The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-10-26 00:00:00

LATER FROM AMERICA.

The packet-ship Henry Clay, Captain Nye, which left
New York on the 9th instant, arrived in the Mersey last
night.
The political news is of little importance.
Foreign exchange continued inactive, and the rates
were without alteration. Bills on London were quoted
at 94- to 91- per cent. premium. It was not packet-day
for the steamer for nearly a week after the Henry Clay
left, and there was not, therefore, any active inquiry for
In the meantime, a decline in quotations was
looked for. There was a large amount of bills on the
market, and, as soon as confidence became reinstated,
there would be, without doubt, a considerable decline in
rates. The commercial panic was fast wearing away, and
favourable advices from any quarter would immediately
bring back things to their former position. A very great
depression had, however, been experienced during the
week. It was calculated that the recent improvements
in the prices of breadstuffs in England would give an
impetus to the forwarding of supplies from the interior
to the seaboard. The amounts received for tolls on the
canals, during the months of August and September last,
were above a third more than during the corresponding
months of last year.
The rapid improvement in the financial condition of
Pennsylvania is a matter of much astonishment, to not
only every citizen of that state, but to the bondholders
generally. The annual increase in the revenue, and re-
duction in expenditures, operates with a twofold influence
in restoring the credit and financial prosperity of the
state. The actual gain to the state, in less than three
years, was nearly 5,000,000 dollars.
FREIGHTS.—To Liverpool, we quote flour at ls. 6d.,
grain in bags at 6d. per bushel, and cotton at 3-16 d. to
id. asked by packets. To London, rates were better.
For heavy goods 325. to 325. 6d. was asked, and for flour
2s. 6d. to 3s. For Havre and Hamburg, cotton was worth
5-6 c. to lc.
NEW YORK, Friday Afternoon, Oct 8.
The weather, through the greater part of the day, proved
extremely inclement, which, in a measure, suspended all
out-door business. The market for flour and grain was
firmer. New and fresh ground brands were in good de-
mand, and sales made at full prices—in some cases a slight
improvement was visible. Wheat was firm, and new
Genessee in light supply, and for all kinds there existed a
fair inquiry. Corn was firmer, and sales made at a slight
improvement. Oats were firm, while rye stood about the
same. Provisions continued inactive, while prices all .2
measure remained unchanged. Groceries sold to a mCv.:-.1
rate extent, at about previous rates.
ASHES.—SmaII sales of Pots were made at 85 621, and
of Pearls at £B. The market was steady.
BEESWAX.—SaIes of 1500 pounds were made at 24c. to
25e.

BREADSTI7FFS.—FIoter.—SaIes of 300 bbls. new Gene-
see were made at S 5 874, and about 1000 do.—in two lots—
at S 6; 200 do. Union Mills, Brooklyn, good brands, sold'
at the same price; 1300 do. Oswego, new, sold at S 5 874,
and 500 do. good brands at S 5 75; 500 do. Shawmut mills,
Rochester, were sold at 56 124 ; good new Southern was
wanted at S 6, and sales of 200 to 300 bbls. Georgetown,
fancy brands, were made S 6 25. Wheat.--Sales of 1400
bushels Genesee, new, were made at 131 cents, and 500
ditto, poor Southern, were sold at 105 cents. Corn.—
Sales of 2000 bushels round, were made at 68 cents ; 4000
ditto New Orleans, mixed, were made at 63 cents ; 19t)0
ditto high mixed sold at 67, and 2000 ditto at 65. The
show of samples was light, and the market closed with
increased firmness. Meal.—New York was worth S 2 75 a
82 874, and New Jersey at S'3 25—no sales of moment
transpired. Rye.—A cargo sold at 80 cents ; delivered,
it was held at 82 cents. Oats.—Sales of 3000 bushels
were made at 53 cents.
Receipts down the Hudson River, October 7th
Flour 8 550 barrels.
Meal
Wheat 3,000 bushels.
Rye 1,600 „
Corn 10,500 „
CANDLES.—Sperm continued to sell at 32 cents.
COFFEE.—No sales transpired. The stock of Rio was
reduced it was said, to about 3000 bags in first hands.
There was no change in quotations.
COTTON.--The wet day and cloudy atmosphere were
much against operations in this line to. day, the sales em-
braced only about 600 bales, which were for export, and
at the quotations we annex, and at which holders did not
press sales.

LIVERPOOL CLASSIFICATION.

New Orleans,
Uplands. Florida. Mob. Tex.
none. none. none.
91 al4 9I a 10+ 101 a Icti
10.1 a 101 101 all 11 a 11+
101 a 114 11 a 114 111 a 111
111 a 111 111 a 111 111 a llt
111 a 111 111 a 111 111 al2
12+ al4 121 a 121 121 al3
121 a 134- none. • 13+ a 131
134 a 131 none. 131 a 14

Inferior
Ordinary
Middling
Good Middling
Middling Fair
Fair.
Fully Fair
Good Fair
Fine.

LIST OF PASSENGERS.-Mr. Hoffman, daughter, and-
servant; Mr. Largest, lady, and two children; Mr. Bre-
seek and lady; Mr. Haslings, lady, and son; Miss Has-
lings, Mrs. James and child, Mrs. Louthey, Miss Ross,
Mrs. Haddocks, Mr. Mageney, Rev. Mr. Blanchard, Mr.
Epps, Mr. Roosvelt, Mr. Porler ; and 120 in the steerage.

PROTESTANT ORPHAN SOCIETY (IRELAND).

In our advertising columns will be found a notice of
the annual meetings of the several Auxiliaries to this
valuable Institution which, since the foundation in the
year 1825. has been the means of providing an asylum for
no less than steen hundred and thirty-nine orphans.
This year the cause of the orphan calls for special atten-
tion, for the Society has felt, as seriously and directly as
any family in the land, the pressure of the times—the
increase of the price of provisions having caused a con-
siderably larger outlay than is the case in ordinary years.
The class relieved by this Society has the very strongest
claims upon our sympathy.
It has been formed for the purpose of sheltering the
destitute Orphans of Protestants alike from the miseries
of starvation and the evils of vice and superstition !
receiving continually under its parental care as many as
possible of the numerous applicants, whose only earthly
support either famine or fever has numbered with its
victims during the present vear—surely its voice is but
pleading with the Christian Public to aid the most desti-
tute among the sufferers; it is but the united appeal of
hundreds of widowed mothers to save their orphan child-
ren from starvation. We earnestly entreat of all classes
of our fellow-townsmen to continue their support to this
valuable Institution, which stands forth as one of the
bulwarks of Protestantism in Ireland. The Society is
highly commendable for its economy, for it affords an
asylum for orphans at considerably less expense than
they could be provided for as paupers? at the same time
rearing them in health and activity, and eventually putting
them out into the world as useful members of society.
In conclusion we sincerely hope that the Meetings and
Sermons will be well attended, and that the appeal of the
Deputation will not be made in vain.

REJOICINGS AT SEACOMBE.—Last night, a salute of
guns was fired at Seacombe, as a token of joy for the
assistance afforded by government to the Birkenhead
Commissioners for the completion of their docks.
We understand that a large and splendid iron steamer
will be launched from the building-yard of Messrs. Thos.
Vernon and Co., to-morrow, (Wednesday,) at half-past
eleven o'clock. We believe .he is intended for the sta-
tion between Holyhead and Kingston.
Itoonner OF £loo.—On Thursday last, a gentleman,
who was about to proceed to America, was robbed of £lO6
from his trunk. It is said that a person who was staying
at the hotel has been arrested on suspicion of committiqg
the robbery.
COMMITMENTS FOR TRIAL.—At the Police-court, yes-
terday, Henry Roberts, for stealing a basket of coals;
Mary Murphy, for stealing 151bs. of beef from John
Birt, in St. Martin's Market, on Saturday ; James Barton,
for stealing a quantity of wathmakers' tools from the
workshop of Mr. Samuels; Catherine Hughes, for robbing
Joseph Burke of £2 lls. 6d., and Catherine M`Donald,
for robbing H. Whittle of £5 55., were severally com-
mitted for trial at the present sessions.
SUDDEN DEATH.—Yesterday, an inquest was held
before Mr. Curry, on view of the body of Mary Livesey,
aged 62, who resided in Trowbridge-street. On Friday
night she was left by her husband sitting at the fire, when
he went to bed. About midnight he had occasion to get
up, and found her sitting on the side of the bed quite
cold and dead. There was a quantity of blood upon the
floor. A surgical 'examination showed that she had died
from rupture of a blood-vessel in the trachea, the result
of disease of the lungs.
OBTAINING MONET UNDER FALSE PRETENCES.--At
the Police-court, yesterday, a man named Wm. Remick
was charged by Mr. James Moorhouse, coal merchant,
with having obtained several sums of money for coals for
which he had received orders on his statement that he was
acting for the complainant, who had not authorised him,
and to whom he had not paid the amounts. He had re-
ceived 18s. 9d. from one person, and other sums from
others. He had been formerly employed by Mr. 3loor-
house, but was discharged. The prisoner was committed-
far trial.

CONTRADICTION.—The Radicals are not over scrupul-
ous as to the means they resort to, to defeat an opponent,
but we have seldom found them taking a more unworthy
step than that which has been deliberately resolved on to
injure Mr. G. G. Hornby in the estimation of the electors
of Everton Ward. The House Owners Guardian Society
have issued a circular, asse fng that Mr. Hornby voted
for the rating of the owners of £lO tenements, whereas
he voted against it, and, in fact. received for that vote the
thanks of the House Owners Guardian Society, which was
communicated to him in a letter, dated 21st April, 1846,
and written by Mr. Walthew, who is now Mr. Hornby's
opponent for the representation of Everton Ward. Surely
a little more caution should be exercised before statemeats
so palpably untrue are so ind istriously circulated.
CROSBY FAlR.—During the pist week the village of
Crosby has presented a scene of unusual festivity. The
annual fair, and goose feast, commenced on Monday. On
Tuesday a most sumptuous dinner was given at the Ship
Inn,- at which nearly thirty gentlemen were present, on
the occasion of the election of Mayor. The chair was
occupied by Mr. Sumner, and the vice-chair by Mr.
Brewer. After the removal of the dinner, which was not
bountiful, but what is most important, so well cooked, as
to call forth voluntary ejaculations in praise of the caterer,
Mr. Liversedge (in accordance with the usual custom)
was elected Mayor. The chairman then went through
the usual routine of toasts, which were so interspersed
with anecdote, song, and racy speech, as to render the
meeting entertaining and harmonious—indeed, there
seemed to exist a feelin4 that was worthy imitation, each
endeavouring to pronicte the erjoyment of his neighbour.
PARRY'S LIBRARY is certainly of the most extensive
out of the metropolis. and having been formed of late
years is replete with the most modern and to
work*
FOlLlictl.—See Add, id V ER POOL
STANDARD

'..' '. =
-,;',:---;
(:::: ~..../ ~4::;--‘,..--,------1,4,4:
"•..a .;1,0
(~..i.p.:- z
~,, ~,,...:
Itt

Ettcraturr.

VARIETIES.

Eloquence is the expression of conviction,
-actual experience.
A GREAT DIFFERENCE.—Mr. Fox used to say—" I
never want a word, but Pitt never wants the word, to
express his meaning."
LIFE AND DEATH.—" Life is sweet and death bitter,"
said Sir Anthony Kingston to Bishop Hooper at the stake.
"True, friend (replied Hooper) ; but the death to come
is more bitter. and the life to come more sweet."
ORDER.—Whitfield's habits were singularly nice and
cleanly, upon the principle that everything about a minis-
ter should be "spotless." He was known to say that he
could not die easy if his gloves were out of place. He had
the gentlemanly love of order, which required his table to
be elegantly spread even if only a loaf, or his favourite
dish, a cow heel, were to be set upon it.—Fraser.
CIIRISTIAN versus PAGAN ART.—The exclusively ec-
clesiastical character of early Christian art, is the grand
feature which at once destroys all analogy between this
art and the creations of Pagan antiquity. In Hellenic
paganism, we behold the triumph of humanity. The hu-
man form in its most ideal beauty is the type of all things
divine. Christianity starts at once with the peremptory
condition of a renunciation of individual beauty and
strength. Christianity counted sensual beauty as nothing :
she regafded the mind alone. She permits the human
form only as the incorporation of some hidden thought
divine. In the one instance, the form was all in all; in
the other, it is the expression: The heathen delighted in
naked bodies, for every single part might convey the sen-
sation of beauty. The face sufficed for Christian art, as
solely expressive of divine beauty.—Blackwood.
WIIAT KNOWLEDGE CAN DO.—Modern Europe, as we
now regard it, cannot but keep its intellectual standing—
cannot but continue to advance; still, whether this shall
turn to her real advantage, and produce correspondent
moral results, and so tend to the eternal welfare of man-
kind, is another question, for the solution of which the
duties of the Church come under our especial considera-
tion : for, though knowledge is power, it is power for evil
as well as for good; and correct morals alone can render
acquirements advantageous to ourselves or others, and
prevent intelligence from becoming a curse rather than
a blessing : for guiding mankind aright, the Church must
not only keep pace with, but be in advancement of, the
age. Wr• mii.
tempta-
tions of i with whom we have to deal, and we must
know the wants, the feelings, the
illifi
minister to t icta intelligently, or we shall be talking to
the winds.—Church of England Review.
SNAKE VITORSHIPPING IN WESTERN AFRICA.—The
snake is also a fetish or idol here; and houses are built in
several parts of Dahomey for the accommodation of snakes,
where they are regularly fed. These houses are about
seven feet high in the walls, with conical roof, about eight
feet diameter, and circular. The snakes are of the boa
constrictor tribe, and are considered quite harmless, al-
though I have my doubts upon it. They generally leave
this house at intervals, and when found by any of the
natives are taken up and immediately conveyed back to
the fetish house, where they are placed on the top of the
wall, under the thatch. It is disgusting to witness the
homage paid to these reptiles by the natives. When one
of them is picked up by any one, others will prostrate
themselves as it is carried past, throwing dust on their
heads, and begging to be rubbed over the-body with the
reptile. After taking the snake up, a very heavy penalty
is incurred by laying it down, before it is placed in the
fetish-house. Wherever a snake is found it must be im-
mediately carried to the fetish-house, whether it has ever
been placed there before or not.—Dunean's Travels in
Western Africa.
MR. Peer's REMEDY FOR THE MONETARY CRISIS OF
1793.—At this period (1793) the mercantile world were
greatly alarmed by an unusual stagnation of trade, an ex-
traordinary demand for money, and the refusal of the
usual accommodation at the bank in the discount of bills.
These effects were chiefly produced by a boundless spirit
of commercial enterprise, exceeding all ordinary means of
support, and calling for a supply of capital within the
power of but few to afford, and by a sudden diminution of
orders from the foreign markets. It appeared, however,
on examination, that great numbers were affected by the
immediate want of credit whose real property was amply
sufficient to meet every want and to satisfy every claim ;
but, as this property could not, with adequate expedition,
be converted into money, such persons were unable to
answer the current demand upon them, and were placed
in a state of equal distress with those who were really in a
state of insolvency. Thus pressed, a committee waited
upon Mr. Pitt, to whom they represented the serious, dis-
tress of the commercial world. Having closely investi-
gated the subject, and being fully aware of the mischiev-
ous consequences of this temporary evil, if some effectual
relief were not immediately afforded, Mr. Pitt introduced
the business to the House of Commons, and a committee
was appointed to take it into consideration. On the 29th
of April the report was made to the house, which proved
the causes of the prevailing distress to be such as have
been stated above, and recommended the adoption of Mr.
Pitt's plan of relief, which proposed to issue Exchequer
bills to the amount of £5,000,000 sterling, to be intrusted
to the management of commissioners, who were to ad-
vance it'tipon the credit of goods to be deposited in ware-
' houses appropriated for their reception ; which goods, if
not redeemed before the first of May, 1794, were then to
be sold. The interest to be paid upon the sums lent was
at the rate of £3 16s. per cent. The measure experienced
some resistance from the opposition, who readily ascribed
the distress which called for it to the war—that fertile
source of every evil which seems to associate itself, in
their minds, with every measure of policy, and with every
topic of discussion. It received the Sanction of the house,
who passed the necessary act in a few days, and the re-
sult established the wisdom, of the application, for the re-
lief granted fully answered every purpose. Credit was re-
stored, trade increased, and commerce flourished, to the
great improvement of the revenue, while not a sixpence
was lost by the well-timed liberality of parliament.—Gif-
ford's Life of Pitt.
AN IRISH FAMILY MANSION.—It was a racketty place,
as any one could see. The lodge gate stood wide open,
emblem of the family hospitality ; and, hanging by a
single hinge, proclaimed that, as in most things Irish,
there was a screw loose. The house was a pale-faced,
rakish, moist-looking edifice, showing in its cracked and
neglected plaster the crow's feet of premature age. It
was a kind of devil-may-care tenement that set the pro-
prietors at defiance, and was plainly given to dissipation
and late hours. You could see at a glance it was a house
that had never made both ends meet. Even in the morn-
ing there was a debauched and maudlin look about it, as
if it had been up all night ; and the dishevelled shrubbery,
coming down in a long strip of faded green and yellow on
either side, looked a tawdry, half-ragged scarf, hanging
untied round its neck. There was not a single flower to
stick in his button-hole, but the frowsy herbage came up
like an unshaved beard to its chin. No female band was
there to train it into taste and neatness ; in a word, it was
in the forlorn condition of an Itish Bachelor's Hall. The
windows of both drawing-room and dining-room opened
to the ground, affording great facility for the ingress of
equestrians • as it was a standing joke at Farrelstown to
raise the sash and ride into one of those rooms, and when
the servant answered the drawing-room bell, he found,
belike, the visitor riding about the room. The reader is
not to suppose that the carpets suffered much from these
incursions ; for, alas ! they were long past injury ; and,
in fact, had been so roughly treated by the feet of man
and beast, that the little which remained had retired for
protection under the table, leaving only a very ill-condi-
tioned border timidly peeping out of the sanctuary. The
dining-table itself had suffered severely, and exhibited
various impressions of horse-shoes upon its surface; it
. being a frequent practice to " school" over it after dinner.
In fact, to ride over Farrell's mahogany was a sort of test
of manhood and horsemanship, which few aspiring youths
cared to forego. On one occasion, on a frosty day, a few
couple of hounds being in the stable, they ran a drag
through the house, throwing off in the dining-room,
taking the up-stairs country, so through the suit of bed-
rooms, and down the back-stairs into the kitchen. It is
recorded by one who described this '• night with Farrell's
hounds," that all the field were up in the bed-room, that
there was some tailing in the passages, and a few falls in
the attics ; but they all shut up at the back stairs, except
the master, who was well up at the last.—Scraps and
Sketches of Irish Life.
ORIGIN OF THE PICKWICK PAPERS.—In the preface to
the cheap issue of this publication Mr. Dickens gives the
following account of their origin. "I was a ybung man
of three-and-twenty, when the present publishers, at-
tracted by some pi:ces I was at that time writing in the
Morning Chronicle newspaper, waited upon me to pro-
pose a something that should be published in shilling
numbers—then only known to me, or I believe to any
body else, by a dim recollection of certain interminable
novels in that foam, which used, some 25 years ago, to be
carried about the county by pedlars, and over some of
which I rememter to have shed innumerable tears, before
I served my apprenticeship to life. When I opened my
door in Furnival's-inn to the manageing partner who re-
presented the firm, I recognised in him the person from
whose hands I had bought, two or three years previously,
and whom I had never seen before or since, my first copy
of the magazine in which my first effusion—dropped
stealthily one evening at twilight, with fear and trembling,
into a dark letter-box, in a dark office, up a dark court,
in Fleet-street—appeared in all the glory of print; on
which occasion by-the-bye,—how well I recollect it!—l
walked down to Westminster Hall, and turned into it for
half an hour, because my eyes were so dimmed with joy
and pride, that they could not bear the street, and were
not fit to be seen there. I told. my visitor of the coinci-
dence, which we both hailed as a good omen: and so fell
to business. The idea propounded to me was that the
monthly something should be a vehicle for certain plates
to be executed by Mr. Seymour, and there was a notion,
either on the part of that admirable humorous artist, or
of my visitor (I forget which), that a "Nimrod Club,"
the members of which were to go out shooting, fishing,
and so forth, and getting themselves into difficulties
through their want of dexterity, would be the best means
of introducing these. '1 objected. My views being defer-
red to, I thought of Mr. Pickwick, and wrote the first
number ; from the proof sheets of which Mr. Seymour
made his drawing of the club, and that happy portrait of
its founder, by which he is always recognised, and which
may be said to have made him a reality. I connected Mr.
Pickwick with a club, because of the original suggestion,
and I put in Mr. Winkle expressly for the use of Mr. Sey-
mour. We started with a number of twenty-four pages
instead of thirty-two, and four illustrations in lieu of a
couple. Mr. Seymour's sudden and lamented death be-
fore the second number was published brought about a
quick decision upon a point already in agitation ; the
number became one of thirty-two pages with two illus-
trations, and remained so to the end. My friends told
me it was a low, cheap form of publication, by which I
should ruin all my rising hopes; and how right my friends
turned out to be, everybody now knows." " Boz," Mr.
Dickens' signature in the Morniny Chronicle, and ap-
pended to the monthly cover of this book, was, he adds,
the nick-name of a pet brother, and adopted by him as a
119 M de plume.

CROMWELL, CHARLES 1., AND NAPOLEON.
(From the Churela,of England Review.)
We give Merle d'Aubigne every credit for the motives
which have induced this " Vindication." The attempt to
rescue the memory of one whom he conceives to have
been a good as well as a great man shows the impulse of
a generous mind, and with this we hope we can sympathize;
but we are sorry for the manner in which the attempt has
been made and the animus betrayed in making it. We
are perfectly willing to admit that many of the actors in
this revolution, however misguidei, believed that they
were doing that which was acceptable to God ; but this
does not destroy the real character of their deeds. It is
said that England derived immense constitutional advanta-
ges from the struggle : the same may be said more or less
of all revolutions. We are told that the fear of his
father's scaffold made James 11. abdicate the throne, and
thus saved the effusion of much blood ; it must not be
forgo. ten, however, that it has been asserted that Louis
XVI. never would have suffered but for the precedent.
We have no high estimation of the Stuarts generally : we
believe, with Burnet, that they bore misfortunes better than
prosperity, yet we desire to pay that respect to misfortunes
borne with dignity which we cannot yield to prosperity un-
lawfully abused. Of this unhappy race, however, Charles I.
is the most to be admired as a man, and the most to be pitied
as a king. Although his extravagant notions of the royal
prerogative forced him into positions which required for
their maintenance such doubtful expedients as his adver-
saries interpreted into proofs of deliberate perfidy, it
ought to be remembered that his notions of prerogative
were, with him, a part of his religion ; and that the ex-
pedients, which left for him the character of insincerity,
were after all such as many a prince has employed, re-
ceiving commendation, from historians for his policy, In
the relations of domestic life, Charles was as exemplary
as Oliver; in the refinement of the Christian gentleman,
he was greatly superior ; in sagacity and statesmanship,
he was ir.finitely his inferior. It may be true, that the
one idea of Cromwell's political life was the maintenance
of Protestantism ; it is not true that the sole aim of
Charles was the introduction of Popery. On this fragile
ground Merle d'Aubigne has built a theory of wicked in-
tentions, compensated by divine judgments, and frustrated
by pure and siugleminded men, which must perish at the
slightest touch of truth, like a child's house of cards—
which, indeed, the very breath of his own angry invective
is sufficient to destroy.
In his estimation of Cromwell as a statesman we can
better agree. In the foreign policy of his Protectorate,
he added another instance to the few which the world has
seen of a power wisely and conscientiously exercised which
had been doubtfully attained. In the domestic govern-
ment of the country, he exhibited great moderation and
sagacity. Like Napoleon, he was the only man who
could coerce the wild and anarchial elements of a revo-
lutionary condition into order. Like Napoleon, his per-
sonal ambition expressed itself in enlarged measures, re-
sulting in national prosperity. Like Napoleon, the very
necessities of the times permitted, and even required him,
to attain the successive steps to supreme authority. There
was, however, this striking difference in the cases of these
two great and singular men—that one availed himself of
a social condition which he found in existence—the other
helped to create it. We believe that, in the outset of
his career, Cromwell was honest and sincere. As the
successive scenes of this great national tragedy opened, he
learnt more fully the important character he had to play,
and saw more clearly the power he must ultimately attain.
With the temptation came the fall. It is utterly contrary
to all historical evidence to say that he was indifferent to
his own aggrandizement ; or that he did not skilfully seize
every opportunity for its attainment ; and it is only at the
expense of religion it can be said that his motives and
his actions in his way to power were the pure results of
Christian faith or consistent with Christian practice.

REASON, REVELATION, AND TRADITION.—I draw the
distinction between the revelation from heaven and the
interpretations of men as strongly as possible. I place
my reason between the two. To revelation my reason
submits implicitly, as my bounden duty and best privilege.
To the conclusions, the decisions, the decrees, the creeds,
the inferences of men who are uninspired, my reason
never submits in the same manner; it only conforms and
acquiesces on different principles. Tradition shall be
weighed and examined ; its evidences shall be received, its
legends rejected. I will pay respect, and homage, and
deference, to every teacher who would persuade me, with
seriousness and earnestness, to consider an opinion, a
comment, or an interpretation. I will esteem such testi-
mony as next in value to Scripture itself ; and if I am
compelled to reject the interpretation it submits to me,
I will do so with sorrow and reluctance : but, while I learn
from all, and value all, I will submit my reason to none
of them, as I submit to the inspired revelation. I demand
the much-abused, much-derided, and much-ridiculed pri-
vilege of the unlimited right of private judgment—that is,
of the right and power, uncontrolled by any human un-
inspired authority whatever, of exercising; as an individual
responsible to God alone, the principles of reasoning on
all religious matters, and arriving at conclusions which
believe to be supported by evidence. 1 place reason
where it ought to stand, at the right hand of revelation.
I maintain its inferiority to the Scripture—its submission,
in all cases, to the authority of evidence—and its equality
with all, which, like itself, is uninspired. Bold as this
assumption is, it is the only true mode of reconciling all
discrepancies.—Rev. Dr. Townsend.
SAM SLICK'S DESCRIPTION OF A MACKEREL FISHERY.
—Well, when our friends the mackerel strike in towards
the shore, and travel round the province to the northward,
the whole coasting population is on the stir too. Perhaps
"there never was seen, under the bles ed light of the sun,
anything like the everlasting number of mackerel in one
shoal on our sea-coast. Millions is too little a word for
it; acres of them is too small a term to give a right no-
tion ; miles of them, perhaps, is more like the thing ; and
when they rise to the surface, it's a solid body of fish you
sail through. It's a beautiful sight to see them come
tumbling into a harbour, head over tail, and tail over
head, jumping and thumping, sputtering and fluttering,
lashing and thrashing, with a gurgling kind of sound, as
much as to say, " Here we are, my hearties ! How are
you off for salt ? Is your barrels all ready ?—because we
are. So bear a hand, and out with your nets, as we are
off to the next harbour to-morrow, and don't wait for
such lazy fellows as you be." Well, when they come in
shoals that way, the fishermen come in swarms, too. Oh,
it beat & all natur—that's a fact ! Did you ever stand on a
beach, Miss, or on a pasture, that's on a river, or on a
bay, and see a great flock of plover, containing hundreds,
and hundreds, and hundreds of birds, come and light all
at once in one spot, where a minute afore there warn't
one ? Well, that's the way with humans on the fishery-
stations. Take Crow Harbour, now, or Fox Island, or
any of them places, whenever the fish strike in, they are
all crowded right up in re minute, chock full of people
from all parts of these colonies and eastern states of Ame-
rica, in flats and boats, and decked vessels, and shallops
and schooners, and pinks, and sloops, and smacks, and
every kind of small craft.—Fraser's Magazine.

01 FAITH.—The same truth was implicitly held by
the orthodox, before the errors arose, as was held and ex-
plicitly professed by them after the errors were refuted ;
and, although controversy may render the articles of our
faith more clear to the understanding, and may teach us
to use more guarded, more precise language, so as to pre-
vent misunderstanding by others of the doctrines which
the Church holds, yet nothing is added thereby : the faith
is one and the same, as the Church is one, from the first
century to the last. The Nicene and Athanasian creeds,
which were successively framed by the orthodox to meet
the errors of rash and gectarian teachers, did not propound
new articles of faith ; but affirmed, in words selected to
meet the innovations of heretics, the Catholic truths con-
tained in the apostle's creed, and those still shorter for-
mularies, which the primitive Church used, all deduced
from the Scriptures. There is no progression in the sense
of change—none which would imply any addition to, or
all of which rest wholly and exclusively upon the word of
God. The Council of Constantinople, in re-enacting the
Nicene creed with the addition of a few words, confessing
more largely than before to the person and offices of the
Holy Spirit, was careful to state that they held the same
faith as the Nicene fathers, and prohibited, by an express
canon, any future addition to the creed handed down to
them. The main error in the Church of ROM is its
daring innovation : novelties of various kinds were brought
in from time to time, some to please the people, some to
please the priests, many we know not how; and being
introduced, however wrongly, however ignorantly, have
been retained and justified. To all these innovations the
Council of Trent gave its deliberate sanction ; and the
Pope, in defiance of the canon of the Council of Con-
stantinople, embodied the most objectionable of these
novelties in twelve new articles which he added to the
Nicene creed—articles which none can possibly rest on
Scripture, or on the faith of the primitive Church, and
which, being peculiarly and vitally important to the Pa-
pacy, Rome would fain regard as Catholic : therefore, she
has put the Catholic doctrines ou the same footing as these
innovations ; and looks no higher than the Council of
Trent for giving authority and ecclesiastical sanction to all
doctrine.—Church of England Review.
A RUN UPON THE BANE.—Among the many runs upon
the bank which have been recorded, the following is perhaps
the most remarkable. The Duc de Choiseul, during the
American war, hazarded a project, which, had it been suc-
cessful, would have injured the credit of the establish-
ment, and, for a period, destroyed the energies of the
nation. Aware of the importance of this corporation to
the state, and that Great Britain owed her success in war
partially to the bank, he conceived the idea of using all
the efforts of France to destroy the power of the company,
trusting,that a triumphal close of the contest between the
two countries might be produced. Some millions of
livres added to the zeal of the French emissaries, who dis-
covered a period when the bullion was somewhat low, and
spread reports calculated to injure the reputation of the
corporation. Collecting all the notes which they could
possibly procure, they poured them into the bank, and
carried away the gold with a parade which attracted the
attention it sought. The old cry arose of a run upon the
bank, and in a few hours the whole city wo in motion.
volumes of paper were presented and gold received in ex-
change. The consternation of the directers was in pro-
portion to the suddenness of the attack. The alarm, far
from being quieted, became every day more general.
Post chaises poured in from the provinceg." The applica-
tion for specie became more urgent. There was no mode
of judging to what extent an attempt so unprecedented
and
unexpected might be carried. The efforts of the na-
tional enemy seemed prospering, and for some days Eng-
land appeared to be on the brin of the greatest evil which
could happen. Time was necessary to collect specie, and
people were employed day and night to coin money. All
the gold which by any stratagem could be gathered was
brought into the bank. The method of paying by weight
was discontinued ; the sums claimed were delivered with
greater deliberation ; and the money placed guinea by
guinea upon the ta'Jle. For nine days this fever conti-
nued, but the method adopted by the directors, with con-
current
circumstances, gave time for the production of a
large supply of gold. All the demands were met ; the
claimants, finding there was no cause for doubt, resumed
their confidence in the bank, and the scheme of the Duc
ileChoinul prof ed ineffectual.—HiBt.qf Bank qf England.