The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1838-01-09 00:00:00

EDUCATION

rpHE Messrs. FISH ERviii lEN their ACADEMY,
A. 21), GREAT GEORGE-STREET, on TUESDAY, the 16th inst.,
where YOUNG GENTLEMEN are carefully instructed in the
Ancient and Modern Languages, Mathematics, Comerce, and
all branches of Science and General Literature, so as to qualify
them for any University or for Mercantile Pursuits.
N.B.—The Foreign Languages will be taughleby an eminent
Scholar from the Continent, who will reside i the Family and
practise the Pupils in French Conversation.
P.S.—The Messrs. F. have recently erect ri a. handsome and
spacious New School-room, which is well lighted, and fitted up
with every convenience. They have likewise, for the accommo-
dation of additional Boarders, enlarged the Premises in Great
George-street; and, on the former Play-ground they have also
erected a large airy Gymnasium : so that every requisite is pro-
vided for health, comfort, and an efficient education.

VERY SUPERIOR
ROSEWOOD WORK BOXES, WRITING DESKS, &c.
s. d.

6-inch Work Box. 3 6
8-inch Ditto
10-inch Ditto
12-inch Ditto
*lO 6
11-inch Rosewood Dask lO 0
14-inch Ditto • l7 0
18-inch Mahogany Ditto 20 0
20-inch. Ditto 23 0

The Public are respectfully invited to an inspection of a very
elegant and extensive assortment of Work Boxes, Writing
Desks, Dressing Cases, &c., &c., which will be found, on ex-
amination, of excellent quality, and the above prices must
afford a convincing proof that Purchasers will effect a consider-
able saving by selecting their goods at
THE CIVET CAT,
61, LOUD-STREET, LIVERPOOL.

R. TAYLOR,
BOOKSELLER, STATIONER, 4-c.,
PARADISE-STREET, LIVERPOOL,
RESPECTFULLY informs the Bankers, Merchants, Shop-
keepers, and the Public of Liverpool. that he is appointed
AGENT for W HANCOCK'S PATENT CAOUTCHOUC
BOOKBINDING.
While numerous important improvements have taken place
in every other department of the mechanism of Bookbinding,
that part of it which consists of attaching the leaves together,
has hitherto remained without improvement, if, indeed, it have
not retrogaded. Whatever excellence Bookbinding may have
hitherto attained, those who are familiar with its details will
readily admit the existence of an-imperfection which has long
been deemed without remedy, and most pagolarly- experien-
ced by those who have to make entries i edgers and other
Account-books. By this Patent. Caoutkhouc, or India-rubber,
has been brought into operation for supplying the defects expe-
rienced in binding, and the application thereof has exceeded the
most sanguine expectations of the Inventor. The invention is
especially applicable to
LEDGERS AND ACCOUNT-BOOKS.
Every person experienced in hook-keeping must have felt
the inconvenience arising from writing towards the inner part
of a thickly bound book; the patent method of binding so com-
pletely obviates this unpleasant obstruction to writing, as to
present the folio of a Ledger in an uniform plane surface; an
object hitherto unattained, but now equally practicable with the
book of 50 or 500 leaves.

The Patentee bas the satisfaction of having had the advan-
tages of his invention duly appreciated by all ►he great mercan-
tile houses to which it has been submitted, and by the first Ac-
count-book makers in the trade, who have patronised the in-
vention.

Specimens of binding, after the above-mentioned method,
may be seen, and orders received at R. TAYLOR'S Stationery
and Bookselling Warehouse, corner of Church-street and Pa-
radise-street.

64,* Export Orders promptly executed.

THE YELLOW PLUSH CORRESPONDENCE-

MISS SHUM'S HUSBAND.

(From Fraser's Magazine.)
Dear HoHever Y.,—There was a gritty distubhance, as you
may phancy, when your Magaseen arrived in our hall, and was
read-by all the men and gals there assarribled. Fust there was
coachmin :" he takes his whig, off when I comes into dinner,
and boughinv, with a hair of mock gravity, drinks to " Mr.
Charles, the tittery man." Nex, Shalott, my lady's maid (a
French gal), says, "O Jew, Maseer Shawl, coos eight uny
belispre." " Will you have some bile mutton, Yellowplush,
cries cook ; " it's the leading Haiiicle of our dinner to.day."
Never, in fack, was such chaffin heard, the jockes and repparees
ilashin about like lightnin.
." 1 am," says 1, in a neat spitch, " I am a litlery man—there
is no shame in it inithe present matins; though, in geuneral,
it's a blaggerd employment enough. But it ain't my trade—it
isn't for the looker of gain that I silt penn to payper—it is in
the sap:red caws of nollitch. (Hear, hear.) The exolted class
which we the honour to serve," says .1, " has been crooly mis-
reparysented. Authors have profist to describe what they never
see. Pepple in Russle Square, and that vulgar naybrood,
bankers, slissitors, merchints' wives, and indeed snobs in gene-
ral, are, in their ideer of our manners and customs, misguided,
delooded, HUMBUGGED—for I can find no more ellygant
espression—by the accounts which they receive of us from them
authors. Does Br: wEit," says I, " fer instans, know any think
of' fashnabble life? (Shears, and hallyorical cries of " Hookey,"
" How's your Mother ?" cS•c.) " You pile with me in a pinion,"
says I, " and loudly hanger, No! Did SKELETON know any
think more ? (Cries of " he;" from coachmin, " Fee
dong," from my lady's maid.) No, no more nor Bulwer. It is
against these imposteis that I harm myself; and you, my
friends, will applod my resolution."
The drawing-room bell hart been ringing all this time like
mad, and I was here obliged to finish my spitch, in a pint of
porter to the health of the cumptiy. On entring the room, I
only found miss studio and readin a copy of your Magazine.
'• Papa has been ringing this half hour, Chawls." says she,
" and desires you will wait till he returns from the libry." And
then Miss (Lucy her name is) simpered and stuttered, and
looked down and looked up-, and blushed, and seemed very od—
bewtiful she always is. " Chawls." says she, a summonsing,
..eurridge, "is this—that is—is thlt-1 mean, is this article in
-Fraser's Magazine your composition ?"
.." It is, miss," says I, lookin at her most tendrilly,
ivgnificant trifle from my pen."
" It is the best Magazine in Eurup," adds Miss Lucy.
• "-And no mistake."
" Your article is—really—tery—amusing," says she, blushing
as red as a piany.
"Do you, do you think so. miss ?" says I " miss, dear miss,
if itatives you any pleasure, Oh how amply it repays me !" I
gev her, as I said this, one of my pecuniary loox-1 never knew
them loox fail with any woman at any hags. I was on my
knees, as I said, quite appropo; for 1 had just been emptying
coals from the skittle. I laid tole or my hands on toy left weskit,
and said, " 0 Miss Lucy rin a Yoke of such excrooshiating
tenderrress, that I Mitt at once it was all up with her. But
" Hush !" cried she, all of a sudden ; " get up, sit-=here's
Papa-')
And papa it was, sore enough Sir Jeames came into the room
very stately, and holrlin a book in his hand. "Chawls," says
he, "see have been readin your art ickle in Fraser's Magazine,
and eery much amused we was. High life was never so well
deae-ribed, or so autheutiely. Pray, sir," says he, " may 1 ask
is.lbis review also yours ?" and he holds up to me the Quotly-
. beim of October, on " Ettykitt." I saw at a glans that this
iajps none of my doing.
• " Sir," says I, " I never so much as see the thing."
4. "Well sir," says he, "take it. and read it, and go about
-your bisness; and, harky, hansec the bell when it's rung next
• time."
Cuss the aritoxv, says I, for a set of proud tyrants, who won't
reekonise the highest 'order of merit, genius.
For the whole of that afternoon I t hut myself in the pantry,
cad devoted myself to the perusial of that artickle. The author
of it is particly proud, as I see, of the annygoats which he in-
trojnices ; and which are, though I say it, no more to my anny-
goats than whisky to milk and water. They are ingenus, they
are pleasant (many of 'em being old frens, and not less welkim
for that;) but they are not the real thing—only a juke or a
juke's footmin can do fashnabble life justice ' - and it is for that
reason that I have determined to have another wack at maga-
zine writin.
In this artickle the author quotes fifteen or sixteen Knox about
politeniss, Nonsins !. only experunce can give authority on the
subject—and experunce I have had.
I felt convinced that, to describ fashnable life, ONE OF US
miist do the thing, to do it well ; and I determined to give you
a few passidges from my own autobografy, in which I have
nassed through all grads of it, front a shopkeeper up to a duke,
from a knife boy to the dignaty of a footman. Here is my lust
tail : it aint about very fastnabble society, but a man clon't
begin by being at once a leader of the ho tong—my lust services
was in a much more humble capasity.

" an in-

COACH AcctrrENT.—Great excitement prevailed on the line
of road between Leicester and Northampton, on Saturday
morning, respecting the Defiance Manchester coach, which
ought to have arrive!! 'in Leicester a! five o'clock, buf whiCh. was
not heard of even at Harborough till ahaut ten. wheit informa•-
tion reached that town, that it had been upset between there
and Northampton. Owing to its being so heavily laden. one of
the wheels gave way at the nave, and the passengers were
thrown off, forlumatelV (ivit+tone exception) without being in-•
jured. The party injured was a female with an inNmt in her
arms, .who escaped uninjured, whilst its mother's- head was
seriously htirt, though not, we believe, fractured. The up-
coaches were also laden in a. fearful ,nanner, the Union reach-
lost London five. hours after its usi,al time. On- Friday, one
coach brought-no less than 193 barre.A of oysters from London.
Lilco; tes rglare- Mercioy.

CANADA.

-\

(From the Statistical Journgl, No. 4.)

As the affairs ofCanada excite at the present moment great
public anxiety, we are induced to extract the following informa-
tion, relating to the Upper and Lower Provinces, from an Ad-
dress on the. legislative union of Upper and Lower Canada,
published about four months ago by the Constitutional Associ-
ation of Montreal. We confine ourselves exclusively to the
statistical portion of the document, omitting the political deduc-
tions contained in it.

The actual population of the two provinces, and their rate of
increase are illustrated by the following details:—

TABULAR VIEW OF THE POPULATION OF BOTH PROVINCES
AND ITS RATE OF INCREASE.

RATE OF INCREASE IN Tilt.: GENERAL POPULATION OF LOWER

CANADA, FROM 1796 To 18.36 INCLUSIVE.

Increase

In 1760, the population of the undivided province
was ... 65,000
'178'4, Ditto 113 000 48,000
1825, the population of Lower Canada, by a
corrected census, say 450.000 337,000
1831, the population of Lower Canada, by cen-
sus of this year, was 511,917 61,917
1836, the population of Lower Canada, sup-
posed to be 600,000 89,581
Increase in 6 years, from 1825 to 1831, of Lower
Cauida
Do. in 5 years, 1831 to 1836, of Lower Ca-
nada
General rate, from 1825 to 1836, of Lower Cana-
da, 11 years 331,
Average increase from 1760 to 1781, of Lower
Canada,. per annum
Do. increase from 1781 to 1825, of Lower
Canada, per annum
Do. increase from 1825 to 1831, of Lower
Canada, per annum 10,319
Do. increase 'from 1831 to 1836, of Lower
Canada per annum
From 1760 to 1835 the population has doubled itself 3I times
in Lower Canada. Taking the corrected census returns in
1825, and those of 1831, and the generally supposed population
in December, 1836, the population of Lower Canada would ap-
pear to double itself in 29 years only.
RATE OF INCREASE IN THE GENERAL POPULATION OF UPPER
CANADA, FROM THE YEAR 1821 TO 1836 INCLUSIVE.
In 1824 .„ 149,301
1825 .. 156.&36-Increase 7,535
1826 .. 164,7(13 .. .7,815
1827 .. 165,128 .. 10.425
1828 .. 186,345 .. 11.217
1829 .. 196:704 .. 10.359
1830 .. 211,569 .. 14.860
1831. .. 234,681 .. 23 314
1832 .. 260 994 .. 27.311
1833 296,870 .. 35,878
1834 • .. 320,735 .. 23,835
1835 .. 346.165 .. 25.430
1836 .. 375,000 .. 28.835
Average increase from 1824 to 1828, per an. 9.261
1828 to 1832 .. 18.661
1832 to 18.36 .. 28,212
Gen. average increase 1824 to 18836 .. 18,712
Comparing the census of 1824 with that of 1833, and that of
1828 with that of 1836, it appears that the population of Upper
Canada has of late doubled. in about nine. years, which, com-
peted with the population of Lower Canada, is in the propor-
tion of less than one third. •
The general average increase of Lower Canada, per annum.
from 1825 to 1836, is 16,029-being less than the annual increase
of Upper Canada by 2,683. •
By the Provincial Act of the 9th of George IV., 37 counties
return two representatives-each, and 3 return one each, to the
provisional legislature : of these counties 5 are included in that
portion of the province denominated the Eastern Townships,
which, being settled almost entirely by inhabitan's of British
origin return two members of that race, but in the remainder the
inhabitants of French origin preponderate so greatly that the
representation is almost exclusively French Canadian, or in
support of French Canadian views.
The provisional representation of Lower Canada is at present
90 members, of whom about one eighth, or 11 in number, repre-
sent the wants of the inhabitants of British'origin.
The census of 1831 estimated the whole provincial population
at 511,917, and stated the number of Roman Catholics to be
403;472, leaving, therefore, 108,445 to be protestants, none of
whom could be of French origin.
Of the catholics, it is reasonably estimated that 50,000 are of
British origin, and the statement must therefore be satisfactory
that in 1831 the total number of inhabitants of British origin
was 158,(X)0, whilst that of French origin ,;as 353,000.
Assuming, therefore. that the increase from 18.31 to 1836 has
raised the.aggregate number to 600.000, the difference will be
89,081 ; but it is notorious that the fixed population of the pro-
vince not only suffered great mortality from Asiatic cholera,
in the years 1832 and 1831, but that 'during that period, aad
especially miring the past two years, it has been much reduced
by the emigration of French Canadian youth to the territories
of the United States, whilst it is equally well known, from au-
thentic sources, that, in the period of five years above mentioned,
105,000 emigrants have arrived' at Quebec from the mother
country, of whom it is calculated that 35,0(X) have settled in
Lower Canada; the natural increase of the whole provincial
popnlation would thus only be 54,081, which, divided between
the two races, in the proportion of 158 to 353,, would augment
the number of inhabitants of French origin to nearly 390,000
Souls, and those of British origin to nearly' 175,000; to which
being added the amount of settlers by emigration, say 35,00),
the total number of the latter would be 210,000, and the aggre-
gate proportion of the two races, therefore, is as 210,000 to
390,000 in round numbers.
A cursory, examination of the preceding calculation shows
that not only is the increase of the inhabitants of British origin
in Lower Canada extremely rapid, but that it is in a very much
greater proportion than that of the inhabitants of French origin.
In addition to tt information contained in the before-men-
tioned address relative to the population of Canada, we subjoin
the following particulars:-By tbe censusof 1831 lb
_ e
of Lower Canada is thus elassined. T
' of real property is given at 57,891, andh thee number
ex ten to of
fPI proprietors
ieoct "
occu-
pied by them at 3,981,793 statute acres. The number of persons
living in 1831, who were deaf and dumb, is stated to have been
408, the blind 334, and the insane 9'24. The number of inha-
bitants professing the Roman catholic faith, in 1831, is given
(as before stated) at 403,472; the persons in connexion with
the church of Englend were 34,62(); -those belonging to the
church of Scotland amounted to 15,069. There were only 107
Jews; the remainder of the population were methodists, baptists,
presbyterians, not in connexion with the church of Scotland,
and other sects. The number of families employed in agricul-
ture was 50,824, employing among them as farm servants only
7.60'2 persons. There wete in the same year(lB3l) 2,503 fami-
lies engaged in commercial pursuits, and 1,282 persons subsist-
ing on alms. The number of inhabited houses is stated to have
been 82 437-the number hying built 1,458, and the vacant
1,542; making a total of of 85,4,37.
The total signeurial population of the county population,
according to the census of 18.31, was 385,237, and the total of
the township population 52 695, The seven counties from
Ottawa to Magantic, inclusive,' either contain a majority or
consist exclusively of population resident in townships. Gasp 4
and Bonaventure are inhabited by a very mixed population,
chiefly engaged in the fisheries. In the rest of the counties
the major part of the population is signeurial. The inhabitants
of the seigneuries may, for general purposes, be reckoned
as French by origin ; the inhabitants of the townships as
English.
The total of the township population is not, however, to be
taken as the total of the population of British descent. The
numbers interspersed with the population of French descent
are varinusly estimated strom 50.000 to 80,000 souls, of whom
from 20,000 to 30,0(X) are. in the cities and towns. The re-
mainder are, dispersed about the country, but always overborne
(as in towns and cities),_ with the exception, perhaps, of Beau-
harnois, by majorities of French origin. In the county of Two
Mountains, and behind the seigneuries on the north bank of
the St. Laurence. perhaps the inhabitants of British descent
may be found sufficiently condensed to claim, under another
rule of division, to form separate electoral districts; but in
general they are so dispersed as scarcely to make it possible for
their influence to be felt in elections, except by the adoption of
some novel principle.
A table relative to the state of representation of Lower Ca-
nada is given in the appendix to the report of the Canada coin-.
missioners. At the lime that table was drawn up. the number'
of representatives in the House of Assembly was 88. The cities
and boroughs sent altogether 11 representatives to the assem-
bly, and all the counties, with the exception of Montmorency,
Drummond, and Megantic, sent two representatives each to
the House,of Assembly. The three just-mentioned counties
sent one representative each, their population being in 1331
under 4,000. By the Provincial Act, settling the representa-
tion of, the province, it. is enacted that all counties should have
. two members whose population at the time of the passing of
the act amounted Co 4,00() or upwards ; and that those under
4,000 should have one member only until they attained that
number. The county of Megantic is the only one that now re-
mains entitled to no more than one member.
It is stated in the address of the Constitutional Associa-
tion, that in the period of five %Ars, from 18.31, the number
of emigrants who arrived at Quebec from the mother coun-
try was 125,000, of whom it is calculated, that 35,000 have
settled in Lower Canada; thus showing that the greater pro-
portion of the emigraat, only -made muse of Lower Canada as
a country of transit. From 1829 to 1&35, both inclusive, the
total nuwher of emigrants who arrived at Quebec was 211,159.
Of these 53.252 came from England and Wales, 26 816 from
ScotlaniLand 128,578 from Irelancl. making a total .1258,601
emigrants from the united kingdom. The majority of the emi-
grauts passed to the Upper Province, and some proceeded to
the United States. The number of Actual settlers who arrived
in the country between 1825 and 1831 was only 23,406. The
following table exhibits the amount of the births, marriages,
and deaths, in 1833 and 1834:-

1833. 1834.
Births. 25,247 26.114
Marriages 4.788 4,598
Deaths 10,793 15,714
In the -first year the proportion of births to the population is
1 in 22%, of marriages 1 in 107, and of deaths 1 in 47. In 1834
the proportion is shewn to be: births, 1 in 191; tnartiages. 1 in
111; and deaths, 1 in 32k. The number of men from 18 to 59
years of age embodied in the militia, for the defence of the
Lower Province, in 183.3 amounted to 94,337: the number of
hattallions was 18, of companies, 1,040; and of muskets 8.0)4
The population of the counties of the Upper Province, in 1831,
was as follows; Ottaway, 6.335; Eastern, 25.105; Johnstown,
28,061; Bat hurst, 22,079 ; Midland, 44,332; Newcastle, 27 404;
Home, 55510 (including Toronto, 9.252); Niagara. 27,3-17;
Gore, 31,618; London, 38,330; Western, 12,752. T0ta1321,903.

LAKE SUPERIOR —This mighty lake is the largest body of
fresh water in the known world. Its length is 480 miles, and
its breadth is 161—its circumference about 110 miles, and' its
depth 900 fathoms. Its waters are remarkable for •their un-
rivalled transparency. About I(o)streams empty themselves
into this lake, sweeping in sand, primitive boulder stones, and
drift timber, which sometimes accumulate, so as to form islands
in the estuaries. A lignite formation, indeed, is said to he now
in progress. Within a mile from the shore, the water is about
70 fathoms; within eight miles, 136 fathoms. From the above
causes the lake is gradually filling up.

OUR EMPIRE.—A hundred years have not elapsed
since the possessions of the East India Company were limited to
three settlements of narrow extent, inhabited by a few hundred
Europeans, who could scarcely defend themselves against pirates
and banditti, much less compete with the power of the native
-princes.' 'Now "the Republica Leadenhall-street" rules over
all einpire containing one hundred millions of subjects, raises
an annual-tribute of more than E 3,000 000, possesses an army
of above 2110,000 rank anti file, has princes for its set cants, and
an emperor a peniioner on its bounty. 'the village of Calcutta
has heroine the Metropolis of the East; Bombay possesses more
trade than Tyre in the days of its glory ; and Madras, in spite of
its perilous surf, rivals the commercial prosperity of Carthage. i
There s no parallel to such a career in the annals of the world;
conquerers, indeed, have actio;red more extensive dominions in
a shorter space of time, but they failed to establish permanent
empires—after a few years the traces of their tempestuous pas-
sage were effaced.—Athenceuss.