The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-11-22 00:00:00

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TU_ESDAY MORNING, NO E 22,1853.

IT is almost labour in ram' to speculate on the
warlike proceedings between -the Turks and the
Russians in the province of Wallachia, owing to the
numerous and Contradictory accounts through the
uncertain means of the Electric Telegraph. From
the commencement of actual hostilities, since the
crossing of the Danube from Widdin to Kalafat by
the Turkish forces, we had daily reports of their
successes over the Russians in skirmishes which
were magnified into battles, and occasional accounts
of most decisive victories, which it appears had
only existence upon paper. On Friday, however,
the whole scene assumed a new feature, for, accord-
ing to the telegraph, the tide of victory had corn-
pletcly changed—the Russians had concentrated
their scattered forces, and the Turks, compelled to
give way, had retraced their steps across the
Danube, leaving the Russians in possession of the
whole province, with the single exception of Kalafat,
where the Turks first obtained a footing. It had
long been the impression of those competent to
judge, that the forces of the SULTAN would be
unable to cope with the powers of Russia ; and if
the recent intelligence is to be depended upon, this
opinion would seem to have been borne out by the
circumstances. The more interesting part of the
inquiry, however, is as to the probable results, for
it will hardly be expected that the other Powers of
Europe will permit Russia to retain possession of
the Danubian provinces upon the mere force of
military power ; nor was it to be expected .that the
vast resources of that empire would not be called
into requisition, to save the ignominy of defeat from
the effete power of Turkey, both sides being
inspired with all the fury of religious fanaticism.
It is to be hoped, however, that the SULTAN,
having experienced the impotence of his Moham
medan troops, will now listen to reason, and consent
to such terms as may be agreed upon by the other
Powers, who have as yet vainly attempted the
office of mediation, and at the same time satisfy
the demands of the CZAR of Russia, who has
repeatedly declared his willingness to evacuate the
Principalities upon receiving a guarantee for the
protection of the Christian Church in Turkey.
Such a concession must be made ; and if the defeat
of the Turkish troops should hasten the settlement
of the affair, the issue as at present reported will
prove favourable to the maintenance of the peace

of Europe.
Much virtuous indignation has been wasted on
the pretended wrongs of Turkey, which have
formed a fertile theme for two parties in this
country. The Conservatives, or at least a portion
of them, have made it a ground of attack on the
ABERDEEN Administration, because the English
fleet was not ordered at once to dash into the
thickest of the fray, and embroil all Europe in
war. The Radicals, on the other hand, were in
want of some subject for agitation, and nothing
was more plausible to the unthinking many than
fierce diatribes against the EMPEROR of Russia,
whose chief crime in the eyes of Liberalism is his
possession of absolute authority. These profes-
sional agitators had a demonstration at Manchester
on Thursday, the heroes of the meeting being
Admiral Sir CHARLES NAPIER and DAVID URQU-
HART, Esq. The meeting, it is reported, was
almost unanimous in passing the resolutions, which
contained the usual quantity of fustian; but the
most amusing feature was the wide difference
between the principal speakers, who accused each
other of making false statements—one lau' g the
English Government for espousing the intarests of
Turkey, and the other indignantly accusing them of
leaving her to her fate. Admiral NAPIER is best
known for his attacks on the Admiralty, and his
overweening notions of the value of his own
services, of which he did not fail to inform the

DR. BOWBING has been lecturing in this town,
during the past week, on decimal coinage and its
plausibilies. One great point which appears to be
relied upon is, the unanimity of the witnesses
before the Committee of the House of Commons
which sat last session, in favour of some
scheme of the kind, but this should excite little
surprise when it is considered that those only
were examined who were favourable to the
change. It is, however, an instructive conse-
quence of the proposal,--indeed a difficulty which
besets it at the outset,—that great difference of
opinion exists as to the mode in which it ought to
be effected. The committee, in their report, re-
commended that the present pound sterling should
form the unit of the future system, but it was soon
discovered that this would create almost insuper-
able difficulties with the present penny, which
forms the standard of so many transactions. The
future penny, or by whatever other name it may
be called, must be something more or something
less ; and, in either case, it would seriously affect
many concerns of aggregate importance. There
are postage, receipt, and newspaper stamps, which
must either bring in something more or consider-
ably less to the revenue ; and there are numerous
charges, such as penny tolls, railway fares, and
many articles in common use, which would equally
be affected by an arbitrary alteration in the value
of the coin. The only solution proposed is to make
the penny the unit of the system, but this would
alter the value of the larger and more important
coins, and in all extensive transactions, particularly
the accounts of the public revenue, render neces-
sary multitudinous figures. We cannot spare the
pound, and it is equally difficult to alter the penny.
Both are indispensable, without a revolution such
as -introduced the decimal system into France and
America. But, supposing these difficulties, which
meet us at the outset, couldbe surmounted, it would
still be beset with others of far more consequence
Without one advantage to compensate for them. The
only possible good which could result from this over
estimated decimal system is a little facility in the
keeping of accounts, and for this trifling advantage
the everyday concerns of alarge and busy population
long present monetary system,
and omthacecwuesitghteds
and
on
do
measuresr
with which it is inti-
mately connected, are to be subjected to countless
inconvenience. The first step which has been
taken in the issue of two-shilling pieces has been a
loss instead of a gain. By far-the simplest calcu-
lation was that two half-erowns-make five shillings,
and twice that half-a-sovereign, but it must be a
strong predilection in favour of decimals for any
one to believe that a division into five is a more
convenient process. Again, halves and quarters
may he exactly estimated by our present coinage,
every value down to a penny being divisible by
four ; 'but confusion will be worse confounded
when •Sivisions must take place by fifths and
tenths, and the labourer's wife must ask at the
shop for the fifth of an ounce of tea or the fifth of
a hundred weight of coals. There must not only
be a total revolution of weights and measures, with
which the `humblest purchaser is now familiar, but
also a total revolution in long-formed 'habits; a
change far -more difficult to effect.; and, when all
has been done, there will be more inconveniences
suffered, and more frauds committed, than can be
the case under the present time-honoured system.
The case endeavoured to be made out by the agita-
tors for decimals is a gross delusion upon popular
credulity. It is an off-shoot of Liberalism, the. chief
object of which is change, no matter whether for
better or worse, and the instances referred to ,as
proofs of its success are examples which England
should be the last to follow. All the gain would be,
to save some wealthy merchant from keeping an
extra clerk ; while the loss would be felt by
every man, woman, and child in the United

Kingdom

THE near approach of the meeting of Parliament
—if even the perplexed state of affairs in the East
should not call for its assembly before Christmas,
as stated by our London correspondent—ought to
awaken public attention to the Threatened inflic-
tion of a new Reform Bill, which, if there were
really any .demand for it, would precipitate the
country into a useless and dangerous agitation,
fatal alike to commercial prosperity, and that kind
of domestic legislation which is most wanted. It
is not, perhaps, easy to define the particular direc-
tion which this new movement is intended to take,
if, indeed, there be any intention on the subject in
a Cabinet of which no two members are agreed on
any one principle ; but there are circumstances
which may afford some clue to the nature of the
attack upon our existing institutions. The inves-
tigations which were carried on so pertinaciously
last session in the Election proceedings in several
agricultural towns were, no doubt, intended to
prepare the public mind for a wholesale disfran-
chisement of many of the smaller boroughs, and
the Times has been taking up the question by
arguments in the same direction, all labouring to
show the inutility of improving the constituencies
by grouping other towns with them as proposed by
the bill of 1852. The real object is to swamp the
public opinion of rural districts, by giving a greater
preponderance to the denser populations of the
manufacturing towns, and this is advocated on the
plausible pretence of the weight which, it is said,
ought to belong to mere strength of numbers. Such
a position is difficult to assail upon mere abstract
reasoning, which would make every member of the
House of Commons the representative of an arbi-
trary number of voters, without reference to their
quality, standing, or stake in the country ; but
we may arrive at a more correct conclusion by

system of representation is the smallness of some
of the country constituencies ; but, before this
feature be condemned as a fault, it would be as
well to look at the comparative merits of the repre-
sentatives returned by the large and small
boroughs, for even Radical Whiggery would hardly
dare to meddle with the counties. It is assumed,
for it is necessary to the maintenance of the posi-
tion, that our ablest legislators represent the popu-
lous boroughs ; but what is the fact P With the
exception of Liverpool, which holds a glorious
pre-eminence, the representatives of the large
boroughs are without doubt the worst members of
the House of Commons, and few men at all worthy
of the position of legislators have any chance of
devoting their talents to the service of their country
except through the rural boroughs, which are
stigmatised for the smallness of their numbers.
We need not mention names, but we may refer to
the great metropolis, the vaunted centre of intelli-
gence, and ask how many of its eighteen repre-
sentatives are creditable to the good sense or
patriotism of the electors. Such men would not
stand a chance in any respectable borough, but in
a large town the low standard of qualification gives
the franchise to the inhabitants of the blind alleys
and back streets, who preponderate in numbers, and
the effect is as we see. The wealth, the intelli-
gence, and the respectability, have really no voice
whatever, and the representatives are men who
realise the predictions against the Reform Bill of
1832, that it would be the means of admitting into
the House of Commons those with whom gentle-
men would feel ashamed to associate, and whose
conduct would be a burlesque on legislation.
A movement in the same direction appears likely
to be the tendency of the measure which is to
occupy next session, and yet there is an apathy in
the public mind, or a disinclination to interpose a
resistance, as though the public had really no
concern in the matter. The bulwarks of the Con-
stitution are being frittered away by a traitorous
Ministry, who would be nothing unless they kept
doing, and yet the Conservatives of England—
numerous and intelligent as they are—are patiently
submitting to injustice, because they will not be
convinced, and act upon the conviction, that union
is strength. There is not an individual whom we
address who would not willingly do all in his
power to rescue his beloved country from the
furtherinffiction of the deadly incubus ofßadicalism,
and yet his good intentions go for nothing, because
Conservatives will not act together against the
common enemy.

THE pageant with which the inauguration of the
LORD MAYOR of LONDON is accompanied, has given
rise to an excitement of opposition to its further
continuance, on the ground of its being merely a
vestige of antiquity, and its interfering with the
business of the city for a few hours. There is
something so thoroughly utilitarian in a modern
Radical, who may be considered a compound of
anythingarianism in religion and unmitigated
selfishness, that we cannot be surprised at their
rage against the time-honoured LORD MAYOR'S
Show, because it may cost a little money, and may
hinder some of these petty tradesmen from turning
a penny. We cannot forget, however, that it is one
of the few holidays enjoyed by the toiling artisans
of a densely crowded population, and to deprive
them of it would be to virtually sanction that dese-
cration of the Lord's Day which is one of the cry-
ing sins committed in this vaunted age of intelli-
gence. Some progress has been made in reforming
the evil of compelling those who labour to toll
all the week, by which the excuse was made
that Sunday must be devoted to recreation,
or they would have have none at all ; but
short days are no excuse for the abolition of that
holiday which has stimulated many of the youth
of London to industry and perseverance, in order
that they might one day occupy the chief place in
such :an imposing pageant. Amusements are not
designed for philosophers, nor thinking men, nor
money grubbers ; but if smartly dressed horses
and gaudy flags will please the ignorant, the inno-
cent, and the hard worked, it is a happiness dif-
fused at very little cost.

THE TP.42? BET !KEEN CAPITAL AND
LABOUR.

MANY:weeks have now elapsed since the newspapers,
provincial and metropolitan, first announced that the
mechanical and other operatives belonging to the northern
counties of England, having failed in obtaining the con-
cession of certain demands made upon their employers,
had struck work,resolved, by the withdrawal of their labour,

to coerce their employers into compliance with demands as
unreasonable in character as the means adopted for en-
forcing them were injudicious and illegal. Not a few weeks
have also elapsed since the same agencies of intelligence
communicated Information that the deluded operatives,
having exhausted their limited resources, were all but

starved into an abandonment of their impracticable de-
mands. It was likewise stated that a few, who, by dint
of greater effrontery and assurance, and less honesty than
their fellows, had been .recognised as leaders in the
movement, still retained influence enough among their
dupes to prevent the realisation of any mutual accommo-
dation between the employers and the employed. Thou-
sands, nay tens of thousands of men, who by their industry
were previously enabled to support,themselves and their fa-

milies in comfort and independence, were, by a fraudulently
arranged selleme of forced idleness, ,compelled to see their
wives and children reduced to misery and want, while
they themselves, from being placed in dependence on
eleemosynary aid, were at last constrained to endure the

pangs of hunger. Maddened by the intensity of their
self-inflicted ,sufferings, many of these men were driven
to perpetrate the grossest outrages, in which,
having been detected, they must now abide the vengeance'
of an outraged law, and submit to the penalty of their
combined folly and wickedness. Still we regret to ob-
serve the iniquitous system continues in operation.
Subscriptions are exacted from those who are in work to
support in idleness men who, by their labour, could not
only maintain themselves, bat also earn a sufficiency to
secure the comfort and..independence of those dependent
on them.

The amount of injury inflicted on society by such pro-
ceedings is very inadequately represented by the individual
and family sufferings of the men themselves. A pecuniary
valuation of the property; destroyed during the outbursts
of such popular frenzy, is scarcely a less imperfect repre-
sentation of the evil. That must, in a great degree, be
estimated by the slower, but not less certain, operations of
extended idleness, and its concomitant evils—depraved
habits introduced into prosperous districts, and once in-
dustrious and happy families converted into social pests—
employers beset by circumscribed means and crippled
energies, unable, successfully, to combat with the vice and
misery which surround them, have all, and each of them,
their share and influence in the general injury inflicted
on society by the demoralisation consequent on slackened
industry. To these serious evils must be added the discon-
tent, malevolence, and strife which strikes, and the dema-
gogues who direct them, contrive to sow, as it were, broad-
cast among the various classes of society. All the evils
here referred to, we scruple not to say, have been mainly
caused by that false system whereby the community has

capitalist which has not been achieved through the agency
of these virtues, and -through their agency alone. In
proof of this, need we do more than inquire into the origin
of the most eminent, capitalists this country has ever
known ? How few, if any of them, have not arisen from
among the sons of toil ? Where, let us ask, were the
ancestral acres or paternal hoards of Sir RICHARD ARK-
WRIGHT, probably the greatest capitalist this great country
ever saw ? An obscure shop, in a small town in Stafford-
shire, included the broad lands of his early culture ; from
the teeming storehouse of his own inventive brain,. and
the exhaustless resources of his unconquerable indus-
lry and intelligence, he drew the fertilizing stream,
which, converting, the arid waste into a field of gold,
raised him to honour;and enriched his country. He never
listened to the syren song of those who represented capital
as the antagonist of labour. Who, we may inquire, built
up the princely fortune of the elder PEEL ? No bloated
capitalist, as the phrase goes, bequeathed to him the
means of buying the blood, and bone, and sinew of his
fellow-men. His own integrity, prudence, and industry
raised for him the edifice of fortune. To come nearer our
own times and neighbourhood, from what stores of ances-
tral wealth did the late Sir JOHN GLADSTONE derive the
fortune by which he was enabled to provide with ducal
munificence for his own family, and bestow a lasting
blessing on many of the poor of his native land ? Sagacity,
courage, integrity, prudence, and industry were his only
patrimony. From the overflow of whose plethoric wealth
did PETo derive the means which have raised him to a
plate in the senate, and given him the companionship of
princes ? In what undiscovered land of gold did ROBERT
NAPIER originate those works which have conferred on
him the title of the greatest marine engine builder in the
world ? a blacksmith's shoeing forge, in an obscure suburb
of the city of Glasgow, was the origin of his el dor ado !
But why should we seek to prolong the enumeration ?
Every day's experience—every page of our history—re-
.veals to us that in this happy country no point of social
elevation, no extent of operation, is denied to sober' in-
tegrity and honest toil, if these are allied to industry and
prudence. It is to uproot so fair and goodly a tree, to
poison so beneficent a stream, that thoCe moral pests who
debauch the mind, and inflame the passions, of our work-
ing Millions, have directed their noxious efforts.

MNBILB AND 21HE I'DrNßußGir

REVIEW,

TII E final rejoinder of the Rev. Dr. WNEILE to the de-
fender of the Edinburgh Reviewer on Church Parties,
which we have given in another column, affords the most
triumphant reply to the unfair attack of which the pre-
tended description of parties in the Church was made the
medium. The Rev. Canon has not only exposed the
unfairness and injustice of attributing opinions to him
from the imperfect recollections of a speech delivered more
than twenty years ago, although there were numerous
published works .of his to which to • refer ; but, what
is far more satisfactory, he denies altogether the opi-
nions attributed to him. He distinctly repudiates ever
having held the notion of the worthlessness of morality, or
'having spoken of the soul-destroying doctrine of repent-
ance. Indeed, he states that if ever he made use of the
phrase alluded to by the Very Rev. Dean CONYBEARE, it
was in condemnation of it. As the article in the Edin-
burgh Review, which was at the best a coarse satire on
all religions parties, excepting the one favoured by the
writer, conveyed an absurd imputation on the principles
professed by so able a champion of the Church as Dr.
31WELLE, it is satisfactory to notice that the latter has
given so complete a denial to the charge.

TER _RECENT CASE OF SCANDAL
♦

THE Court of Queen's Bench was appealed to on Thurs-
day, in order to justify the reputation of a highly respect-
able lady of this town from the scandal to which publicity
had been given by one of our local contemporaries. It
will be seen by the report, which we have given in another
column, that no attempt has been made at justification of
the libel; but, unfortunately, in all such cases the mischief
is greater than is within the power of remedy, for the lady
herself, being beyond suspicion, ought not to be called to
deny the truth of such an infamous imputation, though it
is a course which she must take in order to avail herself
of the protection of the law. Our contemporary pleads,
and, no doubt, with truth, his innocence of any evil inten
tion ; but the error he has committed is in giving currency
-to scandalous rumours—a course which can have no other
effect than merely gratifying one of the basest passions of
human nature. No public interest can be served in dis-
seminating such reports, whether true or false ; and there
is always the mischief arising from such mysterious an-

nouneements, where no names are given, of suspicion
being thrown upon other innocent parties, as well as those
alluded to.

THE HERRMA.NN United States mail steam-ship,
' on Saturday night at Southampton. Her
_,h instant.
Tine ses are
unimportant ; her latest date being tobt
Tint AIATOR AND MEMBERS cT
tended divine service at St. .
street, on Sunday last, when the annual
was
the Southern and Toxteth
Rev. D. T. Barry,
made in aid of +l,
£B2 is. 4d.
Loc.!, 1, CuaRITTP. .
The annual
in the different , arrived_
the Comicir. at-
,„not.syliehaplain, and a collection
Barn a ba s Church,TnpEr sermone
a ePhaerdili. nabmayi Parliament-
street,
oitef-
_ellats.o:v-es—rimnrsutLiiTuAtiNoßno,
SIMULTANEOUS
shiccloi
COLLECTION.
The
collection In aid of the local charities was made
Churches of the town, on Sunday morning
a last. t. At ST.PAULeSco amounted
,PiTNCESP.A.Rtt e
,aftejiaoss.e, rmtogoent
hbeyr
Dr. M`Neile, the collection
with an anonymous pencilled note, of which the following
aeopy___,,£AiooB.7ll,
intahkainnkgs..ionfreallrinag
collection
aecyteioanr ofof prosperitye2io
tiAdtniSerr.cy
to upwards of £B3.—At ST. Pump's, the stun of £52 2s.
was collected. The following are the Charities selected for
support this year :—The Royal Infirmary ; Blue Coat
Hospital; Northern and Southern Hospitals ; Northern
and Southern Dispensaries ; Eastern Dispensary ; School
for the Deaf and Dumb ; and Female Orphan Asylum.
DR. BOWRING ON DECIMAL COINAGE.—On Friday
afternoon a lecture on decimal coinage was delivered
at
the Collegiate Institution, to the pupils and others, by
Dr. Bowring, who, during his stay in Liverpool, is the
guest of Mr. William Brown, M.P. Having prefaced his
remarks by an assurance of the gratification he felt in
being enabled in any way to co-operate with the exertions
of his valued friend, Mr. Brown, who had been endeavour-
ing, and, he believed, successfully endeavouring, to super-
sede that strange and barbarous system which had got
possession of the coinage and the accountancy of this
country, and to introduce something more intelligible, I
more simple, and, of course, more practically useful, Dr.
Bowring gave a history of the various complicated modes
of notation adopted by the ancients, and the less civilized
people of modern days, and contrasted them with the
decimal power. In the evening Dr. Bowring delivered a
similar lecture at the Mechanics' Institution, with Mr.
Brown as chairman, and on Saturday he repeated his
lecture at the Ccucert-ball.

STREET ROBBERY, 'WITH VIOLENCE.—Thomas Peter M`Cabe, and Robert Smith, were charged with
having assaulted and robbed John Darrall, engineer, from
Shropshire, in Banastre-street, on Saturday night, about
half-past eleven o'clock. From the evidence it appeared.
that Darrall, having come to Liverpool on business, was
with a friend on the evening in question in the neighbour-
hood of Banastre-street, when his friend left him. In a
few minutes, Darrall was attacked from behind, when his
feet were knocked from under him, and the prisoner
M`Cabe placed his hand. over prosecutor's mouth to pre.
vent him from calling out, while the others rifled his
pockets, robbing him of his watch, Z 5 10s. in money, his
overcoat, and a- glove. They then ran away, and the
prosecutor having obtained the aid of a policeman, went
in search of the thieves, who were found in a dis.
reputable: house in Banastre-street; In which a glove
belonging to prosecutor, and which had been in his over.
coat pocket at the time he was robbed, was found. No
other portion of the property was discovered. The prose-
cutor, who appeared a very respectable man, identified the
prisoners Fleming and M`Cabe as two of the party
assaulted him. He said he was perfectly sober at the time,
and had not been in a public-house in Liverpool. An
alibi was established on the part of the prisoner Smith,
and he was discharged. The other two were committed
for trial.
ATTEMPTED SIEOP ROBBERY.---A boy, named Joseph
Moore, was charged with attempting to rob the shop-till
of a small confectioner's she, in 73, Warwick-street, on
Sunday, between eleven and twelve o'clock. A witness
saw the prisoner lying over the counter, with his hand at
; the till-drawer, and gave the alarm. The prisoner was
taken into custody, and having been convicted on a pre.
vious occasion, was sentenced to be imprisoned for three
months.

POCKET-PICKING IN STANLEY-STBEET.—John COB_
nelly, a ragged little urchin, was charged with picking the
pocket of a butcher, who was the worse of liquor, in
Stanley-street, on Sunday morning, about half-past one
o'clock. He was seen, by a policeman, to abstract a pocket-
book from the pocket of the tipsey man, and was sentenced
to be imprisoned for three months.
and
ROBBING nan bIIBTBESS.—JuIia Ryley, a poor ragged
dirty-looking girl, was charged with abstracting and
secreting two sovereigns from a drawer belongg to her
mistress, residing in Wesley-street. It appeareind that she
was taken into the house as an act of charity, and her
mistress, on Saturday, missed two sovereigns, with abstract-
ing which she taxed the prisoner. This the latter at first
denied all knowledge of ; but on being pressed, and threat-
ened with the police, her obstinacy gave way, and she first
suggested that search should be made under the mattress
of the bed, and afterwards acknowledged having purloined
the money, which was found where prisoner had suggested,
The mistress expressed a wish to have the girl no further
punished, and she was dismissed with an admonition.

PASSING BASE Corti.--John Brideley, an elderly man,
was charged with passing. two bad shillings on Saturday
night last, in a public-house. It appeared he watched an
opportunity while the landlady was busy, and went and
called for a glass of ale, for which he tendered a shilling,
received change, drank the ale, and walked off. In a
short time afterwards he came back, called for another
glass of ale, and again put down a shilling The first
shilling having by this time been discovered to be had, the
second was looked at, and found to be bad also. The first
shilling had, in the meantime, been broken by some one;
and on the prisoner being charged with passing it, and
also tb, 3. be'

se seconc., le became abusive, swore at all the ac-
cusers, swallowed the second shilling, and threw the
pieces of the first one into the fire. He was taken into
custody, and the fragments of the base coin saved, and was
brought before the magistrates. Mr. Clough said the
prisoner was known at the office as a passer of bad
money, and requested to have the case remanded for a
week, which request was complied with.
Susrx cio us CIR cum STANCE.— Peter MaVeaney and Rose
M`Neaney, who keep a disreputable house in in Richmond.
row, were brought up, charged with having in their posses.
sion a silver watch, which they could not account for.
The female alleged, that the watch had been left as se-
curity for a night's lodgingg by a young man, whom she
did not know. They were remanded till Saturday, to
afford time for further inquiries.

ABSCONDING WITII HIS EXPLOTER'S 3iONEY.—Patrick
Malone, a rough-looking Patlender was charged with ab-
sconding with £8 65., which he had been sent to collect
by his mistress, Jane Perry, residing in Olive-street, Cop-
peras-hill, on Saturday last. Not returning with the
money, search was made, and the prisoner was found
about to embark on board the Drogheda steamer, he hav-
ing paid for his passage. He was taken into custody, and
£8 6s. 441. was found in his possession. He said he did,
not mean to steal the money. Remanded till nest day.
THE FORGED ORDERS FOR DELIVERY OF COTTON.-1i
John Woods, late a clerk in the employ of Messrs. Seicton; was brought up on remand from last Monday, on a charge
of having presented forged orders for the delivery of cot-
ton, whereby forty-three bales had been fraudidentlrre--
moved from Messrs. Seddon's warehonse. Mr.- Clough
applied for another remand, as the evidence had not yet
been quite completed. The attorney for the prisoner ob-
jected to the remand. He said that, even on the previous
ecrlhaelai(de.eodnoghupdl a.
udt obtainedthat
Remandediin
occasion, there had not been evidence sufficient to justify
a remand, and nothing new had since transpired to iuxpli
cate his client in any degree farther than had then been
a clew to the transaction, and was now in the country en-
adduced. Mr. Clough
addaear oulslnwgo thoetransathete
till Wednesday.. isolaa;lodwp;:r.iypde;..bcht:

gir:nßOYunALdMerEtßhSeEYpaYtr,ioCnagllTeCoLfutßheßßoA.LLy.td—
_.
Thmeersbeyallytalet
Club, for the benefit of the Liverpool Sailors' Home, takes
place in the Town Hall, on Thursday night. The atten-
dance is expected to be numerous. There will be, we
understand, a brilliant display of plate on the supper
table, including several of the finest prizes won by the
yachts belonging to the members ; among them will be
two of Her Majesty's Cups, won by the Bacchante and
Coralie ; also, the first grand Challenge Cup of this club,
won by the Vision.
THE LATE MR. THOMAS PAnn.---Our obituary to-clay
announces the death of Mr. Parr, registrar of one of the
local districts. He was a gentleman of refined taste and
a cultivated intellect. As an artist, the late Earl of Derby
held him in high esteem; and his occasional poems will
compare advantageously with many of his contemporaries
He was an excellent judge of art, and, what was better
he had a good heart, which endeared him to al: - - -
his family adored him.—Liverpool Journal.
THE ORATORIO AT THE PHILHARMONIC HALL.--•
Handel's magnificent oratorio of "SaMson" will be rendered
this evening by the full strength of the Philharmonic
Society. There is no melody equal to sacred music, of
which Handel has left us the finest specimens, and
" Samson" is considered one of the best of his works.
None who really delight in music should miss the op ortu
nity which will be afforded this evening, of which -oPn f"
l
the most pleasing features will be that fine solo, "Let en °e
bright seraphim," by Madame Viardot. Garcia.
LIVERPOO A L .ISI2ITEIJR GLEE AND MADRIGAL UNION.
—The sixth performance of this society, given in Clayton
Hall, on Friday evening, -*tis more scantily attended than
the previous ones, no doubt owing to the attractions at
the two theatres, in Herr Carl Formes' and Mr. G. V.
Brooke's benefits. The glees and madrigals sung by the
union were, in almost every instance, most effectively
Fiven. We may more especially mention Mendelssohn's
' Hunting Song ;" "Sleep, gentle lady,"
by Bishop;
The wanderer's night song," by Hauptmann ; and
" Venerabilis barba capucinorum," by Michael Haydn.
' The last-named piece was a novelty
in Liverpool, created
much amusement, and was honoured by au enthusiastic
encore. It is a musical joke, the words " Venerabilis
barba capucinorum" ("the venerable beard of a monk")
and grotesque effect. We are
a very singular
being sung in. single letters and syllables, with, occa-
sionally,l
fished, nor has it, that we are aware of, been known that
On the
under the impression that the piece has never been pub..
such a relic of Michael-Haydn was in existence,
tilrveeryf hlixautif—'
vin-egerleecgtivot:enth,reepryian 9 satisfactorily,ssagesw hithe
nwwyholed,efteheet
being
se
one or two of the trebles manifested. Of the solos,
we cannot speak so satisfactorily, as one
.or two of them
indifferently given. Mr. 3liddleton's song
were very
encore. We has e
" Madolin e" was , a dtomi:paebalky
insusnagy, aonf dthreecpeiiavnend.i.nartheearry.
n compositions
fo ce of Herr Unger, a
.German aurtii:tpee,rfwohnnano had
previouslyl3e7laCnardliPearits.heedtasinteLwiviert Liverpool.
which he played was
s oiv
twoni
fooa
snt
aapiecebrilliant,ira btu his execu-
tion
a high place among our first-
his qualities. Herr Unger is
reason to expect that he will
The performance was
soupnn
class
no tdntupaltepeleena
t;
.:,t,
conducted by Mr. Lidel, and the accompaniments were
iln
andLpleasing'entitledoilpl.lei, lunfvlcdkeh
again, ,
given by Mr. Edmund Smith with taste and judgment.

1 his frient

4 CONFESSION.
WHEN first I looked upon thy face,
0 sister of the meek-eyed Dove I
I wondered at its gentle grace,
But never thought of love.

-•-•
And when, again, in later days,
Thy simple tale of grief I heard.
My heart outwent my lips' weak praise,
But ne'er a pulse was stirred.

Slow►y, at length, the feeling grew,
All common Passions far above ;
I found that when thyself I knew,
To know thee was to love.

Bat now, when years have passed, and these

Rave brought us mutual joy and pain,
When children gathering round our knees,
Hut closer draw the chain ;

I find my days have been so free

From loneliness, despair, or strife,
If my late love grew dear to me,
How precious is the wife I

Nor thou with disappointment hear
A secret I had ne'er confessed,
Were that slow trust that made thee dear

Less rooted in my breast,

Not thine the vain and wanton look
On which the moths of passion feed,
Nor is thy soul such trivial book

As he who runs may read

Nor envy I the vagrant race
Whose loves as soon as felt are gone,
Who wander on from face to face,
Till age shall leave themllone.

The gourd that in a night appeared
Next noon had withered on the sand
The oak a hundred years have reared,
For ages crowns the land.

—Blackwood's Magazine

REVIEWS OF BOOKS,

The Poetical Works of Alexander Pope. Edited
by Robert Carruthers. Vols. I. and IL London :
N. Cook.

A new and comprehensive edition of Pope's
works, in the middle of the nineteenth century,
after the labours of that eminent author have been
110 frequently published, may appear to some parties
a superfluous undertaking ; by the majority of the
intelligent public, however, the production will be
looked on with a very different eye. Few authors,
perhaps none, have contributed so much to the
purification and refinement of the English language
as Pope has done. To the sweetest harmony of
versification he added precision of expression, and
sonorous accuracy of lan
redundancy of eve guage. Rudeness and
ry kind he carefully eschewed ;
to a chaste propriety of diction, he added
vigour and terseness, combined with'polished ele-
gance ; and by his precept and example, did much
to establish the language in its present position as
a classic tongue. This, be it remembered, is a
character to which Pope's poetical and prose com-
positions, as compositions, are entitled, apart from
and independent of a considerable amount of coarse-
ness and indelicacy of sentiment which they occa-
sionally contain ; and which, in a very great
degree, may be attributed to the manners of the
period. To reproduce his works, therefore, in a
form so elegant yet so cheap, as to bring it readily
within reach of the humbler class of readers, while
its beauty and completeness will recommend it to
those of ampler means, is to confer on society a boon
of no ordinary character. The edition now under
consideration is to consist of four volumes, two only
as yet being published. The first is devoted to a
life of Pope, on the production of which, Mr. Car-
ruthers, editor of the Inverness Courier, has b.?stowed much and well-directed labour. His
biographical sketch conveys to the reader a lively
idea of the irrascible, jealous, and somewhat vindic-
tive poet, whose sickly and deformed body was the
tenement of a mind ill at ease, yet generally cha-
racterised by spirited and becoming independence.
As a biographer, Mr. Carruthers displays no small
amount of industry, tempered with good judg-
ment and sound sense ; •his style is easy, uncon-
strained, and marked by delineative ability of
no ordinary power ; while his penetration and sense
of justice secure a fair amount of impartiality in
his estimate of Pope's character as a man, and
standing as a poet and satirist.. The following
may be taken as a fair, and also a favourable, speci-
men of Mr. Carruthers' style. It conveys a lively
idea of Pope, in his every-day sort of life, and is
happily indicative of the prevailing tone
eofr a ry
and
society
as that was to be met with in the lit
fashionable circles which characterised, if they did
century, not adorn, the initiatory decade of the eighteenth

THE GAY PERIOD OF POPE'S LIFE.
The Homer subscription had brought the poet honour,
wealth, and troops of friends. The year 1714 may be
considered as marking the commencement of the gayest
period of Pope's life. It was the beginning of a decade of
prosperous years, in which, through all circumstances,
his spirit was sanguine, exultant defiant. He had not
yet assumed the philosopher's robe, or hardened down
into severe satire and ethics. His wit was sportive ; and
his enemies—for he always supposed himself to be sur-
rounded by a cloud of enemies—he could afford to smile
at. His pen was the sword with which he had cut his
Way through the world, and it was bright and trenchant,
ready for any service. At first his good fortune seems to
have transported him into excesses foreign to his real
character. He set up for a bon-vivant and rake—fre-
quented the October Club and gaming-houses (but was
never known to bet) ; boasted of sitting till two in the
morning over burgundy and champagne, and g
ashamed of business. Poor authors, of course, wererew his special aversion. He sketched plans and architectural
bras with Lord Burlington ; lounged in the library of
Oxford breakfasted with C ; talked of the
Spanish war with the chivalrous
Mordaunt, Lord Peter-
borough, the English Amadis • or, in the evening,
joined in the learned raillery of Arbuthnot. With young
Lord Warwick and other beaux-esprits he had delicious
lobster nights and tavern
in Windsor Forest ! gaieties—how different from life
At the ry seats of Lords Har-
court, Bathurst, and Cobham count
be was a frequent visitor
--criticising groves, walks, glades, gardens, and porticoes ;
and he may claim the merit of having done more than any
other poet to render English scenes classic ground—a dis-
tinction in which he was followed by Gray and Walpole,
the latter acting as historian of patrician improvement
and rural beauty. In the society of ladies of rank and
fashion the diminutive figure of the poet might be seen,
in his suit of black velvet, with tie-wig and small sword,
discoursing on topics of wit and gallantry, his fine eye
and handsome, intellectual face soon making the defects
of his person forgotten; for, in company entirely to his
Mind, Pope then possessed the art and gaiety that could
" Lady Mary Wortley Montagu had recently quitted her
retirement at Wharncliffe, and shone "a bright particular
star" in the brilliant circles of the metropolis. Pope was
often by her tide, whispering flatteries that were after-
wards to be changed to curses. The Duchesses of Queens-
laurelled poet, and carried him to their concerts and
pleasure parties on the Thames. The Maids of Honour
in the court of the Princess Caroline—the beautiful Mary
Bellenden, Mary Le 11 Miss Griffin, and Mrs. Howard,
admitted him to their confidence—" took him into their
protection, contrary to the laws against harbouring
Papists"—and instructed him in the tracaneries of the
court, or joined him in ridiculing pompous Ministers of
State. They had also their own grievances to pour into
the poet's ear; for the life of a Maid of Honour was little
better at Hampton Court, under the philosophical Caro-
line, than Fanny Burney found it at Kew or Windsor
under the regime of Queen Charlotte and George M.
Of Pope's great satire, " The Dunciad," one of
the greatest and most important, if not the greatest
and most important in the English language, Mr.
Carruthers gives us the following judicious
ESTIMATE OP THE DIINCIAD.
The object of the satire (which was chiefly to expose
authors unworthy of exposure) is undignified, and in
many parts is effected at the sacrifice of decency and pro-
priety. Swift has been accused of familiarizing Pope with
images physically disgusting and impure, which most men
Instinctively shun. This indelicacy, however, was appa-
rent before the acquaintance of the two wits commenced.
It is seen in Pope's boyish lines on Elkanah Settle, and in
subsequent productions, especially his imitationsof Chaucer
and Spencer. But as Swift was at Twickenham when
Part, at least, of " The Dunciad" was composed, and as the
grossness we have alluded to is nowhere so conspicuous as
in this poem, the Dean's conversation and example may
have still farther vitiated the taste and blunted the per-
ceptions of his friend. The second book of " The Dam-lad"
18 greatly disfigured, and in some parts rendered absolutely
repulsive from this cause.
In these remarks we think Mr. Carruthers
Presses his inferences rather severely upon the
Dean of St. Patrick's, particularly as he himself
admits that Pope required " no prompter" in indeli-
"72 as was apparent in his boyish lines.
The second volume commences the poetry, which
Is furnished with copious notes, and contains many
-nein,loPe's best known and most admired pieces,
:fOng the " Rape of the Lock." Both volumes
e profusely as well as tastefully illustrated by
eevetlY-exectited wood-engravings, among which
diffs9veral characteristic portraits of the poet,
re,vr'llg considerably from each other in some
6Lects, yet all less or more tinctured with
simi-
-wader and expression.

4A Historic Society
cfrlngs and Papers of --e • 1: The
its—to2rinceizssochiiret and Cheshire. Liverpool The tranga.etiorYis. of a Literary Society is neces-
arilY at all tirnes an object of much local interest,
and that i4terest is enhanced in a very
gree, when thehigh de-
Papers are themselves of an im-
portant local natasteture, and are written with literary
elegance and
Among the papers printed in
this number, one possessing peculiar local charms
is on the subject of Lancashire and Cheshire-men
of the siztveuth ciutury ; it ifs from the pen of

Dr. A. Hume, and relates chiefly to the part per-
formed by the chivalry and soldiers of the two
counties which border the Mersey, at the memor-
able battle of Flodden' which has formed a fertile
and stirring fheme for the minstrelsy of both
kingdoms. After alluding, in felicitous terms, to
the metrical celebrations of the event in both coun-
tries,we find the following judicious remarks on the
PRESENT CONDITION OF LANCASHIRE AND CHESHIRE.

Three centuries and a half have passed, and a monarch,
who unites the blood of the Scottish and English royal
lines, rules on both sides of the Border. The sword has
become a plough-share; and the descendants of Scottish
knights, who found a grave with their people at Flodden,
are proud and happy to sympathise with the men of the
palatine counties, and are as jealous for the honour of the
district as the children of the soil. But though the people
of our own island are one in heart and interest at present,
it is well to revert to the troublous times of the past.
Whatever we may say of the aggressors, let us honour the
memory of the stout-hearted patriots ; and while we record
their gallant deeds, let us learn to imitate them in similar
circumstances. There was lately a little cloud hlie a man's
hand, rising in the south beyond the channel, which may
even yet be the forerunner of a storm ; but if so, and if
the battle of Hastings must be fought again, the story of
it shall be told like that of Flodden or of Bannockburn.
In the centuries that have passed, our island empire has
been consolidated at home and extended abroad, yet the
two counties of Lancashire and Cheshire have 'increased
instead of diminished in relative importance. Lancashire
alone outnumbers Middlesex in population ; and the two
together, will probably in after years, equal the whole of
Scotland. Nor is their importance limited to mere
numbers ; that is one of the smallest elements in the
calculation. Two prominent parties in the State are both
identified with this one shire ; and, to use the language of
the law, the cross case recently tried before the Supreme
Court was Manchester versus Knowsley, Knowsley versus
Manchester. Our own neighbourhood, too, modern as it
is, has links of interest that connect us with the past,
for the Hall of Speke contains the trophy of Norres, and
the Church at Sefton proclaims the prowess of Molyneux.
It is interesting, too, to trace a stream of noble blood,
pure and distinct, amid centuries of change;—to follow it
like a thread of gold or silver, amid the complicated tissue
of a more homely fabric. Thus, the representative of
Molyneux is at this hour the military head, the Lord
Lieutenant of this great county; while the representative
of Stanley, still keeping his position in the race of
honourable ambition, has stood foremost in the councils
of his Sovereign. Nor is the soil of the district exhausted
yet. It produces fruits which are rare and valuable in
themselves, and still more rare in their combination ;
commerce and manufacture, agriculture and mining.
And, though last not least, it possesses another union of
rare and valuable qualities ; for while history has been
delighted to honour the valour of its sons, tradition and
poetry have been at least equally zealous in proclaiming
the witchery of its daughters."

The number also contains interesting papers
from the pen of the Rev. J. S. Howson, James
Stonehouse, Esq., the Rev. Dr. Thom, the Rev.
W. Thornber, and others. It is likewise illus-
trated by a number of engravings, lithographs, and
wood-cuts ; and is altogether a publication highly
creditable to the society whose proceedings it
records.

The Bible of the _Reformation Reformed. Three
Volumes in Seven Books. By John Finch, Esq.,
merchant, Liverpool. London : James Rigby.
To their credit generally, it must be admitted
that the merchants of Liverpool adhere with a
rigid and becoming pertinacity to the management
of their important, and often very complex business
matters, leaving the field of literature and art to
be cultivated by such hands as have more leisure
to bestow on its seductive, though often unpro-
ductive and ungrateful soil. When a literary out-
break from mercantile avocations takes place
among their number, the effort is certain to excite
attention and to call forth remark ; but when, as
in the instance before ns, it assumes so bold a
character as to essay the improvement—reforma-
tion it is called—of our accepted version of the
Holy Scriptures, curiosity is awakened with a
livelier start, and a watchful inquiry is set on foot
to ascertain the amount of interference intended to
be made with that sacred volume which professing
Christians of every denomination are taught to
look on with reverential awe. The extent and
character of the professed amendments intro-
duced by Mr. Finch, we pretend not to esti-
mate or designate ; that is a task more fitting for
the pen and more congenial to the studies of some
of our learned divines. We shall confine our ob-
servations, and they shall be brief, to the fact that
Mr. Finch, in the form of prefatory and introduc-
tory remarks, has attached to his version of the
Bible some very peculiar dogmas of sectarian
faith, and in terms by no means sparing or choice,
however carefully they may have been chosen,
attacks the religious observances of all who do not
coincide with his views on the subject of religion ;
whilehe exhibits uncompromising bitterness against
the privileges and observances of the Established
Church. The introduction of such matter into
such close contact with what purports to be a nar-
rative of the sacred oracles of God, cannot be
looked on by any Christian as other than unbe-
coming; while many, and those neither bigoted nor
illiberal, will view the proceeding as highly repre-.
hensible, if not absolutely impious. The Word of
God they must feel is of too sacred a character to
be thus, as it were, surreptitiously made the vehicle
of vituperative sectarian controversy, and in this
view will lend no favourable countenance to the
work before us. 11•••••••••

Lorenzo Benoni : Passages in the Life of an

Italian. Edinburgh Constable and Co.
This story, which is given in the form of an
autobiography, is written with much spirit. The
adventures and scenes introduced run through the
periods of boyhood, adolescence, and manhood. and
they are elaborated with such skill and art as to
seem the truthful flow of individual experience.

The .Ecclesiastical History of _England and
Normandy. By Ordericus Vitalis. London :
Henry G. Bohn.
To the student of English ecclesiastical history
the annals of Ordericus Vitalis are invested with a
peculiar interest, connecting that history as they
do with the events which, occurring on the adjacent
continental state of Normandy, produced a lasting
effect on the ecclesiastical institutions of this
country. The volume is prefaced by some admi-
rable introductory remarks from the pen of M.
Guizot. The period comprised in that portion of
the annals contained in the volume under conside-
ration extends from the Birth of Christ to the
year 1066, and necessarily embraces many interest-
ing events in the history of the Church ; it is par-
ticularly rich in the legends and traditions of the
period, as these were to be met with in monkish
records.

VARIETIES.

SLANDERS are like flies, that leap over a man's good
parts to alight upon his sores. _

- THE FA-SITIOI-fABLE STRIKE AMONGST THE LOWEST
CLASSES.—A brute of a husband is one who fancies, when
he marries, that he is at perfect liberty to treat his wife as
if she were no better than a street-door, on which there
was nailed the polite request : " Please to ring and knock."
THE MODEST MAIDEN, the prudent wife, or the careful
matron is much more serviceable in life than petticoated
philosophers, blustering heroines, or virago queens. She
who makes her husband happy, and reclaims him from
vice, is a much greater character than ladies described in
romance, whose whole occupation is to murder mankind
with shafts from their quiver or their eyes.—Goldsmith.
TIEN-TE TUE CHINESE USURPER.—In his habits he is
silent and reserved; he lives in close retirement, only
showing himself occasionally to his immediate followers,
and then only to issue his commands. His expression,
though far from prepossessing, denotes mildness, com-
bined with great decision and a degree of firmness verging
upon obstinacy. His complexion is sallow, with a decided
saffron tinge. In stature he is about the middle height ;
and though of about the same age, is taller and less
strongly built than Hienfoung the Emperor, whose
deposition he seems resolved, at all hazards, to effect. He
travels in a palanquin enclosed with curtains of amber-
coloured silk, borne on the shoulders of sixteen officers of
distinction ; his preceptor, or privy councillor, or adviser,
carried by eight coolies, follows immediately in his wake ;
and then come Tien-te's 30 devoted wives, for all of whom
he is said to possess the sincerest affection. They are arrayed
in costly apparel, and follow each other in single file, not
as they might on the shores of the placid Serpentine, in
Clarences or Broughams, but in commodious arm-chairs
picked out with vermillion and gold. A long retinue of
servants and a vast array of soldiers bring up the rear of
the procession, which is said, upon the whole, strongly to
resemble those gorgeous affairs occasionally exhibited on
the boards of the Lyceum.—Quarterly Review.
BARBOURNE GRANGE—THE ENGLISH PARK.—In no
place save England can you find those emblems of solid
wealth which are to be found in every county into which
our country is divided. We allude of course, to those
domains called " Parks," in which the country residences
of our nobility and gentry are situated. In France you
may have fine houses, dignified by the name of chateau,
in which hospitality may be supported; but they lack that
indescribable appearance of comfort which an English
country residence possesses. There is that about the
appearance of an English park which finds no parallel in
France, and which England alone can produce. Around
a French mansion in the country there is dreariness, and
comparatively a desert. Round the mansion of an English
country gentleman there is the broad domain, ornamented
by ancestral trees, which are typical of the strength and
wealth of the class to which they belong; and Barbourne
Grange is such a place. The house is one of those solid
structures which combine elegance with comfort, and is
essentially an English country gentleman's residence. The
house is white all over, being cemented over the bricks of
which it is built. In the centre are folding glass doors,
leading to which is a low flight of stone steps, ornamented
with diminutive trellised work and small stone carvings.
At each end of the mansion are green-houses, stored with
the choicest productions of the horticultural world, and
communicating by glass doors with chambers in the house.
Around the mansion is a noble park, to produce which
must have been the work of centuries, seeing that every
tree with which it is ornamented is of gigantic size and in
high Perfection.—Dick Dinging.

MOTTO FOR THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.—" Between
you, me, and the Post."—Punch.
AN UNPUBLISHED SONG, by Dante, has been found in
the library of the Prince Barberini, at Rome.

THE BEARD AND MOUSTACHE MOVEMENT.—RaiIway
Guard : "Now, ma'am, is this your luggage ?" Old lady
(who concludes she is attacked by brigands) : " Oh, yes !
gentlemen, it's mine. Take it—take all I have; but spare,
oh spare our lives ! !"—Punch.
HANNAH MORE.—" I know not," says Mrs. H. More,
" whether my writings have promoted the spiritual welfare
of my readers, but they have enabled me to do good by
private charity and public beneficence. I am almost
ashamed to say that they have brought me thirty thousand
pounds." . . .

GRAY mentions, in his recently-published letters, an
old alderman he knew, who, after living forty years on
the fat of the land (not milk and honey, but arrack-punch
and venison), and losing his great toe with a mortification,
said to the last that he owed it to two grapes which he
eat one day after dinner. He felt them lie cold on his
stomach the minute they were down.
CARRYING TUE BABY.—The most beautiful sight in
nature, met lately by a florid correspondent, was a woman,
" Grace was in her step, heaven in her eye, and in her arms
a baby." A rosebush with a bud clinging to it was nothing
compared with such a heavenly combination. But what
was poor John like, when the baby was handed to him to
carry ?
A NEW, BUT NOT IMPROVED, VERSION.—During a
discussion at a late church convention in America, the
Hon. Luther Bradish (late governor of New York) spoke
of new translations of the Bible lately put forth in
America, and produced much amusement by quoting one
of these, in which for the words, " no variableness nor
shadow of turning," there is substituted "no parallax, or
tropical shadow."
FAST AND Loosz.—An Irishman, just landed in this
country on a sharp frosty morning, was run at by a fierce,
noisy mastiff, who threatened to devour him ; whereupon
Pat stooped down and seized a stone, with which he
expected to stave in his assailant's frontispiece, but found
the stone frozen fast—a phenomenon utterly new to his
experience. " A fine land of liberty ;" soliloquised Pat,
sulkily, " where they let their dogs loose, and tie their
stones fast to the ground."—American Paper.
A MATCH FOR ABERNETHY.—Sometimes Mr. Aber-
nethy would meet with a patient who would afford a useful
lesson. A lady, the wife of a very distinguished musician,
consulted him, and finding him uncourteons, said : " I had
heard of your rudeness before I came, Mr, but I did not
expect this." When .Abernethy gave her the prescription,
she said : " What am Ito do with this ?" Anything
you like. Put it in the fire, if you please." The lady took
him at his word—laid his fee on the table, and threw the
prescription into the fire, and hastily left the room.
Abernethy followed her into the hall, pressing her to take
back her fee or to let him give her another prescription ;
but the lady was inexorable, and left the house.—Macil-
wain's Memoirs of Abernethy.
PEN-AND-INK SKETCH OF NICHOLAS.—The Emperor
is of a great height, and is very proud of it ; too proud,
perhaps, as he has acquired the habit of certain airs, which
often give him a strong resemblance to a peacock when
about to spread his tail. It is a fact well known in St.
Petersburg, that every well-grown man newly recruited
for the guard is called into the Emperor's presence, who
measures heights with him. His air is serious, his glance
wild, even a little savage ; his entire physiognomy has
something hard and stern in it ; his gestures are abrupt,
and he cuts his words in pronouncing them. The Em-
peror never shows himself but in the military costume,
the stiffness of which is in perfect keeping with his tastes,
and which makes his great height still more conspicuous.
Meanwhile, there is a want of ease in his movements ;
since a fall from his:horse,he drags one leg after him in a dis-
agreeably inelegant manner.— The Czar and the Sultan.

ALEXANDER THE GREAT IN CHlNA.—After Alexander
had made war against Paor, or Porus, and slain him, he
marched against the Emperor of China. That monarch
did not consider himself equal to the conflict, and went in
disguise to the Grecian camp. He was discovered, and
brought to Alexander, who asked him how he could act in
such a manner ? The Emperor replied, " I was anxious
to see you and your army. I could have no fear on my
own account, as I knew I was not an object of dread to
Alexander ; besides, if he were to slay me, my subjects
would instantly raise another king to the throne. But of
this I can have no fear, as I am satisfied Alexander can
never be displeased with an action that shows a solicitude
to obtain his friendship." The conqueror was completely
overcome by this truly Chinese flattery, and concluded a
treaty by which China was spared on condition of paying
tribute. The Emperor returned to his capital to make
preparations for the entertainment of his great ally; and
the third day he returned with an army, the dust of which
announced its great numbers, which made Alexander pre-
pare his force for battle. When both lines were opposite,
the Emperor of China, with his ministers and nobles,
alighted and went towards the Grecian Prince, who asked
him why he had broken faith ? " I wished," said the
Emperor, "to show the number of my army, that you
might be satisfied I made peace from other motives than
an inability to make war. It was from consulting the
stars that I have been led to submit. The heavens aid
you, and I war not with them." Alexander was so
gratified that he released the Emperor from paying tribute,
as he was too wise, too pious, and too great a prince ; he
was perfectly satisfied to have hisfriendship.—Montgomery
Martin's China.

DEATH AMONG TILE Rums.—ln digging out the ruins
of Pompeii, every turn of the spade brings up some relic
of ancient life, some witness of imperial luxury. For
far the greater part, these relics have a merely curious in-
terest ; they belong to archieology, and find appropriate
resting-places in historical museums. But there are some
exceptions. Here, for instance, the excavator drops, an
uninvited guest, upon a banquet; there he unexpectedly
obtrudes himself into a tomb. In one place he finds a
miser cowering on his heaps, another shows him bones of
dancing girls and broken instruments of music lying on
the marble floor. In the midst of painted chambers, baths,
halls, columns, fountains, among the splendid evidences of
material wealth, he sometimes stumbles on a simple inci-
dent, a touching human story, such as strikes the imagina-
tion and suggests the mournful interest of the great disas-
ter, as the sudden sight of a wounded soldier conjures up
the horrors of a field of battle. Such, to our mind, is the ,
latest discovery of the excavators in this melancholy field.
It is, a group of skeletons in the act of flight, accompanied
by a dog. There are three human beings, one of them a
young girl, with gold rings and jewels still on her fingers.
The fugitives had bags of gold and silver with them,
snatched up, no doubt, in haste and darkness. But the
fiery flood was on their track, and vain their wealth, their
flight, the age of one, the youth of the other. The burn-
ing lava rolled above them and beyond ; and the faithful
dog turned back to share the fortunes of its mistress, dying
at her side. Seen by the light of such an incident, how
vividly that night of horror looms upon the sense ! Does
not imagination picture that little group, in their own
house, by the side of their evening fountain, languidly
chatting over the day's events and of the unusual heat?
Does it not hear, with them, the troubled swell of the
waters in the bay; see, as they do, how the night comes
down in sudden strangeness, how the sky opens over head
and flames break out, while scoriae, sand, and molten rocks
come pouring down ? What movement, what emotion,
what surprise ! The scene grows darker every instant, the
hollow monotone of the bay is lifted into yells and shrieks,
the air grows thick with dust and hot with flames, and at
the mountain's foot is heard the deadly roll of the liquid
lava. Jewels, household goods, gold and silver coins, are
snatched up on the instant. No time to say farewell ;
darkness in front, and fire behind, they rush into the streets,
streets choked with falling houses and flying citizens. How
find the way through passages which have no longer out-
lets ? Confusion, danger, darkness, uproar everywhere, the
shouts of parted friends, the agony of men struck down by
falling columns ; fear, madness, and despair unchained ;
here penury clutching the gold it cannot keep ; there glut-
tony feeding on its final meal ; and phrenzy striking in the
dark to forestal death. Through all, fancy hears the young
girl's screams • the fire is on her jewelled hand. No
time for thought, no pause ; the flood rolls on, and wis-
dom, beauty, age, and youth, with all the stories of their
love, their hopes, their rank, wealth, greatness, all the once
affluent life, are gone for ever. When unearthed, after
many ages, the nameless group has no other importance to
mankind than as it may serve "to point a moral or adorn
a tale."—Atheneum.
EXTENT OF TILE BRITISH POSSESSIONS IN INDIA.—
Our territory is equal to all continental Europe, Russia
excepted. Peshawur is as far north of Tanjore as Stock-
holm is of Naples ; Chittagong as far east of Kurrachee
as Athens is of Paris. Germany, Italy, France, Spain,
Holland, Belgium, Denmark, and Sweden, unitedly, do
not equal either our territory or our population. The re-
port of the grand trigonometrical survey, which has lately
been printed for parliament, gives the total,—area in
square miles, 1,368,113 ; population, 151,144,962. And a
corrected copy, with which we have been favoured, adds
seven millions and a half to this population, most of which
is in our own territories, but part in the native states,
making the total 158,774,055. But the fact is, that even
from our territories many of the returns are no better
than guesses, and from the native states few are to be
relied upon. It has, however, generally proved that ac-
curate returns give a higher population than previous
estimates ; and after considerable attention to the subject
for years, we should not be surprised to find the official
statement gradually coming up from its present advanced
figure, to nearly two hundred millions. This splendid
empire is distributed into four governments or presidencies
—Bengal, Madras, Bombay, and Agra. The first is the
seat of the governor-general and the supreme council ;
the next two have each a governor and council ; and Agra
is administered by a lieutenant-governor without a council.
The army is—Queen's troops, 29,480 ; company's Eu-
ropean troops, 19,928 ; company's native troops, 240,121 ;
total, 289,529 ; native contingents, commanded by British
officers, and available under treaties, 32,000 • total at the
disposal of the governor-general, 321,529. This is a great
army ; yet its proportion to the extent of the empire pre-
sents a forcible comment on the nature of the British rule.
Compare it with the proportion which the armies of the
continent bear to the population of the respective coun-
tries, and you might imagine that they were holding con-
quered nations, and we governing our hereditary soil.
Forty-nine thousand out of the whole are Englishmen—a
less number than is generally found necessary to garrison
the one city of Paris. Even the native rajahs, with a
population of 55,000,000, have 400,000 soldiers ; while we,
with double the population, have 110,000 less, though they
are guaranteed against external war, and we have to take
all risks. Then our 240,000 native troops are a strength
or a weakness, just as our authority is popular or the re-
verse. Were their attachment lost, how formidable would
they be, taught in our mode of war, and five times as nu-
merous as the English soldiers. Were they and the troops
of the rajahs united against us, it would be 60,000 against
640,000. You may travel through India for days together
without coining on a military station. You may pass
through kingdoms with three millions or more inhabit-
ants, containing only one post of European troops. You
may find great cities without a soldier ; the remains of
vast fortifications, near which not a uniform is visible.
Facts such as these, when contrasted with the constant
display of military force in the countries of even civilized
Europe, forcibly prove that the power of the English has
foundations in the homes of the people as well as in the
cantonments of the soldiery. In the native regiments the
officers are, as to numbers, about half native, half English ;
but no native officer can rise higher than to a sort of cap-
taincy or majority, and even then is under the youngest
European ensign,—a position much worse than that en-
joyed by Hindoos in the armies of the Mussulmans. Ben-
gal, Madras, and Bombay, have three distinct armies, and
three commandere-in-eluef.—Quarterly Review.

THE ARTIFICIAL PROPAGATION OP SALMON has been
commenced at Perth.

Upwenna of £1,200 has been raised for the sufferers by
the late inundations at Cork.

NOTHING—A NEW DEFINITION.—That portion of a
lady's head on which her bonnet rests.

LADIES' MouTns.—An old beau says : " A lady's mouth
never looks so beautiful as when she is pronouncing the
word ' Yes.' "

A NAVY SURGEON, who loved to prescribe salt water,
fell overboard one day. " Zonnds, Will," said a sailor,
"there's the doctor tumbled into his own medicine chest."
A FEARFUL STRlKE.—Talking of strikes, we hope the
Emperor of Russia will not take it into his head to strike
the balance of Europe.

WAITING FOR THE CARRIAGE.—Charles (seven years
old)—" Thiti will be a stupid affair, Georgy." Georgy (a
young lady of nine winters)—" Oh ! yes—only a white
frock and black mitten party—very slow !" Old nurse
wonders what neat.—Punch.

KENNY DODD ON THE RITSSIAN QUESTION.—TO all
appearance we are not far from a war; but where it's to
be, and with whom, is hard to say. There's no doubt but
fighting is a costly amusement; and I believe no country
pays so heavily for her fun in that shape as England ;
but, nevertheless, there is nothing would so much tend to
revive her drooping and declining influence on the con-
tinent as a little brush at sea. She is, I take it, as good
as certain to be victorious ; and the very fervour of the
enthusiasm success would evoke in England would go far
to disabuse the foreigner of his notion that we are only
eager about printing calicoes and sharpening Sheffield
ware. Believe me, it is vital to us to eradicate this fallacy ;
and until the world sees a British fleet reeling up the
Downs with some half-dozen dismasted line-of-battle ships
in their wake, they'll not be convinced of what you and I
know well, that we are just the same people that fought
the Nile and Trafalgar. Those industrial exhibitions, I
think, brought out a great deal of trashy sentimentality
about universal brotherhood, peace, and the rest of it. I
suppose the Crystal Palace rage was a kind of allegory to
show that they who live in glass houses shouldn't throw
stones ; but our ships, Tom, our ships, as the song says,
are "hearts of oak !" The Dodd Family Abroad.
THE IBIS.—A most beautiful feature in the Nile voyage
is the sight of birds, as tame as if domesticated, perching
on your boat, on the housetops, on the palms, on the
backs of oxen and of camels, chirping, warbling, skipping,
everywhere as free and joyous as if they never knew an
enemy. Nor have they an enemy in the native population,
for the Egyptians do not molest birds, only travellers
affright them with the sportsman's gun. This may be
because the Egyptians are an unarmed people, but, to
whomsoever the credit belongs, let Egyptians have the
praise of the land where birds are safe and free. Most
sweetly do they carol at sunrise, and at sunset in the
acacia groves and among the palms. Some, of unknown
names, are of beautiful plumage and delicate form ; but
the bird, for which the traveller looks from the moment
be enters Egypt, is the pure and sacred Ibis. We had
several times seen at a'distance a bird that we conjectured
must be this, but to-day we had a nearer view, that by
comparison with the sculptured form quite satisfied us of
its identity. It was a most delicate creature, about a foot
long, from the beak to the tip of the tail, with long,
slender legs, and a neck that curved gracefully and ter-
minated in a long, crooked beak. It was of stainless
white, and, when it flew, seemed rather to swim with
gentlest motion on a buoyant sea. The selection of such
a bird as sacred, and the association of it with their
religious sculptures, shows a nice sense of beauty in the old
Egyptians.—Rev. J. Thompson's Letters from the Nile.
ARCHEOLOGY.--A discovery has been made on the
small Danish island Yhrlen, which may not be without its
interest among historians and antiquaries of the day. This
little insignificant spot is situate between the islands of
Thorseng and Fyen, close to Fuhnen. Some persons, ob-
serving near a few moleholes in the ground several coins
lying about, commenced digging up the soil dose thereto ;
when, to their surprise, they found the remains of a
leathern bag, which had been decorated with gold orna-
ments, in which, and round about it, were a quantity of
broken necklaces and bracelets of silver, of very curious
workmanship, and 250 pieces of silver coins. These coins
in part contained on the obverse side the bust of some
person, with and without a sceptre, with the inscription
" Adelred Rx Anglo ;" and on the reverse a cross, with an
inscription, but which as yet has not been made out. It
is thought that these coins belonged to some portion of
the " Danegold" by which king " Ethelred the Unwise,"
at the conclusion of the 10th century, sought to compro-
mise the devastating incursions of the Danish King
"Svend Tveskjog." Besides these coins there were others,
bearing Byzantine and Latin inscriptions, with busts and
bishops' mitres on them. In all, there are 30 different
sorts of coins found, all of which will soon be forwarded
to the Ancient Northern Museum at Copenhagen. The
island in question has never been touched by the plough-
share ; and it appears that this fund has been the result of
some former plunder, which, for security's sake, was placed
in the position in which it was found.—Atheneum.
A HALF-NOISY THOROUGHFARE.—Every man who has
shifted much about in London, knows that a half-noisy
thoroughfare is much more excruciating than a wholly
noisy one. Upon the edge of Oxford-street you may doze
as by the margin of the sea ; your ear becomes accustomed
to the uniform roar, and soon almost ceases to heed it.
But a half-noisy thoroughfare brings every available
method of confusing. and distracting human ears to bear
upon you ; heightening the effect of every bit of uproar
iby a dull setting of silence. Every omnibuss seems to
run its wheels over your head; every new burst of cabs
and waggons out of doors is a new outrage upon the repose
within. Instead of the one noise running through the
day, you have two hundred noises at two hundred inter-
vals in the day. When we got baby to sleep after dinner,
there came punctually a series of special nuisances that
had their regular days for disturbing her ; and we came to
know their times. On Monday evenings there was a horn ;
after which (separate concern) a German band; organs;
boys whistling " Pop goes the Weasel." Tuesday,
Ethiopian serenaders ; organs; boys whistling " Pop
goes the Weasel." Wednesday, a detached performer on
the bones ; a brain-crushing machine drawn by a donkey
—a man on a platform grinding all our heads in it; other
organs ; band of Scotch fiddlers, scraping and scratching
hideous strathspeys with unrosined horsehair ; boys whis-
tling " Pop goes the Weasel." Thursday, ophideides, cor-
nopeans, and trombones ; Indian beating tom-tom ;
acrobats and two drums ; organs ; boys whistling "Pop
goes the Weasel." Friday, Ethiopan serenaders ; psalm-
singing by an old man playing the violincello, with two
girls in white tuckers, every two lines first read by the
old man, and then sung by the whole strength of the
company ; organs ; boys whistling " Pop goes the Weasel."
Saturday; street fights and shouts ; extra carts (butchers'
carts very aggravating); German Band; Ethiopians; hurdy
gardy ; harps and accordions; brain-crushing machine;
knife-grinder (most excruciating) ; Finnan haddocks ;
hearth-stones ; and " Pop goes the Weasel" until eleven
o'clock at night. —Dickens' Household Words.
A LADY OF DAMASCUS.—We will first describe the
daughter of the host—a very fair specimen of her sex in
Damascus. Her eyes are beautifully dark, her eye-lashes,
eye-brows, and hair of a glossy jet black ; the latter,
tinged with henna, hangs down her back, and reaches
nearly to the ground, in a succession of plaits, each ter-
mkating with black silk braid, knotted and interwoven
with various sized golden coins ; I}er features (excepting
Thtehenocsheinis dimpled,
the clear, with
feacabneudostvslialang,hdantlfidgure are unexceptionable, the
attt
hhh
re:
slle
form
yyp e ssti
n)
cherry,a
of
ef.
the all
h small, but compact.
pouting,the
complexion
arms comely, the wrists and ankles well turned, and the
feet and hands perfect models for a sculptor ; yet this is
one out of the many nondescript beings that we en-
countered with izar and veil in the street. Her face and
by
head l theheaddress
wears a small rie
dresandorien
oriental
cap,cos
tfigree.
which is encircled by a handsomely-flowered handkerchief,
and over the latter strings of pearls and pieces of small
aroenwell the settop off
of her
gold money are tastefully arranged in festoons. In the
centre of her red cap is a diamond crescent, from which
hangs a long golden cord with a blue silk tassel, usually
ornamented with pearls ; her vest fits tight, and admirably
displays the unlaced figure. In summer this vest is of
blue or pink satin, bordered and fringed with gold lace ;
in winter, cloth edged with fur is substituted for the
satin;. and over the vest is worn a short gray jacket,
chastely embroidered with black silk braid. The vest is
confined to the waist by a zunnar, in summer, of a silk
Tripoli scarf—in winter, by a costly Cashmere shawl ; and
from under this a long robe reaches to her ankles, and is
divided into two long lappets, lined with satin and
fringed with costly trimmings. This latter robe partially
conceals the shirwal, or full trousers, which hang loosely
over, and are fastened round the ankles ; the tasty mixture
of colours, and the graceful arrangement, render the
costuma a perfect study. Latterly European shoes have
been much used by the Damascene ladies, especially those
gaily flowered kid shoes imported into Syria from
Marseilles.—TheThstle and Cedar of Lebanon.

THE JEWISH SYNAGOGUE AT BeitnA.v.—We were in
some doubt whether I should be admitted into the body
of the synagogue ; but Ibrahim came forward to meet us,
and led us to the " chief seats," placing us between him-
self and David Sassamin, the richest Jew in Bombay—a
very fine-looking old man, with an eye like a hawk for
brillancy and depth. The synagogue was a long room,
with a high divan all round it, on which the worshippers
sat cross-legged. A chair was provided for me to put my
feet on. Down the middle were two benches, back to
back, for the boys: of the congregation ; and nearer the
door a desk, like a high sideboard., at which the reader
stood ; opposite to which was a curtained recess, contain-
ing the Law. All present wore veils, generally white,
with blue striped borders and a single fringe at each
corner ; but some of the younger boys had them of spot-
ted net, adorned with little tufts of wool of various colours.
I never saw a handsomer set of men ; and this, with
their varied dresses of rich colours, and the beauty of
the little children, who, gaily dressed and covered with
ornaments, were curled up by the side of their fathers; or
sitting on their knees, and ever and anon roving about or
eating sweetmeats as bribes to be quiet, rendered it: a
most picturesque scene. But though this was my first
impression, it soon changed to astonishment at beholding
the heartlessness of their worship, which excels anything
I have ever seen as a mockery of devotion. Every man
had a prayer-book, but the service was gabbled over in a
way that rendered it impossible even for Mr. Mitchell, who
is a good Hebrew scholar, to follow it. The boys seemed
"
to strive who should read loudest, and shouted " amin,
amin, min, as if it were very amusing, looking about
and laughing the while. The men were talking, and I
soon found there would not be the slightest objection to
my sketching the scene. Water was ;brought me, and
I took the group on my left hand. No sooner did
David Sassanan perceive that I was sketching him,
than he put down his book and spread his hand upon
it that I might observe his valuable diamond and ruby
rings. Several were called up to the desk in succession to
read different parts of the service, which they did in a sort
of loud chant, rocking themselves to and fro. Several
young boys, after reading, came to kiss the hand and
fringes of David Sassanin and a venerable old man who
sat next him, who laid their hands on the head of the
boys. It was a pretty action on both sides. One or two
little girls were there with their books. During one part
of the service, each man collected the fringes at the four
corners of his veil and kissed them repeatedly, touching
both eyes with them. Most of them did it in the same
perfunctory style in which Romanists generally cross
themselves. Then they drew the veil over the right side
of the face, and uttered a lamentable cry. Then the whole
congregation turned towards the west, and, bending,
uttered a confession of sin. This was the only part of the
service in which there was the slightest appearance of
earnestness.—Mrs, ColinMackenzge's Six Years in India.