The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-11-16 00:00:00

istritt RPLUO►

A fire broke out in Mr--ie.—.
Gidlow's cotton mill at Ince,
near Wigan, last week, when a great quantity of cotton
was destroyed, and the machinery and other property was
much injured.

The South Cheshire Agricultural Society have agreed
to include within its operations the whole county. The
annual meeting for 1848 will be held at Nantwich, and the
annual ploughing matches of the society will take place
in the neighbourhood of Chester, on February 15th.
At Ashton-under-Lyne the turn-out still continues. At
Mossley the operatives have submitted to a reduction of
wages, and are waiting to resume labour. At Oldham,
Rochdale, Blackburn, and Preston, the most distressing
suffering prevails, which is fast telling upon the inhabi-
tants by a large increase of poor's rates.
CHESHIRE YEOMANRY CAVALRY.—Wilbraham Eger-
ton, Esq. has retired from the command of this efficient
regiment, and is to be succeeded by Lord de Tabley. Sir
P. de M. Grey Egerton, Bart, M.P., is to be Lieutenant-
Colonel, vice Lord de Tabley ' • and Earl Grosvenor, M.P.
is to succeed Sir Philip as Captain of the Forest Troop.
TRIBUTE OF RESPECT TO U. SANDERS, ESQ.—A din-
ner was given to G. Sanders, Esq., M.P. for Wakefield,
at the Albion Hotel, on Saturday, in Manchester, by the
ilite of the corn trade from Liverpool and Manchester, in
honour of his return to Parliament. The chair was taken
and ably filled by T. Walmesley, Esq., of Hazlegrove
Hall, Cheshire. James Tonge, Esq., acting as vice.
THE POOR IN PRESTON.—Last week we noticed that
the increase on the previous weeks for the two Preston
districts amounted to 200, Such has been the increase
again this week, that the number of cases for the two
Preston districts alone now amount in round numbers to
2,000 ; and averaging each case to represent five persons,
we have ten thousand persons, out of an estimated popu-
lation of 62,000, receiving out-door relief, besides those
in the workhouse. These will be fully one-sixth of the
population, and the number rapidly increasing every week,

SYMPTOM OF IMPROVEMENT.-Mr. Cooper has this
week commenced working two. of his mills, and Mr.
Threlfall's mill, which has been closed for some time has
begun to be worked three days at week.—Preston Chron-
icle.

In Manchester three mils have been added to the num-
ber working full time, being only partially employed be-
fore, and 800 persons have been brought into full employ,
of whom 600 have been taken from those altogether un-
employed. The number out of work last week was 11,616;
this week it is 10,954.

JONES; LLOYD, AND Co's. BANK.—The 'Manchester
Guardian of Wednesday contains the following paragraph
with reference to certain statements which have appeared
in the London journals, to the effect that Messrs. Jones,
Lloyd, and Co., the bankers, of Manchester, contem-
plated a change in the mode of conducting their business:
—"The firm of Jones, Lloyd, and Co. as is well known
to most of our readers, have been in the habit of making
uncovered permanent advances to a considerable extent,
to those of their customers in whose solvency and prudence
they had full confidence; and we speak within compass
when we say that no other English bankers have either
afforded an equal amount of assistance, or displayed the
same combination of enterprise and discrimination, in the
support which they have given to trade and commerce.
Recent circumstances, however, have induced a wish on
the part of the firm to diminish their outstanding balances,
and notices have been given to all or most of the parties
having overdrawn accounts, to repay the advances they
have received, with an intimation, however, that ample
time will be afforded to them for this purpose, so as to
avoid, as much as possible, inflicting loss or inconvenience
upon them. Various statements have been made as to
the future mode of managing the bank—namely, that it
would become a mere bank of discount; that no advances
would be made; and that the business would be carried
on on the same principles as that of the banking firms of
the metropolis, with other statements of a similar kind,
all of which, we apprehend are incorrect. We believe
that there is no intention on the part of Messrs. Jones,
Lloyd, and Co. either to confine their business to the dis-
counting of bills, or to refuse making advances to their
customers. Probably thay may decline to accept or retain
accounts, on the condition, express, or implied, that cer-
tain specified advances shall be made or continued, and
that, in each case parties requiring assistance would find
it necessary to make special application for it."
EDUCATIONAL MNEMONICS.—A practical lecture was
delivered in the school room at Irlams-'oth-Height, be-
longing to the Wesleyan Association, on the evening of
Monday, by Mr. William Hill, of Pendleton, the inventor
of a system of educational mnemonics applicable to chil-
dren of the tenderest age. The chair was taken by Mr.
Harrison of the Salford town council. There were pre-
sent several teachers from the Swinton Schools, the Wes-
leyan Methodist Schools, Lady Potter's Industrial School,
Sir Benjamin Heywood's School, and others, besides a
considerable body of residents in the neighbourhood. In
his lecture, Mr. Hill laid down the principle that memory
was influenced by attention, association of ideas, habit,
sound, order or classification, and mechanical science.
Conformably to this, he contended that words and
their meanings might readily be learned by children,
the sound being acquired by repetition, and the meaning
by association. This, indeed, was the substance of the
lecture, which was merely elementary; but, in passing,
Mr. Hill stated that by mastering the lessons given in his
" Educational Monitor," any series of numbers, or geo-
graphical and historical facts, and all the words of any
foreign language, might be indelibly fixed upon the me-
mory. As to numbers, the power of recollecting them
was proposed to be commenced by means of words, but
not, as most preceding systems, by words composed of
letters arbitrarily or accidentally combined according to the
progression in the figures, but by well-known English nouns.
The same power was applicable to nouns in the French and
German languages. The system, to this extent, is therefore
novel, and may be useful. A class of girls from four to
nine years of age, who had been under the tuition of Mrs.
Smith, a teacher at Irlam's-o'th'-Height, for a short
time, according to Mr. Hill's method, were examined
after the lecture, and their progress appeared to be emi-
nently satisfactory. They appeared to be perfect in or-
thography, and their range of geography and history ex-
tended to all the facts mentioned in Mr. Hill's publica-
tion, probably amounting to nearly two thousand. After
this several lads came forward out of the meeting, and
after a few minutes' instruction by Mr. Hill, they were
able to remember a considerable series of words and num-
bers. With this illustration the lecture terminated ; and
afterwards a vote of thanks was given to Mr. Hill for his
gratuitous services. A copy of the little work which Mr.
Hill bas published explanatory of his system, has been
presented by him to Lord John Russell, and it has been
referred by the noble lord to the committee of council on
education.

THE MANCHESTER PROTESTANT OPERATIVE Asso-
CIATION. The ninth annual meeting of this Asso-
ciation was held in the Corn Exchange, Hanging Ditch,
on Thursday evening. The chair was taken at half-
past six o'clock, by the Rev. Hugh Stowell, M.A.,
honorary canon of Chester, patron. Amongst other gen-
tlemen present were : the Rev. R. Blaknev, M.A., of
Nottingham; the Rev. H. W. M'Grath, A.M, rector of
St. Ann's; the Rev. James Bardsley, 8.A., of Burnley;
the Rev. W. Huntington, M.A., rector of St. John's ;
the Rev. W. R. B. Arthy, St. James's, Manchester; and
other clergymen. The Rev. Chairman opened the pro-
ceedings by noticing the recent growth of Popery, and re-
joicing that the country contained so goodly a band to
withstand it. He alluded to the present condition of
Italy as a significant sign of the times. There was more
in the present changes there taking place than was ge-
nerally supposed. The Pope was clearly a man of no or-
dinary calibre. He had the art of jesuitism in no ordinary
degree; and knew how to conceal the purposes of his
heart. He knew when to speak like a lion, and when to
bleat like a lamb ; and, therefore, was a dangerous man.
He was not an old, superannuated, doting cardinal, but a
man of action, and knew how to act the master when it
suited his purpose. He was not, therefore, the man to be
made tho puppet of the Propaganda—:o be a toy, the
strings of which were to be acted upon by others, and
pulled like those of dancing dolls. He had taught the
cardinals that he was not the man to be governed, but to
govern. Never was there a greater master-stroke of policy
than that displayed by him in enlisting the sympaties of
the liberalism of England on the one hand, and the libe-
ralism of France on the other, upon his side, while look-
ing at what was to become of the liberties of Italy. i' ever
was there a greater master-stroke than the course by
which he had won the love of liberalism throughout Eu-
rope. Him, the prince of despots, the advocate of liberty !
But they were caught with the bleating of the lamb, and
they forgot that it was the voice of the lion. Look at the
effect of that master-stroke : it had saved the church of
Rome when it was tottering to its fall. He had gained
the affection of the Italians, and the support of liberalism
throughout Europe, who looked upon him as rescuing
Italy from the despotism of Austria ; but he (Mr. Stowell)
suspected that the by-play with Austria was all a farce to
deceive the English liberals ; that it was a game of fast and
loose intended to answer a design. He concluded with
an earnest appeal to the Protestants of this country to use
their best exertions in behalf of their faith.—Several rev.
gentlemen addressed the meeting to a similar effect, and a
resolution strongly deprecating the " special endeavours
of Rome to beguile, seduce, and entrap the young, the
ignorant, and the unwary," was adopted.

SAD EVIDENCE OF DISTRESS AMONGST THE
OPERATIVE CLASSES.

One of the most striking proofs of the desperate con-
dition to which the industrious classes in the manufactur-
ing districts are now reduced, and of the little hope which
they entertain of an early improvement, is to be found in
the fact that they are abandoning all efforts to secure
themselves from ultimate pauperism. Hitherto, the
manufacturing operative especially has been remarked for
H the pride which he has entertained in the prospect of a
decent burial at the close of his life and toil. To secure
h t is, every little manufacturing village, and almost every
branch of trade has had its sick and burial clubs, the
but
tmheirs tpoenprovidetaw.wgoalinelsntceinacapacity to work,y and the
el avt,et,neircnl totothhefi undrgins
hti
district
crittoohufel
Ad mspheatariatnswsituto such
ins surviving isvie,ansgonreloaftivterisaolf;
giving him a decent funeral. Furniture, bedding, and
weekis wastiie acleweaditsiereaiseefdtfhoer
this sacred object.
Man-
chester Courier, that,
ftahcetovryariwousorkeelursb,stthoawt thhicohsee:sh).
sick and other societies, have met;o who
divtdaeret members of
to enable them to
the funds of
subsist. We have •heard that £7OO has been distributed
to the members of one of the sick and burial societies in
the town. Notwithstanding the suffering which exists,
the operatives appear to manifest the greatest patience."
learn,
theythembelo
belong,
however, from the
In the district of Oldham equal distress exists. At a
public meeting, the gentry, clergy, and other inhabitants
of the town, held on Thursday, for the purpose of taking
into consideration the state of the working population,
one of the speakers stated, that
" The total tmalosntuomf btheremofwoepreeroantilvyeswionrkitnhge
tdwisotr,ictthrweaes,
and four butr
days per week, whilst hundreds were entirely out
of work. (Hear.) Supposing that most of them only
worked three days per week, and that when in full work
they got upon an average eight shillings per week, their
present earnings would be four shillings per week. It
might be calculated that the total wages were £BOOO per
week, but it was probable that at present they only
amounted to £4OOO per week, so that in wages alone
there had been a falling off in circulation to the district of
one-half. Then in machine making, there had been, only
a short time ago, 2000 men employed here, but at present
not more than a fourth of them were working, and those
were not employed full time. When in full work, their
wages might have averaged £1 per week—now it was
likely they were not getting more than ten shillings per
week. (Hear.) Then there were the miners and hatters
also in great distress. (Hear.) Altogether it was probable
that the decrease in the circulation of money in one week
alone, in this borough, amounted to £6OOO or £7OOO.
(Hear.) The present extent of destitution was awful in
the greatest degree ; there were instances of families
having to make meals of half pounds and pounds of
Indian corn. (Hear.) He could well remember the dis-
astrous times of 1826 and 1842 ; but they were nothing in
suffering to the present period."
Nor is this state of things confined to the cotton mane,
facturing districts. From a Birmingham paper we
extract the following :
" We are sorry to say the mechanics and labourers here-
tofore well employed by railway companies are being
daily discharged. On Saturday last a considerable num-
de,mapnldoymedantyn
maorlearwglie cafrorlliaogwe
on.
nansuaftacurtdoaryy
and neighbourhood, and we shall have an enormous num-
these thousands of ' navvies ' in this town
wb
nexteerr e df i sAlle
dah nad rdg
toe s

ber of unemployed persons immediately thrown upon the
rates and the roads."

What is to become of all these poor people in the
winter season which is approaching it is not easy to say.
We look to the wisdom of Parliament to enlighten us
upon the subject. That the rate-payers of our large
towns, burthened as they already are with the immigrant
pauperism of Irelatd, and suffering from the unexampled
depression of trade, can afford to bear this new burthen is
as little probable as it is that the poor will submit to
starve much longer in peace.

TOTAL LOSS OF THE AMERICAN PACKET-
SHIP, STEPHEN WHITNEY.

NINETY-FIVE LIVES LOST.

(From the Cork Southern Reporter.)

SOUTHERN REPORTER OFFICE, SATURDAY MORNING.
—We have just received, from our correspondent at Skib-
bereen, the following brief but melancholy announce-
ment:—

" I have only just• a few moments, as the mail is pass-
ing through, to state to you the lamentable fact of the
total loss of an American packet-ship, on Wednesday
night, on the Calves Island, outside of Skull. Ninety
lives have been lost, amongst whom were twenty ladies.
" Portions of the cargo have been washed on shore.
" I cannot give you further particulars at present."
For the following particulars, we are indebted to a re-
spectable merchant of this city, who received a letter from
his correspondent, from which' we take the following ex-
tract

" SKIDBEREEN, FRIDAY EVENING. - The splendid
packet ship, Stephen Whitney, has been wrecked on this
coast, near Cape Clear, and, melancholy to relate, ninety-
five lives have been lost. She was laden with cotton and
cheese, and had a great number of passengers, all of the
better class.

From a letter received from another gentleman in this
town, we make the following extract:—
" SRIBEREEN. FRIDAY EVENING.-1 am sorry to in-
form you that on the night before last a dreadful ship-
wreck occurred outside Baltimore harbour, on the rocks
called The Calves. Ninety-one lives were lost and nine-
teen saved. Yesterday the bodies of a lady and child
were thrown ashore. The lady had three gold rings on
her fingers, and was very richly dressed. The vessel was
an American packet, from New York ; the name I don't
know yet. I am informed Mr. Cleburne's son, of this
town, was in the ship, and is one of the parties lost. It
is reported, since I began this letter, that there were three
vessels lost on the same fatal night."
We have despatched a reporter to the scene of this
disastrous calamity, who willAfurnish us with all the par-
.ticulars, and the evidence at the inquest, should it take
place previous to our next publication.
REPORTER OFFICE, THREE O'CLOCK.—The Skibbereen
coach has just arrived—but we have little additional par-
ticulars to communicate. The driver states that the vessel
is completely smashed in pieces, and the cargo, which is
said to be very valuable, is being carried off by the coun-
try people, who flocked in thousands to the scene of the
wreck. He states that the number of persons drowned
is understood to be ninety-three, and that the captainand
his wife were amongst them.