The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1841-12-21 00:00:00

Wigan

Ipswich....
0xf0rd......
Carlisle....
Deptford...
D0ver......

Southampton .
Huddersfield..
Ashton-under
Lyne . ..
Lincoln.

Gateshead.
Durham..
Gloucester

6,763
8,280
9,247
8,563

Lancaster
Wakefield
North Shields
Tynemouth,
South Shields
Maidstone....
Hereford ....
Loughborough
Taunton......
Kendal • 7,505
Doncaster 6,935
Salisbury .. 8,243
Merthyr Tydvil 15;-;20
Worcester 13,668
Colchester 12,554
Wolverhampton. 14,136
Warrington 11,738
Reading 10,788
48,325
9,1a9
8,343
10,200

lteriham_

Halifax.......
Northampton.
Canterbury...
8ury..........
805t0n.......
Kidderminster
Rochdale.....
Bradford
Swansea......
Whitehaven..
Fr0me........
King's Lynn..
Exeter.......

13,533
9,001
A,443
7,306

17,659
8,885
12,508
9,090

33,597
11,813

15,177
10,135
11,933
12,613
12,232

8,762
8,180
8,038
22,036
7,767
8,196
10,106
9.493
10,259
18,896

16,921 i
9,074

15,387
10,282
10,800
11,139
10,015
10,801
9,876

22,383
18,610

16,167

24,732
16,015

15,595
22,912
15,382
15,351
13,649

15,086
11,210
14,981
35,764
23,223
13,694

11,393
12,240

13,370
28,242

77,196
34,680
29,612
60,577
13,379
38,641
29,971
25,644
16,554
31,333

In the above table we have given the population of many
of the large towns••in England and Wales in 1811. 1821,
1831, and 1841. Our readers will perceive that the return
for the present year gives a very great increase, and in many
instances a remarkable decrease, in several towns, of a some-
what startling character. For instance, the population of
Halifax in 1831 was, according to the official abstract pub-
lished in that year, 15,582; and in the census of 1841 it is
stated to be 109,175. Again, the population of Liverpool in
1831 was 155,175: it is new 223,054. In Ashton-under-
Lyne it wits, in 1831, 33,597 ; in 1841, 130,381. We give
the numbers as we Lind them recorded in the government
documents printed by the authority of parliament. This
apparent increase of population is the result of a new divi-
sion of the parishes and townships into districts, termed
" superintendent registrar's districts," and accordingly the
numbers specified above as resident in the various towns are
comprehended within the district under the surveilance of
the " superintendent registrar," and termed his division.
In 1831, when the last enumeration of the people was made,
no such division existed. An entirely new arrangement
appears to have been adopted this year in obtaining the
census. Although no strict comparison can be instituted
between the population of these towns in 1831 and 1841, in
consequence of the partition of the country into " superin-
tendent registrars' districts," we still think it better to give
the numbers, as a knowledge of the extent of the population
in these places may be useful to those resident in the cities
and towns specified. Many of the towns, however, are dis-
tricts of themselves, and include no neighbouring parishes.
In these it will be perceived the population has increased,
but not to a remarkable degree. .

POPULATION OF ENGLAND AND WALES, FOR

THE LAST 130 YEARS

Population

Per Cent
Decrease

5,134,516
5;066,337

1.3
Increase

5,315,351 5.5
5,687,993 6.4
5,129,705 2.4
6,039.684 3.6
6,478,730 7.2
7,227,586 11.5
7,814,827 8.1.
8,540,738 9.1
9,187,176 7.5
10,407,557 13.2
11,957,555 14.8
13,840,751 15.7

MANUFACTURE OF FICTITIOUS FREEMEN

(From the Morning Herald)

Lord Mayor O'Connell is prostituting the powers of his
official position to the save jobbing propensities as have
charicterised the career of his whole life. His doings in the
single matter of deciding claims of franchise qualification
fully prove this. In two sittings of his court he is stated by
the editor of the Dublin Evening Packet " to have admitted
one hundred and forty claimants to the freedom of the cor-
poration, riot TWENTY of whom, probably, had any real title
to it." IS this a slight matter? Does the indiscriminate
admission of claimants. from the lowest ranks of small Irish
tradesnien and working mechanics threaten no mischief to
the political tranquillity, if not of the country, yet, at least,
of the capital ? Or are we, to be told that O'Connell has no
political objects in this unseemly and insulting career of
" pitchforking " not scores but crowds of new freemen ?
Will they nfither increase his enormous faction, nor
strengthen hifttill inordinate influence ? And are even his
avowed, political views (to say nothing of those he secretly
indulges) such as to make the fact of that increase matter of
insignificance or even of indifference to the empire at large?

Why the very mode in which he presides in his court of
qualification-pitchforkery is as insulting to the parliament
whose act has virtually placed him there, and to the United
Kingdom which returned that parliament, as it is disgraceful
to himself. He does not deem it'necessary to affect an in-
tention of complying with the spirit or the letter of the act
in question. He roundly admits his doubt that A. B. has
made out his claim : but then it is his " lordship's " wish
to admit him. " He appears to have no scruple in announ-
cing," says the Dublin Evening Mail, " that his decisions,
in many instances, are at variance with law and justice; but
he justifies this acknowledgment with the declaration ' that,
being a great admirer of the extension of the franchise, he
must admit the claimant, leaving the parties to the Court of
Queen's Bench for their remedy.' " Take a few of these
dignified answers—these mature decisions—these municipal
decrees=these. impartial judgments ;—so grave, so careful,
so weti.befitting the chief magistrate of a metropolis, and one
of the most popular pleaders in its courts of " LAW" !

. .
".I will admit you (Monahan), and leave the case to an
appeal to the Court of Queen's Bench, as I am an advocate
for the franchise."

(Did he sit there to " advocate the franchise," or to de-
termine, under the obligations of his oath of office, and in
the honest discharge of his magisterial duty, who were and
who were not ENTITLED by law, to the best of his know-
ledge and belief, to that franchise ?)
" This is just the 'question I wish to raise. Solomon
Rounds being. a freeman by birth, I think the claimant"
(who bad married Rounds' granddaughter) " has every right
to his freedom. I will raise the question in this case."
" 1 will admit you (II Large), though your case is one as
to which a reasonable doubt might be raised."
(To J. A. HumPlireys—a case of clear, absolute failure of
proof)--1! I must admit this man. The certificate appears
to be genuine."
hi another claim—by right of servitude—claimant had
served part of his lime to one master ; part to another ; has
indentures in both cases; the remainder of his appraitice-
ship to several other masters. Admitted I
Again—" I will admit you (Black) on the same grounds
that Messrs. Revell were admitted—by birth. If it be ob-
jected to, it can be argued in the Court of Queen's Bench."
` Is there," asks the Standard, and we concur in the
cidestion, " no general law for the punishment of such gross
abuse of authority ? We think that it amounts to a misde-
meanor at common law at all events."

But who is to pay for these " centuries " of issues to be
tried by the Court of Queen's Bench? What cares O'Con-
nell! He gets serfs for his party and contributors to his
" rent."

BILLS PAYABLE.—Christmas falling upon Saturday this
year, all bills due on the 25th and 26th instant are payable
on Friday, the 24th.

SHARP PRACTICE —A system of fraud has been adopted
within these few months which should operate as a caution
to tradespeople in the country, how they accept agencies
from parties in London, with whose characters they are un-
acquainted. The
garfefair, we now particularly allude to has
been carried to a extentkingdom,
amongst the stationers and
booksellers in the kin
uantrmust turn out a lucrative
job to the projectors of the' who appear to con-
sist of three parties. About July of the present year, a
person living in London, say Mr. Swiveller, professed to
have made a wonderful discovery in the art of making a su-
perior ink, and sent circulars round the country requesting
sale
parties to become agents for the of the same ;if no
notice were taken of the first, repeated applications were
made, until a sort of consent was yielded, and
Theand immediately
down went a huge cask of the preciouscommodity.
sale being thus effected to the utmost for some time, and
there not being a probability of a second demand e
dtici the next
move was one to get rid of the chance of the a
sent back, in case it should not sell ; this was achievebcelibnyg
Swiveller disposing of the concern to the second parties -
the scheme, Messrs. Catspaw and Co., and immediately inin
forming the agents that he had done so, to prevent the ink-
flowing back to the manufactory. The third party was now
to step upon the stage and enact their part in the swindle.
This was done by the relations of Swiveller and Co., who
practice as lawyers somewhere in the suburbs, under a tie
similar in import to that which figures in the celebrated tale
in-a. northern periodical. In about four months fromatn
the
perfecting of the scheme, without the slightest applitlemecio
being made for payment by Mr. SWiveller, these gentlemen
set to work, and by printed circulars dethand payment of
Swiveller's accounts within six days, together with an exor-
bitant sum for the cost of application, under the threat of
immediate " legal proceedings without further notice or de-
lay;" and the unfortunate dupes, rather than incur a doubt-
ful litigation with such chat acters, are in most instances too
ready to wipe their hands of the concern by submitting to
the demand. It is calculated that Swiveller and Co. will
pocket about £5,000 by the speculation, and the highly re-
spectable attornies, who, of course, are to share the booty,
will net about £250 for the costs of application for pay-
ment ! Times.

UNIVERSITY AND CLERICAL INTELLIGENCE

(From th

atjbrd Herald.)

In a Convocation holden on Friday, the nomination of the
Rev. John Griffiths, M.A.. Sub-Warden of Wadham Col-
lege, to be a Delegate of Accounts, was unanimously ap-
proved.
In a congregation holden at the same time, the following
Degrees were conferred:—

BACHELORS IN DIVINITY.
Rev. John Williams, Fellow of Jesus College
Rev. William Matlock, Balliol College.
BACHELORS OF ARTS.

Lionel Carden, University College.
Henry Hubert Cornish, Magdalene Hall.
Charles Rede Clifton, Merton College.
Edwin Lutnsdaine Sandvs-Lumsdaine, Oriel College.

The Rev. Octavius Brock,YM.A., of Brasenose College,
has been presented to the Rectory of Dengy, Essex, void by
the cession of the Rev. John Hollier Stephenson.
The Rev. John B. Maude, M.A., Fellow of Qneen's Col-
lege, has been appointed Domestic Chaplain to the Right
Hon. the Earl of Lonsdale, K.G.
The Rev. William Brassey Hole, 8.A., of Exeter College,
has been presented to the Rectory of Woolfardisworthen,
Devon, on his own petition, void by the death of the Rev.
John Hole. _

Henry Mildred Birch, Scholar of King's College, Cam-
bridge, has been elected a Fellow of that Society.
The Bishop of Ely's Fellowship at St. John's College,
Cambridge, to which his Lordship resigned his right to nomi-
nate, leaving it open to public competition, has just been
conferred upon A. M. Hopper, of Trinity College, (B.A.
1839) now a tutor of Eton. There were six candidates.

PROMOTIONS

Rev. George Rigg, 8.A., to the Perpetual Curacy of St.
Peter's in the East Gate, Lincoln, vacant by the death of the
Rev. George Moore ; patrons, the Precenter and Prebenda-
ries of Lincoln Cathedral. . .

Rev. John Hollier Stephenson, to the Rectory of Corring-
ham, Essex, void by the death of the Rev. William Rose
Stephenson.
Rev. A. G. Edonhart, 8.A., late of St. John's College,
Cambridge, to the Perpetual Curacy of St. Paul's Church,
Blackburn ; patron, the Vicar of Blackburn.
Rev. Owen Owen, to the Rectory of St. Edmund, Exeter,
vacant by the death of the Rev. Thomas Atkinson ; patron,
George Hyde, Esq.
Rev. G. H. A. Gwyther, M.A. to the Vicarage of Madely,
Salop, void by the cession of the Rev. George Edmonds ;
patron, Sir Richard B. P. Phillips, Bart.