The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-08-30 00:00:00

suits. It is meant, als
deuce for the royal children

as a " hop-s Lep-and-jump" resi

Among the few legal and other friends one has still left to
enjoy the kindly ci

ar and the

club smoking-room rock-

he commission appointed by the QUEEN to
inquire into the Birmingham borough prison has afforded
subject of conversation in lack of other. At the Home-
office they are all primed ; I may venture to affirm that
they almost know which way the inquiry will go, or rather
end. The commissioners could not have been better
selected. There is all through a compound of what is
in a commission of the sort : of sound legal
knowledge in Mr. WELSBY, the barrister; a great ac-

ing-chairs,

ecessar

quaintance with the statistics of morality and vice, prison
discipline, &c., in Captain WILLIAMS; and Dr. BALY'S

ame is a guarantee for an intimate knowledge- of those
Peculiar and fell diseases to be found even yet within our
Prison walls. The doctor has had ample opportunity of
acquiring this knowledge in that government pest-house,
Ilillbank Penitentiary, where the most robust fellow that

ever snared a hare "on
with his mask and lueifer, fresh from

and the burglar,

'agrian outrage

broad as HERCULES and brown .
their health after twelve months' imprisonment,—so much
so, that no prisoners, of whatever grade, are kept in Mill-
bank more than a year or a year and a half,—more mur-
ders them. Captain. WILLIAMS was a good while at the
War-office, and his reports ^=
always been read with interest, and spoken of _
rally in parliament. Birmingham borough prison has
been a queer concern for some time. Captain. MACON-
__A Royal 'Navy, several years ago was very
popular in our literary, scientific, and gossipping clubs ;
he was then secretary to the Royal Geographical Society,
patronised by WILLIAM IV., and was welcome every

autumn, begin to lose

a prison inspector have

eulogisti

NOME, of the

where, not more from his position than for his amenities,
Sir JOHN FRANKLIN took him out with him to Van

Diemen's Land

.etary, when ti

long-lost sailor was appointed governor

MACONNOCILIE

returned to I

was appointed the governor of
The deputy died ; and Alicorr-

profession,

ere turnkey, being

lie had

In short, as the

;o pay, and no pitch hot

COMPOSITION PEI

The inventions which the company has been formed to
carry out are those of Major BsNxowsnl, who has ob-
tained letters patent for their protection. They apply to
almost every department of the art of letterpress printing,
and it is not forming too high an estimate of their impor-
tance and value to say that they must lead to a complete
revolution in that great branch of industry. Perhaps the
mast mint ne.comolished by M. BENIOWSKI is the inven-

l7sTs-stem of "logotypes,

or small

elected, after long
ins of letters, do

experienced with atten

made by the late Mr. WALTER, of the Times, as they may
be conveniently disposed of in a case not occupying more
space than that of a compositor's on the present system.
The case is arranged in suitable divisions, depending on a
simple alphabetical organisation ; but instead of the ordi-
nary sloping trays, it consists of a great number of rows
of long holes which slope forward towards the compositor,
and which contain the types placed lengthways. Being
hales at the back, they fall down the

41J,11 ULLIV4
incline towards him, and are stopped in front by a slight
ledge, or bend ; they are picked up by a pair of nippers,
which does away with the injurious effects of handling
them by the fingers. Such is the rapidity with
which matter can be composed in this manner,
it is found in practice that a person, if only slightly
accustomed to it, can set up 4,800 types per hour, while a
skilled compositor at present can only set up between
1,000 and 1,500. As many as 5,000 an hour might cer-
tainly be reckoned upon. Another useful feature of these
types consists in their having foot letters, and while they are
set up may be read like the print which the composed types
would print, and so enable corrections to be made without
taking a proof. They also have index letters on their
side, by which distribution from pye is facilitated; and,
whenever unattached spaces are used, being made of steel,
with a silver coating deposited electrically, they are easily
caught up with a magnet. In casting type, and in the
type-matrix, important improvements have also been
introduced. Major BENIOWSKI'S inventions include a

circular printing machine, the great feature of which
consists in placing the forms inside a cylinder, so that,
when driven round, the centrifugal force tends to fasten
the types, and thus dispensing with lateral pressure,
types half length are sufficient, and thus the cost of a
fount is reduced to one-half. The receiving boys are dis-
pensed with in this arrangement, as the sheets are delivered
by the continuous action of the machine, as soon as
printed on each side. Combined with a double composi-
tion, 40,000 copies per hour might be thrown off, and
under given circumstances of producing power the machine
will only occupy about a fourth part of the space of those
to best construction at present in use. The last point we
_ to notice, the patent inking rollers,constitutes,perhaps,
____ most valuable of the entire series of inventions. They
consist of hollow cylinders, formed of vulcanized India
rubber, united without a seam, and furnished with appro-
priate bosses at the ends for mounting in the machine. A
few strokes of a condensing syringe fills these cylinders
with air of a high pressure, the precise amount of which
will make the elasticity or rigidity of the roller whatever
we please. The inconvenience, cost, and uncertainty of
the • composition rollers, always sensitive to atmospheric
changes, are thus removed altogether; while the dura-
bility is equal to that of other articles of the same material.
There are many other points in the patented processes of
the company which deserve notice, if space and time per-
mitted. I must conclude, however, with the general
observation, that they have received the strong approval
of practical men, and that the company itself has been
formed under the best possible circumstances to ensure the
complete and permanent success of the undertaking. The
reunion was finely managed; the legislators present were
determined to unbend, and they did so. For the agr-
mem much, if not all, was due to Joins HENRY DOYLE,
Esq., a popular and accomplished member of the London
and Dublin Literary Societies.
" Old Drury" has once more become vocal, though not
by "native talent." The chef d'ouvre of WEBER com-
menced a short musical season on Monday evening. Der
Freischutz,—stupendously dithyrambick, its numbers
were little understood, even by educated musicians, that
lonely night, almost a lifetime ago, when it was first pro-
duced at the old English Opera House—the Lyceum,—
since burnt down, much to the loss of one, and the near
ruin of another, she a 'great creature—Miss KELLY.
Thereanent let me give a curious fact. I was sitting
chattino• and " chaffing" with Mr. BARBER BEAUMONT,
of the 'bounty Fire-office, having previously had to wait
a minute or two. Mr. ARNOLD, the part proprietor of the
Opera House, and the greatest encouragerof the English

lyric drama- that ever breathed in oreatning England,
left the distinguished fire insurance director. ARNOLD
had been hi line for a renewal of his policy for the Eng-

lish Opera House--" Can't do at the money, quoth
BEAUMONT " can't afford more," replied Mr. ARNOLD.
They parted on a quarter per cent. Afterwards I was in
the house, and in two hours more the uninsured struc-
ture was in flames ! burnt to the ground long
before morning had much advanced. That quarter per
cent. difference was a bad job for ARNOLD. Well, the
Freischutz had been produced at the old =burnt
house : mild Carl MARIA VON WEBER'S unpretending
virtue had preceded him here ; the fathers of the present
generation of vipers-musical were then living, noble
artists, better, I avow, than their children, and a million
times more kind and generous ! ARNOLD, our then
musical MECANAS, had a rehearsal of the German Opera ;
it would do, and it wouldn't do :—there were nice bits in
the overture, finely set; they could not be there without
surrounding ore of the right sort ; then came that melan-
choly piece of musical discontent and desolation, " Through
the Woods," in English, and above all the Jagyar Chorus.
Those morceaux on the first night of ARNOLD'S produc-
tion of this "wilderness of sweets" well nigh reconciled
the vox'pop!ili, as PTslncia Ea.Alc used to say ; but there
were hisses in the pit—the people there raised their crests
I like fiery serpents. Even musicians left the theatre, say-
ing it would not do. It was repeated, and like many
friends—sure test of excellence—grew on acquaintance.
It was very well rendered at Drury Lane. They have
since given Lucretia Borgia, the only severe and classical
opera of DONIZETTI, in a most respectable manner.
Freischutz was in German, the Borgia in Italian.
What next ? _ _ _ _

As a melancholy pendant, and from delicacy I have
refrained from noticing the fact till now, Mrs. WARNER,
who gained so many golden opinions on these self-same
boards, is now, poor lady, in a bad state, with cancer for
her bedfellow ! Why should I conceal the fact ? it has
been hinted at, which is worse than being mentioned.
Mrs. WARNER has had a painful operation performed.
With all her talents, popularity, and hard work, She is,
in addition to being sick unto death, steeped to the very
lips in poverty. Mrs. CHARLES KERN, like a queen, sent
her sister MELPOMENE WARNER £5O the other day :
"'twas well done, because 'twas quickly done."
To attempt to describe the "wen," as COBBETT used sa-
tirically to name the metropolis, when it is out of town, is
at best a dull affair, much more so, seeing it is attempted
every autumn as regularly as that nutty period of the year
makes its appearance. Our scientific people are all out of
England. It may be a few, too old to be knocked about,
are innocently botanizing by the bonnie English hedge-
rows, or gathering shells by the " salt sea wave," as Mr.
BUNN said or sang. By the bye, the great ALFRED, late
of T. R. D. L., has returned from America, after reading
his Shakesperian reminiscences to thousands of the Yan-
kees, who have a keen appreciation of the immortal WIL-
LIAM. Our artists also, painters and sculptors, are on the
loose. A stroll among the picture galleries, however, of
our more spirited publishers, is still left for the denizen of
London, or the visitor. This is a treat which lasts all the
year round, but is never better worth enjoying than at
present. Civility, it is well known, costs nothing; and the
proprietors of the galleries referred to are at all times de-
lighted to see a country cousin or two dropin,--there's no
intrusion. I take shame to myself that a shower, and no
cab in the distance, drove me for shelter into the ever-
welcome portal of HENRY SQUIRES and Co., Cockspur-
street, the other day. "Bother,—no apology,"was the frank
observation of HENRY, to my whine on account of
long absence. There was a goodly array of paint-
ings and engravings at once before me. Of
the latter, who could not but be struck with
" Quitting the Manse; or the Free Church Question in
Scotland," from the picture, painted by G. HARVEY, of
Edinburgh, and engraved by ArsixsoN. A thousand
thoughts filled my mind as I contemplated this fine work,
replete with sentiment and subject. " Free Church Ques-
tion !"—how it was debated in both Houses at the time.
What a foolish movement it was considered by Church-
men. So-it was, and is. The famous Kirk of Scotland,
which, till then, had stood long and angry siege, became
like a house divided against itself, and did not stand.
Cleft in twain ; neither branch can now properly claim
the motto of the " auld Kirk,"—Nec Tamen Consu-
mebatur. But the Scotch Free Church is advancing ; it
may be, like a divided stream, to meet to part no more.
The picture is a glorious work : the heads and counte-
nances just such as WATTLE SCOTT painted in his novels.
There is a fine picture well placed in SQUIRES' Gallery;
it is by old lc ORTIICOTE, " Jacob blessing Ephraim
and Mavassah." Exquisite in tone ; colouring in part
worthy ,f TITIAN. The LANDSEERS, painters and en-
gravers, all illustrious in one family, have done nice bits
here ; such, for example, as " There's Life in the Old Dog
' yet," by Sir EDWIN—not grown so grand as to forget his
old friends ; he's off to Balmoral in a twinking to eat
grouse with the QUEEN and PRINCE ALBERT, and paint
a deer or twa." The celebrated picture of NELSON,
" Forty Minutes before the commencement of the Battle
of Trafalgar," and others, I may notice before I have done
with the fine arts ; WELLINGTON likewise, at three periods
of his life, is worth a pilgrimage to see. How like life !

ST. PHILIP'S
STREET. CHURCH, HARDMAN

ABOUT four month: ago, Mr. D. C. BROWNE, who has
met with much success in this town as a teacher of music,
was appointed organist of the above church, since which
time the choir has been considerably improved, both in
efficiency and numbers, consisting now of, ten boys
(trebles), two alto's, two tenors, and two basses, who sing
the chants antiphonally; reminding us of the cathedral
choirs. Mr. BROWNE evidently knows how to train
boys ; but this may, in some degree, be accounted for
from the fact of his having been for nearly seven years in
Norwich Cathedral. Another valuable addition is now
being made in the shape of a new organ, under the
orL-Panist's.'sole direction. and built by our old townsman,

Mr.BEWSIIER, whose work has invanab
faction. We subjoin the particulars
GREAT ORGAN, CC TO F, 54 NOTES.—TI. Stop diapason
A, caPt--2. Stop diapason bass, 4

Ly given Brea'

cipal, 4 feet-5. Twelfth, a
7. Sexqualtria, and cornet, 3 ranks-8. Pausanne or
large trumpet, 8 feet-9. Wald flute, 4 feet-10. Hohl
-flute, sometimes called Keranlophin, feet-11. Krum
Ham, sometimes called Cremona, 4 feet.
SWELL ORGAN, CC TO F, 54 NOTES.-1. Stop diapa-
son, 4 feet, speaking 8 feet-2. Open diapason, 8 feet-
3. Double stop diapason, 8 feet, speaking 16 feet-4. Prin-
cipal, 4 feet-5. Fifteenth, 2 feet-6. Echo dukiana
cornet, 3 ranks-7. Cornopean, 8 feet-8. Clarion, 4 feet.
PEDAL ORGAN—COMPASS CCC TO, F, 30 NOTES.-
1. Grand open diapason, 16 feet-2. Principal, 8 feet,
this stop is produced by an octave pedal coupler, with
. . Inl talPgf -

twelve extra Pipes added to the top of
COUPLERS.--1. Swell to great--2.
3. Pedals to swell-4. Octave pedal col

an. and

PRODUCE.-For Sugar the demand has been
only limited, but prices are fully maintained ; the
sales consisted of 500 hhds. 8.P., 1,600 bags Ben-
gal and 500 bags Madras, at 31s. 3d. to 31s. 6d.
per cwt. In Foreign the transactions in the early
part of the week continued extensive ; since then,
partly owing to the reduction of stocks in first
hands, less was doing ; the sales were 14,500 bags
brown Brazil at 18s. 3d. to 19s. ; 110 boxes Ha-
vana at 225. 6d., and a small lot of Porto Rico at
385., duty paid ; a cargo of brown Bahia was like-
wise sold at 20s. per cwt. afloat, deliverable at an
outport. Molasses in fair request, at previous
prices ; Antigua, 16s. 9d. to 17s. 3d. ; Porto
Rico, to arrive, at 16s. 9d. per cwt. Of Coffee the
sales were confined chiefly to foreign descriptions ;
they comprised 1,300 bags Rio at 395. 6d. to
435. 6d., and a small lot of Laguayra. Of Rice
1150 tierces Carolina sold at 235., and 2,000 bags
Bengal at 10s. 6d. to 12s. 3d. per, swt. for broken
to good white, being rather dearer ; and 7,000
bags Arracan at 9s. 6d. to 10s. 3d., being an ad-
vance of 6(I. In Rum the sales have been small,
at prices rather in favour of the seller. In Tea
some considerable parcels of good blackish leaf to
fine Pekoe Congous were taken by the trade, at
full prices, whilst the common sorts were quite
neglected ; at a sale of 3,500 packages, a large
proportion found buyers at fair rates. Salt-
petre in steady demand, and about 1,000 bags sold
at former rates. Turpentine in brisk demand, at
advanced prices; 2,000 barrels sold, to arrive, at
12s. 6d. to 13s. per cwt. Tar in good demand ;
19s. per barrel has been given for 1,500 barrels
Stockholm, to arrive. American Rosin still ad-
vancing, and very saleable ; no sales of moment in
Hides. For Olive Oil the previous week's rates
were readily obtainable ; 150 tuns Seal Oil sold
without change in price ; Cod Oil in moderate de-
mand at £32 to £32 10s. per tun ; pale Rape Oil
395. to 395. 6d., and brown 375. to 38s. ; .only a
moderate business in Linseed Oil, at 295. 6d. to
30s. per cwt. American Spirits of Turpentine 475.
to 555. per cwt. For Palm Oil there has been a
good demand ; the sales amounted to 780 tons on
the spot, from £37 10s. down to £36 7s. 6d., but
there are now no sellers as the latter rate ; 1,250
tons have been taken for arrival at £36 10s. to
£37 ss. per ton. For Peterburg Y.C. Tallow the
demand was limited, at 525. 6d. to 535. ; South
American 525. per cwt. Baltic Hemp without
Prin- alteration ; full previous prices obtainable for
•I
_ Jute. but only. 500 bales changed hands, at

£2O 10s. to .223 2s. 6d. per —ton. To-Day,
the demand for Sugar has again- been active,
and full prices realised, the business, in-
cluding Saturday's sales, consisting of 50 hhds.
Demerara, at 335. 6d. to 355. 9d. ' • 2,500 bags
'
white Benares, at 38s. to 40s. • 1,000 bags Bengal,
at 345. 6d. to 41s. 3d. ; 8,000 Irks Mauritius, at
355. 3d. ; 3,000 bags brown Pernams, at 18s. 6d.
to 19s. ' • 3,500 bags Paraiba, duty paid, at 325. 6d. ;
and. 20 hhds. Cuba Muscovado, at 335. 9d. per cwt.
No change in the Tea market. An extensive busi-
ness in Rice, 3,000 bags Bengal having realised
12s: 3d. to 13s. 6d. ; 19,000 bags Arracan, 10s. 6d. ;
and 300 tierces Carolina, 245. per cwt, 100 bags