The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1852-12-21 00:00:00

AMERICA.

ARRIVAL OF THE AMERICA.
By the Royal Mail Steam-ship America, which arrived
in the Mersey at 9-15 a.m. yesterday (Monday), we have
advices from New York to the 7th, and from Boston to
the Bth Instant. The America brought 60 passengers and

43'325,000 in specie on freight. -
The steam-ship Niagara arrived at Halifax on 10th inst.
The steam-ship Europa, Shannon, commander, arrived
at New York on the 2d instant.
Telegraphic advices from New Orleans to the 4th inst.,
state that great excitement existed at Tampico, in conse-
quence of a formidable revolution which had broken out
in the state of Tamaulipas. The city of Victoria, the
capital of the state, had been captured by the revolu-
tionists, who were hourly expected to attack Tampico.
The pilot boat Yankee, No. 7, was lost on the 3rd
instant, while laying to under a double reefed mainsail,
35 miles east of Sandy Hook.
One wheel of the caloric-ship Ericsson had been moved
by the aid of the natural elasticity of the air, no fire being
used. The trial trip bad not taken place.
We have intelligence from Havana to the 30th ult.
According to the New York Herald the slave-trade was
very active. Purser Smith, of the Crescent City, having
apologised, the Captain-General bad accepted his apology.
The British Consul having charged a number of American
seamen with being employed in the slave-trade, they had
been apprehended. The old stock of sugar was much
reduced. Prices had advanced. Exchange on London

111 to 12 prem.
CONGRESS.—The Second Session of the Thirty-second
Congress opened at the Capitol on Dec. 6, when the
Message of President Fillmore was delivered. We sub-
join the most important features of—

•
THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.
The message of President Fillmore which is dated Dec.
6, commences with an allusion to the recent Presidential
Election, congratulating the nation on its having been
effected by the independent suffrages of a free people.
The President then makes the usual acknowledgments to
Providence, and proceeds to treat of

THE FISHERIES QUESTION.
"In the course of the last Summer, considerable

anxiety was caused for a short time by an official intima-
tion from the Government of Great Britain that orders

had been given for the protection of the fisheries upon
the coasts of the British Provinces in North America
against the alleged encroachments of the fishing vessels of
the United States and France. The shortness of this
notice and the season of the year seemed to make it a
matter of urgent importance. It was at first apprehended
that an increased naval force bad been ordered to the

fishing grounds to carry into effect the British interpreta-
tion of those provisions in the Convention of 1818, in re-
ference to the true intent of which the two Governments
differ. It was soon discovered that such was not the de-
sign of Great Britain, and satisfactory explanations of the
real objects of the measure have been given both here and

in London.
" The unadjusted difference, however, between the two
Governments as to the interpretation of the first article of
the convention of 1818 is still a matter of importance.
American fishing vessels within nine or ten years have
been excluded from waters to which they had free access
for twenty-five years after the negotiation of the treaty.
In 1845, this exclusion was relaxed so far as concerned
the Bay of Fundy, but the just and liberal intention of
the Home Government, in compliance with what we think
the true construction of the convention, to open all the
outer bays to our fishermen, was abandoned, in conse-
quence of the opposition of the colonies. Notwithstand-
ing this, the United States have, since the Bay of Fundy
was re.opened to our fishermen in 1845, pursued the most
liberal course toward the colonial fishing interests. By
the revenue law of 1846, the duties on colonial fish enter-
ing our ports were very greatly reduced, and by the ware-
housing act it is allowed to be entered in bond without
payment of duty. In this way colonial fish has acquired
the monopoly of the export trade in our market, and is
entering to some extent into the home consumption.
These facts were among those which increased the sensi-
bility of our fishing interest, at the movement in question.
" These circumstances and the incidents above alluded
to have led me to think the moment favourable for a
reconsideration of the entire subject of the fisheries on the
coast of the British provinces, with a view to place them
upon a more liberal footing of reciprocal privilege. A
willingness to meet us in some arrangement of this kind
is understood to exist on the part of Great Britain, with a
desire on her part to include in one comprehensive settle-
ment, as well this subject as the commercial intercourse
between the United States and the British provinces."

THE DISPUTES AT HAVANA.

" The affairs of Cuba formed a prominent topic in my
last Annual Message. They remain in an uneasy con-
dition,
and a feeling of alarm and irritation on the part of
the Cuban authorities appears to exist. This feeling has
interfered with the regular commercial intercourse between
the United States and the island, and led to some acts of
which we have a right to complain, But the Captain-
General of Cuba is clothed with no power to treat with
foreign governments, nor is he in any degree under the
control of the Spanish Minister at Washington. Any com-
munication which he may hold with an agent of a foreign
power is informal and matter of courtesy. Anxious to put
an end to the existing inconveniences, (which seemed to
rest on a misconception,) I directed the newly-appointed
Minister to Mexico to visit Havana, on his way to Vera
Cruz. He was respectfully received by the Captain-Gene-
ral, who conferred with him freely on the recent occur-
rences ; but no permanent arrangement was effected.
" In the meantime, the refusal of the Captain-General
to allow passengers and the mail to be landed in certain
cases, for a reason which does not furnish, in the opinion
of this Government, even a good presumptive ground for
such a prohibition, has been made the subject of a serious
remonstrance at Madrid ; and I have no reason to doubt
that due respect will be paid by the government of Her
Catholic Majesty to the representations which our Minis-
ter has been instructed to make on the subject."
ANNEXATION OF CUBA. _

" Early in the present year, official notes were received
from the ministers of France and England, inviting the
government of the United States to become a party with
Great Britain and France to a tripartite convention, in
virtue of which the three powers should severally and
collectively disclaim, now and for the future, all intention
to obtain possession of the Island of Cuba, and should bind
themselves to discountenance all attempts to that effect on
the part of any power or individual whatever. This invi.
tation has been respectfully declined, for reasons which it

would occupy too much space in this communication to
state in detail, but which led me to think that the proposed
measure would be of doubtful constitutionality, impolitic,
and unavailing. I have, however, in common with several
of my predecessors, directed the ministers of France and
England to be assured that the United States entertain no
designs against Cuba; but that, on the contrary, I should
regard its incorporation into the Union at the present
time as fraught with serious peril."
Having alluded to the difficulties of arranging with
Mexico for the protection of a transit way across the
isthmus of Tehuantepec, the President proceeds to inform
Congress as to affairs with

NICARAGUA.
"The settlement of the question respecting the port of
San Juan de Nicaragua, and'of the controversy between
the Republics of Costa Rica and Nicaragua in regard to
their boundaries, was considered indispensable to the
commencement of the ship canal between the two oceans,
which was the subject of the convention between the
United States and Great Britain of the 19th of April,
1850. Accordingly a proposition for the same purposes,
addressed to the two governments in that quarter, and to
the Mosquito Indians, was agreed to in April last by the
Secretary of State and the Minister of Her Britannic
Majesty. Besides the wish to aid in reconciling the
differences of the two Republics, I engaged in the negoti-
ation from a desire to place the great work of a ship canal
between the two oceans under one jurisdiction, and to
establish the important port of San Juan de Nicaragua,
under the government of a civilized power. The pro-
position in question was assented to by Costa Rica and
the Mosquito Indians. It has not proved equally accept-
able to Nicaragua, but it is to be hoped that the further
negotiations on the subject which are in train will be
carried on in that spirit of conciliation and compromise
which ought always to prevail on such occasions, and that
they will lead to a satisfactory result."
The President then refers to the negotiations with
Venezuela, Buenos Ayres, and the republic of Uruguay.
The aext subject is the disputes as to
THE LOBOS ISLES.

" The correspondence of the late Secretary of State
with the Peruvian Charge d'Affaires, relative to the Lobos
Islands, was communicated to Congress toward the close
of the last session. Since that time, on further investi-
gation of the subject, the doubts which had been
entertained of the title of Peru to those islands have been
removed, and I have deemed it just that the temporary
wrong which had been unintentionlally done her, from want
of information, should be repaired by an unreserved ac-
knowledgment of her sovereignty."
" I have the satisfaction to inform you that the course
pursued by Peru has been creditable to the liberality of
her Government. Before it was known by her that her
title would be acknowledged at Washington, her Minister
of Foreign Affairs had authorized our Charge d'Affaires
at Lima to announce to the American vessels which had
gone to the Lobos for guano, that the Peruvian Govern-
ment was willing to freight them on its own account.
This intention has been carried into effect by the Peruvian
Minister here, by an arrangement which is believed to be
advantageous to the parties interested."