The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-04-28 00:00:00

LOSS OF THE COLONIES OF ENGLAND.

The following important sentences of Mr. Buchanan's
letter, published in the STANDARD of last Tuesday, ap-
pear to have been omitted in the copy sent ns :
" As I took occasion before to explain, I have not per-
sonally (as a Colonist) any interest, direct or indirect, in
timber, my interests in the Colony being based entirely
on the success of the emigrant farmer, who, now cast off
by England, will, to find a sure and permanently profita-
ble market for his wheat, be forced to get his produce
into the market of New York, which is protected against
foreigners by a Corn-law of Bs. per quarter, even if this
be at the expense of a political connection with Washing-
ton.
" Under the circumstances in which Canada is spurned
by England (and seeing herself sacrificed to please the
Republican party of this country), it is my solemn con-
yictiln that, before many years, we shall see a more bitter
feeling against England evinced by the descendants of
those who left the old Colonies at the American Revolu-
tt
4i oeni antahna
owse find among i t
yto England
thoses
surely
wh h
bitter
tt
teern ebe
e rnougl
hl e.d ; and
" Let us consider all this in time.
" Ir England gives Canada no advantage in wheat. the
Canadian farmers, who are the body-politic, and who
have no interest in encouraging the timber trade, will
impose an export duty on the latter article.
" When Canada becomes a part of the United States,
this is sure to be done.

" They know, though the Manchester political econo-
mists pretend not eo know, that the Baltic and all otlur
foreion wood countries could not furnish much more than
one-half what England wants of timber, and that England
is not only dependant on British America for the compe-
tition that reduces prices to the lowest point (these Colo-
nies furnishing nearly two-thirds the supply). but is
DEPENDANT UN BRITISH AMI'.RICA FOR GETTING SUP-
PLIED AT ALL WITH THIS GREAT NECESSARY.".
And again, at the close of the letter :

" The retention, after 1848, of the 4s. duty on foreign
wheat, would preserve the integrity of the rrnpire, by
saving to us the principle of protection to Britioh indus-
trpat home and abroad.

"What. then, must you Colonists think of the honesty
of those who pretend to be friends of the Colonies. and
will not go even this length to meet your views, and re-
tain your connection !"

While on this suhject, we shall also subjoin the follow-
ing, communicated by Mr. Buchanan to the Greenock
Advertiser, the editor of which, Mr. Scott, was formerly
editor of the Montreal Herald:—

" I, however, would not consider myself at liberty to
encroach on your valuable space at such lergth but from
the circumstance of Greenock and the other seaports
being so vitally concerned in the decision concerning Frce
Trade, not only from their intimate connection taith the
Colonial trade and shipping, but from the •r even greater
dependence on the coasting trade, which, under Free
Trade, foreigners would of coursecome to share with us.
" I view the coasting trade as one of our greatest na-
tional considerations; for while the whole colonial and
foreign tradss employ each of them only about two mil-
lions of tonnage, the coasting trade employs eleven mil-
lions of tons of shipping.
" It would also be very fatal to our seaports if British
ships are driven to get their repaits done abroad 'in the
cheapest foreign port.'
" And as protection to Colonial and British labour is, in
truth, hut one question, the reconstruction of the colonial
system is as ouch the interest of British shipping, and
British industry of every kind, as it is of the producer in
the Colony.
" British industry is, in fact, more vitally concerned,
for Free Trade would not injure Canada as a country, in
material prosperity, but only outrage the feelings of her
inhabitants, in forcing them into the American Union.
"To my mind, therefore, the reconstruction of the
Colonial system, on a rational footing, and on the prin-
ciple of moderate pro•ection, is the most patriot c. and,
(looking to the dependent situation of our working chissss
in Great Britain) I would add, the most humane of public
objects.

I desire no man to give up his preference for the prin-
ciple or theory of Free Trade, but in our circumstances I
try to show that it would be far more prudent to delay the
discussion of out 'and out Free Trade till we see what
practical effect on the permanent prosperity of the Country
would flow from such measures as the following. I WOULD
AT ONCE DO AWAY WITH ALL EXCISE DUTIES AND
GIVE A FAIR TRIAL TO THE COLONIZATION SYSTEM
OR PRINCIPLE BY ADMITTING DUTY FREE THE SUGAR,
SPIRITS, WHEAT, WOOL, Ste. OF THE COLONIES, IN-
SISTING AT SAME TIME THAT THESE COLONIES RE-
CIPROCATE THESE PRIVILEGES BY TAKING THEIR EN-
TIRE SUPPLIES OF GOODS AND PROVISIONS NOT RAISED
BY THEMSELVES FROM THIS COUNTRY OR OUR OTHER
COLONIES. This is the prin•iple which has worked such
wonders in the prosperity of the United States, and why
then should we be afraid to adopt it ?
" If, for instance, we were thus w restore to British
America the supuly of the West Indies with provisions we
would create so great arid so permanent a demand for
Agricultural labour in Canada, that we could safely send
thither each year a hundred thousand, or mole, of our
surplus population, who in a few years, would, each man,
take six times the value of our home manufactures that
the Americans do, or any foreign country can, in the na-
ture of things, do permanently.
"Ott our getting our trade placed on such a footing ( in
no way interfei ins; with or cramping foreign trade) depends,
I feel convinced, the only chance of our securlng perma-
nent and large outlets for our enormously increasing pro-
duction of manufactured goods, and a profitable employ-
ment for our sailors without reducing them to the wages
and fare of foreign countries."

NEW ERA IN THE SCIENCE OF COOKERY.

There is a somewhat homely proverb which informs is
that God sends meat, but another p3wer, which shall be
nameless, sends us too frequently the class by whom such
meat is prepared for our use. The proverb speaks the
truth. The art of cookery in this country is a sadly neg-
lected one. Our ordinary culinary processes are not
only most rude, hilt they are, what is far worse, most
wa,teful. We affect a plainness in the national taste,
and a contempt of the appliances used by some other na-
tions for stimulating appetite; and, as the result, it re.
quires a great, r quantity, and a better quality of food to
support any given number of Englishmen than would be
required to support double the number of any other pro-
ple. We have for the last few years been endeavouring
to supply the deficiency of the supply created by our
wastefulness. We have imported the beef and pork of
the continent and of America; but we cannot get our po-
pulation to enjoy it, becsu-e they don't know bow to pre-
pare it for the table. The average ability of our cooks
goes little further than to spoil a surloin, to murder a
chop, or to reduce a steak to the condition of a piece of
sole• leather.

From an opportunity which we had of judging during
the past week, we find that we are about to get rid of our
wasteful incompetency to make the best use of the
bounty which Providence has bestowed upon us. and,
whilst increasirig our supply of food by calling in the aid
of foreign countries, to adopt more efficacious means than
we have hitherto possessed to render that supply available.
By the kindn ss of Messrs. Ingleby and Cook, of this
town, we were, on Fsiday last, enabled to taste the qua-
lity of some of their meats prepared for the consumption
chiefly of the ,hipping of the port, but eqoally available
and economical for that of the family table ; and we must
say.t hat, by their peculiar modes of cooking and preser-
vation, the same qualities of food, which an English
housekeeoer would not be able to serve up as a palatable
meal, and which, wider the hands of a ship's cook, would
be almost uneatable and indigestible, are converted into
positive luxuries, whilst the better descriptions of meat—
our poultry—cut soups—our game—are supplied at prices,
and in a state of perfection, which perfectly astonished
us. In particular we were struck wits the quality and
tenzlency of their foreign beef it. canisters, which, although
sold in a cooked state, with its gravy and juices preserved,
at 44.1. per lb., is equal to the best joints which a first-rate
English cook, using English beet at 74d. or B.s. per lb.,
c uld place on the table. A full-sized fowl or capon, roast
or boiled, ready to be served up cold, or which a quarter
of an hour's immersion in hot water will make ready for
a hot dinner or supper, for 2s. 4d., is a moderately cheap
luxury. Salmon, if thet-fir.t guilty, mutton, veal, game
of every sort, soups, sauces, mid eve rt, k nd of condiment
and pickle, are furnisl,ed•at prices, and in a state of per-
fection 'and preparation for yse, wh ch to us is astonishing,
and to the fraternity of cooks may well induce the tear
that " Othello's occupation's gone," and that henceforth
they are t, be thrown into inn human lurnhpr-memsi...
herd with the old race of rurnspirs.
But, although an acquisition to families, and a cenveni-
ence of no ordinary description, to be enabled to furnish
ourselves from such stoics as those of Al, s•r-. Ingleby
and Cook, to the mariner it is of inappreciable value.
Imagine an Indiaman, visited when just out of the Channel
with a gale of wind—his hen coops washed overboard—
the ribs of Isis pigs staved in—his cow a ikati cow—•and
his cabbages, green peas, asparagus, and artichokes gone
overboard to feed the fishes, and the vision held up before
his officers and cabin passen gers,,of a weary four months
of salt junk—that depressing consideration to all those
who go down to the sea in ships. Yell can still open the
store-room, and the enterprise of Messrs. Ingleby and
Cook supplies you with roa t fowl and boiled fowl, beet as
fresh when you are off St. Helena as you tasted before you
left the Adeltihi—in short, a Mayor's feast, provided by a
Horne or a Latham, with salmon fresh ft orn the Shannon,
game from the moors, cream fresh from the cow, when,
hut for this triumph of the culinary art, you Might have
been glad to diversify your ordinary salt fare with a chance
steak from the back of a dolphin, or the♦ not very tender
eating to be got from a beguiled shark !
We can afford, however, to be pert ctly serious in corn-
meeting upon this great enlargement of the comforts
aff-rded in life for 13,41 i the land-man and the sailor. It
is not a light thing ti, reflect upon the increased cou.fort
which skill and enterprise is thus bestowing upon our
race—which is annihilating distance and tieu'ralizirig cli-
mate, by enabling us to sit down to an English dinner,
and to enjoy, at a cheap rate, the luxuries of an English
hotel, beneath the tropics, or in the antartic. It is not a
light thing, either, to he thus able to prove to Englishmen
that science can render palatable and nutritious for their
use, food which they would reject if left to be prepared by
the ordinary and unski ful operations of their present sys-
tem of cookery. To do this, is effectually to increase the
aggregate supply of the means of supporting life, as if we
could remove nearer to us the praries of the United States,
or the pastures and corn fields of the Ohio.

CAUTION TO BOOKSELLERS, &c .—A respectable book-
seller and stationer, io this town, has had an information
laid against him for selling a pack of playing cards with-
out the spade ace duly stamped; they are of the d. sgrip-
tion denominated waste-paper, having the corners clipped
off. It appears that this is an evasion of the Act of Par-
liament, and he has been applied to by the solicitor of
stamps and taxes for a penalty of ten pounds.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.

COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH—FRIDAY.
(Sittings in Banco at Wesiminstfr.)

POLICY OP INSURANCE-DEVIATION.-OLIVERSON AND

ANOTHER V. BR,GHTON AND ANOTHER.
This action was brouAt by Messrs. R. and R. Oliver-
son, insurance brokers, nominel plaintiffs, who effected a
policy of insurance on behalf of iSlessrs. Garrett and Co..
in the Marine Insurance Company, upon certain goods
shipped on board the Pellane, and destined for China.
The action was tried at Liverpool Spring Assizes, 1814,
and a verdict taken for the plaintiff for £2872, subject to
a special case.
Mr. Martin, in applying for the rule, stated the facts
as they appeared in evidence, which were in substance to
this effect:—That the Plaintiff; shipped their goods on
board the Penang for Canton ; that while on the voyage
a storm arose, and the vessel and cargo were injured ;
that the Penang put into Hong-Kong, and there trans-
shipped the goods into the .1-tines La,,g, which the
defendants contended was the final port of destination
of the 200 bales of R00d,.; but the plaintiff, controded
that such could not be the else, inasmuch as that Hong-
Kong was then (in June, 1841) but a barren rock, having
no warehouses, and only a tew sheds, and that the goods
were only transhipped in order to ascertain the extent of
the damage they had sustained ; and that Canton was the
final port of destination, because it was the final port
of sale.
The case is one of a rather complicated nature, and
involves the consideration of the question as to what was
the actual understanding betwren this country and China
at the time, or whether England was at open hostilities
with the Chinese then.

The S-dicitor-G-neral, on behalf of the plaintlf. con-
tended that Eng was then at open war with China,
and that Canton was, at the time of the arrival of the
Penang at I-long-Kong, in a state of actual siege by the
British lose s, and that tbere'ore the party in charge of
the goods did not deem it sate to take them there ; and
therefore he hired the James Lang as a receiving ship,
and put the goods into her. iie further contended that
the policy was so generally worded as to leave optional
the port,in China at which the goods were to be landed ;
and that the Penang was destined to return to Et,gland
with tea, and not to go on to Canton. He further con-
tended that the James Lang was trot hired as a teceiving
ship, which was to convey the goods to some other port,
but as a ware ouse for the goods.
Mr. Martin w s theti heard in reply, and
Toe Court decided that the I:eneral terms of the policy
being "to a port in the Chinese seas," covered the devia-
tion under the peculiar circumstances ; also, that the
vessel was by the terms of the policy entitled to unload
and reship these goods, if necessary, on her way to the
final port of delivery.
A similar case, " B tld and another v Rt thethatn,"
occupied the Court during the greater part of the remain-
der of the day.

Arthur Piggott Fletcher, Esq., cf this town, has been
admitted by the Lord Chancellor as a master extra-
ordinary in Chancery.
In the Court of Exchequer, on Thursday, a new trial
was refused in the case of Gado-re°le v. M tall, for a libel
in tiie Nunconformrst. The reader will recollect that the
darna,es were .1:2‘10, in the general estimation most ex-
cessive.

CLARKE v. TIPPING.—Lord Langdale, in the Rolls
Court, gave judgment in this cause. in which the plaintiff
was the consigner of corn, grain, &c., from Carlow. in
Ireland, to the defendant a, Liverpool as his factor. His
Lordship said the plaintiff had a right to hate the ac-
counts duly taken from the beginning.
The Vice-Chancellor, on Thursday. disso'.ved the in-
junction previously granted, to restrain Mr. Henry Smith
from pirating or singing several songs of Mr. Henry
Russell, so far as the music of the songs said to have
been composed by Auber and Strauss was concerned;
and as to the rest, the plaintiff is at liberty to bring an
action at law, if advised.
In the Court of Exchequ'-r, last week, on the motion
of Mr. Sergeant Talfourd. a rule nisi w s granted for a
new trial in a breach of promise of marriage case, one of
the grounds for which was stated to be that the defendant
had at the trial promised to marry the pl.int•ff. The
court observed that perhaps further argue ent might be
rendered unnecessary to make the rule absolute, as the
parties might, in the meantime, come together:it'd marry.
An action was I 'tely tried at Shrewsbury, which was
brought by a Mr. Price against Ar.Dotinell, an innkeeper
at Cleobury M‘rrtimer, ..,hropshire, to reenTer compensa-
tion for injury sustained by the plaintiff from the defend-
ant's reiusal to provide him vv,th accommodation when
requested so to do. He bad omlted to bring his horse
and gig with him. Verdict for the plaintiff, with 40s. da-
mages.

The case of the Scotch church at Birkenhead was be-
fore the Vice-Chancellor, on Wednesday. His honor,
with reference to an oljection raised on the part of the
Rev. Mr. Gamler, the rietei.dant, that all the subscribers
to the charity, and not merely the treasurer and trr.srees,
and a few of the subscribers, ought to have been made
parties to the suit, said he would not decide the pint un-
til the hearing of the cause generally.
COLYLTAS v. Bowl s.—A " Rule Nisi " has been for a new trial in this case, which was an action
brought by the plaintiff (an old servan► of the de end ant's).
who is a clergyman, to recover compensation in d4maces
for alleged acts of adultery ai,h plaintiff's wits. The
case was tried at the last assizes held at Bedford, when
the jury !eturneil a verdict in favour of the plaintiff—da-
mages £2OO. The defendant is 70 years of agr, and
plaintiff's wife 54.

,sroyNlivuren.dd•
er Barstow,
iki in
The the
BAIL Coeu.T.—On the ]7th instant, a Mr. Erlam
obtained a verdict of £lOO against two attornies, named
Davis and Winter, out of 1.275 which be had paid them
on account of 800 guineas, the price of the secretaryship
to the Dieppe and Paris Railway, which he was to obtain
from their hands, at a salary of .£4OO per annum. The
defendants had no authority to sell the office; the con-
cession
aatissdee
plaintiff,tooih tinfei
I,c.awwoEntußil
iaoo,
Bail
compliance
Court,nni
stcn,
Egecrteawahi
grandfather
tdoFhhpfneaal
aartdTrii
e,
ehbe,
rtruersi
peremptory
in, nos
Thursday,
kotiy,
trial, in
of the French government had never been obtained,
o
to
:hes
Ha
vsfi
Smith
rgi
tj dr:gpcnl grit
eite asproceeded
itnort
breach
hd
ocfopurnosmelisseaiodf this was an action brought by the
against the the celebrated action nroebeloe,
et-1i! tiehs ied rinutin for
£lOO, money alleged to have been lent to his lordship.
Rule granted.
Mr. li.Ao.na Browne,Browne,
amoemf bßerrnowfntF hall,lrishh.e
son n
at the Cornmi-sion Court,
bar, and the
Galway, was
Dublin. Mr. Browne paid lis addresses to Mi-s Copland,
tried of Colonel
col
week for bigamy, -
the daughter of Mr. Charles Copland, nian;:g-r of the
royal bank ; and on the sth of November last year they
were married. During the winter, a person calling herself
Mary Downes, threw the Copland family into consterna-
tion by representing that she had been married to Mr.
Browne in June, 1842. The truth of this allreation was
established on the trial. The marriage had taken place
when Mr. Browne wanted some months of legal age; the
bride was one of his father's servants. Verdict, guilty—
sentence, seven years' transportation.
SENTENCE UN A BARRISTER FOR FORGERY.—At
the Dublin Commission Court, on Friday, Mr. John
Sarjeant was put forward to receive sent, nee. He had
been convicted of forging a bill of exchange, purporting
to be the draft of Gt•neral Saunders. Mr. Surjeant, who
is a barrister. had been agent to the general, who died
since the period wben the case had cone before the
primary tribunal, where the case had been at the instance
of the deceased general. Baton Richards, in passing
sentei ce upon this gentleman. said, "Had you been eon.
vicled of a similar offence previous to the wise and mer-
ciful relaxation of the criminal laws, you would be
standing re to receive sentence of death, instead of
that which the court has now to pronounce against you."
The learned judge then pronounced against the convict
sentence of transportation for seven years. A fact in re-
ference to this person may not be deemed out of' place
here. It appears that in the year 1821 he was convicted
, of forgery, and wits under sentence of tran-portation
when George the Fourth was in Ireland. On the oc-
casion of his Majesty's departure from Kingstown Har-
bour. and while the royal barge was getting under weigh,
amid the acclamations of the assembled mill-nude, a re-
spectably-attired female with a paper in her band dashed
wildly into the water in the hope of reaching the barge.
The Kit g exclaimed, "Oh tare the woman ! Sa re her
On being taken ashore she w.:s discovered to be the wife
of Sarjearit ; the paper, a petition to the King to pardon
her husband. His Msjes:y was so much affected by the
circumstance that be at once eranted an unlimited pardon-
to him ; and now, after a la, se of 25 years, be is again
convicted of a similar crime.
EXTRAORDINARY CASII.--Mrs. Mary Jane Scott. the
lady who was on trial, in Dublin, during the en ire of the
week be fore last, and who was acquitted upon an indict-
ment charging het with marrying Anthony Galway, in
1828. her former husband, James Carter. being rl ce, was
on Tuesday again placed at the bar, and indicted for mar-
rying Mr. John Binden Scott, of Cahircon, in the county
of Clare, the same Carter being alive. This case, which
is now finally disposed of, is pethaps one of the most ex-
traordinary bigamy cases upon record. It appeared that,
in the year. 1813, Mrs.. Scott married a. pirson named
James Carter, in Letter kenney, in the county el Donegal;
in the year .1821 married a Mr. Anthony Galway, Carter
being then alive ; and in the year 1833 married Mr.
Scott, both Carter and Galway being alive. Shortly after
the last marriage she was indicted for marring Scott,
Galway being then alive, and was then acquitted, by prov-
ing that Carter was, in point of fact, lning ; and on Sa-
turday she was again acquitted upon an indictment charg-
ing her with marrying Galway. Carter being alive, by
proving the illegality Or Carter's marriage, it having been
celebrated by a Presbyterian cle gyrnan, arid one of the
parties being an Episcopalian Protestant. The ca-e came
before the court upon an application for a postponement
of the trial until nest commission. on behalf of the prose-
cution. but it was opposed by the traverser's counsel, on
the ground that the evidence in bath cases as to religion
was similar, and that the case should not be postponed to
enable parties to obtain evidence which. they bad years to
collect. The Court was in favour of the objection, and
accordingly the traverser was arraigned in the usual form,
and acquitted for the third and last time, no evidence hav-
ing been offered for the prosecution. The acquittal was
grounded upon the law in the celebrated Presbyterian
marriage case of "the Queen a. Mills," which was de.
aded by the House of Lords a couple of years since, and
upon which the late Irish Marriage Act was passed.
AFFAIR OF HONOUR IN DUBLIN.—Mr. Butt, the
counsel in the extraordinary trial of Mrs. Scott, for
bigamy, which is noticed in another column, has been
challenged to a hostile meeting by Mr. Jackson, an
attorney, who considered himself insulted by some ex-
pressions used respecting himself, in Mr. Butt's speech.
Mr. Butt, however, has declined the meeting, on the
ground of professional privilege, and that he was
ut
onlyr
discharging his professional duty. To-day, the C
•
of Queen's Bench will be moved for a conchtional order
to fill a criminal information against Mr. Jackson.

et tita:

Intended to sail on the 15th May.
For HONG KONG and WHAMPOA,
Ain The Ship JOHN O' AUNT,
Jour; MAcnoN , Commander.
For freight or pass , aving spacious accommoda-
tion, apply to Messrs. Gt. TONE and Co., or
.1. J. STARKEY.

Warranted first vessel, and will sail immediately, full or not
full, with whatever goods may offer.
For HONG KONG and SHANGHAE,
(Both or either, at the option of the consignees of
/Amu the goods,)
-zl,±l The beautiful Greenock-built Ship SCOTLAND,
ROBERT PAUL ander,
(Who is well ac nted with the trade;)
A 1 for twelve years; 366 ; coppered, and sails very fast,
and will be found in eve respect a very first-rate conveyance
both for goods and passengers.—For terms of freight or passage
apply on board, in the Prince's Dock, or to
W. and J. TYRER.