Star.
London, England, 1829-01-21 00:00:00

FRENCH PAPERS.

71110111 THS MESSAGED DES CHASIDIM, JAN. 18.
PARIS, JAN. 17.
There is no important news from the theatre of war.
It seems certain tint all that has been said of a great
battle in the neighbourhood of Varna is destitute of
foundation; the position of the contending armies is
still the same.

Letters limn Bucharest, of the 29th December, an-
nounce that a thaw had set in three days before, and
that the roads continued to grow more and more im-
passable.
'The last letters from Li .bon are of the 6th of January.
They confirm what was announced by the telegraphic
dispatch respecting the improvement of Don Align
heal h.

The Courrierde Slityrxe, according to custom, en-
deavours to place the Greek Government in the worst
fight. That Journal, in its last Number, siyi" The
Government cOtild find no means of putting a sto,s to
the alarming desertion among the troops of Ypsilanti,
which threateued a total dissolatinn of his corps, but to
spread a report that a To kish army had orders to in.
wade the Peloponessus. This news has produced a bad
effect among the inhabitants, severil of whom have sus•
pen Jed the rebuilding of the r houses, and hrming plan-
tations. Captain Criezi has succeeded Basssoo in the
command of the Greek flotilla, which has done nothing
but capture a Tut ka.h brig and a gun boat in the gulf
of Prevent. Tie corps of General Church not being
able to undertake any offensive operations, confines
itself to useless oettionstrations, which cannot awe the
Turks, and are very burdensome to Greece."

ODESSA, Du 117.
General Di-b the Chief of the Staff, left Jassy
on the 25t of December for St. P,tersburgh. General
S!rekaloff, who's appointed Governor of Tea:, arrived
at Odessa on the 2.5 t on his way to his post.
1110111 THE GAZETTE DE FRANCE. JAN. 19.
PARIS, Its. 18.
The Dianio di ;lonia announces, under the head of
Corfu, that the Ottoman Primates of Epirus and Al_
bania having been convoked at Berat and Janina, to
receive a communicAtion front the Porte, invit.ng them
to continue the war at their own expense, as the Go-
vernment was unable to :lift): d them any assistance, re-
; solved not to continue so ruinous a war, but to nevi-
ciate with the Greek Government. Accounts had been
received from Mal a, that these were in th,t part five
E ships ol tr.e line, and seven English frigates
and brigs. Great ex:•rtions were making there to repair
tne f alifications. The French are also WI in fortify-
ing Patras.

FROM THE JOURNAL DES DEBAT&
LISBON, JAR. 3.
PRIME LETTER.
The greatest activity reigns in the War Department.
Orders have been issued to put in nraion four thousand
men of the division of Chaves, who are divided among
the pros inces of Alentejo, Beira, and Tras-o-Montes ;
eight Mildred men were to repair to Lisbon, about an
equal number to Oporto, and the rest were to proceed
to those points of the coast which are most easy of
access. This measure proves that the Government has
more confidence in the troops of the Chaves division
than in those of any other divi,ion of the army ; it has,
therefore, produced a bad effect on the regiments in
garrison at Lisbon.
ErritiCy OP ANOTHER LETTER.
Consternation reigns in the palace at Quelux, since
the great Council held there on the 90th of December.
The Ministers of War and Foreign Affairs have had
conferences with the usurper of several hours duration.
The object of these conferences is to find means of
maintaining for Miguel an army strorg enough to keep
t!:e inhAbit.inti of Portugal in acre, without taxing them
for the paythent of it. The result is said to be a deci-
sion
t.) diminish the number of troops of the line, and
substitute for them new royalist, volunteers, under the
pretext Olt the existing army ii that which, in 1820,
committed so many disorders, and which has figured
in so many revolutions. Serious misunderstandings
exist between the volunteers and regulars.
The councils of the Minister are frequent, and it is
generally believed that they are occasioned by the last
dispatches received from London and the Isle Saint
Michael.

The pt isomers of state from Madeira are still on board
the transports. They thus, at least, escape the cruelty
(it our prison polers, and the numerous maladies ink-
ing from the Mfetted atmosphere of the prisons.

The negotiations respecting Greece ate still tire ob-
ject of diplomacy in this city, and almost all the com-
munications to the Pone refer to them. Little as the
latter is disposed to assent to the views of the Powers,
it his adopted a system which, without making concis•
sions, promise, to maintain amicable relations with all,
so I.,ng as t, ey do not of themtelves break with et, and
I)te Russia declare war. Europe has had oppottunities
to be convinced of this. The French expedition to the
Morea has produced no more change in the won't) nts
of the Porte than the battle rf Naval in and the depar•
tore of the Ambassadors did before, and notwithstansi-
log these events, it considers Count Guilleminot and
Mr. Stratford Canning as Ambassadors accredited to
it. The prudent conduct of the latter, and the conti-
nued endeavours of the English and French Admirals
in the Archipelago, to convince the Pine kow much
their Governme4s desire to avoid a formal breach with
it, have cont,ibtred to confirm this system, and may
perhaps in the end overcome all d thculties, and lead to
an arrangement of the affairs. The arrival of Admiral
de Rigny at Smyrna, who is said to have grme thither
at ere request of Baron Von Z .la Z iylen, is at this mo-
ment important; and the einfideirce with which he is
honoured by his Government, and which he has justi.
fied by his prudent conduct in the most trying ciscum.
sta.,ces, as well as the esteem he has acquired in the
estimation of the Porte, make him peculiarly qualified
tri act with effect on this occasi an. It is probable too,
chat the Russian blockade of the Dardanelles may have
induced the French Admiral to apptar in those parts
to protect the interests of his nation. The negotiations
with Mr. Gilley, the Americ ,n Consul, proc eJ f avow-
ahly, and a Commercial Treaty, advantage its t • both
parties, will soon be conclude t. The Paella of Egypt,
of whose judgment a high opinion is entertained bete,
is said to have a !wised the Rote to grant all possible
facilities to the American commerce.
We have no recent news fruit the army. Some Rim•
sian officers and several trundled privates taken prison.
ers, almost all wounled, have been brought hither in
very deplorable condition, it is said from Silisttia They
are di.tributed in some islands near the capital, where,
they ate aoenJed by the physician of the Etoropea-.
Legation. Tne Sultan is said not to have shoWn him-
s-lf disposed utwaids them tit was whit great
difficulty that the Austtian, Dutch, aid Danish Atubas
sadois obtained from the Iteis Effendi permission to
lend their m. d cal assistance, and to provide for their
most urgent wants.
The waist of ready money is sensibly felt, and the
Turkish Nlinis.ry is assidu Insly engaged in devising
means tit put a stop to the increasing embarrassment.
Wnat it means to adopt is not known: ordinary me.
Clods are not applicable in a csointry which has no re-
gular tinanci .1 system, and exttaordinary ones are dan-
gerous, as the ground of discontent exists, :and the old
Esprit du Corps of the Janissaries does not cease to m .-
nilest itself under its most dismal t rms.
JAL a.---afetalliques„ 961 ; Bank Shares, 1,109.
Ag. Zeiler's& Jax. 13.

" DECLARATION CARRIED TO CONSTANTIN-PLR IT /11

JAUBERT•

• " The declaration of the 11 of August last, which
was delivered to the Reis Effendi by his Excellency the
Ambassador of the Netherlands, in the name of France,
Great Britain, and Russia, has made known to the
Porte the motives and the abject of the expe.fition to
the Morea. The immediate result which the three
Powers proposed to effect by that expedition have for-
tunately been Attained. The departure of Ibrahim, and
tle evacuation of the fortresses by the Turkish and
Egyptian troops, have put an end to the effusion of
human blood in the MOM, and extended tranquillity
to that country ; but the work of the Powers would be
incomplete, if, by the departure of their troops, the in•
habitants of the Mores were exposed to new invasions.
The Powers, therefore, owe it to their own dignity to
prevent it. It is with this view that, at the moment
when the Allied forces are disposed to retire from the
Morea, after having accomplished their pacific mission,
the three Courts declare to the Sublime Porte, that, till
a definitive arrangement, made in common with them,
has regulated the lot of the provinces which the alliance
has caused to be occupied by their troops, they place
the Mores and, the isles of the Cyclades under their
provisional guarantee, and that in virtue of this decla-
ration they will view, as an aggression against them-
selves, the entrance of any Military force into that
country.
" In bringing to the knowledge of the Sublime Porte
this resolution, the Courts of Great Britain, France, and
Russia are pleased in acknowledging the wisdom with
which the Porte has avoided a prolongation of the ca-
lamities of war in the Morea. They hope that, guided
by the same spirit, it will be animated with a desire to
terminate those questions which for eight years have
held Europe in a state of anxiety and agitation ; and ,
I that it will eater with the three Courts on an amicable

Downing-street, Sept.; IS2B.
SlR—Among 11,e subjects to which my no ice has
been called since I received the seals of 0 e Colonial
Department. there is none which appeared :o me more
sles•ei ving of attention than that r.f the mea•usts in pro-
gress fen improving, the condition of the slaves in, the
West ludic Colonies.
Dining the late Ses-ion of Parliament, the Ministers
of the Crown took occasion to express, in their places,
the ;settled purpose of his Majesty's Gnvernment to
adhere strictly to the reo.lutions which were passed
in the H ruse of Commons on the 15th of 'slay, 1823,
and unanimously adopted in the House of Peers on the
7th of March, 1826.
It is the • bject of this eispatch to convey to your
Excellency the strong sense which, in common with all
lily colleagues in office. I entertain of the obligations
imposed upon his Majesty's Government, by thi. laden n
And reiterated engagement.; and l call upon year Es.
tellency assiduously to employ your endeavours to
'convey the like impression to the Legislative Council
and House of Assembly of D noinica.
The specific measure. of iniplovement which ap-
peared most urgent should be adopted, for 4ineli, r
the condition of the slave population, have been al.eitly
brought under the notice of the several colonial legislas
tures in so pointed a manner, by the dila c;:es lit my
predecessors in this t ffi:e, that it might appear a need-
less work if I again recoion ended each of tl em sepws
rattly to your particular attention; and it might teem
even to imply my entertaining an opinion, tit-er that
the colonial legisla•ures had at no time been suffic ently
alive to the importance of these specific measure-, or
'hat there existed in 0:e colonies so rooted an indisposi•
Lion to the inttoductioti of some of them, that no pro-
wess had been made towards their adoption.
It is my anxious desire, however, to admit no tuch
unfavourable opinion of the disposition existing in the
C ponies, and I shall there:ore confine myself in a great
measure at present, to coiling back your attention to
the Resolutions of Parliament, ad.e.t ng incidentally
only to their specific application by particular enacts
menus. And I adopt this clone the more willingly,
Isecaose I think it visible that the protracted discus.
sions which have occurred upon this imporai.t qu-stioe
may have generated an opposition, the :cork rather of
diversity of opinion upon particular points than wising
irons any want of common assent to the prineipies laid
down in the It :Amities of the two Houses of Pattie.
menu, which must form the basis of all wise leoisl
on the subject, and which reavn and humanity equally
recommend.
Them are two objects f r the attainment of which it
is necessary that effectual provision shauhi he made.
The first of them is the eradual elevation • f the moral
character of the slave population; and o.e second is,
the due protect on of all the just rig, is of pr. petty, which
existing laws have vested in to e owners f slaves.
1 4M perfectly awe e that them may be found many
very iespectable persons in white n.inds the lure e f
polio •ice or the iiifluence of habit, or p. 'haps also a.
too restrictive view of their own individual ottertsts,
may have established a COligictiou that the objects above
oar. boned are wholly incompatible; and that a choice
mu,t at once be made between the positive sac. i6ce and
the right of property on the one hand, Cr a positive
deitial on the other, of the advantages which humanity
has sought to obtain for the slaves.
The steps, however, which base been already taken
in several of the Colonies, and the progress which has
been s.) happity made in some of Vern. towa cls the
amelioration if the condition of the slaves, induce me
14 conclude that the extreme opinions which I have
above adverted to are n.,t very generally en:et tained,
and lead me at the same to f arm the espcattion.l
trust not too sanguine a one—that the example of those
Colonies which have advanced the farthest,without any
detriment having resul:ed from their liberal lines of
policy. will persuade others that it is possible to imitate
without risk their laudable pinceedings.
But although I am disposed to believe, that motives
of sound and enlightened policy, as well as those of a
more sacred and elevated character, will in.biee Gen.
tlemeti holding the station of members of the local le.
eislatiov, as well as other individuals possessed of
influence in the Colonies, to lend a favourable ear to
the repeated appeals. which have been made to their
judgment and to their feelings upon this most impor.
taut and interesting subject, it would be improper, how-
ever, to omit stating, that there are also other calls
upon them, which ten ler every day more and mote
urgent, as a matter of necessary policy, the ameliorat-
ing the condition of the slave population. For it can
sc ircely be doubted, that of the two alternatives, that
of withholding amelioration, and that of effectually
improving the condition and character of slaves, the
latter is one which holds out by far the best prospect,
under the existing circumstances of the world, for
general tranquillity, and for the security of property ib
the Colonies.
Although it be my intention, as I have already stated
to your Excellency, not to enter into a detailed view of
each of the individual measures which have been already
so often and so urgently pressed upon the attention Of
the Colonial Legislatures by my predecessors, I most
advert pointedly however to a few, which I deem to be
of peculiar importance. The first of these is the reli-
gious instruction of the slaves.
It must be obvious to every man capable of reflec-
tion, that independently of the sacredness of the oblige.
Lion which requires that no imp-diments should be
placed in the way of their acquiring a knowledge of the
great truths r f religion, there is no more certain mode
of advancing their civilization without c'etsiment or.
danger to society at large, than by religious instruc•
tion. It is necessary, however, that this important ob-
!jeer should not be intrusted solely to individuals, but
that provisioa shoulA likewise be made for it by law,
in, order to guard againit the injury which society would
sustain, by the want in any one of a just seine of its
importance. Amodgst the enactments which will sug-
gest themselves upon this subject, there is none which
appears more proper, more becoming in itself, or which

it is more incumbent upon the legislature of every Chri-
stian country to enforce, than the due observanc.col.
Sunday. It iskmost desirable, therefore, that Sunday
should be, to the slave population in all the colonies, a
day oi ent;re relaxation from compulsory laboui, and
. P.Pen to be devoted to religious duties and to moral in-
.' stroction.
I am aware, however, that whilst provision is made
,- for securing to the slave sufficient time and opportunity
-for religious instruction, and every latitude is allowed
with respect to the mode of his instruction which the
spirit of toleration demands, it is very fit, notwithstand-
stanJing, that certain local regulations should be esta•
blished, to guard against those abuses and that misap.
plication, to which the best institutions are liable; and
to obviate those disorders which might be. occasioned,
OT the apprehension of which might at least be °tea.
sionally entertained, if an unrestricted liberty were per-
• mined, to assemble considerable bodies of the slave
population, at unseasonable hours, or without the pre.
vions consent of their owners.
The next object which I am desirous strongly to re-
commend to the favourable consideration of the Colo.
nial Legislatures, is the admission of the evidence of.
slaves.

This may appear to some of the Colonies to be still
too great a step to be at once taken, but the concession
already made upon this point by others ot the Colonial
Legislatures, induces me to hope that the principle is
gradually gaining ground in the West Indies, and that
• it will ere long be generally felt that the elevating a
slave to the rank of a person who.e evidence is ad•
alined, under the same restrictions only under which
that of free men is received, and by teaching him and
his fellow subjects that the avenues ot justice are not
closed against his testimony in any case whatsoever, an
important improvement will be effected, as well in the
character of the slaves themselves, as in the general
' feeling and conduct of the population at large.
The only other point which I shall advert to is the
situation of that portion of society in the colonies which
comes under the general denomination of people of
colour.
' It ;wears to me that it would be wise to act with
much liberality towards this class of individuals; and

I am to direct, therefore, that your Excellency will
strongly secommend their interests to the favourable
clissideration of the local Legislatures.
I have the honour to be, Dm
• (Signed) G. Id URRA Y.

'THE EVI4INING !STAR.

LON DON.

WEDNESDAY. JANUARY 21. 1rv..9

PRICE OF STOCKS Al TWO O'CLOCK.
Pant Stock 2111 124 :India Bind% 67
3-per Cent lied. 87 61 7 iSuuth Sea Stock
5 per Ct Cwt. 864 1 k Oki Annuities
, z. per Cent. 18,8. 06 . New Ditto
51 per Cent. Ite.: 96 5j 21000 gulag. Uilla 67 8
4 per Ct. New, 101., 1 2500 Ditto •
. '4 per Coot I s!‘:, 1055 a j XlOO and 2200 Ditto*
Lung Alin 19 15-16 20 191 India fur Aect.
Iti3is Stock 2:.9 Cun.ula tur Acct. July 861 I
FOItItION FUNDS, TWO Irt7l.ot K
D nlmti HA, 3 err 651 Spaingh llas 5 p Ct. 10
ltuss.lkls.lB22,sp Ct. 06 I Do Acct
BRITISH AND FOKKIGN SIIARKS, TWO O'CLOCK.

Ditto National
Hibernian
Vrigretur Fire

StIARII. fAllt.
3S 20 62
2$ 6 Of 9
50 9 11 2
20 2 £1 3$

It is a circum'tancr• that never ought to be forAot-
ten, that the Rom to Empire never ti wished wi,h half
the splendour which aiorried her during the era of the
P.irtian law. By tiat law nu Roman citizen could
suffer death. But when rigorous punishments and an
ineffect;ve police succeeded the admini,tration of this
mricilul t',e glor y of the empire was cluuded, and
fina;ly .itiscuted. Now, when we reflect that till lately
there were above one hundred and sixty different
off•nces (and indeed their number is not yet much di-
mini.hed), which suhject•d the parties who were found
guilty so death without bei.efit of clergy, we cannot
wonder that clime was so prevalent. For it is a maxim
which experience has taught every Englishman, th it
crime increases in the ratio of the severity of the pu-
ni hmenj *hi& the law affixes to it, but which is not',
applied to the guilty. The compassioo of mankind in
every rank of society operates towards a melioration of
the rigour of too oppressive laws. Judge BLacasTotaz

says, is The injored, through compassion, will rfren
forbear to prosecute—Juries, throu.th compassi-n,
sometime, forget their oaths, and either acquit the
guiity .or mi.igate the nature of the offence—and
Judges, through compassion, will respite one half the
'convicts. and recommend them to Royal me cy."
But sere the laws so distributive of a nieet punish-
ment f r each classification of crime or offence, the
compassion of the injured, of the Jury or the Judge,
would not he called into play. For Vice is no desire
in any that critninals should escape, but only that they
should not be punish-4 beyond then guilt. Thetefote,
it an equ ,I.xcion of punishment be approptiateJ to
transgression, the law will be administered according
to its intention. Individuals will not exercise, as they
have done, the office of the legislators of an hout, -
vetoed by caprice, or swayed by compassio .
Mi. Net, with laudable exertion, has laboured to
remove this great stigma from our laws ; but he has
yet much to perform. But even the little—the golden
tittle he has performed, will be unavailable of direct
benefit to'the public, unless a corresponding improve-
ment take place in the Police of the melt opolis. It is
a mistake to suppose that all the Criminal Code must,
or ought to be amended, before an improvement in the
Police is attempted. To circulate the advantages of the
law, as now amended—to preserve the intention of its
improvement—and to Make what has been done a ful-
crum, to support the operation of future amendments,
the P. lice .mast keep pace with the alteration ib it.
But these improvements are conteinplated, we un-
derstand, by Mi. Pam.. Indeed, we know from she
highest authority that they ate on their way to a speedy
debut before the public. That they will secure to Ibis
Right Honourable Gentleman thativraise which he has
stated is the honoured metsztilll4 he desires to Teem
behind him; there is little doubt. He +if, colder an
advai.tage unspri.bable on Abe- •Englii-tt nadirs, and•
hew ill enjoy the aserhisting 1111011t1U1C131 that he could

wish. His nape will go shown to posterity hallowed
in theaecollection of those who love •irtue. By his
refoTmation ofihe lat Ors of his coun►ry, and by a system
that will f.il not to have them executed, he will pro
mote the morality ana diminish the guilt of his fellow
man. What nobler field of glory can be contemplated
fora philanthropist or a steesman ?
We received Paris Papers last night to the 20th inst.
also German Papers to a late date, extracts from which
will be found in our front page. The former contain
no intelligence from the theatre of war; it is merely
stated that the positions of the hostile armies remained
the same as at the date of the former ad vices. By the
latter we have intelligence from Constantinople to the
lfith ult. It adds but little to the facts which we have
already communicated from that city of the same date,
and the speculations in which the writers indulge are
of so uncertain a character, as on the wl•ole to call for
no particular remark. The Augsburg Ciozeite contains
a document, said to be signed by the three Allied
Powers, guaranteeing the Morn and the Cs clades as
constituting the future Stet: of Greece. Tnis paper,
which appears to be clothed with all that is necessary
to makeit official, has been transcribed into most of the
Paris Journals of Sunday, but the Alessoger des Chant-
Gres considers it as of uncertain authority.

We received this morning Hamburgh Pipers to the
14th, anJ the.Algenteine Zcitung to the 15th instant
These Pipers, like their pre. ecessors ot late, abound in
romours and speculations on the negociations carrying
on for tl.e pacification if Gie,ce, and of the immense
preparations of Russia fir opening the ensuing campaign
with eclat, but contain nothing in an offici:l shape to
warrant any comment.—The following are extracts: