The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-02-08 00:00:00

CORRESPONDENCE.

Letters addressed to the Editor should be accompanied by the
real name and address of the writer, not for publication, but
as a guarantee of good faith ; this is indispensably requisite
in any statement of facts.
The Editor wishes it to be understood that he does not hold
himself responsible for the opinions or statements of his
correspondents.

TENANT RIGHT FOR ENGLAND.—No. 111

To the EDITOR of the LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

Srn,—l resume the subject, from the conclusion of my last
week's letter, with reference to the respective positions of the
landowner and the occupier.
According to the existing law, the right in the freehold be-
longs to the owner, and the usufruct of the land is the property
of the occupier. The land he is bound to restore to the owner
in the same state of fertil:ty as that in which he took possession
of it, and so far there is equal justice ; but it is required that
the land should be improved in value, and here commences the
difficulty. The law which binds the occupier to all the former
value, gives him no claim to that which his industry, skill, and
capital has added to the land, and it is a claim to this addi-
tional value which the law is required to provide. On the
termination of his tenure he should possess a legal property in
the value of those manures which he has purchased and which
are still unexhausted, and from which the advantage is to be
derived by the succeeding occupier. In admitting this claim,
no injustice can possibly ensue to any party concerned. The
landowner, in the firiA place, will not only not be injured, but
he will be considerably benefited ; his land, improved in value,
will command a higher rent; while his new tenant will have to
pay for the improvements, and by this means a partial security
will be provided for the accruing rent, and the necessity of such
a payment will tend to provide a better class of tenants. In
the second place, the new occupier will not be injured, because
he wilt receive the full value for his outlay, in the increased
produce of the land ; while the outgoing tenant, who may be
changing his farm, will be in a position to reimburse the pre-
ceding occupier of the farm he is about to enter upon. In
practice, a right to comper.sation would merely operate from
one tenant to another, giving the landlord the advantage of an
improved estate, and to each tenant the benefit of additional
crops, with the encouragement to renewed exertions by the
security given to him of a return for his outlay. It is not the
object of this letter to suggest the particular details of the

legal enactment which is required in order to give the tenant
the necessary security, or it might be shown that the question
is not beset with so many difficulties as some writers on the
subject have enjeavoured to make appear. For all improve-
ments which it !s the duty of the landlord to perform, he might
be protected by due notice of their requirement, and the arbi-
tration of competent surveyors as to their necessity, with some
limit as to their cost ; while in the case of farm buildings, the
object may be answered by giving the outgoing tenant a right
of removal without injury to the freehold, and, consequently,
of resale to the landowner or incoming tenant. In claiming
for unexhausted manures, or food purchased for cattle, the
scale of proportion, according to the time at which they have
been used, might be fixed by law at a maximum rate, and the
details left to be settled by arbitration ; while any apprehen-
sion that such a law would enable a wealthy tenant to overbur-
den an impoverished landlord might be obviated by making
the right to compensation accruable only when the notice to
terminate the tenure originates with the landlord, so that any
claims for remuneration for improvements which the landlord
was unable to satisfy might be met by a continuation of the
tenure to the occupier whose prepertywas embarked in it. The
effect of such a regulation would be to remove much of the
objection which may exist to any law which, by making the
occupier more independent of the landowner, might have the
tendency to weaken that community of interest and mutu .1
goodwill, and destroy that continuity of tenure which has so
long been the peculiar characteristic of the relations between
landlord and tenant in this country. To briefly sum up the
necessity for the law now sought, it may be stated that in-
creased production of food is imperatively required by the
necessities of an increasing population for an additional sup-
ply of food ; that this demand can only be satisfied by a general
adoption of the most approved system of cultivation ; that
such improvements can only be carried out by an outlay of
capital for labour, manures, draining, buildings, &c. ; that
with the exception of the two latter, which may be done by
landowners, the expense and risk must fall upon the occupiers,
and that tenants will not and cannot be expected to undertake
this additional expense unless they can acquire a legal right to
the value of the improvements which they have effected. It is
no longer a question of choice, or one which even admits of
delay. The farmers of England are thrown at once into direct
competition with the untaxed corn growers of foreign coun-
tries, and unless they are enabled by increased production to
maintain their right to supply their own markets, agriculture
will no longer be a profitable pursuit, and England must, by
necessity, be made dependent upon foreigners for the most
important supply for the subsistence of her population, while
the nation would suffer almost irremediably by the large num-
ber of her people which would be thrown out of employment,
and the loss to the revenue from the great deficiency in those
taxes which are now borne by the land.

.. .
I shall conclude this subject next week, and am, Sir, yours,

AGRICOLA

DR. CAHILL AND THE MADIAI.

To flee EDITOR of flee LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

SlR,—Most truly does the Catholic Standard describe
Dr. Cahill's letter to Lord Carlisle as " worthy of the
man ! "—worthy of the man who bade the Trish papists to
" keep up their courage, and wait their opportunity," re-
membering how every Frenchman " would dance with
frantic joy, at the glorious idea of burying his eager sword
into the inmost heart of every man bearing the hated
name of Englishman ; " and then, in attempting to gain
" the applause of Leeds," brought down upon himself
4' the cutting and lasting irony" of every one above an
idiot, by assuring his audience that he " would rather
have cut off his left hand," than have expressed any
"gratification" at such a thought ; nay, that he specially
adopted that particular style of exhortation, in order to
"reconcile the people of Ireland with the English
character, and not to make them enemies to each other ! "
Worthy of the man, who further courts " the applause of
Leeds," by telling them that " he had put in print on
four several occasions, and had declared it in a public
speech in Liverpool, that it was in the nature and in the hearts
of Englishmen to be generous ;" and from very gratitude
for such unbounded generosity, thus pours fourth his soul
to a Popish audience at Dublin :—" The capital that rises
from our green fields, and the gold that flows from our
national revenue, feeds the English apetite and fattens the
cherished English artizan, while our poor millions are
starving in naked destitution in their unroofed hovels, or
crawling through the putrid poorhouse to a coffinless
grave. (Sensation.) The dogs of the English kennels
are fed with sympathy and care ; the wild grame have a
security, and are protected by law ; the unlawful death of
a fox is followed by a penalty, and his life is protected by
the British constitution. (Hear, hear.) But, alas ! my
beloved country, the poor Irish thole, the child of God
and man, is left to feed upon briars and thorns—perishes
of hunger by the wayside—the coroner's inquest need not
record the case ; the handwriting of England is traced in
the protruding bones of his skeleton frame, and publishes
in red capital letters—' Starved to death by English law.' "
Worthy of the man, who assures Lord Carlisle that he
has " formed a very exalted idea of the honesty and reli-
gious feeling of the English people ;" and V
also in a
brilliant discourse" at Dublin, during the delivery of
which, the Popish report states that " the vast congre-
gation evinced an emotion acrd an excitement which it
would be impossible to describe ; rocking to and fro in a

smothered murmuring rage," gives vent to his admiration
of such models of honesty and religious feeliny, by a
glowing prediction that " the days of England are num-
bered ; that the God of justice will soon break open her
brazen gates, and in the midst of her delirium and drunk-
enness, will send an unknown enemy to place the sword
of vengeance on the throats of this persecuting and Anti-
Christian people." Honest lago ! !
Worthy of the man, who, after passing through the
Insolvent Debtor's Court, in Dublin, has to fly from a
country where he is sufficiently known to be duly appre-
ciated ; and comes here to seek a precarious subsistence by
astronomical lectures and controversial sermons, amongst
the generous people for whose blood he appears to be
thirsting.
Worthy of the Man, who, having covered himself with
scorn by his repeated displays of theological ignorance
and moral cowardice in Ireland, intinerates through
England, throwing out boastful challenges to imaginary
opponents in Romish chapels, but almost invariably takes
refuge either in dogged silence or vulgar abuse, whenever
his challenge is accepted ; who is always proclaiming to
his admirers, what he coud do, and would do ; hut when
put to the test never can do, or will do, anything:: thus
adding the modest courage of Falstaff to the tender mer-
cies of Shylock, and the open truthfulness of lago.
Worthy of the man, who never negatives invitations to
preach the Gospel to an heretical world at whaierer
inconvenience to himself; but who obstinately refuses to
let the heretical world hear a word of it unless they choose
to attend a Romish Chapel, and generally, if not always,
pay smartly for the privilege.
Worthy of the man, who is lauded as a " most eminent
divine," " distinguished scholar," and " ornament of the
church," who yet is totally unable, by his own tacit con-
fession, to prove that his church possesses at this moment
any Pope, any priest, any sacrament, or any rule of faith,
and who very wisely shows his contempt for such an
" airy nothing" by publicly teaching the very doctrines
which she condemned as heresy in the person of Galileo !
Sir, this great Goliath of Rome well knows that the
above is far from the most unfavourable picture that stern
truth might draw of him, if it were always right for her to
tell everything she knows. But taking it as it stands, I
ask whether such a specimen of all that does not command
respect or esteem was ever presented for the admiration
of an intelligent public ? And I would ask further, whe-
ther, if the reports be true of the crowds that attend his
lectures, any stronger proof could be found of the exces-
sive gullibility of that estimable gentleman, John Bull,
Esq., who never can believe any one to be worse than
himself, and whose dormant shrewdness can seldom be
stimulated into activity by anything short of a matter that
touches his pocket.
Every one who makes a great stir must Lave something
remarkable about him. in Dr. Cahill's case this is
simply and solely a commanding figure, fine voice, and
great powers of language. The latter alone could of
course be exhibited in a letter; and if that be added to
the photograph already taken from his own sayings and
doings, any one may know what to expect from
produc-
tion which is described by such competent authority to
be " worthy of the man 1"
With this admission from Vat catholic Standard, few
Perhaps will care to know !pose a the doctor's cp:nionz ,

ECCLESIASTICAL.

PREFERMENTS AND APPOINTMENTS.

Rev. W. H. Benn, ➢J.A., to. the Rectory of Churchover,
Warwickshire.

Rev. J. P. Birketr, M.A., Fellow and Tutor of Jesus College,
Cambridge, to the Rectory of Graveley, Cambridgeshire.
Rev. G. Black, Rector of Inch, to be Chaplain to the Lord
Lieutenant of Ireland.

..lter. J. Cawston, to be Chaplain to her Majesty's ship Bel-
lerophon.

Rev. 'F. Clark, M.A., late Minister of the Consular Chapel at
Calais, to the Incumbency of St. Mary, Haggerstone, Shore-
ditch.

Rev. S. Clifford, M.A., to the Vicarage of Teynbam, near
Sittingbourne, Kent.
Rev. G. Craig, to the Rectory of AO=loo, diocese Deny.
Rev. E. A Davies, M.A., to the Perpetual Curacy of St. Mat-
thias, Malvernlink, Worcestershire.

Rev. J. Drury, A 8., Curate of St. Bridget's, Dublin to the
Curacy of St. Mary's, Clonmel. ,
Rev. J. Eccles, 8.A., to the Curacy of St. Peter's, Drogheda.
Rev. J. A. Fell, to the Rural Deanery of Penkridge, Stafford..
shire.

Rev. T. Gloster, to the Curacy of Killesher, Florence-Court,
diocese of Kilmore.

Rev. J. Gould, Rector of Burwash, Sussex, to a Prebendal
Stall in Chichester Cathedral.
Very Rev. H. P. Hamilton, M.A., Dean of Salisbury, to be,
oneof her Majesty's Preachers at the Chapel Royal, Whitehall.
Rev. W. Jackman, Vicar of Falkenharn, Suffolk, to an
Honorary Canonry in the Cathedral Church of Norwich.
Rev. W. James, M.A., to the Rectory of Bilton, Warwick-
shir.

e'en. M. J. Keatinge, Archdeacon of Ardfert, to be Chaplain
to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

Rev. E. L. B. W. Boughton-Leigh, to the Curacy of Han.-
borough:Magna,Warwickshire.

Rev.. J. V. Lightfoot, M.A., Rector of Wootton, to an
Honorary Canonry in Peterborough Cathedral.
Rev. G. A. M. Litle, to be Chaplain and Naval Instructor to
her Majesty's screw steam-frigate, Imperieuse, Chatham.
Very Rev. Lord Viscount Mountmorres, Dean of Achonry,
to be Chaplain to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
Rev. R. T. P. Pulteney, to the Rectory of Ashley, North-
amptonshire.
Rev. C. M. Robins, M.A., to be Chaplain on board the yacht
Sulphide.

W. Sewell, 8.D., Sub-Rector of Exeter College, Oxford,
to be Itev.Principr.l of Radley College, near Abingdon.
Rev..l. Smith, 8.A., to the Incumbency of Golden Hill, in
the Parish of Wolstanton, Staffordshire. •
Rev. H. Somerville, to the Perpetual Curacy of Ahinagh.
Rev. R. Stalburd, to the Perpetual Curacy of Templeorame.
Rev. D. Thomas, Worcester College, Oxford, to the Curacy
of Llanllichid, Bangor. _ _

Rev. F. Vanderinceulen, M.A., to the Rectory of Thorley, near
Bishops Stortford, Hertfordshire.

Rev.. 1)r. T. A. Warburton, late Curate of Horsepath, to the
Incumbency of 111ley, near Oxford.

Rev. W. Woodward, 8.A., to the Curacy of Bell-Broughton,
Worcestershire.

TIIE REV. JOIIN M. JEPHSON, formerly curate in
Leeds, (who some years ago seceded to the Church of
Rome,) after having returned to the Church of E.,gland,
has been formally restored to the duties of the ministry
by the Bishop of Norwich, the Bishop of Ripon concur-
ring. He cfliciated in this town on Sunday.—Leetts
Intelligezzcer.

ORDINATIONS TO BE HOLDEN.—The following prelates
have announced their intention of holding general ordina-
tions on Trinity Sunday

The Bishop of Salisbury at Salisbury Cathedral.
The Bishop of 0xf0rd..... • at Christ Church.
The Bishop of Chichester at Chichester Cathedral.
The Bishop of Bangor..
The Bishop of Exeter....
The Bishop of Hereford at Hereford Cathedral.
The Bishop of Ripon
The Bishop of Lincoln at Lincoln Cathedral.
The Bishop of Rochester . in London.
The Bishop of Bath and Wells intends holding his ordina-
tion on Sunday May Ist (Rogation Sunday) instead of on
Trinity Sunday, as originally announced.

THE REV. G. C. GORHAM.—We copy the following
from the Exeter Flying Post, a paper which has always
advocated the opinions held by Mr. Gorham :—" Bramp-
ford Speke.—A correspondent wishes to know when the
parishioners will have the privilege of worshipping in the
parish Church ? He complains of the shameful delay in,
opening the new Church, and hints that as the Rev. G. C.
Gorham is so veryerotchetv, the summer may come and pass.
away again before that sacred. edifice will be available for
Divine Worship. Who is to blame in the matter is not
for us to say ; hut we happen to know that the relations-
between Mr. Gorham and his parishioners are not of that
friendly kind which ought to subsist between a clergyman,
and his flock. The truth is, the rev. gentieman has made
himself very unpopular in the parish, a marked proof of
which was given by the attendance of only one of the tithe-
payers at a sumptuous dinner which he had provided, and
to which he invited all the tithe-payers except the two<
Churchwardens."

VISCOUNT COMBERMERE, as Constable of the Tower,.
has received Her Majesty's commands to prepare a suitable
place for the reception of the funeral car upon which the
remains of the late Duke of Wellington were conveyed to
their last resting-place.
ALLEGED MURDER OF A GENTLEMAN OF FORTUNE.
—On Wednesday Elizabeth Vickers, a middle-aged and
well-dressed woman, was charged at Lambeth police-
court, with having, by violence, caused the death of Mr.
William Jones, an aged gentleman of considerable pro-
perty, with whom she had lived for many years as house-
keeper. On the discovery of the death of the deceased,
who was upwards of 83 years old, strong suspicions were
entertained that it bad been caused by unfair means, and
this opinion became strengthened upon the fact being
disclosed that the prisoner became entitled by his will, to
the great bulk of his large property, to the exclusion of
his immediate relatives, and these suspicions were con-
siderably increased by the conduct of the prisoner since
the burial. The deceased expired very suddenly, and the
answers given by the prisoner to the surgeon, Mr. Key,.
when he questioned her as to the symptoms he exhibited,
were very contradictory. There were several severe
bruises on his person, and the lower cartilage of the nose
was broken. No other person lived in the house but the
prisoner and deceased. Some of the neighbours deposed
to having seen the prisoner beat deceased violently, and
pull him about by his grey hair. The prisoner fre-
quently came home intoxicated, and except Sundays, had
not been sober tor an entire year. The deceased had
frequently told his neighbours that he was " a miserable
man," and had also been heard groaning, as if in intense
agony. The prisoner, who betrayed the utmost uncon-
cern, was remanded, although it was intimated she would
be committed to take her trial for wilful murder,