The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-08-03 00:00:00

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD

THE ELECTIONS, &c.

(Continued from page 2.)

Sir John Hanmer was elected unopposed on Saturday
for the Flint boroughs.
Lord Brackley—having been driven from South Lan-
cashire, and defeated at Newcastle-under-Lyme, is now
a candidate for North Staffordshire.
BANBURY.—We are sorry that Mr. Mc. Gregor has
been defeated for this borough. At the close on Satur-
day night, the numbers were,—for Tancred, 226; Mc.
Gregor, 164, _ _ _

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY.—OR Saturday, the poll at
the close for that day was as follows:—Law, 1,143 ;
Fielding, 880 ; Goulburn, 868 ; Lefevre, 638. The ma-
jority of Lord Fielding is now, therefore, reduced to only
12, and the poll will continue open to this evening.
THE NEW BOTTLE CONJUROR.—The Patriot Harvey
—having slunk from Marylebone—has not only eaten his
own words, but jumped down his own throat. He says in
his letter that the election might "well be coveted by the
highest and purest pretensions." It is then no wonder
that Mr. Harvey should have retired.—Punch.
POLLING AT OXFORD UNIVERSITY. —Sir Robert Peel
voted on Friday for Inglis and Gladstone; not a plumper
for the latter. Amongst the voters on Friday for Inglis
and Gladstone was also the Right Hon. Charles W. Wynn,
the father of the House of Commons, who was carried into
the Convocation-house in a chair. He was loudly cheered
both at his arrival and departure. Lord Ashley voted on
Friday for Inglis and Round.
The number of members polled is, 1,752
Number of members paired, ~

Total,
Above 2,000 members of Convocation have now voted or
paired off.

STATE OF PARTIES IN THE NEW PARLIAMENT.—
Thus far there appears to be a considerable gain to the
ministerial cause. No county election has yet taken place.
The cities and boroughs from which returns have been
made are in number 192. These places have already
elected 325 members of the new House of Commons.
In the parliament recently dissolved, the Protectionists
formed nearly one-fourth of the whole number, and the
Peel party were of almost equal strength ; whereas up to
this period of the election proceedings, the Liberal party
form three-fifths of the number, the other parties con-
stituting respectively one-fifth. The numbers of the
three parties up to this time are as follow :—Liberals,
189 Peelites, 62 ; Protectionists, 58.
NORM NORTH CMBERLAND.—ThiS contest is likely to
be severe. The three candidates, Lord Ossulston, Lord
Loraine, and Sir George Grey, Bart. are all on the spot,
and have last weekbeen engaged in visiting and addressing
the 'electors. The home secretary had a sort of field-day
at Alnwick on Monday ; but the reception of the Right
Hon. Bart. met with was the " north side of friendly,"
and'it was remarked that the attendance of county gen-
tlemen in his cause was lamentably meagre. The contest
may be severe, but it will be found that the honest, sturdy
yeomanry of North Northumberland will declare for the
constitution candidates, and decidedly against the well-
paid placeman of a powerless, incompetent government,
whose character may be read in their unscrupulous adhe-
rence to the worst provisions of the abominable Poor Law
Bill, and in their declared intention to tax, at the earliest
favourable opportunity, the protestant people of this
country,in order to endow the Irish Romanist priests.
At a meeting held on Tuesday at Halifax, to introduce
the Chancellor of the Exchequer to the electors, Mr.
Jonathan Ackroyd, a Dissenter, at whose house Sir C.
Wood was staying, was combating the objections of his
brethren to the Education Grant, when he met with some
opposition in the meeting, he became much excited, and
suddenly fell back in a fit, in which hedied. The meeting
in question was called to promote the election of Sir
Charles Wood, the Chancellor of the Exchequer. Mr.
Akroyd was called to the chair, and he rose to introduce
Sir Charles. He spoke with great animation against the
Dissenters and their anti-education movement, and his
remarks were so interrupted by hooting and yelling, that
Mr. Millington, one of Mr. Miall's committee, remon-
strated with the people, and • requested a fair hearing for
Mr. Akroyd. The tumult then partly subsided, and Mr.
Akroyd was heard somewhat more quietly; but in a few
minutes he sank on the floor, and was carried out of the
room quite dead. He was in his 67th year, and had been
for some time in a very feeble state of health, so much so,
indeed, as to be quite unfit to bear -any excitement, and
nothing but his high personal respect for Sir Charles
Wood would have induced him to take part in the election.
THE REJECTED ONES.—Mr. Macaulay has lost his inse-
secure hold on the fickle dem ocracyof the modern Athens.
A candidate who contributes less directly to the wants of
literature has supplanted the brilliant writer. Besides
grievances of a more general nature, the quarrel of the
Free Church has told in this instance. The expulsion of a
Cabinet Minister from his seat is the first instalment of
that revenge which so many hundred relinquished kirks
and manses will surely exact. A not very respectful sense
of security, together with reasons of a more personal and
extraordinary nature, have lost another Cabinet Minister
his seat for Nottingham. For Mr. Macaulay, we presume,
another seat will be found; but whether it will be thought
necessary to ransack the three kingdoms in order to re-
tain Sir John Hobhouse in the Board of Control, we leave
to those who are better able to appreciate his services.
Bath has dismissed Mr. Roebuck to the pleasures of
repose, unless some other constituency should desire to
see its name associated with the most interesting and
critical debates, and perhaps the most gratuitous squab-
bles of the legislature. Mr. Gisborne is again seatless,
unless an Irish borough is in the market, or an O'Connell
to be found. Protestantism has .unfortunately lost the
advocacy of Mr. Spooner. Mr. Fielden has sunk himself
in his own lake at Oldham by tying to himself a millstone

of a colleague. Sir Fitzroy.lCelly" is again without that
success he too ardently courts, and too nearly attains.

vv incnester nas wipea out Mr.. BscOtt. Mr. Manners
Sutton has been sacrificed on the altar of protectionism at
Cambridge. Colonel Fox has been thrown upon the
government rosources. Perhaps the most wanton and
most deplorable act of mere folly has been the deposition
-of Mr. Hawes from his seat, for, as we believe, the
emptiest and most fantastical reasons.
THE NEW MEMBERS.—The new importations into
parliament are of a very mixed character. At first sight
one is disposed to apprehend a -serious additional inroad
on the time, attention, and forbearance of the house ; but
the danger diminishes on reflection. Mr. G. Thompson,
like many other talkative gentlemen, will find his tether
in the senate. Mr. C. Pearson was once very formidable,
but is now tame. Mr. Feargus O'Connor is not a very
tedious demagogue, and is more imprudent than ill-tem-
pered. Mr. Urquhart may be safely left in Lord Palmer-
ston's hands. Serjeant Talfourd will probably be taught
the need of that terseness, brevity, and point, which
public dinners and juries do not require. 11Ir. Fox will
contribute to the legislature some of his Covent-garden
eloquence. As a set off against the .generation of talkers,
there are some able and eloquent -men introduced or re-
stored to the state. Lord Ashley, the new member for
Bath, rests on a firmer basis than the cupidity or the pride
of the Dorsetshire agriculturists. Plymouth has returned,
in Mr. Roundell Palmer, one of the most able and most
promising young lawyers of his day. Mr. Macgregor,
long known as the Egeria of our Numas, the chief source
of the economical and statistical lore which Ministers
interpret to the House, aims, by the favour of Glasgow,
to be his-own interpreter for the future, with what success
we shall see. At least lie will no longer fret under the
mortification which a Sic vos non vobis is sure to inspire.
The railway interest is now strong in the house, though
not really stronger perhaps than when the chairman and
directors canvassed, but could not speak or vote. Cubitt,
Locke, Peto, Glyn, Jackson, Mangles, Ricardo, Sir J.
Walmsley, Cobbold, and Lacey, represent their several
lines. The Chairman of the Great Western alone has
sustained an unaccountable defeat, and the broad guage
laments its greatest hero.
A LEGISLATOR IN DIFFICULTIES.—Mr. W. S. Black-
stone has been returned the member for Wallingford.
Wnoemllisna atniodn
from
Allnatt,a in
When our despatch was closed on Friday, we left Mr.
Blackstone serenely surveying the proceedings of the
an upper
Market-place
window
o f th, et
obank i
which
hf
place Messrs.o f
safety
order to
honourable candidate had effected his retreat,
de o secure himself against a threatened arrest for
debt. It appears
that
111 Mu, - • -

come to Wallingford onithe dryofnomshinatfio'nt oofficcaeprthuarde
uohonourable e a
tgtecni wouldnt Ipetmnwaonet ,r
eabnursntwaedclel they were vct-iree
arrest p MeGald
e by
a thetcl
bsMtthooearnoye upon the hustings. The farmers who escorted.
the
protectionist candidate into town, on horseback, came
provided with heavy hunting whips, and made no secret
of their determination not to permit him to be taken.
There was also a party of stout labourers, armed with
stout bludgeons, who formed a strong body guard around
the honourable gentleman's carriage. On the other

RIOTING AT PS/MON.--At Preston, on Thursday
evening, wheil Mr. Parker, the Conservative candidate,
was speakiflg from the Bull Hotel, in Fishergate, the mob
were very uproarious, and loud shouts for both sides re-
sounded through the streets. At this time a large party
of the liberal party came up Church-street, having five or
six colours with them ; on coming up to the main body of
the mob a desperate fight took place ; the blues (the
Conservative party) attacked the flags, and though they
were well defended for some time, they were eventually
pulled down and captured, the poles being broken, and the
colours much torn and defaced were carried in triumph to
the Bull. The liberal members stood at the window of the
Red Lion, and Mr. Parker at the Bull, with many of the
principal gentlemen of the town. A stone was thrown,
which passed through the window directly over Mr. Par-
ker's head, and this was succeeded by more, the mob be-
coming more riotous every moment. There was still one
colour of the liberal party remaining, and an attempt was
made to take it in safety to the Red Lion, but the true
blues made another attack, and after a desperate fight
succeeded in capturing it also, and it shared the fate of the
others. Stones now began to fly thickly, and the shut-
ters of the lower windows of the Bull were closed. The
fight soon became general, and raged most terrifically for
a long time. The pavement of the street was torn up,
and a general attack was made upon the Bull Hotel. The
inn-yard was bravely defended for some time, but the
blues were much out numbered ; notwithstanding this,
they kept their posts for a considerable time, the stones
flying like hail ; in and out of the arched entrance a
sally was then made, and for a moment the Liberal
party fled in all directions, the street for a long space
being as clear as possible. Two men were left stretched
upon the ground, but they were carried away by
their respective parties. Upon seeing how few there
were to oppose them, the Liberal force returned
with renewed violence. Their opponents were driven
down the Bull yard, and the doors, with considerable
difficulty, were closed. The work of demolition then be-
gan; the shutters'of the windows were broken with paving
stones, and the windows, shutters, and frames smashed in,
the upper windows, too, were nearly all broken. - The in-
furiated mob continued to throw large stones'through the
broken windows, and the furniture in the rooms was, much
damaged. Several valuable pictures suspended against
the walls were also seriously injured. During the whole
time not a .•
the d

isturbance, but they were to be foun'd very snugly
out of harm's way, up the yards and courts leading from
the main street where the iioting was going on. On re-
monstrating with two or three who were looking at the
uproar from Bolton's-court, they replied that they had no
orders to do any thing. A pretty state of affairs, truly,
property being destroyed in the most wilful manner, and
the police, to whom is confided the protection of property,
calmly watching the whole proceedings without a single
exertion being made to put a stop to them. Some reform
is required. When all the damage had been done that it
was possible to do, the mob became rather quieter, and
eventually dispersed, although numbers of people came to
look at the devastation.that had taken place. The shop
in Church-street and Fishergate were closed at I
o'clock in the afternoon, and business was completel
a standstill. The riot commenced about half-pm
in the evening, and continued until ten o'clocl

t eight
The

streets were in a very disorderly state until a late hour

PRICE OF BREAD TILL CHRISTM A S.—A baker of Haxon

near Amesbury, in this county, has engaged to supply a
respectable farmer with flour for the use of his labourers
at ls." per gallon, from Michaelmas to Christmas next.
—Wilts Independent.
UNFERMENTEDBREAD.—An excellent tract on this sub-
ject, by an eminent physician, to which we sometime since
directed the attention of our readers, has, we see, now
reached a tenth editiOn. Some facts which have recently
come to ~light have confirmed, in a remarkable degree, the
accuracy of the writer's observations, it being ascertained
that the results which he stated from his own experience
are in exact accordance with the conclusions of science.
It isremarked on the injurious effects of refining wheat meal,
that not only is a large portion of the grain lost as human
food, but that the bread manufactured from white flour is
rendered less nourishing, while the animal life fed on the
bran is liable to become diseased. The author, in a
paragraph introduced in the last edition, proceeds to say :
Since the first publication of the preceding part of this
note, Professor Johnston, of the University of Durham, has
subjected the meal and flour of wheat to chemical analysis,
and thereby illustrated and confirmed the conclusions
drawn by the author of this tract from his own experi-
ments and observations, and the statements of previous
writers.—(Vide " Blackwood's Magazine " for June,
1847.) According to this analysis, the flour of wheat
contains, at the lowest estimate, twenty-two per cent.
less of the staminal principles'of nutrition than the entire
meal ; and, if to this is added the smallest allowance for
the matters destroyed by fermentation, we shall be under
the mark in saying, that fermented flour bread contains
twenty-five per cent. less of the nutritious ingredients
than unfermented meal bread. This loss in quality,
togethenwith the loss in quantity given at page 12, fur-
nishes data for a correct estimate of the relative value of
the two as articles of diet. Hence it appears that for
every seventy-five loaves of fermented white bread we
might possess one hundred of unfermented meal bread ;
and in every three of these at least as much nourishment
as is contained in four of the other."

PIZARRO AND HIS BAND.—.OII the 24th of September,
1532, five months after landing at Tumbez, Pizarro
marched out at the head of his little body of adventurers
from the gates of San Miguel, having enjoined it on the
colonists to treat their Indian vassals with humanity, and
to conduct themselves in such .a manner as would secure
the good-will of the surrounding tribes. Their own ex-
istence, and with it the safety of the army and the success
of the undertaking, depended on this course. In the

place were to remain the royal treasurer, the veedor or
inspector of metals, and otherofficers of the crown ; and
the command ,of the garrison was intrusted to the con-

tador, Antonio Navao. 'The; putting himself at~the
head of his troops, the chief struck boldly into the heart
of the country, in the direction where, as be was in-
formed, lay the;camp of the Inca. It was a daring enter-
prise, thus to venture with a handful of followers into the
heart of a powerful empire; to present himself, face to
face, before the Indian monarch in his own camp, en-
compassed by the dower of his victorious army ! Pizarro
had already experienced more than once the difficulty of
maintaining his ground against the rude tribes of the
north, so much inferior in strength and numbers to the
warlike regions of Peru. But the hazard of the game, as
I have already more than once had occasion to remark,
constituted its great charm with the Spaniard. The
brilliant achievements of his countrymen on the like oc-
casion, with means so inadequate, inspired him with con-
fidence in his own good star; and this confidence was one
source of his success. Had he faltered for a moment,
had he stopped to calculate chances, he must inevitably
have failed ; for the odds were two great to be combated
by sober reason. They were only to be met triumphantly
by the spirit of the knight-errant.—Prescotes History
and Conquest of Peru.

SHERWOOD FOREST.—The decayed ferns in some place
form a soil which is yards in depth, and the surface is
covered with mosses in beautiful variety, and studded with
bluebells, foxgloves, violets, and other sweet wild flowers,
in their appointed seasons. In the spring, whilst the ferns
lie dead and yellow around you, and the oaks are blanched
and leafless, the solitude is broken by rooks and jackdaws

building their nests in the hollow sockets of the trees, and
waving their dusky pennons to the music of their own

cawing ; or if some tiny bird flits through the colossal ruins
of the forest, it is only to utter mournful shrenes, or sad,
melancholy pipings. The rooks and daws are the only

winged creatures, (save the night owls) which have then
any claim of habitancy in this old primeval temple.
But as the warm days come on, and May returns
to earth, like a bride laden with flowers, there is a
universal joyousness in the old forest; the mighty
oaks, with centuries in their blood, leap up as into
a life eternal, and clap their ancient hands with a great
shout of deliverance and praise. The gorse, dropping with
gold and delicious odours, flourishes under the wild foliage
of the trees ; the fiery adders come from their winter
holes and sun thonselves in the glades, and the whole

forest resounds with the melody of birds. At night, when
the shadows cast by the moon enhance the solemnity of
the scene, and fill it with ghostly witcheries and wonder-
ful enchantments, you may hear the lovelorn song of the
nightingale, rushing through the starry air from the far
off dells of Birkland, and dying away in sweet cadences as
they are borne along from echo to echo. The hares and
rabbits then come out of the dingles and thick entangled
underwood to crop the dewy herbage, and gambol in the
silence and security of the hour; and as you walk along,
the startled pheasant rushes to the tree tops with heavy
wing and shrill cries.—People's Journal.
A lIINnoo VILLAGE.—LittIe indeed found T thpr,

small, humble, if not mean ; the bazaar containing merely
a few dotkans (shops) of grain, spiceries, and oil, with

ever small, is without its punsari, or dealer in drugs,
dried herbs, hulwas, &c. One or two old women were
frying cakes of maize, or of millet, in a composite of ghee
and jaggaree ; the former being clarified butter, the latter
species of sugar—not unlike treacle in the lump
extracted from the inspissated juice of the palmyra tree.
Aany were cooking, under stray trees and beneath the
eaves of their hovels, their evening refection—plain boiled
rice, a little curry of fish, or meat, or vegetables ; but
generally the women were emple
hugs in spinning, weavi,—
tive looms.

a coars

d outside their dwel-
(and their simple and primi-
.o not without a touch of the

, en pion our,
picturesque) or here and there seated on their haunt.
busily grinding flour for the week's consumption, by mear,
of those original handmills that are no doubt the heir
looms of the Mosaic time. The gardens were equal!,
humble, but looked fresh and green from profuse irriga
tion ; nor were trees and bushes wanting. Yet, indeed
they contained nothing but h.,r.
herbs—patches of the feet
leaves—which are eaten as
bruised bug, from which it is

n, and