Star.
London, England, 1818-10-13 00:00:00

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1818.

Jai published, in One Vol. 4to. embellished with a Pletuaesque
View of Algiers, a Plxn of Lord Exmouth's Attack. and a
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XTARRATIVE of a RESIDENCE in ALGIERS,
by Signor PANAMTI; with Notes and Illustrations by
EDWARD BLAQUIEBZI .Esq. R.N. Author of Lettere
from the Mediterranean. •

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PRESENT STATE OF AMERICA.

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MERICA and her RESOURCES; or, A ViewA of the Agricultural, Commercial, Manufacturing, Finan-
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racier of the American People.
By JOHN MINTED, Counsellor, New York.
. _ . .

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This day was published,

In S large Volume, Svo..(revised and altered seeordlog to the
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By ANTHONY Tom) THOMSON, F.L.S.
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, and of the l'‘ledieo-
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SERMONS, preached in the Parish Church of
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SPAIN AND THE UNITED STATES►.

7110,4 TUZ PHILADELPHIA AURORA.
(Continued from oar last.)
Upon the departure of the Secretary of the Le-
gation, early in April, 1817, with the law of the 3d
if March, 1817; and a duplicate of Toledo's
patches in his Port folio; .a naval flotilla, and a cle-
tetlantent of United limes aroops,--were ordered to
tberiiiii St. Mary's, the line which separates Georgie
from Florida, and in front of which is the Island of,
Amelia. The ostensible design of thew., armaments
was to check the Slave Trade which had been car-
tied on for years, and continues to be carried on at
this moment in that quarter. This force, which wan
sent for the real purpose of making war -upon the
South Americans in Amelia bland, was in sight, and
saw M'6regor take possession of Amelia its July ;
and never once interfered.
Don Onis, however, kept the executive in retnem.
brance of their engagement: The reply was, that it
would be fulfilled as soon 'as the part depending on
the Court of Madrid was completed. There is, how-
ever, a chasm in the diplomatic correspondence frOm
the 9th of July, 1817, at which time the Spanish Se.
cretary was at Madrid, to the 6th of December of
the same year.
The transactions of this period are truly mystical.
The alternation of tricks and deceit, between our de-
partment of state and Don Onis, was disgusting ;
Italian duplicity and insincerity never exceeded what
was exhibited on this occasion. Don Onis had the as-
cendancy through every stage. In tact he held the
stakes, and was playing at the same time another
game, in which he was to dupe our Statesmen more
egregiously than before, and he completely sue-'
ceeded ; his play was procrastination, he could not
lose more than Florida in the end, and by holding
out he might enrich' himself and friends, and saddle
the United States with the payment of its own citi.
tea, for which the United States would receive the
sovereignty of Florida without an acre of land to de:
fray the obligation.
The Secretary to Don Onis-retanwd from Madrid,
to the United States;-eia October. He-bad 'scarcely
arrived,-when one of the- agents of that Minister
caused it to be _ publithergWatatte.had received dis-
patches from Madrid, Ira. that We' Was prohibited
from opening them till he got into the la:ilkdr: of
ington city. But he caused it to be insinuated by the
Abbe Correa to our Administration, that he had the
'Ratification, but would not go to Washington until
' the United States had fulfilled. their engagement.
Be it remembered this was in October, and on the
10th of November, the orders were issued at Wash-
.ington for the invasion of Florida, by the United
States troops and flotilla, the capture of Amelia
Island, and for proceeding to blood-shed in the last
extremity. Republican faith received here the inde-
lible stigma of eternal shame and dishonour—the re--
volationists of forty years before, became the tyrants
and oppressors of the revolutionists of this day, The
counsels of a republic were seen acting in subser-
viency to the policy of its enemies, making war
against the asserters of liberty and the rights or man-
kind, and playing the bravo for the most contempti-
ble of despots, and in hostility to the liberties of
mankind.
He that is robbed not wanting what is stolen,
not robbed at all—But he that wants,
And is robbed too—is doubly robbed !
But we shall see how the biter now was bitten.'
Amelia was taken and occupied by AmeriCan troops;
Don Onis had by his Seyrerary taken care that all
the lands in Florida, not previously granted, should
be disposed of, and the grants were made covering
every tillable acre in Florida. Don Onis had now no
motive, no desire for haste. By seducing the Ame-
rican Government into hostility, the most terrible
blow was given to South American independence that
it had yet received. The whole power of Spain, or
40,000 of the best troops of Europe landed on the
Spanish main, could not accomplish so much mischief
to South America, as this perfidious and infamous
transaction. The expeditions which were meditated
to rendezvous at Florida, were without a point or
depot to resort to.. Mexico had hoped for those troops
which were to proceed from the European continent;
but were paralyzed by the law of the 3d of March,
which no man in his senses could consider as :us act
of honesty-or honour, and which every dispassionate
man must contemplate as disgraceful to a free peo-
ple. The credits established in Europe were shaken
by this unaccountable act of perfidiousness ; and its
effects in Mexico, New Greuada,and Venezuela, were
such as to produce the most afflicting consternation.l
The two divisions of .5000 men, about to embark
in Europe, were arrested by the astonishing advice,
that the Republic of North America had joined the
holy alliance, and. made war on.the rising States of
the South : the expeditions were paralyzed, and the
Officers disheartened—a few of those gallant men,
passing from Europe at their own•adventute, to fulfil
the ignominy, were arrested only for passing through
a country pretending to be at peace with all the
world; they were imprisoned at the instance of a
Spanish Coniul, and the Attorney of the United
States of Republican America, was seen acting un.
der the instigations of the adored Ferdinand, against
men travelling withoUt hostility -or hostile designs
against our laws over a section of a free State ! .
As soon as Amelia was wrested by a peace like a
war from the Rebels and Buccaneers, for such were
the titles bestowed on the Agents of the South, as
had beau bestowed on certain Americans, cite Adams

NKR UyxN-pgscr.

and. one.Lausfeiss, and even one Was'aington and one
• Frank by persons in Europe forty years lsef;
a: soon as tliey were pig down by our magnanimilb:
• Don•Ottis tnade his n.,:pearance at Washington,, the
theatre of his triumphs. •
In order to proceed 'on the,negociation of the
treaty ef transfer, promised in 'February, aqd
approved by the.w.torcd Ferdinand, liikon Onis open-
ed his correspondence by an aniciadversion on the
President's speech.
The President held very truly declardcl, and to his
great mortification he had disctovered that,although
he bad driven out the buccaneers, that all Ise-had •
for it, was the promise of a future trantfer•of Suvc-
reignty, for theaccomplishmaat of which a treaty.-
was • first necessary!, and that had been constantly
frustrated by the duplicity and artifices of Don,Onis.
The Spanish Minister, la his letter of Ctit Decem-
ber, 1811, .eadeavours to evade the actual and only
point involved in those measures, that is, she cession
of Florida, and travels into the province of Tiaras to
settle a dispute about boundaries which were %Yip:illy
independent of the Florida question. It doe's not
appear that this letter was noticed, for on the 10th
of December he addressed another letter to the De-
partment of State, in which he signifies his intention
" to collect all the .documents and resutne the nego-
clarion, tehicli fortuitous causes suspended in the be-
ginning of the year." These fortuitous. causes were
Toledo's discoveries-I•and it was as adroit and neatly
covered a hint as could he conveyed by a man of•
more wit than she Don • lie adds in this letter, that
his Secretary had been sent to obtain full powers,
and, had returned with what he was sent to bring.
(To be continued.)

TRIAL AND ACQUITTAL OF MR. ROB!RT
GO URLEY, THE CANADL4.V REFORMER.

(From the Sackett's Hachette Casette.)

Me. Eneiron--I have jnst returned froth Kingston, Lipper
Canada, where, on the I etk instant, Is:trended the trial of Ho-
bert Gourley, for a libel on the Government of the Upper Fro.
since, and for attempting to sow sedition 4:tong the people, &c.
The Assizes were hchl by Judge, or, as they call hint there,
Lord CampbelL The trtal ocenpied the whole day, and was
attended by as large an audience a, the Court House could pos-
sibly accommodate. The cause was opened by the Solicitor,
Mr. Bolton, a young man frost York, and the alleged libellous
and seditious matter read from a pamphlet to the Jury. liis
comments were more declanutney than argumentative, his epi-
thets more pointed end personal than were applicable to such an
occatiMa. He Watfollowed by Mr. Gourley, who being, as he
said, unaccustomed to public speaking, was permitted by the
Judge to read an address to the Jury. It took a wide and intim-
rsive ranne, and enumerated. many grievaskes 'suffe.red by the
I people tinder the administradon-of the executive council of that
!necwincee and assertedthe consequent necessity of exposing them
to the public. It invdgised in strong anti forcible language
against the 'corrupt conduct: of, particular Government Officers
led fenourites•in the proVtnee, and in a few instances implied
epithets which were undignified anti unworthy of their author.
The addrest, however, in general, adopting a frequent use of
antithesis and metaphor, exkibi:ed a specimen of bold, energetic
composition,' seldom equalfed, end eontaided many encellent
maxims of political wisdpgp.and jectice. The Solicitor replied
at considerable leneth,' ina-direlan d some talent, but more
acrimony: • The Judge is charging the Jory appeared to lean
nether hard against the prisetter ; but when the verdict of ac-
quittal was pronounced, as it loan after was, by the Jury, and
received by the audience with a thundeepeal of acciannition, it:.
eye,. whose lustre win fading in the autuniu ot life, brighteeed
&Lew ; .and the muscles of his face, which age and the several
of his office had contracted into finds, there apparently to r. -
main undisturbed till saluted by the worm of the grave, were
forced into smiles, and his whole appearance indicated the nio-t
hearltelt joy. This circumstance convinces me that the task
which he had just performed (probably from a sense af daty
to the Government) was disagreeable to him, and that the milk
of hum en kindness still flowed in b!s bosom. The morning after
the verdict was announced, " Gourley for ever!" was found ir.-
scribed on almost every fence and currier post in Kingston. Re-
spectable men, from the distance of four to five hundred miks,
!swing attended the trial as friends to Mr. Gourley, with Min
the next day partook of a dinner given by the citizen. of King-
ston, which was distinguished, as is 'Awe' for such occasions, by
song, sentiment, and mirth. Few of the grievances complained
of are the refusal of lands and compensation promised to the
disbanded soldiery of the province, and to the emigrants who ar-
rived there from the mother country. Mr. Gourley, who, as it
was testified on the trial, belonged to a family klghly respectable,
who some years since raised a volunteer corps for the service of
his country, having been so unfortunate as to lose a large estate
by a law suit at Louie, formed the resolution of emigrating to
Canada, and obtained the assurance of a grant of several hun-
dred acres of land for himself and sentesfriends who were to ac-
company him. Ile came bimsar to Canada to make a se-
lection from the public lands, and to take the necessary steps
pi tear:Julie to Li. and Lis friends removal there. Op his arri-
val at York he was treated with touch courtesy and respect ; but
being tantalized for some time by Ate duplicity of the Council,
and discovering the impositions practised upaa applicant, for
lands, &c. he remonstrated with boldness, which producing in-
sult and recrimination' has widened the breach of au immea-
surable distance. The people, who suffered ur.der those griev-
ances, and were silent, perhaps for want of a genius eefficknny
bold and capable to tread an opposition, have arrayed them.
selves under the banners of Mr. Gourley. But Mr. Gourley,
I think, does not possess those great and attractive qualities
which ensure to a man the admiration of the multitude unison-
uected with his situation. lie is apparently 45 years of Age,
about six feet high, his form rather slender and not very eon:-
pactly made, as his shoulders and hips project to en unusual ev-
tent—his nose large and long—his head quite long from the chin
to the crown, and considerably inclining torward—his blue rye
(the only .beanty which lie had :them him) was pleasants.lively,
and expressive. 'f hat he has a Inlet perception and a fertile
imagination was repeatedly mai:netted in his anv.vers the Scli-
citor and Judge during his trial. But his enunciation was not
I sufficiently distinct, nor his manner sufficiently composed and
• dieuilied ; besides, his generel deportment and address are pe.,
l titer awkward,, not possessing that captivating grace and ease
which invest the senses with a kind of enchantment, and meet
a triumph whenever desired. On the above reasons.my ophlion
is formed, that Mr. Grturley would not become the Idol of a pro-
pie uniewddentilied with them in the same senseof suffering v.- d
oppression, tie is d :.,ebtit as as popular in the preerMce cf
Cpper Canada as ever man was in any cnuntry. I have been tin:a
i partitular in my account of facts, as I have keen several notices in
many rrspttetaLlt: t twvapurs of the United States, of the direor-
tents in Upper Cenada, and suggest:mu that a revolution iv-
silting in the independence of the province might be expected. I
cannot believe that there's the faintest probahnity of such an event.
The meeting and conventions of the (3011rieliltS, P ahoy are nall-
esoxecatutlizz
ed, have ever been public, and all proceedices have been not rely
published,ited
but have courted investigation:. Trueethepeeple an,.
, ~ 4
peat to be moved by a simile itniatise ; *heir c.implaints aste bead
gad
, temper-4os originates exclusively floe: the provincial,Geeefe.
I councilnienouf the ;?revut.thceey
Welt the es 14:° :.;*"-he P.caire—tetk4
, merit, which the honte*Ginterament.este remedy at any moment
she pleases, and which she will do most assuruily tfausioatito
prevent revolution front bursting into lift.
Sackett's Ittrb9vr, Aug. 19,