Star.
London, England, 1816-11-22 00:00:00

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LONDON,

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FIiDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 1816.
PRICED" stoop 'MIS DAY A'l' TWELVE O'CLOCK s
Redo& alff --Cons. mo. 6SO—eons. for acc.l3lf
: 4 par Gant. 7isf—S per Cert. Navy 941
....Drift& Bonds las. 16s. pre.--Fschaquer SON /cgs. pre.

Complaints of distress, scarcity of money, and dill;
tress Of trade, are not co,.fined to Britain only. Every
-where they are the same, but in some countries they
?;e raqre aggravated than even among ourselves. In
• the United States, which comparatively were ua•
:" -Singed by the war, excepting a few illegal captures
Com them by their quondam friend I3n—NAPART4 and
'which they bore with great patience—in the United,
States the extent of Commercial distress baffles all
. description. In the North of Europe, and through.
out Germany, there is comparatively but little de-
:Mand Tor the products of industry ; that is, few can
find means to purchase them; and pseudo economists,
• reeking their brains to find out the cause of the slow
sale of their manufactures, can find no other but,.
tossbiaation among iht Britiskilasufdaurers m sell
prime Cost, till they havi ruined ail their Conniestal
rivals : nor do they once ask themselves how our
Manufacturers could find capital to throw away in
such an aboard and ruinous scheme.
In the South matters are in no • better condition.
Throughout Italy there is nothing but complaint—
except among Ecclesiastics. With them things have
mended within these two years, though they neither
have, nor ever will, acquire either the wealth or the
influence which they possessed in former times, and
which they so much abused. Potentates have not,
nor ever will forget, how often—hew invariably, in
Catholic countries, they have endeavoured to set
themselves above the Kings of the earth ; nor will
they ever permit them again to preach up rebellion
among their subjects with impunity.
In Spain, according to letters from Madrid to tke
2.! instant, the se ircity of money, especially in the

capital, has never been equalled. In the maritime
. towns the distress is less severe, as the commerce they

possess, such as it is, keeps a little money circ :dating

but the
.poverty of the Treasury and ere inefficiency
of the taxes is such, that the persons dependent on the
Government, as well as the Army, receive no pay.
In the interior commerce is so completely at a stand.
and the inhabitants generally so impoverished that
neither loans nor cnotributions can be obtained.—The
same letters mentin that Don PEDRO CEYALLOS has
been removed, and PIZARRO, late Spanish Envoy at
Berlin, acts in his place as Prime Minister : this Gen-
tleman was in office under the Cortes, and then be-
longed to the liberal party ; but what changes his ac-
cession to power will produce, is very uncertain. The
reason why King FERDINAND has put aside his old
Minister, is not stated, he has however fared pretty
well, since it is added, that he is to retain his former
salary, and gn as Minister to Naples. This is, in facr,
a considerable fall, but, under the Asiatic system by
which Spain is governed, banishment has frequently
fallen to the lot of degraded favodrites.
But to return. What is the cause of the general
distress ? What likely to afford relief ? The first
question may easily be answered generally—the late
long war; but to trace the secondary causes—to
follow money ' and property through the devious•
winning, and unnatural channels into which they have
been forced by the operation of the war, would occupy
volumes. Instead of attempting directly to answen
the second question, which would take up much
root*. and at present to little purpose, let us examine
.other for a few moments—are the general &strew:
otmedialle ? Yes, for the plainest reason possible.
The demands of mankind are food, clothe:, and hdgirsz.
The earth has not lost its productive powers, nor am
any of her mineral contents less within the reach of
labour and industry than they have always been. In
other words, every thing that mankind wants is as
much within the reach of man, and in as great abuts-
dance as ever they were. Have mankind lost the
power to call them forth ? Has man ceased to be as
industrious an animal as formerly ? Neither the
one nOr the other. Have different classed reciprocally
ceased to need the productsof the industry of the others?
No ouch thing. Their wants are as great as ever,
and they are mutually as willing as ever to part with
their respective productions for an equivalent. .Wby
then such general distress ? The answer must strike
every intelligent mind. The general system of So-
ciety has in some way
or other got io deranged, that
.the regular barter of the products of industry is in•
cumbered and impeded; that is, the oleftemes incurred,
in-some way or other, on the transfer, defeats its ob-
ject. Whenever mankind shall have sense'enough to
vesiipte this question, they will easily find out
the cause of the prevailing distress—and they will,
with equal- facility. discover the remedy. The
industry of each individual can only spare, be.
yond the absolute demands of his own wants, a car-
Wu portion, for the usaititenance of thou gam nurtiern
and industry furnish within: required 41k:4:oh* maim
of thecouguttnity. No artifice whatever can enable any
community to go on prosperously for one moment
longer than the labours of those who are productive
can maintain themselves and those who produce
nothing. Whenever the number of the latter becoMes
greater than the forma can maintain by the surplus