The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1852-04-13 00:00:00

The Jury intimated that they did not think it necessary

Lord CAMPBELL then said, he should shortly direct their
attention to the several questions they were to determine, for
they were allfor their determination. With regard to the in-
fringement, he would repeat the direction he had before given
them; Here was the specification, and although he thought
this issue was hardly disputed, they must consider whether an
ordinary workman, of ordinary skill, looking at it, could make
one of the boxes it described. The witnesses had said that an
ordinary workman, in their judgment, would be able to do so.
. .

, , . ~...........,_ ........„..., —.
The next issue was with regardto the novelty ot.. the inven-
tion. The third and fourth were so much alike that they might
be taken as part of the same question.

It lay on the plaintiff to show that this was a new invention,
and if he gave prima facie evidence that it was so, the defen-
dant would have to show that it was not. Now there was cer-
tainly strong evidence on the part of the plaintiff to show that
it was new. It was for them to say whether it was properly an
invention for the protection of papers against fire. The papers
were locked in an iron box, having cases enclosed, leaving
chambers between V e two cases, and the object was to have
some substance that would give out a moisture upon the appli-
cation of the heat, and the steam thus produced was to be in-
closed in the box and moisten the papers so that they might be
preserved from the effects of fire. There had been several wit-
nesses of respectability on both sides, although several of those
called for the defendant had only recently turned their atten-
tion to this subject. Several witnesses for the plaintiff said
that, although there bad been an addition to the old safe which
consisted merely of a single iron box, a mode having been in-
troduced of having an outer box, the great object was to in.
troduce some non-conducting substance, so that the operation
of heat might be retarded as much as possible; but that there
was nothing until Mr. Milner's patent to moisten the papers
by the operation of steam.
On the part of the defendant, he chiefly relied on Marr's and
Chubb's patents, and it would be for them to say whether those
patents were not confined to introducing non-conductors.
The object of both was to save papers from destruction, but the
mode and operation was the question in dispute. He had been
puzzled to know the difference between the two natents of Marr
and Chubb, and he afterwards found from one of the witnesses
that there was no distinction between them. They both had
non-conductors in the inner case. but neither seemed to have
had the slightest contemplation of any liquid, as their object
was rather to have substances as dry as possible, but had no
notion of a liquid which was to be condensed into steam to
moisten the papers in the inner case. They had heard the
evidence, and it would be for them to say whether they were
satisfied that the invention which Mr. Milner set out in his
specification was known before the date of his patent. If they
thought it was, they would find that issue for the defendant ;
and if they thought it was not,they would find it for the plaintiff.

The third and fourth issues were substantially the sane, being
*hat Mr. Milner was not the inventor, and the invention was
not new. If Mr. Milner was the inventor, the invention was
new; and if he was not the inventor, it was not new. Then
came the issue of whether it was useful, and he must say lie
had been astonished to find such strong evidence of its useful-
ness. Up to this hour he had no idea that there were any
human means of so effectually preserving papers from the
action of fire. It appeared that, by means of the condensation
of steam, the papers enclosed in the inner box were rendered
moist. It was a comfort for one to know that there was an in-
vention, by whichvaluable documents might be rendered secure,
notwithstanding the terrible calamity of fire breaking out in a
house. Although the defendant had thought fit to say it was
not useful, he was really at a loss to say what evidence there
was to raise any doubt as to its utility; but the question was
for them alone. Now came the direction he should give them
in point of law, and in this they must be guided by what he said.
He thought there might be an infringement, although the de-
fendant did not use vessels, pipes, or tubes for containing the
liquid. All the rest he left to them ; but he only said that it
was not indispensably necessary that the defendant should use
pipes, tubes, or artificial vessels, but they were to consider
whether the evidence was sufficient to convince them that the
defendant had infringed the patent. They would bear in mind
that respectable professors from King's College, and other
seminaries of learning had been called for the defendant, and
they would consider whether they disproved the infringement.
Tann's patent could only be evidence on the ground of infringe-
ment, for it was not taken out until nearly four years after
Milner's ; but if, as it would appear that Harrison sold Tann's
boxes, he could not say that they were not to look to Tann's
specification, if they came to the conclusion that tne boxes math
by Tann were the same as those Milner described in his specifi
They were to look on all the evidence on either aid
le issues ; and if they thought that, although th
e defendant sold did not contain any pipes, tube
-els for containing the liquid, they contain
-tances from which moisture wn.
thought the—

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UNDER THE PATRONAGE OF HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN,
FOOD AND BEVERAGE.
THE BEST IN THE WORLD.

THE PARIS CHOCOLATE COMPANY.
j. MANUFACTORY, Chocolate Mills, Isleworth ; WHOLE-
SALE DEPOT, 35, Pudding-lane, Eastcheap ; WEST-END
BRANCH, 221 Regent-street.
FRENCH CHOCOLATE. FRENCH SYRUPS,
Are preparations from the
.

•
Of all the vegetable produc- choicest fruits, mingled with
tions which enter into the hu- proper proportions of sugar,
man dietary, that of Cocoa is carefully purified and refined.
the best; the best form of pre- The fruit syrups are anti-alco-
pared Cocoa is that of Choco- bolic, and when mixed with
late, and that manufactured by cold or soda ,water, produce a
the Paris Chocolate Company beverage, which for cheapness
has been unanimously pro- and purity, exhilarating and
notinced by far the best exhi- refreship# qualities, richness
bited at the Crystal Palace. and delfcacy of flavour stands
unriv%lled.

Breakfast Chocolate in Pots, whicji requires no boiling, also,
in Tablets, plain or perfumed. Eatirig Chocolate, Penny Sticks,
Medallions, Pastilles, and Bonbens, in endless variety, fla-
voured to every taste, and put .op in fancy boxes. These are
invaluable to Travellers, Exc sionists, and all who need a
portable supply of the most ustaining food not requiring a
fluid to assist its passage as sandwiches do. Statuettes,
Animaux, &c.
" COUNCIL" D " PRIZE" MEDALS.

Unanimously awarded fo the Chocolate Machinery, Breakfast
Chocolate, Bonbons, an French Syrups, used and exhibited
by this Company. (See urors' Awards, Classes yr. and xxix.)
Breakfast Tablets, P in, in Half and Quarter Pounds, from
Is. 4d. to 3s. per pou ; Breakfast Tablets, with Vanille, from
3s. to Fs. per pou ; Penny Sticks and Railway Pastilles ;
French Syrups, in ttles. at 2s. 6d. and Is. 6d. each.
PREPARED CH OLATES REQUIRING NO BOILING.
Plain Quality. i Quarter-pound Packets, 3d. each ; "Exhi-
bition Quality,' " Crystallized Cakes, lid. each ; Exhibition
Quality," in Pac ets, 6d. each ; " Exhibition Quality," in Pots,
Is. 3d. each.

[le extraordhary popularity of the " Exns
TE' is the//best guarantee of its unriyall(
,re than four months it has been practica
EAT EXHIBITION, where its consumpti(
TEA or COFFEE, and on the number of cn
shment Contractors realized a profit of mor
SYRUPS, IN BOTTLES. A. 2s. 6n. AND l
.emon • Lemon Peel
Almond
ipple .Cinnamon
;e Peel Peppermint
the only Syrups cont

Almond

WItii.VANILLF

CHOCO-
quality. For
ly tested at the
u exceeded that
)s so!d, the Re-
! than .elOOO.

S. 6D. EACH

Rasp. Vin

Punch Syrup
Noyaux Syrup
Capillaire.

t. Crt:ne. L
uleur, et Cris

:e is ob-

as abOve,
.ers, Che-

arts able ki
addressed tc

Grocer

lazh-st

Haymar

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. I

HOUSE OF LORDS.-TIIESDAY, APRIL 6.

A number of petitions were presented by the Bishop
of London, the Marquis of Breadalbane, and the Earl of
Shaftesbury, against the Maynooth grant.

TREATY WITH BELGIUM

In reply to a question from Lord Stanley bt Alderley,
the Earl of MALMESBURY stated that a convention was
concluded with Belgium, agreeing with, the , spirit and
letter of the treaty first negotiated between Mr. Labou-
chere and the Belgian government.