Star.
London, England, 1819-10-12 00:00:00

Labs; ocTOPEN ltls

Some large orders for coat-se Cloths have been fe4
ceived within these few days from Russia, and mote
considerable demands are expected, as the Examiners
(natives of Russia), who were here at the termination
of the lite hostilities; have written over tb the per•
sons whom they were then With) tb *say, that they
are preparing to come hither.
The Cloth business (as I have already observed), it
brisker at the present time than it has been for mats
months past ; but there are still many hundreds of
persons (I might say thousands) out of employment,
who refuse to work unless the " Statement Prices"
are agreed to. To the honour of what w e termed
the small Masters and Manufacturers, these " State+
ment Prices" have been agreed to ; but some of the
owners of the over-grown Mills and I'actories refuse
to accede to what both common honesty and neces+
sity so imperiously demand.

So great an interest has been excited by the ap-
proaching County Meeting, that every chaise, car,
cart, and horse, in this town and neighbourhood,
have been some days past engaged for York ; And,
although the Castle •yard occupies more than an acre
of ground, some apprehensions are entertained that
it will not contain half the expected assembly ; in
which case, it is supposed, the Meeting will be ad-
journed to Knavesmire (the Race Course), where
there will be sufficient room to accommodate the
assembly, however large.

Public Meetings are announced for Dewsbury,
Huddersfield, Keighley, and every place of note, in
this County, to take into consideration the proceed.
ings at Manchester on the 16th of August, and no
other topic whatever is to be brought forward at them.
As soon after the York Cbunty Meeting as conve-
nient, there is to be a grand District Meeting of the
Radical Reformers, to be held in a central part of
the West Riding of this County.

MANCHESTER, OCTOBER 10.

X
965,383

215,821

14b,965

j 1,522,149

953,408

368,941

Decrease
as com-
pared
with
IRI7.

20,764

20,764

Decrease
as com-
pared
with
1818.

916,587
192,117
96,728

5,978

1,.211,410

59,854

11,151,556

Decrease
as com-
pared
with
1817.

368,783

.113,226

1,154

483,163

In the hurry of dispatchihg my express yesterday
evening, I omitted to mention a legal argument ad-
vanced by Mr. AsitwoaTit, which, if it had any
weight, must have rendered the greater part of the
evidence adduced totally superfluous.
The Learned Gentleman maintained, that accord-
ing to the statute of 24th ,George 11. persons en-
gaged in the execution of any warrant issued by
competent authority, were not responsible for any
act connected with the execution of such warrant ;
and soldiers, who by becoming so did riot cease to
be citizens, were as much entitled to the protection
of this law as any other class of persons. But that
such was the law of the land was, he conceived, dis-
tinctly recognized in the case of Sir Francis Burdett
v. the Serjeant at Arms, where Chief Justice Mans-1
field so declared it. That case was no doubt a civil
action, but then the principle upon which the deci-
sion of Chief Justice Mansfield rested, was quite the
same as that which applied on the present occasion;
for here the soldiery were called in to assist in the
execution of a legal warrant, and for any events ne-
cessarily arising out of their endeavours to execute
that warrant they could not be deemed responsible.
Hence he argued that the Learned Gentlemen on the
other side were quite out of Court.
Mr. HARMER contended, that the case of Sir
Francis Burdett, upon which the Learned Gentle-
man so emphatically dwelt, had no analogy to the
present. For in the case of Sir F. Burdett, the eke-
cution of the warrant was resisted, and in conse-
quence of that resistance the aid of the military was
called in. But here there was no resistance what-
ever to the execution of the warrant, a regular line
of special constables being formed up to within a
short distance of the hustings, and thus remaining
undisturbed, until Nadin, who admitted that he
walked to and fro between this line, without
itrre-
ceiving any molestatio thought proper to with-
draw these constables, • er to make room for the
charge of the Yeomanry, r rather to preserve them
from being trampled upon. This, too, be it remem-
bered, took place without any attempt having been
previously made by the Civil Power to carry the
warrant into execution. Was such a course consis-
tent with the principles of British Law, which for-
bade the introduction of the Military, in any case
where it was not indispensably necessary to the exe-
cution of a warrant? And in this case he maintained
that there was no necessity for the employment of
the Military, as appeared from the evidence before
the Court, as well with respect to the peaceable cha-
racter of the Meeting, as to the undisturbed proceed-
ings and arrangements of the special constables. Yet
through this unfortunate and unnecessary employ-
ment of the Military, murder had been committed,
and for this crime all the parties concerned were le-
gally responsible. But it was evident, from the testi-
mony before the Court, that cutting and maiming
had taken place after the warrant alluded to was car-
ried into execution, and the parties to whom it re-
ferred were taken from Sr. Peter's-field; nay, several
persons were wounded by the Manchester Yeomanry
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)ersons were wuunueu uy cnc inAucurster Levu-iamb
order circumstances totally unconnected with the 111. i'
execution of the warrant ; and would the Learned g '
3entleman extend his law to the protection of the • . I i
lelinquents in such cases ? If he would, he could not
iesitate to express his conviction, that an honest Jury
li
would not be influenced by his opinion.
The CORONER made no observation. • % ,
If Mr. ASHWORTH'S legal opinion were correct, the i il,i
greater part of the Inquest has been a waste of time. r I
The remainder of the evidence to be adduced by
Mr. HARMER will refer, I understand, to the identi- il;
fication of the Yeomanry and others concerned in . .
, .
actually assailing or injuring the people ;and the In-
quest
is expected to terminate on Thursday or Friday,
if there be no farther adjournment.
. .
Monday se'nnight, between eleven- and twelve ' .1
o'clock at night, a fire broke out in the stables be- ..
longing to the George Inn, Perth. Notwithstanding
' 1
the utmost exertions of all ranks, four houses and a !
granary were destroyed, and ten tine horses were
brunt to death in the stales.
. . .
. .
:.
..-

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ARRESTS IN PRUSSIA.

♦ NARA ITiVE OF THE CONDUCT 01, 7IIE-FRUSSIAIi
•
POLItK, I I 'FRE SEI2URE OF THE PAPERS OF IC
EIUtiLIMEL,S, SUBSTITUTE OF THE ROTA/. PRO-
CIDIEUE AT TRY TRIBUNAL OF FIRST iNsrixus At
MLOONE.

As tare Substitute De Muhlenfels returned, about
reveal ecteck in the evening al the 1 eth cif from
.his accurapanied by one of his colleagues, and
116:AS eeteriug Iris apartuseato he. was told by his land-
lady that the ['resident of Paiice was in the house,
acid desired instantly to see him, having matters of
-great importance to settle with him. Ile baumathe
l'residtat of Police in the porch, accompanied by
the rice-Piesident of the First Instance, Hepsse. the
Inspector of Police Schoenin g. and two elms Secre-
easier. The Prinideeit of Police declared to him, that
lie had something of importance to commesnicete to
Lim, on which the Substitute De Muhlentels invited
Lim to enter his apartments. When he hau entered,
and the usual foams of society had been complied
evith, the President of Police began to express regret
that he was obliged to visit the accused on such a
painful business as the present, but that he must exe-
e'er his ditty, and fulfil the charge he had received
from his Majesty to seize the papers of M. De 31uh-
ktifels. The latter replied, that before they pro-
ceeded farther, be desired to see the Royal commu-
eCcation on which the President of Police felt him-
self warranted to act. After a moment's hesitation,
one of the Secretaries of the President of Police
brought the document in question. It was a letter,
signed by M. De Kamptz, couched nearly in die fol-
lowing terms :--ss That the Substitute M. De Muh-
lenfels, was suspected of having entered into a cor-
respondence, dangerous to the security of the State,
with a certain Dr. Yung, at Berlin ; that especially
a letter of Aluhlenfels to Yung, of the 21st of No-
vembet, 1817, contained revolutionary expressions,
from which his implication in engagements perni-
cious to the public security was to be infened ; that
a certain De Burl had sent to the said Muldentels
copies of a work, entitled Questions and Answers ;
and that, conformably to an order of his Majesty, it
was therefore necescary to seize the papers of Mule
lenfels, to seal that's up, and to send them, without
delay, to the Ministry of Police." The letter aiier-
wards contained an order, by which the President of
l'olice was to command the President of the Tribunal
of First instance to accompany him ; and in the
case of the absence of Nluhlenfels. was not to pro-
ceed to the seizure without being attended by two
witnesses. Finally, the letter contained an instruc-
tion to inform the President of the Court of Appeal,
Daniels, and the Provincial President, Count De
Slims, of the proceedings, after the papers had been
seized. When Muhleils had read this document,
and saw the President of Police proceeding imme-
diately to the execution of his orders, he (Muhlenfels)
declared his regret that he could not accede to the
wish oldie President in permitting a seizure of his
papers, as the Procureur-General and the President
or the Court of Appeal were the only parties autho-
sized by law to make such a seizure from him ; that
he could not, theiefore, yield, except to their orders,
and that, in consequence, he would soleinnly pretest
against any serzuse made by the President of Police.
The President at first appeared to allow little im-
portance to this reasoning, maintaining, on the con-
trary; 'that he could not delay the execution of the
orders he had received till the parties should be called.
On this Muhlenfels replied., that he would only yield •
to force, but that he wished first of all to inform the
First President and the Procureur-General of wha
was transacting, and that he would send an invitation
to these Gentlemen to repair to the spot, when, if
they ordered the seizure, he would have no objection
to that act. lie farther besought the President not
to occasion any disagreeable scene, and to respect
the duties of hospitality while under his roof. On
this the President became more tranquil, and Muh-
lenfels wrote letters both to the President Daniels,
and to the Procurene-General Sandt, informing them
of the attempt. of the President of Police, and be-
seeching theii:attenclance, to prevent the commission
of any illegal act by them.
After these letters were dispatched, the President
of Police demanded as a preliminary, that Muhlenfels
would separate his private papers from the papers in
his possession belonging to his office. The President
of Police was himself proceeding to this act of sepa-
ration, when he was interrupted by the accused in a
peremptory manner. The President:then complained
that he had been forced to wait a long time; that he
was unwilling to wait much longer, as he had en-
gaged to go to the Baths to-morrow. Muhlenfels then
begged him not to make so light of the matter, as so
complain of its occupying a small portion oasis time,
and tried to convince himhow much morehe (M Alen-
fels) suffered by the situation in which he was placed,
than the person who was employed to violate his do
uhenfels then asked for a copy of the let-
ter of Kamptz, which the President seemed at first in-
clined to grant, but which consent he afterwards re-
tracted on being told that it was intended to send it
to Daniels, evading the fulfilment of his cffer by al-
leging that it would occupy too much time to copy
it ; that the President of the Court of Appeal and the
Procureur-General could see the original when they
arrived; and that he was afraid, it he granted a
copy, that it might be inserted in the Journal of Wis-
baden. Muhlenfels replied, that he had, in truth, no
motive for making a secret of what had happened,
and that the President had a full right to refuse a'
copy if he chose, as he (Muhlenfels) had a right to re-
sist the execution of the order the letter contained,
Aftera shortinterval, the President Daniels arrived,
and the President of Police put into his band the Mi-
nisterial rescript, declaring that it was his intention
to put it in execution,notwithstanding any interference
of the Judicial Authorities. The President Daniels
upon this remarked, that he was very sorry to see
such an apparent disregard sbewn at Berlin to the
laws of the Rhenish Provinces ; and that, if the Presi-
dent of Police thought it his duty to act according to
his instructions, the competent Judicial Authority
must oppose him—lst, Because the Ministerial re-
• was only signed by M. de Kamptz ; 2dly, Be-
-- founded upon a Royal rescript, a copy
,t;ht to have been appended ; that it be-
the powers of the Procureur-General alone
the seizure of the papers of Muhlenfels,
iv... Toper ; and that he (Daniels), in his
dent of the Court of Appeal, had only

come to assist by his Counsel- During .these Iscoc‘l
slims, the Procureur-General,
Sancti, arrived, and im-
mediately declared that he could not permit the
seizure in question by the President of Police, as such ,
an act was contrary to law. The President of Police,
on the contrary, persisted in his intention, and con-
tended that he had :he right, and would exercse it ;
but Muhlenfels once more soleamly declared, that he
would, under no conditingi **vet ap a single paper
to the
hrtroesiticlezenrt otfor:Lcel,ofti Oaaally t i
act'eof seizure in his
apartments, where he could recognize him in no
other character than that of an intrusive stranger. On
this the President of Police complained of the want
of politeness shewn to him in the whole of the pro-
ceedings, declaring that it was a bad return for die
delicate attention he had shewn to Muhlenfels—first,
in waiting so haig for his return; secondly, in com-
municating to him the Ministerial resciipt ; and,
lastly, in waiting for the atrival of the President
Daniels and the Procureur-General. Muhlenfels re-
plied, that he did not at all perceive any thing that
the PreiOdent of Police had done more than his duty,
and that, therefore, he was not bound to surrender
any rights out of gratitude for his kindness. The
President Daniels remarked, that the affair had now
taken an entirely different turn, and that the papers'
could not be seized without the consent of the Pro-I
cureur-General, who was present, and who had alone
the right of proceeding to the seizure. Ile proposed,
therefore, as a means of avoiding all clashing between
the Authorities, that the Procureur-General should
seize the papers, seal them up, and that they should
remain under the mutual seal of the Procureur-Ge-
neral and the President of Police until farther orders
were received for their disposal. On this proposition,
the President Daniels and the President of Police re-
tired to a neighbouring chamber, whence, after. hav-
ing conversed for some time in private, he returned
and announced his departure, as the matter did not
come within his jurisdiction, but belonged solely to
that of the Procureur-General. '1 he President of Po-
lice did not appear at all disposed to enter into the
arrangement formerly mentioned. lie persisted in
declaing, that he had a right to seize the papers.. and
that he would employ force if necessary.
' On this the Procureur-General replied, that be
would,not resist force; but Muhlenfels said, that
force alone would induce him to comply with the
order. On this the President of Police demanded,
with great vehemence, that the words of Muhlenfels
shoe ld be taken down, and inserted in a procer ver-
bal; to which the latter replied, that he had no ob-
jection to furnish every fac;lity to the President of
Police to take notes of what he had said. After
some firther discussion, the President of Police
finally consented to receive the papers from the hands
of the Procureur-General, after bcing seized by him,
and to send them to Berlin under the reciprocal seals
of both parties. On this Muhlenfels opened his cabi-
net, and begged the Procureuo General to allow him
to separate his correspondence with the Ladies from
the rest of his papers, which was allowed with great
politeness. The remaining papers were then seized,
consisting of correspondence with friends, and a small
treatise on Government, which he had been writing
as an exercise. The pamphlet entitled Questions and
Answers, mentioned in the warrant, had fallen aside,
and could not then be found. The papers were all
sealed by the Procureur-General, and handed over
to the President of Police, when, after the execution
of the business, they retired together.
After their departure, Muhlenfels' landlady in-
formed him, that the President of the Police, *in his
entering the hou'e, had demanded the key of his
apartment ; that she had told him it was in the pos-
session of Muhlenfels himself; that the President
then demanded the master-key, which' is always in
the possession of the housekeeper, which she refused
to surrender. She likewise added, that he was at-
tended by several Police Officers to enforce his orders
had resistance been offered to the surrender of the
papers.
On the following day Muhlenfels sent to the Pro-
cureur-General of the Court of Appeal the book which
he had in the first instance inquired after, containing
questions and answers on several political subjects,
composing a kind of political catechism. This book,
which he had in vain sought for at the time when his
other papers were seized, he now found, and did not
think proper to withhold. In the note which accom-
panied it, the accused begged that the proceedings
instituted against him might.be prosecuted with as
much expedition as was consistent with the interests
of justice, or the claims of a thorough investi„oation.
He was allowed to remain at large till the 186, and
heard nothing officially of what was the result of the
examination of his papers, or of the determination of
those to whose custody they were consigned. On
the 18th the President of the Court of Appeal and
Counsellor of State (Daniels), in conformity with
Articles 475 and 484. of the Code of Criminal Pro-
cedure, issued a warrant for his arrest and confine-
ment in a maison de farce, to answer interrogatories
on the charges laid against him. The President of the
Court of Appeal being his lawful Judge, and being
authorised to draw up the instruction against the,
officers of justice in the provinces of the Rhine, M.
Muhlenfels submitted in the most unreserved manner
to his jurisdiction. The arrest of the acctned had
taken place in due form of law, though at first the
interference of the Police threatens, a violation of all
law as well as justice. The President Daniels not
only ordered properly the arrest, but in the presence
of the Procureur-General conducted the examination.
What •were the proofs of plots, conspiracies, and
treason, disclosed in the first day's examination, the
following faithful and authentic abstract of it will shew.
EXAMINATION OF M. MUULENFELS, BEFORE THE PRE-
SIDENT. OF TIIE COURT OF APPEAL, M. DANIELS,
COUNSELLOR OF STATE, ON TUE 19T11 OF JULY, AT
' COLOGNE.

Are you acquainted with a Society called " the
Black Association?"—No. Many of the volunteer
Students, alter the war of our liberation, returned to
prosecute their studies at the Universities. They soon
found that it would be proper to abolish in the Aca-
demies the Societies called Londsmateschaflem, which
exercised an intolerable dominion over the Students,
and occasioned a pernicious separation among the
Germans of our common country. Accordingly, se-
veral of these young men united together in firm
friendship, resolved to oppose the continuance of
such partial associations by all the legal means in
their power. Thljr number was at first but small,
and their influence limited. Their opponents could

Ibloytnoccactieeislibeutbodwiatthora )c-ootimnmgomitecno, mrilcution,na trnalerd
so obstinately pursue their object in concert,
-fend their independence against the powerful influence
and de-
of the Londsnuinschreete. They were then led to be-
lieve that they were united by a secret association,
and gave it the name of the 81ac..: Order, ni Society.
This name, undoubtedly, originated in Giessen, and
soon spread to Heidelberg, and other Universities.
All this while, the object of its supposed members
was not to form associations, but to oppose their for-
mation. At a later period, the freedom secured from
the power of Lniidsmansckajlen admitted the creation
of more liberal Societies, and the Lnidssranschrillen
gave place in some Universities to the Bursehensehaf-
ten, or Association of Students.
Were you a member of such an Association, or Bu:-
schenschaft No.
Are you acquainted with people who arc said to
belong to such a Society?—Yes.
Where are they ?—At Giessen and Heidelberg.
Are you acquainted with Dr. Otto?---Yes I knew
trim as a vagabond, who was driven from Otto?—Yes,
by the beadle, who pursues beggars.
Did you employ him to deliver a charge to the
States of Nassau, to oppose the Duke had in-
tended to employ any one for a political object, I
would have employed a more honest man.
Have you been at Manheim, and when were you
there last?-1n the month of May.
After the assassination of Kotzelme?—Yes.
Did you there converse with Dr Yung?—Yes,
Stith Dr. Yung, the father.
Did you there speak in praise of the act of Sandt?
—.I scarcely think I entered so much into the subject.
Did yod speak in terms of approbation or disap-
probation of that action ?—When a record of my oral
expressions slrali be produced, then I shall verify it.
Have you any hesitation to express your conviction
,on that action?—When required, I shall communi-
cate my conviction to the King alone. Ido not be-
'here that a moral conviction can be the subject of
judicial inquiry.
But the question is now concerning expressions of
which it is said you made use?—Expressions are
only the result of sentiments: I therefore refer to my
former answer.

Did you write the letter dated from Gustrow, the
27th "N...ivember, 1817 ? (A copy of it was produced.)
—lt is possible; but to recognize it as mine, you
must produce the original.
Who is Hans (John) Rudolph, to whom the letter
is Addressed ?-1( I wrote the letter in question, the
name can he no other than that of my friend, Rudolf
Baron Plehoe.
Do the initials IL S. signify lleimur and Schleier-
macher at Berlin?—h, is possible.
What is meant by the expressions—" 'Wien bold
and rapid action is required, the courage of youth
must prevail ?"—I must first acknowledge the letter
as mine before I can answer such a question relative
to its contents; then I may recollect the state of mind
in which I was at the time.

What is the meaning of the expressions, " We will
rescue him, Hans Rudolph von Plehoe, from the claws
of the Devil, and light for them a torch which will
consume them to ashes r—l refer to my former reply.
Were you at Berlin in the summer of 1817 ?—Yes. Yes.

Wete you in the shop of the bookselleiDumler?—
Yes; once, with Professor Jahn.

- What was the subject of your conversation ?—I do
not remember.

Did J.din speak, and about what?—lle generally
speaks a great deal ; but on what then, I do not recollect.
Did Jahn then say that Constitutions could not be
gained tranquilly?—l remember nothing of it.
Did you not reply, on his saying that-- s Yes, I
blood is the cement of all noble works?"—ft is pos-
sible
I may have said so.
What did you mean by it ?—lf- 14 made use of the
metaphor, it is possible that I may have referred to
the war of the liberation, when in fact blood was the
cement of noble works.

'I

script was on
cause it was f
of which ougl
longed to the
to proceed to
if he thought
quality of Pre
•
•...s.