Star.
London, England, 1826-08-22 00:00:00

I and that of his family, will accept this opportunity of
bettering his condition, by laying the foundst'on for fu-
tore independence, with eagerness and gratitude, when
sufficient time has elapsed, and proper pains been taken
to snake him understand the true nature sad character
of the change that is proposed for him.
of It is equally considered as certain, shit parishes
will anxiously accept this facility (as far as their own
concurrence is required) of relieving themselves, at
a slight annual expense, of any present and pressing re-
dundancy of population, arid also of securing for the
future the effectual prevention supplied by this mean:, e
for any accumulation of labourers whose services they
may he incapable of remunerating.
" It is at once evident that this system. of emigration
could be made immediately applicable to Ireland and
Scotland, provided that money was raised there for the
purpose by local assessment, or that a specific tax was
pledged for money lent for that purpose by the Go-
vernment

" Although it may be argued, that there can be no
actual redundancy of population as long as the waste
lands in the mother country remain uncultivated, yet no
person conversant with such subjects can contend that
such redundancy does not now, virtually, at least, exist ;
in other words, that there are not many strong labouring
men for whose services there is no adequate demand,
and who cannot be employed upon any productive
labour that will pay the expenses of production; and if
any person should feel alarm, that under the opera-
tion of such a measure too great a proportion of the
population might be abstracted, hey may rest assured
not only that this measure can be aucpended or limited
at any time, but that in point of fact it has that sus-
pensive power within itself; for, whenever there should
exist at home an adequate demand for the services of
able-bodied men out of employ, whether from the in.
crease of productive industry, or from the demands of
war, or from any other cause, there would be no longer
a temptation to emigrate.
" It is also observed, that with such a system in re-
gular and effective operation, no inconvenience could
ever again result to this country from a temporary sti-
mulus being given at any time to the population which
could not permanently be sustained. It must not be
forgotten, in a comprehensive view of such a system,
that the pauper, for whose labour no remuneration can
be afforded at home, will be transmuted by this process
into an independent proprietor, and at no distant period
will become a consumer of the manufactured articles of
his native country; nor, on the other hand, can any
calculable period be assigned for the termination of such
a system, until all the colonies of the British Empire
are saturated, and millions added to those who speak
the English language, and carry with them the liberty
and the laws and sympathies of their native country.
" Such a system would direct the tide of emigration
towards parts of the British Empire which must be',
considered as integral, though separated by geographical
position. The defence of these colonial possessions
would be more easily supplied within themselves, and
their increasing prosperity would not only relieve the
mother country from pecuniary demands that are now
indispensable, but that prosperity in its re-action would
augment the wealth and the resources of the mother
country itself."

The number of emigrants sent out in 1823, was 182
men, 143 women, 57 boys between 14 and eighteen, and
166 children under fourteen, forming together an age
gresate of 568. The expense actually incurred for this
emigration amounted to 14,5931. Ss. which was at the
rate of 221. Is. 6d. per head ; the estimate on which
the vote was taken, was at the rate of 801. per family,
taking the proportion of a man, a woman, and two chil-
dren for each family. That estimate had been calcu-
lated with reference to the following details :—a man
351. a woman 261. two children 141. each. forming a
total of 881. from which a deduction had been made of
a little more than 9 per cent. on the supposition that a
combined emigration would be found to be less expensive
than an individual case; but the total absence of all
previous preparations, Mid a high rate of passage, car-
ried the actual expense beyond the estimate. It will,
however, be observed, with respect to the emigrants
actually sent out, that the men were beyond the pro-
portion estimated; if that proportion had been pre-
served, the numbers would have been 142 men, 142
women, and 284, children ; consequently the actual ex-
pense would have been 12,4961. instead of 13.5471. and
in that case the positive excess ever the estimate would
have amounted to 1,1561. Various reasons have in-
duced your Committee to make the calculations at the
rate of 281. per head; in making their calculations at
that rate, which has peculiar relation to the Colony of
Upper Canada, your Committee beg it may be distinctly
understood, that an opinion is not expressed that so
emigration might not be carried on to Upper Canada•
at a still less rate of expense ; for by taking the propor-
tion in each family at three children, which your
Committee have reason to believe would be found to be
a mote accurate proportion than two children to each
family, the meats would necessarily be reduced in
proportion.
But your Committee are also of opinion, that previous
arrangements, contracts upon an extended scale, espe-
cially if made for a series of years, and order and method
introduced into the whole of the system, would enable
a less sum to effectahat which has been actually effected
in the case of the emigration of 1823, where no facilities
existed, except in the assistance of the local Government
of Upper Canada, and in the zeal an 4 exertions of the
superintendent, r. Peter Robinsou.
Your C3mmittee'would also observe, that the calcu-
lation of expense must necessarily vary in every different
Colony ; it would be diminished in Lower Canada, in
New Brunswick, in Novia Scotia, and Prince Edward's
Island ; but if 130/..be taken as the maximum expense
necessary to convey one man, one woman, and two
children, only to Upper Canada, and if the evidence
should show that "that maximum," can be repaid, it
follows, a foiti9ri, that any Minor expense can be repaid
with greater ease.
With respect to New South Wales and Van Dieman's
Land, the distance naturally creating so much addle
tional expense in the passage, the calculations applicable
to North America in no degree whatever apply to these
Colonies. With respect to the Capef the only emigra-
tion contemplated has been an emigration of labourers
rather' than of colonists; which equally makes the
calculation of Upper Canada inapplicable to that Co-
lony. Your Committee have supposed that the sum 'd
'BOl. could be raised on annuity of SI. 10s. 9J. for sixty
years, interest being taken at four per cent ; and under
the supposition that such an annuity could be raised,
their inquiries where directed to the question, whether,
%opposing that the payment of such an annuity (Or the
first seven yeari were secured, the situation of the emi.
grant head of a family would be such as to enable him
to undertake the payment of this annuity fur the re-