The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-10-25 00:00:00

GENERAL ff_NTELLIGENCE

Ix
THE LATE-SIR °HAULM NAPIER'S
Dovnn:an infant'has been born without legs.
property las been
estimated for stamp duty: at £200,000.
ELOPEMENT.—An elopement took place fromilie, banks
of the Tay on Monday, the 3rd current—a subaltern of a
Highland regiment havingccarried off a young lady of for-
tune from her lather's mansion. He was accompanied by
a clergyman, and it is understood they fled to Edinburgh,
where the knot was tied.---!.Edinburgh Witness.
SHERIDAN .KNOWLHE.—Tiis celebrated dramatist has
lately appeared'hefore the,pdblic in a new light. He has
been lecturing-in Edinburgiven the dogmas and doctrines
of Popery. The Edinburgh Witness of Saturday last
announced that Mr. Knostles would occupy the prllii t of
the Greenside-place Tabernacle on the morrow. The
Witness expresses the convicticn " that many will be Pre-
sent to listen to the pious and eloquent exposition of God's
word by one of,the most interesting men of our age:
THE ROBBESnY AT LORD IDESMAN'S SEAT At rake
Derby quarter sessions, on 'Wednesday, a man, named
Simpson, was sentenced to one month's imprisonmeimprisonmentDerby Gaol, and afterwards to .iix years' penal servitude,
for the extensive platerobberyeommitted at Stoney Mid-
dleton, the seat of Lord Denman. on the 17th of August-
His lordship's butler was, at the same time, sentenced, to
six months' impriscrnment, for sterling two purses and ,a
b the property of the Right. Hon. Elizabeth Hodgson.
PREVENTION BETTER THAICCUIRE.—It appears that
the expense to the country of ptiblic justice last year was
not less than £2,104;196: Of this aim £645,243 was for
courts of justice, £80.1,-542 for police and criminal prosc-
.cction, and £567,411 for •correction. This is what the
'notion gets by neglecting to make efEcient provision for
the religious training -and supervision of the masses,—
partly through a niggardly spirit, and partly in deference
to the hatred which Popish and Protestant schismatics
regard the National Church.—John !Rua.
'l NEW CONVICT LCT.—The new act for granting
tickets of leave to convicts in •this country was carried into
execution for the first time on Friday, the 14th instant.
On that and the following day eight convict,: were liberated
from the Warrior convict-slip, stationed off the Woolwich
and four years of the period prescribed in -their sentence,
dockyard. These convicts have each served between three
and are slow let loose on society -with -the mere under-
standing that they are liable atany time, on roisconducting
themselves, to be sent again toddle Milks for the expiration
of their sentence, without any farther trial.
A Fnumnrrui. CALAMITY ocenrred at Hartlake-bridge,
on the river Medway, near Tunbridge, on Fatiday evening.
A number ,of hop-pickers having finished their day's
work, were being conveyed along the bank in -a waggon,
drawn by three horses. The reason of this was that the
?river, swollen 'by the late rains, had overflowed the banks.
'The horses todk fright at some noise, and 'became un-
manageable. On reaching the bridge, they brought the
waggon into contact with one of the piers, which, being
much dilapidated, 'Woke down. The waggon was thrown
into the stream, which was flowing rapidly, and ali the
persons immersed were carried away and drowned. Only
two bodies, those of women, have been recovered it is
known that 37 more are missing at least.
MONES CLAIMING VoTES.—The revising barrister for
Northumberland, on Monday, decided against the claims
of 17 monks of the order of St. Benedict, who claimed to
vote in respect of a house which they occupied jointly hi
Aldgate, Morpeth. G. A. Lowe, one of the claimants,
stated that he and the other claimants, as monks of the
order of St. Benedict, had taken a vow of poverty, which
had the effect of making all PnoPerty which they held the
property of their order, except
gentleman, when he becomes a monk, frequently reserves,
and is still able to dispose of as he Pleases." The property
ll
e --
in question was not a vce "peculiars," which "a
"peculiars," and at the death of
the claimants would go to the use of the "English mis-
sion." The barrister decided that the monks had only a
life-interest in the property, and, it not being of the annual
value of £l7O, there was no vote attached to its possession.
GOVERNMENT COMMISSIONS.—At the dinner of the
Buckerell Agricultural Association, a few clays since,
the
Right Hon. Sir John Patteson, after alluding to the infir-
mity of deafness, which compelled him to retire from the
Bench, and the regret he felt at leaving a profession in
which he had always taken much pleasure, said, that there
were some things which it was still in his power to do,
and so long as he was able, and could be of any use to the
country, he should be exceedingly glad to render such
services as were in his power. It was for others, however,
to determine how his time should be occupied, for it was
most willingly at the service of those who would command
it. Doubtless the gentlemen present as well as others
had heard of Commissioners being appointed, and pro-
bably it occurred to some that the Commissioners made
good profits out of their occupation. Now he could tell
them that no pay whatever was attached. Lord liar-
rowby and others constituted a commission to Ireland;
they rendered effective service as a duty they owed to the
country, and with the intention of doing the best they
could for the country.

THE Carlisle Patriot states, that the house which was
occupied by Cromwell, in Carlisle, during the time when
his cannon was employed against the Cathedral, is now in
process of demolition, to make way for new shops.
EXPENSE OP JUSTICE.—Last year public justice cost
£2,104,196, of which £645,243 was for courts of justice,
£891,542 for police and criminal prosecutions, and £567,411
for correction.

A GAOLER'S QUALIFICATIONS.—The authorities of the
prison at Bath advertised last week as follows :—" Wanted
a respectable man, to act as turnkey in a county prison.
One who understands music, can play the organ, and sing
bass, would be preferred !"
DIE CZAR'S WEALTII.—It is not the Uralian mines nor
the Custom-houses which bring the most money to the
coffers of the Czar ; it is the public-houses. The Czar is
the monopolist of the manufacture and sale of brandy in
the Russian empire.
A NEW WAR ROCKET.—We understand that an exten-
sive order has been received by the authorities of the
Royal Arsenal for the completion of a large quantity of
war rockets, on an entirely new principle, and which are
expected to supersede those formerly in use. In conse-
quence of this, a number of hands are to be entered in the
course of the next week.—Kentish Mercury.
JUDGES' CLERKS.—lnstead of fees, the judges' clerks
are now paid by salaries. The three associates to the
chief judges have each a £l,OOO a-year ; the three senior
clerks to the associates each £150; the three junior clerks
to the associates each £lOO ; the principal clerks to the
three chief judges each £7OO a-year ; the principal clerks
of the other 12 judges each £6OO ; and the other clerks of
the chief and puisnejudges, 18 in number, £4OO a-year each.
MILK AND FEVER.—It is a singular fact, which should
be extensively known, that seventeen families residing at
Stoke, in each of which some, and in many cases every one
of the members have been attacked with typhus fever
during the past few weeks it has been raging at Stoke,
purchased the milk they made use of from a man who
lived in an unwholesome part of that locality, and who
himself fell a victim to the ravages of the discease.—Devon-
port Independent.
LOLA. MONTEZ was hissed during her first dance at
Sacramento City. She stopped in the middle of the
figure, and returned to her hotel, where she was chart-
varied, appeared on the balcony, bowed, and gave them
a piece of her mind. Next evening she in a manner apo-
logised, and went on with her dancing with great eclat.
She has quarrelled with her new husband, because he was
jealous of a violinist from whom "she had received some
polite attentions." The husband remonstrated, but was
turned out of the house.

GLASS WINDOW FRAMES.—A novel and ingenious
method of adapting glass to architectural purposes has
been devised, by employing it in the construction of
window-frames for shops. The frames are made of hollow
pillars, enclosing fluted glass tubes, strengthened by
polished steel rods. On one side of the main pillar a
groove is cut in which the plate glass is inserted. - The
pillars are hexagonal, but they may be cut or moulded
into any required shape, and if necessary be heightened in
appearance by chromatic decorations. The advantages
claimed for this application are elegance and non-interfer-
ence with the transmission of light.
THE APPLE CROP IN TUE WEST.—A vast increase has
of late years taken place in the quantity of cider made in
the West of England. Particular attention has been paid
to it in Devonshire, and its quality has been much im-
proved. The crop of apples this season has been more than
an average ; in fact, in some parts they have been exceed-
ingly abundant. In the neighbourhood of Exeter, and in
the south of Devon, the trees in many orchards are almost
broken down with them. Cider is expected, therefore, to
be more than usually cheap. A brisk trade has of late
sprung up with the London market, and the apple crop in
•Devonshire is looked upon as one of great importance.
During the last few weeks some cargoes have been im-
ported at Exeter, from France, and have sold at £1 per
hogshead.

BALMORAL.—The Queen's residence at Balmoral, con-
cerning which we are often asked, is making considerable
progress, and promises, without great pretensions, to be a
piece of solid and real construction, The south and east
sides have been roofed in, and will speedily be made fit for
occupation. The building is wholly faced with dressed
granite, the mouldings and ornamental portions being
carved on the spot. A correspondent comments on the
circumstance, that the Highlanders seem to have a con-
tempt for scaffolding, ropes, or windlass. He says that every
block of granite—from two to three feet long—is trans-
ported singly on a Highlander's shoulders, up a narrow
platform of boards and tressels, to the place where it is to
be set, and with considerable celerity : larger blocks are
conveyed by four Highlanders, on a couple of poles. Primi-
tive, certainly. The castle will have two towers when
completed. Modern agrefmens will not be omitted : two
fountains are in course of formation : pipes, to carry the
water sixty feet high, by means of a steam-engine, are
already fixed.—Builder.
GREAT SALE OF ROYAL FARMING STOCK.—On Wed-
nesday the annual selection of live stock, the property of
Prince Albert, was sold by auction, at Norfolk Farm, and
attracted a large attendance. The pigs realized very high
prices, comparatively small hogs making from £5 to £6
each. A young boar, of the Windsor breed, was knocked
down for £4 Bs. One or two breeding sows also fetched
£5 17s. 6d. each. The pigs realized altogether nearly
£2OO. The sheep consisted of 420 fat southdowns, 230
home-bred ewes and lambs, with several rams. The whole
were aposed of at good but not exorbitant prices. The
cattle consisted of a remarkably fine Hereford ox, intended
for the Smithfield show, 81 superior fat oxen and heifers,
10 fine short-horns, fit for stalling, 19 steers and heifers,
8 short-horned heifers and cows, and 2 pure-bred young
bulls. The dairy cows ranged from £l4 16s. to £l6 10s.,
the fat cows and heifers from £l5 to £22105. The Here-
ford ox (fed on cake and meal) was really a splendid
animal, and realized the large sum of £46. The fat short-
horned oxen varied from £lB 10s. to £2B each, the five-
year-old Scots from £l5 to £l7, and the four-year-olds
from £lO to £l2 10s. The fat Devons ranged from £l7
to £24 10s. A two-year-old short-horned bull was knocked
down for £25 ; an Alderney bull of the same age fetched
about half the money. The total proceeds of the sale
were nearly £4,000.
DRAINAGE AND SEWEIZAGE.—The drainage, or the re-
moval of rain or surface water, should be kept distinct
from the sewage. The matter to be got rid of by the
latter should not be increased in volume more than can be
avoided, and should be kept in as narrow a space as pos-
sible. A 3-inch pipe would be quite large enough for the
principal sewage course of an ordinary sized house, into
which smaller sink-pipes might be conveyed. It might
communicate with a 6-inch or 9-inch pipe running through
the street. The street-pipes might all enter a receptacle,
a small air-tight well, at the lowest level of a district.
From the bottom of this receptacle a pipe of earthenware
or iron, Grimy other suitable material, can be conveyed to
a large receptacle placed in some convenient spot out of
London. It might be built of bricks made on the spot.
It would answer best, I think, if in the shape of a tunnel
or double arch, closed at the ends, and it must be air-
tight. A small amount of leakage would not be important,
as the arrangement would cause the leakage to be in-
wards. The sewage-pipes of several districts, or of a
whole town, might be made to communicate with each
other and with the same large receptacle. From the
upper part of it I would continually draw out air ; and
the result weuld be, that, besides the refuse matter, a
current of air would 'be constantly passing down the
sewage-pipes to the large receptacle, which would prevent
any dangerous or offensive effluvia escaping amongst the
inhabitants, who would always be on the safe side—that
is, to windward of the contents of the sewers.— Corres-
pondent of The Builder.
PREVENTION OF RAILWAY ACCIDENTS.—A corres-
pondent of the Times says :—"Now, Sir, my simple sug-
gestion—which, if carried into effect, I, think would go far
towards the prevention of railway accidents, is, that a man
be placed on the tender, along with the engine-driver and
stoker, whose sole and undivided ditty should be to keep a
sharp look-out ahead, as sailors on watch do aboard ship.
This is a duty that the stoker and engine-driver cannot
pay much attention to, their time being fully occupied
with the management of the engine, supplying of fuel, &c.
Whichever of the three, by his timely foresight, averts a
oollision or other accident, let him be proportionately re-
Avarded by the company. This man, who, for characteristic
'distinction's sake, I weuld call the " pilot," should, in case
of sudden illness or accident happening to the stoker or
•engineman, be fully capable of supplying his place pro
tens. I would further suggest, Sir, that engine-drivers
ahorld never be compelled to run an unreasonable length
of distance, as at present, without being relieved from
:their duties by a successor. I have myself heard from
-very 'many of them that in inclement weather, with hail
anti snow beating full in their faces, and going at the rate
of 40 or 50 miles per hour, and at the same time sparks of
fire flying into their eyes, and a dense smoke, and an al-
mostinsapportable stifling heat encompassing them, they
really did not know where trey were, and trusted almost
entirelrto chance for the direction in which theywere going,
the combined influence of fire, water, earth, and air, reduc-
ing them 'nearly to a state of stupefaction. The " pilot "
being placed in close juxtaposition with the engine-driver,
can instantaneously, by word of mouth, communicate to
him any apprehension he may entertain of approaching
danger, and thus, by timely warning, give that functionary
an opportunity of reversing the engine, putting on the
breaks, and taking every measure int& power towards the
prevention of collision, or other accident."
PALPITATION OF THE HEART CURED BY SODA
WATER.—A lady, about 40 years of age, had suffered for
twelve years from periodical attacks of palpitation of the
heart. The attacks recurred monthly' and were so vio-
lent as to shake the bed on which the patient lay. Great
variety of expedients were tried under the advice of dif-
ferent medical men, but none afforded the slightest relief.
At length, during one attack, feeling thirsty, she ex-
pressed a desire for some soda-water, which her mother
prepared and handed to her. No sooner had she swal-
lowed the first draught, than her palpitation left her, and
recurred no more until the period arrived for the next
attack. As soon as it commenced, she sent for her medi-
cal attendant, and told him what had occurred a month
previously, and requested to be allowed to try the same
remedy a second time. He consented, but wishing to
ascertain which of the ingredients of the soda-water had
relieved the complaint, gave her first a dose of citric acid
by itself. This had no effect. He then gave her a dose
of carbonate of soda which also failed. He then mixed
the powders and gave her some ordinary soda-water,
placing his hand at the same time on her heart. The
moment she swallowed the first mouthful, the palpitation
ceased, and recurred no more for that tim e ! From that
period, whenever the palpitation came on, she could
always stop it by this simple remedy. It appears, from
the experience made by the medical man, that the car-
bonic acid was the active element in relieving the com-
plaint, because, until the gas was liberated by the mix-
ture of the citric acid and the carbonate of soda, no benefit
accrued. Again, this case proves the efficacy equally of
simple remedies, and of small doses of such remedies.
Here was a violent affection, which had for twelve years
defied the skill of art, and remained uncontrollable by the
most potent drugs, and yet cured, as though by magic, by
a mouthful of common air ; for it is well known that car-
bonic acid exists in the atmosphere in the proportion of
two per thousand.—Journal of Health.
HOLLOWAY'S PILLS, A CERTAIN CURE FOR STOMACH
COMPLAINTS, INDIGESTION, AND BILE.—JOIIII Knight,
Esq., of Van Diemen's Land, informs Professor Holloway,
by letter, dated March 17, 1851.—That Mrs. Toleman, of
Hobart Town, declared to him that Holloway's Pills have
been the means of saving her life. She had been for a long
time afflicted with an inward disease, which defied the skill
of the doctor in Hobart Town, and for two years she gradually
got worse and worse. Accidentally meeting with a Treatise
on the Hollowayian System of Medicine,' she commenced
taking Holloway's Pills, and found immediate relief, and by
persevering in their use, was permanently cured."

MR. RAINBRIGGE'S LECTURES ON
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE MIND.

Ox Friday evening, W. H. Bainbrigge, Esq., F.R.C.S.,
delivered the third lecture of his series on the physiology
of the mind, at the Collegiate Institution. As on the pre-
vious occasion, and notwithstanding the inclemency of the
night, the audience was numerous and highly respectable.
The first subject brought under review was that of dress,
and Mr. Bainbrigge commenced by saying, no one must
imagine that, in approaching this subject, he was leading
them to a consideration of anything trifling or unimport-
ant.
He meant not to declaim against its vanities ; but, '
apart from the consideration of either taste or morality, he
intended to show that dress exercises a large influence on
the condition of the child. Few outward signs afford
clearer proof of the advance of a nation in the march of
civilization than dress. True taste, which is the dictate
of good sense, is never:displayed in the formation of dress
until a nation has attained to a sobriety of conception, and
has learned to distinguish between the splendour of super- i
fluities and the simplicity of convenience. As civilization
advances, the mind emerges from the thraldom of custom,
asserts its own dignity, and learns to obey the suggestions
of the understanding. The useful is adopted, the super-
fluous rejected. The forms of costume which have pre-
vailed in England in different ages have been various, as
false taste and vicious fashions have from time to time
dictated ; but an examination of the subject will show
that, during the present century, most of the relics of
barbarous customs in dress have been discarded. When
the mind is soberly cultivated, and imbued with principles
resulting from true knowledge, dress will ever be con-
sidered as of no moment in adding to the dignity of the
wearer. Utility is paramount, simplicity the test of ele- I
gance. The article of shoes is a matter of great moment.
Can we hold the Chinese up to ridicule ? Have we not
exposed ourselves to the shafts of the satirist ? All the
members of the body possess symmetrical proportion ; the
toes, unfortunate in their fate, were, till recently, com-
pressed and tortured in a prison-house. It has been said
that undue pressure of the foot sometimes leads to
apoplexy. But, speaking of the young alone, it is of the
last importance that the limbs of a child should have per-
fect freedom of development, perfect freedom of action. To
cramp the motions of a child is not only to inflict cor-
poreal pain, but to deprive it of that elasticity of spirit
which impels the bounding step, and brings the muscles
into play, by means of that free exercise so conducive to
their full development.
There is another article of dress coming within the pale
of our observations on physiological education. Stays,
that precursor of evil in female attire. Upon rational
grounds, no reasons can be assigned for the tenacity with
which the ladies of the nineteenth century cling to this
baneful custom. No human ingenuity ever surpassed
that of the Grecian artists in the skill to chisel and fashion
the marble into the perfect ideals of female beauty. In
those times, the female form was allowed to develope itself
into that perfection of symmetry with which nature
intended to adorn this nobler half of our species. The
external lines of the body swell and converge when nature
is left to her own operations, with a soft gradation, which
produces the harmonious symmetry of beauty. View a
modern female who has been subjected to the discipline of
stays,—it might almost be termed the unholy warfare
against nature,—and, alas ! the philanthropic mind might
weep to see the contrast between that deformity produced
by the tyranny of a pernicious fashion, and the graceful
outlines of unconstrained nature. At that very period of
life, when all the energies of the system are required to be
in the highest activity for the due development of the
bodily structure, the function of respiration, upon which
more, perhaps, than all the others this process depends, is
obstructed, and almost paralyzed by mechanical means.
The delicate cellular texture of which the lungs are com-
posed, as well as the flexible nature of the structure which
encloses them, renders the chest so compressible, that it is
easily prevented from assuming those dimensions which
are natural and essential to the due performance of respi-
ration. What are the consequences of this injurious and
unnatural compression ? The lower portions of the lungs
are rendered almost wholly inactive. They do not expand
for the admission of air; and to compensate for this dimi-
nution of the volume of air inspired, the upper portions of
the lungs are forced to an unnatural and dangerous
activity,—so much so, that respiration in those parts be-
comes enfeebled, and cannot possibly communicate that
quantity of oxygen which is requisite for the healthy con-
dition of the blood, and upon which the due performance
of all the vital functions depends. The injurious effects of
this compression are, however, not confined to the
lungs only, but extend to the digestive organs, and
hence ensues a lamentable train of diseases by which
health and energy, and even life itself, are too often
sacrificed. If our feelings revolt at the injury inflicted
by the iron shoe of the Chinese, how much more
should we shudder when we contemplate the evils which
must inevitably ensue from the use of stays : the one dis-
torts a limb only, while the other perils even life itself.
It is only necessary to add that health is promoted when
the body is unconstrained, and that in its degree, a com-
pressing, unyielding dress partakes of the injurious ten-
dency of
stays and tight shoes.—British children should
not be allowed to run about in a state of semi-nudity, like
the children of warmer climates. The absence of neces-
sary and suitable clothing is not only a cause of actual
suffering to the child, but by destroying the balance of
the circulation, and repelling the blood from the surface
to the interior organs, not only produces various tempo-
rary illnesses, but lays the foundation of serious diseases
in after life. Much, however, of the nature of the clothing
adopted, must have relation to the season of the year,
and even the period of the day, as well as the natural
strength or delicacy of the constitution of the child. In
this climate flannel ought to be worn next the skin.
This material, being so slow a conductor of heat, pre-
serves the natural temperature of the body from the in-
fluence of extreme cold in winter, while it defends it from
the effects of the extreme heat of summer. It is of great
importance that this inner covering should be kept in
close approximation to the skin, during all the various
movements of the child, so as to prevent the different
parts of the body from being suddenly chilled by exposure
to the air, when in a heated or perspiring state. With
reference to the clothing of children, the necessity cannot
be too often enforced of avoiding all restraint and com-
pression' so that the various muscles may fully and freely
act, and the blood flow on unimpeded in its course.
The subject of diet next engaged attention, on which
the lecturer dwelt at some length. In reference to it, he
remarked that much must necessarily be left to the dis-
cretion of the parent, although he was a strong advocate
for a liberal diet. The body, passing through progressive
stages, requires a sustenance that can best minister to its
growth, nurture its strength, and meet all the demands of
its necessary exertions. This food should be scrupulously
simple. When it is so, the appetite may generally be
safely trusted as to quantity. The danger of excess lies
in the temptation of unwholesome delicacies occasionally
introduced. Were an argument needed to support the
necessity of wholesome diet, it could only be requisite to
point to the effects of poverty on the young. It is deplo-
rable to see God's noblest work dwindling into feebleness
for want of a handful of that abundance with which He
has crowned the earth. Poverty has a fearful influence
upon the mind. as well as upon the body. Its characters
are neither doubtful nor enigmatical; they are prophetic
of the haggard brow, of the wild and wandering eye,—and
alas ! for humanity, of the restless glances of insanity.
Daily are the instances which come before the medical
profession of misery which shuns the light—of beings who
would rather die, than obtrude their sufferings on the
world. Can we wonder at the crimes of poverty ? Virtue
falls a prey to its depressing influence. Envy of the pos-
sessions of wealth, discontent the result of their own un-
easiness, repining:at the dispensations of Providence, the
wrecklessness of despair, and the indolence of hopeless-
ness; these are the concomitants of indigence.
Ventilation is another point deserving of especial atten-
tion, as health and physical development are greatly af-
fected by it. We know that the blood passing through
the lungs is mainly dependant for its arterialisation on the
due supply of oxygen which it receives in every breath
we draw, and that the requisite proportion rests on its
close approximation to that which . we derive from the
pure air of the open fields and uncontaminated scenes of
nature. That has been regulated for us, and in the de-
' gree that we depart from this primeval law, we do it to our
own injury.
Exercise is another of those means through which the
human frame derives its vigour and development. This
is one of nature's impulses, in her own course of education.
The young are full of a buoyancy which keeps every limb
and muscle in constant play. The baby in its nurse's
arms chuckles with delight at being tossed into the air,
so manifesting that first desire for exercise which can
alone train up the corporeal formation into its due perfec-
tion. The active principle which so powerfully impels the
perpetual motions of the child has been implanted for the
most beneficial ends. Its effect is joyousness to our child-
hood ; it forms the happiness of our still more useful years ;
it imparts an elastic buoyancy to the step, and a cheerful-
ness to the voice. The playground is gladdened with gam-
bols andmerry music ; yet, as life advances, its joy diminishes ,
just in proportion as it abates in usefulness. The means
cease to operate when the end is attained. The restraints
imposed on children, then, should only be such as to teach
them the importance of self-command, so that they may
retain the power of personal control on all proper occa-
sions. A proper deportment at table ought, of course, to
be exacted, and cheerfulness of mind, which is exercise of
another kind, should be promoted. But the amount of
bodily exercise ought always to be carefully proportioned
to the constitution of a child. The expansion of the chest,
in out-door play, affecting respiration, circulation, and
digestion, and carefully unimpeded by dress, is of the
utmost utility. Those exercises which interest the mind,
while they call into agreeable play tbe functions of the
body, should always be preferred. The proportion of exer-
cise is, again, another question, which can only be regu-
lated by careful observation of the constitution of the child.
In our care to avoid a too robustious course of training,
the healthy energy of the child may be impaired : too
severe a process may overtax the existing condition
of the system. Here it is only fair to say a few
words respecting gymnastic exercises. Fashion has in-
corporated these into every existing system of education,
but fashion proverbially leads us into extremes, and ex-
tremes are dangerous in the treatment of children. Gym-
nastics, like all other exercises, are good, when they are
duly regulated, but they are often injurious when over-
practised. Severe muscular exertion is hurtful during
rapid growth, although properly proportioned exercise is
absolutely needful. It will be recollected that the bones
have not yet attained that firmness which belongs to ma-
turity ; that it is possible to warp them by undue strain
and tension; that the limbs are brought into uses never
designed for them by nature ; that while they are equal to
all the requirements for which they were intended, they
are unsuited and inapplicable for others ; and, knowing
this, let us beware that we do not mistake our way on this
really important subject. There is a spirit of emulation
on the playground leading to daring feats which we are all
too apt to admire. Some leader, possessing more
muscular power than the rest, incites the child of
a more delicate constitution by his example. What fol-
lows ? The weak body suffers from the too ardent spirit.
Every limb should be duly exercised, but it should be
exercised only according to the intention for which it was
designed ; feet as feet, and arms as arms. Nature did
not make the body to hang suspended in the air from the
toes, or even from one hand. For the human frame to I
be perfectly developed, we must exercise each function for I
its own purposes, and keep a careful watch over those ex- i
citing sports which by their excess might lead to injury.
The readiness with which the youthful mind receives
impressions, and the easy adaptiveness of all the bodily

sfinteheanale
adfooi
hood
ir'
Bich rae
parlilsc.homuetn
teshilud.
lacieltsulia4ftnegr
tflanioscetioancO functions,
life. These graceful attainments should always follow
graver studies, and be considered as indulgences to reward
merit. This impression, which surely deserves to be
adopted as the true one, removes at once every idea of
labour. Withholding from a child for any given time
either the pencil or *he piano, should be punishment
enough for any indolence in more fatiguing
occupation.
Nothing but indulgences and pleasure should be asso-
ciated with the idea of accomplishments. We ob them
r
of their charms if we make them matter of
compul.
All cannot attain a high degree of excellence in thes aion
rts,
but even a modest mediocrity refines the mind. It is a
common objection that music is valueless unless practised
with the skill of a professor. That objection is unfounded.
A younc, girl ought to play to promote the cheerfulness
of the family circle, and there she would have an approv-
ing audience. If it were possible, it would be desirable to
banish the thirst of admiration from the mind, as any
stimulant for the acquisition of accomplishments. The
mind should have a higher scope, and a purer purpose to
fulfil. Accomplishments, while they give a charm to
home, refine the minds of their possessors,—invest them
with an estimation in society,—elevate the thoughts into
: aims and purposes,—and purify the imagination. Lore
of the arts can scarcely be associated with anything coarse
or corrupting. The song of the birds, the murmur of the
ocean, all the sweet sounds of Nature,.are doubly harmo-
nious in the ear attuned to music; while the eye of the
painter finds grace in every line that Nature presents
in her creations, and in all the -exquisite hues of
colouring with which she decks both land and sky.
Accomplishments, however, should be considered in the
light of recreations ; and we all acknowledge that recrea-
tions should be kept within proper limits. They may be
pursued to such a degree as to be seriously injurious to
the child.

In the training of children due exercise of the lungs
ought never to be overlooked. Nature has made a wise
provision for this end, through all the stages of develop-
memntaolt
a the
ayonotf suffering,frame.hfi as
aTah
effort
e cry
effortfoofr thethe babegood is not
allnot
so
those vital functions which belong to the lungs, and so we
may trace the same beneficial impulses in the noise of the
strength-
ening sneurrysetry an
am,
altd
is,the s playground.inliitrsilldnel;neeio,uhreceffestaaheryforthe
and nurturing of the corporeal functions. Taking
our lessons from this fact, let us, in the early stages of life,
give the lungs, as well as other portions of the body, their
due proportion of exercise. Recitation, singing, and read-
ingmig
hatl ooufctle arehe bs nr
saved
dfi efiraoli.h
pulmonary Young m e
sdeeass.
estedwothuldstlithaeyy,
like Demosthenes, (walking on the sea shore,) read aloud.
But, independently of giving the lungs free play, the mil-
' tivation of the voice has a value far too much -forgotten.
We strive to correct grammatical errors, but rude articu-
lations of speech, and inharmonious me '-itions, pass dis-
regarded. Attention to this is particul important, be-
cause the tones of this organ, when jud. iusly cultivated,
possess a charm and an extraordinary influence over all
the affairs of life. Mr. Bainbrigge next proceeded :—As
I have necessarily mentioned reading, in connexion with
the exercise of the lungs, I will, for a few moments, advert
to Scripture reading, not as affecting oral sound, but as it
influences the mind. I think that writers for the young
are making great mistakes as respects Scripture literature.
I allude to those abstracts which are ingeniously wrought
into stories, intended to engage the fancy of the young—
with more propriety they may he termed perverted ver-
sions of Holy Writ. lam glad to find that I am not
alone in this opinion ; but even if I were, I must still
maintain it : much evil is done with the purest motives.
The holy pages of revelation are searched from end
to
I eeresti nd, to furnish interesting stories for the nursery,
ntng s ! The deep pathos of the history
of Joseph, and that of the young Samuel hearing
the Divine voice calling to him from heaven, these
have strange charms in kindling the fancy of the
child. A few years later, and we find elegant little
volumes, put into the hands of girls especially,—cornpiLs-
tions—some prose, some poetry, only recommended by an
ambitious and meretricious style of composition. In
these, the simple facts recorded in the Bible are only
succinctly adverted to, while all that can be cul-
led from modern travellers, in the way of scenic descrip-
tion, and such allurements as are calculated to engage the
attention by pleasing the fancy—the great art of the
novellist—are the main recommendations. The motives
which prompt the compilers of such books may possibly be commended, though the prudence and judgment
may be questioned. The youthful imagination is
ever in quest of pleasure and amusement, and
knowing this, these authors dress truth in the or-
naments of fiction. The mind thus accustomed to
view things through a false medium, becomes vitiated
with a false taste, and disqualified, probably, for ever for
receiving pleasure from the sober truth, however impor-
tant and momentous. The sacred volume appeals to the
understanding, and, by assailing the corruptions of the,
heart, aims at reformation. Religion is enforced by co-
gency of argument, and the dealings of God with- man
illustrated by the most sublime, yet simple narrative.
These religious novels, whilst they please, stamp no last-
ing impression ; and the Word of God, which, if rightly
applied, shall possess a never-dying vitality, influencing
the conduct and regulating the heart, becomes ineffica-
cious, and, like the tints of the passing cloud, pleases,
but, alas ! soon fades from the memory.
After dwelling at considerable length on the influences
of habit, and the means of modifying it—on the regulation
and proper guidance of the principle of selfishness—the
all-important value of truth in thought, in word, and in
action—the advantages which may be derived from pro-
perly directed curiosity, and exposing the evils, social as
well as moral, which result from a neglect of proper
mental training in respect to those elementary principles
which enable ns to turn their application to advantage,
physically and morally,—the learned gentleman proceeded
to consider the immense amount of intellect which is
wasted, entirely through want of proper training and
rightly-directed mental industry. The stalwart frame of
the man of these British Isles has enabled him to till the
ground, and his undaunted courage has made him oppose
danger in every shape ; but his nobler part, the mind, has
never attained its full development. Yet industry, mental
industry, supplies us with the only means of rende • g
talent useful. Genius is the gift of heaven, and heaven
never bestows a gift without the purp:asendoesf bilnessuinndigge. But,Bted
alas ! what are the aspirations even of superhuman intel-
lect when allowed to dream away its
musings. Industry alone can give them birth—endow
them with a tangible form, and render them serviceable •
to our species. Many a man of noble intellect has passed
through life unimproved and nnimproving. His fellow-
men have derived no advantage from his superior powers.
Industry, the only solid foundation of a superstructure of
knowledge, was wanting. He has sunk into the grave
unknown and unlamented. Indolence has spread her
lethargic opiate, and he has died without fulfilling the
ends of being.
After powerfully illustrating the value of time, and im-
pressing on the audience the utter impossibility of ever, by
after efforts, making up for time lost in the earl stages of
mental culture, both of which positions he en:orced by
happily adduced examples and cogent arguments, Mr.
Bainbrigge depicted, in forcible terms, the mental and
bodily miseries encountered through life by a sensitive
child, whose culture in childhood and youth has been
warped by a vitiated or injudicious course of training ; he
then concluded by presenting a glowing picture of the
happy results arising from a combined system of judicious
teaching and parental care. Look at the child blessed
with a parent's judicious care, ever since it was lulled into
slumbers by the rocking cradle. See how self-denial, that
first lesson, soon brings enjoyment. See how ready sub-
mission leaves the temper unruffled. See how the exercise
of the faculties brings ease to the performance of every
task. Labour ceases to be such when submission is the
result of duty: See how health-giving recreation becomes
a fountain of gladness. See the dexterous finger, the supple
limb, and the mind quick of comprehension. See the eye
beaming with intelligence, the glowing check, and hear
the merry, merry laugh—sweetest sound in the creation.
The lecture, which was somewhat longer than either of
the preceding ones, was listened to throughout with the
most
the marked
attention
deli. The fourth and. concluding one
of series will be v
evening. in the same place on Friday

• AUSTRALIAN MAILs.---A contract had been entered
into by the Postoffice authorities for the conveyance of the
mails from Sydney. to England (Liverpool) by the steam-
ship Cleopatra, 'ma' Melbourne, Adelaide, and Cape of
Good Hope. The Cleopatra, under this
would leave Adelaide about the 10th August, ganeindet'
therefore, now nearly due. The Argo, via Cape Cape Horn
may also be lookj for shortly, and the next Overlanj
Mail, which may possibly anticipate both, is expected to
bring late dates from Australia.
Tus WILBRATIAMS.-I'he Queen, taking into her royal
consideration that upon the decease of -Edward Baron
Skelmersdale, in the month of April last, the title and
dignity of Baron Skelmersdale devolved upon Edward,
now Baron Skelmersdale, a minor, as only son and heir of
Richard Bootle Wilbraham, Esq., who died in the year
1844, and who was, whilst living, the eldest son and heir
apparent of the said Edward Baron Skeinaersdale, and
that, according to the ordinary rules of honour, the sisters
of the said Edward Baron Skelmersdale cannot enjoy that
which would have been due to them
place and precedence
in case their late father, the said 6,,,,,,-1-- -a Bootle
wilbra.
ham, had survived his said father Edward Baron Skel-
mersdale and had thereby succeeded to the title and dig-
nity of 'Baron Skelmersdale, Her Majesty has been
graciously pleased to ordain and declare that Adele Mary
Jessy Caroline Bootle Wilbraham,
Bootle Wilbraham,
Edith Bootle Wilbraham, and Rose Bootle Wilbraham!,
sisters of the said Edward, now Baron Skelmersdale
shall
henceforth have, hold, and enjoy the same title, place, pre-
eminence, and precedence as if their late father, the said
Richard Bootle Wilbraham, had survived his said father,
Edward Baron Skelmersdale, and had thereby succeeded to
the title and dignity of Baron Skelmersdale. And Her
Majesty has been further pleased to command that the
said Royal order and declaration be registered in her-
College of Arms.
MYSTERIOUS SUICIDE AT WEST DERBY.—On Satur-
day an inquest was held before C. E. Driffield, Esq., at
the Farmer's Arms, Club-moor, on the body of a young
woman, named Hannah Clarkson, who had been dis-
covered drowned in a pond on Thursday evening. John
Heaton, a cowman in the employ of Mr. B. 11. Jones, of
Larkhill, stated that for several days past he had observed
something floating in a pond near his master's house, but,
supposing that it was only a dead dog, he took no further
notice of it till Thursday afternoon, when, thinking that it
might be the body of a human being, he dragged it out.
On being brought to land the body was discovered to be
that of a young woman in an advanced state of decompo_
sition. The last time the deceased was seen alive was
about a fortnight ago, when she was noticed walking near
Club-moor, by a woman named Anne Rushton, who is in
the employ of Mr. Jones. A letter was foundinpleheetr..•
pocket, dated the 6th October, and written
,from
wood, from which, and other slight circumstances, it is
supposed that she is the daughter of a person named
Clarkson, who keeps, or once did keep, 4.
eillperanoe
t
coffee-house, at Fleetwood. Latterly,
art
a ...,er prey.= k
leading a comparatively easy life, she had been
wfobreled-stow
enter into the service of a family at Everton, s e
had not been very well treated, for the writer of
t the letter
found on her, exhorts her to keep up her 8 • •
to mind the hardships she complains of, as Ririe rsi'l lai short
ly not
come for her. From the general tenor of his letter thee
is reason to suppose that the of
attached to the
writer of it, and that disappoin ection and unwonted
annoyances induced her to commit
turned a verdict of " Found drowned..aucide. The jury re-

I.iN 'Pc'
Jr,Z7 ' ,
/ \,
, 8

Loading in Prince's Dock,

For NEW YORK,

The regular New York Packet-ship

WEST POINT,

Captain W. R. MULLINER.
Being "t of her turn in the line, will not be detained, but
sail as a transit ship (in this instance) on the sth November.
Goods received, if there be room, to Six o'clock on FRI DAY,
tbe 4th, bot not later.—For Freight or Cabin Passage, having
very superior accommodation, apply to
yr.

A. TAYLOR and CO.
Freight will be collected in New York at 44 80c. to the
sound sterling.

STEAM BETWEEN LIVERPOOL AND GLASGOW.
The Glasgow and Liverpool Royal Steam-
packet Company's Steam-ship
• AdVklata PRINCESS ROYAL,
Captain CUMMING.
Is intended to sail as under, from CLARENCE DOCK,

.... _
LIVERPOOL:—
PRINCESS.. THIS DAY, Oct. 25.. at 3 o'clock, Afternoon.
PRINCESS.. SATURDAY, Oct. 29.. at 7 o'clock, Evening.
Fares :—Cabin, 10s., Steward's Fee, 2s. ; Steerage, ss.
Servants in Cabin, Full Fare. _ . .

ROBERT LAXONT, 31; Water-utreet, Ltyerpoolf

TAPSCOTT'S AMERICAN PACKET OFFICES,

GENERAL OFFICE.. OLD HALL, OLDHALL-STREET.
PASSENGER OFFICE.. ST. GEORGE'S-BUILDINGS,
REGENT-ROAD.
The following
FIRST-CLASS PACKETS
' `will be despatched on their appointed days, as
1/I
under:—
. For NEW YORK.

To sail.
UNDERWRITER, SHIPLEY 2500 tons.. To morrow
CANIBRIA, PERRY 2500 tons.. sot Oct.
ANDREW FOSTER, HOLBERTON 2OOO tons.. Brd Nov.
A. Z., CHANDLER 1800 tons.. 4th Nov.
WEST POINT. MULLINER 2000 tons.. 6th Nov.
NEW HAMPSHIRE,CHASE 1800 tons..
MONGOLIA. SPRAGUE lBOO tons..
RICHARD MORSE, DINSMORE 2OOO tons..
SIDDONS, BRIGGS lBOO tons..
CONTINENT. E. B. Daummoxn 2000 tons..
EMERALD ISLE (new), CORNISH 3OOO tons..
ROBENA, BARTLETT lBOO tons..
HOUGHTON, DOANE... 2000 tons..
KENNEBEC, SMITH lBOO tons..
JOHN HANCOCK. GILCHRIST lBOO tons..
ROSCIUS, R. %V. FOSTER 2200 tons..
BENJ. ADAMS, J. DRUMMOND 2500 tons..
COMMERCE, Lowitu, 2500 tons..
ARCTIC. J. ZEREGA 2000 tons..
WM. TAPSCOTT (new), 131 ml, 3006 tons..
CENTURION, Coostns 2OOO tons..
EMMA FIELDS, CROWELL 2OOO tons..
ANTARCTIC, A. H. ZEREGA 2250 tons..
CONS FELLATION, ALLEN 2500 tons..
KOSSUTH, BELL 2250 tons..
And succeeding Packets every Five Days.
For NEW ORLEANS-
NORTHAMPTON, REED
2500 tons..
GRANADA, BACHELOR 2OOO tons..
For PHILADELPHIA.
TONAWANDA, Jumus 1300 tons.. 12th Nov.
SARANAK, DECAN 1000 tons.. 12th Dec.
1100 tons.. 12th Jan.
AR RA TURL Y 1232 tons.. 12th Feb.
TWuYsOcMINOG,
, UNLEV D
EY

For BALTIMORE.
SCOTIA, MTLEAN l6OO tone.
FLORA MACDONALD, MERRILL 1800 tons..

The above Ships are of the largest class, and commanded
by men of experience, who will take every precaution to pro-
mote the health and comfort of the passengers during the
voyage.
Private rooms for families, or persons who wish to be more
select, can at all times be had, and deposits of .e 1 each, to
secure berths, should be remitted, which shall have due
attention. __ . . .. . __ .

Surgeons can have free Cabin Passages by the above Ships.
Persons proceeding to the interior of the United States can
know the actual outlay, and make the necessary arrangements
here, to be forwarded, on arrival at New York, without one
day's delay, and thereby avoid the many annoyances Emi-
grants are subject to on landing at New York.
Drafts and Exchange for any amount, at sight on New
York, payable in any part of the United States, can at all
times be furnished to those who prefer this safer mode of
taking care of their funds.—For further particulars apply,
post-paid, to_

W. TAPSCOTT and CO., Liverpool,
W. TAPSCOIT and CO., 7, Eden-quay, Dublin,
Agesta for W. and J. T. TAPSCOTT, New York.
TAPSCOTT'S EMIGRANTS' GUIDE, sth Edition, can be
bad by rersitiag Siz Footage iiitalope.

TO DUBLIN, BELFAST,
BANGOR, BEAUMARIS, AND CARNARVON

TUB CITY OF DUBLIN STEAM-PACKET
oef«, U\ The Vessels ofCOMPANY the Company convey Her
• ,41174 WI, Majesty's MAILS between HOLYHEAD and
vk..w. KINGSTOWN Twice every Day. Hours of
Sailing :—From Holyhead, 1 0, A.M. and 6 0 A.M., London
time; from Kingstown, I P.M. and 7 30 P.M., Dublin time, or
as soon after as the Mails are on board.

For DUBLIN.
The Company will sail the IRON DUKE, TRAFALGAR,
or WINDSOR, of from 600 to 800 tons burthen and 320 to
380 horse power, or other of their first-class Steamers,
every
EvENlxo,(Sundays excepted,) at Seven o'clock, from
HARBOUR.They also sail their Cargo Vessels (as below) from the:
the Prince's Pierhead, LIVERPOOL,
Clarence Dock to DUBLIN QUAY
THrs DAY for KINGSTOWN
Oct. 25.. at 3 o'clock, P.M.
WEDNESDAY... • Oct. 26.. at 4 o'clock, P.M.
TH URSDAY Oct. 27.. at 6 o'clock. P.M.
FRIDAY Oct. 28.. at 7 o'clock, p.m.
SATURDAY Oct. 29.. at 8 o'clock, P.M.
MONDAY Oct. 31.. at 9 o'clock, P.M.
From DUBLIN' to BELFAST.
Every TUESDAY, returning every THURSDAY.

For BANGOR, BEAUMARIS and CARNARVON.
The PRINCE OF 'WALES
Or other Vessel.
Is intended to sail from the PRINCE'S FIRM-MAD every
WEDNESDAY and SATURDAY, at Ten o'clock in the Morning;
and MENAI BRIDGE every MONDAY and FRIDAY, at the
same hour.
All Goods for the PRINCE OF WALES must be sent to the
Clarence Dock.
Belfast; CITY DP DUBLIN COMPANY'S OFFICE, 15 and 16,
apply tAoi
AlLf re.o
LTlft iv.torTottnveg,
alll.lcieunaayi:
For further particulars
buenridg.eci;uabyl,espsrusb.iiCnit;AottrLtitov and
JOHN K. ROUNTHWAITE, Agent,
24, Water-street, Liverpool.

PARKER'S PATENT FOR BANDING
PULLEYS.—The Proprietors of Foundries, Cotton
Factories, Saw Mills, Corn and Rice Mills, Building and
Joiners' Establishments, and all others requiring rotary
motion, are respectfully invited to examine PARKER'S
PRINCIPLE of BANDING PULLEYS, which combines a
large saving of motive power, with an increased velocity of
motion never before obtained in limited compass, and may
be applied as well to the first motion from the engine as to
the collateral demands upon the power, which is largely
saved by avoiding the Complicated Bands, Pulleys, and Cog
Wheels. _ _

The principle is applied with matchless success to Fans,
Blowers, Lathes, Winnowing and Thrashing Corn, Chopping
Hay, Grinding Malt, Circular Saws, of any required dimen-
sions • but the most remarkable application of this invention
is to dimen-
sions;
Portable Circular Saw, which is made to perform a
variety of duties that render it the most desirable tool, and
which no mechanic will be able to dispense with.
For the right to use this patented invention, and for the
purchase of the royalties of any Town, County, District, or
for any individual establishment, and for directions in its
application,
Apply to WILLIAM ROWBTT, Commercial-buildings,
Water-street, who is the sole Agent for Liverpool.
N.B.—lt has been ascertained that one man working the
Portable Saw can do the work of a steam-engine of one-
horse power for a limited period.

THIS DAY.
Excellent HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE, winged Wardrobe,
superb mahogany hal f-testrr Bedsteads, massive mahogany
four-post ditto, pair of Washstands and Tables, marble
tray tops, two massive mahogany Sofas, a pedestal Side-
board, and a Bookcase, Telescope Dining, Table, on
massive carved legs, handsome Chimney 'Glasses,—St.
Anne-street. a few doors from Islington.
_ _

-
GRICE respectfully announces that he
has received instructions to SELL by AUCTION,
THIS DAY (Tuesday), the 25th instant, at Eleven o'clock
prompt, on the above Premises, the whole of the excellent
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE and EFFECTS, comprising, in
sitting and dining-rooms, sets of Mahogany Chairs, Sofas
and Couch of Rich Wood, Sideboard, Bookcase, Chimney
Glasses, in Gilt Frames, Breakfast Services, China, Glass,
Oil Paintings, handsome Brussels and Kidderminster Carpets,
Tea Tray, Easy, Reclining, and Rocking Chairs, pair Card
Tables, Druggets, Oblong, Loo, and Centre Tables, of rich
mahogany, Bronzed Fenders and Fire Irons. The bedrooms
are furnished with Half-tester, Four-post and French Bed-
steads, prime Goose Feather Beds. Mahogany and Painted
Chests of Drawers, Commodes and Bedsteps, Toilet Tables,
Dressing Glasses, Druggets*, Toilet Services, Towel _Rails,
Painted Washstand and Dressing Tables, Stair Carpets, Stair
Rods, Oil Cloth, Barometer, Hat and Umbrella Stand, Eight-
day Spring Dial, Hall Chairs, Kitchen Dresser, Dish Covers,
and other Culinary Utensils.
May be viewed on the Morning of Sale, and descriptive
Catalogues had on the Premises, or of Mr. GRICE, at his
Rooms, 40, Whitechapel.