The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1836-10-21 00:00:00

THE L"RI3OOL STANDAttb.

Oi.lYi.. lcCerdirtg to the number of ittoes the offence shalt have the question of "teethes or Ad leather." On the division, there
o'clock,
h' crre I ohb cey ke lieu tee, tinted, except where it nay be. necessary on Dock appeared. fifteen for ," guee and sufficient reins," and eighteen
,t
-own council re -assembled on Wentiesday at twelve Quans.-27. Persteis drawing- timber without having a person foe " leather." • • - .
lfaowr
st.he yurpose of proceedinn with. the consideration of above 18 years old to guide the hind wheels, is liable to simi- ,- T!ie MAYOR said, "it stands leather, gentlemen." (Laugh-
Flee attendance was limited. lar penalties.-28. Persons permitting goods to remain in the ter.)
Mr.-Fitem thought te that the driver of a coach should lie put streets‘. longer than necessary for housing, liable to penalties of i That if any person code or drove any horse, or drove atiV cart
on an even footine with his piesseneer, and that a special bye- 46' (7'l" sse and 11)3
law should b' a •- • . ~ according to the number of times of of- lor oilier, carriage, in any of-the streets whilst- in a state 'of in-
toxication, or should ride or drive the same furiously, he should
The Towe passe..., empowering him to summon the paesen- • s , • ,
gar should he 'attempt to evade the pay
his fare.. . fence.
29th bye-law prohibiting persons from placing lines across ' forfeit for the first offence 10s., for the second 205., and for the
the streets for drying clothes, or hang,ine clothes to be dried in third 40e. , Agreed to.
[V-CLERK said the driver had his remedy by an ap- '
peal to the magistrates. the streets under penaltv.of 2s. 6d., the first offence, 55., the sea- That if any pereons being the driver of any coach, or having
oi d and lOs. every subsequent offence, gave rise to considerable : care of any 'cattle- in the streets, should through wantonness or
Mr. Sto st; said this was not enough, as, if a fine was imposed '
discussion. - wilfulness endanger the property of any person, or any persorrs,
0,140 n the canteen for improper conduct, the passenger should
likewise be 'subject to it if lie behaved improperly: Mr. EvAtes hoped this law would not be construed to affect ;•' he shall fOrfeit ss. for the first offence, 40s. for the second, and
the small streets, back courts, &c.., in which the inhabit nets get 120 s. for the third.' Agreed to.
The TOWN-CLERK said that parliament had enacted that fines, '
might be recovered with costa in the proper court. It would'be their livelihood by washing. If so, great injury would be done • ' That if any driver of any. cart, timber-cart, quitted the same
absurd to ass a bye-law, seeing that the artiament had leeis- without any public utility. ' within the borough, or let it so that he could not have the diree-
lated othe •• ' . P '-. Mr. SHEEL proposed that the law should only apply to large won of the horses, he shnuld incur a penalty, fdr the first offence,
n subject. When a hue was imposed on the carman, streets and great thoroughfares. of 55., for the second 10s., and for the third 20s. Agreed to.
it was for extortion or improper conduct. The Tows-CLERK said that that the health of the inhabitants That if any person should drive any cart not having the
Mr. BOLTON considered a carman entitled to compensation of these back streets should be considered. name painted accordinsgto law, and made legible thereon, or
for time lost in preferring a complaint, as the costs weremerely • Mr. SHIE L-Cleanliness promotes health.
'sufficient to cover his legal expenses.Or should refuse to tell and make known his name, his' sir-
- Mr. RATIIBONE said that medical men had given it as their name, and place of abente, he should forfeit for the first offence
After a few words from Messrs. Robinson, Shiel, Evans, and opinion that the drying of clothes in these courts was productive 55., for the second 10s., and for the third 20s.
the Town-clerk, in which it was stated that few attempts were of much fever and sickness. • After a short discussion the penalty was raised to 10s. for the
ever niacle to evade the paymnent of a fine, and that the magis-
.tiateesMr. BOLTON remarked that if the poor were prevented dry- first offence, 20s. for the second, and 40ss for the third. -•
had no power to eompensate any complainantfor loss of ing-their clothes in' the courts, they would do so within their That if the driver of any coach or any cart should not con-
'nm, the bye-law was refered back to the committee. for their houses, which would be much more likely to produce fever and stantly keep the same on the left'side of the road, except in
reconsideration, with a view to meet theobjections to it. ill health. cases when he should have to pass any' other carriage, or from
The Town-mean then said that the bye-laws about to be
considered would affect the parliamentary borough; whereas The law was then agreed to, 'it being argued that the cases
actual necessity or some sufficient reason for deviation, every
should only apply to thoroughfares, provided no obstruction or P
those discussed previousP governed the old
on the day merely . danger were caused by the lines. ersoneo offending, shall forfeit for the first offence 2s. 61, for
• the second ss. and for the third 10s.
,
bitorough. As there were not two-thirds of the council present,
would be impossible to pass them, but they might ,be gooe The 30th bye-law was then read and agreed to. It provides The Towle-cattle esaid, thnt of course this bye-law would
that persons offering cattle (specifying them by name,) for sale IIPPlY• to private cdrrieges as well as to those plying for hire.
throughmyreeesteiog and agreed to at that time, and passed_ at another in the streets, or showing any stallion or exhibiting any public Mr, Councillor CoGLAN wished' to know why a carter, if. no
show, shall be subject to fines increasing from 2s. 61., 55.,
en masse, when the legal number of councillors. was •carrias,ie suns coming; should not choose vstrich ever side of the
nt.These bye-laws were taken from an act of parliamet .to 10s., according to the number of times the offence is commit- eoad he pleased. The road might be good on one side and not
obtained in 1825 by the late corporatinn, and it was merely test.on the othes.
proposed to extend them with various modifications to the new 111 i. EAOLE did see the Giraffe specified amongst the cat-parts of the body, . Ile. - (Laughter.) - The MAYOR said that if there was no person near uo one
' could lay aninformation in such a case.
The first bye-law* prohibiting persons, from making fires in a
buildings orsheds covered with boards or timber, under a penal 7 .. The MA ecni.-The Giraffe is il'i a 'liaise, I saw it this morn- • '-' The TowN-ct.Ea said there was an exception if there was
an . . .any actual necessity, or some sufficient reason for such devia-
ovrtas,tst.bfesibr trheeadfirasotdoaffpeporcoev.oldo.s. the second, end 40s: the !hie 'g -
t This bye-law well as those from 31 to 34 were then assreed to. tine, and the objection stated would be a sufficient reason.
Their substance is as follow :-31. Persons drawing wheelban;
rows, &c., ou footways, except in crossing, or carrying thereon Mr. Councillor JAMES LAWRENCE said that it would be irn-,
inirobweasreeeboo.nossleb-law prohibiting persons from' hoisting goodsstance,
to pass up'' the left side of Parliament-street for in-
ane bulky article, ladder, carcase, &c., to forfeit the sum of 2s. stance. - .
s without proper tackle, under a penalty of lOs.
thefirst offence, 20s. a second, and £5 a third, having been. 6d. for the first offence, ss. the second, and 10s. the third offence.
read, . . .
--32. Persons leaving 'goods &e. on footways, or placing awn- The snIA viers said, if it were " impossible" that would 'be
quite " a sufficient reason."-Agreed to.
Mr. EA REF wished that it should be made imperative to use • •
sings across, unless at eight feet high, to be subject to the. sarnehim n e
of
fully
if any person should in any, manner wronefully or wil-
chains round casks, for the purpose of hoisting. forfeitures.-33. Persons faetening, any horse or cattle so as to natty prevent any other person frompassing in any the
41911 r. BROWN contended that ropes were preferable to chains, stand across the footway; to be subject to penalties of 5e.,.105., ;streets, &c., or prevent or interrupt a free passage of any horse,
being safer. • .. - - and 20s. for suceessive•repetitions of the offence.-31- Persons &es, in-any of the streets, &c., he should incur a penalty of se.
' wilfully riding or driving any horse or-cattle 'along:footways, to
M . EARLE merely alluded to the employment of can-hooks.for the firet offence, 10s. for the second, and 20s. for the third.
Mr. BROWN said it would be a great hardship to compenmer- -be tined in like manner iu successive penalties of 2s. 6d 5- -Agreed to: - • .
•, eo
-thaws to hoist firkins of butter. with slings, • and 10s. That if any owner of any cart should not have sufficient
. -
On the 35th bye-law tieing xessel, which provides- that person
Mr. E&RLR intended Iris-remarks to apply to hogsheads „of ,sideboards or tail-boards to their carts, well secured together to
sue '
ear, which frequently fell Whilst beingboisted. - allowing goods exposed for sale to project over footpaths, under Prevent the rattling, they should forfeit for the first offence
' penalties a- s in the prior law.
The TowenCLEex said that the-niegistrates would b s the Lest ; 2s. 61, foe the second 55., for the third 10s.-Agreed to.
judges of the suffieiencv of the tackle. • Mr. FRANCIS JORDAN hoped that butchers might be corn That if any person should drive any horse, ass, or mule draw-
judges
Mr SHIEL.-Not without the tackle and hogsheads were pelted to keep their ,neat within their windows. He had noticed in any call, timber carriage, dray, or waggon at any faster
girt into court.' ( Laughter.) Can-honks were very bad, in Mill-street, a botcher's- shop where the carcase .Projected se- rate than the common walk, and if the driver should not be con-
Mr , JOHN CROPPER argued that rope slings were much better .neral inches into the street. It was an injury to the corporation stantly attending upon his horses, he should incur a penalty of
calculated for the purposes of hoisting than canhooks or for if butchers were not allowed to expose their meat in the ss. for the (-leen offence, 10s. for the second, and 20s. fur the third.'
chains. '
Mr- ETRE-EvANs could not help asking where they were to The MAYOR said if no obstruction were caused, there would That if any owner or driver of any cart should allow it to re-
ttoltif they meddled with.mattets of this naturee• :Ile had never be no need'of legislation. The bye-law was then agreed to. • main in the streets during the night time, he should incur a
known 'a cask of sugar to fall upon any body's. head. More . The 36th, bye-lew was then read, which provided that occu- _penalty of as. forthe first effence, 10s. for the second, and 20s.
accidents would, he was convinced, arise in a given time from
ct hhaatn piers or, owners of premises not causing the footways adjoining for the third.-Agreed to. ~
the use of ropes, than from can hooks besides a great deal he- to be cleaned every morning within time ; and the dirt left clear SLAUGHTER HOUSES.
inn added to the expense of porterage. He could not think of the Water channel, under the penalty of 2s. The TOWN-CLERK said he ought to mention that the slaughter-
inn added
one would pass under a hogshead of sugar whilst it Mr: BOLTON thought three times a week was often enoneh for houses in the new parts of the borough were nut under the be-
ams being hoisted, and as it would only tall perpendicularly, the the footpaths to he swept by the inhabitants, as the flagging" nefit of their local acts. The council ought to legislate on this
was in such excellent condition. • subject independetatly of any thing applicable to the' old ho-
of accident would be very. .trifling; whereas the ex-
pense to commerce would be very great. • Mr. ItensieoNe proposed that the inhabitants be not corn- rough. The present bye-laws were taken from bye-laws which
On the motion of Mr. BeteeroN, the bye-law was agreed to as pelted to clean the footpaths, paying such high rates as they do had been enforced in the old borough.
it stood. for scavenging. That the keeper or occupier 'of' every slaughter-house within
„The third bye-law.making occupiers of warehouses responsis Mn. JOHN H omens denied that a high rate had been levied the borough should cause the same to be well and sufficiently
"le in penalties of 205., 405., ani.l' £5, for the-first, second, or for the purpose of.scavenging the town. The highest rate ever ventilated, se as at all times to admit the air, end also eause the
third time they allow goods to be hoisted innordelivered out of made was £2OOO a-year. same to.be well whitewashed four times a yean; and any keeper
• Mr EloriE seconded Mr. Rathbone's proposition.
warehouses without proper tackle, was readsnd agreed to. or occupier of any slaughter-hetise who should neglect so to do,
The fourth bye-law relative to nuisance in streets, and to It, being, however, stated that the scavenging act did not ap- he should forfeit 10s. for the first offence, '2os. for the second,
persons throwing or leaving offensive matter triton, or contig,u- ply to the out-townships, the bye-law Was agreed to unanimously, and 40s. for the third.-Agreed to. •
if)118 to the street, under enalties of 55., 10s., and 40s.efor the with this alteration suggested by Mr. Morecroft, that no stated That the keeper or occupier of any such slaughter-house
Irst, second, and, third times of offending, was then read and times should be ,fixed for the cleansing of the footpaths; but should cause all the offal cc be put into tubs or other vessels pro-
discussed. ' that it should be imperative on the inhabitants, under the pe- perly constructed, and removed or carried away twice in each
Mr. SHIEL said that by this law there was hardly a house in natty of 2s. 6d., to keep the footpaths well and sufficiently week, on Tuesdays and Fridays, from Lady Day to Michael-
the town which would not be fined. All the houses in Great cleansed. mas,day, and once in each weekfrom Michaelmas-day to Lade-
- - The remainder of this series of bye-laws were agreed to with- day, and that the removals should take place in the.night; arid
George's-square would be subject to it if they threw orange
peel into their gardens, their gardens being within ten feet from out discussion, excepting one, namely, the •46th, which occa- that they should also in each week have the slaughter-houses
a public hack street.
stoned' considerable discussion as to the amount of the penalty, thoroughly cleaned; and that no blood should be put in the
The MAYOR said that this byelaw was not newly being
framed, several members, of the council for low fines, and others the tubs in which the offal or garbage should be put; and
but taken from the act of parliament obtained by the late cog- for high ones; the letter were resolved upon. . that no blood should be allowed to run in the streets under a
poration. The following is the' substance of these bye-laws t-37. .Per' penalty of 10s. for the first offence, 20s. for the second, and 40s.
Mr. JORDAN said the practice 'of throwing orange peel on sons pasting hills after notice from the occupiers, penalty 2s. 6d., for the third.-Agreed to.
the pavement 'could not be - too severely- reprobated or fined. 55., and 10s., in the succession before alluded to.-persons Mr. Alderman STUART enquired if any one was appointed
One person of his acquaintance was obliged to have his legnsin- exposing their persons to be fined £5.-39. Perions selling in- to see this law attended to.
putated after..four years of great suffering, in consequence of decent prints, &c., or writing obscene figures or words on any The MAYOR replied that the leave looker was appointed for
stumbling over one; and another individual• lost his life in a wall, &c.; penalty 10s., 205., and 405., in manner aforesaid.- that purpose.
similar manner. 40. Persons using indecent anguage, to the-annoyance of any The TowN-ceEnn said, that before the leave looker could be
The MAYOR said the law could never be rendered effective, person passing along the streets ; penalty es., ion, and 20, , ac_ appointed, it would require an act of Parliament to extend their
unless carts went round as- in London, to receive the ashes, cordipg to the nuMber Of times of the committal of the offe•nee, power 'to the new borough• That the keeper, or occupier 01.
&c. from the inhabitants-, as there were- many poor persons who -41. _Persons engaged in; or abetting prize fights, &e. ; penalty any slaughterhouse, should cause all manure to be removed
had no other means of disposing of them, except by throwing lOso 20s• or Vs.? in like dnanner•-42. Persons abetting don nom the slaughter-house once isi the week, onTuesday,. during
them into the street. •fighting, ,&c., or baiting any animal; penalty 2s. 6d., 55., and the six summer months, and, once a fortnight from the lston
The law was then referred back to the committee for revision. 10s., in same manner.-43. Persons wantonly abusing anv ;horse October to May, and that if any keeper, or occupier should re-
, The fifth bye-law was then read,• carter
to persons retnov- or other cattle, dog or cat ,• penalty ese los., or 20,,, according fuse, he shall 'near a
.Penalty of of 10s. for the first offence,
ho night soil or other offensive matter, to do so between the' to times ofttle,
offence.-44. Persons playing foot_ball or throwing 20s. for the second, and Vs. for the third.-Agreed to.
rs of twelve at night and -five or seven in the morning, at stones, or playing at pitch and toss.; penalty ns. 61, on, or lene, .. That no keeper. or Occupier, should build, or suffer any privy
different periods of the year, (but not to extend to stable according to times of offence.-4n. person, letting off 'garb' to built, in, or near any slaughter-house, nor should any keeper
manure,) under increasing penalties of 2s. 6d., 55., and 10s., on .r Making bonfires in the streets; similar penalty,--46. or occupier, suffer any pig to be fed, or kept near any such
repetition of the offence.. •' • ' ' Butchers or other persons exposing for sale unsound meat 'or slaughter-house, under a penalty of 10s. fur the first offence,
Mr. PReerE complained that this lastewould be a great hard- provisions; 55., 205., and £5., penalties according to times of 20s. for the second and'for the thirst rms.-Agreed
ship to farmers and inhabitants of isolated houses- inthe out-- offence. The meat-in such cases be seined and destroeed by the ' That no keeper or -occupier of any slaughter-house, shall
townships, as interfering with their arrangements and security, mayor.-47. Persons keeping cook Shops open between the suffer anY dog to he kept in any slaughter-house, without being
A few words were spoken by Messrs.. Brown, Ilebinson, boors of midnight and five in the morning; penalty 55.; /os.or chained or lestened, so as. t prevent its obstructing a proper
Hope, and the Mayor, to the effect that the out township 205.-48. Persons keeping cook shops, and harbouring prosti- inspection of the same; under a penalty of 10s. for the first
would be materially benefitted by the enactment and that there totes; penalty sso 10s., or 20s.e-49. Persons shaking or. dusting offenne 20s. forth e second, and 40s. for the third.
were very few farmers in them; after which, the law was unani- carpetserugs, foot bears, or. any other , thing after the hour of Mr. 'Alderman RitowN suggested that the word " yard"
inctusly agreed to. eight o'clock in the morning ; penalty 2s. 6d. = should be inserted, a slaughter house might be so placed that
The 6th, 7th, Bth, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, and 14th laws The penalties in the abbeelaws are of three degrees of mag- thinspeetor could not get in, if a dog were kept in the yard.
Were agreed to without discussion. . nitude, for the first, second, or subsequent times of offence ; but, .Agreed to.
The 6th law compels persons removing night soil, offal, or except in flagrant instances of repeated misconduct, the lowest ,That if any keeper or occunier of any slaughter-house, should
other offensive matter, to so in carriages with proper .flash penalty will only be exacted. There is; no Power of mitigation not cause .a copy of these bye laws, so far ; as. they relate to
boards, under penalties of 2s. 6d., 55., and 10s., on repetition of in the magistrates-. . slaughter-houses, to he fixed up in his slaughter-souse, he
the offence. ' -
The 7th law inflicts
.penalties of 2s. 6d., 55., and 10s., accord- eleven on-Wedneiday. ' for-
,the third 40s.
ingtodhe number of tones of repetition, on persons negligently The TowN-ceno-tre said they would be furnished with bye-
. -
dropning night soil in the streets. ' WEDNESDAY. laws, properly signed, provided that these present bye-laws
The.Bth.law provides, that persons shall cleanse places where-should not exieod to prevent the killing of cattle, contrary to
The Council met by adjournment this morning at 11 o'cleck.
The TOWN-CLERK then proceeded to read a continuation of an act passed in the sixth year of the reign of his late Majesty
on night soil may have been placed or spilled for the purpose of
removal, under increasing penalties of 2s. 6d., 55., and 10s.George 111.-Agreed to.
the bye laws, of which we give abstracts.
The first bye law provided that any one who should' pull ', . ,
The 9th law provides, that persons permitting erocious dogs
. . HACKNEY•COACHES.
to be at large utimUzzled or. any dogs to go at large after pub- down, obliterate, or destroy, the name of any street, square, ' The 3 OWN-cLERK said, having gone through the general
nye-laws, he might as well take the direction of the councillor
court, or lane, &c., or any number of any house, warehouie
lie notice, shall be subject to increasing penalties of 55., 10s., ~
building, shop, &c.. painted thereon, should forfeit, for' the first one or two points relating to hackney coaches.
and 40s.The first was as to the number •of passengernto be
if conveyed
required,
. offence, 10s., for - the second, 205., and for any subsequent of-
The 10th law provides, that persons leaving open
,coverings
to cellars, &c., after sunset, without a light, shall be subject to fence, 40s. Agreed to, and recommitted. in a coach. •On conferring with the Clerk of the Magistrates,
.inereneing penalties of 10s 20a and 40s. ' ..
-, -9 -If any beasts,. swine, or cattle be found wandering about the the proper number for a coach to take, without additional fare,
The 11th law provides, that persons not sufficiently fastening streets, & within, ihe borough,. the owner shall forfeit, or pay was.agreed to be four passengers in the inside and one on the
ceyeeiugs to cellars, shall' he subject to increasing penalties of a fine of 2s, 6d., for the first offence, ss. for the second, and box ; in a chariot, three persons inside and one on the box ; in
10s., 205., and £5. • . 10s. for the third. Agreed to. a car, four persons inside and one on the box. It had been
. The 12th law provides, that persons putting flower-pots in i That if any person should have any sign-post, &c. over- suggested that every coach or car should be obliged,
upper windows, without guards, shall be subject to increasing hanging any of the streets, which should be insufficiently se- to carry six passengers, receiving fur each additional passenger
penalties of 55., 1 and 20s. .cure, or. which shall otherwise be a common nuisance, he shall sixpence, or if the fare exceeded three shilliugs, sixpence for
The 13th low provides, that. persona killing or dressing cattle forfeit for the first offence, 55., for the second, 10s., and 'for every every three shilling additional fare. Hitherto. the understand-
in the'streets, or permitting any offensive matter to -rots from a succeeding offence, 20s. Agreed to.
That if- any occupier of any house, &c., shall suffer any
elaughter-house, butcher's, or fishmonger's shop, shall be sub-be paid, but on conferring with .the Magistrates' Clerks, it
iect to increasing penalties of 55., 10e., and 20ss water to be conveyed otherwise than by pipes, down the sides seemed but fair and reasonable that, as the fare increased, the
that six passengers .*Ould be
of his house, &ce. he shall forfeit, for the firseoffence, 55., for
The 14th law was then read. prohibiting persons from wash
the second, lOs., and for the third, £5. Agreed to.
ins or repairing carriages in the streets, except in cases of acct- additional
alderman
shouldoßEN N increase.tbought
dent. This law gave rise to much discussion. • That if any person should take down, or begin to takedown, any tiro er,p'" et a load for one horse; he would not give the driver the
Mr. LOGAN said, that carriages might be washed in the streets house, or other building whatsoever, in the borough, and should P
Without inconvenience prior to eight in the morning. not erect i proper fence around it, to guard the house, building, the •pubbe could protect
Mr. Aldermen FitErnE thought _ being them= P' Mr.
of carrying six with one, horse. . . .
Mir. SorEL said, that the streets were intended for the accome foundation, or rubbish, such as should be necessary for' the put:- selves, but he ought to protect the horses trope over-
modation of passengers, and not for' the washing of carriages- lie safety, and cause the same to be lighted at night to prevent loaded. theyns opinion four inside a car was quite eriougl.r.
The council should sanction no nuisance. • accidents, he shall be subject to a penalty for the first offence id not
Mr. RATUBONE contended, that it would be a case of great of lose, for the second, 20s and for ar .: offence 40s•
' extend to legislating on cruelty to animals. • .
~ r
- The 'FoNVIYLEILK said their power nnder the local act d
hardship if persoiss of lintited means were subject to this re- Mr. Alderman STUADT:;uggested subsequentthataside path should be
After along-conversation, the bye-law was again recommit-
striction.formed along side such fences erected. • Led. Another point war, that if the owner ,of a coach shoold
Mr. LOGAN said, that Mr. Ripley was fined on this account; 'Ordered to bean instruction to the committee, and•
agreed to.seven days of demand, he should forfeit.
his coach-house was too limited to allow him to wash his car- That if through necessity, otherwise, ' • upon demand, within.
, _
not disclose or make known the name of the driver of his coach
or any stones, or bricks,
rhige. • Mr. Hall upon his conviction had told him, that the or other thing .be laid, or placed,_ or ,any htillow, opening, or and pay such sum as they should fit.
, _
carriage should be washed before eight in the morning, excavation, made in any of the, streets, within the borough, the
Mr, JOHN HoemEs said, that the proprietors of coaches were person or persons causing such articles to be laid; should cause suAffilcrietntOuticillor Intact' thought three days would be quite
continually in the habit of washing their coaches in the street, a proper and sufficient light to be fixed upon the place, or ou, Ordered to be an instruction to the committee. :, . ,.. 1
and that complaints were frequently made of the nuisence. or near the same, during the night: The same to. remain fenced' CARTS PLYING FOR HIRE. • •
Mr. BARcLAT remarked, then. there was not one coach-house or enclosed till such hollow or excavation be filled. up. In de
If ten large enough for the purposes of washing coaches in. fault to forfeit, for the first offence, 10s for the second 20s and same ehackney- - -
~ The
fo'ortoi wo
iN
a- cs lEitte sai de thatb
ic.sa rv,t.sith plyingroe a 1
dfotrohtibree
ositdo stood
borough,
theob
Mr. EARLE said, that- the washing of Mr. Wainwright's for the third, 40s. • . ..' . r
coaches inNewington.bridge, and those of Mr• Garner, at the Mr. Aldermen FREtiE thought that the fine ought to be highs pl fi
)a,
teoarr
hire -s) sy nas ;li theke kept t
ahoi sdcsa,ryti 1 outhtil otfbteh eo
oldld
borough, be
ha
on
.dwdai
Was not
"rill oo tt*
:bottom of Knight_street, would occasion a nuisance even before for the first offence as a person might suffer serious injury from subject to these bye-laws; but if the cart were kept within the
eight o'clock in the morning, in consequence of those streets neglect. He. should propose that the fine for a first offence be old borough, or ply for hire within the old borough, then their
being such great thoroughfares. • • twenty shillings. isdiction over the cart would extend throughout the old bo-
. Mr. ETRE EvANs said, that if carriages were allowed to be The Town-CLERK said, a person suffering such places to re- he case of hackne --
evaehed in the streets, provided they caused no • obstruction, the main unguarded might be indicted criminally, if any serious coaches, the magistrates would have the- power mitigating
the penalty to one half.
owner would take advantage of this permission, and the streets accident occurred, and that would be most likely resorted to. -rough, and eight suttee around it, and as in t
of ),
day of ' - nexteevery such
I. Thaarom and after the •
would be crowded with carriages, being washed in consequence Mr. Councillor BOLTON thought the fine had better remain
of the difficulty of proving an obstruction. as it was. When an accident occurred it was almost always lov the said '
Mr. Slum, said, that they had to deal with the town as it was from inadvertency. - Ifthey
imposed a high fine it would not.be plying for hire, shall be licensed, as require _ . last in
laury waggon, timber-carriage, dray, cart, or like canine
already built, and as the coach-houses were too small for the. enforced. . . •
purpose of washing coaches in; and again, the interest of pas- Mr. Councillor Silted. had an subjection to a small fine being twenty-four hours after obtaining/ the 1. , icence for such laury.:
part recited Act, and the owner or owners thereof shall, within
severs were to be attended to, therefore, he theught the best inflicted.. It might costa mail inesuch case less, to pay a small
mode of providing for both these difficulties, would be to'in-, fine and leave the materials there, that} it would 1 .
cost um to his or their name or names, and place or p
void:
conductor i h
t wari
.-elude in the bye-law a provision by which carriages might be, remove them. waggon, timber-carriage, dray, cart, or likelaccaersromfgueb,o,rieog,,isatieidr
such licence, with the Clerk of the Peace for the.seid,B. Borough;:
;.;
washed in the street, from ten o'clock at night until seven in' The MAYOR would observe, in answer to what Mr. Bolton otherwise the said licence shall be absolutely
the morning, provided no obstruction were thereby caused• • had remarked, that if an accident were.to occur the injury to and after the day of next, the driver
Mr. BLACKBURN thought that a distinction might be made, the public was as great from inadvertency as flomelesign. •
evith respect to certain streets. The penalty was then fixed at 20s: for a first offence; 40s.' for elivkeeryeaTrciahgleTstiarl d by the same Act,
. .
Mr. BROWN was opposed to this.' • , the second; and £5 for the third, and the Bye-law was agreed to. under the penalty of 2s, 6d. for carts weighine
o '2O cwt. and-up-
* The bye-law was then recommitted for•reVision with respect That if any person should damage
~ , or destroy anyof the
e;abgegolnic,otoi,nendie, r-ocsarrreigarr,ed. ray, earn or other
wards,ri band Is. 6cl. if that weidght..ti.
to this objection. ' ' ' • . .
plants In any of the present or future public gardens they --e ateeery sue
.1 wet ornon ue o. S his
name
and
The 15th, 16th, 17113, 18th, 19th, and 20th, bye-laws were should forfeit for the;first offence 55., for the second,lo;., and -age :11(1181.ft hin tYs'ent;
four hours after obtaining his. liceese, register ns
'then read and agreed to without discussion. for the third 20s. place of eloide, and his license, with the cielle
The follov • • •bsolutely vow.
Persons•
ying Is the substance :-15tle bye-law. using - Mr. Alderman BARCLAY, thought that the gardens of private the said borough; otherwise hielicense shall ne ab .
forges, ttin
shall preveut the light from Ahining.into the street, with- individuals facing the streets
.ought to be protected in the saute M Councillor JAMES LAWRENCE said it would epu g
in one half 11 f
our a ter sunset, under the increasing penalty of - thee.ic to a great inconvenience to make them license every
2s• (id
•., Bs., and 10s., for each successive offence.-16th bye-law, . -carter. The man might be taken ill and they would have to
Persons shall not- cut timber, or • leave heavy . articles in the of the peace.nf
license his substitute.
street, excepting materials for any building, under the increasing
penalties of 5s , 10s., and 20s. for each successive offence. The 'his said the act of parliament obliged every
,
17th bye-la * Persons not immediately housing fuel, shall driver to be lieensetLe , •
..be subject wtO the increasing fines of 2s. 6(1., 55., and lOsn'for d
errlelsd.e
bnyl
the es trot
'atiastirecteass.° of
each successive offence.-18th bye-law. Persons- shoeing In.
fine ofThennown-CLERK said it would be proper to meke an
farryi very
nte any horses & • instruction to the committee to define'what were cases of nen
or cleaning 0 ,e. in the streets, (accidents excepted)
23.
go dressing* any horse, shall' forfeit the increasingnecessity would -always be
of 2s, 2s. 6d.cessity.-Agreed to.
nen; sosnesates.l.l.o3.,. for each successive offence.-19th .
bye-law. s 3. That every such owner employing, as any such driver or
of ann dwelling
sitting lime in the streets, shall pay a fine
for the first
successive offence.-20th
59., and offence, ss. the second, and 10s. for every
bve-law. Persons burning rags with- of the said act, shall have been deprived of his licence, or whose.
conductor, any person unlicensed, or who, under the provisions
in 100 vards licence shall be suspended; shall forfeit and pay the tine or sup
house, shall pap a fine of 2s. 6d of 405., and for every second or other subsequent offence, sl-
•, according ~
'The 21st bye-law was nto the number of times of offending.- leged and proved as suchnthe fine or sum of £5.-Agreed to.
as then
ins swine styes to the read, by its provisions, persons keep- 4. That upon any owner or owners ceasing to use ann laury,
any dwelling house, front of the street, or keeping swine in waggon, timber-carriage, dray, cart, or other like carriage, to
&c
of 55., 10s., and 40 ' are made subject to increasing penalties ply for hire, or selling or disposing of the same, the licence for
, for each
Mr. RATHnoNE asked* s successive offence. such carriage shall end and be determined, and the same shall
to apply to the keepers of vhether this bye law could not be made be delivered up. by such owner or owners to the clerk of the
Were inconvenienced. swine in courts, where the neighbours peace under the penalty of 40s.
. - The Tow,N-ct.Eak said, he 5. That deny driver or conductor shall cease to act as such'
the subject, and he found that had taken counsel's opinion on or be deprived of his license or his license shall be suspended'
1
'private nuisances.. at they could .
not preside against he shall deliver his license into the hands of the Clerk of the
Mr. BARCLAY asked how Peace, under the penalty of forty shillings.
termined. a common •
nuisance was to be de- Mr. Councillor -Hour thought' the penalty foe high.
Mr. lioniNsoN by its bad smell. laugh) • The TOWN-CLERK said it might be a reference to the cOtinci
The bye-law was then agreed to (a
The `22(1 bye-law prohibiting without alteration. After some further conversation the council adjourned at
. .
carriages
nin the streets, under persons from leaving carts or o'clock to 11 o'clock this morniug.
e increasing fines of 2s. 6d.

TOWN COUNCIL PROCEEDINGS

way.
j The TOWN-CLERK Edld they had the malicious trespass act
for their protection, on bringing offenders b.,fore the magistrates.
—Agreed to.
That if any person or
.persons should cause 'to be erected
hereafter any windmills in any of the streets, court S,- or lanes,
°of the town, or continue any such windmills, every such person
erecting a windmill should forfeit 20s. for the first offence, 40s.
for the second, and £5 for the third, for every seven days after
any prior offence.—Agreed to.
That if any master or keeper of any machine used for the
purpose of ascertaining weights, by 'reason whereof the true
weight of any article shoal(' not be ascertained"; or if the owner
or driver of any cart should place any article about such cart,
or carriage,- or of ,any such engine, or be gnilty of any con
vance for obtaining. any fraudulent weight, every such person
so offending should pay-20s. for the first Offence, 40s. for the
second, and £5 for the third.—Agreed to.
That if any person shall wilfully set on fire, or cause to be set
on fire, any chimney within the borough, he shall incur a
penalty, for the first offence '10s:, for the Second 205., and for the
third 40s. ; or if any person shall negligently suffer any chimney
to take.fire, he shall pay for the first offence 2s. 6d., for the
second 55., and for the third 10s.—Agreed to.
The TowN-CLEIIK said that the next byelaw relating to drains
frcm gas works, was not necessary in
to the new
old b bb
orou rough
h. : there
Was a law to that effect which applied the g
The TowN-ct.Etix then said the bye-laws which were now
about to be submitted to the council, were under different cir-
cumstances, to the others; they were taken from the general
-highway act. That act was enforced in the new borough, and
not in the old borough. •
vided, that the name and number should
The first Bye-law p ro
be painted conspicuously on carts. Penalty for the first offence
2s. 6d., for the second 55., for the third 10s.
The TOWN
carts said that hitherto this law had only been
applicable to carts plying fur hire,"but it was noW'made gene-
rally applicable to all carts. Agreedto.
That if the driver of any cart, dray, or waggon, should not
have some person on toot or horseback to drive his team through
the streets, &c., and should not have "good and sufficient"
leather reins to his horse, he should forfeit for the {list offence
55., for the second 105.., and for the third 20s; - This law 'Would
also apply generally to all carts. , • _
Mr Alderman FitEME thought that there was no necessity for
the reins to be, made of leat her, he thought gocid rope would do,
and that the words " good and itifEeient" reins were quite
enough. Some of the poor carters could not afford leather
reins.
After rather an amusing discussion the Council divided on

55., and 10s., for each successive offence las titgen read.
Mr. RAWDON wished to know how this bye-law would effect
market carts.
The Towl4-CLERK replied, that the councilrpehasde
of
poweram toa kueste
any part of the streets and squares for the
purpose
They might take Abereromby-square if they chose, without
being liable to be indicted for a nuisance.
' The 22nd bve-law was then agreed to, as were the succeeding
ones to 28, without alteration.
• The following is their substanoe :-23. Persons not placing
ns,;carriages close to the side, whilst taking up passengers or load-
ing goods, to be liable to penalties increasing from 2s. 6(1. 5, ,
and,los., according to the number of times of offence —24. Per-
sons leaving carriages, trucks, &c., on the footpaths or crossings,
liable to similar penalties.-25. Persons placing carriages, across
the street so that no room is left for carriages to pass, liable to
the same penalties.-26. Persons drawing weighty articles
except on proper wheeled carriages, liable to penalties of ss. 10s:

----........-_-_—.------....
How To MAKE A Nnw SEIIMON.--A Welsh curate, having
preached several sermons which were considered superior tithis I
own powers of coniposition, was asked by
.a friend, how he 1
managed?, •He replied, " Do you see, I have got:a volume ,of
sermons by one Archbishop Tillotson; and a 'very good 'hook it
is; so I translate one of-these sermons- into Welsh;
back again into English;and then
know it again."
George, who was alWays ..
SIMMONS AND COOKE.—George Frederick Cooke wati, in one
gaiilltirilihpitcli Satan
ken himselfi
i:
ci uuwr,o
on":
errriti
of his Mad 1000.1 s, annoved;byrabdrunken soldier, who professed
to have- been Cooke's comrade when he (C.) was in the army..
hint to be quiet, and added ri,threat of knocking him down it he
disobeyed ; the soldier was not quiet, and down he went. Poor
Cooke was hauled off to the 'guard.-room, and little Simmons
' ran to Ica Mr. Harris that the tragedian was in custody. "In
'custody ! -what4for ?" cried 1-I.—" Keeping a 'ca'e. still, lir "
inz • , ,
replied Simmons.
. - • .

• TO MR. SMITH, WEST DERBY-STREET.
SHttl,—l have just read your letter to the Rev. H. M`Neile,
which appeared in the Albibn yesterday, in which you find great
fault with the sermon that tht"rev,:gentleman addressed to the
members of "The Church of England Benefit Society." That
sermon I believe, at the request of ',the society; Will shortly-be
published. The public will then have au opportunity of judg-
ing of its 'excellency, and of the justice of your remarks. I
think they will 'come to the conclusion that you are a very in- ,
competent judge of sermons This is the conclusion that I have
arrived at from reading your wonderful letter. lam perfectly
at a loss' to determine which is the • greatest, your ignordnce or
your impudence. • It is quite evident that you are not wanting in .
either. If your letter had not made its appearance we should
not have known what a judicious critic you are.
' When you come to St. Jude's again I hope, for your own sake,
you will conie-for a very different purpose. ri hope you will
come to worship God, and sit as a little child, to-be instructed by
Our niost excellent pastor, and not to criticise his talents or
sermon, for I can assure von that that requires far superior qua-
lifications than you possess.—Yours, Sze.,
A MEMBER OF ST. JUDE'S.

Liverpool, October 18th, 1836.

LECTURE ON OPTICS-MECHANICS' INSTITUTION.

On Wednesday evening, Mr. Addams delivered the fifth lee•
Lure of his course to a numerous audience.
In order to make a thoroughly good and complete telescope,
we must be intimately acquainted with the various foci at
which light is refracted, and the forms of lenses, in the mi-
nutest detail. The perfection of the telescope. or microscope
will very much depend upon the quantity of light that can be
admitted, so as to fall upon the place where the image will be
repeated. It we augment the, diatneter of the great glass of
the telescope we shall be compelled to use a very long, unwieldy,
arid, perhaps, unmanageable tube, so that we are restricted in
thd"sizteof the object, because a large glass will require a large
tube. There j 5 unequal refraction in different parts of a lens.
The principal focus of a lens is at an equal distance front the
centre of toe ,glass as the I adius its curvature. This applies to
crown gloss only—with other kinds of glass and substances we
shell find a considerable difference. All the rays, however, will
not Concentrate- tille-foctisesorne fall short of it and others
exceed it, fur a lens may be regarded as being made of a tri-
angular prism, which revolves round a central point. This
difference in the focus of the different rays increases with the
thiekriess of the • lens, This phenomenon is 'called spherical
anerrie ion—the wandering of tae rays in passing through and
not meeting at the •one principal point. As spherical aberra
Lion increases with time thickoesteof the glass, it follows that
the object glasses of telescopes will be deteriorated as they in-
crease in thickness, uutil at length we shotild see nothing thrimgh
them This spherical aberration will vary according to the kind
of a lens which is turned towards an object, • A plano-chnvex
lens will,eruduce considerably, less aberration if its convex sur-
face be turned towards the rays of light, than if its flat side
were, therefore, wherever this descriptionof a lens is used, care
should be taken to arrange it in that manner. In the telescor
the convex surface is directed from the eye, and in the micro-
scope towards it, those being the respective directions in which
the 'rays of light fail on these instruments.
When lenses of telescopes ate made of glass alone, they are
called refracting telescopes, but we can produce telescopes with
reflecting lenses as well as with retracting once, and they are
thertecmilied 'refleetine telescopesealthougfe refracting lenses
should be used in their construction. If a mirror he held
up beforC a distant tower we- should have an image of a tower
formed to-sr us. Telescopes are constructed on this principle
with Mirrors. One of the most celebrated is the great Gre-
gorian teteeeope consisting of two polished mirrors (conitAesed
of specula metal) mind two lenses. The rays of the object are
reflected freer a lergerlens upon a smaller one, plicedopposite
to its centre, and by that' through a hole in the centre of the
largenmirroteethrOnkli a 'double - convex glasS to the eye glass.
It might he seppoSed that the rays of -nit object would be inter-
cepted or distorted by the' small mirror in the centre, but the
only difference is, as reneeeked in the last lecture, In the in-
teneity -of -the light. In. Herschel's gigantic telescope there is
hut one mirror, and the spectator is obliged to turn his back
towards the object when he views it. The reflector is four feet
in diameter, and the image is thrown hack to the mouth of the
tube, to which a small sliding tube is connected, so as to bear
urn the image. 'All reflebtors hove spherical Aberration. The
pa ab lie reflector is the best form fur telescopes, and the ellip-
tic-:l one for microscopes, in which act rors may also be advan-
tageously used.
We require some additions, to telescopes and microscopes to
enable us to measurethe length of a mite or the diameter of
the situ, morl,. '&.c. • These additions .to It e jnstrument, when
made fur accurate purposes, are called micrometers. A micro-
meter for the micreecepe will vary very touch. A plate of OAS%
has three divisiOns• upon it, rack divided into very tine lines, ex-
ceedingly near together. Itm one division they are the one-
hundredth of an. biter asunder, in another one-five-hundredth;
and in a third one thousandth. These lines are drawn hyena-
chines for .the purpose. The lioeS are intersected at right
angles by an equal number of lines. This micrometer is put at
the focal distance of the glass, at the place where the image of
time mite is formed, and then the lines will be, magnified in the
seine .proportion a' the tillage. Suppose, then, that the image
should occupy the length between any two lines, and suppose
thete Hoes are-the one hundredth of an inch in width, we say
at. once that the creature is one-hundredth of an inch long, and
so on. With telescopes we want to measure the diameter of an
heavenly body, and it requires very nice management in order
tei do so. In adiltion to the telescope, a micrometer is ap-
plied which can be thrust through the eye part, and placed in
the focal point of the eye glass. It consists of three wires, two
of which are parallel and 'twee, arid the other et right angles to
them and a fixture. The screws which regulate the motion of
these wires have very tine threads, perferming twenty revolu-
tions;in one inch. The head of the screw is likewise divided
into I2o.dote or equal parts, so that we have the means of di-
viding one itch into 2400 parts, and by a careful use of the in-
strument we may bring a star's disc within the wires, and in
that manner determine its diameter.
%Viten an aperture is made in the shutter of a window, and
the light reflected from trees and other external scenery is al-
lowed to pass through it totem a dark room, pictures of the dif-
ferent bodies without will he found upon the walls of the room.
This produces a earners obscure in the most simple way. If
there are two apertures in the shutter two. sets of images
will
be produced, if three an equal number, and so on. • But if- the
aperture orerpertures be large, the effect will not be produced.
By the application of this, somewhat artificially, they have pro-
duced a species of amusement at Vauxhall Gardens and other
places, by means Of a number of lights pieced on a hoop or
stick, and varied iu position, which is productive of consider-
able laughter. The bent from these sources is directed through
pieces of card. cut in different fantastic forms, representing
Harlequin dancing, and by the moving about of the lights
the figures are made to change their position, and dance along
iu a merry manner. (1 his, Mr. Addenis illustrated by•a minia-
tere 'model, which excited much merriment and epplause.) In
the camera obscure which was exhibited to the public on
George's Pier, the opening was nmeeeble, so as to-command a
view of any part of the surrounding scenery. By means of a mir-
ror and .rt lens ell of this scenery was thrown down upon a table
of plaster of Paris, where a distinct picture of all that was
passing and repaseing might be clearly seen.
'The catnera !tickle is an instrument by which we can produce,
in a small box, a miniature picture af surrounding scenery,
so
as to enable an artist readily to copy it. (Mr. Addams exhibited
a pretty model of time instrument.) The optical paradox is an
instrument of amusement, inasmuch as it would appear by its
metins Ilea a person was able to see through his own hand or
any other opaque body. The manner in which it is contrived
consists in placing small Mirrors :it angles of 45° in four differ-
ent corners, by which means the rays of light, are compelled to
traverse the three sides of a square-in their passage from the
luminary to the'eye. if a mirror he compounded, in its surface,
of a curve and to straight line or of two curves, then it will dis,
tort all regular ("mums and restore distorted ones to their proper
appearance. ( Mr. Addams exhibited a cylindrical mirror of
this shape, as well Jae a 'number of anamorphose or. distorted
pictures, which it restored to their proper forms.) The ka-
leidoscope is composed of two plates of glass enclosed in a
eneuter, which form an allele with each other in the centre.
'lf the angle be 609 :any object will present FOC distinct bodies
similarly to-ranged. Dr; Brewster made a' fortune by the in-
vention, but it is Singular hotieithstatediog it is one of the most
'beatitiful toys ie existence, that. it renotined hut a few months
in demand, and then ceased to he an object of attention. (Mr.
Addams concluded- en excellent lecture by exhibiting and ex-
plaining-the sextant and magic lantern, the latter of which lie
illustrated with several painted pictures or phantasmagoria,
which were productive of 'omit latighter.)
In Mr. Addains's lecture on Saturday evening, the prismatic
decompositipp of white light into coloured rays will he ex-
plained, as well as the solar spectrhoi, and the unequal
illumin-
ating, calirific, chemical and electrical, blowers of the coloured
the cilperbton of, light by- prisms and lenses,
rays—the rainbow,
atiul:ehe achromatic and eplanatic lenses for telescopes and mi
'rcscopes.

Dr. Leach,•the professor of natural history in the British
museum, has died of cholera at Genoa, after an illness of seven
hours. He had arrived from Malta, on his way to Rome.
OPIiNING OF THE BAPTIST CHAPEL, BURT.—On Sunday
last, the new Baptist Chapel, lately erected-in Freetown, Bury,
was,tipened for.diyine worship; the Rev. J. Kershaw, of Roch-
dale ;.and the Rev. Win: Gadsby, of Manchester, officiated on
the occasion. The chapel was crowded to excess; and we un-
derstand thet.upwards Of £BO was contributed towards its erec-
.tion.-.--polton Chronicle.
. DAVIS' STRAITS FISHERY.--The. _Clarendon, Kerr, arrived
at Aberdeen, brings the following unfavourable accounts of the
.whale - fists, y :—William Lee, Parker, 1 fish; Norfolk,-Har-
rison, I fish ; Clarendon, Kerr, 1 fish,ls tuns ; Advice, I fish,
very small ; Princess Charlotte, '2 fish; ,St. Andrew's, Bruce,
1 fish; Eclipse; 3-Gish, 50 tuns • Superior, I fish. Twenty-two
ships were to the north, and had not been seen since the 20th of
August, ail the rest were down to the south, and were all well
from the 15th to the 17th of September, the date the Clarendon
left.

COMER VATINE MEETING AT BANDIUDGE.—A very numer
ons meeting of Conservatives of the county of Down was held
in the Assembly-rOoms of Banbridge on Wednesday, when a
" Conservative Registry Association" for that county was foam-
ed. Mr. James Reilly, of Scarya-house, presided, and the meet-
ing, was addissed by several of the gentry and clergy resident
", the neighboui hood. The 'proceedings occupied nearly five
columns of the Newry Telegraph. The meeting was held in
consequence of the establishment of a " Liberal Registry Asso-
ciation" M Baillitidge some weeks since by Mr. Sharman Ci aw-
ford; and othei—tninisterialists residing; in that part of Down-
shire.,
EMIGRANT ACTORS.—Arnerita has a powerful company of
FngliSh perfortners, including, amid many others, the well-
known names of Booth, James Wallack, C. E. Horn, DOWtOD,
Keeley, Power, BallS, Abbot, 'C. and John Mason, Decamp,
Hamblin, •HUnt, Latharn, Mitchell, Fredericks, Mrs. Tertian
(late.Miss,Jarman), Mrs. Keeley, Miss Phillips (from Drury),
Miss
,Geotge Miss Lydia "Kelly, Mrs. Watson (late Miss
Wells), Miis)Watson, Miss Mason, Mrs. Hemblin (late Miss
Blauchsrd), and to these will shortly be added Ellen Tree.—
Sun
. .
PETER DENs.—We.give the following statement, supported
by the strongest possible evidence, as one instance out of many
that have come to our knowledge, in pFoof of a spirit of awaken-
ed attention and reflection on the subject of religion amongst
Roman catholics.. A Roman catholic gentleman having a
pamphlet lately published, containing literal extracts from Dens'
theology, shocked with the rules for confession, acharac tead the ernesqui.e
put-by the priests. to females of every rank and rsolved on ascertaining if those rides were still followed, and
those queries still used in the confessional.
haulHe,soemnly re-
quired from his wife an answer to the question—" such que-
ries been:ever urged on her at confession?" She declined an-
swering,
till he assured her that their happiness depended on
her candour. She then acknowledged that the queries which
he read trnm Dens, were. used in the confessional. On this dis-
covery, the gentleman declared that while he had no. intention
of renouncing his religion, he mast forbid her ever again going
to confession, and declared that should she neglect his injunction,
he must consider their marriage compact dissolved. On the
future consequences of this step, we shall not now speculate,
but we sincerely hope they may be such as shall promote both
the temporal.. and eternal .happiness of tha
Record.