The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1849-05-29 00:00:00

performers severely on such an occasion, when both the
orchestra, theatre, and performances were new. The
buffo dancer, Mr. Carter, made a decided bit. He re-
minds us of Flexmore, as we knew him some years ago.
The ballet is a decided improvement upon the usual
amusements of the gardens.

The amusements concluded with the colossal pictorial
representation of Constantinople—a spectacle got up in
Messrs. Atkin's best style, and which strangers in Liver-
pool would do well to see. The fireworks were of unusual
brilliancy.

QUARANTINE REGULATIONS. - IMPORTANT
REPORT FROM THE BOARD OF HEALTH.

(From yesterday's Times.)

The General Board of Health has jus-t issued a report
of extraordinary importance as regards the relief of com-
merce, the freedom of locomotion, and the sanitary pros-
pects of the whole population. The subject-matter of
the document is no other than the practice of quarantine
as at present retained for the presumed protection of one
country from the infectious plagues of another.

agion assumed that certain diseases
rom one person to another by actual
-etively of atmospherical or even
-that is to say, that plague or
the patient to the physi-
. although
disposition were wholly
--,Tation of the ma-

constituti

LI conditiOns

ician to any third part

changed. In ordinary
lady was held to be
even if the person or 4

amosi a r

ly brot

'atter of certainty, and
glit in contact with the
3 proof against the con-

nal patient al
;ion, yet it Iv)

that he cou!d carry the poison
skin or his clothes in such a stateof activityas to be
communicable to any parties loss fever-proof than himself.
At first this virus was supposed to be something as real and
palpable as that by which certain cutaneou

upon 1

pladies are

propagated, or as that contained in vaccine matter. After-
wards, when scientific researches pointed to some less
substantial form of aspheric influence as a principal
that there was room ter conta-
nf the atmosphere might be so

vent, it was still argued

for that the

highly concentrated, and

gravating circa
sited on articl:

3 it were, inspissated, by ag-
to be capable of being depo-
, furniture, or clothing,
tted to

and of being, in such form, trans,- _ coun-
tries and dissimilar climates. These imaginary deposits
received, in technical language, the name of farnites, and,
though not palpable to the senses of perception, were
conceived to contain the•seeds of the disease in
as truly as the eggs of a spider are contair

a Its nest

It Was againSCsuch dangers as these that quarantine
regulations have been directed, it being supposed that
material importations could be excluded by material bar-
riers ; and, undoubtedly, when the premises have been
granted, it would be hard to resist the conclusion. It is
true that throughout the operations of this system, facts
wholly irreconcilab►r thus maintained

with the princi[

were continually presenting themselves, but so strongly
was the tenacity of popular error here exemplified, that
the quarantine regulations were still preserved, even after
the good which they effected had become extremely pro-
blematical, while the evil which they caused was more

and more manifest. ti
propounded, and, we r

h, two conch

ms were

venture to say, esta-

blished

The first of thes

was little or no generic differ-

ence between epidemics,

they were
hion as that combated

!cond, t

not transmissible wfter

by the institutions of q

It is not remarkabl
rent as those of plague, typhus, scarlatina, yellow fever,
influenza, and cholera, should have been thought to de-
pend each on their own specific contagions, but the report
before us enumerates the following important conditions
as characterizing the entire class :—" They are all fevers;
they are all dependent on certain atmospheric conditions ;
they all obey similar laws of diffusion ; they all infest the

;es so externally

same sort of localities; they all attack ci
classes, and, for the most
and their intensit

fly the same
art, persons of the like ages ;
sed or diminished by the same
sanitary and social conditions." In fact, there is not
wanting evidence to show that epidemics in all ages have
resulted from the same infraction of sanitary rules, and
that the particular form assumed by each at its outbreak
is determinable by the accidents of atmosphere or season.
What is influenza one year is cholera the next; what
is plague in one latitude becomes typhus in another.
Conditions which generate yellow fey
generate typhus or sc,rlatina in Er

r in Barbadoes,
,gland and it is
s of typhus have
happened, into the

a very remarkable
been importud, as 1
West Indies, they have been instantaneously extin-
guished by the atmosphere of the tropics. In fact,
the English plague cannot live in Jamaica, nor the
West Indian plague -in England, although it is not a
little curious, as demonstrating the true atmospheric
origin of these maladies, that in one particular summer,
remarkable for its strange meteorological conditions, when
some troops were in garrison under rather unhealthy eir-
ldisputably

t that when c

cumstanejs at Hy

case of yellow fey(

genuine in its type, did actu
the characteristic symptoms vanished with the first return
of the weathor to its English form
The second and most imports
these maladies, he they what they may, are undoubtedly
not transmissible from one country to another, or from
one person to another in the manner presumed. On this
head the report embodies conclusions which, though
certainly not novel, are nevertheless presented with un-
usual emphasis and supported by an irresistible selection
of facts. As regards the propagation of contagion by
merchandise, it is proved beyond the possibility of denial,
that if the theory were correct Manchester must have
been long ago ravaged by an oriental plague. When this
frightful scourge was raging with the utmost violence at
Alexandria some few years ago, thousands of bales of
cotton goods—supposed to be a material of tie very
highest susceptibility in this respect—were shipped from
the Egyptian port to England. The cotton was taken
from the government stores, where the plague was making
the greatest havoc; it was stowed away by working
parties of natives, who were repeatedly seized with the
disorder during the operation : it_ was packed into the

y present itse

t proposition is, that

and battened dow►i with ti:

moat concentrated fo
suffered fearfully in t

rye the contagion in its
ship's crews
s of the

if to
Yet, although ti
port, they carried no seed

with the

known of

r was any single instance
r officer being seized with

plague, after rip. pi
contaminated bal

The propagation of contagion by pgrsonal contact is
disproved by facts of equal clearness. It is very sensibly
observed, that if the hypothesis were sound, the trick of
`agion ought to be marked by
ad that, in point of fact, the
y have survived the ultimate con-

any person carrying tl
a train of dead and dy
human race could scar

he con

sequences of such conditions. Nor is any stress to be
laid upon the facts which have been recently observed in
Liverpool and Glasgow connected with the immigration
of Irish. What these unfortunate creatures did was, not
to import in matured activity a specific and definite ma-
lady, but to add a swarm of impoverished inmates to
dwellings and localities already overcrowded. They made
misery more wretched, uncleanliness more squalid, and
privations more insupportable. They created the gener-
ative conditions of fever by their accumulation of num-
bers, their habits of filth, and their state of destitution.
The results would have been the same from whatever
quarter the importation had taken place, and, indeed, the
ingredients of an epidemic are now so accurately under-
stood, though it might not be possible to carry one already
manufactured across the Atlantic, yet no difficulty would
be experienced in generating the worst type of fever, at
any spot which might be selected.

The Rev. Robert Aitken, MA., late of Perranuthnee,
and now of Glasgow, has been appointed by the Bishop
of Exeter to the district of Pendeen. in St. Just, in Pen-
with.

VALUE OF LAND IN WELLINGBOROUGH.—During the
last week land has been sold and resold for £l2OO per
acre, This, we believe, is the highest price that has
been realised in any part of the country.
PAINTERS SHOULD NOT SUCK THEIR PENCILS.—The
post mortem examination of a young artist named A. F.
West, who died lately, revealed enough to induce the jury
to return a verdict " That the deceased died from the
effects of carbonate of lead." It appeared that ho was in
the habit of drawing his brushes through his lips.
CATTLE AND., SHEEP.—A return, obtained by Sir John
Young, M.P., shows that between the sth of January,
1847, and the sth of April, 1849, there were c•:ported to
Greet Britain from Ireland 189,960 oxen, hulls, and cows ;
9,992 calves, 324,179 sheep and lambs, and 106,407
swine. During the year ended the sth of April, 1849, the
number exported from Ireland was 27,985 oxen and bulls,
879 calves, 35,189 sheep and lambs, and 27,004 swine.
THE CURE OF C" ,INS.—In weather like the present
"-come than corns; and the

there is nothing more tr
only wonder is that
of their existence, v
Levi is resident h

leer evert

ingcomplaints

qi so skilled a chiropedist as
A glance at his testimonals.

from the first noblemen of the day, others from our
merchants and townsmen, some of whose certificates ex-
tend over years back, should be sufficient to ensure to
him the business of the town ; but the public hithoto
have been so much deceived by itinerant " a» ofresnrs "

who are here to-day and gone to-morrow, that they are
dubious of the result. Let such consult the testimonals
of Robt. Lucas, Esq., of Captain Richardson, or a thou--
sand others that are daily advertised.

PROPOSAL FOR A COMMEMORATIVE WINDOW IN
CO ESTER CATII EDIIA the Act of Uniformity, passed
in the 2nd of Kin.. Edward VI., A.D., 1548, it was ordered
that the Book of Common Prayer and Administration of
the Sacraments, and other rites and ceremonies of the
Church of England, which had been recently prepared
" by the Archbishop of Canterbury, and certain of the
most learned and discreet bishops and other learned men
Pl,l_. .1.7 1 • •• _

~.,C untu in au the Churches through-
one, from and after the feast of Pen-

Is, in the year 1549. Cense-
e present weer 1819 is the three

per Book

On
rinciples of the Reformation were first
were on that day legally and
end ; and though the Church
ice overthrown, first by the
n the Great Rebellion, it

y both times restored and speedily
erviccs have come down to us sub-

still form one of the most precious
ieritance. In the extensive cir-

!lurch and of the Word of

y of the C
sting has b

re occurred to some of the con-
iat such an event as the first pub-

,e fitly commemoia

1. The

grateful

ion or recanting a
nt an event in the histor