Star.
London, England, 1820-07-24 00:00:00

THE REPRESENTATIVE SYSTEM.

All who have attended to the progress of political
events since " the peace of Europe," as it was called,
was settled, about seven years ago, instead of being
surprised at some recent changes which have filled
the adherents of tyranny, despotical, and stipersti-
, don, with dismay and terror, are amazed that mat-
ters have remaii4d so long quiet. The basis of the
general system then recognized by the European
Powers was, that Representative Governments should
be established throughout the different Kingdoms
and States. But how slow have been their respective
Rulers to redeem the pledge then given to the Peo-
ple, and which the latter were taught was to re-
ward them and their posterity for the exertions and
sacrifices then made to overwhelm and destroy
the tyrant who had reduced all the old Conti-
nental Governments to a state of degrading vas-
salage. In various quarters the People have had
the courage to remind their Sovereigns of the
promise to which they stood pledged ; but only
in one or two small States, in which the Rulers saw
that their own weakness was such as, without the
cordial help and co-operation of their people, must
leave them exposed to become the prey of some more
rapacious and more powerful neighbour—only in one
or two of these petty States has any faith been kept
with the subjects. Procrastination, on various pre-
texts, has been the general line of policy ; and where
the impatience of the people has excited secret alarm
in the Rulers, evasions and fraudulent interpretations
have been imposed on the implied contract.—" Oh
yes, you shall have a Representative system—Pro-
vincial States: let this satisfy you, and be thankful
for the boon." Will this satisfy the different Ger-
man States ?—No, never.

In one kingdom (Spain), the Monarch, when re-
stored by the loyal exertions of a generous people,
pledged himself to uphold the Constitution which
had been established during his captivity; but no
sooner did he find himself again seated on the throne
of his ancestors, than he repaid the brave men who
had laboured and fought for him with bonds, im-
prisonments, and death. Could their fellow-subjects,
their fel ow -campaitions in arms, behold such con-
duct with i ndifference ?—I mpossi ble ! The spirit of
jus;ice roused the military in different quarters, and,
in consequence, one or two premature attempts were
made to overthrow the new tyranny. Having failed,g
the leaders and abettors, as might be expected, were
pursued, and punished with rigour. But was this
spirit extinguished? On the contrary, it was ex-
tended, and the disaffected were rendered cautious.
Their next blow was decisive. The King of SPAIN
conductwded to promise, and the friends of justice
and humanity took care not to part with the means
they had now secured to enforce performance.
A similar spirit pervades all the Continental states
in which good faith bath not been kept with the
People. In Naples it has produced some ft uit al-
ready, and, 1..-e doubt not, will yield a ripe harvest in
the end, though there may yet be some Autumn
thunder-storms. The French Papers have at last
broken silence on this subject; their statements are
given in another column ; and the next arrivals (tom
Naples will bring farther details. In the interim we
learn that the dread of the example of the Neapoli-
tans being followed by the people in the North of
Italy, has induced the Austrian Government in that
quarter to redouble its vigilance and rigour.
A Letter of the 13th instant, from Milan, says :
" Several arrests have been recently made, and the
Austrian Government have had information of a Se-
cret Society, composed of nearly 200 Officers who
served under BONAPARTE, and the greater part of
whom are now living in Piedmont. Since this infor-1
oration, the Austrian Resident at Sesto Cellenda has
received instructions to allow no person without a
passport to cross the Lake Maggiore, even for an
hour. This order is rigidly enforced, and many Ita-
lians, who come to Sesto from Piedmont, with pass-
ports only for the day, are placed under surveillance;
but the watchers and the watched are equally in-
fected with the revolutionary spirit."

We understand that another communication was'
made to her AlAansvr on Saturday, with a view to an
adjustment, but that it was indignantly rejected.

Jazhaica Papers arrived this morning to the 11th
June. The following are extracts:

KINGSTON, JUNE 10.

• The Cordelia has arrived from Rio de la Ruche,
and has on board three Captains, twenty-four Lieu-
tenants, one Cadet, five Medical Staff, two Serjeants,
and three rink and file of the Hibernian Legion.--

The Genital Drummond has two Lieutenants, one'
Stat fait Serjeants, and sixty-satren rack and file '
Brion left Rio de la Hache-on the 4th inst. aftt.l
setting fire to the place, which- occasioned the fork
to blow up the following day : his destination is not
,knoirn, but it is said for St. Domingo.
Extract of a Letter from Rio de la Roche, dated
96th Map," On the 17th, Colonel Montillo re-
treated with his forces to Rio de la Hache. On the
evening of the 18th the Spaniards, or Royalists,
made their appearance in 'the bushes, and on the
morning of the 19th made an attack. The Creoles
were forced to retreat, bui the Irish brigade nisimhed
out, and the Royalists made a stand only for a short
time, being soon beaten, and obliged to retreat with
great loss. The ILOyalist force was 1,500, and the
Patriots SOO. The Royalists then encamped three
miles from Rio de la Hackie, and on the following
morning all the Ine:pendent force, about 700, with
three pieces of artillery, sallied out, attacked, and
completely defeated them, with great loss. The
roads of their retreat were covered with dead. The
. .
Patriots had about 50 wounded."

Quebec Papers have arrived to the 17th June, but
they do not contain any news.

We have received. Chili Gazettes to the 19th of
February, which fwn'sh us with the following Offi-
cial Documents relating to- Lord COCHRANES Expe-
dition against Chili :
" on board the goletta Montezuma, in tb •
Port of Valdivia, 4th February, 1820.

Sit—l bad the honour to inform you from Talcahuano, that
I had availed myself of the opportunity of communicating with
Colonel Freire on the most advisable means of expelling the
enemy front the South of Chili, and delivering that country from
future incursion. This zealous and active Officer was thus en-
abled, on the 2Sth ult. to furnish me with troops and other assist-
ance. In consequence, the O'Higgins, the brig Intrepid, and
the goletta Montezuma, set sail with a favourable wind, and on
the 2d inst. reached the positkna determined upon, 10 leagues to
the South of Valdivia. There the troops were embarked on
board the two smaller vessels, which, quitting the O'Higgins,
proceeded to the place called the English Watering-place. where
we anchored at a proper distance from the Battery and Fort of
Sao Carlos. At sun-set the troops disembarked, but not with.
out being fired on by the Castles, nor Until the enemy had found
time (in consequence of the delay occasioned by the breakers an
the shore) to collect a considerable force behind the rocks.
" Having landed without difficulty, the marines of the O'Hig-
gins and Intrepid, together with the land forces, put the enemy
to light, and pursuing him to the English fort and fort San Car-
los, obtained possession of the first immediately. The other was
taken by assault alter night-fall, in spite of tal the efforts which
the enemy made to defend it.
" The rapidity with whisk we captured the forts attd batteries
of the Avanzada, Barro, Aitargos, and Chorocomayo, can only
be compared with the valottr and resolution of the Officers and
troops who entered with the enemies they pursued into the castle
of Corral, the last point which remained. Thee fell all the batte-
ries and foto of the Southern Bank, the artificial force of which
is nothing compared with that which nature herself has afforded.
" I herewith inclose the Reports of Majors Beauchef and Mil-
ler, the former commanding the brave detachment of 250 men,
with which Colonel Freire assisted me, the other commanding
the Marines. Of the gallant conduct of these two Officers, as
well as of Captain Erezcano, who commanded the detachment
of the Intrepid, and of the other officers, I can say nothing in
praise which will not fall short of their deserts ; and I insist,
therefore, recommend them, in expressive silence, to she coital-
deration of his Excellency the Supreme Director.
" I had almost forgotten to mention, that the forts and bat-
teries mount in all about 70 pieces of cannon, and that we have
taken in the port, the frigate Dolores. I have the honour to be,
&c. (Signed) " COCHRANE.
" To Col. Don J. I. Zenteno, Minister of War and Marine."

Then foUow the Reports addressed to Lord coots-
RANE by Major BRAUCHET and Major Miume : after
which come the other Dispatches of Lord CocuRANE :

" Port of Valdivia, sth February.
K gni—Having resolved to avail myself of the advantages ob-
tained yesterday by our valiant officers and troops, the Monte-
zuma this morning passed the forts of Niebla and blancera, in
company with the brig Intrepid, and both anchored beyond the
Are of the Corral, without having received any other damage
than two balls which struck the brig. The troops immediately
embarked in those two vessels, to enter the river and take pos-
session of the enemy's bead-quarters in the battery of Picijo ;
but scarcely had we set sail when, the O'Higgins appearing off
the rock of Gonzalo, in the mouth of the harbour, the garrison
abandoned the works and Red with precipitation.
" Our plan being varied by this unexpected retreat of the
enemy, the Montezuma and Intrepid approached the land as
close as possible, and disembarked the troops at Niebla, whilst
the tide served for the boats to transport them to Valdivia.—
Thus have been directed against the enemies of liberty and in-
dependence, the hundred pieces of artillery of their own castles,
forts, and batteries.—Gon preserve you, &c.
(Signed) " COCHRANE."
" Head-quarters, Valdivia, February i.
" Stn—The troops bad alieady entered the boats, in order to
pursue the flying garrison as far as Valdivia, when we saw a
Rag of truce coming down the River. By this, we were is-
formed that the enemy had abandoned the city in the greatest
consternation, after having plundered several private houses, as
well as the public magazines. We, on our part, have omitted
nothing to protect the people; who, easily distinguishing their
friends from their oppressors, have furnished us with all neces-
sary assistance for the preservation of order. Those individuals
who had abandoned their Louses begin already to return; and I
hope that the Governor, whom the people will have to elect to-
morrow, will consolidate order and tranquillity. Meanwhile, I
have issued a Proclamation, assuring the inhabitants that they
shall not suffer the least molestation, and that the armed force
shall not interfere, in any manner, in civil affairs.—Goa preserve
you," &c. (Signed) " COCHRANE."
" To Col. Don J. I. Zenteno, Minister of War and Marine."
Letters have been also received from Lord Coot-
RANI of as late a date as the 10th of April last.—
According to them, the services of his Lordship
were duly appreciated by his adopted country, and
rewards were pouring in upon him. The Govern-
ment had made him a present of 20,000 acres of
valuable land. The Supreme Director O'Huinins,'
and General SAN MARTIN consulted him on all oc-
casions; and these three leading characters rivalled
each other in patriotism, exertion, and zeal.
His Lordship speaks in the highest terms of praise
of the equipment, discipline, and spirit of the army
and navy ; and observes, that if a people ever de-
served liberty and ihdependence, it is the people of
Chili. The preparations for the attack on the Vice-
royalty
of Lima were carrying on with great activity,
and his Lordship expresses his confidence in the re-
sult. An Officer of the Staff of General BoLIVAR
had been some time in Chili; he had been sent by
the Commander-in-Chief from Santa Fe de Bagota,
through a port in Choco, to combine a plan for a si-
multaneous attack by sea and land on Guayaquil,
and other connected movements on Lima.

THE QUEEE

. •

A Requisition bits been presented to the Sheriit ef
Middlesex, al a great number of Freeholders, to ad-
dress the QUERN, and to prepare Petitions to both
Houses
_ezainst the Bill.
Mr: MICHAEL ANOELO TAYLOR, Recorder, aid
Messrs. LEAVER and Deer, Members for Poole, pie-
sented an Address to her MAJESTY on Saturday, 1,/
which she returned the following gracious Answer :
1 accept with gratitude this loyal and affectionate. Atklte,'
from the Merchants and other Inhabitants of the Tvwn and
County of the Town of Poole. When they speak of the tare
/More Charlotte as the best hope of the Nation, and of the late
beloved King as the kind protector of my innocence, their las-
gus.ge isin perfect unison with the conviction-of my annul, and
with the feelings of my heart.
"‘ I feel no imiCietude ahotit the result of the present Ittzek
upon my honour and my peace. The charges against rat in ims
had no other origin than malice, and no other support than it/.
jury. The charges against me in 18:0 will be fontid to
equally destitute of prom.
" I should have been humiliatea beneath contempt is I h. a
suffered my character to become an affair of pentniai% t.,10....
lation. I should instantly have been deprived of ti;
respect which is the basis of virtue, as well as b..ve tnrteir...l
thp esteem of this noble nation, if, in a lute attewpt at titgu-
ciation on the part of my accusers, I had exhibited a •,,itit
worthy of a British Queen: If there can be any Cati.ll:lC'tva
In what is sordid in seutintent and debased in condi rt, I
tingly resign that to the pusillanimity of my adversaries.
" If I can, in any ikay, contribute to the hapi,iness of
nation, I shall always consider the atsgmentation r.f t!tat '-
nets as an accession to my own. My welfare is the -.1,:!!!...rt.
the people; their good is my good; and their prosperity is :!
highest exultation.
" I should feel myself unworthy of the elevated station sehieti
I occupy if I could approve the practice, or cherish the seorinient
of revenge. That principle ought to have no residence in any
Royal breast.
" If England was not my native country, the people ef Tt .-
fand have rendered it as dear to me as the Ir.ltd of nativity.
In their enlightened sentiments of justice, in ;ilea gi.notous ;:f-
-fections, sad in their steady loyalty, I possess strength whir':
no menace can shake, and a comfort which no adversity
take away."
ROCHESIIIR ADDRESS.—The MAYOR haring
fused the Requisition, and the sere -of the Halt, t',..
Meeting for aLdressing the QUEEN was I:eid
Market-room on Friday. The Meeting was nurneroy,.
and respectable, and the Resolutions, t . .1...-
dress, were carried without a ciis.entient ve. c . A
deputation, consisting of the late and present Mem-
bers for the City, with several other (Jen:Lenten,
waited on the Quit EN on Saturday, when her MAJ ES i'Y
fixed Wednesday for receiving the Address.
CITY OF CANTRItRURY.—CoNIION HALL.—A nu-
merous and respectable Meeting of the Freemen and
Inhabitants of the city of Canterbury took place on
Friday, " to take into consideration the ptoseedings
instituted against her MAJESTY:~ The MAYOR opened
the proceedings by reading the Requisition, which he
stated was signed by forty-four most respectable in-
habitants; but said, as he did not exactly agree with
the Requisitionists, he should svithdraw. It must be
observed that at tlii3 time the MAYOR did not know
the purport of the Address or Resolutions; he then
withdrew amidst considerable marks of disapproba-
tion. Mr. Alderman COOPER was afterwards unani-
mously called to the Chair, when Mr. CHAI.K ad-
dressed the Meeting, and proposed a series of Reso-
lutions, which, with the Address were cat ried unani-
mously. On the business of the Hall being fioished,
the assemblage gave three times three cheers for her
MAJESTY:

The Count VA.V.SALI returned to the Continent on
Saturday. He is.to be the conductor of witnesses from
Italy in favour of ber MAJZSTY.

Previous to the meeting of the House of Lords for
the dispatch of public 'business on Saturday, Dr.
LusuntotoN and Mr. WILDE, Counsel for theQuEEN,
were in attendance, it was said, for the purpose of
supporting the prayer of a Petition from her Maitsxv,
the object of which is to entreat the House to grant
to her MAJESTY (as the list of the witnesses to be
called against her has been refused) a list of the
places in which it may be intended to allege that her
conduct has been characterized by licentiousness.
From the thin attendance of Peers, however, or fr om
some other cause, the presentation of the Petition did
not take place. It is expected that it will be laid be-
fore the House this day.
Ainong other subjects of .annoyance to which her
MAJESTY is at present exposed are the proffers of
kind,friends" to suppress facts and doyments
which may assist her prosecutors in establishing their
charges. Her MAJESTY has invariably declined the
interference of these persons, and has desired that
they may take their commodities to a market where
they may be more acceptable. There has been a
proffer of a like nature from a Baron, formerly no-
torious in this country, but lately resident at Dunkirk.
It has met with a similar reception.
Her MAJESTY has concluded her treaty for Bran-
denbutgh House. She has taken it for six mcn:i.s
certain, together with the beautiful and extensive
grounds attached to it, at the rate of one hundred. and
fifty pounds a month. Major ROPER conducted tie
negotiation on the part of the Margravine of .IN-
/MACH. The mansion was formerly the residence ut
the celebrated Buss DODDINGTON.

The Paris Papers of Thursday arrived yestcrliy.
The news which they contain from Naples v i:1 be
found in another part of out Paper. There is nothing
else in them of any importance.—French 5 per cents.
Wednesday, 79fr. 95c.
Mr. LAMBTON arrived at Lambton-hall on Thurs-
day week from London, accompanied by Earl Wm,
who proceeded next morning to Howick.

FASHIONABLE ARRIVALS.
At Brunet's Hotel, Leicester square— General Eliot and suite,
and Peter Grove, Esq. from Paris.
At the British Hotel, Jermyn-street—Mr. and Mrs. Wilson
and family, from France.
At the Brunswick Hotel, Hanover-scum—His Excellency
H. Middleton and suite, from America.

•
DEPARTURES.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Chohnondeley and family,
for their seat, Chohnondele7 Castle, Cheshire.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Buckingham, from Aring-
ton, Hams, for their seat, Buckinglam Cottage, Ryde, Isle of
rett.
Couatetrof Powis, from her house, Berkeley-square, for
her scat, Walcott, Salop.
Lord Boston, and the Honourable Mrs. Irby and family, for
their seat, Hedston Lodge, Bucks.
From the Palteney Hotel, Piccadilly—Sir Hew and Lady
Dalrymple Hamilton and family, for their seat in Scotland.
From the Si. Petersburgh Hotel, Dover-street—Lady Hun•
lake and family, for Durham.
From the British Hotel, Jermyn-street—Thos. Bernard, fib+
M.P. for his seat in Ireland; Captain Kennedy, Royal Bengal
Artillery, for Cheltenham; Robert Hamilton, Esq. for his seat
in Ireland; the Earl and Countess Verulam, for their seat UP
Hens ; Lord Rivers, for his seat in Hants.

I