The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-09-28 00:00:00

FOREIGN (5- COLONIAL INTELLIGENCE.

OVERLAND MAIL.
Advices from Bombay to the 6th August, Calcutta to
the 7th August, and China to the end of June, reached
London on Saturday afternoon.
INDIA.
India throughout may be said to be perfectly tranquil.
An abundant supply of rain appears to have fallen every-
where. The prospects of the ryots are highly promising,
and general contentment and quiet seem to prevail through
the length and breadth of the company's dominions.
From the Punjaub there is nothing of importance to
communicate.
L dtore, as a residence,' is now, since the completion of
the iteprovernents lately merle by us, much coveted, end
the term "filthy city," applied to it when first entered by
us, turns out now to he a complete misnomer. It has
been thorpughly gutted and drained, ebominablo lanes
•coeverted into airy and handeome streets:, and all the
'filthiness with which thoroughfares in the east usually
abound, confined, where it ought. to be, underground.
In Cabul, Dost Mahomed perseveres in his design of
keeping up amicable relations with the British ' • but the
jealousy of the Affghans, and not less that of his sons,
compels him to wear two faces under a hood.
Robbrries still prevail within the Khyber Pass ; so
much so, indeed, that the place to travellers is virtually
shut up.
Comparatively little has been heard from Hyderabad,
but that little is probably the most important heard for
some time. The Resident is said to have been directed
to call upon tne Nizam to arrange for the payment of his
debts to the company. The sequel is not known ; but all
things promise fairly for a radical change of our unsatis-
factory relations with this sovereign.
Our small war with Doongur Singh is likely to be
brought to an early conclusion, the Rajpoot chiefs having
taken the field in force against the free lance, while a large
body of own troops have been moved to the scene of his
exploits.
All the accounts from the Goomsoor country give a very
melanCholy picture indeed of the ill successes which have
hitherto attended our efforts to stop the sacrifice of human
life. Every new day brings fresh accounts of the daring
exploits of Cholera Bhissye, the powerful leader of these
disturbances ; and it is much to be regretted that the sea-
son alone prevents those measures on the part of our
Government from being put into more effective operation.
CHINA.
The alarm and distrust on both sides, occasioned by the
precipitancy of Sir John Davis's descent on Canton, con-
tinues in that city to the detriment of trade. The relief
troops have arrived at Hongkong, but the Governor thinks
it expedient to retain the regiments which were to have
been sent back, a step not only prudent in itself, but
likely to be beneficial to the troops, whose comforts would
be sorely abridged at the present season in the transports,
which would have to beat against the southwest monsoon.
With this step, however, Sir John's prudence seems to
have vanished. He has received the petition of the peo-
ple of Honan, praying that he will not intermeddle with
their lands ceded to the British by the Chinese authori-
ties. This unusual step of communicating officially with
the subjects of a foreign power on matters under discus-
sion by the authorities is rendered still more singular by
Sir John, in his answers, guaranteeing. to the people that
their land shall not be taken by force on any account ; and
asking them to point out places where it will be more con-
venient that the British should build their warehouses,
&c. This, of course, the Chinese are far too acute to
commit themselves to ; they refer his excellency to Ye
King for such details, being satisfied with the pledge they
have obtained, and stating, significantly, if they are pro-
prietors who sell their land to the British, of course the
latter may buy it.
This ill-advised proceeding has complicated matters still
more, and if the same administration of affairs is continued
the gordian knot will receive solution only from the sword.
The Hong-Kong Register says :—" Since our last issue,
there has been a slight disturbance at Canton, attended
with another attempt to burn the boat-house adjoining the
factories. A party of marines and seamen from the Pluto
dispersed the mob, inflicting several severe wounds with
their cutlasses or bayonets."
Trade continues altogether at a stand ;.and, as the failure
of three chroffs for a sum of about one million dollars has
been announced, it is scarcely expected that the present
season will recover the effects of this and the previous in-
terruption. Two of the schroffs were relations of Howqua,
and the credit of all three had not before been doubted.
Later advices, to the 25th July, represent everything as
very quiet at Canton, and confidence, in a great measure,
restored.

Coletti, the Greek minister, and the tool of France, is
dead.
We regret to state that accounts from Berlin and
Frankfort `announce the rapid approach of the cholera to
Poland.

_
Marshal Soult has resigned at last. and M. Guizot is now
President of the Council. The Marshal will receive the
governorship of the Invalides.
Within the last few days a funeral stone has been placed
over the tomb of the Duke de Praslin, in the cemetery of
Mont Parnasse. No name has been inscribed on it. A
large cross has been merely cut in the centre.
SOUTH AMERICA.—By the Alecto, arrived at Plymouth,
we have advices from Bahia to the 9th ult. There is no
change to notice in commercial affairs. Exchange on
England 271 to 271. In consequence of the plentiful sup-
ply of shipping freights had declined,—to Hamburgh 80;
for the continent, calling at Cowes, 75 to 80.
The Rev. W. A. Riedl, a Roman Catholic priest, at
Breslau, who has filled some of the highest offices in the
church, and was celebrated for his learning and great
attainments, has fled from Vienna, and openly renounced
the Romish faith and joined the German Catholics. He
has published an interesting account of his life, and a
criticism on " Monachism" and the Benedictine order.
There seems as yet to be Lo immediate prospect of a
close to the tumults which convulse the Italian peninsula.
In Naples matters appear to be proceeding to deplorable
extremities. The King's troops have for the moment put
down the insurrectionists, twenty-five of whom have been
put to death ; but the expectation of another revolt is
general.
THE BISHOPRIC OF JERUSALEM.—The Journal des
_Mats publishes a letter from Berlin, dated the 15th
instant, which states that the King of Prussia had com-
manded that a sum of 52,000 thalers (£7,800 sterling),
which bad been contributed by the Protestants of Prussia
for the establishment of religious institutions in Jerusa-
lem, should be expended in founding an hospital in that
city for the reception of Christians of every profession of
faith, with a preference for Germans, and likewise in
building a house for lodging poor travellers and pilgrims.
It is stated in well-informed circles, that no doubt now
exists as to the mode in which the wretched Duc de Pras-
lin obtained the poison of which he died. It is confi-
dently alleged that it was brought to him in the prison of
the Luxembourg by a near relative who was allowed to
visit him, and who desired to save the family from the
ignominy of the Duke's being put to death on the scaffold
like a common criminal. If true, this only furnishes
another awful proof of that state of degraded morals
which is indicated in Paris by the wide circulation of the
works of Victor Hugo, Eugene Sue, and the rest whom
Sir Edward Lytton Bulwer seems desirous to imitate.
DOUGLAS AND GARRISON MOBBED.—William Lloyd
Garrison and Frederick Douglas, now on an anti-slavery
tour to the west, were quite ill-treated at one of their
meetings in Harrisburg, Pa., last week. Douglas furnishes
an account of the fracas for the New York Anti-Slavery
Standard :—"Several volleys of 'unmerchantable eggs,'
he says, " were poured through the windows, filling the
room with the most disgusting and stifling stench, which
he calls slavery's choice incense,' and one struck friend
Garrison on the back, sprinkling its essence all over his
honoured head.' A pack of fire-crackers was also exploded,
causing much excitement and alarm. Cries of throw out
the nigger,' were shouted by the mob outside' and stones'
and brickbats were hurled, when he left the house, pro-
tected by some of his coloured friends." Douglas himself
escaped without injury.—Philadelphia Daily News.
THE WEST INDIA MAILS.—The royal mail steam-
packet Thames arrived at Southampton on Tuesday. We
learn by this arrival that some refreshing showers had fal-
len at Jamaica. and that Trinided and Guiana had expe-
rienced fine rains. The drought at Barbadoes is said to
continue. Extract of a letter dated 22nd August, Port-au-
Prince, Hayti :—" This capital is in a state of civil war.
A rebellious chief, General Simelien, is now encamped at
the palace, with cavalry and infantry, two guns loaded to
the muzzle with grape, and hurling defiance at the Go-
vernment." The Trinidad Standard states that Barba-
does had been refreshed with rain, although other sources
of information speak of the drought as continuing. At
Antigua nearly 1000 immigrants had arrived within a short
time, principally from Madeira ; a sufficiency of rain had
fallen, and the weather continued favourable for estates'
operations.
TRANSMISSION OF LIBERATED NEGROES TO THE
WEST INDlES.—lntelligence has been received of the ar-
rival at Demerara of her Majesty's steam-sloop Growler,
Commander Potbury, with a freight of liberated Africans
from Sierra Leone. It will be recollected that this vessel
is employed, under the Colonial Office, to relieve the
English settlements on the coast of Africa from the accu-
mulation of negroes taken out of the captured slaver, by
conveying them, of their own free will, to the West India
Islands, where their services are very much in request.
Intelligent coloured men are employed at the depots on
the coast of Africa to explain to the negroes before they
are embarked that labourers are wanted in the West
Indies, and also the nature of the passage, and the de-
scription of work on which they are likely to be employed.
This is the first trip of the Growler. She took on board
at Sierra Leone 476 negroes, and with them (less twenty,
who died no the passage) she arrived at Demerara in
eighteen days. Beneficial results are anticipated, both to
the liberated Africans and the West India planters, from
these importations.
THE PARIS PRINTERS.--The printers of Paris have
been for some years past in the habit of dining together
about the commencement of autumn. This year, on ap-
plying to the Prefect of Police for the customary permis-
sion, a refusal was given. The men, finding a public din-
ner thus rendered impossible, appointed a committee to
seek out private premises suited to their number of guests•
—namely five or six hundred persons. M. Gerbes, a
master printer, placed at the orders of the committee an
enclosed piece of ground in the commune of Vaugiraid,
and there they erected a large marquee, under which
tables were laid out for dinner. The men, on Sunday,
were on the point of sitting down to table, when two
commissaries of police entered, and, in the name of the
authorities, ordered the men to disperse. Some of the
ournals, in narrating these circumstances, state that a
large armed force was in attendance on the occasion, and
that great violence had been used towards the printers.
The Moniteur Parisien of Tuesday night denies the truth
of this statement, and says,—" It is not correct, as these
journals announce, that order was disturbed for a single
instant ; the men dispersed at once when called upon to
do so, and the armed force never interfered. The soldiers
who were in attendance had been ordered to attend only
to Wove, if necessary, the injunctiosoftkaathorities."

„ :,
AMERICAN Slttpnumnr...M.—The following. Is nn ;at-
count of the number and destination of ships built, and
building, in New York during the present year-:—W. H.
Webb's yard : one ship, of 1000 tons, for Havre ; one,
1300 tons, fot Liverpool ; one, 1000 tons, for ditto ; two,
of 1300 each, for London ; and one steam- ship, 1900 tons,
for New Orleans.—Brown and Bell : one ship, 950 tons,
for China; and one steam-ship of war, 'BOO tons, for the
Peruvian Government. —Westervelt and Macay : one
steam-ship, 2500 tons, for Bremen ; and one of 1100 tons,
for Liverpool.—Jabez Williams and Sons : one ship, of
850 tons, and one of 1000 tons, for New Orleans.—W. H.
Brown : one ship, of 750 tons, and one steamer for Char-
leston.—Lawrence and Sneeden : one steam-ship, 400
tons.—Patterson and Slack : one ship of 1200 tons, one of
950 tons, and one of 1300 tons, for Liverpool.—Bishop
and Simonson : one steamer, 450 tons ; one of 150 tons ;
and two of 540 tons, for the Brazilian Government.
Wesr INDIES.—A tn ee Clog of the Jamaica Chamber of
Commerce was held on Friday, 13th August, at Kingston,
to examine into the agricultural and commercial affairs of
the colony, and it was unanimously resolved that sub-
scriptions should be set on foot to meet the expenses of
agencies and otherwise, with a view to obtain an efficient ,
advocacy of the colonial interests in Great Britain, as
since the adoption of free-trade principles in England,
and the admission of slave-grown sugar into her markets
for home-consumption, the average price of colonial
sugar has fallen 13s. per cwt., or £l3 per ton, being a
reduction of fully fifty per cent. in the short space of
nine months, in the value of the main staple of the island.
That independently of this great fall in price, another
and more alarming feature presented itself in the fact
that, although the consuniption of sugar in England has
greatly increased, vet this increased consumption was
entirely supplied by slave-grown produce, whilst the
consumption of British West India sugar had very consi-
derably decreased; and that unless this be checked by
some vigorous and permanent measures on the part of the
government, the British colonies would be inevitably and
entirely driven out of the English market, and the culti-
vation of estates be rendered ruinous to all.
FREE TRADE CONGRESS AT BRUSSELS.—At the se-
cond sitting, on the 17th instant, Colonel Thompson
spoke in French. He adduced what he considered a
main point, that where an article is bought beyond its
value, or at more than its natural price, in consequence of
some protection, there are not two losses for one gain.
The operation was against the public. Englishmen ate a
great deal when they could get it ; and it was for them to
move forward, or they would get no dinner while they had
an appetite for three. If other nations had seen, as he
had seen the probability of getting no dinner at all, they
would have thought as we do on the necessity of getting
rid of prohibitions on trade. He, in conclusion, with al-
lusion to the name of Bonaparte being made instead of
I
i” Emperor," believed that the English free-traders were
not men of the old order of things, but eager to acknow-
ledge greatness under all its forms, and to prove them-
selves the friends of progress everywhere. At the third
sitting, on the 11th, "William Brown, Esq., M.P., spoke,
as did a number of British and foreign gentlemen. The
banquet on the same evening was given to the members
of the Foreign Free-trade Association, Count Arrivabene
in the chair. Many spirited addresses were made ; and
it is stated that the manner in which the congress was
conducted was excellent. The ablest orators were M.
Walowski, M. Bianqui, and Dr. Bowring. ,

POLITICAL VARIETIES.

On Tuesday, Parliament was formally prorogued until
the 12th of October. _

A CURIOUS ITEM.—We understand the following was
actually an item in a lawyer's bill sent in for services to
Mr. Grenville Berkeley's committee during the last elec-
tion for West Gloucester :—" To injury done my horse,
while riding home, in the cause, £2s."—Bristol Times.
THE GOLDEN AGE RESTORED.—At a demonstration
last week at Gloucester, to celebrate the return of the
Hon. Grantley Berkeley for the western division of the
county, that gentleman said, " They had seen every spe-
cies of bribery and corruption committed during the past
contest. In one polling-place on his canviss he had a
majority of 400, and, through bribery, that majority had
been reduced into a minority of nine. Gold had been
found in the bottoms cf tea-cups, gold had been found in
washing-tubs as a substitute for soap, and cabbages were
at a high premium. One elector who voted for laim held
in his hand fifteen sovereigns that he had received to vote
against him, and if he was the servant of the people he
must bring these facts out." That the power of money
is often brought into requisition or. such occasions, is
much to be feared, but the employment of those means
in a county election, is incredible. Mr. Grantley Berke-
ley must have been drawing a little upon his imagination.
WHAT IS THE UNREDEEMED LAND-TAX.—It is the
fruit of one of the greatest blunders ever committed by
an English Chancellor of the Exchequer. The aggravated
difficulties in which the occupant of this office for the time
then being was involved, about the year 1789, made him
grasp at any means of filling his coffers, Amongst other
expedients, he offered for sale the fixed revenues of the
state. The landowners were enabled to liberate themselves
from a long-established, equitable, and far from heavy
burden on their properties, at a very inadequate price, by
the land-tax redemption act. This, however, is the least
part of the mischief that has been occasioned by the
measure. Had the land-tax been completely redeemed,
instead of partially—had the measure been compulsory,
and of universal application—it would have left the field
clear for the imposition of some more equitable tax. As
it is, however, it furnishes a never-failing plea against
imposing any further taxes upon land.
FREE TRADE BLOSSOMS.—The Times, in noticing the
resolutions of the Jamaica Chamber of Commerce, which
set forth the ruinous effects of free trade upon that
colony, draws the following picture of the state to which
the mother country is reduced. Our contemporary, we
are aware, does not mean that the picture should be so
interpreted ; but be it remembered that it does exhibit
the actual condition of England under the fostering
operation of Sir Robert Peel's commercial reforms ; and
we do not recollect that either the right hon.. baronet or
Mr. Cobden, or any other free-trader, told us that we
might look for, such a state of things in 1847, or any other
year :—" The plaint of the Jamaica planters has come at
an unfortunate time. It only swells a chorus of lamen-
tation. Unparalleled calamities within our own shores,
aggravated by unparalleled rashness of speculation, have
left little room for sympathy with a class of once
wealthy proprietors, who are no; longer wealthy because
we are no longer taxed as we have been for their
benefit. When Rome had war at her gates she turned a
deaf ear to " the groans of the Britons." We are much
in the same evil case. Almost every interest at home can
reply to the suppliants from Jamaica—You are carrying
on your trade at a loss ; so are we. You have to bear a
sudden flood of competition ; so have we. You talk of
poverty ; everybody wants money. ' The expenses of
living. you say, ' are enormous, and taxation is urbear-
able.' We, too, have had a famine, and even now have
not real abundance; our taxes speak for themselves.
You talk of giving up your estates, and sacrificing the
capital you have sunk upon them. At home, too, sub-
stantial men are daily finding it necessary to abandon-
once promising undertakings, to sacrifice shares for which
they paid dearly, and which they retained till fell necessity
compelled a surrender. Mills are closed, and business
contracted to a compass which, if it is tolerably safe, is
also utterly without profit."

THE COMMERCIAL EMBARRASSMENTS.

An investigation into the state of the liabilities and assets
ofthe bill brokerin g house of Sanderson&Co.has proved their
ability to command a surplus beyond all demands of from
£BO,OOO to £120,000, allowing the bills which they hold
of bankrupt firms to realise the lowest possible amount
which it is likely they will pay. The reasons for stopping
payment are variously stated, but it is understood that
they arose from the perverseness of a creditor, who de-
manded a change of security for the money in the hands
of Sanderson and Co., and this change being refused,
and the demand even at this time having become so un-
reasonable, the party insisted on cash, and was then
refused altogether. The late Mr. Morris's life was insured
for £17,000, and he possessed at the time of his death 275
shares in a mining company, which brought him in for the
last three years £lO,OOO per annum. This mining pro-
perty is likely to continue as prosperous for the next three
years. There are, therefore, quite sufficient effects to
make good his share of the loss which the firm may sus-
tain. The estate of Mr. Gard, too, one of the late part-
ners, is deemed available for the liquidation of any claim
advanced, that gentleman having become liable on account
of a dissolution of partnership, or his retirement having
not been duly inserted in the London Gazette. The greatest
confidence is felt in the house of Sanderson and Co.
Upwards of £70,000 worth of bills in their hands were
paid on Friday, and of the whole which became due only
one for £2B was dishonoured. The failure of the firms
of Messrs. Watson, Brothers and Co. of Liverpool, and
Messrs. James Burt, Watson and Co. of Manchester
have also been announced ; they have been largely engaged
in the export trade. Their branch business, besides the
town of Manchester, included Leeds and other places in the
United Kingdom, and several ports on the South American
coast. The liabilities of the former house are estimated at
quite £200,000, but if time be allowed the firm the cre-
ditors will be paid in full. Large sums of the assets are
understood to be locked up in Mexico, and a portion of
the remainder consists of uncontrovertible securities.
A house in the London wine trade is also understood
to have been compelled to suspend payment. The firm of
Giles and Co. in the corn trade, one of the houses that
recently stopped payment, have, after a full examination
of the state of their affairs, made an offer of 10s. in the
pound to their creditors, payable by four instalments.
The estate, it is said, shows rather upwards of 12s. in the
pound. The old established house of Cockburn Brothers,
in the Portuguese wine trade, has been compelled to stop
payment. The branch of the house at Oporto drew upon
Reid, Irving, and Co., in London, and the connexion ac-
counts for the downfall of the firm. The house has been
long at the head of the wine trade in Scotland, and their
misfortune is the subject of unqualified regret by every
person acquainted with them in business, as well as in
their social relations. The creditors of Messrs. Woodley
and Co. will be gratified to learn that a prospect exists of
their receiving nearly 20s. in the pound. Taken in the
worst light, the statement submitted to them shows suffi-
cient assets, within a few thousands, to cover the whole of
the liabilities ; the stock, at the same time, being valued
in every respect below the current market prices. The
creditors of Messrs. Harman and Co., the great Russian
house which failed in the month of October, 1846, have
just received a first dividend of ls. in the pound. The
debt due by this firm to the Russian Government was
upwards of £414,0013, and on that amount, therefore,
more than £20,000 will at once be paid. It is estimated
by parties acquainted with the resources of the estate, that
further dividends to the extent of 2s. 6d. may 'be ex-
pected ; so that altogether it seems probable that a
,gross
dividend of about 3s. 6d. in the pound will, in the long
run, be secured. The separate creditors of each of the
partners ban had the whcie of the claims liquidated in full•