The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-10-27 00:00:00

FORELGN .AND C.O:LO NIA L.

ARRIVAL 'OF THE GREAT WESTERN.
The noble steam-ship. Great Western, CapteMattheces.
arrived here on Sunday morning, havinrheen detained-off
the port in conseenence of.not. meeting with a pilot. eshe
arrived off Holyhead onSatzrday at nooni having left New
York on the -Oth. -She accomplished the- passage in six-
teen hours and a half.
The principal-feature of the• intelligence is that rele.ting
to the war between the. United States and Mexico, which
had again assumed a more threatening appearance. The
Atnericans_seem to have changed their tactics, and the of-
ficial organ of the American government declares that" the
war must be carried on with vigour. -We must compel
her people (of Mex:ca) to share its expenses with us by
levying contributions upon he: for the support of our
army."
The accounts-received by this arrival confirm the re-
ported caeture of Santa -:Fe hy the American army:under
General ,Kearne. The resistance offered by Armijo tc the
progress of the-force amounted to a -show of-opposition
merely ; and-he afterwards fled to Chihuahua. -General
Kearney immediately issued an address to the Mexican
soldiery and populace, proclaiming himself govesner of
New Mexico, and.raised the American -flag on the public
stations. The principal officers of the government took
the oath of allegiance to the American government, and
the administration of -Governor ,Kearney commenced
without delay. A part of General Kearney's forces-were
about to leave-for California.
On the frontier affairs appear to be again converging to-
wards a collision between the Americans and Mexicans.
A letter.to the New Orleans Picayune, dated at Seralvo,
September 3d, states that General Taylor would probably
be withincannon shot of Monterey on the 18th or 20th of
September. Ampudia is at Monterey, with the entire
control. Two thousand Mexican troops of the line ar-
rived.there on the 31st of August, with four pieces of field
artillery. .Canales was at Marina, with 6000 Rancheros,
to dispute-General Taylor's march upon Montery.
To this intelligence the correspondence of the New
York True Sun addS, that by advices from Camargo to
the Bth of September, it must be apprehended that a bat-
tle had been fought at Seralvo between General Worth
and the Mexicans, as a force of the latter, 1,000 strong,
was seen advancing-towards that place, and within forty
miles of it. intelligence of the fact was sent by express
to General Taylor, who immediately pressed forward with
a portion of his troops, by forced marches, to the relief of
General Worth. The Mexicans were reported to be ral-
lying from all points to juin the forces under Ampudia.
From the Pacific and the Gulf we have no further in-
telligence. The Washington correspondence of the New
York Commercial Advertiser states, that General Jessup,
Quarter-Master-General had been ordered to the " seat
of wm-," for the purpose of attending to the supply of
the several columns of invasion with transportation, mu-
nitions, provisions, &c., in the most speedy, efficient, and
economical manner. eneral Jessup acquired remelt cre-
dit for his management of this branch of the service in
the Florida war.
The Steam Ship Hibernia arrived at Bcston on the 3d
instant.

Accounts from Rio de Janeiro to the 31st August had
been received in New York.
The following summary of the Commercial intelligence
we take from tike New York Sten :—"The American Cot-
ton Market continues excited. Private acc,,unts of a
short crop are confirmed, and the market at New York,
which on the 3rd October advanced ot,e quarter of a cent
on the receipt of Liverpool advices to the 19th September,
closes firm.

"Wheat, flour, and Indian corn being in active demand,
all the canals and railroads are busily employed in trans-
porting them to the sea hoard. Indian corn has advanced
to 82 cents per bushel for best white, in consequence of
the demand in Europe. Flour does not sustain itself in
proportion, the supply in maaket being much larger than
at the game season in any former year. We quote best
Western Canal flour $5 50 to 55 62 1-2 per bar-
rel. che New York Canal returns up to the 4th
week in September, report 1,854,068 barrels of flour de-
livered at tide water, being an increase of 510,233 barrels
over the same period of last year. Of wheat, to the same
period, 1,368 916 bushels, being an increase of 891,383
bushels. - Of barley, the receipts are 347,842 bushels, an
increase of 106,743 bushels. Of Indian corn, the receipts
are 1,155,654 bushels, being an increase over last year of
1,126,718 bushels !! !
"The United States government having exhausted their
funds in the Mexican war. Mr. Walker, the secretary of
the treasury, repaired to the city of New York, October
3d, to borrow five millions of dollars. He offered five
per cent, interest, but the banks demanded six, so he
passed to the private banking-house of Brown, Brothers
and Co., who took the loan, mostly on English account.
Money in New York is worth 7 per cent. on the best
commercial paper, having six months to run. Three
months' paper is done at six per cent. Apprehensions of
a scarcity of money begin to be entertained, as peace
with Mexico becomes more distant."

SPAlN.—Accounts from Madrid are of the 17th instant.
The royal bullfight, which took place on the preceding
day, was described as truly magnificent. Upwards of
30,000 persons were present at it. Eleven bulls, and the
usual proportion of horses, were killed. The departure
of the Duke and Duchess de Montpensier stood fixed for
the 22d. The decree of amnesty had been signed by the
Queen, but had not yet appeared in the Gazelle. The
royal pardon was to be extended to all the military from
the rank of colonel inclusive, and to civilians from that
of political chief. Persons invested with commands by
insurrectionary juntas were alone to be excluded, but her
Majesty is to exercise her clemency towards them when
circumstances shall permit. The Herald°, in noticing
the declaration of the British minister against the succes-
sion of the Infanta's children, adopts the opinions set
forth in the Britannia :—" The moment England recog-
nised at Eu the propriety of the marriage of the Infanta
with the Duke, after the birth of a son with the Queen,
of an heir who may not live, she has lost all right to pro-
test against that union and its consequences. England
and Europe may require that the letter and spirit of the
treaty of Utrecht be observed, and that the crowns of
France and Spain be not united on the same head ; but
they cannot prevent the son of a princess of Castile, who
holds his right from nature and the will of the Spanish
nation, from ascending the throne of his ancestors."
On the 10th of October Mr. Cobden dined with the
British Ambassador at Madrid, and on the 11th went
with Mr. Bulwer to the Queen of Spain's drawing-room.
On the 14th Inst., a grand banquet was given in honor
of Mr. Cobden, at Madrid by the "Spanish Commercial
Association."
THE KAFIR `VAR.—lntelligence from the Cape of
Good Hope, to the 19th August inclusive, has been re-
ceived. From the scenes of hostilities in Kafirland, there
is not much news of importance. The events are, how-
ever, distressing, though the general aspect of affairs is
not greatly altered. A day or two more were expected to
bring all the divisions upon the Buffalo Poort, where it
was confidently believed that the main body of the Kafirs
would be assailed and brought to action. His Excel-
lency the Governor was on the Bth of August at Pieree,
ready to move either upon the Amatalo, or upon the up-
per spruits of the Buffalo. There had been a good deal
of skirmishing with the Kafirs, but no general engage-
ment. The results do not appear to have been very im-
portant. The accounts mention seventy of the enemy as
killed by Colonel Hare's division, and fifty-seven by Sir
A. Stockenstrom's ; while the loss on our side is said not
to amount to more than ten or twelve killed, and a few
wounded. A Graham's Town paper, of the 25th August,
contains accounts from Sir Andreas Stockenstrom to the

4th or sth. In conjunction with the division of the co-
lonial forces under the command of Colonel Hare, he had
driven the Kaffirs from their strongholds in the Amatola
mountains. No general action had taken place, the
Kaffirs having been unable to concentrate their forces ;
but they were driven from all their positions with consi-
derable loss, and they were left in full retreat upon the
Kei River. Sir Andreas only waited supplies of ammu-
nition and provisions to follow them to the Keeshema
district.

Dr. Arnolei, the Archbishop of :Treves, so famous for
his part in the "holy coat" affair, has. addressed a circu-
lar to all the ecclesiastics of his diocese, recommending
them, in the most pressing terms, to employ all their in-
fluence to iiscourage the faithful-from further pilgrimages
to Treyeea and stating that sucladernonstrationsa far.from
being-acts of piety, were rather prompted by vanity, sa-
vouring of superstition.
•INUNALTIONS ON THE Cosmaserr.—The Loire has
risen to a fearful height, and it is feared.will cause great
ravages. On the 19th the waters were already two. me-
tres higher than at the time of the terrible inundation of
1840. Roanne is completely inundateeLend a great many
houses are said to have been washed away in the neigh-
bourhood. At Andrexieuz, the whole valley of. Forey is
under water. o.le of the faubourgs at Nevers has greatly
suffered ; at Angers the • Loire rose five atiitres (about IC
feet) in-one night, driving back:the waters of the 'Maine.
A letter from Orleans, of the 21st, says.:—" :Yesterday,
at 11 at night, a sudden rise of the waters of the Loire
carried away part of the viaduct en the Orleans and Vier-
.zon railway. A house near the bridge was carried away
by the waters, but the workmen who were inside escaped
by means of a boat. The opening of the (Means and
Vierzon line is again retarded by this :new disaster:"
The level of the Seine, which on the 20th'.was not more
than,7o centim. above the low-water mark, marked on
the 21st 2 m. 70 centim., having thus risen two metres in
one night.
DREADFUL GALE AT NEWFOUNDLANE.— One of the
most terrific and destructive storms of wind and rain by
which Newfoundl.nil has ever been visited occurred on
September 20th. Houses have been blown from their
foundations and torn in fragments, in two lamentable in-
stances crushed beneath the ruins some of their unfor-
tunate tenants. Trees, in almost every direction, have
been uprooted from their be& or broken in pieces by the
fury of the gale. Many bridges, fences, and other erec-
tions have els° been carried away or much injured by the
great and rapid rise of the rivers, which, in some instances,
rose fully ten feet above their ordinary levels, deluging the
low lands near their courses, and strewing their margins
with immense quantities of wrecked materials. Among
the most distressing results of the gale in the town, we
may particularize the total destruction of that spacious
but unfinished building, the Natives' Hall, which, since
the late fire, has afforded shelter to several families. At
about five p.m. it fell with an awful crash, and by its fall,
melancholy to relate, a brother and sister of the name of
Duggan, of the respective ages of about five and twenty
years, were killed, end their mother so severely injured,
that hopes were scarcely entertained of her recovery.—
Several others were more or less hurt. The new church
of St. Thomas appears to have been lifted from its foun-
dation by the force of the pale, as it has been removed
several inches from its former position. A great portions'
of the flue new brick houses in the course of erection for
Mr. E. M. Archibald, end rapidly approaching completion ;
externally, was blown down. About twenty other build-
ings, mostly unfinished, have been levelled to the ground,
and many others injured. Every bridge crossing the
river, from Quidi Vidi to Long Pond, has been either
swept away by the flood or much damaged. The arch of
that fine stone erection, the King's Bridge, is entirely
gone. The River-head bridges have also suffered, although
not to the some extent. The centre part of the long bridge
leading to the south side, opposite the Hon. It. Job's cot-
tage, was cal-lied away, as were several smaller bridges in
other directions. Very serious injury has also been sus-
tained at Renr,ie's Mill-works. From ports 'o the south-
ward, the news is very distressing. At Petty Harbour,
where, as before stated, the Dartford was lost, consider-
able damage was done to the fishing-boats, stages, &c.,
and one man, named Patrick Kelly, a cooper, was killed
by the fill of! a stare. At Bay Bulls, about forty boats
are stated to have been swamped or broken to pieces
against the rocks—many stages destroyed—and by the fall
of a store, two brothers, young men named Brien, were
crushed to death, and their father hat] his limbs fractured.
Forr vessels bound to New foudland , three of which had run
into Bay Bulls for shelter, barely escaped shipwreck by
cutting away their masts. The schooner Dartford, of this
port, hslorging to Mr. NV. Dillon, loading with fish at
Petty-harbour, was lost. A vessel was wrecked at liar-
Grace, and another at Carbonear. From Renews we have
also a lamentable account ; seven men are stated to have
bsen drowned, about twenty boats lost, and many stages
destroyed. Four of the dead bodies have been picked up.