The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-12-01 00:00:00

Loral Vrobturial Relvo.

The Select Vestry have fixed on a building in Soho-
street for the Night Asylum.
A spacious new theatre has been opened at Birkenhead,
ender the management of Mr. Butterworth.
A few days since a man named Johq.Langle,y received
`such injuries from the upsetting of a cant load of manure,
in Blabk Diamond•street, that he died soon after.
Within a circle of a few miles round Manchester, there
are not less than a million of people depend nt, not in-
directly but directly, upon the cotton manufactare.
John Whittaker, Esq., of Hurst, and Robert Platt,
Esq., of StAly bridge, have just been placed in the corn-
mission of the peace for this county.
On Sunday the Mayor attended at St. Nicholas
Church, when a sermon was preached by the Rev. Rector
Campbell for the schools in Moorfields. The collection

Was a liberal one.
A splendid new iron steam-ship, named the Countess
of Galloway, and intended to sail between this port and
Galloway. was launched at Dumfries on Friday week.
She is 500 tons burden, and of 220 horse power.
The University Classical Scholarship, at the late Bache-
lors' Examination in he University of London, has been
awarded to our townsman, Mr. William Rushton, son of
the late Mr. William Rushton, of this town.
Another newspaper will be started in Manchester on
the sth January, to be published every Tuesday. The
price is to be threepence, but it will only be about half
the size of the Liverpool journals.
On Tuesday, Mr. G. Linnmus Banks gave his enter-
tainment entitled " Glances at the world we live in," at
the Literary Institution, Birmingham. The attendance
was good, and the performance was warmly applauded.
LAuscri.—On Saturday week a beautiful iron steamer
was launched from the iron-shipbuilding-yard of Messrs.
James Hodgson and Co., Toxteth-dock. She is upwards
of 170 feet long on deck, and is intended for the Bombay
Steam Navigation Company. She is named the Dwarka.
A lady, through Mr. Fellows, publisher, London, has
presented to the library of our Mechanics' Institution 32
volumes of modern works ; and the widow of the lamented
Dr. Arnold has presented a copy of her late husband's
works.
On Thursday, a man, named Michael Berry, was com-
mitted by Mr. Rushton, on a charge of bigamy. He
was apprehended at a house in Combermere-street, where
he was living with a third woman, having e.eserted his
second wife a short time ago.
REFUSING TO SUPPORT A CHILD.—On Tuesday, Wil-
son Haselden, late manager of the Woodside Ferry, was
brought before Mr. Harden, magistrate, on a charge of
refusing to maintain his son, who had become chargeable
to the parish. He was ordered to gaol for one month.
A vessel arrived at Liverpool last week, bringing, in
addition to a general cargo of dried fruits, five tons weight
of locusts. This ape ears to be a very singular article of
importation, to whatever use it may be practicable to ap-

propriate it.
On Monday evening last, a new building, situate in
Bond-street, to be called the Clarence Temperance Hall,
was publicly opened, the event being celebrated by a tea
party. About 300 persons were present, many of whom
wore their temperance medals, and were otherwise deco-
rated for the occasion.
COLLIERY EXPLOSION.—A dreadful explosion took
place on Tuesday, at the colliery of Mr. Hargreaves,
about six miles from Wigan, and 400 yards from the
Coppull-station, on the North Union railway. Eight
persons were killed, and many others had severe con-

tusions.
The Rev. W. N. Molesworth, incumbent of St. Cle-
ment's Church, Middleton, Rochdale, was brought before
the magistrates on a charge of removing the parliamentary
notice of the commissioners from his church-door. The
magistrates held that this was only an offence against the
standing orders of parliament, not against the law, and
dismissed the case.
CIVIC BANQUET.—On Thursday the new mayor,
George Hall Lawrence, Esq., gave his first official dinner
in the Town-hall. Amongst the guests were Lord San-
don, the Honourable Mr. Ryder, cousin to his lordship,
the Rev. Rector Brooks, nearly the whole of the members
of the Council, and Mr. Chalrner and Mr. Thornhill,who
were recently members of the Council.
CHILDREN BURNED TO DEATH.—The week before
last no less than three inquests were held upon children
who had died from burns, in Manchester alone ; and last
week a similar number have died from the same cause; in
most instances the injuries having been received in the
abseoce of the parents, or other proper guardians.—
[Within the last few days four inquests have been held in
Liverpool on children who died in a similar manner.]
CHESTER CHEESE FAIR.—At the November fair held
on Wednesday, about one hundred and twenty tons of
cheese were pitched for sale. There was a good attend-
ance of country dealers. Prices ruled duller than at the
last fair ; but still there was a good demand. The best
dairies realised about Gss. per cwt. Inferior dairies ruled
from 50s. to 60s. The day was exceedingly unfavourable.
We understand that prices of good Cheshire keep tolerably
firm in the London market.
CHESTER CATTLE FAIR.—The fair was held on Thurs-
day. The morning was unfavourable, but the day turned
out fine. .M filch cows sold well, and were in good demand.
Very little for barrens. The stock of fat beef was small
—price about 51d and sink. Barrens were worse in price
than at last fair ; the demand slow. Store pigs were
plentiful, and but little demand ; prices low. Fat pigs
were lower in price—being about 44d. to 41d. per lb.
There were a good many sheep, which sold briskly. The
show of horses was indifferent.
THE LIVERPOOL PARCEL DELIVERY COMPANY.—
This Company have announced their intention to com-
mence operations on Monday next. The rate at which
the company have agreed to deliver parcels is extremely
reasonable, and if punctuality be observed no doubt they
will be favoured with no little patronage. We perceive
that they also contemplate the delivery of parcels to the
suburbs two or three times a week. If the officers are
fully able to carry out the arrangements, stated in the
prospectus, the public will find the company a great con-
venience.
UNSUSTAINED CHARGE.—On Tuesday two men, of
decent exterior, named Richard Burke and Henry Gaskell,
were brought before Mr. Rushton, on a charge of having,
by means of false pretences, obtained 1000 bags from
Patrick Ferguson, value £2O. The case lasted a consi-
derable length of time, and was ably attempted to be sus-
tained by Mr. James Reay, of the Guardian Society, but,
eventually, Mr. Rushton declared that there was no legal
evidence to justify the detention of the prisoners, and they
were forthwith discharged. At the same time, he ob-
served, that the public could not exercise too much cau-
tion as to the persons with whom they traded.
SERIOUS OUTRAGE.—On Sunday night last, about 11
o'clock, several females in the kitchen of the dwelling-
house, No. 31, Falkner-street, were alarmed by the win-
dow being broken with a sudden crash, and by something
whizzing past them. The shutters were not up, though
the blind was down. On recovering in some measure from
their consternation, a search wee instituted, when a pistol
bullet was discovered. No report was heard, so that if
the bullet was discharged from a fire-arm it must have
been with the gun cotton. The neighbourhood is said to
be infested by a gang of robbers, and the immediate atten-
tion of the police should be directed to the district.
SATURDAY EVENING CONCERTa.—The concert on
Saturday evening was crowded to overflowing, Mr. John
Parry having attended as one of the principal singers.
The Mayor, with a party of ladies, Mr. William Rath-
bone, and numerous other gentlemen were present. The
Mayor delivered an address in the course of the evening,
in which he 'expressed a hope that St. George's-hall would
shortly be thrown open for the amusement of the humbler
classes. His worship was most enthusiastically received.
The concert went off with great spirit. The pieces were
judicious selections from some of the new operas and
from the best masters. John Parry drew forth immense
applause from every corner of the room, and was twice
called for after singing the last song in the programme.
SHIPWRECK.—MIDDLETOY, MONDAY.—During the

storm of Friday morning a fine ship, the Susquehanna. of
Liverpool, Richard Tretinick master, with timber from
America, and consigned to the owners, Messrs. Gillmour
and Rankin, of Liverpool, was driven ashore on Bally-
crennan strand, opposite Ballycotton, and thrown eight
yards beyond the reach of the highest spring-tide. The
Country people immediately commenced the work of
plunder, and stripped off every bit of copper from her
bottom, They even bored holes in her sides to discover
what her cargo was. The police bad to threaten to fire
upon them to prevent their getting on deck. She lies
buried about seven feet in the sand, without any chance
of ever being got off. She is 800 tons burden, and the
ship and cargo are valued at £BOOO. Crew saved.—Cork
Reporter.
FINE RUN WITH SIR WILLIAM MASSEY STANLEY'S
HOUNDS.—On Friday, these hounds met at Gayton Mill.

On being put into the cover they found instantly, and, after
`• a ring" of half an hour, the fox got to earth. They then
trotted off to the new gorse cover, near Clutterbridge,
where, although the cover is scarcely high enough to hide
a rabbit, a fox broke, and the view halloo was given in a
trice. The hounds were soon on the track, but the field,
as is often the case, pressed too hard. A few fences soon
moderated their zeal, and then the dogs went away as only
such a pack can go. It were vain to tell the country they
ran over • suffice it to say, that, after an hour and twenty-
five minutes, with scarcely a minute's check, a fresh fox
crossed the line, at the mud houses near Burton Wood.
The pack took up the running on the bolder scent, and,
after forty minutes more, dusk, and the evening chill of a
north-east wind, forced the field to whip off.
The Radicals of Manchester are ranch divided about
the fitness of Mr. Bright to represent the borough. The
Manchester Guardian (liberal paper) says that " many who
give him their support do so with great reluctance, feel-
ing an equal distaste for the ultraism of his opinions, for
the rashness and violence of his language, and for the of-
fensive and dictatorial manner in which he has been ob-
truded upon the constituency, and that there are very
many others who have usually voted with the liberal party
to whom he is so thoroughly objectionable in every re-
spect, that they will strenuously oppose him• Our con-
temporary adds that another gentleman " in every way
worthy of the suffrages of the electors," will be brought
forward. Could not some Conservative gentleman be
found to come forward ? He would obtain an easy victory
amidst these dissensions. [Subsequent accounts state
that Lord Lincoln is to be Mr. Bright's opponent. His
lordship will be supported by the Conservatives and the

more respectable Whigs.]
VENUS ATTIRING.—This beautiful production is still
on view, at the Exhibition-room, in Church-street, op-
posite Parker-street. It has attracted numerous visitors,
who have been charmed with the exquisite symmetry,
grace, and beauty which the artist has developed in the
figure. It is a nude, attractive by the simple idea of
beauty which it illustrates, and being pervaded by all the
delicacy of high art, it is calculated to excite no emotion
save that of pure admiration for beauty and art in their
most elevating influences. In Dublin it was visited by
large numbers of the higher and middle classes, ladies as
well as gentlemen, and we cannot doubt that in Liverpool
it will have equal success.

Mr. Edward Speed, of Woolfall Hall, near Huyton,
says, that last spring he read the plan recommended by
Mr. John Formby for the preservation cif potatoes, viz. :
to sow turnips upon potatoes, working the potatoes as if
the turnips were weeds, and then ploughing them after
the usual process. I adopted, says Mr. Speed, this plan,
clearing the turnip plants off the soil, and leaving them
at a dis'ance of from seventeen to eighteen inches apart.
The potatoes came up beautifully, the haulm carrying the
turnip plant, which checked its growth for awhile. In
July the potatoes—a capital crop—were ripe, the haulm
went down, and the turnips succeeding grew a most ex-
cellent crop, some of therm being thirteen and fourteen
pounds weight each.
THE WINTER ASSIZES.—The following is an analysis
of the calendar of prisoners for trial at the assizes for the
southern division of Lancashire, the commission for which
will be opened in the Crown Court, Liverpool, on the
evening of Monday next :—Murder, two; manslaughter,
five ; stabbing, seven ; burglary, five ; stealing from
dwelling-houses, three ; robbery from the person, four ;
robbery on the high seas, one ; rape, nine ; bigamy, five ;
forgery, three; concealing birth, three; mint cases, three;
feloniously damaging machinery, one ; felony, one; horse-
stealing, one : total, -fifty-three. This is the lightest ca.
lendar we have had at any of the winter assizes. One of
the cases for murder is that of the Earl of Derby's game-
keeper, at Knowsley, for which one individual was exe-
cuted, and for which another has just been taken into
custody. The other murder is alleged to have taken place
at Bootle ; and in that case a woman is charged with
having drowned her child by throwing it into the river
Mersey.

THE GREAT BRITAIN STEAM-SHIP.—The late storms
have done serious damage to this noble vessel. A letter
dated on Sunday week says :—" Thursday's work has
finished her. Mr. Bremner has failed, as I anticipated,
in his breakwater, which was entirely washed away ; the
sea made a clean breach over, swept away several sky-
lights on deck ; the ship filled with water to such an
extent that the cabin doors and bulkheads are nearly a!l
washed into the holds, and about the decks; the prome-
nade deck was covered with water; in fact, you might
almost say she filled, for every one on board had to fly to
the upper deck, and there wait till the water ran cut of
her; she was afloat, and thumping both forward and aft,
and her head is shifted more towards Tyrella watch-house
again. Mr. Bremner has given her.up, and they at length
are going to take the masts out of her, together with her
engine ! I have not yet examined her bottom, but intend
doing so to-morrow ; if all I hear is correct, I am afraid
she is gone. She was pitching at times as much as three
feet."

THE. MURDER. OF THE EARL OF DERBY'S GAME-
KEEPER.—At the St. Helen's Petty Sessions, on Tues.
day, Henry Robinson was charged with being one of a
gang of poachers who shot Richard Kenyon, one of the
Earl of Derby's gamekeepers, in the month of November,
1843. It will be remembered, that at the time before
stated, a gang of poachers, to the number of ten, entered
the preserves of the Earl of Derby, at Knowsley, in the
night time, and an affray took place between them and
the keepers. One of the gamekeepers, named Richard
Kenyon, was shot. Five of the poachers, in a few days
afterwards, were apprehended, tried, and convicted.. One
of them, named Roberts, was executed, and the other
four were transported for life. Henry Robinson, al-
though not apprehended, was tried at the same time, a
true bill found against him, and a warrant issued for his
apprehension. It appeared that, after the keeper was
shot, Robinson made his escape, and in a month after.
wards enlisted into the 48th Regiment of Foot, where he
has been ever since.
SIR WILLIAM M. STANLEY'S BIRTHDAY.—This
event was celebrated on Tuesday, with the usual festivi-
ties, at Hooton-hall. On the lawn, in front of the
house, a spacious marquee was erected, elegantly decora-
ted, in which upwards of 500 of the tenants enjoyed a
substantial dinner, consisting of no fewer than seventy-
two dishes. Upwards of 200 of the children attending
the Eastbam schools were plentifully reealed with roast
beef and plum pudding in the servants' hall. Other per-
sons, to the number of one hundred, consisting of the
servants of the hall, their friends, &c., &c., dined in ad-
joining apartments. Subsequently, an adjournment took
place to the park, where a number of old English sports
were indulged in, such as foot, hurdle, and sack racing,
at the close of which an immense hamper of wearing ap-
parel was distributed amongst the poor of the neighbour.
hood. The fashionable visitors at the hall enjoyed the
varied scenes amazingly. There was an excellent band in
attendance, which played from Eastham to the hall and
back again, at the head of a numerous procession of the
tenantry and others.
WEST DERBY GUARDIANS.—The usual meeting of
this body took place on Tuesday last. The balance in the
hands of the treasurer was stated to be £1,777 19s. It
was reported that up to Monday seven new cases bad
been admitted into the fever house, making in all twenty-
two; one death had occurred during the week; four pa-
tients had been discharged, cured, leaving seventeen in
the house. The Poor-law Commissioners requested, as
appeared from letters sent to he Board, to be furnished
with forms and returns as to the election of medical offi-
cers for Toxteth-park, preparatory to some more efficient
plan being devised for affording medical relief to the poor
of Toxteth-park and West Derby. The clerk reported
to the Board that he had forwarded to the overseers of
Liverpool a copy of the resolution of the Board of Guar-
dians, of the 10th instant, expressive of its desire to con-
tinue relief to all paupers belonging to this Union. Not-
withstanding this communication, followed by a personal
application to Mr. Gray, of the Liverpool office, he (the
Clerk) said he had not yet obtained an answer on the
subject.
FRIGHTFUL CASE OF STABBING.—We are sorry to
have to record another of those unfortunate col-
lisions in whi. h the use of the knife has been re-
sorted to, with, we fear, too great a probability of
a fatal result. The particulars of the case, so far as we
have been able to learn, are as follows ;—At about one
o'clock on Tuesday morning the attention of the police was
drawn to a squabble between two seafaring men in South
Castle- street. When they came up it was found that one of
the men was stabbed in the belly. The other was imme-
diately arrested, and on him was found a large broad-
pointed clasp-knife. The injured man was conveyed to
the Northern Hospital, where it was found that the wound,
from which his bowels were protruding, was a little below
the navel, and about two inches long. His name is
Charles Winslow, and he resided at a boarding-house
in Barton-street, having recently arrived from St. John,
N. 8., in the Champlin, of this port. [The above ap-
peared in a second edition of the Standard last week, and
is correct in every particular. The unfortunate man died
on Wednesday night. The prisoner's name is James
Hunter. A coroner's inquest will be held to-day.l
DEATH FROM STARVATION.-011 Friday, a labouring
man, named Stephen Lowry, dropped down from sheer
exhaustion and starvation in Harrington-street, and died
almost immediately. On Thursday he was taken into the
employment of Messrs. Woodall and Jones, wholesale
grocers, of Matthew-street, as an extra hand, and he left
home on Friday morning without his breakfast. He lived
in Cumberland-street, and bad a wife and three children,
of whom he was passionately fond. His means were ex-
ceedingly slender, and sooner than deprive the family of
the little bread and cocoa they bad for breakfast, he went
away without tasting a morsel. After he had dropped
down, he was placed in a car, and was being conveyed
home, when he breathed his last. He had been eighteen
years in the army, and would have received his Bd. a-day
pension next week. He was a man of excellent character,
and his wife is a woman of sober and industrious habits.
We understand that Messrs. Woodall and Jones will very
thankfully receive any subscriptions, however small, for
the widow and children. The inquiry at the coroner's
inquest showed that the deceased died of disease of the
heart, but there seemed to be no doubt that it had been
brought on by want of food.
HIGHWAY BOARD, THURSDAY.—Mr. Procter called

the attention of the hoard to a letter published in the
Mercury by Mr. W. Santley, jun., one of the collectors,
and more especially to one passage, which appeared to
complain of a want of sympathy on the part of the board
with their servants. Mr. Procter said that of all men
Mr. Santley could not complain, for he came there at a
salary of £BO a year, and had now £220. Mr. Santley
was called in, and disclaimed any intention of bringing
such a charge against the board, but declined stating what
was his meaning. After some conversation, during which
it was remarked that things had come to a pretty pass if
a master was to be censured by his servant, it was re-
solved, on the motion of Mr. Procter, seconded by Mr.
Kilshaw, that the Chairman, Mr. Kaye, and Mr. Law-
rence, should confer with the Watch Committee. (Mr.

a great

Santley being employed by both boards,) and then Mr.
Santley could state his cause of dissatisfaction, arising
out of his situation as collector, before them, as he might
be more inclined to do so before a private committee than
before a public board. Mr. Walthew presented to the

board a report of the auditors, which was to the effect
that the accounts were in a most satisfactory condition.

per head

The improved mode in which the books are kept, as well
as the strict accuracy of the accounts, reflect the highest
credit on the ability of the treasurer, Mr. Capes Ashlin,
and prove that the onerous duties of the department have
been discharged with exemplary fidelity, unceasing care,
_ _

„ , ,
and attention ; and they deem him, therefore, deserving
the unanimous approbation of this board, and hope that

its successors, in.m.sking their arrangements for carrying
into effect the provisions of the Sanatory Act, will not
overlook the valuable services of this officer. Signed by

William Walthew7h;WFrocter, James Denton, and
James Ackers. Mr. Lawrence said there was not a more

deserving officer in Liverpool connected with any public
board. The Chairman announced that a summary of the
yearly accounts was now ready, and that any of the rate-

payers would be furnished with a copy, free of expense,

by appl at the office

Mr. DunCrn reported that the

tower at 6ieen-lane waterworks was now up to within

thirteen feet of the finished height, and that the other
portions of the works were proceeding satisfactorily. The
forming of the cooling ponds had been retarded by the
weather, but they would be completed in time for the
works.

THE ACCOUNTS OF THE HIGHWAY BOARD.—The an-
nual statement, from the Ist of October, 1845, to the 30th
of September, 1846, has just made its appearance. On
the general account we find there has been expended (with
the exception of a balance now in the bands of the treasu-

rer of £2l Os. 4d.) £62,682 16s. 4d, The receipts have
been £59,042 16s. 10d., including the balance in hand last

Year of £1915 14s. Ild.. and the amount now due to the
bank on the general account is, £3639 19s, 6d. On the

paving and flagging account there was an expenditure of
£26,384 I6s. 10d. ; street watering, £2020 19s. 6d. ; the
Kirby water project, (engineering and Parliamentary ex-

. . .
penses,) £1942 19s. 10d. ; and salaries £1499 10s. -3d:;
making a total expenditure, as given in the accounts under
this head, of £31,848 ls. 4d., the receipts being only
£29,282 16s. 9d. The expenditure on the sewerage ac-
count was £13,047 Ils. 4d., the receipts £10,078 Is. 10d.
On the water-works there had been an expenditure of

£17,766 3s. 4d., and in this part of the account there was

balance due to'the bank of .£1531 9s. sd. The paving
and flagging rate produced £23,764 13s. 10d., the sewer-

age rate 46324 17s. 10d., and the water rate £3082 6s. Id.

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

PUBLIC MEETING FOR OBTAINING A RE-
DUCTION OF THE DUTY ON TEA.

On Wednesday, a public meeting convened by his
Worship the Mayor, in compliance with a numerously-
signed requisition presented to him for that purpose, was
held in the Sessions-house at twelve o'clock, The atten-
dance was extremely large, the building being densely
crowded in every part. Among the gentlemen present
were Wm. Brown, Esq., M.P., T. Thornely, Esq,, M.P.,
Messrs. Earle, Scott, Corrie , Hornby, Rawson, Turner,
Winch, Moore, Horsfall, Nicol, Buckley, Crosbie, Grant,
Duckworth, Brocklebank, Hosack, Bushby, Balleney,
Harrison. Rathbone, Steains, Adam Hodgson, W. Dick-
son,, Harding, Thompson, Fry. J. A. Scott, . Cropper,
E. Cropper, Findlay, Brodribb, S. Holme, and Langton.
The Mayon having taken the chair said, in com-
pliance with a requisition which had been presented to
him he had convened that meeting of the inhabitants of
Liverpool, in order to afford them an opportunity of
considering what measures should be adopted for the pur-
pose of procuring a speedy and very considerable altera-
tion in the existing duty on tea. (Hear.) It was need-
less for him to make any declaration of his own individual
sentiments. To speak candidly, ha had permitted no
personal feelings to influence him in deciding as to the
propriety of calling that meeting—no feeling either of
sympathy or disapproval of the object they had in view.
It was quite sufficient for him to know that a numerous
and influential body of his fellow-townsmen of all shades
of political opinion, were desirous to meet and express
their opinions upon that important subject. He had
only to express his hope and confident expectation that
their proceedings would be marked with moderation, and
with a due regard to those difficulties which might appear
to stand in the way, fiscally speaking. But he did hope
that the parties present would, above all things, demon-
strate that they were influenced not merely by a desire to
promote the interests of a class, but to secute, what he
was sure they could secure, a great and important benefit
to the entire community. (Applause.) The Mayor con-
cluded by reading the following letters, which had been
received by the secretary to the association, from Mr.
Entwisle, member for the county, and Lord Sandon.
[Mr. Entwisle stated that he fully participated in the anx-
iety to procure some modification of the now excessive
duty on an article of almost universal consumption, and
that the meeting would have his best co-operation in the
House of Commons. Lord Sandon said he was fully
sensible of the vital importance of a large reduction in the
duty on tea, with a view to extending, or even maintain-
ing at its present amount, our commercial intercourse
with China, as well as to extend the consumption of a
wholesome, agreeable, and unintoxicating beverage. He
also thought that from the nature of the article, that any
reduction of the specific duty would ere long be compen-
sated by such increased consumption. He considered,
however, that a not inconsiderable reduction in the re-
venue must for a time be the result, and would be a fear-
ful obstacle to their wishes. He hoped the finances next
year would be found in a condition to bear some little
hazard, and there was certainly no better subject for the
experiment than tea.l
WM. BROWN, Esq., moved the first resolution, which,
together with all the others, will be found in our adver-
tising columns. He stated that our object must be to in-
crease our direct trade with China, and he proceeded to
show, at some length, by reference to statistical and his-
torical facts, that we can do this without materially im-
pairing the revenue, or unnecessarily alarming or embar-
rassing the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who feels the
great responsibility that rests on his shoulders, to be able
faithfully to comply with all our public engagements, and
sustain the honour and dignity 01 the nation. He gave
an outline of our China trade from its commencement,
from which he showed the fluctuations that have taken
place with the rise and fall of the duty on tea. In 1667
the East India Company sent out their first order for
4001bs of the best tay, as it was then called. In 1747 the
duty was reduced 25., and it quadrupled the consumption.
In 1768 the duty on black tea was reduced Is., and the
consumption increased 80 per cent. In 1773 the duty
was re-imposed, and we lost that 80 per cent. From that
period we come down to 1784, when Mr. Pitt, under the
commutation act, in order to stop smuggling, and to add
to the comforts of the people, reduced the duty from ls.
and 6 per cent. ad valorem duty to 124 per cent. The
result was, the consumption rose from 5,000,0001b5. to
21,000,0001b5. in 1795. In 1795 the duty was raised to
20 per cent.; and from that period to 1833, when the
charter of the East India Company was abrogated, there
was a continuous rise of duty at nine various periods; and
at the latter date the consumption, though more in pounds,
was less per head than in 1795. Mr. Brown then com-
batted the objection that China would not be able to pro-
duce a sufficient quantity of tea, and concluded by press-
ing upon the public at large the necessity of aiding in the
movement for the reduction of the duty on tea; inas-
much as it was only by enlisting the almost omnipotent
voice of public opinion in their favour that their efforts
could be successful.
Mr. BRAMLEY-MOORE rose with great pleasure to
second the resolution which had been proposed by the
honourable member for South Lancashire, who had put
the question so clearly before them that he had left little
for him to say. There were other things as well as tea
on which a reduction was desirable, such as tobacco and
coffee; and more especially the community ought to come
forward to do away with the most odious and scandalous
monopoly of the day—the salt trade to the East. (Hear,
hear.) There could be no doubt that a reduction in the
duty on tea would confer great benefits on the town of
Liverpool in particular. As they were aware, the East
India Company's monopoly was only abolished in 1833.
Up to that time we had comparatively no trade with
China; but since 1838, the tonnage to China from this
port had increased from 8;000 to 23,000 tons. (Hear,
hear.) The importations into this port had gone on at
the same rate. Up to a short time ago, the importations
were only 3,000,000 lbs. ; during the last year they
amounted to 17,000,000 lbs. This, however, would give
but a faint idea of the extent to which the commerce and
the other advantages of a relaxation of the duty would go.
If London imported 34,000,000 lbs., he knew of no rea-
son why Liverpool should not do the same. (Hear.)
He would tell them the reason why we did not import as
much now. It was the exorbitant duty—not for the want
of a consuming population. We had a larger population
than London. Within two hours' journey from Liverpool
there was a population exceeding that of the metropolis ;
and if they consumed in the same proportion, the great
bulk of the trade would be brought to Liverpool, as he
felt assured it ultimately would. (Hear.) And it ought to
come here. Liverpool was the natural place for the ex-
ports, surrounded and backed by four or five millions of
people; and it was the natural place for the imports too.
Why should the Yorkshireman or the Lancashireman be
supplied with tea from London, when he could get it so
much nearer home, and at less cost? It was the exorbi-
tant duty that put it out of the power of the bulk of the
people to consume it as they would. Yorkshire and
Lancashire together contained more than double the in-
habitants of the county of Middlesex and Westminster.
(Hear, hear.) Therefore, as the trade of this district be-
longed to Liverpool, the only place of import, it was
clear that the consumption of tea ought very largely to
be increased in this locality and in the northern parts of
the empire, which derived their supplies from this port.
(Hear, hear.) The only time be had had the honour of
adiressing a public meeting in his life was in that build-
ing, on the sugar and coffee question. (Hear, hear.)
Since then they bad acquired considerable experience,

and that experience fully justified the most sanguine ex-
pectations entertained at the time. In 1801, the con-
sumption of coffee in this kingdom was 750,000 lbs.
The duty was ls. 6d., and the consumption per head
about one ounce. The contribution per head to the re-
venue was IW. In 1811, when the duty was reduced to
7d., the aggregate consumption rose to 6,390,000 lbs.,
and the consumption per head increased from one to
eight ounces. (Hear, and cheers.) Now at the time of
this reduction in the duty, did the revenue suffer ? No :
the contribution per head then amounted to 4d. This
alone would show that there was no danger in making
Iteration in the duty upon any article of general
consumption. In 1821, the expenses of the state required
fresh duties to be put on, and many of the government
officials had told him that there was no duty so much
liked as that on coffee ; it was so clean, so nice, and easy
to be collected. (Hear, hear.) But this was no reason
why they should put their- hands in the pockets of one
class of the community rather than another. In 1821,
the duty was raised to Is., and the consumption was
7,000,000 lbs., being actually less than in 1811, when the
duty was 7d. (Hear.) This was a very strong fact. In
1831, the duty was reduced to 6d., and the consumption
jumped up from 7,000,000 to 21,842,000. Was there any
loss to the revenue by the reduction from Is. to 6d. ?
None whatever. (Hear, hear.) And what was the effect
_

during the present year. The reduction made on wines
had also tended to increase the revenue. Mr. Dixon pro-
ceeded to remark that if a reduction of duty on articles of
luxury, the consumption of which was confined to the
more affluent portion of the community, had led to an ac-
tual increase of revenue, how much more forcibly would
the principle apply to an article absolutely required by
eyery class of society ? (Applause.) _ _

The resolution was then put and carried unanimously.
Mr. H. HORNRY moved the next resolution. He said
he had never yet heard an argument against the reduc-
tion, to which it would not be an insult upon the common
sense of the meeting to take up its time by a reply
(Applause.) The advantages which t-
manufactures of the country must derive
consumption of tea, and the benefits which would thereby
accrue to all classes, were so obvious and manifest to all
who had paid attention to the subject, that he felt he
should be trespassing unnecessarily upon their time and
patience if he spoke at any considerable length.
Mr. HORSFALL, in seconding the resolution, said the
question of the reduction on tea was perhaps the one that
was exciting more general interest at present among the
commercial community than any other. The importer
and the consumer, the merchant and the manufacturer,
were all deeply interested in the question. They were be-
ginning to feel its i
day to make a firm

commerce an

stance to her Majesty's government on the subj;-ct

was of opinion that a trifling reduction would net extend
commerce and manufactures, and that to effect that im-
portant object there must be a large and substantial re-
duction. He was not one of those who would declaim
against any tax or duty irrespective of its bearing on the
revenue of the country, but when all they asked was, that
the same principle be adopted to tea which had answered
so admirably with respect to coffee, surely they had a right
to expect that her Majesty's ministers would give their
calm and dispassionate consideration to the subject, and,
if they did, he entertained not a doubt of the conclusion
to which they would come. He then referred to the year
1745, when the duty was reduced from 4s. per lb. and 14
per cent. ad valorem, to 2s. per lb. and 25 per cent. ad

valorem, and he asked what was the consequence? In the
five years preceding the reduction, government got £175 000
while in the five years subsequent to the reduction, they
got £318,000. He also referred to the year 1783, when
the government reduced the duty from 119 per cent. ad
valorem to 121 per cent. and again he asked what wos the
consequence? Those who argued against this reduction
immediately said that government would lose nine-tenths
of the revenue, but instead of the revenue falling off nine-
tenths it only fell off one-half, and the consumption in-
creased from 5,000,000 to 16,000,000 lbs. annually. At
present the trade to China was suffering to a very great
extent. The shipment of manufactured goods from this
country to China during ten months of this year was 40
per cent. less than during ten months of last year. He
concluded by directing attention to the vast extent of the
Chinese territory, to the teeming population of 350,000,000
of that country, to the extent of our commerce and manu-
factures at home, and to the vast field of enterprise and
usefulness which was open to us, and which, he was con-
vinced, an ample reduction on tea would give us at the
present moment. Relying on the support of the people
of this country, and on the representatives of the people
in the House of Commons, with such a cause as was now
in hand, he could not doubt that her Majesty's govern-
ment would attend to the representations which the pre-
sent meeting would make.
Mr. ADAM HODGSON said he had great pleasure in
taking a part in the proceedings of the meeting, because
he believed it was only the beginning of the end of a
series of exertions in which many of them had now been
engaged for a period of nearly thirty years. Tea was
taxed in the place of its growth. It was taxed four or
five times between the place of its growth and the coast.
It was taxed at the coast again, and at last it fell into the
merciless hands of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who
gave it the coup de grace of 200 per cent. It was now
quite notorious, from the testimony of judges and magis-
trates, and all who had anything to do with the ad
nistration of justice in this country, that a very large
proportion of the crime coming before them might be
traced to habits of intemperance; and those wno were in
the practice of visiting the dwellines of the poor would
bear this testimony also, that the most destitute as well
as the most hopeless cases of indigence they met with
might be traced to the same unhappy cause. He believed
that the lowering of the duty on tea would not only have
the effect of extending our commerce and manufactures
to an indefinite extent, and our relations with the bound-
less regions of the east, but that it would confer one of
the greatest boons on our own population. (Great ap-
plause.) He was persuaded that there was scarcely any
sanitary measure proposed, or which had found its way
into Lord Lincoln's bid, that would have a stronger
tendency to produce the desired objects than a reduction
of the duty on tea. He felt satisfied that that duty would
net be maintained, and he concluded, amidst great ap-
plause, by expressing his confident assurance that their
victory was close at band.

Mr. THOMAS BLACKBURNE was the next speaker.
He referred to the moral effects which might be expected
from a reduction of the duty, and said that then very
many would give up the public-house, and would remain
with their families around their comfortable firesides.
He drew a graphic hut melancholy picture of the drunk-
ard's haunts and the sober man's home, and concluded
by saying that not only upon physical but upon moral
grounds it was high time that the obnoxious impost upon
tea should be abolished.

Mr. SAMUEL HoLME, on rising, said that as the em-
ployer of some hundreds of mechanics and labourers in
Liverpool, he felt that he should be shrinl

".I, viiiy a 1,0 reLuc,ion snouta ue maue in the duty on
tea, but that it should be repealed altogether. (Cheers.)
lie believed it would have the effect of so increasing the
commerce of England with China, and would so re-act
upon our manufactures, as not only to benefit the working
classes of the country, but also the merchants, the ship-
owners, the tradesmen, and all classes of her Majesty's
subjects. There were political questions upon which men
might and must differ, but this was a question which men
of all parties could unite in advancing. He would fear-
lessly assert that no minister wielding the destinies of

Britain ought to refuse to lend an ear to the expression of
opinion given at this meeting against the present tax upon
tea. It was a monstrous injustice that the poor of the
country should be obliged to pay as much duty upon an
inferior quality of tea as the nobles of the land did upon
the best quality. So much did he desire to see a reduc-
tion of this duty, that if it could not be done without
affecting the revenue, he, for one, would gladly pay an
Increased property and income tax to make up the defi-
ciency ; and he was sure such an increase, under such
circumstances, would not be unpopular in the country.
(Loud cheers.)
Mr. HEIRY WlNcif delivered an excellent statistical
speech, the design of which was to show that the revenue
would benefit by the reduction.

Mr. BRODRIBB seconded the resolution in a very ani-
mated speech, which was at intervals loudly cheered. He
contended at great length that the reduction of the duty
would open up an unlimited trade with China ; that the
revenue derived from the increased consumption of tea in
this country would very soon be even greater than now;
and there was no time so favourable for the reduction of
that duty as the present time.
[A memorial to the Lords of the Treasury, to be signed
by the Mayor on behalf of the meeting was then adopted.
It expressed the opinion of the memorialists that the pre-
sent exorbitant duty on tea deprived large portions of the
community of a wholesome beverage—that the reduction

would materially extend the trade with China—that it
would promote the moral improvement of the industrious
classes, and that they thought no serious loss would accrue
to the revenue. They therefore entreated their lordships
early and favourably to consider the subject, and adopt
such measures as would lead to a very great reduction of
the duty on tea.]
Mr. Thornely, M.P., rose for the purpose of assuring
the meeting that he had listened with much attention to
the instruction which he knew he should obtain upon ,

this important subject from the mere'

pants of Liverpo

at hand

le out a strong c

v legis

that, at the first opportunity, if not immediately, the le-
gislature would see the necessity of complying with their
memorial. He hoped he should soon have the pleasure
of congratulating them upon the accomplishment of their

wishes

Upon the motion of Mr. Alderman Nicol, a vote of
thanks was then passed to the Mayor, and the meeting
separated at a quarter past three o'clock.

SUPPLY OF WATER FOR LIVERPOOL IN 1771.—At
the Highway Board, on Thursday, a curious old docu-
ment was exhibited. It was an estimate of the expense
of making a canal from the Infirmary at Liverpool through
Walton and Derby to the coal districts. As one of the
inducements for adopting the scheme, it is stated that
from the heights of the canal the whole 'own and port of
Liverpool may be supplied with water, which will rise to
the tops of almogt all the houses and ships' masts, with-
out the use of engines, in cases of fire. In the estimates

, ...
on the consumption of the population? It was from 3oz
to lib. 50z., and the contribution to the revenue was Bd,

(Hear.) here was a great gain to the Chan-

cellor, and a great addition to the comforts and enjoy-
ments of the people. In 1841 the consumption rose
from 21,000,0001b5. to 27,000,0001b5. The duty remained
the samt, but the consumption had been progressive ;
the contribution to the revenue was tenpence per head ;
and the amount consumed 11b. 7oz. In 1841, when

the duty on colonial coffee was reduced to 4j., and

on foreign to 6d, per pound, they found again an increase

in the c;nsumption, from Ilb. 9oz

to fib. 10az., and

only a deficiency of one penny in the revenue. This
was soon made up. In 1844, the consumption rose to
44,000,000 lbs. , but in 1846, which was as early as could

reasons tAy be anticipated, he had_tbe satisfaction to tell

them that for nine months of 1846 the consumption had
been at the rate of 46,500,000 lbs. or two pounds per
head, and the contribution to the revenue 10d. per head.
This brought them up to the present time ; and the
increase was so astonishing, and the reduction so large,
that he had no fears whatever as to the effect of any
reduction that might be made in the article of tea. He
thought it might be done with the greatest safety to the
revenue, and there was no doubt it would add largely to
the comforts of the people of the country. (Cheers.)
The calculation was, that 1 lb. of tea required 5 lbs. of
sugar. He based his calculation on 4 lbs., as he wished
to be within the mark. And if the increase in the con-
sumption of tea were 20,000,000 lbs., the increased con-
sumption of sugar to meet that increase would amount to
35,000 tons, which would bring the Chancellor the enor-
mous amount of 4:735,000. (Hear, hear, and loud cheers.)
He felt he had trespassed too long upon their time, and
he would, therefore, conclude by expressing his entire
concurrence in the resolution which he had the honour to
second. (Loud cheers.)

with a car

tlwboi7efinaD7isnttlhoac;eloctaanzivt)vricttoneahngcokeeemeredreditatclhastleetefTirvtoTpiihefFrmde(E4,
jEa,sethT.exleteclluthictpuneaaotnrnnongasrclepeso,tqAn,houoyesneoi.rsod_ettehiiinrTiesagobta4uisentosthenoistnioe.fmNAnof
vra:2e,ObtiOenorg:
Chairmane
for
the stated
base
of Mr. Huskisson's statue, which is to be placed in the
area opposite the Custom-house, it was thought more
complimentary to order it at once, and this had been done
by the Sub-committee of Works.—The Marine Sub-
committee reported the services of the Magazine life-boat
to the crew of the Harlequin, and recommended that a
gratuity of 15s. should be given to the master, and lUs, to
each of the crew, for their services. In consequence of a
communication which had been made to the Chairman, it
was agreed to defer the grants until farther inquiry had
been made into the facts of the case.—Mr. Horsfall sug-
gested that a representation should be made to the con-
servators of the river against steamers getting up their
steam immediately opposite the Albert Dock. The Chair-
man was authorised to communicate with the Corporation
on the subject.—The Sub-committee having inquired into
the complaint against Mr. Drury, clerk in the harbour
master's office, of being engaged in the block and pump
trade, and he having admitted being in business it was
recommended that he should be required to relinquish
business, or give up his situation, the salary of which was
30s. per week. Mr. Drury had asked for a week to con-
sider of the course he should take, and this had been
granted to him.—The receipts of dock and light dues at
Runcorn, for the month ending 24th instant, were stated
to be £44 ss. 2d., on 170 vessels and 8826 tons.—The
following Sub-committees were then re-appointed :
Works—Messrs. Nicol (chairman), Middleton, Wood,
Aikin, Shand, and Sandbach. Marine—Messrs. Hen-
derson (chairman), Tobin, Lockett, and Mann. Ware-
house Management Messrs. Molyneux (chairman),
Saunders, Rankin, Bold, Henderson, and Mann. Har-
bour Masters, &c.—Messrs. Bold (chairman), Chilton,
Royden, Kendall, Saunders, and Adam Gladstone. Fi-
nance—Messrs. Molyneux (chairman), Rankin, Hough-
ton, and Harsfall,.

Mr. DIXON, wine and spirit dealer, read some calcula-
tions from official documents as to the effect of a reduction
on another article hitherto made, to prove that such re-
duction had not diminished the public revenue, but bad,
on the contrary, augmented it. It would be in the recol-
lection of many in that room that, early in the present
year, the duty on brandy was reduced from 225. 10d. to
15s. per gallon—a reduction of nearly one-third. Mr.
Dixon then read a table from which it appeared that, not-
withstanding the extensive reduction of duty, such was
the increased consumption, that there would be an actual
gain to the revenue of about £60,000,. in. Liverpool alone,

ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF SOME to have foundered with all hands. The Senator, in run—
PARTS OF LIVERPOOL. ning back, was driven into Ballybunnon bay, dashed
TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. ashore, and it is feared will become a wreck.
A large ship, with Indian corn was wrecked at Bally_
cotton cn Friday morning, name as yet unknown. The
police went from Middleton to protect the wreck—crew
saved.

LETTER XX

" Property has its duties as well as its rights."

THE DAMP, FOUL STATE OF DWELLINGS, AND THE

IMMENSE Loss OF PROPERTY ON BOARD THE AJAX
_iTEAMER.—This noble ship returned to Cork on Friday
morning, after experiencing, the gale of Thursday night,
And suffering much from its severity. The Ajax left the
above port at four o'clock on Tburs!lay for London, with
a very large cargo, principally consisting of live stock and
in aast the pravisions. Until • - •

HASTY OCCUPATION OF NEW-BUILT HOUSES, SOURCES

OF DANGER—(Continued)

1 remember, in 1845, a family went into a small house
recently built, and occupied but a very few mouths pre-
viously by a party who bad rewed it. This family suc-
ceeded the former, presuming that the previous occupancy
-as a recommendation, and almost warranty
of e,“ -ow house. Tk'

entering a new house. Th;s previous tenancy is re-
lied upon by many people es satisfactory ground for tak-
ing to a green house, whether wize or not the experience
of this family will show.

The father, who had for years before scarcely ailed any.
thing beyond the common catarrhs to which all people are

ss obnoxious, was soon seized with rheumatism

--,
which he thought might bo. caused in the ordinary way,

such as exposure to external cold or wet. But the obsti-
nacy of the attack became remarkable ; if I gained some

sort of mitigation of the wearying pains of this form of dis
order, he very soon relapsed again as bad as ever ; and th

Jught over

00111 is rue shape of constitutional remedies and lo-
cal application to the back, where the affection was chit fly
fixed. Some one or two days he could go down to his of-
fice, then three or four days at borne, again turning out
for a day.

were no indic

about eleven o'cloet
from the land, the t

heavy seas struck th

ay the bowsprit and smash i

&c., it was fou

when she

very hest•

Enoch as possible, and ac

s forty voiles
,us fury, and

Ice c
it's_berth alsojs'

ald be li--,1;

of 120 srleePOre

many as could be of t

brown ovei:bolrd
number of nines

there era

tne pigs
and tF

not be ha
mals vve

It is hardly needful for me to say, that when this form
of rheumatism shows itself, a plan of treatment, the re-

, et whom
nce could

ad to throw them ocerbc
:re killed or smothered.

Out of 93

cattle on board, only twenty that mornin

The fu

ry or a

head of
.e landed

verse in many ways of what is required in the more recent
or acute form, must be adopted—the depressing plan, in
other words, must be exchanged for a tonic or invigorat-
ing one. The attack was not that sharpest form either,
known as rheumatic fever, it is plain. I was soon driven,
then from the earlier depressing lines of treatment, to the
best modes I could adopt of the invigorating plan ; it was
no matter what he took at last with the exception of an

tain put back, and, laying too off the 1
consequence of the number of 0-

ips in C

of every us.

plate. Atter exhausting the legitimate trials
al remedy, I felt assured that the further em-

bour all a
nd the river,
)n board in
the

he arrived at the quays on Friday, s
The viol

a miserable plight. ..nce of the storm,
force with which the seas struck the vessel, may be
the fact that one of the chin boxes, weigh-
ied off the rail it is usually moved
f the deck to the other, and thrown

ing six tons, was cur

on two pigs, which were literally crushed to atoms under
its weight.

ployment of remedies would be unphilosophical under the An American ship, Allen, beating up the channel, was
existing circumstances. I declined pushing remedies so driven on the French coast ; the captain and ten of her
far as that I might run the risk of poisoning his system, crew drowned, the ship herself a total wreck. Two other
perhaps damaging it for life Many weeks elapsed ; even vessels driven on shore are expected to go to pieces. Off
months, found him an invalid, now and then a fine day Yarmouth, many colliers were rep g,
orted missing and
drawing him out of doors for a few hours. great fears entertained for their crews. In the Leith roads
During this time, other members of the family began a sloop, Carr Rock, sunk, and the whole of her crew
to suffer with heavy feverish colds;—and the servant was went down with her. More than twenty vessels are com-
never free from cough and sore throat. plete wrecks on the Welsh coast; two schooners struck on
The house did not feel damp exactly, when you exam- the bar the entrance to Llanelly harbour, and are lost with
fined the walls ; but still had a sense of chill, whilst occu- the whole of their crews. A Bergen ketch was hurled on
pying the rooms, which a large fire in the small rooms never the sand at Gunwalioe, and four of her crew drowned.
quite destroyed. The chill was naturally ascribed to a Near the isle of Whisthom, the barque Helen broke up,
draught of air, which small cottage rooms present more and her crew, in number fourteen, all perished.
notoriously than larger rooms, because the rush of out- In the North Sea, off Yarmouth, the Humber, Whitby,
ward air is more direct from the doors and windows to and other ports, many colliers are reported as lost, and
the fire-grates and chimney flues. (Those who do not much excitement prevails as to the fate of the crews. In
understand this simple but important subject of social the Leith Roads a sloop called the Carr Rock sunk, and
economy might obtain all they want or need to know by the whole of her crew went, down with her. Off Hartle.
purchasing the first part of the Liverpool Health of pool, a large number of vessels were dismasted, and were
Towns Advocate, at Walmsley's • price Is. 6d.) knocking about in a very disabled condition. Near the
From the unusual amount of ill health in every member Hasborough light much damage was sustained. The
of a family I had known and attended for five or six years Hasborough Sand was the scene of several shipwrecks ;
past, but which this few months required as much atten- but the loss of life was comparatively very trifling.
dance from me as the whole previous time, I made more The destruction amongst the shipping off Milford was
particular enquiries, and satisfied myself that it became enormous. It commenced to blow most fearfully on the
my duty to enjoin their quitting the house altoge- 11th from S.S.W. and so continued, varying or.e or two
ther. I had begun to suspect such must be ultimately points, until Saturday. The damage to property on shore
consented to. for weeks before it was made the basis has also been very great. More than twenty vessels during
of my ultimate medical prescription. There was 710 the storm were driven into the harbour, so disabled as to
sewerage in the street; and though there was some render many of them almost total wrecks. On Friday,
drain off for surface waters, sink stones, &c., and the about noon, a fine looking barque named the Norman,
dampne,s was not palpable on the walls, yet there could belonging to Belfast, whilst on a passage from Dublin to
be no longer any doubt on the most obtuse judgment— Swansea, was carried on to the shingle at the South Hook
medical or not medical—that quilting such a house and Point. Every endeavour was made to get her off, but the
street was a matter of imperative necessity for health's continuation of the gale rendered it quite impracticable.
sake. She therefore became a total wreck ; the crew, however,
I remember years ago this plot of land now covered succeeded in preserving themselves. The coast for miles
with buildings, and on a very elevated part of the town, bears evidence of the awful character of the gales. Spars
was fields which always were more or less covered with and pieces of wreck are continually being washed up.
pools of water. The sewerage, not even yet attended to, On other parts of the Welsh coast the losses were very
ought to have preceded the laying down of the founda- heavy. A shocking catastrophe occurred at the entrance
tions, even of pig.sties. The health of our fellow-crea- of Llanelly Harbour. Two schooners, named the Trader,
tures is their greatest source of wealth and temporal hap. of Milford, and the Dolphin, of Penzance, were making
piness ; the health of the very animals is also our wealth, for it, when they struck upon the bar, and almost imme-
an-I contributes to our health, or the contrary ' too plain- diately foundered, every one of their crew perishing with
ly' for me to dwell upon with an additional word. them •, none of their bodies have as yet been cast up.
When I name the district of Crown-street, the public Another schooner, called the Mary, of the port of Hayle,
will see and appreciate the bearing of those dangerous went ashore in the harbour, but fortunately the crew
pools, as foundation-ground, though far elevated above escaped.
the mass of the townland ; whicl•' if un-sewered previous In the vicinity of Padstow, the gales occasioned much
to being built upon, are full of risk to health, and eventu- damage, and, notwithstanding every precaution, much of
ally to life. It is not only in ths locality, but in fact all the scaffolding attached to the Trevose Lighthouse was
round the suburbs of this extending town, that the error blown away. Off Penzance similar effects were sus-
of building before drainage, instead of drainage before tained. The pier of this port suffered severely. A Bergen
building, tends so greatly to enhance the mortality of our ketch, from !rico, laden with salt, was hurled on to the
sicknesses. If an increased per centage of deaths happen, sands at Gunwalloe, and in less than half an hour was
that argues a proportionate increase of sickness, with all completely lost. By means of ropes thrown by the coast
its numerous train of evils. It is well the new Act is guard of Prussia Cove Station, the master and three of
her crew were preserved, the remainder (four), however,
were washed overboard and drowned.

leftut twhehipelhaceb,sadndbeteonokinabahboiutesed lfoowrersedown
l
in Thethe flytaomwin, but
years. The atmosphere was not so clear as the neigh-
bourhood of Crown-street had been; but the immediate
circumstantials of the house presented themselves more Subjoined is an abridgment of an article which appears
favourable to health than the other abode. A very short in the Dublin Mail of Friday. The writer, it will be seen
residence here permitted his constitution to make the deals some " heavy blows" to the whole system of pul'"
works, as carried on " under the extraordinary pr
necessary effort, and that with but little aid from medi-
e,
cine. It is now about two years since, and he has not
ment" mode of doing business. The instances of sq
,; from his t been 13/
had a return of the same disorder, nor have the family iobbinz and shammed distress are, unfortunately, of

inoxious to constant coldi, although they have

THE IRISH FAMINE.

awe any doubts t

uirean

a
VG GLII.GIGU ILIII, LUG ticaitutin LICIAIIS 01 In" case; "It has now been clearly developed, to the sat'sfaction
for t.i;;e purpose of cutting off cavils which might have of all not wilfully blind, that the most corrupt jobbing
been other wise raised. I seek always to advance a de- speculation under the old grand jury system was purity
monstration as near as the circumstances will admit of, itself compared with what has been carried on under 'the
so as to tax the faith of the reader as little as possible. I extraordinary presentment' mode of doing business. A
We emphatically answer,—No. Many of them have been
would certainly have preferred rendering to the public ten years' burthen has been entailed upon a vast extent of
simply the statements briefly of my own conclusions and the country, nominally for the support of the poor—but
opinions, for obvious reasons; but, in that case, the con- have the poor, the really poor, been the. gainers by it?
elusions would have been only wtzth exactly what my
individual judgment might fetch in the mind of the enabled to clear scores with the rapacious and grinding
reader,
- 44.11-lan, ___ ,
which might be infinitesimally small, and the
value ,f the frets t'- , as -
--
-A

~,,,,:,,,..,few
with the tregarded
est
she
oirppertisilivaen
hdpcirointuaar
tyrants
i the
heovfae over t tishetihrerseouvrlsa,s
nos,
asw
1 iwuhbo. lord
u a t
ok .acts themselves been at a discount, through
itlhoeres
the slightly influential weight of the judgment of the
have
aanvytes
party reporting. But, at the risk of being often tedious, appearho ltdo taken special care of their own interests during the hub.
authenticated have endeavoured to publish facts so faithfully, so well
authenticated by the witness and even by the reporting of been any preliminary inquiry, not searching the wretched
others, as to place the possibly erring judgment of the out,' nor any subsequent classification—mob law and mob
feet reporter out of request, and almost out of exercise. interest forbad the exercise ofjudgment and reason in the
If I have hitherto succeeded in throwing out of the cafe- matter. There is something talismanically mischievous
gory of conclusions by others, any of my own as need- in the word 4 public money.' The moment it was men-
less, though acquiring at the same time's certain definite cloned, what would have been a struggle—a putting of the
value when they proved concurrent with that of the shoulder to the wheel—attended with, perhaps, a hoping
reader ; then have I so far attained the main point at in God, became at once a scramble, with all eyes fixed
which these letters have been aimed, and I shall stand in upon the Treasury. There seems little doubt that, but
the simple light of a faithful witness, not in that of a for this, private liberality would have done its duty—the
judge, or a jury empanelled to examine the merits of the really poor would have been supported—and, perhaps,
And further, before I proceed, I may he allowed been taught to feel some gratitude even to the Sassenach,
;c, that, in the endeavour to discharge with faithful whose generosity has been so frequently experienced on
accuracy the varying duties of witness, if ever I have such trying occasions. A good-sized volume would
trusted myself beyond that imaginary boundary line of hardly contain the multiplied and multiplying instances of
delicacy, which society, by the dicta of prescription or the misapplication of these ' presentment' funds, as de-
• of custom, has always felt to be laid down as a
usages
tailed both in private communications and the most inde-
canon, whoever infringes which does so at his social pendent of the provincial journals. One thing we must
peril,—if ever I have rendered myself obnoxious to the observe with regard to those of the squirearchy who
peril of this penalty, I should regret it myself, wherever sought, and in many instances obtained, the name of the
the essential nature of the subject and the preeminent patriots—bless the mark!—by lending themselves to the
value of human life did not exculpate me from blame, in outcry, and falling in apparently with the views of their
the matter of a law which, however proper as a general reverences and their mob hounds. These gentry passed
' J numbers of these precious 'presentments,' being perfectly
certain that the ultimate carrying out of them was what
neither the law nor the Government could sanction. It is
I a pleasing part of our public duty to take the borrowed
' feathers out of such ' jays.' Some landlords, too, are be-
ginning to back out of the reduction system, by clogging
it with certain conditions, which they well know are most
unlikely to be complied with.

rights, is occasionally " more honoured in the breach
than in the observance." Where I have seemingly

broached upon this part of the social code, the
public will excuse the medical man, whose mixed
mission for the welfare of his fellow-creatures may
not be stayed by the etiquettes of polished life, or
swamped in the sensitive tutoring of " ears polite."
Our fellow-men and fellow-women, our joint hetitors of

and it maybe df another world, have gr

,s are to

'e wisely and

While on this subject we will relate a couple of anec-
s, the literal truth of which we have no reason to

)rtbcriming substantive measures
of parliament, we must all bear our part in the strife of
knowledge versus ignorance—good versus bad ; giving a
little, pro bono publico, versus taking a little, in selfish-
ness—in comprehensive and sound measures versus par-
tial, crude, and vexatious interference—in general rights
versus vested particularities;—and upon the efforts of this
generation the tide of future prosperity, for those who
shall succeed us, will flow more or less advantageously.
I am, sir, yours truly,

landlord, o❑ the ground of his potato crop being a failure.
The landlord at once offered to make a reduction from
his rent, provided that in years of plenty he would obtain
a valuation of his crops and an increase in the rent in
exact proportion to the present reduction, which was de-
clined and the rent paid. The fact is, a man takes his
land, as he takes his wife, ' for better for worse,' and it
would be hard upon the landlord to come in only fur the
latter part of the barg❑in.
"The second case is that of a gentleman of moderate
income, nearly every farthing of which is spent at home.
Finding some of his tenants inclined to hold back, more
from design than necessity, he at once assembled his
labourers, to the number of about 20, whom he kept in
constant employ, attended with sundry advantages, and
From a letter received on Tuesday at the Underwri- acquainted them that the non-payment of his rents must
ters'-rooms, dated Boulogne-sur-Mer, 21st November, lead to the reduction of his establishment, involving their
we learn the total loss of the American ship Helen, of dismissal from employment. The men were aware of the
New York, Capt. Hoyt, from New York to Antwerp, I fact; they knew, moreover that noising short of necessity

Bedford-street, Nov. 30, 1846

G. C. WATSON.

THE STORM

go of rye and cotton

a few mil

best known to a

place. Out of a crew of seventeen, only six are saved
The captain and officers are of the number lost. The coming
vessel has gone to pieces.
The English schooner Devon, Beer, from Plymouth,
bound to London, with a cargo of lead, hemp, ore, &c.,
is also stranded near the same place. Crew saved. She
is still upright. Damage not known.
During Friday Dublin presented a most depressing
spectacle. The day being set apart for general humilia-
tion and prayer, on account of the fearful state of the
country, and the apprehended famine, the shops and offices
were for the most part closed, and the streets and thorough-
fares presented a most dreary appearance. In the sub-
urbs considerable damage has been done to property.
At Ranger trees were blown down, and houses com-
pletely unroofed.
At Ringsend the river Dodder Was swollen to an im-
mense extent, but we are happy to say there was no loss
of life. Throughout the early part of the day several boats
were engaged in carrying provisions, &c., &c., to the oc-
cupants of those houses the lower storeys of which were
completely inundated

atelves ; but the rent:has been fort

WIIAT GIBSON, OF LIVERPOOL, IS DOING IN HOME.
—A correspondent from Rome informs us that Prince
Albert has given a commission for one of Wyatt's
Nymphs. " Indeed," he adds, " the countenance of
royalty seems to smile on sculpture at present; as Wyatt,
Gibson, Theed, Tenernani, and Woolfe, all have orders
at this moment from one or other of the royal pair. Gib-

sons statue of the Queen will be shortly finished

has handled his subject well. The likeness is admirably
preserved, whilst royalty loses nothing in his hands. He
is about to hazard, however, a novelty, at least as far as
English sculpture is concerned, which, I confess. my
eyes are unable to endure with pleasure. Her Majesty
wears a slight diadem, and her drapery, which is very de-
licate and light, is thrown loosely over her left arm, in-
dining gracefully towards her feet in front. The diadem
and the bordering of the drapery are tinged with blue,
and some part is even pricked out in gold colour.—Athe-

The Jessie Torrens, William Skead, master, went on
shore on Friday morning, near the coast-guard station at
Dunny Cove, near the Galley Heaci, and will be a total
wreck ; 11 or 12 men are saved out of a crew of 20.
This vessel was timber laden, and bound from Quebec
to Liverpool. Another vessel, the Chester, from Quebec
for Liverpool, was seen near Clonakilty, at the west side
of the entrance to that harbour, and went down : all
hands perished. There were on board the Jessie Torrens 21
hands, including a gentleman's son on his return home to
Edinburgh ; the captain's wife, a young woman of IS years,
was washed overboard, and not as yet found. More
would have been lost but for the courageous attempt of
Mr. E. C. Croker, of Ballyva-house, aided by his son
George, who, at the risk of their own lives, were let by a
rope down a cliff, at least 100 feet, and rescued ore of the
crew from destruction. Two lives have been preserved in
one week by these gentlemen.

- -
Sir R. Ronnycastle says, in his " Canada in 1846," that
the word " Yankee " is most properly Yankeese, the
old Imlian word for English •, so that by parity of reason-
ing, John Bull is after all a Yankee.

A BIT OF LUCK.—LOOK TO i;01/It POCKETS.—On
Saturday week, Mr. William Russell, of the Bean-
House, Cradley, left home for Worcester, with two hun-
dred sovereigns loose in his pocket, to pay the deposit on
a small estate he had purchased in the above parish. His
cash was safe when at Bransford Bridge, but he felt, on
his arrival at Clap-hill Gate, near St. John's, a distance
of about four miles, a sovereign fall from his pocket, and
on making a search he found he bad lost the whole of his
gold, having a hole at the bottom of his pocket. Mr. R,
turned back and commenced picking up sovereign after
sovereign until he met a man who had found between se-
venty and eighty, and on proceeding further he met a
yh
he
bad e po
vi cekree dd
1960 p aougtooodf num-
ber,rthouen2doolo
sws oovn raaenni gdannus ld.t—i girlmH atervllh o
fo r d paper,

The Sea Lark, in putting back into Limerick, was seen
to disappear immediately off Loop-head, and is supposed