The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1840-03-24 00:00:00

TO CORRESPONDENTS.

•
On re-consideration we must beg to decline inserting the
letter of " Ambulator." It shall be addressed as requested.
The favour from Sheffield has been received. We shall be
glad to give insertion to the document referred to.
We are afraid that there is no means for abating the nuisance
of which " An Inhabitant" complains.

Ebt Zibtrpool tttanbarb.

TUESDAY MORNING, MARCH/24, 1840.

By the packet-ship Garrick, Captain Palmer, which
arrived here yesterday, we have received New York
papers to the 25th ult., inclusive. They do not, how-
ever, contain any news of importance. The New York
money market presented no new features of any inte-
rest. A moderate amount of business was done in fo-
reign exchanges for the packet. Sales of sterling bills
were made at 81, but some good bills were taken at 7.
The exchange on London was quoted at 7i- to 81.
The affairs of the Manhattan Bank continued to at-
tract attention, as well as those of the United States
Bank ; but no new facts respecting them had tran-
spired.
The St. Louis Exchange, in New Orleans, had been
destroyed by fire, on the 11th ult. The building cost
upwards of 1,700,000 dollars.

These papers bring us an account of the death o

Mr. Maury, who resided for so many years in Liver•
pool as the American consul. He died at a very ad•
vanced age.

There is no news whatever in the papers before us
from Canada. The same remark applies to the states
of South America.

The following New York Circular of the 25th ub
will show the state'of the markets at the latest date :

New York, 24th February, Monday, p.m.
The continued absence of European advices, our latest
dates from London being only to the 4th of January, has
contributed to prolong the inactivity in mercantile affairs ge-
nerally, to which we have frequent occasion to allude. The
money market is in a very easy position, good business paper
being sought after, both by bulks and individuals, at 6 per
cent. per annum.

There has been no change, since the 12th instant, in the
condition of the Flour market, which is still drooping, al-
though prices have not declined to such au extent as might,
from the circumstances, have been expected. We quote
Western Canal dol. 6-8 to 6+ per brl. ; Common New York,
Tioy, &c., 6 to 61-; and Southern kinds, 6 to 6+; Richmond
City mills, 61-. Wheat, Southern, 118 to 120 cents per 601bs.
In cotton the transactions have been on the same steady,
moderate scale as for some weeks past, and without any
alteration in prices, excepting that, from the difficulty of
obtaining freight to Liverpool, cottons, in round bales, can
be bought a fraction under our present quotations. Uplands,
very ordinary to middling 7 to 81 cents, fair to good fair and
good 9+ to 91 and 10 cents per lb. ; Tennessee and Alabama
7 to 9 cents ; fine Mobiles and Lousianas, &c., 91 to 101
and 11 cents per lb. Sales, since 12th instant, estimated at
5,100 bales.
Ashes, 4,1 dols. for Pots, and 51 to 51 dots. for Pearls, per
100 lbs. ; Rice, 2+ to 31 cents per lb. ; Turpentine, 21 to 21
dols. per brl. for North County soft ; Tar, 11 to 2 dols. per
brl. ; Flaxseed, glean, 11+ dols. per tierce.
The rates of freight to Liverpool ft to 1 per lb. for Cotton
in square bales, and 1 to lin round ; Turpentine and Flour
4s. to 4s. 6d. per brl. ; Flaxseed 12s. per tce. To London,
Cotton 1 and 1 per lb.
The rates of exchange on England for the packet of the
19th instant were 108 to 1081 per cent., with only a mode-
rate demand.

For this conveyance the transactions have been rather
more extensive, chiefly at 108 to 1081 ; but at the close sales
of good bills have been made at 1074 to 1071.
Bills on France f. 5.274.
Bank Checks on New Orleans 41 to 41 per cent. discount;
on Mobile 8 to 81; on Savannah 6 ; Augusta 8 to 84 ;
Charleston 3i ; Philadelphia 64 per cent.

We have received our files of the Jamaica Royal
Gazette and of the Jamaica Standard to the 3d of Fe-
bruary inclusive. The news respecting the internal
condition of the island is of an unsatisfactory character.
The Royal Gazette speaks in the most rapturous terms
of the conduct of the Governor. He continues to earn
for himself golden opinions—to claim the respect and
esteem of all ranks--the love and gratitude of the un-
fortunate. It is said that " his benevolence of heart
and charitable disposition are things on every one's
tongue," and that " he appears to be happy himself,
and takes every opportunity to make those around him
happy also." So far so good. We have no doubt that
the demeanour of Sir Charles Metcalfe justifies these
eulogiums. But what says the Royal Gazette respect.

ing the agricultural prospects of the island ? While it
states that the peasantry are somewhat improved—that
there is less excitement among them—that they appear
more inclined to work—it acknowledges that they are
not to be depended upon for continuous labour, and that
robberies are, unfortunately, too common among them.
Some parties get tolerable work from the labourers ;
others can scarcely get any. On several sugar pro-
perties, which began crop before Christmas, sugar had
been made at an enormous sacrifice; and on others the
people had been insolent, and struck work. On one
estate, which had been held up as a pattern to all the
rest in the same neighbourhood, and which made an
excellent crop last year, the labourers. had obstinately
refused to work.

The Royal Gazette states that it can scarcely give an
opinion as to the introduction of the captured Africans
into the island : it comes to the conclusion, however,
that " as a population must eat, it is to be hoped they
will work, and so increase the cultivation of the island."
The subject of immigration continued to occupy the
attention of all classes, and there was every prospect
that the House of Assembly, after the adjournment,
would introduce some general measure for the purpose
of inducing parties to carry it on with spirit.
A letter from the parish of Manchester says—" I am
convinced that nothing but immigration can save us.
The exorbitant wages demanded by the people, I am
of opinion, is as much owing to the white people as the
labourers." The reason he assigns for this charge is,
that, owing to the scarcity of labour in the market,
parties are in the habit of tempting the labourers from
one estate to another by the offer of higher wages. The
consequence is, that the work is left unfinished in num-
berless instances, owing to this constant competition
between the employers. An abundant supply of la-
bourers would produce a competition of a far different
and more beneficial character—a competition among
the labourers. This would soon bring wages down to
their natural level, and enable proprietors of estates to
carry on their cultivation at a profit.

The papers before us contain a prospectus for the
formation of a " Silk Company" in Jamaica. This
project had been introduced by a Mr. Whitmarsh, an
experienced and practical man from America. The
parish of St. Ann had been fixed upon for the first es-
tablishment in connexion with this company. A spot
had been chosen for a mulberry plantation, of good as-
pect and virgin soil, of nearly 400 acres in extent.
This land the company had commenced clearing for
the purpose. The papers speak very enthusiastically
of this project.
We regret to learn that several incendiary fires had
occurred in different parts of the island. This 'is a
truly alarming symptom of the state of the labouring
population. It is to be hoped that the police force,
which was in course of organization, will prove suffi-
cient to check these and other outrages, which are now
of such frequent recurrence.
The Royal Gazette of January 11 contains an inter-
esting letter " On the utility of establishing a village
in a central part of every parish of Jamaica, to be peo-
pled by British agricultural emigrants." In our next
we shall give copious extracts from this important do-
cument, which opens up a new field for British enter-
prise.

That it is the bounden duty of the State to provide
for the moral and religious instruction of the people,
and to offer to every member of the community the
opportunity of attending the public worship of the
ALMIGHTY, is a truth which few, excepting the avowed
infidel, can have the hardihood to deny. It is equally
true that " the only proper and legitimate instrument,
for the fulfilment of this duty by the State, is that pure
and reformed branch of CHRIST'S Holy Catholic
Church which is established in this kingdom." These
undeniable truths cannot be too frequently or too ear-.
nestly forced upon the attention of the people, or too
zealously urged upon the notice of the Legislature. Our
rulers would do well to ponder these momentous pro-
positions. In proportion to the degree of attention be-
stowed upon them will the highest and most ennobling
functions of the legislative office be faithfully dis-
charged, and the best interests of the nation be pro-
Mined. •If it be true, as is expressly stated in Holy
Writ, that "righteousness exalteth a nation," every
means euiployed:for'ffikoutaging vice and immorality,
a4(.14,91* el-PYsiNctlle.':ieligious character of the people,
-must contribute.wthe-increase of our national happi-
-nl^ L.• .13t. 11 r to
_II nf inestimable blessing,. with-
out which riO people can permanentlk prosper, the fa-
vour of DIvINE PROVIDENCE. The history of the
Jewish nation, as recorded in the sacred Scriptures,
affords a striking and instructive illustration of the
truth of these remarks. As long as they remained
faithful in their observance of those divinely-appointed
institutions which had been delivered to them through
the hands of Moses ; as long as they continued to sup-
port the public worship of ALMIGHTY GOD, and di-
ligently kept his ordinances ; so long were.they exempt
from the molestation of surrounding enemies, and
dwelt in peace and prosperity, "each under his vine
and his fig-tree, none making: them afraid." But as
soon as they departed from their fidelity, neglected
their religious duties, amid " went seeking after idols,"
the favour and protection of DIVINE PROVIDENCE
was withdrawn from them, the chastising rod was held
over their heads, they 'became the captive prey of fo-
reign adversaries, or were visited by the still more in-
tolerable scourge of intestine wars and troubles. This
was remarkably the case when the rulers of the people
—the executive government—refused or neglected to
support the worship of the ALMIGHTY, and thus, by
their example, led the people astray. The whole people
were frequently punished for the declension of the
rulers. It were needless to cite instances in proof of
these remarks : they must be familiar to every one at
all conversant with the sacred Scriptures.
Surely, the political history of the Jewish nation
must be written for our edification. It cannot have
been penned merely to gratify our curiosity. That
would be unworthy of a Divine Revelation. It must
have been put on record for some great object. That
object can be none other than the instruction and guid-
ance of all other nations. The judgments with which
the Jews were visited for their departure from the wor-
ship of the ALMIGHTY must be considered as warn-
ings to deter other nations from following such an ex-
ample. Ought we not to pay heed to these solemn
warnings ? Have we any right to expect that the peo-
ple of England will escape those national judgments
which fell upon the Jews, if our rulers and our people
refuse to maintain among us the public worship of the
Almighty ? We can well imagine that the proud scep-
tic and the filthy Socialist will laugh at these conside-

rations ; but they cannot, assuredly, be neglected by
any conscientious Christian, let his creed be what it
may : still less ought they to be disregarded by those
who profess themselves to he members of the Church
of England, who, to he consistent, must acknowledge
that it is a duty obligatory upon the State to maintain

the public worship of ALMIGHTY GOD, and that a
neglect of this duty must entail upon us a national
curse.

It is, in fact, the highest duty of the Legislature to
promote the extension of pure religion. They owe it
to GOD and to their country. The Church of England
is established for national purposes; and it has been
well remarked that " all have a right to demand spi-
ritual instruction in her sanctuaries." The question
here occurs—can all avail themselves of this privilege?
Are there not millions of our countrymen who arc ne-
cessarily excluded from our churches for want of ade-
quate accommodation ? The statistical details which
have recently appeared in the columns of the Li
POOL STANDARD afford a conclusive answer to these
questions : hut, as the subject cannot be too frequently
or too urgently brought before our readers, we shall
proceed to give a few of the more striking of the proofs
which have been adduced to show the amount of spi-
ritual destitution in the country. This we do in
fulfilment of our promise to agitate the question of
CHURCH EXTENSION, previously to the introduction
of Sir R. H. Inglis's motion before the House of Com-
mons. On this subject there cannot be better advice
given than to " agitate—agitate—agitate."
The most authentic statement of the deficiency of
church accommodation, will probably he found in the
" Second Report of Her Majesty's Commissioners ap-
pointed to consider the State of the Established
Church." From that document, which is signed as
well by Lord Melbourne and Lord John Russell, as by
the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Bishop of Lon-
don, we derive the subjoined statistical details.
The report states that " the most prominent of the
defects which cripple the energies of the Established

Church, and circumscribe its usefulness, is the want of
churches and ministers, in the large towr s and 'popu-
lous districts of the kingdom." In the rural, or purely
agricultural districts, there is comparatively little com-
plaint made of any deficiency of church room ; the po-
pulation in these districts remaining nearly stationary.
This, however, is not the case with the mineral' dis-
tricts and the manufacturing and commercial towns.
In these the growth of the population has been so ra-
pid as to outstrip the means possessed by the Establish-
ment of meeting its spiritual wants. The progress of
trade and commerce has, during the last twenty or
thirty years, caused an immense increase of population
in most of our large towns; and -the result is, that a
very large proportion of the, people are left destitute of
the opportunities of public worship and Christian in-
struction, even when every allowance is made for the
exertions of thOse religious bodies which are not in con-
nexion with the Established Church.

A few facts will serve as illustrations of the preced-
ing remarks. Looking to those parishes only which
contain a population of upwards of 10,000, we find that
in London and its suburbs, including the parishes on
either bank of the Thames, there are four parishes' or
districts, with an aggregate population of 166,000, but
with church room for only B,2oo—not quite one-twen-
tieth of the whole. There are twenty-one other = dis-
tricts, the aggregate population of which is 739;060,
while the church room is for 66,155—n0t one-tenth of
the whole. There are nine other districts, with a po-
pulation of 232,000, and churel room for 27,327—n0t
one•eighth of the whole. The entire population of
these thirty-four parishes or districts amounts to
1,137,000, while there is church room only for 101,682.
Supposing that church room is required for one-third,
there ought to be sittings for 379,000 persons. There
is, therefore, a deficiency of 277,318 sittings. It would
require at least 200 churches to supply this deficiency.
In the diocese of Chester there are 38 parishis or
districts in Lancashire, each with a population exceed-
ing 10,000, containing an aggregate of 816,000 souls,
with church room for 97,000, or about one-eighth—
the proportion varying in different parishes from one-
sixth
to one twenty-third.
In the diocese of York there are 20 parishes or dis-
tricts, each with a population exceeding-10,000, and
with an aggregate of 420,000, while the church accom-
modation is only for 48,000—the proportions varying
from one-sixth to one-thirtieth. •

In the diocese of Lichfield and Coventry there are
16 parishes or districts, each having a population above
10,000, the aggregate being 235,000, with churchroom
for about 29,000—the proportions varying from, one-
sixth to one-fourteenth.

These details are only " samples" of the returns em-
bodied in the report from which they are extracted.
The catalogue might be easily swelled by numerous
other instances from all parts of the kingdom.
Since the year 1801, the addition to the population
of England and Wales alone has been at least six mil-
lions five hundred thousand, and the whole increase of
church accommodation that has been provided by the
state, within the period, appears, from the "Eighteenth
Report of the Church Building Commissioners," to
amount to 225 churches, affording accommodation to
297,912 persons—or less than one-twentieth of the ad-
ded population. This fact alone speaks volumes in
favour of CHURCH EXTENSION. It should. also be
borne in mind, that the increase in the population is
still going on in the same ratio, far outstripping the
means for providing church room, and leaving a greater
number every year without the means .of religious in'
s true Lion .

Under these painful circumstances, what must be
done ? Are we to consign nearly one-third of our po'
pulation to the darkness of heathenism ? It is of no
avail to appeal to the voluntary principle as a means
for removing the existing evil. The experience of the
last forty years has proved that the voluntary principle
is totally inadequate of itself to remedy the deficiency.
It has done much, certainly, and might do much more;
but the assistance of the state is indispensably mos'
sary in order to meet the exigencies of the population.
It is, therefore, incumbent upon all who have the beet
and highest interests of the country at heart, to pets•
tion the Legislature to take immediate measures for the
removal of that religious destitution which; is, non' 5°
prevalent in every part of the kingdom.
~!40,11‘xf

Nine weeks have now•elapSed: since the-opening
Parliament—nine weeks of interminahledebite,-0°
in what, we ask,. have -.they resulted? Has any wee'
sure been proposed to relieve the sufferings of ,ecolv-
munity, bleeding at every pore, and faint with tbe
sickness of hope deferred ?: Have any great views °f
statesmanship been developed ? .Has arirdispositil
been shewn to grapple with -the difficulties, fligaleis
and social, which seem closing round us on-ever/
side ? None. We can point to no part •of the pro-
ceedings of the House of Commons, during the Pre'
sent session, upon which a British subject can Priue
himself; but, on the contrary, we see inueh, to excite
feelings of shame, indignation, and contempt. Dun
the present session, that House—that reformed Heoe
—has contrived to lower and degrade itself-more
the eyes of the people of England, than any Parlianiel
since the Commonwealth; and as lovers .of the Brills'
Constitution—as friends of rational liberty—we de,
plore and fear the consequences. •
Yes, we FEAR the consequences.. There is 5003d
thing in the feeling of apathy with which the proceed'
tngs of the House of Commons are regarded by pine,
tenths of the community, which is sufficient to excite
the fears of any man who has studied the character):
and is acquainted with the temper, of the Englis
nation. Proud of our liberties, jealous of our rigilts6'
we have always been taught to look up to that Hoe
li
for succour and for sympathy, in those periods of di,
ficulty with which Providence visits occasionally every
to
people; we have always pointed to that. Reese ag.ij
an assembly such as no other nation in the world eciuisi
produce; we have ever been taught to- consider it „e
the palladium of that " noblest work. of -man,"
British Constitution! Do we view it .witlithese feel
ings now ? Does this great nation, racked with Pi;
fering and steeped to the lips in tribulation, its revel° j
declining, its commerce crippled, its honour tarniebeof
—its honour, that possession for the preservation
which it has lavished blood and treasure almost in
culable :—does this great nation, we ask, hope 031 i
thing or expect anything from the _present Howe j v
Commons ? It does not. The people of Englari
gaze upon its proceedings—its paltry squabbles, id
insolent pretensions, its strangely-mingled tyrannY3l:o
folly—with indifference,—calm, cold, contemPtu°
indifference!

Such a feeling is most assuredly not one which
cl
lover of his country and of her institutions should
delight to contemplate, for let it be borne in mind tbsi
it is not directed against a party or against an adrait'v
stration, but against au entire branch of the legislatilre
—against a portion, and what has ever been to t,fo
people of England the most valued portion, of t't,
Constitution itself. It is not felt by any one Pa%t);/'
but pervades to a great extent all parties and "e
classes, producing, as its results, a want of confidence
in the security of property generally—a doubt of th
elasticity of the resources of the country—and a gr°or,
o
ing indisposition to embark capital and enterprise ,
undertakings, the profitable result of which is dePt,,
dent to any great extent upon future contingencle
For two years our revenue, our finance, and our cf)itt,t;
coerce have been suffering to an unparalleled extell,a
and our embarrassed merchants, manufacturers, °e,e't
traders, without a helm to guide or a compass to stria
by, are drifted by every current of opinion, with
00
safe anchorage in prospect. Accustomed to rely
eP
the guidance of a House of Commons represents
! the interests of all classes, and directing their sleo
thies towards the good of all, they are now,
.deprived of that guidance, nay spurning it, reaciib
to
snatch at the nearest advantage which offers, and' %it/1
the selfishness of drowning men, to owe their:igh,
prolonged safety to the ruin of their suffering ri-p-rty
hour. • Class is arraying itself against class, Po- f
against wealth, servant against master. The 11°Pe -c
any returning season of prosperity, which shall 0 11'oa
its benefits over all stasSes alilie by
• Laraele°
contemplation of the ut,ter imbe ty, the SD
eet
venality, and the Rbagrgejleartlessnesa of the preB by
House of CommonB;:9andithe people arerled away' le
reckless agitation, it-114141.dt of- objet tmattairla
except by the perpetratiiiiilliniijiiStictiqjn.linl•
• .)70i, bie A Eas -r-c $
Is this, We'ask", an. ovetlit
ith
not. The inaprincipleefagita*RPls4 ?12.13kct the
taligfistptutir,..
:la ,
Corn-laws, carried by hired-Jesturers through ~.ro
length and breadth of the land—the foul 01311°`

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directed day by day against our National Church—the
exulting aspect of Popery on every side—the introduc-
tion of the foul prophet of Socialism and Infidelity at
the Court of our Sovereign,—all these are but too
significant emblems of the growth of that national de-
moralization which is ever the result of a want of re-
spect on the part of a people towards those who govern.
Three months ago we bad brighter prospects to look
upon. We had still a sound Protestant interest, upon
whose loyalty and unshaken firmness the people of
England could depend for protection and safety._ We
_had the materiel for a noble stand against the enemies
,of our religion and our homes. We had leaders—aye,
and trusted ones—at whose bidding we could have
braced on our armour and gone forth, secure that out
path to the field of combat would be at least a straight
and an honourable one. Do these still exist? We
grieve—we blush to say—they do not ! One fatal
question, a cunningly-devised plot of the Jesuitical
„faction whose rowels are, in our sides, has destroyed
;.what years of unceasing regret may prove insufficient
440 atone for—the confidence placed by the British
11Cation in the integrity, honesty, and sound English
,feeling of the Conservative leaders in the House of
--Commons. To them—to Sir Robert Peel, to Lord
„Stanley, to Sir James Graham—the Nation looked
ti_a!a the founders of a better order of things. To these
lemen, backed as we knew they would have been by that
41Pirit of true loyalty and constitutional principle which
we saw growing up and strengthening around us, we
- looked up with confidence and hope for our country.
.They have deceived us. They have stooped from their
eyrie to feed on the garbage of modern liberalism.
They have deserted the high emprize to which they
~.had been devoted by the people of England, for a
Paltry contest, waged with a writer of filthy memoirs,
at the expense of justice and liberty. They have
descended to mingle with the brood of shallow expe-
rimentalists, raked together from the stews and hells of
the metropolis, or exhaled from the putrescent mass of
Socinianistn and infidelity, which constitutes so great
a portion of the society of our large manufacturing
towns. They have fought side by side with Wakley
and litone; and--
• - " Oh, what .a fall was there, my countrymen !"
• they have received and writhed beneath the fulsome
adulation of Daniel O'Connell.
Will they not—will not Sir Robert Peel at length
t.:understind the temper and feeling of the Conservative
" body of 'England ? If he will regain the respect and
tzt,revive the hopes of that body, we warn him that this
'object can never be accomplished except by following
t he straightforward and manly path, at all risks, in
'll reference to the devious and crooked windings of
lachiavelian policy. Concession must be banished
fr( un his lips. His watchword—the only watchword
under which the constitutional party will now follow
hiu I—must be " WAR TO THE KNIFE, AND No
SUI (RENDER !"

Os t Friday last we commented, in language not one
whit . Itronger that the occasion justified, on the pro-
cessioi lof the Irish Papists on St. Patrick's Day. The
article has had its intended effect. It has stung and
mortifit id the Ribbonmen and their defenders. We
have pretty strong evidence of this fact in a rabidly
'biolent I. ;tier which appeared in the Journal of Saturday
last, und,lr the euphonious signatu:re of ".D. E. Fitz-
patrick." The writer has lashed !iimself into such a
paroxysm if rage and indignation that we would se-
riously advise his friends to keep " a sharp look out"
after him. His malady is evidenthr of a mischievous
character : ars.d we should not be :surprised if, failing
in his attack upon the LIVERPOOL STANDARD, lie
should turn ro find and assail his o' vn friends. If we
are not much inistaken, an individural bearing the ho-
noured name o f Fitzpatrick, some time ago vented his
spleen against the Albion, and one (pr two of the other
liberal prints in town, through the medium of a Tory
paper. We no 'not say that it is thei same person who
has foisted hiii vulgarities upon the editor of the
Them is something, however, in the style of
the letter in .the: Journal which -verr strongly reminds
us of the artichis to which we hatre. alluded. If the
Ribbonmen sho ald fail in patronising the writer who
has vilified us in the columns of the Journal, he mav,
perhaps, find itt convenient to ab use them in terms
as strong and virulent as those whia he has employed
Ire.z_in.al;msing the STANDARD.
Idr.-Fitzpatrick, after some ream] Acs,
."characterised
_au incoherent scurrility .of language," such as a
-Tcs Billingsgate fishwoman .might be expected to indulge
.1"1 if.transferred to Bedlam, proceeiis to bring against
° a''us a string of charges as-false and unfounded, as they
41C434'4re destitute of decency and count ion sense. He has
{42l`'`he audacity to designate the article in the STANDARD,
which. he professes to animad rert, " a string of
-"C falsehoods and fabrications." I n support of this
'.sweeping charge he does not adduce one tittle of
deuce... Perhaps he conceives it to be beneath the
• 'dignity of an Irish Papist to have anything to do with
:4'1°40 shabby an article as an arguinent. We asserted
4.11° that." the procession of Tuesday 1 ist was chiefly corn-
3A)osed of a number of clubs ands ecret societies, exclu-
„" Popish, and having political objects in view
identical with those of the traito!:ous Ribbonite asso-
' ) ciationa in Ireland." We re-assert every word of this.
We have evidence to prove it, which we shall, in due
tune, produce. Does our vulg: ,r assailant forget the
• report of the evidence before the Earl of Roden's
Committee on Ribbonism, whi,:h was published no
longer since than last year ? Does he forget the dis-
' closures made before that com nittee respecting Rib-
bon associations in Liverpool, as well as in other parts
of the United Kingdom ? If hit: memory is so treach-
er°llB, ours is not, as we shall shortly prove to his
utter confusion.

11; Vi'But. does Mr. Fitzpatrick, amidst the accumulated
flue,4 s'verbiage of his abuse, offer one . syllable in opposition
tls h lo our assertions, excepting his ;nere ipse dixit ? No,
totil 410 tan atom. .He calls it " farci ml and inconsistent,
..I,A :16-assert that there are Ribbon loilyes in Liverpool. The
-14, —.Arch-Impostor used similar language when it was as-
`_` that there were Ribbon lodges in Ireland. In
bg,.fiF~td matter, the evidence before the Roden committee
Proved O'Connell to be A LIAR. We believe O'Con-
.L council's disclaimer on the hubjec; of Ribbonism in Ire-
just.as readily as we believe that of Mr. Fitzpat-
tick respecting its existence in Liverpool. We
re-assert that there are Ribbon lodges in Liver-
-. Pool—and that the symbols of th ese secret bands of
assassins were openly displayed oil Tuesday last before
the gaze of thousands. As Mr. Fizpatrick has so boldly
controverted this assertion, we challenge him to make
good his position. It is very easy for him to bring a
charge of falsehood against us, and equally easy to
Couch that charge in language as vulgar and vitupera-
tive as ever flowed from the lips of a costermonger in
• -the purlieus of St. Giles : but it is a far more diffi-
.' salt matter for him to substantiate Isis charge by an ap-
Peal to facts. Is Mr. Fitzpatrick so consummately Vain
• and conceited as to imagine that we shall believe him
:pug -in preferekee to the respectable individuals who gave
t h.-7
-their -evidence on oath before the Roden Committee?
rifl:'.How can he have the hardihood to deny that we cor-
. (fl rectly described the objects and designs of the Ribbon-
ra men ? Has he been asleep for the last two or three
6i.years-?- Does he not know that the secret designs of
'3.'ith the Ribbonmen have been discovered and exposed time
? If he does not, we cornmisserate his igno-
;l':33 -ranee, as much as we laugh at his blackguardism and
tiflz,despise his threats. The latter, though very artfully
157 ‘almonveyed, display the true spirit of the " death's head
c,:and cross-bones" intimidation.
`4/ fr,

e nc h. 'nen° of the Liverpool JI/bion, whose comical
i-ti..writhings and twistings, under the lash of the dreaded
41'" junior editor" of the Times, have, during the last few
1.4 weeks, afforded so much merriment to the good folks of Li-
verpool,
.appears to make an appeal ad ,snisericordiam to his
merciless pursuer, by venturing to rage battle with the
sr, LIVV.RVOOL STANDARD. We' know not whether his ludi-
.ti,; trails antics, in endeavouring to assail usi are " most pro-
vocative of contempt or laughter." `We never witness any
.;
:attempt ion. the part of: Punchinello t a break a lance with
o,i4ny of his contemporaries, without hei ag_styougly reminded
c • •
112 the ,awkwarcl, Attitudes of a goose upon stilts; while the
'((f loitrp;agant contortions of his countt trance, when 14e has
43134.1*ei:;'NfOrtn-rieiO 'receivehotne,thiust from his antagonist,
strongly of an on t- taking an emetic.
Vi?4-4iitfierlca)lof-Tiknkihitiollo7iti a =right mer ry fellow, excepting
yld qoVilietazfantripaihnitelt avhilosnpher or a statesman. He
'-"i.04,1111f f 31545 theserluh#ractArk without, setting our gravity
hi , q'aftfiefi,ne.StiFV4PlßtißC49l;ol " guffaw." lie
erbst4 monkeys should
'14115 b4YCe eked,. er e diverting creatures
4dt nsto weapc which ought only
'l4* entiodatic4 the hands ratio aal Men. We hope
hinello—will . take: this hint in goe d part, and confine
eanuelf, in future, to those light and fantastic evolutions

which so well become him, and which contribute so much
to the amusement of the public.

. -
So much for badinage. The Albion of yesterday contains
an article of a grossly vituperative character, by way of com-
ment on our remarks respecting the Ribbonite procession of
Tuesday last. It accuses us of " letting off brutal vituper-
ations against an oppressed and long-suffering people." We
" let off " nothing of the kind. We certainly did declaim
against a band of brutal tyrants, whose associates in Ireland
have repeatedly imbrued their hands in the blood of the
" oppressed and long-suffering" Protestants of that country.
In doing so we should have expe :ted the sympathy of the
Albion, if we did not know that it has more than once ad-
vocated the " extinction of the 'party" on whose necks the
Irish Papists have so long trampled in fiendish exultation.
The Albion is guilty of uttering an untruth in saying that
we have insulted Ireland. We never offered an insult to
Ireland. It is a splendid and lovely country, and contains
hundreds of thousands of the bravest, most loyal, and noble-
minded men that ever breathed the breath of Heaven—men
who have proved their devoted attachment to their Sove-
reign, and their unflinching determination to sustain the
glorious institutions of the realm, under circumstances of
the most trying character. But Ireland also contains a
horde of brutal assassins, organised for the exterminatio❑ of
all that is good and noble in their country, and whose very
shadows are so many hideous blots upon its verdant soil.
Against these—the truculent Ribbonmen—we have de-
claimed, and shall continue to declaim.

The Albion very ingeniously contrives to mis-quote a para.
graph from our article on Lord Normanby's " blarney."
The candid editor of that paper leaves out the qualifying
terms, " if Lord Normanby speaks of the great majority of
the Irish," and proceeds to charge us with saying that all the
Irish are violent, seditious, and superstitious. Does the edi-
tor of the Albion suppose that we included the loyal and en-
lightened Protestants of Ireland in the same category with
the degraded serfs of the Popish priesthood?
The appeal of the Albion to the Irish aliens in Liverpool
is quite characteristic of a liberal journal. It has hitherto
been the uniform policy of the self-styled liberals to depress
and depreciate every thing that is English; while they have
done all in their power to place O'Connell and the " Irish
tail" in power. We repeat our exhortations to the Pro-
testants of Liverpool, to crush the Irish faction who now
ride rough-shod over the liberties of Englishmen. If they
do not bestir themselves, in common with their Protestant
fellow-subjects in other parts of the empire, England will
soon be converted into a paltry appanage to Ireland. Let us
show that we will not suffer England to be any longer go-
verned by the Irish Papists. We have submitted too long to
this degradation.

It is amusing to observe the cool impudence and ignorance
combined with which the Anti-Corn-law orators endeavour
occasionally to gull the public and themselves into a belief of
the purity of their motives and the sagacity of their conclu-
sions. At the meeting of the Manchester Chamber of Com-
merce, held on Thursday week, for the purpose of petition-
ing Parliament for the total and immediate repeal of the
Corn-laws, the following very brilliant observations were
uttered by the mover of the petition, Mr. Benjamin Pearson,
and elicited the unqualified assent of that very self-sufficient
assembly. " Some persons," observed Mr. Benjamin
Pearson, " imagined that a large portion of the land in this
country would immediately go out of cultivation on the re-
peal of the Corn-laws ; but it had been well observed, that,
if we took the cost of importation into this country at 10s. a
quarter, and estimated the production of an acre of wheat at
three quarters, which was the lowest estimate, the landed in-
terest had a protection equal to the whole rent of the land ;
and that the farmer stood, as far as the foreigner was con-
cerned, in the same position as if he were rent-free." Now
we should imagine that Mr. Benjamin Pearson knew just
as much about the subject upon which he was talking as our
inkstand knows about Greek or Hebrew ; and we should
strongly advise " The League" to forward him immediately,
carriage paid, into some of our benighted agricultural dis-
tricts, where the benevolent intentions of the Manchester
Chamber of Commerce are so little known and appreciated,
and where " the farmer stands, so far as the foreigner is con-
cerned, in the same condition as if he was rent-free !"
But softly, Mr. Benjamin Pearson—let us see whether this
brilliant idea of yours might not explode with the jolting,
and yourself at the end of your journey be presented to the
astonished rustics as a mere empty bottle. The farmer, ac-
cording to your calculation, would have a protection against
the foreigner of ten shillings per quarter, which upon a pro-
duction of three quarters to an acre would be equal to 305.,
the average rental of corn lands per acre. But an English
farmer might perhaps inform you that it requires a cultiva-
tion of more than one year to raise a crop of wheat, and that
his rent must be paid whilst the land is fallow, or growing
only such produce as barely pays a profit on cultivation. Place
the English farmer. as compared with the foreigner, rent-
free, by a protection, in addition to this charge of freight,
and he is ready to compete with the foreigner. Do this, Mr.
Pearson, but do not insult an English public by taking it for
granted that there are many men out of the Manchester
Chamber of Commerce so besotted in their ignorance as to
credit such outrageous absurdity. By the bye, we wish that
your party generally possessed a little more honesty, and
their statements a little more consistency with eath other.
Men bent upon deceiving ahou4l rehearse together
sbefore
they attempt to perform in ptiblie.:*'"q (2" ;t ; 'I."
--IT :ivs•fia 10 11107 f

.T: 1 1;11

MAGASIN FRANCAIS.—WC beg leave to direct the atten-
tion of our fair readers to the announcement of Mons. C.
Meyer's return from Paris and Edinburgh, with a splendid
assortment of novelties to suit every taste.
MECHANICS' INSTITUTION.—We understand that the
Directors of the Mechanics' Institution will present the
Bishop of Norwich with a gold medal, instead of a silver one
which is usually given to honorary and life members of the
institution. The bishop's will be the only gold ticket be-
longing to the institution.

FATAL ACClDENT.—Yesterday morning, about twenty
minutes past eight o'clock, as a man named Thos. Williams,
a timber carter, was standing in the Brunswick Dock Quay,
he was knocked down by a timber carriage, one of the large
wheels of which passed over his head, and crushed it so
dreadfully that his death was instantaneous. Some persons
near the carriage called out to him to stand out of the way,
but he did not appear to hear them. The deceased, who
lived in Warwick-street, has left a wife and two children to
deplore his untimely end.

TRIBUTE OF RESPECT TO A CLERGYMAN.--The congre-
gation of St. Bride's have recently manifested their regard
and esteem for their highly-valued minister, the Rev. James
Haldane Stewart, by presenting him with portraits of him-
self and his lady, which have been so satisfactorily executed
by George Patten, Esq., A.R.A., portrait painter to his
Royal Highness Prince Albert, that they have further de-
termined to have a handsome engraving taken of Mr.
Stewart's portrait, by Mr. Lupton, whose talents as an
artist are so well known.

MEETING OF SHIPMASTERS.—We perceive that a meeting
of Shipmasters, and others interested in the Port of Liver-
pool, is to be held at the Clarendon Rooms, on Saturday
next, at twelve o'clock, for the consideration of several highly
important subjects, which are enumerated in the advertise-
ment. Among the most prominent of these we may notice
the establishment of a Captains' Reading and Coffee Rooms.
This is an establishment which has been long needed in the
town, and which will, we doubt not, be found of incalculable
utility.
Several of the papers on Saturday contained an alarming
account of the illness of Lord Lyndhurst. We are happy to
say that the statement was a very considerable exaggeration
of the real fact. His Lordship, in the middle of the week,
had a severe attack of indigestion, but the complaint, which
was never for a moment dangerous, yielded soon to medical
treatment. His Lordship has now no ailment beyond the
slight weakness occasioned by the usual remedies in cases of
indigestion.—Times of yesterday.
PENN'S BATIIS.—We are glad to find that Mr. Penn has
announced that his baths are now in readiness for the sea-
son. We have no doubt that the splendid establishment on
George's Pier will be visited by many strangers during the
assizes. The comforts and conveniences afforded at these
excellent baths are unrivalled. We shall frequently do our-
selves the p'easure of paying Mr. Penn a visit.

Gentlemen in Government or other Offices, whose time
will not admit of a " nooning," or laid table, will find an
admirable substitute, combined with economy, in E. and T.
Taylor's Concentrated Meat Lozenges, or Multum in Parvo,
which will afford nutriment for hours by merely dissolving
one or two in the mouth, as they are composed of the choicest
viands and of the most delicate flavour. From their extreme
portability, they may be carried in the pocket, whilst their
cost, is. and 2s. per box, will supersede the necessity of
many a meat at an inconvenient hour. None are Genuine
without the name of E. & T. Taylor, 17, Lower Holborn,
being on the label.—See Advt.

LIVER THEATRE.—Mr. Tilbury has resorted to " Groves
of Blarney " on the occasion of his benefit to-morrows night.
Mr. Tilbury has, on this his first visit to Liverpool, done
good service during the season, and created a favourable im-
pression which will not fade in a day. He has ably supported
his characters, and we hope the public will now liberally
support him ; for he is worthy their good thought.—See Ad.
LOVE our CHILDREN.—The Duke of Wellington is re-
markable for his fondness of children ; and when the veteran
Blucher beheld the school children assembled in St. Paul's,
the unconscious tear trickled down the cheek of the hardy
warrior. The great Burke delighted to unbend his mighty
mind amid children's play, and would lie his listness length
on the floor, whilst they jumped over him in laughing sport;
and, as for the fairer portion of creation, Euripides bath long
ago declared that they are " all fond of children." Daily
merience, however, serves to show that nothing is more
precarious than the life of a child I
In many instances,
this, confessedly, arises from the shrinking delicacy of the
tender exotic itself ; but, in far more, from neglect on the part
prompt enough in bestowing upon
their idolatry dlolatry the tenderest caresses, and
a
of anxious nurture, forget that these cannot
rtohleflientthohleivetetpalaest rlsloeiednbulesai assiduities
oftht o
, though
of incipient disease ! It is in vain
to tell them that " medicine is given to heal sickness," when
they will not procure and administer it ! The efficacy of
Atkinson's INFANTS PRESERVATIVE, as a cure for the
usual complaints of infants, is now universally acknowledged ;
yet, notwithstanding its immense sale, there are still some in
all ranks so obstinately perverse as to neglect its use, and
thus leave the poor infants to die. With such persons it is
worse than idle to attempt to reason, or to place pearls before
thern.—See advt.

THE ROYAL AMPAITHEATRE.- This place of amuse-
ment, which has been closed for a short time, was re-opened
last night for eighteen representations, by Mr. Batty, with a
strong company and a good stud of horses. The perform-
ances throughout gave much satisfaction. The first piece
was a splendid equestrian spectacle, called " The Triumph of
the Alhambra." The scenes in the circle that followed
exhibited considerable novelty. Mons. Massotta, a French
rider was all that could be wished. He is certainly
one of the most daring and skilful equestrians of the
day. Mr. Hughes was also much applauded as "the horse-
man of all work• Amongst the performances were those
of the celebrated Mons. Plege, on the tight rope, which were
truly wonderful. Mons. Caslesse on the corde crescent,
was, almost equally expert. The prices of admission have
been considerably reduced, and some attractive novelties
will, we learn, be produeed, when the "'Alhambra" is
withdrawn.

BARNSLEY LINEN TRADE.—The gloom which has for
snme time past hung over the staple trade of this town, has
this week been brightened up by a fair prospect of more em-
ployment for the operatives. Two of the principal houses,
viz., Messrs. Tee and Cordeux, and Messrs. Jackson and
Hodgetts, have received an extensive government order for
ducks and checks, which will set in motion several hundred
looms. This, we believe, is not an order of profit on the
part of the manufacturers, but fairly taken by a generous
feeling on their part to give employment to the weaver.—
Leeds Intelligencer.
GEORGE ROBINS IN SOUTH AMERICA.—The inimitable
George, in a prospectus of an estate which he is called upon
to dispose of, situate in the state of Venezuela, in South
America, says, " He would more particularly endeavour to
awaken the attention of those whose prospects in their mother
country are such as to make it desirable to seek the New
World to improve their fortunes ; or to those speculators
whose knowledge of the country, its locality, resources, and
advantages, would induce them to invest their capital in the
purchase of land, in a region that every day's experience and
every day's intelligence proves is gradually yet triumphantly
emerging from its difficulties; and that it is permanently
creating for itself a proud position in the estimation of sur-
rounding cuuntries,—that will, ere long, hold forth stronger
claims to the emigrant's attention, than many which Eu-
ropeans at the present day depart for ; becoming, indeed, a
land of promise ' to those who incline to improve their
ways and means' in a distant land, and ' esteemed far
beyond those which fallacy and unfulfilled hopes are daily
teaching to-emigrants who have unfortunately been sacrificed
—a lesson that the puplic will act advisedly to ponder well
upon." A suggestion has been made to Mr. Robins, that
this district was, in by-gone times, a favourite locality with
the socialists and Owenites; and as their numbers are sup-
posed to be on the increase, they might probably wish to re-
establish themselves at Venezuela; and a better opportunity
than the one now offered may not present itself, as their
tenets, with regard to labour, would have ample time and
field to develope themselves, and their peculiar system prove
more successful there than in many other parts of the world,
We perfectly agree with this suggestion, and would especially
'recommend it to the serious consideration of my Lords Mel-
bourne and. Brougham. That .it would well suit such poor
unfortunate wretches there cannot be the least doubt ; and
we certainly hope at a future day to find London quite rid of
such pests to Christian soeiety.--Morning Herald.

CORRESPONDENCE.

PLAIN QUESTIONS PRACTICALLY ANSWERED
ON CHURCH EXTENSION.

Why should we petition parliament for church extension?
Because we believe it to be the duty of a Christian govern-
ment to provide for the Christian instruction of the people,
and there are yet four millions of persons unprovided with
church room.

Why should we raise thischurch-extension cry every year?
Because every year there is an increase of 208,000 to the
population of England and Wales, creating a want of 70,000
additional sittings yearly, supposing only one-third of the
population required such.
Why should every true friend of religion rally round the
Established Church ?

_ .
Because she is acknowledged,' by the truly pious of all
sects, to be the great bulwark against the inroads of Popery,
Socinianism, Socialism, and every other species of infidelity.
Why do the Dissenters join heart and hand with Papists,
Socialists, and Socinians, in attacking the Churh ?
Because they arc each envious of her zeal, worth, and ac-
tivity, and cemented together by the most unholy motives.
Why should we now call upon parliament to meet the
wants of the people?
Because we have already raised more by voluntary sub-
scriptions during the last ten years, for building places of
worship, than was ever raised by any other body.
Why should we expect that our petitions for church ex-
tension will be attended to?
Because our rulers admit such want, Lord John Russell,
on the 2nd of August, having spoken thus :—" We have,
particularly in the manufacturing districts, very large masses
of people who have grown up in a state of society, which it
is both lamentable and appalling to contemplate. They have
not grown up amidst the usual concomitants of an ordinary
state of society, under the hand of early instruction ; with
places of worship to attend ; with their opinions of property
moulded by seeing it devoted to social and charitable objects;
and with a fair and gradual subordination of ranks. But it
is, in many cases, a society necessarily composed of the
working classes, with a few persons who employ their labour,
but with whom they have little other connection ;—and, un-
happily, neither receiving in schools nor in places of worship,
that religious and moral instruction which is necessary to
knit together the inhabitants and classes of a great country."
Why should the people of Liverpool petition for church
extension ?

Because there is an increase in the wants of the people for
such accommodation. In 1821 there were 16 churches in
Liverpool, with accommodation for 20,000 persons, leaving
58,000 unprovided for. In 1840 there are (or shortly will
be) 30 churches, with accommodation for 36,000 persons,
leaving 92,000 unprovided for, the population having in-
creased from 118,000 to 200,000.
Why do the enemies of the Church state that her revenues
amount to 8 millions, when they know them to be but 31

Because they are instigated to do so, by the father of lies
and truth would not answer their purpose.
CHURCHMAN.

RELIGIOUS, MORAL, AND POLITICAL ASPECT
OF THE COUNTRY.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

With spirit calm, a pressive audience give,
Approve me if you can, if not, forgive.

Sir,—At a time when evil is spreading and infidelity ex-
tending far and wide, it becomes a question of vital impor-
tance, whence is the secret source of such moral disorder.
Is it owing to the defect in our sacred or civil institutions,
or is the mind of man now especially more prone to super-
stition—more easily led by the chimera of cunning and
designing men, who are willing to prostrate, if they can, the
present organization of society—to overthrow civil order,
scriptural restraint, and thwart the best feelings, in order to
raise themselves to a puny eminence, and acquire a name—
though transitory—at the expense of honour, truth, and
every nobler sentiment ?
That such moral turpitude is apparent, I affirm—that an-
cient and honourable institutions tremble to their founda-
tion, I also affirm—l assert, moreover, that evil men, of whom
there are no few, would, if they were able, banish the word
and scriptural ordinances from the land.
Why are these things?
First,—methinks there is some lack of duty on the guar-
dians of the public morals. The authorised teachers and
preachers of the word, have, for many years, been some-
what remiss in their exertions, and while they have slept, or
been passing the time in good-natured tranquillity, or un-
suspecting reliance on public stability—the enemy hath been
actively engaged, insinuating into the too susceptible souls
of men, that it was indeed time for old things to pass away,
and all things to become new. Man, be it known, however
well refined—however apparently excellent and good, is Fut
like a fair rose garden, where, though roses blossom, fruit-
trees put forth buds of promise, yet ever requires the eye of
watchfulness, and the hand of experience and discretion to
tend its progress, and remove as may seem good, those wild
shoots which will spring from the fairest stem. In times
gone by, the minds of Englishmen, alive to danger, and pu-
rified by the fires of anarchy, watchful of evil, seemed so
fair as to require little tending, then did the watchman give
those hours to repose, which should have been bestowed in
watchfulness, and a continued lethargy only gave way for
evil spirits to ingratiate themselves with the flock, and sow
the seeds of discontent and heresy which now are found to
be ripening and coming to vile maturity, rank, and blasphe-
mous, and poisoning as far as they can, the once heavenly
atmosphere of English virtue.
Secondly.—Much of the disorder which is apparent is
caused by the change in scholastic establishments, not in
those of ancient foundation, whose pious founders well knew
the value of religious instruction. Brought up myself at an
ancient public school, I can vouchsafe for the oithodox man-
ner in which the young are trained at such seminaries. But
it is in those modern schools where the fine arts and sciences
are taught to the detriment of true religion, .and without
regard to the souls of men. Let any one—a bishop if you
say.that the mind must be first made susceptible on earth;
I will say to such prelate no ;—first let the child be endowed
with heavenly susceptibility, and then, refined in its nature,
and made excellent by religion, it will receive the things, the
arts and sciences of earth as dependent on providence, and
so learn "to use as not abusing them." Jacob's ladder in-
• deed, rested on the earth ; but let the Lord Bishop of Nor-
wich remember it was first let down from heaven. Let him
too remember they were not men who ascended and descend-
ed, but angels. So, if man is to rise, the ladder must be
let down from above, and lie mast be purified before lie is
able to ascend. Let these public institutions remember these
things. Let not the public be led away by any man, even
though a divine,—for divines are fallible, and benevolence
may err through excess of good nature—of one thing lam
certain, that much of the existing evil is mainly caused by
the train of godless teaching so prevalent in many of our
public schools.

" Train well the child that grace in age may grow,
Be pure the fount and clear the stream will flow,
With wise discretion train the moral tree,
For to be fruitful is not to be free.
Freedom is not to be rudely wild—
To make man wise in age, then, train the child.
In Godly truth let infant hearts be taught,
And to their Saviour in their childhood brought ;
So mutual good will as the light expand,
And one good feeling fructify the land."
Thirdly.—Modern government is not sufficiently discreet.
False patriotism patronises heresy for the sake of popularity,
and sacrifices principle for the sake of political interest.
False legislation exercises undue control over the mind of the
lower classes by promises, which proving abortive, destroy
popular confidence, and create, in course, discontent, with
its train of mischiefs. False benevolence makes part, with-
out discretion, and swells the number of its partisans with
miserable time-servers, who are ever subservient to those
who flatter the expectation with unfounded projects. False
magnanimity displays itself by undue distribution of place
and pension—by the slighting of old friends and tried worth,
merely for the purpose of exhibiting its seeming charity in
being a patron to all. By these fallacies of judgment among
liberal legislators is the public mind warped—a bad example
shown, inasmuch as no discrimination is observed between
truth and error, good and evil, vice and virtue. Thus men
become heedless, and heedlessness is ever pregnant with
error, and error is the mischief which afflicts mankind.
Where is that patriotism', noble legislation, and scorn of vile
and vulgar abuse, which once actuated British statesmen?
Surely in these days of intellectual wisdom we are not war-
ranted in echoing Lord Eldon, who said on a memorable oc-
casion, " the sun of England's glory is for ever set ;" rather
let me say with confidence, " Arise, awake, or be for ever
fallen." Let English senators shake off vile dependence,
and, actuated by their better judgment, so act as to encourage
good principles, though they at the same time sacrifice the
support of some who call themselves their friends.
Fourthly.--No inconsiderable portion of the present evils
arises from the laxity of the press—a press teeming with
blasphemy and corruption, which perverts divinity, degrades
morality, debases mankind. God forbid but we should have
a free press ; but still methinks there ought to ba such
wholesome restraint as may preserve the minds of the people
from corruption. We know the mania of the lower classes
for the news of the day ; how vastly important, then, is it,
that those minds who have not the advantage of deeper read-
ing should be guarded from the corruption of those rile and
sensual publications which are now disseminated without re-
serve. Owenism, yclept Socialism, publicly spread through
the medium of the press ! Good God! a foreigner coming
hither may well ask if he really be in England, so famed and
lauded for its judicial government and public morals.
These, methinks, are some of the roots from which spring
the present state of political feeling, and laxity in morals and
religion, which are so palpable in this country—a political
rancour which saps the judgment, overbears discretion, and
makes established laws and time-honoured custom tremble—
a state of religion which paralyses the best feelings, which
warps the public mini, makes heresy rampant, popery dar-
ing, latitudinarianism impudent and overbearing. If such
be the root of this cancerous evil, this vile decay of English
honour, glory and power, this diminution in national honesty
and respect for the better feelings and better principles : how
does it behove those placed in charge to be awake, and re-
membering the old proverb—" better late than never," at
once commence a real reformation, not that shallow reform
which is now so popular, but a radical reform—one which
will strike at once the origin of mischief, and by removing
the cause that retards the progress, so that England may at
length, under tender but judicious and discreet government,
be once more brought to her former healthy constitution.
Let public men, in the warmth of their desire to please, re-
member the maxim— d eciPenaur specie recti," and be care-
NI, for this country is not now in a position to be trifled
with ; a short course of years must either see her in her pris-
tine beauty, or disgraced and debased to a level with those
less favoured nations which are retrogade in the scale.
" 0 fair Britannia, shall thy glories fall,
Or, as a byeword, thy blest name be made,
By those who long have trembled at thy sway—
Who, when thon badest, only dare obey?
Fair Ocean Queen, shalt thou, whose sway so long
Has been the subject of poetic song,
Once raised so high, in all that's great decline,
And lose a glory by fair conquest thine ?
Forbid it Heaven ! England still restore
To all the honours which she held of yore,
Uphold those glories, in their sway sublime,
' To the last moment of recording time."'
Your most obedient servant,
J..S.
Liverpool.

THE PRESENT POSITION OF THE ESTABLISHED
CHURCH OF SCOTLAND.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD,

Sin,,—lf vou wish to give your readers a concise yet corn.
prehensive view of the question at present agitating Scotland,
you cannot do better than lay before them the following re-
solutions, passed by the Presbytery of Newcastle a few days
ago. It gives a pointed and well sustained view of her doc-
trine and principles with respect to her connection with the
State, and the late attempt of the Court of Session to coerce
her in the discharge of her ecclesiastical functions.
It suiely ought to excite no little interest towards the mat-
ter, in England, that, should no remedial enactment be pro-
vided, and she persist in maintaining her present adherence
to the religious principles of her constitution, of which there
can be no doubt from the character of the men who have now
the majority in her General Assembly, of whom Dr. Chal-
mers is the leader, there is no question but a scene will
be soon enacted in Scotland which has had no parallel
since the black days of open persecution. The fact that
talented, and most influen-
tial of her ,most popular,
tial ministers have been interdicted from preaching the
gospel in seven of ber parishes, and that having in such
a matter chosen to 46 obey God rather than men, they are,

of course, liable at any moment to be torn from their fami-
lies and incarcerated in the common prison, is a startling
state of things.
May God speed an ample and efficient remedy to a state of
things so disgraceful to the liberality and legislative wisdom
of a free country.
Liverpool, March, 1840.
" At an ordinary meeting of the Presbytery of Newcastle-
upon-Tyne, held at the Presbyterian Church, North Shields,
on Tuesday, the 10th March, 1840, it was unanimously re-
solved—

" 1. That the Lord Jesus Christ, the only Head of the
Church of God, has conferred upon his people a right to try
the spirits of pastors and teachers whether they be of God,
and consequently to refuse to receive them if, on trial, they
be judged not of God, which rights no power on earth may
lawfully withhold or annul.
" 2. That the Lord Jesus Christ, as king and Head of his
Church, has therein appointed a government in the hands of
church-officers, distinct from the civil magistrate, and has
commanded, that while the things which are CEesar's shall
be rendered unto Caesar, the things which are God's shall be
rendered unto God.

" 3. That the Church of Scotland did not in any sense re-
ceive her doctrines, discipline, or government, from the civil
magistrate, but existed under her reformed constitution in
doctrine and government, deduced by herself from the Scrip-
tures, and exercised all the powers of a Church of God, for
years before she was recognised by the State.
" 4. That when the Church of Scotland was, at the Revo-
lution, placed on her present civil basis by the Legislature,
her Confession of Faith, constitution, and exclusive jurisdic-
tion, in all matters ecclesiastical, were distinctly admitted
and recognised by statute ; and, farther, were subsequently
guaranteed by the Act of Security, by the Treaty of Union
between England and Scotland • and by that oath to main-
tain inviolately the privileges of Scottish Church, which,
in accordance with that treaty, the Sovereigns of Great Bri-
tain must swear and subscribe, as their first act on their ac-
cession to the throne.

" 5. That the Court of Session in Scotland, which owes
its very existence to the civil authority, and is, by the terms
of its institution, expressly limited to civil actions,' by
claiming the right, and presuming to exercise the power of
reviewing, suspending, and annulling the decisions of the
Church of Scotland in matters ecclesiastical, scripturally and
legally belonging unto her jurisdiction exclusively, has in-
vaded, and is endeavouring to subject the spiritual kingdom
of Jesus Christ unto the kingdoms of this world ; and by
prohibiting his faithful ministers from preaching the gospel
in certain parishes of Scotland, has openly trampled under
foot his authority, which has expressly commissioned them
to go forth into all the world, and preach the gospel unto
every creature ; and that, therefore, the mandates and inter-
,clicts of the Court of Session ought not only not to be sub-
mitted to, but to be disobeyed and resisted by every scriptu-
ral means, even, if necessary, unto blood.
" 6. That, therefore, the Church of Scotland. in refusing,
in the face of ruinous law-suits, judicial reprimands, and
impending fines and imprisonments, to submit to the dic-
tates of the Court of Session in matters ecclesiastical, and to
take a single step towards the intrusion of ministers upon
reclaiming congregations, is obeying the commandments of
God, asserting the supremacy of the only Head of the Church,
defending the rights of her Christian people, and vindicating
her own statutory, blood-bought, and scriptural privileges.
" 7. That as the Church of Scotland derives her exist.
ence, with her essential and constitutional principles, from
the Lord Jesus Christ himself, who is the bead of all prin-
cipality and power, which cannot therefore be repealed or al-
tered except by him ; and as the existence and constitution of
the Court of Session are derived from the State, and there-
fore may be righteously modified, repealed, or removed away
altogether by the will of the Legislature, the Church of
Scotland is acting a loyal, consistent, and Christian part in
applying to the State for such a declaratory statute, as shall
explicitly restrain the civil courts within their own proper
jurisdiction, shall vindicate the spiritual rights of the people.
and give a civil sanction to the great Christian and constitu-
tional principle of the Church of Scotland, that no person
be intruded into any of the offices of the Church contrary
to the will of the congregation to which he is appointed.
" 8. That it is the duty of other Churches to give such as-
sistance as is in their power to this persecuted Church, and
especially to offer up their prayers, that her adorable Head,
who has triumphantly borne her through many a struggle for
his crown and kingdom, may direct and strengthen her by
his Holy Spirit, and enable her to maintain her present po-
sition; from which she cannot recede without irremidiably
wounding her own character, destroying her usefulness, en-
dangering the spiritual liberties of all religious communions.
inflicting a grievous injury on our common Christianity, and
sinning against God.

" That, therefore, this Presbytery resolve to petition
Parliament, in terms of the preceding resolution ; and re-
commend to their sessions and congregations to do the same
without delay."