The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-10-11 00:00:00

THE WRETCHED ROADS OP INDIA.

In the countries of Central India, not less than in those
to the north and north-west, owing to the absence of all
roads for vehicles, the ordinary means of conveyance is
by pack-bullocks, who [which] in vast droves track their
slow and weary way across sandy, sterile tracts, through
wild jungle-paths, and over steep ghauts, for hundreds of
miles. To bring the cotton of Berar alone to Bombay, it
is computed that the services of 180,000 head of cattle are
required; and when we remember that their journey is
for a great distance performed through districts in which
both water and fodder are always scarce, it will not be
surprising that the utmost uncertainty prevails as to the
receipt of crops at the port of shipment. This primitive
mode of conveyance is not only the most tedious, but the
most costly of any in existence ; yet by far the greater
part of British India possesses no roads which will allow
of the employment of carts.
It is in vain that British enterpise and capital are
brought to bear upon the great experiment of cotton, so
long as the universal cry for roads is disregarded. British
merchants have been found with energy sufficient to brave
the difficulties attending the establishment of agencies in
the interior ; but their ardour is damped, their efforts
thwarted, and their capital jeopardized, by the one great
crying evil, the utter absence of roads available for car-
nages. The old mode of transport is of necessity resorted
to—that of pack-bullocks ; and so slow and costly is this,
that long before one crop of cotton can be despatched
from the place of growth, the following harvest will have
commenced ; ships which have been provided in anticipa-
tion for the conveyance of this cotton to Europe are mean-
while awaiting its arrival in the harbour of Bombay until
the shipping season shall have passed, and the interest on
the capital thus indefinitely locked up accumulates, until
it forms a heavy and grievous item amongst the charges
of the operation.
- - - -

From the extracts already given, it will be seen
that Mr. Capper's book is one of very diversified
interest. The topics embraced in it are of deep
importance to the public generally, and doubly so
to a community like that of Liverpool. Let us
add that the volume, besides being handsomely got
up and beautifully illustrated by engravings, is
also very low in price.

BOOKS RECEIVED.
Church of England Quarterly Review. No. LXVIII.
London Quarterly Review. No. I.
Blackwood's Magazine for October.
Dublin University Magazine for October.
Hogg's Instructor for October.
Warren's Works, (Diary of a late Physician.) Plr. Ed. Part I.
The Comedies of Ariatophanes. By W. J. Hickie. Vol. 11.
The Pantropheon, or History of Food. By A. Soyer.
Speeches of Kossuth, edited by F. W. Newman.
The Three Presidencies of India. By John Capper. One Vol.
Egypt. Ethiopia, and Sinai. By Lepsius. One Vol.
Bernard's Hand Book of Foliage and Foreground Drawing.
Fredrika Bremer's Works. Translated by Mary Howitt. Vol. I.
Fern Leaves from Fanny's Portfolio. One Vol.
Carpenter's Physiology of Temperance.
The Universal Library. Parts XXI. and XXII.
Izaak Lakadam. By Alexander Dumas. Part I.
The Rhine. By Victor Hugo.
Life of the Right Hon. Edmund Burke. By Peter Burke.
The Alain Family. By A. Karr. Translated by R. B. Brough.
London City Tales. Fitz Alwyn. One Vol.
Yankee Humour and Uncle Sam's Fun.

The Dodd Family Abroad: No. XIV. The Life and Ad-
ventures of Dick Diminy the Jockey; No. I. Punch for
September. Chambers's Journal for September. The Pro-
testant Magazine for October. The Bulwark for October.
The Christian Family Advocate for October. Home Thoughts
for October. The Ragged School Union Magazine for Oc-
tober. Our Children's Magazine for October. Temperance
Chronicle for October. Th►eves, Beggars, and Prostitutes :
by the Rev. Isaac Holmes. Mr. Lover's Magazine, No. I, for
October. The Coming Rest.
New Music.—The Magic of Home. The Captive. And
Oh Do not leave thy native land.

ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE.

ST. PHILIP'S CHURCH.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, AND GENERAL COMMERCIAL ADVERTISER

SIB —ln the columns of your last Tuesday's newspaper,
I read, with anything but feelings of pleasure, two letters
with reference to the services at St. Philip's Church, on
the previous Thursday, when Dr. Hook, at much personal
inconvenience, left his own parish to come among us, and
kindly assist me in my earnest, though humble, endeavour,
to incite the members of the St. Philip's congregation to
a more frequent attendance in the house of God, and to
increased liberality in helping forward the holy work in
which we are engaged. The want of knowledge so con-
spicuously manifested by one of your correspondents in
his misapplication of terms, will not have enhanced the
imagined importance of his letter in the opinion of persons
better informed on such subjects than he appears to be.
And the spirit breathed in the sentiments of both " A
Churchman" and " Nemo" could not fail to awaken in
the hearts of really religious persons sorrow and regret.
My object, however, in writing to you on the present
occasion, is not with any desire to enter into controversy
with your before-mentioned correspondents : nor, had
there been a personal attack upon myself directly or in-
directly, should I have deemed it necessary on that
account to trouble you with a letter, but I write simply
for this reason, viz., having it in my power, I trust, thus
to remove any unfavourable impression which may have
been made on the minds of some, with reference to the
ability or painstaking of the gentleman who officiates
as organist, and to whose care the musical portion
of the service at St. Philip's Church is entrusted.
Where there is just cause for complaint, no one ought to
be offended at the complainer, when that complaint is
made in a right and proper manner. That there was just
cause for complaint on last Thursday week, as far as the
singing is concerned, cannot be denied; but there are
extenuating circumstances which could not easily be made
known at the time to those strangers who were present,
although known to the regular members of the congrega-
tion. The organ had been closed for several weeks, and
the repairs and enlargement only completed half an hour
before the commencement of divine service—the singers
were recently brought together—some of the best voices
were not present, being unable to leave their daily employ-
ment—and Mr. D. C. Browne, the regular and much-valued
organist, unable, through severe illness, to preside at the
organ.

Now, Sir, I cannot but hope and believe that, had your
correspondents been acquainted with these particulars
previously to writing the letters you inserted for them in
your valuable paper, instead of venting, in unmeasured
strain, their feelings of annoyance and disapprobation, they
would have sympathized- with the Clergy and congrega-
tion of St. Philip's Church in their deep regret that such
untoward circumstances should have caused the musical
services to have been so imperfectly performed on that
day, as it must be acknowledged they were.
It may be asked, why were the musical services attempted
in the absence of the regular organist and some of the
best voices of the choir? To which I would simply remark,
that I believed the arrangements to be complete, and that
I was not aware of the deficient means of carrying them
out until it was too late for remedy.
Sincerely hoping, that the next time "A Churchman "
and " Nemo " are induced to attend divine service at St.
Philip's Church they may find very considerable improve-
ment in the music and singing,—I am, Sir, yours, faith-
fully, C. H. BURTON.
Liverpool, Oct. 7, 1853.

ECCLESIASTICAL INTELLIGENCE.

PREFERMENTS AND APPOINTMENTS.
Rey. A. Holland, 8.A., to the Curacy of St. Bartholomew's,
Birmingham.
Rev. L. Browne, to the Incumbency of Whittlebury and
Silverstone. Northampton.

Rev. H. H. Candy, 8.A., to the Curacy of Inkberrovr, near
Alcester. _

Rev. J. Carr, M.A., to the Perpetual Curacy of Westoe
Chapel, South Shields.
Rev. E. V. Chappel, 8.A., Trinity College, Cambridge, to
the Curacy of Rothwell, near Wakefield.
Rev. T. Coldwell, to the Rectory of Greens Norton, North-
ampton.
Rev. T. M. Dickson, 8.A., to be Head Master of the
Grammar School, Berwick-on-Tweed.
Rev. J. Ford, M.A., to the Rectory of Somerton, near
Clare, Suffolk.
Rev. G. T. Hoare, M.A., to the Perpetual Curacy of
Tandridge' Surrey.
Rev. G. Lermet, 8.A., to be Head Master of the Grammar
School at Dedham, near Colchester.
Rev. T. B. Lloyd, M.A., to the Incumbency of St Mary's,
with St. Michaels annexed, shrewsbury.
Rev. E. G. Moon, M.A. of Magdalen College Oxford, to
be Chaplain to the Lord Mayor Elect (Alderman 'Sidney), for
the year of his mayoralty.
Mr. P. Newman, 8.A., of Exeter College. Oxford, to the
Second Mastership of King Edward the Sixth's Grammar
School, Ludlow.
Rev. J. L. Prior, M.A., to the Rectory of Lynby, and to
the Perpetual Curacy of Papplewick, Notts.
Rev. W. Tatlock, to the Incumbency of the new church
erected at Bark Island, Halifax.
Rev. W. Temple, 8.A., Jesus College, Cambridge, to the
Rectory of Nymet Rowland, Devon (void by reason of simony).
Rev. F. C. Tremlow, M.A.:, to the Rectory of Forton,
Staffordshire.
Rev. E. Twells, 8.A., St. Peter's College, Cambridge, to
the Assistant Curacy of the Parish Chdrch, Wakefield.
Rev. H. Walker, to the Curacy of Buxhall, Suffolk.
Rev. J. C. Wharton, to the Vicarage of Bierton, near
Aylesbury.
The following presentations have become vacant by the
death of the incumbents:—

The Rectory of Finmere, near Bicester. Value, 4350
a-year. Patron, Mr. J. Walker.
The Vicarage of Melbourne St. Andrew, Dorset. Value,
4250 a-year. Patron, General J. Michel.
The Rectory of Bondleigh, or Bundley, near Crediton.
Value, 4100 a-year. Patron, the Earl'of Egremont.
The Rectory of St. Peter's, Nottingham. Value, £450
a-year. Patron, the Lord Chancellor.

The Incumbency of Ridware-Pipe, near Rugeley. Patron,
the Chancellor of Lichfield Cathedral. The Head Mastership
of Rugeley Grammar School.
The Rectory of Lamplugh, near Whitehaven. Value, £3OO
a-year. Patron, Mr. J. L. Raper.
The Rectory of Waybill, Hants. Value, £5OO. Patrons,
Queen's College, Oxford.

DIOCESE OF CHESTER.
PREPERMENTs.—The Rev. Richard Moss, to the Stipen-
diary Curacy of Christ Church, Macclesfield, in the county
of Lancaster ; the Rev. David Thomas Barry has been
licensed to the Perpetual Curacy of St. Barnabas Church,
Liverpool, void by the cession of the Rev. George Dover.
Patrons, the Trustees.
COBSBCRATIONS.—The new church at Grange, in the
parish of Cartmel, in the county of Lancaster, is to be
consecrated by the Bishop of Chester, on Thursday, the
13th instant ; and the church of Preston Patrick, in the
parish of Burton-in-Kendal, Westmoreland, which has
been entirely rebuilt, together with the additional burial
ground, on Friday, the 14th.
ORDINATION.—The Lord Bishop of Chester intends to
hold his next Ordination at Chester, on the second Sunday
In Lent.
THE Rxv. Dn. AsrniALL, minister of St. Matthias'
Church, has been appointed by the Bishop of Moray and
Ross to the incumbency of the Episcopal Church at
Duffus, Murrayshire.
DIOCESR or MANCHESTER.—Preferments: On Tues-
day, at the Diocesan Registry, the Bishop of Manchester
licensed the Rev. Joah Bates, Wakefield (formerly curate
of the Parish Church of Prestwich), to the perpetual curacy
of South Shore, near Blackpool, vacant by the resignation
of the Rev. Thomas Bowden Banner, the last incumbent;
on the nomination of Mr. John Talbot Clifton, of Lytham
Hall, the patron. His lordship, at the same time, licensed
the Rev. Wray Richard Hunt, 8.A., to the stipendiary
curacy of St. Paul's Church, Preston; on the nomination
of the Rev. Samuel Flood Page, the incumbent. Vacancy:
The perpetual curacy of St. James's, Accrington, has be-
come vacant by the death of the Rev. John Hopwood, who
held the living for the long period of 36 years, having
been appointed to it in the year 1817. The living is in
the gift of Huhne's Trustees.
THB MANCHESTER DIOCESAN CHURCH BI7ILDING
SOCIBTY.—The quarterly meeting of the above society
was held on 'Thursday last, at the Town-hall, the Lord
Bishop of the diocese in the chair. The following mem-
bers of the committee were present :—The Ven. Arch-
deacon of Manchester, the Rev. Canons Master, Parr,
Raines, Hull, and Turner ; the Revs. R. Durnford, St.
Vincent Beechey, J. Clarke, T. Corser, E. J. Hornby, and
T. Mackreth ; J. Wilson Patten, Esq., M.P.; R. Towneley
Parker, Esq., M.P. ; C. Carill Worsley, Esq., E. H. Royds,
Esq., Thomas Clegg, Esq., T. F. Dearden, Esq., W. C.
Jones, Esq., Joseph Lamb, Esq., J. T. Hibbert, Esq., J.
Burder, Esq., treasurer, and the Rev. J. P. Pitcairn, and
James Street, hon. secs. The committee resolved that all
applications for aid in the erection of parsonages be for
the present deferred. The grants made in aid of the erec-
tion and enlargement of churches are as follow :—St.
John's, Longsight, £lOO for enlargement; St. Matthew's,
Chadderton, £2OO for building; St. Paul's, Burnley, £l5O
for building ; Flixton Church, £25 for enlargement ; Wer-
neth Church (Oldham), £35 for building. The total
amount of grants made by the society in aid of the erec-
tion and enlargement of churches, and the erection of par-
sonage houses, since its formation, is £3,487. ' It was re-
solved that the signature of an architect be required in
all certificates of completion of work (unless specially dis-
pensed with by the committee) in addition to the' signa-
tures of the incumbent and churchwardens.—Manchester
Guardian.

TRH CLERGY AND TUB INCOME TAX.—An impor-
tant question has arisen with regard to the liability of
curates who are paid by the Church Pastoral Aid and
other similar societies to the income tax, the contribu-
tions thus raised being of a purely voluntary: nature. The
Archdeacon of Chester has kindly undertaken, on behalf
of the clergy generally, to have the question legally
settled. The venerable archdeacon, in a preliminary state-
ment upon the matter, says that the Church Pastoral Aid
Society makes grants, not to the curates, but to the in-
cumbents of parishes ; that the curates employed are
nominated by the bishop of the diocese, without reference
to the sources from whence the stipend is derived ; and
that the bishop's license secured a certain stipend as a
remuneration for their services, which sum the incum-
bent is bound to pay, even should the grant be withdrawn,
so long as the bishop licenses the curate. In this respect
there was no difference between the cases of the curates
whose salaries were derived from the Church Pastoral Aid
Society or the Curates Aid Society, and those whose sti-
' pends were paid by the richer rectors themselves. It is
true, the archdeacon remarks, that a gift is not charge-
able with income tax, but that the grants of the before-
named valuable societies are of an eleemosynary character
only to the incumbents, or rather to the parishes. He
might also remark, that if the aggregate incomes arising
from legal incomes and gifts equalled or exceeded the
minimum chargeable with income tax, the proportion
which was legal was assessable to the tax. The archdea-
con states that he has submitted these considerations to
the commissioners of taxes, who thought his law was
good but that the case was worth trying. As the arch-
deacon's curate at Middlewich is paid by the Church
Pastoral Aid Society, the venerable gentleman has ar-
ranged that an appeal by his curate shall be made, so that
the opinion of the Board of Taxes may be taken, and the
question definitely settled. The arguments will turn
upon the question, whether a curate is the object of the
society's bounty, he being required to give a receipt to
the society for the money received, though transmitted
in the name of the incumbent.

Tian Am COLLIERS had their wages advanced to 6s.
per day on Thursday Inst. This is the fifth rise in their
wage)/ gate November, the wages then being half-a-crown.