The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1841-02-19 00:00:00

SERIOUS CHARGE OP ROBBERY.

One of the most extensive house robberies which has come
to light for some time, has just been detected. The parties
accused are Sarah Pugh, who has for the last three years
been employed as maid servant to Mr. Rodolph Zwilchen-
hart, and her brother-in-law and sister, Robert Jones and
Ann Jones. The case was gone into shortly on Monday last,
and was resumed before R. Rodick and John Formby, Esqrs.,
county magistrates, in the grand jury-room, Sessions-house.
The room was much crowded with the friends 'of the parties.
Mr. Wilkins, the barrister, appeared on behalf of the pri-
soners. The prisoner Sarah Pugh is a very interesting look-
ing female, and was, we understand, about to be married.
Mrs. Jones had a baby in her arms, and, as well as her hus-
band, appeared deeply afflicted at her situation ; but her sis-
ter scarcely evinced the least discomfiture. The following
is the evidence adduced :
Roddlph Zwilchenbart said he was a merchant, and resided
at Walton-on-the-Hill. He had resided there since the 7th
September, the time he left Shaw-street, Everton. The pri-
soner Sarah Pugh was in his service, and had been so between
two and three years. She was engaged as nurse and maid,
to attend upon his late wife. He first began to suspect some-
thing was wrong in the house last Saturday week, in conse-
quence of squabbling about some mourning, which Pugh
said had been delivered deficient. In consequence of these
suspicions he went into the servant boy's room, and took
with him all the servants. He ordered Sarah Pugh to

take the mattress off the boy's bed, which she did. A
piece of mourning-cloth for black dresses, a gown, and
flannel petticoats were fotind. He asked her how these
articles came there. She said it was merino for. dresses,

and. intimated that the. articles were her's. She said she
often put her shawls and other articles there to keep them
straight. In consequence of his suspicions being raised
still more, he asked to see her drawers, and accompanied her
with the other servants into her room. -He opened her draw-
ers, and in them there was some unmade-up linen and calico;
nothing so very important, but still enough to excite still fur-
ther his suspicions. After seeing these things he went down
stairs, called her down, and discharged her then. He told
her he was sorry that such things had happened, but, as he
had now lost all confidence in her, it was better she should
leave his service. He remonstrated with her, and said,
" Now, be very careful ; take only what is your own, and
leave my property untouched." He further ordered her to
call the coachman wbenshe made up her trunk, in order that
he might see every thing as she put it in, as that would be
both satisfactory to- himself and her. She replied that it
would be very strange to leave that very night, and asked to
be allowed to stay till Monday morning, which request was
ranted. He did not see her go away, nor did he seetany
thing that she took with her. He left town for London the
same evening on business, about half an hour after she left.
He returned on the Thursday fullowing,, and, in-Consequence
of many suspicious circumstances occurring, and a greatnum-
ber of articles being missing, he had a regular search through
the house on the Friday morning, when, finding an enormous
quantity of his household clothing missing, he determined
that the prisoner should be followed. There was one ward-
robe entirely empty, and a great number of things missing
every where. There were not half the articles he expected
to find. On the Saturday morning he gave information to
Mr. Whitty of the circumstance. The property which had
been recovered was then produced. in order that Mr. Zwil-
chenbart might identify it. There were eight large boxes,
one wicker basket, and four bandboxes, full of articles of al-
most every kind belonging to a family. Mr. Zwilchenbart
identified four gold rings, a silver pencil case, a silver and
pearl fruit knife, a purge with three silver thimbles in it,
which were found in a small rosewood box belonging to the
prisoner, and in one of the smallest of the other boxes he
identified a pair of cotton stockings, two silk dresses, three
towels, two dressing gowns, a comb, silver thimble, pair of
nail scissors, pair of ladies' mittens, three pocket handker-
chiefs, cotton gown, black crape veil, and black crape tippet,
black cotton stockings, several pairs of gloves, part of which
had either the name " Zwilchenbart," or the maiden name
of his wife, " Margaret Tetlow," upon them. In the same
box there were a great variety of other articles, sheets,
towels, shirts, flannels, &c., which Mr. Zwilchenbart had no

)übt taken from his house: but he could not swear to them

Mr. WILKINS, at this stage of the proceedings, intimated
that, as he did not intend to enter into any defence of the
servant on that occasion, he hoped the parties for the prose-
cution would prcceed with the evidence against the other
two prisoners. He had one request, however, to make; it
was, that the money which was necessary to conduct the pri-
soner's defence, and which could not be identified, should
be given up.—This was agreed to.
Mr. Zwilchenbart, in the course of further examination,
said the articles were taken from various parts of the house ;
and since his wife's death, having confidence in the prisoner,
he had allowed her to keep the keys.
Cross-examined by Mr. WILKINS.—The prisoner came
from Mrs. Logan's to live with him, but she had never seen
his first wife. A quantity of his first wife's clothes were in
his possession when the prisoner came to his house in Shaw-
street. His wife was very kind to the prisoner, whose wages
were first £9 or £lO, and afterwards raised to £ll, expecting
that she would have more work on the increase of the family.
Was aware that sometimes an old worn dress was given to
the prisoner by his wife. - Every three weeks the prisoner
got out on Sunday, which was arranged amongst the servants.
Articles might have been given to her without his knowledge.
Michael O'Hara was examined.—Was an inspector of
police. In consequence of information received he went to
Williams's-court, Upper Mann-street, Toxteth-park, the
residence of the prisoner Jones, on Saturday, the 13th inst.,
accompanied by Jane Williams, cook to Mr. Zwilchenbart.

The cook went to the house first, and he afterwards went up
the court and found Pugh and the cook together at the top of
the steps. Jane Williams said to the prisoner, "This is the
person that wants you.". Witness then went into the house

and told the prisoner that he had come about some things
which had been stolen from Mr. Zwilchenbart. She said
she had none of his property. He then asked her if she bad
any boxes belonging to her, and she said she had. 4 red

. ._ .
box was standing near the door, and she said that was hers,
at the same time opening it with a key. Jane Williams was

.
standing by at time, and he said to her, " As the prisoner
brings the things of h2.r box, when you see any of your was-

ter'sproperty,just speak. Several articles of wearing ap-
parel nere identified as belonging to her master. Prisoner
said these articles had been given to her by her mistress.
Thezook shook-her ,head and-maid, "-Oh, Sarah
told her that was quite sufficient for him ; she might lock
up the box again, whicli she did, and he got the key. Both
Jones and his wife were getting their dinners, it being between
twelve and one o'clock. There was a small rosewood work-
box in the place, which the prisoner said belonged to her sis-

ter, Mrs. Jones, who shook-her head said " No:" He turned
and said to the prisoner, " Why can't you tell me the truth
about this box ; is it yours ? " She seemed fluttered, and
then said it was. It was then opened, and the articles before.
mentioned, and some money were found in it. He then.went
up stairs into the top-room, and saw several other boxes, and
two or three band-boxes. Jones's wife went up shortly after,
but the male prisoner did not come up. He opened two or
three boxes, which the prisoner Pugh said:were hers, but the
cook only saw two or three trifling articles, which she iden-
tified as being her master's. There were two other boxes in
the room, which Mrs. Jones said belonged to a smith, who
was then in Gloucester. The small rosewood box having
money in it, he was anxious to have it counted before he
took it away, and asked the prisoner for the bunch or keys to
unlock, but she said she had given him the keys. A search was
made for them, but they could not be found. A angle key
was subsequently produced, which opened the box, wherein
were nine sovereigns. He then took the prisoner with her
trunks into custody, and they proceeded to the Commission-
er's office in a car. Mr. Zwilchenbart identified some of the
articles foundin the small box, and gave the prisoner into
custody. She was then searched by a charwoman belonging
to the bridewell, and the bunch of keys was found under her
arm. Between six and seven o'clock the same evening, wit-
ness, with another officer, went hack to Jones's house, which
was locked up, but, after waiting a few minutes, Jones came
up, when witness said, "Jones, we are coming to see you
again." He replied, " Very well, sir," opened the door, and
they all walked in. He then went up stairs, Jones leading
the way with a candle, to search the boxes in the top room.
In one box a great quantity of wearing apparel was found,
which Mr. Zwilchenbart afterwards claimed ; some of them
being marked with his own name. He then asked
Jones if he saw that. Jones shook his head, and said
" Yes ; but I know noting about them." He then sent
for a coach, and when The officer was away the wife of
Jones came in, whilst her husband and witness were talking
in the kitchen. Jones was telling how much he had been
put out of the way, in consequence of what had happened.
When Mrs. Jones came in, witness said, " You've done a
pretty thing in telling me a lie about those boxes in the top
room. Now 1 will search your room." The officer who had
gone for the coach had then returned, and they then. all went
into the middle room. There were several boxes in the room.
The first they looked at was a trunk, which she said was her
own, but he had no occasion to look at it, for there was no-
thing in it but what belonged to her. He examined it, and
turned out several articles with Mr. Zwilchenbart's name on.
There were drawers, gowns, a small case with two watches,
table cloths, two pair of boots, two pair of trousers, a package
of tea, some shirts, and a lady's night chemise in the box.
He showed Mrs. Jones the articles with the name on, and
asked her if she could read, but he did not recollect he r answer.
She said there were many articles there which her sister said
were given to her. Her husband was there, and he said that
people might have such things given to them. The next box
they looked into was one which Jones said belonged to a
man who eighteen months ago went up the country, and for
whom he was paying money into a building club. In that
box there was also a number of articles belonging to Mr.
Zwilchenbart, and which bore his name. Therewere besides,
about a dozen pairs of children's fancy boots and shoes, and
many articles lying about the room, which had since been
claimed by Mr. Zwilchenbart. Jones said he knew nothing
about the articles, and rendered;. witnesses nil the assistance
Tie could. At the beittoni of the box there were some clothes
which had not been claimed, and which very likely belOnged
to the man who was up the country. Two other boxes were
found, and in them articles with the name of the prosecutor
upon them. In aches of drawers in the kitchen, many articles
were also found. After emptying the drawers, witness saw a bax
at the end of the drawers. He asked Jones what was in it,
but he said he could not tell. The wife said it was a new
box, and there was nothing in it. On opening it, however,
with a key from the bunch found upon Pugh, there were
found whole pieces of flannel, calico, and linen, as well as a
great quantity of new baby linen, which Mr.- Zwilchenbart
said, was made for the baby, which was expected. There
were also a great number of stockings, a new silk umbrella ;
and at the end of the drawers, four other umbrellas were
found, two of them were identified. In the cellar, tied in a
handkerchief; ten volumes of books were found ; amongst
them was one which had lately been lent to Mrs. Zwilchen-
hart. Another search was made on Monday, when a large
wicker basker, and a band box, were filled with articles
found about the house.

Mr. WILKINS then addressed the bench. He wished it
to be understood that it was his wish that the prisoner Pugh
should not enter into her defence then. He considered that
Jones was au object of consideration; for unless they took
it for granted that a man must be cognizant of every thing
that was in his house, there was no evidence whereby he
could be implicated. He then proceeded at some length
to defend the man and his wife, but the magistrates decided
on sending them all to trial at the next assizes.
John Williams, Jones's landlord, and Mr. Edward Welsh,
an architect, spoke as to the good character of Jones and his
wife, and, at the request of Mr. Wilkins, they were both ad-
mitted to bail. Two sureties of £25 each, and themselves
in £5O, were instantly obtained, and the court adjourned.

SOUTH LANCASHIRE CLUB.—This club met on Wednes-
day and yesterday, and had delightful sport over Southport.
The company present were very numerous. The dinner of
the worthy judge, Mr. George, gave universal satisfaction.—
Fleetwood Cup, won by Mr. Clarke's Lottery, heating She-
ridan; Rossal Cup, won by Mr.,Bennett's Euclid, beating
Cob Cole ; Ckurcktown Cup, won by Mr. Hoghton's Tyrant,
beating Quiz ; Consolation Stakes, won by Mr. Edward's
Manfred, beating Touchstone; Bold Stakes, won by Mr.
Williams Priam, beating Exciseman; Crossen's Stakes, won
by Mr. Eden's Emerald, by Echo.

BIRDS FROM*: TO DEATII.—The hapless condition of the
poor birds during the late snow storm was strikingly evinced
in many instances, where;lbrgetting their natural shyness,
they forsook the'fields and worlds for the wartnth and shelter
of the barn, and farm-house: A gentleman, in Aberdeen-
shire,writing to us a few days since, et
, " -I saw a touch-
'ing sight last week at Tulloch, near Bail ter, about a dozen
of small birds frozen to the branches of a tree, and some
more upoira cart all quite dead. Another -ineident of the
storm, was the somewhat ludicrous circumstance ,of a' poor,
cat that had gone outside of a cottage window, afas
found standing as stiff and starched as a German soldier,
frozen to the spot, but not dead. Some warm water was sp
plied, and the icy chains removed from bartdrotu, 1030 is now
doing well."--/nrerneer Courier.

CORRESPONDENCE

WALSALL ELECTION

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVEI

SlR,—Can you inform me the sepa
by some of the leading liberals of thi
the legal expenees incurred by the
for Walsall.
Report says, a recently made knig,
goodly sum, and not only so, but h
liberally the foraging deputation, in
Your obec

[The worthy knight is probably an
procity system, as he may have to call
jetted candidate and his friends for
when he himself is scouted from the h

PRAYER-BOOK

AND 110 M ILI

TO THE EDITOR OF THE L

Sin --Having noticed in your tab,
had been preached on behalf of the abort
Dr. Byrth, on Sunday Cu.
£2l. was collected ; allow me to actve
the view of commending the claims of
ther consideration and support - -
Liverpool.
The following statement was made
the committee and subscribers, held on
Church-street, G. B. Carter, Esa. treasurer,
During nine years and a half, that is, from I
to the 30th Sept. 1840, the society's agent „.
visited and revisited not fewer than 21,500 gni,
vessels, in endeavouring to promote that depart
society's oljects.

7th inst

'nat.durini the same period the seamen and
boys had been permitted to purchase 3603
prayer-books at reduced prices ; the loss to
the society amounting to
Also, that there had been 1465 books of select
homilies in English, and 3250 homil:,:r tracts
in English and foreign languages, distributed
gratuitously on board the ships visited ; at
the cost of the society, amounting to
The agent's annual stipend for the same period
amounted to

Likewise, books had been granted for use on
board the Mariner's Church, and loss sus-
tained on the purchase of prayer-books at a
reduced price, amounting to
Also, there had been a loss sustained upon the
sale of books to subscribers, and agents' com-
mission, amounting to

Making a total of
The free contributions received by the Parent
Society in London, from the Liverpool Asso-
ciation during the same period, have amounted
to

the chair

Consequently the society has sustained the loss of .;

Every person who can duly appreciate t
scriptural services of our church, containe
common prayer, in the use of them on sho
suredly feel the importance of their use on lx
Some few years ago, our sailors sadly neglc
prayer on board their vessels when at sea ; b
of various Christian institutions, and partic
cessant labonrs of the agents of the Prayer-I'

83 4 0

10 8

vill most

ut, by the eff;r

Society, in visiting ships in the several ports
vine blessing—their attention in many it
successfully awakened to the importar
by a timely supply of prayer-books

ortance of
issued vii

suasive reasoning, many commanders or
crews, have been brought into the practice
The book of common prayer and the homli,
have been the means of enlightening the r.
sailors, of the conversion of some, of consoling
distresses, and of preparing others for a watery ,
Ah ! ye !—who enjoy the blessings of this life :-
who partake of the comforts of fife, temporal an,
being satiated with all the means of grace on shore :-
her the hard labours and perilous dangers of seamen.
Aye, think ! When howling winds, and, thundering storms di
roar ; thou seated on thy soft couch, or easy chair ; still or
the mighty seas—tempest tossed—or sick, or well, the hardy
seamen toil—toil 'midst dangers, oft times fatal to their crazy
bark ; and in loftiest, strongest will, in nature sink, and die.
Let then the heart of sympathy, the hand of charity, the
voice of mercy, be extended to them when in port. Come
forward, relieve this society from its present difficulties of
debt—declare it free—and bid its agents be cheered in their
labours, and still with diligence and perseverance proceed in
their work.

ps, with t

Yours greatly obliged,
THE VISITING SECRETARY OF THE SOCIETY.
*** We beg to call the attention of the public to the so-
ciety's advertisement in another column, where it is stated
by whom contributions to the society are received,—En. S.

THE NEW POOR LAW

TO THE EDITOR OF THE•LIVERFOOL STANDARD,

Sits,—Can you inform your readers whether
vestry intend calling a meeting of ratepayers on tl
of the introduction of new poor law commissioch
really too bad to have the well-regulated and pdpu'
at present in operation uprooted without -
Let the public meet and express th
nable .attempt to legislate for us withou,
have no doubt that such statements would t
satisfy even the bashaws of Somerset House, ti.
here must be for the worse. This is not a r
but amounts just to 'this—either we are n
manage our own business, or else we ar
into submission to a plan which takes aw
the people over their purses, the poor
am, sir, yours, &c.

it SCIIS

coutroul

)ICKE'

THE TOOTH ACTI E.—We beg lead
gleston's remedy for the toothache __
Mr. Clarks, the lessee of the -Livorpooi-0...
theatres. has taken the Theatre-Rrnal, Chester

t is very e

ptem,

ARRIVAL OP THE SOUTH AMERICA.-1:
last evening to Mr. J. 11. Revis. Liverpool
correspondent to the London Glob', •,-
for a file of American pai.
America, Captain Barstow.
papers furnish will be found in another

brcught by th(jtt
The blionnatiun

POSITIVE.—The working people wo.
more for their loaves than see thousands m
who work upon the land of Eng-14nd Corm
corn could be got ch-aper from Bland or
MR. WAKLEY.•--This gentleman, in th
delivered in the House of Commons last we-«, ,
second reading of the Poor Law Bill, prononnced‘the folio
ing commentary on the " liberal" administration :—" In th
term liberal,' according to some'honourabi Members, was
included everything that was great and generouS. Doubting
of these meanings, he bad looked out for the word in Todd's
Johnson, and there he found that its meanings were given as
' generous,' noble," magnanimous," the opposite to par-
simony and parsimoniousness.' He owned, however, that he
did not think those terms applied to the term ' liberal' in its
modern political application." He also observed that " the
great landowners of the conservative body were the natural
protectors of the poor, who looked to them for protection.
They were not alarmed about the corn laws, for they knew
that with the rise in the price of brtad there must be a cor-
responding increase in the rate of wages."

countrymtn

—Post

inst the

THE INDEPENDENT WEST MIDDLESEX ASSURANCE
COMPANY, AND ITS VlCTlM.—Amongst the sufferers is a
very worthy old man, of the name of Samuel Cole, who was
formerly in business in the Market-place, in this town, as a
clogger. He travelled regularly from the neighbouring
towns of Milnethorp, Ambleside, Hawkshead, &c. • but,
notwithstanding the most exemplary steadiness and industry,
he was unfortunate, and failed. He afterwards went to
Liverpool, where he long stood in the streets with a coffee
stall. In this way he managed to scrape together as much
money as enabled him to open a small cook-shop. There he
succeeded so well, that he managed to remit small sums,
from time to time, to his creditors in Kendal; and, in the
end, he came over and paid off every one of them, even with
interest, though he was not at all bound to do so, for by this
time the " statute of limitations" had completely cleared him
of the debt. When he declined business in Liverpool he had
£5OO clear, which he sunk in the Independent West Middle-
sex Company, and came, with his wife, to Kendal, to live the
remainder of his life in independence. He has lost his
" all," and is now going to return to Liverpool, betwixt
sixty and seventy years of age, to re-commence business in a
cook-shop, which, to a man so far advanced in years, must
be a very precarious means of earning a livelihood. It has
been proposed that a subscription should be raised for our
unfortunate Kendal victim ; and certainly a little from eaeh,
who have something to spare, might mitigate the pain anti
privation of the cruel loss which this honest old man has
suffered from his confidence in the integrity of villains.—
Kendal paper.
CLERICAL FIRMNESS.—King George IV., desiring in his
sickness to receive the holy eucharist, had appointed an hour
at which the Bishop of Winchester should administer to him
that blessed sacrament. Through carelessness of one of the
attendants of his majesty, the bishop received a summons for
half an hour after the time appointed by the king. His
majesty was, not unjustly, angry with the attendant ; but
when he seemed to carry his anger beyond the bounds of a
Christian temper, the pious prelate warned his sovereign of
the danger of celebrating the holiest mysteries of our faith in
so improper a spirit, and refused to administer the sacrament
under such circumstances. His majesty immediately re-
called the attendant to his presence; and it was not till he
had expressed his sorrow for his too hasty expression, that
he was admitted to the communion.—The Right Rev. the
Lord Bishop of London, with similar effect, exercised the
like discretion with our present gracious sovereign. Her
majesty was desirous of receiving the Lord's supper, and
being, doubtless, ignorant that it was only to the sick. that
the sacrament ought to be administered in private according
to the rites of the church, she desired the Bishop of London
to administer the sacrament to her in the palace. His lord-
ship represented to her majesty the impropriety of his com-
plying with such a request ; and her majesty, conforming to
the ecclesiastical rule, received the communion in the Chapel
Royal.—These anecdotes are related by the writer from
whom they are borrowed in illustration of the mingled firm-
ness and discretion with which ecclesiastical discipline should
be exercised, so as to promote the object it has in view. This
combination is secured in the clergy of the English Chur
by two circumstances of their condition. They can d
be firm, because they are in no way depe--3
your of those to whom they minister ;
tion, and intercourse with the higher
vents their firmness degenerating int
unfeeling violence.—Enylishman's J
CHRISTENING OF THE PRINCE'
ELIZABETH.—The followi-
tening of the Pfincess F
will not prove altogether umn,
when so much of the public at,
monies attending the christenii.„
Adelaide Louisa. The details are e,
doniaces" of the Countess of Richtnona
there directed, " That there should he
Queen's bed two pair of sheets, of linen, each
broad and five yards long ; two head sheets, three yam.
and four yards long; two long and two square pill°.
fustian, stuffed with fine down ; a pane of scarlt t furred w
ermine, and embroideped with crimson velvet upon velvet 6
rich cloth of gold, and a head-sheet, of like cloth of gold,
furred with ermine. A kevertour of tine lawn, of five bread,'
and six yards long ; a mattress stuffed with wool •
bed, with a bolster of down ; a spawer of erg
broidered with crowns of gold, the
and other devices lined with double
fringe of silk, blue, russet, and gold ;
son damask cloth, cloth of gold ;,.o ar
velvet, plain furred with ermine, 1*
her in her pallet. th
quired that a duchess shu
earl; if a princess,
a countess was to be;
be hang with cl
oer carry the chi
pro
church and altar were
the child was borne d 2 _
00
torches,
ere all place round the foot
elevated, to afford the people an opp
the
In the infant's hand
church, w \Ai&
per, ceremony.
,tobe deposited on the altar.
the serjeant of the King's •
*bout bis neck, and a slit-Cell,
grain of the salt before it was hall,,
serjeant of the ewer was ready to pre.
sponsOrs the basin to wash ; and the 0h.,,_
as usual, were at hand with the voider of spices.
were the eeretnoniee attending a royal christening in the 16
century.

Itz bath, d

ention i

lent upon the fa

of society, 1:

awn tO

King a

shed with

nd ready to tak

In like "manner the

to the bishops

Ts of the spicery,

, were,

delay

those negoti
In reply t

by Mr..L-ABoucin

with resp

ct to a

hat of t

to the East Inc::
and whether tl:

ce to tk

A ere lo

from IV

GoULEURN it was stated
ition of the government,

s in En.

s on rum, was to

li: on th,

arid, Ireland, anCi

it had not applied

:o Lord IGar

:asf India Company had not refused to
round that Lord Keane had been already

grant one, on the
sufficiently rewarded.
Mr. HOGG said, that the Directors of the F..•st India Com-
pany, in reply to the communication referred to, had stated
to the government their high estimation of the services of
Lord Keane, and their belief flat he was well entitled to a
pension. They thought, however, that as the services of the
noble lord had been already recognised by the Crown, it
would be more honourable to him that the pension should
be given by the British goverment than by the East India
Company .
The orders of the day were then disposed of, and the house

ad j o ur

HOUSE OF LORDS.—TUESDAY.
The Eari of Cardigan was unanimously acquitted on the
indictment for shooting at Harvey Tuckett, Esq. For the
details of the trial we refer to our report.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.—TUESDAY.
The Danish claims, as they are usually termed, were once
more brought under the consideration of the house, by Mr.
CRESSWELL, in the shape of an address to the Crown, for
compensation. A discussion of some length took place, the
following points being those chiefly relied upon by the speak-
ers on either side of the question. By the advocates of the
claimants, who are British merchants, whose ships and pro-
perty on board were seized by the Danes, by way of repr6al
for the injuries inflicted upon them in the attack on Copen-
hagen, it was contended that there had been no regular de.
claration of war by this Government against Denmark--that
the claimants, therefore. had no notice to enable them to es.
cape the destruction of their vessels ; that, in point of fact,
a sum of X 1,200,030, or more, had been derived from the
confiscation of Danish property, which should have been ap
propriated to make up the claimants' losses • "

that a portion

es of book debts

as,there-

it only a