The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-09-21 00:00:00

and windosis

uld be walled up

THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.—Her Majesty's 16-gun
sloop Pilot, arrived at Plymouth on the 13th inst. She
left Simon's Bay on the 20th of July ; touched at St. He-
lena on the 3rd of August, and at Ascension on the 7th.
At the Cape of Good Hope nothing of importance had
I sub ,t rPnulse of the English forces

zranspirec. ..ise+quen. o t cp..—
by the Caffres, on the 15th of June, when Lieut. Russell,
of the 45th, was killed. The Governor, Sir Henry Pot-
finger, was on the frontier. It was reported that the
Boors near Port Natal were preparing to rise against the
Colonial Government. _ _ _ _

A report issued by the Montreal Board of Health, a
Ipy of which has been forwarded to us, gives a fearful

country, up to August 12th. iiuring tne preueunig
month, in only ten vessels which had arrived from this
country, there had been 804 deaths on the passage, and
847 sick on the arrival. The report speaks in the strong-
est terms of the want of accommodation on board the
emigrant ships, of the inefficient quarantine arrangements
in Canada, and of the want of proper means of forward-
ing the emigrants from Montreal to their destinations up
the country, and the extent of fever arising from their
herding together in that city. Up to the 4th of August,
70,000 immigrants from this country had reached Canada.
Between the sth of June and the 7th of August, 2,316
deaths of emigrants had occurred in Montreal, more than
five times the total mortality of the city during the same
time in 1846.

YELLOW FEVER IN AMERICA.-At New Orleans, on
the 13th inst., there were 53 deaths, of which 28 were
from yellow fever. The Delta in reference to this epi-
demic says :—" How distressing a contrast it makes to
compare our city at the present time with what it is in the
winter season. One may look upon the broad, populous
streets, that during other seasons are crowded with the
brave, the beautiful, and the fashionable. Cast your gaze
from St. Peter up Chartres-street; instead of finding the
street filled with all that is redolent of life in New Or-
leans, you find a blank. Here you see a solitary citizen;
who, through his business, is obliged to remain tugging at
the desk ; and another, who, from some cause or other,
pulls his occupation after him, in the same manner that
a dray-horse pulls his load. The levee is deserted, and the
forest of masts that skirted it have dwindled down to
almost nothing. The streets that in the winter time were
filled with all sorts of happy, joyous persons, are now
almost desolate ; and in fact the whole appearance of our
city is sadly against the prevalence of health. It is use
to conceal the fact—we are are now in the very centre
of an epidemic."—American paper.

AUSTRIA AND THE POPE.—The Austrian Ambassador
has delivered to the Pope a note from his Government,
intimating the utmost desire to preserve peace with- the
Holy Father. The representative of the Austrian Govern-
ment, in his note, assures his Holiness that the occupation
of Ferrara was a measure undertaken solely with a view to
the protection of his states ; and that so long as circum-
stances shall render the same necessary, Ferrara shall con-
tinue to be occupied. It appears that the Pope was not at
all satisfied with this communication. Everywhere the
national guard is being organized, and the Roman princes

have offered money to increase the power of the artillery.
The Augsburg Gazette states that the Pope has addressed
a note to all the sovereigns of Europe, relative to the
occupation of Ferrara. A secret consistory would be held
about the middle of September. The same paper contains
a statement to the effect that the French Government had
offered 12,000 muskets to the Pope, to whom several
Frenchmen, Poles, and other foreigners bad tendered
their services. Letters from Turin of the 9th instant an-
nounce the arrival there of Monsignor Corbolli Bussi, who
had been sent by the Pope to negotiate an offensive and
defensive alliance between Piedmont and Rome. Tuscany
was believed to have already adhered to the alliance.
FREE TRADE CONGRESS AT BRUSSELS.—The exposi-
tion of Belgian manufactures, in connection with the Free
Trade Congress, which was to assemble on the 16th inst.,
is now going on at Brussels, and is being attended by
many of the most eminent men and commercial authori-
ties of England and France. Free trade and postal re-
forms are the principal subjects for discussion ; and, be-
fore they separate, the congress is to decide upon the
place and time for a similar meeting next year. Among
the Englishmen who had arrived at Brussels on Wednes-
day last, were Colonel Thompson, M.P., Mr. Daniell,
M.P., Dr. Bowring., M.P., Mr. Brown, M.P., Mr.
M'Adam, Secretary of the Irish Flax Improvement So-
ciety. M. De Lamartine has accepted an invitation.
The first sitting of the Congress took place on Thursday,
when, in addition to the gentlemen mentioned, and
others, Mr. W. Ewart was present. The president was
M. Ch. de Brouchere (late Minister of War and Finance).
Col. Thompson was appointed one of the vice-presidents.
The President, in his opening address, alluded to the im-
portance of their meeting, and said that they were only
putting in practice the divine precept of the gospel, " Love
one another." Several lengthy addresses were delivered
by distinguished foreigners, and during the day Dr. Bow-
ring, Col. Thompson, ane Mr. Ewart expressed their
sentiments. After 1.);. Peostring's address, M. Duchateau
(de Valenciennes), secretary of a committee for the pro-
tection of native industry, followed in a protectionist ad-
dress, in -which he impugned Dr. Bowring's reading of
history when he praised the moderation of England. The
greatest respect is paid to the English legislators who are
present. Tne sittings of the Congress are held in the
hall of the Hotel-de-Ville. It is a long and lofty chamber,
with a dais at the upper end. Here was placed the table
of the president and vice-presidents. On the level of the
floor, at the side of the hall, and to the right of the presi-
dent, was the tribune for the speakers, a simple semicir-
cular pulpit, decorated with a slight drapery of blue stuff.
The tables for the journalists were ranged along the side
of the hall under the windows. The wall behind the pre-
sident's table was decorated with the flags of the different
nations represented in Congress. A space was railed off
at the lower end of the chamber, and thrown open to the
general public.

PICTURE OF A SICK SIIIP.—The following letter is
from an intelligent officer on board of the United States
steamer Mississipi, of the Hospisal, Pensacola, Aug. 15,
1847, addressed to his friend in Washington:—" Since I
wrote by the Potomac, a cloud of continued misfortune
has been around us. Sickness, death, and suffering have
become too familiar, and the heart almost hardens at the
constant scenes of suffering around one, which it has been
my lot to witness. After the fire, which, though a great
calamity, proved a proud triumph in shewing the steady
nerve and cool _determination of all on board, death has
walked abroad amongst us, and disease has been our con-
stant companion. The ship has been sometimes almost
deserted, and at others, loaded with poor fellows brought
to a state of helplessness by the sad inroads of disease. It
is a painful sight to see the poor fellows, whose stout arms
and manly voices have given us confidence in the fight,
fall helpless before us, victims to the pestilence that
creepeth noiselessly amongst us: and, amongst the very
many trying parts of an officer's duty, none is more so than
the maintenance of a cheering mein, and a firm adherence
to duty, where hundreds lie sick around him ; but, thank
God, the few of us who have been left on board, through
all our difficulties, have been able to do so well as to re-
ceive the welcome commendations of onr gallant old Com-
modore. We all left our station before the enemy with
great reluctance ; but the unqualified decision of the sur-
geons compelled us to seek some place where our poor
fellows could be properly attended to. It was, indeed,
bard though when we arrived here yesterday morning,
and sent our letters on shore, to have them returned to us
by the commandant of the yard, with a message that they
could not be sent until the authorities of Pensacola decided
what was done with the ship. In the ports of the Medi-
terranean, where the absurd strictness of the quarantine
laws is carried out without mitigation, it is always allowed
to send letters ; and even though a ship comes from those
places where the plague sometimes prevails, one can, by
sending a mail through the quarantine office, let one's
friend's know that he is alive. Here, in our own country,
where a daily mail is coming from New Orleans and Mo-
bile, both the seat of the severest form of the disease which
prevails on board this ship—we, coming from the seat of
war, surrounded with every circumstance to keep the feel-
ings of our friends most anxiously excited, are absurdly
debarred the privilege of letting our wives and families
know that we have been mercifully spared from the mis-
fortunes of war and pestilence. Who will relieve the an-
xious hours of those who know those they love best ought
to be on board ; but see by the papers that the ship has
anchored at Pensacola, and receive no tidings to rclicl-c
their two well-founded apprehensione."

?THEMORRORS OF THE EIATGRANT FEVER.--LBy the
end•of the season there is little doubt that the immigra-
tion into Canada alone will have amounted to' 100,000 ;
nearly all from Ireland. We know the condition in.which
these poor creatures embarked on their perilous adven-
ture. They were only flying from one form Of death.
On the authority of the Montreal Board of Health, we
are-enabled to state that they 'were allowed to ship in
numbers two or three times greater than the same-vessels
would have presumed to carry to a United States port.
The 'worst horrors of that slave trade which it is the boast
or the ambition of this empire to suppress, at any cost,
have been re-enacted in the tight of British subjects
from their native shores. In only ten of the vessels that
arrived at Montreal in July, four from Cork and six from
Liverpool, out of 4,427 passengers, 'BO4 had died on the
passage, and 847 were sick on their arrival; that is, 847
were visibly diseased, for the result proves that a far
larger number had in them the seeds of disease. " The
Larch," says the Board of Health on August 12, " re-
ported this morning from Sligo, sailed with 440:passen-
gers, of whom 108 died on the passage, and 150 were sick.
The Virginius sailed with 486-158 died on the passage,
186 were sick, and the remainder landed feeble and tot-
tering ; the captain, mates, and crew were all via. The
Black Hole of Calcutta was -a -mercy compared to the
holds of these vessels. Yet simultaneously, as if in re-
proof of those on whom the blame of all this-wretched-
ness must fall, foreigners, Germans from Hamburgh and
Bremen, are daily arriving, all healthy, robust, and
cheerful." This vast unmanageable tide of population
thus thrown upon Montreal, like the fugitives from some
bloody defeat, or devastated country, has been -greatly
augmented by the prudent, and, we must add, most
necessary, precautions adopted in time by the ',United
States, where more stringent sanitary regulations,, en-
forced by severer penalties, have been adopted to save the
ports of the Union from those very horrors which a pa-
ternal GOvernment has suffered to fall upon 'Montreal.
Many of these pest ships have been obliged to alter their
destination, even while at sea, for the St. Lawrence. At
'Montreal a large proportion of these outcasts have lin.
•gered from sheer inability to proceed. The inhabitants
of course have been infected. Frcm the official returns
of burials at Montreal, for the nine weeks ending August
7, it appears that in the city three died during that period
'924 residents and 806 emigrants, making a total of 1,730
deaths. Besides these, 1,510 emigrants died at the sheds,
making a grand total of 3,240 in the city of Montreal and
its et. tempore lazaretto, against only 488, including,resi-
dents and emigrants, for the corresponding weeks last
year.

A. still more horrible sequel is to
vivors have to wander forth and find bon

trewed on the snow when a Canadian winter on,

IRELAND.

The su.
Who ca

ENORMOUS POTATO PRODUCE.-Mr. Byrne, gardener
toW illiam Furlong, Fsq., of Brooklawn, Blackrock, county

instant: found uncle; one stalk fifty sound potatoes varying
in size, and which weighed altogether one stone three
pounds. This enormous produce is from one potato,
planted whole. We believe they are called " lumpers."
THE MONSTER MEETING AT HOLYCROSS.—Prepara-
tions on a gigantic scale, it is boasted, are making for the
contemplated gathering at Holycross in ostensible con-
nexion with the tenant league movement, in pursuance of

of over three hundred of the tenant-farmers of the barony
of Eliogarty was held at Thurles on Sunday week, when a
series of resolutions were adopted.
The Ballinasloe Star states that four men had been
arrested on suspicion of murdering Patrick Costelloe, a
driver, who was found lying dead in the road to Mount
Bellew, on Tuesday week. The murder seems to have
been perpetrated by striking their wretched victim with
stones. His chin was broken, his teetlrknocked out, and
literally scattered on the road, and his ear cut in two ; his
nose was also broken, and his head dreadfully fractured.
RENEWAL OF THE O'CONNELL TRIBUTE.—A letter,
signed " Amiens Patrice," appears in the Freeman of
Saturday morning, suggesting that as O'Connell left Ins
sons too slender a patrimony to support them in the patriotic
career which he and their own choice have marked out for
them through life," a fund of £lOO,OOO should be raised
to " secure to them a suitable independence, to enable
them to devote exclusively to our rights and our liberties
their talents and services."
THE IRISH CONFEDERATION.—This body—an off-shoot
from the repealers—seems to be composed of more warlike
members than the original association. At the last meet-
ing the Rev. Mr. Meahan urged the necessity of a move-
ment for the assistance of the Pope. He did not believe
in the coward doctrine. that the sword and the cross were
incompatible. The priests and the friars of Ireland were
ready to march to battle side by side with laymen. He
read a passage from an Italian work, to show that a former
Pope sent assistance to Ireland when she wanted it, in the
form of muskets, pikes, pistols, bayonets, powder, shot,
&c. (Cheers).

A MOST EXTRAORDINARY DECISION. —The Dublin
Journal of Friday records a most extraordinary and unac-
countable decision made by the Lord Mayor on Thursday.
The case involved a claim made upon Mr. Grogan, M.P.,
for £5 10s. on account of expense, incurred by William
White, of Eyrecourt, in coming to Dublin to vote at the
late election, for Mr. Grogan. The payment, by a member
of Parliament, or his accredited agents, of any such de-
mand, would constitute certain grounds for a petition to
unseat him. It would, in fact, be bribery. Nevertheless,
the Lord Mayor made an order against Mr. Grogan for the
amount claimed. This decision seems to us so strange
that we cannot but believe there has been some misappre-
hension on the part of the reporters.
The Cork Examiner gives the following description of

the mode of living adopted by a crowc
ejected from some land near Dungarvan

of poor wretches

At one

quarter, where a band of stones run along a high road,
they have formed in it cells of a few feet wide. Here
whole families have been thrown promiscuously, whose
condition is an offence to the feeling of the .community.
Pent up in such dens, fever preys incessantly upon the
bodies of those miserable creatures. It appears that the
magistrates, conscious of the disgrace. of suffering the
neighbourhood to be barbarised by such spectacles, tried
to repress them by the powers of the new vagrant law;
but from the numbers to be dealt with, after the first dis-
play of legal severity, the attempt had to be abandoned as
absurd and inhuman.

REPEAL. —At the meeting on Monday, Mr. John
O'Connell adverted at some length to the affairs of Italy,
and expressed his regret that Ireland had not a domestic
legislature which would not hesitate for a moment in es-
pousing the cause of the Pope. The Rev. Mr. Coghlan
expressed his opinion that Ireland should demand from
Government permission to make a demonstration in fa-
vour of his Holiness. If permitted, he had no doubt but
an army of 50,000 men could at once be raised to fight
under the standard of independence in Italy, and protect
the sovereign Pontiff in his glorious career against oppres-
sion and tyranny. Mr. P. S. Butler, M.P., said that,
notwithstanding the abundant harvest, the labouring po-
pulation would be in a worse position during the ensuing
winter than they were at the same period last year. The
rent was £67.
THE LATE MELANCHOLY OCCURRENCE AT CASHEL.—
Mr. Francis O'Ryan, jun., has addressed a letter to the
Tipperary Vindicator, in the course of which he denies
in the most positive terms the horrid charge preferred
against him by his father as being totally at variance with
the real facts of the case. He says that on the night in
question he retired to bed early, suffering from toothache
and swelled face, that his mother-in-law, hearing his
groans as she passed his room, entered it, and that his
father, with whom he had been on bad terms for some
time, rushed into the room violently accusing both. on
which the lady retired, and Mr. O'Ryan, sen., locked his
son's door, taking the key with him. The latter called to
him for the key—their bed-rooms adjoining each other—
, and was answered by a pistol-shot. The lady has been
married 9 years and has had two children by her husband.
STATE OF SKIBBEREEN.—This ill-fated district seems
destined to preserve a melancholy notoriety. The North-
ern Whig publishes the following extract of a letter,
dated Sep. 7, addressed to a gentleman in Belfast by a
friend who lately visited Skibbereen :—" I have been for
a week past staying here, in the neighbourhood of Skib-
bereen, of famine notoriety. It is impossible to convey
to a stranger any adequate idea of the state of things
in the parishes about this quarter. It is, perhaps, a
low estimate, to say that one-fourth of the population
have perished. You may see house after house shut up,
all their former inmates being•dead ; and there is scarcely
a farmer's family that has not been more or less thinned.
The mortality among 'children was terrific ; infants died
in hundreds, their mother's breasts yielding them no
nourishment. The misfortune is, that whole districts are
lying waste and uncultivated, save only where the scat-
tered gentry, having got up some farms, have, by dint of
exertion, succeeded in getting them cropped. The pros-
pect is most alarming. What the famine and pestilence
did before, the present dread of ruinous taxation is now
doing. People are getting more and more indifferent
about agriculture, thinking they will only expend money
in raising harvests which the tax-collector will reap.
There is a complete reign of terror about here."