The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1840-01-14 00:00:00

STATE OF TRADE.

LEEDS.—The markets since our last have worn• a firmer
aspect than for some weeks past, but the actual amount of
business transacted has not been materially augmented. It
is satisfactory, however, to learn that several of our local es-
tablishments which had for some time been doing a merely

nominal businessTa;abegun-iOemPloy additional Bands, and
others have extended their hours of 'labour. Strong hopes
are, therefore, entertained that ere long the woollen district
will exhibit much of its wonted activity.
BRADFORD MARKET.—The attendance of buyers at our
market on Thursday, was somewhat better than of :•late, but
the amount of businesstransacted was not materially increased.
Both the yarn and wool markets were very languid, and the
prices underwent no particular change.
DEWSBURY.—Most of •the blanket markets in and near
Dewsbury are doing but little, and the number of persons out
of employment are daily on the increase. We hope to see
something in the shape of a general siibidriptiori entered into
for their relief. • Great distress prevail's, and the inhabitants
of Dewsbury are not backward in relieving distress when ap-
plied to.
WAKEFIELD WOOL MARKET, JAN. 10.—The improve-
ment in demand noticed in our last report for all kinds of both
combing and clothing wools is fully maintained ; there is,
however, hitherto, no correspondine advance in prices, and
those obtained bear no proportion to the price required by the
growers.

LEICESTER.—The demand continues very dull ; no foreign
orders have been received. The glove and fancy trade are
much depressed ; in the fancy trade an additional number
of hands have been discharged. Most of the mills are run-
ning short time ; but little is doing in wool. It is selling for
less, by the wool-staplers, than it can, at the present time,
be purchased for by the growers. The stocks of wool in the
hands of the dealers and spinners are small.—Leicester
Chronicle.

MANCHESTER COTTON TRADE, FRIDAY EVENING.-

In consequence of spinners and 'manufacturers generally
asking an advance on the rates of last week, but little busi-
ness has been done; still goods and yarns suitable for the
Indian market have gone off at a trifling improvement since
this day se'night. The advance established on printing cloth
from the lowest point may be noted at 3d to 4 d a piece, and
prices are quite firm at that improvement. It is understood
that considerable quantities of yarn have been disposed of by
parties not immediately connected with the trade; and which
has been held for some time, whilst the quantity direct from
the spinner to the shipper has for the same period been but
small. On the whole however, things are decidedly better.
THE IRON TRADE.—Compared with what it has been at
many periods, the present price of iron is by no means high ;
and this trade has suffered, like most others, from the gene-
ral pressure. on the money market. Bar iron in Wales is now
quoted as low as from £8 15s to £8 lOs per ton ; a gradual
reduction, amounting altogether to about 20s per ton, having
taken place since the spring of last year. There has not,
however, been the least reduction in the rate of workmen's
wages, which still continue higher than they have been at any
farmer period ; affording, in truth, a larger return for labour
than it has ever before acquired in any part of the world.—
Silurian.
In the market for metals the business has been much more
limited than in the preceding week, although the quotations
have been maintained. British copper is the only article
which is higher, but the advance has been very small, and is
attributed to the low state of the stocks on hand.

DANIEL O'CONNELL.

(From the Times.)

Unriddle us this, good readers, if ye can. A " distin-
guished Irish gentleman," second to none in public repute,
happens to have a trifling infirmity about him, whereby he
has become almost proverbial for the fickleness of his friend-
ships. During a long and versatile life—now unhappily on
the wane—his unrepellable zeal in making political acquaint-
anceships has been surpassed, if we may venture to say it,
only by his whimsical dexterity in breaking and betraying
them. For the last 20 years we know of no public man on
the liberal side of politics (apart, of course, from his own
immediate dependents) whom he has not obsequiously fawn-
ed upon, and in six months afterwards, computable by
Shrewsbury clock to a minute, befouled and vilified with
every conceivable epithet of abuse. Politicians of every class,
Protestants of every denomination, artisans and aristocrats,
Methodists and millowners, adversaries and associates, be-

reaved parents and helpless women—all have been subjected
in turns, to the benedictions and Billingsgate of this char•
tered libertine. The Marquis of Anglesey and Viscount
Duncannon, William Cobbett and Sharman Crawford,
Whittle Harvey and Feargus' O'Connor, Lord Brougham
and Wentworth Beaumont, Citiien Roebuck and Sheriff
Raphael, Peter Purcell and poor Miss Courtenay—alas !
where shall we end ?—ay, the whole of them, and hundreds
more, have alternately been hugged and hated, caressed and
cursed, by the " distinguished Irish gentleman."
Now, with such irrefragable proofs of his volatile turn of
mind, be good enough to tell us how it is that the political
compact which he made with the Melbourne ministry in 1836
has, to this good hour, remained unbroken ? Whenever his
liberal allies, possessing a particle of independence, have re-
fused to become his crouching slaves, he has invariably turn-
ed upon them like an infuriate boar. Thus, when Sharman
Crawford's sentiments and Sheriff Raphael's sovereigns were
found' to be equally unavailable for his righteous purposes
(" say £2OOO for wv use), the former was denounced as
an intractable tory-radical, and the latter as " the'most in-
comprehensible of all imaginable vagabonds." How happens
it, then, that this distinguished gentleman's alliance with the
whigs has, for four long years, maintained a degree of stea-
diness, so utterly at variance with the ordinary phenomena
of his life ?
That he has not withheld from them a reasonable share of
sharpish speech as often as he found them either slow or
surly in executing his behests, must, we think, be generally
admitted. 'We all recollect his ungodly virulence against'
poor Jim, whose elevation to the peerage he endeavoured to
ridicule by dubbing him with the ungenteel nickname of
Lord Mountkite—a piece of rudeness which'we, of course,
are utterly shocked at. Indeed, almost all his ' cabinet
drudges have, at one time or another, been lashed and lace-
rated by hint without mercy. But this sort of diicipline,
excruciating as its victims must have felt it to be, has never
once emboldened them to retaliate, nor even to hazard the
slightest symptoms of impatience. The fact is that the
whigs,' too weak either to resist his demands or to resent his
scurrility, have found that any other tone towards him than
a low and submissive one might lead to such a fatal rupture,
as, issuing in their ejectment from power, would forfeit to
both their respective share of the spoils ; while, on the other
hand, the distinguished Irish gentleman, knowing that the
existing ministry s continuance in office is absolutely indis-
pensable for the success of his personal and party extortions,
for aggrandising himself with a retiring pension, and for oil-
ing the wheels of the Papal car, has latterly endeavoured to
atone for his former treatment of them by proclaiming them
the best ministry that ever existed, by challenging the Queen
to change them if she dare, by hurling defiance at their poli-
tical opponents, and by coolly telling the people of England,
that if their representatives shall have the effrontery to dis-
place the whigs, they must answer for it, at their peril, to a,
victorious Irish mob.. Yes; this threatened insurrection
has been spoken of by its distinguished fomenter, as if all
the munitions and resources of rebellion were in perfect
readiness ; as if a fleet of transports were actually waiting to
convey to our .shores the countless Popish myrmidons who
are to chastise the white-livered cravens of England ; nay,
as if all the artillery of our own gallant garrisons were about
to be turned against us, and needed nothing but Sir Robert
Peel's acceptance of office " to awaken their dormant thun-
der."
But what mere sound and fury all this is ! Can any mi-
nistry be forcibly retained in power contrary to the will of
parliament and the country ? Even on the supposition that
a conservative government were already formed, could it
possibly continue in the direction of public affairs, unless
vigorously sustained. by the popular branch of the legislature?
We need hardly remind the most ignorant of the distin-
guished followers of the . distinguished Irish gentleman, that
when any Cabinet have forfeited public confidence (even,
though, by various arts, they may retain that of the Sove-
reign), their expulsion by, parliament is a highly loyal duty,
as being needful to counteract the deceptions and evil coun-
sels they may have palmed upon the Crown ; and therefore,
if the British people shall, either by their representatives in
the present parliament,, or by an adequate majority in the
succeeding one, give a solemn vote, indicating to her Majesty
an absolute necessity for a change of ministry,—does the dis-
tinguished Irish gentleman mean us to understand that the
will of this great nation is to be violently set aside by a bat-
talion of militant monks and the well-drilled squadrons of
Tipperary ? Alas, what would become of the extinguished
Irish gentleman !
No matter for that : . the echoes of Dublin must, in the
meantime, ring to his trumpet blast, and those of St. James's
must be taught to reverberate in loud and harmonious re-
sponse. We are to have no change of ministry. Parliament
is roundly prohibited from making the mad attempt. The
whigs are to, be maintained in office at the point of the
bayonet. The Papists of Ireland have voted an address to
her Majesty, to remind the Queen, not merely that her
Popish subjects are the only loyal adherents to her " ancient
(Romish) throne," but that if her Majesty, solemnly pledg-
ing herself henceforth to be the Sovereign of a party, and not
of her people, shall put a final interdict upon the accession of
a Conservative ministry, no
.sooner shall her faithful Com-
mons dare to assert their constitutional rights in regard to
such an interdict, than 160,00GPopish swords shall leap from
their' scabbards to commence that exterminating war against
the liberties of England, which shall never pause until her
streets are flooded, and her furrows fattened, with the blood
of her Protestant. people.
Of the importance attached to these warlike menaces we
have more than once .given our opinion ; yet we cannot re-
frain from wondering for what reason they have been so tem-
perately abstained from until this particular moment ! Whv,
we had always understood that the very possibility of our
having a Conservative government was regarded by the dis-
tinguished Irish gentleman as a mere figment of romance.
But the very fact of his bestirring himself with so much
savage earnestness to deprecate the expulsion of the Whigs,
affords a strong presumptive proof that he himself believes,
in common with the whole country, that their days are num-
bered. Perhaps the vacant, seats for Newark, Devonport,
Falmouth, Southwark,, Birmingham, Edinburgh, and the
Tower Hamlets, which, were an amendment upon the Ad-
dress contemplated, would deprive the ministry of sevenvotes,
have filled him with unusual dismay. Let not his soul be
disquieted within him. Even if four of these seats were not
irretrievably Jost to the Whigs, nothing on earth can nowssave
them. The distinguished. Irish gentleman's troops must in-
evitably take the field ; and in that case we again inqure, with
much solicitude, what shall become of the distinguished Irish
gentleman ? .

There are now- serving (including general officers with re-
giments) 581 officers who served as officers in the Peninsula
and at Waterloo, and out of these 226 have been wounded.—
Limerick Chronicle.
PAGANINI IN a SCRAM—The Paris journals give an
account of a trial the other day, in which the modern Orpheus
figured as defendant, and was found liable in damages to the
amount of 50,000 francs. Two years ago, in conjunction
with certain other parties, he embarked in a scheme for the
establishment of a Casino, a place of public amusement, on a
novel plan, consisting of a fashionable club-house, concert-
rooms, a library., an athenreum for scientific meetings, and
lectures. A joint-stock company was formed, of 700 shares
of 1,000 francs each, and the establishment was denominated
" The Casino Paganini." His performances were reckoned
upon as a principal attraction, and he engaged to perform
nowhere else. A magnificent house and grounds were ob-
tained in the most fashionable part of Paris, and the concern
commenced operations; but, to the amazement of his asso-
ciates, Paganini (who had taken an active part in tbe arrange-
ments, and occupied apartments at the Casino) refused to
he poef persisted, t
make his appearance at the very first concert, though he had
been announced, and all the tickets had been sold at 20 francs
each. In thisconduct
eadjsoncoitalei tsh;staannddiitihgetphuebelnic-
treaties and-remonstrances
considered the whole affair a piece of humbug. The enter-
prise, consequently, was ruined ; and "•the parties, who had
lost the large sum of money invested in it, sued Paganini for
damages occasioned •by his breach of faith. His defence
seems to have been-a series of quibbles. It was proved under
his hand that he had engaged to perform nowhere but at the
Casino ; but this, he pleaded, did not constitute any engage-
ment to perform there. He also pleaded inability from ill
health : but it was proved .that his health was as good as
usual, and that he was constantly fiddling within doors, tak-
ing as much care as possible that nobody should have the
gratification of hearing him. • At-first, damages were given
against him-to the amount of 20,000 francs; but, both parties
having appealed, the result of the second trial, on the 3d
instant, was, that the sum was enlarged to fifty thousand.
The signor, we believe, is in Italy at present, but no doubt
there is property -in France from which the amount can be
made good. .

CURRENCY OF JAMAICA.

A LETTER ADDRESSED TO THE MEMBERS OF THE HONOUR-
ABLE HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY, ON TILE SUBJECT OF ASSI-
MILATING THE CURRENCY OF THE ISLAND WITH THAT
OF THE MOTHER COUNTRY. TIY A MEMBER. OF TILE
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, KINGSTON.
`GENTLEMEN,—There is a Bill ,now before your Honour-
able House, for theadoption of " the'cUrrency of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, as the currency of
this Island."—See Ist clause—and that " all money trans-
actions
whatsoever, after the commencement of this act,
shall be paid, Src. Frc., in such currency of the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, so becoming currency in
this Island,"—See clause 2d—also, that "all Island checks
and bank notes now in circulation shall be paid -as is before
provided; but, that it shalt not be laufulfor the receiver-
• general or any bank tore-issue any such bank-notes or checks
after the day this act shall continence to operate; subject to
a penalty of one hundred pounds for each so issued."—See
clause 4th. Such is a very brief abstract of this Important
bill, and I'can scarcely testrain the expression of my indig-
nant surprise, that a member of your house, should in his
place, on Tuesday last state, that " this bill had nothing
whatever to do with the Island checks! nor with the cur-
rency ! but merely that an English shilling ,should be
called a shilling ; that the pound should be twenty of these
shillings instead of twelve; that the money of account should
be sterling instead of currency." Out upon such specious
delusions, and upon a sophistry differing so widely from the
usual solidity of sound argument and perspicuity of arrange-
ment, for which the honourable member alluded to, is so re-
markable.
Gentlemen,—l ask you to go along with me patiently, while
I exhibit a few of the " mischievous" effects to all the lead-
ing interests of the country, which the passing of this bill
hastily, and in its present crude state, would lead to.
In the first place, we are called upon to pay all engagements
after a certain period in " the currency of the United King-
dom ;" now let us define what these words mean ; for I know
much misconception is abroad on this point, and under it lies
a very fatal oversight :—" Currency of the United Kingdom"
means—that which will pass. current in the United Kingdom
—say Bank of England notes, sovereigns, and British silver.
It will not do for the banks ,here, or the receiver-general
either, to attempt to issue notes purporting to be of the value
of one pound, to one hundred pounds sterling each, and call
them British currency, they would not be British currency,
they would not be taken in payment of merchandise in Great
Britain, nor pass at the receiving houSes in London for the-
payment 'of . acceptances. It is evident that " British
currency" cannot be made in Jamaica—it is equally plain
that this bill calls upon tts to discharge ALL DEBTS after
a certain date, in " the currency of the' United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland," and it is equally evident, and I
confidently appeal to every commercial man in -the comitiu-
nity, that there is not, if the whole were collected into one
mass, one fourth the sum in British currency, properly so
called, to meet the demands of this bill.
Gentlemen,—lt would amount almost to an insult on your
common sense to suppose for a moment, that as legislators
you would pass a bill containing enactments, which it is phy-
sically impossible that the community which they are in-
tended to benefit, can at present comply with.
Again—" It shall not be lawful for the Receiver-General
or any bank to re-issue any such checks or notes after the
day this act shall 'ommence to operate, penalty one hundred
pounds for each."—Now let us look forward and see how
this will likely work,—What will the banks do ? Those which
issue their own notes will go on up to that day collecting and
hoarding, so as to have as few out when the new act comes
into operation as possible ; they will likewise go on collecting
and hoarding silver to meet the payment of the new issue.
Thus I distinctly say a very large portion of the circulating
medium, (at present very inadequate in amount to the wants
of the Island,) would be, for a considerable time, withdrawn ;
and in the meantime, how is-the business of the country to
be carried on? From what source are the labourers to ob-
tain their weekly wages, for which alone £2,600,000 are re-
quired annually ? How can the produce be prepared for ship-
ment, if the planters cannot get money to pay the labourers ?
If no produce, how are the ships to get laden ? If no circu-
lating medium, how are merchants to pay their acceptances ?
How are goods to be bought, sold, or paid for ?
It has been well observed, that in a community like this,
a circulating medium is as necessary as food; the supply
must be continuous and daily, and I respectfully implore you,
gentlemen, not to pass this act hastily ; nor until you are
convinced that the community has within itself the,means of
meeting its enactments.
Again—ln all communities where banks exist, the mode in
which they do business, gives a tone to all others. Until
lately, papers based upon real transactions having six months
to run, were readily discounted; and I dare say that, at the
present moment, acceptances exceeding half a million pounds
currency are now out—unretired,—and which, if any hasty
measure of this kind had been contemplated, would never
have been given. Now it is a fact, that since the agitation of
this bill, one bank has ceased discounting altogether, another
limits its discounts to paper not having more than two
months to run; a further contraction 'is anticipated, and I
think it would be quite right and rational if discounts ceased
altogether, until the present bill assumes a definite shape.
It is a duty which the directors owe their constituents to be
prepared for the worst, and I approve highly of their con-
duct ; but what is to become of the half million of unretired
paper, if the circulating medium be called in, and further
discounts of even three or four months' acceptances 'refused ?
Gentleinen, I shudder to look at the probable consequences
to all daises ; and again I call upon you to pause and look
well before you previous to legislating, and, it necessary, to
take evidence at the bar of your house, as in the case of Sir
Robert Peel's bill in England.
'The-honoithible the mover of the bill has publicly stated,
he does not see that it can do any harni, nor does he see any
great good it can effect. Again, the honourable member
from St. Thomas in the East has said, that what it proposed
wag 'Merely that an English shilling should be called a shil-
lifigY&c.,- &c. These being the leading arguments of-
fered in-favour of the bill, I ask, is there anything in them
to induce you to press it upon the country, at a time when
the monetary system of the whole world appears to be " out
of joint" ? '
I gladly take this public opportunity of expressing the
very high esteemandregard which -I entertain for. both these
gentlemen. They have both rendered services to-this coun-
try, which will be too`iiidelibly eiigraven on the pages of its
history ever to be forgotten ; and they have their reward, not
from the pen of an.anouymous writer, but from their Fraud
retrospections, and the houestconviction of their own hearts.
But my admiration of their talents cannot, and will not,
blind' my jUdgMent on-thigictr any 'Other question.' Gentle-
men, I hope you•will consider that I have shown practical
matters of fact, and solid reasons why this bill should not
become law without at least twelve months' previous notice,
the alteration' ersome "clauses, and the addition of others ;
these I would 'add, but that I fear exhausting your 'patience.
am-a warm friend, of the -general principles of this bill,
'as I shall be of all others having for their object the nearest
possible approximation of the laws, customs, and constitu-
tion of this country with the Parent state; and let me not
mince the matter—it is by such approximation combined
(blessed be God for it !) with the mild, wise, philanthropic,
and truly patriotic conduct of our present Governor,
aided by the good understanding which now happily ex-
ists between the two other branches of 'our legislature,
that we are to look for the mainspring of the lasting
prosperity of Jamaica. Do we want to enhance the
value of property ? do so by protecting it with the same
laws which exist in Great Britain. Do we want the use of
British capital? We can have it (in preference to foreignerk)
by making it equally secure as in the mother country. Do
we want agricultural peasantry to people our mountainous
districts ? = European tradesmen ? rail and tram-roads ?
steam navigation•round the island—with Europe and Ame-
rica ?—why, you • have only to legislate in a free, liberal
character, suited to the spirit of the age, but with proper
deliberation, and all these will follow. , The whole world is
marching rapidly forward in arts, science, and civiliSation.
I would respectfully ask—is Jamaica to stand still?
I have said that I am a warm friend of, the principle, of
this bill, and I shall very concisely add other reasons, ~ The
most important immediate good arising from. it, will be the
equalisation of exchange between this and the mother
country. It is a hardship toldispose of merchandise when,
premium is eighteen or nineteen per cent., at.a credit of
three to six months, and when paid, be obliged to remit at'
twenty-four, this is a state of things which ought not: to
exist between Great Britain and'one of her richest colones,
and it will be better both for planter -and 'merchant; the
sooner it is put an end to. It is quite plain that one of the
consequences of this bill will be, that all bank notes must
be payable in specie. Now what do we want with specie,
except to pay our labourers ? - When we can get a bank bill
on better terms' than we can ship •specie, we take the bill,
and this it is which will. regulate exchange. After the first
twelve months, when the public have confidence in the sys-
tem, many will wonder at the small-quantity of specie which
the banks will require,
The second benefit arising out of the bill has already been
ably pointed out by Messrs. Delgado and Carr, (see the pub.!
fished proceedings of the meeting of the chamber of com-
merce.) It may be the fashion with some to ridicule that
which will benefit the poor, even in a small way, but in all
countries the poor are the many—and demand consequently
the peculiar care of the government. Already are our
laboureis accustomed to shillings, sixpenses, and three-
pences in silver, and time only will be required to make them
equally so with the smaller copper fractions of a shilling.
The currency with the use of which Great Britain has become
one of the first countries of the world,' cannot be a bad one
for her colonies.. In 1656, when the English took posses-
siori of this island, there was nothing but Spanish money in
it, and therefore that currency was adopted ; but what quan-
tity .of Spanish money is there here now ? not a thousandth
art of what is necessary as a circulating medium ; then why
pontinue accounts in an imaginary foreign currency in
reference to a British one, which we may call peculiarly our
wn ? I have heard it said " let well alone," or show us a
reason for the change. I respectfully submit that I have
hown reasons.
Agriculture and commerce have existed without banks,
and prospered too.' - Banks Must therefore be 'considered
secondary to, and dependent on, those two great interests ;
but when once established, the three become very closely
interwoven indeed. Injure one—the others feel it immedi-
ately, and vice versa. Now there are three great questions
about to be discussed—

THE PUBLIC DEBT,
THE BANKS—and
THE CURRENCY.
When the Irish municipal bill was sent up to the HouSe
of Lords, it was ordered that it should be laid on the table
until the Irish poor law bill was likewise sent up. The up-
per house refused to legislate on one until they had both be-
fore them. What I would beg very respectfully to suggest
to your honourable house is, that you postpone the further
discussion of the above-named three very important questions
till your next meeting, when they can be taken up, and seri-
ously deliberated upon, with all the advantages of previous
out-of-door discussion, and decided upon in a way really be-
neficial to the island
The present state of money matters in the mother Country
and the United States, renders the present time peculiarly
unfit for the agitation of the three important questions re-
ferred to. We require here,' in consequenee,'every thing to
be done to increase confidence ; nothing to disturb it ; and I
appeal to the conduct of the banks to show that even the
agitation of this bill has already, and very materially too,
disturbed confidence. This ought not to be, particularly as
no reason has been shown, by the only two members of your,
honourable house, for pressing the immediate adoptiott of
the bill upon the country.
Gentlemen, I have thrown my ideas very hastily together,
and I beg that you will place the most favourable construc-
tion upon them, and grant the time asked. If I have been
deficient in form or courtesy, I pray, you to excuse me, my
sole motive being an humble, but very ardent, desire to be-
nefit Jamaica. I have the honour to be, Gentlemen,
Your very obedient, servant,
A MEMBER OF THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.

COUNTRY GENTLEMEN IN FRANCE.—The comparative
paucity of French gentlemen residing on . their estates in
France is very hurtful to the poor. A frequent intercourse
with the common people opens our eves to their wants, and
few persons-can see misery without a corresponding feeling Of
compassion, which, if excited fora moment, is either blunted
or destroyed, amidst the cold-hearted splendour of a town
life. 'Here England stands alone; there is no country under
the sun in which the poor are so benefited by the relish of its
aristocracy for a country life, and which relish, it is to_ be
hoped, they will never lose. I can produce a.singular instance
of this boon. When Sir Peter Pole broke up his establish-
ment in Hampshire, I made it a point to see the overseer of
the poor, for the purpose of ascertaining, what-effect the ab
sence of the family at " the great house" had ..on the-,ponr
rate of the parish. I found it to be just 50 per cept.---1.
Monthly Periodical.

EAST INDIES

(From the Bengal Herald, November 10.1
_ AFFOHANISTAN.

'Letters have been received during the week from the army
en route to Bamiam, to the 4th of October, and from Cabul
to the Bth of that month. The following are the most inter-
esting extracts :

" The army expect to commence their march back on the
15th. A detaChment, consisting of a squadron of the 2d
cavalry, the 48th native infantry, and three guns of Captain
Abbott's battery, marched from Cabul, on the 12th, towards
Ghiznee. The 48th were to escort back the Dost's son.
" IRAK VALLEY, OCT. 4.—We crossed the Irak pass
yesterday,; with _less difficulty than we expected. But our
troubles, in the way of passes, are not near over yet. Our
destination is no longer Bamian, but Koolum, in Tartary.
Dr. Lord has returned to Cabul, and reports that the Dust
is gathering strength in Tartary .1- consequently a brigade ks...
ordet'ed thither, consisting of the 25th atid.37th native infan-
try and the 4th locals. Our detachment, that is, the native
troop of horse artillery, 200 of Christie's horse, and the'
Goorkah corps, wait for them at Bamian, whence we all pro-
ceed to Koolum, and there winter. We have three passes to
surmount—the Ukrobut, Dundun Shikun, and Kara Kootul
—none so high as the Irak ; but the Dunduu Shikun is said
to be very steep. Koolum is only 1500 feet above the level
of the sea, so we may expect a milder winter there than at
Bamian. The cold is even now severe in the extreme—it
freezes during the greater part of the 24 hours. This is an
inhospitable valley, narrow, with steep wall-like hills enclos-
ing it. The sun set (to us) at three o'clock yesterday after-
noon, and up to this (8 a. m.) we have seen nothing of it.
We found some snow perennial in ravines on either side of
the Irak hill, and at an elevation below 12,000 feet it is so
cold I can scarcely hold my pen. lam afraid the communi-
cation will soon be cut off by the snow.
" Thermometer at 7 a: m. 6 degrees below freezing."

" CABUL, OCT. B.—The 3d cavalry, escorting treasure, ar-
rived from Jellalabad this morning. The regiment had been
sent out for the express purpose of annoying Colonel Smyth
and the officers of the corps, by knocking up both horses and
camels, the road between this and Jellabad being worse than
it is well possible to conceive, and not a particle of forage of
any. description.
" Now that they have the means, the commander-in-chief,
heads of departments, 16th lancers, 3d light cavalry, and 4th
local horse, will move hence for Hindostanton on the l2th

instant. Sir Willoughby Cotton remains in command here,
with Captains Douglas, Paton, and Watt, the deputy-assist-
ants of the different departments.
" I am happy to.inform you that the gang which so bru-
tally murdered Colonel Herring has either been killed or-
captured.
"A wing of the 16th regiment of native infantry, from
Ghiznee, got on their track and chased them into a small fort
on a hill, which they surrounded. On their approaching the'
fort, the fellows rushed out, and came boldly down to the
attack. Major M`Laren had made such a judicious dispo-
sition of his wing as to cut off all chance of their retreating:
and met them with two of his companies, while the other two
had been sent round the hill, unobserved by the gang.. They.
stood the fire some time, when they began to think it high
time to be off, and just as they reached the hill (the flanks
being lined by a party of Skinner's horse) they were met by
the two other Companies 'of the 16th. So great was their
surprise that they instantly laid down their arms and gave
themselves up. Every man, woman, and child was taken.
Several of our sepoys were wounded, and the adjutant Of the
16th, H. Balderston, wounded. Major M`Laren has had a
highly complimentary order issued on the occasion. A wing
of the 35th native infantry, under Captain Cowley, marched
this morning for Ghiznee. They are to remain there till
Major M`Laren and his wing returns, and then come back
here with the captured Ghillies, who are all to be put to death,
at least such is the report. Major M`Laren is still hunting
parties of Ghilgies, and reducing their strongholds.
" This morning we had a hard frost. There was ice in all
the water vessels half an inch thick. The thermometers in
my tent, after sunrise, stood at 33 degrees. We are all busy
making up skates."

ATTACK ON ADEN BY THE ARABS.
(From the Bombay Courier of Nov. 22.)
From private correspondence we are enabled to lay before
our readers the following particulars of an attack on our
lately-acquired possessions of Aden' by the ex-Sultan, the
chief the Abdallas, assisted by the Foudlee and numerous
other Arab tribes, which, from its daring character, the num-
bers which composed it, and the wild bravery displayed,
clearly proves, that however easy the capture of the place
may have been, and however strong its natural defences, it
it is not probable we shall find it a bed of roses.
It appears that information had been received some time
previously, by Captain Haines, the political resident at
Aden, of an intended attack, who made every arrangement
accordingly, in conjunction with the military authority of the
place; and, notwithstanding the matter was looked upon by
many as an idle threat on the part of the Arabs, every pre-.
caution seems to'have been taken to repel them.
The fortifications and defences of Aden are too well known
by this time to require a description here, but for the benefit
of those who may be unacquainted with the localities, even
on paper, we may as well remark, that the neck of land, or
rather sand, which connects the peninsula of Aden with the
main land, is insersected by a wall about 1400 yards in length,
both extremities of which touch the sea at high water ; at
either end of this wall there is a semicircular projecting
fieldwork mounting two guns, while three other guns are
placed along the wall, in as many redoubts, at regular inter-
vals of 300 yards.
So frequent had been the threat of an attack, that it
ceased to be a subject of much consideration, much less of
alarm, and the evening of the 10th found the party at the
Turkish wall, totally ignorant of any unusual movement.
Early in the morning a report was made that some eight or
ten men were seen prowling about near the advanced sentries,
but who, on being challenged, dispersed. Soon after more
were seen creeping round the left fieldwork; it being nearly
low.water • about four a.m. of the 11th the sentry fired, and
the Arabs, finding themselves discovered, raised a tremendous
shout, and rushed on in three columns of about 2,000 men
each—one column upon each fieldwork, and one on the cen-,
tre—but were quickly checked by a well-directed fire of
grape and musketry-from-the works, while Lieutenant Ha-
milton,.of the Indian, navy, in the launch of the Honourable
Company's brig of war, Euphrates, discharged repeated vol-
lies of grape from the boat's 12-pounder across-their columns
with admirable judgment and precision. The cootie column
alone reached the wall, within which about 250 of them found
their wayehen thei'emainder were Obliged to retreat ; those
who got in were joined 4y, about 150 others, who had crawled
along and succeeded, in passing unobserved round the left'
fieldwork. Finding their retreat cut off; after. losing setae,
men in attempting it, they made a rush at-the heights 'com-
manding the wall, but on receiving two shots, and losing one
of their number, they retreated, and tried another part of the
.hills, where Mr. Nott, a midshipman of the Indian navy,
was placed with a party of seamen and a gun, on receiving .
the first shot 'from which they fled in great confusion, and
made a desperate rush to pass outside the left 'fieldwork,.
where Mr. Cameron, of the European regiment, .was placed.
Here the slaughter was dreadful, about thirty of their number
being mowed down on the spot. • Some made good their
retreat, and a few fled away into the hills, where they were
either taken or shot the next day.
In the meantime the firing from the artillery was kept up
from the front, and by Lieutenant Hamilton on the flank, till
Only about five rounds of grapeshot remained at the wall,
when an order was given to cease firing, the enemy being at
a considerable distance. On this the Arabs, taking it for
granted that all the ammunition of the 'defenders was ex-
pended, rushed, with a loud yell, in five columns again to
the wall, within a short distance of which they were once
more fatally checked by the destructive fire of grape and
musketry in front of the flank.
Daylight had just broken on the scene, and showed the
Arabs in full retreat, in a dense mass, extending from side
to side of Alm broad part' of the isthmus, their numerous
camels loaded with dead—those very camels, some of which
carried small guns, and all of which were intended to be laden
witliThe plunder of the English, of whose wealth they had
formed mpst extravagant notions. The ex-Sultan had per-
suaded them that " all the buttons worn by the English were
of solid gold, and that preciOns stones and valuables of -all
kind awaited their expected victory." It appears they were
• led to expect but.a very feeble resistance.
;. • Otte communication says—" We took 28 prisoners, and
buried 32 of their dead ; and from the wall they were ob-
served to load a great number of camels with dead and
wounded. The`garrison had but one man wounded."