The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1840-03-17 00:00:00

PEKIN.

It has been remarked by travellers that a great sameness
prevails in all the cities of China. Those of the larger size
contain a few streets well paved, in which there are shops.
But the streets are for the most part narrow, and full of
hovels. The suburbs are in many instances larger than the
cities themselves. We learn, too, that the villages and ham-
lets, though they have a beautiful appearance at a distance,
are little more than a heap of houses irregularly thrown to-
gether, with a cheerful exterior appearance, but without ade-
quate furniture or comforts, and withal filthy as a stable.
Pekin, the principal and northern capital, stands in an ex-
tensive plain, in let. 38 deg. 55 min., lon. 116 deg. 45 min.
east of Greenwich. It is about 60 miles from the great
wall, and 100 from the sea. At some distance to the east of
the city flows the Pe-ho, but a water communication is ob-
tained by canals with another river which flows into the
former. The city was founded in the reign of Ilan, the
founder of the Leaon dynasty, generally called King-too.
By the natives it is considered the nearest portal to heaven.
It has undergone great changes, and is now divided into the
old and new cities. The latter, built by the Tatars, contains
the imperial palace, and is called the " inner city ;" the lat-
ter, which lies to the south, is called the " outer city." It
is said to occupy an area of 27 miles in circumference, with-
out including the suburbs. " The wall," says Gutzlaff,
" which surrounds it, is thirty feet in height, and of the
enormous thickness of twenty feet. Nine gates lead through
it, which reminds one very strongly of ancient Babylon. A
Glitch around completes the fortifications, which, in the eyes
of the Tartars, is impregnable. The streets leading to the
nine gates are very spacious, but lined with low houses, and
not being paved, are in wet weather almost impassable. In
entering no capital will the traveller be so much disappointed
as in entering Peking; for having eyed the city wall with
wonder, and passed. the gate, the romantic fairy land vanishes
at once. If, however, he can content himself with gaudy
shops, and a promiscuous crowd continually thronging the
streets, he may still be reminded that he is in the capital of
China. The northern city is built in the form of a paral-
lelogram facing the four quarters of the globe, and consists
of three enclosures, one within the other. The innermost
contains the imperial palace, where his Majesty and his royal
family live; the next, though designed for the immediate
officers and attendants of the palace, is now occupied by the
industrious Chinese ; whilst the third constitutes the open
city. The wall which surrounds the imperial sacrum is laid
over with yellow bricks, mounted with high towers, and built
very regularly, so that the whole has a neat appearance. All
the walks which lead to the principal halls are paved with large
slabs of white and gray stone, The Wao-mun, or meridian
gate, is the most splendid of all: the Emperor alone can
pass through it by means of the southern avenue, and when-
ever he honours it with his presence, a yong and a bell, hung
in the tower over the gate, are sounded. Here he distributes
presents to foreign ambassadors, views the captives, whom
his invincibles have taken, and shows himself whenever he
has to dispense money. The Emperor receives congraula-
tions and visits of ceremony in the Tac-homun, (the gate of
great harmony,) which is a splendid Chinese edifice 110 feet
high." There are also two other halls of ceremony, one of
which is called the Keen-tsing-kung, signifying the palace of
heaven's rest. A palace is set apart for the Empress, who
has also a flower garden. Adjacent is a library stocked with
most of the books that have been published in the empire.
Six palaces are occupied by the imperial females, and one by
the Emperor's stewards, and there are others besides. These
buildings are represented as gorgeous. The second enclosure
is six miles in circumference,'and surrounded by a wall twenty
feet in height. Here are many temples, and an altar in
honour of the gods of the land and of grain—the most sacred
of Chinese idols. Close by is an arsenal, where munitions
are prepared for the defence of the country. The Emperor
(says our last named authority) spends his leisure hours in
artificial parks, gardens, and summer-houses. Several of
these are well contrived. Amongst the public buildings there
arc no fewer than 200 palaces, but some of them would scarcely
serve for stables. The National College, however, reflects
honour on the city. Here all Chinese learning and literature
are concentrated. " Muntchoo, Chinese, and Russian learn..
ing flourish in it; all religions, though some of them are pre-
scribed, share the honour of being sanctioned in its precincts.
A mosque, a Greek church, a Roman Catholic church, pa-
godaso
ntdleisimpleeeanrrecl
yewdsi
esec
irduesi
aaenri dedicated t
inscription,. e
trdo eTi
hti
jeo,ad
lui
sffedri es
tni tn
citdi
oo areT hh
ee rge r
emati n
hg lael
ld
splendidhsrtor
String-holy,"
oaallysp
grand,tmorens2 iv3lru3.topTi feetahinlong,
The
,Ewmi
tp
eh andtrhoer
,ofasaui-f
annually ploughs a field himself ! and the grain produced by
his manual labour is considered superior, and is therefore
used " to make cakes for the sacrifices offered up to heaven !"
The inhabitants of Peking, including the suburbs, number
about two million. "It is," says Guti.laff, " a great place
of trade, and would be still greater if any European mer-
chants were established here to carry on business. Ten or
twelve miles from the capital are the imperial pleasure gar-
dens, of which Yuen-nung-yuen is the most important.
They occupy an extent of twelve square miles, and are so
arranged as to combine natural beauties with art : jungle and
gardens regularly laid out,—waste tracts and well-cultivated
fields are so interchanged, as to give the whole an appearance
of infinite variety. It is said that about thirty palaces are
built upon this spot, which, if we form a proper idea of a
common Chinese palace, will not appear wonderful. The
'Principal hall of audience, where the English ambassador
.was admitted, stands upon a platform of granite, surrounded
by a row of wooden columns which support the roof. The
Wall within is 110 feet in length, 42 in breadth, and 20 in
height. No decoration, no tinsel distinguishes this hall ;
the greatestornament
the imperial presence."
miles up h
About 30 river Pe-ho stands a town called
herete
is
breadth is but -mall,
several miles on the right bank, but
Teen-tsin-foo, or " The Celestial Ferry." It extends for
its
t to it is crowded
for miles with junks, bringing e
As the emporium of the capital this is the. richest trading
place in the kingdom, and the river opposite
transportation
grain, &c. from various parts.
The staple article of the place is salt, in the
of which to the interior many thousands of boats are em-
ployed.
[We are compelled here to close our description of this in-
teresting country; in our next we shall supply a sketch of the
rise and progress of the dispute with China, together with an
account of Canton and the adjacent country, which will he
accompanied by a beautifullp:executed map,
_presented gra-
tuitously to the purchasers of the STANDARD,'

Government has raisedtlie
dainterest on Exchequer Bills
froKmEclld
j.
4pmerEdsi,tsy to.
per
OPINION OF TOBACCO.---" Tobacco," says
Secondly, wit—First, aslat
King James, " is the lively image
that it bath by illusion, in all thpaaV pattern of hell ; for
; to..;citlpd vices of the world,
ftbe world delight
whereby hell may be gained
sdmeloigkhetetahs
so are all the vanities of the world.
taketh tobacco drunken and
them that take it ; so do all the pleasures
pleasures
cannot
, men are
rretshof the
the men of the world. Thirdly, it maketlc:
light in the head; so do all the vanities of the en
drunken therewith. Fourthly, he that
leave it, it doth bewitch him ; even so the
world make men loath to leave them ; they are, fuo
part, enchanted with them. And further, besides all the most
is like hell in the very substance of- it, for it is a stink' it
gt
loathsome thing; and so is bell." And further, his majesty
professed that, " were he to invite the devil to a dinner, he
should litiuld have three dishes—first, a pig ; secondly, a poll of
'mg and mustard ; and third, apipe of tobacco for digestion."

► ~~= ~

r:t)‹

~ ~:~;

CHURCH EXTENSION.

A very numerous and highly respectable meeting of the
members and friends of the Liverpool Young Men's Esta-
blished Church Society, was held -on the evening of Friday
last, in. the Music-hall,,Bold-street, for the purpose of taking
into consideration the propriety of petitioning the legislature
in favour of a public grant to extend the usefulness of the
Church of England. Amongst the clergymen present we
noticed the Rev. Fielding Ould, the Rev. B. Marshall, the
Rev. G. Mansfield, the Rev. D. James, the Rev. C. W.
Richards, the Rev. W. Falloon, the Rev. H. S. Joseph, the
Rev. A. M'Conkey, the Rev. F. Barker, &c. &c. ; and of
the laity we observed Robertson Gladstone, Esq., Samuel
Holme, Esq., R. Griffith, Esq., W. Howard, Esq., W.
Rowett, Esq,. &c. A number of ladies were also present.
ROBERTSON GLADSTONE, Esq. was unanimously called
upon to preside ; after which prayer was offered by the
Rev. G. MANSFIELD.
The Cu AIRMAN then proceeded. He trusted he might he
permitted, before they entered upon the business of the even-
ing, to express his grateful acknowledgments to those gen-
tlemen who, from motives of kindness had placed him in the
honourable position of president of this society. For him-
self, however, be could not but regret that their selection bad
not fallen upon one who had stood more prominently forward
than himself in the-defence of our Protestant church, and
our Protestant institutions—of whom, he rejoiced to say,
there were already so many in Liverpool. (Applause.) He
was well aware that their claims were much stronger than
his, and that they would have been able to confer upon the
society infinitely greater benefits than he feared would fall to
his lot; but at the same time he trusted he was alive to the
advantages to be derived from the formation of the society,
one of the objects of which, in a great degree, was to bind
together, with a perfect cord of union, the rising protestant
youth of the present day—(hear, hear, and applause)—to
bind them together in a spirit of love and veneration towards
our Established Church, and in an ardent desire, not only
to perpetuate but to extend its general sphere of usefulness.
(Cheers.) Nor was it a less important duty, that the mem-
bers of the society should turn their serious attention, their
most devoted exertions, to counteract the unfortunate and
misguided opinions of the present day—opinions for the pro-
mulgation of which it was with the deepest regret that all
those who wished well to our Established Church must have
observed that a society had been formed in this town, under
the name. and upon the principles, of the voluntary system.
(Hear.) The meeting would hear from those who were about
to address them, matter which he bad no doubt they would
find highly interesting upon this subject ; but be could not
refrain from noticing one or two points which deeply concern-
ed us all. Those who were in the habit of perusing the public
press, must know, that the walls of that room might be said to
be still warm with the echo of the opinions of those who had
there assembled to petition parliament to withheld any
further grants of money for the purpose of church extension,
thereby holding out, in the most direct manner, the highest
possible premium for the cause of infidelity. (Cheers.) And
yet, whilst the very men who had figured upon the spot,
perhaps, on which he now stood, were prepared to -give an
apparently reasonable reply for the faith that was in them,
we saw them associated with those, who had but the one
common object in view, of destroying the church establish-
ment, and levelling her "walls to the dust of the earth.
(Cheers.) It was against the promulgation of such opinions,
and against the dissemination of the evil that those opinions
were likely to create, that this society would, in part, devote
its most serious attention. Certainly, this was a matter that
we could scarcely reconcile with the progress of civilization
on the one hand, and the progress of religious opinion on the
other. We could scarcely believe, that men could be found,
who from an embittered and deeply rooted hatred to the
church establishment, strove, with the dawn of each day, to
find some new mode of attacking its existence, and for pro-
pagating those opinions, which he regretted to say, even
with some of those who called themselves members of our
church, received with open arms. Was it not matter, in-
deed, for surprise, that there should be those in the present
age who could boldly come forward,' and advocate, as had
been done, the cause of opposition to church extension?
Were the advantages confined to the few, or were they not
such as every one was freely invited• to partake of—such as
every one had the same opportunity of participating in, and
such as were calculated—the best calculated—as experience
had proved—to secure to every class of society, that happi-
ness—the greatest of all happiness—which spruhg from sound
religious principles ? Well then, the objects, he presumed,
of this society, for he regretted not having been present at
the meeting called for its formation, were first of all to coun-
teract, as far as they had the power, the voluntary system,
which in itself involved the question of a separation of church
and state ;—(cheers)—to support the cause of church ex-
tension—and the duty of the government to provide sound
religious instruction for the people, (cheers) to suppOrt a
system of national education, on the principles of the Esta-
blished Church—and with these important objects in view,
he could not but hope, that whilst the society daily increased
in numbers, and whilst it would endeavour to unite within

itself the rising youth of the present day, it would at the
same tune, by its good example and by its influence, open
its arms widely to receive all--to receive those, who could
" This fair mountain leave to feed,
To batten on the moor;"
and that it would, under God's blessing, prove in its sphere
of usefulness, a society, to which the best interests of the in-
habitants of Liverpool might become deeply indebted. With
these remarks, he called on the gentlemen appointed to more
the resolutions.

The Rev. F. BARKER rose to move the first resolution.
It was the observation of a very learned critic that all reli-
gious dissension had its origin in the ignorance of verbal cri-
ticism—that if persons only knew rightly now the meaning of
the original terms in which the Word of God was written,
there would be an end of religious discord. He believed that
this observation, with 'some qualification, was true ; but we
must not keep out of sight that the heart, as well as the head,
was engaged in religious error, and that some would sooner
disbelieve the Word of God altogether, than believe certain
truths contained in that Word—that if some of these persons
were to have the alternative presented to them of believing
or rejecting the doctrines of the atonement or the eternity of
punishment, they would rather prefer to disbelieve that por-
tion of the Word of God which set forth such truths than the
doctrines themselves. - He thought it admitted of an applica-
tion to the objects of this society, and that it would be found
on most occasions that power was the result of knowledge—
that if persons could only be made clearly to apprehend the
nature of the question at issues it they could be made to see
the whole truth and not have their minds fixed upon some
half-truth, if they could be made to see the. reasons why this
and why every truth was so powerful, there would be an
end of dissension. (Hear, hear.) It was in this light that he
desired to regard this society this evening. Its end was a
very lawful and a very scriptural one, for it was to promote
religious truth and religious union. True union could only
be based upon truth, and in order to have the truth there
must be an acquaintance with it. If. then, there should be
any persons there not fully acquainted with the truth of this
question, certainly their wisest plan was to attend such meet-
ings as this, in order to become acquainted with the truth
(hear, hear). He trusted that the proceedings of the society
would ever be conducted in a calm, quiet, and dispassionate
manner; and that whilst they did take a leaf from the pro-
ceedings of their adversaries in one respect, namely, as to
the mode in which they conducted their operations, they
should be aware of following another part of their proceedings,
namely, as to the manner in which they were conducted
(hear)—that they should avoid all personality, seeking only
to know what was the truth, and having once attained to that
knowledge, in all cases and at all hazards, cost what it would,
adhere to it (cheers). The necessity for meetings of this
kind had arisen from a somewhat new feature in men's opi-
nions in the present day. The novelty of those opinions was
expressed in some such terms as these—that now, in this en-
lightened age, men had discovered that it was not by any
means the-duty of civil rulers, of the chief magistrate, or the
government, or of the state, to further religious knowledge
among the people by the instrumentality of a Christian mi-
nistry ; that the state was not bound to further its highest
interests by taking into connection with it the Christian
Church. That this was a novelty would be very easily seen,
if he read an extract from the writings of Dr. Owen, one of
the most celebrated Independents during the period of the
long parliament,and subsequently—one who might be termed,
as he certainly was, one of the foremost of the fathers among
the Independents' the present somewhat noisy advocate: of
voluntaryism. In preaching before the long parliament, ha
said—" If it comes to this, that you shall say you have no-
thing to do with religion 'as rulers of the nation, God will
quickly manifest that he hath nothing to do with you as rulers
of the nation. The great promise of Christ is that in these
latter days of the world he will lay the nations in a subser-
viency to him : the kingdoms of this world shall become his,
that is, shall act as kingdoms and governors no longer against
him,- but for him. Surely those promises will scarcely be ac-
complished in bringing commonwealths of men professing his
name to be of Gallio's frame, to care for none of these things.
Certainly it is incumbent on you to take care that the faith
which you have received, which was once delivered to the
saints, in all the necessdry concernments of it may be pro-
tected, preserved, propagated to and among the people which
God hath set over you." Then he (Dr. Owen) shewed that
the notion of a paternal government was not an absurdity,
for he added—" If a father, as a father, is bound to do what
answers this in his family, unto his children ; a master, as a
master, to his servants ; if you will justify yourselves as fa-
thers or rulers of your country, you will find this to be in-
cumbent on you." (Hear, hear.) Extracts of this kind
might be multiplied from the works of Baxter, Flavel,
Matthew Henry, and others, who represented the Indepen-
dents and the Nonconformists Of the early Puritan days. It
was, then, this novelty which we found ourselves constrained
to combat; and although the arguments brought forward on
the occasion of this meeting could not in the nature of
things have much of novelty in them, yet as all instruc-
tion, for the most part, consisted in the repetition of
sound truth, he did lint suppose he should weary them
if he brought before them truths which had the merit at least
of being old, and which might have some specific application
to the times in which we lived. He believed that in this

question, as had been said of Phrenology, " all that was
new was not true, and all that was true was not new." (Hear.)
That which was true had been true from the begining. He
must first set before the.meetingthe.former part of the reso-
lution, that it was the duty of the state to provide for its peo-
ple sound religious instruction ; he conceived this proposi-
tion to be formed on every true idea of what a state was. A.
state, considered in its largest sense, was a community of in-
dividuals bound together by certain laws, seeking the highest
good, and the greatest liberty Of the greatest number : a
Christian state was one which sought the highest good in
seeking to have the people ruled, in the words of one of the
prayers in our admirable Liturgy, "in wealth, peace, and
godliness." Now the rulers, or the government of the state,
were said to be the representatives or the personality of the
nation, in order to do good for the nation ; they were said to
be so " for good," to the nation,—they were the ministers of
God for good. Then,_if weknew what was good—and when

we went-to the revealed will of God, and asked there what
was good, we found that the knowledge of God, through
Jesus Christ, which issued in the salvation of souls, was the
highest good to men. (Hear.) To put men off with lectures
upon political economy, to give them an education which
fitted them only for skilful workmen, or useful mechanics, or
wise only for this present life—to do this, and to neglect that
which was the true man, the immortal soul, was not to do
the highest good, but the greatest evil. (Hear, hear. He
did not hesitate to affirm it would be far better to leave men
in a state of ignorance, than to give them an education which
should separate them entirely from a higher and immortal
state. (Cheers.) If this, then, were the highest good of men,
why should not the rulers of the country seek it ? It might
well be asked, why! He would tell the meeting why they
ought to seek this highest good of men. They ought to seek
it; because they themselves were men •, they were men long
before they became rulers, and long after they were rulers ;
and if they were bound as individuals, as responsible beings,
hereafter to give an account to God for the things done in the
flesh, surely they must be considered as accountable in every
relation of life which they might fill. The prime minister of
the day, if not a father, was not responsible to God as a fa-
ther ; but if he entered into the marriage state and became a
parent, nemwaynder, greatbefo
beforresponsibilitiese he
became
a minister attached
ft os t him.at e, l
there
the. same
residence
was no responsibility attached to him as such ; but surely
he was not to go from his own house to his official
then to cease his res
minister,
pon
cial residence and became a
si mini set ehra?d
dolfnehaes wanasintdoivbidenaacl:
in irresponsibility as a man, and when he entered hi his oili-
countable to God for the
done towards his family, _his servants,
for every thing he had
and his neighbours,
sibility as a man who
) In the same manner, he
waathainmg
state was bound to seek the high-
(Mr. Barker) conceived the sta b
done towards his sovereign and
towards his nation ? (Cheers.
to God for the things he bad done
say he was not accountable
est good of all within its limits,
d in the holy word
found
lte`h a nation,
of God. " Righteousness," it was said, ,exa ,
;" and
people in the sight of God, as a person, geeause the state. itself was,
idea of personality being
attached to a state, as we frequently fo
but a people that sin are a reproach to any

when God addressed the prophet Jeremiah concerning the
sins of Israel, he spoke of that nation as accountable to him
for the things done by their rulers as their representatives.
In the same manner we found, in ordinary converse, that the
faith and honour and state of a nation were continually
spoken of. The nation was said to have lath, and was said
to sin ; unless, indeed, we were in the practice of that state
of things to which some would lead us, when national faith
should be but another word for humbug, which it had been
asserted not long ago these men considered to be the case ;
so that we must acknowledge, and no right thinking man •
would doubt, that nations were dealt with as persons, and as
having a personality in the sight of God. (Hear.) That per-
scnality was combined with responsibility. If an individual
were responsible to God, the whole collective individuals,
having a personality, were also responsible ; and if the incti-
vidual were responsible to' GOd for the right using 'of the
means God had .placed in his power for .doings good. in the-
same manner must a nation be considered as responsible before
God for seeking the highest good of all in its limits. (Ap-
plause.) Then he came to the immediate question, how was
this to be done ?. Was it to be done by a voluntary expres-
sion of feeling upon the part of the few or upon the part of
the majority ? It never could be done in this manner, be-
cause as had been well said by one whose treatise on this
subject had thrown great light upon it—he meant the excel-
lent treatise of the brother of the chairman, William Ewart
Gladstone, Esq.—(Loud cheers.) " The will of a nation, or
the duty of a nation, can never be expressed by the voluntary
desires of a few, or even of a great number, or even of the
whole nation of itself as individuals, because the whole nation
can never be pious persons, because the whole nation will
never be doing the will of God, and the act of all the indi-
viduals of a nation can never be the act of the nation till
sanctioned by law, and become part of the constitution of the
land." .(Cheers.) Then, could it be done by voluntary ex-
ertion ? Would the voluntary exertions of individuals comply
with the demands stated in this resolution of the duty of the
state to provide the people with sound religious instruction?
lie said, then, that voluntary exertions could never accom-
plish this end, because they were insufficient. Where the
need and destitution were the greatest there the exertion was
the least, and precisely in proportion to the destitution would
be the insufficiency of the means put forward by voluntaryism
to supply that destitution. (Hear, hear.) Very little reflec-
tion and appeal to facts would show this. For nearly the
three first centuries of Christianity, a portion of the people
living in a professedly Christian country were called Pagans,
the destitute of Christianity, and they received their name
Pagani because they inhabited the villages and rural districts.
The persons inhabiting those districts were so generally, if
not universally, heathens, that the word by which their dwell-
ing places was defined came afterwards to be used to denote
heathens •, the word Pagan came afterwards to be used to
describe heathen men because of the insufficiency of voltiiitary
exertion to meet the fiestitution of such persons. And it
was only when the church of Christ had been protected,
cherished, supported, and strengthened by the influence of
the state under the reign of Constantine the Great, that the
whole population became, Christianized. Then lie might,
without exciting any improper feeling, and certainly without
having any, appeal to facts in our own immediate neighbour-
hood ;—(hear)--and if it should be found that a chapel had
been removed from a densely, populated part of the town be-
cause it was encumbered with debt, and because it was sur-
rounded by poor people only, and could not pay its way, and
carried up to a part of the town where there were few poor
people, yet where there was a sufficient supply of church ac-
commodation, there being no less than three churches—he
alluded to Leeds-Street Chapel, which had been carried into
Great orner-Street, for these reasons, what was theinference ?
Why, that they did not contemplate supplying the wants of
the poor. (Hear, hear.) And again, if there should be found
one of those almost necessary consequences of the voluntary
system, a division ; and if the building should be placed in a
destitute and poor part of the town, in a place where there
was real destitution, and which at this moment was only
supplied by the Church Building Society ; and it, further,
that chapel were carried to a part of the town within a stone's
throvi of one church and a hundred yards of another; if it
was evident, therefore, that this new chapel was built not for
the accommodation f the poor but of the wealthy, what
should we say of such an instance as this ? Why, that they
did not contemplate supplying the wants of the poor. (Ap-
plause.) He would again quote the words of Mr. Gladstone's
pamphlet. Having read the extract, the rev. gentleman pro-
ceeded, In fact, as we read of some, who were mad upon
their idols so we must say of these persons, that they were
mad upon their free trade notions; and that they acted upon
those notions, without ever taking into account the disturb-
ing influence of the depravity of human nature. (Cheers.)
In like manner, if you wished to increase the consumption of
ardent spirits, it was an admirable plan to go upon the
free trade system, and let the public-houses and gin;shops
swarm through the town as they had been lately ; but if you
wished to increase religion you must not leave it to the volun-
tary exertions of individuals—it must be done by a party corn-
petent
to do it, having the authority and means. Moreover, he
affirmed if you took into account the quality of the religious
instruction given under the voluntary system, it would be
found as insufficient to supply the wants of the people, or to
provide them with sound religious instruction, as it had been
found inefficient if you regarded the quantity of instruction '
given. (Hear.) He affirmed then that under the voluntary
system the nation could not be instructed in sound religion
for this reason—wefound that the teachers must frequently he
opposed to the views, feelings, prejudices, and wills of the
" taught. As parents they (the meeting) must know that if they
left their children to learn what they would, and how they
would, they,would learn very little, and that little would be •
of a :Very meagre quality ; and in the same manner if the
taught were permitted to dictate to the teacher what he should
speak, what he should teach, and how he should teach—it'
if they were to interfere with him in his ministry, there was
a distraction and a continual unworthy precariousness in his
ministry. He could not read the charge; given to Jeremiah
or Ezekiel, how they were sent to a stiff-necked people,
without feeling_that those prophets needed all the authority
that a, divine commission, could give to them, or they never
-would have been able' to go on with their work. " I am
.weary," said the Lord, " with repenting ;" and he promised
.to Jeremiah that if he separated the precious from the vile,
he should be as his mouth and would deliver him. And it
'was only as he was 'strengthened by this feeling that lie was
enabled to carry on his most ungrateful work of separating
the precious from the vile. How, it might be asked, would.
.this be found to apply to the instruction given under the vo-
luntary system?' A part of that system was that the taught
should be the persons who paid the teacher. Now it Would
not be assuming too much if, knowing what human nature
was, we should suppose that when the instruction communi-
cated by a voluntary teacher was going counter to the feeling's'
and prejudices Of the voluntary hearers, that they who paid,
conceiving they had a right to have an article most pleasing
to them, would request,.the voluntary teacher to change his
tone. (Hear.) And that this was no imaginary case,
.the
testimony of Mr. James' in the second edition of his book
upon Church Membership would bear him out; he mentioned
the second edition, because in subsequent editions, when it
' was seen what wicked use most wicked churchmen made of
its concessions, there were sundry emendations and altera-
tions made,• and a person turning to the subsequent edi-
tions 'would loOk in vain for that awful picture which was
to be found in the second edition. (Hear, hear, hear.)
But lie would mention a fact which had lately occurred. It
might be in the recollection of many there, that their dear
friend Mr. M`Neile (three cheers were here given for the
rev. gentleman), and Mr. M`Ghee went to Sheffield to form
a Protestant and Reformation Association, which was in-
tended to include all protestants and proteStant dissenters,
favourable to the Established Church of England and Ire-
land. Among the persons who presented theniselves as can-
didates for admission upon the committee, or who had been
chosen upon it, was a gentleman who seemed to be one of
those rarce ayes, a genuine descendant of Owen, Baxter, and
Matthew Henry, Mr. Richard Millar,.the Minister of Queen-
street chapel in that town. He was in the habit of visiting
with some of the clergy ; and upon one occasion he had com-
municated on Good Friday, and hint Ulm iachrimce. When
it was found that Mr. Millar had joined the association, and
was in communication with such bigots as Mr. M`lieile and
Mr. M`Ghee,—(loud cheers)—he received an intimation from
his four deacons that he must tender his resignation as mi-
nister of the chapel. Mr. Millar had taken his own ground,
and as he was wise and independent, in the ordinary sense of
the word, and not in the sense that-some one quoted it—who
said, truly sir, though I am an independent, I am the most
dependent man in existence—and having opinions of his own,
told the deacons they were welcome to resign,: but he should
continue a member of the Protestant and Reformation So-
ciety. (Hear.) The deacons, however, bad no intention to
be put off in that way. They appealed to the church ; the
church sided with the deacons, and the contest grew so very
warm that—and he (Mr. Barker) mentioned the fact with
very great sorrow—when Mr. Millar celebrated the Lord's
Supper, the only persons who went to receive it out of a
church of two hundred, were, one man and sixteen females !
(Hear.) The remainder of the church sat at the bottom
of the chapel ; and one of them, a leading man, when Mr.
Millar gave out the hymn, said, " Do not rise." (Hear.) The
church did not rise, and an anonymous correspondent in one
of the newspapers—but he (Mr. Barker) must say the fact
. was denied—affirmed that he heard hissing upon that occa-
sion. (Hear.) What was the consequence? Mr. Millar
said, " I am here ; I have a right to be here ; but I cannot
retain my present position ; therefore I give notice that upon
the lot of April I shall give up my church." (Hear, hear,
hear.) This, it might be perhaps said, was a history to be
found only in the columns of one or two provincial newspa-
pers, and which occurred at Sheffield only ; but he asserted
it was the necessary result of the system of voluntary teach-
ing. He believed they would find, if they went no further
than Warrington, instances of one minister being locked out,
of another being starved out, and of another who only saved
himself from being turned out, as he (Mr. Barker) had heard
the history, by marrying the deacon's daughter. (Hear,
hear.) He thought therefore that these statements proved
this important truth, that voluntaryism, whether we consi-
dered the quantity or the quality, was not very likely to im-
part sound religious instruction. (Hear, hear.) Then, who
was to provide the people with this sound religious instruc-
tion ? Now, he affirmed that the state conld do that which
voluntaryism could not do. (Hear, hear.) When he spoke
of the state, he spoke of the establishment ; and those who
used it in a different sense could not do better than procure
Coleridge-s ideas upon the- cormeetion of church and state.
The state could do these things—it could divide the whole
country into suitable districts, it could supply the means for
propagating true religion, for building churches, and paying
ministers; and whatever dissenters and others might say
with regard to money defiling religion, of its defiling the
hands of those who touched it, yet they had shewn no un-
willingness to receive the regium donum, nor were they un-
willing to get hold, as they were trying at this time, of the
clergy reserves in Canada. (Hear, hear.) The state could
also give to religion a perpetuity, by associating it with the
law, and giving to it the sanction of public authority. (Hear.)
This, then, was the limper duty of a state, to divide the coun-
try into districts, to supply the means of: perpetuating true
religion, and giving it permanence by associating it with the
law, and giving it the sanction of public authority. These
were not spiritual acts : the state, in doing this, did not per-
form the spiritual duties of the church—it merely performed
its own civil acts rand the state was paramount in ability to
do so. It had been asked, " What king or number of kings
is able to choose for me a religion ?" Why, if government
was representative of mind and intellect, of authority, and
of the.proper legitimate influence of wealth in the country—
if government was this, it was the most suitable power to ad-
vise the people at least ; to say, " this is the form of Christi-
anity which u e sanction with our authority, and round which
we entwine the law." But if the state could do this, and he
had shewn the inducements it had to do it, it was necessarily
defective in certain sanctions, which belonged only to the
Church of Christ. The state, for instance, could say to in-
dividuals, " You shall not kill, or if you do, you shall be
hanged ;" but it could not reach to men's souls—it could
not say, " If you do you shall perish everlastingly." It was
therefore necessary to call in the aid of Christianity, and to
give it that kind of support which he had mentioned, in order
that it might receive from Christianity the sanction of future
rewards and punishments. (Hear, hear.) But, moreover,
the state should do this because religion was the great instru-
ment of giving to man his proper station, of enlightening his
mind, of informing his conscience, and of educating him.
Men could not he properly men without religion. More-
over, religion did not give a law of its own, like the laws of
government, which became binding upcn the individuals, but
angcpolecrh wouldl ,
Would
s
gave the sanction of its laws to the laws of the country. Then,
wn
ohe rr e
aa.
having this inducement and this power, the great objects of
the state must be to give to these principles a fixedness and
a permanency. Now, setting aside the abstract view of the
question, suppose a statesman were at this moment brought
into this country, and required to choose that form of Chris-
tianity
s h e w
to which
perpetuity,
ghi give e
go
ot i .Iteo whicht iwsew
greatestreil fixedness
hoeandidnb
no
oss st
co
rNandeseedd perma-
nency,
tides, no sacraments, no ministers ? Wouldhe go to the So-
ciety of Friends, who, having within them a light which caused
the Scriptures to be to every man that which he thought
them to be, he must see in their notions that they had no

security for the perpetuity of their principles, unless they
made George Fox their prayer-book, and the writings of
their early founders their articles-and their homilies. (Hear,
hear.) They held out to the state no inducement to sanc-
tion their notions, because there was neither fixedness nor
perpetuity in them. (Hear.) Would he go for instruction
to. those who might have sacraments, but had neither creed,
articles, nor ministry—whose ministers were speaking lay-
men, one day in the pulpit and another in the counting-
house, or in the senate? Would he go to the Independents,
who could show no authority for their form of Christianity
nor antiquity ? Should he go to those who dated their ori-
gin no higher.than 16-17, -as the Baptists or Independents ;
or would he go to those poor men, whose form of church
government, whether judged by antiquity or by the Scrip-
tures, was false? (Hear, hear.) He must go higher. If
he went to the Church of Scotland or the Presbyterians, he
' (Mr. -Barker) must say he could not follow them; that, how-
ever they might tefer to their form of catechism, they could
not be fixed upon. Where, then, could he go but to the
Church of England ?—(" Hear," and applause.) If' he
wished for a church that offered to, him the plainest evidence
that its principles would be permanent—that they would last
so long as the state itself lasted—if he sought for a church of
this kind, he would find, it nowhere else but in the Church
of England. (Cheers.) He would put it in another
light ; if the church was looked upon as an integral portion
of the state, there was no other, nody of individuals to whom
a . statesman could go who wished to give perpetuity and
permanence to sound religious opinions. It was a narrow
view of the question to regard the state as opposed to the
church, and not regard the church as an integral portion of
the state. Whether this portion of the church of Christ was
planted in these realms early or not, was w matter of little
importance; but it -was certain that in the second century
there were Christian bishops here, and other proofs that
Christianity was settled here long before the papacy had
assumed the form in which it now appeared. And though,
about the year GOO, the monk Austin came over, and, after
sundry, distresses, succeeded in destroying the remnant of the
ancient B ritish church, and there was a period ofutter darkness
till the Reformation, yet that church being now restored to
its primitive purity; existing -as it did an integral part of the
state, and interwoven with the habits and affections of the
people, where would a ChriStian statesman go for an institu-
tion to give perpetuity to sound religious principle save to
the Established Church ? (Cheers.) Moreover, there were
certain rights connected with the church, as a portion of the
state, which proved that it would be an act of the grossest
injustice to go anywhere else. If any one of our dissenting
friends could shew a title of a thousand years for his proper-
ty, would he not conceive it to be wrong and unjust if some
one should attempt to deprive him of it? It was well known
that our Alfred did, in the year 800, with the consent of his
nobles and biSbops, and of two of the neighbouring kings,
the Kings of Mercia and of the Angles, set aside one-tenth
of all the property of England for the use of the church ;
and if the church could show such a claim as this, what in-
justice could be snore flagrant than to take away that pro-
perty, or to say the state should not secure to her that pro-
perty which had been so long her own ? (CheerS.) The
rev. gentleman then suggested a verbal alteration in the re-
solution, to the effect that sound religious instruction could
only be administered by the Established Church, and con-
cluded, amidst loud cheers, by moving it.
Mr. JAMES MATTHEWS seconded the resolution in a very
long and able speech, in the course of which he entered upon
a great variety of details.
The resolution was then carried..

The Rev. FIELDING OiILD rose, amidst reiterated ap-
plause, to move the next resolution. He rose, he said; with
peculiar pleasure to obey the call made upon him to move
the resolution. Among the many associations of this asso-
ciating age, he knew of none that more warmly commended
itself to his feelings, 'to his judgment, and to his conviction,
for the simplicity and purity of its objects, the character of
its machinery, and the necessity for its existence, than the
Young Men's Established Church Society (hear) ; to which,
therefore, he pledged himself, from this day forward, to give
whatever support, encouragement, and co-operation might
be within his power. (Cheers.) We lived in strange times ;
and among the strangest of the anomalies of these times was
the unnatural confederacy, the unholy alliance, between those
who professed the truth of the Gospel. and the patrons and
disciples of every heresy by' which Christianity had been
caricatured and deformed—a confederacy and an alliance for
what object ? • For the overthrow of a church whose founda-
tions were laid in the holy hills of truth, its enerriies them-
selves being judges, and whose only fault and whose cardinal
vice in_their eyes was, that it was legally connected with the
state, and supported by national endowments. We read in
God's blessed Word of a solemn warning given to his ancient
people by the mouth of the. prophet,—" Woe unto them who
go down into Egypt for help ;" and if the alliance to whicji
he had alluded were not an exemplification of this going
down into Egypt,.he did not know where to find it. Among
the first instances of dissent in the Bible was the separation
of Lot from Abraham. We were told of a circumstance
which strikingly characterised that separation—that " the
Canaanite and the Perrizite were then in the land." When
Lot parted from'Abraham, where did he go? We were in-
structed that he " pitched his tent towards Sodom ;" and
had we not a melancholy following of this example in the
conduct of 'the dissenters of the present day, who, in fatal
approximation towards those whom they knew to be the
enemies of the Lard and his truth, were, as plainly and as
perversely as 'men could be, " pitching their tent towards
Sodom ?" (Hear.) • What was the spectacle lately exhibited
in that room in connection with the subject they were then
met to consider? He held in his hand a placard convening
that meeting. The placard stated it was to be a public
meeting ; this appeared in large letters ; but lest any indivi-
dual should presume to go to this public meeting not dis-
posed to concur in the objects of it, we found the following
very convenient intimation at the bottom of the bill, in small
letters :—" All persons friendly to the objects of the meeting
are invited 'to attend." (Hear, hear.) One would have
imagined that a public meeting would have comprehended
all shades of public opinion. it was certainly to be . pro-
nounced a public meeting, but if any one dissented and went
to move an amendment, he was told that none but persons.
friendly were invited ! (Cheers.) He (Mr. Ould) found,
upon looking at the signatures to the requisition, the follow-
ing classification—three Roman Catholic priests, one hide—
pendent minister, two Socinian ministers, three Quakers,
sixteen Roman Catholics, sixteen SOcinians, twelve Inde-
pendents, and three Baptists. This certainly was a most
heterogeneous mixture. (Hear, hear.) We had, then, these
men, disagreeing among themselves upon every point the most
important and essential to the salvation of the soul, and
agreeing in one point only—the overthrow of the constitution
as established by the Act of Settlement.' Having principles
of repulsion inore'ntimerous than it would he easy to calcu-
late, they had one attraction of cohesion, and that was the
desired destruction of a ChUrch which, they well knew, if it
were destroyed, would leave the largest portion of the com-
munity absolutely destitute of all means of religious instruc-
tion (hear, hear). When he looked to the constitution of
that meeting, and saw orthodox dissent represented by an
Independent chairman and an Independent minister, hetero-
dox dissent represented by a Socinian minister and a Socinian
merchant, Popeay represented by a Roman Catholic priest
and a Roman Catholic barrister, he seemed to see before him
TRUTH crucified between two thieves ! (Three cheers.) It
was an awful day in Jerusalem when Herod and Pontius
Pilate made up their differences and shook hands together
over the crucified hotly of the Lord ; and just as awfula spec-
tacle was it to see men agreeing with each other upon no one
point connected with the salvation of the soul, consenting for
a while to forget all their differences, and combining to over-
throw a Church, whose rules of faith is the Bible, and whose
constitution is based upon the principles of God's everlasting
Word ! (Hear.) The resolution entrusted to him was to
this effect :

" That owing to the rapid increase of the population
'throdghout the country, particularly in the manufacturing
and mining- districts, there are many places either entirely
destitute of, or inadequately supplied with, such religious in-
struction ; and that to this may be attributed, in a great
measure, the Attempts recently made to disturb the peace of
the nation."

,The meeting would at once see the two points for their con-
sideration in this resolution. One was the prevalence of re-.
ligious destitution, and the other was the necessary conse-
quence—dangtr to the vublic peace. He should apply him-
self, in the few observations he was about to address to them,
to bring forward evidence to sustain these two propositions.
He should, then, first shew the prevalence of religious des-
titution. He quoted from the Rev. Baptist Noel'sLettertothe
Bishop of London :
" In London and its suburbs, including the parishes on either
bank of the Thames, there are four parishes containing an
aggregate of 166,000 persons, with church-room for 8200.
Taking halt as the proportion which ought to attend church,
according to the estimate of the Committee of the Metropo-
litan Church Fund, .the number of persons provided with the
means of public worship in these four districts, is 16,400,
and 149,600 remain unprovided. Twenty-one others, with
a population of 739,000, afford church-room for 66,153; and,
therefore, on the same supposition as before, leave 606,694
unprovided with the means of public worship. Nine others,
With a population of 532,000, and church-room for 27,327,
leave 177,346 unprovided. And thus thirty-four parishes,
with a population of 1,137,000, and church-room for 101,680,
contain 933,640 unprovided. But from this number of per-
sons represented as without church-room, some deduction
may be made, since about 25,000 may find sittings in pro-
prietary chapels connected with the Establishment. The
whole number, therefore, for which the Establishment has
made no provision whatever, is 883,000, instead of 933,000.
As these 883,000 are unprovided with church-room, so are
they, for the most part, destitute of Christian ministers.
For, the whole number of clergymen in these parishes is 139,
and since no one of these can take effectual charge of more
than 2000 persons, there are only 278,000 persons provided
with ministers, and the other 859,000 persons, who are des-
titute of church-room, are also without Christian ministers
to instruct them."
Another extract—

" In several dioceses, the want of churches is not much
less. In, the diocese of Chester, thirty-eight districts, with
816,000 inhabitants, and church-room for 97,000, contain,
therefore, 622,000 unprovided. In the diocese of York,
twenty districts, with a population of 402,000, and church-
room for only 48,000, contain .306,000 unprovided. In the
diocese of Lichfield, sixteen districts, with 235,000, and
church-room for 29,009, contain 177,000 unprovided. Thus
out of a population of only 1,453,000, eleven hundred and
five thousand are left by the Establishment without the pos-
sibility of public worship, and without Christian teachers."
(Hear, hear.)
It was upon such facts as these he based the case he pre-
sented to them. These extracts, which it would be exceed-
ingly easy to multiply, shewed the prevalence of religious
destitution ; but he would read one short extract more :--
" In the diocese of York, twenty parishes or districts con-
tain a population of 402,000, with sittings for 96,000, that is
provision for 192,000, and, therefore, 202;000 are destitute
of all instruction. In the diocese of Lichfield, sixteen par-
ishes or districts contain a population of 235,000, with 58,000
sittings, provision for 116,000, and, therefore, 119,000 are
living without instruction. And thus in the whole seventy-
four, districts, 749,000 persons are living without instruction.
We have thus come to the painful conclusion, that in 108
districts, containing 2,590,000 persons, there are from
1,383,000 to 1,470,000 persons without public prayer, or
preaching, or Sacraments ; of many of whom it is to be feared
that,they are also without the Scriptures, without family
prayer, and without any open recognition of God whatso-
ever."

Now in order to meet this melancholy state of things, the
church, after having made voluntary efforts, unparalleled
since the days of primitive Christianity, had come forward,
in the present day, to petition the legislature for help. How
had this movement been met by many, he did not say by all,
of the dissente.s of this country ? (Hear.) He believed
there were many dissenters who were secretly sighing over
the conduct of their brethren, but, being fettered by their
own peculiar habits and discipline, were altogether unable,
though not unwilling, to come forward against the conduct
of .which we complained. But he referred to those who
were leagued with the notorious enemies of all religion, in
their conduct upon this question, and he asked them what
was the spirit by which they were influenced whilst they saw
these faithful efforts making to supply this lamentable state
of things? (Hear.) 0 ! what a spectacle it would have been
in primitive times to have seen a believer in our Lord and
Saviour Jesus Christ, united with a blaspheming Jew and an
idolatrous heathen, to petition Constantine against establish,
ing Christianity in his empire, and to forbear the exercise of
his imperial influence for the erection of churches ! (Hear,
hear.) But let him examine now the arguments advanced
by the enemies of church extension. So far as he had been
able to ascertain them they were three. The first was that
it was unjust to ttzx the public for the benefit of a sect.
Now, .he denied that ,the Church of England was a sect.
(Applause.) He said it was a great national institution as
fitting to demand and receive national support as the army,
the navy, or the courts of law. (Cheers.) The republican
might just as well object to pay for the support and dignity
of the crown as the dissenter refuse to pay for:the support of

the national church. (Hear, hear.) If there was to be a
state religion at all, all must be made to pay for its support,
unless we were to hold out a premium for dissent, and enable
infidels to save their pockets, and to cheat the state by pro-
fessing to be dissenters. (Cheers.) Therefore, to petition
as dissenters did against church extension and against church
rates, was to pray foilhe overthrow of the church altogether.
(Cheers.) But then, they said it was unjust to tax dissenters. '
He answered, we did not tax them or seek to tax them as
dissenters, but as members of the state. (Applause.) We
did not oblige them to dissent, but left them at perfect liberty ;
and it was rather too hard that in return for our complete
and thorough toleration they should seek to deprive us,
ungratefully, of the privileges we enjoy. (Hear.) But
then it was unjust ! Well ; he earnestly desired they would
carry out their own principle to its legitimate extent. (Hear,
hear.) He would ask was it just to pass the marriage and
registration acts for the benefit of dissenters, which cost the
country £70,000 a-year ? (Hear.) Churchmen did not
complain of being taxed for that. (Hear.) Again ; was it
just that we should- be taxed to .pay a regium donum of
£30,000 a-year to the dissenters of Ireland? (Hear, hear.)
Was it just we should be called upon to pay £9,000 a-year
for the support of that sink_ of depravity, that moral pesti-
lence, Maynooth college—(loud cheers)—whose disci-
ples were trained in the polluted doctrines of Dens, in
hatred of the pure doctrines of God's blessed word ?
(Renewed cheers.) But he could not avoid showing that
many dissenters really did not so much object to the emolu-
ments of the church, as to their not having any share in
those emoluments themselves. (Hear, hear.) Of this we
had had abundant proof. We all knew the strenuous efforts,
the persevering, active, and zealous measures they took, in
order to obtain possession of Lady Hewley's charity. (Hear.)
That lady left a considerable sum for the endowment of
" poor ministers of Christ's holy gospel," chiefly among the
Presbyterian body. In lapse of time those Presbyterian
churches fell into the hands of Socinians, and Socinian mi-
nisters were found to retain possession of the endowments.
An effort was made by those to whom they rightly belonged
to have them set aside, according to the original bequest, for ,
the " preachers of Christ's Holy Gospel ;" and what was the
conduct of the Sociniaus, of the men who professed to tell us
of the unscriptural character of endowments ? (Hear.) Why,
they took advice and chased the matter through the Court of
Queen's Bench, through the Court of Chancery, and even
into the House of Lords itself ; and it was not until all these
tribunals had given their decisions against them, that they
forebore their efforts, to retain an illegal and unrighteous
possession ! (Hear.). He asked again, if it was not a fact
that dissenters had exerted themselves to obtain grants of
money and land both at home and abroad? (Hear, hear.)
If the Roman Catholics came here and said they were volun-
taries, and were opposed to endowments, he would ask them
if they had not, in various of our colonies, sought and ob-
tained endowments of land and grants of money ? In New-
foundland and Australia had they not received rich endow-
ments for their bishops and clergy, and were not dissenters
at this moment clamouring loudly for a share of the clergy
reserves in Canada? (Hear.) And was it not a fact that
large sums of money had been given by the Board of Works
in Ireland, for the repairS, enlargement, and rebuilding of
the Roman Catholic chapels in that country ? (Hear, hear.) .
These fad's were not to be gainsaid, and-they justified his
conclusion, that it was not to the principle of endowments
they objected, but that their sole uneasiness arose from the,
fact, that they did not participate in these endowments them-
selves. (Hear.) Their next argument was a very comical
one—the principle of endowment imposed a restraint upon
conscience—(Hear.) Oh, the tenderiftss of a voluntary con-
science ! He always suspected the healthy tone of a consci-
ence, that buttoned up and closed the purse in the pocket
against the demand of religion and law ; he always doubted
the conclusiveness of the logic which employed the aryumen-
tum ad crumenam. What said our Lord and Saviour upon this
point of conscience ? He was applied to on one occasion to pay
tribute, to whom? Why to Csesar, an idolatrous king, who
sustained an idolatrous worship ! (Hear.) • Did the Son of
God plead " conscience" as an for refusing to pay ?
Was not his answer " render under Cwsar the thing that
are Caesar's," and was not his act the working of a miracle
to find money to pay the tribute? • (Hear, hear.) Did not
the same-Lord inspirethe apostle when he gave directions
to his followers, " that they'snust needs be subject not only
for wrath hut also for conscience sake? (Hear.) Novi to
a truly Christian conscience the difficulty would be how to
avoid the force of such a plain command. He denied that
the church sought to coerce the conscience of any main. It
left the conscience perfectly free, but if any man chose to
dissent, let him not expect to do it• at the 'expense of the
church or state. ' (Hear,) If 'this plea of conscience were
carried out to the full legitimate-extent, it would bring the
country to a statAk,fsfaharc4 and confusion. The Quaker
objected-to the prinesple,t4 -War, but if hg objected to pay a
war tax in time o. War, would he be tolerated in his refusal?
The republican might plead that he objected to the principle
of monarchy, and refuse therefore the tax which supported
the dignity of the crown, but was he to be allowed to plead
conscience in the matter? No ; therefore the dissenter had
no right to bring forward any sdeh plea—and when lie did,
it could only cover him with the ridicule of all rational and
reflecting
,men. (Cheers.) But there was another argument
urged by the dissenters on this subject. They said it was
impolitic and unnecessary to extend the church because the
existing churches were not sufficiently full to warrant any
public grant of money for that purpose. Now, if they would
petition for working ministers to fill our partially filled
churches, we would willingly join them, and tell them too
that if every church in Liverpool was as full as it could hold,
there would be accommodation provided for only 40,000, out
of a population of 200,000. Wherever „there were working
ministers there would be full churches. (Cheers.) Churches
were moral hospitals ; and let there only be sent into these
hospitals wise, faithful, and well-skilled physicians, and there
would crowd the lame, the maimed, the halt, and the blinds
to receive spiritual cure. Churches were moral lighthouses ;
let only the sacred fires be kept trimmed and bright, by ex-
perienced watchmen, and numerous souls would be preserved
from the perils of moral shipwreck, according to the beauti-
ful exhortation of St. Paul—" Be blameless and harmless,
the sons of God in the midst of a crooked and perverse
generatiOn, among whom ye- shine as lights in the world—
holding forth the words of light." (Hear.) Now he had
another notion upon this subject. He greatly feared that it
was not
,because the churches were imperfectly filled, but
because they were too well filled
,that the complaint arose.
(Hear, hear.) It. was not the inactivity but the activity
of the church that galled them. (Hear, hear.) It was
well known that the Church of• England never was in so
efficient a state, that its churches were never so well sup-
plied with active and zealous pastors, as in the present day.
(Cheers.) ' fri'days gone by, -when there was a larger measure
of inactivity. and
,supineness upon the part of the established
ministry, the dissenters were perfectly quiet. Just so in Ire-
land.; when a degree of deadness prevailed in the church,
tithes-were well paid, and ?popery was quiet.. But the mo-
ment the clergy started up as one man into a attitude of faith-
ful testimony against the -heresy of the man of sin, then up
started the enemy to denounce and persecute them, to call
for the overthrow of the church ! (Hear.) Precisely such
had been the conduct of many of the dissenters in England ;
whilst we were asleep they nodded, too—(cheers)--but the
very moment we awoke they awoke also—(renewed cheers,)—
and it was because we were active; -and because our churches
were too well filled, and because dissent was at a discount,
that the noisy and disgraceful clamour against church exten-
sion had arisen. The rev, gentleman-here related an anec-
dote, or rather gave a detailed statement of facts which had
occurred in a certain place, exactly corroborating this view
of the question. This, he thought, accounted for a great deal
of the prevailing oppos4ion to church extension. But let
him ask, what there was in dissent, that it should commend
itself so warmly to our feelings and judgment, and why we
should allow it to overthrow the establishment, in order that
the voluntary system should take its place ? He must tres-
pass upon the patience of the meeting, whilst he gave them
a little picture of dissent. The artist was one that knew his
subject well ; he washimself a respectable dissenting minister,
and thus he described the system which lie and they would
force upon us.—He quoted from Mr. James's " Church Mem-
ber's Guide :"
" Distraction and divisionfrequently result from the elec-
tion of ministers." ".Secret canvassing," " cabals, in-
trigues," and " the most disgusting exercise of the most
disgusting tyranny,",,talte place: " A defective education
not unfrequently prepares a niinister to be the cause of much
uneasiness." " One half of our church quarrels which take
place, originate in lazy, loitering ministers." It used to be
that the church had only had " lazy, loitering ministers "
but Mr. James found them among the dissenters. What
followed?—" Many ministers spend one half their time in
running about the country to attend public meetings, and the
other in gossipping at the houses of their friends ; the na-
tural consequence is, that their sermons are poverty itself."
" Some ministers plunge themselves in debt, or involve them-
selves in politics,"—oh, he (Mr. Ould) thought church
ministers had -been the only political parsons, " or marry
unsuitable persons ;" " others are of a bad temper,"—
" so that a . fire . of contention is soon kindled, and
the whole church is enveloped in flames." " Others are
immoral," " yet attaching themselves to a party, they intro-
duce the greatest disorder and confusion." " It does not in-
frequently happen, where two or more churches of the same
denomination exist in a town, that a most unhappy, unscrip-
tural, disgraceful temper is manifested towards each other."
" The affairs of-religious societies have been carried into chan-
cery ; and strife, id will, confusion, and.eiery evil work, have
sprng up in the church." " Some deacons make kindness
and assistance a cloak for their own tyranny, or a silken web
to wind round the fetters they are preparing for their pastor."
'What is the deacon of some of our dissenting communities?
The patron of the living, the bible of the minister, and the
wok' of the flock; who, upon the least symptom of opposi •
tion to his will, frowns like a tvrant upon the spirit of rising
rebellion upon his slaves." " It is not unusual
.for the pulpit
to be converted into a source of the most disgusting adula-
tion." The members of dissenting churches "are frequently
hasty in the choice of a pastor, and soon grow tired of the
man they choose." " They love their minister dearly with
their lips, but hate him as cordially with their pockets."
Oh, the liberality of the voluntary system ! How we should
be in love with it ! He recollected an Independent minister
also in speaking of this subject, said, " if a minister is inde-
pendent of his people in purse or talent, or in both, he may
get on well, but if he be dependent in purse or talent, God
have mercy upon hial.for the most dependent of human beings
is that minister." (Hear.) But to proceed with the picture—
" They treat him like wild beasts, who are kept humble by
being kept poor.". ". In many of our churches the pastor is
depressed far below his level." " He may flatter like a sy-
cophant, beg like a servant, or woo like a lover, but he is
not permitted to enjoin like a ruler." :` His opinion is re-
ceived with no .dqference, his person is treated with no re-
spect, and in the Presence of some of his lay tyrants, he is only
permitted to peep and mutter in the dust." "The relaxa-
tion of discipline may be mentioned as another source of evil.
For the sake of its glittering exterior, many a dissenting
church has taken a serpent to ,its bosom." "?Many pro-
fessors do not scruple to devote a part of the sabbath to tra-
velling." " Some betray their Master for a less sum than
Judas set upon his blood." ' " Alas ! alas ! how many of our
churches present at this moment the sad spectacle of a house
divided against itself!" " Church meetings have exhibited
scenes of confusion little recommendatory of the democratic
.form of church government." " Opposition commences ;
a church is divided into factions ; the minister becomes in-
volved in the dispute ; distraction follows • and division
finishes the scene !""Lamentable state of things! WOULD
GOD IT RARELY OCCURRED ! !"
Now, in contrast to this, what was the position of a minister
of the Church of England? No man who aspired to be a re-
ligious teacher was so truly independent as he. He stood
before the people with the commission of God his Saviour to
teach " the truth as it is in Jesus," and he was in no respect
dependent upon the people as regarded the doctrines that he
preached. (Hear.) He was accountable to his Saviour for
preaching the doctrine of His gospel ; he was accountable to
his bishop for preaching the doctrines of his church ; but
when he stood before the people he was in no respect ac-
countable to them, or placed under their controul, or in-
fluenced by their approval or disapproval ; so that he was
then neither "wooing like a lover cr flatterirbos like a syco-
phant," to announce the high message of salvation and to
preach the precious gospel to their souls. (Cheers.) It was
a beautiful sentiment of Baxter, which, indeed, it would be
well for our dissenting brethren to remember—" the state
cannot stand secure without the church, nor the church
without unity, nor unity without uniformity." Upon this
point, in order to corroborate what he had said, he would
read a short extract, shosving the value of the church ; for
the church not only preserved the truth, but it excluded error,
it not only, by a judicious discipline, repressed disorder, but
it secured independence. lfany minister of the church began
to embrace heresy lie must at once leave the church; but
among dissenters what security had the people against error ?
(Hear.) They had no creeds, no articles, no liturgy, no for-
mularies ; every thing was left to the minister ; he might
be true and sound and faithful, and the people might have
the privilege of being well taught ; but if he should forsake
the truth, fall into error, and pass over those portions of
the Bible which taught the truth, what protection bad

the people? (Hear, hear, hear.) What had taken place?
" We need not travel beyond our own town to find an in-
structive illustrations of The practical working of such an
ecclesiastical system. The present Socinian chapel, in Cross-
street, was originally Presbyterian; in which Christ's Gos-
pel was faithfully preached. Whence came this chance, so
diametric and so fearful ? It was the Merging of the Pres-
byterian into the Congregational system, that broke down
the securities for purity of faith and wholesomeness. of disci-
pline. In short, the cancer of Democracy set in, and in
two centuries the whole system "has nearly disappeared. • It
wanted neither learning, wealth, ner power, but it wanted
.Apostolicity, and, therefore, permanence. It is stated that
the one hundred and .seventy-six chapels which, in this coun-
try, belonged to the Puritans, have fallen into the hands of
Socinians. The pulpits of Baxter, Owen, and Matthew
Henry, are now the strongholds of Heresk."—Burton's Let-
ter, p. 13. Yes ! it was a fact that the chapel in which
Matthew Henry preached at Chester was at this moment and
had been a long time, a Socinian meeting-house ! (Loud
cries of hear, hear.) He now came to the second point in the
resolution—the danger to the peace
.of the nation' from a
state of religious destitution. The wild delusions of the
chartists, and the awful blasphemies of the socialists, had
arisen chiefly from the want of religious instruction in the
mining and manufacturing districts. Hear a statement, how-
ever—
" We have, particularly in the manufacturing districts,
very large masses of people who have grown up in a .State of
society, which it is both lamentable and appalling to contem-
plate. They have,not grown up amidst the usual concomi-
tants of an ordinary state of society, under the hand pf early
instruction ; with places of worship to attend ; with their
opinions of property moulded by seeing it devoted to social
and charitable objects : and with it a fair and gradual sub-
ordination of ranks. But it is, in many cases, a society
necessarily composed of the working classes, with a few per-
sons to employ their labour, but with whom they have little
or no connection ;—and, unhappily, neither receiving in
schools nor in places qf worship, that religious and moral
instruction, which is necessary"to knit together the inhabi-
tants and classes of a great country."
Who said this ? Why no less a person than the Right
Hon. Lord John Russell, in the month of August last, whilst
moving for an increase of the army. How was this destitu-
tion to be supplied ? It was not possible that it could be
constitutionally supplied in any other way than through the
agency of the Church of England. (Cheers.) He had al-
luded to socialism. He held in his hand one of the most
awful publications he had ever seen issued by those infidels ;
it was called " The Holy Scriptures Analysed." It was a
book replete with awful blasphemy, and he had brought it
in order to read the motto. which they had selected for the
title page—" The Bible, contains details of ATROCITY at
which human nature shudders. Parts of the holy writings
consist of history, and of the narration of facts of a kind that
can not be mentioned in the presence of a virtuous woman
without exciting horror. Should a woman be pernatted to
read in her chamber what she would tremble to hear at her
domestic board ; could -she con over and revolve what she
had rather die than utter ?" Now whose sentiment was
this ? It was the recorded opinion of the right honourable
the vice-president of the board of trade, Richard Lalor Shiel.
(Hear, and :narks of surprise.) Here was a man who talked
of the atrocity and horror of parts of the Bible ; who had
said he would not allow his wife and daughters'to read them ;
but lie would let them read his own tragedies, and especially
his Evadne, the most disgusting and obscene dramatic pro-
duction he had ever read ! (Hear.) This book [" The Holy
Scriptures Analysed,") was largely circulated in the mining
and manufacturing districts ; he had procured his copy in
Manchester, and it would be found that wherever*the popu-
lation was the most poor and ignorant, books like this, of
the most awful character, did the most mischief. And what
must theie poor people think when they heard such senti-
ments as this issue from a privy councillor of the empire,
and from a man placed in the situation of a minister of the
crown? (Cries of shame.) It was plain to him that the
connection between cause and effect was never more clearly
exhibited than between the religious destitution complained
of, and the 'disaffection and discontent of the manufacturing
districts. Let him, therefore, again read from the statement
of a minister of the established church in one of these dis-
tricts, where church extension was most required :

"VRE MORAL CONDITION OP THE PEOPLE IS PRECISELY
WHAT MIGHT BE ANTICIPATED. • A mass of human depra-
vity has been suffered to accumulate, and vices of every kind
luxuriate amidst the stagnant waters of corruption. Intem-
perance is the master of sin ; but I fear that even St. Paul's
catalogue of the vices of the heathen might find, in our po-
pulation, many to appropriate its particular sins. I will not,
sir, 'enter upon the painful detail of facts, which; as a minis-
ter of religion, have come under my own observation. I
will not even hint at scenes of which my eyes have been
reluctant witnesses, and which have offended the light
of heaven. Suffice it to say, that early contamination,
from the association of the sexes ; an intemperate use
of malt liquor ; a disregard- to the social tie ; and a
consequent desertion of wives- and families, are fearfully
common, and, to adopt the words of the noble Lord already
qi . ted, exhibit a " state of society, which it is both lamentable
and appalling to contemplate." Who can wonder that, in
such a soil, the seeds of every error, moral and political, ger-
minate, and attain a vigorous growth? Can it be surprising,
that the profane doctrines and licentious practices of the So-
cialists, so congenial to the animal appetites of the ignorant,
find numerous abettors ?—lt is quite natural to suppose, that
in such a population, the demagogue and political firebrand
will find abundant materials for sedition, treason, and re-
bellion. And alas ! supposition has given place to certainty.
There is indisputable evidence, that the ramifications of the
late Chartist conspiracy were deep and numerous, in this
district. Two, at least, of theclass-meetings of those'unhappy
and infuriated men were statedly held within its precincts.
Nor, has a month elapsed, since blood was shed, by armed
rebels, within little more than a bow-shot from my own ha-
bitation ; and the town, as in the case of. Newport, was only
saved from the horrors of pillage and conflagration, by the
interposition of a gracious Providence. The outbreak has been
mercifully suppressed ; but the feelings, passions, and opinions,
which caused it, still ex st, in active though concealed, ope-
ration, awaiting a favourable opportunity, for a more tre-
mendous explosion. What may be the issue, is known only to
the great Author of Events ; but to me it appears certain, that
the present state of 'society cannot long exist. If there be
not a powerful reclaiming influence speedily exerted,- the
downward progression, towards anarchy and civil disorgani-
zation, will be rapid and irresistible. In these stateuients
. .

I am not a willing alarmist. I describe with reluctance a
state of society winch I know to exi6t around me, in my own
sphere of ministerial labour. And I fear it is but an average
sample of the general condition of the operative classes, iu
populous manufacturing towns."
There was a state of things ! The voluntary gentlemen
neither would nor could supply this deficiency. If they could
not, why did they prevent us from doing it ; and if they could
do it, why was it not done? (Loud cheers.) They knew
this state of things existed ; they saw it ; they heard it ; it
was around them on all sides ; and when we came forward,
after having made voluntary efforts to meet it unparalleled,
he repeated, since the first days of Christianity, these gentle-
men met in most unholy league, .to petition government to
refuse a single shilling of the public money for the extension
of the churchin the .destitute districts ! (Hear, hear.)—The
length of our report, together with a pressure of other mat-
ter, compels us reluctantly to give only a summary of tle
concluding portion of Mr. Ould 's admirable address. The
rev. gentleman next referred to the resolutions adopted at
the meeting against church extension, and exposed the falla-
cies of the principles upon which they professed to be found-
ed. The speeches of several orators on that occasion under-
went the same process, the true nature of the shoemaker
Thorogood's voluntary " martyrdom" being shewn to the
meeting Mr. Ould also shewed, in answer to Mr. Thom,
from the Rev. Mr. James's able letter, published in the Li-
verpool Standard of Friday, and from other sources, that the
charity of the dissenters bore no comparison whatever to the
benevolence of churchmen, and he concluded his able and
interesting address amidst loud cheers.
Mr. S. HoLmu being called upon to second the resolu-
tton was greeted with general cheering. He. said—Not being
aware until I entered the room a few minutes before my reve-
rend friend commenced his address, that I should he called
on to take any part in the proceedings of the evening, I
must confess myself in a great degree unprepared to do so,
as I have only been able to pencil a few scattered ideas amidst
the delightful interruptions I have had from his splendid
speech, and I shall best suit the convenience of the meeting
at this late hour by being brief, so as not to weaken the effect
already produced. When a French bishop once asked a pea-
sant how he liked his sermons, the man replied,—They are
very good but too long, and your lordship might recollect
that we peasants are like our own wine vats, when once filled,
it is of no use pouring more in, for it would be spilled, al-
though it was the best liquor in the world. (Laughter.) MN.:
reverend friend has just told us of a Romish priestwho stood
on this platform a few weeks ago, as the advocate of civil and
religious liberty. Is there liberty, either civil or religious, in
that country where his master the Pope is the temporal go-
vernor ? No ! And lam enabled to testify, by my own ex-
perience and observation, that whilst the Roinish hierarchy
is living in princely splendour and ostentatious magnificence,
the mass of the priesthood in Italy is ignorant, and many of
them semi-infidel, and the people sunk, both intellectually
and spiritually, to the lowest grade. Talk of civil and religious
liberty indeed! Why who can find in the Pope's dominions li-
beret laws, or seminaries for popular public instruction ? Where
are the scientific societies, the mechanics institutions, the
societies for expanding the human mind, spreading know-
ledge, and improving the condition of man? Not in Italy,
where the Pope reigns—not in Spain or Portugal where his
influence is paramount, but in protestant Scotland—(cheers)
—in protestant England—in protestant Germany. (Cheers.)
Protestantism is favourable to libel ty, Popery is not. The
one flourishes in the soil of liberty, the other fades, It is au
absurdity and hypocrisy then for a Romish priest so to talk,
for where the Pope is Sovereign there is only the liberty
of the slave. (Hear, hear, and cheers.) But, sir, we ought
to be thankful that we yet live under a better system, and
let us rejoice that by the wisdom and piety of kings and sena-
tors a purer church than that of Rome was established in
this kingdom long before the monk Augustine introduced the
dogmas of papal Rome into Britain ; and whatever may now
be said on the subject, it is a matter of history that popery
is a foreigner in England—that it is a novelty, and thata
pure and Gospel church existed in our land long before Au-
gustine set his foot on our soil. (Cheers.) And had it not
been for the piety of our forefathers, who endowed the
Church of England, hundreds of parishes would at this mo-
ment have been destitute of religious instruction. (Hear,
hear.) Far be it from me to decry the voluntary system as
an auxiliary. I can admire the principle which actuated and
still actuates many pious dissenters to make pecuniary sa-
crifices that the Gospel of Christ may be preached throughout
the land : but after all their praiseworthy exertions, I am
compelled to ask what has the voluntary system done? It
has left 80,000 persons in Manchester destitute of church
and chapel accommodation—in Leeds above 40,000—M
Birmingham 60,000—in Huddersfield and other large towns
a proportionate number—in the metropolis above a million—
and in the town of Liverpool about 60,000. (Hear, hear.)
In Glasgow, where the voluntary system has had fair plaY,
the most appalling spiritual destitution exists • and such has
been its effects on the morals of the people, that Mr. Sheriff
Alison has stated before a committee of the House of Com-
mons that every tenth house in that city is a spirit shop.
(Hear, hear.) If, therefore, I understand aright the argu-
ments of those orators who spoke in this room on the occa-
sion to which my reverend friend has alluded, and which be
has facetiously termed the voluntarious soiree, it is this--
True, thousands are perishing for the bread of life—true, the
voluntary system is unable to supply the demand and the
necessity now existing—true, a thousand souls are daily
passing into eternity in Great Britain alone—true, that the
majority of the dissenting chapels are plunged in pecuniary
difficulties, and steeped in mortgages; but it is better that
these thousands should perish, than that we should
lose the opportunities which this subject affords, of striking
heavy.blows against the church, which we secretly feel to be
a valuable national institution, and which is the strong bul-
wark ofthoseconst:tutionil and monarch!cd principles which
eve hate and detest. (Vehement cheering.) At that meeting
sir, they were all opposers, but none of them wereproposers;
(Laughter.). They opposed the church. but they propose"
nothing in lieu of her, unless indeed it be that theoretic sy''
tern which has so utterly failed. Let them do their worst,
the Church of England is rising—she is the casket which
contains the invaluable- gem. of our ,Protestant faith. .Loud
cheering.) She is the citadel in which scriptural truth has
been securely lodged- and handed dOwir insafety-till this day
and let us preserve that citadel froth destruction,.--that "e
may hand down to our posterity, tinextinguished,,theseo
ancestors. ptu
ral light which has been. beqtleatha to us by:ourTrotestant
(Cheering.) - . admit, non. the
Church of England is unfavvlanple to .the spread,of know-
ledge I, - fOr one, am desitous'Of seeing, knowledge and
science extended far and wide.; and I'earl Ttijoice in the tri-•
umphs of our mechanical skill, which can conquer the mightY
ocean, Van give wings to our vessels, acid Make those nations
our neighbours a
ours from which oceans separate us, (Hear.) -But
in common with that church which we are met to defend.

I cannot consent to place intellectual acquirements above
religious education. I cannot degrade the latter to secure
the former : and I ask, is secular education so valuable to an
immortal as well as an intellectual being, that we can afford
to throw overboard or cast into the shale, the knowledge of
Him in whom we live, and move, and have our being, and
who directs every pulsation of our uncertain frame ? (Cheers.)
Let me direct your attention to an extract from a dissenting
Publication which a rev, gentleman has just handed me,
and you will then see whether the charge may not be retorted
Upon dissent. (Here Mr. Holme read an article from the Eclectic
Review, complaining that all the upper classes. all learned and
scientific bodies and nearly all professional men, had or were se-
ceding from the ranks of dissent, that dissenting publications
werelanguishingtot want ofsupport,and with difficulty existed)
Mr. Ould has spoken of the Unitarian creed not being cal-
culated for the' Odor man. Some years ago, when passing
through Kidderminster, I was anxious to see Baxter's pulpit,
.11qt only because of its antiquity, but because of the associa-
tions which were identified with it. I found, on inquiry, that
it had been removed to the vestry of what was called the
new chapel; and, having been, gratified by the sight of it, I
asked my conductor, the sexton, whether the chapel had a
good congregation ? " Pretty good, sir," was his reply ; and
with much naivete, added, " It is very respectable, sir ; very,
indeed. We have hardly any poor people at all." Oh, then !
I said, this is a Unitarian chapel I suppose ? His reply was
in the. affirmative. (Hear.) So that the descendants of
Baxter's congregation have slidden down into Unitarianism,
and few poor people are found in it. But some dissenting
congll, regations make a better move. When the late Dr.
a name I desire to pronounce with the highest respect,
for Dr. WAR would have been an ornament to any church,
when he was removed to Manchester, such was the difficulty
of procuring a successor to that elegant and cultivated mind,
one that could give satisfaction to all parties in Macclesfield,
where he had ministered, that to put an end to the existing
differences of opinion, and to allay the jealousies that unfor-
. pthately prevailed, it was at last proposed that the chapel should
be converted into a church, and the nomination of a minister
he vested in the bishop of the diocese. This was accordingly
done; and the minister, appointed by his lordship soon col-
lected, amongst the members of the establishment, as much
money, or nearly so, 'as paid off the debt which hung over
the chapel, and it is now•belonging to the establishment, and
iI
ts Pulpit is filled by an able active minister of the church.
allude to the present St. George's Church, in Macclesfield.
(Loud cheering.) And I was yesterday told, at St. Helen's,
that there is in that town a large dissenting chapel almost
deserted by the congregation, because the minister will not
give up his pulpit in compliance with their wishes, and they
are thus attempting to starve him out. (Cheers and laugh-
ter.) I mention these things to show that crying abuses
exist amongst dissenters, and that Many of their most
respectable members acknowledge and lament it. (Hear.)
Sir, thy, Church of England. must awake from its lethargy,
and be no longer deterred from carrying the war into our
oPponent's camp. She must become aggressive against the
Principles of dissent and Popery now so strangely united—
against such heterogeneous mixtures as we lately saw in this
room. If she remains much longer quieScent, she will, as
an establishment, fall. (Hear, hear.) I hope, however, that
the legislature will be compelled to provide for the spiritual
destitution that exists : and seeing before me so many of the
working classes, and knowing well the privations to which so
of them are exposed by the fluctuations of trade, I
roust say that those who would deprive the working man of
the comforts
:which religion gives, cannot be his friends.
(Hear.) The brightest jewel in the monarch's crown is the
Established Church, based as it is on Protestant principles
-,7(elleers)—and I hope ere long to see its base extended 'in
Proportion to the spiritual destitution that exists, till not a
'look in the land shall be without its church : with a pious,
active, resident minister, who shall liv.e amongst his people,
their sorrows. (Loud cheering.) I hope the blessing of
God may rest on the association now formed by the young
men of this town to. defend our church; and I recommend
them to study well her history, particularly Milner, that they
maybe able to rebut the arguments brought against esta-
h ishments. And to the clergy I would say : in your hands,
stirnaillY speaking, the destinies of England are placed.
e‘ Your faces as flints against the infidel opinion that all
Creeds are alike; and that the legislature, in its official ca-
Pacity, may alike endow truth and error. You will be sup-
Ported by the laitY—(tremendous cheers)—and you will save
or country. To the working classes, I say, join this good
owork, preserve your church establishment, so that we may
eAibit one unbroken front, and that Liverpool may still, as
;.h.e has often done, give a tone to the country which shall be
Lett by those Who have the power to remedy the mischief they
have already caused. Mr. Holum ratired amidst the loudest
applause.
The CHAIRMAN then put the resolution, and it was una-
nimously carried.
ti The Rev. A. M`CoNKIE moved the adoption of the peti-
O, which he read at length ; and the motion havin4 been
seconded by Mr. W. P. LEETE, it was carried unanimously.
A vote of thanks to the CHAIRMAN was then carried on
aJthe_ motion of Mr. J. GRIFFITHS, seconded by the Rev. D.
assEs ; and the meeting separated about a quarter to 11
o'clock.