The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-11-29 00:00:00

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FRANCE.—AII the Russian residents in Paris have
received orders from St. Petersburgh to settle their affairs,
and to hold themselves in readiness to leave France at any
moment, should it become necessary for them to do so.
Several political arrests, some say as many as 18, have
lately been made at Dijon.—At Perigueux inflammatory
placards have been posted.—At Gasny, (Eure) laskweek,
four seditious placards were torn down by the police. One
of them was in verse, and proclaimed the sovereignty of
the Capets.--Great complaints are made at Lyons that the
Emperor's image is habitually defaced upon the copper
coinage, and it is probable that a decree will be issued,
declaring defaced money not a legal tender.—On Monday
the Cour de Cassation met iu full session, and gave judg-
ment in the proces of the "correspondence." It has
affirmed the right of the police to open letters at the post-
office. As this is the judgment of the united court, there
is no further appeal. Commissioners have been appointed
by the Minister of Agriculture, Commerce, and Public
Works to prepare a report on the best mode of establish-
ing regularity and security in railway travelling.—Letters
from Vienna state that, during the interview which the
Duke of Nemours had at Frohsdorf with the Count de
Chambord, he treated him not only as a cousin, but as his
Sovereign ; and, in addressing him, made use of the
words " Sire," and " Roi." On seeing about him the
chiefs of the legitimist party who have not quitted the
Count de Chambord since 1830, the Duke de Nemours
observed that he was too happy to see him surrounded by
personages who had proved their devotedness and fidelity
to the royal house of France. The Duchess of Orleans is
said to have given her adhesion to the fusion. If this be
the fact, her adviser, M. niers, is thrown overboard, and
his rival has gained the day.
• SPATN.—Accounts from Madrid of the 17th inst. state
that the bureau of the assembly will, in all probability, be
composed of the same members as last session. In the
senate the majority was doubtful, but the railway question
was considered likely to produce stormy debates. It was
believed that the session would be of short duration. The
ex-Queen of the French, Mario Amelie, landed at Cadiz
on the 13th, with the Princes, her sons.
On the 19th the session of the Cortes was opened by a
royal commission. It is confidently stated that, in the last
council of ministers, it was decided to withdraw all pro-
jects for alterations of the constitution.
The Heraldo of the 17th contradicts the rumours re-
specting a projected Montemolinist movement. It also
states that the Spanish fleet is to be stationed at the Bale-
aric Isles.

of the regency of these kingdoms, and, in conformity to
the said constitutional charter, I swear to maintain the
Roman Catholic apostolic religion, the integrity of the
kingdom, and to observe and cause to be observed the
political constitution of the Portuguese nation and other
laws of the kingdom, and provide for the general good of
the nation to the utmost of my power. I also swear to
preserve fidelity to the King, Lord Dom Pedro VIII., my
above all much loved and hit,hly prized son, and to resign
the government to him immediately on his attaining his
majority."
The Gov ernment istriumphing in the municipal elections.
BADEN.—The government measures against the refrac-
tory Roman clergy have led to deplorable riots. The
gendarmes, who were ordered to arrest several priests,
were attacked by the peasantry in the Timber Valley. In
other places the priests were rescued by the populace.
AUSTRIA.—The Press states that the Austrian govern-
ment has appealed to her Majesty's government to make
with it, as a service to Russia, who does not herself choose
to originate the suggestion, a joint proposition for an
armistice between the Turkish and Russian forces during
the winter.
RUSSIA.—It is said that the Czar, in reply to an inquiry
of Austria, has stated that he is still willing to enter into
negociations, if the. Porte will submit a project of peace.
The Grand Duke Michael has been appointed to the com-
mand of the Russian army of reserve. This army, it is
said, is to be directed upon the Caucasus. A Russian
bulletin, dated the 11th instant, has been published. It
states that the Turks, who, on the Bth, occupied the island
of Mokan, near Giurgevo, evacuated that position on the
9th, because they were smashed (fbudroyes) by a Russian
battery of 14 pieces. -----

TURKEY.
Advices from Bucharest of the 21st state that the Turks
have quitted the island near Oltenitza, and retired to
Turtukai. Their camp there during the last five days has
been almost deserted.

General Danncnberg, in consequence, left Budeschti on
the 22d with the chief part of his force, leaving 1206 men
and eight cannon behind.

CONSTANTINOPLE, Nov. 10.

The Turkish capital is in a state of joyful excitement.
A bulletin has been published, announcing that, on the 4th
inst., Omar Pasha defeated the Russians at Oltenitza. On
that day the Russian general. led 30,000 men against the
position which the Turks had taken up on the 2d and the
3d on the left bank of the Danube. The combat lasted
six hours. The Russians were routed, and left a large
number of muskets and large quantities of ammunition
on the field of battle. 800 Russians were killed in the .en-
gagement, while the Turks had only 13 killed and 72
wounded.

--
On the 10th instant all the vessels of the fleets of Great
Britain and France were concentrated in the Bosphorus.
A fresh division of the Turkish fleet was to enter the
Black Sea, where several Russian vessels had been ob-
served sailing for the coast of Asia.
The firm of Baltazzi has advanced the sum of 7,000,000 f.
to the Porte. The loan is guaranteed by the tribute from
Egypt.
The British steamer Fury, which arrived on the 7th,
has brought another draught of a note, which the Am-
bassadors of France and Great Britain are instructed to
recommend to the acceptance of Turkey ; but, since the
Porte did not seem inclined to accept. the draught, it has
been withdrawn by Lord Redcliffe.
The fortress of Isaktscki has not been destroyed by fire.
The Turks are throwing up new. entrenchments.
The Hermannstadt Journal says :—" A highly credible
letter of the 11th, from Jassy, says that the corps of
Osten-Sacken, which uas thirty-five days' march distant
when the order to advance was given, cannot reach the
Pruth before the Ist of December. In Jassy the Rus-
sians openly pressed a number of Jews, who could only
escape the military service by paying a considerable sum.
It is rumoured in the Wallachian capital that the son of
Prince Vogorides, who was married and settled in Bucha-
rest, had been sent in chains to St. Petersburg, as a
consequence of his correspondence with Omer Pacha, in
which the movements of the Russian troops were made
known, having been intercepted. Six Boyards are also
Said to have been sent to Siberia for keeping up a con-
nexion with Omer Pacha."
Wallachian artillery has been sent to Brailow, only one
battery having been there previously. Other Wallachian
troops, horse and foot, await marching orders.
Advices from Constantinople of the 15th instant have
reached Paris via Marseilles. They announce the arrival
of General Baraguay d'Hilliers.
It was asserted that the Austrian internuncio, Baron de
Bruck, and Major Wildenbruck, the Prussian negotiator,
had been recalled.
The second division of the Turkish fleet had entered the
Black Sea, for the purpose of joining Muchaver Pasha's
squadron.
Four hundred vessels are loading corn at Odessa.
A_LBXANDRIA, Nov. 19.
10,000 auxiliaries were yesterday shipped for Constan-
tinople.
The Mahomedans of Hindostan are in a state of great
excitement.

THE BATTLE OF OLTENITZA.
A circumstantial account of the action between the
Russian and Turkish forces, at Oltenitza, has been trans-
mitted by the special military correspondent of the
Morning Chronicle. As the details which have hitherto
reached London had previously been sifted at Russian
head-quarters, the report of an impartial witness will be
acceptable to all. The present despatch, then, dated from
Turtakai, on the 4th and sth instant, describes the action
which occurred on the former of these two days as a very
fiercely contended affair, on both sides ; and, in its result,
as likely to exercise great influence, in a moral point of
view, throughout the whole war. The complete repulse
of the Russians, whose attacks were made with great
energy and skill, must long be memorable to the Turkish
troops, who will not have been slow, either, to recognise
an omen which the writer alludes to, in a poetical strain,
saying that, had he been superstitious, he should himself
have drawn a good augury from the appearance.
"Early this morning (he observes) the moon, a new one,
rose, accompanied by the morning star. * * * * It
reminded one of the Turkish standard—red field, with a
crescent and star in it, as you know."
After describing the Turkish entrenchment, the works
of which had been prosecuted vigorously on the preceding
day, the writer states that at one o'clock, p.m., on the
4th, the Russians commenced their attack. The Cossacks
first advanced, being covered by the Chasseurs.
A few shots were interchanged, and by 2 p.m., four
squadrons of cavalry and two guns debouched from the
village of Oltenitza, with about 500 or 600 Cossacks in
skirmishing order. They were making a reconnoisance ;
for as soon as they had received about six or seven shots
from the Turkish artillery in the entrenchment, with a
few from the right bank of the Danube, they retired out
of shot, and remained on the same spot watching the
Turks till nightfall. A second regiment of cavalry, with
two guns, likewise made its appearance by a wood on the
road to Oltenitza, as well as a regiment of infantry-; with
the baggage. On the part of the Turks, a field battery
of artillery, and a number of boat-loads of infantry, were
sent as a reinforcement.

It is remarked, en passant, that the Turkish troopi
have every confidence that things have changed since the
Turks drew the sword to make conquests. Their im-
proved efficiency and the talent of the general who com-
mands them, are felt more strongly every day. Writing
later, on the night of the 4th, than the foregoing appears
to have been committed to paper, the witness of these
events proceeds with his narrative, or rather re-states it,
as follows :

Trade at. Bombay is dull.
Exchange at Calcutta on London, 2s. lid.
Shanghae is still in possesSionof the insurgents.

AMERICA.
ARRIVAL OF TDB AFRICA.

This day, (Nov. 4,) I hope will be memorable, as on it 1
was fought as gallant an action as history can record. I,
During the morning not a soldier of the Russian force
was to be seen. The whole country was scanned by eager
eyes straining themselves through every imaginable species
of telescope, bionocle, jumelle, &c. They, however, failed '
in detecting aught but an empty village, and an open I
plain. Later a cavalry picket was discovered, which led
people to suppose that they were not quite alone—a sup-
position most fully realised afterwards ; for at about
twelve, or half-past, the Russians gradually led out their .
forces on the plain. Twelve guns were placed as a battery
of position, at about 1,200 or 1,300 yards from the quaran-
tine station. Two bodies of infantry—it remains to be
known whether they were regiments or battalions—placed
themselves under cover in a wood on the right of the
guns—their right. On their left rear were two more
bodies of infantry, and on their left two more. It is
doubtful, as has been said, whether these were regiments
of three battalions, the usual continental organization, or
simply single battalions ; and on this fact rests the possi-
bility of forming an estimate of their force. In the former
case the infantry would amount to 10,800 men—a number,
-it is imagined, far too great ; and in the latter to 3,600
a number far too little. This calculation takes a battalion
of 600 each. But supposing them to be of 1,000 each, it
would give 6,000 men, which is not an improbable number.
On the Russian left were three regiments of cavalry •
echelloned out of range, each having two guns. There
was likewise a body of Cossacks, to the amount perhaps of
600. The batteries were worked by Kane 300 gunnel's,
giving a total of—at the medium calculation of the infan-
try-8,900 men upon the field.
The Turks, if their report is to be trusted, had in the
intreuchments three battalions and two companies,
amounting to 2,400 men ; and the gunners, 150, and the
irregular cavalry as many more-2,700 men.
On looking at the above numbers, with the recollection
of the troops as they were in the field, the Russian force
appears undervalued. Be that as it may, at one, p.m.,
the Russian artillery opened its fire, and was replied to
by the guns of the intrenchment, the guns of the battery
at the eastern end of the intrenchment before described,
and by the guns on the right bank of the river. The can-
nonade was kept up most vigorously on either side. The
Russians had their battery of position accurately es-
paced, each gun being placed at an equal distance
from its fellow,—the fruits of good drilling. lheir
' practice, as far as could be judged from this bank of
the river, was most excellent, their shells bursting beauti-
fully. They opened at a long distance, it is true ; but the
guns were no pop-guns to gallop with cavalry, but twelve-
pounders, such as are usually employed in similar circiun
stances. The remainder of the artillery appeared to
consist in the cavalry guns, or horse artillery, but attached
in pairs to regiments of cavalry, as was formerly the case
in most European armies. Two of these guns took up as
flanking a position as the Argisch river would permit
them, but could not have caused much damage as enfila-
ders. On the Turkish right the other four guns opened
on the entrenchment. At 2 10 p.m., the Russian artillery
exploded one of the Turkish ammunition-waggons, or
limber-boxes. At 2 15 pop. the infantry made their ap-
pearance from the Turkish left, emerging from under
cover of the wood, which they had most judiciously occu-
pied. This attack was seconded by the advance of the
infantry on the (Turkish) right of the battery of position,
and by the other regiments from the village. The chief
attack, the serious one rather, being on the left flank of
the entrenchment where it met the river—the only portion
not properly completed. Their advance was steady ; the
Turks plied the firelock vigorously, and after the enemy
had got up to perhaps fifty yards, they turned, and beat a
retreat to their snug little quarters in the wood. They
must have been very severely handled, as they were close
under the muzzles of the musketry, whose every bullet
surely found its billet. Just as they advanced, a second
and a similar explosion took place in the entrenchment—
sadly inopportune, as was doubtless thought by the Turks.
'l'he Russian artillery redoubled its fire, and the cannonade
1 recommenced fiercely. It should have been stated that
, the battery of position had come up to about 650 yards,
their shot reaching occasionally to the hitherward side of
the Danube, AWat 3,10 NaL, a second Attack of infantry

PORTITGAL.—The City of London :embarked at Cadiz
the Prince and Princess de Joinville and suite for Lisbon,
and on arrival at that port the Princess dreamt of the
death of her royal sister having occurred but a few hours
before. The royal party were subsequently escorted to
the house of the Duchess of Braganza.
The King Consort had assumed the regency, and had
issued the following proclamation :—" Portuguese,—God
has been pleased to call to his glory to-day, at half-past
eleven o'clock in the forenoon, the Queen Lady Donna
Maria the Second, my much-loved and highly-prized
spouse—a severe loss, which plunges me and my dear
children in the deepest grief, and fills the sensitive and
faithful Portuguese nation with mourning. In these sor-
rowful circumstances, obliged to fulfil those sacred duties
imposed upon me by the law of the 7th of April, 1848,
confirmed by the additional act to the constitutional char-
kr of the monarchy, I take upon !Apia the ezerciae

TIIE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, AND GENERAL COMMERCIAL ADVERTISER

was launched at the unfortunate little. entrenchment,
encompassed on three sides, as it appeared, by its enemies.
Skirmishers were duly thrown out, and on a close approach
were recalled. Be' it understood that the infantry ad-
vanced in columns on -both occasions close on quarter-
distance—very ridiculously, it is thought, though of
course the world must bow to the superior knowledge and
experience of such a military nation as Russia. The
columns had, not advanced many paces when they
appeared overwhelmed with the. infantry fire of the
entrenchment, and the artillery fire of a battery on the
right bank. They were thrown into the most complete
disorder, and retired utterly discomfited. Again their
artillery opened, and drove tunnels into the entrench-
ment, and continued firing for half an hour. On
the retreat.of the infantw, through the glass their dead
could be seen in numbers strewing the ground. There
could be no mistake about it, as there were hundreds of
pairs of eyes that saw them, with or without the assist-
ance of the telescope. A hearty cheer from the entrench-
ments gave vent to the good spirits of its gallant defenders.
It was echoed by one from this side by the united voices
of the chief's staff and posse comitatui. The Turkish
force was commanded by Hall Pacha, as lieutenant-colonel
in the service, who, upon his presenting himself to Omer
Pacha, was made a full colonel. One of General Prim's
aides-de-camp, Colonel Detente, was present in the action,
and escaped unhurt. The commander received a slight
wound in the hand. The report of the killed on the
Turkish side is only 20 ; but this was an hour or two after
the action, and many who were then simply wounded,
have since, poor fellows, left this scene of trouble.
This morning (sth) it is stated that 1000 stand of arms
have been taken. One half of the; 11th division of the
corps d'armee contains• the 21st Selimginski and 22nd
Takut : they have four battalions, each active. The num-
bers in the calculations above are therefore beloii the
reality: •
INDIA. '

The India mail has arrived at Alexandria, with dates
from Calcutta to Oct. 20, Madras, Oct. 24, Ceylon, Oct. 29,
Hong Kong, Oct. 11, Singapore, Oct. 18, Penang, Oct. 20,
Bombay, Oct. 2S, and Burmah, Oct. S.
'Another war is fully expected at Burmah. There is a
strong report that the King of Burmah has been put to
death.

More fighting has taken. place in the Nizam's dominions.
Mr. J. R. Colvin is appointed Governor of the North-
western Provinces.

At Amoy there is still some fighting between the Go-
vernment troops and the rebels.
The country round Ningpo is in a very disturbed state.
Canton is at present quiet.
Exchange at Hong Kong on London, ss. 6d.; trade
brisk.

The exportation of grain from Egypt is still permitted.

By the British and North American royal mail steam-
ship Africa, Captain Harrison, which reached the Mersey
at half-past eleven on Sunday night, we have intelligence
from New York to the 16th instant. She has brought
home 74 passengers, and 500,000 dollars in specie.
The American steam-ship Baltic, from Liverpool, arrived
out at New York on the 14th instant, at 11.45, a.m.
The Africa passed the steamer Arabia, from Liverpool,
going into New York on the 16th.
The American mails from Boston were not delivered in
New York until Monday the 14th, late in the afternoon.
The delay was caused—first by the boistrous weather,
and then by an accident on the railway, which prolonged
the delay twelve hours. In consequence, the maiis which
left here by the Baltic, four days after the America sailed,
were delivered in New York first.

on speculation, and 580 in transitu. The sales the whole
of last week were 8,095 bales, of which 3,272 were for
export, 3,604 for home use, 900 on speculation, and 319 in
transitu. We quote :
NEW YORK CLASSIFICATION. N.Orteans
Uplaud. Florida. Mol)ile. & Texas.
Ordinsry 7l .... 71 .... 71 .... 71
Middling lO .... 10 .... • 104 .... 10i
Middling fair ll .... 11 .... 114 .... 114
Fair

Total import since Ist instant 13,891 bales."
Export from lit to 15th Nov. 1853, 8,203; 1832, 10,785.
RECEIPTS, EXPORTS, AND STOCKS OF COTTON.'
Exports to Total Exports Stock, and
Receipts. Gt. Britain. to For. ports. on ship b'd
1853 288,649 85,267 117,234 ' 213,673
1852 528,349 159,629 207,978 302,366
Increase —
Decrease . 239,700 71,362 90,644 83,693

From TV. P. Wright's Circular of November 15.—
The quality of the new crop, so far received from the
Atlantic States, is decidedly inferior in colour, staple, or
cleanliness to that of the last, and with a greater propor-
tion of quality below middling. I hear the same corn-
_ plaint from Charleston and Savannah, as well as the inte-
rior towns of South Carolina and Georgia. There has been
too little cotton received here from the Gulf ports to form
an opinion from actual observation, but letters from Mo-
bile and New Orleans make similar complaints of the re-.
ceipts at those points, although hopes are entertained that,
when the last pickings arrive, a manifest improvement
will exist. In regard to the crop, I confirm my remarks
in my last circular. We have no accounts as yet of frost
having passed over the south-western cotton region, nor
has any injury been done in Southern Alabama, Florida,
or Louisiana. In portions of Mississippi, Tennessee,
North Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina, the frost of
24th October has done more or less injury, according to
situation, and it seems not improbable that the production
of these localities may fall below that of last year.
SALT.—Sales have been made of 400 sacks Bromilow's
Liverpool fine at $1,50 cash, and 10,910 do. ground and
fine, on private terms.
COAL.-45 tons Liverpool cannel havebeen sold at $12,50,
four months. Cumberland is in active demand at -$3,75
for fine, and $4 for run of mine, and $4,35 cash, delivered
at Baltimore.

The Hon: Mr. Atherton, United States senator, and
confidential friend of President Pierce, died at 31anches-
ter, N.H., on the 15th instant.
The Liverpool packet ship Western World, reported
some time since as having gone ashore on the Squaw
Beach, had broken up. Her decks drifted ashore, all
broken .to pieces, many of which were wrapped around
with dry goods, which composed a part of the cargo. Her
bottom, with a considerable amount of iron in it, is out
of sight under water.
The Boston packet ship Meridian had arrived at that
port from Liverpool in 35 days, with upwards of 500
passengers to train and Co., all in good health, and not
a death on the passage.

Inorr. -Scotch pig has been in good demand, and some
1,200 to 1,400 tons have changed hands, chiefly at ,••;36,50
to $37, 6 mos., and in some instances $32,50 to $34,50,
cash. We quote English bars $65, and common Swedes
$83,50 to $B4. 150 Ms, English sheet, assorted numbers,
brought 54c., 6 mos.
BuEADST UFFS.-For flour there was an extensive de-
mand till near the close of last week at an advance of fully
124 c. per barrel on the quotations of the Bth instant. The
receipts on Friday of the telegraphic advices per steamer
America, via Halifax, to the 20th ult., received on Friday,
gave a further slight impulse to the demand, but, since the
arrival of the Baltic, yesterday morning, the turn of the
market has been in favour of the buyer, although we do
not quote any actual decline from the advanced rates of
last week. 'Wheat is without chauge-iii price, but prime
qualities are scarce. Indian corn has been in good de-
mand, part for export.
Pnovzsiorrs.-With increased receipts and a moderate
demand, western mess and prime pork declined 25c. to 374 c.„
but there was more doing at the decline, the market closing
heavily ; other descriptions are scarce. Beef has continued
in active request. Lard is plenty and lower. Butter is
arriving freely. Cheese continues dull.
FREIGHTS.-Freights to Great Britain and the Con-
tinent are scarcely so firm since the arrival of the Baltic,
though rates have not varied materially. Shipowners and
agents are unwilling to submit to a decline so long as the
offers continue so large, and the tonnage in port so small as
at present. To Liverpool the rates are, for cotton,' 1 3-6 d. to
4d. per lb. ' • flour, 3s. 6d. per barrel ; grain, 12d. to 13d.
per bushel. To London, flour, 4s. 9d. per barrel ; grain,
in bulk, 15d. to 16d. per bushel. To 'Havre; cotton, id.
per lb. ; flour, 95c-. to 100 c. per barrel ; grain, in bags, 25c.
per bushel.
CHARLESTON, Nov. 13.-The sales of cotton yesterday
were 350 bales. The quotations range froM Bic. to 104 c.
• MOBILE, Nov. 11.-Middling is quoted 81e. per lb.,
with a quiet market. Freight to Liverpool id., and to
Havre 11c. per lb..
NEW ORLEANS, Nov. 16.-Cotton was very active yes-
terday. Sales 9,000• bales, at an advance of 4d. on the
better qualities. The quotations are, middling, 9c. to
94c. ; good middling; Vic. to 10c. Freight to Liverpool, id.
to ld. per lb.
HAVANA, Nov. a-Sugar was quiet • and unchanged.
The stock in Regla warehouses was 99,850 boxes, and in
private warehouses 8,000. The clearances of the week at
Havana .and Matanzas were 6,887 boxes. Freights are
more numerous, and engagenients to Cowes were made at
£3 to £3 2s. 6d. ; and. to the Continent £3 6s. to £3 7s. 6d. ;
to France, 801 r. to 85er.. Exchange on London were 114
to 12 premium.

The American Union, from Liverpool, arrived out at
New York on the 15th instant, with the loss of seventy-
five passengers and five of the crew from cholera. The
Centurion, also from Liverpool, lost thirteen of her pas-
a,,ongers ; and the Statesman, from Antwerp, twenty-five.
A severe hurricane had occasioned some loss of life and
damage to property. Yellow fever had again appeared at
Natchez with fatal effect. An American horse had, for a
wager, trotted one hundred miles in 8 hours, 55 minutes,
and 63 seconds ; although the horse did not at the finish
appear greatly distressed, it afterwards died. Captain
Comstock, of the Baltic, had been presented with a testi-
monial by his passengers.—The 'Washington corres-
pondent of the New York Herald asserts, that the state-
ment that the Secretary of the Treasury will recommend.
in his report a reduction of the duty on iron is incorrect.
No reduction of the duty on that article is now contem-
nlatectin that class denominated railroad iron, and even
then it is probable that the administration will not seek
to guide the action of
.congress. The secretary will not
recommend a change in the existing system of collecting
the revenue' from ad valorem to special duties. The fea-
tures of his -report will briefly be an enlargement of the
list of " free articles," and a recommendation to continue
the buying up of United States stocks at a premium, and
a patronising slap on the back to the independent Treasury
law. The secretary will also endeavour to demonstrate
that his purchase in New York for an assays-office
has saved the government a large amount.. Respecting
the forthcoming message, the correspondent writes,—" It
is understood the President, in his message, will come
out pretty definitely upon the subject of the Pacific
railroad, and in such a manner as to satisfy the, strictest
constructionist. * * His feelings, the subject of
internal improvements by the general government may
be gathered from the fact that he declares. he sees
no reason now to change the views he formerly held
on that question, and that his votes in Congress at
the time show truly his present position. * * *
The Garay and Tehuantepec grant will be endorsed by
the administration, and the treaty nogotiated by Judge
Conkling, recognizing the Sloo grant, will not be noticed •
in any way, on the ground that there was no authority
given to Conkling to negotiate a treaty, and that the
Sloo grant is a diplomatic fraud to get rid of the Garay
grant. * * The President will recommend
a general system of reciprocal trade with the British pro-
vinces, of all articles the growth and product of each
country, and the admission of fish, duty free, upon our
fishermen being permitted to fish unrestrictedly on the
coasts of Nova Scotia and New Brunssvick. The proposi-
tion of the English government to permit colonial vessels
to obtain American registers will not be opposed, but the
suggestion to throw open the coasting trade of Californiaalifowill be rejected as unconstitutional. A complete revision
of the tariff will, it is confidently stated, be suggested;
and with this view the Secretary of the Treasury is busily
engaged in preparing voluminous data, to show the con-
sumption of the several articles of trade, and will suggest
important modifications in all such articles as come under
the head of necessaries. It is yet doubted whether any
material modifications will be made in the duty on iron ;
but, notwithstanding the most urgent remonstrances of the
manufacturers of railroad iron in the United States, it is
believed a repeal of the duty on that particular article will
be recommended. The Secretary of the Navy will recom-
mend an entire revision of the personnel and materiel of
the navy. Perhaps the most important feature of the mes-
sage
will be its allusion to the position of the Sandwich
Islands and the bold avowal of the importance of their
being annexed to the United States. * * The
Secessionists and the Abolitionists flying off again as they
did in 1850. I understand the President will also make
the affairs of Europe, should they continue to ripen to-
wards a general explosion, a prominent feature of his
message. As far as the opinions of the Cabinet can be
gathered on this Turkish question and its consequences,
you may rely upon it that the administration understand
the advantages a European war will offer in the solution
of the great doctrine of " manifest destiny." Hence, to
some extent, the continued outcry of the Union on the
Africanization of Cuba. notwithstandi a the fact that Mr.
Crampton has officially informed the President that the
charges and fears of Mr. Nicholson concerning the schemes
of Great Britain are utterly groundless.
A new York paper states that the government of Mexico
has granted an important patent act to F. H. Southworth,
in regard to the fisheries on the Mexican coast. Mr. S.,
under an old law, has secured the sole privilege of catch-
ing and curing fish, packing mid shipping oysters, &c., of
which there are immense numbers all along the Mexican
coast. The same paper says, " The newest rumour about
Santa Anna is, that the $260,000 ho has been raising to
pay the interest on the Mexican bonds, held in England,
was furnished by the Pope of home. For the return of
this civility it is affirmed the Mexican President re-esta-
blished the order of the Jesuits."
From Havana we have advices to the Bth. There was
some political excitement in the island. The revolutionary
paper, Vox del Puebla, had been again published. Several
arrests had been made, and rumours of revolt were current.
It is stated that a vessel had appeared off Baracoa, at the
east end of the island, and hoisted what appeared to be a
signal of distress, when, simultaneous with the hoisting of
the signal, the fort was attacked by 70 men on horseback,
who were repulsed. Some prisoners were made, and they
were on their way to Havana when the Isabel sailed. A
British war vessel had arrived at Havana, being the second
within a few days. Mr. Murray, of Philadelphia, fell dead
in the streets of Havana on the 4th instant, supposed from
enlargement of the heart.
Venezuelan advices of the 15th October report that the
new coffee was arriving but slowly in the market, though
the demand for it was considerable. The quotations are
For- that of the -Araua valleys, $l2 to $l3 per quintal, or
100 lbs., shelled; unshelled, from $lO to $10.50. Hides
were quoted at from $l2 to $l3 the quintal, and were
p
abundant, for want of purchasers, Indigo dkiegto wI .
market the English sovereign was quoted at $6,50, and the
was
ithin active
y mon
ey
market mo
demand, but there was none ehain etrshe
United States eagle (gold) at '
$13,37-i- • the English shilling
at 31ic.; and the United States dollar at $1,341.

AUSTRALIA.
ARRIVAL OF THE INDIAN QUEEN.

By the Indian Queen,Captain Mill, belonging to Messrs..
James Baines and Co.'s "Black Ball " line of . Australian
packets which reached this port yesterday, we haVe advises
from Melbourne to the-30th of August.
The Indian Queen has brought about 60 passengers and
38,992 ounces of gold dust on freight, besides a large
amount in the hands of passengers.
The Indian Queen sailed from Port Philip at 1 p.m., on
the 30th of August, after remaining in port for twenty-
three days ; passed Swan Island, Bass's Straits, on the
31st August; the outermost point of New Zealand. on the
15th September;. passed Cape Horn, 6th October; and
the Equator on the Ist Nov. Her greatest day's. running
going out was 311 miles, and coming home for several
days she ran 330 miles per day. She performed the
voyage out and. home in six months and eleven days,
having left Liverpool on the 17th May.
The Melbourne Morning Herald gives the following
as a summary of the• news :—" The price of gold has re-,
mained immoveable throughout the week, notwithstanding
considerable fluctuation in the extent of the supply, which
now invariably falls oft' after the middle of the week. The
export of gold dust and ingots for the week, up to yester-
day, .was confined.to that shipped by the Argo, but to-day,
the Bavaria was to clear out for New York, with some
six or seven thousand ounces. The receipts of specie have
not much exceeded £30,000. In money and banking
affairs we have no changes to note, beyond 'the extension
of demand for draughts on London, which shovh that
other remittances besides gold dust are largely required at
present to meet the increasing bulk of importations. The
United States. also begin to draw off our bullion—the
departure of the first vessel direct for the commercial
capital of that Republic having been announced for to-day,
as referred' to, above. On the other hand, remittances to
the amount of a million, or upwards, will be shortly
flowing into. the colony, from the recent wool sales, and
will restore the balance ►which now turns against us.
The usual weekly return of shipping and imports, ap-
pended hereto, includes eight dayson the present occasion,
owing to. the• return having been made up a day earlier
than usual last week, for transmission to England by the
Argo. The aggregate of the two weeks shows an arrival
of over 4,000 tons of shipping, and about six thousand
passengers. The principal feature in the imports has been
a decline in the receipts of flour, and a large increase in
those of building materials and useful implements, from
Great Britain, America, and other distant ports. These
arrivals, together with the large amount of more- sub-
stantial buildings now in progress in the city, can. hardly
fail to affect, shortly, the enormous rents still demanded
for- small tenements, and promise ultimately to increase
largely the amount of storage, both for wholesale and
retail dealers.

Although a slight appearance of activity has been im-
parted to some branches of the wholesale trade this week
by speculative purchasers, nothing has transpired effec-
tually to stop the downward tendency which the constant
heavy arrivals of goods occasion. The flour trade may, how-
ever, be still excepted fromthis depression, additional firmness
having been evinced in the colonial imports of that article,
which now find a market at the full rates of the town
mills. We have also heard of good barrel flour realizing
nearly the same figure. Bran continues very scarce, and
some importers are asking ss. fid, per bushel. The very
large receipts of oats keep down the price of that corn ;
and for prime English barley 11s. is obtained with diffi-
culty. •
Quotations in the wine trade are considered nominal,
and all descriptions of spirits, except rum, have gone down
lower. Martell's brandy has been sold at 10s. 6d. to 12s.
per gallon. Malt liquors are also lower; a large quantity
of bottled porter (choice brand) has changed hands at 10s.
in the Bay.
In the provision trade there is a further decline in many
articles, particularly English hams and bacon. Tea,
coffee, and sugar maintain previous rates, except English
loaf sugar, which is decidedly lower.
A decline of about 2d. per lb. has been submitted to in
manufactured tobacco.

Timber is ten to twenty per cent. lower, but the prices
are still highly favourable for the importers.
We lately noticed the increased importation of articles
of luxury, as marking our progress onward to a more
settled condition : we have now the gratification to ver-
ceive a constantly increasing import of food for the mind,
in the way of books, pictures, musical instruments, &c.
Another and more matter-of-fact evidence of this progress
is the almost daily announcement of new joint-stock com-
panies for carrying out desirable and practical objects in
that city..
The Cleopatra steamer was to sail from Melbourne on
the Ist of September.
Two of the persons implicated in the recent extensive
gold escort robbery, had been arrested and lodged in gaol
at Portland.

There was a great demand in the labour market, and in
consequence, the rates of wages had slightly advanced
beyond those last reported.
The Government escort from Mclvor and Goulbourn
arrived at the Treasury, on the 26th of August, with its
usual punctuality, bringing down 1,408 ounces of gold.
Last number of certificates, 1,534 ; Goulburn, 17.
The Government escort from Castlemaine, in charge of
Lieut. Messenger, and a troop of the mounted 40th,
arrived at the Treasury, on the same day, with 35,360
ounces. Last numbers : Forest Creek, 10,567 ; Sandhurst,
18,137 ; Eagle Hawk, 85 ; Fryer's Creek, 666 ; Golden
Point, 11; Wederburn, 204 ; Amherst, 74 : Moliagull 89.
Exchange on London for 30 days' bills, was quoted at
par or 1f per cent. discount, for every additional thirty days.

DEVICE OF FRENCII THIEVES.—An elegantly-dressed
gentleman ordered, some time ago, at a hatter's, in Paris,
twenty-five hats of an entirely new form. The maker,
when they were finished, tried one on, and finding that it
became him, made a twenty-sixth for his own personal
use. The individual who had given the order called
punctually for the hats, and paid cheerfully. The next
Sunday, the weather being very fine, the hatter gave his
new head-piece an airing in the Champs Elysees. When
at the Rend Point, he observed several persons adorned
with the coverings he had made. One came up and said,
with a peculiar wink, " A good day for booty, and no
breaks about !" Dear me, thought the hatter, I should
not wonder if I had been making hats to serve as a rally-
ing signal to members of a secret society. Bather con-
cerned he kept on his walk. Under the Arch of Triumph
he saw other individuals sporting other specimens of his
last new style. One came quickly behind him and said—
" Here, put these in your deep : and these, and these."
He handed him three watches with broken chains,
two purses, and five handkerchiefs. The hatter now
saw plainly enough the sort of society with which he was
in league. He hastened to the nearest commissary of
police, and the twenty-five pickpockets were speedily
lodged in gaol.

THE LATE QUEEN OF PORTUGAL.

ON Monday last week was announced, by a telegraphic
despat* from Lisbon, the unexpected intelligence that
Donna Maria da Gloria, Queen of Portugal, died in child-
bed on the 15th instant.

Upon the previous accouchement of her late Majesty,
the faculty greatly feared she could not again surmount
the difficulties and dangers attendant upon her state of
corpulence, but, as she had been all along in perfect
health and spirits, the risk was lost sight of, and the
public were ill-prepared to hear of the Queen's death, at
half-past 11 o'clock on the 15th, before it was known that
she had been ill or in danger. The effect of her Majesty's
melancholy decease was enhanced by her, having been to
the last seen in the midst of the people; no.one appeared
more to enjoy the theatre on Sunday night, and she was'
amusing herself with her children in the palace-gardens
on Monday ; but on Tuesday the Queen was no more.
Her son, Dom Pedro V., was proclaimed King, and his
father, Dom Fernando, installed as regent until he attains
his majority of 18, on the 16th of September, 1855.
Although still young, having been born on the 4th of
April, 1819, only a month before Her Majesty Queen
Victoria, her name belongs to transactions and contests
which have long passed away. Her life, especially in her
earliest years, was singularly agitated and unfortunate;
and the subsequent period of her reign has not responded
to the enthusiastic hopes of the constitutional party which
placed her on the throne. Her political career may be
said to have begun in her infancy, for she was still at Rio
Janeiro, the place of her birth, in 1826, when the death of
King John IV., followed by the renunciation of the Crown
by her father and the proclamation of the constitutional
charter, raised her to the throne, and she was betrothed a
few months afterwards to her uncle, Dom Miguel, then
made Regent of the kingdom. No sooner, however, had
this Prince assumed the reins of Government in the name
of his niece, than he usurped the Crown, and his first act
was to forbid his Sovereign and his bride from landing in
her own dominions. Donna Maria then came to England,
where she was received by George IV. as Queen of Por-
tugal, and the leaders of the Constitutional party prepared
for that struggle which they ultimately led to a successful
issue, with the assistance of the other members of the
quadruple alliance. During that contest the young Queen
resided in Brazil or in Paris, and it was not till Dom
Pedro had captured Lisbon that she was enabled, in Sep-
tember, 1833, to enter her capital and ascend her throne.
Her father, unhappily, survived this event but one year,
and on the 18th of September, 1831, the Cortes were in-
duced unanimously to declare their Sovereign, then only
fifteen, to be of full age, and iu complete possession of her
royal prerogative. A few months later she contracted a
marriage with Prince Augustus, of Leuchtenberg, the
eldest son of Prince Eugene Beauharnais ; but here again
the singular ill-fortune of her life prevailed, and the Queen,
married in January, 1835, was a widow before Easter. A
second marriage was concluded in the following year with
Prince Ferdinand, of the Romanist branch of the Coburg
family, which has conferred upon the house of Braganza
no less than eight lineal descendants.
A reign of twenty years is thus abruptly terminated,
and, although it has not fulfilled the hopes of its first
• adherents, or rewarded the exertions made by other
Powers to secure the succession in the constitutional line,
it is due to the memory of the late Queen to bear in mind
the extraordinary difficulties of the position in which, by
no fault of her own, she was placed. Raised to the throne
in childhood, born and bred. in South America, and de-
prived of her parents before she knew their worth, she
had to encounter the intrigues of a profligate court, and
the incessant struggles of political parties, in which per-
sonal Ambition and rivalry held a large share. Between
these contending factions she had to steer her course,
though scarcely a year passed without some violent
attempt to change the Government, or some open collision
between the national party and. the prerogatives of the
crown. At times the opposition assumed the form of
open insurrection, and, in 1837 more especially, it is pro-
bable that the Junta of Oporto would have succeeded in
its objects, whatever they were, but for the direct inter-
position of England, France, and Spain. All confidence
between the Sovereign and the nation had long been de-
stroyed: The court was regarded as faithless in its en-
gagements, bigoted in its opinions, and absolutist in its
tendencies ; and it was always a matter of uncertainty.
how long such a government could hold its ground.
Since the last singular rising of Marshal. Saldanha, by
which that veteran politician forced himself upon the
crown and the country, he has held. the rudder with a
firm hand, but several reasons warrant the belief that. his
power is not likely to be of very long duration. Upon
the accession of the young king, the Cortes will doubtless
be convoked, and, although the king-consort has naturally
received the temporary powers of regent, it will probably
be the wish of the nation to anticipate, by a few months,
the legal majority of their new sovereign, and to remove,
as much as possible, from his court, those influences which
are supposed to have contributed so powerfully to the
errors and the unpopularity of the latereign.
Her Majesty has left seven children ; namely, Dom
Pedro Aleantara, Duke of Braganza, born Sept. 16, 1837;
Dom Louis Philippe, Duke of Oporto, born Oct. 31, 1838;
Dom Joao; Duke of Saxe and of Baja, born March 16,
1842; Donna Marie-Anne, born July 21, 1813; Donna
Antonia, born Feb. 17, 1845; Dom Ferdinand, born July
23, 1846; and Dona Augusto, born Nov. 4,-1847.