Star.
London, England, 1817-09-16 00:00:00

en be affect by any temptation to sacrifice the
public interests to their own—when Vaughan, of the
Bow-street office, was tried and cast for death, for
the crime above-mentioned. And also . that in the I
last summer, no less than three other persons were
sentenced to a capital punishment for similar offences,
on three dtfferent charges. To what extent the evil
has extended, and how many innocent persons have
suffered, and what crimes have been planned and
perpetrated, or how far the increase of offences may
he caused by those whose duty it is to lessen their
number, by the early apprehension of offenders, your
Committee have no means of ascertaining ; but in
closing this subject they are decidedly of opinion that,
the system, as it is, cannot be too soon abandoned,'
as furnishing allurements to officers to betray their
trust, to witnesses to break their oaths, as bringing
punishment on the innocent, and affording encou-
ragement to a description of persons, of all others ,
the most fatal to the peace and well being of society,
those who go about to ensnare the guiltless and en-
trap the unwary, who, while they s!rut their eyes to
the commission of offences for which no reward can
be obtained, plan the perpetration of crimes, in order
to profit by the conviction of the perpetrator."
The Committee then states, that ilie next point to
which they would direct the attention of the Hinite
is, the establishment of a Penit-ntiar j System for ju-
venile offenders. After (numerating the various
causes which contribute to the increase• of crime
among the youth of the metropolis, they describe the
manner iti which offenders all ages and classes are
huddled together in the gaols, and observe...." That
it is scarcely possible to devise a system better calcu-
lated to vitiate and corrupt than the mode in which
javenile offenders are thus confined—a number of
bogs are mixed indiscriminately together, from 8 to
16 or !V years of age, exhibiting a great variety of
character, and differing in degrees of guilt, the tried
and untried, and the first offender with the hardened
convict."

The Committee then states, that the number of
juvenile offenders committed to Neagate was, in
Ibl3, of those under the age of 16, forty-three boys
and nineteen girls, total sixty two ; of whom one was
of 9, three of 10, and three of II years of age. In
1811., there were eighty-nine boys and nine girls, total
ninety-eight ; of whom four were of 9, eight of 10,
and twelve of 11 years of age. In Ibls, there were
seventy-six boys and 12 gi: is, total sightreight ; of,
whom three were of 10, and eight of 11 years of age.'
In 1816, there were one hundred and thirty-four boys
and twelve girls, total one hundred and forty. six ; of
whom one was of 9, three of 10, and five of eleven
years of age.
In the other prisons of the metropolis, the ages of
the prisoners were not then taken ; but your Com-
mittee are enabled to state, that in the year 1616,
V:wre were confined in the different prisons, 1683
parsons under 20 years of age, Ste. viz. males 1357,
females 326, 1633 total; if 17 years and under,
males 1017, females 261., 1261 total; and, of 17
years and under, for felonies alone, males 788, females
169, 957 total.

Your Committee remaik, that the greater part of
these juvenile offenders, some of theta infants of 9,
10, and 11 years of age, are mixed indiscriminately
with old offenders of all ages, and all of them with
boys of the ages of fifteen or sixteen, many of whom
have been long practised in the commission of va-
rious acts of fraud and crime. No one but those
who have witnessed such painful exhibitions, can be
aware of the pleasure which the older thieves take in,
corrupting those who have just entered into vicious
courses, by the detail of their exploits, the narrative
of hair.breadth escapes, the teaching of technical
phrases; all of which are great allurements to a
youthful mind, being the amusements of the idle,
and the resources of the desperate, and serving to
enliven anti dispel the solitude of prison.
The Committee, after shewing to what an extent
the intermixture of offenders of different ages, sexes,
and degrees of guilt, is carried in the prisons of the
nietropotis, observe, " that it is in evidence that the
most numerous class of delinquents are street-pil-
triers, and for stealing privately trom the person;
malty of those boys may be considered 411 just com-
mencing a course of crime; the mod: then in.which
they are treated on apprehension has a natural ten-
dency to encourage them in 'Woos practices, for the
greater number found guilty of the former offence
are ususlly committed for a short time to prison,
sometimes severely flogged, and then, without a shil-
ling in their pockets, turned loose upon the world,,
more hardened in character than ever. The Bondi
lion at these poor children is of all others the most
deplorable; numbers Are brought up to thieve as a'
tradk are driven into the streets every morniug, and
dare not return home without plunder; others are
orphans, or completely abandoned by their parents,
who subsist by begging or pilfering, and at night,
steep under the sheds, in the streets, and in the ran-
ket places; when in prison ro one visits them, nor I
do they seem to possess one friend in the world; they
are occasionally treated with severity, sometimes set:-
tenced to be flogged—a practice than which nothing
tends more to harden and degrade. Mr. Cranford,
who gives this affecting pieorre of the sufferings of
these children, addr, that many of them occasionally
apply to the Members of their Committee, solititing
their advice and rel et,- and declaring their readiness
to shun their former connectitns, Auld to, abandon
their vicious pursuits ; but how are they sfassist ?
Without friends or character, whe witl give them'
employment ? Without temporary aid, where can
they procure food ? lie is convinced that many are
driven to renew their depredations by their nccessi-
ties. He knows of several instances in which this
has been the ease ; and thus some boys are no sooner I
discharged from prison than they are again brought
in, for in reality a prison is their only home."
The Committee then give it as their opinion, that
• separate prison should be built for juvenile delin-
quents, and have given two plaits in their Appendix
of buildings for that purpose, stating their 'preference
of on delivered in by bkr. Bevans. The cost of a
building to contain 400 boys would be still4eooo,
which sum use Committee ie cannot help contrastiog
with the expense of erecting a Penitentiary at Mil-
,
' bank," estimated at re 350,000, and to contain oily
800 persons.
The Committee gives some interesting details of
the various private and public Penitentiary Establish-
ments in the Metropolis ; and, after stating that
they do not wish, Upon the important question of
alloying convicts in the different prisons, as well

LONDON.

TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, !SI?.
PRICE OF S'IOCKS THIS DAY AT TwELVIt O'CLOCK
Reduted shut—Cousols, 7914—D0. for Oct 79i 80
4 per Cent. shut—Navy, 106—India Om& 90 95 pre.
Bank Lail Alum shut—Exchequer Rills, 20s. to 255. pr.

1 India Bonds, it will be observed, continne to rise, the premium
being miw more than double vihat it was some few days atn,
when a snort (as bleb now appears to have been timorous)
pievailril, of the interest on theua being about to be reduced from
5 to 1 phvilf.—From the last New York advices, we observe
that the American 6 per tents, had risen to 10g.—The British 5
Per cents. would, to preserve a just proportion with thz other
fonds, be at about 132, were it not fur the prevalent idea that
they are to be paid off; and 6 percents. If we bad such, would
be near 160.

The American Exchange on London is at a premium of ii per
cent. and almost every Where, 4 late, the exchanges on this
country have fallen. The extremely favourable exchanges, 'as
they are called, operate So far unfavourably to us as to check the
demand for our Manufactures. Now that the foreign purchaser
does not pay so dearly for his bills, he ega afford to purchase
commodities more freely;

The Paris Papers of Saturday arrived this morn-
ing, and bring intelligence of an event which has
been for some time past very confidently anticipated
--ra dump in the French
.The Duke of FuTac has resigned the Mitirary
°fear, which has been conferred- on Marshal Gou•
VIER SAINT CYR, IO WhOSE situation, as Minister of
Maine, Count Mots has succeeded. The Ordon-
nances containing these new appointments, appear in
the Moniteur of SAturilay.
It is, perhaps, not unworthy of remark, that the
retirement of the Duke of FELTRE is not as that of
preceding Ministers has been, accompanied with any
sort of parting favour to soothe the wounded pride
of the individual, or to protect his fall from.the impu-
tations of the malevolent or the persecutions of the
vindictive. His resignation is simply said to be ac-
cepted of—he retires without any new mark of
distinction—and does not e►en appear to have been
Honoured with an audience of leave.

The Duke of RICIIIILIZU and M. de LAME had,
aftel the announcement of these changes, long au-
diences of his MAJESTY.

The new War Minister has commenced his admi-
nistiation by a requisition to the Minister of Finances
to allow the free exportation of arms by the frontier
cities of Bayonne, Bourdeaux, Rochelle, Nantes,
Havre, Dreg, Toulon, Marseilles, Lille, Metz, Stras-
burgh, Besancon. and Perpignan.
French 5 per Cents. with div. from Sept. 22, 1817,
661 r. 95c.

The brig le Serititeur, in GS days from Buenos
Ayres to Havre; the Ann, at Liverpool; and the
William, at Portmouth, have arrived farm the Rim
Plate, with accounts to the middle of June. Those'
we have received are dated the IGth, one day later',
than our previous advice:. The post had just ar-
rived at Cnili, and brought accounts that General SAN
MARTIN had joined his army there, and marched
against the town of Conception and the fortress of
Talcaguano, ♦There the Spaniards were posted. It
now appears, that the latter are chiefly troops and
people who evacuated Chili when the country was
taken, having first sought shelter and assembled in
the Ciiiloe Islands. They afterwards landed at Con-
ception, and since have received a reinforcement from
Linaa of 400 men. They amount to about 1500, a
force mach too inconsiderable to give the Indepen-
dents any inquietude. The preparations and orga-
nization of the tinny intended to liberate*Peru, were
going on with great rapidity ; and it was expected
this projected expedition would meet with the most
complete success. The fact is, the Spaniard?, with
their property, are leaving Lima as fast as they can
(indeed, several have already arrived in Jamaica, and
some in Londoo) ; for, besides the dread of the fu-
ture, they cacnowatand the heavy contributions levied
upon them by King FERBINAND'S representatives. I:
they are good Royalists, they are assessed heavily,
because they are supposed willing to make great sa-
crifices; and if they are Americans, the demands are
great, in order to prove they are not losargents.
The troops which had arrived from Spain, it was ac-
knowledged by the thinking part of the conunanity,
had done infinitely more harm than good—for being
chiefly Guerilla mea, they were cornpktely Lim up

to plunder an 3 martpXtig, ithich,
tooting the pacification of the coun;ry,
fresh end:ties to the Royal cause.
At Buenos Ayres nothing was said
of a new Supreme Director, though the
present one had expired, rilvi the Congress
its Sessions in the Capital. There evr
tranquil, and conElence daily re-estahl
intetior. The advices received irom
Artily acting Upper. Perti, under
GRANO, were of A Mont promibing n4tl
important advantages had been fair
Royalists, w.ho wale retreating as fast
through districts entjrcly hnst•le to tt!,..rm
expected that Potosi would soon fall or
hands of the Petric•.s.

The Buenos Ayteans and rortopese
rably go-d terrns. Ites!lec;n,T, the '
strange %ports were on %at. One ,va,
offered to acknowlet',,2-e tndepertden:
vince;-.nt 13.1enns Ayre.., it they agreett
tere wiei the viee.s of .he Hourm cl Bi
Benda °junto].

The tclowing is ai -zitract of one
respecti:,g the Portogutbe :It Monte. Vi,

" Et 'S ArP.E

" It 13 more than twelve m•iiitts Miler the
mcnctd their catup.ogn,and ailer having spent .1
they took the fortress of Video, they
shut up by he trisiTs of Artip,as, w :u have ihei
.at Sai.tc The l'ortestEite trou,is are et
Mipstete and Piedoas ; and Artivt's irregular
harat4 them r.sarty every ur t, and haveireduct
orate of infamy, Laving thdr tort
guese now re.t ail their Wipes on 30.10 cavery, srio
Intr.l Rio Grande, to co-orcrate with iIIC infant
time, the viol! reputati in which they -.squired t
the fortress, by their it,ond p o:icy znd Brand porn;
parade, is disor,tazi.ig, at Mcnte Video lit new
distress than in the tune of the siege by the
treors. TErtv is nu bret 1 to be had; a tette
there 'rent hence, has been voi'd at _2 dollen pt
is dear and scarce, and it so!d by the pound,and .
Ina.fortnight without having any ; even for coal
they are dependent on Buenos A ries."

Intelligence is stated by the last New
to have been received there fines St. Dr
rival Chiefs Clint;roPirr and Pertox
taken the field. The former, with 16,t
on his march for the lines near Port
the purpose of drawing PETION'i ton
coffee plzntations, as they were engage(
and Parton had ammbled a force
check any inroads which might be atte:
opponent. CHRISTOPIIR had suffered
the death of Piince JOH!: of Harr', GI
of the Kingdom, who died some time
at the age of $l. His remains were ern
sent to St. Lucie, the place of this birth, f
with military honours. He is said to
man of talents and probity, and a di
of CURISTOPIIII.

In another part of our Paper we this
our Readers with the substance of a &con.
'important Report made by a Committee ,
of Commons, on the State of the Police

polls. It recommends two great measures
to the consider,tion of the LegisWore.
the abandonment of the present pernici

rewarding these who are instrumental
the conviction of offenders. The second
blishmeat of a Penitentiary for the recepti
nile depredators, with a view to separar

the contamination of older offenders, who
frequently, Sy their evil instruction,

moral ruin of such misguided youths as

come Associated With them in prison, an.
of their returning to society more hard(
prayed than when they were isolated from
tentiary capable of receiving 400 boys
appears, cost the country more than lig2

It may be recollected, that at the time
cure of Eastport (Moose Island), durini
certain bonds for duties due to the Uiii
into the hands of the British : payment 4
was attempted to be enforced by the ca
the Court of Vice-Admiralty at Halif.l7
as three months ago a cotrespondence
tween Lord CASTLEREAGH and Mr. A
subject and we sow present a copy
ship's letter to Mr. AnAlf:, which closed
spondence, as a proof of the amicable
which the discussions terminated, thou!
of the arrangement do not appear:
(COPY.)
The undersigned, his Majesty's Principal Secretary
for Foreign Affairs, has the honour to acquaint "
reference to the Note which the undersigned II:
receive from him on the 17th January L,t,
Bonds sfized during the late war a Moon_ Ist:
have been given for the immediate susrentien of
ceedings agalint Mr. BARTER, Z$ well as for
Bested by Mr. ADAMS in his Note, the other obi
possible operation against them of the Decree I
passed by the Vice-Admiralty Court of Halifax,
The undtrsigued regrets that such a delay ha,
tween the receipt of Mr. ADAM s's Note and ti
but Las the honour to acquaint him, that his Map
GenerA was anzlousio obtain all the inforcnati
respecting the transaction, and likewise to ' 7.;,
ference with the captors, or the it Agent, be:ore
Report of the meths of the case.

The undersigned avails Wan Felt of this orporti
to Mr. ADAM", the assurance of 1P 11j4b
(S:g1104i)
Torkist: 014 c, May t!!) 1017.

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