce of Cornwall and Devon alone has
recently amounted to £1,340,000. In this estimate the va-
lue of the copper is taken in the ore before fusion ; that of
the iron, lead, zinc, tin, and silver, after fusion, in their first
marketable condition.

SEVERN NAVIGATION.—One of the most gratifying fea-
tures in the subscription which has been raised, in order to
enable the committee to take the initiatory steps for the im-
provement of our fine river, is that nearly all the carriers on
the line, and in anywise connected with the trade carried on
upon it, have contributed. Amongst these we may enumer-
ate Messrs. Pickford and Co., Messrs. Crowley and Co.,
Mr, Devey, Mr. Heath, Messrs. Stuckeys, &c. &c. The
subscription proceeds most favourably. The British Alkali
Company, at their late meeting, agreed to subscribe £lOO to
the fund for the above object.—Worcester Journal.
BONDED WAREDOUSES.—In consequence of the disco-
♦ery of recent frauds in the revenue, in the transmission of
bonded goods from one port to another, we understand that
an order will be issued in a few 'days, from the Board of
Customs, regulating the times to be allowed for the transit of
goods by different conveyances, as follows :
Railroad and stage conveyance lO days
Inland navigation and sailing vessels. 1 month
Steam-vessels and waggons, or vans.. 14 days.
Whereas formerly it was two months for sailing vessels, and
seven days for railroad, from the date of delivery from the
warehouse. The new order will date the time from the day
the bond is entered into.—Bristol Journal.
KIRRET.—THE MURRAIN.—The disease in cattle still
continues to spread in this neighbourhood. We have heard
that Mr. James Harrison, of Low Fields, has upwards of
seventy head of cattle more or less affected, half of which
were fat; at Underley, the seat of A. Nowell, Esq., not only
the cows, but the buffaloes have been seized with the epi-
demic; and Mr. William Garnett, of Kirfit Hall, has ceased
for the present to bring milk into the town.—Kendal Mercury.
CANAL NAVIGATION.—It has for some time been in con-
templation here, to try the dragging of canal passage boats by
a chain laid along the whole length of the canal, on pretty
much the same principle as horse boats are (flagged across
river ferries—only the power to be steam. A preliminary
trial of this plan was made at Johnston on Friday, with a rope
instead of a chain ; and we understand that, as far as the
principle is concerned, the trial was altogether satisfactory.
The engine, however, was not in a proper condition to se-
cure the desired speed. Another trial is to be made in a few
days hence.—Paisley Advertiser.

FAILURE OF A LONDON BANKING HOUSE.—We regret
to have to notice to-day the stoppage of the old and respected
firm of Messrs. Wright and Co. bankers, Covent Garden.
The numerous speculations, however, in which Mr. John
Wright was known to be engaged led the more observant and
prudent people to watch this establishment for some time
past ; and the event was in many quarters by no means un-
expected. The announcement, therefore, was not attended
with any effect upon the funds; and we believe we may say
safely, that no bad consequences are likely to be experienced,
in regard to the position of other banks, by the unfortunate
suspension of payments on the part of Messrs. Wright and
Co.

NEW OPERATION FOR LATERAL CURVATURE OF THE
SPINE.—This operation, which has been so eminently suc-
cessful in Paris, was, for the first time in England, performed
on Wednesday last, by Mr. Childs, surgeon, Wood-street, in
the presence of Mr. Coulson and Mr. White, demonstrator
of anatomy at the Medical School, Aldersgate-street. The
subject of operation was a lad 17 years of age, who had been
affected with this disease upwards of three years. The ope-
ration consisted in dividing the muscles of the back on one
side, and occupied less than a minute in its completion. The
loss of blood was trifling, and the wound in the skin only an
eighth of an inch in extent. The lad experienced but little
pain, and was enabled, after the operation, to walk to his bed.
Times.

THE LATE ACCIDENT ON THE BIRMINGHAM AND GLOU-
CESTER RAILWAY.—The adjourned inquests upon the bodies
of Scaiffe and Rutherford, the two unfortunate men killed by
the bursting of the boiler on the Birmingham and Gloucester
Railwry, were resumed before Mr. Dooker, at the Cross
Hotel, Bromsgrove, on Monday. The jury retired for about
two hours and a-half, and upon their return brought in the
following verdict :—" We find that Thomas Scaiffe came to
his death in consequene of the bursting of the boiler of a
locomotive engine called 'the Surprise,' the property of Mr.
Samuel Aspinall Goddard, by the boiler being constructed of
iron plates, which in evidence appear to have been of insuffi-
cient thickness." Deodand £6O on the engine. A similar
verdict, exclusive of the deodand, was given as regards
Rutherford.

A GOODLY MAW.—A. week or two ago, a piscator, who
resides on the Galloway side of Solway, caught in his net a
thumping cod, which was handed over to the cook to be gut-
ted and dressed for the dinner of rather a large family. Its
paunch, when taken out of the water, seemed a good deal
distended; and as the kitchen maid proceeded in the duty,
not of moral but of physical excavation, she had the plea-
sure of disembowelling three dozen of excellent whitings,
seven flounders, and three crabs ! In place, therefore, of
boiling or frying the cod, the cook made a fry of the con-
tents of its stomach, and dined splendidly, mealy potatoes
included. master, mistress, miss, and a parlour guest, with
least half a dozen other persons.—Mnfries Courier.

THE PATENT SCREW PROPELLER.—We were among the
first to notice with approbation the successful discovery by
Mr. Smith, of Folkestone, of this superior mode of propell-
ing steamers. We have before us a letter written by Mr.
Smith to a gentleman residing in this county, showing the
success which has attended the introduction of his invention.
Five or six large vessels are now on the stocks which will be
fitted up with the screw, and a communication has been made
from the Admiralty for the construction of a screw-ship for
the government. A report has been published by Captain
Chappell, R.N., of the effects of the screw propeller, as used
on board the Archimedes, in various trials with her 'Majesty's
Steam Packet Widgeon, at Dover, and subsequently in a cir-
cumnavigation of Great Britain. It contains much interest-
ing and important matter, of Which the opinion of the Earl
of Dundonald is not the least striking. His lordship speak-
ing of the superiority of the screw observed that " in three
years it would be a matter of wonder how such a barbarous
contrivance as paddle wheels was ever adopted."—Kentisk
Gazette.

SOUTII-EASTERN AILWA.V.—This great undertaking is
now proceeding with the utmost vigour; all the works be-
tween Tunbridge and Redhill are in a state of great forward-
ness, it being the intention of the directors -to open the line
as far as Tunbridge with the least possible delay. The tun-
nel near the village of Bletch.ngly, which XpaAticularly
arduous and heavy structure, is also progressin onNderably.
This is one of the most interesting works upon he line, par-
ticulary to the geologist, as it pulses under ground near the
foot of Tilburston Hill, which, it is well known, has been
subjected to some powerful subterraneous action, the strata
upon some parts of the hill being singularly distorted. All
the phenomena observed by the engineer in the progress of
the work shows this spot to have been peculiarly subjected to
the upheaving and disturbing powers which at some remote
period have been in active operation. Mr. Simms, the en-
gineer, who resides at Bletchingly, is in possession of several
interesting fossils, which he has found in the progress of his
work.—Starex Advertiser.

rston concludes by saying, that a mes-
m despatched to Admiral Stopford, in-
im to inform the Viceroy of the ultimatum
nce, and to assure Mehemet Ali, if he
in making his submission, the great
ippon his dlcheance at the Porte, and
nstant measures will be taken to dispossess him

ructin

We furtt

Tench mir

the cor

derstand, that when this note was de-
iizot, a conversation ensued between
;ter and Lord Granville: The former
lalic of Acre would be cedcd as well
irily to Mehemet Ali, in case of his

e submissiOn ; to which his lordship answered,
rence was determined, in any case, to take
and that now he should not he left any

Acre from hir

We also understand that means have been taken to
an insurrection in Egypt against the Viceroy,
ews of his being deposed, and possibly
daily expected in London.

snd that the n
strangled

To- the above revelations we have to add, that hitherto
Lord Palmerston has been in the practice of sending
the diplomatic (not service, of course) despatches for
Admiral Stopford to Vienna, for the purpose of sub-
mitting them to the inspection and approbation of
Prince Nletternich, and that the prince has more than
once stopped the despatches in transitu, and referred
them to the writer, Prince Metternich being of opinion
that as Mehemet Ali did not submit at once to the
orders of the Porte and the conference, the treaty of
July should be rigorously enforced, and therefore he
thought it useless to offer terms, or to treat with the
Viceroy, and consequently declined to participate in the
war of words which Lord Palmerston invented. To
avoid the stoppage at Vienna, and suspension of his
final orders, Lord Palmerston has sent the despatch
above alluded to in the communication to Lord Gran-
ville by another channel directly to Admiral Stopford.

In addition to these communications we are enabled
to annex the following statement, in corroboration of
the above, together with more precise details, from an

esteemed correspondent :
"'We learn that, in order to carry out the decision
lately taken by the conference in London, according

to which the four powers would recommend to the
Sultan to reinstate Mehemet Ali in the pachalic of
Egypt, if he should speedily submit, send back the
fleet, and evacuate Syria, Adana, Candia, and Arabia,
the Admiralty have sent orders to Admiral Sir Robert
Stopford to send an officer to Alexandria in order to
the following communication :
l'he officer, on his arrival in Alexandria, will de-
an interview of Mehemet Ali, in the presence of
ps Bey, in order to deliver a communication from

_ ...... ---
the English Government. He will then inform the
Pacha that if he make immediate submission to the
iultan, an:l put in the officer's hands a written en-
qgeinent to deliver (give over) the fleet, and withdraw
troops from Syria, Adana, Candia, Arabia, and
Holy Cities, the four powers will recommend the
'.an to reinstate Mehemet Ali in the pachalic of
)t. The officer will stay three days at Alexandria
le decision of the Pacha, and convey it to
,ogle. If, at the end of the three days, Me-
has not determined to make his submission
n, the officer will proceed to Constantinople,
s report. The officer is ordered to insist

learn t

hat the written engagement of Mehemet Ali be open,
i order to ascertain its contents, and if it does not
ontain the engagement he will not convey it to Con-
tantinople, but deliver it at once to Admiral Stopford.'"

0a.,•-.—The following is an extract from Ingden's
conicon, published in the year 1527, and before the
nation, proof presumptive that the story of Pope Joan
aot fabulous. The work is scarce, hut there is a copy in
ie College Library, marked pp. 3, 37 :—" After Pope Leo,
Johan Englyshe was Pope two years and fyve monethes. It
-•,;(1 yt Johan Englyshe she was a woman, and was in yonge
—ith her lemman in manne's clothynge to Athens,
la learned there dyverse scyences, so that thereafter she
me too Rome and had the grete men to scoleres, and tedde
r three yere, than she was chosen by favour of al men.
1. her lemman broughte her with chylde. But for she
r not her tyme when she sholde have chylde, as she
from Saynte Peter's to the chyrche of Saynte Johan
in, she began to travayle of chylde, and had a chylde
ne Colosen and Saynte Clementes Trevisa. Colosen
nlace of the ymages of the provynces, and londes as
• - first book, cap. 24. Thenne it foloweth in
was buried there, and for the Pope turned
waye, men suppose yt is for hate of that
rhis Pope is not reckned in ye books of
i woman, and ought not to be Pope.
_bounce, at Aimagn upon the Ryn."
work is, as we have already remarked, suf-
..e the story of Pope Joan above .
suspicion. No
influence interest could then have had an prac-
s upon the world.—Dublin Statesman.
.REOW ESCAPE OF WORDSWORTH, THE POET.—On
nesday afternoon last, between two and three o'clock, as
Wordsworth, Esq., the celebrated poet, in company
his son, the Rev. John Wordsworth, rector of Brigham,
on their me to Rydal Mount, from a visit to the
f L'Ons( at Whitehaven Castle, they had a narrow
from destruction. The venerable and highly esteemed
nd his worthy son, were riding in a one-horse gig, and
ast reached Ruffa-bridge, about three miles from Kes-
~ on the Ambleside road, when they observed the mail
ch coming upon them at a raffling pace. Owing to the
, turn in tle road at the top of the ascent which leads.
`he bridge, the mail could not be seen until within
hty yards of that dangerous place, but in the
otice they had of its approach, the rev. gen-
in drawing his horse close up to the side of
.ch is only narrow, but, nevertheless, wide
fie coach to have passed in safety, under or-
aistances. It unfortunately happened, however,
-side wheeler refused to obey the rein. Owing to
,:tance the coach came with great violence against
sent against the adjoining wall with such
both the horse and the gig and the two riders were
inrown, with part of the wall, into the adjoining plantation.
The escape of Mr. Wordsworth and his son was truly pro-
vidential. They were both found. entirely unhurt, the only
visible injury received by either from this dangerous collision
finger
was a slight scratch on the of the poet. We do not
leafn that the slightest blame could be attributed to the
driver of the coach, who did his utmost to bring the unma-
nageable animal under his control to the near side of the
road.—Cumberland Pacquet.

the laddt

y, that

of the

way ho
laic

I or Lens

venty or ei

that ti

this circu

Carbonate of lime 28.5
9, magnesia
79 baryta
, strontia 51.8
The carbonic acid which exists in the atmosphere is composed
of,—carbon, 6.12 ; oxygen, 16.
The greatest source of carbonaceous matter will be found
among the coal formations and pluinbago. According to
Thompson, the different kinds of coal contain only a very
slight proportion of oxygen, from about 5 to 13 per cent.
Plumbago is nearly pure carbon, with a slight trace of iron—
about 4 or 5 per cent. of iron.
There are several other sources from whence carbon and
its acid may be obtained ; but these statements are amply
sufficient to point out the great preponderance of oxygen
over carbonic acid. _ _ .

It has been supposed that from the numerous animals
continually abstracting hydrogen from the atmosphere, as
well as the human race, and the combustion which is con-
tinually going on in our manufactories and domiciles, that a
period might arrive when our atmosphere would become so
contaminated that it would no longer be capable of supporting
animal existence.

Before entering on this interesting subject, let us first
consider this simple fact, viz., that the weight and constituent
parts of our globe are the same now as they have always been :
all may be changed, but nothing new added. By combustion
either of carbon, sulphur, or any other substance, the ele-
ments remain the same, and of the same weight, as before
combustion. The same remarks are applicable to the re-
spiratory functions. Every animal during respiration renders
incapable for supporting life a quantity of atmospheric air.
We have now before us some of the leading circumstances
connected with the vitiation of the air.

Let us now apply this subject; and, in the first place, I
shall endeavour to prove that this vitiation, instead of being
injurious, is absolutely requisite for the maintenance of the
various living beings, both animal and vegetable, on the face
of our globe.
I admit that apparently this vitiation proves injurious to
animal existence ' • but when we search more fully into this
subject, we shall find that it is apparent not real.
In our closets we have often an opportunity of indulging
in the calculation of the damage done by our increasing po-
pulation, and drawing conclusions from thence, without duly
weighing what is also going on around us in the country ;
and we often also conclude respecting the density of our
own population, and the sources of renovation peculiar to
our own climate, without duly weighing that in all our calcu-
lation we must include the whole atmosphere and not a part.
As long as the various laws exist of diffusion—the currents
of air, rain, wind, and other disturbing causes—it is obvious
that if one portion of this mighty mass become permanently
deteriorated, so must all the rest, or what is the same thing,
every portion of it must from these laws be equable in com-
mixture. .

But if this holds good respecting deterioration, so will it
as respects renovation ; therefore it may be possible that the
one may counteract the other, and, as 1 set out with the re-
mark, these local variations may be of inestimable value
to other regions of the globe.
That local deterioration does take place in some instances,
which are not compensated for in time to renovate the injury
done, is true ; such used to be the fenny marshes of Lin-
colnshire, and such is the case in numerous other instances ;
but these •blemishes are of so trivial a nature compared with
the whole surface of the globe as not to merit attention.,

In all calculations we ought to look at the results, and not
upon the minute changes which are going on. For instance,
the germination of seeds is only a trivial portion connected
with the great change of germination to maturity. In ger-
mination carbonic acid is generated—the same in fermenta-
tion ; but the compensation derived from vegetation soon
achieves what had been deteriorated.

It is now an admitted fact that healthy vegetables give out
oxygen during sunshine and carbonic acid during night.
The counterbalancing effect of the quantity of oxygen dur-
ing the day has been called in question by several very intel-
ligent physiologists, and maintained with equal ardour by
others.

This question has been mooted by both sides, and the ap-
peal to facts has been equally vigorous—the one side asserting
that the animal kingdom always deteriorate, and deny that
the vegetables ameliorate the constitution of the atmosphere ;
the others admit the vitiation from the animal kingdom, but
at the same time uphold the doctrine that the vegetables
renew what had thus been deteriorated. But neither of these
antagonists have taken the field, I think, with correct data ;
they appeal to partial operations going on, instead of consi-
dering the results.
It is not at this time or that time vegetables are doing so
and so, and at other times the reverse, but we ought to look
at the results which present themselves ; and I think if they
would do so a termination would soon b made of this long-
contested point. Though an acorn may deteriorate the air,
as I said before, during its germination, what is this com-
pared with the results of matured growth ?
The composition upon most excellent authority is this—
Oak. Beech.
_

Carbon ..
Oxygen ..
Hydrogen

52.53
41,78
5.69

51.45
42.73
5.82

A person not conversant with chemistry would at once say;
why it is evident here is an immense consumption of oxygen,
and consequently a great deterioration of the atmosphere.
I started with the information that water contains 8 lbs. in
9 of oxygen gas, and that 7-10ths of the surfaCe of the globe
was composed of water—here, then, we have a sufficient sup-
ply for all our wants—for the water of the ocean is computed
to extend as far beneath its surface as the highest hills do
above its surface.

In the calculation above we have.... Oxygen 41.78
Hydrogen 5.69 47.47
Now water is composed of 8 oxygenic 5 proportion 40.0
1 hydrogen rC 5 .. 5. =45.00

2.47
leaving only 2.47 excess of what water presents by chemical
decomposition in the usual way, leaving a stock of deoxi-
dised carbon of more than 50 per cent.
Now as vegetables, by experiment, cannot absorb pure
carbon, but must receive it into their systems in the form of
carbonic acid, consequently, according to the data esta-
blished above, the whole quantity of carbon must have parted
with its oxygen to the atmosphere.
The equivalent number of carbon is 6.12, and of carbonic
acid 6.12 and 16 oxygen=22.l2, so that it may be readily com-
puted how much oxygen the oak and beech give off to the at-
mosphere.
Considering these results, and the innumerable quantity of
vegetables performing similar offices, it will be readily ad-
mitted that, instead of animal deterioration being injurious,
it will be found absolutely requisite for the maintenance of
vegetable existence, for as I stated before, we must take into
consideration the whole surface of the globe, and not an
isolated portion ; to do otherwise would be to confine nature
in the laboratory of the chemist.
We must next consider the manner or function by which
oxygen is given off during the day and absorbed during the
night, forming carbonic acid, and thus, as stated by many,
renovating during sunshine, but deteriorating; during dark-
ness.

Whether we consider the carbonic acid as entering by ab-
sorption through the leaves or by the roots it is obvious, it
would require to he circulated and vitalized prior to its adap-
tation to the necessities of the plant. That light has an im-
portant interference in this matter, no one seems to doubt;
neither is it disputed, that oxygen is given off by plants
during sunshine. But it does not follow that all the carbon
of the carbonic acid thus liberated should immediately be ap-
propriated to the exigencies of the vegetable structure, it is
more consonant with vital phenomena that it should still
continue to circulate with the appropriate juices of the vege-
table, and be rendered tahnedrebcyomcabpianbinlegowf
itahppirtospnrieacteiossnarays
ulum. Now if we adroit this to be
q theua n
ue gine t
oa
fb l e
aqueous r equ i rpeat
the case, it is obvious that the decomposition of the
carbonic acid being suspended from the withdrawal
of sunshine or light, that an opposite effect would be pro-
duced, and that it would not be improbable that the super-
fluous carbon thus eliminated, but not appropriated, should,
when the stimulus is removed again, absorb oxygen, and thus
be thrown off during the night. Nay, it is admitted, that if

A. D.
1066. William I.
1100. Henry 1.
Matilda, Empress of Germany.
1154. Henry 11.
1190. John.
1216. Henry 111.
1272. Edward I.
1307. Edward 11.
1327. Edward 111.
Lionel, Duke of Clarence.
Philippa, Countess of March.
Roger' Earl of March.
Ann, Countess of Cambridge.
Richard, Duke of York.
1461. Edward IV.
Elizabeth, Queen of Henry VII.
Margaret, Queen of James IV. of Scotland.
James V. of Scotland.
Mary, Queen of Scots.
1603. James I.
Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia.
Sophia, Electress of Hanover.
1714. George I.
1727. George 11.
Frederick, Prince of Wales.
1760. George 111.
Edward, Duke of Kent.
1837. VICTORIA.
1840. The Princess Royal, born November 21.
MEM. The Queen being 27th in regular descent from the
Conqueror, and at the same time 36th Sovereign in succes-
sion from the conquest, gives nearly 29 years to a reign, in
respect to the 774 years which have elapsed since that period.
The commonly received average is 30 years to a generation
and 20 years to a reign ; according to .which it appears that
the cares or luxuries, or both, of a crown, occasion a sacri-
fice to the wearer of it of one year of life, as compared with
ordinary mortals.