The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1840-08-04 00:00:00

STATE OF TRADE

LEEDS.—Notwithstanding the failures and rumours of
failures with which the town has been rife during the week, the
transactions at our markets havebeen more extensive than for
some time past, the principal portion of the purchases being
for foreign consumption. We can scarcely note any altera-
tion in prices, though the markets have assumed a somewhat
firmer aspect. _

BRADFORD MARKET.—There was a better attendance of
buyers at market, and rather more business was done here
on Thursday, particularly in manufactured goods of the lower
qualities. In the yarn market there was also a fair demand
for yarns of inferior counts and quality. In the wool market
there was an average business done, at former rates ; indeed,
throughout the entire market there was an unusual firmness
with regard to prices. From this we augur favourably as to
the future.

HECKMONDWIKE BLANKET HALL.—There has been more
business done the last few market days than for some time
past, but without any improvement in prices, and until an
advance takes place, the manufacturers are not benefited by
an increased demand.—Leeds Intelligences.
LANCASHIRE.—The trade at Bolton may be said- to be
rather better than it was a fortnight ago : the hands in the
cotton mills certainly have more work, but wages are lower
than they. were. Mechanics and machine-makers are much
the same as we stated a few weeks since. The woollen and
cotton trades at Bury arc in a moderately healthy state, and
hands generally are fully employed. The calico block prin-
ters are slack. The flannel trade of Rochdale is in a depressed
state ; indeed it has not been so dull for many years past :
good flannel weavers, when fully employed, cannot earn more
than from six to eight shillings per week ; but many are to-
tally without work, and manufacturers scarcely know how to
act. The cotton trade, although rather flat, is much better
than the woollen business. The hatting trade at Oldham, at
present, is dull; hands, on an average, have not more than
four or five days' work per week. At Roy ton, this week, at
two mills hands have commenced working short time (five
days per week.) At Ashton-under-Lyne, Hyde, Newton,
&c., hands in cotton factories have full employment, but
wages have lately undergone a reduction of 10 per cent. and
upwards. There is great distress at Stockport. The silk
trade in the neighbouring towns to Manchester. Is as good as
can be expected, and, generally, weavers are moderately em-
ployed ; .but silk dyers at some few shops have not more than
four days' work per week.

THE NEW CORPORATIONS

(Frona the Dublin Packet)

For the purpose of enabling the reader to form some
notion of the benefits intended for Ireland by the framers of
the bill for transference of the Irish corporations to new
hands, we submit the following account of the valuation of
the metropolis and its environs, or rural districts :

City..
Rural

SOUTH SIDE.

NORTH SIDE

£434,165
115,520

£57g,685

£283,000
130,000

£413,000
Supposing the city to be subject to taxation by tb e new
Corporation Bill, at the rate of Is. 6d. in the pound, the
sum fixed by the bill brought in by Lord Morpeth and Mr.
Pigot, and ordered to be printed on the 22d of July it istant,
the case would stand thus :
CITY—NET VALUE.
£434,163.... South Union.
283,000.... North Union.

£717,165
One-thirteenth, equal to Is. 6d. in the pound, we uld give
taxes amounting to £55,166 yearly. What a blessing the new
corporation of Dublin would be with a power to add such an
amount to our burdens ! In many places the new corpora-
tions would prove a curse. The country should, with one
acclaim, demand a total abolition in preference to a►ry change.
" Better to bear the ills we have than to fly to others that we
know not of." If the bill shall not pass this session—and
we pray sincerely that it may not—petitions should be got
up everywhere praying for abolition.

THE WEATHER AND THE CROPS.—The weather on Sa-
turday last was very showery and cold, and on Sund-w rain
fell at intervals. On Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday,
the weather was very fine and warm, and a considerable quan-
tity of hay was housed. Early on Thufsday morning there
was a smart shower of rain, but the day turned out warm and.
droughty. Yesterday also was a very fine day. This con-
tinuance of fine weather has much improved the prospects of
the farmers, and sanguine hopes are again entertained of a
plentiful harvest. The crops of grain are looking remarkably
well, in all puts of Yorkshire, and a fortnight or three weeks
of fine weather only is requisite to gather it into the garner.
In ten or twelve days, much will be ready for the sickle, es-
pecially on the high dry grounds.—Leeds Intelgigencer.
POTATOES RAISED FROM CUTTINGS.—Mr- Cortselt, of
Stapleton, near Bristol, has succeded in raising this valuable
root from cuttings. Mr. Cortselt says—" Rt msoning upon
the analagy of the potato to the dahlia, I was it idueed, in the
spring, to try an experiment on cuttings, and b ave succeeded
admirably, having from white apple and foxes seedlings, (an
early potato) produmd a good crop of full -si zed potatoes,
many of which weighed half-a-pound. The met hod was this;
when the potatoes were about nine inches high, .1 cut off the
tops about six inches long, planted them in a lei te about eight
inches apart, with a flat dibble, pressing the e srth carefully
against them, gave than water, and afterwards hoed them as
an ordinary crop. I produced this way at the rate of 1401b1
per rod.

THE TRIAL OF DR. LARDNER

CRIM CON.
HEAVISIDE V. LARDNER.
LEWES, SATURDAY.—This case, which has occupied the
public attention for some time past, in consequence of the
station of the parties, and all the circumstances connected
with it, was fixed to come on first this morning. The excite-
ment produced was very great. Every room in every hotel
in the town was inconveniently crowded with occupants, and
beds were not to be had for any money. At an early hour
the doors of the court were besieged by parties anxious to
procure places, and long before the cause was called on
every seat was occupied. Among those present were the
Dowager Countess of Carhampton, Lady Murray, Colonel
Spicer, the Hon. Mrs. Greville, Mrs. Wigney, Mr. Divett,
M.P., Mr. Darby, M.P., and a number Of distinguished
ladies and gentlemen.
At nine o'clock Mr. Baron GURNEY took his seat upon
the bench, when the names of the jury (which was a special
one) were called over.
Mr. THESIGER, Mr. PLATT, and Mr. PETTERSDORFF,
were retained for the plaintiff; Mr. Sergeant CHANNELL
and Mr. CLARKSON, for the defendant.
Mr. PxTERSDORFF opened the pleadings, and the damages
were laid at £lO,OOO.
Mr. THESIGER then spoke as follows :—Gentlemen of the
jury, I rise to discharge the painful and arduous duty of de-
tailing to you the circumstances under which the plaintiff has
been compelled to seek in a public court that poor and unsa-
tisfactory reparation which the laws of our country afford
for the severest injury which one man can do to another.
I cannot enter into this case without being at once overcome
by strong and almost uncontrollable feelings of indignation
against the author of all the misery which the plaintiff
has endured, and which must tend to embitter his life
for the remainder of his days. The defendant is a per-
son who has arrived at a period of life when the passions
are ordinarily subservient to the judgment, and whose
experience of the world is matured. He possesses scientific
knowledge which has acquired for him a literary reputation •,
he has converted all these advantages to the unworthy and
unprincipled object of tampering with a weak and unguarded
woman, of seducing her from affections which ought to have
been her pride—from her duty, to which she was bound by
every sacred and enduring obligation—and from the home
which she was calculated to adorn, and which threw around
her everything that could conspire to her happiness. The
plaintiff, who was now compelled by the misconduct of the
defendant to publish his dishonour before the world in a
public court of justice, and submit to the degrading necessity
of seeking for compensation in damages for that which no da-
mages can repair, is probably known to most whom I have
the honour to address. The plaintiff is a member of an
honourable family, and is the only son of a gentleman who
was a magistrate of the county of Middlesex, and lived for
many years at Peterborough House, near Fulham. The
plaintiff himself received a liberal education. He was sent to
Eton, and in due time went to the university of Cambridge.
At the death of his father, in 1814, he entered the army,
having purchased a cornetcy in the Ist Dragoon ;:Guards.
The unhappy lady, into whose conduct you are about to in-
quire, is a daughter of Colonel Spicer. formerly of the 12th
Lancers ; she was his only child. The mother of the plaintiff
was sister to Colonel Spicer, and consequently the plaintiff
and this lady are first-cousins. The plaintiff did not meet
his cousin for many years, Colonel Spicer having resided
abroad at Chateau Capitole, at Boulogne, till, in 1823, Mr.
Heaviside went to pay Colonel Spicer a visit. He then be-
came acquainted with his cousin. This intimacy produced an
attachment, and such was the feeling that sprung up in both
their hearts that they looked forward to a happy union, a
feeling,that was cherished and sanctioned by the approval of
their relatives and the blessing of her parents. It was re-
solved that they should be married, and accordingly that took
place on the lith of July, 1824, at St. Michael's, Bath, in the
presence of their relations. It was a marriage of entire affec-
tion. There was no sordid motive to sully their affection.
The means of Mr. Heaviside were sufficient to render him
careless of fortune ; and I am sure that you, gentlemen, will
agree with me that interest rarely becomes the substitute of
affection in a woman's heart. There was a settlement by
which £20,000 was secured by Mr. Heaviside in the usual
way to himself for life, afterwards to his wife, and then to
their children. Mrs:Heaviside had no fortune; but she was
entitled, by the settlement of her father and mother, to
£15,000 after the death of the survivor of them. After their
marriage Mr. and Mrs. Heaviside resided for about three

years upon the continent. They then returned, and lived for
some time at Saunders Court, near Oakingham, in Berkshire.
They then came to Brighton, and resided in Brunswick-
square, where they lived at the time the unhappy event took
place which is now the subject of inquiry. Gentlemen, the
establishment of Mr. and Mrs. Heaviside was replete with all
the comforts which refinement could desire. They moved in
the first circles •, their company was courted by all; and it
appeared that they were sincerely devoted to each other, and
this devotion being increased by that strong cement of affec-
tion, the birth of several children, there was nothing to be
wished for in this world by them. They had now three sur-
viving children ; the eldest was a girl of 14 years old, the
next a boy of 13, and the youngest was a girl 6 years of age.
The plaintiff was a kind, affectionate, and indulgent husband.
There was no indifference or neglect on his part, which a wo-
man's heart could ill bear, to chill her affections. There was
no anger—no exhibition of hasty temper, to estrange these
affections. He lived in the circle of his family, as if it to-him
was all the world ; and during the whole nine years which
they resided at Brighton, he was absent from his home only
on one occasion. She was a person of quiet, gentle, and re-
tired habits ; she never exhibited the slightest appearance of
levity, and was always, apparently, strongly attached to her
husband and. family. If it were possible to expect any
permanent happiness in this life, one might imagine
that it would have been secured in such a home. It is
difficult, when we are basking in the sunshine of happiness,
to think of the coming shade, but every day reminds us of
the precarious tenures by which the enjoyments of this life
are held. Thus in an evil hour the defendant made his ap-
pearance at Brighton ' • he came there, I believe, on some
literary pursuit,. and his reputation was a passport for him
to the best society. The plaintiff, unfortunately, courted his
acquaintance ; he obtained an introduction to him, and in-
vited him to his house. There was nothing in the age, the
appearance, or the manner of the defendant which could lead
him to expect that he could be a dangerous visiter, or that
when he entered the doors of peace and of affection, that it
was to destroy, to annihilate, all the happiness the plaintiff
enjoyed. Gentlemen, he was invited to the house of Mr.
Heaviside from time to time ; two or three times he dined
with the plaintiff, the friends of the family being present ; he
was also at one or two evening parties there, and they ,also
met occasionally at the houses of their mutual friends ; but I
hPlieve that during the day, when Mr. Heaviside was absent

in the performance of his' magisterial duties,.ll)raa7d7r;
was in the habit of calling at Brunswick-place, and visiting
Mrs. Heaviside ; but so careful and so guarded was his con-
duct towards her, that no one perceived anything extraordi-
nary in their intercourse, or anything beyond what the
courtesy of society demanded. Gentlemen, in consequence
of this care, and of the guarded conduct adopted by the de-
fendant, I shall be unable to point out where was the begin-
ning of the fatal influence which he ultimately exercised over
the mind of this unfortunate lady. In consequence of this I
cannot show the gradual advances he made in criminality, or
trace his steps in making that advance; but. gentlemen, our
knowledge of human nature may serve to guide us to
the truth; and it is not to be supposed the defendant
was an individual likely to be hurried away by the in-
fluence of strong passions, or that he would permit those
passions to master his judgment. I cannot suppose that
such an excuse will be pleaded for him to-day: It cannot
be said that the defendant was urged to the commission
of the conduct which I have here to complain of, by the
impulse of headlong passion, and that under its influence his
judgment erred. I hardly think, therefore, that such an
excuse as this will be offered for the defendant. I can under-
stand how a woman of talent might be flattered by the atten-
tions of a person of superior age and knowledge, and I can
imagine that under the influence of such attentions she would
become irretrievably lost. It was in this manner, no doubt,
the defendant drew a circle round the unfortunate lady in
question, and, by attending to all the peculiar circumstances
of such a line of action, you may at once see the traces of
every thread of that web in which Mrs. Heaviside was so
cruelly involved. It appeared that on the 11th of March, in
-this year, the plaintiff left Brighton for town, and, on the
morning of the 13th of the same month, Mrs. Heaviside in-
formed her servants that she was going from home to pay a
visit to a lady named Greville, and that she would not return
to dinner. Of course the servants thought nothing more of
the matter, but one of them, on going into Mrs. Heaviside's
room in the course of the day, missed some trifling articles,
such as combs and the like, and this circumstance gave rise
to suspicions relative to Mrs. Heaviside. The butler imme-
diately proceeded to Mrs. Greville's, and found that Mrs.
Heaviside had not been there that morning. He then pro-
ceeded to town to communicate the fact to the plaintiff.
The latter, however, crossed his servant on the road, and he
arrived in Brighton on the same day. On proceeding to his
home he then learned the sad tale, under the frightful influ-
ence of which he became insensible, but he subsequently
awoke to the painful situation in which he was placed.
It appeared that the guilty party went, in the first
instance, to the Adelaide Hotel, London-bridge, where
they arrived on the 12th, and on the following morn-
ing they proceeded to Ostend, and from thence to
_Dunkirk, and then all traces of them were lost. Shortly
afterwards it was ascertained that the parties were living
together in the rue de Trochet as man and wife, and it would
not have been difficult to have produced evidence from Paris
'to prove the adultery of the defendant with Mrs. Heaviside.
It seems, however, that an arrangement has been made be-
tween the solicitors in this case—an arrangement which I
very much regret, and with which Mr. Heaviside had nothing
whatever to do—by which Mrs. Heaviside and Dr. Lardner
were to go before the chambermaid at the Adelaide Hotel, in
order to their being recognised. Consequent upon this ar-
rangement was another, by which it was agreed that the
hastier of the plaintiff should be produced as a witness'. I
will tell you the reason why this was done. A letter was
received by the father of Mrs. Heaviside, dated the 14th of
March, by which the residencb of Dr. Lardner and Mr.
Heaviside's wife in Paris was ascertained. The defendant
instantly started for Paris, and went to the rue de Trochet.
He opened the door, and there he saw his wife -and the de-
fendant at breakfast. She immediately uttered a scream.
The plaintiff overcome with his feelings, and impelled by in-
dignation, rushed upon the destroyer
of his happiness and
bestowed upon him a severe and well-merited chastisement.
The butler was present when this circumstance took place;
and this, gentlemen, is the reason why the butler is to be
called before you this day. I cannot from my heart regret
the treatment which the defendant experienced at the hands
of the plaintiff. There are moments when the feelings of
our nature will assert their supremacy and act in defiance of
the slow progress of the law ; but if this circumstance is put
forward in mitigation of damages, I will aslc you this ques-
tion—lf Dr. Lardner brought an action for this assault,
what would be the amount of damages you would give him ?
Ascertain what those damages would be, and then I will ask
you to deduct them from the damages which you will this
day give in the present instance. I will now mention to you
a most extraordinary circumstance, to which my attention
has been called. Upon the writing desk of Mrs. Heaviside
being broken open in Paris, the copies of two letters which
Mrs. Heaviside had addressed to her father Colonel Spicer,
and to her husband, were discovered. The copy of that ad-
dressed to Mr. Heaviside was partly written by the defen-
dant. The first twelve or fourteen lines were in the hand-
writing of the defendant, and the drafts of both letters were
corrected in marry places by the defendant ; and it was
evident that these letters were in every part the concoction
of the defendant, for in them was exhibited no contrition of
the heart for the gross offence committed against the peace
and happiness of the plaintiff, but in every line was displayed
the cold expressions of a mechanical philosopher. The first
letter which I shall read is dated.
" Sunday, March 15, 1840.
" I sit down to the painful duty of fulfilling the promise
made in my note of Friday."
This note, gentlemen of the jury, I am not at liberty to
read, but my learned brothers will permit me to say that the
note referred to was a note promising explanation.
" I will do it as briefly as the circumstances to be told and
the feelings to be expressed will permit. You have observed
the continual indisposition from which I have suffered for
many weeks past, and which I have allowed you to suppase
proceeded from bodily illness. My Sufferings, however,
were of a different nature, and arose from a different cause.
They originated in the mind and in the heart. Among the
persons introduced to your acquaintance within the last few
months was one, who, unfortunately for me, produced such '
an impression upon my heart, as I felt could never be effaced.
In the first period of our acquaintance I flattered myself that
the sentiments he inspired were those of friendship merely,
and I indulged in his society with unguarded, and, as the
event proved, most imprudent freedom; as this, however, I
was no more than was done by other ladies by whom his
acquaintance and conversation were eagerly sought, and i

as I never before had .reason to distrust myself, I pro-
ceeded, unapprehensive of consequences." [All this, gen-
tlemen, as I before observed to you, was found in draft
in the defendant's own handwriting.] "He departed
from Brighton, and the effects of his absence convinced
me, for the first time, of the real state of my heart,
and I soon felt that my peace of mind was irretrievably
lost. He had never presumed to tell me that I was to
him an object of affection. His manner and language
were, on the contrary, most deferential and respectful. I
had seen, however, indications of his feelings towards me,
more convincing and unequivocal than any which mere words
could convey. In short, without any express communi,...a-
tion on the subject, our feelings became mutually known.
We felt that every dictate of duty .suggeSted immediate sepa-
ration and absence ; separation and absence, were accordingly
tried, and continued until I was driven very nigh to madness.
I shall not attempt, because the attempt would be unavailing,
to describe to you what I suffered. Had you been more
constantly with me than your avocations usually permitted
you to be, the state of my feelings could not have been con-
cealed from you ; and it was only by heartrending efforts that
I assumed an apparent cheerfulness during the brief and dis-
tant intervals you passed with me. You know me too well
to doubt my truth, when I assure you that on more than one
occasion I was on the point of attempting to rescue all parties
from the evil which menaced them by removing myself to
another world by opium. I struggled—God only knows how
I struggled !—to subdue this criminal attachment, and to re-
cover sufficient tranquillity of mind to enable me to perform
my duties as your wife. I wrote to him declaring my reso-
lution to conquer my affection for him ; his good feeling and
real regard for me prompted him to acquiesce in this course,
and he expressed his entire approbation of it. I tried it ;
I failed ; the struggle almost lost me my life. I now became
fully convinced that I was for ever incapable of discharging
towards you the duties and offices of a wife, save by the
adoption of a course of systematic dissimulation and unre-
mitting hypocrisy from which all my better feelings revolted
with loathing and disgust. I felt that the attempt would
render my life one continued lie.. No course then remained
for me by which I could.be rescued from the horrors of my
position except either self-destruction or to withdraw myself
openly from you, and resign myself to him who engrossed
all my affections. To have adopted the only intermediate
measure, by indulging in his society and secretly committing
infidelity to you, while I continued to profess the feelings and
perform the obligations of a wife, was one of which I was al-
together incapable. I, therefore, after viewing my situation
and examining my heart, determined to abandon a position
which I could not conscientiously maintain ; and I did ac-
cordingly on Friday last; deliberately and advisedly, and not
in a moment of excitement, or under any sudden impulse of
feeling, leave my home, and'place myself in the hands of him
to whom my affectioni had been surrendered. _ _

" Need I assure yoU that 'up to the hour I quitted your
door I never was gnilty of any act injurious to your
honour, or incompatible with the vows I had made you • what
I have done I have dune openly, and have not added the
meanness of falsehood and deception to the sin of infidelity.
While by this formal confession I place in your hands the
power of releasing yourself from the tie which binds me to
you, and of preserving the rights of our children from the
possible consequences of my act, I am prompted, as much
by my feelings as my duty, to declare, most unequivocally,
that, what I•liave done has not been caused by any absence
of kindness and affection on your part ; that on the contrary,
from the day of our marriage to the day of my departure from
you, you have been most kind, most tender, most affectionate,
and I am deeply sensible that you have deserved a very dif-
ferent return from any that it has been in my power to make.
" As I believe and trust that my own conduct, as well as
that of the person to whom I am now united, has been, up
to the hour of my separation from you, such as to afford no
grounds for objection and suspicion, you cannot, I presume,
have any means of knowing. who that person is ; it is neces-
sary, therefore, that I should inform you that it is Dr. Lard-
ner. Neither he nor myself desire to offer any extenuation,
much less defence, of our conduct. We feel it, however, to
be only justice to ourselves to say, that we are prepared to
suffer all the evils attendant upon a total change of pecuni-
ary circumstances, as the inevitable consequences of the step
we have taken. I have come to him destitute of any means
of support, and bringing nothing with me but the few articles
of dress I have upon my person. He has surrendered a
large income which he has for many years enjoyed, arising
from his professional labour. Banished as he must he, to a
foreign country, damaged in character by the very measure
which gives me to him, removed from all those connections
on which the profitable occupation of his time has hitherto
depended. he is at this moment uncertain where or how he
may obtain even that very small income which will suffice to
supply our most moderate wants and wisher. Not foresee-
ing an exigency like the present, he has not realised any con-
siderable amount of property : nothing, in fact, which can
materially aid us in our present position. We were both
fully aware of these formidable difficulties and sacrifices, but
he felt, that any sacrifice, however great, would be most
willingly made by him to soften the evils attendant upon the
position which I must assume. Now, in conclusion, allow
me to express a hope that the first anguish attending the
misfortune has been arranged: You will see that your peace
and comfort will be more promoted by losing me altogether,
than by ,retaining me without retaining my affection. That
would be irksome to you, and you would have the pain of
seeing me daily consumed by a hopeless attachment to
another, which would eat into my heart, until I should be
reduced to the mere shadow of myself, and which must,
after a brief period, have brought me to the grave. It is
not likely that you will feel any'disposition to communicate
further with me, but, as we still have some common interests.
I feel that it is my duty to.supply you with the means of
such communication, should it be necessary. Anything
which is addressed to Airs. Williams,' No. 17, Old Burling-
ton-street, will be forwarded to me.—Believe me still, your
most sincere and grateful friend, _

“ MARY UHAVISIDE.”
" It is my wish, if you have no objection, that this letter,
or a copy of it, should be sent to my father."

—Now; gentlemen, I must call your attention to a letter
written by Mrs. Heaviside to her father under the same cir-
cumstances as relates to the controul of Dr. Lardner as the
last. [The learned gentleman then proceeded to read the
letter of Mrs. Heaviside to her father. It resembled the
preceding in its tone and sentiments. -After acknowledging
the kindness and considerate tenderneSs evinced in -her
father's letter, she proceeds to say that " neither he, nor her
other relations understood her feelings," and deprecates the
idea that what she had done had beendone " in a fi t of insanity."
With reference to the advice she had received from her
father, she says—" Were I now to adopt that suggestion
which your love for me, rather than your better judgment,
has induced you to make, I should be signing my own con-
demnation, as well with the present generation as with pos-
terity." With reference to Dr. Lardner, she remarks—
" Whatever difference of opinion individuals may entertain
respecting his merits, Dr. Lardner has held so conspicuous
a position in public 'if; and is so well known in every part
of the world, that one connected with him as I am must ex-
pect to be subject to more than ordinary scrutiny." (Mr.
Thesiger here observed that this part of the letter had
been corrected in the handwriting of Dr. Lardner.)
after declaring her " profound and unalterable attachment "
to Dr. Lardner, sho declares that she had been influenced by
" those licentious motives which too often influence women."
She then proceeds.—" You say that a special clause will be
introduced into the act of divorce to prevent my marriage.
You must, in common with every well-informed person, be
aware, that such a prohibition is not customary, and if it were
introduced in this case, it must be done on special grounds,
or through the exercise of some special influence. No special
grounds exist for such a prohibition, and if any sinister in-
fluence should be exerted to deprive me of the means of rec-
tifying my position, and receiving at the altar the vows of
him for whose sake I have made so terrible a sacrifice, I have
no refuge except in the consolation arising from the reflection
that the state in which he and I will be compelled to live is
one which we should use every means in our power to avoid.
We feel that we are already as strongly bound to each other
by every tie for which we entertain respect as marriage could
make us, anti if we look forward to that ceremony hereafter,
it is not for the sake of ourselves, but with a view. to the opi-
nion of the world, and to the interests of those to whom we
may give birth."—The remainder of the letter chiefly, related
to pecuniary matters.—The learned counsel then proceeded--
Gentlemen, I have already explained to you that those letters
bear the marks of having been controlled and dictated by the
defendant ; and I will now call your attention to this extra-
ordinary circumstance, which accompanies them all, and
which also accompanies another letter. which I shall pre-
sently produce to you, and which was written by Dr. Lard-
ner' himself. You observe that both in the letters to the hus-
band and to the father, there is a strong and earnest
desire expressed that there may be no intervention on the
part of the family to prevent a divorce. I think I am en-
titled to say that circumstances give me some clue to the
motives by which the conduct of the defendant has been
actuated. Mrs. Hetiviside is entitled under her settlement,
in the event of her surviving her husband, to an income of
£3OOO per annum; and in the event of her surviving her
father and mother, she is absolutely entitled to a further sum
of £13,000. The interest of the large sum settled by Mr.
Heaviside at his marriage, and the other sum to which Mrs.
Heaviside is entitled by another settlement, never could be-
come the property of the defendant unless a divorce took
place ; and the earnest anxiety which he betrays on his part
that a divorce should be obtained, betrays also, and conclu-
sively to my mind, the mercenary and sordid motives which
actuate his whole conchict. He writes to Mr. Divett, the
member for Exeter, in these terms. His letter is dated the
14th March, the very day after the elopement

" Great Queen-street, Westminster, March 14, 1840.
" My dear Sir—Before this letter will reach your hands
you will have learned the circumstance which has produced
it; it is, therefore, unnecessary for me to inflict on you and
myself the pain of its recital. Your old and attached friend,
Mrs. Heaviside, supplicates you, by all the sentiments of
regard you have entertained towards her, to exert your in-
fluence to urge her husband to pursue with all possible ex-
pedition the steps necessary for the dissolution of their mar-
riage. This course he ought to take for the sake of the
rights and interests of their children, which her present
situation endangers ; but what she implores you as her for-
ever-valued friend to consider is, that such a proceeding on
his part is the only chance she has of recovering, as far as it
can be recovered, her right position, by having it-in her
power to unite herself in marriage with him for the love of
whom she has made so terrible a- sacrifice. It is, I hope,
needless for me to say that 1 impute no part of her conduct.
to impurity of mind, or to any quality which renders a union
with her less desirable to me than it would be were she an
unmarried woman with a reputation the most unsullied.
Whenever she shall be capable of contracting marriage, I
shall be most proud and happy to make her my wife, and un-
til then she shall be cherished by me with as much tender-
ness, and treated with as scrupulous respect as if the word
which unites us had all the sanction and force of marriage.
You will not suppose that I should of myself take the liberty
of addressing this letter to you. It is done altogether by the
desire of Mrs. Heaviside, who wishes me to say to you, that
if you should have any communication to make to her, it will
reach by being addressed under cover to me. She has writ-
ten a full disclosure of her feelings and conduct to her hus-
band, which she hope'S his long friendship and intimacy with
you will induce him to show you.
(Signed) " D. LARDNER."
Now, gentlemen, am I not justified in the observations 1
have made ? Is it not perfectly apparent that the £20,000.,
in case Mrs. Heaviside survived her husband and children,
the £l,OOO. per year in the .event of her surviving him, and
the £13,000. absolutely in the event of her surviving her
father and mother, who are both advanced in life—that these
formed the motives which operated on the' mind of the de-
fendant, and induced him to proceed in a course so ruinous
to Mrs: Heaviside, and so fatal to the happiness and peace of
mind of the plaintiff? It is unnecessary for me to press upon
your attention the deep, the lasting, misery inflicted on the
plaintiff by the means of the defendant. If the grave had
closed between him and the unhappy partner of his life when
she was in a state of purity and innocence, heavy; indeed, must
the calamity, have been, but he might have borne it with pa-
tience and resignation. If, in those trials which must happen
to us all in this chequered scene of existence, it pleases pro-
vidence to visit us with the heaviest of all afflictions, the
death of a wife, the cherished partner of our bosom, though
the tears must fall, and the heart must bleed, yet the sorrow
which we feel is not without its consolation and its dignity.
We are stricken and afflicted by the hand of God, and we
must bow to his mysterious dispensations ; and when time, at
last, arrives with healing on its wings, the heart will close
on its cherished object, and it will be embalmed for ever in
our most sacred and endearing recollections. But when our
joys are nipped in the blossom by the withering hand of an
adulterer, no such feeling of consolation remains—every
thought has a scorpion's sting, and every memory is mad-
ness. There are the outraged feelings of a husband—his
wounded heart—his deceived affections—there is the pity of
the world, so like its scorn ; there are the constantly irri-
tating recollections of the disgrace brought upon his home
by an adultress ; all these recollections fester and rankle in
the heart, and no time can cure them. This, and more, has

the, plaintiff endured at the hands of the defendant, and he.
now is compelled to appear before you, to seek for the piti-
ful recompense which the laws of his country afford him for
an injury for which it is almost degrading to ask for pecu-
niary compensation. But as this is the only redress which
the law affords, I do, on the present occasion, earnestly,
most earnestly, hope that you will not be niggard in
dealing out the amount of damages against the defendant.
On occasions of this kind the estimate which a jury makes of
the damages which a plaintiff is entitled to, is generally com-
pounded of the estimation in which they consider the plain-
tiff has maintained the dcmestic relation invaded, the loss
sustained, and the nature of the misconduct of the defendant.
In addition to all this, it is usual to consider, amongst other
circumstances, the pecuniary circumstances of the defendant
himself. I have never been able to understand on what prin-
ciple any such consideration should be involved in an inquiry
like this. If a trespasser invade my property and spoil my
goods, I am entitled to recover from him a full indemnity for
my loss, whatever may be his condition in life, or whatever
may be his pecuniary circumstances ; and shall it be said,
when a man has committed a much higher trespass—when he
has inflicted on me a far greater injury—when he has invaded
and destroyed the peace of my home—that the consideration
of the amount of his property is to enter into the estimate of
a jury in awarding damages for the injury sustained ? If
Mr. Heaviside had been called upon, and asked whether he
would barter his domestic peace, sell his honour, consent to
make his wife and the mother of his children an outcast of
society, and a disgrace to his family, for £lo,ooo—at which
amount, since it is necessary to limit the claim, the damages
have been laid in his declaration—if he had been asked such a
question as this, what would have been his answer ? He would
have rejected it with scorn and indignation. And is there any
thing to induce you to take a different view of the damages ?
And if you do take circumstances into consideration, just see
in what a situation the defendant proposes to place himself.
He has taken from the plaintiff the sum of £13,000 which
would have been his if the marriage continued. He has ac-
tually placed himself in the position of securing to himself
all the benefits arising to Mrs. Heaviside from the settle-
ment made upon herby her unhappy and deceived husband.
I am almost ashamed to descend to this sort of calculation,
but it is unfortunately necessary in cases of this kind, and
whether you look to the amount of injury, or whether you
look to the circumstances in which the defendant has placed
himself, there is no reason why you should abate one far-
thing of the claim to which the plaintiff has been advised
to limit himself. Who are the parties beore you ? On the
one hand you have a husband and a father, unexceptionable
in both these tender relations. You have seen him living in
comfort and luxury, devoted to his wife, deserving her at-
tachment, living within his domestic circle, and finding in
that endearing home (that .word which strikes upon every
heart with a thousand tender associations) everything which
he could desire in this world. You find him in the midst of
all this happiness suddenly broken in upon by rash intrusion
of an adulterer, and he now appears before you heart-broken.
Every joy, every comfort, every hope shattered and annihi-
lated. You have his children, at a time of life when they most
require the watchful care and protection of a mother, not only
deprived of that protection, but compelled almost to forget
her very existence. Imagine the miserable situation to which
these poor childrtin are reduced. Their young affections to
be instructed to forget that being whose smile first welcomed
them into the world, who poured into their infant veins the
simple nourishment of existence, and who led them through
the path of infancy with that tender care, with that anxiety,
that labour, that anxious watchfulness, that absence of self,
which a mother's heart can alone exhibit—which a mother's
heart can alone enjoy. On the other hand you have a man
advanced in life, of mature reason and judgment, with power
to control his passions, and, under the imperative obligation
which every man has upon him, to resist temptation. You
find that man pursuing a cold, calculating, systematic course
of seduction, and, as is apparent from his conduct, from the
most paltry and sordid motives. If ever there was a case of
this description presented itself to a jury in which every
man's feelings would agree that the law should be carried to
its fullest extent—if ever there was a case in which you should
take the full benefit of the privilege conferred upon you to
render justice as far as it is in your power, and to the full
extent of your power. this is emphatically the case. I earn-
estly supplicate you, for the sake of justice, not in the small-
est degree to reduce the amount of damages which the plain-
tiff claims. There is not one single palliating circumstance
—there is nothing in the case to extenuate in the slightest
degree the conduct of the defendant. On the other hand the
plaintiff stands out clear and irreproachable, without spot,
mark, or stain on his character. All that you have heard of
the transaction appeals to you for the fullest compensation,
and I earnestly implore you, for the sake of public justice,
that the appeal will not be made in vain.

The learned gentleman, at different periods of his speech,
wes much affected : and many ladies in the court expressed
by tears their sympathy with his eloquence.
The certificate of marriage of the plaintiff and Mrs.
Heaviside was then put in and read.
Anne Smith, examined by Mr. PLATT.-1 was the servant
of Mr. Heaviside in March lest, and had been so for eight
years. It was my duty to attend on Mrs. Heaviside, who
then lived in Brunswick-square, Brighton. I remember the
defendant visiting there. He first came there about Christ.
mas last, and he came there often after that time. He came
about lunch-time every day. Mr. Heaviside was sometimes
at home in these visits, and sometimes he was not. When
he was not at home, the defendant was introduced into the
drawiug-room. Mr. Heaviside was then sometimes at the
Town-hall, and sometimes at the railway, of which he was a
director. I was housekeeper and lady's maid in the family.
Mrs. Heaviside was a very reserved person, and I never
remember her mentioning defendant's name. Defendant
dined two or three times at family dinners at the house,
when Mr. Heaviside and other friends were present. I
recollect Mr. Heaviside going to London on the 11th of
March. He was expected to return on the 13th. I re-
member on the morning of the 13th, at half-past ten o'clock,
Mrs. Heaviside going out, when she said she was about
going to visit Mrs. Greville, at whose house she said it was
likely she would dine. At six o'clock I went to her room
to put out Mrs. Heaviside's things for dinner in case she
returned, and saw the combs and brushes and the toilet
things were gone away. That excited my suspicions, and I
communicated that circumstance to the butler, and he went
to see if she was there. He returned ; and, in consequence
of what he heard, he went to Lewis and Allonby's to inquire
about a box of Mrs. Heaviside's, which was stated to be gone
away, and the butler went in a chaise to Mr. Heaviside, who
returned at half-past nine o'clock that night. I saw him first,
and told him of Mrs. Heaviside's absence. I said to him
what I have told the court, and on hearing it he became in-
sensible, and continued so for two hours. He then went to
bed and had a fit of ague, which continued all night. His
sufferings appeared to be very great. I found a note in the
basket in the drawing-room, which I gave to Mr. Heaviside.
It was a note from my mistress ; he could not read it. I
read a part of it to him. I gave it to him, and I did not see
it afterwards. Mr. and Mrs. Heaviside lived on most com-
fortable terms, and he was very affectionate to her. One of
the children was born after I went there. They had three
children altogether.
Cross-examined by Mr. Sergeant CITANNELL.—Dr. Lard-
ner .dined at the house about six times, and the occasion I
mentioned was the first on which I saw him. I mean at
Christmas.

Mary Sandford, examined by Mr. PETERSDORPF.---I am
chambermaid at the Adelaide Hotel, London-bridge. I re-
member Mrs. Heaviside and defendant coming there on the
12th March last. Apartments had been prepared for them
befcire they came. They dined there. There was a bed-
room and a sitting-room taken by them, and they occupied
one sleeping apartment, and they left early next morning.
Tbey left in a small boat, to go in the Ostend packet.
Richard Pegler,. butler to the plaintiff for eight years. de-
posed to the amicable terms upon which Mr. and Mrs.
Heaviside lived together.
Col. William Spicer gave evidence to the same effect.
Mr. Edward Divett, the Countess Dowager of Carhamp-
ton, the Hon. Mrs. Greville, Mr. J. N. Wigney, Lady
Campbell, and Mrs. Wigney, gave similar evidence.
The settlement upon the marriage of Col. Spicer and Miss
Riddle was then put in, showing that £13,000 was settled on
Mrs. Heaviside. _ _ _ _

The settlement of Mr. Heaviside and Miss Spicer on their
marriage was also put in, showing that £20,000 was settled
by him on himself for life, and on Mrs. Heaviside after his
death, and then on their children.

The letters read by Mr. THEsIGER were then put in, and
also the drafts of the letters read by him in the course of
his opening address.

Mr. Sergeant CHANNELL then rose to address the jury
for the defendant, but he spoke in so low a tone that much
of his speech was inaudible in the seat were the reporters
were placed. He said that he felt considerable anxiety as
counsel for the defendant. The advocate for the defendant
in such. a case was always conscious that .he did not receive
the willing attention of a jury, or their willing inquiry into
his arguments. The plaintiff complained that the defendant
eloped with his wife; he admitted this. He admitted also
that they had taken the route which had been described,
and that she was now under the defendant's protection.
Upon these facts the plaintiff was entitled to their verdict,
and to damages which must be a compensation for the
feelings which he admitted had been injured and wounded.
His instructions were not to disparage in the slightest degree
the honour of Mr. Heaviside, or to reflect upon his conduct
as a husband or a father. Their verdict must be for damages
for .the loss upon their estimate of the injured feelings of Mr.
Heaviside, according to the evidence produced before them.
But his learned friend asked for damages of a very different
description—he asked for damages of the most extensive cha-
racter. This had been the great object of his impassioned
address. He would, however, direct the attention of the
jury to the principle by which they should estimate their
damages so as to meet the justice of the case. The plaintiff
and his wife had made a happy marriage, and he enjoyed the
full and confiding affection of his wife. They were blessed
with affluence.. This state of happiness had been lost ; it had
been broken in upon by the act of the defendant ; but it was
not upon the fact of the elopement, or that the lady was
now under the protection of the defendant, that they
were to measure the damages. They must take into con-
sideration the whole facts in connection with the evidence. •
How, then, did the case stand ? Here was a lady neither
young nor inexperienced, a lady who had been married for
sixteen years, the mother of a family, constantly abroad in
society; in the frequent habit of seeing company of the first
respectability and intelligence at her own home, and merit-
ing the eulogium which had been, no doubt justly, paid
her by• his learned •friend; • that her society was courted
by all who had her acquaintance. Such being the facts of
the case, was he not justified in saying that she could
not he considered as a victim caught in the toils of a deli-
berate seducer, a character which his learned friend im-
puted to his (Mr: Sergeant Channell's) client. When,
therefore, he looked at the age of Mrs. Heaviside—when he
considered the way in which she went into society—when
he found that, after an acquaintance of three months with
the defendant, she left borne with him—and when he re-
fleeted that the visits of Dr. Lardner to the plaintiff's house,
by invitation, were only live in number—that the evidence
of the servants only proved that the defendant was at the
house of the plaintiff two or three times to dinner, and-
had paid some five or six morning calls—was he not
warranted in saying, that if they dismissed • from their
minds all the prejudice which, no doubt, had been created
there by the powerful and able address of his learned friend
—and that if they could be induced to look at all the circum-
stances of the case in their fair and natural position-1111.s.
Heaviside was not the unsuspecting victim of, the arts of a
deliberate seducer, as his client was designated; and that
while Dr. Lardner might be justly assailed as the cause of
the plaintiff's present distressed position, yet he ought not to
have the imputation of a deliberate seducer thrown upon
him ; and further, that there was not that state of bliss
existing between the plaintiff and his wife tip to the period of
the visits of Dr: Lardner, which was stated to them by his
learned friend, and which he admitted had been borne testi-
mony to by 'so many highly respectable witnesses. He
Called on them to look at all the circumstances of the case
before they came to the conclusion that the defendant ought
to be called upon in this case to pay heavy damages. He
used these observations, not with a view of desiring that they
should not look with proper sympathy at the situation in which
Mr. Heaviside was placed, but that they would be careful that
while on the one hand they aid justice, they would not on the
other allow unfair prejudices to operate upon their minds so as
to induce them to deal in an unnecessary harsh manner towards
Dr. L. The learned counsel then proceeded to sum up his
previous argument, and after alluding to the length of time
the lady had been married, the shortness of her acquaintance
with the defendant, the painful position in which the defend-
ant was placed, and the blighted nature of his pecuniary
prospects, he contended that the degree of guilt imputed to
Dr. Lardner was by no means of that atrocious character
which his learned brother had described, and that the heavy
damages called for were not only unsuitable to the offence,
but quite inconsistent with the defendant's circumstances.
Upon the protection and support of the defendant the wife of
the plaintiff must in future depend ; and would the jury, un-
der all the circumstances, consent to return such a verdict

as Would for ever crush alike the defendant and the unhappy
lady, and consign both to hopeless penury. That there must be a verdict against his client he admitted, but he hoped the
jury would be content with' giving such moderate damages
°a Y as the justice of the case and the circumstances re-

(mired

Mr. Baron GURNEY then proceeded to sum up as follows:
Gentlemen of the jury, this case has now 'arrived at the
period when it becomes my duty to lay before you the evi-
dence in support of the case on which the plaintiff grounds
his claim for damages for the
as h alleges, and
which the defendant admits he hwrong done.which Ite is a case in
which it becomes especially necessary for you calmly and dis-
Passionately to take the whole circumstances into your con-
sideration and judgment, in order that due justice may be
done between the-parties. It is for you to say, upon a view
of all the circumstances of this case, what is the extent of the
injury sustained by the plaintiff; for by the extent of the in-
JttrY you must be guided in awarding the amount of compen-
sation. It appears on the evidence that the plaintiff was
married to his lady in the year 1824—that he has three
"Wren, two of them daughters—one daughter having at-
tained the age of fourteen years. It appears further that
at-
tai lady is entitled under the marriage settlement of her
ather and mother to a reversionary interest in £13,000. It
also appears that, at the period of the marriage, the plaintiff
settled the sum of £20,000, the interest of which was
settled upon the lady in case of her surviving him, with
IPower to her to apportion the principal amongst their chil-
rnin case of her surviving him, and the children
'Xing under 21, then to herself. This settlement is cer-
ainlY evidence of very strong affection on the part of the
husband at the time of the marriage, and by it he placed
the lady, as far as circumstances are concerned, in a
,§lmost respectable situation. It appears that for the last
it or nine years the plaintiff and his wife resided in
Brighton, and that they moved in a most respectable
Tcircle of society. Indeed, one of the witnesses mentioned a
e ong and most remarkable circumstance—viz., that during
whole period of their intercourse he never knew Mrs.
Heaviside to be out in the evening unaccompanied by her
husband, but on one occasion. It is certainly very rarely in
society that husband and wife can so invariably be found in
society together. As to the terms on which they lived, you
have the evidence of four ladies and two gentlemen who have
known them intimately, and they have all declared that they
lived together on terms of the greatest possible affection.
[After carefully recapitulating the evidence, his lordship
concluded by stating, that the jury had only to take the
amount of damages into consideration, and to weigh all the
circumstances of the case.]
The jury then retired.
Shortly after the jury retired they again came into court,
and asked, if Mrs. Heaviside were divorced and were married'
to Dr. Lardner, 'would any children of the second marriage
partake of the benefit of the interest of the £20,000 in
caSe
of the death of the plaintiff and Mrs. Heaviside.
Mr. Baron GURNEY said, that they were not, wider the
settlement, entitled to it, the settlement being only on the
children of the plaintiff by Mrs. Heaviside.
It was then asked, would Mrs. Heaviside, if divorced, be
entitled to the interest of the £20,000 on the death of Mr.
Heaviside ?
Mr. Baron GURNEY said that she would, unless the legis-
lature in a divorce act provided otherwise.
It Was again asked, if Dr. Lardner married Mrs. Heavi-
Side divorced from her present husband, and were com-
Pelted to take the benefit of the Insolvent Act, would he
be compelled to ive Mrs. Heaviside the benefit of the
13,000 settled on her by settlement of her father and
Mother?
taker. Baron GURNEY said the jury had not any right to
that point into consideration, but they might, as had
i;en suggested to him, consider the loss which Mr.
I,?eaviside might sustain in reference to the £13,000, if a
!Itivorce took place. The learned judge remarked also, that
was evident from the letters which had been read, that
Qrther correspondence had taken place between defendant
and Mrs. Heaviside, although the witnesses were unable to
aPeak to it.
The '
el' jury, after two hours' deliberation, returned a ver-
-I,loetuNfopr
stbe plaintiff. Damages EIGHT THOUSAND

thaSafell is the universal love of the Duke of Wellington, and
Tgth,ri ear of his death, that there are people who go to the
of wishing there could be an act of parliament passed
(4413Pefling the duke " to care of himself."
'Il T
„..,•.?„--ss OF THE KING OF THE FRENCH.---1 regret ex.
hea!e '"InVY to state, that a rumour is prevalent, in the best
rts' that the King is suffering under an affection of the
ii;,s, which inspires uneasiness in the minds of his friends.
eaeafthere is no external symptom in this malady, the public
t4IIY, who see nothing in his appearance to indicate dis-
,,ffe,Pnagine that he is quite well. We know, however, that
tairi"lons of the heart frequently exist without external symp-
but 8.
A limn may live with such a malady to a very old age ;
F, on the other hand, he may go off quite suddenly. God
s' of .nt that the rumour
to which I have alluded may be utterly
f4unded ! for never has France had a better, I may say so
)°°dKing : never could society exhibit in so elevated a
triti" a better man. I shall rejoice to see the rumourcon-
, it.—Evening P
~a Icted from authority, although I have felt it right to no-
tice
paper.
f 'HE SANcrrry OF TILE To mu.—lt is well known, that
W
,
et'Y, considerable alarm was manifested that the grave
‘,ll4'd be robbed of its deposits by the intrusion of the
resurrectionist*" An act of the legislature had the effect
at* destroying the temptation to purloin the dead but the
tigraredve is still insecure. Grounds, accustomed to, be held
nden, are
unceremoniously cleared under official superin-
eee ; and that too with such ruthless indifference and
dv-Inen publicity, that' even passers-by complain of the in-
eeent profanation.—Gatherings from Grave Yards.

_ IMPoSTUItES OF THE TURKISH- DERVIEHES.—The per.
rertnanees of a sect of these pretended devotees I witnessed
!at Bagdad. They assembled on Fridays, in a small open
,(tuare, which was overlooked by the terraces of the Resi-
uneY A little circle of spectators was formed, and the ser-
vice began with a prayer by an Imam, standing in the centre.
This ended, a row of players beat their small drums, and the
exercises commenced. First there stepped into the circle a
Man, bareheaded, and naked from the waist upward. Ile
carried in his hands two irons, in the shape of cows' horns.
Another followed, with the upper part of his person exposed
like the first, but carrying a sword in his right hand. bore two rods of iron, sharpened, like the horns, at one end,
A third
and terminated, at the other, by wooden balls.
T re-
yolved upon the; rods, and, as they revolved, little bits of
Iran which hung about them, swung out, and bristled on
ejtea side. As the music played, these devotees became ex-
The , uir, as they would say, inspired. They began to dance.
first struck the sharp ends of the horns with great ap-
parent violence into his side. The second seized the blade
off hi 3 sword with his left hand, holding the handle in the
atn
g, and beat the edge with all his might against his
revolniach. The third brandished his rods, made the balls
ve, r
eevolve, and then struck the projecting irons with great
th ncrust the
against his temples and eyes. He would then
Pointed of the ro jritos heeks,
and walk about with theextremities ds
balls elevated in the Lai.c After
the man with the sword had beat himself for a few
ipinutes, he pressed the weapon upon his stomach with great
cr."' and, at the same time, stooping forward, the flesh
CalfQ'ed cut evin twoer it, so that he appeared, as lie pretended to be,
a.
In this posture lie advanced to an Imam
!Fated in the circle, who laid hold of it by the two extremi-
Vtnt2eB and carefully drew it out, the worshipper, at the same
tlee, gradnally straightenincr himself, and presenting, when
rZas
.again erect, a body entirely uninjured, while, all the
~ , the People stared and gazed and wondered. During
the performance of these juggleries, they cried out with each
c,tr.y, " Allah," while the officiating Imam, ever and anon,
led, at the top of his voice, to the people, to pray to the
dr°Phet. The solution of the whole was that these preten-
:l's professed to be inspired with divine fury, whilst their
1,,-44etitY rendered them invulnerable. God and the prophet
there
, invoked to save them from harm, of which, in truth,
ih'ere was no danger, as the sword had no edge, and the other
ti:81-rilments no points, and they took care, in using them,
th.at,t he force of the blow should be arrested just as it reached
' undYSouthgate's Travels in Turkey and Persia.

-
Viol • dea, , .AT ION OF THE GRAVE.—Deceritly to dispose of the
are and vigilantly to secure their remains from violation,
1 jnai,nong the first duties of society; our domestic endear-
r.e.._et, , our social attachments, our national prepossessions,
tizi ct and sanctify the resting-places of our forefathers ;
at bet barbarous of mankind would burn with indignation
tti a 01ding the last remains of a beloved relative exposed,
sh,ig, or mutilated ; and yet among us, in a moral and
its ci`l•in country, the abode of the dead is openly violated,
ePosits are sacrilegeously disturbed and ejected, the
the tenderd solicitudes of survivors are cruelly sported with, and
entity of re
the 1 lationship is destroyed ; so eager, indeed, is
ev_ haste to dispossess previous occupants, that time is not
ptie.° allowed for the gradual dissipation of decaying human
tarn`r.cscence ; this is eliminated in gaseous profusion, con-
\-\..7sinariog, as it circulates, the habitations of the living.
, ,ue.nce this rude invasion of the tomb ? How can we re-
ti?pcile the previous anxieties of survivors to secure a respect-
'c interment with the subsequent unconcern, neglect, or
abandonment of the localities of the dead ? I shall not pre-
leto solve these questions ; however, I cannot help
thinking that
. that the depredations of the " grave yard" are com-
disregarded, from a feeling and a desire common
every man, a feeling of unwillingness to believe that his
°"'11 friends have been disturbed, and a natural desire to
avoid the renewal of melancholy reminiscences. "All men
i'sli_nkr all men mortal but themselves." This self-delusion
I,.ca tied yet further, for while every man readily sympa-
lTsci with others at the disturbance of their dead, he believes
's own depository secure, and his future repose inviolable.—
Gatherings from Grave Yards.
TURKISH TREATMENT OF CHRISTIANS.-011 the morn-
ing of the paschal procession, after the public prayer was
ended, it belonged to the soldiers to carry back the mats which
had served them in their devotions, to the place whence they
were taken. Instead, however, of performing the labour
themselves, they dispersed throug
out h the crowds, and singlin the rayalis (subjects of the Sultan not Mussulmans) whog happened to be there, compelled them to take the mats upon
their shoulders, and bear them for them. The Greeks, whose
buoyancy of spirit nothing can repress, made sport of it.
The timorous and cringing Jews tamely submitted to the in-
dignity in silence. A soldier followed each one to keep him
from deserting his burden, now and then administering a
kick when he halted or ventured to remonstrate. I saw only
one Armenian seized. He was a young man of respectable
aPpearance, and refused, when arrested, to perform the scan-
dalous, task, Immediately some twenty soldiers set upon
114, and attempted to beat him into submission. He resisted
manfully for a few minutes, while they, standing like a foot-
"all. Ile offered to hire a porter to carry the burden, but they
Persisted in imposing the contumely upon him. Some Ar-
Nenians sitting in a caf6 near at hand, looked upon the
scene in evident consternation, and soon began to slip off in
another direction. At this moment I approached the soldiers
With an American friend, who had been with me through all
the scenes of the morning. As we came up they desisted,
4511di had we been able to expostulate with them in their own
_`°ngue, the Armenian might easily have been rescued. But
when they found that we had no power to interpse they the ignominy
their assault, cud succeeded at length o
i i nimposing
,rie ignominy on the young man, who walked away under his
thourdm, sobbing with shame and vexation. we knew that
e insult was forced upon him because he was a christian.
dwitnessed other scenes of a similar kind during the following
ays of the festival. They filled me with the deepest indig-
ation, but the oppression of rayah became afterwards so
amiliar a sight to me, that the first effects gradually ceased.
It •
„ Is only now, when looking back upon those scenes from
firstfavoured home of christianity, that I feel a return of the
"rst glow of indignation, and mourn, as I then sincerely
nere
lanurnedshe held her earliest, over the desdatand broadest se heritage of
waZion, in the lands
y.—South.qate's
travels in Turkey and Persia.
I NLCESSITY OF SUPERINTENDING BURIAL GROUNDS.—
au' fully convinced, after the most mature reflection, that
all the evils
apprehended by the French executive, from the
i„'ell Prevailinr, custom of interment throughout France, may,
ptil_'` ao increase'd ratio, be anticipated in this country,—for
very lately the burial places (if the metropolis and of
bi_le provinces have been under no superintendence. Public
(11utiles or private individuals have been at liberty to allot
'04141s or to choose depositories for the reception of the
t cad, without limitation as. to number, without controul as
° locality, or the disposition of the charge with which they
,vi ere
;, entrusted ; and it is proved that private individuals •
;.v_e. availed themselves to an alarming and most injurious
,h`'llt of the ignorance or poverty of survivors. I have
;hag that that in many places more bodies have been received
pa.° could possibly be interred without a brutal and indecent
,IsPossession of previous occupants, and that the surround- must necessarily be endangered from the
.'"w9lluous emanations given off from vaults and grave yards,
41,itiotini:h Piles of bodies, confined within their slender habi-
3arsins—‘; zlre in some instances methodically, and in others
—44°LislY, arranged,---Gatheringsfrom Grave Yards,