The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-07-21 00:00:00

coasting trade, entered inwards was, in r 1845, 61,496
ships, 5.225,932 tonnage. The total in 1846, was 59,124

e clearances ou

ds were
;e ; 1846

Foreign :-1845, '8,228 ships, 1,593,308 tonn
9,714 ships, 1,785,018 tonnage. The clearances coast-
wise were, in 1846, 66,516 ships, 5,393,419 tonn; 1846,
6,451 ships, 5,263,317 tonnage.

OUR EXPORTS OF COTTON GOODS
1845 AND 1846.

We have been favoured with our usual .copy of the ex-
cellent " Commercial Glance," for the six months of the
present year, published by Mr. Burn, of Manchester,
wh:ch, we are sorry to perceive, does not exhibit the ex-
port trade in this district in quite so favourable a position
as it held in the corresponding period of last year. The
falling off will be best shown, by comparing a few of tilt
principal items of the two half years
Under the h

end of " cotton yarns, the gross exports,
816, were 64,159,368 pounds; whilst, in

during the past half year, of 9,467,017. Considering that
this is the least perfected of our manufactures, employing
the least amount of manual labour, this increase is not a
favourable sign of the increased prosperity of the country.
Under each of the items, " cotton thread," " damask and
diapprs," and " cambrics and muslins," a slight decrease
is exhibited; and a slight increase in the insignificant
items, "dimities," and "!awns and lenos." In the im-
portant article of " plain calicoes," there is a decrease
shown of 8,117,111 yards ; the exports being, first six
months of 1845, 300,038,150 yards ; and, first six months
of 1846, 291,921,039. There is a much larger, and more
important decrease, in the article, " printed and dyed
calicoes, amounting to 25,251,365 yards ; the total ex-
ports under this head being, in first six months, 1845,
153,338,502 yards ; and, in same period this year,
128,087,137 yards. The decrease is. therefore, a sixth of
the whole trade. There is a large decrease, also, under
the several heads of " hosiery," " shawls and handker-
chiefs," " lace," " tapes," and '• unennmerated cotton
goods," and a trifling increase in ticks. On the whole,
the falling off is considerable.

In examining the countries whose trade with ni has
fluctuated during the last six months, we shall confine our
observations to the two main articles of plain calicoes,
and printed and dyed calicoes. Of the first of these
articles, we find that, to the Brazils, the increase this
half year has been, in round numbers, six million yards ;
whilst, to Buenos Ayres, Monte Video, &c., there has
been a decrease of 3,200,000 yards. Our trade to British
North America has fallen off from 8,872,626 yat ds, in the
half year 1845, to 7,483,318, in 1846. To Chili and Peru,
there is an increase of over 2,000,000 yards; Gibraltar
has fallen off 4,000,000 yards, or nearly half its trade ;
Portugal and Madeira, on the other hand, have increased
5,000,000 yards, which is half of their last years imports.
To India, in 1845, our exports were 71,213,321 yards ;
this year it has been 85,200,555, or an increase of nearly
14,000,000 yards. China, on the other hand, took from
us last year, 66,647,343 yards; against 42,659,601 this
year, showing a falling off of more than a third. To the
United States there has been a decrease of 2,600,000
yards. To other countries enumerated, the fluctuation is
not material.

In printed cilicoes, we have again the singular feature
of an increase of nearly 4,000,000 yards exported to
Brazil ; and a decrease of above 3,000,000 yards to Buenos
Ayres, Monte Video, &c. We are not at all aware how
this can occur. The two markets are bracketed together,
from which a suspicion may arise, that the difference has
been caused by some change of the customs regulations as
to the entries. British North America has decreased her
purchases about one-tenth ; Chili and Peru has decreased
from 12,873,751 yards, in 1845, to 7,109,229 yards, in
1846 ; Colombia took 3,703,585 yards, in 1845, and only
1,514:410 in 1846. To Gibraltar, there is a falling off of
1,400,000 yards ; to India, of 3,600 000 yards ; China,
300,000 yards. Naples and Sicily have increased nearly
1,000,000 yards; the Hanse Towns have fallen off
3,400,000 yards ; Portugal, Madeira, &c., have increased
1.500.000 yards; Sardinia and Tuscany decreased
1,700,000 yards; Turkey and the Levant over 5,000,000
yards; and the United States about 500,C00 yards. To
other countries the variation is not striking.
To afford an idea of the profits of manufacturers and
spinners, we have given the following as the prices of
40 in. 60 shirtings on the Ist of the month in the two half
years, viz.—ln 1845: January, 9a. 6d., February, 9s. 6d.,
March, 9s. 3d., A pril, 9s 3d., May, 9s. lid , June, 9s. lad.,
July, 9s. lid. In 1846: January, Bs. 6d., February,
Bs. 6d., March, Ba. 40., April, Bs. 3d., May, Bs. 3d.,
June, Bs. lid., July, Bs. lid., being an average reduction
of a shiling a piece, or more than ten per cent. in the lat-
ter half year. The price of yarns, of the ordinary num-
bers, have undergone a similar decline. The prices of cot-
ton appear, however. to have' ruled higher during this
than the correfponding period of the last year. The trade,
therefore, whilst it may have been remunerating for the
manufacturer, has been against the spinners. The quan-
tity spun during the first half year, 1845, was 760,135
bags; same period in 1846, 677,860—decrease, 82,275
bags. The weekly average of 1845 was 29,235 ;of 1846, it
was 26,071—weekly decrease, 3,164 bales.

PUBLIC INCOME AND EXPENDITURE
the balance-sheet of the public income

—On Saturday

nd expenditure

balances in the Exchequer on the sth of July, 1b45, were
£6,641,519 Is. 101 d., and on the sth of July last they
amounted to £7,351,788 15s. 9id.

THE PROTECTIONIST AND THE SUGAR QUESTION.
—The Times, of yesterday, states confidently that the
protectionists intend to offer a strenuous opposition to the
government proposition to equalize the duties on British
Colonial and Foreign Slave-grown Sugar. Our contem-
porary adds, '• Rumour points out Mr. Gladstone as the
leader whom they have what they consider the good for-

tune to secure, and whom they think no very

ambition to design for that splendid but difficult post
which a Peel, and after him a Russell, had just before

bdicated.'•' It is, however; very easy to'invent rumours

and we suspect this of the Times is aninventi

COMMERCIAL VALUE OF INSECTS.-'

portanc

insects, commercially speakin,
Great Britain does not pay le

han 1,000,000 of
ses of the tiny insect.

Ily for the dried c

( ; and another Indian insect, gum
less valuable. More than 1,500,000 of hu

rive their s

le support from the culture and menu

of silk; and the silk worm atone creates an annual circu-
lating medium of nearly 200,000,000 of dollars; 500,000
of dollars is annually spent in England alone for foreign
honey, at least 10,000 cwt. of wax is imported into that
country every year. Tien there are the gall-nuts of corn-
tneree, used for dyeing and making ink, &c., while the

'll materia medicti.—Bosidy; Transci ipt

ROYAL AGRICULTURAL. SOCIETY. —The meeting of
this society closed on Friday. During the week upwards
cf £2,000 was received as entrance money to the cattle
and implement yard. At the sale by auction after the
show, seven short-horned bulls, calved before the Ist of
January, 1844, were sold for £172 155., being an average
of about £24 13s. each. Nine calved since that period
were sold for £263 lls., averaging £29 ss. 9d. each.
Three in each class were bought in. The highest price
obtained in the first class was £37 165., for a bull three
years and two months old, belonging to Lord Hastings,
by whom it was bred. The lowest price was 20 guineas
for a bull three years and six months old. The highest
price obtained in the second class was £56 14s for a bull
two years and 23 weeks old, belonging to Mr. Joseph
Atkinson, of Embleton, near Alnwick ; the lowest price
13 guineas for a bull one year and one month old. Four
short-horned cows, in milk, were sold for £l2l 10s.,
£3O is. 6d. each. One in-calf, heifer, was sold

averaging

for 25 guineas, and another for 24 guineas. Four year-
ling heifers were sold for £B4, averaging £2l each. A
cart stallion. six years old, was sold for £lO5. One
seven years old was sold•for £B5 15s. ; and a two years

belonging to Mr. Abraham, of Barnet-by-le-wold, n
Brim sold for 7 guineas; one 15 months old, belong
to Mr. Angas, of Keswick, brought the same sum. IN
_ _

8 guineas

9 guineas respectively
. Two Leicester sh

guineas el
15 guineas e
from 5 guin,

The Southdown shemliiig ram

n show will be held nt Mr. Nev

tad wet, 1
,nd havir

progres

not submit to a ilk

Tn, Whit

SMITHFIELD CATTLE MARKET

YESTERDAY

the Beef trade

The numbers of Sheep were again zomewhat extensive; yet
the Mutton trade Was steady, at fully last week's currencies;
For Lambs the inquiry was very dull, and the prices suffered
dorlina of

doing at barely late 'rates. Th
altered quotations.

'ork trade was dull un

THE OREGON QUESTION

The folloiving are the articles of treaty between Her
Majesty and the United States of America, for the settle-
ment of the Oregon boundary, as signed at Washington,
June 15, 1846, by the Right Hon. Richard Pakenham,
Her Majesty's Plenipotentiary to the United States, and
James Buchanan, Secretary of State to the United
States :

"Art. 1. From the point on the 40th parallel of north
latitude, where the boundary laid down in existing trea-
ties and conventions between Great Britain and the
United States terminates, the line of boundary between
the territories of Her Britannic Majesty and those of the
United States shall be continued westward along the said
49th parallel of north latitude to middle of the channel
which separates the continent from Vancouver's Island
and thence southerly, through the middle of the
channel, and of Fuca's Straits, to the Pacific Ocean, pro-
vided, however, that the navigation of the whole of the
said channel and straits, south of the 49th parallel of
north latitude, remain free and open to both parties.
" Art. 2. From the point at which the 49th parallel of
north latitude shall be found to intersect the great north-
ern branch of the Columbia river, the navigation of the
said branch shall he free and open to the Hudson's-bay
Company, and to all British subjects trading with the
same, to the point where the said branch meets the main
stream of the Columbia, and thence down the said main
stream to the ocean, with free access into and through
the said river or rivers, it being understood that all the
usual
b e portagesreeand op
along then.
the line thus described shall in like
manner

" In navigating the said river or rivers, British sub-
jects, with their goods and produce, shall be treated on
the same footing as citizens of the United States; it be-
ing, however, always understood that nothing in this ar-
ticle shall be construed as preventing, or intended to pre-
vent, the Government of the United States from making
any regulations respecting the navigation of the said river
or rivers, not inconsistent with the present treaty.
" Art. 3. In the future appropriation of the territory
south of the 49th parallel of north latitude, as provided in
the first article of this treaty, the possessory rights of the
Hudson Bay Company, and of all British subjects who
may be already in the occupation of land or other property
lawfully acquired within the said territory shall be res-
pected.

" Art. 4. The farms, lands, and other property of every
description, belonging to the Puget's Sound Agricultural
Company, on the north side of the Columbia river, shall
be confirmed to the said company. In case, however,
the situation of those farms and lands should be consi-
dered by the United States to be of public and political
importance, and the United States' Government should
States,Bas inriyg,n i u
tax part
y anrt
Britannic
syac thereof,
d e
Majesty,
ire to
the
oebptarionpeprotyssseossrieognuiorfedt the
shall
ele or of
trans-
ferredd
to the said. Government at a proper valuation, to
be agreed upon between the parties.
.aT
dj ew with
present
andt h e
advice
bt
yr talti yea
npshall i bse
consent
t ratified
f tthhee
Tbyn
Senateherte
thereof; and the ratifications shall be exchanged at
London at the expiration of six months from the date
hereof, or sooner if possible.