The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1849-05-22 00:00:00

ruarts of water into the milk.
him for that ?"—(Laughter.)

" Ten quarts'
never did "

did you put in ?" " Wily, two quarts for my master,
and two quartS for myself."—(Loud laughter.) "Was it
warm or cold water ?" "Why, cold water to be sure."

milk is a very religions girl, and she would not allow
water to be put in, I'm sure." " Oh, don't she ? she{
does though, and you know it too," said the prisoner ; a
hich seemed to satisfy the auditory that piety

rejoinde

connected as

s desired them to be cousid

r. Barker informed the prosecutor, that the bench
V 110.7 w by twang ct the, County Court.
if it's a

:I well,

_
The prisoner, a tolerably confident, if not impudent, in-
diyithlel, was dischrirged.—Wolverhqmplon Chronicle,

WHOLESALE DESTRUCTION OF BIRDS.—Mr. Bree, of
Stowmarket, finding that In his district a system has been

ensively in

[uced o

the farmers of this country will be unable to grow corn,
crops at all ! You must not be startled at a supposition
so bold as this. I will preface my explanation by a short
tement made in works upon natural history upon the
Many years ago the coffee plants in.
sear were attacked by the grakle, a

very best authority

well-known bird on the African coast. The grakle is'an
insect-feeder, hut having used up the supply, it betook it—
self in pure necessity to coffee. An edict was spcedil

sued and carried into effect, for the annihilation of gra-
kles, and every bird on the island was destroyed. All
went on ver3 well for a year or two ; when, lo and be-
hold, the insects and their larva having the field to them-
selves began to make sad havoc with the coffee plants.

What was to be done ? There was no alternative but that
of bringing back the grakle, which was in due season im—
ported. The coffee planters had, however, gained some-
- and they resolved to prosper by the

ihing by experience,

. . .. .
same • they managed to keep the grakle within bounds,
and same;
well knew that lie would do the same by the in-
sects. And they were right. By preserving a

lieu doctrine between the" two, they were enabled to grow.

Now I apprehend the farmers in the present day-
are much in the same position as the coffee planters of
Madagascar. There has been for some time a system
practised in this neighbourhood of poisoning birds by
wholesale ; thousands upon thousands have thus been de-
stroyed, and the system continues. Can anything, I ask,
be more absurd and irrational, I bad almost said stupid,
than this abominable practice ? I will say nothing about

_
per a syllable of the goodness, and beneficence, and wis-
dom of its great Author, for I know from experience that
against prejudice in agricultural districts such arguments
have no weight; neither will I attempt to picture the

horror with which I have witnessed this familiarity with
poison spreading like an evil pestilence among the beauti-
ful of God's works. But this I will say, ghat if the far-

mers of England run blindly and wilfully' into the prove&
and fatal error of the coffee planters of Madagascar, if
they permit the grub and the wire-worm to destroy the

redly if they annihilate insect feeders—then they will not
only effect their own ruin, but they will inevitably cause
a great national calamity."

THE RELAY SYSTEM PUT DOWN IN YORKSHIRE.—
Thanks to the good sense, and to the impregnable impar•-
tiality, of the Yorkshire magistracy, the rela

system is

_
put down in Yorkshire. It is a fact highly cieditable to
the millowners of Yorkshire that Mr. Saunders, the in-
spector of the district, could only find two firms persisting
in employing young persons or women, eil her by relays or
shifts of any kind. Those two firms he brought before
the Dewsbury bench of magistrates last week. The cases
were postponed at the request of the defendants, in the

apparent hope of getting a more favourable bench of ma-
gistrates. But at the hearing on Monday last, the bench
were unanimous in declaring the illegality of the relay
system. We wonder not at the unanimity. The law is

as clear as it is possible 1(
clause of the Ten Hours'
to work more than ten }

he seconc

Bill no young person is allowed
ours a day. By a subsequent

persons;" and by another clause the act is to be inter-
preted in connection with the previous Factory Acts. The
provisions of these acts show the carefulness of the Legis-
lature to secure uniformity of working in a mill : without
which, factory inspection would be useless. The 26th.
section of the 7th Vict. c. 15, provides, " that the hours
of work of young persons shall be reckoned from the
the time when any child or young person. shall first begin
to work in the morning in such factory." By the 521
section "the time of beginning work in the morning,
which shall be stated in any notice fixed-up in the factory,
signed by the occupier or his agent, shall be taken to be
the time when all persons in the factory, except children.
[who are allowed to work shifts] begin to work on any
day subsequent to the date of such notice." And by
section 36, the hours of working are deemed to be conti-
nuous in the mill, with the e3ception of such meal hours
s are common to all young persons working in the mill.

What more, we would ask, could the legislature have
done to ensure uniformity of working ? The argumentura
ad absurdam vainly employed in the defence of the cases
on Monday last, was a very specious one. 13ut it was
nothing more. It was said the young were only worked
ten hours, and could not therefore be convicted of work-
ing more than ten. But the Factory Acts not only pre-
scribe a limit of ten hours' work, but also enact when that
work shall be given, and how it shall be calculated. It is
to be reckoned to begin when the first worker begins to
work ; or when the mill-owner's own notice says that that
worker began. And the millowner is liable to a penalty if
that notice be a false one. All acts of parliament thus
prescribe the forms of their own observance and enforce-
ment. The Beershop Act requires a signboard in black
and white ' • a beerseller having a blue and gold sign
would be brought up for having no signboard. By a sub-
sequent Beer Act a license is to be granted only to parties
living in houses of a prescribed rateability. If a man
whose premises are below this sum procure a license, and
sell beer under it. he is brought up for selling beer with-
out a license.—Halifax Guardian.

.82 tor.

or pass

lAM FISHER and SON, 7, Redc

Unit(

ip OLIVE BRANCH
MAKE. Commander :

BOSTON

The splendid A 1

sages, and d

veynnce fc
vessel in p,

%..

YORK PA(
ENV ARRANG

tablY auick na

,n the2l

T SHIPS

CONSTELLATIO

WATERLOO. F. P.

'l' POIN

J. SHIPLI

V. H. Al

By these I

24th of each

and their cc
For Fre,g

rate of 4 do

REDUCTION 0.

YORK'q
COLUAI
NEVN y,
MONTE
OXFORDOAMBRI, _
GI
MELIA. S.
ISAAC WRIC

iers are

W. G. I

UAIA. A. B

it the Ist

26th Au

cently buil

t in the cit
punctualit

I by any in the tra

f. SANDS

in New York at the

OF PAC
YORK

AFF 1100 tons
1100 tons,

k.C.AIARSHALL

Goods by these

Ns.. will in future be
.25a nmi n"-

These ships s
af character-and
at TWENTY

re all (

GOODS

if every Month

AS, for

dallaaand(

commitnded by men
•-moneyis.e,3tnblished

Ition of v

-REPT% CFI 0 N O

'4 BRUT

the rate of four

FT ON FINE GOODS TO
NTNEASUREMENT.

THE NEN
For

F PACKETS

gEW YORK

;it on the 6th of every Month

tiVr.RPOOL, J. ELDRIDCIE 1100 tons.. 6th June,
QUEEN OF THE WEST, F. BALLET 1250 tons.. Gth July.
CONSTITUTION, J. Brarrox l5OO tons.. Gth Augur
HOTTINGUER, I. BURSLEY 1050 tons.. Gth Sept.

By these PI
305..

Lckets Goods hitherto paying
will in future be charged only 20s