The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1838-02-13 00:00:00

CON T E3l POI? A I PRESS.

COLONIAL EMANCIPATION.
From the Mirttirtg Herald Fridaq.)
Lord Brou.diatn, as well as Ltril Ashourion, en
li7litened the Iroise of Loyds,
_last night, with his opi-
nions on colonial emancipation.
Accordint, to the noble an.l learned lord, the emanci-
pation of all colonies is, at some time or other, inevita•
ble. He thinks, however, that there are three distinct
periods in the history of colonial connexions which
excise decided influence on the mother ctutntry—influ-
gnce, however, of widely different kind-4.

Lord Brougham, for instance, thinks that in the early
periods If a country's history, colonies are important,
in so far as they stimulate, most advantageuuslv, the na-
tional industry of the mother country.
At a subsequent period, colonies are valuable, from
the character of property which they assume, and the
cast increase whicli they secure to the substantive wealth
of the mother country. Our West Indian colonies, Lord
Brougham argued, were of this description ; not so—or,
at all events, in a much smaller degree—were our North
American colonies. Our emigrants to C inada settle
and spend their wealth there: they ref nin no more to
England, nor add to her riches; as West Indian proprie.

tors do!
The third period is the period of emancipation—a pe-
riod inevitable, because bronght about by a law of
When that period at rives,
.I.Visjom (if Lord
Brougham iv be taken as her exponent) dictates that
the colony and the mothor country should part on good
terms; because, according to the noble arid learned
lbrd's argument, on the character of the partintv, de-
pend-i the nature of the commercial relations that are to
follow—relations which, if properly managed, ought, in
Lord Brougham's opinion, to be' more valuable than any
telations springing out of the dependence of the co-
lony.

To this latter argument Lord M-Ibourne replied, with
admirable acuteness, that its value might be doubted—
inasmuch as we parted in anything but a friendly, spirit
with the United S ales; and vet the advocates of eman-
cipation were never weary of extolling the lucrative na-
tmii of our present commercial Connexion with the
United States!

In-reference to I..)rd BrOnaianr'sfir4 argument—as
to the t):neli.tial i:tfrietice exercised try colonial posses-
sions.at. an early period, it) slim titling the domestic in-
dustry of a conntry—we o)serve, that the indus-
try of Great Britain never required to be stimulated ;
and that now, our industry requires not to be stimulat-
ed, but
,to be protected. It is not in a country where
children, eight years old, work in factorie4 fourteen hours
a-day ; it is not in a country where silk weavers work
sixteen hours a-day for the reward of twopence-half.
pertny,.lll:it we can listen to any talk abont the advan-
taize of stimulating industry ; and although never till
now was inthistiv the drug in the market which it now
is, still the industry of hngland never wanted a stimu-
lus. No: in,histry in Eogland has alwa% s required pro-
tection; and never has lnduskry required protection so
much as now. It is because colonial connexions tend to
protect industry, that they are chiefly valuable. They
have protected native
.an.l colonial industry in times
Past ; they are fitted to do so in time to come.
As to the argument that the Canada,: are of less va-
lue than our W est Indian colonies, because the proprie-.
tors of Canadian estates do not spend their rentals in
Enzhnd, as the West Indian planters very generally
do--.--!nat argument pos.tesses little intrinsic value.—
True, Canadian proprietors reside in Canada ; but Si)
long as British producers posses. a monopoly of the Ca-
nadian markets, the wealth of these proprietors finds its
way to England. as certainly as if every shilling of that
wealth were spent in London. That wealth may, nu-
donhtedlv, in the first instance, enrich the Canadian
jin'atticers who supply the wants of th. cm:oiat, land-
ow,ners ; but so lung, we repeat, as England enjoys a
monopoly of the markets of Canada, so long must the
increased wealth of all classes of Canadian producers
constitute a source of increased wealth to the orders or
Enicis!l producers, who supply the consumption of Ca-

If, in like manner, our West Indian planters, instead
of resitlitiLfin Ettg!ant!, resided on their West Indian
estates—the difference to Eng Lind in point of revenue,
woti!(!, we apprehend, he absolutely nothing—so lone as
we retain the monopoly of the West Indian markets.—
So long as productions only are consumed, it cm
fitgniry little, as it secuis to its, whether th"v are cat ;.
in England by our colonists—or in Canada and
the West ;tithes !

JOINT SUOCK BANKS.
(From aw Slaurheaer Guardian.)
\Ve find that tile 1)111 wok!' has been intr,lnced into
the 11011 Se of Commons, by the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer,.for the porpose of remedying the incont enietna-
tesiltin,z front the iate decision in ihe Coutt of Exche-
Tie' in the case of H4ll v. Franklin, has a retrospect-
ive.'9e-ration, exten Fut..- not only to untiligated Cast",,
but also to those in tt ;deli e been already
tion.lienced. But it is proviiied that in all such Cases
the plaintiffs shall pay the costs of the defendants, at
such time, and on such terms, as shall be determined by
a judge of the conrt in which the action shall he &pond
ing; and in case of a refusal to pay sire!) costs, the de-
fendant may atail himself of any plea widen he might
bate used before the passing of the act. The following
are the material enactments of the bill, which, we on •
derstand, will be passed through Parliament with all
practiCable despatch:—

" That no contract beretlfore entered into, or which befire
the end of die nexi aesxiun of parliamoit shall be entered into,
by any such associwton or cooarotership, sha.l be deemed or
taken to be or void, by reason only of All%. SUCII spiritual
person as aforesaid being or having been a mein-tier, partner, or
shareholder, of or in the saute ; but all such contracts shall and
may be enforceiliu the state wanner to all intents and pur-
poses ;is if no such spiritual person had been or was a member,
par:aler, ur shareholder, of ur in but h association ur copartner-

That in all actions and suits which shall have been brotwht
or institutedby or on behalf of an such associato.n or copart-
nership before the paisley of 111;8 art, it shall be lawli:1 for the
cou,t in which thi, same shall be dep.,o,fina, or any jtotge
thereof, to make such mileison the Wattiiiff for pavnwilt to the
defendant or def,tlants, or any of thew, of -all or any part of
tbr:costs of such action or suit, at sorb time and on such terms
as to such court or judge way seem inoet ; and in case default
AA be wade in payment thereof, the defendant or defendants
io any such action or sou shall be entitled to the sail, 6.-n,,tit
Of any plea or other defence to any such demand which he or
they might. have had if this act had not pawed."

THE TRISH POOR LAW RILL.
F's-vra 31,21.)
The Irish Poor L.lw Bill 114• harliisecond reading, ani
stands fur on Friday, at nliich stage Mr.
O'Coinell will flint e his amendment that it be read a
third time on that day six months.

This gentleman has little sympathy with the poor,
either of the manurar,turing classes, or the agricultural.
ne remained from Parliament in Dublin to libel and to
level the tradesmen, and his first exploit, on arri,ing in
London, is to tore a.ainst the peasantry.
'ls not this the development of a true deliagogue's
character? An aristocrat in heart—a .democrat in seen
bla•nce—he would use the people as tools for his own
acruTandisemeni, ant trample them to the earth for his
07 •
subsequent ease and convenience. He counts the cost
of the tower which his ambition is about to build—cal-
culates the wear and tear of his instrtunents, as well as
their original price—and chases it, with interest, to the
account of his adventure—and when they, through:hard
service, have become useless, or when the accomplish
ment of his own purpose has rendered them superfluous,
he casts them aside, or sells them to the first chaprnati—
whetherhe be the rild " cast do:hes" man, in tire Jewish
gaberdine, or the still more venerable purchase!, in Irish
rags, of " hits of brass—broken glass—old iron"—who
bids the highest penny.
It is satisfactory, however, to add, that whilst the prin-
ciple of pour laws for Ireland is conceded by the house,
the details of the bill now before it- are likely to en-
counter, in a oiore effectual form, the objections which
we have never ceased to urge against thigin, and to un-
dergo such ain,ndinents as *A considerably improve tire
original measure.

THE WHIG MINISTRY.
(From the Stuodard.)
If we are to trust the opinions of the greatest sup-
porters of the ministry, the Cabinet would seen) to be at
its last gasp.
The leading Whig fuirnal in North Britain, as every
on knows, is the Scotsman. , Both in point of eircola-
tiOn and a character, it stands at a nanch.biglter eleva-
tion in that part of the empire, than the Chronicle or
the Globe do in the metropolis. Iss opinion and its
statements are constantly quoted by the London minis.
terial prints. The most prominent passage, hou evet, in
its last poidieation, we have heed unable to find in either
Globe, Chronicle, or Courier.. It onzht not to he list to
the Landon public, and w•-• shall thereiore give it a place
in our columns. The London correspondent of the
Scotsman writes—
,
" I do not like to croak too loudly nr unnecessarily. but I
ain not help thinking the liberal party is in a very bad tray.
Erer'y hour the or:iois!ers appear to me to he sinking lower awl
carver in the pobJc estimatpin. Their own party hare no lonuer
CoVidence in their.firinness or yowl intention. Their reputation
fa .• at!ility is destroyed. No man speaks well tf them. Anti. dil-
tionitu.s it is fur the twiesto seize an opportunky for outvoting
them7stiong as is the support they receive how the Coult—
minZster.itiho hare last their hold of public. opinion, cannot Cony
retain their hold of elee."
We, are not aware that either Radical or Conger vat is e
print has vet spoken in terms of stronger condemnation.
Yet the Scotsman is neithei Radical nor Conservative,
but pure Whig.

The Scotsman, lrnwever, is not the only journal, by
Some dozens, that has fallen into this positive despAir of
the rnin'strv. Turning southwards, we find the B righton
Guardian, a paper in Cap►ain Pechell'sand Mr. Wiiney's
inThrest, usin, etrally strong language. It obseot'•eaon
the Canada debate—
" The ministry, with fares quite as demure as Mr: Ellice's,
lariog made up•their minds to the peculiarities of their iitua•

LIVERPOOL MECHANICS' INSTITUTION.

LECTURES ON PHYSIOLOGY

It is really astonishing to behold the number of persons which
these lectures le Ong together. 'Torre coull not have been less
than 1230 intlit.iitua's present at the lertuie, an Wednesday
evening, last a report of which we now give. The lathes are
particularly attentive; and it is to be hoped, that the teprogifs
which ter. Epps administers with no sparing hetet, respecting
the evils of tight lacing. ins lie attended to. The lecturer, not-
withstandiug the severity of his remarks. manages with great
fait In _ail I his pills with a quantum stiff of platers, so that
the ladies C.,ohot fail to be pleased with the little gentlemati.
cavity of the chest contains the lungs and the heart,
which are bounded by the sternum, rips, spine, and midi lb or
gliiiptiraehm. The letter is a tlesiiv membrane of skin beneath
the chest, it hich, as Nib he of erwards seen, is connected with a
vet y iinpertaut duty. 'fife lungs and heart are .11 essential to
tne performative of the glittics of life, that if one of nil ni i, injui-
ed, either life is sitspended or carried on under the mos( iise‘gree.
a tile ciicuinetanees. The lii consist of several divtsions call-
ed lobes, which occupy the won e or the chest, with the 07Nrep-
tion of the portion apprepriated by the heart. The heart is on
the heft side a the betty, hence there is a smaller port mu of the
lungs on that 410A11.111011 the other. Tile lungs and heat t are
covered with a beautiful skin tail al the pleura; hence the word
plearixy is used I' signify the diseases of the skin. The lungs It ive
a very impul t ant die% to perform.. What is called glein's apple
in the tipper part of ihe throat is the begiunine of windpipe.
Beery portion of ri.,d which we tak, pastes over this into the
gullet without (elan-, into the windpipe. it it did death would
ensue. We all ka.ce how inconvenient it is ellen:, itiersei goes
the wroGg was. This is tieing to tire morsel gettiire Otte the
windpipe; and shows the phySicar necessity thew exists fur at-
tention; L. the rule established hi etiquette of never ,peaking
whilst the suguith is full of rood. In girder to prevent food from
passing glee n Into the windpipe, it is coveri-;g1 with a suited valve
called the epiglet tis. The upper part of the windpipe is called
the larynx. After mew...riling a short way, it divides int., twe
which eguiu ramify through the lungs into do itifittite nutn-
her of tubes, whit h ire thus intlited. These hitter tubes are
called brunet-ice. and they carry the air into every; poi lion of the
longs. in fact, they resemble the branches of a tree, but in-
stead of terminating in leaves, they terminate in a nillllher of
smell air cells or vessels, sometimes circular and sometimes gib-
bet,. It is evident, that, as air has to p tss down these tubes.
the passage inns; be cetistantly open; and the qiiestien is, how
are we to do thus? An iron pipe would suggest itself to us, but
it w.tultl be in6itivenient to carry an iron pipe in our net ks.
Besides, our necks are liable to be stretched. theretere Ave 11111,i
have 'something stretchable. Here it might be urged, that au
fildian rubber tithe won a be a vets goad thine, gin account of
Its elasticity. We find that our windpipe is made or grtst;e, a
substance superior to huh in rubber iu elasticity and firmness.
This gristle is arranged in tines, which catreither be twilight
close together of separated. If these rings were perfei tly round,
it would he inconvenient ter the food passing down the gullet.
Therefore the circle is incomplete behind. awl tilled up with
flesh, sii that as the softness tit the gullet enables us to SA.IIiOW
monastic:tied portions tit' fuel, without any impediment being
tirfeird by the
ti7windpipe, wutild tie the case %vele it rum,
c
The :lit vesicles are most 4min:lr:tidy construct-
ed. are tells for the rceeptitin ihe air whit b
the windpipe, suit are surrotitided by, a beautiful skin the gine-
t housandi h of an inch in thickness. Over this skin ail the blood
circulating through tee burly is passed, fire the purpose of re„,itig
into contact with the atmospheric air. There:ire in some lungs
round grainsctl.ed tubercles; indeed, few persons arc without
them. 'l'hese lie dormant, if proper care be taken ; but if we
persue a +nurse of dissipation, or expiise ourselves ton much tit
the elertwol,t, we ate treubtell with little cough and a kind of
fever. This is the commencement of that dire complaint cen.
sionntion, of which upwards of 51)(XX) persons die antitieliv
this kinegloin. lie knowing the circumstances %%loch attend its
iipproaele we mai be able to goard against it. _Diseese raters
the tubeit l's, and from them extends to the lungs. lu process
a time ulceration extends from the tuliereles to ilie limes them-
selves, and then expectotation takes plate., and patients spit out
what doctors call pits. When it tomes to this their is lithe hope.
.I`tibetteilar voesuniption is yet bileild the reach t,l medical
scuence. But if deettirs are called i before this shoe of things
occurs, there is every chance. When a person IPI.IIIIIPS
stunt and cial-gh-,, lie mos be sure there is 81011INI lung wrong, and
lII' it is tint, to app') In his medical attendant.
It has brew remai keit that all the blond of our holy
nasses thrimeh our limos. Now the lungs can expose, when
f ttly infl lied, one hundred and twenty square inches of sonar.,
but 11l the I.l,lll.lllfiii 1111/11e of breeth.ne, the (ramify 111' SUrkee
rXunSe4l dues lint a ini)titil to more than holy niches. The
queetien arises ohete flues the 1,1,11111 011111" treat?—and this in.
trielures its In the heat t. The beer is contained in d little hag.
which protects it. In connexion with the bag is a quantity of
water surrounding the heart.. Hillis water tai acts intim great
quatiti.v, the patient rites. There are blood-vessels in tuu-
nectir.it with the loiart. These containime red I:beel ate celled
nrlerie', auto h k itiu‘. The 1,411,1,00 l
is hpAlthv. too -hp do, k tilogyi is impure The veins Clllll, the
blood back to the he.git alter n hit eirculated through the betty,
and the a. tet tee tits; iihote it :trier it has been In the
lenge. so as again I render it fi for use. 'I ht. 1)1,11 t utislst•
foer cavities. Alan. soft every tither warnoletierted animal, has
a 'battik. heart. 'lwo of the cavities of the heart aee ca{ rut
atirieles, because they are shaped like dogs' ears, and the te,
others ventrit less lit the cent' artigin gilthe right an the blond
is fiteed into the right vetstric:e. This cavity itg,ain contracts
and furces the bloud into the lung,. Ae sooti as the blood
kisses the Air, that itistant it 1.11-.ltigi'S Its dark colour into a
hrieli; led. It is then carried back to the left stile tit the heart.
it h, j: enters the left auriele, from which it is forced by the
49.0'r...thin of that cavity ode the left ventricle. The substance
git the left ventricle is imieh thicker then tleinif the tight. The
question eh) such is the case. The reason is, because it has
„,pu;np the blood all over the leek. whilst the other 1,4 S 0i1.%
to 1.0“, it ji,to the limes. The heart is provided with lour
conical valves fir the perposerif preventing the ',bred flo.wing
back auain when the cavities contract; these salves are held
firm with strong cords. ,Many persons who are subject to
strung excitement have, hones firmest in titter heart, which
render them miserable. The heart collects the blegel and sends
it through the tunes, which purifies it. Toe bind traverses
every part of the betty, and in its way teceives all the iinnurittes
which are ferined, and carries them aWiIV fur peritieatiou.
()ur bodies, flesh Heil buttes, are by this process undergoing
slow but certain reno.ation, every purtion of these being renewed
and the old pertions carried away in a certain portion lif time.
When the blood arrives at the lungs it contains a quantity of
charcoal and hydroeen, aud is consequently of a dark colour;
but these clout/ire with the oxygen of the air and forin carbonic
aenl and vapotir, which again restores the blood .to its led
celour. Breathing is generelly described under the term
respiration. It consists of Iwo operationstlie process of
breathing in, caned ir.spiraiion, and that of breathing tint,
celled expiratinn. Bs- itispiratien, we expand our lungs ; when
we breathe out. our lungs fall tegether, and carbonic acid is
forced out. Carbenic acid is fatal to life; we may therefere be
siigeto deteriorate the atintisphei e in which we live. physically
as well as meralle. It is a mistaken notion that plants supply
the oxygen which man consuing:s; a very pint. Man all., ni,be
of Eliis has proved that all plants give out caibouic acid as well

We have now to notice the impediment to the free action of
the lungs. it is evident that if we have not the proper quail; ity
of lungs in which to expose the blood to the action of the air
that the blood is not properly purified-. \Ve take in forty cubic
inches of air at eachinspiration, which are absolutelynecessary
to change our blood from dar' to a red If pre-
vent our lungs from having free expansion it is quite evident
that all our blood cannot he properly changed, ant bad health
will he the tesull. We will consider this portion of our stilject
under three heads—the nte,hante„l, mental, and physical. It
is quite evident that if the lungs be compressed they will thus
lie prevented front taking inthe icquisite quantity of air.
shows how injot loos the practice of 1:11•111g, urns; be. Iu
fact. whilst a man inhales at one average inspilation six pints
if air. a tight•laced female will inhale scarcely more than three.
We laugh at the Chinese for preverting the flee growth of the
foot : at any rate, theirs is an innocent folly, for it is not in-
jurious to he ilth, while tight lacing is. Those persons ahu lace
the tightest have in general bad natural figures. and tight lacing,
instead 4.1 improving them, distorts the spine and acturlly in-
jures them. If nature does not give a good figure. human
.Ifirts cannot create it. Straight backed chairs are injurious
for chtlilren, because their i bests have not stitlicient loom fur
expansion. Drafting and writing desks should be so con-
strueteil as to allow the lungs the utmost possil.le play. Alativ
persons are either killed or rendered initierile thrtaigh want of
this necessary precaution. Children, again, should not he con-
fined too long in tt sitting posture, as it prevents the limper
action 01 the !tows. Meditation, in a silting posture, likewise
ittte-rfere4 with the tree ae•cess of air to the lino's—those persons
inclined to meditate should take a walk into' the country and do
so• In the let of 0, we frequently hold our breath,
and this it is which renders it so injurious. Studious persons
are. on ti's. account, frequently troubled with Oy spepsia. It is
equally had In sit listening, for too tong a time. Alany persons
feel miserable because they cannot refrain, especially after
dinner, from falling asleep during divine servic..4. This is not
their fault. they cannot help it it they sit long in the same
position. A trailesanin whir is in the habit of walking about his
&are of hosine's throughout tiie week will naturally find it inn-
-.t P'''•ilde to avoid going to sleep when he atteint4s to sit'rir three
or limr trouts listening. to any tiolividual, unless that indtvidual
possesses PXlrafirdinitry bo,enititing pow-rs. The; i;niy preven-
tive in soch a r,lse y111111(1 be 00t 10 take' any (111111er.
AS Pll4lllllOl/ItlOll of the lungs
s ise of frequent occurrence 'it may be well to des, the its symptoms told the proper
ciirse of treatment. When airy pill or the toios is inflamed. it
Leeoir, ioos to the air. so that the patient ratio"' take a
foil (piantit, of Meath without a feeling of considerable pain in
conseqUenc'e of the forci'le expansion of those 1411 s. •lii -deli
he•dth to expose a surface
a case, sopoosino the Patient, 'n
full
of for. v color inches to the action of the air• he will proli ti.y
only he aide to exitoe a sutface of thiriv
and these
thirst' inches must do the Sartre duty whirh ,as pre, it lily dintby the farts. 1.1„w is this duty to I lie done. \Ve iousi I;reseor
the air more rapidly to the ti'.",,r• and therefore peiso, woo
have intimned 100 .% breathe quickly. The pulse aiso
/low is this? The heart renders its assistance, and, in
order to sutiolv the defit•iencY of the lime., poops a, rapid
sittiply ofi,lood to !belongs, but iu small grtantilies, sn that
!hi;
air can purify the blood a. it i. Plesent,e, 'File excitement,
i, thus induceiris more than the
hear, and 11111eSS situ' S"""'% H." the spinal el.lll
and the brain become afferied. 'ha the Patten' is placed in a
situation of imminent danger. The dm for romes as a
peace; he takes away a pound or two ;out the tn;in
has less to to the action of the air in the lank, •!'h,
roan eau brp,itive more freely, he goes to bed, and is well Ole
next (la,. This is the course always pursued in all cases of in-
flanimation of the longs; and therefore persons will know the
doctor's reasons alien he takes blood from them under such
eirculnsiancis.

GOIMEN Eact,E.---,On Monday last, a line bird, of the chry-
saetos. or Co•den Eagle kind, was taken by 111 r. Thomas Tin-
dal,, Lord Downe's gamekeeper, on his lordship's estate at
Beninglitongh. The bird had teen observed in the wood on the
estate during a fortnight pier eding, and had committed gi eat
depredations on the game. It measured nearly eight feet (tom
tip to tip of the outspread wings.

PROPOSED INCORPOPATION OF THE BOROUGH
OF MANCHETER.

I ion, and being resolved to sacrifice their principles rather th.au
sistain a defeat, regnesteil 21 lioiirs to cousider the priipositions
f; heir right illl.ll. friend. Ott ',tidily th..v no-t the house a.ritin. -
iirl Lir,l .. Russell. in .1 1 is:mai-ult. sres.ii--1,1. ail speeches of i ( Prom the Manche...ler Courier.)
which the basis is insincerity must nece-,sarily he tignt.4tole— I , The public trirst•tiii, or lie initaltiatits of Nlatirliester. called,
I .
expl atoed that the thinistets gave up the idea of ensuring trout ' on rt.q.,l•,iion, li% the t.lineaglm,,ve atot constables, 111 consider
~
pirnameot a plcd2e to cottm t the Catiatitans. and ado'', i Sir the twill, iet % a 1)4.1 it ifilii lig the ertita it c,,, ,t ettatier ~t. 1,,,po-
il"1""t I'''''l's a"'"wiln"nr• Suck if t',,se .of hunOutl, •-,l ration for the boimi,di, 01111 iiit‘erii.eil in (ME la,t, INAS 11V1,1
from day I, day. is d',l: lotely nast,,eosis, and ii.aker us loqk up,,li agreeably to the antionneement, in tne large room id* the Vowil
the whose procee,rtus of the once renowned Pailianieut of [Lill. ‘,„,,,,,,1,,y n,,,,,,inv, 'nip ~,,,,,„„ ~ff,,is used by the whigs
Elighititi with timitterable disc tot. They are altogether a t., girt-, the regoisit ion an air of 6111pm:ince were re;orten to in
Mockery, and ileserve nothing but scorn." order to swell the 'lumber of their supportel, in this its,entihy,
iVitV here, aLrain, it is not the rit 1 i tt.teal . Journal of and, as soltserpientl) appetite I, was ittienited iitih the ,i.',illi4
.id litho' to.a liberal Lle.tri.;:it lon of Mr. Cob li•ti .
Brildhon—the Brioliton Patriot—that tint,
tit ittpittet s, the puliticatton °fib.. I ep!i.-s of the town.etet k of
ilisolist and rontettipt fo.• ,the ittittisirv, hut their own ~.. ,
expresses bgereS4.
,Ilt
01 f.,:p... I, dna Ihe menthe: f r Wateiliiitl, to that geinktnan's
chief stypi,rtor in that p trt of Eitel:mil. D., not Ihe'e ingot. ies as to 01-$1..1,11n-tit i.f tilt' tl,sit,tblent,is of hicorporal-
thinaN show " the hi-winning. or lit- enii ?" 0-.11 the in.:: that borough. the vast Wll,llllO 111 Hy olf.v sll,llt iii t/1.1(,111IS
Scotsman err in solitit,iti2- that " minister., n Ito ha% e anti eauvrl4.,ing no!: s. and iit her in ,te effe,•tive intht t-no-II:s t ,
tttetr taii•nils to couie I,rwar.i t,, liii,lir az.sistatice. a itunther."F
lost their littitl id public opinion, C3llllu I. king retain their
_ . nwo ati.i bits wele fro s:verdi days etottliiv,d to parading ~te
hold of utiiee ?" .. -

ter, "Corp :ration charter. Approved lit the Birtniu.'ha
Political Unpin, by the men of Sin 111-1.11 possessed by Loots,
and Glas:row, claiurr l lit the Irish patriots,
opposed by the perat Ives of Alanehes'i r, who ate hired by the
tortes " The opponents •f toe meastne, reality the iadica.S
or Manchester, were we idle, and the walls of the town were;
for some days prior to the ineetine., profusely plararded
their ad tresses, descriptive of the claims of the whigs upon their
support. The paper war, in fact, raged with so much violence
kat the higher I•I,O4SeS ,11 the community, notwithstanding the
publication of a placard by the authorities, expressive of-their
deteiminatiou that none Cot ratepayers should be admitted, an.
ticiirated hut little reason from the deliberations of such a meet-
ing, and almost wholly tilisented th _mselves, The leaders of
roller party were admitted by ticket shortly after ten o'clock,
by whiCh time an iintm-use crowd had congregated in tbe st ref 1,
in front of the hail ; and on the doors being thrown open at
haltpast ten, the room, which is calculated to contain upwards
of tso thousand persons, was speedily filled. The boroughreeve
:folio Brown. Esq, with the constables, John Feiguson. Esq•
and Da% id ('rice, Esq. on his right and left, took his seat amidst
slight applause front the whigs. and read the requisition, which
he stated to have been signed by Mr. William Callender and a
number of other prop-e, to the extent of one thousand.' The
answer ,hich he and his colleagues had returned was not given
without mature and proper consideration ; they thought they
bad acted right in calling the meeting, and that had they re-
fused, they should tint have done their duty. ( Applause from
the Whigs.)' Ile expressed a hope that the assembly would he
co.,' and temperate in their deliberati,ies, as by pursuing that
r•tiurse they would I,e most likely to come to a wise and safe
concuision. :I'he requisitionists wished this to be the case, and
he had that in his pueket by which he was bound to believe that
.any tiolge or impleasatitileSS that might occur would collie from
their opponents. They told him that they were never allowed
to ho!d a meeting in quiet. and that was one chief reason
for wishing to ineorpo, ate the borough. Ile hoped, therefore.
Ilia': the proceedings would be conducted in such a mannetythat
whilst they weir creditable to the town and satisfactory to him-
self, they would do away with one of the strongest arguinents in
favour of the proposed iiteorporation. (Sainte strong venial ks.
were made as to the unfait nest of this attack upon the oppon-
ents of the measure, but they were drowned in the cheering, of
the whigs.)

Mr: Cobden rose to propose the first resolution. which stood
as foiIOWS :—"That it Is due to the character of this important
bormigh, that its chief 'municipal officers simuld'he a body popu-
larly clot,en, instead of beim,' nominated by the Lord of the
Manor's Court Leet ; and that as a preliminary step to the es-
tabli..hinent of a restrin'ilde local self-governotent, a petition
be presented to her near-sty in council, for a charter of incorpo
ration, under the act 5 and 6 William 4 cap. 76. called the
Engli,h Municipal Act." Mr. Cobden then spoke •at great
length in support of tetra resolution.
Mr. J. C. Walker s,cooded the motion in a short speech of
no peculiar inlet hick was, however, much applauded by
ills party. _ _

Air. Taylor. amidst frequent interruptions from the Whigs,
and conscquent uproar, said that he had been requested by a
numerous body of ley-payers of choilifill-upon-Nhatnek, to at-
. tend this meeting and expre•s their decided disapprobation of
this tneastile. When the question was first io.itated, a piddle
meeting wi,s called for l'oe purpose of ascertain t,, their notions
upon the sal jeer. Tine meeting was numerously and resn'ect-
al.ty attended, the various points were argued, and ri-solu,ions
were unanimously passed deprerattw, the proposed union nith
Manchester in a charter of itieOrporation. It was just I nelte
months ago, that a meeting similar to the present was held in
that very room, w hen the proposition was !ejected by a laige
majority. lle con it not imagine I hat the inhabitants of the
ouoton 'lshii)s hail altered their pinions, neither had they had
an opportunity' of expressing them. '1 he present meeting had
Wren called on so short a notice as pot it out Of their poser to
discuss the question amongst themselves, and enable them to
_come prepared with a statement of their views. There had
never before Leen in Mani hestera titeet log on sit vitally inipitr-
!ant a question gut up nn Si. short a notice. 'l'lie inhat;itatits of
Chorlt,m-upon-Aleilloik cue always ready to join the ii her
townships iii any thiog that might he inutnal.y advaidagetilt,,
or that might not be positively disadvantageous, to theinselcet,;
but they could not see a tiv their interests should he Sio lificeti
to anwher township merely because it wis etcher. thole nu-
me,ous in ',potation. 411.1 11101, 1).1W1•11(11. nll-,li,
besot inneh of the of thaw!: coitipiit"tit person„ to ti i
the titult,ritu.l"tliees ii, Nlaactiesiei ; isiffienlty to,
iu Chordott-upon-Maillit. k. The ii,halnlan's 'here hail beett at
ii great an act uhirh gave ;tit the pow. r
which they w .111(1 h IVY toiler a ch titer of itit.,,,,,.,1111111, e%repi
that for the iwnerit of swatter tow tt..tkip.
The cititio.,ssioners or police there wele elected Its the itilialti
tants at large, shit nete ratepayers, awl every iterson inhabiting
a 1:.2,1 (noise was eligible to tie a citiniiii•siotier. The eon,
inissioneis were. e:ected every three teats; they had powel to
appoint watchmen and police offieers. and at armed patrol, ir
y. The inhabitants were satisfi-il with this ;Wlbu the
pr •teetiim of I 10-ir per ,00% atot iltllpeity and they could not see
why this ti.ettrand throa ti amongst them, merely on
the plea that the ....op e or Mato heater had a difficulty in elect-
,tug their tetrolighreeve and C.itiSliitheS. The ;;viii ime i who
rpi,dined for these offices. ii \las said, ter; Min he-vet io
-gn nntl, in the "to-townships. Now what wooot tie the
raise it the co ti were iit.aitte.:! A comin.to rnllarlinl ill ...-
soling. two 111,11101, heyolut ser,•,o miles oi the
wasitalde to a line id £5ll, and mayor to a fin.. of £2OO. NA' hat
was to hinder them from stepping over the limits, and living
out of the boning!) allogetlit This might lie sport to tile
reople of Matichesier• but it would lie death to thoseitt Cuor'.tint-
upon-N.l.unit, k. The owners of property in 11,ineliester could
aiways find tenants for their shops and tloor warehoils, ; their
twits for tneie were easily oleained ; but that was not the ease
Ulioilion ; the properly was there laid out ("m-
a particular purp,se, and the owners would soon find its de-
preciation. hey were told that they should he taken into
rtnei ship with laticliester ill theihanagenient it the police,
Now let them see what this p irt warship width! Le. The horoungnh
trnuld be divtden into wards, and each ward would have council-
men pr•portion to its popit,alimi. awl the rates or its assess-
:neut. If one part of the town hail a population of only e
thousand, and a high assessment, it would return as many
councilmen as another Wald with ten thousand population and
it low asseSstnent ; and the township of Alanchester would e-
turn as mails, as all the other townships put together. The
council so elected would have power to tax the people to an un-
limited extent; it could give sicaries to the inavor' the town
clerk, the treasitter, the assessors, the Coronet, and the consta-
bles. to an 'unlimited amount. (low would the people thus lie
oppressed with rate. 'The inhabitants of Chiallon-upou-Nled-
lock felt this grievance so strongly that they would rather give
up their right to participate in the election or members of par-
liament, than join in a charter for the borough. Mr. Taylor
then intimated that persons were present front the other out-
townships who would speak their opioions, and that he had no
wish to Indulge in personkOilies, as a lot mer speaker had done.
—(Cheers and groans.)

Mr. J. %Vent-, in a very long speech, not one complete sen-
tence of which reached the ears of the reporter, in the hubbub
that prevailed unit through the principal clauses of the act, for
the Tortoise of exposing the gross fallacies of Mr. Cobden, and
concluded by niopositig the follawing amendment.
"'I hat
.1 hisrueeting protests against this the second attempt
to force un the people of this borough an enactment entitled
"-An act to provide for the regulation of municipal corporations
in Engiand anti Wales," such 101 l not being congenial to the
feelings or compatible with the wants of the inhaliitaffis of the
town Of Manchester or the borough, as it is the opinion of the
meeting that ail ratepayers should partake of equal eligibility in
all local enactments."
Mr. Nightingale, whose speech was almost wholly drowned
in the clamour of his opponents, seconded the amendment
cautioning the people against tieing deluded by the vicious
w hugs, and pointing nut the war in which the charter would
operate to their disadvantage. lie also disputed the democratic
spit it of the act, and corrected many of Mr. Cobden's nits state-
ments.
Mr. Prentice teplied to Mr Nightingale; and was followed,
in opitusiii,a). by Elijah I)inon, cud a person mimed Barrow,
amidst tench confusion.
Mr. licelis raid that lie hail been vs' her surprised to hear Mr.
Cobden say so much about the univetsaliii of the stiffeage ; and,
iiii„giuing that heund other peiseins ttight lie placed in a situation
in te leich they would hate a %Nett- at all, he hail sent for the-act,
and found by the 9;h clause that it was essential, in older!. have
a vote, that the party should occupy a house, was eloaise count-
ing-house, os shop. its the borough. Now as he, asto situation,
hail neither of these, but occupied onlyati office, though:lie pant
u sufficient rate, he vivito haven's voice let the municipal govern-
ment of the too it. If the gentlemen wriu.d consider the act .a
I,tilt. 611,1, they would find that many pet sons who expected
votes, -deould base none at a I.
Mr. Ebeherty spoke, at so•tie distance from the table, against
the vh trier. :ureic mid wit he. lo• the oor,o. create., by she
incootoo.t“rs. We unitersiood him to recommend dela); anti
the sties etion of the ponce act.

Alt. Colakm in the court, of his reply. mentioned that the
signatures of the ratepayers to the petition, woull he collected
by aniva from d.mr to door,
•The amendment was vitt first, and the orignal motion ne::t.
when there appeared to be a considerable inaj..r.ty in favour of
the latter.

A counniltee wag then appointed to carry the reiolution into
fleet. the proceedings were ordered to he advertised; thanks
were. voted to the boroughreeve, and the meeting separated.

777,7;77-
STATE 01, TRADE.

( Flom the Munrhester Courier.)

TRADE AT BI AUK 131 Al4lleis of husint...s have beim
pro% ittg thirttiu the net k. (71,11,tt pi.is
ninte fr.elc, 1.0 by no 1111,11, 111,r 1,1.1211-at
tti-tres. athoug the itati(l-1,,0m wed‘erNibut the tacit/lies r,rc to
hill us k.

IIocIIDALE ANNFT. triarl:pt was latt dill
ori : smile ff'w of tl a liner t111(1 11,1,1,11 t. qualitte, were
sold :it last wt ek's e•. Their %ult.; %erY tilde ii•qm., ft,r It w
vio.ll mist ki.t was niu. It the san.e as liar se‘ttal
wt•pks. The manufacturers cuttivla.n ut the high
same as last we. k.

PRICES OF SI-I AII.ES, LIVERPOOL, FEB. 12.
Last. Prices This day'•
RAILWAYS, &c. Per Share. Prices.
Birmingham and Gloucester l5 paid 810 0 .... 812 6
Ditto and Derby 2O .... 13 13 0 ....
Birkenhead soil Chester 5 .... 712 6 ....
Chester and Crewe
Eastern Counties
„,, 1 5 0 ....
•
Edinburgh and Glasgow (old)
Ditto ditto (n 4"
(new)
Ditto Leith "and Newhaven 3 .... •' • '
Glasgow; Paisley, and Greenock 4 .... 3166• • • • 318 6
()Mint Innetini- 93 •• 222 0 0 ....
great Western 63 .... 89 0 0•• • •
Hull and Selby
1., vernool mid Nl.ii.o•lit.ster 'OO .... 205 0 0 •• • •
Ditto quarter shares
Ditto halt' shares 2O .... 61 10 0•• • •
London and Birmingham 9'l .... 164 10 0 —.164 10 9
Ditto new quarter shares 5 .... 28 0 0.• • •
Ditto and Southampton' 5O-.. 41 0 0 •• • •
Ditto, new shares
Ditto & Bright.. ?United] 5 ... 8 13 0 .... 8 15 0
Leeds and Manchester 24 .... 28 0 0•• . •
Leicester and Swannington 'lo . 75 0 0 .• • •
Leicester and Swannington, ;neWj 5 paid 23 0 0 ... •
Mauch, ster, Bolton. & Biiry 7s ... 71 10 0 ....
Manchester and Birmingham.
\li,l'amil emiltties 2O .... 17 5 0 .... 17 0 0
North Midland 23 .... 1:6 10 0 ....
SOitth Eastern And Lover
North Union, (new) 2O .... 36 0 0 ....
Ditto, (old)

BANKS

Bin k or Liverpool 2 II s paid 21 2 6 ....
Cottlint.reiel Liverpool 20 2 6 .
--- Li verponl.Uniott .... 10 .... 1.1 2 6 ....
Nortli-rn and Central—. la .... 11 0 0 ...
Albion 5 .... 5 2 6 ....
1' ni vii Tr4.lt•s' tliito to .... 9 16 6 e.d.
North and Smith \Vales.. 10 .... 4 7 Ii ....
or Ni..cto-o,
\l'eb.,st..r St 1.'4,001 Dset IS .... 20 1•4
Snir h Laticasli re. 7 Ins G 17 6 ....
Borough !tank
floinem•reill 1181.1: of England-- 5 •• . • 4 ;5 0 ....
html of I.:1,0:114
Plicenix Bank 4 12 6
11...yal Bank of Liverpool 5OO ... 63') 10
With and Dorset
(;A S. wATEtt woidoz. &r.
Exeltamfe Rniitlius ...... ....£lOO paid 119 0 0 ....
I.'ooolgt. Harrington WaterVl ork-20d 450 0 0 ....
Bootle Ditto Stock .... 312 0 0
I. verpooiCoal (ias Company . Stock .... 355 0 0
L'ePol New Oas S.: Coke C0...-Ewo 196: 0 11
Ditto New I-z.ttres tr, . 176 0 0 ....
ASSIIIIANCE COMPANIES.
Liverpool Marine Assoranee C0.X25 paid 1)) 2 ti
0,4," Q.,111,1111.1. Comnaity. , '7 2 6 .
Liverpool Fire and Life
DOCh.S. FEIIIIIES. NEW CON! I'ANIES.
Ant rtott Cdrryin.; Company
Wilthisille Ferry 25 .. 28 3 0
E!rentont Ferry PC, 10s'
Rock Ferry.
Stdam ToiCOrOBIE'Y
•• 64 10 0
A potheearit s!Comp.tny .• 2 i 0 0 ....