The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1854-05-30 00:00:00

THE WAR.

Continual attempts are made by the Wallachians to
destroy the artillery and ammunition depots of the
Russians at Fokschan. On the 4th "a laid fire was extin•
guished with great difficulty," and another again on the
6th. The Triester Zietung learns from Trebizond that
orders have now been issued to destroy the fortifications
of Theodosia, "and neither to till nor sow any part of the
coast of the Crimea." The Wallachian peasants appear
resolved to burn the Russians out of the country, as they
can find no other means of getting rid of them. A maga-
zine at Kalaritsh, containing 8,000 pud of flour, has just
been burned down ; and in the Jalomnitza district all the
hay which the Russians had collected has been destroyed.
Official reports, dated May 6, from Prevesa, announce
that on the sth a sanguinary battle was fought by the
troops commanded by the Fuad Effendi, against the
Greeks under General Tzavellas, in the village of Peta not
far from. Prevesa. On both sides the men fought with
determined bravery, but the victory was decided in favour
of the' Turks. After many hours' severe fighting the
Greeks fled in disorder, suffering great loss. The Otto-
man troops seized six chests of cartridges, 83 barrels of
powder, 20 carbines„ 6 pair of epaulettes, 27 swords, 18
trumpets, 5 cases of conical rifle balls, and 60 wounded
and 16 sound prisoners • amongst the latter the famous
leader Antoakis Calomogdarti, and Captain Spiro of the
infantry. Captain Ali Aga accompanied these trophies on
board the Taif steamer to Constantinople, to present them
to the Minister of War. The Greeks left 200 dead upon
the field of battle, and 20 horses. The number of wounded
is not known. The insurgents have -also been beaten
in various encounters in the neighbourhood of Amiro.
_ .

News has been received to the 11th inst. from the Black
Sea. The two fleets were then cruising off Sebastopol,
the Crimea, Batoum, and in other parts of the Black Sea.
There was then so intense a fog that the flag-ships were
continually firing guns to inform the rest of the fleet of
their position from time to time. No naval engagement
had taken place.
Advice.; from St. Petersburgh of the 12th inst. repre-
sent the Emperor's last ukase, requiring fresh recruits for
both army and navy, as his manner of replying to the in-
formation that General von Grunwald lately brought him
from Vienna. This calling out of fresh recruits for the
reserve levies, first of all, nine in the thousand souls in
the eastern provinces, to set them even with the western
provinces, and three in the thousand more, making alto-
gether 12. Of the Jews, who have to contribute their
flesh and blood on every occasion of a levy of recruits, ten
out of every thousand are to be made food for heretical
powder in defence of the orthodox faith. The levy is to
commence on the 27th of July, and be concluded in a
month. _ . _

Accounts were received at Constantinople on the 15th
that the Russians, unable, on account of the blockade, to
defend the sea-board of Circassia, had evacuated all their
positions frorußatoum to Anapa—an extent of 200 leagues.
They burned all their own forts, and retired to Kutais,
in the interior. The Circassians came down from the
mountains and took possession of all the posts which the
Russians had occupied, making prisoners 1,500 men,
whom they surprised at Sukkum-Kaleh. The Circassians
had proclaimed a provisional government, under the presi-
dency of a brother-in-law of Schamyl.
A private letter from St. Petersburgh states that Count
Neuelrecle has been recently insulted by the people of that

capital. On passing through the streets in his carriage
he was hissed, hooted, and menaced, and was forced to
take refuge in the house of a friend. He was accused by
the people of being the cause of the war, of not having
taken sufficient care to provide against its casualties, and
of having shown indifference and negligence. Bat what-
ever be the cause the symptoms of popular indignation
were not to be mistaken. The letter which relates these
facts proceeds from a Russian lady of high rank, who re-
counted them to a friend, with the deepest sorrow, as
indicative of future troubles. It is probable that the in-
habitants of St. Petersbnrgh have already begun to feel
more severely than the peasants of the interior the evils
which war brings with it. They are nearer to those parts
which are most exposed to hostilities, and they must be
among the first to suffer. But it is certain that much fer-
mentation prevails in the capital of the Russian empire.
The Odessa Messenger (a journal of General Osten-
Sacken's) states that the reason any people were killed at
Odessa at all was, that the inhabitants could not resist
rushing to see a young artillery officer, Stchegeleff, de-
fending the place with one cannon against the whole of
the enemy's fleet ! ! !
The treaty of alliance destined to guarantee the inte-
grity and independence of the Ottoman empire, between
France, Great Britain, and Turkey, which was ratified on
the Bth of May, has been published at length in the Mani-
tear. It opens with the assertion that, being fully per-
suaded that the existence of the Ottoman empire within
its actual limits is essential to the maintenance of the ba-
lance of power between the states of Europe, the Emperor
of the French and the Queen of England have determined
to unite in repelling the aggression by which the integrity
and independence of the Sultan's empire and throne are
menaced. To this end naval and land forces have been
despatched, both of which the Sultan agrees shall have
friendly reception and consideration, it being understood
that they maintain the strictest discipline, and respect
Turkish laws and property. The high contracting parties
engage to communicate reciprocally to each other, without
loss of time, every proposition received from the Emperor
of Russia, directly or indirectly, with a view to the cessa-
tion of hostilities, of an armistice, or peace ; and the Sul-
tan engages to conclude no armistice, and to enter into no
negotiation for peace with the Emperor of Russia, without
the knowledge and consent of the high contracting parties
So soon as a treaty of peace is concluded, all English and.
French military forces are to be withdrawn, and all Tur-
kish forces (provisionally occupied) restored within the
space of forty days from the exchange of ratifications. The
Ottoman authorities engage not to exercise the least con-
trol, civil or military, over the movements of the auxiliary
armies, but to aid them all in their power. It is under-
stood, however, that the general plan of the campaign
shall be discussed and agreed upon between the comman-
ders-in-chief of the three armies, and that if a considerable
part of the allied troops should be in line with the Ottoman
troops, no operation shall be executed against the enemy
without having been previously concerted by the allied
commanders.

The offensive and defensive treaty between Austria and
Prussia signed on the 20th of April, at Berlin, is pub-
lished. Its contents have already been anticipated. It
provides for mutual support in case of either country
being attacked. The august Courts of Austria and
Prussia are united, " to avoid all participation in the
war, if possible," and " to aid in the establishment of
a general peace." If Russia still refuses to withdraw her
troops from the Principalities, then an attack on the terri-
tory of one or other of the high contracting parties shall
be repelled by the other by all the military force at its
disposal. "An offensive action on the part of both would,
however, be first occasioned by the incorporation of the
Principalities, or through an attack or passage of the
Balkan on the part of Russia."
TUE Loss OF TUE TIGER.—The Journal d'Odessa
states that, on the 12th of May, the Tiger, of 1,375 tons
burthen, and mounting 16 guns, which stranded at seven
wersts from Odessa, was forced to surrender before the
Vesuvius and Niger could come to her assistance. Her
captain (Giffard) lost one leg, a midshipman both, and five
men were wounded. 226 prisoners were taken. The Rus-
sians had two officers wounded and two soldiers killed.
As the vessel could not be removed, she was set on fire
and sank the same day. Some of her guns were taken as
trophies to Odessa. The following is the official list of
officers on board :—Captain H. W. Giffard ; Lieutenants
Alfred Royer, Alexander Hamilton, and W. E. Stone
master, Francis Ediugton ; first lieutenant marine artillery,
R. T. Ansell ; surgeon, A. J. Doraville ; paymaster, G. A.
Lance ; mate, C. H. Wilkinson (acting) ; assistant-surgeon,
Edmond Lawless; second master, John C. Solfleet ; clerks,
John G. Barnes and N. G. Simmonds.—The Russian Inca-
tide gives the subjoined report from General Osten-Sacken
relative to this catastrophe :—" I hasten to lay before
your highness (Prince Paskiewitsch) the flag and jack of
the British steam-frigate Tiger, of 400 horse-power. It
ran aground, was set on fire, and blown up, as it was im-
possible to get it afloat and bring it into the harbour,
becans6 two other steamers prevented the attempt. The
following are the details :—This morning, May 12, the
frigate, which came in the direction from Sebastopol,
got ashore near Kartazzi, about six wersts (four and'-a-
quarter miles) from Odessa. Two position field-pieces (18
or 12 pounders) of No. 2 battery, 16th brigade, under
Lieut. Abakomnolf, arrived from the Lustdorf colony be-
fore the other two steamers could assist the Tiger, and,
supported by two companies of the Dnieper reserve
infantry regiment and a platoon of lancers of Count
Neketine's regiment, opened their fire with such precision
that, after the vessel had received several shots, and its
captain had lost his foot, she was forced to surrender. The
enemy's shot flew harmlessly over the battery (evidently
from the vessel lying on her beam), the colours were
hauled down, and the lieutenant, who had taken the com-
mand, presented himself before me and declared his crew
prisoners of war. By my orders lie sent his boats and
crew ashore, and laid down his and their arms. They and
their wounded, five in number, were sent to the quaran-
tine. Meanwhile eight pieces of the light position battery
No. 2 (12-pounders), and the horse battery No. 11, arrived
from Odessa, with a battalion of the Sonzdal reserve
regiment ; and the reserve battalion of the Ukraine light
infantry, with two squadrons of Archduke Ferdinand's
lancers, reached the shore. The enemy's wounded were
not yet removed before two enemy's steamers were ob-
served through the fog. As no means were at hand to
float the surrendered vessel, and get her into port, and as
more enemy's vessels might also arrive at any moment, I
ordered the stranded ship to be set on fire wit's ..7Tint. The
two steamers of the enemy came within gun-range, and
opened their fire upon our batteries. Colonel Grauowitch
maintained such a well-directed fire during two hours
with twelve pieces, that the enemy's ships were compelled
to retire out of range, much damaged. Two men and
three horses of the reserve battery were killed. Colonel
Flenski and Lieutenant Smirnoff, of the 2nd Light
Infantry and 10th Brigade, received contusions. We
have made prisoners Captain Girard, twenty-four officers
(and warrant officers), with 201 seamen and marines. The
Tiger was armed with sixteen Paixham's. At half-past
seven, p.m., she was completely burned?' The midshipman
on board the Tiger who lost both his legs in resisting the
capture of that vessel by the Russians is a son of Mr. G.
H. Wilkinson, the Recorder of Newcastle. Up to Satur-
day night no official intimation of the loss of the Tiger
had reached the Admiralty. There is too much reason,
however, to conclude that the statements, coming from
so many quarters, are but too true.
The Trieste Zeitung says that the ultimatum to Greece
demands the observance of a strict neutrality, and the
punishment of all those who have joined the rebellion ;
the immediate recall of all civil and military officers who
haVe joined it, and the refusal to re-admit into the public
service those who had resigned office, or left to join the
insurgents. If these categorical demands are not granted
by the 22nd, the throne to be declared vacant, and a new
Government established.

MONEY MATTERS IN Rusms.—The letters from St.
Petersburg and Odessa on Saturday contain nothing new
except that the exchanges at both places were higher. A
case which has just transpired seems to indicate that specie
payments in Russia are wholy suspended. A certain
amount in bills payable at St. Petersburg was remitted
from London a short time back to an eminent house in
that city, with instructions that they should forward the
proceeds in specie to Odessa, but it appeared that they
refused to do so, and would send nothing but paper
money:__ _

The Holyrood, screw-steam hired transport, Comman-
der Lovett, arrived at Sheerness on Wednesday from the
Baltic fleet. Commander Lovett left Sir Charles Napier
with his flagship The Duke of Wellington, and his
squadron, cruising N.N.E. of the Island of Gottska
Saudoe distant about 30 miles. No attempts up to the
16th inst. (the day on which the Holyrood left the fleet)
had been made to attack either Revel, the Island of Aland,
or any other Russian port. The English fleets were then
waiting the arrival of the French fleet, and no operations
are anticipated until the fleets unite. Only one French
line-of-battle ship had joined Sir Charles Napier's squadron,
but the whole of the French fleet were daily expected.
On the 17th inst. the Royal George, 120 guns, sent a boat
alongside the Holyrood for information, and she reported
having passed six sail of the line of the French fleet on
the previous day. The Holyrood has brought home 61
invalids from the fleet; 63 were sent on board, but two
seamen (invalids) died on the passage home ; one died on
the 17th, and the other on the 22nd, from the effects of
intermittent fever.

A notice from the General Post-office informs the public
that—" Her Majesty's Government, having made arrange-
ments for keeping up a weekly communication between
the British fleet in the Baltic and the port of Dantzic, by
wails of a steam-vessel to be detached from the fleet for
the purpose, mails will hereafter be forwarded weekly to
Dantzic for transmission by that vessel. The mails will
be made up and despatched from London every Tuesday
evening. Upon officers' letters the following combined
British and foreign rates of postage must be paid in ad-
vance, viz :—Not exceeding half-an-ounce in weight, Bd.;
exceeding half-an-ounce, and not exceeding one ounce, ls.
4d. ; exceeding one ounce and not exceeding two ounces,
2s. Bd.; and so on, according to the scale for charging in-
land letters. Ordinary soldiers' and seamen's letters,
posted in conformity with the usual regulations, may be
forwarded via Dantzic provided a combined British and
foreign rate of postage of sd. be paid in advance. News-
papers cannot be sent by this route. Letters for soldiers
and seamen serving in the British fleet in the Baltic may
still be forwarded, under the usual regulations, for a
postage of ld., by her Majesty's ships proceeding from
England; but such opportunities will necessarily be
uncertain. _

MILITARY ITEms.—The 22nd and 96th Regiments,
now stationed in the Bengal presidency, arc to be relieved
this autumn by the 27th and 35th Regiments. The
whole of the regiments §tatioued in Turkey are to be
completed to an establishment of 1,000 men. The 3linie
Rifle muskets, now in the possession of depots and regi-
ments at home, are to be given over to the reinforcements
embarking, for Turkey. Several regiments are to have
an establishment of 1,400 strong. The 63d is one that
has been selected. Ten companies are for foreign service,
leaving a depot of four companies at home. Camp equip-
ments are ordered to be served out to the troops in the five
military districts in Ireland to commence practising on
the Ist of June next. A very extensive brevet will
shortly take place. It will be the last of the kind, and,
therefore,take in every officer whose position gives him any-
thing like a claim to advancement. All vacancies will after-
wards be filled up as they occur on the seniority principle.
Several regiments of Militia will be called out for permanent
service, as they shall be required, to replace the regular
troops of the line. The Essex Rifles are the first en-
trusted with garrison duty. They have taken up their
quarters in the Tower of London, under the command of
Lord Jocelyn, the Hampshire Militia, under the Marquis

TUESDAY, MAY 30, 1854.

of Worcester, will strengthen the large and important/
garrison of Portsmouth. The Devonshire Militia it
march to Plymouth. The Staffordshire Militia will gar,
rison Dover. The Royal Berkshire will occupy Weed(Ti
Barrack, previous to their removal to the Royal Burgh uj
Windsor. The Lancashire and Yorkshire regiments, he
some of those in the metropolitan counties, are in
„ be
highest state of training and efficiency, and
amongst the first called out. The order for the incree.
of the Infantry of the line has been issued from th't
Horseguards. Each regiment will henceforth consist 41
1,400 effective men ; 1,000 for active service abroad, an:
400 to compose the reserve companies at home. .c;
brevet for the army will be immediately issued, 'rill., 11
will enable several of the older officers th retire upon
higher rank.