The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-10-18 00:00:00

THE STATUE OP SIR ROBERT PEEL, during its trans-
portation to Manchester, had an arm broken off.
THE QUEEN has approved of Mr. Charles Stiiss as
consul at Liverpool for his Royal Highness the Grand
Duke of Hesse.

THE NIAGARA, British and North American Royal
Mail steam-ship, Captain Leitch, took her departure
hence for Boston, on Saturday, with 163 passengers and
a full cargo on board, besides the usual mails.
LANCASHIRE.—The following commissions have been
signed by the Lord Lieutenant e--W. A. Halton, Esq. ;
the Right Hon. M. T. Baines, M.P. ; R. N. Philips, Esq.,
to be Deputy Lieutenants.
BURGLARY.—On Sunday morning, between one and
two o'clock, the shop of Mr. Mason, Whitechapel, was
entered by means of skeleton keys, and 20 lbs. of tea and
20s. in silver were stolen.
Ixcome Tax AND LIFE ASSURANCE.—It is not gene-
rally known that, by the new Income Tax Act, parties
who insure their lives are allowed to deduct the amount
of the premium they pay from the amount of income they
return.
LIVERPOOL CUSTOMS.—In consequence of the new
system of bonding goods, the Lords of the Treasury
have allowed five extra clerks to the warehouse depart-
ment in Liverpool. The plan will be tried three months,
and, if found to answer, it will be continued permanently.
A SECOND CONCERT will be given at the New Music
Hall, Bold-street, (of which Mr. H. E. Hime is the
lessee,) on the 26th instant, when Miss Birch, Miss E.
Birch, Mr. Francis, Mr. E. Land, and Arthur Napoleon,
the youthful Portuguese pianist, will appear.
AN IMPOSTER, representing herself as the ill-used
daughter of Mr. Hadley, clerk of St. Mark's Church,
Liverpool, has been obtaining money from charitable
persons at St. Helens, to whom she narrated a fabricated
deplorable story about having been turned out of doors.
RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—On Saturday, night, a man
named Owen Owens, in the employ of the London and
Northwestern Railway Company, was very seriously in-
jured by a train in the tunnel, near Edge-hill. His arm
was cut off, and his head severely bruised. Owens was in
a state of inebriety at the time.
WARRINiGTON AND STOCKPORT RAILWAY.—The por-
tion of this company's line from Warring,ton to Altrin-
cham is expected to be ready for public traffic on the lst
of November. The length of the line is rather more
than ten miles, and it passes through a fertile and popu-
lous country. It has been constructed for about £lB,OOO.
per mile, being considered a very moderate cost for the
district, and the line is expected to have a good local traffic,
as well as a considerable through traffic.
MURDER AT SEA.—The barque, Countess of Winton
arrived at Liverpool from Shanghai on Friday, and was
docked in the Prince's Dock. On the 17th of May, while
on her homeward voyage, the chief math, Win. M`Fillen,
murdered the captain, James Crangie, while they were
quarrelling in the cabin. The murderer was put in irons,
and the second mate took command of the ship. On the
24th of the same month, when being conveyed to the
water-closet, M`Fillen made a sudden spring and bounded
overboard, and was drowned. The second mate brought
the ship to Liverpool.
CONCERT-HAIL, LORD NELSON-STEEET.--OD Saturday
Mr. Templeton gave the first of a series of popular musical
entertainments. Mr. Brown, M.P., presided on the occa-
sion, and in the interval between the first and second part
of the performance, pointed out the elevating tenderness of
such reunions, which instructed while they pleased, and
though of merit in a superior degree, yet aimed at nothing
more than they professed to be, popular entertainments,
and as such, he was happy to find, they were deservedly
appreciated.
THE JEWS.—The thirty-fourth anniversary meeting of
the Liverpool Auxiliary Society for Promoting Christianity
amongst the Jews will be held on Monday next, in the
hall of the Collegiate Institution. The Lord Bishop of
the Diocese will take the chair, and the meeting will be
attended by a numerous deputation. Sermons will be
preached on Sunday next, both morning and evening, in
several churches, in aid of the funds, and on Tuesday
morning there will be a public breakfast at the Adelphi
Hotel.

•OF ENGLAND INSTITUTION BAZAAR.—The
bazaar in aid of the funds of the library connected with
the above institution was brought to a successful termina-
tion on Wednesday, the nett proceeds exceeding £2OO.
In addition to this sum several donations of books have
been made, one by Dr. Fisher. The committee feel
greatly indebted to the Hon. Mrs. E. Cropper, who
throughout manifested the greatest interest in the suc-
cess of the project. Mr. Branch also very kindly gave his
services in disposing of the articles deft unsold at the close
of the bazaar.

I STEAM-ENGINES SENT ABROAD.—It is shown by official
I returns that in the month ending the sth ult. the value of
steam-engines exported was £36.710.
SECRETARY OF STATE FOR SCOTLAND.—The Convert-
t tion of Royal Burghs has forwarded a memorial to he

to her
Majesty, praying for the appointment of a Secretary of
State for Scotland.—Scotsman.
THE REV. HENRY H. DUKE, M.A., vicar of Westbury,
Wilts, has been elected Mayor of that borough for the
next year : it is seldom that a clergyman fills the muni-
cipal chair.
THE GREAT NORTHERN COMPANY have, it is said,
offered Lord Fitzwilliam £60,000 a year for his coal mines,
on a lease for fifty years. A considerable portion of the
coals supplied to the Great Northern come from the pits
of his lordship.
POOR REMOVAL.—From a return, it appears that the
number of paupers who became chargeable in 1852, under
the Poor Removal Act of 1846, was 643,860, and that the
cost of maintenance and relief to such removable poor was
£623,961.
OFFENCES IN WORKHOUSES.—From a parliamentary
document it appears that the number of inmates of work-
houses who were committed to prison during the year
1852 for offences committed while they were such inmates
was—in England, 1,760; and in Wales, 28 ; total, 1,788.
PROPOSED HYDRAULIC RAILWAY.—A new style of
railway, substituting water for atmospheric pressure, has
been proposed both here and in France, with a view to
economical working and security from accident. The
actuating power is to be obtained by means of continuous
water power between the rails by artificial pressure. The
water power is worked by peculiar mechanical arrange-
ment, and it is proposed to place the apparatus at distances
of 300 feet along the line.
TIIE BARNSTAPLE BRIBERY COMMISSION.—The chief
commissioner (Mr. Michael Prendergast), at the termina-
tion of the proceedings, delivered an address, in which he
expressed his sorrow at what had been proved to have
taken place in a town where the Gospel was preached from
the pulpits of the various churches and chapels. Several
of the dissenting ministers, in consequence, agreed last
week to hold "special religious services for humiliation,
prayer, and exhortation, in reference to the recently-mani-
fested corruptions in the borough." Meetings for prayer
were accordingly held, and addresses were delivered on
"moral purity,"—the most interesting fact being that
many of the preachers received £6 each for their votes.
A HASTY. WEDDING.—About a month ago, a well-
known character in the neighbourhood of Leigh, who lately
came into possession of about £l,OOO, was drinking at a
i public-house in Leigh, and becoming communicative in-
formed the landlord that he was about to get married to a
woman he named. The landlord not approving his choice
called in a buxom widow, " fair, fat, and forty," who gained
a livelihood by washing, and introduced her to the sigher
after matrimonial bliss, as just the sort of wife he required.
After a very brief conversation he offered her marriage,
and, as a proof of his sincerity, presented her with about
£.440 and a gold watch and chain. The necessary pre-
liminaries having been arranged, the marriage was solemn-
ised at the parochial chapel, Hindley, on last Monday
week. The interesting event has excited much talk in the
neighbourhood, the parties being between 60 and 70
years of age.
CAPTURE OF AN OUTLAWED GOLD-DIGGER.--011
Thursday Michael Thomas Stacey Welsh was captured at
Southampton, under the following circumstances Some
years ago Welsh was made a bankrupt, but he had previ-
ously disposed of his stock, &c., as a draper, which busi-
ness he had carried on at Romford, Essex. He absconded,
and, in due course, was proclaimed at outlaw, and nothing
more was heard of him until about three weeks ago. It
was then ascertained that Welsh, after his bankruptcy,
made Australia the place of his refuge. Here he became
a dealer in gold, and amassed above £8,000; he returned
to England about a month since, in the Indus ; he visited
the metropolis, where he gave sumptuous entertainments
at some of the first-rate hotels, and his lavishness to the
employes impeded the officers in eliciting information. A
satisfactory clue was at length obtained to his movements,
and Mr. Walker, one of the trade assignees under the
bankruptcy, proceeded on Wednesday to Southampton,

and found that Welsh had taken a berth on board the
Hermione, lying in those docks. Mr. Walker succeeded
in effecting the capture of Welsh, when it was found that
he was possessed of above £7,000 in gold, and other pro-
perty. Russell, the detective officer, was then despatched
with a warrant, to bring the delinquent up to London,
with the view to his committal to Newgate ; and of course
all the creditors under the bankruptcy will obtain their
debts in full.
EXTRAOUDINABY MARRIAGE.-At the Westminster
Police-court, on Wednesday, a quiet-looking, elderly

ON Friday evening, W. H. Bainbrigge, Esq., F.R.C.S.,
delivered, at the Collegiate Institution, the second lecture
of his series _on the Physiology of the Mind ; and the
great purposes of education as training man, during his
infancy on earth, for his immortality in Heaven. The
audience was of a highly respectable and influential cha-
racter, and much more numerous than on the previous
occasion ; including members of most of the principal
families in Liverpool and its vicinity. The reception
given to the accomplished lecturer was most cordial, and
respectful in the highest degree.
He proceeded to remark, that it is only when we con-
template the miseries resulting from ignorance, that we
can estimate the value of knowledge. Disease and penury,
injury to the fine mechanism of the bodily organs, and
declension of the mental powers, result from the unexer-
cised intellect of man ; while the cultivation of true
knowledge elevates the child of earth into the heir of
Heaven. A wide—an illimitable—field of knowledge pre-
sents its fair vista to the inquiring mind ; and just as
man devotes himself to contemplation, what at first
appeared to be the horizon limiting research, opens and
presents to view a boundless extent of unexplored sub-
jects, the investigation of which is dependant on the will
alone. Knowledge impels to higher and still higher
points of elevation ; but ignorance, the result—almost
the synonyme—of idleness, induces a downward tendency,
assimilating human nature with that of the lower crea-
tures of creation. In promoting our well-being, know-
ledge has a two-fold operation ; the first unfolding those
great physiological facts which tend to the preservation
of the body, and the development of physical organisation ;
the second throwing its light upon the mind, opening
new fields of wonder—new glories in creation—new ma-
nifestations of the Divine mind. We may, indeed, talk
of the "good old times ;" but this our owu age, on inves-
tigation, will be found to be the world's meridian glory.
If there were corporeal giants in the early times, we can
boast colossal minds. Yet even knowledge may be per-
verted, and it is ever productive of evil if it be not active for
good. Never was there a period in which false systems had
greater success—never one in which unfounded pretensions
were made to look more specious than the present. That
most fatal form of error, truth perverted, challenges philoso-
phy itself; and mixed with a portion of ackowledged truth,
it recommends itself to minds too indolent to prosecute
investigation. As one instance, look at America. There
a people emulous of superiority in arts and arms, is de-
luded by the monstrous absurdity of "spirit rapping." In
the absurdities of this delusion, we may see the value of
having a right direction given to the pursuit of knowledge,
so as to render it effectual in advancing human happiness.
It was in mercy that our great Creator made the progres-
sion of our mind dependent on the development of our
bodily organization. It is because the mental faculties are
weak and powerless, that childhood is joyous in the re-
' dundancy of its growth, fearless because ignorant of danger
and evil, and happy beyond all thought. From these and
many causes, it is necessary that we should practise the
strictest uniformity in our system of education. With
children it must ever be "line upon line, and precept upon
precept." The labour is never completed, and nothing but
love and duty can keep the mind close to a work that has
no end. Strong in either of these motives, doubly strong
in both, the parent will go on uniform in action, correct in
principle, and just in the application of well-arranged
discipline.
Having inculcated the indispensable necessity of stimu-
lating and maintaining self-respect in the youthful mind,
the lecturer next proceeded to a consideration of memory,
observing that, in all systems of education, the faculty
called memory is that on which its progress mainly de-
pends. The fashion of the present day is to assume that
children should not be required to learn what they are un-
able to understand; it 'is plausible enough to declaim
against the old-fashioned tyranny of exacting long lessons
to be repeated by rote, the matter of the lessons being
beyond the comprehension of the child ; but let us see
what nature says, and leave the matter to her guidance.
It is an unmistakable fact, that memory is the first avail-
able faculty placed at our disposal. The babe remembers,
while in all else the mind is a blank. Which of us
would say a child should not be taught, at least, its
prayers until it could be made to comprehend the great
existence which it is taught to cry to as " Our Fa-
ther, which art in Heaven ?" Forbearing to employ the
memory, until the other faculties are developed, must
greatly cripple the course of education. Do not let us
imagine that memory, in the young, can lie wholly in-
active. It will exercise itself, and that on things useless
—often highly injurious. We all know how easily a child
can learn long passages by heart, which we, in our ma-
turity, would find almost an impossible undertaking, even
with the readiest knowledge on the subject. The reason
is clear. In different stages of life, we require the services
of our different faculties, in greater or less degrees. The
mind of the child has been fitted by the Divine Being for
the ready reception of that material on which the other
faculties are afterwards to operate, Memory accumulates
a magazine of facts, without which, talent is helpless ;
and even genius must fly with a clipped wing. Since
everything that is new, can only be fresh combinations of
the old, neither talent nor genius can exercise their
strength unfurnished with these stores of the intellect,
which memory alone supplies. As life advances, and the
other faculties come into operation, this, which is so be-
neficial a preparatory, gradually loses something of its
vigour. Where it has been well trained it continues a
most useful aid ; but where it has been neglected it falls
into ready desuetude, which no after effort can counteract.
The child learns its lesson, exercising the one function of
the brain, but leaving that organ undisturbed by other
operations. Gradually other faculties successively take up
the intellectual labour working on the materials acquired
by memory, and without which they could do nothing.
By the operations of memory the child lays up those stores
of facts gradually to be rendered available as life rolls on ;
invaluable, too, for combination, illustration, and all the
purposes of mental chemistry. omprehension, combina-
tion, deduction, reflection, the various operations of the
mind reciprocally give and receive assistance, working in
advantageous harmony, but memory undoubtedly stands
alone and independently, although a clear comprehension
of any subject facilitates the operations of memory, and
stamps the images more vividly and permanently on its
tables.

Vague ideas necessarily engender vague recollections, and
dreamy reminiscences are as valueless as the fleeting sha-
dows which surround our pillows. The power of fixing
the attention ought to be most carefully cultivated in
every system of education. Excellence in any walk of
life can never be attained without it. Excellence on any
point, be it ever so trivial, will never wait on divided
thoughts. The ability to concentrate the mind, fixing it
at will on the proposed subject, and bringing all its best
faculties to bear upon it, may be acquired, and, by the
judicious management of the parent or preceptor, soon
confirmed into an invaluable habit. Nothing great or
good can be done without it. By means of this power,
some of the greatest evils of our nature are remedied and
counterbalanced. Possessing this, we are enabled to rise
above that dissipation of thought which often leads the
wandering thinker into so much evil. This power gives
us the ability to fix our attention on the wholesome and
the good, and to banish from us those temptations which
throw the scattered ideas into confusion, and make them
as often range themselves under the wrong banner as the
right, too frequently yielding the victory to the spirit of
evil. As regards the interests of this world, it would be
difficult to find any power so valuable ; but when we
think how much its influence may ailed our position in
connexion with the interests of another world, probably
no point in the whole range of educational effort can vie
with it in the vast importance of its endless consequences.
It is of the utmost value to press this consideration
upon all minds, because it comprises one of those physio-
logical deductions which prove to us in what way the
means entrusted to our care, in the existing present, may
affect the eternal future to which it is ever leading on.
The power of fixing the mind upon one given subject, is
not more valuable for the interests of this world, than it
is for that which is to come. Who can tell into what in-
fectious atmosphere, among what pit-falls and precipices
a wandering mind may stray ? The more luxuriant the
imagination, the greater the danger. Even in our most
solemn moments, what trains of idling, distorted thoughts
may pass between us and the one pure idea that should
then engross every sensient faculty. How deeply do the
best of us bewail these distractions, finding that we have
lost this power over ourselves ? In after years, except
for the good of the intention, most of us struggle fruit-
lessly against the evil. It is in early youth" that a child
should be taught this power. The thoughtless gaiety of
those bright days may obstruct our exertions in fixing
upon the youthful mind the importance of this lesson !
Such inquiries as those referred to, naturally lead us to
a consideration based upon them, of the proportion of
labour to be required from the brain in the course of edu-
cation. Nothing can be of greater importance than clear-
ness of views upon this subject. The difficulty lies in
the scale being an ever varying one. That which is easy
to one species of organization, and in one stage of de-
velopment, is difficult, even impossible to another. It is no
strained hypothesis to say that physiology influences the ci-
vilization and refinement, as well as the morality of every
country. The heights of its intellectual tides are marked
in the histories of nations : they depend upon education :
education depends upon physiology : and thus physiology
affects the well-being, physically as well as mentally, of
every land upon the surface of the earth. It is, then, our
duty.carefully to ascertain the extent of mental power
which we may calculate upon in the organization of the
child.

To effect the best practical development of the youthful
intellect, we have seen the impropriety of applying se-
verity—the evils which follow on its application—how it
alienates the will and stultifies the faculties. Let us con-
sider what the contrary course may lead to. We may
invite to effort, and approve the effort with encourage-
ment ; such effort will lead to success which may well
deserve our praise. By this means that ardour of mind
will be elicited which will draw all the faculties into con-
current exertion. The pleasure thus imparted to the
spirit will breathe animation into all its workings, invigo-
rate the body, infuse an elastic energy into the whole
system, and thus the processes of education will be ren-
dered as agreeable as they are successful.
In all the processes of mental training we must bear in
mind the potency of will. The will of man has conquered
nature. It sends him to shiver with cold into the eternal
desert mountains of marble ice, and to scorch under the
searing heat of the burning zone. The will keeps up
physical strength ;it strengthened Samson to the
break down those pillars which support bend and the house of
Dagon. The will enables men to endure privation and
suffering, which endured against it,
mil
mortal. It has inspired men with the capability ofpreper.e
e -
forming acts of heroism far beyond theirna turd powers ;
and under its influence women have accomplished deeds
for which their sex and corporeal structure alike unfitted
them. In his last published volume of the history of
Europe, Sir Archibald Alison furnishes us with a physio-
logical fact which bears upon this subject. Lord Ex-
mouth, undertaking his well-known expedition against
Algiers, would receive none but volunteers to share
with him the danger which was looked on
as extreme. Thus the first enrolment was
an act of the will, and the consequence was, that the
mental energy so bouyed up the spirits of the men, that
throughout the cruise scarcely a name was ever found
upon the sick-list; and when the Queen Charlotte was
Paid off, on her return home, " only one man had died,
excepting those slain in action, out of a thousand who had
joined her three months before." See, then, the power of
even in the preservation of life, Perception and