The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-11-15 00:00:00

p HIL HARMONIC-HAL L. -
TO THE PUBLIC.

TICKETS can now be had for TUESDAY next, the 22nd
instant, when Handel's sublime Oratorio of SAMSON, with
a Band and Chorus of 250 performers, will take place.
Madame VIARDOT GARCIA will sing "Let the bri;ht
Seraphim," with Trumpet Obligato.

THE STRIKE MO VEMENT AT WIGAN.

WIGAN, MONDAY.

DESPITE the counsel and exertions of the delegates and
Committee of the Miners' Association, the strike of col-
liers in Wigan and the surrounding district, which has
been carried on upwards of two months, is daily being
brought to a close. The resumption of work by the col-
liers employed at the collieries of the Earl of Crawford
and Balcarres, at Haigh, has been the cause of the miners
of other collieries in this neighbourhood making applica-
tion, at their respective collieries, to resume work. This
morning, about 20 colliers, and an equal number of draw-
ers, resumed work at the Moss-hall colliery (Messrs. R.
Christopher and Co. ;) and more than that number Of
men and boys also resumed work at the Gravel-lane pit,
belonging to the Ince-hall Coal and Cannel Company.
Upwards of 20 colliers, and an equal number of drawers,
also commenced work at the Kirkless-hall Coal and Cannel
Company's coal-pits, in Ince. The colliers engaged at the
Rose-bridge and Kirkless Collieries have also signified
their intention of resuming work to-morrow (Tuesday)
morning. The whole of the colliers who have resumed
work at the various collieries in this district, have gone in
at the prices paid previous to the strike, except in the
case of Messrs. Blundell and Son, of Pemberton, where
the men received an advance, which placed their wages on
an equal scale with the prices paid at other collieries in
the neighbourhood. On Saturday the members of the
Miners' Association Committee issued the following ad-
dress, which was posted in the outskirts of the town :
" To the public of Wigan and the surrounding district.
" We, the miners of Wigan and its vicinity, beg to
state to a misguided public, and the masters also, that
the rumour now abroad that we are going to our work
on the same conditions that we came out, is entirely
untrue, with the exception of the Earl of Crawford and
Balcarres's men. But, as a body of men, we are deter-
mined to stand man by man until some amicable arrange-
ment is made between masters and men, as we have before
stated.—Yours, respectfully,
" THE MINERS' COMMITTEE."

We are fully prepared to deny the fallacious argument
put forth in this address, by the testimony of the coal
proprietors at whose collieries the men have resumed work
within the last few days.

The whole of the mills un this town still remain closed,
except that of Mr. James Gillow, of Ince, which com-
menced on Thursday last. Early this morning a number
of the operatives assembled in front of the entrances to
several of the mills (Messrs. H. Wood's, T. Taylor and
Brother's, and N. Eckersley's), to ascertain whether the
mills would be re-opened; but, after waiting upwards of
an hour without the • gates being opened to them, they
returned home. It is expected that some, if not all, of
the mills will be opened in the course of the week,
at nearly the same prices as given previous to the strike ;
at which time several of the masters were paying rather
higher prices than others, and refuse to do so any longer ;
consequently, in some instances, when the mills are again
opened, some of the operatives will be subjected to a re-
duction. To this they at present refuse to submit ; but
we think they cannot hold out much longer, the distress
among them being very great.
STATE OF WIGAN. —The greatest portion of the military
called into Wigan on the occasion of the late riots, de-
parted en route for their head-quarters, Preston and
Manchester, on Saturday last, leaving two companies of
the 34th regiment at the Public Hall and Sawmills. The
town remains quiet, but the authorities are afraid of further
outrage being committed, and acting upon a recommenda-
tion of Lord Palmerston, nearly 500 special constables
(men of all ranks) have been sworn in. This morning
Peter Rutter and John Leadbetter, two colliers appre-
hended on a charge of being concerned in qv late riot,
were again brought up before the Mayor, r. Eckersley,
and N. Eckersley, Esqrs. On the recommendation of the
chief constable, the prisoner Rutter was discharged to
give evidence. The evidence of Rutter and a man named
Levi Collier, proved that the prisoner, with two other
colliers, had led on a number of young men dawn the Hall-
gate, where they destroyed the street lamps ; broke several
panes of glass in the shop windows ; accused the witnesses
of being spies, and had thrown a number of missiles
at them whilst making their escape. The prisoner
denied the charge, and was remanded till Monday nes%

WRECK OF THE CALIFORNIA.—The California, which
left Sligo on the 18th september, with emigrants, was
wrecked on the 4th inst., about 150 miles from the
Island of Achil. The passengers and crew left the
vessel in three boats, two of which arrived at Achil on
Tuesday morning. There were about 60 persons in the
two boats, 15 of whom died—some at sea, and some since
landing. The survivors are in the private houses, in a
wretched condition. The third boat had not been heard of
when the last accounts had left the island, but no fears
were entertained for its safety, as its crew had a compass,
and there was a good stock of provisions on board. The
vessel sprang a leak, and sank instantly. The persons in
the two boats which arrived had suffered dreadfully from
want of fresh water.
JUVENILE EXTRAVAGANCE IN THE NAM—Circum-
stances have been stated to us connected with the above
which reveal a sad system in the navy. There are many
young:men of from 15 to 18, whose friends, regardless of
the real welfare of their charges, administer to their ex-
travagances in a manner surprising and lamentable. The
evil does not stop there. Those of lesser means, includ-
ing sons of naval and military officers, enticed by their
wealthy messmates, rush with them into dissipation and
ruin. In vain• are appeals made to the feelings of these
infatuated young men. They care nothing whom they
impoverish so long as they obtain the means of indulging
their vicious propensities. Other young officers, who have
no friends and but slender private means, are in the mean-
while placed in the most galling position. Unable to com-
pete with their aristocratic or plutocratic compeers, they
either retire from the service with dismay, or eke out a
most uncomfortable existence, denying themselves, often
amid the jeers of their thoughtless associates, the luxuries
in which their messmates freely indulge. A few years ago
a wine bill was a thing almost unknown in a midship-,,
man's berth. It is now more common than a milk-score.'
In every particular a youngster's necessary expenses
are increased. His washing bill is tripled, the expense
of his servant is nearly doubled, and his bare necessa-
ries increased at least 50 per cent. If added to these
there is wine and a dozen other of incidentals to be
paid for, it is clearly impossible for a young man to
pay his way without a very full exchequer to draw
upon. The subject has been frequently urged upon
the consideration of the Amiralty, and some captains of
ships, in compliance with instructions to that efiect, have
taken no small trouble to abate the evil. But we fear that
such captains are exceptions to the rule, and that the gene-
rality give themselves no concern in the matter. The
Admiralty standard of allowance to a young gentleman is
ample ; £5O a-year is sufficient for all the legitimate wants
of a midshipman under the age of 19 ; and if the Admi-
ralty were to insist that that sum should not only be the
minimum but the maximum allowance, a wonderful check
would be put to the demoralizing and highly injurious prac-
tices now in force. We are no advocates for meanness, but
its opposite extreme is so highly to be deprecated that we
would rather see a return to the discomforts of half a cen-
tury ago than witness the reckless expenditure now carried
on in many ships. Those who value the welfare of the
rising generation of young officers will, we hope, avail them-
selves of this hint. The service cannot do without the ad-
mixture of plebeian and patrician—poor and rich. The
friendless officers may be designated the active partners
in the concern. Drive them out, and the service would
certainly . not be increased in efficiency ; and driven out
they assuredly must be unless some steps are taken to
arrest the wild career of extravagance now prevalent
among the junior classes of the navy, more especially in
the Channel fleet.—United Service Gazette.
A PICTURE FROM TUE SCENE OF WAR, NEAR SIIITMLA
—Rostchuk is a large town in Bulgaria, of some 30,000.
inhabitants, situated on a promontory advancing into the
Danube. From the roofs of its houses a splendid view may
he obtained over thevast winding river, which is sufficiently
deep to carry merchantmen of large size. An immense
number of vessels are constantly anchored along the quays.
From a distance the town has a magnificent appearance ;
but, as usual, the streets are narrow, dirty, and dismal.
The lower parts of the houses, as is the case everywhere in
Turkey, are without windows. The shops are generally
tolerably well supplied with merchandise. Travellers
bound for Constantinople hire horses at this place, and put
themselves under the guidance of a Tartar. The distance
to Shumla is reckoned generally 22 hours. The road
is picturesque, and for some time after starting the
Danube remains in sight. Between Siniouscha and Tomlak
it is descried, however, for the last time from a lofty table-
land. The road then enters the valley of the Lom, bor-
dered on both sides by precipices and carpeted with ver-
dure. As yon proceed the ground rises and the path
leads across hills and valleys, here and there covered
with brushwood. All the country is thinly inhabited.
Now and then Bulgarian villages may be seen in the dis-
tance; but on the road are only one or two solitary
khans. The neighbourhood of hidden inhabited places is
indicated by wells on the roadside, from which paths lead
up into the mountains. Women with jars upon their heads
are sometimes seen coming down for water. The first halt
is usually as Razgrad, a town inhabited by about 15,000
Moslems and a few Bulgarian families. As a rule the Chris-
tians, whose occupations are almost entirely agricultural,
are disseminated in small villages throughout the country.
Their number is estimated at between 4,000,000 and
5,000,000. The Turks, infinitely less numerous, are con-
gregated in the great towns, but there are some villages
here and there entirely Turkish. As they are generally
placed in commanding positions, they are probaby inha-
bited by descendants of old military colonies, established to
keep the country in subjection. Beyond Razgrad there still
continues a succession of valleys and hills. The latter in-
crease gradually in height until, from the tableland of
Buratlare, the height of Shumla and the long range of
the Balkans stretching with the uniformity of a wall be-
hind come in sight. A little further on the view suddenly
opens to the left, and the eye, following the magnificent
valley of Paravadis, distinguishes in fine weather the deep
bay of Varna on the Black Sea. Crossing a steep range of
hills, by a defile commanded by a redoubt—probably at
present by many such fortifications—we come at length in
sight of the great defensive works of Shumla, to. reach
which the road makes a considerable curve.—Dickens'
Household Words.
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