The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1838-06-12 00:00:00

Tikettrp.

BEN j[jilC:.;'S SONG.

Once old Father Time walked along, '
A journey to take at his leisure;
When a group of fair nymphs there came ap in a throng,
All moving in gracetaillest measure.
"He shall tarry awhile," did they laughingly say; '
" We will bold him with us, and then dance Time away !"
But although bound with garlands they made him advance,
They SOU4I found that they could not keep Time in a dance.
" Alack, silly ovniphs I" then he cries,
" Whilst ye all dance so gaily, Tina FLIES."

Then off Father Time again set,
The dust from his scythe gravely wiping;
Till a party of skilful young shepherds he met,
Passing Time most melodiously piping.
Some sought to hold Time with a vigorous gripe,
Some Fade him to listen how well they could pipe,
`They Flayed, but ere long found their pipes would chime,
They held not the tune, and they could not keep Time.
"Mack silly shepherds l" he cries,
"„Whilst ye all pipe se gaily, Ttmit FLIES."
Again the old fellow set out,
Without a companion to cheer him;
But was stopped in his way by the laugh and the shout
Of a crowd of gay Baccivatials near him.
With his scythe the wild youths cut the grapes from the vine,
" We with drinking kill Time !" cried they all in great glee :
But whilst merrily quaffing., Time set himself free.
" AltiA, silly topers !" he cries.
" Whilst ye all drink so gaily, TIME 'Puss."

So, my masters, drink freely and fast,
Time coming looks wunderously pleasant;
Let us merrily find our pastime in Time past,
As we make the best use of Time present.
Then crowned with fresh roses let's pass round the flask,
And the sunbeams of wit on our pleasures shall bask;
For he may all heed of Time's progress resign.
Who quafts—freely quaffs of the rosy red wine,
Old boy, we thy hour-glass despise,
We care not a whit how TIME{ 17 LIES.

CO,VTEMPORdn Y PRESS.

THE FACTORY ACT-WHITE SLAVERY.

( From the Tinte,.)
The predicament .in which the Melbourne cabinet is
now placed by the slave apprenticeship question would
tali forth some sympathy from the unprejudiced part of
the community, if the ordinary procedure and policy of
the men who compose that cabinet were manly and
straightforward; But, as matters are, the embarrass-
meat into which they have been thrown excites no cor-
responding feeling in the public mind. The bystanders
are only amused to witness the rough handliug, the piti-
less pelting, which the ministers experience at the hands
of their friends, the moment they venture to resist the
pressure from withuut, and to difFer in opinion with any
particular section of their supporters. To adopt a de-
,cided course of their own is so contrary to their usual
habits, that the stand they have now made will be attri-
buted by many to wounded pride rather than to higher
motives. They are aware that he of the " tomahawk,"
.orice their ally, but now their implacable foe, directs the
" gathering," and that if they were to yield, it would be
said they yielded to him. But, leaving these considera-
tions, it is clear a storm is rising which will not speedily
be quell d. The " Central Negro Emancipation Com-
mittee," a formidable title of itself, and " the delegates
now in London, have recorded their most solemn and de-
liberate protest against the attempt which has now been
successfully made to supersede and annul a deliberate
decision of the Commons of England." When these
agitators have settled the weighty affairs they have in
hand, the " Short Time Committee of Factory Opera-
tives of Manchester and the surrounding district" will
be ready thankfully to avail themselves of their services,
and will no doubt lie happy to merge theit own modest
title, and become an auxiliary to a " Central White
Slavery Emancipation Society ; patron and prompter,
..Lord Brougham and Vaux.
The factory act came into operation on the first of Ja-
nuary, 1834.. We are now in the month of June, 1838,
and ;re have been living during the whole of that time
-tinder a 'despotism. The rulers—meaning by that term
the executive—are above constitutional control. They
:ierie set the example. of taking the law into their own
bands. The people have only to be actuated by an equal
contempt for legis!ative-enacttnents,, and the social sys-
tem is at once dissolved. Continue to deal thus with
the great masses of the population, and anarchy may
.si)on.overtake us. There is no need to go back to the
-" okt ahnanaoks," as Lord Plunket once with thoughtless
`levity expressed himself, when speaking of the chroni-
cles of remote times: events have occurred within the
last seven years iu France which ought •to have taught
whig statetsradn a lesson ; but they are slow, it seems, lo

THE FANATIC .COURTENAY.
(From the Church of England Gazette.)
Mr:Hume, following in the wake of the prints in the
pay and service of government,:on Wednesday evening
night made the melancholy occurrence- in Kent the
ground of a most malignant and virulent attack on the
great body of the English clergy, and asked. with an air
of triumph whether such an occurrence did. not prove
that. although the established ehureh wan called the peo-
ple's church, its directors paid very little-attention to the
instruction of the people. How the lamentable catastro,
rthe to which he alluded could
,Warrant or establish a
_charge rai. gross neglect and inattention••to the duties of
their sacred calling against-the• English clergy; it will be
for such logicians • as 'the -ex-member for 'ltliddleseXto
show, but we are pedants enough not to acknoivledge
414,soundrtess of any argument ~which draws general
..c.inclitsions.from particular premises, although it,may be
in other-respects-unobjectionable. But, in this case; the
-circurnstances attending that' " ont-hur'sr Of fauatical
ntertVificif Ted tiiSuelt deplorable results; afford not even
t4l Slightest celOur for so sweeping and wanton a 'charge
against the clergy of the district in which it occurred,
-much less against the whole ;parochial clergy of Eng-
land. It has been ascertainedthat the deluded followers
,of that compound of madness and fanaticism, Courtenay,
~did not. exceed, forty, and we thick the fact that such a
number could be found weak-minded and ignorant enough
,to attach themselves. to him, however much it is-to be
.lamented, no very severe imputation on the county 'of
vlient, containing, as it does, a population of half a mil,
liOn,`and especially as the wretched impostor was a dis-
yrectcher, and a most violent opponent of a ua-
,tionalchurch establishment. In what way the extrava-
:gala fanatieisrwof a few misguided ignorant peasants,.
who had- withdrawn themselves from the wholesome.
.guidance and religious control of their pastors, and. had •
:heenled away by the mad enthusiasm and enticing doc-
..:trines•of their new teacher; can tell against the charac-
ter and conduct of the English clergy, we are at a loss
•to dis Cover.
Indeed, sogroundless an imputation of neglect of duty
sought to be tastened on the English clergy only betrays
-.the anxious .eagerness with which their enemies (and•
they have many) seize upon every opportunity' for the
:indulgence of their malice and spitefulness, and shows
wrist little just,cause of complaint against them exists,
when their most inveterate and watchful foes. can find no
• stronger •or more substantial grounds of accusation
-against them than those afforded by the recent occur-
rences in Kent.

-Datzatvrt, StrnaSTerfors.--The. Rev: Richard Knill, the
'zealous agent of the London Missionary Society, at 'a meeting
-at Leeds last week, gave a thrilling and dreadful account of a
superstition which has lately been discovered to prevail in a
part of the Madras presidency, India, where the farmers are in
'the habit of-fattening and lining boys, and cutting their flesh
'from their bones whilst they are vet alive, and sending a piece
of their flesh to, each of their fields or plantations, that the
blood may be squeezed out of it on the soil before the child
-dies--this being cane with the view of making the soil more
-fertile I Twenty-five boys, amongst the finest that could be
Coned, were discovered by-the British soldiery in one place,
under the care of the priests, fattening for slaughter; and in
another place fifteen were founrfl- They were, of course, res-
cued, and put under-the care of the collector: and it_was be-
lieved that the missionaries will take charge of the poor infants,
and bring them up in. the Christian-religion.
A ScENE AT SEA.—The velocity of the water, urged -as it is
-before a tempest, is often as great as that -of the shiponslat such
moments the rudder is useless, its wholeforce being derived front
its action as a moving body against the:element in comparative
,repose. When ship and water move to-gather, at an equal rate,
in the same,direction, this power of the helm is neutralised, and
then the hull.is driven much at the merry of wind and waves.
Nor is this all; .the rapidity of tbe-billows exceeds that of
:the:strip, and then the action of the rudder becomes momentarily
veversedcproducing an, effect exactly opposite to that which is
desired. It is true that this lastdifficultv is never of more than
a few inoments' continuance, else indeed would the coudjtionof
t:ie mariner be hoNless ; but it is of constant occurrence, and
;;regular as to defy calculations and defeat caution. • In the
,pu,seht instance the Montauk would seem to fly thtough the
swift was tier progress, .and then, as a furious surge
toyi(i;er. in the chase, she settled, heavily in the element,
,}ti, a wouncied animal, that, despairing of success, sinks help-
ta,the,grass, resigned to fate. At such times the crests. of
the, waves sweep,past her like vapour in the atmosphere, and
onic tuipractised.would be apt to think the ship stationary,
;tough in truth whirling along in company with a frightful mo-
mentian.-,Flornew-ird Bound, by the author of the filar,

_ . .
Ting. Tuittl...t.—Of the different kirots' of 'turtle,- one only
affords coati food : it is,called the green turtle, because it affords
Ilia men celebrated "green fat ;•"pit is a g=entle and harmless
animal, very different from some of the other species.- It is•oc,
sasionally found of a very large .site, being sometimes ,seven
feat long; audit varies frotrVs6 poonds to 800. Its strength car-
reapondsfor a turtle of the large.l size can 'easily walk while stp-
porting Eve men on its•back., Theislands cif the East. and West
Indies, and lierless other- islands, abound 'in them; those
along the coast of Cdcbin---chiris are not only supplied with them,
bat they are of an exquisite flavour; and so highly prized are.
taey, that serious conflicts are said to occur between lie inha-
bitants of these parts to obiain therw 'They forma considtrable
article of commerce between the 'West India 'Stands and Great
Britain, and the ships engaged are provided with proper, accom-
modation to permit them being brought over alive, and in toler-
ably good health_ They general's, frequent the waters of the
coasts; but thev frequently enter the -mouths of rivers, 'or go on
land to considerable distances, warder to deposit their eggs.
These eggs are perfectly round, and some affirm that they lay
the almost incredible number of WOO in a season, of the size of
a small hen egg. Vast numbers- are taken by various birds and
beasts and also by man, yet the number hatched is considerable,
and even comparatively few of these are permitted to crawl to
the sea, such havoc is made on them- by sea-birds during their
perilous journey.—Dunuvan's Doutestia Economy.

ON THE PREVALENT IGNORANCE AND APATHY

AS REGARDS IRELAND.

( From the Christian Observer.)
I had vvri'ten the above when interrupted by one of those
fearful thunder-claps, not unfrequent in this turbid and disor-
ganised region; but which, if strangers to it had eyes to see
and ears to hear, would dispel the darkness of ignorance as
regards the real state of Ireland, and disturb the slumbers of
apathy. My attention has been drawn.to.the subject of the pre-
ceding pages, by the strange procedure and issue of the assialtS"
for this county, which has just terminated, and by the glouality
forebodings to which these gave birth.. Between the. precegiqg
assizes and the last, several murders have been committed in
this one county,. as the mangled body of the victims undeniably
testified. At the last assizes 80 individuals were arraigned at
the bar of judgment on the awful charge of depriving a fellow
man of life: b r, to adopt the learned judge's more technical
description, "Bt/ charged with murder, or aiding, orabettin,g in
murder, which is, the same." That is, in. one county, and at
une assizes, nearly twice the number charged with the same
awful crime: in .all England and Wales, for the entire year;
Such was one page front the annals of Tipperary ! one extract
front its calendar of crime! The assizes commenced with the
charge of the criminal judge, ( Moore,) of which no faithful
paraphrase would be: credited. I shall ;therefore give one
.ex-
tract. in his own words, as reported by, the press Gentle-
men, this is a peculiar county. It is looked ,upon as an alarmed
world, but I assert that, it is an excellent. population; that it
has a noble gentry, who., held fine places, and can live comforta-
bly and happily in those places, leis not the 'ref agium peeca-
torum." No; it is not tke.uucleus of crime which it is repre-
sented."

So the assizes commenced. They closed, as from such a com-
mencement might reasonably have been expected, in a county
where jurors, if they did their sworn duty, would have more to
fear than now have. murderers; and where most of them are
glad, some through fear, more through favour, to avail theme
eelves,of any salvo of conscience and character which willjus-
tify them to themselves and to the public.in clearing the guilty
—they closed without a .single capital conviction! Justice, at
what impulse I know not, or how, paralysed, has dropped the
balance aed the sword. The manes, unappeased, of many mut-
de,red victims of anarchy and party, hover over the. affrighted
land—seem to moan iu every hollow gust, and send a thrill of
shivering horror through the frame, as they meet us, each, in
the fatal spot of ,his bloody death struggle, at.every lonely turn
in the highways of this Aceldama."
,The blood of many mur-
dered victims, unheard by the "dull, cold ear. ot" justice, which
stifled voice crieth unto heaven from the, ground, for vengeance
on this guilty land. A murmar—loud or low, as fear permite—
snunds through this outraged county, in every quarter, film
every decent tndividual. Toe more orderly Rornan.Cathelics,
even of the humblest class, shudder and express their alarm
when they hear of various murders and no murderer—as'
though the destroying angel had passed, with a promiscuous,
slaughter, through our sleeping host; or sometimes, as of old
in Egypt, with nice discrimination selected the srst-bore.e-the
thief 01 all our strength; when they hear of 80 prejudiced.in--
nocents, most of whom they .know to be murders-efor about the,
perpetrator there is no secret among the people, and those who
have heard the evidence, say, there could, in many. instances,
be little in the court—turned loose upon society, many of them
upon the county, to.itinerate as • walking placards of a govesn-
ment proclamation that rewards offered for the co,aviction of
murderers are merely old-fashioned and unmeaning furors;
that, in Tipperary, killing is no murder, or at !east murder is
no crime; and as it is inculcated and believed by many, that
" the Queen has given her hand and word to Sheil and rave
that there shall be no more hanging in Tipperary." Consider-
ing allahese things, I wrote the preceding pages with a strong
sympathy in the general apprehension, that our Spring assizes
had sown the serpent's teeth, which would speedily mature into
a bristling array of armed men, and that the scythe of death
would reap among us a bloody harvest.
•My worst fears have already commenced to be realised. On
the morning of Thursday, the sth of April, between the hours
of seven and eight, within a mite of his own house; and not, I
believe, three miles from the mostdistant of the scenes rendered
memorable by the inurders of Mr. Bake, Mr Long, Mr. Going,
Mr. Chadwick, Mr. Whitty, and many others of lesser-note;
on the high road, and from behind the fence, Austin Cooper,
Esq. Kilmore, was barbarously murdered by four (as is sup
posed) hired assassins: Mr. Wayland, a gentleman who, with
Mr. Cooper's brother, accompanied him, dangerously wounded,
and his horse shot under him: and these fatal shots responded
to by the fire of a party posted on a parallel road which Mr.
Cooper sometimes travelled to Tipperary. But murder is so
common in this "refugium peccatorum," as, in despite. of Judge
Moore's judicial decision within the last three weeks, we must
style this " pecniiar county," drunk with blood, that to make a
case which will justify our exclamation.of horror, we must tell
of 'his murder, what the cause, and who the victim.
Cooper was agent to the Board of Erasmus Smith's en-
dowment, and to the See of Cashel.. After unexampled for-
bearance and indulgence, he felt compelled, by u sense of-duty
to his employers, to dispossess sonic tenants—not, as be himself
told me, unable' but unwilling, to fulfil their obligations; and
who, emboldened by the anarchy of the county,-and the recent
murder in the neighhourbood of an --agent - who had dared to ,
eject, refused every offer at compromise. They found to. their
surprise, that in honest hands the law could be vindicated; that
Mr. Cooper, though .a lamb in ,geirtleness and feeling, was a
hero in. principle, and would,- at whatever personal risk, dare to
do his duty. The refractory tenants, to.their amazement, were
actually ejected. A price—anal it•was a poor one ; but murder
is cheap in the training-school of.the assassins—was set.upon
his forfeit life. He received several of those private warnings
of which the public knows•nothing, and the authorities of, the
present day care nothing; but which render this county, we
must again say. notwithstanding Judge Moore's late -judicial
decision, an alarmed world." -One of his. hired assassins had
been sometime ago transported for anothercrime; and, pre-
cious to the last assizes, he had reason to believe that the spirit
of the conspiracy was broken. In the open simplicity of an
honest and generous heart, which would not believe that the
Irish peasant is forgetful only of favours, and that the affection-
ate gentleness, past and present, of a whole life could not atone
for one transgression of that mob-rule which is the de facto law
of-this demoralised land,—hirneelf too forgetful of thatatimulant
to crime which, however unintentional, had hut lately emanated
from the seat -of justice, he confided in those whom superstition
had unlearned, if I may adopt a needful phrase;: even the vir-
tues of nature, and paid the penalty of this error—death. This
was the head and front of his But who-was the victim ?
r use both terms emphatically—the
most amiable of Christians. I ha.veknown amiable men without
the leaven of holiness. I have-known Christian men in whom
one•wisbed.faaee more, not: only,-of the meekness and gentle-
ness of Christ, but of' those bland, unselfish, softer characters,
which even nature caO sometimes produce: But -Austin Cooper
was cast in nature's finer mould, and of. her better day;. and
grace adopted this fine subject as its own, and stamped it with
sheiniage of God. . Hirt ‘was put *.religion of, meree•forrns, or
florid professions, but .rich in various, ripe, Bad precious-fruit.
Not:wierely exemplary, but tenderly-offectionate.in-all the do-
mestic relations; as father; hnsbandisson, and brother ;• a steady
friend, its the midst-of accumulate and toi lsome.bus Loess, ever
ready :to: step aside; at the call of friendship or-the:cry of want,
vvititout,ba st le or parade,- to become the servo nt, of all. men
to whom his-serviees couldibe really beneficial. -Generous and
unselfish towards- his dependents s- munificent.in his direct cha-
rities;. upright. liberal,-,and considerate, in,his manifold trans-
aetiorrs of bueiness; -.there •was in -his whole intercourse and
demeanour a meekness- and humility, and in his very counte-
nance vied address--as in -those of .his late murdered-pastor,
'mine Whitty—a placid calm, and a winningeweetness, which
facts alone could prove must not have disarmed even: the hired
assassin. An active promoter of every . charitable, and pious
work, his house had been for many years -aeration of the
Home Mission.t Of a temperament eminently domestic and
retiring, he yet felt as .a.. privilege, ..what .all must. -view. as a
serious derangement of domestic economy, the throwing open
his house as an hotel, his offices as public.stables, and his dining
room as a chapel, that- on every alternative Thursday a mi-
nister of his own church, to which-.he . was devoutly attached,
might there proclaim the unsearcbable riches- of Christ, and
preach to a large,- a -most respectable-and attentive, and, 1
trust, a seriously henefitted congregation, that gospelwhich was
designed to bring " glory to God in the highest, and on earth
peace, good will toward men."
I cannot forbear adducing it as a striking proof of the ex-

.10 Aware of the degree to which any vagueness in a statement
Weakens its impressions, I detained the above till the 18th of
April, in the hope that I might be enabled to fill, with figures,
blanks, whicn are now occupied with the words " many,"
" several," " various.' Bit I found it impossible to ascer-
tain, from any source on which I could rely with confidence,
the precise number of homicides in the county of Tipperary be-
tween the summer assizes of ,1837 and the ,spring .assizes of
1838. The secret of Irish crime, and espe,cially of Tipperary
crime, is so faithfully.kept, by, the " tranquillisers of Ireland,"
its safe depositoties (I must not say, „effective instigators and
aecomplices), that unless when parliament interposes, no
authentic information can be, obtained. Since the 18th of
April, when I forwarded the above to.the., Christian Observer, a
return of the committals for crime in Ireland .during the year
1807•;has been published by order of the House of Commons,
pursuant to the act of 56 George 111.. c. 120. But as it is con-
sidered that in Ireland, generally, comtnittals bear to crimes the
ratio of one to six, and iulawless Tipperary a far lesser pro-,
portion, this document can furnish but a faint conception of the
meanfng which should be attached to Ibe.vague terms " many,"
"several," "various," which I. have been reluctantly com-
pelled to use. .
From this parliamentary document it appears, that in, the
year 1837 the committals for murder in all Ireland,exclusive of
Tipperary, were 445 ; for manslaughter, 140; that in Tippe-
rary alone the committals for homicide—for the Tipperary re-
turn afford no means of distinguishing. between murders and
•manslaughters; these
,are, in the Tipperary returns, huddled
together—shall we say with-the benevolent view that. by mysti-
fying the returns of '; the murder county," as it. is styled by
some—" the popish county," by others—" a peculiar county,"
by a. third high authority—public feeling may not he shocked
with. the awful preponderance; of the higher crime ?—ln Tip-
perary alone, the committals for homicide, in 1837-amount to
124—that is, to more than one-sixth of the committals for
homicide in all Ireland, and exceeding, by 13, the number for
the 10 northern Protestant counties!

1 extract from the Stlandard newspaper he following re.
marks on the returns to Parliament :—" to order to observe the
progress of. Irish crime, it is necessary to take a term: we shall
therefore begin with the year 1823, as giving a repetition of the
convenient and customary •cycle of seven years:—

• COMMTT t LS Full CRINIkS.
1823—Tory mis-government 14.623
•1830—Ditto alto. . I V 49
1837 —Datilgrave Tranquillity
An•ieesease upoa the first period of ..
Au increase upon the second period of
An.agwravation tenfold of the rate of progress in the respective
cycles. .
" But the horrible rapidity of advance will be most clearly
seen by comparing the last too years:— .. .
Crimes, nom.
.1 836
18.37 .... .... 27.398 .. 722
An increase in one year of 3,505 .. 102

"This increase of,hoMicides4no i 4 all in the class—
for the committals for murde-rsin 1836 were stated at 340; and
in 1837' they are; exclusive of Tipperary, 353; and in that
ermaty—the return from which artfully confounds homicides-7
there were ten murderers convicted, making certainly 463 com-
mittals for that crime." •

1. ought not, perhaps, to have used, even figuratively, so
heathenish a frauie as "as appeasing the manes" of these vic-
tims; but assuredly, in the language of Holy Writ itself, blood
crieth from the ground ; earth cannot• cover it, or darkness hide
it; and the retributive vengeance of the. Most High will not•
finally sleep, either as respects the agents, the abettors, or those
whose criminal .supineness facilitated, if not encouraged, its
effusion. • ,

fi For the information ofsome of our readers, our correspon-
'den tsbould have explained that the Home Mission Society in
Ireland is not like tbat which bears the same name in London
—a Dissenting institution,—but is carried on by ,members of
ithe Episcopal communion, through clerical agency, under the
sand ion of some of the prelates of the Irishs Church. The late
Archhisbnia Magee was a :warm. friend of the society, and is
said to have remarked to the foll Owing effect :—" Go and preach
to the people in churches; 'and if you cannot get churches, in
schoOl-houses and barns; and if you cannot get these, beside
hedges and ditches."