The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1849-07-03 00:00:00

GREAT PROTECTION MEETING.

A meeting of the friends of the National Association
for the Protection of British Industry and capital was
hald at Drury-lane Theatre, on Tuesday, at twelve o'clock.
The meeting was presided over by the Duke of Rich-
mond ; and on the mention of the name of Lord Stanley
as one of the committee of the new association, the 4,000
persons present rose as one man, and joined in three
truly British cheers. Altogether, the meeting was the
most extraordinary that ever took place in London, the
enthusiasm being more genuine than any we ever saw in
any assembly. Amongst those present on the platform
were—The Duke of Newcastle, the Marquis of Camden,
the Marquis of Downshire, Viscount Combermere, Vis-
count Camden, the Earl of Desart, the Earl of Eglin-
toun, the Earl of Maknesbury, Earl Stanhope, Viscount
Strangford, Earl Talbot, Lord Charles Pelham Clinton,
Lord Glengall, Lord Normanton, Lord Redesdale, Sir
Allan M`Nab, Major Beresford, M.P., George Bankes,
Esq., M.P., Captain Boldero, M.P., Lord Brooke, M.P.,
Sir Charles M. Burrell, M.P., &c., &c.
The SECRETARY read the report, which was a lengthy
document. It adverted to the address issued by the Pro-
visional Committee of the Association, explaining the
principles on which it had been founded, and which had,
it was stated, been extensively circulated, and read with
general approbation; to the rules and regulations of the
association, and to the division and general powers of its
sub-committees; and:finally concluded with an enumera-
tion of the members who had joined it.
The Earl of MALmEssoßy moved the first resolution—
that the report be received and adopted—that his Grace
the Duke of Richmond be president, and that the noble-
men and gentlemen named in the report, be vice-presi-
dents and trustees of the association. Three years ago
(said the noble earl) protection was talked of as a thing
dead and gone by for ever. That meeting was a reply to
such jeers ; it was a proof of the practical consequences
of the repeal of the corn-laws. No longer had they to
deal in prophecy and foreboding, for all that had been
foretold had come. or was fast coming, to pass. Such
was the imminent distress of the agricultural interest, he
could not find words to express his apprehensions as to
the ultimate fate of all connected with it. Up to 1842
the average price of corn for many years had been 565.
It was now 41s. ; or, in other words, the agricultural in-
terest had suffered a loss of 20 per cent. No reduction in
the wages of the labourer of is., or even 2s. a week—an
immense sum for a poor man to lose—would make up to
the landlord the depreciation caused by a change in the
corn laws. They had not yet, he feared, seen the end of
that depreciation. Meantime the rates were increasing ;
within this year they exceeded by C 00,001; the rates for

1848. In that year the rates were £5,400,000, or nearly
the amount of the income-tax ; now they were £6,100,000.
Mind, that was with cheap bread. With the old prices
the increase would have amounted to £lOO,OOO. From
every witness and from every district they heard the same
tale; the wages of the agricultural labourers diminished
—many of them dismissed by the farmers and landlords,
who were obliged to cut their coats according to their
cloth. It was vain for Lord Grey to tell him, as he had
done the other night in the House of Lords, that farms
were let more readily than ever; for he challenged the
noble earl to say, whether in his own county—as well cul-
tivated as any in England—he had not had farms on his
hands, which he had to let at much lower rents than for-
merly ? As things now stood, farmers were alike unable
to enter into any arrangement for the occurntion of land,
and the whole agricultural interest was paralysed. But
the free traders were not content with that ; they next
sacrificed one of the greatest and most glorious interests
in the empire. If there was nne jewel in the cre,cvn
brighter than another, it was that possession, our colony
of Jamaica. But it was destroyed. He cruld not find
words sufficiently strong to execrate the p'Zilicy which had
destroyed it. At home their free trade policy had been
equally disastrous. Take, for example, the single article
of gloves. There had:been a steady increase in the im-
portation of foreien gloves since the duty had been dimi-
minished. In 1848, 382,000 pairs of gloves were im-
ported ; in 1849 not less than 686,000 pairs were im-
ported. Of how many a supperless night to the poor
man did those figures speak ? But the capital was still
wanting to the pillar of free trade. They commenced it
with the Wreck of the navigation laws. That glorious
piece of legislative architecture had just been finished,
and the House of Peers had, he regretted to say, passed a
measure, not only one of the most unjust, but one of the
most dangerous to the country which ever h d received
their sanction : for after it had destroyed our commer-
cial, it would prosprate our national marine. These
theories would not snit a country like this. We are no
infant republic just weaned from the lap of a new world.
We had to feed and maintain in their gigantic strength
the limbs of an ancient monarchy on sustenance far dif-
ferent from that administered by the set of modern
quacks around us. If the present course was to be ad-
hered to they must have recourse to an increase of direct
taxation, or if not, they must reduce public expenditure
40 per cent., or reduce it 20 per cent.. and the interest
paid to the public creditor 20 per cent. also. Could any
Englishman, at such times as the present, consent to a
reduction of 40 per-cent. in the army and navy ? If they
did, they would soon have Frencb spears and sabres jang-
ling on their pavement. What then became of the ho-

now. of their country ? There was another course left—
to retrace the steps so rashly made. It was not yet too
late to adopt it. Greater than Rome—for we ruled the
ocean where she governed" the continent—the birthplace
of liberty—the palace of civilization—the emporium of
wealth and commerce—the citadel of courage—all the
great qualities ever created by God combined and united
in one land—were ours. They had been gradually created
and fostered under laws protective of native industry.
They were told tbis was not a normal and natural policy.
He could only say, he hoped to God the time would never
come when that theory would be consummated—and con-
summated he believed it never would be till Englishmen
had lost that coolness of head and warmth of heart which
had characterised them over the world.

Major BERESFORD seconded the resolution. He stood
not there to hold up the interests of the landowners, but
to say that the poor man had drained the cup offree-
trade to its bitter dregs. A friend of his had told him
that he had, in consequence of free trade, reduced his ex-
penses by £2OO per annum : but he also acknowledged
that his profits had been diminished by £l,OOO, and if
that was applied to the productive powers of England they
would find to what a pass free trade had reduced this
great end once prosperous country. The effect would,
and must be, that though the harvest might be uncom-
monly good, and though they might be blessed by God
with the finest weather, yet the land would want the
proper culture and the aids which the advancement of
science had given in these days.
The CHAIRMAN then put the motion, which was car-
ried with only one dissentient.
The Marquis of DOWNSHIRE moved the second reso-
lution—" That the agriculturalists of England, and the
labourers they employ, are at tbis moment involved in
the greatest difficulty and distress, while in Ireland the
condition of the population is revolting to humanity ; that
these evils have been caused in England by the indiscri-
minate admission of foreign produce, which has also
greatly aggravated the miseries and distresses of Ireland ;
and that unless just protection be afforded against the
competition of countries comparatively untaxed, the ruin
of the present race of English farmers and the destitution
' of the agricultural labourers are inevitable—nor will it be
possible that Ireland can be recovered from her present
deplorable condition." His lordship said he was no', one
of the faction whom they had once trusted, nor had he
partaken of that infernal mess of hell-broth which their
late Prime Minister had once administered to them, and
which, he was happy to say, he for one had never tasted.
(Loud cheers.) They would excuse the strong expres-
sions which he had used ; but the subject was one which
excited his strongest disgust, and he spoke the language
whice filled his heart, and which, he believed, inflamed
theirs also. (Cheers.) If there did come a general elec
tion, let them look to the men whom they elected next
time. (Cheers.)
Mr. ELLMAN, a practical farmer, in seconding the re-
solution, drew a lamentable picture of the distress existing
in the county of Sussex, from whence he came. The
amount of that distress, he said, could hardly be be-
lieved. They had not only had a deficient crop, but de-
ficient prices; and the question was, how that evil had
been occasioned. He believed that it had been caused by
the introduction of foreign corn, not subject to the duties
which the agricultural classes of the country paid for local
and other taxation. (Cheers.) He quoted the language
used by Mr. Huskisson, in 1814, in his celebrated letter
to the electors of Chichester :—" Let the bread we eat be
our own production, let our corn be grown among our-
selves, and, for one, I care not how cheap it is—the
cheaper the better." To that opinion he (Mr. Elliman)
subscribed, but the present low prices were caused in
quite a different manner, being the result of the intro-
duction of foreign produce. Had the Government this
year insisted on the immediate payment of the hop duty,
a considerable portion of the farmers in Kent and Sussex
would have been sold up. They had been obliged to enter
into a bond that the duty would be paid, and these bonds
were ss. each ; so that persons having a duty less than
205., paid more than 50 per cent. for a postponement of it
for six months. He might state his own case in 1845 ;
circumstances which it would be bad taste to mention
were the cause of his leaving the farm which his father
and grandfather had held for more than a century pr.vi-
ously. It was, at first, his intention to retire altogether
from agricultural pursuits ; but a farm offered itself near
him, and he did not like the idea of parting with a flock
which it had taken a century to rear. Before, however,
entering into terms for this new farm, he asked a friend
of his, in whose judgment he placed confidence, if de-
pendence could be placed on Sir Robert Peel, and whe-
ther he would be safe in taking a farm on a long lease.
The answer was, that it would be impossible, after what
he had said in 1842, that he would attempt to alter the
existing corn laws ; but that if he tried to do so, that it
was more impossible that the Parliament, returned to
support protection, and, above all, that the House of
Peers would sanction such treachery. He took the farm,
and what had been the consequences ? Within six months
the corn laws had been altered ; protection had been en-
tirely withdrawn, and his property had depreciated up-
wards of one-third. The person who took £12,000 ca-
pital into a farm suddenly found it depreciated to £B,OOO.
The resolution was supported by Mr. HEIGHAM, and
on being put from the chair, like the former, was carried
unanimously. _

Sir A. M;NAB, in moving the next resolution, demon-
strated the serious effects of free-trade policy on the pro-
vince of Upper Canada, of which he was a native. It
was originally settled by Englishmen, Irishmen, and
Scotchmen, and their descendants, who having discharged
their duty to their King and country in the United States,
went to Upper Canada, settled there, faithful to their alle-
giance, desirous to live under the British flag. The offi-
cers and soldiers who had served their sovereign received
grants of lands in Upper Canada, and in no country in
Europe could there be found a more loyal and devoted
people. No part of North America had flourished more
than Upper Canada before the free trade system, which
the mother country had pledged them to adopt there. It
was capable of receiving the whole surplus population o
England. In many parts of it two hundred acres
could be bought for £lOO. There was no country in
the earth superior in natural resources to that between
Lakes Erie, Huron, and Ontario, and £3,000,000 had
already been expended in making the communication to
the Atlantic complete. What the inhabitants suffered
from was the being frozen in for five or six months of the
year ; and that though in summer corn might be taken to
Quebec and Montreal at remunerative prices, yet, before
crossing the Atlantic, the expense was so great that the
Americans could sell at much better advantage in this
country than our own colonists, who had no markets, and
on whose wheat the Americans had placed a duty of from
20 to 30 per cent. ; that was the position in which the
legislation of this country had placed our Canadian pos-
sessions. He concluded by moving—" That the applica-
tion of the principles of free trade to British colonial policy
has produced the most disastrous effects on colonial inte-
rests, ruining in the West Indies the proprietors of estates,
while it had stimulated the slave trade and aggravated its
horrors ; and in the North American colonies causing dis-
content, which, ripened into disaffection, may endanger
the connexion with the mother country."
Mr. BOSANQUET seconded the resolution, which was
carried unanimously.
Mr. G. F. YOUNG then moved a resolution deprecatory
of the recent alterations in the Navigation Laws, and ex-
pressing a conviction that British maritime commerce
will be severely injured, and the national defences conse-
quently endangered, by the sweeping extension of the
principles of navigation. The resolution, like the former,
was carried unanimously.
The following resolutions were then submitted to the
meeting, and carried without a dissentient :
" That the general adoption of the principles of free
trade must lower wages and depress the labouring classes
of this country to the level of the lowest class in compet-
ing countries."
" That from the peculiar circumstances attending the
last general election, and the strong reaction produced by
dear-bought experience on the public mind, the present
House of Commons does not, in supporting the ruinous
policy of free trade, faithfully represent the sentiments of
the people; and that, considering the urgent necessity
for a change of system for the preservation of all the best
interests of the state, it be strongly recommended to all
constituencies immediately to address the Queen, praying
that her Majesty will be pleased to dissolve the parlia-
ment, and appeal to her people."
Three vigorous cheers were then given for the " Duke of
Richmond, and Protection to British Industry ;" and the
usual vote of thanks having been accorded to his Grace as
Chairman, the meeting broke up.

/

SECOND EDITIOI,I
Standard-office, Two o'clocke

CITY OF LONDON ELEcrurs.--
OF THE POLL.
C l''
THIS DAY—TWELVE O'CL-

3571
Rothschild .
Manners......

MajoritY 1769

Kid Pri
LIVERPOOL SHARE MARKET. ---x
s yestvloir
Our Share market this morning is mileh all, ay,
fair amount of business has been done at 671;
which are—Midland .eso's, In 13 d; Do. stoc,k, 3h p ;00
Western, 82 d ; London stock, 130 1291 ; Po.h.f7artbS
Union A, 223 ; Newcastle pref., 4 d; York an. --71cll
30; Liverpool and Bury, 10* d; Leeds .432.52
Staffords, d.

p
LIVERPOOL CORN MARKET.—_ ere d
To`c.perr
At this day's market the transactionsin ovra 01;e1;
fair amout priest country millers, but wit tlaY
path
mited. at little varied from the rates of ltr,
Prime sack and barrel Flours were in fair dercaerevo4',"
terms I?st noted; but inferior qualities of each At 5
There was a good business done in Indian cle;
prime samples of yellow, and 345. to 355. for 14
In other articles little variation.

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Vs
F THE FA
0/1
There can be no doubt that this sericag did
bo',.
present visiting some portion of this loealit!,;eoPrid
would impress upon our readers the fact, that I- gt:4
led ° 401''
hensions entertained of its fatal character are° tbet
exaggerated. Thus far it has been confined:its rifry
and most unwholesome parts of the town, an,otsci:,so,ll,
have been amongst persons, predisposed to 1061 ,4
intemperance, dirty habits, and bad, or insailie,,
It must be borne in mind that, at this sealti-se f°llll+4
always been visited with ill health, in the cariforeAreroll
typhus, dysentery, &c. The ravages' of the,ol-er3'oiil
summers ago, were far more extensive than e"f 011°1,0
its greatest prevalence; and it is the opinion e.`th eatlV
men now that it is perfectly manageable I'l clOrleilSi
evxigisotro;utshetrneaattmureenot;
cilinolefraactis,
gietsnemrayllsyteutirrnicie;si
the sga~
itsattacks
adoption
of be almost
proper
diet, un
which at first perplexed practitioners, has Ar1te6414,511
vegetables, unripe fruit, and
iavnedrsathlley
every
tending to disorder the bowels. t
It is most injurious to persons assailed by °fit! diT
as is too generally done, that it is almost necesliciifol,
We hear, it is true, of the numbers of deaths '„feivbt;
from it, and of the short time in which it Pr-al'icrY
but we have no record of the numbers of cases„gthV,
cured. The reports which are given in to the "di51,e,,'‘,1;
are principally those of the parish doctors, tber4ir
surgeons, &c. ; but the cases, which occur it' 01.410'
practice of our medical men, they are under Atoos
to report at all, even should they result in deld'oll•ie4
stance of this occurred during the past week, „11;fig
of our doctors reported one fatal case, exFol—, l.r"tle,t`
did so because it was a parish case • and will -spf.-,e"
had any others, he stated that he had had
thirty in his private practice, all of which, '"
taken in time, had been readily cured.
disuse,ega utbl i 'llllll

EXAGGERATED IDEAS 0
CHOLE

CLERICAL INTELLIGENC'

e Ore.
he'
BISHOPS IN THE REFORMED BRA,,- 0 r
,e o•( 4t ia
CHURCH.—Many of our readers are not sw.'„ost ft‘eo,47o
tent to which the Reformed Episcopate ha5A-ak
In Europe we have fifty-one bishops, in 'la
Africa one, Dr. Gray, Bishop of Capetown'
thirty-seven, and in Australasia six. tr
the veo gt
Towards replenishing the treasury ofi3O,atrhr
Bishopric Fund, the following donations P-OPf3i'',°Fet
ceived :—The Bishop of Canterbury £500;ftb`,,534
Canterbury Cathedral, at the consecration °ol3o'
of Victoria and Rupert's Land, £170; Anoill
cents., £2,000. •
ova .'ofrOilt
THE CHURCH IN JAMAICA.—At the sec,", ,0°
of the Bishop of Jamaica 10,000 persons s'i-e Pior
and sixteen new churches were consecrated' tbeirre';':,
years the clergy have increased a fifth, wiwstbete_i CO"
tion has slightly diminished. In the diocese trial
archdeacons, twenty-seven rectors, fifty PerPllo
and three colonial chaplains. There are oor," 4if
where 7,500 pupils, chiefly children of the P a°C o•rA'
cated. Lon gt
MEDICAL MISSIONS AT CANTON.—The 6.401'04°00"
sionary Society has established a medical ilLo'ol,ero,tgill
ton, which seems to be managed vpith 00: 40'
cess. With the help of Leang-a-fa, an as t,boo"tirePti
other Chinese, a place has been engageutstO ri'r
re-e 40e
from the foreign factories. Of the assistan
verts and one is a preacher. The SabbatltteceP poogi
religious exercises. Between two and. Auer
persons are prescribed for daily. The I:;rcisv
such an institution as this is silently e -
the Chinese is very great. •btri
ete. f
COLONIAL BISHOPRICS' FUND.—COis dr
ment has been urovided for the colonial s.‘tictetThei;/
Fredericton, Capetown, Adelaide, and feoforid f
fund,
—New
smbeTeaninapnaia,rt en ne, e$ •
dow t rer
meibolbt f
castle ; and within the same period of eg $O,
additional bishoprics have been endowheo, andain
sources—viz., Antigua, Guiana, Coloo"' has • OW
Land. There is still a demand for blurs
Leone, Western Australia, and the 31a 11';° tOlif
s 0 pt
provision has yet been made for the see reg ,f 4. t ,
and Montreal, after the incumbency of thej'll 09 014
CONFIRMATIONS BY THE BISHOP of Artoo.t.,' .4t pep
Bishop of Chester intends to hold con" er• pol
following places, in the course of the sutnw 9,tiefite: op°°
dal, on Wednesday, Bth August, at 11 5.700' oot„1,
on Thursday, 9th August, at 11 a.m.; idnelcer,ri,iir,pl
Friday, 10th August, at 11 a.m. ;at wor44 1 -
. st .
Saturday, 11th August. at 2 p.n.
Monday, 13th August, at 11 a.m. ; a","Gosn,
tbif oil
nesday, 15th August, at 11 a.in.; 0" fri05,•,41,,
same day, at 3 p.m.; at Broughto, °llatgy„lvtos73,,ol
tai
gust, at 11 a.rn. at Dalton, on Saturoiet 311' 0.1
at 11 a.m.,_. at elverston, on TuesdaY, at, 5.
do ' I 11 a
a.m. ; at Haverthwaite, on the same , fit 0 gt;
Cartmel, on Wednesday, 22nd Angus, ugust' sOite.
Kirkby Lansdale, on Thursday, 23rd i'-4,0•040h0P
THE CRUSADE AGAINST THE RIGII;rOWnton
—Dr. Knox, the new Whig BishoP o'vanca4ol 0.01
1846, was a subscriber to the Church of ' .14 004.0
has prohibited two other clergymen--°onreaci?;•?!
his
sndoiuorceedse thanforthDart .veOry' S us
society.
liferothett;isto,frpirsteleleili!
be acting directly opposite to the law /on; rtgb,
late Archbishop of Dublin acted for o;iineLniNgs
the episcopal right now at issue, yet in PrOeiti
deference to high legal opinion, obtain too, detneldjr
the following opinion of Dr. Lushiagegg an c0.:4
eminence of counsel and the ex
his exposition should command resP co e,,yeale
as anything short of a judicial decis!nnto_. pr'„tel._`; foe
prehend that a bishop has no autho,LtYitting of
uumbent within his diocese from aannister iesr 10Iff
of his Church any regular ordained
°. reto the 'sfit%ste.il
blished Church, whether he belong
equally dear 40v.t00,
diocese ; and it appears to me yiy or IV
las no authority to prevent any regnisldeat
ter of the Established Church, not reinoo,loo
from preaching an occasional sermon •°p Of '-
his diocese, provided he has the We'
of the Church for so doing."

jaly 3
--------.....