The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-05-12 00:00:00

In caltea and rigs—u....
limited, exceedingly little business was done

pi es of which were rather

SHARE MARKET.—YSSTFIRDAr.
The Share Market again t resents rather more firmness
a considerable amount of business. Eastern Counties
444 ; do. New, 7i to 7i prem.; do. York
share; Great Western, Halves, 884 ; Hu
London and Brighton, 6si to ; Lon&
79 to 80 ; South Eastern and fh
14; Newcastle and Darlington
26; North Staffordsl.ire,

with
24 to
2 per
and South Western.
er, i; North Kent, lj and
45; Newcastle and Berwick.

and Se

AN APOSTA

CHASTISED

In the House of Commons, on Friday evening, Lord
G. Bentinck thus referred to some. passages in a previous
speech of Lord Lincoln :

"The Secretary at War had taun'ed them by saying,
that notwithstanding the fears which were said to exist in
reference to this change, there were no county meetings.
He should have thought that, seated as the• right hon.
gentleman was by the side of his noble friend the Secre-
tary for Ireland, that would have been a delicate subject.
(A laugh.) There was no man knew better than his noble
friend what were 'he views of the counties on this subject.
There was everything in the character of his noble friend
to gain for him that respect and confidence which in pri-
vate life every man entertained for him ; and not only his
private but his public life well entitled him to be almost
the master of Northamptonshire; and there was 'not a
man in that county who was not proud to follow him.
(!iear.) But had there nut been an election for South
na
Nottinghamshire? (Hear.) Who gained that election?
Was it not the tenant farrrp-rs? (Hear.)
per-
sonal regard felt in Nottinghamshire Ur his noble friend,
all the money spent in Nottinghamshire by his noble
`vend (' no ito All thed been hear.' 1.-
h

from th
of no avail to him (' Hear, bl
cAn). He did not mean to
bribery (` Hear, hear,' from t
the noble lord mean to deny
election ? (` Hear,' and a lat
"The Earl of Lincoln.—B
not allowed to bueak but

Earl of Lin-
le friend with

expensire

loose 1 am

Bentinck T.(

that the house we

him to set hirnS

indulge his noble fri
body know that ev(

gaged for his noble Kier

tingbamshire was tak

the tenant fanners

E ittra t u rr.

NOTICES.

upon others which are akin to it. At the same time, 1
need hardly point out to your lordship, that there are
I mailers into which considerations immediately connected
I with the supply of food for the people of this country,
I and with the employment of its population must be para-

_
Our Free Trade Policy Examined. By a Liverpool ! mount.'
Merchant. London : Whittaker and Co.; Liverpool : ' " The employment of the colonial population, or the
Lace and Addison, and W. Grape!. i maintenance of those great interests which the past acces
We resume our extracts from this well-timed pamphlet; of that population to the British markets has established
and first quote the views of the writer with respect to the in the colonies, is secondary to the gratification of the cry
condition of the labouring masses under the operation of of the manufacturer at home for a cheap loaf or cheap
stimulated manufactures and depressed agriculture : 1 timber !_ In the face of this broad declaration on the part

"A reduction of the reward of
Conceive to be the natural, tl
table result of the minist
which tend to d

-,anntacturing labour I of the Home Government, that the Canadian people are
immediate, and the inevi- henceforth to be treated, in its legislation towards them
,urea, or of any Inca- with respect to the two great stapes of their production,
sures, . from other branches as foreign countries rather than as dependencies, whose
of employment, and to direct it towards manufacturing welfare that Government is bound by as strong ties as the
pursuits. The immediate connexion of the price of labour popu!ation of Great Britain herself, there can be little hope
with the price of food Ido not choose at present to dis- that the Canadas can be brought to feel any great longing
cuss. I could even afford to throw it overboard alto- to retain the existing connexion.
gather; and kave Sir Robert Peel and his ministerial and " I need not enter at aoy great length into the examine-
whig-radical allies to make the most of their elaborately tion of the grounds on which Mr. Gladstone endeavours
and cunningly selected figurer, and data. There is a natu- to soothe the fear of injury being inflicted upon Canadian
ral tendency towards decline in the wages paid in all ma- interests by the Government measures, and to show that
nufacturiog pursuits. The experience of the last twenty- I that country is in a position to sustain the competition to
five years in nearly every branch of mannfacttres has which she is called upon to submit the industry of her
borne witness to the fact. In all cases it may not be pi pulation. With respect to her corn, Mr. Gladstone
strikingly apparent from the money amount paid to each says:—
operative for his week's labour ; hut where this is so it I " I have much satisfaction in reflecting, that if Canada
must be borne in mind that the same operative now per- will have to enter into competition with the western states
forms three and even four times the work which he did of America, and engage in this rivalry when no longer
for the same remuneration 20 years ego. Where the cat- covered by any protective duty, at least she will not be
ton spinner formerly attended to 690 only, he at- called on to make the effort without some advantage on
tends now to 2100. Where the power-loom weaver was her side. Among them I reckon light taxation ; the assis-
only able to attend one loom, he attends now to two and tance she has received from British credit and funds in
even three, and these working at increased speed. In the construction and improvement of her internal commu-
every branch of manufactures. human labour we find is nications; her more regular and steady course of trade
being year by year more economized, and the productive with this country; her low tariff, so favourable to impor-
power of the mere m: chine enormously increased. tation, and, on that account, so powerfully tending to en-
" The obvious result of this feature in our tnatiufactur- courage her reciprocal commerce outwards ; some advan-
ing system is to diminish its power of providing for the Cage in point of proximity, as compared with the most
employ:nrnt of the people in proportion to the increased westerly states of the Union, which are also her most for-
iamount of manufactures produced. For instance, we , midable rivals in cheapness of production; and, lastly,
mported from the United Sta'ee., to be worked up into I the means of carriage, without transhipment, by the St.
yarn and goods, in 1822, cotton to the extent of 329.906 Lawrence, which cannot be had by the Erie Canal. She
bales. In 1845 we imported upwards of four times that will likewise have this in her favour, that her corn trade
amount, or 1,499,600 bales. Now, will any matt assert will have become a settled one of some standing, with all
that in the latter year the cotton trade of the kingdom its arrangements made and in full operation, while any
afforded profitable employment to four times the number regular commerce in that article with the United States
of operatives, or paid four times the wages that it did in must be a new creation, and must go through the pro-
the former? Certainly no man would be so hardy. But ceases attending its self adjustment to processes as yet
if this cannot be said of the gross amount of the cotton untried.

erial me
t indust

manufacture, including of course that most valuable por-
tion of it. c.%nsisting of the finest and fully perfected fab-
rics consumed in the home market, far less can it be said
of the coarse and low-priced fabrics which principally
compose our foreign trade. In 1841 we exported
366,946,152 yards of plain calicoes. In 1812 we exported
366,040,519, whilst in 1843 our exports of the same tabric
sprung up to 520,011,635 lards, and last year they were
613,138,645 yards. Did our hand-loom and power. loom
weavers increase in the ratio of 61 to 36 between 1845 and
180, or did they increase in the ratio of 52 to 36 between
1842 and 1843? They did no such thing. We heard of
no extensive migration from the agricultural to the manu-
facturing districts in those year. There was a sudden
expansion of the demand ; hut the manufacturing districts
were able to meet it without any material addition to their
existing stock of labour.
Such a further increase of exports as is predicted as the
result of Free Trade I admit- may produce such an in-
creased demand for labour as may for a while check the
downward tendency of wages. Hut mark the chane-d
circumstances into which the nation will have fallen ! We
shall have have redtp.leal the reward of agricultural indus-
try. We shall have •liinirtished the temptation to in-
creased agricultural en,erprise, for 1 hold with Sir Howard
Douglas that it seems a stringe proposition, and one
eontrary to all experience, flat the way to encourage the
production of articles of any kind is to expose that branch
of industry to unequal competition." By the same pro-
cess we shall have checked emigration to our colonies;
and thni thrown an additional number of bands upon the
home labour market, These must of necessity press into

the manufacturing districts for et
economists tell us that it is the

oyrnent ; and political
'portion of the supply

to the demand for any eorumo.,-ty which regulate

price. We know what was the c •ct of the irruption of
the pauper population of the sc hern counties into the

smarnafacturin.g districts, which took place in 1835 and
1836. We know, from the letters of Mr. Greg and Mr.

Ashworth to the Secretary of the Poor Lw Corn- tnission-

era, for what it was intended---viz., to reduce wag s. The
wages of the weavers of Bolton--proved by a wirliamen-
tary commis,i to have been stihs'sting upon 20. per
head per day I—had been edvanced 10 per cent.; and the
tatter eminent Leaguer regard;ql this addition of a potato
to the poor ;waver's daily meal as a symptom of approach.

jog ruin to m4oufacturinz prospe-iti, which the .mactli

new ofSomeret House was to be- nut in operation t

We know how su,

ward off. vias the effort made
—the extensiv. reduction of wages which followed and
the wide spread suff••ring and wretchedness which were

created, when at len,th a period cf manufacturing pros-

tration succeeded to the ft w years of active prosperity
which had ;minced the effort to • equalise.' as the phrase
was, manufacturing with agricultural prices of labour.
We have never yet heard trout official sources how many
of the ten thousand of the ,grieulthral pauper population
reached the homes which they bad been seduced to leave,
or how many sunk, amid the fever and pestilence of the
then almost depopulated manufactural towns and villages,

into untimely graves.
The same struggl, between the agricultural and the ma-
nufacturing labourer, but upon a more extensive scale,
and more fearfully earn-at, mu-t; inevitably follow the
adoption of the present measure,. It is intended to fol-
low them. .1\ Innufn^uret s are to .bsorb the dispossessed
labour of the country ; and, measuring their capability by
the data laid down above, there can remain little doubt
that the supply of labour will very soon become out of all

id for it. I have no doubt that

he ordeal through which

" ' And if it be true that New York offers some advan-
tages as compared with Montreal, particularly in regald
to the rate of insurance, on the other bond, 1 consider
that the shipping of British North America has wily
advantages sv -r that of the United States in the comp6ti-
lion for freights, as it is conducted at less expense, and
is, I must assume, navigated with equal vigour and equal
efficiency.'
" I think it would not be difficult to show that a por-
tion, at least, of the advantages which Canada is here
said to enjoy over the western states of America no longer
exists; and that, at all events, when protection is taken
away altogether from her agriculturi-ts, a great many of
the existing arrangements of her commerce will also be
diverted into an Cher channel. The following statements
and figures prepared for a Montreal journal by a gentle-
man in New York, intimately connected with the trade,
very materially weaken the force of the Colonial Secre-
tary's fond anticipations :
EXPORTATION OF FLOUR TO LIVERPOOL VIA MON-
TREAL AND NEW YORK, UNDER PRESENT CORN
LAWS OF GREAT BRITAIN. s. d.
Duty on United States IA heat, floured in Canada,
per barrel
Extra freight from Montreal to Liverpool, over New
York charges ......
Average excess of insurance . .
Cost of importation and grinding in Canada, over
the expense of shipping direct to Montral from
Cleveland

Differential duty in savour of Canadian produce, for
the next three years, per brl
Probable differenee in height from the West to Mon-
treal, via New York

Balance in favour of New York as the shipping
port

`• This balance in favor of this city, will hold good
during the three years fixe,l upon fur the continuance of
the remaining protection under the corn laws of Great
Britain, and the continuance of the present rate of tolls
on our public works.' "

" after the expiration of three years, the present
production in the corn laws of England should be abo-
lished, there will be an increased exportation of bread
stuffs from this port, as we should draw that trade from
Canada, to a greater extent than yet realized. The reduc-
tion of tolls on our public works is likely to proceed more
rapidly than on those of Canada, and we shalt, therefore,
be better able to control th,s trade in a few years hence,
than we are now. Under the contemplated equalization
of duties in Great Britain upon Canadian and American
flour, shipments can be miide as annexed :
EXPORTATION OF FLOUR TO LIVERPOOL, VIA NEW

YORK AND MONTREAL

Freight, per barrel, from Toronto to Oswego....
Do. do. Oswego to New York..
Do. do. New York to Liverpool
Average rate of insurance, (1 per cent.).........

Cost of transport from Toronto to Liverpool, via
New York

8. d,
0 6
2 0
2 6
0 3

Freight, per barrel, from Toronto, to Kingston.... 0 6
Do. do. Kingston to Montreal.... 1 9
Do. do. Montreal to Liverpool.... 4 6
Average rate of insurance, (2 per cent.) ..... ..... 0 6

" Thia leaves a balance in favour of that city of two
shillings per barrel. So tar as the trade in breadstuffs
between Great Britain and North America is concerned,
under the present formation of the corn laws, and tinder
an equalization of duties of Canadian and American flour,
it is pretty evident that the bulk of it must be carried on
between this city ::nd Liverpool. but to what extent it
will be carried, is a matter of much uncertainty and
doubt.'"

" With reFpect to the alleged ' many advantages' which
the shipping of British North America enjoys over that
of the United States, upon which Mr. Gladstone depends
to prevent this diversion of uur commerce from the St.
Lavrret.ce to New York, and from British bottoms to
those of the Republic, I cannot see where those advan-
tages lie. It is true that the shipping of British Ame-
rica is constructed at less expense; but then it can only

be said to have paying cargoes one way. A vessel, which
has brought to New York a valuab!e cargo of dry goods,
can afford to ratan, corn laden, to Great Britain at less

rates than even a cheaper ship, which has come out al-
most in ballast, can sail from Montreal or Quebec with a
cargo. Mr. Gladstone, I suspect. will find this delusive
argument slip from beneath his feet; and especially so
when, by the present measures, the British Government
has withdrawn the temptation to emig. ants to settle in
Canada. and directed the surplus population of this coun-
try to the western states of the American union, as af-
fording them equal, if not superior, fields for their enter-

prise and industry. It is well known that a large portion
of our shipping employed in the trade with British Ame-

rica goes out kith emigrants to those settlements ; and,
when ac take away this remunerating employment for the
outward voyage, the site homewards must be a seriously

With respect to the timber trade of Canada, the same

despatch says

1" Not only are they (the government) free from the ap-
prehension that the proposed remission of 10s. per load

orelgn

cause a

contraction of the trade from British North America, but
they are sanguine in the anticipation that that trade will
continue, notwithstanding the proposed change, to extend
itself. "'

" A differential duty of 155., proposed, as ' upon the
average nearly covering the difference between freights
from the Bahic and those from British North America
to Great Britain,' he apprehends will preserve to us this

trade; and he aigues, that as importation to Canadian
Timber has increased under the m-asure of 1842, so it
will continue to increase when a further amount of pro-
tection shall have been withdrawn. Candour, however,
ought to have induced him, before holding out this unsta-
ble argument to the colonist, to have reminded him of the
fact, that very special circumstances, most favourable to
_ .

the developein, -tit of the timber consumption of Great
Britain. have been in operation since 1843. The pro-
gress of railway construction, the increased general pros-
perity of the country. and other concurrent causes
(amongst the rest the fact of the Baltic grower having

himself appropriated the remitted duty, and rendered his
timber comparatively dearer thrin Canadian) have sup-
ported the British grower in the competition to which the
measure of 1842 submitted him. Let these special cir-
cumstances cease to operate, and it is by no means a cer-
tainty that, even with his present protection, the Canadian
may not have a period of suffering befure him. Reduce
that protection, however, to 15s. from 245., its present
amoun', and the ruin of this branch of colonial industry

Brtiish manufactures. Under the proposed duty "(the
freight from the Baltic being about 17,.. per load against
38s. from British America) the Baltic grower will
have a protecting duty of six shillings per load (or the
difference of freight ( f 21s. less the duty of 155,) over the
9 Canadian ; and thug, if the quality of the aro

tor-
nished ua by the latter were as good and its cost as little
at Quebec as that of the former at Memel or Dantzic,
the trade must be a los'ng one and be abandoned. The
Colonist obviously cannot support himself with less than
21s. as the differential duty. even at the relative prices of
the different descriptions of timber in the _British market.

A HINT TO ALLoTTEss.—A well-known jonrneyman
tailor in Leicester (who, it is said, " mocks one" exceed-
ingly well), having been served with a writ by a bubble
company, whose "directors" had forgotten to reply to
his letter of application till their sharee were at d scount,
quietly packed up his sole worldly possessions—his goose,
needle, and thimble—and forwarded them by Pickford to
the secretary ! He also wrote a note, begging that the
"goose" might serve as the centre-dish at the next com-
mittee dinner, and that he might be invited to the feast,
to " see the last of his old friend."—Leicester Pa,

THE MODERN PILGRIM'S PROGRESS.
THE FRAGMENT OF A DREAM.
(From Blackwood's Magazine for May )
CHAPTER H.
How SCAPEGRACE, losing sight of PREMIUM, was mocked at
Vanity Fair.
And as they journeyed, methought the two men had
much conversation together.
" Now, neighbour Sc rpegrace," said Stagman, " if thou
wouldst sell this scrip of thine to advantage, we must be-
take ourselves to the great market at Vanity Fair, where
all the fools in the world be gathered together, and not a
few knaves besides. But the fair is a perfect maze, full
of blind alleys, courts, and winding passages, among the
which thou wouldst assuredly lose thy way if thou didst
enter them without a guide; and with such confusion of
wares in the shops and windows, that thou mights walk
about from morning to eventide without finding what
thou wert in search of. I remember me well, that when
I first resorted thither, 1 more than once went into the
wrong show, and bought many articles which turned out
naught. Therefore must we get Interpreter to go along
with us."
" Who is this same Interpreter ?" asked Scapegrace.
"Interpreter," answered Stagman, " is a stockbroker,
who knoweth all the ups and downs of the place, the
abodes of sellers and customers, and the booths where the
best bargains are to be had. He bath his living by di-
recting travellers through the Fair, and showing them
where to buy and sell to good purpose. For a small con-
sideration he will go along with us, and help us in this
bu-iness."
But Scapegrace, who bad waxed foolhardy, replied—
" Not so, friend Stagman. I fear not I shall find my way
easily enough through the Fair, and bring my hogs to a
good market without him, and save my money at the same
time. Already, methinks, I feel the burden at my back
lighter. Let us push on, I beseech thee, to our journey's
end."
" Neighbour Scapegrace," said Stagman, " thou art
somewhat rash in this matter, for Interpreter's fee is but
a trifle; and I can tell thee, that if by mischance thou
shouldst come to lose thy way in the Fair, thou mayst
chance to be very roughly handled. There is always a
scum of villains there on the outlook to decoy strangers,
and, if they will not consent to be cheated, to flout and
mock them with jibes and scurril jests. 'Twas but the
other day they put Truepenny into the STOCKS, and kept
him there till he thought he should never get out again ;
and he only did get out by parting with all the ready
money he had. I pray thee, neighbour, take warning,
and be advised."
As he spake, behold a third man came towards them
from behind, and shortly overtouk them.
" Whither ao fast, neighbours ?" said he.
" Nay, Mr. Littlefaith," we be all journeying, as I take
it, the same road. We are bound for Vanity Fair, and
!rota that little bundle which I see in thy hand, it should
seem thou art on the same errand. Is it not so ?"
" It is even so," said Littlefaith. " I would fain turn
a penny, like other men. Men say, in our village of
Lovegain, that my neighbours, Plausible, and Saveall, and
Worldly-wiseman, by their dealings at the fair have made
a mint of money ; and so would Obstinate, too, for that
matter, if be had nut asked too much for his wares, and
so lost his market, and retuned as he went. More fool
he ! I shall take the first good offer I get, I promise
you."
" Well, now," said Scapegrace, joining in their talk,
" since Littlefaith is going along with us to the Fair,
surely we can do without Interpreter. Come, pluck up a
good heart, and let us be jogging."
Then Stagman shook his bead, and said nothing; but
the three continued to walk on.
After a time said Stagman—" Since thou will not take
Interpreter with thee, there is but one further advice
which I can give. Not far from Vanity Fair, dwelleth a
certain man called PREMIUM ; but his house is not easily
found, for he liketh next door to Discount, and many
strangers, thinking to find the one, have landed at the
door of the other. In truth, it is said there is a passage
between their dwellings, and that the two play into each
other's hands; for oftentimes, when Premium see'th visi-
tors earning, and liketh not their look—for he is a shy
man, and easily frightened—he will disappear of a sudden,
and send Discount to (pen the door to them, and to say
he has gone out, and won't be home for a fortnight. This
man Premium is almost always to be found hankering
about the Fair; and so long as thou calla keep close upon
him, thou art sure to go right. Follow in the direction
he goeth : he will guide thee to a good customer ; but
having made thy market, bestir thytelf, and go thy way
quickly, lest evil overtake thee. But take care thou lose
not sight of the man, for he often vanis'neth when least
expected ; and shouldst thou fall into the hands of his
neighbour, who is ever close behind him, then wert thou
utterly undone."
And about mid-day, as they journeyed, they came in
sight of the Fair, which was of goodly extent, with many
lanes and alleys, through which great crowds were ever
moving, and the din and hubbub of their voices, as they
called out the names of their wares, was such, that at first
the pilgrims were mightily confused. Littlefaith spake
of turning back, but being encouraged of Stagman, he
took heart again, and went on.
And as they gazed about them, and marvelled at the
multitudes that were wandering up and down the rows,
Cheapening the wares, " Now we are in good luck," cried
Stagman ; " for yonder, on the outskirts of the market,
if I mistake not, is Mr. Premium. Let us step up boldly
to him at once and take his arm—for if we approach him
timidly, he will disappear under one of the booths incon-
tinently."
" But do you think we may venture?" said Littlefaith.
" Yea. verily," said Stagman ; so, hurrying up to him,
they laid hold of him gently, but with a firm grasp, and
saluted him. He was a portly person, attired in a gold-
coloured suit, and put on a smiling countenance when the
pilgrims laid hold of him ; but methought he looked about
him on every side to see whether he could dodge away, and
escape. Finding, however, that they clung to him tightly,
he made as if he were much pleased to meet them, and
returning their salutation—
" How now, old friend," said he to Stagman; what
wouldst thou have me to do ?"
" Only to show us through the Fair," said Stagman.
"These, my friends, are new to the place, and they would
fain know how to sell their wares to the best bidder. I
pray thee, go with us, for thou knowest all the outs and
ins of this Babel."
So, keeping fast hold of Mr. Premium's arm, they en-
tered the Fair ; and if at a distance they were confused
with the clamour and din of the crowd, they were beyond
measure astonished when they got into the thick of it.
Here was French row, Dutch row, Belgian row, Irish
row, English row, and Scotch row ; the chief crowd, how-
ever, was in the English row, which was so choked up at
times with buyers and sellers, that it was not possible to
move on at all. But as most people were glad to make
way for Premium, who was well known there and much
respected. the pilgrims got along the rows better than
they thought.
'• What will you buy, worthy gentlemen—what will you
buy ? exclaimed many voices as they passed."
Buy any Pensylvanians, gents ?" said a man in the raj..
merit of a Quaker.
" Heavy stock, heavy stock, Jonathan 1" cried an-
other.
" Buy my Mexicans—best Mexicans !" said a third.
" Would nut take a present of them gratis," cried a
fourth.
" Spanish three's reduced—who'll buy ?" said a fifth.
" Reduced to nothing," said a sixth.
" Portuguese deferred annuities ?" said a seventh.
" Deferred to the day of judgment," answered an eighth.
" Glenmutchkins—guaranteed stock, 5 premium, ex
d;v.' " said a mall.
"Won't do, Sauley, said a tenth—

," won't do at any

price."
And so on it went, all the dealers bawling and squab-
bling together, and trying to depreciate one another's
wares. _

But, in the meantime, a certain one came up to Little-
faith in the crow& and seeing him in company with Pre-
mium, he asked him if he were inclined to sell his scrip.
Whereupon Littlefaith, turning round, saw that it was
his old neighbour, Plausible, and answering, said, " 01 a
truth such was my errand hither, but what with the din
and bustle about we, I doubt I shall never pluck up heart

to find a purcbaser."
" I fear, neighbour Littlefaith," said Plausible, " thou
art in the right, and let me tell thee that same scrip of
thine is little in favour here ; howbeit, for the sake of old
acquaintance. I would not have thee return empty—l will
buy thy wares of thee. Thou canst not expect me much
profit, but here are twenty crowns, which will defray thy
travelling charges—and leave thee a something over be-
side. Mayhap I may be able some time or other to find
a purchaser. There is the money. Give me the scrip
quickly; for I see a certain friend of mine, Mr. By-ends,
who beckoneth to me, and cannot wait."

Then did Littlefaith take the crowns, and give unto
Plausible the scrip, which when he had put into his bosom.
he smiled and hastened away. When Littlefaith came
back to Stagman, he told him what he had done.

"Thou faint-hearted fool!" said Stagman, " knowest
thou not thy wares were well worth a hundred crowns,
which, I warrant thee, Plausible will make of th4m before
the market is over. Out upon thee for a crazed cox-
comb! get thee gone, and trouble us no more in this
matter." _ . .

" Better is a bird in the hand than two in the bush,"
said Littlefaith ; and so saying he departed.
But while Stagman was thus gibing Littlefaith for
throwing away his wares, suddenly Scapegrace uttered a

cry, and said—
" Mercy on us, what hath become of Mr. Premium !
I only turned my head for a moment to look at yonder
- the Grand Equatorial and Tropical Junc-
ipt his arm from mine, and I saw him

the serfs of the northern European counties, work for a
minimum amount of remuneration. Render their em- no " more."
!"
"
ployment unprofitable and they betake themselves at once Ob, woe is me cried Stagman ; what I foretold
to their farms ; their timber ceases to employ our ship has come
-q. our sailors, and their own saw-mills, and to pay for befall us."to pass, and now 1 tear a worse thing will yet
knd, as

tion, ak

s he spake, behold there drew near a lean and
ill favoured person clad in ragged and sad-coloured at-
tire, wht,se doublet was much out at the elbows, and who
looked ever towards the ground ; and no soonur did Stag-
man see him drawing nigh, than be threw his scrip on the
ground, and, hurrying through the crowd, he was seen no
more. Then I knew that the man's name was DISCOUNT.
And when the men of tl e Fair saw that l'remium was
gene, and that Stag wan had fled as Di-count drew nigh,
Ih-y seized upon Scapegrace, and began to flout him, at
first with fair words and pretences, but at last more rudely
and openly. " So, Mend !" cried one, " you will buy no-
thing of us, it teems? Mayhap you have something to
sell."

" I have in my scrip a few Eldorador, for which I ex-
pected a premium," answered Scapegrace.
"Don't you wish y-ou may get it ?" said the other sym-
pathetically.
" Does your mother," said a third, with a look of sym-
pathy—"} our venerable mother, know that you are abroad
at the Fair ?"
" Perfectly well," answered Scapegrace ; " it was mainly
in consequence of her pecuniary distress that I came
hitber."
net.. " Distress, indeed 1" answered the other; "thou

ouldst not have us believe that she has sold her
w angle yet ?"
" I said not that she had," replied scapegrace ; " but
she would gladly have parted with it if she could."
" How are you off for soap?" said another in a com-
passionate tone.
" Very indifferently friend," answered Scapegrace ;
" for my lodging has been but poorly supplied of late, and
I think of changing it."
" Lodging, quotha ! You shan't lodge here, Mr. Fer-
guson, I promise you."
" My name is not Ferguson," said Scapegrace meekly ;
" neither have I the least intention of lodging here."
" What a shocking bad hat !" cried a voice from be.
hind, and in a trice was Scapegrace's hat knocked over
his eyes, and hi 4 pockets turned inside out; but finding
nothing therein but scrip, they were enraged, and falling
upon Scapegrace, they kicked, and cuffed, and hustled him
up one row and down another, through this alley and across
that court, till at last, being tired of mocking him, they
cast him out of the Fair altogether, and shut the gate
against him.

SCENE IN THE IRISH HOUSE OF COMMONS
DURING THE DEBATE ON THE ACT OF

(From the Knight of Gwiinne.)

The individual whose address this long scene of tumult
had interrupted, was now suffered to proceed ; he was a
law-sergeant, a man of inferior capacity and small profes-
sional repute, whose advocacy of the government plan had
raised him to an unbecoming and dangerous eminence at
the bar. Without the slightest pretensions as a speaker,
or one quality that should adorn a statesman, he possessed
other gifts scarcely less' valuable at that day ; he was a
ready pistol, he came of a fighting family, not one of whom
did not owe some advancement in life to a cool hand and
a steady eye, and be occupied his place in the ministerial
van by virtue of this signal accomplishment. As incapa-
ble of feeling the keen sarcasm of his opponents as he
was of using a similar weapon, he was yet irascible from
temperament and overbearing in manner; and was used
by his party as men employ a tire-ship, with a strong con-
viction that it may damage more than the enemy.
To cover the deficiencies of his oratory as well as to add
poignancy to his personalities, it was the invariable cus-
tom of his friends to cheer him vociferously at the end of
every sentence which contained anything like attack on
the opposition, arid to this species of backing he was in-
debted for the courage that made him assail men incom-
parably above him in every quality of intellect.
Mr. Plunkett was now the object of his invective, nor
was the boldness of such a daring its least recommenda-
tion. Few of the government side of the house would
have adventured to cross weapons with this master of sar-
casm and irony, none but the Serjeant Nickolls could have
done so without a strong fear of the consequences. He,
however, was unconcerned for the result as it affected
himself personally, and as for the withering storm that
awaited him, the triple hide of his native dulness was an
armour of proof that nothing could penetrate. From
Plunkett he passed on to Bushe. from Bushe to Grattan ;
no game flew too high for his shafts, nor was any invective
coarse enough to level at the great leaders of the opposi-
tion. If the overbearing insolence of his harangue de-
lighted his own party, it called down peals of laughter
from his opponents, who cheered every figurative absur-
dity and every illogical conclusion with shouts of ironical
admiration.

Lord Castlereagh saw the mischief, and would gladly
have cut short the oration, but the speaker was revelling
in an imaginary victory, and would listen to no sugges-
tions whatever. Passing from the great names of the
Irish party, he launched forth in terms of insult towards
the county members, whom he openly accused of holding
their opinions under a mistaken hope that they were a
marketable commodity ; and that as some staunch adhe-
rents of the crown had reaped the honours due to " their
loyalty," these quasi patriots were only waiting for their
price. The allusion was so palpable, that every eye was
turned to where Hickman O'Reilly sat, and whose con-
fusion was now overwhelming. _

" Ay," continued the speaker, now carried beyond all
self-restraint by the evident sensation he had cause-d,
" there are gentlemen opposite whose confessions would
reveal much of this kind of independence. I have my eye
on some of them, men who will be patriots if they cannot
be peers, ready to put on the cat) of liberty for the Mob,
if they cannot get the coronet from the Cr iwn. Many,
too, are absent from this debate ; they stand out, perhaps,
for high terms ; they have got peerages for their wives,
and now, like a hackney coachman, not content with their
fare, they want something for themselves.' I heard of
two such a while ago, they even came as far as the lobby
of this house, there they halted and hesitated, a mitre, or
a regiment, a blue ribbon, or a red one, would have turned
the scale, perhaps. Why are they not here now, I ask,
what has become of them ?"

" Name ! name !" screamed the opposition, in a tor-
rent of mad excitement, while the government party, out.
rageous at the blundering folly of the whole harangue, en-
deavoured to pull the speaker back into his seat. Never
was such a scene, one party lashed to madness by sus-
pected treachery and open insult, the other indignant at
the stupidity of a man who, in his attempts at attack, bad
raked up every calumny against his own friends. Already
more than one hand was laid on his arms to press him
down into his seat, when he, with the obstinacy of tho-
rough dulness, shook himself free, and called out, " I'm
ready to name."
Again the cries of "Name!" were shouted, mingled
with no less vociferous cries of " No, no !" and the strug-
gle now had every appearance of a personal one, when
the speaker, calling to order, asked if it was the sense of
the house that the sergeant should give the names he al-
luded to. _ _

House to place. Daly under arrest, a measure which, how-
ever dictated by propriety, seemed to call forth a burst of
indignation from the Opposition benches. -

" I'll soon cut the matter short," called out the ser-
vant, in a voice that resounded through every corridor of
the house : " I mean the Knight of Gwynne and Bagenal
Daly."
A cry of " Order, order," now arose from all parts of
the house, the direct mention of any member by name be-
ing a liberty unprecedented.
I beg to correct myself,'•' said the serjeant ; " I should
have said the honourable members for Mayo and Old Cas-
tle—l ask again why are they not here?"
" Better you had never put the question !" said a deep
low voice from beneath the gallery, and at the same in-
stant Bagenal Daly advanced along one of the passages,
and took his place, directly in front of the Serjeant. A
tremendous cheer now broke from the Opposition benches,
which the Ministerial party in rain essayed to return.

" 1 perceive, sir," said the Serjeant, with an effort to
resume his former ease, " I perceive I have succeeded in
conjuring up one at least of those truant spirits, and I
cannot do better than leave him to make his explanations
to the House."
With this lame, disjointed conclusion, the learned Ser-
jeant sat down, and although the greatest exertions were
made by his friends to cover this palpable failure, the
cries of derision drowned all other sounds, and before they
were silenced, a shout of " Daly, Daly, Bagenal Daly,"
resounded through the building.
Daly arose slowly, and saluted the Speaker with a most
deferential courtesy. It was several minutes before the
tumult had sufficiently subsided to make his words aud-
ible. but when silence prevailed, he was heard to regret,
in terms of unaffected ease, that any circumstance might
occur which should occupy the time of the House by ob-
servations from one so rude and unlettered as himself,
nor would be now venture on the trespass were the occa-
sion merely a personal one. From this he proceeded to
state that great emergencies were always occurring, in
which even the humblest opinions should be made known
as evidencing the probable impressions upon ott.
lowly circumstanced as he who now addressed them.
Such is the present one," said he, raising hi• voice,
and looking around him with an air of bold defiance.
" You are about to take away the right of self-government
from a nation, and every man in the land, not only such
as sit here, sir, but every man to whose future ambition a
seat in this House may form a goal, every man, has a deep
interest in your proceedings. It is a ;pave and weighty
question, whose conditions impose the conviction that we
are unfit to legislate for ourselves, tint we are too weak,
or too venal, or too ignorant, or too dishonest. To that
conclusion you must come, or no other. Absence from
Ireland must suggest enlightenment on her interests; dis-
tance must lend knowledge as well as enchantment, or an
English parliament cannot he better than our own. I
have listened attentively, bat unconvinced, to a'l argu-
ments on this head ; I have heard over and over again,
the long catalogue of benefits to accrue to this countly,
when the power of realizing them herself has been arrested
from her, and I have thought of Lear and his daughters!
It would seem to me, however, that the social weltare and

hers, as

" I hope, sir, said Daly, rising with an alt of most
admirably.teigned humility, " I hope, sir, you Will not
execute this threat—the inconvenience to me will be very
great—l was about to pair off with the honourable and
learned member for Newry."
The menti:.n of the town for which the Serjeant sat in
Parliament renewed the laughter which now prevailed on
both sides of the House.

" I cannot understand the mirth of the gentlemen op-
posite," said Daly, with affected simplicity, " without it
be from their astonishment that the Government can
spare so able and so eloquent an advocate as the honour-
able and learned gentleman, bat let them reassure them-
selves and look around, and, believe me, they'll find the
Treasury benches filled by gentlemen as like him as pos-
sible." _ _ .

The Speaker reissued the order to the Serjeant-at-Arms,
and Daly now came forward to the table and begged in
all form to know the reason of such severity. " If, sir,"
said he, in conclusion, " if I could believe it possible that
you anticipate any personal collision between myself and
any member of this House, I have only to say, that I am
bound over in the sum of two thousand pounds, to keep
the peace within the limits of this Kingdom—l take out a
license at two pounds fifteen to kill game, it is true, but
I'd not pay sixpence for the privilege to shoot a lawyer."
The fact of the heavy recognizances to which Daly
alluded, was at once confirmed by several members, and
after a brief conversation with the Speaker, the matter
was dropped.
It was, as may be supposed. a considerable time before
the Debate could assume its due decorum and solemnity,
after an incident like this; for although hostile collisions
were neither few nor nnfrequent, an insult of so violent a
character had never before been witnessed.
At length, however, order was restored, and another
speaker addressed the House. All bad resumed its wonted
propriety, when a messenger delivered into Daly's hands
a small sealed note: he glanced at the contents and rose
immediately—Lord Castlereagh's quick eye caught the
motion, and he at once called on the Speaker to interfere.
" I have myself seen a letter conveyed to the hononrable
member's hands," said he ; " it requires no peculiar gift
of di,ination to guess the object."
" I will satisfy the noble Lord at once," said Daly ;
" there is the letter I have received—l pledge my word
of honour the subject is purely a private one, having no
reference, whatever, to anything that has pissed here.
He held out the letter as he spoke, hut Lord Castlereagh
declined to peruse it. and expressed his regret at having
made the remark. Daly bowed courteously to him and
left the House.

Mr. Wockhagenikdewegbitnigenstorben fell down stairs
the other day, and broke his name in three places.—
Boston Post.—And we think it was very cruel in you to
put such a name together again.—N. Y. Com. Adv.—
We didn't ; it was regularly set and splintered by an emi-
nent practitioner, who declared it to he a most beautiful
case of compound fracture.—Boston Post.
MANCHESTER OLD CHURCH.—The parish of Man-
chester is of very great extent, comprising not only the
whole of Manchester and Salford, but stretching for many
miles over the surrounding districts; the ecclesiastic ju-
risdiction of the collegiate church is, consequently. rery
considerable. Nor is it a vested power merely that it
exercises ; it possesses a vital, a sort of traditionary influ-
ence in church matters over the people, especially those
living in the more remote districts within the extensive
boundarii s of its right. Many of the common people
would almost consider a marriage solemnized in any other
than " th'owd church " invalid ; this feeling is especially
predominant among the country people, who, on occasi-
ons of christenings and marriages frock to its sacred porch.
to the total disregard of the numerous new churches, al-
though the latter be in their own immediate neighbour-
hood. It is not uncommon to see a country wedding
Party in all their finery, trolloping along the thronged and
frequently muddy streets of Manchester, headed by a fid-
dler, industriously plying his catgut, in spite of the fuller
but not legs discordant sounds which on every side prevail.
WILD- HONEY GATHERING.—WiId honey, or, as the
natives call it, " choogar bag," is collected by a small
stingless bee, not so large as the common fly. The honey-
nest is generally found at the gummit of remarkably high
trees. When the lynx-eyed native discovers it from below,
there he will stand, with his head up, making a dead
point at it until it is attained by his gin, who immediately
begins with a small tomahawk, and by a rapid action of
the wrist, to cut a notch in the hark of the tree, large
enough for her great toe to rest upon. Winding her left
arm round the body of the tree, she adroitly raises her-
self to this notch, and rests the ball of the great toe of
the right foot. She then cuts a notch above her head,
and qytickly ascends to this; so on in like manner until
she reaches the dizzy height to which she is directed from
below, exhibiting throughout the most astonishing stretch
and pliancy of limb, and the most wonderful absence of
all fear of danger. She recklessly advances towards the
extremity of a fragile bough which appears ready to break.
If she can reach the honey, she seizes it, and places it in
a sort of calabash slung round her neck, at the same time
holding her hatchet in her mouth. Where she finds it
impracticable to reach the honey, she cuts off the branch,
which, with its mellifluous appendage, falls to the ground
of her sable lord, who stand' below. The honey is of de-
licious flavour, after it has been carefully separated from
the comh,fthe cells of which are generally filled with small
flies. The natives, however, devour it just as they find
it, and are very fond even of the refuse comb, with which
they make their favourite beverage called " hull," and of
this they drink till they
become quite intoxicated.—
Brain's New South Wales.
ELEPHANT HUNTING : A DILEMMA —Major Roger,
had just had capital sport with a herd of elephants; his
fr.ur guns had all been discharged. when an elephant made
a charge at him from the skirts of the jungle; there was
no help for it except to run ; and for forty yards the
Major kept just ahead, feeling at every step the animal's
trunk trying to insinuate itself round his loins. A turn
round a tree gave a momentary advantage, which he made
the most of, by springing up into the branches (he was
nimble as a cat, and as strong as a lion) ; one foot higher,
and he would have been nut of the elephant's reach ; but
before he had time to draw up his lees, the elephant bad
got him firmly clenched in the coils of his proboscis; still
Rogers pulled against him, thinking it better to have his
leg wrenched from the socket than to fall hack bodily into
the animal's power. The struggle, however, did not last
long ; for, to the delight of the pursued and chagrin of
the pursuer, the 'Wellington boot which the former wore
slipped off. extricated the leg, and saved the life of poor
Rogers. The dilemma, however, did not end here ; for
the elephant finding himself baulked of his prey. after
destroying the boot, took up his quarters beneath the
branche'. and kept his anticipated victim in the tree for
twenty-four hours, when the tappal, or country postman,
happening to pass by, Rogers gave him notice of his po-
sition ; and on this being intimated to the nearest village,
the elephant was frightened away by tom-toms a'.d
yelling. Had this occurred in a deserted part of tl e
jangle, poor Rogers would indubitably have been starved
to death on the tree.—Sporting Magazine.
THE LATE MR. TEGG, THE PUBLI HER.--We copy
_ _

the commercial rrosprrity of a people, are themes too
vulgar to the high consideratipn of our times. The real
question at iskue is, not whether a Parliament should or
should not continue to sit here, but what shall 1 and
others like me benefit by voting it away for ever—"
Order—order," called out several voices.

But Daly resumed, " I ask pardon, it is more parlia-
mentary to put the case dill- rent ly, and I shall under cor-
rection do so. Well, sir, we may benefit largely. I trust
I am not disorderly lir saying that peerages, bishoprics,
regiments, frigates, commissionerships, and !leaven knows
what more, will reward us, when our utility to the State
has met the approve! of an Imperial Parliament. I can
well credit every promise of such gratitude, and have only
to ask in turn, are thestt the arguments that should sway
us now? is it because we are bungling legislators, that
they wi-h for us in London ? is it because we are venal,
they seek our company ? because we are inefficient, they
ask for our co-operation? Are they so supremely right-
minded, honourable, and far-seeing, that they need the
alloy of our dullness to make them mortal ? And suppose
such the case, will it be gratifying to us to become the
Helots to this people ? Will our national pride be flat-
tered, because our eloquence is sneered at, our law de-
rided, our politick knowledge a scoff, and our very accent
a joke. Do not tell me such things are unlikely ; we are
far weaker on the point than we like to coat ss. For my-
self, I can imagine the sense of shame, of deep, heartfelt,
sb4sing shame I should feel at seeing some of those I see
here. rise in the British House of Commons to address
that body, while the rumour should run, he is the mem-
ber for Aleath or for Wicklow. 1 can picture to myself
such a man ; a man of low origin and mean capacity—a
roan who carves his
path in life, less from his own keen
abilities, than that others shirk from his contract, and
leave him unopposed in every struggle, a pettyfogger at
'he bar, a place-hunter at the parliament, half beggar,
half bravo, with a petition for the minister, and a pistol
for the opposition. Imagine a man like this, and reflect
upon the !cellt g of every gentleman, at hearing the ru-
mour announce, • Ay. that'a a learned Serjeant, a leader
at the bar of Ireland.'"
Thr last words were delivered in a tine of direct per-
sonality, as turning towards where Nickolls sat, Daly
threw at him a look of defiance. The whole House
arose as if one man, with cheers and counter-cheers, and
loud yells of insult, mingled with cries of " Order ;" nor
was it till after a long and desperate wordy altercation,
the demonr was subdued, and decorum at length re-
stored. Then it was remarked that Nickolls had left the
H oats..
The Speaker immediately ordered the Serjeant of the