The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-01-05 00:00:00

THE SARAH SANDS.

The trial of this fine ship has been looked forward to
with great interest, she being the largest vessel in which
the principle of auxiliary steam-power has been fairly
tested. Messrs. Sands and Co. are the largest owners,
and she is commanded by Capt. W. C. Thompson, late of
the Stephen Whitney, also a large owner, and for twenty-
five years commanding vessels from New York. She was
built from the designs of Mr. Grantham, of this town,
consulting engineer, who has had considerable experience
in this description of vessel ; he also superintended her
-Instruction, assisted by Captain Thompson.
"-e proportions of the Sarah Sands are as follow:
, - measurement, 1000 tons ; new measurement,
tamer* length of keel, 188 feet ; length over all, about
1300 tong ; . 32 feet ; depth of main deck, 19 feet 6
215 feet ; beft, c spar deck, 7 feet 6 inches. She is
inches ; height the addition of a low mast forward
barque-rigged, wit ,
all. Sbe is clencher-btlilt, and
making four mast" "' bowanfiwdfterya
ih2nwacnhdehsosomdedieaeraesb,illateenrta.:
double rivutted, has a' efiripk. 4
ers
head. The engines have' CYl499s,
and three feet stroke, no'l4inal
capable of working much higher; vsrlat,', are made on the
oscillating principle, connected aeett tothe knropeller shall
without spur-wheels, an arrangeznetit petem-4- by gr'.!
Grantham, and applied by him to seem/ vessels with
great success. Her bunkers will contain 30ertans of coals,
having room for stowing about 1000 tons of cargo, Her
screw is fourteen feet diameter, has four arms, and is on
plan, patented by Mr. Woodcroft, of Manchestett She
has water-tight compartments, and lower, main, and spar'
decks. Her interior arrangements are admirably rafipaged.
The Sarah Sands was 'taken out of dock on Tuesday,
and on Wednesday she started on a trial trip, in light bal-
last trim having on board Mr. Atherton., an engineer
from Woolwich,r
sent expressly by the admiralty to wit-.
ness the trials. She remained out three days, and re-
turned on Friday, to. take in cargo for New York, for'
which place she starts on the 18th instant.
The following account of her performances may be re-
lied upon, being taken from the log and from the testi-
mony of the various parties who witnessed them.. Her
draught of water was fifteen feet four inches aft and thir-
teen feet ten inches forward. The steam averaged about
51bs. pressure, instead of 141bs. as intended ; a defect
which will easily be remedied.. It does not appear ever to
have exceeded 641bs. The engines made generally-thirty
revolutions, 180 feet per minute for the piston, or forty
feet less than the usual standard. With full steam the
speed of the engines will, be thirty-five to- forty revolu-
tions. The speed of the vessel under steam alone, and
with thirty revolutions, was full eight knots, and,
,for a
short time, when the steam-pressure was at its best, the
revolutions reached thirty-four-and-a-half, and the vessel
rather exceeded nine knots.

When Mr. Atherton was on board her, she ran from.
the Rock Lighthouse to the Bell' Buoy in fifty-eight
minutes, although obstructed by a large fleet of vessels,
inward-bound. Under canvas she performed most ad-
mirably, being remarkably still and manageable.. The
following remarks appear in the notes that were made
during the passage :—" The pilot says he would never
wish to be in a stiffer vessel as she would roll to wind-
ward." " The idea that the ship would be tender'is all
nonsense."

•
We consider that the facts developed by this vessel pos-
sess the greatest interest to the shipowners of this country..
The Sarah Sands has cost about half the money generally
expended upon steamers of her class, with speed very
little short of theirs, with even superior accommodation
for passengers, requiring about half the quantity of coals,
and capable of taking about four times the amount of
cargo, thus putting beyond a question the practicability
of having a steam communication for the more valuable
cargoes to all parts of the world. In addition to these
advantages, the Sarah Sands, being a fully rigged ship,
will be perfectly safe if anything should happen to her
machinery.

CHURCHES IN LIVERPOOL AND BIRKENHEAD:

A correspondent of the Record gives the following
account of the progress of church extension in these towns.
In Liverpool, comprising nearly 300,000 souls, there are
about forty churches. The following are now in course
of erection, in addition to the above :—West Derb', at
cost of one individual ; Great Homer-street, at cost of the
family of the late C. Horsfall, Esq. ; Walton Breck, by
public subscription ; St. Simon's, by public subscription;
Cornwallis-street, by public subscription ; and St. Paul's,
by friends of the Rev. Hugh M`Neile. And about £12,000
has been contributed towards the erection of three addi-
tional free churches in the oorest parts of the town,
under Sir R. Peel's Tate act. n additional effort is also
being made to erect four additional churches in the popu-
lous district at the south end of the town ; but I believe
the utmost that has been so far secured is the erection of
one, or at most two churches.

But, supposing all these churches to be built, we should
have thirteen additional churches erected by the end of
next year, providing accommodation for perhaps 13,000
persons, but we have had no new churches built for
several years past, and the population, meanwhile,- has
been increasing in a great ratio, and there is every proba-
bility of its progressive increase being very greatly acce-
lerated. Nothing, therefore, has been done to meet the
deficiencies of the past.
Besides, a great number of the Liverpool churches are
placed in situations ill adapted to meet the great and cry-
ing evil of want of accommodation for the great mass of
the population. No town in England is better supplied
with churches in the districts inhabited generally by
the better classes ; and no town, I would fain hope, is
wors in the poorer parts. In a small district round Rod-
ney-street, inhabited chiefly by the respectable class of
the community, and with wide streets and open spaces in;
it, are the churches of St. Luke, St. Andrew, St. Michael,
St. Philip, St. Jame, St. David, St. Mark, and St. John;
three Scotch chapels, and twelve Dissenting chapels ;
while the north and south districts, inhabited by a poor
population four-fold the density of that of London, pre-
sents a state of spiritual destitution unequalled in Eng-
land. The Dissenters, as an almost necessary conse-
quence of their sole dependence on the Voluntary system,
have been induced, in many instances, to sell their cha..
pels in the lower parts of the town; for commercial pur.
poses, owing to the great value of the land, and erect, irt
the wealthier districts, chapels in lieu of those situated
where there was the greatest spiritual want. It is grati-
fying to observe that many of the new churches are being
erected in these forsaken districts ; but the cost for the
mere sites is a most heavy item.

I would now call you; attention to the exertions now
making, I am happy to say, to anticipate the wants of
the new town of Birkenhead. The following churches
are now in course of erection here, and are all large and
handsome structures :

St. John's, at the cost of J. Mallaby, J. S. Jackson, and
W. Jackson, Esqrs.
W. Potter, W. Jackson, and
J. W. and M`G. Laird, Esqrs.
W. Potter, Esq.

St. James

St. Anne's & 1 ,4
another f

St. Davit's, by public subscription, raised through the
exertions of Rev. J. Baylee for the Welsh
inhabitants, who have for some time had
service in Trinity Church in the afternoons,
_ _ through Mr. Baylee's kindness.

There is also a new church building at Seaco mbe, which
may be considered as a part of Birkenhead. These, with
the churches of St. Mary and the 1-loly Trinity, and a
chapel at Oxton opened lately, will comprise eight
churches for a present population of about 25,000, and
Mr. W. Jackson and Mr. Potter have signified their
intention to erect each an additional one, next year,
forming ten in all.

Spacious schoolrooms have been licensed for Divine
service in the districts of St. Anne and St. John, erected
and supported by the founders of the respective churches.
Birkenhead presents perhaps the only instance of a
commercial town where an effort has been made to
provide adequately for the accommodation of the popula-
tion.

RECEIPTS OF FLOUR, &c., AT ALBANY, 1845-6.

We extract from the Albany journals the following ta-
ble of flour, wheat, barley, and corn, at tide water, during
the fourth week of November, in the years 1845 and
1846:

Wheat.
1846, 144,450 bls. 122,759 bu

Corn.
42,518 bu

Barley.
41,295 bu.

8021 bu.

Decr. 34,900 bls. 74,510 bu. Incr. 41,118 bu. Decr. 38,721
The aggregate receipts of the same articles at tide water,
from the commencement of navigation in 1845 and 1840,
to and inclusive of the fourth week of November, were:—
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Barley.
""" "70 Ms- 9 ... Cll bu. 1." 147 be.

.4,923,664 bu
1845, 2,487,517 bls. 1,581,422 bu

,586,60.
33,778 bu. 1,151,909 bu..

Incr. 515,463 bls. 1,342,172 bu. 1,552,853 bu. 1,269,238 bu.
The comparative excess of wheat this year over the
supplies of the correspondent period of 1845, being thus
----' to 783,897 barrels of flour. "It will be seen,"
"" that the receipts of flour at tide water
we made a few weeks ago of 3,000,000