The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1841-01-12 00:00:00

THS UNIT= BTATES

THE PftWilDß,4l"&

mtkis4ot

The tollowing are the principal points in the inessakei

t of the United States, which arri

here yesterda.

y the Sheffield

After a few congratulatory remarks on the favourable
seasons and abundant harvests enjoyed by the United

tates, the Message goes on to state that,

with all the

ppwers of the world, the relations of the government
were those of honourable peace." It then proceeds to

advert to the north-eastern boundary question, in the
following paragraphs :

The excitement which grew out of the territorial contro-
versy between the United States and Great Britain, having
in a great measure subsided, it is hoped that a favourable
period is approaching for iN; final settlement. Both govern-
ments must now be convinced of the dangers with which the
question is fraught ; and it must be their desire, as it is their
interest, that this perpetual cause of irritation should be re-
moved as speedily as practicable. In my last annual message

. _
you were informed that the proposition for a commission of
exploration and survey promised by Great Britain had been

received, and that a conger-project, including also a provi-
sion for the certain and final adjustment of th limits in dis-
pUte, was then before the British government for its consi-
deration. The answer of that government, accompanied by
,additional propositions of its own, was received through its
minister here, since your separation. These were promptly
considered ; such as were deemed correct in principle, and
consistent with a due regard to the just rights of the United
States and of the State of Maine, concurred in ; and the rea-
sons for dissenting from the residue, with an additional sug-
gestion on our part, communicated by the Secretary of State
to Mr. Fox. That minister, not feeling himself sufficiently
instructed upon some of the points raised in the discussion,
felt it to be his duty to refer the matter to his own govern-
ment for its further decision. Having now been for some
time under its advisement, a speedy answer may be confi-
dently expected. From the character of the points still inA
difference, and the undoubted disposition of both parties to
bring the matter to an early conclusion, I look with entire
confidence to a prompt and satisfactory termination of the
negotiation.—Three commissioners were appointed shortly
after the adjournment of Congress, under the act of the last
session providing for the exploration and survey of the line
which separates the States of Maine and New Hampshire
from the British provinces ; they have been actively em-
ployed until their progress was interrupted by the inclemency
of the season, and will resume their labours as soon as prac-
ticable in the ensuing year.

It is understood that' their respective examinations will
throw new light upon the subject in controversy, and serve

to remove any erroneous impressions which may have been
made elsewhere prejudicial to the interests of the United
States. It was, among other reasons, with a view of pre-
venting the embarrassments which, in our peculiar system of
government, impede and complicate negociations involving the
territorial rights of a state, that I thought it my duty, as you
have been informed on a previous occasion, to propose to the
British government, through its minister at Washington,
that early steps should be taken to adjust the points at dif-
ference on the line of boundary from the entrance of Lake
Superior to the most northwestern point of the Lake of the
Woods, by the arbitration of a friendly power, in conformity
with the seventh article of the treaty of Ghent. No answer
has yet been returned by the British government to this pro-
position.

The Message then announces that treaties of com-
merce and navigation, on terms of reciprocity and
equality, had been entered into with the governments
of Belgium, Hanover, and Portugal. The adjistrnent
of the claims upon Mexico, Chili, and Colombia, are
then alluded to ; after which occurs the following par-
agraph relating to the Texian boundary question :

The commissioners appointed in pursuance of the conven-
tion between the United States and Texas, for marking the
boundary between them, have, according to the last report
received from our commissioner, surveyed and established
the whole extent of the boundary north along the western
bank of the Sabine river, from its entrance into the Gulf of
Mexico, to the thirty-second degree of north latitude. The
commission adjourned on the 16th of June last, to re-assem-
ble on the Ist of November for the purpose of establishing
accurately the intersection of the 32d degree of latitude with
the western bank of the Sabine, and the meridian line thence
to Red River. It is presumed that the work will be con-
cluded in the present se

~ason

The financial arrangements of the United States
occupy four columns out of the six of which the Mes-
sage is composed. The President strongly repudiates
both a National Bank and a National Debt, and as
strongly recommends the Sub-Treasury scheme. We
quote the following paragraphs :
The present sound condition of their finances, and the
success with which embarrassments in regard to them, at
times apparently insurmountable, have been overcome, are
matters upon which the people and government of the United
States may well congratulate themselves. An overflowing
treasury, however it may be regarded as an evidence of public
prosperity, is seldom conducive to the permanent welfare
of any people ; and experience has demonstrated its incom-
patibility with the salutary action of political institutions
like those of the United States. Our safest reliance fin
financial efficiency and independence has, on the contrary,
been found to consist in ample resources unencumbered with
debt; and, in this respect, the federal government occupies
a singularly fortunate and truly enviable position.
When I entered upon the discharge of my official duties in
March, 1837, the act for the distribution of the surplus
revenue was in a course of rapid execution. Nearly twenty-
eight millions of dollars of the publ:c moneys were, in pur-
suance of its provisions, deposited with the States in the
months of January, April, and July of that year. In May
there occurred a general, suspension of specie payments, by
the banks, including, with very few exceptions, those in
which the public moneys were deposited, and upon whose
fidelity the government had unfortunately made itself
dependent for the revenues which had been collected from
the people, and were indispensable to the public service.
This suspension, and the excesses in banking and commerce
out of which it arose, and which were greatly aggravated by
its occurrence, made, to a great extent, unavailable the
principal part of the public money then on hand; suspended
the collection of m^ny millions accruing on merchants bonds ;
and greatly reduced the revenue arising from customs and
the public lands. These effects have continued to operate,
in various degrees, to the present period; and, in addition
to the decrease in the revenue thus produced, two and a halt
millions of dollars have been relinquished by two biennial
reductions under the act of 1833, and probably as much more
upon the importation of iron for railroads, by special legis-
lation.

Whilst such has been our condition for the last four years,
in relation to revenue, we have during the same period, been
subjected to an unavoidable continuance of large extraordi-
nary expenses necessarily growing out of past transactions,
and which could not be immediately arrested without great
prejudice to the public interest. Of these, the charge upon
the Treasury, in consequence of the Cherokee treaty alone,
without adverting to others arising out of Indian treaties, has
already exceeded five millions of dollars ; that for the prose-
cution of measures for the removal of the Seminole Indians,
which were found in progress, has been nearly fourteen mil-
lions ; and the public buildings have required the unusual
sum of nearly three millions.

It affords me, however, great pleasure to be able to say,
that, from the commencement of this period to the present
day, every demand upon the government, at home or abroad,
has been promptly met. This has been done, not only with-
out creating a permanent debt, or a resort to additional tax-
ation in any form, but in the midst of a steadily progressive
reduction of existing burdens upon the people, leaving still a
considerable balance of available funds which will remain in
the Treasury at the end of the year. The small amount of
Treasury notes, not exceeding four and half millions of
dollars, still outstanding, and less by twenty-three millions
than the United States have in deposit with the States, is
composed of such only as are not yet due, or have not been
presented for payment. They may be redeemed out of the
accruing revenue, if the expenditures do not exceed the
amount within which they may, it is thought, be kept with-
out prejudice to the public interest, and the revenue shall
prove to he as large as may justly be anticipated.

The available balance in the Treasury on the Ist of January
next is estimated at one million and a half of dollars. This
sum, with the expected receipts, from all sources during the
next year, will, it is believed, be sufficient to enable the Go-
vernment to meet every engagement, and leave a suitable
balance in the Treasury at the end of the year, if the reme-
dial measures connected with the customs and the public
lands, heretofore recommended, shall be adopted, and the
new appropriations by Congress shall not carry the expen-
ditures beyond the official estimates.

The first, and assuredly not the least, important step to-
wards relieving the country from the condition into which it
had been plunged by excesses in trade, banking, and credits
of all kinds was to place the business transactions of the Go-
vernment itself on a solid basis ' • giving and receiving in all
cases value for value, and neither countenancing nor encou-
raging in others, that delusive system of credits from which
it has been found so difficult to escape, and which has left
nothing behind it but the wrecks that mark its fatal career.
That the financial affairs of the Government are now, and
have been during the whole period of these wide-spreading
difficulties, conducted with a strict and invariable regard to
this great fundamental principle, and that by the assumption
and maintenance of the stand thus taken on the very threshold
of the approaching crisis, more than by any other Cause or
causes whatever, the community at large has been shielded
from the incalculable evils of a general indefinite suspension
of specie payments, and a consequent annihilation, for the
whole period it might have lasted, of a just and invariable
standard of value, will, it is believed, at this period, scarcely
be questioned.
A steady adherence on the part of the government, to the
policy which has produced such salutary results, aided by
judicious state legislation, and what is not less important, by
the industry, enterprise, perseverance, and economy of the
American people, cannot fail to raise the whole coqntry, at
an early period, to a state of solid and enduring prosperity,
not subject to be again overthrown by the suspension of
banks, or the explosion of a bloated credit system. It is for
the people, and their representatives, to decide whether or
not the permanent welfare of the country, which all good
citizens equally desire, however widely they may differ as to
the means of its accomplishment, shall be in this way se-
cured ; or whether the management of the pecuniary con-
cerns of the government, and, by consequence, to a great ex-
tent, those of individuals also, shall be carried back to a con-
dition of things which fostered those contractions and ex-
pansions of the currency, and those reckless abuses of cre-
dit, from the baleful effects of which the country has so
deeply suffered—a return that can promise in the end, no
better results than to reproduce the embarrassments the go-
vernment has experienced ; and to remove from the shoul-
ders of the present, to those of fresh victims, the bitter
fruits of that spirit of speculative enterprise to which our
countrymen are so liable, and upon which the lessons of ex-
perience are so unavailing. The choice is an important one,
and I sincerely hope that it may be wisely made.

The Message concludes with a reference to the va-
rious reports from the Secretary of War and the
Postmaster-General, and to the efforts made for the
suppression of the African slave-trade. Respecting the
latter subject the President remarks—
The suppression of the African slave-trade has received the
continued attention of the government. The brig Dolphin
and schooner Grampus have been employed during the last
season on the coast of Africa, for the purpose of preventing
such portions of that trade as was said to be prosecuted under
the American flag. After cruizing off those parts of the coast
most usually resorted to by slavers, until the commencement
of the rainy season, these vessels returned to the United
States for supplies, and have since been despatched on a simi-
lar service.
• From the reports of the commanding officers, it appears
that the trade is now principally carried on under Portuguese
colors ; and they express the opinion that the apprehension
of their presence on the slave-coast has, in a great degree,
arrested the prostitution of the American flag to this inhuman
purpose. It is hoped that, by continuing to maintain this
force in that quarter, and by the exertions of the officers in
command, much will be' done to put natop to whatever por-

lion adthlr traffic say harsh:ottani/don swiss ths Aa940144,1
du. Anti provspt its MO lit ntvailp whish, while It violatss

,
OW laws, lb initially an ailtriigt) on NO rigloo of Otllllra find the
feelings pr humanity, The efforts of the several governments
who are anxiously seeking to suppress this traffic must,
however, be directed against the facilities afforded by what
are now 'recognised as legitimate commercial pursuits, be-
fore that object can be fully accomplished.

LIVER THEATRE, CHURCH-

STREET

FIST WEEK of Mrs. WAYLETT and Mr. A. LEE
Mr. and Mrs. RAYMOND.
Mr. A. LEE will preside at the PIANO-FORTE.

PHIS present TUESDAY EVENING, the 12th instant,
and every Evening during the Week, the Entertainments
will commenre. with the drama called
MARY, THE MAID OF THE INN.
Richard.. Mr. Higgie. I Hans Ketzler.. Mr. C. F. Marshall.

Mrs. Waylett

During the Evening, Mrs. WAYLETT will sing the follow-
ing popular Songs, &c.:—" Within a Mile of Edinboro'
Town," " Up, up again, my Greenwood Men," Duet with
Mrs. Barton, " Where the sweet roses bloom," and " When
Nignt Elves Dance."

To which will be added, the Interlude, called
THE NEIGHBOUR'S WIFE.
Obadiah Brittle Mr. Tilbury.
y.... Mr. Higgie. I Simmons.... Mr. C. F. Marshall.
Mr. Aubrey.. Mrs. Raymond-
To conclude with the splendid romantic Drama entitled
PETER WILKINS;
OR, THE FLYING INDIANS!
Peter Wilkins.. Mrs. Waylett.
Jack Adams.. Mr. Tilbury. I Crowquill:. Mr. Higgie.
Phelith O'Scud..
Tickets and Places to be had of Mr. J. FOGG, at the Box-
office, from Eleven to Three.
Boxes, 3s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, 6d.—Second Price, Half-
past Eight : Boxes, 2s. ; Pit, Is. ; no Second Price to the
Gallery.

Aubrey

THOUSANDS OF PERSONS HAVE VISITED
THE
DRUIDICAL ROCK HARMONICON,

No. 15, BOLD-STREET.
THE ONLY INSTRUMENT OF THE KIND IN THE WORLD
J. RICHARDSON, Proprietor.

LIVERPOOL GRAND SUBSCRIPTION CONCERTS.
THEATRE ROYAL.
THE THIRD CONCERT of this Season will take place
THIS EVENING, the 12th instant.
PRINCIPAL PERFORMERS.
Miss WOODYAT, Miss DOLBY, -
Mr. HOBBS, Mr, BLAGROVE, Mr. LINDLEY, Sen.
The Orchestra will be complete in every department.
Leader Mr. HERRMANN.
Piano-forte..
Single Tickets for the Boxes and Circle, 7s. 6d. ; Upper
Boxes, 3s. each ; and for the Gallery, 25.; may be had at the
usual places.
Books of Words may be had at the Theatre Tins DAY.
Box-office open from Eleven till Three.
The doors will be opened at Seven o'clock, and the Concert
will commence at Eight.