The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-03-10 00:00:00

GENERAL MISCELLANY.

The town of Keswick is now lighted with gas.
Last week, Mr. W. Finch, solicitor, Worcester, fell
' it was £558,415.
into the canal, in a state of intoxication, and was drowned.
Barcxs.—The amount of duty paid in England upon
bricckhasrilneslBD4o4nwkainsg E„:1
£43.,7,34.s
rlecnenlBtity sent £l,OOO to thes
Secretary of the London Philanthropic Society.
A registration has been effected by a firm hi London,
of " an instrument for holding up ladies' dresses."
A box containing watches worth £2OO was stolen from
he Eastern Counties Railway last week.
THE READING MURDER.-At the Reading assizes on
Wednesday, William Spicer was tried for the murder of
his wife in August last, found guilty and sentenced to death.
Three men were suffocated at some chymical works,
East Greenwich, on Saturday week, by the fumes of a
ebymical preparation.
NOVEL PosTAnx.—On Shrove-Tuesday, a tradesman
of Monmouth sent presents of six pancakes to some
nephews and neices, through the post-office.

The late Mr. Gaily Knight has becineathed his Firbeck
property, consisting of the house and upwards of 1,200
acres of land, afier the death of his wife, to the Ecclesias-
tical Commissioners, to be applied by them to charitable
uses.

The managers of a London Amphitheatrehave so offended
against decency, as to prepare a piece for the stage en-
titled " The' battle of Moodkee, and death of the hero Sir
Robert Sale."
The other day, a farmer's lad, at Wigmore, lay down
among some straw. A man who required some of it,
threw a pike to another, which entered the poor boy's
eye and killed him on the spot.
Within the last two years and a half, there have been
upwards of eleven thousand persons sent from the Peni-
tentiary Prison,. Millbank, to endure their several sen-
tenaes of transportation.
At a meeting of the Birmingham Plate and Crown
Glass Company, on Wednesday, it was resolved to in-
crease the capital, for the purpose of carrying them an
more effectually.
At a numerous meeting held lately at York, a petition
to parliament for the prevention of the sale of intoxicat-
ing liquors on Sunday, and a memorial to the Queen,
were unanimously adopted.
EXTENSIVE FalLuas.—There was a report in London,
on Thursday, that Mr. Spottiswoode, the Queen's printer,
who has been largely concerned in railway speculations,
had failed, and that his liabilities exceed £600,000.
WAIL WITH AMERICA.—English underwriters have al-
ready introduced a clause into their policies, stating that
they do not ensure against capture, or destruction by an
enemy.
On Wednesday night the corn-mill of Messrs. Fer-
nandes, at Wakefield, was destroyed by fire, along with a
large quantity of wheat, flour, &c. The loss is estimated
at £3,000, all insured.
On Friday, at a general meeting of the proprietors of
the E. I. C., thanks were unanimously passed, with strong
expressions of approbation to the officers and mea in the
Indian army for the brilliant victories achieved on the
bank'of the Sutle.i.
On Saturday week a lady was safely delivered of a
child in a railway carriage on the Worthing and Brighton
Railway. On the arrival at the terminus the lady was
wrapped in blankets and conveyed to her residence, and
is going on favourably ; but the infant has since died.
BANKRUPTCY.—The number of bankrupts during the
last year amounted to 1,025, comprising nearly all trades
and professions. The highest number was that of victu-
allers, which was 63, and the lowest, attorneys, there be-
ing one only. The only business excepted fro:n the bank-
rupt's list was that of undertakers.
EXTRAORPINAILY.—On Monday a hive of bees belong-
ing to Mr. John Hall, maltster, Over-Monnow, in Here-
ford, swarmed and were safely hived. This singular cir-
cumstance occurred about two o'clock in the day, and is
a further proof of the extraordinary mildness of the sea-
son.

Her Majesty's Theatre opened on Wednesday. The
performance was Verdi's " Nabueodonosor." The house
looked very gorgeous in its new dress. The debutantes,
Mesdemoiselles Sanchioli and Corbari were well received.
Mr. Lumley, and the new conductor, Mr. Balfe, came in
for a share of the applause, and everything passed off as
a first night should do.
On Monday last, Mr. Jobn Shaw, an American mer-
chant, residing in London, committed suicide by cutting
his throat. The deceased, who was married only two
months ago, had been for some time in a low way, which
was attributed to his fears of losing considerable pro-
perty in Hudson's Bay and other parts of North Ame-
rica' in the event of war with that courvry.
DEATII FROM EXTRACTING A TOOTR.—A few days
ago, Mr. Bowling, of John-street, Tottenham-court-road,
died in consequence of the extraction of a tooth. It ap-
pears that he fastened some silk round a tooth, it being
decayed, and a friend of his extracted it by pulling it
violently. The consequence was, that a small blood-
vessel was ruptured, which no surgical aid could stop.
The deceased was only twenty-six years of age.
IMPORTANT FACT.—It was stated by Dr. Guy, before
a parliamentary committee, that heal, not moisture, is the
chief cause of sickness: that in London in 1842, the maxi-
mum disease was in August (the warmest month), the
minimum in January. In accordance with this fact, the
Zoological Society of London have lately exposed their car-
niverous animals to the open air in the place of continuing
them in artificially heated dens, the result being an im-
proved stale of health and fewer deaths.
The Grand Jury at the Manchester Borough Sessions,
on Tuesday week, made a presentment to the effect that
" very gnat facilities and inducements are offered for the
committiag cf felonies, from the indiscriminate practice
of pawnbrokers lending money on new property, by way
of pledge, without exercising a vigilant inquiry as to the
mode by wMeh the-pledging parties received possession of
u h property, in many cases obviously dishonestly ob-
tained."

SIR JOHN Ross.—ln consequence of the unfortunate
bankruptcy of Sir John Ross, so well known as the ex-
plorer of the Arctic Regions, his appointment as Consul-
General at Stockholm has been rescinded. The salary
attached to the office was £550 per annum. His bank-
ruptcy is attributed to his connexion with the London
and Dublin Trades' Bank, of which he was Deputy-
Chairman, and being called upon to pay his quota of loss
to the shareholders.

FATAL AFFRAY.—On Friday week, two poor labour-
ers, named Boucher and Oldtieid, employed at Enville,
near Kidderminster, quarrelled while at dinner together,
and a scuffle ensued, which ended in the death of Oldfield,
who was stabbed by the other. Both bad the knives with
which they were eating their dinners in their hands. The
wounded man died almost immediately. Boucher gave
himself up to the police. The coroner's jury returned a
a verdict of "manslaughter" against him, and he was
committed for trial.

SIR ROBERT SALE AT EALING.—The hero of Jenala-
bed was, in his boyish days, a pupil at the celebrated gram-
mar-school at Ealing. under Dr. Nicholas. On a pane of
glass in one of the windows he had scratched his name,
which has often been an object of interest with the alumni
of the establishment. A curious coincidence connects this
memorial and the man—the former continued in safety
amid school perils until a few weeks since, when, about
the period of Sir Robert Sale's death, the pane was un-
fortunately broken, and thus memorial and man may be
said to have perished together.
A young leopardess escaped the other day from the
Clifton Zoological Gardens, and created a good deal of
alarm before it was secured. The most marvellous thing
that occurred during the time it was at large, was to a
poor lame beggar man —" A poor sailor, your honour "
who came•limping up with that characteristic shuffling
step which seems to belong peculiarly to the craft. He
was warned of the approach of the leopardess. when his
lameness was instantaneously cured, the shuffling step
disappeared, and he bolted at a pace that would not have
discredited a first-rate pedestrian.
CAUTION TO NURSES.—On Sunday, during divine ser-
vice, the nurse at the rectory of St. Olaves, London,
placed the rector's youngest daughter, aged 21 months,
on the sill of an attic casement window, and was in the
act of playing with her there, when the fastening gave
way, and in an instant she was precipitated on to the
paved yard below, a depth of 45 feet. On being taken un
the little girl was found perfectly sensible, and it is hoped
that she has sustained no internal injury, but that through
the providential mercy of God she will escape with the
minor evil of severe contusions and a broken thigh.
LAUNCH OF AN IRON STEAM-SHIP.—On Saturday last,
Messrs. Ditchburn and Mare launched from their build-
ing-yard, at Blackwell, a fine iron steam-ship of 800 tons,
for the Peninsular Oriental Steam Navigation Company.
She is to be fitted with engines by Penn and Co., of 360-
horse power, and is guaranteed under a heavy penalty, by
the builders to the company, to be the fastest sea-going
steam-vessel afloat. She is intended, it is said, to be pla-
ced on the line between Alexandria and Marseilles, for ac-
celerating the Indian mails, and it is expected will do the
whole distance in five days, which will bring Egypt and
London within eight days post of each other.
DRUNKENNESS AND CRIME.—At the Newcastle as-
sizes, before Mr. Justice Coleridge, on Saturday last, a
prisoner who had pleaded guilty to a charge of burglary,
urged in his justification that he had been in the army 19
years, and that the burglary was committed while he was
under the influence of liquor. The judge remarked that
that was an aggravation rather than a justification of
the crime; and added that three-fourths of the crime
committed in this country was committed under the in
fluence of liquor. He verily believed that no'hing would
tend more to make the people of this country moral, and
to make the COUIIB ofjustice empty sinecures, than to ab-
stain from excessive drinking.

GRATIFYING ACNNOWLEDGMTNT.-&r n. H. Inglis,
in the coarse of the debate, en Monday, on the rote of I
thanks of the House of Commons to the Indian army,
said that in the announcement uhich Sir H. Hardinge
made to the president and council of the victory he and
his brave army had achieved, Sir Henry begged of Eng-
land and India to remember to what that triumph was
owing ; that it had been gained, not by his arm, nor by
the respect in which that arm was borne; but by that
" other arm " and that other " right band," mad " the
light of that countenance," to which all success and all
adversity was alike attributable. He (Sir R. Inglis) took
advantage of these phrases of Sir Henry's to recognise Him
who is the giver of all victory.
RIOT AND MURDER —On Sunday week the labourers
on the Hawick branch of the North -British Railway, as-
sembled to the number of about 1,200, armed with blud-
geons, &c., and demanded from the custody of the police
two " navies" who had been taken into custody. They
broke open the cells, and liberated the then, and were re-
turning in triumph along the road, when they met the
district constable, named Pace, whom they savagely at-
tacked, and one of them laid his skull open with a pick-
axe. Ile died from the injuries the same afternoon.
Thirteen of the rioters were apprehended. On Tuesday
they again assembled in large numbers, and set fire to
row after row of the temporary huts of the Irish labourers.
the wretched inmates being compelled to fly. Several
parties received serious injuries. The origin of the out-
break is said to have been, that the Scotch labourers on
the line were determined to drive the Irish altogether
from it.

A MELANCHOLY TALE.—About the beginning of De-
cember last, Mrs. John Brown, wife of the farmer at
Murray's-hall, near Stirling, was seized with malignant
fever, and died about the middle of the month ; the female
servant next took ill, and has lingered on till now, but
there are some hopes of ber recovery ; the eldest boy, aged
12 years, was next seized, and died on the Bth February ;
by this time the father had been prostrated by the same
fell disease ; and during his illness a second boy, the only
other member of the family, aged nine years, was also
seized and died on the 12th February. Before thi,s last
sad event the father was understood to be gradually reco-
vering, but since that he sunk every day, and died on
Wednesday ; and in addition, a sister of the servant, who
bad come to assist during her illness' has also been seized,
and died on Saturday last; and thus within about two
months or little more, a thriving farmers family has been
rooted out of the land of the living, and not a wreck left
b ..hind.—Stirling Observer.

A BRAVE FAMILY.

In the House of Commons, on Monday night, Sir R.
Peel, in moving a vote of thanks to the Indian army, for
their gallant conduct during the recent disastrous con-
flicts, gave the following touching narrative of the self-
denial and bravery evinced by Sir Henry Hardinge and
his sons.
" I believe," said the right hon. baronet, "The night
of. the 21st of December was one of the most memorable
nights in the military history of this country. The right
ot. the British army was led by the commander-in chief,
Sir H.
Gough ; the left, by the Governor-General, as se-
cond in command. They made a brilliant attack, but
they had not time to cornple:e their victory, which, how-
ever, diss!pitated the Lahore army. The details are given
with admirable clearness in the despatches; but there are
private letters which speak with less of formality, and give
a more vivid account of the scene. I will read an extract
ed . most
A e x
ht ruaroaridaig n aeray m opf
from a private letter written by the Governor-General to
a member of his family :
co-
vering, ahterdnoiguhr nights
t of the 2
are Ist was
bitter
amy life. I bivouacked with the men, without food or
in our front, our brave fellows lying down under a heavy
cannonade which continued during the whole night. mixed
with the wild cries of the Sikhs, our English hurrah, the
tramp of men, and the groans of the dying. In this state,
with a handful of men, who had carried the batteries the
night before, I remained till morning, taking very short
intervals of rest by lying down with various regiments in
succession, to ascertain their temper, and revive their
spirits.' [filet is to say, Sir H. tsardinge spent the night
in going from regiment
to regiment, lying down with
them, animating their spirits, thus insuring, as far as hu-
man effort could insure it, the conquest of the soming
day.] ' I fonnd myself again with my old friends of the
29ch, 31st, 50th, and 9th, and all in good heart. Sly
answer to all and every man was, that we must fight it
out, attack the enemy vigorously at day-break, beat him,
or die honourably in the field. The gallant old general,
kind-hearted and heroically brave, entirely coincided with
me. During the night I occasionally called upon our
brave English soldiers to punish the Sikhs when they
came too close and were impudent; and when morning
broke we went at it in true English style. Gough was on
the right. I placed myself, and dear little Arthur by my
side, in the centre, about 30 yards in front of the men, to
Prevent their firing, and we drove the enemy without a
halt from one extremity of their camp to the other, cap-
turing 30 or 40 guns as we went along, which fired at 20
paces from us, and were served obstinately. The brave
men drew up in an excellent line, and cheered Gough and
myself as we rode up the line. the regimental colours
lowering to me as on parade. The mournful part is the
heavy loss I have sustained in my officers. I have had I()
aides-de-camp hors du combat, five killed and five wound-
ed. The fire of grape was very heavy from NO pieces of
cannon. The Sikh army drilled by French officers, and
the men the most warlike in India.'
" I say, sir, that with my affectionate regard for that
gallant man, I feel proud to exhibit him during such a
night as that of the 21st of December ; to exhibit him
passing from regiment to regiment, lying down on tee
ground with the men, keeping up their spirits, and ani-
mating their ardour; and having had twelve aides-de-
camp, when ten out of them were disabled, placing his
young son, a boy of about eighteen years of, in front of
the British regiments, in order that they might not be in.
duced to fire, but that they might drive the enemy from
their cannon by the force of the British bayonet alone.
(Cheers.) There is, sir, a characteristic trait of my gal-
lant friend in this very letter. He says he had two sons
with him, one of them having entered the army, had been
present throughout the whole of the action at Mood kee,
and the early part of the'2lst ; the other was a civilian.
On the night of the 21st he sent the civilian to the rear,
saving that his presence in the field disturbed him. When
the son refOsed to go, he said he would send him out of
the field in custody, if necessary, as his presence disturbed
his mind, while he says the presence of the son who was
in the service, and who had a military reputation to form,
only made him the more determined and resolute in the
discharge of his duty. (Loud cheers.) He says also,
that on the 22d, when the danger was over, in visiting the
hospitals he took one of his sons with him, who has had
the misfortune to lose a foot, and telling the wounded
men that they saw a Governor-General who had lost a
hand, with a son who had lost a foot, consoled them under
their wounds, by showing them that men of the highe t
rank are subject to the same calamities. Ile says. I
visit the hospital and comfort the maimed by shhwing
them a Governor-General without a hand, and his son
without a foot. and these practical illustratiens are conso-
latory to our poor fellows.' I think, therefcre, that this
house will agree with me that the Commander-in-Chief
and the second in command, that the generals of the
army, and the army they led, have performed an exploit
worthy of the British name. And I think I may assume
that the gratitude of this house will be expressed to them
for that exploit." (Cheers.)

FREE TRADE.

TO.THE EDITOR OF THE MORNING HERALD.

--------
fiat,—This fascinating term has become the cant
watchword of the liberal free traders of the present day ;
they apparently use it without having well considered its
meaning or practical application, and regardless of conse-
quences adopt it as an authority for advocating the admis-
sion of foreign corn into this country duty free ; whereas
the true and ever-understood meaning of it is, a recipro-
cal exchange of the commodities of two independent coun-
tries, each admitting the productions of the other free of
duty.

The system now pressed upon us by the free traders is
of a very different stamp and character, divested of every
principle that has hitherto constituted free trade among
nail ins. Fur in place of the reciprocal exchange of the
productions of each, free of duty, on either side, they pro-
pose to admit the free importation of foreign corn here,
whilst these countries refuse to admit the importation of
our productions into theirs, in a similar manner ; but,
on the contrary, exclude them by the imposition of pro-
hibitive duties, thus violating the sound principle of reci-
procity, which is the sure and only basis on which free
trade can be practically conducted beneficially to both
the parties. The proper name is barter, or mutual ex-
change, but here that principle is abandoned, and in place
of an exchange of productions the fruits of the mutual la-
bour of the people of each country, we are to receive their
corn duty free, whenever they may be disposed and find it
for their interest to supply us with it, refusing to accept
our goods, the fruits of our industry, in return, and
obliging us to pay for their corn with gold, when we hap-
pen to have it, or go without their corn, and seek else-
where fur a market for our goods if we can find it.
I hope some liberal free traders will take the trouble to
inform the British public what they mean by free trade,
with which they profess to be so deeply enamoured ; and
to let our manufacturers know, when they have purchased
the corn of the foreigner, who will only consent to receive
their goods subject to heavy duties acting with prohibi-
tory effe.t, by what means they propose to enable them
to provide funds to pay for the foreigners' corn? I ask
what avails it to the poor man to be tcld that he may buy
the foreign loaf at a low price (which, after all, is a ques-
tion that remains to be proved) when he is without money
to pay for it—the foreigner having shown that he prefers
to lc, ep it rather than adopt the princip!e of free trade,
and exchange it for the manufacturers' goods, the fruits
of his labour and skill ?

Hitherto our people, of all classes, generally fully em-
ployed, as at present, well paid for their labour. appa-
rently contented and happy, were they permitted by the
factious free traders to remain so, have been fed from
bread made from home-grown corn, the fruits of British
labour, and the manufacturers have paid the agricultural
labourer in the practical spirit of free trade, with their
goods in barter, through the medium of our current mo-
ney ; but if this new system is adopted and acted upon
he will be told that unless he has money ready to pay for
it, he can have no foreign corn to convert into bread, and
may starve, if dependent upon it, and cannot otheruiee
procure it. _ _

I will, in House of Commons language, suppose that
our manufacturer, in the spirit and practice of free trade,
says to the foreign corn-growers, " Well, my good fel-
lows, we will buy and consume your corn, as we don't
care much about home-growers or their landlords, (al-
though they are constant consumers.) if you will consent
to take cur goods in return for payment ?" But they
answer, "100, we cannot agree to such a measure of reci-
procity, because we, like you, have now an overgrown po-
pulation, a considerable portion of them have become also
manufacturers ; they can supply us with all the goods we
want; they receive and consume our corn in payment; it
is our duty to encourage and protect them, and you, no
doubt, know that charity begins at home."
I-say may God preseive us from the delusions and
blessings of such practical free trade, and I pray we max
be so from our liberal friends, whilst we endeavour to
keep out of the fangs of their foreign ones.
AN OLD TRADER.

London, Feb. 23, 1E46:
[The writer of the above letter is, we are credibly in-
formed, a gentleman who was long and extensively en-
gaged in business in this town. His opinion is entitled to
the greatest weight, and were we at liberty to give the
writer's name, it would be a guarantee, independently of
the irresistible force of the preceding statements, that his
opinions deserve from commercial men the very greatest
attention. We are glad to have the fallacy of free trade
exposed by such an experienced hand. The free traders
are here placed on the horns of a dilemma, from which
they will find it impossible, by sound argument, to
escape.]

CAPTURE OF A GANG OF SWINDLERS.-011 Wednes-
day last, a person named William Henry Chapman, before
well known for malpractices, was brought before Mr.liush-
ton, charged with making a forged bill of exchange. The
prisoner, it appeared, in connexion with Wm. Bell, then
in Lancaster Castle for debt, wrote, in. May last, to Mr.
Alston, cansule manufacturer, of Birmingham, for ten
gross of capsules. The order was sent, and a bill of ex-
,d andll° endorsedn o u
rdishonoured,
upon
n Bell,w h ieh payableso m ei no three h
tr
tel
ee
capsules months,
ex-
change purporting to be drawn on Messrs. Norcliffe and
Co and accepted by Ellis Williams, amounting to
returned, with a letter stating that if the bill were
teas trarsniitted to Mr. Alston. The acceptance order was
wrreee2ttruu9:rronleeSdds•by Mr. Alston, £lO would be sent to him. Mr.
A. came to Liverpool, and saw the prisoner, who said there
was no such firm as Norcliffe and Co., and that he had
adopted his mother's maiden name. He was taken to the
Guardian Society's office, and repeating his statement was
taken into custody. Bell was brought from Lancaster.
and also brought before Mr. Rushton. Letters were
read sheaving' the connexion between the parties,
and implicating them in the transaction. The Guardian
Society, it was stated, had other letters, sbewing other si-
milar fraudulent transactions. The prisoners were re-
manded for a week. This exposure is another instance of
ciety.
the vigilance of Mr. Reap, secretary to the Guardian So-

i'Ve are a,

TO CORRESPO,NDENTS.

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DEAR
YOU %Ili

lately incurred for canals which England's adoption of
free trade makes comparatively useless, thus leaving
Canada the prospect of direct taxation, to reduce still
more her diminished resources.

Let England, also, not only repeal Mr. Gladstoiie's act,
(which imposes the imperial duties,) but get Canada free
trade with the United States.

If these things are not done, the only way to preserve
Canada from immediately attaching itse.f to the Ame-
rican Union, is for the Parliament cf Canada (instead of
taking off the three shillings) to place on our frontier the
same duty of two dollars per quarter, which the Americans
charge on Canadian wheat entering the United States;
and farther, a duty of twenty per cent. on every other
article entering Canada, whether from Britain or the
United States, the imperial duty being deducted from
said twenty per cent. in the case of foreign goods; for as
England gives the colony no advantage, she, of course,
expects none from Canada.
As it is the policy of a family, so it is the policy of an
independent province 'for free trade with all the world
entirely detaches our interest from the mother country)
to buy or import as little as possible for which its own
labour cannot be paid, or otherwise for which cash is
demanded; and there is no doubt on my mind that it will

new become an object both in Canada and in Ireland to
check foreign imports (including British) for which they
can never pay after they cease :o get English gold for their
produce, or through emigration.
In the now enlarged state of the province'
however. and looking to the advantages

's banking,

wheat by England, we might have acceded to her desire
that the three shillings' duty be removed, if her adoption
of free trade had not imposed on us the duty of retaining

any controul of our own colonial affiirs, which we con:
stitutionally can exercise in securing justice to the colo-
nists, in reference to the province'. debt, &c. &C.
Parties connected with the Montreal interest have again
and again remarked to me that Canada Westrat all ev:nts,
can compete in the English market with Ohio wheat ; my
answer has been, that they very much under-rate the in-
telligence of the farmer of Canada West in supposing that
he does not see that hereafter the New York market will

give a higher price than the English one, and that the
Americans will only use the- English market for the
sweepings of the New York market ; so that even if they
make an apparent loss on what they ship to England,
the American farmer may have a profitable AVERAGE
when the Canadian farmer will have al/ his wheat sold at
the miserable price in England.

In England, we are told; too, that the consumption of
the troops, for our flour, is great, whereas we know that
the Commissaries (in the Westward, at all events,) bring
in their supplies from the United States (and decline to
pay the three shillings' duty). They prefer American at
the same price, because they say this is the only means of
getting the Canadian farmer to give it for a lower price
And sincerely hoping that peace and prosperit

.may be

continued to the province by' the firm and wise decisions
of the provincial parliament now assembling,
I am, dear Sir, your obdt. humble servant,
ISAAC BUCHANAN.

Glasgow, 3rd March, 1846

DANIEL MACNAB, ESQ., VICE-PRESIDENT HAMILTON

DEAR SIR,

BOARD OF TRADE
* * *

—The introduction of free trade into England, which I
predict will prove " a heavy blow and great discourage-
ment" to all the existing interests of this country, but es-
pecially the manufacturing and mechanical trades, now
demands imperatively the ACTIVITY of the Hamilton
Board of Trade.

On THE PROSPERITY OF THE PRODUCTIVE CLASSES
OF CANADA, whether agricultural, manufacturing, or me-
chanical, (all really hingeing on the farmer,) depends en-
tirely our continued connection with England.
It England were to step forward, and do some GREAT
MEASURE for Canada, such as paying our debt, and rais-
ing up a great TRADE OF EXPORTS from Canada to the
States, it would be for you to consider the English ship-

ping interest

But if England does not immediately move in some al-
leviation of your circumstances, let the inhabitants of Ca-
nada repudiate England's interference in your trade regu-
lations, and hail the United States' bill allowing flour, &c.,
to pass through in bond to the Atlantic.

Believe me to continue, dear sir, yours faithfully,
ISAAC BUCIIAD:AN

P.S.—I communicate a copy of this, and all my other
letters, to the Government in London, for NOW IS THE
TIME ; and we have especially to meet with stern con-
tempt Mr. Ilume's motion "with the view of making the
colonies of some use hereafter to England, as they had
been none in the past!" This iz meant ju-t to try to
frighten us from resistance to Sir Robert Peel's suicidal
•
measure. I. B.

It must strike_our readers as tolerably plain, from
the expression of such sentiments by a gentleman
holding the distinguished station and possessing the
influence which Mr. Buchanan exercises in the
country of his adoption, that, so far as Canada is
concerned, the loss to Great Britain of the usefulness
in the first instance, and ultimately of the allegiance,
of those noble possessions must be the inevitable
result of the carrying out in full of the Free-trade
policy, upon which we have fatally embarked. Vast
enough are the evils which must attend the cession
of that colony. We thus extirpate the last remnant
of well-regulated monarchical institutions in the
American continent ; and virtually proclaim to the
miserable in every state of Europe that such in-
stitutions are fit only for them—are fit only for
countries whose industry is steeped in wretchedness.
But we resign more than this, great as is the sacri-
fice. We proclaim as worthless and untenable the
tie which binds together this country and her whole
colonial empire, We throw from us the only mar-
kets in exchange for whose valuable products we can
rely upon furnishing returns, of which British labour
is the greatest component part. In Canada we give
away boundless tracts of virgin soil in the healthiest
climate in the world; and in our tropical possessions
we resign, wickedly and wantonly, opportunities and
instruments which an Almighty Creator appears to
have bestowed upon us for the purpose of working
out the great problem of the cultivation of the soil of
such climes and the gathering in of their riches, un-
soiled by human blood, and uncursed with the taint
of slavery. _ _ _

In resigning, moreover, to their fate our posses-
sions in temperate climes—in Canada, in Australia,
and other lands for whose cultivation the constitu-
tion of British subjects is fitted—we give up the
only patrimony of the poor of our own count ry ; we
break many a hope which looks forward from penury
and suffering, as the reward of their unremitting
toil at home, to comfort and competence in those far
off lands, whither friends and relatives have gone
before them and are thriving beneath the fostering
care and protection of British laws. To the inmates
of many a sad and desolate cottage in these realms,
who are, at this moment, pining and struggling to
realise that hope, and to transport their labour into
these fertile possessions, the news of this direful
change in our policy, will be a blow which must
prostrate all their bright anticipations, and fall upon
their stricken hearts with a weight which can only
be withdrawn when the kind hand of death releases
the immortal portion of their being from the dross
which binds it to earth.