The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1841-09-14 00:00:00

MISCELLANEOUS

WESLEYAN CONFERENCE versus TEETOTALLERS.—The
Wesleyan Conference at its-late sitting resolved—" 1. That
no unfermented wines be used in the administration of the
sacrai.lent throughout the connexion. 2. That no Wesleyan
chapels be lent for the meetings of the Temperance Society ;
and 3. That no preacher shall go into another circuit to ad-

vocate teetotalism, without the— consent of the superinten-

dent of the circuit to which he may be invited."
We understand that Mr. Wolverly Attwood will be the

conservative candidate for Sunderland, and we congratulate

the constituency of that borough on the opportunity thus
afforded them of manifesting their attachment to the con-

servative cause by the election of a representative who has

already proved himself a most dffigent.and efficient membet

of the House of Commons

It is expected that the nominatioq at Sunderland will take

place on Monday or Tuesday, and the polling on the subse-

quent day

Mr. Wolverley- Attwood is the constitutional

candidate, and Lord HowiclC, the rejected of North Northam-

berland, the nominee of the Lannbton Faction, with the

permission of Mr. David Jonassohn

What next?

NEW LOCOMOTIVE ENGlNE.—Messrs. Coulthard, of
Gateshead, engineers, have just completed a powerful Loco-
motive Engine, including all the modern improvementss,
with also, in one respect,_ a novelty in construction of great'

. . .
practical advantage. This consists in the rejection of what
may be called the "cinder chamber," so that the bars are

exposed to the external atmosphere, and ashes fall directly
upon the ground. Thus, the bars being presented to the
cold air on tha outside, they do not waste away with that
rapidity which is consequent upon the ordinary construction,
and considerable economy is the result. The engine being
built more for power than for speed, the works are placed,
chiefly, on the outside, and are of peculiarly easy access for
puiposes of repair. Mr. Nicholas Wood, under whose
superintendence she was built, is so much pleased with her

construction, that he has adopted her as his own, and she
has been honoured with the name of " the Nicholas Wood."
Trial was made of her powers on Thursday week, in the pre-
sence of Mr. Wood and other gentlemen, who were_ much

gratified by her performances ; and, after remaining for ex-
periment on the Brandling Junction Railway a few days,
she will be removed to the Clarence line to commence her

labours in good earnest.
SIR ROBERT PEEL'S APPOINTMENTS.—In filling up the

numerous offices which usually become vacant upon a com-
plete change of ministry, Sir IL Peel has had the good
fortune, not merely to occasion no whisper of offence, either
among friends or foes, but to give a degree of general satis-
faction, rather uncommon, we should think, in his peculiar
circumstances. We say this, to the credit of all parties,
without exception. As far as regards the right hon. baronet
himself, the invidiousness almost inseperable from the
necessity of giving a preferance where numerous
,claims ap-
peara to be nearly equal has been successfully got rid of by

the perfect rectitude arid single-mindedness which have

governed him throughout; while, with reference to the itn-.
mense body of able men from among whom a selection was

to be made, we give them no ordinary praise when we say,

that without the slightest disparagement having been felt by
any one of them, their competing pretensions have been
placed at Sir Robert's disposal with precisely the generous
devotedness most conducive to the public service, and least
likely to embarass him in completing his official arrange-
ments. Nor must we omit to acknowledge what is really

due to our political opponents. Powerless though they be,
for any effective resistence to the conservative premier, the
impotent and factious hostility which their loss of office is so
apt to engender against their successors has, in the present
case, been voluntarily restrained, or very partially exhibited.
Never, perhaps, was less discontent shown on any similar
occasion. The allegation that any particular office has beau
filled up with an incompetent or unmeritorious person has
never once been made. To suppose that there are no 'Tr-
dictive and rankling resentments among the discarded wht&s
were to expect too much from human infirmity; yet, though
we are far from imputing to them any watchful querulous-
ness that might not equally have attached to their supplanters
in similar circumstances, not a public murmur have they
ventured to utter. If a conservative government must needs
be formed, the universal conviction seems to be that the
appointments of Sir Robert Peel are upon the whole,
invulnerable.

TREMENDOUS STORM AT SOUTHAMPTON.—On Friday
evening, the 3d instant, a most fearful storm was experienced'
in the Southampton Water and the neighbourhood, which is
thus described by the Hants Advertiser:—At half-past six
a heavy fall of rain came on, and what had just before been
a slight breeze, increased in violence with extraordinary ra-
pidity—the New Forest seemed in fearful agitation, and in a
few minutes a most awful tornado ensued, sweeping every-
thing before it, and by its swiftness producing the most ap-
palling sounds. It seemed as if the air was occupied with a
legion of spirits uttering the most terrific shrieks : in another
minute the heavens seemed all one mass of flame, and of all
colours, as blue, green, yellow, red, the thunder crashed like
fields of artillery tired at once, while everything bent beneath
the blast. The sails of vessels were shivered to ribands,
boats swamped, houses partially unroofed, trees torn up by
their roots, and land and water exhibiting in a few minutes
only an extensive scene of desolation. The rain poured
down as if, indeed, Heaven's windows were opened—and it
was most providential that such was the case, for the light-
ning poured out—not flashed, but thrust out into wide sheets
of flame; and, if it had not been for the deluge of rain, the
rigging of vessels, and wooden erections on shore, and stacks
in fields, must have been ignited. We have witnessed seve-
ral heavy storms here, but they all fall into insignificance
when compared with this. It lasted just one hour. To de-
tail a twentieth part of the damage done would occupy a co-
lumn. The great tree at the deanery and one in Tree:field:

lane were torn out of the ground ; the streets are sprinkled
with tiles, and the water with wreck. The Ariadne yacht,
while her sails were being furled, had two men washed over-
board, but with enormous exertion they were saved ; the gig
was upset ; a brig brought uo, but before the sails could be
got in they were shivered to ribands. A vessel is sunk off
Chapel-wharf, and we have just received the distressing in-
telligence of a fisherman's boat having swamped off Calshot,
and four lives lost. The whole district is one scene of fright-
ful devastation not a house has escaped, 4nd all accom-
plished in less than an hour. We are glad to know that the
harvest is nearly got in, so that but little damage will have
been sustained by outstanding crops.
A statement of the income and expenditure of the turnpike
trusts in England and Wales, which has been printed by
order of the House of Commons, will show, in reference to
those counties which are inure ur less intersected by railroads
(for the year 1839), how the income of those trusts has been
affected. In Bedfordshire the total income in 1833 amounted
to £12,599, and the total expenditure to £12,914, leaving a
deficiency of £315. In Berkshire the total income was
£18,362, and the expenditure £17,151. In Buckingham-
shire the income amounted to £14,838, and the expenditure
to £16,199, leaving a deficiency of £1,361. In Cambridge-
shire the total income was £15,123, and the expenditure
£14;525. In Cheshire the income amounted to £50,854,
and the expenditure to £52,015, leaving a deficiency of
£1,161. In Derbyshire the income amounted to £40,997,
and the expenditure £12,800, leaving a deficiency of £1.803.
In Durham the income amounted to £32,612, and the ex-
penditure to £32,204, leaving a surplus of only £4OB. In
Essex the income amounted to £31,460, and the expenditure
to £31,729, leaving a deficiency of £269. In Gloucestershire
the income was £78,339, and the expenditure 81,594, leav-
ing a deficieney of £3,255. In Hampshire the income
amounted to £26,957, and the expenditure to £27,978, km,-
.

ing a deficiency of £1,021. In Kent the income amounted
to £61,721, and the expenditure to £60,964. In Lancashire
the income amounted to £148,822, and the expenditure to
£139,288. In Leicestershire the income and expenditure
was respectively £25,2.50 and £23,772, and in Lincolnshire
£31,274 and £33,574, leaving a deficiency in the latter
county of £2,300. In Middlesex the deficiency amounted
to about £2,418. In Northamptonshire the deficiency was
no less than £4,443. In Oxfordshire the income was
£23,680, and the expenditure £22,006. In Shropshire the
deficiency of income was about £2,595. In Sornersetshire
there was a surplus of £578. In Staffordshire the income
amounted to £58,128, and the expenditure to £59,752. In
Surrey the income was £61,000, and the expenditure
£63,578, leaving a deficiency of £2,578. In Warwickshire
the income was £28,685, and, the expenditure £28,384. In
Worcestershire the income amounted to £42,821, and the
expenditure to £35,820. In Yorkshire the income amounted
to £201,438, and the expenditure to £199,107, leaving a

surplus of .12,331. Thus, of the above 24 counties, there
are no less than 12 in which the income is exceeded by ex-
penditure. These statements furnish a curious addition, to
the history of railway travelling and its effects in 'this
country. _

Dr. CHALMERS ON THE CORN LAWS.—Sir Robert Peel's
argument upon the corn law question leaves nothing to be
said ; but the opinion of Dr. Chalmers as to the effect of the
corn-laws in producing distress is worthy of attention. The
extract which we are about to make is taken from a letter
addressed to the Manchester Conference, which letter Was
suppressed by that candid and very pious body. Dr. Chal-
mers, it will be remembered, was quoted as an authority
against the corn-laws in the course of the debate on Thiirs-
day week :—" To speak honestly, I must speak in the terms
of my own opinion ; and with such an opinion as I have been
led to form, I could not tell the people that the corn Jaws
were the great causes of their destitution and misery, or that
in the removal of these, abundance and prosperity were
henceforth and for ever to smile upon them. I could not
lend myself to what I believe is a delusion, nor join in hold-
ing up a fancy picture before the
eyes of the working clasies,
which, while it dazzled their imagination, would, after the
brief interval, it may be, of a few months, or at most a +cry
few years,- most cruelly disappoint and deceive their
hopes. I would not be a party in practising such a decep-
tion on the minds of any of my, fellow-counteymen,..nor
help to lure them from the only path by which they will
ever reach that high state of comfort and sufficiency
which they are fully entitled, and which, under the aus-
pices of a wise and righteous, and withal Christian govern-
ment, they are abundantly capable of making good. It isitot
that I impeach the honour or sincerity of those who think
differently from myself on this question. Who, for example,
can doubt the perfect single-mindedness of the Rev. Baptist
Noel, and many others of the Christian ministers who are to
assemble in Manchester, and who will plead for the abolition
of the corn-laws with all the fervour and heartfelt philan-
thropy of men bent on the achievement of a great deliverance
for the common people of these lands? Nevertheless, 1 mast
be permitted to retain my conviction of this measure—that,
seemly and full of promise as it looks, it will in the end bring
them no deliverance. There might very possibly be a brief
interval of cheaper food, but followed up, and with a speed
inconceivable, by proportionably reduced wages—after which
we shall behold the families of our working classes in the same
average condition as before, and borne down by the same
weight of toil and penury, when, this expedient having been
tried
theywill be exposed to the renewal
ofaggravated by the mockery of ex pecta-
theair ondld found
jlardships, wanting,
tions which have not been realized."—Sir Robert Peel pro-
bably had not seen the letter of Dr. Chalmers, yet his argu-
ment coincides with wonderful exactness with that of ‘the
foregoing extract.
THE FOREIGN SECRETARY.—Lord Aberdeen is a men of
clear, calm, and well-informed intellect. Habituallyi' 'ac-
quainted with foreign politics ; at an early period of his life
remarkable for his scholarship, completing it by classical re-
search throughout Europe ; and consummating his education
for public life by long personal intercourse with the most dis-
tinguished names in the most distinguished era of modern
history ; he probably possesses as large a political experience
as any living statesman. He was the Ambassador of Eng-
land to the Allied Cabinets in the field in the memorable
year 1814 ; and in conjunction with the late Marquess of
Londonderry, he finished, by the vigour of negociation, the
mighty overthrow of the French Jacobin Empire, which,
in
the glorious conflict of Leipsic, was begun by
the sword.
PARSONAGE HOUSES.—The history of parsonage houses
would offer much scope for antiquarian research. .Wherever
priests were to be found
a church was consecrated to God.
residing in the neighbourhood, now and thento solitude,
to circumstances.
but generally ( for it is not good for. man be alone) in
pear to have
groups of two, three, or more,
The terms " monastery " and ce P Intant
what we call the parsonage of a
at first nothing more than ,ticcopinag
• h being served more diligently.' II
church or chapel, which,
required more tha -
churches and chapels 0v.7
n'
ministers. It was the imperatively
the vicinage of the 1?
heathenm ages that these theory of the
thing in lawless and men should
dwell in safety under"
the shadow of the Al •
ghty, or, fail-
ing their
should surrender lives without a struggle
of that, s ,
of God
to invaders, for the servant must not strive. .This,
however, although beautiful in idea, could not be carried into
age
practice. Perhaps theof miracles was past, and what-
ever a hero might now and then accomplish,would
men
shrink from destruction, and provide for their safety.
Hence, the original Parsonage was in all probability a tower
placed near, or forming part of the
temple where its inmates
associated.

Jr-- •--: -- -
tions impost and mono-
ry rood taste for a clergy-

But an extension

1 as employment for the

rtain proportion. of arable
would lessen the amount
it; but meanwhile an unlimited
would so enlarge manufacturing
it as to drain the country of all
ind this must increase the
as rents will be kept down,
landowners, but by the in-
tuations open to the children of
rise, not from the liberality of the
greased amount of employment for

for the benefit of the poor is to
tuse that would throw arable land
ease the amount of factory labour,
hildren. With abundrnt evidence
nanufacturing system before the
cork of children, had any one else
Is' I should have said it was a
nthropy. But I must just point
discrepancy, between page 11 and

—" Children now taken from school
i earn anything, however trifling, by
then remain much longer under in-

age 24, you say,—" Rents will be
liberality of the lantlowners, but by
)f situations open to the children of

demand for children' labour is
hat they can remain longer under

11 info

us will be the case? And
ware, when writing on the subject, that
,o often the case, that parents send their
factories while they remain idle them-
iesitatingly declare, that the demand for
a frightful evil, both iu a temporal and
;w, and one much to be deplored. _

ourselves dependatit upon foreign

,nticipate the indisposition of
As we wish to get their corn

wise wish to get our goods be-
ieir surplus population can be

ntl than in manufactures,

•ofitably employed• in manufactures
we as eager for the change as we."
may seem very plausible, but it is
id, that if we are to throw our land

)tne in a much greater degree

eat upon foreigners ;and common
) see, that being in that dependent
"Vely to raise their prices, know-
, then the notion of cheap
id we become, as 1 bear John

,1 or star;

the dupe of foreiguers. You also
factories as if it were the work of yes-
fact is they have for many years past
I. advances iu manufacturing ; and it
)re than altering our corn-laws to put
'tad they give up manufacturing if it is
.d this they have found it to be. Our
Vag es lowered, as the case now stands ;
their roods lower, in order to compete

will require to lower their wages again.
to say :—" It has been said, that it is
Ind to be dependent upon other nations
the idea of independence appears to me
to insist upon the fact, that under the
sere is occasionally such a demand for
the inadequate supply at home, that the
corn for home consumption. during the
.ed to 2,681,390 quarters, for which the
d the country to pay in bullion ; let us

are not now, and cannot be in.depen-
tries." As to the sliding scale forcing
bullion, that is another of your un-
nd on the other point your argument
f our becoming more dependent upon
s not a very luminous one, although I
some of our liberal legislative lumi-
yourself, namely, that we are partly
ners for corn now ; therefore, our de-
►dent is chimerical. Coleridge has so
upon this point, that I must give his
hick I will take the liberty of viewing
of more value than the pseudo-liberal
nt day.

ie that England may safely depend upon
n corn, if it grew none, or an insufficient
wn, forget that they are subjugating the
itself, to the mere luxuries or comforts
not certain that the price of corn abroad
in us as soon as it is once known that we
when that fact is known, in what sort of
e be? Besides this, the argument sup-
ture is not a positive good to the nation,
itself as a mode of existence for the peo-
sition is false and pernicious; and if we
great horde of manufacturers. shall we
ian at present, excite the of all the
other nations ? It has been already
ce which is before all the world, that some
rers have acted upon the accursed princi-
y injuring foreign manufacturers, if they
ultimate disgrace of the country and loss

en at the risk of using too long a quota-
from Coleridge, it is so sound and valua-

mitted that the great principles of commerce
aterchange of commodities to be free ; but
ich is barter, has no proper range beyond
iveniences ; it is properly the complement to
;nce and development of a state. But how
n that the principles applicable to an inter-
reniences or luxuries apply also to an inter-
essaries ? No state can be such properly,
elf-subsistent at least ; for no state that is
tially independent. The nation that cannot
lout the commodity of another nation, is in
eof that other nation. In common times,
try interest will prevail, and prevent a ruin-
the power which the nation supplying the
; have over the nation which has only the
r luxury to return ; but such interest, both
and nations, will yield to many stranger pas-
land any authority to the contrary ? If so,
n, and Carthage were so! Would you put
Outing with a country which can be overrun
and starved in a year ?"
ch a state of things could never come to pass
►us, which a reference to a clause in one of
passed in 1578; 13 Elizabeth, c. 13, will
de enacted that " for the better increase of
aaintenance and increase of the navy and
realm," corn might be exported at all times
tries when proclamation was not made to
regret that I have not been able to conclude
but there are several important points in
to be considered, with which I will con-

) remain, reverend Sir,

Yours respectfully,
J. C.
ter, for 2;500,000 acres uncultivated wastes,
netnent, read 4,500,000 acres.

LNT CORRESPONDENCE

spondence will be read with interest, as
nduct of Mr. Nixon's subordinate in
3 seal to the return of the Fermanagh
the act of an isolated person who al-

be hurried away with the engrossing ex-
dly-fought contest. Much more import-
.ved has been attached to this piece of indi-
1, but it has called forth an assurance of the

at least exists amongst all persuasions

)jects:—

CROM CASTLE, Sept. 6.
!nee of the manner in which you have

firing the last debates in the House of Corn-
s to a certain offensive seal which has been
urn of the members for the county of Fer-
lieutenant of this county, considered it my
Leting at the earliest moment, for the pur-
le gentry an opportunity of disconnecting
a party from the conduct of the individual
ly caused the stigma to be cast upon us.

asure in forwarding to you a copy of the
11 the principal gentry at present in the
of their disapprobation of such conduct,
ered to the feelings of the Roman Catho-
;e sent copies to each of our members, in
htmake what use of them they may think

will remove from your mind any
emen and landed prop►ietors of this
tering the feelings imputed to them,
unworthy and uncharitable actions
s you advocate.—l have the honour

r Cn.towroN, Lieutenant of Fermanagh
mi. Sir Robert Peel, &c.

NNISKILLEN COURT-HOUSE, Sept. 4.
of a correspondence having appeared in
of our county papers, and our attention
.eport of a speech said to have been made
Robert Peel, alluding to certain circum-
e conduct of our High-Sheriff in the re-
:ounty members, in which the right hon.
bas been asked whether he intended to
:s who have offered a deep insult to the
their countrymen, &c.

)pportunity, at a meeting convened
county of Fermanagh, of entering
condemnation of an offensive seal
return of the writ, as disavowed
and we totally disconnect our-
.). or persons who could be guilty of any
air the kindly feelings that up to the
o happily existed in Fermanagh between
lesty's subjects ; and we feel it right to
of the empire does greater tranquillity
Bence to the law exist than in our loyal

Sheriff

of the most influential inhabitants of

ten to acknowledge theWHITEHALL, letteS
rwhich I have
of receiving from you, and of the document
aies it, expressing, on behalf of the principal
anagh at present in the county, their marked
of an act to which public attention has been
and which was calculated to wound the feel-
aan Catholic

jects.
-sub
as document was unnecessary with a
iy mind an impression unfavourable
it proceeds. I could not entertain
lemen of Fermanagh would deeply
i
pprove of the act n question.

DC superfluous for the
is intended, I have received
ie communication which you have

a public meeting of the gentlemen
f
by yourself as lieutenant of the county,
,;,so of which you have been the organ
;pressed, so calculated to discourage
rovokiug and irritating demonstrations
) remove the causes of dissension and

.1 you have e,clopted is calculated to
Ice to the Government which it has
obedience to the COWlllands of her

ty.
assures me, that the course which I have re-
[ to pursue with respect to the administration of Irish
will meet with the cordial support of those .W.llOAe
ly co-operation is almost essential to its zuceesS.