Star.
London, England, 1820-07-31 00:00:00

NAPLES.

at nu fact, singular enotigh„that the events which
have recently taken place at Naples were completely
anticipated in an octavo voltroe, published about
two mouths ago, entitled. •+ Mirror.presented to his
Sicilian Knjesty, Great Britain. and the Allied Sove-
reign6.'—F. orb the Certificates inserted in this work,
it appea s the author, Francis Romeo, a Gentle-
ma of on; •.i the most distinguished families for
mak and fo• tune in Calabria, was a Captain in a Ca-
labriaa corp.. in the British service, and was em-
ployed in the secret and confidential department of
the iiritish Army in Sicily, in the years of 1811 and
1512, where he rendered the most essential services
to our interests in that Island. These services are
attested by Lieutenant-General Sir James CampbelT.:,
Lieutenant-General Sir Frederick Maitland, and Lord
William Benrinci, who speak cf Captain Romeo in
the highest terms.
The object of this work is to point out to his Ski-
lian Majesty the infamous character of most of the
Ministers by whom he was surrounded, the.wicked
and fooli h counsels they hactgiven him, and to prove
that it he did not abandon :those Ministers, and re-
trace his steps, what had jest taken place in Spain
" must be expected to take place soon-in Naples."
After the marriage of Napoleon with the Arch-
duchess of Austria, niece to the late Queen of Naples,
the Counsellors of the King of Naples entertained
hopes of recovering that kingdom through the French
Emperor ; and Murat, on the other hand, began to
be apprehensive of losing his kingdom; the conse-
quence of this was, that the Court of Naples was in •
an understanding with Napoleon; and Murat in -an
understanding with the British Authorities in Sicily.
Murat, to deceive Bonaparte, after keeping his army
for three whole months within view of the British
forces in Sicily, busied only in performing mere far-
cical manoeuvres, at last landed 3000 Neapolitan
soldiers four miles from Messina, the most of whom
were purposely allowed by the English Vice-Admiral
to effect their retreat.

" In the interval," says Captain Romeo; " when it had be-
- come evident that the enemy's landing, so anxiously anticipated,
and fur which such precautions bad been taken to render it suc-
cessful, was not forthcoming, your Majesty's Advisers and their
worthy colleagues, chart'. toy men selio now so grace your Throne
wits their pre-encc, wishing to remove at once all the obstacles
which they fancied prevented Murat from passing over into
Sicily, and quite impatient to see the kingdom of Naples re-
stored as.promlsed to your Majesty; at a perfect loss how to
get the English. out of your dominions, cunceived and prr,ected
Me horrible plan 1 1,14.1.12:rdng Me wide of Mena, after assassinating
Meir principal leaders, and then of adnaitting into-the Island the
French troops in their stead."
It seems- M. Romeo was the individual who suc-
ceeded, under the direction of the British Generals,
in nit king himself master of the correspondence car-
ried on between Napolei.n and his confidants in Sicily,
and having ascertained that the conspirators had
asked, through the French General Manches, in Ca-
labria ale ex; ected front Napoleon, a General Officer
to be sent to them, to determine finally with them
66 upon the long premeditated scheme of destroying
the British Army, he found means to get introduced
into their Councils M. Rochetueill, Lieutenant in the
Anglo-Maltese Regiment, as the expected French
Officer, who obtained an exact list of the chief con-
spirators. The conspirators, tried by a Court Mar-
tial, composed partly of Sicilian and partly of British
Officers, and Cully convicted of the crimes laid to

their charge, declared the Queen of Naples to be at
the head of the conspiracy. Lord William Bentinck
contented himself with convincing the King of the
perfidy of his Counsellors, the infamy of his fa-
vourites, and the folly of the measures info which
they had drawn him. The Queen was obliged to
quit the Island, some of the advisers were banished
the Kingdoin, others dismissed from their.employ-
meats, and all the Ministers removed from Court;
the government of the Kingdom was made over to
the eldest son, and a liberal Constitution was granted
to Sicily.
Scarcely, however, was the King replaced on the
Throne of Naples, in 1815, when theew Ministers
and Counsellors, whose iniquity and p y had been
so dearly detected in the year 1811, and whose blood
was not shed on a scaffold, from the humanity alone
of the British Minister, were " recalled from their
chains, dungeons, and exiles, tofu anew thefirst situa-
tions in the Kingdom.'
These worthless men, on regaining the supreme
authority, granted an amnesty to the- ringleader of
the banditti ; bestowed the chief honours of the State
on the most notorious Revolutionists; oppressed and
persecuted all those who had shewn themselves
fiiettclly to the British Army in Sicily, ordering some
to be arrested, banishing others, without allowing;
them the least opportunity to vindicate their inno-
cence ; treating others as unwotthy to serve in the
Army, or admitting them on an inferior footing to
that which they had held in the English Army;
stripped Sicily of the rightful privileges it had en.'
joyed for ages, and deprived it of the Constitution
granted by the King, and guaranteed to it by Great
-Britain ; humbled all the Princes in Palermo who
had shewn their attachment to the constitutional sys-
tem; subjected Francis Bourbon, the Heir Apparent
to the Throne, to all sorts of malicious and malevo-
lent treatment ; and, in short, have been guilty of all
torts of wicked and unjust acts which folly, malice,
and a blind spirit of revenge could dictate.
They were deeply incensed against Murals for his
having thrown obstacles in the way of their plans in
ISII, and contrived to defeat the intentions of the
King, by having him shot as a Revolutionary, after)
his landing at Pizzo, in 1815, when his flotilla, bound
to Trieste, was dispersed by a sudden tempest off the
heights of Calabria. Captain Romeo maintains, and
endeavours to shew, that Murat had then no inten-
tion hostile to the Sovereign of Naples, that. his land-
ing was aceisiental, and that the grounds for his exe-
cution were altogether false.
Captain Roaaeo was, by these Ministers, detained
four months a close prisoner at Naples, transported
erg board a Swedish vessel, and conveyed to Egypt,
for no other reason than his having contributed to the
political events which took place at Messina, when the
late Queen was banished. General Layatd, Vice-
Govei nor of Malta, &c. through the interposition of
tie English Consul at Alexandria,. granted him a
passq;e to London, on Ward the Euphrates frigate,
t0..1a) his case before the British Government.
General k_ .:nipbeli, in his certificate, says, that Cap-
tain Borneo, tioni the essential service which he ren-
dered to the Biitish Army in Sicily, through his zeal,

_

Y.

•

intelligence,lit4 activity; elteqbird *tire pirtficrAir:
apd nta#ed indignation cf Vie present Neapolitan. 0.,
vernrrient, ty which ;he said Francis Romeo, Oil
every other individual Who at that period adhered-to'
the British Army, or to the British Mission in Sicily,
has since then heeit persecuted tofth unrelenting vigour.",
In a certificate from General Maitland, sem was in
command in Sic% in the end of 1811, he states the
.services of Captain Romeo at the.tinie of the" exten-
sive secret intercourse and correspondence between
a person in very high potter Sicilj and Bonaparte,-
on; object of -which wtss to drive the English Army.
out of that island," and that he has "no doubt what.*
ever—none—that those services to the British, interest
did produce the enmity of the preent Neapolitan
Government towards Signor Francis Romeo, ritkd aitil
its consequences."
Mr. Romeo examines, at some length, the measuret
pursued by these Ministers, which have outtaged
men in anywise distinguished for talents or virtuesin
Naples, and which have been attended with the mast
disastrous effects to the country—a country, he says,,
" which still abounds in men the most distinguished,
not less for the purity ct their morals than for their
political skill and public economy, and in persona.
every way remarkable for their honour and` patriot-
ism:' The attempts of the Ministers-of the King of
NaPres, he observe, must produce a violent reaction.
They render vain the acts of the present Sovereigns
of Europe ; compromise their virtues, and make their
sincerity be questioned. If the principle fails, can its
consequences subsist? Will political errors, though
their efforts be slow, fail to produce their natural
consequences? Europe is become .clear-sighted.-.
The people's enthUsiasm is roused—their courage is-
exalted. In more than one country the liberty of tht,
Press exists ; and it were the merest illusion to be'
friend such ill-omened measures. Such a fatal ilia
sion will be dissipated the moment that the standard
of the perfidious is dashed to the ground.. Humanity
so degraded, requires this to he done, as well as the
glory and security of every Sovereign ; and it is from
a wish to perform so sacred a duty to reason, that I
propose to unmask the darkest imposture ; and now
venture to attack the fiend on his own very ground,
supposed so inaccessible,, and even within the magic
circle of all his fatal enchantments :
" Mai utile est good farimus
Gloria stultitia est!"
After these expositions, we cannot be astotlished at
what has taken place in Naples.

The following is an extract of a letter from an Eng-
lish Gentleman at Naples, dated July 11, and re-
ceived on Saturday:
• I before informed you of the King's appointment
of his son Francisco as his Vicar-General, on the plea
that ill-health incapacitated him from performing the
duties of Royalty. The Constitution we have adopted
is that of Spain ; but. it is to be received, however,
' with such exceptions as the National Representation
shall consider necessary to adapt it to the peculiar cir-
cnnntances of this kingdom. In the meantime a Pro-
visional Junta is to be formed, before whom the King
and Francisco are to swear to the new Constitution,
which is, moreover, ordeied Lobe translated from the
Spanish without delay. These, and a few excellent
regulations regarding the priblie peace and security,
have been the only official acts that have appeared
since the 6th. They have given universal satisfaction.
In the meantime, the Constitutional Army under
, General Pepe, consisting of about 8000 regular troops
And the Militia, with a vast number of armed pea-
sants that have collected from the different provinces,
remained tranquilly iq the interior, about ten miles
from hence, waiting the progress of events in the city,
until everything being arranged in the manner that
was desired, the whole body of the troops; with a
party of peasants, marched into Naples at noon on Sun-
day last. This was the proudest day Naples ever saw.
" The entire force of the nation, morales well as
physieal, was arranged on the side of freedom. The
greatest joy and union, yet at the same time the most
perfect order and tranquillity prevailed, and des-
potism was never left so solitary as on that day.—
The whole of these troops matched along the Toledo,
and passed before the King's Palace, which is at the
bottom of ir. The report of their ambers differs
from 10,000 to 40,000, but I am so indifferent a
judge of masses of men, that I canna say which is
the nearest the truth, although I saw them all. The
peasants were as well armed as the troops. They were
headed by a Priest, and a Priest also closed the rear.
The latter was the famous Minchini, who is the chief
author 'of .this wonderful Revolution. He has been'
in England. It is curious enough as one goes along
the street is hear a Priest haranguing a group and
talking about i diritti sacri del nom, or' it bone
della praria ' (the rights of man, or the good of the
country), with other sentiments of an equally liberal '
cast. One cannot reflect withoit astonishment on the
change that has taken place here within a few days.
" On Sunday, the 2d, we first heard of the move-
ments of the discontented in the interior • the King's
Decree, promising a Constitution,, is dated the 6th ;
on the 7th, the Constitution is fixed; and on the 9th,
the Constitutional Army enter the capital; thus com-
pleting a great Revolution in seven days, without the
loss of a single life, and in the most perfect order and
good humour. Whoever knows the inflammable dis-
position of the populace of Naples, will certainly not
credit this, unless he happened to have been an eye-
witness of what has been patting. And, indeed, who
can attach the ideas of order and peace to vast masses
of men composed of a revolted soldiery, and hordes
of wild Calabrese peasantry, every man erased with
a knife and a gun, and inflnenced by 'feelings of
great irritation)—this mass, too, entering * lerg*
capital, without a Government, and mingling with,
a populace more numerous than themselves ?....
This speaks more than words can possibly do-la flia
your of the cause which has united everybody; 'as
'well as of the admirable regulations which have been
made for the preservation of the public peace. The
city is at this instant as tranquil as ever it was. We
all (Prince and People) • carry the constitutional
cockade, and the same flags fly on all the forts'. ma
colours are those used here by the Freemasons. These
and the Carbonari, whoa few short hours since dune
not shew their noses, are now become the popular
and fashionable sects. We already feel the effects of
the liberty of the Press. A new Paper has just started,
called—' Journal of the Friends of the Country,' and
no doubt others, in a similar spirit, Will follow. It
is ex petted that to:eration in religion, which is refused
in Stain, will be permitted hese ; but t 145 I doubt."

'

• •
RECINT k EVOLUTION&
.
One of the last measures adopted by the NespoEtan
'Government, for overawing both the nation and the
army, and repressing the demand for a Constitution,
was to publish in the official Gazette of July 4 (two
'days before the Revolution broke out), the following
note of the Russian Government, addressed to the
Spanish Minister resident at St. Petersburgh. By this
document, the EMPEROR of It USSIA strongly condemns
every constitution imposed on a Sovereign by forces,'
•
NOTE OF THE IMPERIAL RUSSIAN MINISTRY TO THS
RESIDENT SPANISH MINISTER..
Peter burgh, April 20 (May e).
The note which the Chevalier de Zea de Bermudez addressed
to the Ministry of Russia, under the date of the 19th of April,
has been laid before the Emperor.
Constantly animated with the desire of seeing the prosperltt
of the State and the glory of the Sovereign maintaining them,
selves and flourishing together in Spain, his Majesty the Emperor
could not, without profound affliction, learn the events which
1
-have occasioned the official note of the Chevalier Zra.
Even though those events should 'be considered only as the
deplorable consequences of the errors, which, since the year
1814, seem to have presaged a catastrophe fur the Peninsube
still nothing can justify the aggressions which deliver up the dee-
tinies of the country to a violent crisis. Too often have similar
disorders announced days of sorrow for empires.
The futtue for Spain appears again under a sombrous and dis-
turbed aspect. Well-founded disquietude must be awakened
throughout all Europe; but the more serious these circumstances
am and the mote they are capable ef becoming fatal to that ge-
m/nil triune Wit y of which the world his scarcely tasted the first
fruits, the lists does it belong to the Powers guaranteeing that
universal benefit to pronounce separately, with precipitation, and
according is limited or exclusive views, a doluUtiye judgment es
the transactions which have marked the commencement of the
nsonth of March in Spain.
Not doubting but that the Cabinet of Madrid has addressed
similar communications to all the Allied Courts, his Imperial

.
Majesty readily believes that all Europe is about to speak in
one unanimous voice to the Spanish Government the language
of truth, consequently the language of a friendship equally frank
and well Intentioned. •
Meanwhile the Russian Ministry cannot dispenae with adding
some considerations on the anterior facts, to which the Chevalier
Zia de Bermudez has referred in his note. Like him, the Im-
pedal Cabinet will invoke the testimony of those facts,' and, in
citing them, will make known to him the principles which the
Emperor proposes to follow in his relations with his most
Christian Majesty.
In shaking off the foreign yoke which the French Revolution
bad imposed, Spain acquired indelible titles to the esteem and
gratitude of all European Powers.
Russia paid her the tribute of these sentiments in the treaty
of the Bth (20th) of July, 11112.
Since the general pacifiCation, Russia has, in concert with her
Allies, given -more than osie proof of the interest she takes in
Tlut correspondence which has taken place between the
e[nt Courts of Europe attests the wish which the Emperor
has always formed that the authority of the King might be con-
solidated in both hemispheres, through the medium of pure and
generous principles, and with the support of vigorous institu-
tions, rendered still more vigorous by the regular mode of their
establishment, Institutions which emanate frost Thrones are
conservatory ; but if they spriig up amidst trouble*, they only
engender a new chaos. In declaring his conviction on this point,
the Emperor only speaks according to the lessoss'af experience.
If we look back on the past, great eptniles present themselves
for the meditation of Nations and fievereigns.
His Majesty persists in his opinion ; his Withes are not chang-
ed; of that he here gives the most formal assurance.•
It now belongs to the Government of the Peninsula to judge
whether institutions, imposed by'one of those violent acts-..the
fatal patrimony of the revolution against which Spain has strug-
gled with so much honour--can realize the benefits which both
worlds expect from the wisdom of his Most Catholic Majepty,
and the patriotism of his Councils.
The path by which Spain shall choose to seek this important
object, the measures by which she shall endeavostr to destroy
impression produced io Europe by the event of the month
of March, must determine the nature of the relations which his
Imperial Ma' will preserve with the &pettish Government,
and the cwidenee which be would always wish to testify In-
wards it.

• THE EVENING STAR.

LONDON.

MONDAY, JULY 31, 1820.
THE FUNDS.

• !RIO 01 STOCKS THIS DAY AT ONt O'CLOCK
3 per Cent. Reduced 693/4
9 per Cent. Cons*. 68% ys lk
sh per Cent. 78 777 A--4 per Cent. 871,E % '54
5 per Cent. Navy 103% 3(4
Long Annuities 18 1-16—Scrip 2 % pre.
India Bends 235. 2'2s. pre.
Exch. Bills, 3s. 4s. pr.—Oinnium 1A pre. par.
Cons. for Acct. 69 68%

We have inserted above a most remarkable do-
cument relating to the Spanish Revolution, and
which emanated from the Cabinet of St. Petersburgh.
From this document, the Spaniards will be at no
loss to discover—we were going to say, the views
and intentions of the leading Powers of Europe to-
wards them—but we shall content ourselves with
limiting the avowal to one only—that which drew
up the document and presented it to the Spanish
Ambassador. But there is another circumstance
connected with this semi-Ukase, whichdemands, and
will procure for it, the particular attention of every
man in Europe who has sufficient intellect to under.
stand it. The document was published by the Nea-
politan Government, just two days before the com-
pletion of :he Revolution there. The reason for its
publication at that particular moment is so obvious,
that we need not stop to state that the Government
certainly hoped by its publication-to intimidate and
overawe the Revolutionists—an object in which the
Neapolitan Ministry completely failed : but we

cannot" avoid calling the attention, bf the world to
another fact, rendered manifest by the publication
'of the Diplomatic Note, and that too, not at Pe-
)tersiturgh—not at Madrid—hut it Naples I This
fact shews, we think, that whatever is concoct-
ed in any Cabinet joined in the. Holy Alliance,
is officially circulated td all of them I In other
' wards :—that nothing is wanted to the march_ of a
new holy crusade, but the means of co-operation; and
Money, and men as completely passive as:those of
which tie Russian armies are composed. What an
exposure is thus made by this document! We feel so
indignant at the right of interference of thehololties,
with the internal afairs of the dtferent States that
compose the European Family, not merely insinuated,
but avowed in the spirit that pervades tliisdocun3. eat,
4 that we will not trust ourselves to offer any comment

on the aim and object which it avows. We rejoice,
Iwwever;that this little circulating thunder—for cir.
car it must have been to have brought it within the
reach of the Neapolitan Government Press-I.a:
hitherto been Attended with no 3:mpest or injury to
mankind.... Vulcan ,may prepare thunderbolts, but
they must be hurled from a mightier arm than eves
that of Jupiter,, to give them power now to injure the
inhabitants of the earth.
_ _

The facts which we have stated respecting the pub-
lication of this important document—for most im-
portant will its publication prove to all the Monarchs
and subjects in Europe—explain
.most satisfactorily
the reason why the Neapolitan Revolutionists would
not allow the Kona even the short term of eight days
to comply with their demands. What Lallow a mo-
ment's delay, when the determination of their enemies
had already been made known to them by the ap-
pearance of this document? To allow of delay, when
the extent of the combination formed against them,
and against every people who shall demand to be
put in possession of the Representative Const tininu
promised to them, was thus proclaimed to all tl.e
world, would have been insanity.

Mr. ELour, who came to London a few days•
ago
on a special mission from the king of the NETHER"
LANDS, and who was presented at the Levee the
other day, is the same Gentleman who went out to
India, in 1816, as Commissioner-General to receive
and organize the British conquests which our nego-
tiator gave np to Holland at the Congress of Vienna
—conquests which he gave up to her without the
shadow of an equivalent—for equivalent she had it
that time none to offer—the sole return which we
were led to hope for, being justice and moderation
in het future dealings with Great Britain, her disin-
terested benefactress. The Indian Government of the
Netherlands has since been accused by our authorities
of putluing a system of aggrandizement and exclusion
hostile to.the commercial interests of this country, the
object of which is no other than to establish a perma-
nent-savereignty in those vast and opulent regions, by
the renevtal• of all the dormant and obsolete Trcatio,,
which, in the course of two centuries, the Dutch had
imposed upon the natives. The object of Mr. ELOUT'S
mission is to adjust the existing differences with this
country on the subject of the possessions in the In-
dian Archipelago. The fact is, we believe, as we
stated some months ago in our columns, the Dutch,
in virtue of the cessions Made to them, wi bed to
give such a construction to the Treaty by which they
obtained them as would have shut us out entirely
from all commerce in these seas, and left our traders
entirely at the mercy of the Dutch—a very humane peo-
ple in everything that regards commerce. The Britis'i
Government discovered their object, in time to prevent
its being carried into full effect; and, to counteract
the mischief, settled an establishment at Sincapoo-,
under Sir TitOMAS RAFELas. This has been found
to promise such complete success to • the object for
which it was undertaken, that the Dutch flatter them-
selves—vainly we hope—to be able, by negotiation,
to induce Lord Cart.t.zaz.ton to abandon it. We
hope end believe, that the attempt will prove fruitless.

We have been favoured with a letter from a British
Officer of distinction in the Spanish service, which,
speaking of the recent transacticns in the Bonth of
Spain, furnishes us with the following particulars:
0 GRENADA, JULY &
ig Two weeks since a counter-Revolution was ex-
pected to have taken place, but the Captain-General
had timely notice given him by a letter, so that
means wete taken to prevent surprise by doubling
the guards, and keeping the Military under arms for
three days. The object of the Conspiracy was to de-
stroy the Constitution Stone, to declare for the King
and for the ancient Laws. Howeirer, all is quiet at
present, although the Canons and Friars are hard
at work.

" In Malaga there has been a considerable com-
motion. General Coro, the Governor, was deprived
of his comnund, and at midnight escorted oat of the
town by a party of Militia, for he refused to leave his
house till he was forced. There is no fault found
with him; his character is blameless as a Magistrate;
only they say he is not so constitutional as they wished;
but the real truth is, the death of General Lacy still
sticks in their throats, and that is the cause of his dis-
missal. Everybody waits with impatience the deter-
mination of the Cortes, which, if right, will restore
the order of things as formerly in Malaga."

The Paris Papers of Thursday arrived yesterday.
6$ It is with very lively satisfaction," says the Jour-
nal de Paris, " which will be shared by all good
Frenchmen, that we announce that his Majesty con-
tinues to enjoy perfect health. The local debility
which the late attacks of the gout had left is gra-
dually removing, and it is hoped that his Majesty
will soon be able to resume his usual promenades."
The proceedings between General DONNADrU and
some inhabitants of Grenoble, have commence before
the Tribunal- of General Police; and the complaint
of the General being that the above parties have ca-
lumniated his character, should the nature of that
-Court admit a plea of justification, the trial may be
'expected to throw some curious light on the events
which took place while the plaintill commanded at
Grenoble.
'An important motion was made la the Spanish
Cones on the 1 lth instant, the third day of tile Ses-
sion, for increasing the number of Deputies represent-
ing the American Provinces. It will he recollected
that the number of Deputies for Old Spain is calcu-
lated ou a proportion of one for each seventy thossana

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