The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-12-13 00:00:00

six months' im

3risonment in aggr

cation scheme is also being skeletonised, which, it is
determined, to some extent at least, shall be carried; in
short, the auestinn is nn+4.n%. 5t11.44,"41 4."

•••v..cu vt, 5 v u.y 411 G Will
another year. The do-nothing system in this important
regard has told wofully during the last three years.
Baron ALDERSON, a sound and long-headed judge, who
hates horse-racing as much as Baron MARTIN, his brother
on the bench, may like it, has spoken out touching
strikes, the evil operation of which, and their periodical
occurrence, he attributes entirely to ignorance—want of
t4ncation. Depend on it, you will have an instalment,
uotwithstanding the heartburning and bickering ofApsLET
13z1.LA•rx ard others. There is another little bill on the Pis, which will be found most salutary in more counties
`gland than Essex ; a resolution, clause, or what you
intubuis. to be introduced, forbidding all money-payments
it may societies. These are improvements, small ones
I hrdateikoMo ut they point in a right direction. I need
g"nof_,. to state that Lord PALMERSTON aids them
Capacity of Home Secretary. These are only
The prctit,_ill ooze out by and by.
toners in the Insolvent Court cannot under-

stand why the newspapers have not published for a long,
time past the list of London insolvents. We have a few
provincials —so- and-so,retail dealer, Lancashire—so-and-so,
wheelwright, Cheshire—to the number, it may be, of five
or six. Now the practitioners aforesaid argue that the
publication of the names and addresses of country insol-
vents signifies nothing ; not one of the London insolvents,
and they average twice a week a good round number, are
ever published. The question is a curious one ; who will

)end upon it, there is much cant in the • old asinine
'bout march of intellect and so forth. I am not in
gossiping lines to trouble you much by inquiring if

t has marched at all; with great humility, I
fancy its progress is much the same as from the begin-
ning, though we of the present day may be better workers-
out of it—succeed better in the development than those
who preceded us. No one can doubt, if he be at all
acquainted with the res geshe of the metropolis, that, day
by day, great improvements in the manners, habits, and
education of the masses are taking place. The last just
published report of JOHN &mow, the city of London offi-
cer of health, entirely vindicates this assertion ;—though
therein the philanthropist—the thinking man, can see at a
perusal that we are only beginning to begin improve-
ments ! " Dwellings for the Poor," par exemple : for
many a long year the poor of London have not been worse
housed than they are at present, and this consequent on on_

the street improvements, now being carried on, and of
which so much is heard. What are three or four clumps
of model lodging-houses among so many ? But this sore
grievance—this want will, in a brief period, be reme-
died, if the onward " march" of improvement,—not
Intellect,—be not retarded. One almost regrets that
HENRY MAYHEW,—grave and acute,---I mean no play
on the terms—has stopped his labours in the nooks, the
crannies, the courts, and blind alleys of London, searching
out, and holding up, to the noonday blaze, the " annals of
the poor." HENRY MAYHEW has gone to Paris, where
he now prosecutes a similar inquiry to that which was
received with so much interest, a year or two ago, as re-
gards the metropolis. In Paris, MAYHEW will have verge
enough, and he will there be able to publish statistics of
immorality, which here we can only obliquely refer to. A
prophet has no honour in his own country ; certainly the
mere literary drudge has none in London. circles. They
manage these things better in France; and HENRY
MAYHEW, whose highest eminence in London was to pre-
side over a meeting of poor tailors and other handicrafts-
men, is now—a lion in the French capital. Be it so. To
what are these remarks pertinent ? Verily, as Shylock
says, to flesh of beefs and muttons, and eke the shrill and
haughty sons, and chucking daughters of "bright chanti-
cleer." Nearly at the extreme west, slightly north, there
is a huge building, in which, for some years past, at
this period, huge oxen, sheep, and pigs, are exhibited,
well known as the Smithfield Club Cattle Show. Nay,
laugh not in your sleeve; from the stock of the Prince
Consort, to that of the unsophisticated farmer, who
makes the bovine breed his daily study, some pet pro-
mising to " lard the lean earth" is selected to be
made a show of in the locality I have indicated. And
why not ? Some years since this show was a great evil
under the skylights of the exhibition. Plethoric crea-
tures, how I then pitied your dumb emotion ! Your large
blue eyes "beaming intelligence"—and sorrow—else why
those tears which trickled down the hirsute cheek ? Fat !
Unmitigated pressure of fat ! The sheep were still worse ;
they could not stand it at all. Their respiration was
frightful ! Our porcine friends—" to the manner born,"
lay in their own fat, in shape like hedgehogs, a little snub
nose just peeping out rudimentary-like, and eyes one could
hardly detect. All was fat—fat—fat ! reminding one of
MicsuLEN's smart, but somewhat illnatured remark, that
prize sheep (or prize pigs ?) were only fit for candles, and
prize essays to light them. The show this week testifies
unmistakingly to the proud march of improvement, and
there is no cant" here. I never saw such creatures in
my. life : they looked as if they belonged to another age
and country—no wheezing—at least the animals were too
well bred to show it, if cause existed. Then their sym-
metry—mostly all perfect in this respect ; the oxen espe-
cially ; that grand ridge—the backbone, ran along from
between the shoulders to the tail as straight as an arrow ;
this, I was told, is the key-stone (allow the phrase) of
bovine beauty of structure. The sheep were marvels, and
such loads of wool ! Could it not be grown finer, my
Lord Duke of RICHMOND, president ? I heard a sigh
more than once, as I perceived the grateful words, "fed
on milk and barley meal." " Land of Canaan !" I ex-
claimed—" what sort of milk ? and what sort of meal ?"
" The best of both," answered a ruddy hind in fustian,
who tended some of the pens. " The milk skimmed, of
course ?" " I should think not ;"—" the meal must have
been seconds ?" the answer was, " not a bit of it." I
was mute, and, in sorrow, thought of workhouse gruel—
Tom Hoon—lean people and fat pigs.
A cheap omnibus ride across the metropolis and the
visitor, in a brief space, is conveyed from oue show to
another, viz., the great winter show of poultry, exhibited
in a gigantic new building, called the- Great Central Horse
and Carriage Repository, St. George's-road, Newington.
The birds are of all sorts of poultry, some of them very
curious-looking creatures ; and I was not at all displeased
to notice that the fancy for the Cochin-China species has
exhausted itself,—they were nearly left unheeded : not so
their eggs ; as they were discovered, rem acu tegisti was
the command ; the officer in attendance with a needle
punctured the new-laid egg ; this was to render incubation
abortive. They certainly are wonderful eggs, containing
nearly double the quantity of the common hen's egg,
though much smaller. Apparently, some of the specimens
were " ticketted" £lOO in price, and great numbers at £26
and upwards,—the large price being affixed to an East
Indian species,, called Bramahpootar. .

Several weeks since it was announced in the leading
London newspapers that GEORGE HUDSON'S gigantic
house, adjoining Albert-gate, in Hyde-park, had been
taken for permanent residence by Count WALEwsict; the
French ambassador, at an annual rental of £l,BOO. The
comparative largeness of the sum threw an air of discredit
over the widely-circulated rumour, and although neither
GEORGE HUDSON nor any of his family have been seen
for many weeks at their west-end palace, it was still con-
sidered highly improbable that Lours NAPOLEON'S repre-
sentative at the Court of HER BRITANNIC MAJESTY
would burthen himself with the responsibility of an outlay
for house-room, exceeding by at least three hundred per
cent. that which, for a series of years—since his arrival,
indeed, in this country—he has been in the habit of ex-
pending. The fact, however, is quite in accordance with
the rumour. During the last four or five days, Count
WALEWSICI'S family, together with the principal mem-
bers of the French embassy, have removed from Grosvenor-
square to Albert-gate, and all the peculiar characteristics
of GEORGE HUDSON'S establishment have ceased to
exist. Count WALEWSRI, however, is not the present
proprietor of this gorgeous mansion. The' transfer
of the lease, furniture, fittings, &c., it is true have
been made to him, but the French Government have
undertaken the liability of the rent. It is said that
Louis NAPOLEON himself selected GEORGE HUDSON'S
house for the future res'dence of the French embassy : and
I believe there is no doubt he has given directions that
apartments should be specially fitted up for his own use,
in the event of that visit to England which he and the
fair Empress are determined, with LORD PALMERSTON'S
assistance, and despite Lorin ABERDEEN'S protestations,
upon performing. Indeed, the inhabitants of Hyde
Park terrace speak of GEORGE HUDSON'S mansion as the
" Emperor's house," and they fully calculate that he will
be among them, whether for good or evil, before the
anniversary of the opening of the Crystal Palace comes
round.

Letters have been received from CARDINAL WISEMAN
himself, within the last few days, intimating his inten-
tion of returning to England by the first week in January.
Apropos of VICTOR Huao, whose name I have men-
tioned above. He forms at present the nucleus of French
and other exiles in Jersey, where they have safety, good
air, tolerably good, and certainly cheap brandy, with most
tolerable tobacco for cigarettes, all necessaries to the unfor-
tunate people. I make use of the term unfortunate with-
out reference to political feelings or views. In the me-
tropolis, as well as in Jersey, their number is "Legion,"—

their hatred of the present Ruler of France continues
illimitable, breaking out frequently in fury. At the pre-
sent juncture their glee is unbounded ; they fancy they
see in the crisis—to them most cheering —that the end of
the Bonaparte dynasty " looms in the future." Revolu-
tion ! Revolution ! they toast in drops of water and sugar—
all they have. The burning language of the author re-
ferred to is cited, repeated with ardour, echoed and re-
echoed in the French and Italian coteries in the neigh-
bourhood of Leicester-square and Regent-street. " The
Rhine, the Tiber, the Vistula, and the Seine have trembled
with the shock." Thus they speak as they sit over their
tedious and trifling game—gameless—of dominos, the
livelong and otherwise unoccupied night.
For us English there are haply other entertainments.
Instead of Revolution, Pantomime is the word at this
season, and we are promised largely, but as usual, mum's
the word, as to plot, spectacle, or trick. This has been
the old characteristic of all the Metropolitan managers ;
they rehearse their pantomimes, as Lord Joint Russzia,
for many years dealt out " Reform," bit by bit. Half a
trick is only rehearsed at a time; thetitle of a pantomime
is never mentioned until a night or two before it is pro-
duced ;—masks most mystical, if not classically mytho-
logical, are being moulded in the big room above
the ceiling. During the week several novelties have
been produced with a certain degree of success.
CELESTE appeared in a capital character at the
Adelphi; and BUCKSTONE is doing well at the Haymarket,
probably WIGAN is doing better at the Olympic.
The houses have all been filled, especially with fog every
, night. Why is this profitless visiter not pumped out ?"
The monopolyloguists, or single entertainmentpeople, seem
to be doing well ! Their expensesare small, though their
work is hard.

A SrLvEu MEDAL, made by Mr. Mayer, of Lord-street,
was the other day presented by Captain (Ireig, in the pre-
sence of a large number of the force, to police-officer
Richard Tomlinson, in the name of the inhabitants of
Bangor, who had subscribed for it as a token of their ap-
preciation of the mode in which he had performed the
duties of an appointment at Bangor for upwards of two
years, but which he has recently resigned to rejoin the

Liverpool force.
LIFE AT ROME.—A correspondent, dating 28th Nov.,
says :—The last three Sundays here have had each its own
attractions, the two former in the shape of the beatifica-
tion of two saints, and the latter (after the ascent of a
balloon, which attracted an immense crowd of all classes

of Romans) a sermon preached by Cardinal Wiseman in
the Church of St. Andrea delle Frati, near the Propaganda.
Among other topics, his Eminence congratulated the

Romanists on the schisms among the various dissenting
bodies in England, and especially on the difference of
opinion in the Church of England on the subject of bap-
tismal regeneration, which he considered betokened the
speedy dissolution of that establishment, adding, that more
converts had been made to the Roman Church in England
during the last ten years than in 300 previously. He
then enlarged on its immutability, and the delight he
experienced on returning to Rome after an absence of ten
years, during which time the whole world had been shaken
by revolutions, but without any effect or alteration being
produced here ; forgetting tting the presence of a French gar-
rison, without which Pio Nono would probably have re-
mained the guest of the King of Naples, and to whose
bayonets the Roman religion owes its present existence,
even in its own capital. He concluded by drawing a
parallel between the incredulity of the Greek sceptics in
the rites of the Jewish, and that of the Protestants in the
ceremonies of the Roman religion, and said, that however
strangers might despise and misunderstand them, the
..rest Romanist fully comprehended their meaning and
uty.

PRODUCE.—The markets have been steadyduring
the week, without any important change in prices.
Sugar has been firm, but Tea and Rice are not
quite so easy of sale. To-DAY the business in
Sugar, including the sales of Saturday, comprise
220 hhds., Barbadoes at 325. 6d. to 375. 3d., 1500
bags Benares at 345. 6d. to 38s. 9d., with 150 bags
Madras at 375. to the grocers, and 140 hhds.
Jamaica at 325. 9d. to 355., with 1,000 bags brown
Bengal at 31s. to 31s. 6d. per cwt. to the refiners.
Nothing is reported in Molasses, and only a small
parcel of Demerara Rum at previous rates. Of
Coffee, 120 bags low Rio have been sold at 415.,
and 100 bags Java at 525. per cwt. There is a
better feeling springing up for Tea, and since
Saturday evening between two and three thousand
chests of common to good common Congou have
been sold at ls. 3d. per lb. The market is now
nearly clear under ls. 31d. per lb. There has been
rather more doing in Rice ; 5000 bags Arracan
were disposed of on Saturday, at 13s. 3d.,
and 1,000 bags to-day, at 13s. 6d. per cwt. 500
bags Bombay Linseed have realised 555. per qr.
WooL.—We have again experienced an active
demand this week, and considerable sales have
been made at about previous current rates: the
same healthy features still continue to characterise
the market, and unless something turn up to
check confidence, we still expect to see more
doing at the turn of the year. Imports for this
week very light,
Lim—There has been very little done in Scotch
Pig Iron during the past week, and the quotations

remain unaltered from our last, viz., 78s. 6d. to 795.
cash. Upon the publication of Messrs. M`Connall
and Co.'s annual circular showing the stock, we
may expect to see our anticipations realized, for in
our opinion it will prove to be much larger than is
generally expected ; we have no doubt it will be at
least 300,000 tons, and we base our statement upon
the following calculation, viz. :—Stock, 31st De-
cember, 1852, 450,000 tons ; the make, this year,
taking into account the inducement—the high
prices held out—will certainly not be under 800,000
tons, which, added to the stock, will show 1,250,000
tons. From this we must deduct 570,000, the
probable amount of this year's exports from the
Clyde, and 300,000 for Scotch consumption, (which
are outside figures) in all 870,000 tons, leaving a
stock of 380,000 tons. In manufactured Iron a
brisk business is doing. Tin Plates have advanced
ls. to is. 6d. per box.

TFAVE.RT.REE COMMISSIONERS OF
HEALTH,

Tirn monthly meeting of the board was held last night,
at the Court-house, Chaffers, Esq., in the chair ; and
amongst those present were Messrs. Murray, Hill, Bowers,
Davis, Whitham, Gore, and Rishton.

It was agreed that a lamp should be erected in San-
down-park, adjoining Mr. Tyrer's house.
A memorial was read from the inhabitants of Olive-
lane, signed by Mr. Hugh Hornby and others, praying
that the approaches might be put in proper repair.
Mr. DAVIS said that there was some dispute as to the
road in Rose-lane, and though he was himself interested
in the question, he was always averse to their doing any-
thing until the question was settled.

The CLERK said that Rose-lane was in the township,
but they had only control over the owners of land on one
side of it.

Mr. RISHTON remarked that all that was required by
the memorialists was that the Board should put the law in
force to compel those to do the work who were liable for
the same. It was an interesting question to know who
were liable, as at least four-fifths of the owners of the
land were represented in the memorial. It was often the
case that some parties cared little for the condition of the
road, while others had no other approach to their houses.
He moved that the Law Clerk be instructed to take the
necessary steps to compel the parties who are liable to
put the road into a proper state of repair, according to the
Act of Parliament.

Mr. DAVIS said he thought that the ratepayers had a
right to the road being repaired.
Mr. HILL seconded the motion, which was carried una-
nimously.

At the suggestion of the CHAIRMAN, it was agreed that
four months should be allowed for putting the road in
repair.

HELL said that many of the shopkeepers in the
road through the village complained of the want of cross-
ings, owing to the works for the new sewer.

GoiE said there were two crossings, which was as
much as could be expected while the works were in pro-
gress.
It was suggested that Mr. Young, the surveyor, had
better report on the subject, and after some conversation
it was allowed to drop.
The report of the surveyor, Mr. Young, contained a
letter from Mrs. Stubbs, complaining of the nuisance
arising from Mr. Ashcroft's pigs, which were fed with bad
potatoes ; also from Mr. Thompson, complaining of water
in his cellar, owing to the cessation of pumping from the
cuttings for the sewer. It was the fault of the contractor,
and if not done by him, the surveyor might do the work at
the contractor's expense. The surveyor also reported tnit
the contractor for the sewer was blasting rock in Cow-
lane, and the Chairman called his attention to the covenant
by which the contractor was bound to make good any
removal of rock beyond that required for the passage of
the sewer.

The CLBuic said that a meeting of the inhabitants was
held at the Lamb Inn, on the 23d of last month, to con-
sider the necessity of providing a public cemetery ; and
a committee was appointed to obtain the necessary infor-
mation, to confer with Dr. Sutherland on the proposed
closing of Childwall churchyard, and to report to a meet-
ing to be held at the Lamb Inn, on the 23d of this month.
This committee had prepared a report, which was read by
the clerk.

The CHAIRMAN said it rested now for this board to
make a report.

Mr. Dews said it was a matter of great importance
that some means should be taken, if possible, to obtain
land for a cemetery, as on the closing of Childwall church-
yard great inconvenience would be occasioned.

TheCKAIRmAN said that the four townships of Child-
wall, Wavertree, Allerton, and Garstou, were in the same
position, and might join in providing a cemetery for the
four. He suggested that the overseers should be written
to to meet a deputation from this board.
After some discussion, it was agreed that the represen-
tatives of the three other townships should be invited to
meet this board on Monday next, to confer on the subject.
At the suggestion of Mr. DAVIS, it was agreed that Wool-
ton should be included in the invitation.

The board then adjourned to Monday next, at five
o'clock.

INQUESTS YESTERDAY.

Tun following inquests were held, yesterday, before P.
F. Curry, Req., coroner the body of Helen Roberts,
a child of three months old, illegitimate daughter of He-
len Roberts, who resides as a servant in Queen Anne-
street. The mother stated that she had placed the infant
out to nurse with Mary Gow, wife of Gow, boots at a
hotel in Dale-street ; that she was in the habit of seeing
the child every night. Witness paid 4s. a week for the
maintenance of the child.—Mrs. Gow said she had re-
ceived the infant to nurse, and, for the purpose of attend-
ing to it, weaned her own child, which was a little older.
She was induced to do this for the purpose of aiding in
bringing up her family, as her husband was occasionally
out of work. On Saturday night she took the child with
her to bed as usual, laid it on her bosom, and fell asleep.
When she awoke in the morning she found the child still in
the same position, but quite dead. The jury returned a
verdict that deceased had "died by being accidentally
overlain." The Coroner admonished Mrs. Gow as to the
extreme danger of allowing an infant to be so placed while
the nurse went to sleep, stating that, in such a case, the
slightest motion on the part of the nursewas likely to
result, as in the present case, in the death of the child.
On the body of John Costigan, aged two months. De-
ceased was the illegitimate son of Ann Costigan, and was
born in the workhouse • he resided along with witness in
the lodging-house of Alice Grundy, in No. 1 Court, Shaw-
hill-street. On Friday night last witness was much in-
toxicated, and went to bed about eleven o'clock, taking
decease with her. She gave the child the breast at the
time, and fell asleep. In about half an hour the child
awoke witness with its screams, when she again gave it
the breast, and being heavy with drink, fell asleep. On
awaking at daylight she found the child quite dead. In
the room in which she slept there were three beds, one of
which was occupied by a man and a woman ; one by two
unmarried men, and the third by witness and the child.
Alice Grundy corroborated the general statements of the
preceding witness. She is landlady of the house, which is
not a licensed lodging-house. She takes in lodgers at three-
pence each per night, but does not take in men and women
indiscriminately. There are three beds in the apartment
occupied by the preceding witness,'and it is tenanted, as
she described it. Witness has kept the house for twenty-
four years. She never had applied to have a license for
it. The coroner's constable stated the house kept by
Grundy to be one of a very bad character, and gave inti-
mation as to the very promiscuous kind of lodgers by
which it was frequented. The Coroner directed the at-
tention of the Lodging-house Inspector to this den, as one
deserving of immediate surveillance. It was not licensed,
and, from the statements made, there could be but little
doubt as to the character which it deserved. He then
adverted, briefly, to the facts narrated, commenting on the
disgraceful statement of the first witness, that she was
much intoxicated at the time of going to bed ; and was
"heavy with drink" when she last saw her child alive.
Under the circumstances, he thought the jury had
better return = citAn verdict that the deceased had "died
by suffocation," which they accordingly did.
On the body of a newly-born infant, which had
been found in Disby-street. Thomas Cosgrove is a lad who
works with his uncle, a chairmaker, in Disley-street, off
Gloucester-street. On Saturday last, as he was going down
the shop ladder, be found the dead body of a female infant
thrust between the steps under the ladder. He gave
intimation of the fact to a policeman, and the body was
conveyed to the dead-house. Mr. George Kemp, surgeon,
made a post mortem examination of the body, and stated
that the child was a full-grown female infant, and had
been born alive. Its death was caused by exposure to the
cold. In this case the jury returned a verdict of " Wilful
murder against some person or persons unknown."
The Coroner, before dismissing the jury, took the oppor-
tunity of remarking on the frequent and melancholy con-
nexion between violent or unnatural deaths, and drink.
In one, at least, of the instances they had been inquiring
into, its connexion with drink was obvious. As they had
been unable to say who the unnatural mother was
in the last case, there was some difficulty in stating
whether in that instance drink had led to the crime or not,
but he did not think it was an undue latitude in him to
assume that before a woman could be so abandoned as so
far to forget the natural instincts and feelings of a mother,
she must have been addicted to such stimulants to excite-
ment as drink. He might, he said, be permitted to remark
that a good many years ago he had been applied to by
Colonel Williams, a great advocate for the promotion of
temperance among the working classes, to ascertain from
him (the coroner) the number of deaths into which in-
quiry had been made, and which had been directly or in-
directly connected with drinking. On making the neces-
sary investigation, he had ascertained that the number at
that time on which he had been engaged was about one in
fifty. He had no doubt he should startle them by what
his experience now warranted him in saying : his belief
was, that of the inquests he was now called to preside
over, the number of deaths connected directly or indirectly
with drink, would amount to one in seven. Drinking,
he observed, produced carelessness of consequences as well
as depraved habits, and these contributed in no small
degree to occasion deaths under circumstances demanding
inquirY.

INQUESTS.—There were two inquisitions before the
Borough coroner on Saturday. One on the body of Anu
Berry, aged seventy-nine, whose husband lives in Tynwald..
street. On the previous Saturday she fell down stairs, and
sustained injuries which caused her death on Wednesday.
The other was on the body of Bridget Callaghan, aged
sixty, living with her son-in-law in No. 10 Court, Dryden-
street.. She had for some time been troubled! with a
distressing cough. On Thursday, while coughing, she
burst a blood-vessel, Which caused almost instantaneous
death.
TEARS AND LAUGHTER.—God made both tears and
laughter, and both for kind purposes ; for as laughter
enables mirth and surprise to breathe freely, so tears
enable sorrow to vent itself patiently. Tears hinder
sorrow from becoming despair and madness ; and laughter
is one of the very privileges of reason, being confined to
the human speciee.—Leigh Hunt.

Yesterday evening, the anniversary meeting of the Society
for Irish Church Missions to the Roman Catholics, was held
at the Collegiate Institution. There was a considerable at-
tendance. As announced, Thomas Berry Horsfall, Esq.,
M.P., occupied the chair; and the deputation consisted of the
Rev. A. Dallas ; the Rev. D. R. Bickersteth (hon. see. t.) the

's missionary in

of the associatiou

society); the Rev. C. F. M`Carthy, the so(
Dublin ; and the Rev. J. A. Coghlan, or
clmongst the other gentlemen. on the platform
we observed—the Revs. W. Rawson, F. Barker, F. Ould, F.
Parry, C. Hamilton, 1). Barry, G. Gabriel, W. H. Duck, F.
Power, S. Minton, D. Anderson, H. Hampton, C. P. Hobbs
W. Jolley, W. H. Wright, J. Bardsley, J. Crump, 0. Powell;
Messrs. W. Jones, E. Jones, J. Forsyth, H. J. Webster, and
J. K. Rounthwaite.

secretaries

The meeting having been opened by prayer,
The CHAIRMAN, who was applanded an rising, spoke as

Ladies and Gentlemen,—Although I should have been glad
had some other friend of the society been selected to take the
chair this evening, yet I can truly say, that it is with very
sincere pleasure that I lend my feeble aid in any way to pro-
mote the success of the Irish Church Missions—(applause)—
for I am convinced that those who know anything of Ireland,
and the character of the Irish people, must feel satisfied that
this society is admirably adapted to the wants and require-
ments cf that country. I shall not, in the presence of the
deputation—gentlemen who have attended here this evening
very kindly to state the operations of the society—venture to
trespass upon your attention beyond a single remark or two.
The object of this society is, as most of you know,
to pr)pagate Scriptural • truth throughout Ireland,—
Scriptural truth in opposition to Romish error. (Hear,
hear.) And in the accomplishment of t..is object, this
Society employs between 500 and 600 agents. consisting of
62 ordained missionaries, 23 lay agents, 314 of that valuable
class of men, Scripture readers, 81 schoolmasters, and 64
schoolmistresses, all of whom are engaged in their respectice
spheres in promoting and teaching Scriptural troth in the
different parts of Ireland. They go forth in Christian charity
towards all men, at the same time they go forth with
Christian faithfulness to uphold the truth, and oppose error.
(Applause.) They go forth with the Word of God in their
hands, and they do not ask the people of Ireland to believe
what they say, noon their own mere assertion, but they ask
them to take the Word of God and judge for themselves.
The same rule that they apply to their owe' teaching
they apply to the teaching of the priests of Rome, and they
say to the people, with the Word of God in their hands, " To
the law and to the testimony; if they speak not according to
this Word, it is because there is no life in them." With such
a society, with such objects as it has in view, and with such
zealous agents, we must not think that the society will alto-
' gether escape opposition.—(Hear, hear.) But when that
opposition arises or comes fl oni those who propagate error,
the agents of this society are but too ready to meet them
in a fair and friendly spirit and discussion, never doubting
and never fearing the result of such discussion.—(Applause.)
But latterly there is another and a very extraordinary cha-
racter of opposition arisen towards this society. Some of
you may have seen in the papers, as I have seen, some ac-
counts of this. The police of Dublin, forsooth! are employed
to take down the placards of this society,—nay, more than
this, one of the agents of this society was the other day taken
into custody, and for what ? Because he ventured to place in
the hand of a lady a placard of which I have a copy in my
hand, certainly with nothingoffensive or very objectionable in
it ; he was taken into custody, and brought before the stipen-
diary magistrate on a charge by a Mr.O'Brennan, tried before
a Mr. O'Callaghan—(laughter)—upon what ?—a charge of
constructive assault. Upon constructive assault, consisting in
politely passing into the hands of a lady while ehe as
politely took a handbill, similar to the one I have now in my
hand. Well, I am happy to see by the papers, also one of our
rev. friends here accompanied a deputation to Lord Palmer-
ston to represent these facts to his lordship, and I read with
great pleasure the clear and admirable statement of our
friend Mr. Bickersteth—(applause);—and I read Lord Pal-
merstcn's reply, and I have no doubt, unless I much mistake
the character of his lordship, he will have a full and ample
inquiry into the subject, and ample justice will be done to all
parties. (Applause.) But we must go a little further than
this. We must let the people of Ireland know, and we must
let the agents of this society know, that they will be
supported by the Protestants of England. (Cheers.) We
must tell this Colonel Brown, the chief of the police in
Dublin. and we must tell this Mr. O'Brennan, and we must
tell this Mr. O'Callaghan—(laughter)—that if they wish to
enforce such law, the sooner they get to the territories of the
Grand Duke of Tuscany the better. (Loud applause.) Before
I sit down, I would only desire to make one observation,
arising oat of a note which I received from a valued friend of
mine this morning, in which lie states he believes some mis-
apprehension exists in the minds of many that may be
friendly to this society. They are under the belief that the
society may lay itself open to the charge of inducing people
to change their religion for the sake of the fond which
may be given away in some of the schools connected with
the society. Now, I believe that our reverend friend, whom
I call upon to answer this question, or rather this mis-
apprehension—for lam sure it is a misapprehension—will
state snore clearly, more faithfully, and more satisfactorily to
your minds, and I hope to the mind of my excellent friend.
if present,—will state such facts to you and to him, as will
convince you that it is indeed, and in truth, an entire mis-
apprehension ; for I am quite satisfied, from all I know of
this society, that there is not as much done for those poor
children in Ireland as is done for the children in our ragged-
schools in England. For my part, I only regret that the
funds of the society are so low that it will not allow the
friends of the society to do more for the starving population
of that country. (Loud applause). The Chairman concluded
by calling upon

'The Re'v.'T. C. COWAN, the secretary, to read the report,
which was as follows :

REPORT,

" The position of this society has undergone an important
change since the last anniversary in Liverpool. With the
Irish Society of London it has proved a complete amalgama-
tion, and with the Irish Society of Dublin it has entered into
a close alliance, dividing with it the missionary labour in Ire-
land, but reserv!ng the sole right of making :•ppeals in Eng-
land on behalf of the two societies. From the general fends
thus raised the sum of .4'3,000 a-year is secured to the Irish
Socitty.

"The result of these changes has been greatly to increase
the responsibility of the Irish Church Missionary Society.
The number of missions actually occupied has risen from 44
to 64; and the number of agents actually employed from
403 to 522, and 114 more are wanted to 1111 np the present
vacancies.

" To meet this great extension of the work, on income far
exceeding. that of last year is absolutely required. The
united efforts of the friends of the Irish Society as well as
of the Irish Church Missions will not be more than sufficient
to maintain the present work without entering upon any
fresh operations. In 1852, the amount received from all
sources was nearly .e 30,000 ; but, for the present year, at
least £40,000 will be needed. The Liverpool Association
contributed last year .e 907 10s. 2(1., the greater part of which
was made up by large donations to a special fund. This year,
with the aid of the subscribers to the Irish Society, our regu-
lar contributions should be much larger, especially as the
same liability in donations can hardly be expected.
"The success of the missionary work in Ireland is shown
not only by the number of open converts, and new churches
consecrated, and of children in the Protestant schools, but
also by the violent opposition of the priests, and still more
perhaps by the thousands who renounce Romanism as soon
as, by emigration to another country, they are placed beyond
the reach of Romish persecution. A. spirit of inquiry has
be.en awakened among the people, and a distrust of their
spiritual guides which no persecution can put down ; and
the society has good reason to hope for greater results every
year as the influence of the priesthood gradually diminishes,
and the number of secret converts is gradually increase I.
" A steady well-sustained effort to arouse the attention and
satisfy the inquiries of the Roman Catholics in Ireland can
hardly fail to succeed under the present favourable circum-
stances; a general advance among them in knowledge and
right feeling will probably be more trustworthy and more
effectual too in the end than any great outburst of enthusiasm
in this or Clot locality. It is hoped that the friends of the
society will in no degree relax their exertions, but that the
means of carrying on and of extending this work will be sup-
plied with continually increasing liberality.
" The present secretary has great pleasure in announcing
that the Rev. Samuel Minton, incumbent of St. Silas, will
succeed him as secretary to the Liverpool Association, on the
Ist of January next. " THOMAS C. COWAN."

The Rev. ALEXANDER DALLAS was then called upon to
move the first resolution, which was to the effect that the
Irish Church Mission Society kept alive that spirit of inquiry
and that desire for instruction which had already led to such
importan, results. He said the last time that he was in
Liverpool it was to receive the declaration of the alliance
with the old Irish Society. He felt great interest in that meet-
ing, from the great responsibility that occurred; but he did
not anticipate that in the nine months which had elapsed since
such a wide field should have opened, and that so many things
should have manifested that the work of God was about to
proceed in the great crisis to which their attention would be
called. It was a crisis in which he personally, and all those
dear friendswho joined him on the committee, especially those
with him on the platform, felt deeply indeed. He was the more
inclined to make an earnest appeal on the present occasion
because there was a very mistaken notion abroad as to the
nature of their work. It had arisen generally from the flames
kindled in various parts of Ireland, beaconed as it were on
the hills here and there. They had been accustomed to look
for little spots where a great light was seen, to hear of in-
cidents which told of remarkable conversions, and he did not
wonder that when the mind had been drawn to those interest-
ing details, that there should have grown an expectation of
the peculiar manner in which the Reformation was to be
achieved. And he wondered the less when he remembered
the great work which commenced with the Irish Church
Missions, where the darkness was such that it might
almost he felt, and where the light had since been so
great that every one who passed through there, if he were
not indeed blind (which some were), must acknowledge
that there was a great work in that part. He was not, there-
fore, surprised that there should be an expectation that similar
results should be found wherever the work of the Irish
Church Missions went. Rut he was anxious to call the atten-
tion of the Protestants of Liverpool, and of the kingdom gene-
rally, to the greater point before them. He should be satis-
fied with nothing less than the reformation of all Ireland.
(Loud applause.) He should be satisfied with nothing less
than the completion of the work which was begun three centu-
ries ago, which was then shamefully neglected, and confined
to questions of the supremacy of the King, or the supremacy
of the Pope, and no spiritual means had been tried from that
time to this; but now that they were bringing the power of
the Gospel to open the minds of the people of Deland, he was
looking to a greater result than could be achieved in one part
or another, than the beacons at Dingle, Achill, or on the lofty
mountains of Connemara. (Applause.) God had moved upon
the minds of the people of Ireland. It was a movement se-
cret, hidden. It became known to a few, and every step taken
since that time showed that there had been an opening of the
minds of the Irish Roman Catholics to receive the instruction
offered to them; and therefore they were not looking for
out bursts in one place or another, but for an effect generally
speaking upon the whole mind of Ireland. Now, such an effect
they had the plainest evidence was being produced more and
more, daily; anti instead of calculating the success of that
society by the effects produced on one happy quarter, on one
oasis in the desert, one spot where there had been all the bless-
ings of truth, with the order of ecclesiastical arrangements
restored afresh ; instead of that, they:had to look further, and
look what was moving in the minds of the people in the
North and in the South, the East and the West. (Applause.)
All the indications which the committee received from the
reports made, the committee gave them that assurance which
could not be manifest to the people; but the work which
was going on would one day break forth. It would be a
day of the people coming forth and casting off their
shackles. (Cheers.) Numbers were coming out, and although
they might be influenced by secondary motives, God was
drawing the people from darkness, and would put Romanism
aside even from Ireland, and make Ireland what it should
have been long ago, a Protestant kingdom. (Cheers.) Now
on the platform he had with him dear friends, who would
speak as to details, and he thought it more important that
he should draw their attention to the remarkable crisis to
which they had come. " In Dublin there were peculiar
facilities. God had there raised up men like Mr.
M`Carthy, who were able for the work by their spiritual
and Christian temper, and he constantly thanked God for the
temper in which he was carrying on the controversy. Above
all things, the peculiar characteristic was the Christian
temper with which they proceeded, and the forbearing conduct
of the agents. They did not make use of those exciting and
aggravating terms which had been bandied about too easily
in Ireland. The peculiar, feature of the Irish Church missions
was their speakinz the truth in love, by which they had over-
come that stubbornness and rebellion of the heart which the
priests had known how to use so well in the promoton of
persecution. (Applause.) From Dublin had sprang forth this
spirit of controversy, so qualified. The missionaries, of whom
there were sixty, having their places in various parts of Ire-
land, imbibed the spirit of controversy, and were putting
forth the truth as in Christ Jesus in immediate contrast with
the errors of Rome. (Applause.) The grand point was not
to put forth the Gospel alone. The Roman Catholic religion
was so cunningly devised that they would find in the Canons
of Trent many doctrines which were entirely evangelical, and
a general statement of doctrine might be made which would
meet apparent assent, and produce no wholesome spirit of
excitement and inquiry in the Roman Catholic mind. Their
missionaries put the truth in immediate cont ast with the doc-

trines of Rome: questions were put to the people, and the
mind of the people was set to work. This had been done
mainly by those little placards and handbills, of which
they had heard from the Chairman. Those placards were
most powerful instruments, and it was quite wonderful
the effects that they produced. He could tell them
numberless instances of persons who had shunned and re-
sisted them at first, but afterwards came to read them atten-
tively. It was by means of those placards that the spirit of
inquiry had been so stirred in the minds of the people of
Ireland, mainly in Dublin, but also in various parts of the
country. Therefore it was of the to most moment that they
should maintain the power of circulating those handbills and
having that free discussion. Now it was precisely because
they had so much power that the priests of Rome were exert-
ing all their influence against that happy device by which so
much good had been achieved. The crisis to which they had
come was of a nature which had drawn the attention not only
of the hierarchy in Ireland, but of the Pope of Rome him-
self. (Hear, hear, hear.) They had information by which
they knew that as Pope Pius the Ninth had his heart very
much set upon England, and obtaining power and influence
there, the check given to the great work he intended to
pursue by his aggression, was a matter which had been very
much upon his mind, and excited his interest very greatly.
It so happened that there were two persons in Ireland who
have the ear of the Pope. Dr. M`Hale and Dr. Cullen had both
been in Rome, and were on terms of personal intimacy with
the Pope. Now those two persons were placed at opposite
ends of Ireland. Dr. M`Hale was situated in that part where
God had produced such open effects, in Connemara and
Galway. Dr. Cullen was placed in the other part where there
was not such open, palpable and easily calculated results, lint
where with deeper effect the work was going on. Dr. M'Hale
was continually writing to Rome to the Pope himself to assure
him that the work going on there was exaggerated, that it was
merely temporary, that it was a matter of no account what-
ever, that it was entirely from bribery, that, as soon as the
pressure upon the people ceased, it would soon pass away,—
especially, he said, the people of England would soon be tired
of giving their money. (Hear, and laughter.) Dr. Cullen
took a different view. He wrote that this was a more serious
matter than was imagined, that it came to the root of thechurch
in Ireland, that it must be stopped by any means. and he had
(as he, Mr. Dallas, believed most sincerely, from information
that he had) actually applied to the Pope to have power given
to hint to make the whole of the hierarchy of Ireland. press with
all their power,-and more than their power,—with all the
power that they dared use in the face of a government which
might sanction them, in order to crush it by violence, by
persecution,—by every means by which the old system of the
Inquisition could be applied in Ireland. Now, Pius IX.
hesitated between these two opinions ; and, in consequence,
the society's missionaries, their agents and converts, and the
inqairing Roman Catholics of Ireland, were left at this mo-
ment without the intensity of that persecution which would
come forth in the boldest manner if the Pope would give the
sanction which Dr. Cullen requires. (Loud applause). Oh,
what a crisis was this, for they did not know the mo-
ment when it might be a matter of life or death to them. In
Spain we knew that three Centuries ago the Reformation was
burned out by the auto-da,fe ; and they did not know in
Ireland bow much Ribbonism, connected with the priests,
might not be called into action, it it were once given forth
that this matter was to be put down in that way. This was
the point they had come to ; and when they came to England
and told us that this great work was going on, that the
gospel was being preached, and that the people of Ireland,
who had been in darkness, were now ready to listen,—he be-
sought them earnestly to give, that the gospel might be sent
forth through the length and breadth of the land, and
lie besought them to remember that there might not be
the opportunity for a year or even a month longer. This was
the reason that they had made so much of the matter of the
handbills, for the power of free discussion, by means of which
only they could come at the people, must be maintained.
(Applause.) Mr. Dallas then contrasted the present crisis in
religious matters in Ireland with the period of English history
in which the seven bishops had made, in the time of James
the Second, their famous Remonstrance. If, when the jury
was sitting on the trial of the bishops, all London had not been
up, and no man slept—if there had not been plain evidence of
the determination of the people,—they would have been found
guilty: That was the turning point in English history, and this
was the turning point in Irish. It theycould stop the handbills,
if they could make it a constructive assault to put a piece of
paper with some words from the Gospel into the hands of a
Papist, if a magistrate could convict for that, then there would
be an end to the present attempt to reacts the Roman
Catholics. (Applause). It was worth standing up for, and
thanks to God they had stood up for it successfully. It was a
mistake that they did not let the poor man go to gaol, for if
lie had, as a great lawyer had said, he would have come out of
it in a coach and four. (Loud applause). But it had
been brought before the Court of Queen's Bench.
They were to decide whether those recognizances were
to stand good or not. They would decide the question,
and in the meantime the hand-bills were being offered about
Dublin exactly as they were before, or rather a deal more
frequently, and they were read with more avidity by the
people. Mr. Dallas next referred to a former time, when the
police had torn down the bills in Dublin which were posted,
and to the defeat of that outrage by an appeal to the Lord
Lieutenant ; and concluded by showing the magnitude of the
operations of the society, and the necessity existing for ex-
tensive support. He showed the gradual decrease in its funds
in four years, from 44,000 to 43,000, its now greatly increased
liabilities, and to a sudden lapse in the subscriptions which
once occurred which had caused them to give all their agents
on one occasion a month's notice that at its expiration they
would probably be obliged to dispense with their services. He
also referred, in interesting terms, to the first establishment
of the mission house in Dublin, stating, amid cheers, that a
new Church in connection with it is ts be opened on Sunday
next; and, after making a powerful and effective appeal for
support, resumed his seat amid considerable applause.
Rev. D. R. BICKERSTETH, in seconding the resolution,
said, we are not forwarding any political party, nor are we
seeking to ameliorate the social condition of Ireland. What
we want to do is, to establish by God's own Word the truth of
the doctrines of the reformation in opposition to the dogmas
of Romanism. We have nothing to do with bribery, although
that charge has been brought against us; and even our
friends have had misgivings on account of the large sums
which we dispose of. By the laws of the society, we are un-
able to dispose of the funds in forwarding any temporal
purpose. We must dispose of our funds in strict accord-
ance with the purposes which have been declared, and which
even the most relentless of our opponents have been un-
able to detect any single instance to the contrary. At a meet-
ing which was held a considerable time ago, at which it was
my fortune to be present, a Romish priest was the only one
who offered any opposition ; he was very noisy, and said,
among other things, our converts were merely stirabouts,
meaning by that bribedi converts. Now, such as could be in.-
duced to leave one religion for another by the operation of
stirring about, would, no doubt, have been most likely to go
over to those who had most to bestow. To this priest I pro-
posed the working out of a small sum in arithmetic ; it was
this'—we have 30,000 converts in Ireland, we have 300 agents
in the same country, each of those agents has at 40 a year, Etna
our income is 413,000 ; will you tell me how much will re-
main to bribe each of the 30,000 converts, after paying the
agents ? (Great applause.) If the Roman Catholic priest
hail been mesmerised, or had had chloroform administered
to him, it could not have him made more quiet. He said
not another word, but whenever my address was concluded
he jumped up and ran away. (Hear, hear, and applause.)
The Catholic Defence Society had been instituted to
counteract the operations of this society, and when the
Romish hierarchy had to establish a Defence Society, it
showed us a gratifying fact, that the operations of this society
were successful. The Defence Society, it was said, would
make such an exposure of the practices adopted by us for the
sake of securing converts, as would disgust the English
people, and prevent them from contributing any more
towards our support. They failed in producing a single
proof of bribery or corrupt agency of any sort. (Loud
cheers.) But such a charge is absurd. We cannot apply our
funds to any but genuine missionary purposes. At
the present time a crisis exists in Ireland, and we have,
through the blessing of God, been enabled to kindle a spirit
of inquiry among the Romanists—(hear and applause)—
and we cannot leave them in that state. We must go on,
and lie who is taught to inquire must be confirmedasa convert,
or we must abandon him to the grasp of infidelity; for if he
has not held out to him the true light of the Gospel to guide
him from Popish error which we have shown, he will come to
the conclusion that there is no truth in religion, and he will
take refuge in infidelity. We have not only aroused inquiry
in Ireland, but we have awakened sympathy in England, and
in other quarters, and we now have an income of 440,000 a-
year. In Ireland, also, we have awakened sympathy, in so
active a degree, that in one small district there, within two or
three weeks, the sum of 4600 was contributed to convey us
over a difficulty; and from India, from America, and other
distant lands, we are receiving substantial aid. We have now
560 agents employed in carrying on our work, and we have no
fewer than thirty-six missions in Ireland. Last winter we had
475 pulpits open for the purpose of controversial sermons, all
of which were largely attended by Romanists. Another evi-
dence of the value of the Reformation Society might be found
in the fact that, in the diocese of Tuam, the bishop was called
on to consecrate nine churches, and these, be it remembered,
are not planted like the Romish chapels to entrap congrega-
tions, but they were called for to meet the wants of existing
congregations. Were other proofs wanting, they might be
found in the significant fact, that the Irish Papist, so soon as
he leaves his land, forsakes the errors of Popery. It is an
undeniable fact, that out of 3,000,000 of emigrants who left
Ireland for America, not fewer than 2,000,000 had embraced
the Protestant faith, thus showing that two out of every
three Irishmen had become Protestants so soon as they
were removed from the control of their priesthood. (Hear,
hear, and cheers.) As already stated, d vast spiritof inquiry
has been evoked in Ireland, which, if we are enabled to make
available, it must end in our success. The battle is half won
when a Roman Catholic begins to inquire into the foundation
of Ida religion. He thus gives unmistakeable reason for be-
lieving that he will embrace and rejoice in the true freedom of
the Gospel. This movement is not confined in its operation
to the soil and people of Ireland ; it extends throughout all
Christendom. This fact was known to and expressed by one
who once filled the Papal chair, who gave utterance to the
prophetic truth, that when the Romish Church shall cease to
exist in Ireland, the Mother Church of Rome will fall. The
rev. gentleman resumed his seat amidst loud and continuous
cheering. s . .

The resolution was then put to the meeting by the Chair-
man, and carried by unanimous acclamation.

The Rev. C. F. 11.1`CARTHY moved the second resolution, to
the effect that this meeting is resolved to maintain and
extend the missionary work carried on by the Reformation
Society, and to resist the persecuting spirit to which its
efforts and agents are exposed. The persecution he remarked
might be taken as the best evidence of the Society's utility,
and showed the value of the work it was accomplishing.
The opposition of the Rowish priesthood to the progress of
the Reformation was not so much to be wondered at when it
was borne in mind that every convert from Romanism is so
much out of the pockets of the priests. Hence their efforts
to crush the Society. To accomplish this, they resort to every
kind of abuse and misrepresentation ; and at the instigation
of the priests, the lay agents and missionaries of the Re-
formation Society had been reviled, traduced, and bedaubed
with mud and filth. The terms of the resolution not only
call on the meeting to maintain the good work so well begun,
and not allow it to go backward for want of support, but
they call on you to lend your aid in repressing the perse•
cution to which those endeavouring to carry on its
objects are subjected. These objects are, we have found,
most effectually accompdshed by getting up such a
state of public feeling as will encourage the friends and
repress the exertions of the opponents of the movement.
Such state of feeling, experience has taught us, is best pro-
moted by the distribution of placards and handbills, contain-
ing short texts of Scripture, and questions tending to show
the fallacy of the Sacrifice of the Mass; these are particularly
suitable in the shape of small handbills, which are put into
the hands of the people as they go into the Popish chapels.
He here displayed and commented upon several of these
placards, detailing, with much minuteness, the instances
of efficacy arising from their distribution. Raged schools
had also lie said been found an efficacious mode or aiding the
society's operations. In reference to the Ragged Schools he
detailed the particulars of what he called the food slander.
It was said the converts they obtained were procured by the
distribution of food among the people. Now the whole
facts on which this misrepresentation rested were,
that, in order to prevent Cie necessity of the children absent-
ing themselves from the ragged school, for the pur-
pose of begging, each child was furnished every morning with
about three-sevenths of a halfpenny-worth of meal made into
stirabout. (Laughter and cheers.) If such a pittance is to
he found fault with, and represented as bribery and corrup-
tion, look at Nlaynoolli 1 See there, the sons of peasants and
small farmers, taken into the establishment and fed upon
good beef and mutton every day, but Friday ; and furnished
with money also, supplied by the British Parliament, to
enable those young men to poison the people. (Cries of
Shame—it won't be long"—and cheers). He sat down
amidst loud applause.
The Rev. J. A. COOHLAN, on rising to second the resolu-
tion, said, at so late a period of the evening, and when the
time intended for the meeting had been so far exceeded, lie
should not do more than urge upon the clerical gentlemen
whom he saw present, and whom he had hoped to have had
the honour of addressing on the subject, the necessity of re--
commending the society to the favourable notice of their
congregations.

The doxology was then sung and the meeting broke up.

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