Star.
London, England, 1829-11-10 00:00:00

TO THE EDITOR OF THE STAR.

Slit—Your Paper of yesterday evening contains the
following paragraph, which, to my poor comprehension,
requires some explanation:
" The Police Commissioners have directed that persons
taken up by the Constables for drunkenness only, may be
discharged when sober, without being taken before a

Magistrate."
Perhaps you, Mr. Editor, or some of your intelligent
correspondents, would afford the public the slight satis-
faction of knowing by what clause or provision of the
New Police Act such an extraordinary power is vested
in the Co"-- 'en, of changing at their will and
which has either hr the law of

pleasure that system .. _ ~een
the land, or the shadow of law, under which fines and
penalties have hitherto been inflicted on the people. Soon
after the establishment of the present gendarmerie force,
two cases occurred, in which it was evident that the Po-
lice Commissioners possessed no authority, under the Act,

to delegate to the privates, or even to the sergeants or
corporals of the anti-national force, the power of dia.
charging a person once taken into custody, without bring-
ing the complaint before a magistrate. In the first case,which
occurred at Hatton Garden, on the 2d of October, the
inspector asked "whether the officer of the night had any
discretionary power to set at liberty a person given in
charge for a trivial matter, such as being brought off the
streets in a state of intoxication ?" The Magistrate, Mr.
ROGERS, although he then pronounced no decision on
the point, yet observed, that " at least whatever name
was entered in the Report, must be brought to the
office, or the office discharge could not be entered."
But in the second case, at Bow-street, on the 6th of
October, the " discretionary power" was not only de-
nied, but its assumption censured as "highly improper"
—ss the Report of the proceedings published in " the
STAR" of that date specifies :
" Among the night charges brought before Mr. Mut-
su via., was one against a man charged with an offence
against the Vagrant Act, who did not appear. Mr.
MINSIIULL asked the reason of this? and Preece, the
inspector, replied that he understood the man had been
allowed to go about his business. Mr. MINSHULL said,
that " such an exercise of authority was highly impro-
per; THE POLICE HAD NO DISCRETION—and it was
their bounden duty to bring every individual whom they
took in charge, before a Magistrate."
And moat assuredly it is their bounden duty to do so :
were it otherwise, no man's person would be safe—no
man's liberty would be sacred, from the capricious or
revengeful humour of these privileged violators of public
decorum, some of whom are more frequently to be seen in
company with the wretched and abandoned females who
infest our streets after night-fall, than in the vigorous
discharge of their duty. No Act of Parliament has passed
since Mr. MINSHULL, an experienced and upright
Magistrate, declared that " the police had no dis-
cretion"...-and it would be satisfactory to know what
authority there exists of greater force than the law
of the land, by virtue of which the Commissioners
have empowered their constables to " discharge an
offender without being taken before a Magistrate ?"
We shall next be told that " every petty, pelting officer,"
is empowered to sit on the Bench, in the absence of the
Magistrates, and decide upon the cases of persons whom
be himself has taken into custody. To say nothing of
the inducements to bribery and peculation, which must
thus be held out, it is time that the people should know
when the Acts were repealed under which they have so
long been subject to fines and penalties, at the discretion
of the Magistracy—or whether such inflictions have been
nnautborised by the law ?
I am, Sir, your obedient servant
Links, Nov. 10. lase. ONE OF THE PEOPLE.

CITY. Tvinvz o'CLoet.

We are rather scarce in arrivals this morning, and those which
have come to hand are of little import : consequently our Fends
remain steady thin morning. Consols, which left of yesterday at
911 for Money, and 914 j for the Account, opened at the same
price, and at present may be quoted 914. alternately buyers and
sellers, for the Account, and for January 924 I.
The Megan and Hamburgit steamers are not yet arrived.
The Foreign Market is the grand focus of attraction this morn-
Ing—owing to the great speculations in the Greek Stock. which
bas bean done at 274, and which is a rise since yesterday morning
of Ave to six per cent. This rise is attributed to a supposition of a
Greek Loan, and the President of Greece going to the Russian
bead-quarters.

Spanish Stock is also better.
Most of the Foreign Securities have rather improve&
CITY, HALF-PAST ONE.

The Camel Market modem steady the whole of the siontiog,
at nt II for the ♦ecoent. and !lig for Mooey, with very little
business doing ; but the Foreign Market has been very lively. par.
Ocularly la Greek and Russian Storks. The imprommeet in
Greek Hoods has hues considerable, and remain firm at our for.
user quotation. As to the ;moral opinion that Greece will soon
become a kingdom, with a great extent of territory. it is said
that the choke of her &iverelp is between a Prince of the Hones
of Bavaria and dee Ea. King of Sweden; but in the choice of the
latter there is some diliedey. owing to his Wag a nephew of the
Emperor of Russia.

The New York Advertiser states, that the duties se-
cured at the Custom-bouse in the above City, for the
quarter ending at the 30th June, amounted to 4,300,000
dollars, and that the amount secured in the month of July
exceeded 1,000,000 of dollars.

RECOGNITION of DON MIGUEL by SPAIN

The Lisbon Correspondent. of the Journal des Debats,
had addressed the following observations to that Paper.
They are dated on the 17th of October, and well entitled
to public attention
The Court of Spain has et last openly avowed its own work,
by recognising Dam Simon—that is to say, in renouncing the
system of dissimulation which she bad followed up for 18 months,
and fall of chagrin at being unable in spite of all the efforts of her
diplomacy to persuade the ether Powers of Europe to sanction the
most scandalous of usurpations, she has determined to throw off the
mask in the hopes,perbaps,tbat her example would be more powerful
than her exhortations. But this hope will be abortive, for happily
the policy of the Cabinet of Madrid is not a model which odic s
are either in the habit of imitating or eager to follow.

The Portuguese Nation cannot fear that the European Cabinet►
could have entertained the idea of sending firth Spain to prepare
the way which they themselves reject; and tkat they wished to be,
u it were. covered by her shadow, in order to strike the last fatal
blow to this unhappy country.

On the other hand, the recognition by Spain. considered of itself,
is not, with regard to Portugal, of the smallest importance. In
effect, the most intimate relations have not ceased to exist between
Lisbon and Madrid ever since the first moment of the Usurpation.
M. as CAMIWZA3I, who was at Lisbon when it took place, charged
with an extraordinary mission, continued to reside there after the
pretended rupture of all diplomatic intercourse. He was replaced
by M. D'ACOSTA MOISTALSYNI. The latter has been regarded,
during the last six months, as the life and soul of Ilitoun'sor
rather the Queen's government. Oa the recent occasion, all he
did was to present his credentials under a new form, and place
the arms of Spain over his door.
It is not unimportant to observe, that this same ACOSTA, who
was minister at Vienna when Don Mona happened to reside in
that capital, was then the secret agent of the correspondence kept
up with these Portuguese rebels, who were plotting the destruc-
tion of the legitimate throne. This fact alone la sufficient, If any
thing was required, to prove the open protection afforded to these
very rebels by Spain, as well as the part played by the Cabinet of
Madrid in the affairs of Portugal since 1826. This part is ren-
dered still more odious, by the simulated adhesion of Spain to the
reproaches which all the Powers addressed to the usurper.
But to return to this as of recognition, we demand—not indeed
of the Cabinet of Madrid—we know that it enjoys the happy pri-
vilege of not being responsible for its actions ;—nor of Spanish
nation—nor of any other authority ;—but of the admirers and advo-
cates of that measure, out of Spain—of the Quoadinsne for instance
which has reiterated its praises of so generous a determination—
we demand by what principle his Most Catholic Majesty is influ-
enced in recognising the Infant Don Miguel u legitimate King?
For it is not merely the Government della° that has been recog-
nised by Spain. History, past and present, sufficiently demon-
strates the little importance that Spain in her inert impassibility
attaches to a Government de facto. It fellows, then, that she must
recognise the Infant Don Miguel as the Elect of the Portuguese
nation (supposing that she confers this title upon the factious and
illegal assembly which has decreed the Crown to him)—and thus
sanctions the doctrine of national sovereignty--a supposition too
repugnant to his Most Catholic Majesty to be admitted;—or else
she adopts the arguments adduced by that assembly, in declaring
that Don Pedro was disseised of the throne, and that the right to
the Crown reverted to the Infant Don Miguel.

nitre h so medium to justify the recognition of Spain ; that
Power must either consider Don MJCIVSL u tinted by the nation,
or u replacing, as of right, the King his brother thus disseized of
the Throne.

Let us now consider the motives alleged by the mi-disant Cones
for declaring the forfeiture of Don Panto. They bate asserted
that the fundamental laws of Portugal exclude foreigners from the
Throne: this Is false. They say that Dan PICNICS from the day in
which be was acknowledged Emperor of Brazil, bad lost all rights
as a Portuguese : this is equally false. They pretend that on
his forfeiture, the Crown reverted to his younger brother.
An animism still more illegal and unjust—for even if he
bad renounced his own rights, he never could have despoiled
his children, born before the separation of the crowns, of the rights
of their itdieritancei Such are, notwithstanding, the only principles
by which the revolutionary faction has attempted to prove the de-
fault of Don Pznao. But what renders the conduct of Spain per-
fectly incomprehensible, is, that she does not recognise, and never
has recognized, Don Pssao—as the Emperor of Brazil. Now as
by this doctrine of Spain, he could not have become a foreign So-
vereign—it follows that by the doctrine even of the revolutionary
Portuguese themselves, he cannot have forfeited the crown of Por-
tugal, to which he bad been called by the right of primogeniture.
It must be acknowledged that on this point, the Cabinet of
Madrid has attained the very sublimity of absurdity—for it admits
an effect without a cause, and an act so 'important as the succession
to a neighbouring Crown, as the consequence of a prindple which
it does not acknowledge.

We defy the most subtle and experienced casuist to clear up this
ridiculous imbroglio j and we maintain that Spain was of all the
European Powers, the most unfortunately situated for furnishing a
pretest to sanction the criminal decision of the Cortes of Lisbon.
But, let us ask, what will become of Den Penao according to this
decision of Spain ? lf, by the opinion which she hes adopted, he
cannot be both Emperor of Brazil and King of Portugal, be must
be one or the other—unless indeed she would annihilate him
altogether.
The truth of the matter is, the Cabinet of Madrid will become
like Haman, when he bad overcome all the difficulties that bad
been raised to the marriage of his daughter—" tens charts"—these
words alone replied to all. The principles of legitimacy, the voice
of humanity, the sanctity of oaths, the reproaches of all the world,
the dangers which web examples present to all Royal Families—
all these, and a thousand considerations besides, would produce no

effect when she reputed " Sens ante."
Let us hope for the welfare of the Portuguese nation, that these
magical words may not have the same influence in France and
elsewhere. It must be admitted, however, that the moment has
been happily chosen fat misting the new King, and that the voice
of Spain re-echoing but the sanguinary sentences of Oporto, forms a
concert worthy to celebrate his recognition."

Accounts from Callao in July state, that grails re-
mained tranquil there under the new order of things ;
and .the people were pleased at the change of the
government. General Fuentes is very popular and much
in favour of low duties, and the extension of commerce.
The Government at Sydney has passed an Act for
ascertaining the number of inhabitants, horses, cattle,
and sheep, and the number of acres of land cultivated and
uncultivated, by attaching a fine of at least 101. in any
case where such return is not made, or is made falsely.

It has been decided, that the large wooden boards,
placed by the brewers against public houses, are dan-
gerous nuisances, calculated to facilitate fires, and to
prevent inhabitants escaping by the windows, and liable,
under the Building Act, to be taken down.
PEE ALTY FOIL SWEARIITG.—It is perhaps not gene-
rally known that a day labourer, common soldier, or
sailor, is liable to a fine of Is. a adesman of 2s. and a
gentleman, &c. of ss. for everyprofane oath; for a second
offence the fine is doubled, and for a third offence tie-
bled.—Cheltenham Journal.

The number of Englishmen now residing in France
amounts to near 36,000, and in this number are to be in-
cluded 7,000 workmen. Their annual expenditure is
calculated at 96,000,000 of francs (4,000,000/. sterling)
giving an average of 2,700 fr. (1121. 10s.) per individual.

,••

NATIONAL AND CIVIC MONUMENTS.

[FOR THE STAR.]
4' JACK CADZ—Thereby is England maimed
And fain to go with a staff, but that my puissance holds it up.—
Massmectsa.—Jack Cade bath gotten London Bridge."
SHAZIOPICAIII. Henry VI. p. 2.

There is no display of national pride so worthy of
emulation as the erection of Monuments, which whilst
they proclaim the meritorious services, the surpassing
genius and exalted patriotism of a Minister, or a com-
mander, bear honorable testimony to the gratitude of the
people ; and are at once the trophies of our country's
glory, and the recording tributes of popular enthusiasm
and admiration.—To such a purpose, it would be not only
generous but politic, to render every PUBLIC WORK in
some degree subservient, by commemorating the talents,
the integrity, the wisdom, and the patriotic zeal of emi-
nent Statesmen, or the heroic achievements of our war-
riors by sea and land : thus conferring upon distinguished
merit the noblest reward that the approbation of mankind
can bestow—not only in contemporaneous honor, but in
the perpetuity of renown—and stimulating succeeding
generations to similar devotedness and exertions in the
public cause. Such a spirit was manifested in the dedi-
cation of BLACKFRIARS BRIDGE to the immortal
CHATHAM ; and the inscription is worthy of the Man
whose name it bears, and of the City whose affection it
records :

That there might remain to posterity a monument
Of the City's affection to the man,
Who by the strength of his genius, the steadiness of his mind,
And a certain kind of happy contagion
of his probity and spirit,
(Under the divine favour, and fortunate auspices of George the
Second)
Recovered, augmented, and secured the British Empire
in Asia, Africa, and America; and
Restored the ancient reputation and influence of his Country,
Amongst the nations of Europe ;
The Crnsurs or Lomax have unanimously voted rum Barons
to be inscribed with
the name of
WILLIAM PITT."

But if such proud and well earned tributes of grateful and
affectionate veneration be commendable, just, generous,
and politic, when awarded to the talents and the virtues
of so illustrious a Statesman ; not less salutary—not less
just—not less politic, would be the duty of assigning to
the notorious incapacity—and the ruinous maladminis-
tration of affairs of any self-sufficient, inexperienced, and
intractable Minister, such a censure as would render his
hardy assumption of power something even more than "a
negative instruction to his successors for ever." The
completion of the New London Bridge, for instance, has
occupied much-of the most serious attention, and even
been honoured by the personal superintendence, of the
great and gallant soldier, who, unfortunately for his
own unrivalled military fame, which

•Nim••••• " had cue been perfect.
Whole as the marble, founded as the rock,
As broad and general as the cuing air ;"
And still more unfortunately for the prosperity, the ho-
nour, and the estimation of this once mighty empire, has
exchanged the sword for the pen, and the camp for the
cabinet : and it has been said, that as the STRAND
BRIDGE commemorates his most important victory, so is

he desirous that the grand civic structure should perpe-
tuate the memory of his Ministerial greatness. If he
can cherish such an ambition, at least, let not the
spirit of truth be outraged in its consummation ; but let
the Citizens with an independence worthy of their sta-
tion, and of the City whose interests are confided to their
guardianship, do justice to the country, by ascribing her
present lamentable prostration to the true cause—the im-
policy of her Councils; and the impolicy of her Councils
to the incapacity of the Minister :—and if an inscription
be desired, let it be couched in the stern and uncompro-
mising language of candour, of justice, and of indignant
patriotism :