The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-01-26 00:00:00

LORDS

Parliament was opened on Tuesday by he
person, with the usual forms.
Long before 12 o'clock, the hour at which the doors
were to be opened, vast crowds had assembled around the
exterior of the house to witness the arrival of peers and
peeresses who were to be present on the occasion, and,
very soon after the doors were opened, the Royal gallery
was filled. The peeresses, and those ladies who had
tickets, continued to arrive in rapid succession up to
within a short time before her Majesty reached the House.
Every available place, both in the body of the house and
in the galleries, was occupied before her Majesty arrived.
Among the first peers who arrived were the Earl of
Zetland, the Duke of Buccleuch, the Earl of Charleville,
the Marquis of Camden, Earl Fitzwilliam, and the Earl
of Cardigan.
The Ministers present were the Marquis of Lansdowne,
Earl Grey, the Earl of Clerendon, the Marquis of Clanri-
carde, and the Earl of Auckland.
The extreme darkness, occasioned by the fogginess of
the weather, rendered it necessary to light up the house,

:Majesty, in

so that a much more brilliant effect was produced than is
ever usual by daylight, and the jewels worn by the ladies
shone resplendently.

At about a quarter past 2 o'clock a flourish of trumpets
announced a Royal arrival, and in a few minutes after his
Royil Highness the Duke of Cambridge entered the
house. He was warmly greeted. His Royal Highness
shook hands and conversed with several peers ; among the
rest with the bishops, and Lord Campbell. The Lord

Chancellor, too, who had arrived a few moments before,
also talked with his Royal Highness. The Duke of Wel-
lington arrived about five minutes after the Duke of Cam-
bridge, who gieeted his Grace with, " Why, Duke, you
look quite young."
Precisely at 2 o'clock the guns were heard which an-
nounced the approach of her Majesty, and, in a few mi-
nutes after, the prolonged note of the trumpet resounding
through the Royal gallery apprised those who were as-
sembled in the House of Peers that her Majesty had
arrived. Immediately afterwards the procession of
Officers of the Household and others who attend her
Majesty on these occasions entered the house by-the side
door leading from the Royal gallery. The Earl of Zetland
bore the Cap of Maintenance, the Duke of Wellington the
Sword of State, the Marquis of Lansdowne the Crown.
Her Majesty followed, accompanied by Prince Albert.
The whole assembly rose as her Majesty entered. Her
Majesty bowed most graciously repeatedly, and the Prince
then conducted her up to the throne. His Royal High-
ness occupied the smaller throne on the left ; that on the
right, for the Prince of Wales, being left vacant. The
Duchess of Sutherland stood on the right of the throne,
close to her Majesty, and the Marchioness of Douro, as
lady-in-waiting, stood near the duchess. The Duke of
Wellington stood immediately to the left of her Majesty,
holding the Sword of State. The Marquis of Lansdowne
stood to the right of the throne, on the floor of the house,
bearing the Crown, on a silver velvet cushion:
Her Majesty, having seated herself, desired the lords
to be seated. The Commons were then, according to
custom, summoned to appear at the bar to hear the
speech read.

The speech was then handed by the Lord Chancellor to
her Majesty, who proceeded to read it with her usual ad-
mirable clearness and emphasis. It was observable that
the passages referring to Irish distress were delivered by
her Majesty in rather a subdued tone, and with an accent
of sympathy for the sufferings described; but when her
Majesty came to the passage relating to the Spanish mar-

riage, and also that which refers to the subject of Cracow,
her tone became perceptibly changed ; and, besides that
she spoke more loudly and emphatically, there was a
slight abruptness in the delivery. The aspect of the inte-
rior of the house during the ceremony was more brilliant
even than usual, in consequence of the place being lit up.
At all times the scene is splendid and imposing, from the
gay array of brilliant uniforms, the beauty of the ladies,
and the elegance of their costumes, and, above all, from
the presence of so many illustrious persons, distinguished
for high rank or for talent, who are seldom or never as-

sembled except on such an occasion. Her Majesty's
dress, particularly the stomacher and tiara, blazed with
diamonds, and the jewels of the Duchess of Sutherland
also shone with conspicuous splendour.
' With the reading of the speech the ceremony of open-
ing Parliament was concluded. Her Majesty and the
Prince, preceded and attended as before, lett the house on
their return to Buckingham Palace.

At 5 o'clock the house re-assembled. There were some
changes in the position of the leading peers. The Minis-
ters, of course, occupied their usual seats. Lord Melbourne
was present, and occupied the seat he usually held among
his colleagues when he was a minister. On the Opposi-
tion bench there was a change. Lord Stanley occupied
the usual place of the leader of opposition. By his side
,vas the Duke of P' stict.' principal Proter

-lacuna°, ~ a— the „ _
tionist peers were seated near. The Duke of Buckingham
occupied the seat nest Lord Brougham, below the gang-

way, and the Earl of Winchilsea sat next to him. The
Duke of Wellington arrived at a few minutes after five
o'clock, and immediately took his seat on the cross-

members of the former Government sat below the gangwa

erntrat Ii ctltaitp.

The Army and Navy Club are going to astonish London
with the most magnificent clubhouse ever yet built.
A servant girl is in custody for setting fire to a barley
stack at Roslin, near Edinburgh.
The Committee of the County of Durham Relief So-
ciety have sent £4OO to different parts of Ireland and
Scotland.

Food riots have taken place in Cornwall, among th

Tesseckzr
,?11 them

On Thursday a soldier was found frozen to death near

Rased, missed his road

In the Osborne-street Court of Requests, Lofton, on
Tuesday, the notorious Joseph Ady was ordered to refund
£1 paid to him for worthless inforspation.
A fire took place on Sunday, at ahouse in Queen-street,
Glasgow, when property to the amount of upwards of
£BO,OOO was destroyed.

The subscription of the Society of Friends in this
country, for the relief of the suffering Irish, amounts to
£22,000, which averages £5 from each family, rich and

In Dalmellington, Ayrshire, the cost of the gas con-
sumed in the street lamps is defrayed by an annual danc-
ing festival, called the " Gas Ball." The last one took
place on New Year's Day.
Three children narrowly escaped death at Nottingham
on Thursday, from having eaten a green ornament from
a twelfth cake. The colour was produced by Scheele's
green, which is a deadly poison.
GUY FAWKES.—On Tuesday, Sir Augustus Clifford,
with a party of the yeomen of her Majesty's Body Guard,
made the usual search in the vaults beneath the House of
Lords, preparatory to the opening of parliament-
The sum of £2500 was collected in the chapels of
Brighton on Sunday and the Sunday before, in behalf of
the destitution in Ireland and the Highlands and Islands
of Scotland.

INCREASED RATE OF DISCOUNT.—The following no-
tice was posted in the discount office at the Bank of Eng-
land on Thursday :—" The minimum rate of interest on
bills discounted at the Bank of England, not having more
than 95 days to run, is 4 per cent.—Jan. 21, 1847.
The ready-shelled green peas now selling in the London
market, and represented as an arrival from Holland, are
but a small species of our common grey pea, dyed with a
preparation of verdigris and brine, in which they are
partly boiled to render them a little mellow.

The Committee appointed to investigate into the case
of the boys at Helloes Hospital have now ended their
labours, and the decision they have come to is, that all
the boys be admitted to the hospital with the exception
of four

Experiments have recently been made at the Excise
Office, under orders issued by the government, to test the
fitness of sugar as a substitute for malt in the manufacture
of beer and spirits. The experiments are described to be
perfectly successful.
Wm. Duckett, who had been remanded since the 4th
inst. for an attempt upon the life of his wife, by cutting
her throat, at Middlewich, was last week committed to
take his trial at the assizes, the poor woman having so far
recovered as to be able to give evidence against him.
A boy named William Wood, living at Ombersley,
Worcestershire, and employed by Mr. R. Amphlett, of
Lineholt Common, to shoot birds upon the farm, was
killed last week by an accidental discharge of his gun, the
contents of which lodged in his head.
H. M.'s steam-sloop Sphynx was run aground on Sa-
turday, at Chilton, five miles ahead of the Needles : the
last reports state her to be breaking up, and fast sinking
in the sands. Mr. Harris and six men of the Scourge
were drowned on Monday in trying to board her.
SUDDEN DEATH.—Lord Charles Stuart, son of the
Earl of Murray, went to bed on Wednesday night in good'
health, and was found by his servant, on entering his
room shortly after nine on Thursday morning, lying on
the floor on his face, apparently senseless. Two doctors
were in immediate attendance, but life was extinct.
EXCISE DUTY ON PAPER.—A meeting of the paper
makers of Scotland was held on Wednesday, in the ware-
house of Mr. Cameron, Bank-street, for the purpose of
adopting resolutions deprecatory of the excise duty on
paper, and for petitioning the government for its repeal.
The various resolutions were unanimously agreed to.
On Thursday the Common Council of London voted
£2,000, with acclamation, for the relief of the distressed
Irish and Scotch. The Lord Mayor said he would hand
over the money that night, and he expressed a fervent
hope that the example would be followed by every corpo
ration in England.
Mr. Thomas Newport, farmer, of Clavering, has been
taken into custody, as being implicated in the poisoning
cases at Manuden and Clavering, for which Sarah Ches-
am awaits her trial at the ensuing assizes, and the case
ion, New-

remanc

;o IVlonc

The Duke of Manchester has written to the Times to
say, that the reason for his grace not replying to Arch-
deacon Saurin's application for the relief of the destitute
Irish, was of a private nature. It appears that during
the last four years three-sevenths of the duke's disposable
income have been expended in labour and charities on
his Irish property.
THE PRICE or BEER.—We are requested to state that
the London brewers have not raised the price of porter
one penny per quart, or 12s. a barrel, as was stated by the
Chancellor of the Exchequer, but only ss. a barrel, or
rawer less than one halfpenny a quart. The additional
advance has, no doubt, in many instances, been made by
the retailers.—Times.

The Morning Herald says that in the town of Notting-
ham there as many as eight-and-twenty different sects;
and of the Methodists alone, seven separate and dis-
tinct bodies. Besides which there is the perpetual change
which is ever going on amidst these fluctuating sects or
parties. A man is a Baptist in January, a Kilhamite in
July, and a Romanist in December.

A young man was found dead in his bed, at Notting-
ham; on Saturday, from suffocation produced by the car-
bonic acid gas evolved from a chafing-dish filled with
burning embers. Before he retired to rest, he had care-
fully stopped up the window and fireplace, and, indeed,
every other crevice, so that it was impossible for the
noxious vapour to escape from the room.

Since the recent excitement caused by the death of a
girl who was imprisoned by a proctor at Cambridge, there
have been several disturbances at night ; the mob rescuing
females who have been arrested by the order of the•proc-
tors. Twice last week these riotous proceedings were
renewed ; the mob succeeding in their object on both
occasions, mid hooting at the proctor and his men.

PRISON REFORMATION.—Seven offenders were libera-
ted from Gloucester county gaol a few days ago. In the
course of the same day two of them- succeeded in perpe-
trating a fresh felony and effecting their escape, and the
other five fell into the hands of the police as drunk and
disorderly, having squandered in intoxication the money
which the magistrates had given them to provide for pre-
sent necessities.

PAINFUL DlscovEnr.-,On the night of Sunday, the
27th ult., Mrs. Elizabeth Smith, who resided with her
husband at Pope's Villa, Twickenham, disappeared from
her home. She had dressed up the pillow and placed it
by the side of her partner, and he did not miss her till
the morning. Nothing was heard of her till Saturday,
when her dead body was picked up in the river Thames,
off Lambeth
A SIN

GULAR CHARACTER.—An old woman named
Sarah Valiant, who resided in Wye-bridge-street, Mon-
mouth, died on Tuesday week. She had for many years
gained her livelihood by carrying pails of water to the
houses in the neighbourhood, and was apparently in very
poor circumstances. After her death, however, seventy
guineas were found in various parts of the house, wrapped
up in pieces of linen. These she had by will bequeathed
to her niece. She was about 73 years old. _ _

Mr. David Bevan, banker,' of London, who died on
.e 24th ultimo, has left personal property -valued at

£250,000. Ile has bequeathed to his son, A. L. Bevan,
£40,000 ; to his son, the Rev. D. B. Bevan, Rector of
Burton Latimer, £40,000 ; to his four daughters, (among
whom is the wife of the Rev. T. Mortimer, 8.D., minis-
ter of Gray's Inn-lane Chapel, London,) £20,000 each.
The whole of his real property he leaves to his son, R. C.
L. Bevan.

EARLY GENIUS.—The price of bread was raised on
Tuesday last. A boy went into one of our baker's shops
the same afternoon, and asked for an oblong piece of sub-
stance of yesterday's baking. The towel round it, he
tendered the old price, when another halfpenny was de-
manded, on the ground that the price had risen that day.
" Oh !" said young hopeful, that's sure enough, but this
loaf is of yesterday's baking !" The baker laughed for
his halfpenny. The boy might do for Go-a-head land.—
Ayr Advertiser.
' PUBLIC INCOME AND EXPENDITURE.—The official
document of the public income and expenditure for the
year ending the sth of January last., laid before parlia-
ment on Wednesday, was issued on Saturday. The total
income for the year was £53,790,138 7s. 5d., and the ex-
penditure £50,943,830 Bs. 3d., leaving an excess of in-
come over the expenditure of £2,846,307 19s. 2d. The
balances in the Exchequer, on the sth of January, 1846,
amounted to £8,452,090 Os. Old., and on the sth of ,the
present month they were £9,131,282 7s. 101 d.
The third subscription list of the British Association for
the relief of the distress in Ireland and Scotland, has been

published. It amounts to £48,825, and is folloed by ad-
ditional subscriptions which carry the above sum to at
least £60,000. To this must be added the fund raising by
the National Club, which may be estimated at nearly
£lO,OOO, and the " Ladies Relief Association" for Ireland
only, at the head of which is the Queen Dowager. All,
therefore, that mere charity can do to alleviate this ter-
rible calamity, is being done.
A SOLDIER FROZEN TO DEATH.—On Thursday morn-
ing

the dead body of a soldier was found on a part of the
moor above Glossop Low. It appears that his intention
was to go from Burnley to Sheffield to visit his friends.
There is little doubt the unfortunate man missed his way,
and, becoming bewildered amid the darkness, was frozen
to death. The deceased's name was Samuel Burgin, of
the 69th Regiment, now stationed at Burnley ; he was a
very fine athletic man, about thirty-four years of age.
When found, he was completely glazed over with ice, and
frozen fast to the ground. It is supposed he was in li-
quor, but he received an excellent character for sobriety.
CONNUBIAL COMPLICATION.—III the parish of Cruwys
Merchard, there is a remarkable lady, who is now near
her 70th year, and is the mother of ten children, who
have all given their hands in wedlock, and who has up-
wards of forty grandchildren. This venerable dame hath
now for the third time been led to the altar by a young
farmer of the parish aforesaid, and who is about the age
of her ninth child by a former husband, in order that she
may enjoy the solace of a marriage life in the sweet
society of a young and tender consort. The old lady's

niece has been married to her sister's husband's father,
and consequently has become grandmother to an older
sister's children.—Exeter Times.

A. MOTHER ACCIDENTALLY SHOT BY HER SON.-

Friday, the son of Widow Tazewell, of Walton, near
Glastbnbury, having been shooting small birds, brought
home his gun" loaded, and hung it up in its usual place,
first taking off the cap. He then went out, and another
son, a boy about ten years of age, in the absence of his
mother, having taken down the gun and placed another
cap on it, on his mother's return said, " Mother, I am
The
to pop the candle out," and immediately fired.
The whole of the charge lodged in the body of his unfor=
tunate parent, just below the breast ; she uttered one
moan, and died, leaving eight orphan children to deplore
her loss.—Somerset Gazette.
BURIAL PLACES OUT OF LARGE TOWNS.--We are glad
--- 41,-"'—d Metropolitan -and Suburban Ceme-
Jaye been so successful in the great support
they have received, that they have not only purchased
large plots of ground near the metropolis, but have also
formed themselves into another company to effect the
same object for the great cities and populous districts of
the country. The estimates prepared by one of the four
surveyors of the Lord Mayor and Corporation of London,
show a clear dividend of 20 per cent. on the capital of
250 years, and it is expected that large towns, by the same
economical principles being applied, will yield similar
returns. The deposit being only 2s. - per share, may,
however, lead to a great deal of speculation for immediate
profits, which is to be regretted.—Mark Lane Express.
DESTRUCTION OF HORSES.—The Essex Herald says,—
" We are credibly informed that, within a circle of about
three miles, not fewer than twenty horses, which were to
all appearance in previous good health, have died within
the last twelve months suddenly, post mortem examina-
tions exhibiting no ostensible cause for their deaths. One
of them was a fine animal, valued at forty guineas. Nor
has the system been confined to the destruction of that
noble animal, the horse ; a cow, in the same vicinity,
worth £IBF was not long since found dead, and no doubt
is entertained, the recently-made footmarks of persons
being evident around the carcass, that it was suffocated.
It is imagined that the animals thus killed in fine con,.

1 tery Society I

dition, have been taken to a more lucrative market than
that offered by the kennel or the boiler ; and it is even
stated that Joints have been salted down in firkins, anti
sold as foreign beer 60, iwported."

A CROW !—The Times of Friday has a note of triumph
over the approaching fall of the poor-law Commissioners :

—" The day retribution for the Somerset-house trium-
virate is at and.

'All three of them are desperate ; their great guilt,
Like poison given to work a great time after,
Now 'gins to bite the spirits'
No rats ever ran from a falling house more rapidly than
they have turned tail upon their own system since there
has been an end of all doubt of its speedy downfall.
Their extinctien, announced last night, has been inevit-
able ever since the report of the Andover committee, and
their endeavours to pick up a good character in the inter-
val have been miserably unsuccessful."

A GREAT FALL OF BARLEY.—On Sunday, the men
working in the gas-house heard a tremendous crash in the
direction of the three newly-erected maltings of Messrs.
Taylor and Son, at Bishops Stortford. It was soon after
discovered to have been occasioned by the whole floor
of one of the barley chambers giving way, with the
immense quantity of grain (upwards of 1,000 quarters)
above it. A number of Messrs. Taylor's men endea-
voured to secure as much as possible of what had been
forced out into.the yard. While this was going on, at-
tention was directed to the barley chamber of the malt-
ing adjoining, which was found to be giving way trifler
about the same quantity of grain, but by prompt applica-
tion of some strong timber it was prevented from bulging
out. A hole was cut in the end the next morning, and
about 100 quarters taken out.
HIGHWAY ROBBERY AND MURDER.-011 Monday
night, between the hours of ten and eleven o'clock, as Mr.
John Riley, tobacconist, in Waingate, was on his way to•
his residence, in the Occupation-road, and bad proceeded
as far as the top of Tom Cross-lane, near Burgin's-gar-
dens, three men suddenly rushed upon him from the
opposite side of the road to that on which he was walking,
one of whom struck him a blow across the forehead with
a bludgeon,' or life-preserver, by which he was at once
rendered insensible, and he fell to the ground bleeding
profusely from the wound. The villains stole about 30s.
in silver, and having secured Mr. Riley's watch (a silver
lever, without maker's name, and numbered 3,260,) and
also his hat and stick, they left him insensible and bleed-
ing on the ground.' Mr. Riley has since died.—Sheffield
Times.

THE POOR-LAW CASE AT WORCESTER.—WE recently
gave the particulars of a wretched case at Worcester,
where a woman was confined in an empty house, during
the late frost, without coal, clothing, or food, and where
her infant died, as it was alleged, through the indifference
and neglect of the relieving officer of the union, a person
named Crisp. Official inquiries have been made into
the circumstances, by order of the Poor-law Commis-
sioners, who have sent down to the Worcester Guardians
their decision, which is, that the Guardians are to at once
" call for and accept Crisp's resignation." The guardians
have, however, positively refused to carry out the com-
missioners' intention, and are, therefore, placed a second
time in antagonism with the commissioners, having pre-
viously declined to dismiss, at the command of the com-
missioners' the governor of the workhouse. It remains,
therefore, to be seen what steps the commissioners will
take in consequence. The guardians are satisfied with
the conduct of their officers.

RAGGED Scnoms,—A writer (said to be Lord Ashley)
in the last Quarterly Review, endeavours to make the
community understand something of the nature and ob-
ject of, and necessity for, tho'se " Ragged Schools," which
have sprung up, within the last four years, in many dis-
tricts of the metropolis. He says, that, though unable to
obtain minute returns from every school, "We have ex-
amined fifteen schools, and find an amount of 2,345
children and young persons between the ages of five and
seventeen, with some few even older. The number of
average attendants will be less by at least one-third, and
will be therefore about 1,600. Now of these 162 confess
that they have been in prison-116 have run away from
their homes-170 sleep in their lodging-houses (the chief
sinks of iniquity in the metropolis)-253 live by begging
—216 have no shoes or stockings-280 have no hat, cap,
or bonnet-101 have no body linen-249 never sleep in
beds-69 are the children of convicts-125 have stepmo-
thers—and 306 have lost one or both parents, a large pro-
portion having lost both.
POOR,LAW ACCOMMODATION. The parish of St.
George-the-Martyr, Southwark, has become crowded to
excess by the fearful increase in the number of candidates
for admission. Such has been the amount of destitution
prevailing in the district alluded to, that the only asylum
open to the poor has been crowded to a degree which
threatened to engender disease and pestilence. An Assist-
ant Commissioner having visited the abode which the law
has provided for poverty in the parish of St. George-the-
Martyr, gives a frightful picture of the condition of that
establishment. He found 43 persons packed together in
a room containing 12 beds, and in the wards called infec-
tious, and receiving wards, 22 men and 14 boys were
crammed, with only 15 beds for the whole number to lie
upon. In another small apartment, which seemed to the
Assistant-Commissioner not more than 12 feet square, no
less than eight-and-twenty female trampers and children
passed the night of the Bth of the present month, and the
room being on the basement, is one which the medical
officer has declared it impossible to warm or ventilate.
Every paragraph of the communication addressed by the
subordinate functionary to his chiefs contains information
of the discomfort and danger to which the poor have
been exposed by the over-crowding of the workhouse.
The recent discovery of a new planet (an event entirely
new in the history of astronomy, and equalled only by the
extraordinary prediction of. Sir Isaac Newton, that the
hardest and most valuable of our gems was vegetablesub-
stance) has been succeeded by another, and perhaps more
extraordinary discovery in astronomy by Professor Mad-
ler, of Dorpat. By an extensive and laborious compari-
son of the quantities and directions of the proper motions
of the stars in various parts of the heavens, combined
with indications afforded by the parallexes hitherto deter-
mined, and with the theory of universal gravitation, Pro-
fessor Madler has arrived at the conclusion that the
Pleiades for the central group of our whole astral or side-
ral system, including the Milky Way and all the brighter
stars, but exclusive of the more distant nebula, and of the
stars of which those nebulae may be composed, and within
this central group itself he has been led to fix on the star
Alcoyne (otherwise known by the name of Eta Tauri), as
occupying exactly or nearly the position of the centre of
gravity, and as entitled to be called the central sun. As-
suming Bessel's parallax of the star sixty-one Cygni, long
since remarkable for its large proper motion, to be cor-
rectly determined, Madler proceeds, to form a first ap-
proximate estimate of the distance of this central body
from the planetary or solar system ; and arrives at the
(provisional) conclusion,. that Alcoyne is about 34,000,000
times as far removed from us, or from our own sun, as
the latter luminary is from us. It would therefore, ac-
cording to this estimation, be at least a million times as
distant as the new planet, of which the theoretical or de-
ductive discovery has been so great and beautiful a tri-
umph of modern astronomy, and so striking a confirma-
tion of the law of Newton. The revolution of our system
in its orbit is said to. occupy 18,000,000 of years, travel-
ling at the rate of eight miles in a second ; the lane of
this orbit is said to be inclined to the eliptic at about 84
degrees ; and the longitude of the ascending node of the
former orbit on the latter is concluded to be nearly 237

degrees.
DEATH FROM IMPURE AIR IN A COMMON LODGING
HOUSE.—An inquest was held recently before Mr. Payne,
the City of London Coroner, upon the body of a man
unknown, who died suddenly in a common lodging house,
in Shoe Lane. The deceased, it appeared, had been in
better circumstances, and got his living by working occa-
sionally at the docks and wharfs. On Friday night he
came home to his lodging about six o'clock, and com-
plained of a pain in his loins. He went early to bed, and
during the night was heard to laugh hysterically. In the
morning he was found a corpse. Dr. J. Lynch said, that
on going into the room he found a very offensive smell, as
if there had been several persons sleeping in it. He
stooped down at the first bed, and found the body of the
deceased. He bled him, and a very small quantity of
blood flowed. On looking around the room he saw quite
sufficient to account for the death : the room could not
give, under any circumstances, healthful accommodation
to one individual, much less to four, who had been sleep-
ing in the same apartment, The fireplace was blocked up,
and every means had been taken to prevent a free current
of air in the apartment. Many of these lodging-houses
were built over cesspools, and the impure air breathed in
the confined apartment had the same effect upon the vital
parts as inhaling the noxious vapour of burning charcoal.
The man might probably have been affected with lumbago,
but he died in a fit, no doubt caused by breathing impure,
air. He had no hesitation in saying that death in the
present case was accelerated by want of proper ventila-
tion. A man required for the purposes of life 1000 cubic
feet of pure air, and should not inhabit a room less than
ten feet high and eight feet wide ; but the room in which
the deceased, with three other persons, slept, was neither
so wide nor so high. Dr. Lynch, at considerable length,
gave a most painful description of the wretched hovels
where the poor creatures paid for nights' lodgings in the
vicinity of Smithfield and Field Lane. In some of them
eight or nine persons slept, whilst accommodation_ was
e
afforded for only two. Referring to the health of the
people inhabiting courts, the doctor said that it was a well-
known fact, that out of 100,000 children born, 50,000 died
solely from inhaling impure air. The jury returned a
verdict, " That the deceased died from natural causes, ac-
celerated by the want of pure ventilation, the jury at the
same time requesting that the attention of the authorities
be drawn to the subject, so that there be a proper super-
sion over lodging houses."

A SUBJECT FOR FARMERS,
PROVISIONS.

IMPORTED

.The following extract from the accounts relating to
trade and navigation just published will show what the
British farmer has to expect from the tariff and free
trade : IMPORTED.
1844. 1845. 1846.
Oxen ' 3,663 9,088 15,740
C0w5........ 1,102 5,891 21,238
Sheep ...... 2,685 11,866 77,221
Wheat, qrs... 6,077,094 671,231 1,316,547
Barley ...... 921,273 333,266 277,487
W. Meal, cwt. 952,441 762,285 2,834,279
India Meal .. 105 110,842
It will be seen there is a large progressive increase in
live stock and, corn, save in the article of barley, in which
there is a considerable falling off in the supply.

DR. IBINNS AND HOLLOWAY'S OINTMENT.--Dr.
Binns, who was one of the principal physicians in the
island of Jamaica, has expressed himself in the following
manner respecting the surprising healing properties of
Holloway's Ointment :—" I have made many trials of
this ointment in cases of chronic ulcers which several
years' experience in the West Indies taught me to consider
as incurable. I am now happy to say that in all cases it
was really and truly efficacious.—Signed, E. Binne, M.D.,
F.S.A., Set)." Holloway's Ointment will cure bad legs
however long standing, likewise the most obstinate cases
of.king's evil or scrofula.,

CORRESPONDENCE.

£40,000 PER ANNUM LOST TO THE PARISH

I TO THE EDITOR OF TIM LIVERPOOL STANDARD,

SIR,-Mr. Bramley-Moore, in his letter to Sir G. Grey
on national education, says, that " there are in Liverpool
65,471 houses, assessed for £1,368,652, which, at 2P. in
the pound, would produce £14,255 for the purposes of
education, but of which £9,540 only can be realised."

Now, sir, to extend these figures to the purposes of the
poor-rates, let us suppose the assessed property of the
town to'be £1.368,652, this, at 2s. ld. in the pound, (the
poor-rate for last year,) would bring £142,567 18s. 4d.,
of which the sum of £95,400 only is, or can, be realised,
according to Mr. Moore's statement, leaving a balance
of £47,167 18s. 4d. not accounted for, but from which de-
duct £7,167 18s. 4d., the maximum amount due from un-
occupied tenements, would still leave the enormous sum
of .£40,000 due to the parish on last year's assessment. _

Why is this ? Are the Collectors not able to get this
money ? If they are, let them see to it ;if not, let others
be appointed—and the overseers must adopt effective
measures to obtain the outstanding debts before they at-
tempt to impose a rate to meet their present exigencies.
If this money (and' the rate in future years) is properly
collected, there will be no occasion for any additional rate
to meet the wants of the parish, either for education or
feeding Irish mendicants ; and if the Collectors were paid
a commission instead of a fixed salary, I think greater ex-
ertions would be made to obtain the outstanding rates.
I am, Sir, yours respectfully,

Liverpool, January 22, 1877. X.
[The data upon which the above calculation is made, are
perfectly correct ; but it would be difficult to realise the
writer's views with respect to the collection of the addi-
tional forty thousand pounds of rate, for reasons which we
shall briefly state. In the first place, our correspondent
does not sufficiently bear in mind the source from which
the defalcation complained of originates. We have in this
town upwards -of 20,000 tenements—small cottage and
court houses—inhabited chiefly by weekly' tenants, which
are included in the rated value above mentioned. From-
the occupiers of these tenements, mostly of a migratory
class, and many not far removed from paupers, it is found
that the rates can only be compulsorily levied ; and the
expense of attempting so to levy them would be a loss ra-
ther than a gain to the parish. A summons would cost
2s. in each case ; then there would be the loss of time of
officers attending to prove the amount due, afterwards the
cost of a warrant and levy ; and, even could this expense
be borne, the magistrates would decline to enforce the
rate against such parties, who, if deprived of their few
household articles, must become recipients of parish relief.
Besides, it is physically impossible that the mere routine
of compelling payment upon the entire assessment could
be got through. A hundred summonses would be the
utmost that could be heard in a day, or 600 a week. It
would thus require 33 weeks to get through the list.
Taking into consideration, however, the additional time
which would be consumed by the bench in granting war-
rants, the whole business would occupy 40 weeks, before
the expiration of which a new rate would be laid. .1
Suppose' however, by way of example to the defaulters,
the attempt were made for a few years, regardless of the
certainty that only loss would accrue to the parish. What
would be the result ? We should have an overwhelming
number of the ignorant and half-pauper portion of our
population placed upon the municipal and borough regis-
ters, who would have it in their power effectually to swamp
the registration, and to do as they listed with the property
of the burgesses. We cannot, however, enforce the pay-
ment from such parties ; and in whatever light we look at
our position, we are in a cleft stick.
We might, indeed, as in some other large towns, impose
the onus of the rates upon the owners of property so te-
nanted. But here again we are met by a difficulty, which
we have already found to be insurmountable. The cot=
tage-owners are a sufficiently numerous body to defeat any
attempt to procure a local act to render them liable.
Looking, therefore, at the fact, that year by year fresh
cottage erections are rising up within the borough, and that
property, once respectably tenanted, is becoming virtually
good cottage property, whilst the former occupiers of such
good property are getting into the suburbs, the heavy im-
posts, now hanging over our heads, threaten to fall, at no
distant period, principally upon the tradesmen and shop-
keepers, whose avocations do not permit the same ready
escape which is open to the wealthy merchant.
This is surely a state of things which calls upon the le-
gislature itself to take the initiative in remedying. A go-
vernment measure to enforce upon the owners of every
species of property a fulfilment of their public duties is
the only resource left us. Last year the poor's rate col-
lected was 71 per cent. upon the gross assessment. With a
double, or treble rate, which will be called for, we should
not be greatly surprised if 50 per cent. was the utmost
collected next year. The whole subject is well worthy of
the attention of the authorities and of the public ; and it
must °receive such attention if the property of the borough
is not to be confiscated, and a large number of its trades-
men and respectable inhabitants ruined. We believe that
remedial measures are already wader discussion by.. the
parish authorities.]

DISTRESS IN IRELAND

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD

DEAR SIR,—I send you the following extract from a
letter, received this morning, relative to the distress in
Ireland. The writer speaks what he knows,- and testifies
what he has seen, and few are more competent than z pro-
prietor who has resided amongst his tenantry without in-
terruption for a period of thirty-two years and upwards,
holding the commission of the peace for nearly the entire
of the time.

The letter was written without any view to its publica-
tion : but yielding to the suggestion of an influential
friend, and anticipating the kind indulgence of the re-
spected writer, I venture upon the •liberty of submitting
the extract to your readers, and am, dear sir, yours &c.,
THOMAS NOLAN.
St. Barnabas', Liverpool, January 25, 1847.

" Castlecooke, near Fermoy, County Cork

" I could scarcely pourtray the extreme destitution of
this populous mountainous district,—no wheat, and all
the potatoes and oats failed. The labouring classes and
small farmers exist chiefly on turnips at 30s. per ton, and
I contemplate with dismay the disappearance of them,
which cannot be very distant. Meal and bread stuffs are
quite out of their reach. You would not believe to the
full extent the emaciated pallid appearance of- the once
stout peasantry, trying to stand out the day on the public
works while the unemployed, which are now about 250
in this locality, chiefly keep their beds, to cheat the
cravings of hunger. I know them intimately, and, while
I wonder how many exist, I admire their patience and
forbearance. Poor people ! they never were accustomed
to much comfort, and can bear their privations better
than more pampered folk. If food, plentiful, and within
the range of their means, be not supplied shortly, the loss
of life must be extensive. I fear the situation of this
country, generally, is neither understood nor believed in
England. However, the Queen's speech, which I have
read this moment, appears to indicate a, strong wish to
relieve us. If something extensive, to provide subsistence
at present and to insure the means of cropping in pro-
spective, be not enacted, the next year will be worse than
this to such as survive. May the Lord bless you, and
bring us all through this severe though merited trial, is
the fervent prayer of your sincere friend,
"WM. C. COLLIS.
" Rev. Thomas Nolan."

-A.
YELLOW RICE

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

enclose an original receipt for yellow rice, a
preparation, I believe, unknown in England. It is re-
markably cheap, as the quantity mentioned may be made
for 9d. If you think it likely to prove useful, I beg you
will make use of it, and believe me to remain with sincere
respect and esteem, AMICUS.
Take one pound of rice, wash it clean, and put it into a
saucepan which will hold three quarts, add to it half a
pound of currants picked and washed, one quarter of an
ounce of the best turmeric powder, previously dissolved
in a cupful of water, and a stick of cinnamon ; pour over
them two quarts of cold water, place the saucepan unco-
vered on a moderate fire, and allow it to boil till the rice
is dry, then stir in a quarter of a pound of sugar and two
ounces of butter, cover up and place the pan near the fire
for a few minutes, then mix it well and dish up. This is
a very favourite dish with the Javanese, and will be found
an excellent substitute for potatoes, with all roast meats,
poultry, &c. It also forms a capital pudding, which may
be improved by the addition of raisins and a few blanched

THE MERCURY'S eROFANITY

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

cannot refrain, although a private individual,
from bringing before the immediate notice of the public,
and that through the means of your truly constitutional
paper, an insertion, if I may so term it, which appeared
in the Liverpool Mercury of Friday last. and which, by
the editor's kind permission, found a place in the columns
of that journal. It purports to be " A New Translation
of thq 12th Chapter of the Ist Book of Chronicles ;" and
under the title of " brochure" it conceals such a mixture
of imaginary satire and unblushing profaneness, as was
perhaps never before given to the eyes of an enlightened
public in a Christian empire.
What could have possibly been the object of the writer ?
what the probable tendency of his production ? - It might
be supposed that the one was the seizing of an unim-
peachable record of ecclesiastical history, to convey the
irreverent phrases of a newspaper politician ; and it can-
not but be supposed that the other will excite only an in-
effable feeling of mingled contempt and pity in the heart_
of every true Christian, and every unflinching upholder ?f
the Sacred testimonies of Jehovah ! I boldly and unhesi-
tatingly assert that it is profane, and that it must be
offensive in the sight of God. Let party skirmishers in
political matters at least confine themselves to the debat-
ing
of such matters in the language usually adopted by
the parliamentary speakers, and which is commonly seen
in the broad sheet of the public press ; but let them not
have recourse to the Holy Word of God to clothe their
often malignant ideas, or breathe the sacred and inspired
records of his sanctuary in the same breath with the angry
declamations of the orators of the Council chamber.
With the abstract consideration of the matter in ques-
tion, as regards its political bearing, we have nothing to
do ; but the effrontery which would plagilviise the very
Scripture for such a purpose, merits justly the stern dis-
countenance of every lover of the Gospel, and is no way
creditable to that paper whose pages ha.,; e been its pass-
port to the eyes of the public.—l am, &c.
_ .

Liverpool, Jon- 16, 1847. HOMO.
[The preceding letter'was ortxitted in our paper of last
week.]

Jam 2G, 1547.

PROPOSED REMEDY FOR THE IRRUPTION OF
IRISH PAUPERISM INTO LIVERPOOL.

We insert the following letter which we have 'welted
from London, signed "An Old Naval Officer," for dia
purpose of offering a few remarks upon the recommenda-
tion which it contains :

London, January 22, 1847.
Sin,—Observing in the St. James's Chronicle an
extract from your valuable paper, relating to the influx of
paupers from Ireland into Liverpool, and sensible of the
great evils arising from it, not only to the population of
your great commercial town, but, eventually, as adding to
the great pressure of paupers here and other parts of the
kingdom, I take the liberty of suggesting that the remedy
lies in the power of the Mayor and Corporation of Liver-
pool, as also with the authorities of Glasgow, and other
ports under similar circumstances, who, in such times as
these, should act with some energy, and press upon the
steam-packet companies, and other owners, the necessity
of giving strict orders to their captains to take no paupers
on board at the Irish ports ; and if any are found Gm
board, on arrival in England, by the police authorities
stationed for the purpose, the captain commanding such
vessel shorild be charged in his account with the mainte-
nanCe and expense of the return of such paupers by his
vessel. Unless this or some such plan is adopted the mis-
chief will go on, and the increasing evil must be borne as
the necessary result.

Remaining your well-wisher,
AN' OLD NAVAL OFFICER.
To the Editor of the Liverpool

Standard.

Our correspondent is doubtless aware that something
very like his plan is adopted by-the United States towards
the commanders of vessels bringing emigrants to their
ports. In every case of a ship-arriving in New York, or
any other American port,' with passengers, the charterer
or his agents must give bond that he will either find em-
ployment for them or take them back—in other words,
that he will bear the city harmless for any charges td
which the authorities may be put in respect to them. lii
the case• of packets bringing emigrants from Ireland, we
have no power to insist upon any regulation of this kind,
that country being an integral portion of the British
empire. With an efficient poor-law for Ireland we might
pass them back to the parish from which they sailed, as
is done with paupers in our own country. Any arrange-
ment of the -kind proposed between steam-packet compa-
nies and their captains, is, we fear, out of the question, an
offer having been already made by our authorities to take
the decks of all steamers plying from Ireland to Liver-
pool, and refused by the companies.

LIVERPOOL CHURCH OF ENGLAND SCHOOL
SOCIETY.

TO THE. EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.
Six,—The report of this valuable institution for 1846
has been lately published, and I am anxious that the
following extract should be brought prominently before
the clergy, who, in my humble judgment, have not given
to the society the support it deserves, nor the support
originally promised to it _

In Presenting the tenth Report of the proceedings of
the Liverpool Church of England School Society, the
Committee are enabled to state that in consequence of the
increased amount of the Congregational Collkctions, the
funds of the Society are in a better condition than they
were in last year. In 1845 the Collections were only
£l4O 4s. 7d. from nine Churches ; and in 1846 they
amount to .Z 289 Bs. 3d. from thirteen Churches. They
return
whotheir vhearlegraprteeafueledand
mde acknowledgmentsCler-
gymenacoltloeetthioonses,and
take this opportunity of stating that- the continuance of
the Society in anything like a state of efficiency, seems to
depend, under Providence, entirely upon the exertions of
the Clergy, and the success of their Church Collections.
If the Clergy are able to preach and make Chufch Collec-
tions, and increase the funds by soliciting Annual Sub-
scriptions, the Schools can be maintained ; if not, it is
hardly possible to imagine how Schools in such poor
neighbourhoods as Broad-street and Naylor-street can be
kept up at all, as the Congregations are of course quite in-
competent to maintain them. They trust, therefore, that
the Clergy dill kindly continue to bring the Society an-
nually before their Congregations, and so continue to
assert the great and important principle of Sariptural
Education for the labouring Poor in the Principles of the
Church of England..."

I have always looked upon church collections as a very
desirable as well as very easy mode of levying contribu-
tions for charitable purposes ; and after the acknowledg-
ment in the above extract, and the great good which has
resulted from a few extra collections, etrust that the
present year will see a great accession of church contribu-
tions. lam not too bold in suggesting that there ought
to be collections at half the churches in Liverpool this
year, and at the other half next year ; indeed, I- think it
would be well if the committee sent a copy of the above
extract to every clergyman in Liverpool and its neigh-
bourhood, calling his particular attention to it.—Yours,
A LAYMAN.
Liverpool, January. 23, 1847.