The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1836-02-12 00:00:00

"Hudson-park, Jan. 15, 18.36.
" Sta—l took the liberty of writing to you some time ago,
and then stated that you might rely upon, the receipt of £5OO,
a contribution joyfully remitted, though but moderate in
amount. .1 am now happy,to inform you that by continued ex-
ertion, and by a pyolonged time forcollection, I shall be enabled
to send you ,£SUOI. Ir the whole should not.be come to hand,
would you prefer my dispatching immediately £5OO, or waiting
a short time, till the sum total is combined ? I shall be rejoiced
to hear that the fund subscribed is such as to allow of your
commencing the good work with a prospect of continued use-
fulness. If each county in England could be induced to adopt
my plan,. and send their quota, composed of small donations,
you would have ample means placed at your disposal to ensure
the permanency of your excellent institution.
" I have the honour to be, Sir, your faithful and obe-
dient servant,
" WM. HULTuN.
" To the Very Rev. the Dean of Ardagh,
"Edgeworthiown."

CLONAIEC ELECTION.

THE DRAGGING HOME OF THE NEW CANDIDATE.
It has often been our misfortune to witness many a
• tag-rag and bobtail procession—many an assemblage of
idle and mischievous wretches congregated round the
carriage• of some deluding and deluded politician ; but
never did we look upon half so loatlisoine,and disgusting
adisplav as the cortege made who were employed to drag
in Mr. Ball, on Sunday last. Independent dies- being
a most disgraceful and sacrilegious profanation of the
Sabbath, by the crowds of howling ruffians who paraded
the streets, yelling forth their shibboleth of " down with
the hacks," and their party music by a set of half drunk-
en tradesmen' it was still a most miserable Spectacle,
and when the first feelings of indignation were past, we
looked with sorrow and pity on the blind perverted idiots,
who followed the beck of designing priests and local de-
magogues, until they presented the aspect of demi- sa-
vages, from the fierce and reckless demeanour they
hibited. It was the rabble, the whole rabble, and no-
thing but the rabble. Priests, clerks, shop-boys, but-
chers, pig-jobberi;. leather-cutters, amid servant-maids,
were all jumbled together in one heterogeneous mass,
and the veriest sweep amongst then), thought himself a
compeer of the rest—and he was right.
We endured some severe crushing to present the fol-
lowing report of the speeches to readers, for the ac-
curacy of which we can pledge ourselves, notwithstand-
ing that the interruptions of the noise and shouting were
frequent.
Priest Cuddihy first presented himself. He said—
Men of Clenmel; havn't we brought him to
_you ; we
have placed him amongst you, and hope that you will
keep him long with you (great cheering, and cries of
"-we will, we will.") Men of Clonmel, we have brought
you the man who will give you his best aid and exertions
in exterminating, root and branch, that abominable and
dreadful nuisance, the ChUrch.—(At these daring words
-there were considerable symptoms of consternation
-among those about him, in the midst of which Mr. Hac-
kett cried aloud, "Tithes, tithes," after which the
speaker resumed) -- also, the iniquitous and blood-
stained system of tithes (tremendous cheering.) . We
have now, my friends, been forty-eight hours in our ex-
ertions to place him amongst you - we have done so, and
now leave him to speak for himself. (Cheers.)
Mr. Ball then came forward with considerable hesita-
tion, and seemed evidently ill at ease with his company.
He said, men of Clonmel, I have come amongst you--
(cheers.) I have done so in obedience at two hours' no-
tice to a requisition signed by some of the most influen-
tial and respectable men in your town (cheers.) It is
usual in situations like mine to make a profession of prin.:
ciples ; in doing so, I shall for the present merely revert
to generalities; leaving particulars and minute points to
the timt when I shall have the honour of soliciting your
suffrages. The 'period has passed by in politics, when a
middle course could be adopted, and any persons pursu-
ing such a course, I conceive favourable to the perpetu-
Ating of TOryiim in England, and Orangeism in (hear, and cheers.) With respect to the question
of tithes, I shall briefly state my opinions. I believe
there never was a more unjust or ill-advisi+d system ror
upholding any religion in any country, than the tithe sys-
tem in Ireland. I shall therefore advocate the annihila-
tion in name and substance of tithe (great cheering.) As
respects corporate reform, you have an instance in your
own town how much remains to be effected in that way.
I have been informed—(but with the details of the mat-
ter I am yet unacquainted)—that there are lands apper-
taining to this corporation at present appropriated to
other uses than that for which they were intendedall I
can: say on the subject is, that if you adopt any measures
for the recovery of the same, I shall advocate them with
'sincerity as far as lam able. (Cheers.) Mr. Ball then
stated, that he had started at two hours' notice for this
town, and as.it was said before, he had suffered consi7-
-derably from fatigue, he would therefore conclude for the
present.

[ADVERTISEMENT.]
LONDON ASSURANCE.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL ST4ND.4RD,

- One or two other village spouters next exhibited, bu
their observations are unworthy of notice.
Thus terminated the proceedings of the Sabbath break
r ers.---Tipperary Constitution.

(ADVERTIREMENT.
EDINBURGH AND GLASGOW RAILWAY.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.
Ste,—l have seen two prospectuses for forming a companyto
execute a railway between the east end of the Garnkirk and
' Glasgow Railway and the west end of the Edinburgh and Glas-
gow Union Canal. Both are avowedly issued under the auspices
ot' the proprietors of the Garnkirk Railway and'of alew' of the
shareholders of the Union Canal. It is not concealed that their
object, 'in part at least, is to endeavour, by occupying a portion
of the country which presents very favourable levels, to prevent
the formation of an Edinburgh and Glasgow company.
Can the promoters of the scheme, however, for one moment
suppose that the friends of a thorough line of railway between
these large cities on the most approved principles, and carried
through the most level tract of country, will tamely submit to
the attempt for ever to strangle this great undertaking; or that i
parliament will sanction a small fraction of 'a line which is des-
titute of any legitimate public object, and is meant only to serve
- the private interests of two declining concerns? But it is also
pretended that this new project will not only amply remunerate
its promoters, but will greatly benefit the public and the Union
Canal and Garnkirk proprietors. A very, slight examination
will show that it cannot do either. '
The proposed junetion,,or rather Uni Canal and Garnkirk
Railway, is intended to commence abo a mile and a half from
Falkirk, and. to terminate aliouteig miles froili Glasgow—a
distance of about thirteen miles. ''l first prospectus estimates '
the cost at LI00,(X)0; the second a 125,000. Neither of these
/
sums will suffice; for, if the exper nee derived from•the forma-
tion of every railway in the kingdom can be. relied on as a test,
the cost will not be less than £150,000.
. By the first prospectus the revenue was calculated at £20,000
. per annum, the expenses at £B,OOO, leaving a free income of
£12,000 per annum, which would yield twelve per cent. on the
capital. By the second prospectus the revenue is calculated at.
X 23,500, the expenses at £8,500, leaving a free income of
£15,000, or exactly twelve per. cent, on the increased capital.
The coincidence is curious, and the way in which it arises
makes it apparent that the parties interested have been more
anxious to bring out a captivating result than to inquire into
the accuracy of the data on which they proceed. "
Thus in prospectus ice. 1 it is assumed, that 200,000 pas-
iengers will travel annually on the railway, which at Is. lid.
each will yield a revenue of £15,000: but in prospectus No. 2
the number of passengers is at once increased to 300,000, and
the charge for carrying them is diminished to Is. each.*
This is made to bring out the same result as No. 1., and the
revenue from the passengers is declared in both to be £15,000
a-year.

This calculation is absurd enough, in itself, but it is rendered
absidutely ludicrous when it is known that it proceeds on the
assumption that there is no competition—that this projected
thorough line of Railway is to be smothered by this Junctidned
Company, and that the latter is not only to carry all the passen-
gers going between the two cities of Edinburgh and Glasgow,
but to augment the traffic 100 per cent., atthough theme is no
increase of speed compared with coach travelling.
Again, both prospectuses calculated on a revenue from coals,.
&c. of £50(0 a-year; but to makeup the wished for return of 12
per cent., the second prospectus is obliged to add £3500 a-year
for the carriage of goods, exclusive of minerals, a source of
emolument which the first prospectus never contemplated; and
both are sources which exist only iu the vain imaginations of
the parties interested in promoting this undertaking.
The Junction Railway could never compete in this descrip-
' iion of traffic with the Forth and Clyde Canal.
These facts (and I could give many more were it necessary)
show the hollowness of the pretence that the Junction Railway
will remunerate its shareholders.
Indeed, from what has occurred since the prospectuses were
iatuPd, it is evident that one of the parties promoting this line
looks upon the speculation as being entirely.for the benefit of
the Union Canal, and another looks upon it with favour merely
for the sake of the good
intendedto be done to the Garnkirk Railway.
In short it appears to -
these two be by means of it to bolster up
consumtive concerns, the shares of which are at eonsidembi
pre-
before how f below par. The same game has been often tried
it is calculated now to succeed is notlor the
to say. But Porhserve there is a strong difference of opinion on
the subject are°
tains that it the canal proprietors; oneset of whom main-
that the Hamann:at'', another contends for the reverse, and
h Railway, for which an act was ob-
tained last year, is the oa
patlayrtorie which can be of use as a feeder
to the canal, ands third y, with apparently stronger reasons,
insist that neither of these ones ran benefit the canal, and ex-

* This is at the rate of less tha, 1-------
r. 4. per mile. On the Eng-
lish railway the fares are 2d. per
About that some half is reckoned as the expense of worki
one-
fares are thus reduced to Id. per mite,
ulicl. imagine that
un.! the line. When the
the whole, or almost the whole, receipts wwou:,
sbe absorbed in
the expenseof working. But the frarners of t
ens, having decided that the expense must be abeoeuTiodnietriker,e'r
the gross receipts, Whatever these may be, bavinredu-tied—t.h-e-
-fares to Id., and by one sweep of the pen reduced the expense to
3d. per mile.

, SCHOOL FOR THE SONS OF THE IRISH poses very successfully the, fallacy of the statement that they
*will do so. When the parties interested differ so much, the
• CLERGY.
.'public cannot safely rely on any of them. - •
(From the 'Dublin Evening Mail.) ! I have not seen any attempt publicly made to prove how much
The following communication has been received froth the Garnkirk Railway will benefit by the Junction. But I see
Fulton, Esq., of Hulton-park, that distinguished that the prospectus says that the Garnkirk people will consider
friend of the protestant cause in South Lancashire. traffic
,any addition to their tra 'as a sort of windfall, and will be glad
at very low rates of charge. It may be well to hold out
It speaks for it§elf;and will speak, it is to be hoped, to
this
cs
a are begging for subscriptions; but at once
the hearts of many, both in England and Ireland. Mr, let
thev partiesreonartlhbeenl de and joined to the Garnkirk, and then woe
Holton 's exertions in this work of mercy have been be- betide the poor Junction CoMpany. They will be at the mercy
yond praise, and if they be followed up by others 'in the of the Garnkirk at one end, and of the canal at the other. From
manner suggested by
'he. institution will soon be the mercies of such friends they will soon pray to be delivered.
placed on a footinr, of permanent efficiency.
But letus next contrast the benefit likely to result to the public
England has indeed" done nobly in sending-, at this
from this junction line, as contrasted with those which will result
from a thorough line.
crisis, such an abundant supply for the temporalmants of Ist. Speed—passengers are to be carried from Edinburgh to
the suffering clergy of Ireland; but as it seems -her pro-, ,Glasgow m4l hours--one half of- the way by water, the other
the two railways. The time is understated; but, assuming
'Vince not to be weary in well doing, site not still hold' .by
,
ithatto
ebsei right, the disadvantages are—first, the unpleasant
out her fostering hand, in furtherance of a plan whichg n the mode of travelling, and, as regards goods, the
seeks to provide for their sons a greater and more eri- acdditional,expense and risk of damage thereby
.created ; and
during blessing—the means .of a, sound, religions, and next, that the time occupied in the journey is more than double
moral education ?
what.will be required on the thorough line.
2cL.Economy is promised in the rate's of charge. But it is
difficult to believe, where three companies are concerned, and,
of course, three separate'establiShinents to be maintained, the
charges can he so moderate as under a well regulated thorough
line in the bands Of one compairv. And the calculations of
profit, which, as already stated, are 'based on the assumption
of this being the only improved line of communication between
the two cities, will all be knocked on the head by the execution
of any thorough line. -
If it could be for a moment .supposed that parliament would
sanction this double line of communication, let us enquire what
would be the result of a competition. It is not -On a railway as
it is on a canal or a common road. On both these the expense
of haulage is either of no importance in the calculatiOn, or lathe
same to both parties competing. But on a railway of the best
construction the expense of working the line is equal,-and about
one-half of the gross receipts. On a bad line it is equal to much
more. Ina competition, therefore, between a bad line and one
.presentingievourable inclinations, the former must go to. the
ground/' ow, in this point of competition, even at the saute
rate of fares, would be ruinous to the parties who might execute
this line. ' No one conversant with the subject .will g avely
maintain that the Ga'rnkirk can form
_any part of a good passen-
ger line. It was constructed for. the conveyance of coal down
to Glasgow, and the inclinations are not adapted to apas,senger
traffic, or to the economical use of locomotive power of a great
speed.. Thereris 'an incline of 21 miles long of 1 ip 150, which
is tor) steep -for unassisted locomotive power, and not steep
enough for the economical use of an assistant or stationary ens
gine.
The 'terminus, too, in the neighbourhood of Glasgow is about
140 feet above thd city, and cannot be brought into it -without
a steep inclined plane, worked by a stationary power. Any at-
tempt to improve the levels or the terminus would involve. the
expenditure of immense sums of money in addition to all that
has alreAdy been laid out upon it. It is obviously impossible,
therefore, for the Garnkirk Company to support the interests of
the Junction Company and UniorsCanal by carrying passengers
at the low rate which they admit to be necessary toenable them
compete with any thorough line.
Looking at these few facts, it is impossible to believe that the
nrominers of the Junction Company are serious in saying that
their line; if executed, would benefit. either the py.blie or the
subscriberi. They seem to have calculated on the speculation
mania which at present exists for getting up companies, good
and bad, to enable them to fill their subscription lists, in the
hope that by so doing they might succeed in deterring the pro;-
moters of a thorough line front proceeding with their undertak-
ing,
,so that if they could persuade parliament to sanction their
projected line they might, at least for a time, strangle this na-
tional work. But, in both suppositions, they be found to be
wrong; and those who are foolish enough, by subscribing fur
shares, to make themselves reponsible for the unrestricted ex-
pense of the parliamentary contest, which is inyending, will
have themselves to blame for the consequences.
A FRIEND TO USEFUL RAILWAYS.

Stit,—The memorial from the conductors of the London
Assurance Companies, which was presented to the council on
the 3d instant, is published in the papers of to-day; and no one
'who reads it can fail to agree with Mr. Earle, "that the Assu-
rance Companies possess a deal of assurance" to send such a
memorial to that body. I pass over the charge of "procrasti-
nation of measures of precaution," "inadequate supply of
water," and the very modest request "that the proprietors of
property on fire, and that immediately enhOgered," should be
compelled to bear the expenses of extingipAing it, after having
paid these assurance gentlemen the outrageous premiums de-
manded for protection, (because on these points the public will
readily. come to a sound conclusion,) and will confine my ob-
servations to that part of the memorial which relates to the late
awful conflagration at New York; an of- lurrence which has,
with much tact, been laid hold of, as a Pre tance for getting up
this memorial, the object of which is, evidently, not so much to
produce an effect on the council, as to justify the continuance
of exorbitant premiums, and, possibly, to pave the way for a
farther increase.
The memorialists state that "the city of New York has just
had its mercantile district reduced to ashes, and experienced
the full effect of the fury of a conflagration, which has not only
devastated a space quite as large and well built as the warehouse
district of Liverpool, but destroyed the credit and resources of
its principal insurance companies." It must have required the
utmost stretch of "London 'assurance" to venture upon .an st.sser-
tion so totally-at variance with even the semblance of truth, and
to have the hardihood to publish it in Liverpool, where there
are hundreds who know New York so intimately. The de-
struction of property by that distressing visitation-was most ap-
palling, amounting, as stated in an official account now before
me, to 527 buildings, exclusive of the Merchant's Exchange
and South Dutch Church, and in value 17,115,692 dollars; or,
in round numbers, to 17fi millions of dollars. The space covered
by the buildings destroyed, taking a square, including the ut-
most length and breadth of the conflagration, was under 500 by
400 yards. But what proportion does this bear to the extent or
value of the warehouse district of Liverpool ? The answer is
short and simple. There are in Liverpool upwards of 4300 ware-
houses, which, if huddled together so closely that carts could
scarcely pass between them, would cover more ground, by' four
times, than the extent of the New York fire; and the value of
which, without a shilling's worth of property in them, far exceeds
the utmost estimate of the losses in New York. Again, the
memorial says, "•As WELL BUILT." Read what an eye witness
and a sufferer says. "In the immediate neighbourhood of the
place where the fire first broke out, the stores, being intended
for 'jobbers,' and not to bear weight, were very slightly con-
structed, and the buildings, in entire blocks, only divided by
party walls, which, as already stated, immediately gave way on
the fire reaching them, and consequently presented no obstacle
whatever to its progress. In no other part of the city are the
stares so badly constructed, or so full of combustible materials,
being composed chiefly of wood, with a mete shell of brick antiL
mortar: the latter improperly so called."
That the credit and resources of many of the New York In-
surance Companies are destroyed, is unhappily too true, be-
cause their capitals were ridiculotisly small, averaging scarcely
500,000 dollars each; and the liability of the shareholders, re-
stricted by Charier to the amount subscribed. Had they been
established upcin the principle of, our joint stock companies,
where the responsibility of the partners only ends with their
ability to snake' good their engagements, not one would have
failed to pay every dollar.
The pith of the memorial, like the poiqt of an epigram, is in
its tail. "The rates of premium now charged are inadequate
to meet an extended conflagration in the warehouse district."
If the conductors of the London offices mean by this, that the
premiums are fiaadequate to meet such a fire as that in New
York,.Once every year or two, no one will deny it; but if they
meant to assert that they are inadequate to meet the losses
which have been caused by fire in Liverpool, on the average of
the last thirtyfor thirty five years, they state that which is as wide
of the truth as the east is from the west. No doubt the London
offices have lost money in Liverpool during the above' period,
because, until within the last few years, the premiums were far
too low; and it is • very natural that they-should endeavour to
make up' for those sufferings, by taking premiums as much too
high, so long as they can yet them. Whether the' merchants of
the present generation will consent to pay for the losses in-
curred during the preceding 'one, whilst they can have their
business done on more favourable 'terms, remains to be seen'
I arn, &c. ' ANTI-SALAMANDER.
February 8, 1836.