The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1838-11-27 00:00:00

ARTICLES WHICH HAVE INCREASED.

Increase.
Cotton
Haraviare, Iron, Steel
Lines 1,861,665
Silk 388,131
Woollens

These five articles give an increase therefore of £13,600,000
Copper 155,781 I Lead and Shot .... 80,000
Wearing Apparel
Anne &.kiumunition 130,000 Machines
Beer 66,000 Painters' Colours .. 94,000
Books
Butter
I Coals
Earthenware
Glass 150.000 Other Articles 522,000
Hats 93,000
DECREASE ON T
Segar
Snap and Candles
Let us now turn to the trail

HE FOLLOWING.
Cordage
Herrings
e of other countries—

Imports. Exports.
French Trade in 101 16,609.167 12,177,240
I±tls 7,938,648 15,908,174
1637 36,223,014 38,451,390
Total Trade is 1.....01
1836....
From 1824 to 1936 it has increased 108 per cent.
Expenditure of France front 1827 to 1837, 14 millions more
than the expenditure during the yeari of war up to 1810.
Increase of Expenditure commencing with a more determined
action in the alTair.3 of the East.
.N 1.5. 1836.

In 1815 American Trade was mill 661
French Trade
American Trade has thus increased 27u per cent. iu tw,:uty

years.

The excess of the Trade'of America and France iu N3i;
over that of 1815, is equal to the total amount of the Trade in
Great Britain in 1915, while in 1915 the total amount of the
Trade of France and the United States was only equal to the
exports of England in 1933.
The result of the official returns exhibited a positive dimi-
station of exportation at the same time that there was an in-
crease in our own population, and in the population of those
countries who were formerly our customers ; and he contended
that means must be taken for extending our coultnerce, or
we roust decline in the scale of nations.lf their present state
was not irrevocable, it was their duty to endeavour to amend
it; and front this purpose, he expressed his belief that they
lanstnow look to toe East and South Ann erica.
Mr. Urquhart then examined the causes of our negligence,
which he attributed to the want of union amongst the com-
sassecialeommunities, so that becoming careless of each other's
interests, they became ignorant of, and indifferent to, the ge-
neral interests of the country. But now, incoming to a more
dispassionate inquiry into the circumstances in which they
stood, they were not to escape by throwing the blame upon
this or that public man, upon this or that adminisrtation.
t ach individual present would find in his own breast the
causes of our decline, in the apathy with which he regarded
the common we Li, in his preference of party objects to no-
tional interests, and so his submission, as a member of the
most powerful nation iu the world, to insults in that capacity'
which, if submitted to in his individual person, would render
him en outcast front society.
Mr. Urquhart then entered into the detail of the cession of
the island of Java to t.l, Dutch, and the process by which
the rights of that island, and of British commerce secured by r
treaty, had been extinguished. Lie next read from thetreaty
the articles that had I,,en infringed, and then several extracts
from a note of the British plenipotentiaries, ending with mu-'
tual congratulations
i to the two governments on the new ca-
reer in Europe and n Asia of rivalry in commercial liberality-
and in political friendship, based on mutual renunciation of
advantages which they had that day proclaimed in the face
of the world. Was ever deception more complete, or mock-
ery more glaring ? And here it was not a time-serving mi-
atister—R, party politician—or the subservient instrument of
foreign objects, but one of the greatest men which the eoun-
try 4-4 r plochiced, George Can :tug, whom Holland under-
took Cerotif.,, anti to commit. with an assurance and a suc-
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cess which shows the estimate of British quicksightedness
amongst the governments of the Continent, and the correct-
ness with which we are judged by them. You have to derive
from this fact the reality of foreign projects against
.your
commerce and your rights. You may.gather, from tha igno-
rance of those here present, regarding facts of such impor-
tance, that these rights have been sacrific'ed only in conse-
quence of the want of unity of purpose anil action in the com-
mercial communities, and the consequent absorption of all
their disposable energies and time in local interests- and in
party politics.
Mr. Urquhart proceeded to the consideration of another
important subject affecting the commercial interests of these
kingdoms, and that was the subject of loans; and went on to
show that the non-recognition of the loans which were con-
tracted in England with foreign powers, did not increase the
resources of the inhabitants, whilst it was the means of up-
setting constitutional rights, and distutbing mercantile affairs,
and of bringing about a feeling of insecurity, by making
themselves objects of cupidity to other powerful nations. He
then read another extract, showing that in all cases where
stipulations of this nature were not strictly fulfilled, reprisals
ought to be made. He particularized the various loans from
England, amounting in the aggregate (we understood) to
eighty-three millions, nine hundred and fifty thousand pounds
—an amount of floating capital, throughout the world,
which produced a large interest, end had the effect of mak-
ing many suppose that our trade was increasing, and was
one of the causes which led to that spirit of aggression
against the commerce of Great Britain on the part of Rus-
sia, France, and America. To convince the meeting that
they could do without instituting an inquiry into these
subjects, such as he had proposed, he would mention one
or two facts. In Poland we obtained and guaranteed
the rights of unlimited commerce throughout the whole of
that country, as constituted in 1772, giving it a connection
which -would have done more to strengthen it, if properly
looked to; than any other; but scarcely was the treaty of
'ienna settled, when an order came out for regulating the
trade of Poland, and this order, like that made at Java, was
acceded to; and to follow up this blow, there came, in 1819,
a second ukase of such a restrictive nature that it rendered
the exportation of cotton goods almost a nullity, yet no re-
sistance wai made to it. Poland fell! Had our commercial
rights with that country been maintained, it would not have
fallen, its material strength would have been greater, and its
ties with England would have given it consistency, unity,
and moderation; and vet when Poland fell the politician
declaimed and the philanthropist mourned; but where was
the mercantile community of Great Britain, the real and
now the only guardian of the rights of mankind by the main-
tenance of their own ? From that body one word would
have been decisive. What was the object which led Russia
to turn her attention to the east? It was to counteract the
control which we had over her commerce, and she more cer-
tainly to impair ours. Front the moment she had taken a
position which must ultimately lead to a collision with this
country, her grand object was to become independent of this
country, politically and commercially. Conduct like this
would induce neighbouring states to follow her example in
these aggressions upon our commerce, and yet we acted as
if we were quite ignorant of what was going on. Mr. Urqu-
hart then referred to our Indian trade, which he appeared to
consider in no small degree of danger. He read an extract
from Dr. Nebenius to show that influential and powerful
men, and means, had been employed to prepare the public
mind of Europe for the downfall of the British power and
the decay of British trade in India. Within the last two
or three years we had explored the Indus ; we had esta-
blished steam communications for the facility of transmit-
ting goods, and, in fact, tried every means for calling into
operation the commercial energies of central Asia. The
advantages to be derived from such a trade were immense.
'There they had many spices—many dyes—which belonged to
Great Britain alone, and if we should be deprived of them
by our cammunication with India being cut off, it would di-
minish the quantity of our produce, and affect the whole range
of our trade. Ile need scarcely say more than state that un-
less India was kept in a state of tranquillity our commerce
could not flourish, and a general influence derived from our
power and possessions would become weak and ineffective.
In case of war, England must defend India under all circum-
stances, and which ever way the scale turned, a cessation of
commercial advantages must be the consequence. If such
would be the result—if we were becoming, as it were, daily
more and more dependent on our commerce with India, must
she not be looked upon as one of the props of this great em-
pire, and supported accordingly ? Mr. Urquhart then said
he trusted he had said enough to excite attention to the sub-
ject, and shown the necessity for taking such steps for the
observances of treaties, for compelling respect to our flag,
and for the consequent preservation of our commerce, as
would be irresistible in their influence with the government.
At the conclusion of Mr. Urquhart's address it was pro-
posed by Mr. Doubleday, seconded by Mr. Smith, and car-
ried by acclamation, that the Chamber of Commerce should
invite Mr. Urquhart to a public dinner.

DETERMINED SUICIDE OF AN EX-SECRETARY
OF LORD GEORGE GORDON, AND CURIOUS
DISCLOSURE.

Late on Tuesday evening last, an inquest was held before
Mr. Payne, at the Blue Anchor, St. Mary-at-Hill, London,
on the body of Robert Watson, aged 88, who put a period to
his existence in the following novel and determined manner:
Ebenezer Brown, jun., son of the landlord of the above
house, deposed that he bad known deceased tor about eight
months, a portion of which time he had lodged in his father's
house. In March last deceased left his lodgings, for the pur-
pose, as he said, of visiting a relation at Bath. Nothing
more was heard of deceased until about six weeks ago, when
witness's father received a note from deceased, dated Guy's
Hospital, in which he was confined in consequence of having
been found in a fit in King William-street, City. On de-
ceased's recovery he again came to lodge at the Blue Anchor,
and up to the time of the fatal occurrence he appeared to
enjoy good health. At times, however, deceased seemed
very absent in his manner. On Sunday evening last de-
ceased retired to his bed-room at about half-past eleven
o'clock, and told witness to call him by ten next morning, as
be wanted to go early into Portiand-street to receive some
money. At the hour appointed witness went up to the de-
ceased's bed-room, and on approaching the bed he found de-
ceased in it, having his night-cap drawn down over his face
and neck, and fastened round the latter by a silk handker-
chief. Through a loop knot in the handkerchief deceased
and iftrittniVitiii hew tiring- clenched 1.11 both hanBs.""~lte
had made use of the poker as a smith does the handle of a
vice. Witness called his father, who instantly came and un-
fastened the handkerchief; but deceased appeared dead, and
was very black in the face. A surgeon was sent for, who en-
deavoured to restore animation, but without effect.
Evan Brown, the landlord of the house, corroborated his
son's evidence, and, in addition, made the following state-
ment. He said he did not know who deceased was until
Sunday evening last, when the latter related to him the prin-
cipal particulars of his life. Deceased said that he had been
deeply implicated in the riots of 1780, sad that at that period
he was private secretary to Lord George Gordon. He after-
wards became president for a time of the London Corres-
ponding Society. Having resigned the situation he suffered
various vicissitudes of foreign service, and being at Rome in
the year 1812, he became acquainted with a party who had
in hia possession several important documents relative to the
Stuart family, and to the secret history of the papal govern-
ment, particularly in reference to its connexions with the
exiled royal family. Deceased said that having made this
discovery, he communicated it to Lord Castlereagh, then chief
secretary to the foreign department, who authorised him (de-
ceased) to produce the documents in question at any price.
Deceased, af:er much difficulty, succeeded in obtaining them,
and a frigate was sent out by the English government to
bring deceased with the documents to this- country. In the
meantime the papal government being apprised of the exist-
ence of the documents, seized, and set its seal upon them.
After much negotiation, the papal government consented to
give up those portions of the documents that related to the
Stuart family, and this country, on condition that it should
be allowed to retain those papers which referred to its own
acts in behalf of the Stuarts. Lord Brougham (then Mr.
Henry Brougham) was the chief negotiator in the transac-
tion between the English and Papal governments, and front
him deceased had received several sums of money, though
not all that had been originally promised to him. Witness,
in conclusion, said that at the latter part of the recital de-
ceased appeared very much excited, and in that state retired
to his bed-room. Deceased owed witness between £3O and
£4O, and was to pay him a portion of it the day he was found
dead.
The jury consulted a considerable time, and returned the
following verdict :—" That the deceased destoyed himself
while in a state of temporary mental derangement."