Star.
London, England, 1827-07-11 00:00:00

FRk.NCH PAPERS.

FROM THE GAZETTE DE FRANCE, JULY 9.
STUTGARD, Joss, 1.
In the Suing of the States, the 26th of June, a Decree
of the Privy Council, of the following tenor, was com-
municated to them:

The Government has taken into consideration, that a
longer duration of the present Assembly of the States
might prove injurious in several respects to most of the
Members—for this reason, the tiovernment has resolved
soon to dissolve the Assembly; but it intends to call an
extraordivary one in the course of the winter, to discus%
and decide upon the project, which it has not been able
to Jo hitherto. • *

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Bat, ill* the business of the new Assembly may be
sufficiently prepsred when it meets, and thatFt may im-
mediately commince, and uninterruptedly continue.its
operations, the,goveraroent intends to appoint failfriese
reparatory labours a :Committee of about 1.5-Megonlos
;elected from the Awo.Chambers. ". • -
PARIS, Jesr s.
,The Bishop if Friburg has addreyed to, auk Goxee:a.:
meat of theV4Bdis:Schwetta, and several ot#ir.Patholie
cantons:
a ciicklailitter, in Which,he -istptes them to
eql i uire Lim die Pipt , measures Co repress att4trksio
iir 144,h C.a
'ch. ti ,!ninala indulge against the tholin,.
il ch.
ifiit,,sttfirp4. that, its consequensp. of this

PARIS, Jacy 8.
Letters from Madrid, of the 25th June, say, " the
affairs of Portugal occupy our Cabinet very much. A
few-days ago an.extraordinary courier from Lisbon ar.
rivedwith dispatches of the highest importance, and
immediately after the Charge d'Affaires of Portugal
went to Aralljuez, where he had a conference with the
Miiihter'Salsvon. A Cou,cil of Ministers was held,
fter which a courier was di,patched to the Commander-
in Chief, with directions that the Arrpy of Observation
sbould resume its former position. In consequence, the
infantry and cavalt y of ;hp Royal Guard have returned
istaceres.4 •
We have received the tiakisiore ZutollAtiiscer of the
7th of June. We fihd In •it the fallowing. attirie:'•"
4' We learn with the mist, livelyjnAlsfactionv that after
several Isites bet veep, M. Clay ind,lal.ltibello,Charge
d'AfEiires of the Emperor of Brasil, 'Romances hue.
reciitel .011.-4411. 004 •tiltat•-tht evouso -which
have talteripliceat Rio de Janeiro (the departure Of
M. Raguet) will not interrupt the peace and good un-
tderstanding which prevails between the two nations."_

Mademoiselle GARNE3IN, who had been waiting for
some days for a favourable opportunity of exhibiting
to the inhabitants of Turin the spectacle of an aerial
voyage, ascended, on' tue*SOth June, from the Royal
Gardens, in the midst of an immense 'concourse of spec.
tutors. The King and Queen of SARDINIA condescended
:0 be present at this frte. At the moment- that the
Balloon, yet held by tl:e ropes, passed before the win-
dows of the Palace, Mademoiselle Gauntlets, with a
flag in hei- hand, thrice saluted their Majestic', to which
they replied by clapping their hands, an action which
was the signal for-universal acclamation. In a moment
the Balloon rose with extreme rapidity, and it became
diificult.to distinguish it with the naked eye. At that
moment the intrepid aeronaut detached the parachute.
Thedepent wa! dreadful, and the destruction of-Ma-
demoiseile GlAluidtita appeared inevitable. -Atlength
the parachute openedit'reeOvered completely- its- hod..
tontal position, and put an end completely to the fears
,of the spectators. Mademoiselle GA RNRRIN, on return.
ing to t alace, had the honour of being presented to
their tea, and was afterwards escorted home in a
vehicle,. muted with little flags; under the conduct
of a pit:Lowe:4f estealry.--Quotidienne of Sunday.

CAPTAIN FRANKLIN'S EXPEDITION.

FROM THR QUEBEC GAZETTE OF JUNE 7.

The following is an extract of a Letter from a Gen-
tleman connected with the Expedition under Captain
Franklin, R.N. dated Great Slave Lake,- N0v.12, 1826:

" The principal object of the expedition was to discover a navi-
gable passage, westward from the mouth of the Mackenzie, to
Behtings" Straits, and Iris Majesty's ship, Illoogpm.. was-dispatched
from Cape Morn, for the purpose of meeting it at Icy Cape oc in
Kotzebue's Sound. If Captain Franklin's means permitted; he was
directed also to send a detsclienebt to the eastward, to survey the
coast between Mackenzie and Copper-mine Myers, and to return
over land from the mouth of the litter to the estabbalsment on
Bear Lake.

" From the skill with which Captain.Franklints-arringensents
were made, be was enabled to descend the Mackenzlepitatyidt;
the Arctic Sea, last year, wittiin six• •snogibs of his deParture from '
Eaglandiand to return again up the river, to our destined wines&
quarters at Fort Franklin, in Bear Lake, by open' water.. In
the meantime I had sailed• roend Bear Lake, and est/stained
the distance between its eastern extremity hnd' the Coppdt•snlfe
Rivet. The knowledge of the country gained by these, esii,
stone tended !stitch to perfect the plans of operation feir.llll.`year,
and the liberal 'applies of provisions. furnished by, the .litsilsori,
Bay Company, the' spring, enabled Captain Franklin .to equip
both parties:
.Taro. [mats were built for the scream, iuSsaglend
of ntahciginy, a Stood amsidered to be well adapted for the per.;
pose. They were necessarily small, and of a light tonstruitioa,
that they might be more easily carried over the numerous portages
which occur on the route from York Factory, Hudiorei Bay,
to Bear Lake; but from the care bestowed in .building them,
they reacted that place without material injury, and eventual',"
anaw'ered even better than they were expected to do. A'fdurth
of a similar size and form, was built at Bear Lake of fir, and proved
as good as the others, The main part of the expedition, which was
to proceed to the westward, under Captain Franklin's immediate
command, is two of the boats, which were named .the Linn and
Reliance, consisted of Lteutetrant Back, eleven British seamen,
marines, and landsmen, two Canadian voyagers, aid an Baquimaux
interpreter. The eastern detachment,. comprising Mr. Kendall,
assistant surveyor, one seaman, two marineksia-landsmen, and an
Rsquinsaux, embarked in the Dolphin • and Union, and were put
under the charge of Dr. Richardson.

" We left obr ',Meet-quarters on the 21st of June, descended
the Mackenzie till the 2d of July, and as far as latitude 67 deg.
39 m. N. long. 135 deg. 53 m. W. At this place, named Parting
Point by Captain Franklin, the river divides into a number of
widey diverging branches separated from each other by low and
partially flooded lands. It was determined that the two divisions
of the expedition should separate here, and that each party should
fellow the channel which accorded best with their respectiveeoutes.
Captain Franklin, in the preceding autumn, had descended a mid-
dle channel, and reached the seat at Garry's island, in lat. 69 30 deg.
N. long. 155 45 kV. He now entered the most westerly arm which
winds round the base of the rocky mountains, and reached Its mouth
on the 7th' of July. Its outlet is so barred by sand banks, that the
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crews were compelled to drag the boats for miles, even at the top
of high water. In this unpleasant situation they were visited by a
'large party of squimaux, who at 'first.habaved quietly and carried

on a baiter, in an amicable manner ;put at kngth prompted by the
desire of plunder, and confiding in the,vuperlorityg numbers, on a
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precot3cyrted ;signal, upwards 4950Airoot.felluws, armed with long
knives, rushed into the vs.ter misips.ou the. boats;
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dragged them Tp_judidous measures pursued. by
Captain Franklin, however, well semmied ,by.the prompt obedience
and deterroloed conduct of Lleatenant Back and the crewarif- the
boatkrescued the provlsions.ata all the property of consequence
from tbe_baodi 04."eut.freebootert,ancitthe boats were uhituately
got afloat ivithbet albot having been 14red,_ or spy personal injury
received on ether side. The Innis Marty are' tWice that slight
and neat daywkla Motile Intentions, iihesi:slaWpedition hid put
ashote-ip repeat the rigging 147.1kr.aurator villa 'had been cut in
theAffrayi. but the posture of defence to pallkkit,. captain Franklin
dreW up his small force, dekeired Own lipat.renewing the attack.
The 'enact parties itf.'Esquinitur; that Werritibsequeinif Met
With, tertile aea•koaat:behivil to a diendlill'fiesner. • -
On tbp 9th of July Captain-FranktuAramatappod- by tee, Un-
broken (tuba the shore, and from that date up to the 4th of August,

coworker., after the degrarture of see, the party suffered ere/rely
from the want direst' wet er.and once passed two entire days without
that necessary article. Thick fogs and heavi gales prevented the
expedition from quitting this inhospitable part of the coast, and it
was detained on one spot for' eight deli bra fog so dense the! all s
Olivetti were obscured at the dietanee of few yards, stormy weather
prevailing all the time. Notwithstanding these almost insuemount.
'able obstacles, the resolution and perseverance of Captain Franklin
and hie party enabled them to reach nearly tile 190th degree 'of
'longitude by the 111th of August. They had then performed more
than halt the distance, along the coast, -to Icy. Capc-e-hael pleat y
of provisions, 'that' in good order, and an open sea before them—
and althpugh, from the fatigues they had undergone, the strength
• of the crews was somewhat itripaited, yet their spirit was en,
broken. By% Use period had how arrived when it was Captain,
Franklin's duty, in pursuance of his instructions, to considers •
the prohatiiiitrof his being Ale to reach Kotztboe's Sound before
the severe weather set in ; and, if be did not expect to attain flea
object, be was prohibited from hazarding the safetys( the party by
a longer cominuance on the coast. It 'nook' have been the extremity
of rashness to have attempted to get to Kqtzebue's Sewall E'y tra.
versing an unknown coast at that advinced season, even had he
been certain that the Blossom had reached that place ; but she en.
certainty attending ill voyages irs high latitudes made it extremely
doubt's' whether that vessel was actually at the rendezvosfs or not.
It was therefore in conformity *itb Csistaln Frankiin'e usual indg-
stem, and the almost paternatAnziety he has always evinced* ft r
lb. safety of those who had UM happiness tiieerne under d. emu-
,6l6od, that he decided open commencing hiesiturn to Bear Lake
at that period.
" It was a matter of the deepest regret to hheseif and bit' whole
party that they turned their backs upon an onsurveyed part of the
cease. Throaty feeling that will be excited in the enituloof others
will be surprise, that be.was able to surmount the obstacles opposed
to his progress to the extent that he did. The propriety of Captain
Franklin's determination was evinced by a succession of stormy
weather, which speedily set in ; and by intelligence he received
front some friendly Esquimaux lads, that their countrymen ware
collective in numbers about the mouth of the Mackenzie;
and that a. large part of the mountain Indians were on. die
nutich An-intercept him, on account of Ids having come, as
they eepposed. to interfere with the teed. of the. fisqulnfalnt.
Had he been only a few days later. it is more then probable that
he could not have escaped the numerous enemies without a contest.
He arrived with his party in perfect health at Bear Lake on the
Mist of September, and dispatched an express the.following morn-
ing with an account of his proceedings to Government. As it was
necessary that the express should set out without delay, to embleit
to ascend the Mackenzie whilst the navigation continued open,
Captain Franklin bad merely time to write* me a short account of
his proceedings. The preceding sketch is, therefore, necessarily
very imperfect. I have omitted to mention that the trending of the
coast carried the expedition into 704 degrees of North lathed..
an" Withlegard to the eastern detachment of the expedition, On
parting from Captain Franklin they pursued the easternmost channel
of the river, which is that by which Mackenzie returned from the
the sea, and Is accurately and ably described by him. They reached
the sea on the 7th of July, in lat. 69 deg. 29 min. N..long. 185 deg.
24 niln. W. having oar that day fallen in with a horde of Eaquitnaux,
while the boats were (in a similar should° to Captain Franklin's)
egroend on the flats at the mouth of the river, endeavoured to-seize
upon My. Kendail:sboat, no doubt far the purpos: of plundering ie.
The attempt, however, which was, perhaps. merely the impulse
Of the tananeset, was not participated in by the whole horde, and
was lestantly frustrated by the coot courage of Mr. Kendall and the
determined attitude assumed by the party, without the necessity. esf
baying recourse to violence. They gave no farther. trouble. and the
party left them with the show at least of friendship. The parties
of the nation which wereMetaftetwaris, being Inferior in numbers
theempodition, were very clyii. They displayed, however, Much
courage in opening an interccurqr
" After reaching the sea, considerable difficulty was experienced
in-emating a shore of a very peculiar hatere, to lat.. 76 deg. 37
min. N. long. 126 deg. 52 min. W. The coast, thus far, cionsista
of isiandsof alluvial (or perhaps.in the present Lnguageof Geis.
logien, of diluent) origin, -skirted by sandy banks naming 'far
•ro sealfird, and intersected by creeks of brackish water, and
separated in part by wide estuaries, pouring out at that season of
the year large bodies of fresh water. These alluvial lands are
inundated by the spring floods, and covered with drift timber,
except a nub ber of insulated mounds of freizeb earth, which rise
considerably aboie the highest .water-mark, and are analogous to
the frozen banks or Icebergs described as bounding liotzebee's
Sound. Between 6aeof and the main shore there is a very exten-
sive lake of brackish water; which perhaps communicates with the
eastenabranch olthe. Mackenzie, and rrceives„atleast, one other
large river. • ..-
"This party subsequently tracked a rneky. ind bolder shore,
rounded Cape Parry in lat. 70 deg. 18. min. N. long. 125 deg. W.
Cape.Xrusenstenvin lat. 68 deg. 46 thin. N. long. 114 deg. 45 min.
W. and entered George the Fourth's Coronation Gulph, by the
Dolphin and Union Straits, which brought them nearly to the 115th
deg. of W. longitude. They then steered for the Copper-mine
River, and entered it on the Bth of August. •
" They suffered some detention on this voyage, from bad wea-
ther, and had, on several occasions, to cut a passage through
tongues of ice with the hatchet, and to force a way for the hoes
with much labour and some hazard. The ice attains a, great
thickens in that sea, some of the floes being aground in nine
fathoms water, but under the powerful radiation of a sun con-
stantly above the horizon, in the summer months, it decays
with an almost incredible rapidity. As the boats drew only 20
inches of water, the party were on several occasions en..bled to sad
through shallow canals, worn on the surface of these floes by the
action oldie waves, when, from the ice being closely packed ohs the
shore, they could find no passage betwixt the masses of which it was
composed. They had fortunately clear weather for these attempts.
Had they experienced the fogs which Captain Ft anklin met with
to the westward, they must of necessity have remained onshore.
Notwithstanding the quantity of ice.they encountered thus early in
the season, they were convinced that towards the end of August
there is a free passage fur a ship along the northern coast of Amertea,
from the 100th to the 150th degree of west longitude; and to
the eastward of the Mackenzie there are some commodious har-
bours, although there are none on the part of the coati surveyed by
Captain Franklin to the westward. The whole dillieuky le per-
forming the North-west passage in a ship seems to be in attaining
the coast of the continent through the intricate straits *kith 'lead
from Baffin's or Hudson's Bays. The flood tide was foudd settlhg
everywhere along the coast from the eastward.
" The rapids, which obv,reet the navigation of the Cuppermine,
prevented them from bringing their boats above eight miles from
the sea, and they therefore abandoned them there with the re.
attainder of their stores, tents, &c. a present to the Eaquitnaux, and
set out overland to Fort Franklin, carrying (exclusive of inetrumeota,
arms, and ammunition, and a few specimens of plants and mineral,)
merely a blanket and ten days' provisions fair each 'Persian.' 'They
, arrived 011 the eastern arm of Bear Lake on the. sloth of .Jbegtrit,
and at the Fort on the let of September, after an absence of 71-day.:,
in excellent health and condition.
." The two branches of the* expedition have thus; surveyed the
coast through upwards of. thirty-six degrees of longitude, which,
together with Captain Franklin s former discoveries and those of
Captain Parry, render the Arctic Sea pretty well known, u far as
the 115th degree of west longitude. There remain only eleven
degrees of unknown coast betwixt that and Icy 'Cape, and Captain
Beech), bas perhaps by this time traced a considerable portion even
of thit In the Blo.sotn, so that a complete discovery of the North
West passage, so long an object for which Britain has contended,
is. now brought within very narrow limits.
" The expedition returns to Englarql next year by the Hirdarin's
Bay Company's ship, with the exception of Captain Franklin
sad Dr. Richardapo, who preppie to ge home by the way of Ca-
nada and New York.. As Captain Franklin intends to travel the
winter on the Icei 'he hopes tu reach Montreal towards the end of
Aegest, 1887."

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are cursed with arbitrary rule. What real progress has'
Ressia made for the last eighty yearmtough governed
during the greater part of this time by Monarchs of
great capacity, and ambitious of glory at the same time ?
Wine-tenths of its vast population have undergone no
material change in the interval; and the other tenth,
though they may enjoy greater comforts, and possess a
larger share of knowledge than their forefathers, are
still as abject slaves as they were, and may therefore be
justly termed more miserable upon the whole, inasmuch
as the cultivated mind bears the yoke with much
greater impatience than the uncultivated mind. The
Austrian Empire is another striking instance of the
parching influence of despotism, where with a few ex-
ceptions, exercising no influence on the condition of the
great mass el the people, every thing is literally in the
asatu quo that it was a hundred years ago. Yet its
rolers for the most part, during this period, have been
animated by the most sincere desire to do good ; but
there is no Royal or Imperial road to national prosperity
of a durable character ; and nations can only arrive at
great prosperity by the aid of liberal institutions. Let
us hear no more of the inconveniences of a state of
liberty, for in that state alone exist all the elements
which conduce to the true happiness and glory of na-
tions; and it is well for us that our ancestors were of
this opinion, as otherwise our situation, in all probabi.
~lily, would be as wretched, as it is now enviable. To
our excellent institutions alone we are indebted for
every advantage by which we are distinguished from
other nations ; and it is only necessary to adhere
to, or depart from, their spirit, in order to increase or
lessen the distinction.
.4These Paper,• have news from Stockholm of the 26th
'kW it is fully as uninteresting as that from the Rus-
sian capital, and merely states that the idea of convok-
ing an extraordinary Diet this year has been abandoned.
It appears from the following paragraph, thai some
muse of discontent, which is not specified. though it has
broken oat into acts of violence, has arisen in one of the
Swim jantons. We regret this the more, because some
of their neighbours would be happy enough to End a
good pretext of settling, hot quite A raintabk, their do-
mestic differences:

" SWITZERLAND, Imo so.

" M. Landamman Sydler, the Representative of the
Confederation, who is sent to the Inner R of Ap.
a*
penzell, arrived there on the 24th. Si e 18th,
when the sitting of the Great Council, which continued
till the mqrning, and in which some private affairs that
have excited great interest were warmly discussed, was
broken up by the interference of a tumultuous crowd,
of between 200 and 300 country people. The Govern-
ment had not again met, expecting the arrival of the
Representative of the Confederation, whose intervention
wili doubtless succeed in restoring order."

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