The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-06-22 00:00:00

THE EXHIBITION AT THE COLLEGIATE.

INSTITUTION.

The splendid Polytechnic Exhibiticn at the Collegiitte
Institution was opened yesterday, for the display of valued
and varied works of art and vertu, working machinery
for manufactures, models, nautical and architectural,

sLe., .begides numerous theatrical and scenic
representations -and illusions, lectures on scientific sub-
jects, an artificial. frozen lake for the practice .of skaters,
a labyrinth formed of real trees ; and,. in fine, every thing
that can interest the student in arts and sciences,. and
antiquities in natural and mechanical philosophy, or, in
modern discoveries, inventions, improvementat_ and
designs.
e first visited the lower or ground story. The great
attraction here is the skating, or ice lake, constructed in
one of the largest apartments, under the superintendence
of the patentee of the artificial ice. The scene represents
a Swiss lake, that (we believe) of Lucerne, surrounded by.
large and other fir trees, &c., real rocks, and churches anti
other edifices-illuminated, in the foreground, and enclosed
within abrupt and piqued mountains—the whole- clad in
the snowy garb of winter. At one end there is a rustic
bridge of two arches, through which the spectators, from
what represents a beach or shore, obtain delightfuLviews
of the lake and the skaters, the rocks, wood, ice-bound
eminences. &c. ; and the perspective being welt. main-
tained, the illusion is most striking and effecive. The
evergreens, branching out, overhang the lake. A'portion
of the ice is marked dangerous." The rock-work 'was
planned by: the patentee alluded to, and the painting was
executed by. our talented townsman, Mr. Parker, scene
painter. There are 1,500 square feet of artificial ice—
s preparation of salts brought into a state of crystalization..
This is flooded on the floor, and immediately-.becomes a
solid bed, like crystal, only one-third less slippery than
real ice—an advantage to beginners in the art of skating,
particularly in forming figures. There is a room .for the
fitting-on: of skates ; and we learn that the whole will be
kept permanent, for the practice of the amusement of
skating, by the pupils of the establishment.
In the south-east yard is constructed the labyrinth, a•
curious, combination of intricate avenues formed through
pine trees, shrubs, &c., with a large square area in the
centre..
In the several rooms, all devoted to the,respective de-
partments, we observed fine specimens of ancient oak,
furniture, richly carved and turned, stuffed birds, exam-
ples of carving in picture frames, &c., the work going on ;
chemical apparatus, Millner's patent safety boxes, &c.
1;.
a working model of an atmospheric railway, ag
Ist:gearn,l,
highly complicated lace working machine, wit h ua
at, work, by which many, breadths of fine lace are produced
in one broad web, and. afterwards separated by drawing-a
tcborgaliosa,
ribbon loom at work ; a museum of Chinese
pictures, &c. ; a mother-of-pearl button
' snaking machine at work ; numerous .working models of
steam engines, models of various kinds of steam-boilers ;
new gas meters, binnacles, many beautiful models a: ships.
and vessels of different countries and classes ; a fine col-
lection of ancient armour, and figur,es of armed g
kn. hts
some of them of an, Interesting period in history, sent by
the mayor of Worcester; many fine designs for stained
glass, eclesiastical and domestic, sent by our townsman
Mr. Forrest ; a ,vast collection of antiquities, including
the curious arm zhair formed out of a knarled hollow tree,
and which belonged to the late Rev. Adam Clarke ; fine
prints and works of art, sent by;Mr. Grundy, of Church-
street ; architectural models, in white marble, composi-
tion, &c., stuffed animals ; elegant cabinet work and
furniture ; glass-blowing, glass-cutting, and pipe making
going on ; experiments (with lectures) on gun-cotton,
electricity, and galvanism ;;• specimens illustrative of
ancient history ; drawings, maps, and penmanship, by the
pupils, as fine in appearance as if engraved;. fustain-cut-
ting in operation ; vast specimens of fossils and minerals ;
Dr. Rafdes's valuable collection of autographs of the
great, perhaps the finest-in the kingdom; M'lntosh and
Co.'s patent india-rubber, piping, bands, &c. ; beautiful
patterns of paper hangings ; collections of specimens of
valuable articles of commerce ; fine manufactures in da-
mask, including a splendid table cloth by Messrs. Hen-
derson, of Dunfermline, beautifully representing the
Liverpool Sailors' Home ; statuary in marble, &c., &c.
In the theatre of the institution is fitted up a panorama,
painted on" 6,000 feet of canvas ! Here there will also be
a daily succession of instructive and of amusing lectures,
music, concerts, &c. The celebrated Mr. Rafter, the
tenor singer, is engaged. There are also several rooms
fitted up for various scenic representations ; to wit, the
" Theatre de
.petit Lazari," in which small' automaton
figures perform as speaking actors, dancers, &c., and also
exhibit various transformations ; a room for dissolving
views, and phantasmagoria ; a panoramic representation
of Sidney and Hobart Town, with, in the same room, a
ludicrous system of producing metamorphoses of visitors
who gaze, as it were, at their own reflected likenesses ; a
theatre of natural magic, or necromancy ; the " Invisible
Girl," who answers questions in a wonderful way, &c.
In the lobbies and on the grand staircase there are nu-
merous objects of interest of various descriptions. There
is a splendid fountain, with basin, plants, &c., on the first
landing.
The PICTURE GALLERY, at the top of the building,
contains one of the finest and most valuable collections,
both by ancient and modern masters, that has perhaps
ever been exhibited in this or any other country. We
have not room, however, to point out more than a com-
paratively few of the masterly original productions which
struck us as the most worthy of admiration.
ANCIENTS,—On the east side of the room :—A glorious
large Rubens, representing the artist as St. George and
his three wives, with other figures ; a fine cattle and sheep
piece, by Rosa de Tivoli ; a cattle piece by Cuyp, beauti-
fully luminous in colouring, the property of Lord Sandon ;
Still Life, by ---, dated 1291 ; several fine Canaletti's ;
and many others, some few of which have before been
exhibited, but are well worthy of a repeated inspection.
MoDEßNs,—West side of the room :—Tintern Abbey,
by Cresswick ; Liverpool, with shipping, by Chambers ;
one of Cooper's finest cattle pieces ; a beautiful view of
Dozebrook ; No. 48, a fine picture by Richard Wilson ;
59, fine forest and stag: scene, by Branwhite ; ruins of
Tintern Abbey, by Glover, of Liverpool ; No. 10, land-
scape, by Pyne ; No. 22, by Herbert : rustic bridge and
forest, by Constable; the original "return from hawking,
(from the Earl of Bridgwater) ; Caleb Belderstoue polish-

bins 22, IS-ii.

ing the plate ; stopping the supplies, ludicrous and good;
118, fine portrait, by Eastlake ; several pieces by Cress-
wick, R. A. ; 128, fine portrait, by Dyce, A. R. A. t 142,
villainously good likeness of Robespierre; fine Italian
scene, by Calcott, equal to Claude; 206, girl taking a
frightened child over style; fotir landscapes, by Richard
Wilson ; battle of Drumclog, by Harvey ; Endymion, by
Howell, R. A. ; fine piece by Roberts, R. A. ; &c.
Such are a few only of the paintings and articles on
view ; but weshall return to the subject. We cannot
conclude without remarking that the committee deserve
great praise for their zeal and exertions in bringing about
so fine a collection ; but we think a few days' delay in
opening would have enabled them to have arranged every
room without hurry, and with more precision,

CORRESPONDENCE.

HARBOURS OF REFUGE.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDAR-It
SIR,—BeAg a subscrioer to the STANDARD, I observed, With
much pleasitre, your statement on the 15th instant relative to
the construction of a Harbour of Refuge at Holyhead, which'
now, at last, engqgea the attention of influential and scientific'
men. I perused the statement for and against the locality of
Holyhead with great interest, and it forcibly struck me (not
for the first time) that a work Of such magnitude, and such vast
national importance, can hardly expect to meet the views of
every observer. if ebrifined' only to one locality. During the
last 20 years the late Sir Wm. Hillary, Bart., brought the sub-
ject of a national Harbour of Refuge in St. George's channel
frequently before the' public. On all such occasions he gave
preference to Douglas-Bay, and I beg to- refer to his pamphlets
for his reasons for that-purpose. My own opinion always has
been that Douglas Bay, though possessed of numerous recom-
mendations, is much tooglinited in extent to contain a national
harbour for the western coast of England, and Holyhead is far
superior in that respect to Douglas, beet it appears to be ob-
jected to on grounds from which Douglas Bay is entirely ex-
empt. This bay is easily approached in heavy weather—during
' all winds—and the anchorage'is sound and firm ; and from the
Limestone beds of rock on the Castletown shore, about four
- miles off, most durable blockwelimestone of any dimensions
could be readily brought by sa in any quantity, and massive
grey rack is abundant, now at hand. Now, what- wish to re-
mask is—that it would partake in some degree of folly to ex-
pend so lerge a sum as .t-1,800,000 ona locality so queSticrnable
as Holyhead seems to be ; or, indeed, on 4Lny one single bur-
bour. I think that instead of expending such a vast sum of
money on one single harbour of refuge, however extensiveit
may be, it would give a far more practicable certainty of pro.
viding the required shelter for the navigation of the channel
to build two or more harbours of refuge, which would prove,
available to.vessels according to the circumstances which might
lead them to look for shelter. Say that.Holyhead be the pnn-
cipal harbour, constructed at an expense considerably less
than at present contemplated, (say at .e 1,000,000,) and thatthe'
£BOO,OOO, be employed in the localities adjacent, such as Doug--
las Bay. Were this plan acted on, vessels that could not nihke
Holyhead in a storm could run for Douglas Bay, which is most
readily approached at times when Holyhead • is made with dif-
ficulty. It has been calculated that £400,000 *mild he a sum'
sufficient to senclOse upwards of 20 acres of the present anchor-
age at Douglas, which would be quite suflreient for all vessels
that might miss, or be obliged, to avoid Holyhead.
Having made these suggestions, I beg to apologise for thus,
trespassing on your time and space.—l am, sir, yours, &c.,
June 17,1847. H.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.
SIR,—As the Mercury is not "my paper," I only chanced to
see, in yesterday's publication, a letter numbered 9, headed
Persecutions of (Roman)'Catholics by Protestanbi, or to that
effect. Now as I haven'ot had the patience to peruse the pre-
vious communications of the writer, who signs himself "A Con-
vert," I know not what misrepresentations have composed
them, nor with what glaring falsities his Papist rSaders have
been crammed, but my intention merely is to suggest one or
two considerations whichit may be profitable to bear in mind,'
be his charges true or false.
Frst then let it be borne in mind, that, stung with the
memory of recent events, cherishing and feeding their evil
passions by the recollection' of the frightful atrocities -which
had befallen their ancestors and from which they had very
narrowly escaped, and a recurrence of which they naturally
feared, it cannot much be wondered at if all the motives'
mingled together, which such a conjunction of circumstances
might produce, if the spirit of revenge, or retaliation, or fear
prompted these men so wickedly to imitate, in some degree,
the actions of their unrelenting former persecutors, whOm
they thought violence only could repress, and who, like a caged
lion, raged and burned to be upon them. It was at worst but
the teaching themselves had taught,. and the natural (not the --
Christian,) result of their own example. Secondly, whatever
the infuriated passions of particular men may have goaded':
them on to, or whatever their fears may haVe thought expedi-
ent to adopt, no stigma rests on the English Church. There is
this great difference then between Protestant and Popish per-
secutions:—those of the latter were enacted in obedience to
the commands of Holy Mother Church, in the canting bom-
bast which Papists so blindly use, whilst the former received
their condemnation from the expressed principles of our own
Church. I shall not attempt, (tact is 'needless) to deny that
many called Protestants have thought it an act of religion to
attempt the extermination of the system which they judged to
be opposed to the truth. My charge however is not so much
against Papists as against Popery. The guilty passions of men
cannot be pleaded for. I accuse the Church of holding avowed
principles, inculcating settleddoctrincs, advocatin persecution.
It cannot be said, " See what Protestants• have cone; must it •
not be expected that the English Church shall do likewise
whenever opportunity offers?" I say see what the English
Church is, though she has the opportunity, see what she has
been through centuries, see what her principles are, and her
practice; and toleration, rot in deeds of4reason or rebellion,
but of conscience and religion, is inscribed on all her profes-
sions., and visible in all her actions. But Ido say, see what the
Ronnsll Church is; see what she has beewsince corruption and
avarice first resolved what was once pure Christianity into •
Popery and superstition ; see what her avowed* principles are ;
read her written decrees; watch the developement of these de- •
vastating doctrines of the Evil One. Every, year as they point
the head through the various countries of Europe, and then it
may well be inferred what is to be expected,. but that when •
Popery "comes in under a general toleration," she will now
grow rampant "under a general persecution." But there is
oheinstance given in this " No. 9," characteristic I doubt not
of almost all the charges hunted out, heaped up against Pro-
testants in his past weekly lucubrations. One " Martyr" to the
severe enactment which prohibited men of his principles from
remaining in England under pain of death, became a victim to
~ his own temerity. To what think yon was this champion of
' treason a martyr? To the Gospel ? To even his own Church?
No. He was "martyred" because he denied. the Queen's su-
premacy. So, out of the hundred, (I think this was the num-
ber,.l. quote from memory,) a traitor, a sower of sedition, a
rebel fanatic, is the one unfortunately picked out as a monu-
ment of Protestant persecution and Popish i devotion ! Surely
the writer has truly, if not warily, identified the heartless con-
federacy of Rome with treason and traitors:
I, would now wish to say a few words as to a certain ambigu-
ous.use'he makes of the word " Catholic,",.—he speaks of the
Catholic Religion, under which title I suppose, from- the whole
tenor of his remarks, we must imagine the Romanist faith.
Now, sir, it is mere child's play and empty bornhaststo attempt,
lathe 19th century, to deceive English Churchmen with these •
convenient epithets or cognomens, as they.very well know that
their. own beloved branch of Christ's Church possesses the best
and truest claim to orthodox Catholicity. Away then with the
idle talk about " The Catholic Religion."' Shew me one thing -
that the Roman Church holds in common with the Apostles -
andthe Fathers of the Church up to the- fifth century, and I
will show a hundred which it holds at variance with them.
What is Catholic about her? Is worshipping the Host Catho-
lio? Is. the doctrine of indulgences Catholic? Is bowing
down to images Catholic? Is that the Catholic faith, which .
comprises twelve articles, or doctrines, thrust upon the faithful,
which Paul never taught, nor the Church ever heard of, but,
as heresies' till centuries of its brightest-annals had fled
Is that the Catholic Church. which cuts, off from salvation all
that will not bow the knee to that visionary pagod of Rome, of
whom Paul, Peter, John Cyprian, Jerome, Chrysostom never •
heard, and whose wild and unnatural claims were never put
forth but the latter condemned them,, scouted them, and de-
nounced them ? Catholicity indeed was lost in the darkness of
Popish Idolatry. It was lost in superstition and worldliness
for many centuries, until it again burst forth in so/ITau:tilt
of its
effulgence in England, and Popery
resto
favoured did
restore]
tomost_
primitive splendour andpurigietoseits,
from the earth, till the
osirownßeformation.
and members of. the. Church.—
Catholic I If the apostles,
Catlolic, then assuredly is the jewel still
primitive Church
diadem, and the Papists must be
preserved in our . heretics..
If that was the Catholicfaith in which those holy apostles and
martyrs lived and died, which surrounded them with a, halo of
light in the first ages of the
worstChh, and lighted their,Pat,ll,,,t:';
heaven, then immaculate do ll preserve it, in tli
communion with the Primitive Church ; and these Papists, Nv,".
all their idle pretensions and boasted, infallibility, are nOtiunb
but perverters, renegades, and apostates. I speak,tliii in. Per-
fect charity, for I cannot relinquish charity when. I hold to the
truth. Truth needs no apology, and therefore it shall have
none.

NIGEL.

19th June, 1847,

---•-.140--.--.•

LAIWERTISEMENTI
THE REGISTERED PALETOT. CASE.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL,STANDVRA
SIR,—In your report of the proceedings,before the, Vice-
Chancellor of England on .Saturday, June 12th, you describe
ourselves as receiving the protection of the Court in respect to
an infringement of our patented right to an invention,. anti by
an assumption of the title by which it has been publiclyknown.
From the great popularity we have attained by, the sale of the
subject of the injunction, a garment styled theßegistered
Paletot, of Llama Cloth, it may be assumed t thepublie will
be somewhat interested with. the precise fac of the case.
It has already been described, that, w n first introducing
our invention, we with much care select a name hitherto un-
known in this country.; as, tracing th ori,,,,in of the word pa-
letot, it was shown that it was derived fora the Greek, adopted
by the Roman, and. afterwards by the French linguists. " Cir-
cumjicitur corpori pallium habitue Griecoruin" ; by Bayley,
thus, paletoque, or pallescote, a coat with sleeves.
That we exercised due caution in selecting an, unusual name
A
has, by the result of'these rec t proceedings. in the Court of
Chancery, been-fully proved. r such, unfortunately, is the
state of competition of trade, r the envy of individuals engaged
in it, that, should eminent patronage and success attend any
member in particular, he .is immediately subjected to the like
injury of which we have bad cause to complain. Now, had we,
advertised our invention simply as a new overcoat, it is more-
than probable that, ere this, we should have been confounded,
with-the many advertisers that since our appearance before the
public have assumedla somewhat similar description to that.;
which from the first has been, employed by us.
The defendant in Phis case, being perhaps more conspicuous.
than the rest, was first selected to be an example, as we are now
determined to enforce our rightful claim to the originality(as
far as regards the -English language) of the title Registered
Paletot of Lieu* Cloth; but yet being unwilling to proceed,
against those who may have unguardedly used a similar title
without first giving them notice. We would, therefore, respect-.
fully beg permission, through the medium of your columns.
. now to notify this our intention with regard to all present or
future copyists; for it would appear, from the affidavits made
by Messrs. llawbarn and Son, of Liverpool, Messrs. Waring
and Son, of Birmingham, as, also, many of our other influential
agents, that they have experienced equal inconvenience with
ourselves through so many tradesmen in their neighbourhood
assuming the same, or a similar unauthorized, title to that of
the Registered Paletot of Llama Cloth. It may be judicious
here to explain, that we believe that, had a continuance of these
unfair proceedings been allowed, we should have been seriously
injured should purchasers have been induced to believe that
these piracies were articles of our manufacture, the moderate
charge and excellence of which, has induced patronage, extend-,
ing from the Royal families, both here and on the continent,.
together with the principal members of the court and the pro-
fessions, as, alsb, general favour with the great middle classes
of this country. •
Being well aware of the interest taken by the press in discou-
raging all grievous annoyances that may affect industrious
energy or deter persons with capital from developing any new
manufacture. we unhesitatingly present this matter to the
notice of your readers, some of whom may, perhaps, be on the
point of introducing to the public some patented improve-
ment upon some other article of highly useful, yet ordinary,
nature, that they may be thus forewarned to select some
original or distinguishing title. Otherwise, so many merits as
the invention may possess over anything else of its kind in
existence, so many envious competitors will it excite to use
every means in their power, be they fair or unfair, to share
some portion of its fame, knowing well, at the same time, that
their false imitations are similar only in name, and that they
dare not actually infringe the patent or design.
Trusting you will esteem these remarks worthy of insertion.
we have the honour to be, your obedient servants.
H. J. and D. NICOL,
114, Regeot-rfreet, qn4 22, Conahill, London.