Star.
London, England, 1817-08-05 00:00:00

TO."Clil LC

WILTS COUNrY GAOL, and 1101) of COREECTMN.
THE JUSTICES .1 the PEACE assembled at
the Wilts Quarter St sloes. having residue(' to Enlarge,
Alter, in.! ao.len Ise COUNIif GAOL 4nd HOUSE of CUR.
REC I lON. at Fel:erten Anger, in the County of Wilts, so as
to provide pioper, separate, and diviner Places of Confine
anent cod Airinj Yard:. for Sixty Farm,. Ten Bridewell and
House of Coerce, ion Prisoners, and Thirts Debtors; and baying
regard to clasivivig the Prisoners according to their Sexes, Crimes,
and Puu•shments, and providing toovenieut Places for the Em-
ployment nt th.. 04 committed to Hare labour: All Persons wil
hng Pl..kNi for this purpoke, are requested to sand
the ,ame. vrtit Evitnates and Fropo.als for their rxreutlos, to
say Office, at Wilton, near Salisbury, on or before the esti day
of August next fwenty hue Gonna' will be paid, as an
honorary ensuperierion, to the Person sett ling the Plan, Ste.
hatch regal be must approved of. but this compensation is not
to be paid in case she Penton sending she sanar shall be after.
wards employed in carrying the same ono execution.
JOHN SWAYNE,
Deputy Clerk of the Peace at the said County.
WILTON, Jutr 28, 1817.

This day was pulthshe I,
Dedicated, by permission, to her Royal litghness the Prinevas
CUA RLUTTZ, handsomely punted in two •ols. Ivo. price, in

hoards, XI. Is. - .
ASERIES of SERMONS on VARIOUS SUB.
siturs of DOCTRINE and PR AC•I ICE.

By the Rev. GEORGE MATHEW, A M.
Chaplain to the Right Hon. the Earl of liri tol. alternate Mom-
log Preacher at the Parizn Con cit of St. Jam-t, W. otnitieter,
alt •rnate Evening Preacher at the Magdalen Hospital, and
Vicar of Greenwich.

Printed for the Author; and sold by F. C. and J. Rik invoa,
At. Nuns Church-yard; and J. Hatchard, Pkcaotily ; sold al.o
by Allen, lad Ricba.rdson,-ln Greenwich.

Tibs day was published, la Folio, Part XXI. of
Eel Yt7 ;Ea
.S.b.irti.es
trhif Onee
i lifiridttedhia,idr.ren En-
Cotton:e, Ig. tvi
nhabitants, Abnitusta, eke. of rhac C:u:it.ryri, selected
from the celebrated work of GsNore, with espla• mime in French
and Ettelisb. Comprised Id I %veiny-one Parts, Price Ss. each.
The Engravings are by M:ddiniau.Landseer, Audinet, Mitan,
Cardon, Comte, Newt. n, Cooke, Taylor. Smith, Ai nistrong,
Dadlev, Morris. 14,41 e. Poole, eai.u-d, P. 4.1., Ice •
The, invasion t., Ecypt by a yoweriul army, accompanied by an
organized society of artsts an.i !tamed. taco, has enabled us to
°lrmo accurate represrinciovs and descripti.ns ot the mew in.
!wresting objects ot ancient arc. Dr. E D. Clark-, whoa, trav Is
are Ina course of publicatiou, having pa.se I through the same
districts as ninon, refers to the plates cornatned to this work a.
illustrative of his volumes. so that this publication tonna a value
ble supplement to the works of that learned t evader.
The following is a general sketch of the suhj c. ain hi. work f
I Pc.etrait, Deflon-4 Geographical Plates—.,o Plates, conskiring
99 cobjects, Views of !dui Idino sod remarkable nal ural objects—
.s Plates to Subjects, Antiquities-8 Piro', 90 Subjects, Pros
traits, Costumes, alsc. —I 5 Platte. WI Archn. ctural subjeer.—gg
Plater,. 447 Subjects. Drawings of H eroglyphics, rely big to
Astronomical Science. Divinities, Ancient Costume, Sacerdotal
Habiliments. Sacrifical Implements, Religious Rites and Cele.
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London: Published by Taylor, and Sherwood and Cs.; sold
by all Booksellers.

D. JAMEs'S FEVER POWDERS, AND
ANALEPTIC PILLS.
ADDRESS TO THE PUBLIC.

WILL not intrude the cause at my ceasing to
I sup* Messrs. Newbery and Sam with the.. Medicines; al!
1 wish to impress on the Public Is, that the Medicines I manufac-
ture, are those with which It has been supplied, from the Mae of
tbel; invention, to my separationfrom hfr. Newbery.

My grandfather, by his Win, (the last and most solemn instru-
ment in a mates Ili%) expressly states, that it being his lasention
topraserwe for the benefit of his son, Robert Harcourt James,
ry Whir') • the secret and method of preparing and making his
ever Powders and Pills, he had already communicated the
secret and method to him, apd bad begun to instruct him ; and
in a Codicil to his Will, made a twelvemonth after ft, and only a
few months before his death, be says, that so soon as certain
charges, which be makes upon the Medicine, in favour of his
other children, may have been paid, that his son (my father)
might sell the Medicine without the intervention of Mr. New-
bery, his Executor.
I ask, Is this consistent with Mr. Wewbery's assertion, that he
possesses-the only Recipes for these Medicines; or with the idea
that he w. acquainted with the secret and method of preparing
them ? Is the circumsiance of the Public having been exclusively
supplied, from the Recipes I possess, consistent with this asser-
tion ? If it be, the conclusion must be, that the Public have been
supplied with spurious Medicines, whilst the Recipes for the ge-
nuine Medicine' I.ave been mouldering In Mr. Newbery's chest.
Are these Facts cbnsistcct any apprehensions, on the part
of my Grandfather, that Mr. Newbery knew the secret, or had
any beneficial right, or interest in the produce of it ? I will only
repeat, which I do without fear of contradiction, that the only
places in London, where the Medians.. can be had genuinely
'manufactured from the Recipes, from •akieh the Public has been
exclueively supplied from the time of the invention of them,
are, the house of my late Grandfather, the Inventor, No. 33,
Bruton-street, and at Messrs. Butler and Sons, Chemists and
Druggists, No. 4, Cheaptade, earner of St. Paul's Church-Yard.

Ai some little delay has tal:tn place in my appointment of an
Agent, and ft'iding that Mr.Newbery has, in that interval,(after
exhausting the stock I had furnialied him with,) sold Medicines
of his own composition under my Grandfather's name, I feel it a
duty I owe to the Public to sacrifice my own Immediate interest,
by offering to receive inch Medicines, and to furnish, gratis, In
return for theta, others, manufactured from the Recipes which
have obtained for the bledichies the very great celebrity they
pours throughout the world. My Grandtither, When he ob •
taluedothe Patents, announced to the world the spocileation of his
Recipe', (wbizti was recorded, but the mos. selebrated Chemists
could never niaiw the Medicines from that specification; if any
one couid' C m all world could, as the Patent Dike Is open to
public inspi.ction.) bet he was continually, als his practice sag-
!gelded, making improvements kr his Mendota, and I deny that
Mr. Newbery is in possession of the same mode of making these
Medicines which I am. From PI, the Public is quite sure to pro-
; cure the geaulne Medicines; and I feel, that after an experience
lof 70 years, the Public will not speculate and administer wapiti
Malisines, in the dangerous disorders to which:mbar are applicable.
Mr. Newbery bar lately faded Us an attempt he nude in the
[Cain of Chaniwry to subotauxiate a Proprietorship in the Medi-
cines. Those only are my &enable Mediehme which have wy
sismarre upon the labels.
Brotowereet‘Berksispopary, A. 0. 0. LAMM.
July, III?.

Have you any thing to communicate to the Corn
matte, for their information, respecting the best con-
witctiwn of the engine or boiler. to produce safety to
patiengers on board —Yes ; I have, during the
comer of my experience, made several high pressure
boilers, ano in turning my attention to that, I was in-
duced to examine what had been done before me ;
and I think we have accomplished the r hject, in mak-
ing a boiler, which I apprehend will Income useless
before itbecomes dangerous.
itlklersa len4intett with-any inithurs of the et-
piosiorr of steam boilers ?—Yea, of both kinds ;
know of one which exploded at Hunslet, near Leeds,
whil,t I w.,s within half a mile of it ; it was a low
pressure boiler ; the cause was the weakness of the
boiler. and the effect was, that all the windows of the
neighbouring manufactory, which were of lead, were
torn out, aid there a great number of the work peo-
ple scalded.

Was the explosion of that bailer owing to the weak-
ness of the metal. or imprdper construction?—lt was,
perhaps, from the weakness of the metal ; f cannot
Answer that question erectly. It wPs a cast iron top;
it was the upper part of the wrought iron, joining to
the east iron, that gave way. Another instance was
It Shrrriff-hill colliery, where the boiler was projec-
ted over the engine hcnse ; there was no other da-
mage done, excepting breaking a capstan.
What sort of a boiler was that ?—lt was a round
wrought iron boiler. Another instance was at the
ovildry near Stourbridge, where the boiler burst, and
oar man was killed.

In all accidents that you know of, did they arise
from the improper construction of the boiler, or from
the ignorance cr mismanagement of the engine-man?
I have no doubt that either the one or the other
caused all the accidents that ever happened.
Are not common or low pressure engines often
used at a higher degree of pressure 111:,n was designed
by the person who construced the boiler ?—Yes, and
particularly in Steam boats. I have had m.re than
nce occasion to correct that, or to remonstrate with
the engine man. I should sly, that this danger is
considerably increased, from a nuuiher of the boilers
on board the Steam Packets having large flat sides.
Do not the engine-men, in many Cases, increase
the pressure of the steam in the boiler, although it be
of no adJitiooal advantage whatever in increasing
the power of the engine ?—Yes, I think I may s:iy
so, it is,iplied to the low pressure engine or condens-
int! engine. The aiditilitial (nice of the steam sub.
jecis the engine to a number of inconveniences.
Have you been concerned in making boilers for
high pressure engines ?—Yes.
Do you think that boilers for high pressure engines
call be so constructed as to become useless before
they are dangerous?--Yes.
Upon what principle ?—Upon the principle of',
having the exterior part et the boiler independent of
the due, so much so that while the flue is injured b!'
the current action of the fire, the exterior part id the
holler remaias, as to stteligth, unimpaired ; and I,
conceive that a boiler thus formed, when the Hue Ills,
been worn very thin, and then exposed to a greater
pressure than it could sustain, the thin parts of the
Hue would act as so many safety-valves. From my,
experience in regard to these boilers, I know that
when they have been worn for some time you cannot
have them tight.
You are speaking here of boilers constructed of
wrought iron I—Yes, I speak of them because I have
so constructed them ; but I have no doubt that cast
iron boilers, if constructed upon the same plan, may
be made equally strong, having the outside of cast
iron and the inner part of wrought iron would do the
same thing.
. Do you, from yoar own experience, believe it pi's-
, able to construct boilers which will bear an export-
sive force of COM:. to an inch ?—Yes; according to
my experience I have taken a good deal of pains to
ascertain the strength of wrought iron plate, and ac•
cording to that I have made wrought iron boilers
that would bear GOOIbs. upon an inch.
Witet degree of pressure have such boilers gene-
rally-been worked with ?—Such boilers have been
worked from 40 to 50Ibs. upon an inch, and previ-
ously to being . worked at all, they have been tried
wigs 150Ibs. to an inch, by water pressure.
Are you then of op?nitin that there is no difficulty
in constructing the high pressure boiler of wrought
iron, in such a manner as to make it perfectly sale ?
—Yes, I am of that opinion, that the bailer may be
constructed of wrought iron, with perfect safety, at a
pressure of .50ibs.

Alter the boiler is.properly constructed, do you
apply any farther safeguards to it t—We adapt two
safety-valves, one in an iron box under lock and key,
and that is only at the contralti of the proprittor, and
the other is open to the engine-man•; and we also
employ a mercurial gauge as an inverted syphon,
which, in the event of the steam being sts(alger than
the mercury can sustain, the inercury will he drivel.
out, and the boiler thereby relieve
Do you consider this mercurial gzuge in any other
light ttian as an additional safety.valve, or a. a con-
trivance isy which notice is given of the pressure
growing too high ?—ln both these respeas I employ
It; I consider that in both those two points of view it
is useful.

Are you of opinion, that if thecommon safety-valves
be properly adapted, the mercurial gauge may be dis-
pensed with ; when I say properly adapted, I mean
sufficient in number and capacity, and one of them
completely secured Iron, the intermriklliny, of the
engine-man ?—I should think a wuuld be sate.
%Void du ylu think respecting cots:par.:tire mischief

prnbshly to arise from the bursting of a high presWve
or a low pressort• boiler ?-111 the high rewire boiler
the ;flinty would b dGne principally by the fray
projt.cted t in the low presme boiler, the
ci.ief iy arise 6i: ;lc from the hot water and steam.
I may menti,,n two instances in illustratism of this; the
first of a Inw pressure twits: having given w I in the
bottom, when a strklm of 1.. e water WAS pileeted
agiinlt the engine rnan,cinsingilis death ; the second
instance was of a high pressure boiler, in which a hole
WAS suddenly op"rid, tt.e water pro.pcted its. if and
completely wetted a Vy standing within a yard nt the
ntiti:c, who was not et therehy. I should
say, the fra?ru%nts t...tm the rest iron boiler would be,
for nny thing that I kn9w, dually destructive either
with a high cr with a low pressure.
What injury do you think is I;kely to arise frros
the bursting of a high pressure t,ruia, composed of
wrought jroa coticeii2 the injury 7.7-1;:ri be more
pastiak /CO ::.;equence •.f she fragments being Urgers
for I do not suppose that the svroup,llt ire% beilti
would be divided into s 3 ;wally parts A% a cast itch
boiler would.

Do you apprehend, that a wrouge:t iron bc,:lce
would burst in the same manner with a can n
boiler ; 1 met.,;, vht•ther the manner of burttirs
would be the sam ?•--`les, I think it would',
Supposing that cast iron boiler to be burst by r'•e
expan►ive Icrce of the steam, does it utualiy rend,
(Jr go into fragment:: l—Cast iron will go into frag-
merts.

What would be tEe effect IV the same force which
would produce exploainn 14,011 a wrought iron boikr
—The probability is, that there would be much (ewer
fragments in the wroughtiriin boiler; rerhAps only two.
Does not the greater tenacity of the wrought iron
prevent the fragments trom b_kmg carried off in the
saute manner as when the cast-iron btuler bursts?-..
M'; I presume, that it the wrought iron boiler bursts,
whatever fragments there are, they Are completely
detached from that boiler, And they will go as f
and do as much mischief as those of a ea .t iron one.

Are the fragments separated from the wrung ht iron
boiler t,y explusion, iu the same manna as they are
from a cast iron boiler ?—Yes; they would be ph-
jecteci with equal furce, under equal circumstances.
Whi n I say that the wrought iroa will tends I ant
also of opinion, that a part of it niay be projected;
I have an imme.hate eye to the circumstalice of ore
part of it beiog s. pasted, anal tlEit the onc part
would be carried with as much violence ia the cast
iron as in the wrought iron.
Is there not a greater probability in the wronght
iron boiler rending, an not separating into frag-
ments ?—I know that one wrought iron boiler burst
with a high ples•tirz• steam ; aid a fr•gment, the
lar :est piece, was carried to the distance of 11.0 yards.
Was that a piece of the wrought 4;11 ?—Yes.
Have you any thing to add !o that part of yam
answer ?—?4,..
You have said, that the boilers which you mann.
facture are gener.:lly made of wtought Om, ; what is
your renson for preteriing the wo ught to the cast
iron ?—I was induced Iron the examinatien of stet..
rat cat .t iron boilers, which I found cracked or bro.
ken in the lower part of them, which in my opinion
arose frtra the oni.qoal temperature and expitesi;.n
in the exterior put the boiler; this nr.equal ter!.
pntature is caused by a quantity of w.,ter at a:: tirrws
under the Sue, and conseqta:atly of lower temrrattre
than the water above the flue; ilie:ehy cat: into the
orot-r part of the boiler to exF•nd in si greater r.t.if)
than t ;a: under part of the ',de:4 :it tnyeploi4R
caused the iractores alluded to. T'+;; cir...:irnetance
induced me to make use of wrow,ht oor. ho7er., as I
have explained or ilestcrihedin prefererve ; o the ether.
In a Steam-Boat, what boiler weald you most re.
commend to be used to insure safety to the persons
on board ; a wrouF,hi it n tar a cast-iron lonkr ?—A
wrought iron beiler, properly constructed.
What safi ty.volves would you recommend to be
placed to boiler on board Steam-Boats, to insure
the greatest safety, or to guard against the boilers ex-
ploding, I mean as to rumba ?--I recommend at teat:
two gamy valves—the (ale to be placed under the loch
and key of the proprietor of the vessel, so teemed as
not to be acces.ible to the engine man, and one which
the engine man has the usual controul of.
H ive you any thing to recoil:mold v:ith regard 'o
the partieillar coustruction of these safety valve's, so
as to insure their acing and constant operation ?—I
would recommend the valve to be nearly flat or quite
so, which I apprehend would be kw liable to be ho.
mord by the Jiff...xi-nee of temperature to which the
valve atia the seat might occasionally be sulijetbd.
I suppose such a safety valve would not be liable
to be impeded by much friction?—As little ft iction
as perhaps can be.
You have not any thing particularly to suggest? No.

Ml%6ry Dal again raged in aid f =pained.
Can you intoriu the l untnttttec, ~r •ive them any
eeneral ti.-.t w!:at alumna. 01 capi:al is vested in
Steam Enar.?-1 have been on board and am well
acqu.:inied with twenty; and know that there are
more than forq in Great Britain. Many h..ve cost
4.5000, ~titers ati:oo0, and one on the Thaiws alove
.t.'W,OOO; l consi.rer a lair average to be ati:oo
CACiI; making the vested capital Al 10 ,000 141st of
thou are tifird up with peculiar elegance old ac-
conieoLl..tir.n, and the inrtriture and decorations alone
io: rn exi:ensiee icon i they are also %ay cxpenti:o
to rnaintax, especiallY oil the 'flume% by reason of.
y:oat cost r.t curl. They are n.on natal:4;ns :et
the Clyde, whaVtlrey have Lien pr.iductive of y=7411-
641 hLnelit to the co:am. rce and ttsi.c of
Glasgow, Port c;;a•zow, Gieela.•:::, rad the neigh.
bouriug country.
What descripiioa of: en,tioc:s and boilers have the
'S!eam 13Lat5 )..:a pavoitaily or with which
you are perfectly acquaiiit;ill—P.ll I know have.
low pressure condensing engint 5, and wramp,ht :beet
iron ',vetted btaier., escnit the remaining Stem
Boats kt awn nmtb ard Nu: ancione
T.:;. at 1. ; aad lacy are Wall pre.-
,suic

THE EVENING STAR.

I .0 N DON.

TUESDAY, AUGUST 5, 1817.

PRICE OF S FOCKS THIS DAY A 1' TWELVE O'CLOCK
Reduced 7311—Collin', 78i 79—Consol fur Auguat
4 per Cent. 96ii—!, per Ceut. Navy, 1041 f
India Rondo i 12 ;13 yr.—Exchequer Bali 334.365. pr.

It is impossible to calculate the unforeseen conse-
quences which, at a future period, may result from the
following Protest of the Empress MARIA LOUISA, ad-
dressed to the Congress of Vienna, against the occupa-
tion of the French Throne by the Bourbon dynasty.
This document was originally written in French, and is
put into English from a retranslation into French, now
done. from a German version,deposited in the Archives
of the City of Frankfort. Our Readers will see, that
this important claim was ordered to be entered on the
Protocol, and registered in the Archives of the Con-
gress, by the concurrence of the Emperor of AUSTRIA,
lies father, and the Emperor of Rus.lA.
PROTEST
• OF THE EX EMPRE3S MARIA LOUISA.

14 Maria L'itlia3i Empress, Archduchess of Aus-
tria, Duchess of Parma, in our name, during the mi-
nority of our beloved Son and Sovereign, and in the
name of our Sun, Charles Francis Napoleon, as legi-
timate possessor of die Imperial Throne of France.
" The distance at which we are kept from our
hereditary States, and the absence f the Members of
our Government preventing us from claiming the
admission of a hliuister to represent us at the Con-
gress now assembled at Vienna, and the desire of
giving lull authenticity to our reclamation in behalf,
of our beloved Sovereign and Son, have induced us,
in imitation of our immortal Ancestor, of glorious
memory, Maria Theresa, to take the resolution of
layieg before the above-mentioned Congress, a de.
clar.t:i:in of the riz! is of cur beloved Son to the
Crown el France, and a developement of the princi-
ples on which they ate founded, to the end that it be
known to Europe, and the French nation, that it has
never been our intention willinBly to renounce the
Imperial Throne of France, on %%ilk.. it ri.w.ed
DiviNe PROVIDENCE to place us.
" We will not here tecall to mind the disasters
which deprived the House of Bourbon of the French
Throne. We will rather throw a veil over the reruns
of Princes, and the faults of ustions. We will not
defend the work of factious and revolutionary pro-
ceedings ; but., we will declare, that there exists a
public law of immutaLle nature, which binds nations
to Princes, a law of policy, containing the principles
upon wkich Sovereigns ought to conciliate their rights
and interests, v. ith certain rights and liberties, which
are the preo.:rty of their subjects.
" A series of fatal events put
,gn enti.to Royalty
•ih France. All Europe took up arms to sustain or
restore a *Flu. ne which its possessor was unable to
maintain ; a Throne which had sunk into nought
through the flight of the Princes and Nobility, which
were its natural supporters, and perhaps through the
violent cause of a popular wili, unrestrained in its mil-
r:crs,.:Lions.

-: unfortunate Louis XVI. and his Son, pc.
' rishesi ~i.cessieely. Their legitimate heirs forfeited
their ci lims to the-Crown, by their free egress from
the Kingdom, and their retreat into an enemy's
.ct.untry. The nation no longer hotrod to its legiti-
mate Princes, WAS restored to its natural right of
election. The other nations of Europe considered
these disasters as the work of political fanaticisM, and 1
a spirit of rebellion. They' ih consequence took :up
arms, and penetrated into the; !mitt pc France. TOO..
success, however, was but of ebßrt,cfstration. France
soon expelled them from her invaded territory, and
maintained her independence. The powers of Eu-
rope must then have observed, that whatever had
originally led to this result, the Government of
France was changed de facto and de jure, and that it
belonged to the French people to institute such form
of Government for themselves as was best suited to
the circumstances of the times.
" In this state of things, every tie was dissolved
between France and the Bout bons ; between the
Bourbons and•the other Sovereigns of Europe. The
. Family Compact, the Treaty of Personal Guarantee,
was cancelled by theinfluence of circumstances; in a
political sense the Bourbons were no more.
" The independence of France under the new Go-
vernment of her choice was dice acknowledged by
the very Powers who at present compose this Coe- I
grew. Qii the sth April, 1795, the treaty of Bale
was signed between France and Prussia: on the 22d
. July, same year, windier Treaty was signed at Bale,
rbetween Republican France and Spain. The latter
Power, on the 7th Jun,. in the following year, tun- I
eluded a 'nem) of Alliance with the Executive Di-1
rectory. The C.,urts of Sardinia and Na; lee signed,
in the course of that same year, the first on the 15th
Islay, the other on the loth Octobei, a Treaty with
that same Republican G,,vernmeni. The Pope, the
minor States of Germany and Italy, solemnly tic.
knowledged also the new Goverenient of France
Austria signed the Treaty.* ..Campo Formica with
the Directory, and that of • Lueeville with the First
Consul. England, by the .Treaty. of Amiens, Ist of
October, 1801, Spain by that. p 1 27th March, 1802,
Russia by that of Bth October, 14:308, acknowledged
successively the Consular Golrsrnment, which pro.
Claimod% general Peace on the sillith Brumaire, 10th
yeasiiillet Republic.
4C.irhe Act which raised the altars again, and gave
,o, o the Gallican Church, which brought back
..
Ocrley
, checked false doctrines, and substituted ,
1
~;.,
'. .

the true belief in their lieu. The Concordat, in a 1
word, of which the beneficial effects will long be felt
by religion, put the seal, as it were, to those transac-
tions of State policy, by which a Government diffe-
rent from that of the ancient Monarchy was solemnly
recognized by all Europe. Who at that time suspec-
ted the Princes of the House of Bourbon, of enter-
' twining rights of Sovereignty over France ? That
which has perished, can it rise again ? If these
Princes had no legal rights then, what rights can they
have now ? The French people unquestionably en-
joyed the plenitude of their rights under the Consular
Government ; at that period, when, to give greater
stability to institutions which had put an end to the
evils of the Revolution, and to give to Europe a
pledge of that stability, the French people bestowed
on the First Consul, Bonaparte, the Consular power
for We.

" The new organization of the State, in harmony
with the genius of its first Magistrate, was consoli-
dating itself daily, and it would have accomplished
the most sanguine wishes of the French people, were
not the life of man limited to a small number of
years, to impress these new institutions with a fresh
character of permanency, to make them copespond
with the Governments of the other States of Europe,
the nation substituted for the Consular Power the
Impel( Power, which it rendered hereditary in the
,iiir
family Napoleon Bonaparte. The citizens of the
towns, the Contemner, and the smallest hamlets, cover-
ed with their names the registers, wherein the ques-
tion of the esection of the Empire, and of the election
of Napoleon Bonaparte, was submitted to them
He was elected and proclaimed with acclamations.
He received the oath of allegiance from his subjects.
The temples resounded with thanksgivings from the
People to the Divinity. The Clergy, in the holy
office of the mass, prayed for his person and for his
family, and soon the venerable Chief of Christendom
came in person to consecrate in the Metropolitan
Church, a power which the Emperor Napoleon had
tilt then only held from the hands of the People.
" What Was then wanting to the legitimacy of his
Crown ? Had he not received it horn Gou and his
country ? In other terms, from divine right and from
national right ?
o Europe adopted these principles, and Napoleon
assumed :he rank assigned to him among Sovereigns,
by the extent and power of his Empire. Austria ac-
knowledged the Emperor Napoleon on the 26th De.
amber, 1805, by the Treaty of Presburg—tlte So-
vereigns of Bavaria and Wortembnig were his Al-
lies, the same Treaty raised them to the Rov,lDig-
nity. " On the 11th December, 1807, the Ereroar of
Saxony received, by virtue of the Treaty of Posen,
concluded with Napoleon, the title of King. ;Did
Europe dispute the legitimacy of these titleh-ema-
nated from the Imperial Power and from France ?
44 Prussia acknowledged the French Empire and
the Emperor Napoleon, by the Treaty of Tilsit,
July 9, 1807. The Emperor of Rdssia preserved
his army, amounting to about 200,000 men, by vir-
tue of this same Treaty, which acknowledged, not
only the French Empire and the Emperor Napoleon,
but also the existence as Kings of the Princes of the
Imperial Family. Finally, the Treaties of lath Oc-
tober, 1809, and 6th January, 1810, between Swe-
den and France, completes the acts of external po-
licy, which consolidate the dynasty thus seated on tire
throne of France. All continental Europe, indeed,
was the ally' of the Emperor Napoleon.
6 4 The family alliances of the Emperor Napoleon
with the most August Sovereign Houses, tended to
consolidate the social compact is established in
France. His strong/5, cemented institutions ensured
the stability of the monarchical form of Government
he tad restored ; they oppose,' an invincible barrier
to the invasion of the democratic system. The Re-
volution. of France has taught nations to look too
closely into what passes in the Cabinets of Princes.—
It was under the guarantee of the Constitution of the
French Empire—under that of the treaties and of
i the alliances of foreign Sovereigns, that I became the
Consort of Napoleon. It was under those same gua-
orantees that Prince Charles Francis Napoleon, born
of our union, grounds his claim to the French throne,
which claim the Princes assembled at this Con-
gress have so often acknowledged to be legitimate.
A fatal war broke out. The Emperor Napoleon
was overcome. You, Sovereigns assembled in Con-
gress, arrived in his capital at a moment when fa-
voured by disorder, a conspiracy manifested itself in
favour of the Princes of the House of Bourbon. You
might have dictated to Napoleon in his capital such
terms as kvere calculated to restore a due balance be-
tween Powers, you would thus have consolidated in-
stitutions, whence arose the common strengths and
the commen safety. This Treaty would have been
faithfully observed : we have a lull confidence thereof.
Influenced by the generous hope of putting a
speedier end to the evils of war, and of sparing the
effusion. of blood, you put aside the tights of the Efts-
perm Napoleon—you nested with those Princes to
?rams the conspiracy had giver. the Crown ; what
lustre could such Princes shed upon royalty ?—The
Emperor Napolecn at the head of an army, not
numerous, but brave and faithful, might have de.
fended his Crown; but to spare Lis subjects a civil
war, he had already resolved to abdicate in favour of
4i: eon. Such was his determination manifested to the
Allied Powers by the Dukes of Tarentum, Vicenza,
and the Prince de la Moskowa, which determination
them powers viewed at first in its right light ; that is,
as calculated to secure the tranquillity of Europe.
Events o Inch it belongs not to us to characterise,
caused those just resolutions to be revoked. The
Emperor was obliged to sign an unconditional abdi-
cation on the llth April, 1814; on thataame day he
sebscribed the tteaty of personal safety, which maintain-
ing his title of Emperor, assigned to yam the Island
of. Elba as his place of abode, and confirmed .to him
the sovereignty over its territory.
" The sth article of the same treaty assigned to me
the sovereignty of the Estates of Parma, transmissible
to my son and his descendants.
" I will not discuss the merits of these treaties in
respect of the Emperor Napoleon. They are more or
less binding on him, in proportion as be exercised his
will more or less freely is sigoilog them. Nit will.

.

simply siy. that he had not the power of disposing,
alter his life, of the Crown which his son received as
his birth-right from the French nation and its consti.
tutioral laws.

If the Sovereigns of France, no more than the
other principal Sovereigns of Europe, have never
been able to break through the established rule of
succession in their own families, so as to transmit
their Crown to their second or third son, to the pre-
judice of their first born, how comes it that the Em.
peror N ipolext should be able to deprive the Prince
Charles Francis Napoleon of his right of inheritance,
in order to transfer it into foreign hands ? Can a
conspiracy have destroyed by its irregular acts the
force and virtue of the laws of the French Empire ?
Can it have destroyed the royalty which the Prince,
my son, holds of divine, as well as national right ?
The Princes whom this consp:racy has put upon the
Throne of my son, fully admitted these principles
themselves, when they refused to acknowledge the
acts of the Government, styled provisional. Ten
years of free Government, acknowledged by all the
Powers in Europe, at a time when the name of Bona
parte was not yet inscribed in the annals r f war—
fifteen years existerce of an Empire, the social con-
ventions of which establish the rights of the Emperor
Napoleon, and those of his dynasty, rendered indis-
putable the legitimacy of his Crown.
rs When, during my residence at Blois, I exercised
the authority of Regent, I appealed to the devotion
of Frenchmen, I received the strongest testimonies of
their love and seal for the cause of their legitimate
Prince. The presence of your armies, and the ten-
dency of your policy, forbade me to respond to the
wishes of that faithful nation. The fate of nations
being submitted to your award, your object will no
doubt be to conciliate their rights and wishes with the
rights and interests of Sovereigns, Circumstances
have deprived my Son of his Sovereignty over the
French Nation, and both himself and his People are
equally injured in their rights by this fatal result of
the late course of events. In this state of things, we,
in our quality of Empress and of Mother, and before
any authentic resolution be taken by the Congress,
protest, by the present deed, against all acts of the
existing Government of France, which has been esta.
blished to the prejudice of the legitimate Heir to the
Throne.

‘, We protest, likewise, in our own name, as well
as in that of the Prince Charles Francis Napoleon,
presumptive Heir to and Possessor by right of the
'French Crown, against all resolutions of the High
Powers as,embled at Congress, whether taken collet-
L tively or individu.illy. and tending to impair the rights
of the Prince my Son to the said French Crown.
" The Throne of the Prince Charles Francis Na-
poleon is that raised by the French Nation, such as it
existed at the time when its choice and election called
the Emperir Napoleon to the Head of its Govern.
ment. But if, in the arduous struggle in which it
has been engaged, the French Empire has been con-
strained by the force of arms to sign the Treaty of
Parr, we think it just. inasmuch as respects the terri.
tories not torin'ng part of present France, thit the
conditions thereof be faithfully and for ever observed.
To this end we here declare, that the present Protest
solely applies to the illegal occupation of that terri-
tory of France constituting the present Monarchy.
" Having thus developed her claims. the Empress
Maria..Loursa, Archduchess of Austria, Duchess of
Parma, &c. representing the Prince Charles Francis
Napoleon, her Son, a Minor, requests of the justice
and magnanimity of the Allied Powers, that the
subject or her claims be submitted to the deliberation
lof Congress ; and that an acknowledgment of the
present Protest be delivered unto her, in order that
she may produce it whenever it may please DIVINE
PROVIDENCE to afford her time and place for that
purpose.

fg In faith of which, and to give all due authen-
ticity to the present Protest, she has affixed to it her
seal, and written it in her own hand, at the Palace of
Scboeribrun, Feb. 19, 1815.

(L. S.) " MARIA LOUISA. IMperaftite.
‘‘ The High Powers assembled at Congress, after
having deliberated, in their Sitting of the '24th of
February, on the present Reclamation of her Impe.
rial Majesty Maria Louisa, conformably to the opi-
nion of his Imperial Majesty the Emperor of all the
Russias, of his Imperial and Royal Majesty the Em-
peror of Austria, the Father of her Imperial and
Royal Majesty the Empress Maria Louis i ; and from
the respect due to the personal character of her Ma-
jesty the Empress, have resolved that the Act ema-
nated from her the 19th of February, commencing
by the words • Maria Louisa,' and ending by those,
written by her hand,' shall be inscribed in the Pro-
tocole of the Acts of the Congress.
The French Ministers having protested against
this decisive, have abstained from signing it."

At this moment the King of PRUSSIA and a great
number of diplomati.ts are assembled at Carlsbad.
Our Readers know that it is no unusual thing for
people to spend a portion of the summer at this mi-
tering place ; but, notwithstanding the common mo•
tive of resort, it is surmised, in private letters, that
some of the visitors are there for the c nwenience of
hexing political discussions unshackled by the usual
ceremonies of regular diplomatic intercourse.

The G:rman Congress has finished its Session ;
but another is talked of for the purpose of taking
into consideration the• affairs of Spain and Portugal
in relation to their colonies. • Let us hope that no
such foolish project is actually contemplated by any
of the Powers. It is true that much has bees said re-
specting particular negociations between Russia and
which some are inclined to think may eVtik.
'Gaily involve this country in hostilities; but.,ranch of
this is as ;irs mere speculation; though it is;poslsible
that iertaic contingencies might render it imperative
on this country to interfere. Aiz.la.Chapelle is the
place spoken of for the cocsideration of the affairs of
South America. •

Letters from Oporto, dated the 15th ultimo, state
that seven vessels, with-troops on board, sailed on the
9th, under convoy of the Don Pedro, 44 guns, Cap-
tain Shx.ros. Tbtir dtsuuititin was not knuva.