The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1838-03-16 00:00:00

THE FRENCH CLASS,

Under the superintendence of Mutts. Theodore Eugene Suliot,
Principal of the French Department, in the High School, was
commenced about the middle of January last; it already con-
sists of thirty-four pupils, some of whom are rather irregular in
their attendance, the others, about two-thirds of the whole,
have been punctual, diligent, and attentive, and have made
very satisfactory progress.

LIBILAIRY.

A spacious room has been fitted up as a library; an increase
of about 400 volumes has taken place in the number of books
since the date of the last report, 2GO volumes of which have
been bequeathed by the late Mr. Gillibrand ; the principal part
of the remainder have bee❑ presented to the institution by 11.
V. Yates, Esq. Several thousand volumes are still wanted.
Tho directors recommend their successors to devote about £lOO
of the surplus fund to the purchase of books, and they trust to
the friends of the institution for donations to supply the de-
ficiency.
The fitting up of the museum has been contracted for. Some
valuable presents of speciments have been received, and it is
hoped that ere long it will be opened for the use of the members,
and prove au abundant source of rational gratification and
amusement to all ranks, both old and young.

THE LECTURES
During the last half year have been very attractive and more
fully attended than the most sanguine friends of the institution
could have anticipated. The first was a ,nurse of six lectures
by William Rider, Esq., of London, on perspective, engraving
and painting. The second was a course of ten lectures on the
marine and locomotive steam-engines, steamboats, railroads,
&c., by Dr. Lardner. The third was a course of eight lectures
on chemistry, by Robert Kane, Esq., M.D., M.R.I.A. The
fourth was a course of eight lectures on popular physiology, by
John Epps, M.D. The fifth, a course of four lectures on the
beauties of geographical science, by Mr. John Smith, Lecturer
on Education, &c. Thitty.six lectures in all being delivered
in the course of four months. _

I o succeed these lectures the directors have engaged Professor
Scouter to deliver ten lectures on geology. Dr. Grant, of the
London University, is engaged to deliver eight lectures on the
history and structure of the rnolluscous and articulated animals,
in August next ; and Professor Kane, of Dublin, will follow
Dr. Grant with a course of eight lecture on chemistry, as applied
to manufactures and the arts. A correspondence has been
opened with several other lecturers of eminence, which will be
placed before the new board ; and it is hoped they will he enabled
to obtain the services of a sufficient number to make this depart-
ment of the institution as valuable and attractive as possible.
Having closed their report of the evening departments, the
directors beg to call your attention to a most interesting part
of the institution,

THE LOWER DAY-SCHOOL,

Under the charge of the Rev. Mr. Rutherford, Mr. Emerson, Mr.
Rogerson, and their assistants. At the date of the last report, this
school contained but 80 pupils. Since that period, it has
steadily increased, until the number in attendance has reached
221, whilst, at the same time, the discipline, and regularity of
the schools, have been so much improved, that the directors feel
pleasure in publicly expressing their approbation of the con-
duct of the masters. As a still further increase is expected, the
directors have caused plans to be drawn, and an estimate made
of the expense of fitting up two additional school-rooms, for the
accommodation of the pupils; these plans, and estimates, will
be handed over to the new hoard.

They have appointed an assistant master to the English de-
partment, a drawing-master has been advertised for, and it is
hoped, an efficient person will soon been obtained.
The principal French master of the high school, and his
assistant, devote 5 hours per week to the instruction of a class of
31 boys in the French language, and as soon as the needful
arrangements are completed, the principal of the philoso-
phical department in the high school, will be enabled to devote
one day in each week to those classes which are sufficiently
advanced to require his instructions.
The pupils in the senior departments, continue to make rapid
progress in English grammar, geography, writing, and arithme-
tic ; the first class is far advanced in the study of Algebra as
simple equations, as the pupils are respectful, orderly, and atten-
tive. In order to reward them for their good conduct, the directors
granted them free admission to Mr. Smith's lectures on geogra-
phical science, and their behaviour in the lecture-room has been
a source of gratification to their teachers, as well as the directors,
who earnestly hope, that the example given by the pupils of
this department, will not be lust on those, who, from the instruc-
tion afforded to them, should also furnish an example of order,,
regularity, and gentleman-like conduct. John Clow,£l4ssqt.o'
has placed at the disposal of the directors, the sum of
purchase books to be distributed to such of the pupils in the
t
lower school, as may distinguish themselves during the present
year, which it is hoped, wilt stimulate them to increased ex -
ertion.
The high school commenced operations on Monday, the Bth
of Jan. last, under the superintendence of seven principal mas-
ters; fire assistant masters have since been added, and various
improvements have been made, which the directors hope will
make the high school one of the first in the kingdom, and ren-
der it still more worthy of the high estimation in which it is
held by the public. The period of its existence has been too
brief to authorize the directors to speak of its progress, from
their own knowledge, they have, therefore, obtained from the
principal masters reports of the progress of the pupils, in their
respective departments, from which they have made the follow-
ing abstracts :
The English departments is under the superintendance of the
principal, Mr. F. H. Rankin, and his assistant, Mr. W. Harts-
horn, A.M., T.C.D. Mr. Rankin says:
Brought into contact with more than 150 pupils unknown to
him, he found, that the earlier part of the business of the school
necessarily involved much investigation into the previous pro-
gress of the scholars ; this examination was not limited to the
precise degree of their advancement, but extended to their
habits of mental discipline, their tone of thought and taste, and
what is popularly termed the bent of their genius, where any
sign of genius betrayed itself, the form, however, of examina-
tion was carefully avoided, the actual course of instruction
having commenced during the first week of assembling.
It would be difficult to impress upon the board an idea of the
very remarkable degree of ignorance on every subject
connected with history, geography, and youthful literature,
which marks the greater portion of the pupils. So general is
their inaccuracy in mere reading, and spelling, that the princi-
pal proposes to put spelling-books into the hands of upwards of
one hundred of the boys, being convinced, that accuracy in
small things, is the only guarantee for accuracy in great ones.
A. few pupils, however, allow a brighter colouring to be given
o their corner of the picture, the eldest class, a small, but
praisworthy little phalanx, are conducting the advance, in a
manner highly creditable to themselves, and it is to be hoped,
satisfactory to their friends. These boys consisting chiefly of
those whose education had been more judiciously directed, pre-
viously to their entering the institution, than that of others, had
been sufficiently grounded in the simpler elements of English
education to justify their being introduced to a course of easy
school lectures, on the subject of language. and style, em-
bracing an inquiry into the general principles of beauty, cor-
rectness, and criticism. Blair's lectures being the text book,
they write recollections of the lectures as exercises in compo-
sition. Physical, anti topographical geography, occupy the re-
maining hours. The school is divided into six classes; the five
junior classes are engaged in steadily pursuing courses in his-
tory, geography, and composition. Particular attention is di-
rected to the principles of grammatical structure, and idioms
of our language so seldom thoroughly understood, are carefully
explained, their use being made clear, by familiar illustrations.
Fe,v studies connected with youthful employments, are so much
calculated to cultivate the analytic, and synthetic powers of the
mind, as early attention to just, and grammatical criticism,
Some of the classes contain between twenty and thirty boys,
and each class remains one hour only in the English Class
Room. Although, therefore, each receives an hour's instruc-
tion, each pupil individually can claim but a stout allowance of
time and exclusive attention. It is, therefore, it subject for con-
gratulation that the board has provided a fellow labourer for
the principal, especially as many boys stand deplorably in need
of much exercise in reading.
Two months form but a short page in a school-boy's history,
but that the last two months at the High School have been welle
spent, the principal willingly appeals to the examinations in the
lecture room. In a public school some powerful principle lead-
ingthe
to good conductand awakening energy must, exerted—the
most legitimate, and at the same time, the most powerful—ap-
pearsatttich
attar/anent
theinst srunteutiencnts. theirofi,he p tsitnuediyp,alanndf
the
ne
English department,. begs to offer as an illustration. of the ad-
vantages the interestinile in
(it'
permitted to close their books, after the vantages of this principle, that at three different times have
classes, when perrni
expira-
tion of their hour, and at the termination of school, entreated
permission to remain with him and to pursue the subject of his
instructions instead of joining their playfellows.
Contemplating the steady progress of the boys,
the principal
of this department looks forward to the early introduction of
the principles of mental and moral philosophy into the classes.
Expansive and enlightened views of our social and moral rela-
tions, are, in fact, the great ends of education. In conclusion,
the principal of the English department begs to 'hank the
board for their liberality and their co-operation.
assistant,re Mr
r
THE MATHEMATICAL. DEPARTMENT
IsH
under(
tp.en,g
Cambridge, superintendence
of
a
Mi
his i
C uze 8.A.. Sgth
John'sport to the oiMoore, 8.A., I.C.D. Mr. Creuze, in his re I.'rectors,
says: " While the principal of the mathematical department
is acting in conformity to the wishes of the directors, that he
should forward to them a report of the state of his mathematical
classes, he cannot but feel gratified with the return which the
progress and behaviour of those boys which compose those
classes enable hint to make.
He is authorized by the experience of four
the University of Cambridge to state that the
minds
t?t-se aerfs
eventniti tuition at
edu-
cated men. if not especially trained to the habit of concentrating
thought on abstract matters, are found unattained to the reason-
ing out the truths of mathematical analysis. For him, t hen, to
hay.- expected, during the interval of too months, any great
proficiency in abstruse calculation from boys, the average of
whose age does not exceed twelve years, would only have been
to seek certain disappointment, but for him to have found these
boys interested in acquiring knowledge generally stigmatized
as particularly uninteresting, has exceeded his most sanguine
hopes, and has clearly demonstrated that the methods of in-
struction usually adopted in schools, have been almost the sole
cause of such a stigma. Of this the mathematical principal was
well aware. He knew that boys experienced no pleasure in

NlARcit 13, IS3P,

the usual mode of investigating the answers to various prohles
m
in arithmetic ; the process is dry and mechanical; numbers
the
.
are directed to be placed in some particular manner, i
pupil is assured that if the placement for which he was taught
,
no reason, and if the different operations, for which he knew no
cause, were correct—the answer would correspound with that to
the key.
red
Now it is well known that those whO have once conque
the difficulty of understanding the first principles in geometry
or algebra, become exceedingly attached to those sciences.
cannot, then, be agreeable to consistency,
sh%that arithmetic, I:'lhdt7
rules of which are capable of being equally demonstrated, i
be the only portion of the mathematics which is to be tal4
without any regard to reason or understanding, The explatia-
lion of the rules are for the most part easy to be non'rp e..
hended. And it is certain that the generality of boys can trace
the processes with facility and pleasure.
The interest of the pupils has been awakened with comp
lete
success, and the consequence has been an attention to their
studies which has scarecly allowed scope for bad behaviour.
The philosophical department is under the superintendence
of Mr. Montagu Lyon Phillips. In his report to the directo.rs
.
of the progress made in his department he says—Worn the cl,
vision which has been made of the pupils, it will be seen that
there ate six classes; the two first, consisting of boys whose ages,
vary from nine to eleven, attend me daily front nine to ten.-an"
from ten to eleven, for the purpose of receiving lessons tiVe
objects of nature and art. No very great display of acquire.
menu can be expected from boys so young as those forming the,',
above two classes, but they are each day learning something 0'
which they were previously ignorant.
fats
That they feel interested in these lessons is proved by the
that many of them are in the habit of bringing me specimen
themselves. I have confined myself with these classes to ob-
jects of natural history, to a few simple minerals, and to such,
productions of manufacture as I have found them capable nt
understanding, to a few of the most obvious properties of the
air, to a few simple gases, and to such elementary portions of
chemistry as I judged would not be beyond their comprehension.
Fur the four higher classes I have adopted the following course
of instruction, viz: mechanics, geology, natural history, and
chemistry. These pupils, when they came, were so generallY
deficient in mathematical knowledge that I thought the above
the better course to follow, as it allows time for them to Make
a sufficient progress before proceeding to those branches of 0'
tural philosophy which require a greater amount of mathemati-
cal acquirernents in the student. In geology, I endeavour at
the same time that I instruct them in its general outline, to
combine a knowledge of mineralogy with the subject. The
constant references which are made during these lessons to na-
tural history, animal and vegetable physiology, chemistry, arid
' other branches of science, through the kindness of several
friends to the institution, and through the exertions of the
pupils themselves, 1 have been enabled as yet to instruct front
specimens.

In natural history I have endeavoured to give the pnpils a
knowledge of the classification of animals. I purpose to give
them instructions in the physiology of the human body, as I aOL
provided with a beautiful set of preparations, and every thing
which can be needed for such a purpose; this concluded, I shalt
follow it up by a course of lectures upon animals belonging to
the various classes.

I have until the present time been giving the four higher
classes instructions in chemistry, but with one or two excep-
tions their knowledge of the subject was so slight that I have
been obliged to commence from the very beginning.
I can testify with pleasure to the very good conduct of all
these classes, and have been pleased with their diligence and
attention.

The classical department is under the superintendence of Mr.
John Price, A.M., of St. John's College, Cambridge; and his
assistant, Mr. James Peace, A. 11., T.C.D. In the report to
the directors Mr. Price says—ln presenting this my first report
of the classical department, I have first to observe that the
pupils in general joined the High School extremely ignorant of
Latin, the majority being also unacquainted with the simplest
application of the principles of their own language, whilst of
Greek not more than six knew even the alphabet, four of whom
only were able to translate the Testament. Various Latin
grammars having been in use among them, and success depend-
ing far more (in my opinion) on the industry and skill of the
teacher than on the particular books employed, I have adopted
the grammar previously learnt by the great majority of them,
viz., the •‘ Eton," of which, however, 1 have fur the present
ordered the "accidence" only for the use of the institution.
I hope to obviate the necessity of learning many syntax rules
by keeping short formulce of the main principles of the language
constantly before their eyes in a tabular form, whilst my assist-
ant will be employed in rendering every part of grammar a mat-
ter of common sense even to the youngest pupils. The want of
such assistance up to February 20th was especially felt, owing
to the disparity resulting from our system of classification; and,
in fact, with our present number, would scarcely be felt at all
from any other cause, under a judicious system of tuition, in
the classical department.
There are now, of our 157 pupils, 135 who learn classics, (of
these 14 attend my school-room two hours each day, instead of
learning French,) the remaining 22, many of whom are too old
to commence Latin with much advantage, are still left, out of 43
who at the first declined classics. And as the 21 converts were
made with little or no opposition on the part of their parents, it
seems as if our prospectus had held out undue temptation to
idleness, prejudice, or caprice, thereby inducing the omission of
a most valuable instrument of education, which not only facili-
tates directly the acquisition of knowledge, but also includes in
itself a species of intellectual training and discipline for which I
believe no equivalent has ever been devised. At the same time
I rejoice that the time allotted to the study of the classics has
been so freely curtailed, provided it be found, as I trust it will,
sufficient fur all practical purposes.
With respect to present progress, I think I may on the whole
speak favourably, with due allowance for the circumstances I
mentioned at the outset. In the four senior divisions, the ma-
jority appear to me decidedly improved. The great hindrance
in all is the previous want of that systematic instruction in
English grammar which our institution offers, and without
which our brief classical lessons would undoubtedly be insuf-
ficient.

To those pupils who are grossly ignorant of the very parts or
speech in their native language, I cannot impart much solid
instruction in an unknown one and,
necessity judgingby t
hfreom m
wanty
of an
an
care, my colleague in the English department must have been
assistant
-master.
supplyingthis

The study of Greek is at present confined to keeping up the
grammar with those pupils who had already commenced. le
Latin, the 6th division are reading Cicero de Amicitia ; sth,
Cornelius Nepos ; 4th, 3d, and 2d, three different parts of
valpy's Delectus, according to their several capacities. The
first division, as well as a great number of backward boys, in
divisions '2, 3, and 4, are learning the grammar exclusively,
I am happy to add that I have reason to he satisfied with the
general conduct of the school-room, and that I see within the
sphere of my own observation every reason to believe that the
most sanguine expectations respecting the high school may,
with the Lord's blessing upon our united exertions, be most
abundantly realized.
The French department is under the superintendence of
Mons. Theodore Eugene Suliot, M.A., and his assistant, Mons.
Andre Sears.
The principal reports, that with the exception of the very
youngest the progress of the pupils has been satisfactory, and in
many instances highly so. The beginners, who form a great
majority, have used a book with an interlineary translation, to
prepare their lessons. which they then repeat witkßut books,
translating the French which the master gives out. faro English,
and that English back again into French. They are now be-
ginning a regular course of grammar.
The more advanced learners are exercised in dictation,
conversational phraseology, writing, translations from English
into French, and in translating verbally from French into
English, (without books,) and retranslating from English into
French prose and poetry prepared on alternate days.
The writing and drawing department is under the superin—
tendence of Mr. Barber and Mr. C. J. Smith.

Mr. Barber says, "I can only remark, that from the coin-
memcement of the classes in January, up to the 26th Februaty,.
my instruction was confined to lessons in perspective, in which.
department some of the pupils have made progress, particu-•
larly the fifth and sixth classes."
Mr. Smith says, In the plan of education prefixed to the pros—
pectus of the schools of the institution, it is stated that each,
class in the high school shall receive three lessons per week in
writing and two in drawing ; but the drawing master's inability.
to conform to the necessary arrangements has caused some ir
regularity on this point, three of the classes having received:
four lessons per week, and three, only two per week.
The prospectus al,o states that plain and ornamental writing
and stenography shall be taught, and as the two last branches.
have not yet been introduced, it may be necessary to state the-
reasons for the omitlien which are as follows ;--Although the:
importance of writing must be duly appreciated. by every. one,,
at the present day it is so imperfectly taught in many school*
that, of the pupils now attending the high school, there are not
half a dozen who can write a good commercial hand, or make
a pen properly, whilst bad habits of sitting and holding the pen,
and of writing in the most scribbling, cramped, and negligent
manner, have become so firmly fixed in many of the junior
pupils, that it will require much patient labour on the part of
the teacher to correct these faults before any thing further can,
be attempted. Some improvement is however visible, and the,
appointment of the assistant-master will overcome all difficul—
ties. Lessons in ornamental penmanship will be given to sucit-
pupils as shall have made considerable progress in plain writing,
which, from its general application and consequent importance,,
must always be the primary object in' this department of educa—
tion.
The copy-books written by the pupils will at the close of each.
year be sent home, in order to afford the parents a fair opportu-
nity to judge of the actual ,improvernent, and it is hopeu that a.
comparison of the first and last books of the half year, will give
more satisfaction than ao exhibition of those pretty, but decep-
tive specimens, called Midsummer and Christmas pieces, whigh'
are often got up in such a manner as to afford but very im -
~
per
fect indications of the pupil's real improvement in this impor.-
taut branch of education.
In concluding their report the directors again call upop.the
members of the institution to join them in an expression of gra-
titude to those friends by whose assistance (unuer Providence).
that have been enabled to fulfil the trust which yon !reposed in'
them.
They feel assured that it is only by the aid of tuich,
as this, that that universal diffusion of intelligence and, goofk,
will amongst all classes can take place, which is so necessary
to render us happy, and aisle to compete with the intelligence'.
and enterprise of other lands. It is now for the pUblic to decide;
whether this great community shall determine tp linger be.hindi
their neighbours, or whether it shall, continue to WO the read
in carrying to perfection a system calculated to spread far and
wide the inestimable blessings of intellectual cultjyrdion and ge:..
neral information.

Mr. Gt..AnsroNE said every person, would.agree wits him as
to the prosperity of the instituti.m. Liverpool, the second town
the kingdom, had long been without a Mechanics' institution,
but they had now got one worthy of the town. Might it go on,
and prosper? He concluded with moving "that the report
'which has been read be adopted, and that Use treasurer's
accounts pass."
Dr. Nicnot.soribrieily seconded the resolution, which was car-
ried unanimously.
The SECRETARY then reed a list o-f the donations which had
been made to the institution during t be past year, consisting prin-
cipally of books. Amongst others were 31 vols. and an iron
chest from Mr. John Ashton Yates; a shark's jaw from Mr.
Sheil, and a pair of bulls horns from John Hall.
Mr. ROBERT MArneitbegged leave to move "that the thanks
of the meeting be given to•those ladies and gentlemen who have
presented donations and books to the institution within the last
half year."
Mr. JAMES Ertzv briefly seconded this, which was unani-
mously carried.
Mr. G. MAXWELL said they had heard a very gratifying
account of the progress of the institution. They must recollect
that it was eminently indebted to the gentlemen who had raised
it to its present state. He would move "that the thanks of the
meeting be given to the treasurer, Mr. Christopher Hind Jones,
to the president and viee-prestuents, for the skilful and success-
ful management of the affairs of the institution duringthe period
they have. had them under their care."
Mr. CROSBY briefly seconded the resolution, which was car-
ried unanimously.
The SFCRETA RY then read the names of the president, vice-
presidents, and the committee for the ensuing year.
.President,
Mr. James Mullineux; vice-presidents, Mr. Richard Vaughan:

'Wm:ill 16: 18 8

~::~r:~-~z~

Yafe, Mr. William Ratlibono, and Mr. James Muspratt,
Treasorer, Mr. Christopher Hint Jones. The committee were
y 410 into 4 sections of 9 each.
Mr. Isaac Eh owErs, Jun. moved "that the above named
gentlemen 'be elected the board of directors for the curreut
year."

Mr. JAMES KING briefly seconded thfs, which was unan
moldy carried.

The PRESIDRNT said he was now going to d that which, to
many of his young friends would be the most interesting part of
the evening; ho was going to distribute the prizes.-
The first prize was to Benjamin Howarth, for an .original
design for a monument. Prize, Dugald Stewart's antiquities
of At hens.

Andrew GeorizsUutchinson, for a beautiful model of a geo-
metrical staircase; atilver Roscoe medal.
John Allen for a 'drawing of a locomotive steam engine ;
Great's Mechanic's Dictionary.

„ -
Henry Harding for a drawing of the machinery of a corn
mill ; Grear's Mechanic's Calculator.-
Saml. Godwin, for proficiency in mechanical drawing; Whe-
well's Euclid.

Edward Jones, architectural class, for the shaded copy of a
colninn ; Bildwin's Work on Architecture.
Thomas May, fur the drawing of the conic section : Thonip•
son's Elements of Euclid.

John Duncan, for a perspective drawing of the Wellington
Rooms, from actual elevations and. measurements; Stewart's
Antiquiriesof Athens.
Edward Hollis, landscape drawing class, for proficiency in
landscape drawing; a drawing book, landscape and cattle, by
Cooper and ,Harding.
. C. F. Clements, for a landscape in pencil; landscapes and
cattle by Cooper and Harding. •
John Barlow, for a drawing of landscape and cattle; a draw-
ing book.
John Davenport, for a marine view; a copy of Harding and
Cooper's drawings.
John Oaks,• ornamental painting class, for an ornamental
drawing; a Orawihg book.
John Dutton, John Fisher, William Wilson, John Wright,
Chas. Brown, for ornamental drawings; each sets of Raphael's
ornaments of the Vatican.

The mathematical masters required.a little time to make a
•• decision.
The PunsionNr said, as the business of the evening was now
over, he wished to take the opportunity of offering a few remarks
The first thing he wished to call attention to was, the report of
that evening. It was calculated to inspire confidence in the
minds of those who had heard it. It was nut like those reports
drawn up in a flattering manner to put the best face on the
matter to be presented. What he particularly admired in Ihe
.reportavaahe -perfect sincerity and air of truth and candour
vrhi'ch pervaded the whole. It satisfied him that when the gen-
tlemen who drew up that report had occasion to pass,censure.
they would do it, and when they saw occasion to praise, their
praise might' be depended upon; and therefore that part of
the report which alluded to the slight attendance and
want of exertion on the part of the pupils, would, he sin-
cerely hoped, come' home to the minds of both the pupils
• and the parents. A tittle encouragement, a little gentle
persuasion, or a habit induced would easiry overcome this, and
It required only perseverance for a short time to overcome this
want of attention. He perceived that books were a good deal
wanted fur the library. There were many persons possessing
libraries containing numbers of works originally usetul, which
were now no longer so, and which were of little more use than
filling up a book shelf. If persons possessing books of that kind
would submit to the sacrifice, and would send the books to the
mechanics' institution, they would have the satisfaction of think-
ing that they had rendered the books of the use for which they
were intended, to advance knowledge. A more interesting
study than natural history did not exist. The institution possess-
ed a museum, in its infancy, it was true; but if persons who
had received specimens of natural productions from abroad
which they had kept on a shelf, or in rooms where they were
seldom seen, and which they wished to be seen, the Institution
offered to them a sale depository, where they would be taken
• care of. and could not fail' to be admired. The mechanical
drawing class wanted many copies. There were in the town
many men of public spirit connected with mills and machinery '
who, if this was known to them, he doubted not, would come
forward and offer such' drawings. He did not doubt but if this
came to the ears of Mr. Fawcett, that any working drawings no
longer needed for himself, would be very valuable as copies for
the institution, that he would furnish them. His task was near-
ly over; but he begged to ask what was the impression which
had arisen in their minds from the events of the evening.—was
not that thee had now open before them a great sphere of
usefulness? He congratulated the pupils on the happy selec-
•tion of masters, so far as their individual characters were known.
The selection had been a most difficult task: so far as their
characters had been observed they were such as to raise the ut-
W most confidence in them; and as far as this went, he was satin-
- tied that the committee had made a proper choice. On the
other hand, the pupils must see that the masters were disposed
to do theirduty, and gif-e them every information, and the pa-
rents of the pupils would no doubt be gratified at the progress
They were making. That progress also would react on the
masters, and stimulate them to increased exertions. This mu-
tual feeling would not end here; the parents of the children
and their friends would feel, as the institution advanced. that
it was an honour to have had their children educated at it. The
masters would find that there was in Liverpool a scope for
science, and would be on the look out for successors when they
should leave. Thus, there would be a mutual good feeling and
combination between pupils and masters, which would carry
/forward the institution to a high pitch of perfection. The scene
'before him that evening created in him the most animated
feelings. It was cheering to see the spirit with which indivi-
. • duals were carrying the institution forward. Such a feeling of
enthusiasm would lead them to the glorious results they might
„anticipate in future years.
The President then dissolved the meeting and retired.
• Mr. Mut LINEUX proposed a vote of thanks of the meeting to
•William Wallace Currie,Esq. the late President, which was
carried by acclamation.
•Mr. Cucaic briefly returned thanks, and the meeting broke
up at about-nine o'clock.

GREAT' NOR'Tti OF ENGLAND RAILWAY.—We understand
there is' it'probahility of some impediment being; offered to the
piogi'ess of this railway's works between 'Thirsk and York,
owing to certaiiilegai omissions or informalities.
So great is the destitution in the parish of Chapel-en-le-Forth
that Many poor fafuilies ale perishing for want of food, fire, and
clothing; so large •an extent of misery has never been before
known. —Derby 111ei cary.
A COlNER.—Michael Boylan, whose case was noticed in the
Guardian of Wednesday, last, in Whose room Berwick found a
mould and materials for coining; and a quantity of base money,
and who was committed fur trial at -the sessions, was again
brought tip at the New Bailey on Monday, when Mr. Foster in-
formed him, that the attorney-general had directed that his case
should go fur trial at the assizes The Witnesses were in attend-
ance and were bound over to prosecute at Kirkdale.-31etachester
Guardian. •

THE CORPORATION NUISANCE.—We mentioned last week
one of the artifices employed by the canvassers of the corpora-
tion faction to induce ignorant people to sign .the petition for a
charter. We have since heard of other doings of these gentrY,
as little creditable to their candour and love of truth. I'wo of
them called a few days agnupon a lady in Great Duck-street,
and on her hesitating, to sign her name, she was told that the
object of the petition was to procufe the removal of vagrants and
beggars ! On this representation of the object of the petition,
she was induced to-sign it.—Manchester Courier,
PUBLIC DINNER go WILLIAM GARNETT, ESQ.—The Con-
serVatives of Salford held a meeting on Tuesday evening, at
which it was resolved to give a public dinner to Mr. Garnett, on
Tuesday the 176 of April. Owing to the large and increasing
number of Conservative electors, and friends to the cause., and
g
there bein no building •in the borough
sufficiently capacious
far :the purpose, a spacious temporary building, 'with every
suitable accommodation, will he erected fortheo
shallccasio be on
occasion, be-
hind the' Crescent. 'lt is intended that the dinner
Si) extensive scale, and in every respect
worthy
distinguishedthe cause n in
which the electors are engaged. Several
Porters of conservatism will be invited to attend.—Manchester
Courier.
THE Pawl-Law TYRANNY.—The gentlemen forming the
Dudley board of guardians, finding that the allowance of food
to the poor of the metropolitan unions was of much better
quality and of greater quantity, ordered that the dietary table
sanctioned by the poor-law commissioners for the metropolitan
districts should be adopted ie that union. Of this resolution,
and its adoption, the commissioners were informed, and, in re-
ply, sent a letter to the master and matron of the union work-
house, threatening them with the most dire consequences, from
which the hoard of guardians could. not protect them, if they
dared to continue the increased allowance. The geardiaus sent
several letters to the commissioners, who have not condescended
to answer them, or to hold any communication on the subject
with them. tinder these circumstances the guardians met on
Mondiv, and unanimously agreed to petition both houses of
parliament for power to increase the provincial allowance to
that of the London unions.—Worcester Journal.
MURDER AT EASTON, NEAR STAMFORD.—A. shocking murder
'was perpetrated in this village on Tuesday morning week, on
the body of a female, named Elizabeth Lougfeot, aged about
51, who wax possessed of a little freehold property, oat which
hs,he lived. The deceased was of very eccentric habits, and had
.on many occasions alarmed the neighbourhoclifthy cries of
• ',murder," Sze.,`-hppearing, hy writings found "4:1" her .cottage,
I to have entertained great suspicion (probably Owing to her '
de-
ranged intellect) that certain- paities:were,itiimical to her, and
had evil designs towards her. Cries of murder were heard about
four o'clock in the morning, but were disregarded, the hearers
imagining that it seas the deceased in . one of her customary
i
fits of mental aberration. -About seven o'clock in the morning,
however, as a woman hi the village was proceedingout to wash,
to deceased's house, she saw her
pattetis and .one shoe
lying in the little yard, which excited her suspicion, otherwise
the affair might have remained the whole day undiscovered, as
it was by no means uncommon for the poor woman to remain
within doors all day, and wander about at night. She gave the
alarm, and on entering the house, the door of which was open,
the body of the deceased was found lying in the first room, a
kitchen, on the stone floor, quite dead. Much blood was found
in the room, and likewise ih the yard, where it is supposed that
`she must have been first struck on the temple by seine blunt
'instrument, and stunned, and then the murderer, kneeling in
Ole clay beside her, completed his diabolical deed by strangling
her with his fist, the marks of his knuckles being very visible on
the right "irie.of- her neck.. It is much to be regretted that the
namber of persons who instantly crowded to the spot entirely
defaced all shoe-marks, which might have led to discovery; the
impressionsi of knees covered with corderoY small clothes, have
-been preserved, and are now in the possession of the proper
authorities. On searching the house, two chests of drawers
4%te found open and ransacked, and a third untouched, the
!Probability being, the ruffians finding easily what they sought,
'flatneit,i a quantity of ready money (to the amount of upwards
(4 PM) which she unfortunately possessed, had secured that
„
in' decamped, crossing the wretched victim on leaving the
.I,,'use• -Andrew. Porter, of Easton, baker, has been committed
Prison on sarapicion of being concerned in the murder:
triAtyritoolvtitr.NT FOR DEBT.—The memberi of the British
oien have prepared a petition, to be presented
"Lso the of Is, respecting
the bill for the abolition of
'"Prtsoninerit for debt, as it may
effect medical men, asthey
consider it pvill he more injurious to them, inasmuch as they are
essarily precluded from making those preliminary inquiries
oich eanlie instituted by Other parties, as they are frequently
._4llert aeon to attend to sodden and urgent cases admitting of
ruo delay. arid were they to refuse attendance, they would be
eJectßii to considerable odium and disgrace ; and that, as
re are many persOns -in London who possess only annual
incomes derived front appointments, and do not hold any
.!'ule Property which ran he available for the benefit of the
under 'he provisions of the projected act, should it he
tied;,',. into force their losses would be much greater than they
4±;" " re"-nt. Vsliih this view, therefore. of meeting the in-
ih:ased risk which they would incur by the adoption hf this act,
e:itioneis sea est that it may he made corn 'et--nt for a
Jul;,"''l on the :IpplittiOn of a judgment creditor, to order that
much nr the ealarv, wages. or income of the debtor shall,
svi it.
time 1' time,- tie p
w
aorepriated liqtridation of the judg-
,"S Hwy appc
ar Proper to the judge, or else that the house
oisep,;(l"iltlTit."'',.h wiier.igeasureF may rippeartte it to be most
"

FRIDAY MORNING. MARCH 16, 1838.

K-7-- The Publication of the STANDARD commenced this morn
ing at 5 o'clock.

THE BALLOT.—The reformers of Rodney-street ward
assembled, on Friday evening last, in the rooms of the,
Tradesmen's Reform Association, for the purpose of con-
demning the introduction of secret voting into the Town
Council. From the tone of some of the speeches deli-
vered on this important occasion one might almost doubt
whether it was not an anti-ballot meeting—so strongly
was the system of secret voting animadverted upon.
The first speaker, who rose to edify his brother refor-
mars, was a Mr. Daniel Mather, who stated that he "to-
tally disapproved of secret voting by a delegated body."
Unless this gentleman is an advocate for universal suf-
frage—unless he maintains that every man, woman, and
child, whether rich or poor, independent or a pauper,
sane or insane—should possess the right of voting for
every descriptidn of "delegated bodies,"—unless, cve
say, Mr. Darriel'Mather entertains these liberal notions
respecting the extension of the franchise, he 'must be an
enemy to vote by ballot in every shape whatever. We
are prepared to maintain that the electors, as Well as the
elected, are " delegated bodies"—each exercising re-
presentative functions; and that any argument which is
valid against the practice of secret voting in one case,
must be equally so in the other. The electors hold the
franchise as a trust for the non-electors—for their wives
and children, and for all who are not eligible to vote
themselves: :We do not suppose that any radical in the
kingdom will deny that time elector is morally bound to
consult the interest of the large class who are necessarily
excluded from the list of voters. Admitting this, as a
truth against which he cannot offer a shadow of argu-
ment, we ask, where is the consistency of the liberal
who would confer the vote by ballot upon the 'constitu-
encies, and refuse the same privilege to the " delegated
bodies" ?

But there is no end to the inconsistencies of these ra-
dical orators. They maintain that the vote by ballotwill
enable the electors to act independently, and to follow the
dictates of their consciences, uninfluenced by any, feel-
ings of partiality ; and, at the same time, they assert
that, when introduced into the council-room, the practice
.of secret voting takes away the -independence of the
•councillors. This is argUing pro and con with a ven-
geance.

After Mr. Daniel Mather, Mr. Alderman Evans got
up to vindicate the Town Council from the charges
which had been brought against its members. At the
commencement' of his speech v‘e find the following ex-
quisite bit of philosophy :

• "Before he passed ()U to the consideration of the question
before them, he would deprecate the employment of such un-
justifiable language as that of Mr. Mather. That gentleman
had jumped to the conclusion. that, because of the manner in
which the magisterial appointments had been made, the coun-
cillors were either conservatives or traitors. (Heat...) He was
clear that rash assertion was one great evidence of the truth of
the statement made by Mr. M.—namely, that he was unaccus-
tomed to public speaking, and showed that he laboured under the
confusion of o novice in addressing an assembly. The chairman
had designated the nomination of miigistrates a "measure."
Now, the word " measure," in his acceptation of it, meant some-
thing of a legislatorial character—something, in fact, connected
with law making, or having reference to a general principle.
For that reason, it could by no means be applied to the acts of
a body like the town council. If gentlemen would only reflect
—if they would do justice to, and attend to the distinction
which he would endeavour to draw between the act of making
appointments and that of making laws, they would, he felt as-
sured, view the conduct of the council in a different light to
what they then did. In most legislative assemblies of a higher
character than that of a municipal body, there was nothing of
an executive character blended with them ; there was a distinct
executive power, like the king in England and the president in
America, on whom devolved the appointment of all officers.
But the case was different with the borough councils; they
united within themselves a little of the executive with a legisla-
tive capacity; and he maintained that the two duties were es-
sentially different, and required for their proper performance
different modes of proceeding. On the introduction of any
proposition of a legislative kind, the councillors could command
a full and open discussion of its merits; but when they come to
a ministerial or executive duty, that power vanished away. He
entreated them to think upon this great distinction which he had
Pointed out."

If, after this lecture from Alderman Evans, either the
chuirman of this meeting or Mr. Daniel Mather have
the courage to get on their legs again for the purpose of
.speaking, .they are possesseCi of greater courage than we
give ihem credit for. HoW must these "novices" have
been overwhelmed by the force of demonstration with
which their folly was exhibited ! How must they have
been astonished at -the extent of their previous igno-
rance ! How much must they have been delighted and
edified by the -clear;and logical views—the philosophical
distinctions---.7the 'accurate' language—and the self-re-
nouncing modesty of the worthy Alderman !
We have been highly amused with the following sly
hit of the Alderman's at Joshua Walmsley, or some one
else :

"A gentletrian in the council might get up and propose
(though in the last nomination nothing of the kind had oc-
curred ; he was merely putting a hypothetical case)—a man
for some situation exceedingly unfit and improper in all re-
spects, and was another gentleman to rise and say, " I objec
to that nomination—l move an amendment ; and why ? decause
he is not to be trusted, he is not a man of honour, he is not a
man of character; I know of instances where he has shown
himself to be utterly destitute of principle."

In such a case as the one put hypothetically by Alder-
man Evans we should certainly justify the use of such
language as the above, if it proved to be in strict accord-
ance with the truth. We think " society at large"
would prefer such straightforward, honest, plain-dealing
conduct to- a silent condemnation under cover of the
ballot-box, for which the Alderman is an advocate. The
latter is a sneaking alternative, worthy of being resorted
to only by cowards and hypocrites.
Alderman Evans dwelt with flinch pathos and feeling
upon the imperfections of his biethren in the Town
Council. He observed—

"The meeting should remember, however; that the council
comprised 8-1 members; and if every one was to be the perfect
being that some people asserted he ought to be; they would find
h a difficult matter to Send up four. representatives. Coun-
cillors were but men, and being men, were subject to the in-
firmitieq of man."

So, after all Elie extravagant eulogies bestowed upon
oor liberal l'own.eouncillors, tt appears that they are
b tit fallible, sinfol mortals, liable to be Swayed by their

prejudices, and apt to be led into error " by those friendly.
feelings and sympathies, which must frequently be ge-
nerated amongst them by close and frequent inter-
contse." If the alderman's description of the members
of the council be correct, it is high time that the bur-
gesses should bestir themselves, and try to get.rid of
some of their representatives. They have proved them,
selves to be incapable of acting with independence: this
ought to be a sufficient condemnation.

We would ask any man of common sense whether
Alderman Evans does not, in the following language,
give his direct approval of hypocrisy, and that in its
basest and most degrading form.? He demanded the
ballot—

" To protect them, in fact, from the operation of the best
feelings of their nature—to obviate that acquiescence in a request
which might often be conceded to private friendship only, but
which could ill be evaded in open many,"

This hypocritical conduct would be the universal con-
sequence of adopting the practice of secret voting.
A Mr. Spencer got up to reply to Alderman Evans,
and completely demolished his sophistical reasonings.
We give this gentleman's speech at length, as it fur-
nishes one of the most cogent arguments that could be
adduced against the introduction of vote by ballot in
any shape whatever :

Mr. Spencer said that if he had wanted an additional argu-
ment for opposing secret voting in the council he had been fur-
nished with it by Alderman Evans himself. ltappeared that
when some individual had had the boldness to propose a candi-
date of bad character for an office, a councillor who was cogni_
cant of that individeal's notoriously bad character, was not to
reveal the fact, because he might be liable to an action for libel,
but was to content himself with merely voting against him in
secret, By such a mode of proceeding they were far more
likely to have bad men thrust upon them than they ever had been
heretofore; whereas, under the other system, if an unprincipled
or worthless man, and known as such to- only one or two :per-
sons, the mere fact of Mr. A. or Mr. B's open oppositioi to him
would immediately cause others to infer that he had some reason
for that opposition. By having recourse to the ballot, however,
a single individual merely recorded his rote against him, and the
matter perhaps- terminated in consequence, in the election of a man
destitute of character.

We take this to be quite conclusive on the subject.
What security would there be under a system of secret
voting, that " bad men" or " men destitute of Charac-
ter" would not be thurst into the Ton•n Council or into
Parliament ? Evidently none.
Equally strong is the following speech in opposition
to the vote by ballot in any shape whatever:—
Mr. Downey then addressed the meeting in a very animated
speech in support of the motion, and strongly denounced the
resort to vote by ballot by the council. If it was permitted in
one case, what security had they that it would not be adopted in
others—that it might not one day he resorted to for the pur-
pose of effecting a compromise on the celebrated endowment
job? He advised them to send representatives who would vote
openly and fearlessly, so that the electors might know what the
responsibly elected were doing. The councillors who would ad-
vocate secret voting, could not, in his opinion, be independent
men.

11 ' Mutatis mutandis, this speech applies with equal force
to the vote by ballot among the constituents.
We are' not sorry that the secret voting in the town
council has furnished an occasion for' demonstrating so
triumphantly the folly of advocating the ballot. The re-
formers of Rodney-street ward have given the quietus to
any further agitation in Liverpool in favour of this nos-
trum. We would suggest the propriety of forwarding
a copy of the speeches delivered nd the resolutions
passed at this meeting, to Mr. Gr ..
401
After this demonstration on tlfe .part of the Rodney
Ward Radicals, we expect to find that,.at the 'next
,muni-
cipal election, a pledge will be demanded from each can-
didate that he will oppose secret voting in the. council.
The honest indignation expressed by the radicals, will
surely prevent them from giving their votes to any man
who refuses to give such a pledge. If is lucky for Alder-
man Evans that. he was not returned into the council bv
the 'suffrages of the people. - - -1 -

THE YEOMANRY CAVALRY.—The grasping avarice of
Trower manifested by the present government leads them
to The rashest and most unjustifiable extremes. To-gra-
tify their insatiable craving for pelf and patronage they
consent to the Maddest. and most mischievous plans of the
enemies of British independence. This has been suffici-
ently visible throughout the whole course of their official
career ; and fresh instances of their zeal in sacrificing all
the safeguards of our national honour multiply upon us
from day to day.
From a conversation which took place in the House of
Lords on Tuesday evening, we understand that it is the
intention of the ministers to reduce considerably, if not
to disband altogether the several corps of yeomanry ca-
valry throughout the kingdom. This force has always
been found of the greatest utility in the suppression of
local disturbances; and, perhaps, the preservation of the
internal peace of Great Britain, for so many years, may
be, in a very great measure, attributed to its efficient
organization. The ostensible motive for the suppression
of this force is the old whig plea of economy_a plea
which has heralded in so many profligate schemes of pecu-
lation—so many gross jobs—so many attacks upon our
revered institutions. The real motive has been glanced
at by the Earl of Winchilsea, who remarked--

" He very much feared that her Majesty's government had
an ulterior object in the removal of this jimce—viz., the establish-
ment of a paid constabulary force, to be appointed by the govern-
ment; and, further, the dismissal of the unpaid magistracy, and
the appointment of paid magistrates in their place. Now, he
would warn the people of England that if such a matter were
adopted, there would be an end of British liberty, and whether
it came from that side of the house or the, other he would stren-
uously oppose it. At the same time he would not conceal his
opinion that the present rural constabulary force was not effici-
ent, and he should rejoice to see that protection afforded to
several districts which the several police was totally inefficient
to afford. He would not oppose the establishment of a paid
constabulary force, but he should be sorry to see it under the
control of any government, whether whig or tory."

There can be no doubt that the whigs are preparing
for the establishment of a rural police. What a fine
field Will be opened by such a plan for the exercise of pa-
tronage ! How many hungry expectants will urge them
on to the adoption of such a scheme for the sake of pro-
fiting by its success! The whigs have been so lavish of
their favours—so profuse in their generosity to their ob-
sequious friends in the House of Commons, that they
have long since exhausted all their resources, and, there-
fore, fresh plans must be devised for the purpose of aug-
menting their patronage. The radicals are becoming
troublesome and refractory—they have long pined in.
silent but fruitless expectation—they are now clamorous
for, lbcrative appointments, as rewards for. their disin-
terested patriotiSin. The whigs are therefore bestirring
themselves to appease these trotiblesome adherents..
We view the proposed interference with the yeomanry
cavalry with the greater alarm, as it is likely to form a
prelude to the appointment of stipendiary magistrates
throughout the kingdom. The independent unpaid ma-
gistracy have long been an eye-sore to the present go-
vernment. They have refused to become the tools of
the latter, and to render themselves subservient to their
arbitrary schemes—they have too strenuously defended
the rights of the poor against the despotism of the poor-
law commissioners—they have disdained to prostitute
their office for the purpose of aiding the whigs in their
attach upon our venerable constitution. For all these
sins of omission and commission they are to be super-
seded bya servile race of salaried functionaries, possessed
of more. supple conscience*, and willing to do the dirty
work of their unprincipled masters.
On the subject of the disbanding of the yeomanry ca-
valry, the Morning Herald has the following eloquent
remarks

"The appointmgnt of a paid constabulary force is, of Course,
the object of whig government. The appointment of such a
force will "carry Out" the glorious principle of centralisation!
The advantages of the project are manifold. In the first place,
it will add immensely to the patronage of the wings. In the
second place, it will add immensely to their real power. It will
in fact, when fairly carried out, invest the representatives of the
scheming portion of the middle-class constituencies, with des-
potic power over the labouring masses, on the one band, and
over the landed aristocracy nn the other!
"The schemtng and gambling, commercialists have nn object
more nearly at heart, than ,the enforcement thrOughout the
kingdom of the new Poor Lfiw Act. It was well, undoubtedly
in their view, to appoint coMmissioners, and assistant com-
rnissioners, with their long trains of dependents for the ptir-
pose of carrying that act into effect; tut still, so long as the Old

TILE I,IvERPOO,I, STANI)A111)

HALL,

unpaid magistracy of England remained in existence—so long
as a most respectable section of the gentry of England con-
tinned to administer local law—so long did it remain an utter
impossibility to find supple tools in the provincial courts of
justice, to give full effect to the legislative edicts of the Nlal-
thusian "triad" at Somerset House. On the ground of their
inflexibility, therefore, in this and in other sitniii• matters, it
became necessary tothe whits, to get rid of the unpaid magis-
tracy. Their places, therefore, will soon be filled bywhig de-
pendents; and the new Poor Law Act will gain another class
of enforcers—a class of men, who will (whenever their powers
may enable them), abet the commissioners and assistant com-
missioners in all their plots against the independence and,corn-
forts of the labpuring poor!

" Yeti fortify themselves as they may, with slavish commis-
sioners, and hireling dispensers of local justice, the authors anti
supporters of the new poor law can never be secure, that the
feelings of outraged humanity may not; sooner or later, impel
the labouring classes to resist the law;—and in such an emer-
gency (should such ever occur) the yeoManry corps throUghout
England might not, always, perhaps have been, safely depended
on by the Whigs: These yeomanry corps consist of English-
men, in whom the old-fashioned feelings of humanity are not

altogether extinct; and who, moreover, are linked to the la-
bouring poor, by a strong community of interest. The yeomanry
corps, in short—although always pronipt in vindicating the
constitutional law of England—might have hesitated, perhaps,
at giving full effect, in the List resort; - to the precepts of Mal-
thusianisin !

" It has become necessary, in point of fact, to create, and to
bring into action, a description of force, more in harmony with
the spirit of the poor law commissioners, and with the spirit
which will carefully be instilled into the stipendiary magis-
trates ! A constabulary force, therefore, extendingall over the
kingdom—and responsible, like the poor. law commissioners,
and the stipendiary dispensers of law, only to the Home office
has been resolved on! This body will have no constittitiOnal
scruples—no respect for ancient usages, or for the kindly feel-
ings of neighbourhood. The law of Somerset House will be in
their eves, more sacred, than the laws which have descended to
us from the time of 'Alfred !. They will, in short, complete the
`philosophical' system of centralisation! They will move in
exquisite harmony: with a dependent magistracy, dependent
commissioners, anti a despotic Hoine•office ! The system will
be one of absolute irresponsibility. The labouring poor will be
powerless to help themselves; and to whom shall they com-
plain ? To (he landed gentry around ? Alas! the landed
gentry will soon be as powerless as the labourers themselves! To
the paid magistrates? To the commissioners ? The magis-
trates and commissioners will have no higher duty, than to set
at defiance such complaints! To the 'House of Commons?
Why, the House of Commons has given birth to the system,
and the ruling portion of the House of Commons—the
scheming, active, moneyed portion—hopes to revolutionise
society in this country—and to get rid of the last traces of
monarchy and aristocracy—by the operation of the very prin-
ciples, of which the. new poor law is an embodiment!
" The appointment of poor-law commissioners and assistant
commissioners and the establishment of boards of stipendiary
magistrates will strip the landed proprietors of England of a
large portion of the influence which they now possess—will de-
prive them entirely of their natural right to superintend all
arrangements for the disposal of the sick and unemployed poor,
and estrange them altogether from the sympathies of the labour- j
ing classes. And this is one of the objects of the system !

" But, in the second place, the system of reducing the
labouring poor to a " coarser kind of food"—the system of
lowering the general rate of labourers' wages, must, in its not
very remote consequences, destroy the independence of
an aristocracy which derives its revenues from land. As wages
fall, the labourer's power of purchasing must l eseen ; and as
the labourer power of purchasing lessens the price of the great
mass of the products of the soil must fall from want of the cus-
tomary competition. Farmers, therefore, who grow that pro.
dace will be ruined. Shopkeepers who retail that produce will
be ruined; and, at one or other remove, the recipients of the
rent of land—the gentry and feudal aristocracy—must give,
place to the commercial schemers who have concocted the
project, and who look forward to all the results which we have
specified as to► the crowning glories of the Malthusian new
Poor Law Act! A population of labourers toiling eighteen
hours a day for less than half their present allowances—small
shop-keepers and farmers beggared and reduced to the level of
labourers—an aristocracy stripped of the means of asserting
their ancient privileges—and a small band of capitalists, and
schemers exercising despotic sway over the rest of society :
these are the sure results of Malthusian legislation ; these are
the objects, to the advancement of which, the whigs have lent
themselves—as they are always willing to lend themselves, to
the adiancement of every thing that is base-Lof everything
that is opposed to the true interests of the English nation !
"The yeomanry corps are to be got rid of! The continued
existence of organized bodies, able and-prompt in times of ex-
tremity—in times such as seem not far distant—to assert at
once their own rights, and the time-honoured institutions of the
country;—the continued existence of such bodies of bold citi-
zen-soldiers, might be found, perchance, exceedingly inconve-
nient to the Malthusian. Melbourne dynasty!"

MR. BROWN'S CONCERT AT THE TEMPLARS'

Mr. Brown's concert was held on Tuesday evening last, at
the Templars'-hall. We have rarely attended a concert at
which more good music was brought out, or which was better
performed. The concert opened with a grand symphony from
Haydn, which was very splendidly performed by a compact and.
most efficient orchestra. The madrigal which followed,
" Dainty fine, sweet nymph," was delightfully sung by a picked
number of the Liverpool choristers. The passage " Amongst
these roses" was beautifully executed. The next song was
the beautiful ballad, " The light of other days," by Mrs.
Brand, with a cornet It playa accompaniment, by Mr. Thomp-
son. This ballad, it will be recollected, was delightfully sung
by Mrs. Alfred Shaw, at Mr. George Holden 's concert. Mrs.
Brand sang it very neatly. There is nothing particular in her
style of singing; she sings sweetly; her principal fault is gasp-
ing audibly. We have before spoken. of Mr. Thompson's
cornet piston accompaniment to this ballad; the tone of the
instrument is beautiful and capable of great modulation. Mr.
Davies sang the succeeding scen, " The hattleof Hohenlinden,"
without one spark of the spirit or feeling of the piece." Mr.
Davies has a good bass voice; but voice alone does not consti-
tute good singing. Mrs. Hiles next sung ell me, my heart,"
voice much improving.
which she gave very sweetly. Her
The next piece was a duet by Mrs.Hilesand Master Gillow, a
boy of about 14, "My pretty page." This duet formed quite a
delightful feature in the concert. Apart from that charitable
-allowance which an' audience is always disposed to place to the
credit of a youthful effort,
Master Gillow was deservedly ap-
plauded for the taste and sweetness with which he sang his part
in the duet. The duet was enthusiastically applauded. Mr.
Walton, of
.Manchester, sang with his accustomed taste the next
cavatina, " Adelaide." Mr. Brown then gave a grand fantasia
on the flute, the last composition of Nicholson, which he played
with splendid execution. A song, " What is the spell ?" in-
troduced Mr. F. Gardner to the audience. He possesses a
sweet tenor voice, and, with cultivation, we have no doubt he
will make a good singer. At present, when above or below the
natural pitch of his voice, he has no command over it. Another
thing, no less to be attended to by
,a public singer, is, to learn
to avoid all grimace. It is difficult to dissever the ideas which
proceed from sight and sound conjoined ; it is not easy
to laugh at a joke which is told with the solemn air of a church-
, yard story; the manner and the matter ought to agree. When
singing the sentimental verse, "The spell is woman's love," Mr.
Gardner looked frightened out of his wits, and was in effect
irresistibly comic. ;The finale of the first part, " The Chough
and Crow," a quartette, was delightfully executed. In the
second part, the flute obligato by Mr. Brown, " Pot Pourri,"
was a Most extraordinary performance, whether we notice
the feeling which he threw into it or the execution which he
exhibited. It was enthusiastically encored. Mr. G. Eyton
played very neatly, and with much sweetness of tone, a solo on
the violin. A song, by Mrs. Hiles, "Lo ! here the gentle
lark," with a flute obligato by Mr. Brown, was very loudly ap-
plauded; the accompaniment was beautiful. The glee, "'The
Watchman," by Mr. Lunt, Mr. Walton, and Mr. Davies, was
very well received; it is a delightful glee, full of striking effects.
'l'heeoncert concluded with " God save the Queen," and ap-
peared to give much and general satisfaction.

IMPROVED PATENT FELT.—We have bef6re us a specimen
of thii useful substance, which fully justifies the high terms of
commendation in which it is universally spoken of. It forms
an admirable material for sheathing ships' bottoms, for baling
and wrapping, for roofing, out-buildings, sheds, &c. It is im-
rervious to wet, and resists the attacks of the worm. We have
no doubt that this sheathing felt must soon supersede every
similar article. "

THE LIVER THEATRE.—This delightful little theatre ,we un-
derstand has been crowded during the week. The drama of
the Pickwickians, and the excellent acting in it of the dramatis
persona will account for this. We have not had time to pay a
visit to the theatre this week, and give an opinion as to the
merits, or otherwise, of the drama, and the acting in it, but we
have heard both highly spoken of. -Mr. Lee's Jingle and Mr.
Hammond's Sam Weller are said to be exceedingly clever.
THE, ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.—This evening Mr. Ryan
takes his benefit, with the " Giaour Chief." Mr. Ryan's exer-
tions during the season are deserving of particular support at
the end of it; and we make no doubt that he will oblain it.
Mits. RAYDMOND'S•BENEFIT•--Mrs. • Raymond's benefit will
take place on Monday, her bill is the strongest of the season.
We perceive that .111 r. T.. P. Cooke will re-appear on that
night in the " Pilot," as Long Tom Coffin, and Hammond, for
the first time this season; as Captain Boroughelije. We heartily
wish her a bumper.
THE COP4IIIO6OII'E STEAM-SHlP.—Last week we gave a de-
scription of thii beautiful vessel, copied from the Glasgow
Argus. Since then We have had an opportunity of personally in-
specting her and admiring her splendid fittings and her. beauti-
ful proportions. Like our contemporary of the north, we do
not profeis to be very deeply skilled in naval architecture. Our
opinions, howeVer, have been backed by those of competent
judges, who have pronounced her to be one of the finest models
afloat. 'Mahv improvements have been introduced into her
machinery, which will, under circumstances that frequently
arise, be highly advantageous. It is not difficult for. even a
novice in such matters to perceive, that her engines have been
finished in that style that always gives evidence, on the part of
the manufacturer, of a determination to produce a chef d'oeuvre.
Nor have either the machinist or the builders of this beautiful
vessel been disappointed in the anticipation. The Comniodore
has alt early distinguished herself as a superior boat both in point
of speed and comfort. The cabins are magnificent. The prin-
cipal cabin; a saloon, is fitted up with exceeding taste and ele-
gance. Nothing more superb has ever fallen under our notice.
The ladies' cabin ,is, if possible,-as it should be, still more beau-
-10541. The style of the fuinitore anil decorations in the latter
ri lints credit on the tase of the person who designed the whole,
-as the eff.et is admirable.. The berths are exceedingly comfort-
able and commodious, inure than usual attention having been
paid to the comfort of passengers in this important department.,'

CORR ESPONDE ArCE.

LIGHT SOVEREIGNS.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE I.I7ERPOOL STANDIED,

SlR,—Owing to the Excise, Customs, aoci Posts)!lice refusing
sovereigns short of weight, many of the old established banking
houses ate now practising the same, to the very great inconve-
nience of the public at large. The way to pot down this incon-
sistency is to memorialize Government on the impropriety of
issuing sueh orders to those under them; and, secondly, for ail
all those who have accounts with those hankers who refuse light
sovereigns, to remove their accounts to the Joint Stock Banks,
the -whole of which take them. The wheels of trade must not
be shackled any longer. By giving insertion to the above. yon
will oblige yours, &c. A SUFFERER.

CORPORATION POWERS

To THE EDITOR OP THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

Stu,—A correspondent in the Albion questions the power of
the Town Council, to bestow an allowance to Lieut. Low, the
government emigration agent here for office, rent, and lodgings
I beg leave, as a professional person, to say, most decidedly,
that, according to the strict legal interpretation of the municipal
act, they are so completely fettered that they cannot give any
part of the corporation funds for such a purpose. If they do,
they act cum periculo, *ill be in fault, and probably provoke
their constituents. .

Although Lieut. Ldw got £l5O from the late Town Council,
(who were not so pointedly restricted by any statutory enact-
ments, and :had certainly, and., perhaps properly, in many cases,
a more extensive discretionary power.) and may stand im need
of another grant or gift. Tire precedent cannot now be acted
upon or sanctioned. The finance conithittee, to whom the mat-
te' is referred, will perhaps report accordingly to the next
meeting. _

Neither in Greenock, Bristol, Leith, Hull, and other. ports,
where officers of the Navy are put on full pay for performing
the important duties of emigration agents. (having been all
previously on half pay,) has any such demand as the present
been made. If the pity is inadequate, let government be applied
to for an increase, or an extra allowance for rent.

The act ought to he softened, for at present the council can.
not even give assistance to the poor At this distressing period
of want and starvation. I am, &c.

OBSERVER.

SCRIPTURAL EDUCATION.

TO THE EDITOR OF THB,LIVERPOOL ST4ND✓IRD.

SlR,—The desperate efforts which have been made with la-
mentable success,,, and are now making, to banish scriptural
instruction from (rift schools of every grade, (and 1 believe, in-
cluding, at least, one of our new Universities,) are so fraught
with some of the worst evils, that every friend to the best inte-
rests of his fellow-creatures should strenuously use every endea-
vour to preveot the evil from spreading; and to root it out
where it has been adopted.
Towards these desirable objects, I beg you to insert in an
early publication the following extract from a valuable work
entitled " EttJA ta THE TISHBITE," p. 221 and 222. art. 'Work-
day Evening,' by the Rev. Frederick William Krntuinacher,
D.D.. of Elberfeldt, Prussia, translated from the German, and
published in 1837, by the Religious Tract Society.
. .

It describes forcibly what we have to dread among ourselves
for Ole unholy designs and labours of men styling themselves
"liberal" and "enlightened:" papists, deistg, infidels, soein-
ians, and nothing-at-all-ariaus. Oh ! may the example of Ger-
many, and our duty to God and the rising generation, be
seriously laid to every heart ; "a Christian is the highest style
of man :" the contrary is its lowest.
•
I earnestly recommend the perusal of (he " TI§ABITE" to
all sour readers: It. P.
Liverpool, March 13, 1838

" 0 my brethren, what sorrow fills my heart, Upon turning
from the picture of these ancient and piouslY-devoted seminaries
back to our own times, to contemplate the establishments for
instruction, which modern wisdom has debiSed, and of which it
boasts. oye sons of Israel, how much better %vete ye provided
for than most of our youth in the present day ! and yet We are
CHRISTIANS! Where are institutions at present to be found
in which another vitt rules than that of the world and the pro-
fane? Where can. we behold flourishing seminaries in which
a Christian hopes for his children to flourish also ? Alas ! they
do hut rarely, very rarely indeed, exist; notwithstanding, our
systems of education, those boasts of the age we live iu. In
what, then, consists the vaunted perfection of such systems?
Is it in those fragments of classical literature which are crammed
intp our youths ; or in those ornamental accomplishments to
which our daughters are made to sacrifice their health and men-
tal cultivation ? Or, is it in the almost general separation of
modern instruction from the word of truth, the gospel of our
salvation ? Or, is it in the more popular manner its which in-
dividual branches of knowledge are treated, apart front .all
deeper investigations, apart from' their general connection,
and above all, apart from the knowledge of God as their chief
end and perfection ? Or, does the excellence of our modern
education consist in purely heathenish conceptions of liberty,
morality, and justice, as accredited to our youth in many semi-
naries, by blind leaders, who never study the sacred oracles
with half the diligence, zeal, and respect with which they study
the ciassie writers of ancient Greece and Rome? And here I
cannot refrain from inserting the remark of an enlightened
writer upon the present state of education in Germany :
." Education," he says, "is become a system of seduction—
youths, an I even school-boys and apprentices are trained into
instruments of faction and rebellion, and are found the most
active associates of tumult And revolt in the present day." Yes,
the most audacious blasphemies and execrations 'are uttered in
the ears of listening, youths, and even of children,against clergy,
magistrates, and public institutions, while the minds of the
young are thus easily excited, and ariuk in these iniquities like
water. A monstrous ignorance of the Word of God, an affect-
ing and deplorable want of scriptural knowledge exists far and
wide • for during the last thirty years, our youths have been
beguiled of all the blessings of holy things, in our public and
private seminaries ; yea,. even our very universities, and those
who have most distinguished themselves in perpetrating these
spiritual robberies, have become the most respectable. popular,
and best rewarded. The Most superficial talking passes for re-
ligion and moral instruction; and school books full of subtle
omissions, or of the must daring attacks upon religion, are in-
troduced by authority. Instruction in history—that memorial
of Divine justice and human sins, is commonly abusedto the im-
planting of national pride, and the dissemination of the most
pernicious principles and doctrines."

METHODIST BAZAAR.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL ST./HOARD.

S am glad to find the Editor of the Mail has animad-
verted on the letter which appeared in his letter of Tuesday
last, and signed " A Wesleyan Methodist," relative to the
proposed• bazaar for relieving the exigencies of the schools in
connection with that respec'able body.
It strikes me, however, that the tenor of his correspondent's
remarks is so very discreditable both in spirit and in language
as to require further notice. It has seldom or never fallen to
my lot to read observations evincing such a manifest want of
Christian feeling as those appearing in the letter referred to.
His insinuations (more particularly) thrown out against the
young ladies who have expressed their readiness to assist in dis-
posing of the articles for sale are really disgusting, and such as
should not come from any one laying claim to the title of gen-
tleman. And here I put out of question the consideration that
his profession, as a Christian, ought to have taught him to "put
on charity which is the bond of perfectness:" "and to study to
be quiet and mind his own business.." And this last remark by
the way is worth his attention; for the ignorance he displays
relative to the rules of the society (as shem n by his making a
distinction between being members of the society and meeting
in class: none are MEMBERS who d-) not MEET IN CLASS) affords
internal evidence that the signature is, to use the least offensive
term, an " assumed" one.

In reference to this insinuations can his correspondent have
forgotten, if perchance he has ever known it, that "purity is
the essential ingredient of woman's nature, is firm and durable
as the clearest and brightest diamond, and is yet so delicate
that a blemish once thrown upon it, however lightly, is never'
removed—that this charm of her character once gone, is gone
for ever ?" is it then a light matter to cast into shade, as he
has done, by calumny, that belies
"All corners of the world, kings, queens, and states,
Maids, matrons, nay, the secrets of the grave
This viperous slander enters,"
thus to cast, I say, this bright jewel into shade, and rob her
of that which could not enrich him, but make
" Woman poor indeed."
- -

Methinks his pen wss so saturated with the gall of "bitter-
ness," that even allowing his zeal, which is not according to
knowledge, to have given him the persuasion that he wrote the
truth, he could not write that "truth in love." . .

His remarks as to the red bonnets, &e., are, in my opinion,
entirely besides the general question he professes to discuss.
We might, however, inquire where, when worshipping within
the walls of Brunswick Chapel, was his attencion to his devo-

tions when he saw these things? Was he not honouring God
with hit; lips while his heart wa's far from him Ur was he by
the gate, sentinel-like, scanning each worshipper that entered?
I am not a judge in my own cause in this matter, not being
a member of the Wesleyan body. I am, nevertheless, on terms.
of cordial friendship with several of the members; and being
desirous of rescuing the Wesleyan Methodists from the unjust
aspersions above referred to, l have ventured to teply to his
correspondent's letter.—Wishing fliera God speed in their la-
bours, I am, &c.. A CHURCHMAN.
15th March. 1838,

THE LIVERPOOL PILOTS.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD,

SlR,—Through the medium of your valuable paper, permit
me to inform the public that Mr. John Bibbv, at a late common
council meeting, passed a very severe censure on the whole
body of pilots, for the faults of a few. Mr Bibby also asserted
that the pilots were a very inefficient body of Men—that they
can do nothing without steam-packets. Now, for the informa-
tion of the public, Mr. Bibby seldom has a vessel towed in by
steam, and his outward-bound vessels never employ steamers
but for his own convenience, that is, when he has advertised
them to sail as packets, on a particular day, which may be
calm or with foul winds; they also frequently leave the dock
with nothing clear or ready to work the ship, which makes it
necessary to have a steamer. lam astonished that a gentleman
like Mr. John Bibbv does not know better, fur he ought to
know that pilots have nothing to do with employing steamers;
they are frequently employed a week before the pilot takes
charge of the vessel, when outward bound, and, when inward
bound, the pilots cannot or dare not employ a steam-vessel
without orders from the captain or some person in authority.
I consider what Mr. Bibby has stated of the incompetency of
the pilots generally a very unhandsome and nnwarrantahle
censure on the pilots as a body, and well calculated to injure
them in the estimation of the public,—l am, &c.,
Liverpool, 16th March, Mg. FAIR PLAY.

The High Sheriff, W. Blundell, Esq., of Crosby-hall, and
party, have oidered apartments for the ensuing assizes at the
Adeiphi Hotel.

• ORATORIO FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE POOR.—The gross re-
ceipts at the theatre, on Tuesday night week. amounted to
about £200; the sum available for the purposes of charity will
be £l2O.

AWFUL.—M
.a meeting of the gaol committee, on Wednes-
day, Mr. Mayor read aletter from Mi..Baiues,- m:r., and took
occasion to say, that he had also a letter i❑ his pocket from Sir
William Molesworth, "the first that he had received, and he
!taped it uould.be the last." Pour Str Wil iam ! •` Dead for a
ducat "—Leedslntelligencer.
. .

2 .
RADICAL DISAPPOINTMENT.—The members
,of the rantrat
association have taken the name of John Fenton, their hon.,
member, Off all their flags. because he left the hopse.a t'l did not
vote with John Fieklen, M.P. for Oldham, on the 20th oh., for
a repeal of the new poor law,--many of them gay, they ill never
again put conAtlence in a whig, but rather than vote for another
they will have a tory again.