The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1849-05-08 00:00:00

TUE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

RESULT OF OUR POLICY TOWARDS CANADA.

So that,, I
tariff, sun,

ley cannot pro_
'They now talk of duties averaging 18 per cent. on
manufactures ; 11 per cent. may be the rate next season,
although it is uncertain what rates must be paid on goods
now at sea for spring trade. Hats, boots, shoes, some
kinds of straw bonnets, coarse West of England tweeds.

castings in iron, &c., are practically prohibited. So muc'
for retaliation or free trade, as the Canadians facetiousl
call it.

* Imports of goods paying ad valorem duty :-
1845 £2,185,349
1846 2,241,154
1847
We have mislaid the returns for 1848, but remember dis•
tinctly that they are not less, but rather over those of 1847.

general I+llsrellann.

The Stowe manuscripts have been bought by Lord
Ashburnham for the sum of £B.OOO.
Mrs. Mitchel and her five children are going to the
Cape of Good Hope to live near her husband.
A New Orange Lodge was formally' opened at the house
of Mr. John Rudd, the King's Head Inn, Great Horton,
• _ coun- near Bradford, on Monday.
try ; while Chiniborazo, according to Humboldt, exceeds A SECESSION FROM ROME.—The Rev. Pierre COnnolly,
the elevated plain of Quito by not more than 10,878. chaplain to the Earl of Shrewsbury, who was last year
What an overpowering effect a monolith of such size and sent on a mission to the Pope, has renounced the Romish
isolation as ' Noah's Mountain' produces on the spectator faith.—Hereford Journal.
must be left in some measure to the imagination of the Mr. George Barrow, about 55 years of age, and who
reader. Towards the north, south, and east, it stands has been more than 25 years in the Excise, committed
completely alone, rearing itself like Etna and Vesuvius suicide on Thursday morning, at Nottingham, by placing
immediately from the plain. On the west it is connected himself on the railway until a train passed over his head.
with theAgridag chain ,stretching from thecentreof Turkish THE LATE EXECUTION IN BRISTOL.—Mr. Calcraft's
Armenia to the plateau of the Araxes ; and its height fee was twelve guineas ; he brought his own rope, and de-
would be still more striking than it is were it not for the dared the unhappy woman who was put to death to be the
vast lateral extent of its terraces and declivities. It is most " refractory subject" he had ever met with.
rather singular that the Agridag, which before reaching Among a variety of articles displayed at the Mayor's
the Ararat sinks gradually lower and lower till it almost soiree, at the Assembly-rooms, Boston, was a volume
reaches the plain, should thus suddenly rise again into (1715) of the Stamford Mercury. That year wheat was
this enormous pile of rocks, glaciers, and peaks, covered 38s. per quarter, and coffee ss. 2d. per lb.
with everlasting snow and piercing far into the region of It was stated at a public meeting in Cornwall last week
clouds. It is as if the great volcanic forces in which the that all the vessels which had landed foreign corn in the
mountain system of Armenia originated had suddenly ports of Falmouth and Fowey had taken away the whole
exerted their whole energies to rear that marvellous edi- proceeds in gold—carefully avoiding to buy one farthing's
flee of the mountain of the deluge At the end of worth of our manufactures.
the month of May, the Ararat was free from snow about A few days since, a lady who had taken her seat in the
halfway up—that is, 8,000 feet. A little further the black train which left Edinburgh for Glasgow, was suddenly
delivered of a child in the carriage. Her husband (a corn
merchant in Leith) was present at the time. The lady
sud infant were removed.
Mr. Martin Ausell, editor of the Satirist, and a Miss
Mills, have been committed to Newgate for trial on a
charge of attempting to extort money from a gentleman
named Bevan, under a threat of charging him in the
above disreputable publication with an offence against
morality.
PHRENOLOGICALLY INQUISITIVE.—A disciple of Gall
and Spurzheim, residing in Shields, was lately trying his
hand upon the cranium of a newly-married lady, and
came to a large development of philoprogenitiveness.
" You are passionately fond of children," said he. As
quick as thought she exclaimed, anxious to peep into
futurity, " How many ?"—Gateshead Observer.
On Friday morning last, at Inverness, a married woman,
,named Brown, who had been living apart from her hus-
band, a weaver, destroyed herself by cutting her throat
with a razor. So determined was the wretched woman
to effect her object, that she had forced her two hands
into the wounds she had made, with a view to the more
complete accomplishment of her purpose.
STRIKE IN THE HOSIERY MANUFACTURE.—We learn
from the Nottingham Journal, that large numbers of the
stockingers of that town and neighbourhood, both male
and female, have struck for an advance of wages. The
hands meets with much commiseration, many of the
farmers and tradesmen of the town and villages declaring
" that they had as lief maintain the stockingers without
work, as maintain them as they now do with work."
RETURNING FROM EPSOM.—On Saturday, a party were
returning from Epsom races in a brougham, when the horse
suddenly took fright, and, the reins breaking, two ladies
who were seated in the vehicle threw themselves out, fell
upon their heads, and were taken up insensible. One of
them is in a fair way of recovery, but the second, Mrs.
Bignold, wife of a dancing-master in Marylebone-street,
died within 24 hours after the accident, from concussion
of the brain.
A body snatcher has been shot at Norfolk. A groom
was watching the grave of a little boy, recently interred,
when he observed two or three men come to the grave
and commence digging. He requested them to desist,
when one of the party fired at him, but without effect.
The groom, who had a double-barrelled gun, fired in re-
turn at the aggressor, and then ran off for assistance. On

colour of the lava was streaked with broad white stripes :
and some thousand feet higher the snow had gained the
Snow fields. of enormous pytput

victory

the western fertile( s; and on the highest the radiant
dazzling white was undisturbed by a Single Spot, although
the black rock again broke forth on the central and high-
est peak How )ften, during my stay at Erivan,
when I have returned from my excursions into the sur-
rounding country, worn out with heat, fatigue, and thirst,
did the sight of this scenery strengthen and console we !
How often, sitting on a block of basalt on the Sanga
Shore, have I feasted my eyes on the glorious spectacle it
presented in the rays of the setting sun, and thought with
impatience of the day when I was to tread its wondrous
soil !" Westminster Review.

THE UNREFORMED PAST, AND THE CHEAP AND
CHANGEFUL PRESENT.—The following is the estimate,
lin Blackwood, of Mr. Macauley's reformed moderns, as
a set off to his depreciation of the worthies of bye-gone
times :—The British empire, from 1815 to 1848, exhibited
the most extraordinary social and political features that
the world has ever seen. No former period had presented
so complete a commentary on the maxim, "extremes
meet." It immediately succeeded the termination of a
desperate and costly war, in the course of which the most
Herculean efforts for the national defence and the interests
of the empire had been made, and it witnessed the aban-
donment of them all. Twenty years of desperate hostility
had bequeathed to it untouched a sinking fund of fifteen
millions annually : thirty-five years of unbroken peace
saw that sinking fund extinguished. Protection to indus-
try—support to the colonies—upholding of the navy, had
been the watchwords of the nation during the war: free
trade—disregard of the colonies—cheap freights, became
the ruling maxims during the peace which it had purcha-
sed. The only intelligible principle of action in the
people seemed to be to change everything, and undo all
that had been done. The different classes of society,
during this divergence, became as far separated in station
and condition as in opinion. The rich were every day
growing richer—the poor poorer. The wealth of London,
and of a few great houses in the country, exceeded all that
the imagination of the East had conceived in the Arabian
Nights: the misery of Ireland, and of the manufacturing
towns, outstripped all thrt the imagination of Dante had
figured of the terrible. The first daily exhibited, during
the season, all the marvels of Aladdin's palace : the last,
during the same period, presented all the horrors of
Ugolino's prison. Undeniable statistics proved the reality
and universality of this extraordinary state of things,
which had become so common as to cease to attract atten-
tion. The income-tax returns established the existence
of £200,000,000 annual income above £l5O, in Great
Britain alone, by far the greater portion of which was the
produce of realised wealth ; whilst the poor-law returns
exhibited, in the two islands, four millions of paupers—or
a full seventh of the population subsisting on public cha-
rity. The burden of the poor-rates in the two islands
rose, before the close of the period, to £,8000,000 a year,
besides £1.300,000 for county rates. Population had
increased fast, but crime far faster: it had, during forty
years, advanc
people. (

his return the party had decamped, but there were traces
of blood for a considerable distance.
On Monday, at Lambeth Police-office, T. Sutton, a
young man, twenty-one years of age, was committed to
gaol for three months for stealing three sovereigns from
his employer, a coal dealer, on purpose that he might go
and see Rush hung. Having satisfied his curiosity and all
his money being spent, he gave himself up into the hands
of the police; but three of the Norwich police, one after
the other, refused to take him, and he was obliged to re-
turn to town before he could find a policeman that would
receive the charge.

On Tuesday morning, between eight and nine o'clock,
the greatest excitement was created on the river side at

pievisueu auring the period
among the working classes, interrupted only by occasional
and deceptive gleams of sunshine. So acute did it become
in 1847 that a noble grant of £10,000,000 from the British
parliament alone prevented two millions of Irish dying of
famine; as it was, 250,000 in that single year perished
from starvation, and as many, in that year and next, were
driven into exile from the United Kingdom. The people
in Liverpool returned thanks to God when the inundation
of Irish paupers sank to 2000 a week. Glasgow, for two
years, suffered under an infliction of above a thousand
weekly, which in that short time raised its poor-rates
from £20,000 to £200,000 a year. During this protracted
period of suffering, the feelings of the different classes of
society became as much alienated as their interests had
been. Rebellion broke out in Ireland, the West Indies
were ruined, and the Chartists numbered their millions in
England. The treasury shared in the general distress.
It had become impossible to raise funds from the nation
adequate to its necessary expenses; and, at length, so
pressing did the clamour for a reduction of taxation be-
come, that it was seriously proposed, and loudly approved
by a large and influential portion of the community, to
sel'

Limehouse, in consequence of a most desperate attempt
having been made by a man named George Holm to mur-
der a young woman named Martha Brider, by cutting her
throat with a razor, and then endeavouring to destroy his
own life by similar means. Holm and the wounded wo-
man were instantly removed to the London Hospital ;
they remain in a very precarious state, but hopes are en-
tertained of the recovery of the woman.

SAWDUST BREAD.—the Lancet reports that Dr. Percy
of Birmingham recommends the use, in certain cases, of
bread made of wood. Dr. Percy finds physiological rea-
sons to support his views in advocating the use of the
comparative innutritious materials as an article of diet
in the disease for which he he has proposed the sub-
stitute for bread. In the treatment of some diseases
it has long been a desideratum with many practitioners to
obtain the means of administering a diet which shall con-
tain little albumen, or any materials capable of ready con-
version into sugar in the system.

SUDDEN DEATH OF MR. HORACE TWISS.—We regret
to learn the death of Mr. Horace Twiss. It appears
that at a meeting on Friday of the Rock Life Assur-
ance Company, held at Radley's Hotel, New Bridge-
street, Blackfriars, the persons assembled were addressed
in a most luminous speech, by the above gentleman.
After having spoken for full half an hour, he suddenly
stopped, fainted, and instantly expired. Under these cir-
cumstances, the proceedings of the meeting were imme-
diately adjourned. Mr. Twiss, who held the office of
Chan&llor for the Duchy of Lancaster, will be remem-
bered as the author of the Life of Lord Eldon, and for his
literary contributions to the Quarterly Review.
A WOMAN FROZEN TO DEATH.—A poor woman named
Dinah Fishlock, who resided at Heddington, near Devizes,
left home about 9 o'clock in the morning of the 19th ult.,
for Devizes market ; and nothing more was heard or seen
of her until between 5 and 6 o'clock in the afternoon,
when, as a labouring man, named Willian Hand, from
the same parish, was returning home over the down, he
found the deceased near the old castle, alone, and lying
dead, with two baskets of eggs over her right arm, and an
umbrella by her side. It seems she had not proceeded
more than a mile and a half on her way to market when
she was overcome by the inclemency of the weather and
perished on the spot.—Salisbury Gazette.
CHARGE UNDER THE FOREIGN ENLISTMENT ACT.—
On Friday, at the Thames-street Police-office, London,
Mr. Bodkin, barrister, accompanied by the Minister Ple-
nipotentiary to the King of the Two Sicilies, applied for
a summons against Captain Moody, of the steam-ship
Bombay, for an infraction of this act, which prohibits
any British subject from fitting-out (without leave) any
vessel to be used in a hostile manner against any other
government. Mr. Moody, it was stated, did fit out the
Bombay, of 1200 tons, for parties calling themselves the
provisional government, to make war against the King of
the Two Sicilies, with whom this country was at peace.
A vessel called the Victor, had previously gone from Lon-
don on the same illegal mission, but she did not reach her
destination, and was captured by the authorities at Mar-
seilles, where she had put in. The Bombay was equipped
for the purpose • had guns for a battery on board ; and
had already made trips to try her powers. The magistrate
granted the summons sought, and the case will be heard
on Friday. The vessel will, of course, be detained.

our ships of war, disband our troops, and surrender
ourselves unarmed to the tender mercies of the adjoining
nations, when war with unwonted fierceness was raging
both on the continent of Europe and in our Eastern
dominions. Nor was the aspect more satisfactory in its
social condition—the manners of the higher, or the habits
of the lower orders. Intoxication, seemingly purposely
encouraged by government by a large reduction of the

duties on spirits, spread the most frightful demoralization
through our great towns. Licentiousness spread to an
unparalleled extent in the metropolis, and all the principal
towns ; and the amount of female corruption in the streets,
and the theatres, exceeded anything ever witnessed since
the days of Messalina or Theodora. The drama was
ruined : it was supplanted-, as always occurs in the decay
of nations, by the melodrama—the theatre by the amphi-
theatre. Drury Lane was turned into an arena for wild
'ieasts—Covent Garden into an Italian 0-

pera. he
magnificent attractions of the opera exceeded anything
ever witnessed before : the warmth of its scenes, and the
liberal display of the charms of the danseuses, did not
prevent it from being nightly crowded by the whole rank
and fashion of the metropolis. A universal thirst for
gain or excitement had seized the nation. No danger,
however great, no immorality, however crying, was able
to stop them, when there was a prospect of a good divi-
dend. At one period, a hundred and fifty millions were
wasted in loans to " healthy young republics," as the
Foreign Secretary himself admitted in parliament : at
another, a still larger sum was laid out on domestic rail-
ways, not one-half of which could ever produce anything.
Three guineas a night were habitually given for a single
stall-seat at the opera, to hear a Swedish singer, during
the railway mania ; but then the occupant was indiffe-
rent—he put it down to the railway, and came there reel-
ing from the champagne and hock drunk at a neighbour-
ing hotel, at its expense. Most of these railways were
mere bubbles, never meant to go on : when the fortunate
projectors had got the shares landed at a premium in the
hands of the widow and the orphan, they let it go to the
bottom.

(From Tait' Maazine.
Since the change of tariff, the exports from Great Bri-
tain have greatly diminished. We beg the attention of
those parties who assert that our trade would be improved
by declaring our colonies independent. We have demon-
strated that, in so far as mere commercial relations are
concerned, Canada is, practically, independent.
Yes, and Canada, in this transition state, affords the
best opportunity that ever occurred, or ever will occur, for
testing the truth or falsity of the assertion, that indepen-
dent states are better customers than our own colonies.
Canada is still in form, and politically, dependent, a co-
lony; but in trade, in all her commercial relations, quite
independent. We have already shown that the check of
" royal assent," held by the Colonial Office, is, in the
hands of the present Government, no check, but a snare
nd a delusion. The imports of manufactures at Mon-
-.al, from Great Britain, during the last five years, were
under :
1844 £1,803,226 sterling.
1845 1,990,864 „
1846 1,734,760 „
1847 1,491,877 ~
1848 1,062,948 ~
the £1,734,760 of 1846, the year prior to the new
k in 1848 to £1,062,948 a decline of 39 per cent.,
i;lsio;d, of i he increase which some credulous people pro-
fess to ems! et as the result of independence of the cold.
„ties. We ivise such to collect facts, and think for
themselves, am i not to he duped by visionaries.
The decline ,of sea-borne goods, paying ad valorem
duty to the colon, v, Las been very great. Last year's ex-
ports from Britain . are little more than half of the amount
four years ago, but the amount of imports consumed in
the colony has not ch'minished.* English goods are now
superseded by Amerimin, and American ships and canal
heats now divide the fre.ights, which formerly went to the
British and colonial ship owner. In heavy cotton fabrics
and coarse woollens, the English maker is beaten by the
American, who not only eaves the freight and insurance
across the Atlantic. but gets his goods passed at the same,
or a lower rate of duty ; besides, he may smuggle a little.
Boston blue prints and Lowel shirtings, colonial or States'
heavy woollen cloths, are preferred to those of Yorkshire.
Nearly all the groceries consumed in Canada West are
bought, or carried from New York ; the trade and the
sympathies of the people are rapidly leaving the mother
country, and in course of transference to the United
States. Protectionist colonial meetings are now the fa-
shion in Canada. Driven from the protection of England,
the colonists have resolved to take care of themselves, to
foster—nay, to force—manufactures among themselves,
by prohibitions on every article they can make for them
selves, and by heavy duties on such as t