The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1841-10-22 00:00:00

LATEST FROM SOUTH AMERICA

We have received, through the " Boston Mail," advices
from Buenos Ayres and Montevideo to the Gth ult.
There had been a severe and important naval engagement
between the squadrons of Buenos Ayres, under:Commodore
Brown, and Montevideo, under Commodore Coe. Victory
crowned the efforts of the latter, and the blockade of
Montevideo has been raised in consequence.

The above intelligence, brought by the South America,
we were enabled to give in a third edition of Tuesday's
STANDARD. About eight o'clock in the evening of that day
the Caledonia arrived in the river. She departed from Bos-
ton on the day appointed—namely, Saturday, the 2d instant.
On the following day she encountered a heavy sea, and, on
Sunday, the 4th, the weather was so tempestuous that she
was compelled to lie to, having lost one of her quarter boats,
and several of her crew having sustained serious injury.
After braving most severe weather, she at length arrived
at Halifax, at six o'clock on the evening of the ith
instant. At a quarter past six o'clock on the evening of
the Sth, she set steam for Liverpool. Notwithstanding that
she had boisterous weather nearly all the way home, she has
performed the voyage in eleven days. She has brought home
53 passengers, a list of whom, with an abstract of her log, we
have subjoined. The Acadia arrived out on the 2d instant.
She also appears to have experienced much tempestuous
weather. The additional information brought by the Cale-
donia is not important. With reference to the case of Col.
Grogan, the Boston Morning Post, in the following para-
graph, throws so►ae new light upon the affair :
" The dragoons who kidnapped Colonel Grogan do not
belong to what is considered the regular British army. The
regular soldiers, when placed on the frontier, have deserted
to such an extent, that the government has been compelled
to raise a force in the province for frontier service • and to
this force the dragoons belonged. The. men and officers are
chosen from those who are the loudest in their profession of
loyalty to the Queen, and most bitter in their prejudices
against the republicans of the States. They draw their pay
and rations from the British government; and although they
cannot be considered the most fit men to preserve peace on
the frontiers, they are the most unscrupulous tools of tyranny,
and those who would naturally be chosen to do the work that
they were lately engaged in."
The natural consequence of the unsettled state of affairs
relative to great Britain, and of the increasing difficulties, is
great pressure on the money market, inactivity of business,
and a general depreciation of stock. The complaints of the
inanimate state of business were general. There was but
little current money in circulation, and the exchange brokers
were entirely without occupation. United States Bank shares
were at 51. At Philadelphia, on the 29th ult., United States
Bank notes, to the amount of 3,000 dollars, had sold at the
hoard of brokers at 66 cents on the dollar. Exchange on
Eng.land. for the packet of the Ist and for the steamer, was
at 94 to 10 per cent. premium. Bills were very scarce and in
great demand. The cotto❑ market was still inactive. Great
fears had been entertained that, owing to the small demand
for cotton in this country, and the probability of a large
crop, the dealers would be distressed, and the planters unable
to obtain anything like a saving price. It is stated, however,
that the prospects of a large crop is extremely doubtful. The
?siacon (Georgia) Messenger• of the 21st ult. has the follow-
ing, from which it appears that a failure in that district was
apprehended :
" A few weeks since, the prospect of a large crop was never
more favourable. But for the last three weeks there has
been more or less rain eve:y day, (except three or four,)
which has greatly changed the prospect. Great injury is now
daily taking place from the rot, worms, and other causes
incidental to a wet season. We can now say, without a
doubt, that the crop must be short of an average one ; and if
the rains continue, that it will be almost a total failure."

The news from Canada is scanty and unimportant. The
death of the Governor-General seems to have thrown a gloom
over the society of the colony. The funeral of his lordship
took place at Kingston, on the 23d ult. The day was ob-
served as one of mourning and solemnity. The shops and
places of business were all closed, and trading and mechanical
operations were entirely suspended. The flags of the vessels
in the harbour, says one of the papers, " drooped mourn-
fully at half-mast, and the people in the town everywhere
put on, along with the garments, ' the spirit of heaviness.' "