The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1841-01-26 00:00:00

amount which, taking these
would calculate upon.

'ade of the country, it is
well known, is insured at Hamburg and other conti-
nental towns. Nearly the whole of our German and
Baltic trade, and a considerable portion of our colonial

as his data, a financ

eat portion of the

trade; find underwriters in these towns. Our import!

from and our exports to the United States are almost
exclusively insured in New York, thus evading the

payment not only of the usual policy duty, but avoid-
ing, at the same time, the necessity of having a stamped
bill of lading for every shipment. The merchant of
large capital, whose operations are not confined to ca-
sual adventures, but consist of regular periodical ship-
ments, effects the same saving by becoming his own
insurer. But to the merchant of humbler means nei-
ther of these alternatives are open.

BUt let us come to the operation of these duties upon
the interests of the shipowner, or, more properly speak-
ing to the effect produced up.= these interests by the
practice of insuring abroad, in order to evade them.
It is well known, to Commercial readers at least,
that the rate of Insurance in all cases depends upon
the class of the vessel in which the merchandise to be
insured is shipped, and in many instances upon the
ability of the Captain, the description of the crew on
board, and the circumstances of the vessel being well
or ill found in stores; with other circumstances which
can only be known to those acquainted with the parties
or with the vessel in question. In the case then of
merchandize shipped on board a British vessel, and in-
sured by foreign underwriters, any particular claims—
other than those of her mere class—which such vessel
may ;have, to the confidence of insurers, is necessarily
overlooked ; and hence the encouragement, which a
liberal and spirited shipowner would otherwise have,
to provide for efficiency in every department of his
vessel is, in part at least, taken away. But. is it not
natural also, that in the case of vessels belonging to a
nation enjoying a treaty of reciprocity with Great
Britain, the preference pro rata as regards Insurance,
should be ;given to the foreign over the British flag ?
We are inclined to believe that this is the case. A
vessel belonging to Hamburg or New York will, we
believe, 'be insured in their respective ports—other
advantages being equal—on lower terms than a British
vessel; and the shipping of foreign statesl is thus fur-
nished with an additional source of strength in the
race of competition with the British Marine.

To add, however, to the encouragement thus afforded
to the foreign shipowner, it must be borne in mind,
that with respect to some portion of our commerce at
least, the system of insuring abroad operates almost as
a pOsitive disability against British shipping. In our
transactions with the United States, in particular, it is
the practice of Merchants to open floating policies of
Insurance, to cover the amount of all merchandize
shipped for a definite period, in consideration of some
fixed average rate of Insurance. In such policies, as
a matter of course is specified the class of vessels to
which that rate applies; and generally, we believe,
those vessels are stipulated to be American ; for we are
much mistaken in our estimate of American vanity if
such policies upon their own ships are not effected upon
more favourable terms than they could be upon British
ships. To enable the shipping to the United States
therefore to avail themselves of the advantages thus
contracted for, American vessels alone must be select-
ed for their shipments, except occasionally, in parti-
cular seasons, when a British transient ship may
perhaps be favoured at a very low freight, with a few
bales of coarse merchandize, or a cargo of trivial value--
coals or salt—in the nature of ballast.

As a proof of this position let any of our shipowners
put up, in Liverpool, for loading to any American
port, a first class British ship of unexceptionable
character, in opposition to an American vessel of
similar class : and thus ascertain what his chance will
be of securing a paying cargo. Exclusive of what he
may get for his passengers' berths, we venture to say,
that of cargo he will not be able to secure more than
will pay his port charges, and the wages of his crew.
We are far from asserting that this can be attributed
exclusively to the causes we have alleged, for we fear
that an ill-judged parsimony in the manning and out-
fitting of a portion of our commercial marine, has
some connexion with the disinclination of merchants to
ship valuable cargoes on board British vessels, espe-
cially when speed of transit is' an object ; but we have
very little hesitation in expressing our belief, that a
portion at least of the disinclination in question, springs
from the circumstance of the parties having fresh In-
surances to effect in England upon Merchandize so
shipped, and which is consequently not embraced by
the terms of their existing policies.
In fine then, our objections to the continuance of
these duties are,-Ist. That they press unequally upon
different classes of Merchants, and in every instance
to the disadvantage of the Merchant of small capital,
as compared with his wealthy rival.-2ndly, That from
the circumstance of their being evaded by the great
bulk of our foreign trade, they are almost unproduc-
tive to the Revenue, and-3rdly, That they are highly
prejudicial to the interests of the shipowners of this
country, inasmuch as they submit to the prejudiced
judgment of foreign capitalists, to decide upon the
character of our shipping ; and thus place in their
hands the power of holding up a Bonus, in the shape
of a reduced rate of Insurance, in favour of the em-
ployment by British subjects of the Merchant Navy
of other and rival nations.

We must confess, that in offering the few remarks
which we have lately hazarded upon the subject of a
revision of our present system of taxation, we have
little hope of immediate benefit as the result. From
the present ministry we have decidedly none; and any
future one we fear will, in the first outset of its career,
find sufficient employment in repairing the dilapida-
tions, and providing for the surplus expenditure en-
tailed upon them by their predecessors. Still, we do
trust that no long period of time will be allowed to
elapse, before an enquiry into the system, with a view
to ascertain its working and pressure, will be under-
taken in a candid and impartial spirit by the legislature;
and in the mean time we would strongly urge upon
the Mercantile community to be prepared to put in
their claim to relief, in a distinct and intelligible shape,
and with this object to bring at once the weight of
their experience and extended information to bear
upon the subject.

On Saturday evening last the Popish Repealers of
Liverpool had a gathering at their usual place of ren-
dezvous, the Queen's Theatre, vhere a "public dinner"
was given to Mr. John O'Connell. Among the nota-
bles who attended this " public demonstration "we
look in vain for the name of a single individual of any
standing in the town.
,The chairman on the occasion
was a Mr. George Sherlock, who was supported by the
illustrious guest, Father Wilcox, Mr. M`Carron, and
Mr. Hugh Bullen. In addition to these there were
three Popish priests, and a small sprinkling of middle
class tradesmen—importers of " murphies," eggs, and
bacon. The rest were composed of a motley assemblage
of " hereditary hodmen," pig-drivers, and peripatetic
oyster-mongers. The speechifying on the occasion was
just what might have been expected in such select so-
ciety. The first toast that was responded to was that
of " Her Majesty's Ministers,"—a very dubious sort
of compliment, certainly, to our Whig-Radical admini
stration. A red hot Repealer, of • the cognomen o
Smythe, undertook the task of thanking the audience
for the enthusiastic manner in which the health of Lord
Melbourne and his associates had been drunk. He
waxed quite eloquent in the course of his eulogium on
the policy of the ministry. According to Mr. Smythe's
estimate they are " infinitely better than the govern-
ments of former times"—they are prepared to give
" justice to Ireland"—they are the friends of educa-
tion—and the decided advocates of civil and religious
liberty. These extravagantly exaggerated compliments
to the ministry from a professed repealer we should
consider any thing but complimentary. We wish
Lord Melbourne joy in his new allies.
After lavishing his praises upon the present ministry,
Mr. Smythe indulged in a strain of unmeasured abuse

of Lord Stanley and his registration bill: In the course
of his diatribe he said that "if there were one thousand
fraudulent electors to be found throughout Ireland—
if he thought there were as many fraudulent electors to
be found throughout the whole country as were to be
found in Liverpool—he would join Lord Stanley."
Has ,this insolent libeller of the electors of Liverpool
read any portion of the evidence laid before the House
of Commons on the subject of the Irish registries ? If
he has, we do not know of any epithet too strong to

characterise his reckless disregard of truth. If he has
not, we beg to inform him that hundreds of the most
respectable and trustworthy witnesses have proved on
oath the existence of unparalleled fraud in Ireland.
We recommend him to peruse the testimony of these
creditable witnesses. This will save him from again
making such a fool of himself as he is reported to have

done.on Saturday evening

Mr. Bullen's part in the farce of Saturday evening
was that of responding to the atheistical toast of "The
People, the true source of legitimate power." We
wonder that even a Roman Catholic priest should sit

quietly when such a blasphemous toast as this wa
proposed.

Mr. John O'Connell next figured on the stage. his

speech was a mere re-hash of the vulgar declarnations

of his father, diveited of their usual quantum of abuse
of the " Satanic Saxons." Repeal formed the staple
of Master John's oratory. He took occasion to re-
mark that " the reformers of England were honest
men, and he expected every honest man would soon be
a repealer." We suppose that the converse of this
must hold true. If so, every reformer that is not a

repealer must be a dishonest man. According to this
dictum the editors of the Morning Chronicle and the
Globe must be superlatively dishonest.
We have frequently said that the object of the Re-
pealers is a treasonable one. They wish to dismember
the empire by asserting the independence of Ireland•
Mr. John O'Connell has distinctly proved that this is
the secret aim of the Repealers. He endeavoured to
show the absurdity of permitting the British Parlia-
ment to legislate for Ireland by asking whether any
honest Englishman would like to be governed'by a
Parliament sitting in France ? What was the object
of this comparison, unless it was intended to show
that Ireland ought to be as independent of England as
England is of France ? The treasonable designs of

the Repealers may also be inferred from the significant
manner in. which Mr. John O'Connell asked " what
would be the consequence supposing England desired

to go to war and Ireland did not ? Why should Ire-
land go to war if she did not wish it ? Why should
Ireland pay for the expences of a war, or send her

sons to assist in a war, of which she does not ap-
prove ?" There is only one inference to be drawn
from these queries. It is as clear as noon-day that
the repealers wish to sever Ireland from England.

One of the concluding expressions of Mr. John O'Con-
nell is still more conclusive on this point. He said
that " Ireland had a vow, a vow before high Heaven,
that she would accomplish her independence." This
asseveration was greeted with loud and continued
cheers. Are the people of England prepared for such
an extremity ? Are the ministry prepared to deal
honestly with this repeal agitation ?
We learn that Mr. John O'Connell " had arranged
to meet a few of his friends on Sunday afternoon, at
Mr. Bickersteth's, Christian-street, for a friendly con-
versation on public affairs, and afterwards to drink tea
together." In accordance with this arrangement
nearly one thousand persons assembled in the street,
opposite the above house, in the course of Sunday
afternoon. It was then deemed advisable to open the
doors of the Queen's Theatre and admit the people.
This being done, Mr. John O'Connell addressed the
crowd on public topics. This is the way in which the
Papists desecrate the Sabbath. Popery is everywhere
the same. Whether on the continent or in Ireland, it
pays. no regard whatever to the sanctity of the Sab-
bath : but it is rather a startling novelty to introduce
these Sunday political displays in one of the most en-
lightened towns in England. Where were the police
on the occasion ? Why did they not interfere to pre-
vent this flagrant outrage upon the feelings of a Pro-
testant people ? Their right to interfere cannot be
doubted for a moment. Mr. John O'Connell is not a
licensed dissenting teacher, nor is the Queen's Theatre
licensed for Sabbath orations on any topic whatever.
The whole proceeding was clearly illegal, and ought to
have been promptly suppressed.

LOCAL NEWS

Lady Stanley and her infant .son are both going on very
favourably.

The Earl of Derby, we understand, is enjoying most ex-
cellent bodily health, and contemplates going to town from
Knowsley the first week in March.

Lord Eglinton's celebrated dog Waterloo passed through
Liverpool last week, on his way to Ashdown Park, to run
his match against Mr. Goodlake's Gracchus.
NEW SHERIFF.—We learn that Sir Thomas Bernard
Birch, Bart. of the Hazles, near Prescot, has been appointed
to the office of high sheriff of this county for the current
year, and that he has nominated William Rowson, Esq. of
Prescot, to be his deputy.

RELIEF OF THE POOR AT KIREDALE.—In consequence
of the successful appeal made by the Rev. D. James to his
congregation on the 17th instant, in behalf of the suffering
poor in the township of Kirkdale, the minister and church-
wardens have been enabled to distribute, in the course of
last week, not less than 56 pairs of large-sized blankets, and
250 yards of flannel, besides provisions to a large amount.
TAXATION AND WHIG ECONOMY.—The public may now
be assured that a great reduction in taxation is about to take
place, as the treasury has sent down an order, directing that
the pens used in the courts of law shall be forwarded to the
treasury, in order that they may be disposed of for the public
benefit.

• PROFESSOR BERTINCHAMP'S LECTURES. Professor
Bertinchamp delivered the first of his course of two lectures
explanatory of his system of teaching modern languages, in
the Royal Institution, on Friday. There was a respectable
auditory, to whom the explanations of the professor seemed
to give much satisfaction. The last lecture will be delivered
on Friday.
COUNTY VOTES.—We remind our readers, who are about
purchasing copyhold or freehold property, that if the pur-
chaser is in the actual possession thereof, from the 30th of
January, he may claim to vote for members of parliament
for the county, in which the property is situate, provided it
be of the required value of 40s. freehold, or £lO copyhold.
Vide Reform Act, 2 Gul. IV., cap. 45, sec. 26.
CIRCUITS OF HER MAJESTY'S JUDGES, APPOINTED
THIS DAY IN THE QUEEN'S BENCH.—Home—Lord Chief
Justice Denman and Baron Parke. Norfolk—Lord Chief
Justice Tindal and Justice Bosanquet. Midland—Lord
Chief Baron Abinger and Justice PattisOn. Oxford—Baron
Gurney and Justice Coleridge. Western—Justice Erskine
and Baron Rolfe. Northern—Justice Maule. Mr. Justice
Littledale has tendered his resignation, which has been ac-
cepted, but his learned successor has not yet been appointed;
the Solicitor-General is talked of. Judge at Chambers—
Baron Alderson.—Globe of Thursday.

THE PUBLICAN'S PRELLOGATIVE.—A case has lately been
decided in which a piano-forte maker appeared as complain-
ant, against the landlord of a public-house. The complain-
ant, at a late hour, came shabbily dressed, and insisted upon
being admitted to the parlour of the house of the defendant,
who resisted, offering him refreshment. in the tap-room,
where there was a good fire. Complainant created a disturb-
ance. The magistrate said—" There has not been any offence
committed but in what the complainant has brought upon
himself. He might as well have insisted upon going into any
other room where the landlord might have kept his property.
It is a gross error to suppose any one can go to any room in
a public-house he may please against the will of the landlord.
He must go into that which the landlord chooses, or leave
the house."

THEFT FROM A SHOP.—On Friday, at the Police-court,
Richard Houghton, a young man was charged with stealing a
pair of boots from a shop in Lord-street. Market constable
M`Guire, was passing along between six and seven o'clock
on Monday night,. when he heard a cry of" Stop thief !" and
apprehended the prisoner, with the boots in his possession,
at the top of a yard, to which he had run for concealment.
The property was identified, and the prisoner was committed
to gaol for three months.
COMMITMENT.-At the Police-court, on Friday, a young
woman named Mary Bee, was charged with stealing a cheese
from Mr. Gilbank's shop, No. 259, Scotland-road. On
Thursday eVeninbn'''the prisoner went -into the shop to make
some small purchase, and was observed to take up a cheese
(weighing 321 b.) which she put under her cloak. On being
questioned she said " Is not this the shop where 1 was to
call for a cheese ?" She said in court, that a female had
employed her to bring it, saying it was her's, and that she
had promised her a gill of ale to do so. She was committed
for trial at the sessions.

DEATH FROM WANT OF THE NECESSARMS OF LIFE.
—An inquisition was taken on Friday before P. F. Curry,
Esq., coroner, on view of the body of Catharine Connelly.
The deceased, who was a widow, and her mother, Mary Han-
skin, a poor, old, infirm, and blind woman, lodged in a room
in Midghall-street. They went out every day, and the per-
son who kept the house went into the room one day, and
observed that they had no bed to lie on, and only a few crusts
to eat. They lay on the floor with only a cloak to cover
them. On Monday the deceased went out (probably to beg)
and there being snow, she caught cold, and was taken ill on
the night of that day. A doctor was sent for, but she was
beyond all chance of recovery when he arrived, and died on
Wednesday. The coroner's jury required a post mortem ex-
amination to be made, and the inquest was accordingly ad-
journed to Saturday, when, it having been ascertained that
the deceased died of consumption, a verdict was returned to
the effect that her death was natural. The mother of the de,.
ceased was strongly urged to go to the workhouse, but seemed
inclined rather to starve than become an inmate of that asylum.
THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CIIURCH.—The total number of
Roman Catholic chapels in England and Wales is 474 ; in
Scotland, 66 ; besides stations where service is performed.
The number of colleges in England is nine, namely, St. Ed-
mund's, Hertfordshire; St. Mary's, Staffordshire ; St. Pe-
ter's, St. Paul's, and St. Gregory's, Somersetshire ; Ushaw,
Durham ,• Stonyhurst, Lancashire; St. Lawrences, York-
shire; and German, Worcestershire; one in Scotland, namely,
St. Mary's, Blairs. Of convents the number is nineteen, of
which four are in the London district, in the central five,
Lancashire, one, Yorkshire two ; northern one, western five,
Scotland 'one. The total number of missionary priests in
England is 542; in the London district, 106; central, 110.;
eastern, 31; ; western, 58 ; Lancashire, 124 ; Yorkshire, 59 ;
n, 54 : Wales, 19 ; Scotland, eastern district, 21 ;
western,
total, 642.
33 ; and northern, 27. Total in Scotland, 81 ; grand

EXTRAORDINARY SPEED, EQUALLED ONLY BY STEAM.
—lt has seldom been our lot to record so unprecedented a
series of short voyages as those performed by the barque
Columbus, Captain D. Green, belonging to Messrs. M'Cal-
mont Brothers and Co. and which arrived at this port, from
Pernambuco, on Saturday last. We understand that, not-
withstanding she has had to contend against a great deal of
stormy and adverse winds, she has completed four voyages,
out aid home, in little more than twelve mouths. Her last
voyage, out and home, was performed in seventy-five days!

ACCIDENT IN A COTTON SITED.—On Saturday last Daniel
Ford, a porter in the employ of Messrs. Leech, Harrison, and

Co. merchants, met wiih a serious accident in a shed, near
be Prince's-dock. fie was in the act of trucking a bale of
cotton to the door wben a large pile of cotton fell upon him,
breaking his right arm, one of his legs, and dislocating one
of his hips. He was promptly, removed to the Northern
hospital, and it was found necessary to amputate his right
arm. The poor fellow lies, as might be expected, in a pre-
carious state.

FIRE IN BYROM-STREET.—Sunday evening, about half-
past five o'clock, a fire was discovered on the premises of Mr.
Gillhatn, hatter, Byrom-street. Information was given to
police-officer 243, who immediately called one of Mr. Gill-
ham's assistants to the spot and despatched intelligence to
the fire-police station. The officer then broke open the door,
and found the second floor in a blaze, which had been com-
municated by some burning materials which had passed down
the flue from the next house. 'Mr. Whitty and Mr. Hewitt
were quickly on the spot, but the fire had been completely
subdued by the police-officers before the arrival of the en-
gines. Some trifling damage was done to the stock and pre-
mises.

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY.—The examination for the ho-
nours at the Bachelor of Arts' commencement took place on
Thursday last. The number of candidates for distindtion
was 145, but only 117 went into the Senate-house Mr.
Stokes, of Pembroke College, was the senior wrangler, Mr.
Jones, of Trinity, second, Mr. Sykes, of Pembroke, third,
Mr. Ragland, of Corpus, fourth, Mr. Boultbee, of John's,
Mr. Swainson, of Trinity, sixth, &c. The Lancashire
men stood high on the list of honours. Mr. Jones is the son
of the Rev. Mr. Jones, of Newchurch, Winwick • Mr. Rag-
land is nephew of Chas. Birch, Esq., Mr. Boultbee, nephew
of James Pownall, Esq.' and Mr. Swainson, son of Anthony
Swainson, Esq., all of Liverpool. Mr. S. was educated at
the Royal Institution Schools.

OBTAINING GOODS UNDER FALSE PRETENCES.—Andrew
Telford was placed before Mr. Rushton, on Saturday, charged
with having obtained certain articles of wearing apparel from
Ann Kerr, under pretence that they were for her husband,
who is a prisoner in the Borough (4aol. Between two and
three o'clock on Tuesday last the prisoner called upon Mrs.
Kerr, and told her, that the gaoler had sent for a pair of
worsted stockings, a silk handkerchief, and a sheet of paper
for Andrew Kerr. .She gave him what he asked for, and he
took them away. Next day Mrs. Kerr went to the gaol,
when she learned that the prisoner had not been sent for any
thing. He was immediately apprehended. It appeared that
lie was discharged from gaol on the 19th instant. He had
pawned the stockings at Messrs. Medder and Syred's, in
Oldhall-street. He was committed for trial.
HOLYWELL, FLINTSIIIRE.—Mr. David Pennant has con-
tributed the liberal sum of £lOOO for the completion of
Bagillt Chapel (towards the erection of which the Downing
family had already subscribed £600), and for the purpose of
forming a permanent addition to the, ipadequate income of
the vicars of Holywell. He has also given an acre of .valu-
able land for the site of the chapel.

TESTIMONIAL TO MR. BRINDLEY.—A number of the
inhabitants of Bristol, who are well acquainted with the
sacrifices Mr. J. Brindley has made, in order that he might
devote himself to counteract the progress of Socialism, have
resolved to raise a pUblie subscription as a tribute of their
respect, and of their gratitude for his most able and effective
exertions in the advocacy of Christian truth against the in-
fidel principles and moral pollution of Socialism. By the
last accounts which we have received, upwards of £lBO were
speedily subscribed.

SPOTS ON THE SUN.—For some time past the spots on
the sun's disc have been numerous, and occasionally very
large. At present there are two or three of considerable
size, besides some clusters of small ones. About a week
ago one disappeared at the west limb, which had been ob-
served during two revolutions of the sun on its axis ; but its
size had considerably diminished between its first and second
appearance. When first observed, it was of an oval form,
and its longest diameter about 27,000 miles ' • but, on its
second appearance, was reduced to 14,000, and had become
nearly circular. Two of those at present visible are about
the size of the earth. They may be distinctly seen with an
ordinary telescope and dark glass.
SQUINTING.-A squinting person will soon be a rarity,
Mr. Atkinson having effected, in every case submitted to his
care, a perfect cure. We are given to understand that the
operation is very simple, and almost without pain, besides
being certain.
Roscost's WANDERINGS IN WALES.—This very excellent
and beautiful work is now publishing in parts. This will be
very acceptable to all those who cannot purchase the work
entire. " Roscoe's Wales" is a book that will endure to all
time.

BATHS.—We beg to draw the attention of our readers,
and especially those who are invalids; to Mr. Bird's announce-
ment of his baths. For convenience and comfort they are
unequalled by any of a similar description. The great bene-
fits derived from shampooing makes this description of bath
in much request.
THE MODEL OF THE LAKES.—We are glad to find, upon
inquiry, that the model of the lakes, by Mr. Flintoff, is at-
tracting many visitors, who all express much admiration on
inspecting it. It is one of those exhibitions which most for-
cibly show human skill and patience.
THE CARACCI PICTURES.—We regret to peipeive that
these pictures will be removed from Liverpool on the sth of
next month. The interest excited in them appears, instead
of abating, to be increased.

LINER THEATRE.-IVlrs. Raymond's benefit was a com-
plete bumper last night. The house, it is expected, will be
as full to-night. The performances went off with the great-
est éclat, and appeared to give general satisfaction.
THE AMPHITHEATRE.—MR. EGERTON'S BENEFIT.—
This theatre continues to attract good audiences. On Mon-
day next Mr. Egerton will take his benefit, when "Mazeppa,
or the Wild Horse of the Desert," will be produced; with
" Cherry and Fair Star," from the fairy tale. Mr. Eger-
ton's unceasing endeavours to provide entertainment for the
public, and his wish to give satisfaction, besides his liberal
outlay of capital, give him a strong claim upon the public,
and we trust all his friends will do their utmost to fill the
house for him, and give him a bumper, not only to the brim,
but overflowing. The " War in Syria" continues to draw.
Mr. Weston's Kangaroo excites much laughter; it would be
still more droll if he would stick to the text.
SUBSCRIPTION CONCERT.—The last concert of the season
will take place this evening, at the Theatre-Royal. The se
lection is, if anything, an improvement upon the last. The
demand for tickets is, we believe, unusually great : it may,
therefore, be expected to be extremely well attended.
COLLECTION FOR THE POOR.-013 Sunday morning last,
nearly £l6 was collected at St. David's Church, for the pur-
pose of aiding the humane and charitable efforts, which are
now being made, towards alleviating the distresses of the
poor during this inclement season. The collection was made
without any previous notice.
FINE ARTS.—We beg to draw attention to the announce-
ment of Mr. James Ward, relating to his collection of very
fine pictures. We intend to notice them fully in our next.
THE OXFORD MEMORIAL.--A supplement of the Oxford
Herald, to be published on Saturday next, has been for-
warded to us. It contains a beautiful wood engraving of
the memorial about to be erected to'commemorate the mar-
tyrdom of Archbishop Cranmer, Bishop Latimer, and Rid-
ley, near the spot where they were called upon to yield their
lives in defence of scriptural truth. A complete list of the
subscribers accompanies the engraving. We recommend
any of our friends who are wishful to procure a copy of this
supplement, to forward their names to the office of the He-
rald, with a remittance enclosed.
COMMITMENT TO THE SESSlONS.—yesterday, at the
police court, a woman named Mary M'Dermott, was com-
mitted for trial at the sessions, on a charge of having, on
Saturday, stolen a piece of pork from the standing in St.
John's Market, of William Pennell, dealer in pork, &c.,
Highfield-street.

CAurioN.---On Saturday as a youth about ten years of
age was on his way from Low-hill to Fairfield, with a basket
containing some necessaries for which he had been sent, he
was met by a lad apparently about fourteen years old, who,
after some talk he allowed to carry on the basket. After
carrying it a short distance the fellow pretended to have
dropped a shilling into the basket, although it was a covered
one. Of course the lost treasure had to be searched for, and
during the investigation the fellow contrived to transfer some
coffee, tea, and soap into his own pocket, with which he got
clear away. There is no doubt but this system of robbing is
extensively practised upon children sent on errands, but we
trust after this notice, that parents and others will guard
against it.
ry

SHAMEFUL CONDUCT OF TWO BAILIFFS.—Yesterday,
at the police court, two bailiffs, James Bittle and Edward
Smitten, were placed at the bar, charged with having carried
off two beds, from a house, without just cause or authority.
Miss Clarke, a member of the Society of Friends, and
keeper of a lodging-house in Newman-street, said, that
wishing to get rid of an unruly lodger, she called in the two
bailiffs to eject him. They did so, and afterwards took away
a bed from the room that had been occupied by the lodger.
In a short time afterwards, they came again and carried off
another bed from the room of another lodger, which they
had no authority to enter. She told them the beds were her
own property, and wished to know why they took them.
They replied that the taking of them was a mere form of.
law, and that she might have them returned on payment of
one or two shillings, by going to Silbowden's, auctioneer,
Tithebarn-street, where they had been taken to. The pri-
soners stated that the complainant had authorised them to
take the beds in security for the payment of the expenses.
This the complainant denied, .and affirmed that she had paid
them the whole of their demand. Silbowden, in whose
employ the defendants were, was asked by the magistrates
what he had to say in reference to the charge. He replied
by handing in two distress warrants, which, it appeared, the
men had induced the complainant to sign to cover their ex-
penses. The complainant admitted that she had signed two
papers, having been persuaded to do so, but she did not
know what they were. Mr. Rushton said that no doubt a
very gross imposition had been practised upon her; but it
was committed under a form of law, and he regretted that
the offenders were not legally amenable. Had it been other-
wise he would have sent them for trial at the sessions. On
the prisoners being dischaiged, he ordesed Silbowden to
deliver up the beds to the complainant, without any charge,
an intimation which he appeared reluctant to attend to. He
was told that if he did not, and that promptly, means would
be adopted to compel him. The parties then left the court.

MIDLAND COUNTIES RAILWAY.—We are glad to be
able to correct an exaggerated statement of an accident on
this Railway, which has gone the round of the London
papers. The facts are, that a part of the facing wall of a
one arched bridge over the Railway fell down, owing to an
accumulation of water from wet sand behind it, one line of
road was stopped for a few hours, while the earth and brick-
work was removed; and in consequence of the highest flood
since 1795, about thirty yards of embankment, three feet
high, opposite the Loughborough station, was washed from
under the blocks, and stopped the road from midnight till
eleven the next day, when one line was restored, and both
before night.

SUDDEN DEATIL—On Friday an inquest was held on the
body of Mr. Thomas Bennison. The deceased, who lived in
Gill-street, retired to bed on the night of Wednesday, about
eleven o'clock, and his servant also went to bed soon after.
Shortly after twelve the latter was called up by Mr. Benni-
son, who desired her to get him some water ; she did so, and
the deceased, after taking some brandy and water, went to
bed again. She was again called up by the deceased, who re-
quested her to go to Camden-street, for Dr. Blackburn ; on
her return she found the deceased in the parlour dressed,
lying on the sofa, quite dead. Mr. Thomas Blackburn, sur-
geon, stated that the deceased was a patient of his, labouring
under a disease of the heart. He was called to him at an
early hour on Thursday morning, and found shim dead.
Although his death was sudden, it did not surprise him, con-
sidering the nature of his malady. Verdict accordingly.
Mr. Bennison was a surveyor in considerable practice, and
published some years ago, a map of Liverpool and its En-
vi,ons, which is remarkable for its size and accuracy.
BILL SWINDLING EXTRAORDINARY.—A most extensive
system of fraud has lately been detected in London, by which
the public has been robbed to the amount of nearly £20,000,
by means of forged and fictitious bills, and accommoda-
tion" paper. The guilty parties were ostensibly wine-mer-
chants, and, through the instrumentality of their agent at
Liverpool, they have contrived to let in several of the banks
there for heavy sums. The head of the gang has absconded,
to avoid the penalties of the law, and is now residing on the
continent. Another of the confederates has had recourse to
the bankruptcy court, in hopes of freeing himself limn his
engagements. His liabilities are £13,000, and his assets nil.
The Liverpool agent is also made a bankrupt, but he cuts.a
much more respectable figure than his masters, as he shows
assets equal to 3s. in the pound on his debts of £12,000 to
£15,000. The names are withheld at present, as it might de-
feat the ends of justice.

WRITING IN SUNDAY SCHOOLS.—The trustees of the
Wesleyan Methodist Sunday School, Oldham, have discon-
tinued the teaching of writing on Sundays in that school.

IMPORTANT TO MARINERS.—SAND BANK DISCOVERED
-It will be seen on referring to our Liverpool letter of thi
day, under the head of " Shipping," that Captain Sprotile
of the Circassian, is stated to have seen a sand bank nude
water, but just visible, in the hollow of the sea, in lat. 1. S.
long. 19. W., which makes it in the direct tract of vessel

bound homeward from St. Helena, l-lorsgargi; makes
no mention in his directory of any bank having been seen
here, and it is more than probable that vessels have sailed
immediately over it. No coloured water has, that we are

aware of, ever been seen near here ; and, if it were not for
the difference of two degrees in longitude between this sup-
posed bank and that of Vigia, it might be concluded that it
must have been the latter. As there can now, however, be
but little doubt, if the latitude and longitude given be cor-
rect, that such a bank does exist, it is highly important that
the Government should take some steps in this matter, and
that captains of vessels bound to the East Indies should en-
deavour to corroborate it for the safety of mariners.—Globe.

SUGGESTED IMPROVEMENTS IN' THE AMERICAN LAWS
FOR TILE REGULATION OF IMPORTS.—The New York
Journal of Commerce contains a letter signed " A Merchant,"
commenting on some suggested improvements submitted for
the consideration of the coming administration by a former
correspondent. The writer approves of the suggestion, that
compensation shall be made to the superintending officers
by adequate salaries, instead of permitting such officers to
take fees or remunerate themselves ,in any other way. He
also advances many arguments to shew the necessity of acting
on a second suggestion, which is for a repeal of the law
which gives one-half of the forfeitures to the collector, naval
officer, and surveyor, those officers being, as the law is con-
strued at the New York customrhouse, greatly interested in
effecting forfeitures. The numerous evils arising out of this
regulation are very forcibly depicted by the merchant. The
writer suggests, that the three principal appraisers remain
with increased salaries and power to employ as many assist-
ants as they may deem necessary. They should have power
to tali in the aid of others when they have no doubt about
their own judgment, and, when they have satisfied them-
selves as to the correctness of their appraisements, then du-
ties should be charged accordingly. if the importer considers
their appraisement too high, the appraisers might take the
goods at the importer's prices, giving him ten per cent. or
five per cent., or any other per tentage that the appraisers
deemed just, in addition to the invoice value of his goods,
to sell the same .n account of the government, the duty being
charged on them according to the appraisement of the public
appraisers.- A short practice, in this way, the merchant says,
would soon bring both parties to a tolerably accurate value of
the goods.

FICTITIOUS BEGGING PETITIONS.—At the Police-court,
on Friday, two men, named James Johnson and John Smith,
were placed at the bar on a charge.of obtaining money by
means of the frequent trick of a written but fictitious repre-
sentation or petition. In this instance the tale of distress
purported to be signed by Mr. Davenport, attorney, but was
a forgery. One of the prisoners, an old offender, had been
relieved by Mr. Musgrove, shopkeeper, several times, and.
had brought the other prisoner to him, representing him as
a stranger in great distress. Mr. Musgrove. afterwards saw
the prisoners and another man together in Mill-street, and
finding he had been imposed upon, informed the police, and
the prisoners were apprehended. They were committed to
gaol for three months.

A NEW TRICK IN TRADE.—As a clever contrivance ought
not always to remain a secret, it may be well to publish the
following mode of obtaining labour very cheaply indeed. The
plan is, to engage a shop assistant, agree upon terms, &c.,
in a liberal way, but to stipulate for one month's services,
without salary, as a trial; then, at the end of the month, to
find a little fault, or pick a quarrel and part. In this way
twenty assistants may be had in as many months, without
paying any wages whatever ; and if this is not cheap labour
we know not what is. When we think of the rapacity which
originates this robbery of the industrious, and the deferred
hopes, and heart-breaking disappointments to which it leads,
the utmost indignation of the public seems too gentle a punish-
ment for the unprincipled perpetrators of such a system. Our
brother editors should notice this, as a caution to applicants
for situations. Employers ought to have characters as well
as servants.—Albion.

ANCIENT AIRS OF IRELAND-A work of Mr. Bunting
is now publishing in London, being a general collection of
the national Irish Airs. ur Cotemporaries speak most
highly of this work. The melodies of Ireland are dear to
every lover of sweet sounds : they " melt us as we sing them.',
REPEAL OF THE UNION.-A dinner was given in the
Queen's Theatre, Christian-street, on Saturday night to Mr.
John O'Connell, the member for Athlone, by an association
in this town established for the purpose of adding its mite
to the traitorous agitation for a repeal of the union. Having
received a ticket inviting us •to be present, we went there,
but only to hear drowsy speeches without argument from
persons whom nobody knows, and to witness the entire
failure of what was intended to be a powerful demonstration.
About 200 persons dined. Many more could have been ac-
commodated, but from the total absence of anything like in-
terest or excitement upon the question, here, no more, not
even including the Protectors, could be prevailed on to at-
tend. Mr. George Sherlock presided, and the meeting was
addressed by him, by Mr. John O'Connell, Mr. Smythe,
Mr. Duffle, Mr. Pugilist Langan, the Rev. Father Wilcox,
and others. There was nothing remarkable in the speech of
the great, or physically speaking, the little gun of the even-
ing, which has not been repeated ad nauseam by the tail over
and over again ; whilst Father Wilcox laboured at nothing
so hard as to prove that his church, of course eulogising its
love of civil and religious liberty, had never been a persecu-
ting church. The other orators were mere personifications
of dulness and egotism. We had, notwithstanding our opi-
nion of them, prepared a tolerably long report of the proceed-
ings, but it is withdrawn to make room for the important
appeal case tried at Kirkdale yesterday, and the interesting
proceedings at the Tradesmen's Conservative Association last
night.—The following paragraph is from the Albion of yes-
terday. It will be seen that this young joint of the Irish
tail acts on the principle of the better day the better deed.—

" Mr. O'Connell had, we understand, arranged to meet a
few of his friends yesterday afternoon, at Mr. Bickerstaff's,
Christian-street, for a friendly conversation on public affairs,
and afterwards to drink tea together. The appointment got
wind, and in the course of the afternoon, nearly one thousand
persons had assembled in the street opposite the house. As
thearowd did not seem willing to disperse without obtaining
a-sight of Mr. O'Connell, it was deemed advisable to open
the doors of the Queen's Theatre and admit the people.
Mr. O'Connell then addressed the crowd on public topics ;
and at the conclusion of his speech, they quietly dispersed."

NEW CONCERT HALL IN RODNEY-STREET

We have been favoured with an inspection of the plans of
Mr. Ashton's New Concert-hall, in Rodney-street, at the
corner of Hardman-street. As the project creates some in-
terest, the following description will not prove uninteresting.
The plans arc very beautifully executed, and promise wel
for the undertaking. They are by the Messrs. Williams,
and do them infinite credit.

, In the basement are—Kitchen, which will be fitted with
every convenience for cooking dinners, cc., upon the largest
scale; Waiting-rooins for Servants, and a splendid Saloon
116 feet long, and about 20 feet wide : this will be tastefully
fitted up as a promenading-room between the acts. In this
portion of the building will be provided suitable rooms where
refreshments can be obtained.

On the next floor will be the Grand Hall, containing the
orchestra, the audience seats, and the private boxes. At the
back of the orchestra the organ will be placed. This instru-
ment, it is intended, shall be as nearly equal in size and
power, as the difference in the size of the room will admit,
to the organ at Birmingham. The front elevation of the
organ will be a beautiful specimen of the Corinthian order.
Accommodation for 300 performers will be afforded. In the
centre will be a projection for the principal performers. The
front of the orchestra will be elegantly decorated in the florid
style. This orchestra, for size and convenience, will be equal
to any in the kingdom. The body of the hail will contain
comfortable sitting room for upwards of 1,000 persons, the
side seats being elevated above the body of the hall. The
entrance to this portion of the building will be at the sides,
after passing through an extensive corridor, which we shall
presently describe. A broad aisle will run down the centre
of the building, the doors of which will be thrown open to
allow of a free, and easy egress. By this means confusion
and delay in the departure of the audiences will be prevented.
The public will be further accommodated by three tiers of
boxes or galleries, having a separate entrance from Hardman-
street. The boxes face the orchestra at the opposite end of
the building, and will- with comfort contain about 750 per-
sons. The front of these boxes will present a handsome
appearance from the body of the hall, and will be admirably
adapted for hearing. The interior will be highly conducive
to comfort.

At the entrance in Rodney-street there will be a noble
vestibule, on each side of fvhich will be waiting rooms for
ladies and gentlemen, fitted with conveniences for coats, hats,
&c.. From the vestibule we enter into the corridor, which
we have noticed previously as leafing to the doors of ingress
and egress, which will be in the centre. Thus every atten-
tion seems to have been paid to the public convenience and
comfort, and we think there can be hardly a suggestion to
be made on which an improvement can be carried out.
Underneath the orchestra will be the accommodations for
the performers—a splendid green-room for the principal
artistes, tuning-rooms for the instrumental performers, and
for the convenience of committees. These apartments will
be all appropriately fitted up.
The walls of the principal room are judiciously planned,
being without projections or indentations of any kind. The
roof will be flat, with rounded sides to the wall. The light
will be brought into the room by plate glass in the panels
and curvature of the roof, running from end to end of the
building. At night the light will be supplied by handsome
brackets projecting from the walls, thus preventing the sight
from being impeded.

. -
Having described the interior, we will now describeTthe
exterior. The elevation to Rodney-street will present a
most handsome and imposing appearance, to the extent of
GO feet. The style of the architecture will be a bold speci-
men of the Italian or composite order, with highly-finished
decorations. The side to Hardman-street will be in the same
style as the front, but less florid, nevertheless handsome and
ornamental. In this front will be the private entrance to
the orchestra, at the upper end of the building, The entrance
to the boxes will be next to Rodney-street. These entrances
are both contrived so that they can be made available for
egress from the body of the hall, so that carriages can take
up at three different doors at the same period. The length
of the hall, without the recess for the organ, will be 120 feet :
the depth of the orchestra, 30feet ; the gallery, 18feet ; body
of the hall, 70 feet; the breadth, 56 feet; the height of the
hall, 40 feet ; the basement, 11 feet.
It will thus be seen that Mr. Ashton's plans are upon the
most liberal scale, and, when completed, the building will
be an ornament to the town, and rank amongst the first of
its public edifices. The want of such a hall has long been
felt, and the repugnance experienced by many persons to
enter the walls of a theatre upon religious occasions cannot
be excited. All denominations of religious bodies can have
accommodation for their meetings in this hall. Those who
have the ability ought to support Mr. Ashton in his under-
taking. Liverpool is much indebted to him upon many
occasions, and an opportunity now occurs by which the obli-
gation may he repaid at small cost, and receiving a quid pro
quo even for any support. The Concert-hall, when esta-
blished, will be a decided gain to all who at any time enter
within its walls, and therefore the outlay will not be applied
without a return. The only thinc, now left is, to beg all
those who are at all interested in the welfare of the town and
the convenience of the public, to come forward and assist
the projector of this excellent scheme. if a liberal hand is
held out, we shall haVe afestiyal here this year ; and we need
not tell the trddesmen of Liverpool that a festival would be
a godsend at a fiat time' of the year. The tradesmen ought
to be the first to support Mr. Ashton, as they will be 'un-
doubtedly benefited by his Concert-hall being speedily com-
pleted.

• An early lamb, produced a month ago, and belonging to
Mr. Ralph Milner, Marske, was sold on Saturday week to
Mr. James Blenkiron, of Richmond, butcher, for three so-
vereigns.

The severe frosts and heavy falls of snow will prove most
beneficial to the growing crops, should no sudden and great
change of temperature take place. Throughout the north of
England the young wheats present a very promising appeaeJ
ante.

It is stated than in less than two months Steam Coaches
will run daily on the common turnpike roads between London
and Birmingham. •

The Small Pox is at present very prevalent in the hospi-
tals in London: and throughout the whole country it has
been fatal to an alarming degree.

REPLY OF DR. BUCK TO THE CHARGES PRE-
FERRED AGAINST HIM BY CAPT. WILLIAMS.

(Continued from our lasi.)

REPLY TO THE ELEVENTH CHARGE

Gentlemen,—l trust that long ETieihi;;;;li--11;;e perceived
that in dealing with testimony which has been adduced against
me, in support of any charge, I have never shunned to meet
it in its full force; I have not turned from stronger points,
and dealt only with the weaker, but have at once put myself
in. array against the strongest assertions, and have, I trust,
shown that in each and every instance crime could not be
fixed on me ; that the evidence itself clearly proved my inno-
cence, although, at a first glance, it may have appeared to
promise a contrary result. 'lt is certainly my duty, when I
meet with evidence which is not subject to the possibility of
mistake, to acknowledge its force, though that acknowledg-
ment may, for the present, weigh against toe.
In reference to an entry in my journal, dated March lith,
1840, brought as a charge against me, there can be no doubt
that the testimony of Mr. Archer, supported by that of Miss
Davies, establishes the fact that, in that particular instance,
I must have made an entry, at least erroneous ; but as I am
quite certain, (and as Mr. Archer himself suggests may have
been,) altogether the effect of unintentional mistake.
I cannot pretend to be able to recollect any of the circum-
stances which really transpired on that day, several months
having elapsed, and my attention never having been drawn to
the entry until its incorrectness was proved in evidence. You
will remember, gentlemen. Mr. Sammond's secret examina-
tion, taken by the inspector of prisons, was read to me at the
commencement of the days proceedings, at my respectful re-
monstrance against the unfairness of not letting me know the
charge which was about to be brought against me • not a word
was said of any specific error in that evidence, of Mr. Archer's
testimony, or of the entry in my journal. No means were
afforded me of looking into these, before the case was unex-
pectedly produced, clearly under the expectation that I was
in a dilemma from which it would be impossible I should
extricate myself.

Gentlemen, charges affecting moral character ought not
thus to be brought forward ; ample time ought to have been
granted to enable me to consider well the nature of the cross-
examination which I should have to conduct. This would
have been too lenient a course. A sudden, an overwhelming,
a secret blow must be inflicted. The minds of my judges
must be, if possible, set against me. This charge, contrary
to military practice, of sending out a forlorn hope before a
besieging party, must be brought forward when the main
attack having failed, and the dispersed and discomfited troops
being in disorderly retort, the advance of a corps of reserve
became needful, that the whole army might not prove a mi-
serable failure ; but to return to my defensive position,—l
cannot pretend to be able to recollect any of the circum-
stances which really transpired on that day, several months
having elapsed, and my attention never having been drawn
to the entry until its incorrectness was proved in evidence.
Whether I may have conducted a careful inquiry through the
male side of the prison, intending also at the time the entry
was made to finish an entire inspection, by also going through
the female side, the lateness of the hour, however, (for it
appears I did not leave until half-past three,) hindering my
purpose being fulfilled ; or whether in making the entry I
omitted, by pure accident, the words male side (a very com-
mon mode of expression in my journal) after the words " of
the" ; whether either of these, or any other equally unin-
tentional, error occurred, I cannot pretend to assert. The
supposition last made agrees so completely with the proper
and correct construction of the entire entry, is so essential to
the latter clause becoming intelligible, that I think you will
be quite satisfied that this single error may have arisen with-
out the slightest imputation attaching itself to me.
Observe, I beseech you, the entry as it now stands :

" March 17th, 1846.--:Visited every part of the prison
with care; was occupied a considerable time in the school."
The school, not the schools. You know there are two
schools. Had I merely passed through one, and stayed a
considerable time in the other, such an entry could not have
been made. The sex of the parties of the school required
to be expressed in the sentence, to give it intelligibility.
Now, gentlemen, do me the favour of reading the words
male side of the after the words of the

" Visited every part of the" (tnt.le side of the) " prison
with care ; was occupied a considerable time in the school."
The particular school is now defined. The phrase is now
complete—the meaning clear. It will be equally so if the
word female be used instead of male; whereas, as the entry
now stands; there is clearly an omission of words needful to
complete any sense whatever.

'I appeal to you, gentlemen, whether this explanation, in
itself perfectly natural, is not more fitting to be received by
a liberal and an upright mind, (resting the whole error of
the entry on mere mistake,) than the supposition that a
minister of religion should make a wilfully false entry, and
leave that entry open on his vestry table, subject to be
looked at by any person entering the place, his falsehood
being at once capable of immediate detection—for not only
is the journal public property, open to all, but on this one
occasion it is proved that it was actually left wide open upon
my table.

In answer to a question proposed by Captain Williams, as
to whether Mr. Archer's having looked into my journal was
not a somewhat extraordinary proceeding, Mr. Archer re-
plied,—" I did not think it an extraordinary step ; I saw the
journal lying open in the vestry."

I muse always exceedingly regret that Mr. Archer did not
at the moment bring the error under my review, when it
would of course have been rectified. I the more regret this,
as he has stated that his present unfavourable impressions of
me arise chiefly in this unexplained entry. He has himself
afforded me not only the benefit of the expression of his
belief that the entry originated in mistake, but has added a
remarkable proof how easily an error of the kind might be
committed by me. "On three different occasions," he says,
" Dr. Buck entered in the time-book Visited the hospitals
as usual,' instead of Visited the prison as usual; ' and this
in' the common entry-book, where visits to the prison only
are registered.

" It is but justice to Dr. Buck to say, that in the time-
book, after we had altered the mode of entry, he entered on
three occasions,. by mistake, Visited the hospitals,' instead
of ' the prison;' and I could only explain the entries, by
supposing similar mistakes had before occurred."
" Question by Dr. Buck.—On the terms of intimacy
which then subsisted between us, how did it happen that
Mr. Archer did not make a friendly communication to Dr.
Buck on the subject ?
" Auswer.—l should not have considered it my duty, on
every occasion, when I thought Dr. Buck not quite correct,
to tell him my itap:ession as to his conduct.

" And yet, Mr. Archer, I think you have said that thes
circumstances have shaken your confidence in my veracity ?

" And notwithstanding the importance of a good under-
standing between the senior officers of a prison, you did not
think it needful to caution me when you thought I was act-
ing wrongly ?
" No."

The cause of this backwardness in Mr. Archer to speak to
me will be fully understood, in considering Mr. Sammond's
testimony under the next charge. I need not on this point, I
apprehend, add another word. A mistake has occurred in an
entry on a particular day : the words at present employed do
not make a perfect sense : a very slight introduction, namely,
two words, male aide, which ought to occur after and before
the same words of the—words which, be it remarked,' I am in
the constant habit of employing, turns it into good sense, and
makes the entry accord with the probabilities. For no other
part of the entry has been impugned. Neither Mr. Archer
nor Miss Davies being able to fix the time in the afternoon
when the entry was seen, nor when I or Mr. Archer left the
prison.

Even supposing the entry to have really contained the me-
morandum 31, Y. m., at the time Mr. Archer saw it, this will
not alter the case ; for Mr. Archer may have seen it after
that hour; he tells you in evidence he cannot fix the time.
He thinks it must have been between twelve and four, (his
visits usually occurring between those hours) he has no other
data on which to ground his opinion.
" You having given a specific day of supposed error, will
you state the time of the day it occurred ?
" My impression is it was in the afternoon between twelve
and four. My impression was that you had left the prison,
but I cannot positively swear yoq had or had not. I have no
means of ascertaining the time I left the prison that day."
Miss Davies is equally unable to specify the time. She
says it is a mere surmise ; it may have been about three
o'clock, but she cannot tell.

To questions by Dr. Buck—" I believe it was sometime
in the afternoon of the second day when I conversed with Mr.
Archer, perhaps about three o'clock. It is a general inz-
pression on my mind I cannot fix the exact time of the day."
You will remember, gentlemen, I endeavoured to obtain
something definite on this point, but both witnesses agreed
that they could not fix the hour. Again, gentlemen, although
it is almost an invariable habit with me hi make up the Jour-
nal of one day as the first business of the following morning,
I beg to state, that it is most improbable that I should, be-
fore quitting my vestry, enter in my time of departure, be-
fore I really quitted the prison. I think I could safely swear,
that I have never done so, even on a single occasion, because
it very frequently happens, that after being prepared to de-
part, I am detained by new Matters—conservations with
offices, prisoners requesting to be visited, messages to see
the governor, either in his own house, or in the office. Many
times an hour, or much more has elapsed, between my leaving
the vestry, and departing finally from the prison. Although,
therefore, on this particular day I may have broken through
my usual habit in filling up my Journal, yet it is next to im-
possible, that I should have entered up the time of quitting
the prison ; that clearly could only be done at my following
visit. I have added these remarks, not as affecting a point
of any weighty consequence, but simply because I would not
willingly allow any part of our charge pressed against me to
remain unanswered.

This is, I believe, the Only occasion, through a long de-
fence, in which I have not been enabled to support my cause
by direct testimony ; the palpable error, however, of the
entry, and the easy and natural mode by which the difficulty
is capable of solution, will, I doubt not, lead you to an entire
conviction of my innocency of intention.
REPLY TO THIC TWELFTH CHARGE.
The next charge to which I am called upon to make a reply
may be stated in the language of Mr. Salmond, a youth of
half my age, who received an expression of your approba-
tion for the way in which he had given his evidence.
" It was the daily practice of the chaplain, when he came
to the prison, with some few exceptions, of making false en-
tries (in the time-book) as to the hours of coming and depar-
ture. It was nine times out of ten wrong."
I apprehend, gentlemen, that this is a charge of so exten-
sive, so general, so undefined a character, that no man living,
being thus accused, could defend himself directly against it.
It is a charge which, if allowed to appear for a moment on
the table of a judge, I am fully convinced he would dismiss
as unworthy of consideration, unless the evidence to be pro-
duced in its support appeared sufficient, clearly, and dis-
tinctly, to establish several, nay many, specific instances of
transgression ; and even then, the libel would have to be
amended, specification being essential to the first principles
of justice.

It is a sweeping charge, which would not for a moment
stand in a public investigation ; it may have a momentary
existence with a secret tribunal; but no English Court of
Law would admit such a libel.

Now, gentlemen, you must be aware, that no single instance
has been attempted to be established, even by a single wit-
ness ; moreover, the time laid out commences in February,
1837, and terminates in January, 1840, at which latter period
all the supposed guilt had been contradicted ; and now, at
the lapse of ten months, I am called upon to rebut an airy,
an unsubstantial accusation. Gentlemen, this charge, like
my prosecutor, cannot be defined. They are equally the
beings of imagination. The magistrates have brought no
charge against me ! The inspector has made no charge ! He
distinctly disclaims being my prosecutor ; and yet I am under
prosecution ! I feel the fact painfully, though some softer
term for the process of my torture may yet by possibility be
devised.

I must, however,
though I trust with a different result
than that which attended Don Quixote's attapk on the wind-
mills, at least endeavour to &rife away from supposed viion
this will-o'-the-wisp, this ignis fatuus kind of charge. It
may appear almost as difficult to succeed in this attempt as
it was to destroy the monster, (an apt emblem of this whole
proceeding,) who. being shorn as to one of the serpents which
adorned its brow, soon found others arising to supply the
loss. That monster was eventually crushed to death. So
will every accusation be which has been brought against me,
an innocent, an unoffending man, seeking as the sole object
of his pursuits the good of man, and the glory of that gracious
Being who is even now fiulfilling his promise—" But take
heed to yourselves for they shall deliver you up to councils ;
and in the synagogues you shall be beaten, and you shall be
brought before rulers and kings for my sake, for a testimony
against them. But when they shall lead you, and deliver
you up, take no thought beforehand what you shall speak,
neither do you premeditate; but whatever shall be given you
in that hour that speak ye, for it is not ye that speak but the
Holy Ghost." Thy shoes shall be iron and brass, and as

thy day so shall thy strength be." In this ray strength I
shall prevail.

Mr. Sammond's evidence in support of the charge of my
having nine times out of ten made false entries, is contained
in the following words : I give the whole of the testimony,
to avoid the possible charge of fighting shy in the matter :
" It was the daily practice of the chaplain, when he came
to the prison, with some few exceptions, of making false
entries in this book, as to the hours of coming and departure.
I witnessed it on many occasions, and saw it was almost a
daily practice, that when the chaplain came in the morning
• • ---•« Auwn, in some cases 94, in some cases W, as

j hour of his attendance, when•in fact it has been half-past
), 11, and quarter-past 11, when he came.

" The practice in the afternoon was, that he would leave
the gaol, in sonic instances at 1, half-past 1, and 2, but did
not mark the time on his leaving the prison. The next day
the chaplain would, on attending at the gaol, mark the time
of departure on the preceding day, I have noticed on one
occasion two hours, frequently an hour, an hour and a half,
later than he left—sometimes half an hour : it was nine
times oat of ten wrong.

" I cannot say that I have reason to believe that Dr. Buck
was engaged on gaol business when out of the prison, at the
times the incorrect entries were made. I cannot think he
was engaged out every day. There was generally an.error in
the time."

Now, gentlemen, from the following evidence, given by
the same person, judge of the animus which led the witness
to designate my entries as false; by which he must have
meant, deserving of execration as wilfully untrue.
" The chaplain stated to me one morning, on more than
one occasion, that the cause of his putting an hour, or hour
and a half, earlier than when he came to the prison, was that
he had been engaged on gaol business. I wish to convey it,
that he accounted for the difference of time, that he had left
his house an hour or half an hour earlier, and being engaged
on prison business before coming to the gaol, that he did not
calculate from the time he had left his own house, but from
the time he had commenced gaol business.
" /have in course of duty had to come to the Town-hall :
I have had to wait there. I have heard Dr. Buck say he has
been kept waiting long there.
. •

" About the 21st of January, this year, the governor came
into the office and asked me if Dr. Buck had come. I said
he had. He asked what time. I told him the doctor had
made a mistake in his time, or was wrong in the time of entry
this morning."

Hence, then, Mr. Salmond knew, that I openly avowed
the practice of charging all the time passed in corporation
business, whether inside the prison or outside, to my own
credit ; that I had, at least on some occasions, been detained
at the Town-hall, on such business; and he has declared
that he spoke of it to the governor as a mistake—an error.
I do not now stop to point out the force of these incon-
sistencies ; I have only to complain, that now, well knowing
that it would be acceptable in certain quarters to prove that
my veracity was not to be depended upon, be is ready to de-
signate my entries as false : be will come up to the mark—,
he will not on any account fall short ; hence, after I objected
to the use of such language, from such a person, against the
chaplain of the prison, he added the remark, I can only call
such entries false. The reiteration of the expression was
deemed by Capt. Williams so favourable to the object of the
inquiry, that he expressly called for the words to be taken
down.

All that this criminatory part of Mr. Sammond's evidence
amounts to is, that on many occasions, the time of my enter-
ing the prison, or leaving it, did not correspond with the
times, for which I (rave myself credit in the time-book, he
acknowledging that I had expressly mentioned to him, on
more than one occasion, that I did not intend my entries to
be supposed to imply that I was necessarily within the walls
of the prison, the N% hole time intermediate between the re-
corded entries ; for that I always gave myself credit, for
time passed outside of the prison, in pure gaol business, as
well as outside : this evidence can go no further. I should
add, that h 2 speaks of the difference of the times as three
hours, two hours. one and a half hour, one hour, and some-
times only half an hour.
This will perhips appear to be of some importance before
the termination of my reply. That there may however he
no mistake, that we may fully understand each other, I will
now in few words state the different ways in which my times,
from the time of my appointment have been entered. The
lawfulness, the propriety, the innocency of my conduct. I
shall not avoid inquiring into; because on this point I aim
at establishing the fact of my moral, and also of my legal
innocence.

If others have not ventured to produce the gaol act to
prove that I have offended against its provisions, I shall not
shrink from bringing it forward, to show that I have acted
lawfully, according to the clear meaning of the law ; accord-
ing also to the universal practice of every officer, save one in
the prison ; and that he on one occasion, actually adopted
the same line of conduct—that one occasion being the only
one on which he has been engaged without the walls of the
prison, upon pure gaol business.

.
- Either my entry Las been made at the moment of arriving
at the prison, by an inspection of the clock in a room at the
back of the office, that inspection being made personally, or
at my request by a clerk or turnkey, in strict accordance
with the hour of the morning; that is in cases where I had
walked direct from my residence to the prison ; or the entry
has been what 1 will pro kiic vice, call antedated. If I had
previous to my arrival been occupied out of my own resi •
deuce on business simply and entirely arising out of my
office as chaplain of the prison, I have calculated how long it
has detained me, or in other words, kept me from being at
the prison by my usual time : thus, if arriving at half-past
ten, I knew I had been occupied in the proper duties of my
office, one hour, I wrote down in the time-book half-past
nine. This has been my universal practice, from the date of
my appointment, as I will show by evidence already before
you, evidence which cannot be disproved, because incapable
of error.

On leaving the prison a very similar method has always
been employed. If at the time of my departure I believed I
had finished every duty of the day. 1 entered the office,
looked at the time, either in person, or through the means of
any officer who might be present, and made a correct and
final entry ; except in some few instances, in which being
perhaps pressed for time, or later than usual, I have said to
any officer 1 have seen between the gates, be so good as en-
ter my time for me ; or, I may add, when entering the ot-
fice.in the company of Mr. Archer, one of us, has filled up
the time for both. When, however, in the midst of my
duties, I have been suddenly. (as has frequently happened)
sent for, either to the Town-hall, or which has happened, to
the Police-court, and being engaged longer than I expected.
or not being willing to undergo the extra fatigue of returning
to the prison, merely to enter my name, I have not at that.
same day returned to the prison, on my next arrival there,

supposing my time of quitting the gaol to have been half-past
one, and that I had been occupied two complete hours, I
should enter half-past three as my proper time. Again a
similar practice was adopted, when leaving the prison early
for the purpose of attending to mere gaol business arising
out of the nature of my office, and which required to be
transacted without the walls. In fact, I have always looked
upon the entry-book as of all documents in the prison, the
best possible record of my time of labour, in the service of
the corporation, and I have always spoken of it as such.
The entry of my time in my journal, when I kept it, was
the counterpart of the other. The omission of the practice
altogether, since July 1840, will show, that no wish of de-
ceiving the justices could be on my mind.
I next inquire whether my practice was or was not well
known to the governor? whether he thought it proper or
improper ? legal or illegal ? in accordance with or contrary
to his own wishes or expectations ? for evidence now given
having an opposite tendency, can not disprove the presump-
tion derivable, from his continued acquiescence in the plan ;
no public notice having been taken by him of a matter, now
for the first time said to be false, deceptive, and contrary to
well known law.

Mr. Batcheicior has told you on his oath, that so early
after my original appointment as October, 1838, having
occasion to state in his annual government report, the length
of time employed by me, in my attendance at the prison,
(and I beg to remind you that this was previous to the
arrival of the inspector of prisons in that year), he conversed
with me expressly and designedly on the subject, and fully
understood that the time represented by my entries, included
duties performed outside as well as inside the prison. In
consequence of, and in accordance with, this conversation he
made up his entries in his return.

He does not suggest that he expostulated- with me for
having adopted a wrong course ; he did not enter this very
peculiar evil, this system of falsehood, on the face of his
journal; he did not report the matter to the magistrates; he
did not make known the startling fact to the inspector of
prisons, but having adopted the abomination as his own act
and deed, by transmitting the report to government without
note or comment, he quietly permitted me to pursue the
same course, until the annual report of the year 1839 became
due ; he had then and not till then a second conversation
with me ; and without warning, or reproving, or reporting
me, he again filled up his annual return, and sent it as a cor-
rect, proper, and true statement, to government; he at that
time, if his present impressions of my wicked line of con-
duct were then entertained by him, well knowing, that he
was giving utterance to a monstrous falsehood. Again, I
repeat he did not expostulate with me, he did not attempt to
prove to me that I was acting in error, he made no entry in
his journal, as must have been his duty ; he made no private
communication to the clerk of the peace, nor private nor
public report to the magistrates ; no, all was quiet, all was
calm ; the time for charges against the chaplain of the prison
had not yet arrived. " There is, says the wise man, a time
for all things." Well, then up to October, 1839, the gover-
nor of your prison was fully aware that the chaplain made
his entries without rebuke, without report, and as I argue,
In consequence, under the direct sanction of the chief officer
of the prison. " Sewer qui non prohibet mandari cre-
ditur.'

The governor says, " the errors in the entries in the time
book by the chaplain were detected a long time before the
change made in the entries. I did not speak to Dr. Buck
when I first observed them."

" I did not report the circumstance to the magistrates, I
did not make an entry in my journal. I did not at that
early time spQak to the chaplain on the subject. I did shortly
afterwards. I mean previous to my sending up the, govern-
ment report for 1838. That was sent just before the October
sessions, 1838. From that time until January, 1840, I did
not allow the practice to go on without again speaking to
him on the subject : I have two documents at hand I can
refer to ; two annual reports. In the column on,the annual
report, I, for the two previous years to the present, consulted
the chaplain, as to the time. He said he had a right to
have, as such time, the whole period, he was employed out of the gaol. "It was entered in the return accordingly. But
in the return for the present year I have not entered the
chaplain's time. The matter had been under my knowledge
for a considerable time, I have often expressed my surprise
at it, in the office to the clerks, but not in Dr. Buck's pre-
sence. I did not, during this long interval, make any entry
in my journal. His general answer was, he had duties out
of the gaol, and I made no report of it, I have always
considered the chaplain independent of my authority. I
cannot say how often the inaccuracies occurred. I have
frequently asked for Dr. Buck, when he had left the gaol in
the afternoon, and he had not entered the hour of departure,
but which was done by him next morning. The chaplain
stated he had business outside the gaol—l never doubted his
word at that time:" observe these words, gentlemen. Re-
member, I pray you that all the above evidence extends
over the whole period from my appointment to January,
1840 ; or, as Mr. B. says, to one month before that period.
Now, gentlemen, Mr. Sammond says in his evidence, o'o
governor noticed the errors, and asked me if' it was the
practice? I informed him, " that it was." Consider what
the governor says : _

"IwonTsaywhether I told Mr. Sammond to take notice
whether the chaplain's entries
were corrector not. I thought
it a wrong practise, but attributed it to mistake, and at the
same time not being anxious to report the chaplain."
" About the 21st of Jannary this year, the governor came
into the office and asked ine if Dr. Buck had come. I said
he had. He asked what
.time. I told him the doctor had
made a mistake in his time, or was wrong in his entry this
morning. I also added this is not the only instance.' The
governor then said I will speak to him.' 1 cannot say when
the practice began. I noticed it six months prior to the va,
riation in the entries (January, 1840)."

Permit me to suggest the enquiry—why, seeing Mr. Bat.
oheldor well knew my method of entering my times—a me-
thod which had been familiar to him, and against which he
had never protested during nearly two years, he should have
made any inquiry of his clerk on the subject—why now con-
sider that to be indefensible, nay, disgraceful, which he had
twice made known to government as correct, and had not re-
ported to the inspector, or to the magistrates as incorrect ?
Mr. Saramond's original time of taking observations on the
subject, may possibly lead to the clue which will unravel the
mystery.

This date brings us back to the eventful period—seventeen
months ago, when the governor gave orders for notes of one
of my sermons to be taken down on paper ; exactly to that
time, when he laid by those papers without making the fact