The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-06-01 00:00:00

conceited, haughtily-reserved American fillow
ller lion) Boston tended in nowise to raise them. As
slowly out of the Gate of San Giovanni, past

antique Roman ! excavated baker's tomb into the so.
Campagna, busy memory conjured up the painful
remembrance of joys departed, never to return. Adieu
to those Palace balls !—those sacred dramas of David
and Goliah--sthe Deluge, with Noah and his sons !—those
grand picturesque human tableaux ! those gorgeous pro-
cessions ! those solemn chantings ! those lively cafe con-
fabulations over Galignani's news !---we are, leaving Rome
for ever! "'Seine natural tears we dropped, but wiped

them soon : the world was all before us."
From Rome to Naples is but 152 miles, yet by Vettu-
rino, so slowly winding your way, it is equal to two or
three thousand miles by railway. In about three lours
we arrived at the height of Albano, 14 miles from Rome;
near this is the tomb of Ascanins or Clodius, with large

shrubs and Young trees growing out of its ruined walls,
and the mausoleum the sepulchre of the Curiatii. The
view from the terrace and height of Albano is surpassingly
'eautiful ; on the top of the bill is the castle Gondolfo.
"- kad just,time allowed us to walk down to the vast
This lake used to be occasionally, in ileaiy rains
or in the dissolving of the mountain snows, overflowed,
doing much injury to the surrounding cultivated grounds ;
but the ancient Romans constructed an emissario or sub-
terranean arched passage, one mile and a half long.
Through this emissario so large a mass of water flows oc-
casionally as to reduce the height in the lake, which is
five or six nines in circumference, seventeen feet. An-
other instance of Roman skill and power.

mn() iS

pompey's tomb, 45 feet square, and the ruins yet remain-
ing, about 90 feet high. It is built in three platforms or
stories, majdstic in -its decaying grandeur. Velletri has
several fountains, and a bronze statue to Pope Urban
VIII., by Bernini. The palace of Lancellotti is now an
inn. Here we saw the remains of a grand display 4.1114
pope's visit; triumphal arches, garlands, and coronals of
flowers and shrubs still ardorned the streets, churches,
and principal houses, and the road for a considerable dis-
tance was sttewed with fragrant shrubs and leaves. From
Velletri we reached through a pleasant country Torre de
tre Ponti. Mere commences the much-talked of, and
foolishly-dreaded Pontine marshes. Wearied with my
first day's 1,7 hours' ride, and occasional walks during
changeii of horses, I ate the welcome supper, enjoyed the
hle bed for only•the allowed six or seven hour:. and
at use a.m. entered the tit-tturino, but half-refreshed and

annoyed by rising at so unusual an early hour. I soon
found my cunning Bostonian had gone quietly down the
street while the horses were being put to, and got himself
a cup of coffee and some cigars to fortify himself against
the miasma of the marshes. , Not dreaming any house
would be open at so early a time of day, I proceeded, con-
trary to all rule, without any refreshment, the 25 miles of
marshy route.
These marshes are from six to twelve miles broad. If
we take the average at nine miles, there are 225 square
miles of this half-drained and halt-cultivated plat of land.
The Romans made over it the Via Appia, and attempted
to drain it. Many succeeding Roman Catholic pontiffs
have also tried, and Pius VI. and VII. cut many canals,
brought vast tracks into cultivation, constructed a new
covering to the antient Roman road, and the much
dreaded malific marshes appeared in many places to be
rich meadow land, cattle grazing in herds here and there.
The people were certainly pale and sickly-looking; one
sturdy fellow was, however, beating a pool of transparent
water lustily, to bring up leeches to carry to market.
Altogether, the ride was an anexceedingly pleasant one,
malgre the incessant cigar-smoker, and a Neapolitan wife
and child constantly sucking at a wine-bottle. In about
three hours we arrived at Terracina. I could but draw a
comparison between our pleasant ride along this excellent
road and the old mode, when travellers were drawn
slowly by mules along the canal that intersected the stag-
nant lake and marsh. A good breakfast awaited us at
Terracina, to which I did ample justice. This is the bor-
der town, last of the Roman, first of the Neapolitan
states, The cathedral contains a sarcophagus inscribed to
Theodoric, first king of Italy. The baldacchino is sup-
ported by four Parian marble Corinthian columns, taken
from the temple of Apollo, the ruins of which, and the
temple of Jupiter Anxur, as also the port of Antoninhs
Pius may be seen at Terracina. This town, so beautifully
situated, was called by the Volsci, Anxur, and by the
Greeks Trakina. I soon, in my perambulations, disco-
vered that the heights were crowned by some curious
arches, so determined to climb and inspect them. My
Yankee companion, however, tired halfway up, and re-
treated. I found 12 arches, 24 feet high by 12 broad, 61
paces in width, fronting the sea, which, with the town and
port, were at my feet. Wiping the perspiration from my
brow, I sat down among the masses of stones of the
arches, and pencilled this note :
"Dear C. R. Smith,* by permission.—From the heights
of Terracina I write this. The fires are not yet extinguished,
kindled here to greet the arrival of Pope Gregory XVI ;
the blue and boundless sea is before me ; in the distance
the mount of Circe ; a lovely bay, like that figured of
Naples. The grand and simple work of the Romans re-
main even here, and where are they not ? A bell now
rings pealing up the mountain from yonder cathedral,
which seems no larger.than a dove-cot. I wish you were
here to enjoy the solitude and grandeur of the scene ;
but, alas ! I am alone ; my only travelling companion has
forsaken me. Addio, cars amico !"

We arrived at Lago. di Fondi at 2 p.m. The antient
stones of the Via Appia were still the paving of the street
of this poor little town. It was plundered in 1534 by
Barbarossa, a painting of which adorns the Church of the
Annunciation. It is a beautiful coast, with the bays and
ports of Mola and Gaeta. The ruins of Cicero's villa, and
a monument upon the spot where he was overtaken and
murdered, stands as a landmark for the traveller's notice.
We slept at a delightful inn at Mola, the antient Formiee,
built by the Lacedemonians, containing now about 10,000
inhabitants. Up a mountainous ascent we passed through
the wild, savage, dirty town of Itri, amidst vast volcanic
remains. Then came we to another dirty town, called St.
Agata. The difference is marked, indeed, between the
Roman and Neapolitan states. Here, having passed from
the former, we soon discover the filth and vice of the lat-
ter. Pigs, with head-gear and harness, running about the
filthy streets like dogs ; girls, ten years of age, with no-
thing but one ragged chemise to hide their dirty naked-
ness with a dirtier covering ; old beldams cracking vermin
at their doors, and scratching themselves, by way of pas-
time, in the sun, make you walk quickly by them on tip-
toe. There is a curious tower here, the walls of an an-
cient theatre, and an octagonal altar fourfeet square ; and I
copied this inscription in this filthy town, which Dickens
designates, not inappropriately, a pig -stye near the castle:
IMP C,ESARI

CAROLO .V

SVLEMANO

TVRCORVM

REGE

PANONIA PVLSO

S VESSANI

We arrived on our third day's travel at Capua, by two
p.m. There is a cathedral here, with large silver-gilt
figures adorning the high altar. Capua is a large, but
thinly-populated town, giving indications of military oc-

cupaiio-n and strength ; but as we only stopped to re-fresh
ourselves and. horses here, a passing glance of its wide
empty streets was all we could obtain. The roads now
gave us symptoms of richer cultivation, more people,
horses, carriages, carts, &c. ; and the beautiful trellised
suspended vines gave richness and luxuriousness to the

scene. And now from an eminence we beheld the tower-
ing Vesuvius, with a light filmy cloud hanging over its }

-
apex ! The road from-Capua toNaples is by some con-
sidered the richest and most beautiful in Europe. About
a mile from the town are the ruins of ancient Capua, once
called a second Rome. The ruins of an amphitheatre,
and a triumphal arch, are all that now remain. Amidst
all the beauty of the road, and the novelty of the dresses
of the Neapolitans, how weary and jaded with heat, dust,
and fatigue, we entered the noisy, rattling, drumming-
and-fifing city of Naples ! After being jolted over miles
of streets and rough pavements, we were put down at the
New York Hotel, whither my Bostonian churl induced

my next chapter, premising that nee

os of s 1

VARIETIES

ONE OF THE LATEST.-'W

Tatefully than

1 Rome to &apl

I not J

The king of Ashantee is allowed by law 3
privilege of which every sable monarch of tht

id to avail himself. -
A PLEA FOR PLURAL

possessed by one cl

d make

Many rail at the numero

.spondent of the Manchester Guardian says, if

ar down the crevices and
, they would find

crickets would pour a little N
holes where they conceal themsel

DAY IN NEW YORK

The first of May ap-

pears to be a general day for tenants changing their
residences in New York. The New York Herald says
that on that day in this year, no fewer than five thousand
families quitted their houses, and calculates the expense
of such removals at upwards of

It has been very truly said by the late Dr. Arnold, in

correct -opinions upon all important subjects are a neces-
sa7.part of honesty iii all who will exercise themselves in

he whose religious opinions are not well defined and
cannot be regarded in the light of an honest public nlai_
PROTEST AGAINST THE IRISH POOR BILL.—We hays
seen a document thus headed in the columns of
our contemporaries, but not believing in the correctness

following, -which
Dissentient.-1.

some of

[ay be relied upon for its autlienticit
Because the law, giving to the dest

a claim for relief, encourages a n,
cif somebody to provide for them

and extravag

interference with national -habits cannot be desirable. 3.
Because the tendency of the bill is to increase the distress

the whole people. - -4. Be-cati;e the bill, having been
framed under an urgent necessity, was framed in a hurry;
and as nothing done in a hurry is done well, nothing ought
to be done when an urgent necessity demands it. 5.

Because it will ruin the independence of the poor in Ire-
land, by giving them something to depend upon. Radnor.
Monteagle of Brandon, Fitzwilliam.—Punch,

LORD A

SHLEY AND 'LORD JOHN RUSSEL

I should

weary you by a specific enumeration of the social ills that
beset our people, and of the remedies we propose for
them ; it: will, perhaps, be enough to say that public men

meta of mischief, believing that sufficient for the day.is
the evil thered; for then it at last appears before them
in all its gigantic proportions, and fills every one who
contemplates it with despair. Statesmen must learn to
search out these things, and nip them in the bud ; taking

as the- text for their policy and their eloquence a zeal for
the honour of God and a desire to do all imaginable good
to the children of men. 'Whether we have such ministers
at the present day, rulers of such a spirit and wisdom,
remains to be seen. I confess I am greatly disposed to
place much confidence in Lord John Russell (loud cheers),
and one or two of his colleagues. (Loud cheers.) He
has a fine understanding,'an honest, generous, and patri-
•• • . ••• • . • • • • - . •

or sAI-seeking, but because he has misapprehended the
sentiments of the country. (Lotid and continued chum)
—Lord Ashley's Speech at Bath.

A DAY IN THE EAST.—The= native of Damascus or
Beyront rises very early, in the morning, by five o'clock.

lip Christian, to his church. The Mahommedan must
pray seven times a-day ; a Christian three times—morn-
ing, evening, and at bed-time ; the proverb being " Al-
taktca taken ala alrezek "-- i.e., "Piety helps the liveli-
hood." They•drink their coffee, go to their business, go
home at noon to their meal ; they sit together, eat their
kebabs and rice grapes and figs, drink their sharbet, iced
water and coffee, take thtir siesta during the beat of the
day, go again to their business, andretUrn home by sun-
set

On his way home the father of the family brings the
mutton, the grapes, the figs, &c., in his basket or hand-
kerchief, 'and takes' his supper, his chief meal, sitting
cross-legged, with his wife and children round the table ;

God !" He takei his coffee, lights his pipe, and is satis-
fied if what he has earned that day sidlice for that day's
expense ; if not, he takes care that next day less expense
shall be incurred." He takes his children to walk at any
leizure time, and on festivals. If he is religious, he is
very devout ; and though his religion is not free from su-
perstition, it is free from infidelity.- If he makes money,
the first thing he does is to furnish his house with cFpets,
china, &c. He dresses his wife in cashmere shawls, jewels,
and gold pieces : he makes her his savings-bank, and from
her receives his property again, if he is in want of it, but
only in case of absolute necessity. He marries his son at
an early age, keeps him and his wife in his own house as
long as he can, and does not part from them till the other
sons are of an age to marry. The richest of the sons ge-
, nerally settles as near as possible to his parents' home;
' and thus the patriarch may be often seen with his children
and grandchildren ruuud

I LORD ASHLEY AND THE ENDOWMENT OF ROMANISM.
I—Turning to the other suggestion ,for the pacification of
Ireland, there are few of you, I suspect, who will not take
large exceptions to plans for encouraging the Roman Ca-
tholic religion (cheers), fostering—its colleges (cheers),
and endowing its priesthood. (Cheers.) Such measures
as these involve great concessions of principle without
any compensation or proportional benefit ; those who
argue them on the highest ground declare them to be sin-.
ful : those who assume the lower maintain that they are
useless in one respect and perilous in another. (Cheers.)
That they are useless as a means of conciliation is mani-
fest from the events of the last twenty years (loud cheers),
and especially in the late legislation for the College of
Maynooth. (Cheers.) The fact is, our statesmen lie '
under a grievous mistake ; they seek to govern the people
through the priests, whereas they should endeavour to
control the priests through the people. (Cheers.) De-
pend upon it, the difficulty is not in the Irish nation,
which is panting for spiritual emancipation ; but in the
sacerdotal and monkish orders (loud cheers), who, re-
versing the piety of Aaron, stood between the living and
the dead—the living word of God, and the dead congre-
gation. (Loud cheers.) Only protect life and limb, free
discussion and Irish Bibles, and you will soon cease to be
perplexed with inquiries how Ireland is to be governed.--
Great, glorious, and free,
First flower of the earth, and first gem of the sea."
—Lord Ashley's Speech at Bath.
THE REV. BAPTIST NOEL.—The evening I attended
St. John's Chapel, Bedford-row, Mr. Noel preached up-
on the kingdom given to the Son of Man. (Daniel vii.,
22.) He is certainly a most interesting and delightful
preacher; altogether extemporaneous; mild and per-
suasive in his manner, yet sufficiently impressive, and
sometimes powerful, having a very clear and consistent flow
of thought ; decidedly evangelical in doctrine, though less
deep and instructive in doctrine than I had expected.
His great beauty of appearance, his soft, and gentle,
and musical voice, and his dignity of manner in the pul-
pit, add also much to his power as a preacher. And with
the single exception which I have made—which to me is
not a small exception—he fulfilled all the expectations
which I had formed of him as a preacher, both from pre-
vious information and from his address on Friday evening.
There is no cause for wonder in the popularity of such a
man, so devoted, humble, and faithful, among all who
love the truth of the gospel. There is no clergyman in
London, I think, who has greater influence in the religi-
ous community, and certainly no one whose ministry and
character unite more valuable properties and qualifications.
In the afternoon I attended a church in the neighbour-
hood of my dwelling; a strange contrast indeed it was to
St. John's in everything but its equally unfurnished ap-
pearance, though it is a new church : a hundred poor
people, perhaps, were scattered over it, to listen to a ser-
mon absurdly written, above their comprehension in its
inflated style, and containing little indeed in sentiment
which could benefit them had it been far more simple. It
is a fact, in London and everywhere, that the preaching of
the gospel gathers a congregation and makes a full church,
and a veiled and darkened gospel empties it. And I re-
joice that it is so. It is one of the securities which God
has provided for the preaching of his truth ; against the
cold influence of mere formalism and self-righteousness in
the church. From this church I went unedified, except
in the increased delight with which I returned, for the
evening service at St. John's. Here, again, I was ani-
mated and refreshed by divine truth faithfully proclaimed.
Mr. Noel preached on the word of God, from Ephesians
vi., 17, a bold and most interesting exhibition of the im-
portance and influence of the Holy Scriptures to the Chris-
tian and the Church, with an especial reference to the
present efforts of the enemy to take from us the Bible,
and to substitute some invention of man in its place.
Like other evangelical brethren in England, he feels the
vast danger of this hostility or indifference to the word of
God, which the Oxford party have attempted so earnestly
and so secretly to spread abroad, and which you find
rather as the waters of a morass, than as the distinct
flowing of any one stream; and like many others whom I
heard afterwards, he lifted up his voice against them this
night with great solemnity. The audience was very large.
Every foot of room, from the outside step to the second
gallery, seemed to be occupied. ' And though he was
more than an hour in his sermon, the multitude stand-
ing throughout the chapel seemed unfatigued.—Dr. Tyng,
of New York.
LORD ASHBURTON AND THE CURRENCY BILL.—Lord
Ashburton has published a pamphlet on the financial and
commercial crisis from which the country is now suffering,
in which he plainly and unequivocally declares his opinion
that the Bank Charter Act of 1844 has proved a failure, and
that it would be difficult to form an estimate of the im-
mense losses, both of the Exchequer and of individuals,
which have ensued from its operation. With regard to
the operation of the existing law, Lord Ashburton ob-
serves, that as the amount of bank-notes must at all times
and under all circumstances be determined by the amount
of bullion in the Bank, the reduction of the issues, when
the necessity which the law determines shall arise, must
be effected by withdrawing accommodation to the mer-
chants or to the Government; in the one case by refusing
or diminishing discounts; or, in the other, by forcing
public securities upon the market, and this is to be pe-
remptorily persevered in without any discretionary power
to the directors to act according to peculiar circumstances,
although it is well known by practical men that very sel-
dom two conditions of the money market exactly resem-
ble each other, and consequently require the same treat-
ment. This, indeed, is the palpable evil of the existing
laws—an evil upon which we have so often insisted, that
it leaves no power or opportunity for relief in peculiar
cases of emergency,—that it is liable to such cases of trial
as were foreseen by the bankers of London when they ad-
dressed their letter of warning and remonstrance to the
Government in 1844—a warning which the Minister, in
the absurdity of his vain reliance upon the perfection of
his own abstract theories, deliberately refused to listen to.
And now, when events have proved the apprehensions ex-

pressed in 1844 to have been well-founded, and proved it
as plainly as ever any theory or fact was proved by expe-
rience, the obstinate projectors of 1844 still cling to their

maintained," says Lord Ashburton, "in the house Of
Commons, by the leaders of both parties, and their nume-

for the cause

of our difficulties, the last charter of the-bank, with its
whimsical restrictions and provisions, was an act of abso-
lute wisdom; and if it be hinted that it has failed upon the
very first experiment, the answer is ready which, during
nearly half a century, that I have now watched these
questions, has invariably been given by every successive
Minister, that the stupid Bank Directors—those scape-
goats so conveniently at hand—have spoiled the wisdom

of the Legislature. But the promoters of this measure
have disentitled themseves to even this excuse, for they
maintained that such was its perfect machinerythat. it

defied all mismanagement or neglect. Former difficulties
had had their source in the incapacity of Bank directors,
but such were to be no longer possible. It is, however,
fair to add that this error was not confined to statesmen,
but was common to some highly respectable authorities in
the City, where, indeed, the scheme is said to have origi-
nated. Now, my object in ar---,rinv '

.g before the public is
to endeavour to maintain, with as few words as the case
will permit, the opinion I gave when the Charter Act was
before the House of Lords, that the expectations enter-
tained of this infallible panacea were unfounded—that it

would only work in fair weather, when restrictions of all
sorts are inoperative and immaterial—that it could not fail
to break down under the first difficulty—and that it is in
fact a serious aggravation, if not indeed the actual cause
of the distresses we now experience." This is indeed
strong testimony, but it is a true testimony, the truth of
which too many of our countrymen bitterly experience.