The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-01-19 00:00:00

_'rom ss. to ss. 6d. better than
at the last quarter-day. The present prices of coal are
not likely to suffer any diminution at present, such being

3igs are

felt in supplying the fluttiees

The general trade of the

district ie him and satisfactory.
EXTRACTION
h INHALATIONe° ry 1 ias TEETHj u OeRfFI nNEGsTui aTHE
c:c EFCTS
uTI hyP eE
PRO-
DUCEDiv applied, a
d
practice by Mr. Lewellin, dentist, Glasgow. The subject
of the experiment was a young gentleman of about 23
years of age. The inhalation was continued for a dura-
tion of two minutes, although in ordinary cases a much
shorter time might suffice, as owing to a slight misconcep-
tion on the part of the patient, the inhalation was con-
verted into a swallowing process. Of course the casualty
had nu objectionable effect beyond that of increasing the
time necessary to produce the state required. During the
inhalation, the pulse of the patient rose from 64 to 80,
and his face became slightly flushed, yet not the least ap-
pearance of a paroxysm of coughing ensued, as was ob-
served in the American experiments. His sensibility as
to surrounding objects, as well as to the nature of the
operation, was, however, undiminished, yet, notwith-
standing the seeming inconsistency, the removal of the
tooth (a molar in the upper jaw) was effected without
causing the slightest pain or inconvenience of any kind.
THE HYDROPATHIC SYSTEM.—On Friday an inquest
was held, at Enfield, near London, on the body of Martha
Hobbs, aged 20, whose death was alleged to have taken
place through hydropathic treatment. Eliza Ronsell,
servant to Mr. Swanwick, Chase Sida, Enfield, said the
deceased was in the same service up to Tuesday week.
She had not been in good health since last September.
She was able to go about her work till last Monday fort-
night, when she complained that she had a cold. On
Monday she was in a state of delirium. On the following
day she was worse. The next day she was removed to
her aunt's, a Mrs. Betts, and erysipelas made its appear-
ance on her face and the side of her head. She took hy.
dropathic remedies, such as putting on a night cap which
was wet with tepid water, and kept so day and night.
Dr. Lovell, attended deceased. The evidence of a sur-
geon who made a post nzortem examination, went to
prove that the immediate cause of death was inflamation
of the pericardium. The treatment which deceased re-
ceived was most injudicious. The Coroner summed up
the evidence, when the jury, after about two hours' con-
sultation, returned a verdict of manslaughter against Dr
Lovell as principal, and Mrs. Bell as accessory. The
inquiry lasted seven hours.—John Bull.

AWFUL DISTRESS IN DENTON.—The distress -in the
hatting business in Denton, near Ashton-under-Lyne, is
such, that the population of this once prosperous village
were never in so distressed a state as at present ; indeed,
there are many famijies who are literally starving to death,
and whose haggard and puny appearance cannot but strike
every beholder.

STRIKE AMONG THE MINERS IN SOUTH STAFFORD-
SHIRE.—SeveraI meetings have of late been held by large
numbers of the colliers in South Staffordshire, the object
of which was to concert measures for a general strike, in
the event of the masters refusing to accede to then:de-
mands of continuing the present rates of wages for two
hours less work a day. The masters have had several
meetings also on the subject, and seem determined to re-
sist the demand. Should the price of coal be further ad-
vanced—and this would be the inevitable result of a strike
—the sufferings of the poor in the midland counties, in
the present inclement and very severe season, will be
dreadful.

Worth-Park House, the .seat of Joseph Montefiore,
Esq., the eminent merchant, was completely destroyed by
fire at an early hour on Tuesday morning, The mansion
contained thirty-two different rooms. The contents of
the library were entirely destroyed, as well as the whole
of the furniture in the upper rooms. Most of the rare
plants were rescued from the conservatory, and a number
of large looking-glasses were saved. It is impossible at
present to tell the exact amount of property that has
been consumed, but it must reach at the lowest several
thousand pounds. The proprietor was insured for only
£4700, viz.:—£3ooo on the mansion, and £l7OO on the
furniture. At five o'clock on Wednesday evening, the
ruins were still smouldering.
BEER FROM SUGAR.—A well-informed and intelligent
writer, who appears to have exhausted the subject in a
pamphlet entitled " Good and cheap Beer for the Million,
by the Use of Sugar and Molasses in Public Breweries,"
suggests that sugar may be used, together with barley, in
the proportion of one to four or five, with an improve-
ment to the flavour. As the total quantity of malt used
in brewing and distilling annually is about 4,500,000
quarters, this would release about 1,125,000 quarters of
barley for food. A quarter of malt is generally considered
to have its equivalent in 1801 b. of sugar, or about 2601 b.
of molasses. This quantity of malt, therefore, would be
equivalent to 92,000 tons' of sugar ; an addition to. our
present supply which, we think it scarcely necessary to
observe, we are not likely to procure early enough to be
of serious assistance in our present emergency. If sugar
could be procured sufficient to release half-a-million of
quarters, that is quite as much as could be expected ;
and even this is a relief not to be despised.
EXTRAORDINARY DECEPTION.—An affair has just oc-
curred at Salisbury, which excited, first much consterna-

..ucL nal ua gi cat, in among the inhabi-
tants of that city. The neighbourhood of Castle-street
was alarmed on Saturday morning by cries of " Murder"
from the residence of the Rev. Mr. New, and on entering
the house Mr. New was seen in a state of great excite-
ment, with a carving knife in his hand, with which he
said some burglars had just stabbed the servant girl, who
had alarmed the family by her screams. The house had
apparently been entered by the back door, and bundles
were tied up as if for removal. The neighbours searched
the house and the adjoining houses in vain, and as the
girl had a few days previously given an improbable ac-
count of an attack on her by a robber, the police inspec-
tor searched her box, and there found several articles the
property of Mr. New. The stab she had received with
the carving knife, which was found by Mr. New sticking
in her, was very slight. She was examined before the
magistrates, and remanded.

At the Thames Police-court, on Tuesday week, Colonel
Richard Wright, described as Consul-General for Ecu-
ador, was charged at the instance of Inspector Evans with
an infringement of the Foreign Enlistment Act, in con-
nexion with the late Flores expedition. The chief wit-
ness was Mr. Harvey Garnett Phipps Tuckett, late of
the 11th Hussars ; who deposed to the enlistment of sol-
diers under the name of emigrants. Mr. Tuckett had
himself engaged with Colonel Wright to join the expedi-
tion as lieutenant-colonel, at a pay of £2O a month. He
had received an advance of £5O ; but the vessel in which
he was to have sailed being seized, and considering that
he had not been handsomely treated, he laid the informa-
tion on which the proceedings were founded. Mr. Tuc-
kett admitted, on cross-examination, that he had been a
party to the framing and publishing. •of two documents
which were read, holding out fine promises to " emi-
grants," and which he knew to contain false statements.
Colonel Wright was held to bail, himself in £4OO, and
two sureties in £2OO each. Colonel Wright was again
brought up on Tuesday, and again remanded. He has
been since committed to take his trial.

PAINLESS SURGICAL OPERATIONS.-Guy's Hospital
on Tuesday was crowded to excess by members of the me-
dical profession from all parts of the metropolis and from
the country, to witness the results of two surgical opera-
tions under the new process of inhalation of ether. The
first case was that of a boy, 12 or 14 years of age, for litho-
tomy (or stone). When brought into the theatre and
bound as usual, Mr. Robinson, of Gower-street, the in-
ventor of the apparatus, offered the pipe for inhalation to
the patient. At first he refused to be operated upon, on
account of the many persons present. By some tact the
pipe was introduced, the nose closed, and in two minutes
Mr. Robinson said the patient was ready. The operation
then commenced, and in one minute more the stone was
removed by Mr. Morgan, the operator. The boy removed
to his bed ; and on being visited by the surgeons, and on
being shown the stone, " Ah," said he, " you never took
that from me, I knows, as I never felt it." The next case
was still more extraordinary. The patient was a man
about 30 years of age, suffering from congenital hernia,
the operation for which is, perhaps, the most severe and
prolonged in. surgery. When brought into the operating
theatre, he readily took the " vapour." From four to five
minutes the word was given to Mr. Key, the operator in
this instance, by Mr. Robinson, to commence the opera-
tion. From the commencement to the completion of the
operation, the patient was under the knife from 15 to 20
minutes. On his recovering he was asked by those around
him if he had felt pain, and replied " Not in the least ;
he had been looking at those gentlemen outside, up there."
He alluded to numbers who could not gain admittance,
and had availed themselves of the skylight of the theatre.
[On Thursday, Mr. Parker, of Kirkdale, operated on a
boy nine years of age, for the removal of squinting, after
producing insensibility, by the inhalation. The experi-
ment was completely successful.]

THE SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION Or COTTON
FOR 1846 AND 1847.

(For the Boston Daily Advertiser.)
Within a few months there has been a large advance on
the previous prices of cotton. This has not been caused
by a scarcity of that commodity in the markets of con-
sumption. It is true that the stocks in Europe have de-
creased, but they are litrger than at any former period,
except the two or three past years. They are so large
that if our crop should fall below any of the estimates
which have been made of it, still the supplies for 1847
would far exceed the quantity required for consumption.
If this is a correct view of the case, then the late rise of
prices, predicated as it has been on the belief that the
supply for 1846 will fall short of the consumption, cannot,
upon commercial principles, be permanently maintained.
In the season of 1843-1844, there was, as will long be
remembered by many persons who dealt extensively in
cotton, an augmentation of some thirty or forty per cent.
on its previous prices. This advance was not a natural—
a legitimate one ; it was caused--first, by the circulation
of grossly erroneous estimates of the crop, as was subse-
quently shown by its returns ; secondly, by an ignorance
of, or by an utter disregard to, those facts in the case, a
knowledge of which should regulate the prices of commo-
dities, namely, the extent of the supply as compared with
the demand for them.
Under the influence of the misrepresentations or mis-
takes of persons dealing in cotton, prices in 1843-44 were
enormously increased, but they were not long maintained.
Nor can the late advance in prices be long maintained,
so far as it may reasonably be attributed to the current
belief, on the part of a portion of the community, that
the supply of cotton will fall short of its consumption.
The early estimates of the cotton crop, which for obvious
reasons, are never entitled to much confidence, were
extremely discouraging, but not more so than those which
have generally been placed before the public by parties
who have an interest in raising the price of that staple,
As the season advanced, every estimate from the cottonoes
region has been more favourable than the preceding ones.
According to a statement made up by a responsible and
e
respectable house in Savannah, which appearedtecrop in the
papers
was
papers some weeks since, the out-turn
then placed at 2,175,000 bales. A continuance of the
weather for picking, together with rapidly increasing
receipts of cotton at the ports of shipment, seem to
encourage a belief that the crop will transcend the quality.
But it is said that the crop is short. This we admit.
But what does that term imply but an out-turn below an
average one. Seven years since the crop amounted to
2,177,835 bales. The cultivation of cotton, as is shown
by annual returns, has increased at the rate, of about 7
per cent. per annum. The cotton producing ability of the
country may, then, be considered as equal to something
more than 3,000,000 of bales. That, however, would be
considered as a redundant crop. If, however, we take
2,500,000 bales, which is only 122,000 more than the crop
of 1842-43, then 2,200,000 bales may reasonably be con-
sidered as a very short crop. Nevertheless, in order to
be within bounds, we shall assume 2,100,000 as the
product of the present season.
The cotton season ends the 31st August, and we shall,
therefore, take the stocks on hand here and in Europe at
that date, in forming an estimate of the supply for 1846.
Supply of Cotton for Europe and the United States,

for 1846.

Stock on hand in the ports of Europe, 31st BALES.
August, 1846,
Ditto in United States ports ditto ditto - 107,122
Imports into Europe from countries other
than the United States,
Crop of the United States, 2,100,000

3,664,245

Consumption,
Great Britain,
France, 400,000
Continent of Europe, exclusive
of France,
United States, 460,000- 2,780,000

Stock on hand 31st August, 1847, - - 884,245
The consumption of Europe is based upon the expecta-
tion that prices will not be augmented beyond those paid,
the past six months, by the manufacturers of Great Bri-
tain and France. If there is any considerable advance on
these prices, it is pretty certain there will be a diminished
consumption.
H. L.
Novemberl3, 1846.

Ma. EDITOR :—A writer in your journal, under date of
the 13th inst., after informing the public of a fact, which
had already acquired some notoriety, viz., that an advance
in cotton had taken place, uncertakes to show that "upon

Jan. If, 1847.

commercial principles, the late rise in prices cannot be
permanently maintained."

- For this purpose he assumes, notwithstanding the mast
of evidence against it, that the present crop will amount
to 2,100,000 bales, and that with this crop, added to the
production in other countries and to the stocks in all the
ports on the 31st August last, and estimating the con-.
sumption of the world at 2,780,000 bales for the twelve
following months, that the stock on the 31st August, 1847,
will be 884,245 bales. This is well as far as it goes, but
let us look a little further. Supposing the crop of the
present year to have reached its various points of destina-
tion by the 30th August, 1847, there mast necessarily be
a lapse of three or four months before supplies can be de-
rived from a new crop. Taking therefore the consump-
tion at the figures assumed by the writer above alluded
to, say in round numbers at 232,000 bales per Month, it
would amount from the 31st August to the 31st Decem-
ber, the usual time for taking the stock in Europe,. to
928,000 bales, or 44,000 bales more than his accumulated
stock on the 31st August, out of his abundant supply for
1847. We will allow 100,000 bales of the new crop, the
growth of 1847, to reach the different ports of consurnp=
tion by the Ist January, 1848, and in that case the stock
in all the ports on the 31st December, 1847, will amount,.
agreeably to H. L.'s own figures to 56,000 bales, against
a stock in the ports of Europe on the 31st December,.
1845, of 1,219,000 bales..

It appears to me therefore that your intelligent corre-
spondent could not have thoroughly examined this im-
portant subject, when he made the assertion alluded to in
the first part of this com munication,

It would be very easy to go into other arguments and
statistics to show, not only that the Tate advance in prices
is well founded, but that it is likely to be permanent from
the fact that the consumption has overtaken the growth.
—But I will not trespass upon your valuable room to prove
what must be so apparent to every one.. I will only al.
lude in conclusion to the critical position the Cotton ma-
nufacturers throughout the world would be placed in,
should any serious disaster occur to our r*Xt crop ; and
ventu.e the opinion that a liberal augmentation of prices
on their part at this time would be judicialt.o poliey, in
orde, to stimulate the production of Cotton wherever it
can be grown, the low rates for a few years past having
unquestionably led to an abandonment of its culture to a
considerable extent. S. H. F.
November 28th.

A writer in your paper (S. H. F.) in commenting on an
estimate of the supply and consumption of cotton, pub-
lished in your journal of the 17th November, says‘ that
the stock in all the ports, on the 31st of December, 1847,
will amount, agreeably to H. L.'s own figures, to 56,000
bales." If this is a correct view of the case, the supply
of cotton in Europe and this country will be reduced to
about one week's consumption at the close of the ensuing
year, on the supposition that our crop should prove to be
2,100,000 bales. But it is intimated by your corresondent
that we have over estimated the crop. We admit that,,
at this moment, opinions of many intelligent persons,
deeply interested in the purchase and sale of cotton, are
in favor of 2,000,000 bales ; while some estimates go
down to 1,900,000 bales. If the crop should prove to be
only 2,000,000 bales, then according to the anticipations
of S. H. F., the supply of this important material of ma-
nufacture will be exhausted before the termination of the
approaching year.
Your correspondent alludes to "the critical position in
which cotton manufacturers will be placed should any
serious disaster occur to our next crop." If, however,
the construction put upon our statement is a correct one,
the manufacturers are already in a very critical condition;
for, should there be even a moderate degree of apprehen-
sion abroad that the stock will be reduced to a week's
supply, the holders of cotton would be unwise to part
with it at prices short of double the existing ones. Even
with a reasonable prospect of a.reductiom of stock to two
month's consumption, a material which gives employ-
ment to so much capital and labour would be considered
an object of safe speculation at prices far in advance of the
current ones.

But the estimate of H. L. is not susceptible of the con.
struction given to it by your correspondent. The error
proceeds from the adoption of our figures for the supply
and demand for twelve months. With this correction
your correspondent will arrive at the same result as the
one which has been the subject of his remarks.
It is contended by S. H. F. that " consumption has
overtaken growth." Such is the fact, but it should be
borne in mind that the present and the past crops are
some three or four hundred thousand of hales below what
might be considered as an average out-turn, and nearly a
million of bales below what might be deemed a luxuriant
crop. Secondly, it should be recollected that the stock
in Europe has been so much in excess of. the.usual quan-
tity, as to have made up for a deficiency in our crops.
If, however, the season of 1847-1848 should, as your
correspondent intimates, be an unfavourable one, as much
so as the two past ones, and consumption is not curtailed
by high prices—then prices may hereafter range higher
than the existing ones.
Again, your correspondent says, that in view of the
facts of the case, prices ought to be higher than those
heretofore current. We think he is right ; but the ques-
tion is as to de.gree. It seems to be overlooked in many
of the discussions upon cotton, that the present prices
are from 50 to 60 per cent. higher than those paid in the
season of 1843--1844—at least by those persons who
abstained from purchasing during the continuance of the
gambling mania, which, for a short period, carried up
prices fifty per cent. above the subsequent, prices paid
for it.

In the article sent you, it has not been contended that
present, or even higher prices would not be paid for
cotton during the season. There is, indeed, reason to
suppose they will go higher, since whatever may be the
facts in the case, and the reasonings upon them, if those
who hold cotton, and those who are in want of it, believe
it to be lower than it is likely to be hereafter, wityz.wiii
go on rising so long as that belief continues to exist.

- The prices of cotton, it may not be amiss to remark,
are now from 10 to 15 percent. higher than shipments to
England will net, according to prices current on the 18th
November. But the accounts are not very encouraging
for a permanent maintenance of prices. A letter-from a
London correspondent engaged in importations of cotton
from India, writes as follows :—" Our cotton market
keeps buoyant on speculation, but unless your crop falls
short of two millions of bales, I do not think our con-
sumption likely to reduce our stock so as to maintain
prices. On the other hand, if the reports of a diminished
crop should prove to be exaggerated, we shall have a re-
action from the present excitement."

The remarks in the circular of Messrs. Baring and C 0.,,
whose statements and opinions we have heretofore found
to have been trustworthy, are in concurrence with those
of our correspondent. "The stock at the close of, the
year (says the circular) will be moderate, but the state of
trade in the manufacturing districts is far from satisfac-
tory. The twist market has declined, and a dull winter is
expected. If the crops of the United States do not
exceed 2,000,000 bales, we think present prices• may be
supported for a time, in the face of the expected under-
current of increasing value of money." •
In a letter from a shipping-house in Manchester, there
is the following passage : " A struggle has been main-
tained between buyer and seller of goods ; the former
seeing no prospect of remuneration in the foreign mar-
ket, but from low prices ; whilst the latter has to contend
with almost daily increasing rates for the raw material.
A remedy for both can be found in a reduction of time
and labour, at once giving confidence to the exporter of
goods, and a check to the speculation, in cotton. We are
happy to say that such a movement is now more than
probable, for already several mills in the district have
commenced running short time."
Other accounts, however, take a somewhat more cheer-
ing view of manufacturing prospects. In this country,
manufacturing prospects are not better than those tn
England, unless there should be an advance on the pre-
sent prices of cotton fabrics,—and such a cl

we apprehend, likely soon to take place
December 4, 1846.

Lange is not,
H.L.

MR. EDITOR,—In commenting upon an article in your
recento controvert a position rise in the price of
journal of the 17th November last, over the signature of
" H. L." my object.tewr
assumed by that wri ,atshatsimthpely to
cotton was not founded upon _commercial principles, and
could not, therefore, be permanently maintained.
I should not have troubled you further upon this sub-
ject, but for the appearance of another article in your
paper of the 12th instant from the same pen, in which the
writer (though he has changed or modified his previous
views) attributes to me "an error in the adoption of his
figures " in relation to the supply and demand for 12
months, stating that I had allowed for a consumption for
16 months, while he would give the impression to the
casual reader that I had given a supply but for 12 months.
If " H. L." will refer to my former article, he will find
that I took for the supply, "for the additional four
months," the stock which he estimated would remain on,
hand at the end of his 12 months—say the 31st August—
and added thereto the probable supply that could be
derived from the new crop, prior to the 31st December,
1847. If "H. L." can point out any other source from
which a supply can be obtained between the 31st August
and 31st December, I will cheerfully admit that I have
met his argument unfairly ; but if he cannot, I must
maintain that I have assumed correct grounds. It is true
that the cotton, the production of the present year may
not, as assumed by the above-named writer, reach the
ports at the period he has fixed upon ; but this is of no
consequence so far as the main point in the argument is
concerned. If it should not have so arrived, his stock, of
course, will be so much the less on the 31st August next
as there may be in transitu or remaining in the shipping
ports.
While upon this subject, I will trespass a little further
upon your courtesy by calling the attention of the manu-
facturers and others interested to the fact, that at the last
visitation of the caterpillar before this, it extended its
ravages over two crops—viz., 1840 and 1841—reducing
the production of these two years respectively from
2,177,000 bales in 1839 to 1,635,000 and 1,685,000 bales.
The general mildness of our weather thus far corresponds
with that in 1840 ; and it is much to be feared that the
germ of the enemy may not be destroyed. But perhaps
it is premature to speculate upon so sad an event, as
should consider any disaster to our next crop to be.
"H. L. has kindly furnished us with extracts from
respectable English letters, which show certainly that the
state of trade is not in as prosperous a condition as tha
manufacturers desire. But this matter will probably be
remedied by lessening the production of goods and yarns
—a proceeding which must necessarily take place, from
deficiency in the raw material, as there is little hope of
our crops reaching 1,900,000 bales.
In reply to the remarks of " H. L." with regard to the
comparative prices of cotton, I would ask him this ques-
tion—What reduced the price in Liverpool of fair uplands
from 7d. per lb. (which was about the standard for years,
oftener above than below it,) to 4d. per lb. ? His answer
will be, I presume—An over accumulation of stock. That
accumulation being now removed, why should not prices
be restored to their former equilibrium, even with an
average crop ? S. 11. F. •
Savannah, December 16th, 1846.