The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1838-12-21 00:00:00

REMOVING TO 48, BOLD-STREET.

THE splendid STOCK of SHAWLS and CLOAKS
SELLING OFF
AT THE SHAWL COMPANY'S ESTABLISHMENT,
110, BOLD-STREET,
PREPARATORY TO THE REMOVAL.
The whole has undergone a thorough REDUCTION,
And is at the present moment ready for Sale at the altered price .
Upwards of One Thousand Cloaks, commencingat a Guinea.

.1. CRIPPS AND CO.,
110, BOLD-STREET.

IMPERIAL FIRE OFFICE.

THOSE Persons whose Annual Policies are renewable
on the 25th instant, are respectfully informed, that, for
their ow•n security, they should be renewed within fifteen
days from that date.

WALTER CLAR KE, Agent.
High-street, Liverpool, Dec.l7, 1838.

YORKSHIRE
FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY,
ESTABLISHED 1824.
PARTIES having Annual Policies falling due on the
25th December, are respectfully informed that they
should renew the same within fifteen days from that date.

AGENTS.
LATHAM HANMER, Jun.? 1, Dale-street.
FREDERIC LA PAGE,
JOHN ATKINSON, Fenwick-buildings,Fenwick-street.

Inourante Noticto.

COUNTY FIRE OFFICE RETURNS-TWENTY

PER CENT.
NOT ICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, that the above Returns
will be allowed to such Persons as have completed
Seven Years' Insurance during the last year, in their next
payments to us of Premium and Duty.
WILLIAM FORSHAW, Agent at Liverpool.
Thomas Bolton, „ Blackburn.
lgdaliah Seddon,
rr Bolton.'
Thomas Rawsthorne, 2, Lancaster.
George Woollam, UP Manchester.
E. Bamford,
,r, Oldham.
R. Benson, jun., „ Preston.
H. H. Fishwick, Of Rochdale.
Woodcock and Part, „ Wigan.

THE MANCHESTER ASSURANCE COMPANY,
For Assurance against Fire, and on Lives and Survivorship:,
Purchase of Annuities, Reversions, Bc.
OFFICE, 98, KING-STREET, MANCHESTER,
CAPITAL—TWO MILLIONS.
Established March, 1824.
FIRE DEPARTMENT.
THE Assured are entitled to one-third of the Profits
without any liability on their part to the losses.
Parties intending to continue their Policies, falling due at
CHRISTMAS, must renew them within fifteen days from that
time, or they will become void.
LIFE DEPARTMENT.
The Assured are entitled to two-thirds of the Profits, with-
out any liability on their part to the losses.
The Premiums charged are lower than those of the ma-
jority of other Offices.
The business of the Life Department is kept quite.distinct
from that of Fire, and its accumulations are not liable to
make good any losses arising therefrom.
The Rates of Premiums, and all other particulars, may be
obtained on application to Mr. JOSEPH MORTON, Secretary,
or to any of the Company's Agents.
RICHARD DAWSON, Agent for Liverpool.
N.B. Agents have already been appointed in most of the
principal towns in the kingdom ; but applications for Agen-
cies in places where appointments have not yet been made,
are requested to be addressed to the Secretary.

BONUS.
It is directed by the Deed of Settlement of this Company,
that, within six calendar months after the 25th March, 1839,
the Board of Directors shall cause an account to be taken of
the profits in the FIRE DEPARTMENT, and shall cause
ONE-THIRD of so much of the profits as may with safety be
taken for the purpose, to be appropriated as a BONUS to all
persons who shall then have been assured against Loss by
FIRE for the last two years, or more, of the five years pre-
vious thereto, whether by the same annual Policies or by a
continued succession of annual Policies.
An account of the Profits in the LIFE DEPARTMENT
will also be taken at the same time, TWO-THIRDS of which
will be apportioned as a BONUS amongst holders of Life Po-
licies of four years standing.

ROYAL EXCHANGE ASSURANCE OF HOUSES
AND GOODS FROM FIRE,
21, LOMBARD-S TREET, LONDON,
Established by Royal Charter, in the Reign of George the First,
For Assuring Houses, Buildings, Goods, Farming Stock,
&c. from Loss or Damage by Fire; and also for the
Assurance of and granting Annuities on Lives.
t 11HE Insurance Duty of Three Shillings per Cent. on
1 FARMING STOCK having been repealed by an Act of
3rd and 4th William IV, the Company's Agents are autho-
rised to accept New Insurances, and also the Renewal of ex-
isting Policies on "Agricultural Produce, Farming Stock, and
Implements of Husbandry," at a Premium of Two Shillings
per Cent., without the average clause.
Persons whose Annual Premiums fall due on the 25th
instant are hereby informed that Receipts are now ready to
be delivered by the Company's Agents; and the parties
assured are requested to apply for the renewal of their Poli-
cies on or before the 9th of January next, as the usual Fif-
teen Days allowed for Payment beyond the date of each Po-
licy will then expire.
Sir JOHN WAI. LUBBOCK, Bart. Governor.
THOMAS TOOKE, Esq., Sub-Governor.
BARTHOLOMEW JEFFREY, Esq., Deputy-Governor.
DIRECTORS.
Henry Bainbridge, Esq. The Hon. J. T. L. Melville.
George P. Barclay, Esq. Henry Nelson, Esq.
Edmund S. P. Calvert, Esq. Edward H. Palmer, Esq.
Wm. Brown, Esq. Thomas Pounder, Esq.
John Deacon, Esq. Abraham G. Roberts, Esq.
John Ede, Esq. Charles Robinson, Esq.
James Gibson, Esq. William Sampson, Esq.
Wm. Tetlow Hibbert, Esq. Sir Samuel Scott, Bart.
Lancelot Holland, Esq. William Soltan, Esq.
G. G. de IL Larpent, Esq. Robert Thorley, Esq.
John Chris. Lochner, Esq. John Fam Timms, Esq .
Charles John Manning, Esq. Octavius Wigram, Esq.
All Business relative to Fire and Life Insurance is trans-
acted for this Corporation, in Liverpool and parts adjacent,
at the Offices of Mr. JOHN PARK, 17, Tithebarn-street, and
of Mr. W. WALLACE CURRIE, top of Water-street, of whom
printed proposals and particular information may be had.
The Agents for the county of Lancaster are—
Ashton-under-Lyne. David Tinker.
Blackburn James Gillies.
Bolton Robert Barlow and Son.
Burnley Lord Massey.
Bury William Benson.
Charley Timothy Lightoller.
Kirkham Richard Hodson.
Lancaster
S Liverpool
W. W. Currie.
Manchester J Williamson.
Oldham John Ashcroft.
Preston William-Taylor.
Rochdale
Warrington J Haddock.
Wigan James Newsham and Son..
The Agents for the county of Chester are—
Chester William Worrall.
Congleton Daniel Morris. •
Macclesfield
Nant.vich Thomas Derremer.
Northwicb Thomas Rigby.
Sandbach Richard Eachus.
Stockport Joseph Barrow Parkinson.
County of 1 restmoreland— '
Kendal Joseph Garnett.
SAAIL. FINNING, Secretary.
P.S.—ln consequence of the destruction of the Royal Ex-
change by. Fire, the business of the Company, in all its
branches, is carried on at their New Premises, N 0.21, Lom-
bard-street, till their Offices on the Royal Exchange ere
re-built.
December, 1838.

VEGETABLE WEATIIER-PROPHET.—The attention of Sci-
entific men is just now directed to a curious discovery of
Prof. Stiefel—well known tlaroughout•Germany for his N;tu-
ral Science—the result of which has been the attainment of
a more accurate knowledge of those changes to which the
atmosphere is subjected, than was possible by the old method.
The instruments hitherto in use have been the thermometer
and the barometer, but an unerring standard has been con-
sidered a desideratum; that is said to have been at last sup-
plied in the shape of Geranium fruit, the awns of which are
in and evolved by the dryness or humidity of the atmosphere,
in obedience to laws so regular and unvarying, that being
fixed upon a dial-plate properly graduated, the change from
one part of the room to another may be noted with the great-
est accuracy. A paper on the subject was to be read at the
meeting of German naturalists, held this year at Freybur g
Prof. Stiefel is the greatest weather-doctor in southern Ger
many, and has fur many years tabulated the changes in th -
atmosphere, according to a plan suggested by Goethe ; but
he does not venture to predict for more than twenty-four
hours at a time, and laughs at our weather-prophets. By
observation, he says one may get the rule, but not the excep-
tion.
LACE MADE BY CATERPILLARS.—An extraordinary spe
cies of manufacture has been contrived by an officer of engi-
neers residing at Munich. It consists of lace and veils, with
open patterns in them, made entirely by caterpillars. The
following is the mode of proceeding adopted :—l-laving made
a paste of the leaves of the plant on which the species of ca-
terpillar he employs feeds, he spreads it thinly over a stone,
or other flat substance of the required size. He then, with a
camel-hair pencil dipped in olive-oil, draws the pattern be
wishes the insects to leave open. This stone is then placed
in an inclined position, and a considerable number of the ca-
terpillars are placed at the bottom. A peculiar species is
chosen, which spins a strong web; and the animals commence
at the bottom eating and spinning their way up to the top,
carefully avoiding every part touched by the oil, but devour-
ing every other part of the paste. The extreme lightness of
these veils, combined with some strength, is truly surprising.
One of them, measuring 261 by 17 inches, weighed only a
grain and a half, a degree of lightness which will appear more
strongly by contrast with other fabrics. One square yard of
the substance of which these veils are made weighs 41 grains,
whilst one square yard of silk gauze weighs 137 1-3rd grains;
and one square yard of the finest net weighs 2622 grains.
THE BUSH-RorE.—A vine, called by the wood-cutters the
bush-rope, on account of its use in hauling out the heaviest
timber, has a singular appearance in the forests of Demerara.
Sometimes you see it nearly as thick as a man's body, twisted
like a cork-screw round the tallest trees, and rearing its
head above their tops. At other times, three or four of them,
like strands in a cable, join tree and tree, and branch and
branch together. Others, descending from on high, take
root as soon as their extremity touches the ground, and ap-
pear like shrouds and stays, supporting the mainmast of a
line of battleship; while others, seeding out parallel, oblique,
horizontal, and perpendicular shoots, in all directions, put
you in mind of what travellers call a matted forest. Often-
times a tree, above a hundred feet in height, uprooted by the
whirlwind, is stopped in its fall by these amazing cables of
nature; and hence it is that you account for the phnomenon
of seeing trees, not only vegetating,. but sending forth vino
rous shoots, though far from their perpendicular, and their-
trunks inclined to every degree from the meridian to the ho-
rizon. Their head.emain firmly supported by the bush-
rope; many of their roots soon refix themselves in the earth,
and frequently a strong shoot will sprout out perpendicularly
from near the root of the reclined trunk, and in time become
a fine tree.—{f aterton's IVanderings in South America.
WAVERLEY ANCSCRIPTS.—We lately had the pleasare
of looking over the original
,manuscripts of the Waverley
Novels, which have been repurchased from various parties,
and are now in the safe keeping of Mr. Cadell, publisher,
Edinburgh. They form a long file of quarto volumes, hand-
somely bound in Russia leather. They are accompanied by
the original manuscripts of the " Lady of the Lake," and
some other of the poems. So vast a series of original com-
positions—full of brilliant creative genius—has certainly
not issued from one man's brain since Shakspeare threw oil;
successively, his thirty-seven plays, apparently with the
same ease that a tree resigns its leaves to the wind, Sir
Walter Scott wrote a careless, but free and regular hand.
His novels are written on large quarto post paper, on one
side only, (as authors generally do for the accommodation of
the printer,) and each page is crammed from tcp to bottom,
and side to side. Leaf follows leaf, througa quires and
reams of paper, with only a slight verbal correction or inter-
lineation here and there! His intellect seems at once to
have embodied itself in suitable language, and he poured
out himself on paper with the same facility that a man en-
gages in conversation, or pens an ordinarY letter. Sir Waly
ter, it is known, read over and revised the whole of eas
novels, preparatory to their republication in their latest
form, in monthly volumes. For this Purpose he had a copy
.of each work interleaved: and this goodly array of volumes is
also in the possession of Mr. Cadell. Sir. Walter appears to
have bestowed considerable pains on this last duty to his
numerous offspring : he altered words, improved the phraseo-
logy, corrected his quotations, and occasionally heightened
and improved the dialogue. Some of the smaller fry of
critics used to ridicule the author of Waverley for his Scot-
ticisms—such as saving that one man inquired at another,
instead of inquiring of him, Sir Walter made the only
sensible use of these criticisms : he quietly drew his pen
through the "at" and substituted "of." No Scottish author,
with the single exception, perhaps, of Dr. Beattie, ever fairly
got rid of these little peculiarities of style and expression
which betray his origin; but few or none could be more in-
different about the matter than Sir Walter Scott. He looked
to the general effect---to the grouping of incidents—and to
the delineation of character and passion, leaving' the lan-
guage to shift for itself. The world was content to take the
words as they came. The press was always calling to him for
manuscript; and the prospect of a new wing to Abbotsford,
or the payment of another thousand pounds, spurred him on
in his almost superhuman career. Alas ! that he should
have taxed himself beyond the strength and endurance of
frail humanity ! We may add, that the Waverley Manu-
scripts are kept in a tine Gothic cabinet of oak, which Mr.
Cadell has had made for that purpose; and, if no accident
intervene, future ages will, undoubtedly, look upon this ark
Of genius with wonder and delight.—inverneu Courier.