The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1849-06-12 00:00:00

of economists wanted cheap sugar to enable half-
fed weavers to reduce the price of the coffee accom-
paniment to their matutinal red herring. And
they were sacrificed without hesitation or remorse.
The only question which now remains for solution
is—what class is next to be submitted to the wheel ?

THE affairs of the new Roman Republic afford
just now the problem, whose settlement most con-
cerns the restoration of tranquillity throughout
Europe. Thus far a singular fortune has attended
its arms; and although the last post has brought
us news of serious reverses, sustained by the people
of " the holy city" at the hands of their brother
Republicans, the troops of France under the leader-
ship of Marshal Oudinot, it is not at all certain
that a French vivtorv, or even a French occupation
of Rome will do more than render still more com-
plicated a web which defies the cunning of ordinary
diplomatic dexterity to unravel. Nay, it is not at
all certain that the fate of the government of Louis
Napoleon, and the very existence of the French
Republic itself, may not depend upon the issue of a
quarrel, into which they appear to have been hur-
ried, by a more than human rashness, or a more
than human controlling power, working unseen to
carry to completion its own high and mysterious
decrees.

We refer to our foreign intelligence for the latest
information of the hostile movements of the con-
tending powers. Pending the decision, which
threatens to be a speedy one, we take the oppor-
tunity of quoting from the correspondence of the
Times some singular facts bearing upon the ques-
tion. The first is descriptive of the reception and
conduct of M. Lesseps, late the envoy of the French
Republic in Rome, at g ministerial reception in
Paris since his arrival in that capital. After endea-
vouring to evade the numerous questions put to
him by numerous of the guests, we are told that—
M. de Falloux took him by the arm, and, leading him
into an adjoining saloon, he, in the most gracious manner,
reproached him with observing such a rigid silence on a
subject on which so much curiosity was naturally felt by
all his guests. " What !" said M. de Lesseps, "is it
then you, a member of the government, who reproaches
me with acting with indiscretion ! Well, then, since you
are curious, it is for you to say to what point I may gra-
tify public curiosity. Put any question to me you like, I
promise to reply frankly, without reserve, and without
ambiguity." "Are you of opinion," said M. de Falloux,
without hesitation, " that France sh ould recognize the
Roman republic ?" " You put to me a question," replied
M. de Lesseps, " which under existing circumstances, be-
fore so many people, and among whom I recognize the
representative of Austrir, would be of a nature to crush
a diplomatist who has in his heart anything except
a deep love for his country and his head,—something
more than the remembrance of having fulfilled an im-
portant duty. I will, however, reply in the same un-
hesitating manner that you have asked the question.
Yes, France ought to recognize the Roman republic ;
and it is I, a man of peace, I who at Rome, as at
Barcelona, risked my life to prevent bloodshed,—it is I
who affirm to you before the Austrian representative here
present, and who will not contradict what I say, that the
only means of avoiding the horrors of a general war before
six months are over is to immediately recognize the
Roman Republic ; to make known that recognition to the
Cabinet of Vienna, and to negotiate with energy and with
faith the justice, the humanity, and the right of the cause,
for the evacuation of the Roman States by the Austrian
troops," After this frank declaration, M. de Falloux
with increased amiability re-conducted his visitor to a
group of ladies, and M. tie Lesseps in passing through the
crowd met with repeated marks of sympathy : one hand
was silently held out towards him, which he shook—it
was that of the representative of Austria.
As to the opinions of the Romans themselves,
the Times correspondent of Italy has the following
remarks, which also speak of the abdication of the
Pope as more than probable :
" Wonder is that M. Mazzini can assume the right of
speaking in the name of the Roman people. He is no
Roman—neither is Avezzina, nor Garribaldi, nor any
other person in the government holding an effici-
ent post. The fighting men are Lombards, Genoese,
Poles, or Modenese ; and if the Romans have taken part
in the contest, it is more from fear of these armed volun-
teers than from any good for the cause which these bad
men are determined to impose, The inhabitants of
Rome desire, I believe, the return of the Pope. They
see the infallible ruin of their city if the present system
continues, and they can find no possible advantage in a
paper circulation— not worth one penny if the Republic
falls—or in the absence of those 25,000 rich strangers who
annually spent their money within their walls. On this
point, however, it must be clearly understood that, whilst
all desire the return of the Pope, and the establishment
of a sound government in accordance with the spirit of
the age, not a single person wishes for the restoration of
the Cardinals, and none will ever suffer the reconstruc-
tion of a Church government,
"These considerations bring me to a point on which I
have tried, but without success, to find good information.
I cannot help thinking that, from all I know of the gentle
qualities of Pius IX., and his conscientious scruples of
leaving the Popedom exactly with the same attributes as
when be took it up, that he must ere long, of his own free
will, resolve to abdicate. He has sworn to make no terms
with the rebels who usurp his throne, and his humane
heart recoils at the slaughter of his subjects in order that
he may be restored. What other alternative has he?
" The Pope is an excellent, but a weak man, full of the
best intentions and of religions zeal ; he is totally unsuited
to these troubled times, and if he can reconcile an abdi-
cation to his own conscience, I conclude that he will gladly
fly to it for consolation. I cannot possibly undertake to
say that the Pope can abdicate. Examples are very rare."

We understand that the Bishop of Chester has licensed
St. Jude's Church for the publishing of banns and the
solemnization of marriages.
On Sunday afternoon the Rev. Dr. M`Neile very kindly
delivered a sermon in St. Simon's Church to the soldiers
attending the usual service for the military in that church.
The reverend doctor's address was characterised by grace-
ful simplicity and faithful scriptural teaching.
On Sunday night, Alice Henderson, aged two months,
residing with her parents in Blenheim-street, after crying
a good deal, was put to bed with her mother, and was
found dead in the morning. On a post mortem examina-
tion, it was found that death had been caused by inflam-
mation of the brain.

Father Mathew, the apostle of temperance, is connected
in blood with the noble Irish family of that name ; he is
one of numerous children. His views respecting temper-
ance would seem not to be coincided with by his immedi-
ate relatives, as two of his brothers are, or have been, dis-
tillers on an extensive scale.
CERTIFICATE OF MERIT FROM THE COMMITTEE OF
COUpICIL ON EDUCATION.—On Tuesday last her Majes-
ty'sinspector of Schools, the Rev. W. J. Kenneday.
visited St. John's Church School, Farnworth, near Bol-
ton-le-Moors, when he announced to the mistress, Miss
Elizabeth Holmes, (late one of the mistresses of St. Bar-
nabas' School, Liverpool,) that the Committee of Coun-
cil on Education had been pleased to award her a certificate
of merit, the value of which is enhanced by the fact that
Miss Holmes was one of the youngest amongst the can-
didates at the recent examination at Newton.
EXAMINATION OF FEMALE TEACHERS.—At the late
examination of female teachers, held at Manchester by
her Majesty's Inspector of Schools, certificates of merit
were awarded to seventeen of the candidates, four of whom
are resident teachers in Liverpool, viz.—Miss Chapman,
of the South Church of England School, 2nd class, Ist di-
vision ; Miss Crampton, St. Mary's, Edge Hill, 2nd class,
3rd division ; Miss M`Douell, Everton and Kirkdale In-
fant School, 2nd class, 3rd division ; Miss Miller, Everton
and Kirkdale Infant School, 3d class, 3d division. The
examiner expressed himself highly satisfied with their in-
tellectual qualifications and practical ability as teachers,
and we sincerely hope their success will stimulate many to
aspire to similar distinction.
' ROBBERY FROM THE PERSON.—At the Police-court.
yesterday, four men, Peter M`Loughlin, Clarke, and
two soldiers whose names we did not know, were charged
with having, on Thursday last, robbed a man from Oldham,
named Thomas Curran, of about £l2 in money. The
complainant had met with two of the prisoners in New
Bond-street, and the whole party had afterwards gone from
public-house to public-house until they had got to a house
in Richmond-row, where, as the complainant asserted, be
was surrounded by the prisoners and robbed of his purse.
One of the witnesses said she saw the prisoners, and they
appeared to he dividing some money, and disputing about
it. M`Loughlin, on being apprehended, said that the two
soldiers had picked the purse up on the stairs, but acknow-
ledged that he had received some of the money to drink.
The prisoners were committed for trial.
SUICIDE.—An inquest was held yesterday, on view of
the body of Daniel M`Callister. Deceased had recently
been farm bailiff to Mr. Wilson, of Orrell, A fortnight
ago, he had gone to lodge at Mr. Sergeant Corbishly's (of
the police force), and after remaining four nights, said he
was going to Ormskirk. Ile returned, and on Friday
last, at noon, asked for pen and ink to write a few lines.
With these he went to his room, and appeared then as he
had done before—to be very cheerful and talkative. As
he did not come down stairs for some hours, some of the
inmates went up to his room, and found him hanging by
a rope to the bedstead, and quite dead. He had made
use of a skipping-rope belonging to one of the children in
the house. As there was no ground to suppose insanity,
the jury had no resource but to return a verdict of " self
destruction."
ILLICIT DISTILLATION.—At the Police-court, yester-
iay, two men, Peter Morgan, Patrick Fagan, and Agnes
Geary, were brought before Mr. Rushton, at the instance
of two excise officers, who stated that they had dis-
covered in the cellar of a house in Stewart-street, (Great
lloward-street,) a still, imperfectly set up, but charged
with what is called " wash" and " low wines,"—prepara-
tory liquids in making whiskey,—and samples of which
were produced. The still was not at work, nor set in the
brickwork, but the prisoners being found on the premises
were apprehended. Fagan protested that he had only
gone casually into the cellar to get his shoes soled, and
had waited for them, paying 2s. 6d. for the Job. He
added that he was in the employ of Messrs. Burns and
Co., of Waterloo-road. The woman said she was merely
a seller of eggs, and lived in the house, but knew nothing
of the matter complained of. The evidence appeared at
first to he rather against the prisoners ; and Mr. Rushton
said they must each pay a fine of £3O or be imprisoned
three months ; but Fagan was recalled, and on being or-
dered to show his shoes, he did so, and they appeared to
have been newly soled. He was consequently remanded
for further inquiry.