The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1840-06-16 00:00:00

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50 feet 9in "es.
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Contains 3141 square jrds.
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67 feet 5 inches.

Lancelot's-hey.
MITE above valuable Piece of BUILDING LAND,
Freeetipld of Inheritance, to be SOLD, by PRIVATE
TREATY.
Apply to Mr. H. J. WEUSTER, G, Rumford-street.

RIMBAU.II.—A great improvement, it is said, has been
effected in the manufacture of ginger beer, by boiling rhu-
barb, and extracting the juice, which is superior to cream of

It appears that the emissaries of the Pope are about to
build a cathedral for the diocese of Ardagh. The first stone
of the new mass-house was laid with all ceremony a few days

THE HAY SEASON.—No one remembers so early a hay
season as the present in these parts. The grass is fast coming
to maturity, and here and there cutting has commenced.—

Lancaster Gazette,

We understand that Pevensey, in Sussex, has been fixed
on by the Naval Commission for a harbour of refuge for the
southern coast.—Railway Magazine.
The hatters, linen drapers, hosiers, and lacemen, at Leeds,
have resolved to close their shops throughout the year at

eleven o'clock on Saturday nights.
We have met with worse jokes than the following, which
we find in La France:—" Prince Louis Napoleon (says our
waggish contemporary) has written to the Prince de J oinville,
proposing to accompany his royal highness to St. Helena!"
In consequence of the early season, Mr. Ward, of Rich-
mond, has growing in his garden, abundant crops of cherries,
strawberries, and new potatoes, quite ripe, and a very pro-
ductive crop of apples, which are three inches in circumfer-
ence.—Leeds Intelligencer.

A few weeks ago, Mr. W. Vickers, of Lower Hardres, who
has attained the age of 98 years, made within 12 days 100 fag-
gots, and dug 1200 hills of hops within one week. We trust
the veteran of the fields only labours for his amusement.—
Canterbury Journal.

An Irish peasant peasant on a small ragged pony was floundering
through a bog, when the animal in its efforts to push on, got
one of its hoofs in the stirrup : "..krrah," said the rider, "my
boy, if you are going to get up, it is time for me to get
down."

--
The recent publications of the last division of the report of
the charities commissioners closes an inquiry which has oc-
cupied upwards of 20 years, and cost the country at the least
£200,000. It is supposed that the total annual income of
endowed charities amounts to neariy £3,500,000.
The Dublin Evening Packet of Thursday says, that in
consequence of the letter of the Count de Salls, read by
O'Ccuuell the other day at the repeal association, Lord Eb-
rington has ordered his countship to be superseded as a
deputy-lieutentant of Armagh. Why is not O'Connell struck
off the commission of the peace if this be true ?

AN ANTE-DILUVIAN CIIILD. A fossil skeleton of a
child between five and six months' old, has been found in a
quarry near Brussels. The bones were converted into silex,
which struck fire with steel. The head, shoulders, throat,
and belly were perfect. and the neck exhibited evident traces
of muscles. A fossil cocoa-nut, quite perfect, was found by
the side of the child.

THE WEATHER.—During the week the weather has been
delightfully warm and genial. Vegetation of every kind is
in a very forward state, and should the season continue open
and fine, there can be no doubt but that we shall be blessed
with an abundant harvest. The farmers at the market on

Saturday last, gave us most glowing descriptions of the ap-
pearance of the corn crops. Of garden produce of every
description our last market exhibited a profuse supply.—
Preston Chronicle.

SHOPKEEPERS OF BAGDAT.—Perhaps the tradesmen at

Bagdat are surpassed by none in the east, excepting possibly
their neighbours, the Persians. No one at a glance can de-
tect the " weak points" of a customer better. We will sup-
pose a passer-by (not a novice, but one who has had cons►-
derable experience in such matters) sauntering along—a car-
pet catches his eye, he approaches, and becomes desirous of
purchasing it. The price is demanded in a careless tone.
" Sixty dollars" is the reply. " Sixty dollars !" with a start
of surprise or a sneer. " You 'must mean ten." It is now
the seller's turn to express astonishment. " Mashallah !"
exclaims he, shrugging his shoulders, and elevating his eye-
brows, but pausing a little—" you shall have it for fifty"
then then forty—thirty—No! the would-be purchaser quits the
shop, but before he has proceeded ten yards he is called back,
and for twenty dollars, a third of the sum tirst demanded,
does the carpet change owners.— Wellsted's City of the
Caliphs.
ARC UEDA ANTERIOR TO THE CoNQuEsT.—For ages an-

tenor to the Conquest, the inhabitants of Britain held archery
in little estimation, except as an appliance of sylvan sport,
when her chieftains sought relief from the tedium of domes-
tic tranquillity by warring upon the antlered denizens of the
waste. Besides a preference for other weapons, the sports-
man, necessarily habituated to a bow of feeble range, grew
mistrustful of its powers in more serious contests—those
mightier. huntings where the game was man. But " Norman
William came and on the blood-stained field of Hastings
our Saxon forefathers first learned to appreciate rightly the
merit of yew bow and bearded cloth-yard shaft. A general
disarming followed that event ; but the haughty victor, with
sound military policy, threw back these simple weapons to
the vanquished of every grade. Whilst smarting under a
sense of national degradation, the privilege to bear arms of
any sort was regarded by the Saxon freeholder as a most
grateful boon. It formed the line of distinction between him
and the weaponless serf, who, like the soil and cattle he tilled
and fed, was transferred to the highest bidder whenever the
demands of necessity or improvidence induced their owner
to seek a market. The once neglected bow, therefore, be-
came an object of more than ordinary affection, stimulated
perhaps by jealous rivalry of the skill with which he saw it
wielded in stranger hands. At home; whether in hall or
cottage, it occupied the place of honour above the blazing
hearth ; abroad it was borne like the modern fowling-piece
by country gentlemen, while strolling over their estates ;
with a bolt for the pheasant whirring from the brake, and a
broad arrow for the dun deer that sprane from the bracken
around his path. Indeed, from the prince down to the mean-
est subject, the love of archery was the ruling passion of
every class of society.—Book of Archery.
WAREllOUSlNG.—Antecedently to the present century a
system of restraint and prohibition pervaded the administra-
tion of our maritime and revenue affairs, producing inconve-
nience to the merchant and detriment to commerce. Much
of such inconvenience arose from the circumstance of the
import duties being required to be paid on the landing of
goods, amounting frequently to many thousand pounds.
Such was more particularly the case during the late war,
when the usual regularity of commercial transactions was
much interrupted, and the merchant, at times called upon,
on the unexpected arrival of a ship, for a large advance of
duties. This gave rise to a system of deferring payment, by
allowing goods to be secured in warehouses, or other approved
places, under the locks of the crown, and to be taken out as
might suit the convenience of parties, the payment not being
called for until the goods were so taken out. Hence in 1803,'
the establishment of the generalwarehousing system. Nume-
rous have been the claims as to the origin of this system.
May it not, however, be traced to the primitive ages ? for we
read in Genesis, in the affecting history of Joseph and his
brethren—" Let Pharaoh appoint officers over the land.
And let them gather all the food and lay up corn, and let
them keep the food in the cities, and that food shall be for
store." Sir Robert Walpole, 1733, when he brought for-
ward his excise scheme, attempted a measure of this sort on
a very limited scale, but in consequence of severe opposition,
abandoned it. Dean Tucker, too, in 1750, made a similar
proposal without effect. The measure, however, was revived
at the beginning of the present century, and the management
of it confided to the late Mr. Frewin, then chairman of the
Board of Customs—a post, by the bye, which he held for a
very extended period, with no less honour to himself, than of
advantage to the country. The warehousing department has
now become by far the most important in the whole circle of
fiscal affairs. It is by no means an unusual thing for orders
to be issued in a single day to a common locker for the deli-
very of goods, the duties alone on which amount to £lO,OOO
or even £ls,ooo—for several thousands is almost an every
day occurrence. The value of the merchandise deposited in
warehouses under this system, at London, Liverpool, Bristol,
Hull, and other ports, cannot be estimated for merely govern-
csounpspuoinsipntgiotnh,e sattoclekssonthhaanndfitftoy.brne
iellqiuoalnsonly
Ourtoa
atmhner cen eet s tdoyuer:tirewss'Ould have been startled at the hint of the bare
possibility of such an event—even some of our contempora-
ries may not perhaps be aware of the fact. Still such is the
case. History shows nothing equal to this—no, not even
This vast machinery is, never-
" Solomon in all his glory.
theless, kept in regular and almost perpetual motion. The
merchant gets his due supply, and government the just
portion of duties.—Pope's Yearly Journal of Trade.
BAD EFFECTS OF MOONLIGHT.—Our chaste and silver
moon, which inspires lovers and poets
fail in producing such effects in the Persian g
.in England,
ulf.
it
swou lglared
therethat a
at
s nsiog
hp
ta i
an fpuel
r,
saonnd communicatesr
vfeeel id nsghse sl
toe dr agg e
himselfa b le ,
from its rays with the same care as he would in the day from
those of the sun, The effect of lunar rays, in producing the
speedy decomposition of fish and animal substances, has never
as far as I know, been attempted to be explained ; the fact,
all who have been in the East and West Indies can bear tes-
timony to.—Wellsted's City of the Caliphs.
A MAN NVIIO STUDIED ANATOMY TO COMMIT SUICIDE.
—Villeneuve, the celebrated French admiral, when he was
taken prisoner and brought to England, was so much grieved
at his defeat that he studied anatomy in order to destroy
himself. For this purpose he bought some anatomical plates
of the heart, and compared them with his own body, in or-
der to ascertain the exact situation of that organ. On his
arrival in France, Buonaparte ordered that he should remain
at Rennes, and not proceed to Paris. Villeneuve, afraid of
being tried by a court-martial for disobedience of orders,
and consequently losing his fleet (for Napoleon had ordered
him not to sail or
accordinglytoengage t h
took h
e Eng I i sis t
b )1: l determinedaes and
uumtpoa
rde-
stroyed himself;and
them with the position of his heart. Exactly in the centre
he made a mark with a large pin, then fixed it, as near as he
could judge, in the same spot in his own breast, and shoved
it on to its head ; it penetrated his heart, and he expired.
When the room was opened he was found dead, the pin
through his breast, and a mark in the plate corresponding
with the wound.—The Anatonzy of Suicide.

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HOUSE OF LORDS—THuagD4Y

THE REOENT ATTEMPT TO ASSASSINATE THE

...
Viscount AULBouRNE rose amidst the most profound
silence, to move an Address of Congratulation to her Ma .
jesty, expressive of their lordships' satisfaction at her Ma-
jesty's miraculOus escape from the attack of the assassin in
the Park yesterday. The 'noble viscount said that their lord-'
ships had doubtless heard with feelings of horror and indig-
nation of the desperate attempt made upon her Majesty's
sacred life; yesterday two pistols were tired at her, and it is
only matter of wonder that her Majesty was not destroyed.
(Hear.) Upon all former occasions of the same melancholy
nature it has always been the custom to address the Throne
in terms of congratulation. (Hear.) Their lordships, there-
fore, will not be surprised that the earliest opportunity, and
that without notice, had been taken to call thit attention of
the house to the subject. (Hear, hear.) He would not then
expatiate on the probable cause of the daring outrage upon
the Royal person ; it was at present the subject of inquiry,
and would hereafter become the subject of judicial inquiry,
therefore he would be silent on the point. (Cheers.) He
should content himself by moving an address of congratula-
tion to her Majesty.
The address, couched in the usual terms, was then put
from the Woolsack and carried.

On the motion of Viscount MELBoun.NE, the Duke of
Sussex, the Duke of Cambridge, the Duke of Wellington,
Lord Privy Seal, the Lord President of the Council, the
Bishop of London, Lord Brougham, the Marquis of Nor-
manby, and other peers, were named as a committee to frame
the address to her Majesty.

THE CORN LAWS.

A number of petitions having been then presented in favour
of the corn laws, and complaining of the mischievous agita-
tion that had been carried on to procure their repeal,
Lord FiTzwILLIAm presented several, praying for their
entire abolition, and then proceeded with the motion upon
the subject of which he had given notice. His lordship said,
that in the great markets for consumption there had been
this year a much greater difference between the average price
as returned in the Gazette and those which were actually ob-
tained than was generally the case. It had been said that.
the object of the legislature had not been to raise, but to re-
gulate, the price of corn ; but if it were, it had certainly
not been successful in its endeavours, as the vicissitudes had
been so great as to ruin the very class it had intended to pro-
tect. The whole question was one of rent, and he thought
that the landowners generally misunderstood their interest
and overlooked the fact that their prosperity depended upon
that of the great mass of the population. He did not agree
with those who attributed the present almost unprecedented
distress of the manufacturers to the immediate operation of
the corn laws, but he thought that they produced the state
of things which was the immediate cause of the stagnation
now existing. The corn laws were only effectual in raising
the price of corn under certain circumstances. In a season
of abundance they weze wholly inoperative, but in a time of
scarcity, when it should be the object of a wise legislature to
reduce the price, they had a contrary effect, and tended only
to aggravate the evil. They were an injury to the manufac-
turer, because they shackled his trade with other countries,
' and to the agricultural labourer, because they enhanced the
value of the commodity upon which he must he maintained.
It was only by way of favour that the wages of the latter
were raised in proportion to the price of provisions : in
many places they had not been raised at all, and in fact he
derived no more benefit from the high price of corn than the
manufacturer did. The corn laws were a great hardship
upon the people, and he was satisfied that the system could
not be a permanent one, although the period of its duration
was uncertain. It was impossible at present that there could
be a coincidence of prosperity between the two interests, and
he hoped, therefore, that their lordships would agree with
him in reconsidering their opinion. The law at present was
not like the law of 1815, as it did not profess to bring about
an absolute prohibition of foreign corn, but it effected the
same end, until home-grown corn had arrived at a very high
price. He thought that there was no fear of the inferior
lands going out of cultivation to any great extent, as the ef-
fect in this case had been much overrated. The rents would
be indeed diminished, but this could scarcely have much
weight with the house, as the landowners were not so
numerous a body as to claim from their lordships the sacri-
fice of other interests to theirs. The object of the legis-
lature had been to keep up the price, which they thought
ought to be maintained; they had endeavoured to regulate
the price, but the attempt had, after 25 years' experience,
signally failed, and must always fail. The noble lord con-
cluded by moving, "That it is expedient to reconsider the
laws on the import of foreign corn."
Lord WESTERN denied that the object of the. corn laws
was to raise the price of corn. He had been instrumental in
passing the law as it now stood, and his only desire had been
to prevent the agriculturist from being extinguished by the
importation of grain from other countries, which being lightly
taxed could compete with him at an advantage. The pres-
sure on the manufacturing interest was indeed alarming, but
it was to he attributed rather to the fluctuations of the cur-
, rency, both in this country and in America, than to the corn
laws.

Lord ROSEBERRY thought that it was a fallacy to suppose
that if there were a free trade in corn the labouring popula-
tion would derive the advantage of a reduction in the price of
bread, The present system contracted our commercial in-
tercourse with every part of the world, it produced great de-
rangements in all the foreign exchanges, and it enhanced the
charge of freight at the very time when it ought not to be
enhanced at all. All these evils would be avoided by the
adoption of a proper scale, and he desired to see some one
which would approximate to that introduced by Mr. Can-
ning substituted for that now in use. if no such change
were adopted, foreign grain must either be admitted free of
all duty, or the amount of impost must be fixed. He thought
neither of these plans so good as that of an ascending and
descending scale, but, believing that some alteration was ne-
cessary, he should support the motion.
Lord FALMOUTH fully agreed with the principle of pro-
tection that had been just laid down, but he considered it to
be entirely opposed to the views of the noble lord who had
opened the debate, He did not believe that the clamour
which had been raised against the corn laws proceeded so
much from the natural feelings of the people as the mischiev-
ous work of agitators in the employ of the anti-corn law
league. He was convinced that if we were to depend upon
foreign nations for our supply, the price of corn would
be infinitely higher than at present, and it would be, more-
over, extremely dangerous to be so much at the mercy of any
nation. There were good grounds of complaint against the
Government for having made this an onen question, and it
the noble Viscount at its head had declared that he was pre-
pared to afford to agriculture its due protection, he would
have had the support both of the house and the Country.
Lord CLARENDON observed, that both parties, in support-
ing their views, had been guilty of great exaggeration : the
manufacturers overstated their gain as much as their oppo-
nents did the loss they expected to sustain, but it was incum-
bent upon parliament to bring both sides, if possible, to just
opinions on the subject, and to make them feel that the in-
terest of the community was identical with that of its com-
ponent parts. He believed that the corn-laws operated to
the prejudice of all classes, but more especially to the land-
lords, as nothing could be more injurious to them than the
great and constant fluctuations of price. The noble lord
then went into a comparison of the prices of grain in foreign
countries with that as appearing from the averages of our
markets, and concluded by pressing upon the house. the ne-
cessity of having laid before it all the facts connected with
the working of the present law.
Lord ASHBURTON followed in reply, and was succeeded
by Lord RADNOR, who endeavoured to show that the fluctu-
ations in the price of wheat were much greater than that in
any other article of commerce. He was surprised at the
objection which had been made to pass the proposed resolu-
tion without evidence, as it would, in fact, lead to the very
evidence required. '
The Duke of RICHMOND, at considerable length, sup-
ported the present system, and was followed by Lord
BROUGHAM.
Lord MELBOURNE made some observations in opposition
to the motion, and after a few words from Lord FITZWIL-
LIAM, the house divided, the motion being negatived by a
majority of 152.