The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1839-03-22 00:00:00

THE UNITED STATES

(From the New York Gazette of February 28.)
WASHINGTON, February 26, 1839.—The most popular and
he easiest theme of declamation is war. We have had a
dozen or two of regular war speeches in both houses, upon
the message relative to the boundary difficulties.
The message was read to both houses about two o'clock.
It was found to be a sensible, conciliatory, and moderate
paper, but still sufficiently tenacious of the honour and in-
terests of the country. It does not approve of the rash pro-
ceedings of Governor Fairfield, and recommends to Maine
to withdraw and disband her forces. The President says,
however, that Great Britain has no title to exclusive juris-
diction in the territory in dispute, and he does not think she
will persist in asserting it. He roposes first, to try th
pending negotiation, and, if that fa p
il, he will propose the re-
ference of the dispute to the arbitrament of a third power.
But should the authorities of New Brunswick persist in their
aggressions, and in asserting and maintaining exclusive juris-
diction over the territory, he will then deem it the constitu-
tional duty of the executive to repel the invasion. He re-
fuses to comply with the demand of Governor Fairfield for
aid from the United States under present circumstances ;
but, in an anticipation of the occurrence of such an emer-
gency as will render the interference o f the general govern-
ment necessary, and to obviate the necessity of calling an
extra session of congress, he recommends it to congress to
make proper provision for any contingency.
Mr. Waddy Thompson, of S.C., first spoke, and eulogized
the message in the warmest terms, as manly and patriotic.
He gave his unqualified approbation to the whole course of
the administration on this subject. • He deprecated war, and
knew that its consequences might be disastrous to us, and
that it might be made a pretext by England for seizing upon
Cuba ; but still, in a matter of national pride and honour,
he would not stop to count the cost. The right of the United
States was not a question. That had been decided unani-
mously by both Houses of Congress heretofore. The ques-
tion now to be decided was, whether we should passively
submit to the insults and aggressions of England. The tone
of Sir John Harvey's letters he thought insolent in the ex-
treme, &c. He moved the printing of 20,000 extra copies of
the message and documents.
Mr. Evans, of Maine, followed in a long speech, exhibit-
ing the present position of this question. He complained of
the past neglect of this subject by the general government,
and remarked upon the former conduct of the administration
as " pusillanimous." He expressed himself as being pleased
with the assertion by the President that, in case the aggres-
sion should be persisted in, he would aid Maine. But he
maintained that Maine was now entitled to the support of the
general government. All hope of adjustment through nego-
ciation would be found delusive. The temper of the people
of New Brunswick, of the people of Maine, of the determi-
nation evinced in the letters of Governor Harvey, Mr. Fox,
arid Governor Fairfield, showed that matters would be pushed
to an extremity. He called upon congress to provide, at
once, the necessary means for aiding Maine ; and he insisted
that the state of Maine would not flinch from the position
she had taken, whether she was supported in it or not.
Several gentlemen, Messrs. Adams, Cushing, Lincoln,
and Sergeant, supported Mr. Evans' views. The whigs
went the whole hog in both houses. They threw Van's quiet
message quite into the shade. Mr. Clay was for giving the
President men and money.
The Committee on Foreign Affairs will soon report on the
subject.
The house is still in session (ten o'clock) on the civil and
diplomatic bill.

MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT.
To the Senate of the United States,
and House of Representatives.
I lay before Congress several despatches from his Excel-
lency the Governor of Maine, with the enclosures, commu-
nicating certain proceedings of the Legislature of that State,
and a copy of the reply of the Secretary of State, made by
my direction, together with a note from H. S. Fox, Esq.,
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Great
Britain, with the answer of the Secretary of State to the
same.

It appears from the documents that a numerous band of
lawless and desperate men, chiefly from the adjoining British
provinces, but without the authority or sanction of the Pro-
vincial Government, had trespassed upon that portion of the
territory in dispute between the United States and Great
Britain which is watered by the river Aroostook, and claimed
to belong to the State of Maine ; and that they had commit-
ted extensive depredations there by cutting and destroying a
large quantity of timber. It will further appear that the
Governor of Maine, having been officially apprised of the
circumstance, had communicated it to the Legislature, with
a recommendation of such provisions, in addition to those
already existing by law, as would enable him to arrest the
trespassers, and secure the timber which they were about
carrying away ; that in compliance with a resolve of the Le-
gislature, passed in pursuance of his recommendation, his
Excellency had despatched the land-agent of the State, with
a force deemed adequate to that purpose, to the scene of the
alleged depredations, who, after accomplishing a part of his
duty, was seized by a band of the trespassers, at a house

By the England, Captain Waite, we have received
New York papers to the Ist instant, inclusive. The
England accomplished the passage in nineteen days,
having arrived here on ThesdAs` last. We learn from
these papers that the Litt-giool was to leave New York
on-the 9th imstaht. Her arrival 'flay, therelbre be
doily evetted.Vtre
extractifrom 'the -New York gapers a variety of
intelligeriCe; 'chiefly 'relatii* to the boundary question,
respecting 'Which the President addressed a special
Message Orr the '6th ultimo :

, From the New York Gazette of Feb. 26.)
FROM MAINE.—The eastern mail of yesterday furnishes
some futher news in relation to the border difficulties.
The resolutions that had previously passed in the !tout for
800,000 dollars, and for the increase of the military force on
the disputed territory, have passed the Senate, and the 'Go=
vernor has ordered the following drafts ofthemilitiathiaiighu
out the State, the ofilters and 'goldiers ‘VeA 'ihtatlied to
severally hold themselves in readhiess for on immediate call
into the istrvice of the 'State; %riticitcliid &juipped as required
by JAW : Cavaltr, 451-Riflemen, 548----Light
infantry, 15'2-Infantry, 7581.—TOtal, 10,343! !.!
The Major Otrierals andnffieers ctorinia,nding division's are
dtrected to cause the draft's to be. made with n l 'l)6iSgible ex-
pedition, and to cdmplete'the rolls of bath Wficers and men.
Col. Rogers, who had been 'ffisWilied by Governor Fair-
field to-New littitivick, had returned to Augusta, in com-
pany.With'Mclntyre-, the land agent, released by the Provin-
cial Government on his parole of honour. Orders have been
sent to nane,eor for the release of Mr. McLaughlin on the
same condition. Colonel Rogers was the bearer of a 'letter
from Sir John Harvey to Governor Fairfield, containing the
following propositions.

Ist. That the Provincial Land Agent, Mr. McLs.lighlin,
be released on the same terms that Mr. Mclntyre was
released.

2d. That the trespassers be giVen tip to be tried by the
British laws.

,
3d. That the form the disputed territei.y inina'cdiately
withdrawn.

At tht latest dates tap.t.itirl Ititkt 'was at No. IC), on the
Aroostook, with 700 'menu all in fine spirits. Gen. Hodsdon
left Bangor 'On 'the 21st with 1000 Kentiebee troopa:to Join
Captain and other's were to follow day or two
Fot companies of riflemen passed, through Augusta on
the 20th, for Bangor, and, a slip from jerome's News-room,
Bangor, states that .a -patty of Gtitoddy Indians would join
the Maine trOdpS.
An express 11'64 e Aroostook on the 20th, stated that
the Solicit4'Gcneral of New Brunswick sent a flag of truce
to €l4iles Jarvis, Esq., the Land Agent ad. interim, order-
ing him to leave with his force, or he should be driven off
immediately, as he had 200 men with him, and 1000 men
ready to march to his support.
1000 men of the Kennebec division were under orders to
march to Bangor on Sunday, in addition to the 1000 now ern
their march for the disputed territory. The mew tit4atk will
be minute men.

We make the following e.xtatets front *ply of 'Governor
OVernor
Fairfield to Sir John liatvey
" In speaking of the disputed territory, your Exqrlleny
says—' The elaiM hith is in diSpute betwixt Great Bri=.
tain and the Unittcl States, and which his been agreed be-
twixt the OeneralVovernments, shall remain in the exclusive
possession andjurisdiction -of nlglancls until that claim shall
be determined.'

" Now, Sir, I canna hesitate to say, that in my opinion
your ExcellelcY is labouring under an entire misapprehen-
sion In regard to the facts. No such agreement, lam per-
suaded, has ever been made between the two governments.
I have, looked in vain for it among the numerous documents
which have grown out of the question—and have never heard
of any recognition of it, verbal or otherwise, on the part a
the General Government. If, however, such an agreement
exists, your Excellency can undoubtedly point it out. At all
events, such an agreement can never be recognized by this
state. A decent self-respect will ever forbid it, if there were
no other considerations in the way,
" Your Excellency entreats me immediately to.recall the
force upon the territory, and then add. It is proper that I
should acquaint your Excellency, that I have directed a
strong force of Her Majesty"s troolis, to be in readiness to
support Her Majesty's authority, and protect Her Majesty's
subjects in the disputed territory, in the event of the request
not being immediately complied with.'
" In reply, I have to say, that the territory bordering on
the Aroostook river has always been, as I regard the facts,
in the possession and under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts
and Maine ; that, more than thirty years ago, Massachusetts
surveyed and granted large tracts of it, which have ever
since, in some way, been possessed by the grantees, and these
claiming under them—that the rest of it was surveyed by,
and some of it divided between Massachusetts and Maine,
soon after the latter became an independent State—that both
States have long been in the habit of granting permits to cut
timber there without being molested from any sipiartei--,that
many persons have purehased these lands of Maine, and en-
tered into their actual occupation—attd that, in various other
ways, Maine has exercised it juritliction, which may fairly be
regarded as exclusive, 'over this territory. * *
" The party of the Land Agent is now on the territory en-
gaged in executing the trust with which it was charged—and
with my consent will never leave it, while the protection of
the property of the State from plunderers renders it neces-
sary for them to remain. If your Excellency chooses to send
an armed force to attempt their expulsion, I can only say
that this State will endeavour to meet such an attempt as it
will deserve. I have no threats to make ; no boastingsto '
indulge. If Maine does her duty, as I trust in God she will,
nothing that I could say in advance would add to the glory of
her career. If she proves recreant to her duty and tamely
submits to be expelled from her territory) by a force that she
could successfully resist, nothing that I can say would tend
to diminish the measure of her ignominy and disgrace.

(Front the New York Gazette of Feb. 27.)
FROM MAINR.—The Boston Daily Advertiser publishes
the following letter from its correspondent at Bangor, dated
" FeBRUARY 23.—Our city has to-day presented the ap-
pearance of a sackled town, so little has been doing. The re-
maining troops left early this morning, and carrying with
them, as they have, a very large number of our citizens, our
streets have presented a less active character than upon ordi-
nary business occasions. The excitement of the last few days
has subsided, and little has been doing. As for news, we have
none of importance. Many rumours have been abroad during
the day, but none of them can be relied upon as true. 1700
flt Edh Olf aft al "ond A7-gsPipar,.v kurt sminv&l
from our encampment. I should be rather disposed to doubt'
the correctness of this rumour, though I have it from good,
authoriry.
"In ray yesterday's letter I remarked that Colonel M`Laugh-
lin had been released on his parole. In this I was mistaken,
—he refuses to accept any terms short of an unconditional re-
lease, and, therefore, refusing to pledge his honour, he is still
in custody.
" The Bangor Whig of Friday says—' The Fire:Department
of this city, embracing about 300 young men, have voted to
organize themselves as a battalion of riflemen and petitioned.
the Legislature for a supply of arms.'
" The breast work thrown up by our forces at the junction
of the St. Croix and the Aroostook, is 12 feet in thickness,
and mounted by a brass field piece. Before this time,' says
the Whig of the 20th, the force has three pieces of artillery.'
" R. H. Vose, Esq., a representative from Augusta, is sent
to Boston, to confer with the governor of Massachusetts.
" The St. John Chronicle of the 15th says We have
been informed that orders were received here last night
from Head Quarters, to send up all the disposable troops,
artillery and 36th regiment from this garrison : the garrison
at Frederickton having marched for the upper country.' "

The following resolutions were presented in the Senate of
Massachusetts on Tuesday, by Mr. Child, from the com-
mittee to whom had been referred the message of Governor
Everett, on the subject of the north eastern boundary.
" Resolved,—That the present state of affairs in relation
to the North-Eastern Boundary, as communicated to the
Executive of this Commonwealth by the Governor of the
State of Maine furnishes a strong reason fbr again asserting
our rights, and for re-affirming the positions heretofore as-
sumed by the Legislature of this State against the unwar
rantable claims of Great Britain, and in favour of strong and
vigorous measures by the government of the United States,
for a speedy adjustment of the existing difficulties in such a
manner as shall protect Massachusetts and Maine in the
possession of the large tract pf territory guaranteed to them
by the treaty of peace of 1783,
" Resolved, That the active measures authorized by a Re-
solve of the Legislature of the State of Maine, passed Janu-
ary 24, 1839, for the prevention of depredations upon the
lands of Massachussetts and Maine, were required by the
exigencies of the case, and a wise regard for the preservation
of their interests in those lands, and were similar in char-
acter to measures adopted by the land 'agents of Massachus-
setts and Maine, in October last, and recognized and ap-
proved, through their agent; by the government of the Pro-
vince of New Brunswick: •
" That the claim by Great Britain to the exclusive juris-
diction of the whole of the disputed territory, as recently
asserted by the Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick,
and his avowal of a determination to sustain that claim
by a military force, and his denial of the right of the State
of Maine to protect from the lawless deyredations of tres-
passers, the lands which have long been in the possession of
Massachussetts and Maine, call loudly for the immediate
interference of the Federal Government ; and that the crisis
has now arrived, when the honour of the nation demands the
adoption of decisive measures for the protection of her citi-
zens, and for the preservation of the rights and interests of
two of the members of our confederacy.
" Resolved, That this Commonwealth will co-operate with
the State of Maine in all constitutional measures for the pre-
servation of the interests of both States in the lands on the
disputed territory, and for the speedy adjustment of the ex-
isting controversy.
" Resolved, That His Excellency the Governor be requested

to transmit a copy of these resolutions to the Executive o
the United States and of the State of Maine, and to each o
our Senators and Representatives in Congress."

CONGRESS.—The Senate on Wednesday, went into the
election of Printer, and on the first ballot Blair and Rives
received 25 out of 43 votes, and were declared elected. The
Harbour bill was ordered to a third reading, and Mr. Crit-
tendon occupied the floor for upwards of two hours in sup-
port of the bill to prevent the interference of Federal officers
in elections.

In the ilotise) the.:(4ener&ApprWi4flOil under the
operation of the jireidMA 'lntstion, was passed;
Mr. Harlan iircsented the report of the majority; and Mr.
Owens the inort Of th.e.thinority of the Investigating Com-
mittee, which, owing.to their. great length, were, without
reading, ordered to lie on the.table,
.._and 20,000 copies to be
printed. The committee.make out ,Mr. Swartout a defaulter
in the sum of 1,225,705,t39 dollars, and Wm. M. Price " a
defaulter to the government in a,large,•suin."
The followlnkmeSsage and mbmokanda in relation to the
diffioulties bacve:eh. Maine and New Brunswick were received
from the President.

" WASHINGTON, Feb. 27, 1839.
" To the House of Representatives of the United States.
" I transmit to Congress copies of various other docu-
ments received from the Governor of Maine, relating to the
dispute between that State and the province of New Bruns-
wick, which formed the subject of my message of the 26th
inst., and also a copyof a memorandum signed by the Secre-
tary of State of the United States, and Her Britannic Ma-
jesty's EnVoy Extraordinary and Minister , Plenipotentiary
near the United States, Of the termstip6n#lii6h it is believed
all collision:Can liay:diadem the frOntiit, Consistently with,
and raßCtiri,;- the, Claims On either side. As the British
Minister acts without specitiC authyrity from his government,
it will be observed that this memorandum .has. but the force
of recommendation on the Provincial authorities and on the
Government of the State. ,•
" . ,
_„ - • M. VAN BUREN."

fcegi"6kAi4i)iim.
" esiy's authorities consider it to have been under-
stood and agreed upon by the two governments that the terri-
tory in dispute between Great Britain and the United States,
on the northeastern frontier, should remain exclusively under
British jurisdiction until the final settlement of the boundary
question,
" The United States Government have not tinjetstddd the
above agreement in the same sense. hilt ikinSitler On the con-
trary, that there ham, toetll il4 gfeenient whatever for the ex-
ercise. Gii.at Britain, of exclutife ;torisdiOidit aver the
disl->niedteii4Ory; or
.any i)ortidri but nitittial un-
derstanding teatsi-,ildhkg the neitoti3tioli., o,i'3,•jt4isdiction
then A theeOiselty eitha etVer s'mall, portions of the
territoly)ta Aispute, should not be enlarged, but be,:continued
merely for the ,preservation of.local,tranquillity and Ole pub-
lic property, ,both, kkrbesOngos,fite as 17actioahle its, exert any
authgtity,,,lende *hen any 63:eileised by either,
placing qvon the oridilit of each other the most favourable
constractain.

" A complete understanding upon the question, thus placed
at issue, of present jurisdiction, can only be arrived at by
friendly discussion between the governments of the United
States and Great Britain ; and as it is confidently hoped that
there will be an early settlement of the question, this subor-
dinate difference can be of little moment.
" In the mean time the Governor of the Province of New
Brunswick and the Government of the State of Maine will
act as follows : Her Majesty!s A. 4 Vet: to, expel
by military foree„ the eryii.a haS been -Sent by
Maine it to thi district *bordering on the
.ArOostOOk river ;
but-the Government of Maine,Vvill ,voluntarily, and without
needleas delaY,lVithdra* beyoinl.the bounds of ,the disputed
territory any.,armed force •now within thorn ; and, if future
necessity should arise for disbersing notorious trespassers, or
protecting public prolaerty,fini,depredation 11.arnied force,
the.operation stall '('). e -condlicicd by concert; jointly or sepa-
rately, according to agreements between the Governments
of Maine and New Brunswick.
" The civil officers in the service, respectively, of New
Brunswick and Maine, who have been taken into custody by
the opposite parties, shall be released.
" Nothing in this memorandum shall be construed to for-
tify or to weaken in any respect whatever the claim of either
party to the ultimate possession of the disputed territory.
" The Minister. Plenipotentiary of her Britannic Majesty
having no specific authority to make any arrangement on the
subject, the undersigned can only recommend, al they row
earnestly do, to the GoVernnienta of New Brunswick. and
Maine; to regulate their futuk proceedings aCeordirrt to the
termhereinbefore:gt fArth; Until the final, Settlement of the
territorial 'dis'pure',. Or nr.til the Governments of the United
Sates afid:Gfeat Britain shall Conic to some definitive con-
clusion on the subordinate point upon which they are now at
issue.

" JOHN FORSYTH, Secretary of State
of the United States of North America,
" H. S. FOX, H. B. M. Envoy Extraor-
dinary and Minister Plenipotentiavy."
" Washington, Feb. 27, 1839.",.
_ _

MONEY MARKET.--4\Th4V YORK, MARCH I.—There has
been quite a 'panic in the stock market to-day, and all ,de-
lcriptions have fallen off. The cause is the message of the
President, and the warlike remarks of members of Congress.
The exchange on England at New York, on Feb. 28, was
4 dollars 82 cents to 4 dollars 84 cents.

At New Orleans on the 19th, there had been no change in
the money market. Money was rather more abundant than
during the two or three preceding weeks. The rates for com-
mercial paper were' 1l to 2 per cent. a month. The amount
invested in cotton on speculation in the city was estimated at
1,000,000 dollars. This sum would otherwise be employed in
active operations, and this has a great effect in producing a
scarcity of money. The largest portion of the cotton crop is
yet to be brought into market, and only a small part of an
unusually larger sugar crop is yet disposed of. This state of
things indicates that the rates of interest will advance rather
than decline. The city trade was said to be unusually brisk.
The cotton market was dull and the stock accumulating fast.
The accounts from Liverpool by the Hibernia had no effect
either on buyers or sellers.