The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-10-05 00:00:00

FOREIGN Z - COLONIAL INTELLIGENCE.

ARRIVAL OF THE CALEDONIA.-IMPORTANT

NEWS FROM AMERICA AND MEXICO

The royal mail steam-ship Caledonia, Captain Lott, ar-
rived in the Mersey about half-past ten o'clock on Tues-
day night, with American papers to the 16th instant.
The Britannia reached Halifax Just as the Caledonia was
leaving, but there was no intellieence of the arrival of the
Sarah Sands.
The following highly important telegraphic despatch
from Washington gives particulars of a dreadful battle
fought between the Americans and Mexicans, in which
about 1000 of the former and 5000 of the latter were
killed. The following is a copy of the despatch :
" Washington, Sept, 14. p. m.
" Despatches for the government have this moment
been received. Ori the 20th ult. the American forces,
consisting of 7000 men, met the enemy at Charbuzes,
three or four miles from the capital. The Mexicans were
32,000 strong, and posted behind an immense battery of
heavy artillery. After two hours' bloody conflict, our
gallant troops swept everything before them. mainly at
the point of the bayonet. The American loss was less
than a thousand, while that of the Mexican is estimated
at five thousand, and amongst the killed are many distin-
guished men, both generals and civilians. The armistice
was agreed upon, and five commissioners appointed on
the Mexican side, at the head of whom was Herrera. The
commissioners had two meetings, and were to hold an-
other on Monday, the 30th. Valencia escaped with two
companies to Taluca, and has since pronounced against
Santa Anna and peace. The engagement commenced
about one o'clock in the afternoon. It lasted over two
hours. The enemy was completely routed from every
point, and those who were not killed or wounded were in
full flight for the city. At Churubusco the Mexicans say
Santa Anna commanded in person, but that he retired
early. The young men of the capital, from whom so
much was expected, nearly all fled, without firing a gun.
The loss on our side has fallen most heavily upon the
South Carolina and New York volunteers—the 6th Infan-
try and Smith's Battallion, and the batteries of Capts.
Magruder and Taylor. The South Carolina regiment was
nearly cut to pieces. Thirteen Mexican generals were
killed and wounded. More amunition was captured than
Gen. Scott has used since he has been in the country.
The following are the terms of the armistice agreed upon
while the commissioners of the two governments shall ne-
gociate terms of peace :
" Neither army is to be reinforced, nor build new de-
fences during the armistice, nor go beyond its present
ling ; in short, the two armies are in no way to interfere
with each other, without 48 hours notice."
CorroN.—There has been a speculative feeling since
our last, and on Saturday and Monday prices advanced
to cents per pound. The market was steady: The sales
of the last days amount to 5,600 bales.
The rates of freight are, to Liverpool, for cotton, g to
3-16 per lb.: flour and turpentine, 1-8 to 1-6 per barrel;
grain, 6d. to 7d. per bushel.. To London, 2-6 per barrel
for flour, and other articles in proportion. To Havre,
nominally, for cotton, Id. per lb. ; flour 70 cents per
barrel ; ashes, 8 to 10 dollars per ton ; rice, 10 dollars per
ton.

Several

A destructive fire has occurred at Quebec.
houses and stores were burnt.
A St. Petersburg letter states that the amount in value
of the corn exported from Russia since the last harvest is
32,891,622 roubles, equalling about 132,000,000 francs.
GOVERNORSHIP OF MALTA.—The Hon. Edward Fitz-
gerald, son to Lord William Fitzgerald, and nephew to
the Duke of Leinster, •is the secretary to Mr. More
O'Ferrall the new Governor of Malta.
In a New York letter it is remarked, " The potato
disease has made its appearance all over this country, and
bids fair to be more extensive than we have ever had it
before." It must be mentioned, however, that this state-
ment proceeds from a considerable holder of breadstuffs.
A dreadful fire broke out at Constantinople on the 13th
ult., which destroyed 250 large houses. including sixteen
stone mansions and the British Chapel. Three villains,
caught in the act of plunder, while the fires were ranging,
were thrown into the flames and burnt to death, by order
of Ahmet Pacha.

The ship on board which the guns taken at the battle
of Meeanee were shipped for England has been wrecked at
Sangor, and the guns are now lying under water, but the
Indian government is making great efforts to recover these
trophies, and it is hoped that many, if not all, of them
will be saved.
The appointment of the Duke d'Aumale to the gover-
norship of Algeria, the nomination of Marshal Soult to
the honorary rank of marshal general of France, the reform
agitation by which the departments are excited, and eu-
logies of M. Coletti, prime minister of France, are the en-
grossing topics of the Paris journals of Thursday. The
King and royal family left St. Cloud on Wednesday for
La Ferte Vidame. The King and Queen of the Belgians
are expected at St. Cloud on Tuesday.
CANADA.—We are happy to say that the mortality at
the emigrant sheds is abated. The inmates at the hospi-
tals are now a little over 1000 ; the daily rate of mortality
varies from 12 to 24. The serious fall in breadstuffs in
Britain will produce very heavy losses here. The mer-
chants of this country are serious sufferers by the panic
in the money market on the other side. Much gloom, of
course, pervades the commercial atmosphere ; and it is to
be apprehended that many who, a short time since, were
possessed of considerable wealth, may find their wealth
crumble away. The harvest in this country is most
abundant • but our prices do not keep pace in the down-
ward tendency with those iu Britain.
THE LATE COL. STODDART AND CAPT. CONOLLY.—
The Friend of India of the 29th of July says, on the
subject of these two unfortunate gentlemen—" For some
time past there has been a rumour that the King of
Bokhara had put to death the infamous Abdool Sumud
Khan, who has been rendered so notorious by Dr. Wolff's
narrative. It has now been confirmed in a letter of a
merchant at Bokhara to his correspondent at Cabul.
The King struck him on the head himself with a small
axe, upbraiding him with having instigated him (the
King) to slay Stoddart and Conolly. This information
gives additional confirmation to that which was indeed
too evident previously—that those unfortunate officers
were positively put to death by the Commander of the
Faithful. Their relatives are, we fear, still buoyed up
with hopes of their existence, which it is natural for them
to cherish, but the present intelligence places the report
of their death beyond all doubt."
The New Zealand papers of the latter end of March
mention, in terms of satisfaction, the return of Governor
Grey to Auckland from his trip to Mellington and Nelson,
where it appeared he had succeeded in terminating and
adjusting the various unsettled land claims which for
years past have been such a fertile source of complaint
among the emigrants. His interviews with the aborigines
have, it is alleged, done much to restore confidence, as
they find that his determination will not permit them to
cajole him or treat his proceedings with disrespect. The
coasting trade of the settlement has latterly improved,
and the revenue is also represented as exhibiting symp-
toms of increase. The quality of the surface coal dis-
covered at Nelson has been tested by use on board the
Inflexible steamer, and the results of the experiment give
it a slight advantage over the Newcastle, (Australian)
coal. The state of affairs at Auckland was, at the date of
these accounts, rather encouraging.
REPUBLICAN FREEDOM.—John C. Pulley, a free co-
loured man, has been arrested, says the Baltimore Patriot
of the sth instant, " on the charge of receiving abolition
papers, knowing them to be such, in violation of section
Ist of the act of 1841, which provides that any free negro
or mulatto who shall knowingly call for, receive, or de-
mand from any post-office in this State, or have in his
possession, any abolition handbill, pamphlet, newspaper,
or pictorial representation of an inflammatory character,
having a tendency to create discontent among or stir up to
insurrection the people of this State, shall be deemed
guilty of felony, and upon conviction thereof, shall be
sentenced to undergo a confinement in the Penitentiary of
this State for a period of not less than ten nor more than
twenty years." The specific charge in this case was the
receiving through the post-office the Ram's Horn. [The
paper of which Frederick Douglass has become assistant
editor.] The accused was held to bail in the sum of 500
dollars for his appearance at the next term of the Balti-
more City Court. He can scarcely read, it is said, and
the paper was sent to him by a friend in this city.—New
York Anti-slavery Standard, August 12, 1847.
THE EMIGRANT FEVER IN CANADA.—The Montreal
papers, from the 2nd to the 6th of September, contain
afflicting accounts of the ravages of fever amongst emigrants,
chiefly Irish, not only on the passage out, but on shore in
the hospitals. The ship Julius Caesar, from Liverpool,
had lost on the passage 83 out of 471 passengers, and 60
were sick on board. The Canada and Caledonia, from
Glasgow, had been proportionately unfortunate. New
emigrant hospitals and sheds had been constructed near
Montreal and elsewhere, and precautions had been taken
to conserve the public health as far as possible. The num-
ber of deaths had been alarmingly great. During the
week ending 28th August the deaths at Montreal had been
198 emigrants and 110 citizens, and in the following week
152 emigrants and 98 citizens. The inmates of the hos-
pitals there, on the 11th ult., were about 1,000, and the
daily mortality 12 to 20. The health of the city was im-
proving a little, but the rate of deaths was still inordi-
nately high. It was hoped that the temperature, which
which has become cooler, would mitigate the ravages of
the disease. Meantime, according to a presentment of the
grand jury of Toronto, no provision was made for the
support or employment of the poor patients on their dis-
charge from the hospitals, and they were allowed to roam
at large, and either beg or starve. Private bounty had
been extended, but was inadequate to meet the emer-
gency, and the home government were blamed for suffer-
ing the country to he inundated with thousands of poor
creatures who had no means of support. The jury re-
spectfully present that the necessary funds should be sup-
plied by the home government. Boards of Health had
been established, and had acted with great energy ; but
without pecuniary aid from England great distress and
mortality were to be apprehended during the ensuing
winter.
THE MINES OF AUSTRALIA.—These mines are, upon a
special survey, of 20,000 acres, distance about 96 miles
from Adelaide. This survey was taken in consequence of
large masses of copper ore which were discovered upon
the extremities of the survey. The proprietors of this
survey have secured to themselves the full extent of
mineral land, inasmuch as the lodes run longitudinally
through the survey. This has been proved by the work-
• ings which have been carried on, more especially in the
northern half, where the principal lode shows a course of
north about 35 degrees west. The general and almost
unparalleled richness, as well as extent, of this mineral
property is partly proved in the fact, that during the first
year's operations 7,200 tons of ore were extracted.
Some portions of these being the first shipments, have
already been sold in the Swansea market, and realised
from £lO 16s. to £3l 3s. per ton. As these, however,
were principally surface ores, and as there existed, during;
the first year, no available means for their due prepara-
tion, such as cleansing and classifying for exportation, the
average return has proved more favourable than was ex-
pected. Tho last accounts from Swansea state, that the