Star.
London, England, 1829-07-13 00:00:00

COPT OF A 1

FORD T

"TO TE

''SIRS
Reared in yo
natures of 1%
see reason tc
be mischieva

" Sincere:
stitutional 111
never will
ballot or uni
universal cor
unfounded in

any period o:

" Upon ti
HUNT (s-hoi
patriotism) a
and, althour,l
may in th
preherusire of
independent

(Si

St n—ln del
Sir Charles S
time British
privy to, and
the Emperor
Portugal, in i
May, 1826 ;
consented to
Plenipotentia
to be the mer
leged, and
Charles Stua
or powers, fr,
after the dei
naturally infi
general instr
afterwards w
of those alter
evident, and

tish Governs

the belief, tl
its perfect c
of Sir Charle
of the approll
Canning decl
1826, it vas
all idea of for
enjoy all due
acceptance of
In carrying
Charles Stual
important am
period, Sir NS
ercised very
and even thr
propositions.
political offal]
his Excellent
the idea of

derful moral

Prince, whit
• William A'C
to leave Port
recrimination
not, however
least moral)

fluence whicl
always been
affairs of Por
European dip
have resigned
been an act o
feeling cruelt,
healing or pr
The policy
affairs of Port
bined, and pei
I feel fully er
matic acts of
the mission I
of soliciting
Don Miguel'

him Regent
Impartiality
which might
trovertible as
sent questiol
Previous
rences were
Vienna and :
England and
part ; in con
having accep
turn promise
their interest
from Don P

also immediai

to Europe, t
any of his pr

neither had 1
of the regain
essential con
young Quee
been fixed u
Emperor's d
t

are not met by the Turks with readiness, the next newt
we may look for is, that the Russians are in full mirch
upon Constantinople :
BERLIN, Julie 3.
Letters from the theatre of war represent the events Ilea,.
Saturnia in a manner perfectly in accordance with the Russian of.
ficial bulletins. The defeat of the Turkish army was so general,
end the destruction so complete, that old soldiers do not remember
a similar victory. The plan of General Count Diebitsch, though
the execution of it required great efforts, is generally acknowledged
to have been admirable. He led the Russian army between the
enemy's army and their entrenched camp before Saturnia. But a
very small part of the Turkish troops, and those in the most
wretched condition, succeeded in finding their way back to
he fortress. As far as the eye could reach the field was covered
with the wrecks of the enemy's army. In Sebumla itself there is
rut a small garrison, and the battle is universally considered as
strew', ' important. Already, on the :Id day after the battle,
umia was almost wholly outflanked, and the Russian army in
11 march to the Balkan. He advanced in the direction of Aidos
Bourgas, where it may be supported by 10,000 men that have
n landed at Sizeboli. The best spirit animates the Russian
idlers, and they fight with admirable bravery. The Turkish
1h

my (though the Turks when ordered to attack endeavour to lose
sense of danger in the most furious courap)want presence of mind
d reflection, and their condition is considered throughout very

iserable. The situation of Silistria was considered in the middle
June to be such, that it would not be able to make a protracted
sistance, and its fall may therefore be shortly expected. Major
aff Von Rutzenstein, of the Prussian General Staff, who
'rived here on the 28th June, was present at the battle near
thumb on the 11th June. He left the camp before Silistria a
ty earlier than General Diebitsch, and arrived at head quarters in
me to be present at the great battle. The account which be has
yen to the King, adds many ,instructing particulars to the official

General Diebitsch It seems had, by industriously circulating
Ise report., made the Grand Vizier believe that he had not above
),000 men before Silistria, and this chiefly induced him to make
I attempt upon Pravadi. General Diebitsch also succeeded by
ttploying the indefatigably active Cossacks in capturing all the
spatches sent by the Grand Vizier respecting his own strength
id his designs. The punctual junction with General Roth, and
ie entire Interruption of the Grand Vizier's line of communication
ith Silistria, had so far decided the fate of the Turks beforehand,
at all events the Russians would have been able to retreat un.

The ground was advantageous to the Turks, u they were potted
a high plateau, from which they commanded all the surrounding
entry ; but instead of confining themselves to the defensive,
ncying they bad only some regiments opposed to them, they came

en to attack them. In this attack they succeeded in surrounding
1 cutting to pieces the Murow Regiment of infantry ; the rein.
cements sent to support it were defeated, and the battle seemed
take in unfavourable turn, when the brave Major-General
noldi, with a battery of twelve pounders, advanced, and coo.

need a destructive Are of grape shot within the distance
five hundred feet. Major Staff was with this battery,
ich was so exposed that a bold attack of cavalry by the
rks might have been fatal General Diebitsch was at first at a
to conceive why the Grand Vizier, whose force was so pod.
ly stated at above 40,000 men, sent only 12 or 15,000 to meet
1; bat after these were defeated, the remainder of the enemy's
iy was found posted in regular squares on the eminence. Here
ter contest was to be expected; but the regular regiments

th had been thrown into disorder, caused such confusion that
Grand Vizier could do nothing. It is thought that he ordered
fugitives to be bred upon with grape shot, for all the Turkish
non were discharged on the eminence, by which some of their
n powder magazines were blown up. The Turkish army then
lin a confusion impossible to be described. The Grand Vizier
d only 600 horse, together with which he happily reached
bonds by a drcultous route : that place is now closely invested.
from a Bolls Paper.
;asszroar, Jute 6.—Exchange on London, Two months,l4lll.
rod:fort Papers, July 6.

From a Philadelphia Paper of the 19th June received
the North and South American Coffee-house, we ex-
t the following important commercial notice on the
cease of the Tariff :

We mast remind oar Commercial Readers, that after the 30th
a present month (Jane) additional diodes will be levied on

te imported goods.
! Ali manufactures of wool, or of which wool is a component
, will be charged with a duty of SOper cent.
On unmanufactured hemp, the duty will be on the lst July,
ellen a too ; and on the lst July, 11131, it will be 60 dollars
ton.

Cotton bagging will be Increased to 5 cents. per square yard.
The duty on unmanufactured ilax,--addidons to be made of 5

us per annum, till the duty sball amount to 60 dollars per too.
On an manufactures of silk coming from beyond the Cape of
d Hope, an additional duty oft percent. takes effect from 30t1.

On indigo an additional duty of 5 cents. a pound till the 50th
~. HMO ; and from that time, a duty of 1u cents. a year, until
irhole duty shall amount to SO cents. a pound."

CITY. TwxLvs O'CLOcIG
opened this morning at the same price they left of on

P 814 3 for the Account, with scarce a bargain doing.

e speculators are waiting the arrival of an express from
with the result of the new French financial affairs, which is
led will have some erect on our market.

write from Bucharest, of the 17th of June, that

[of =stria is soon expected, and that General Dammam,
having dispersed the army of the GRAND VIZIR!, will kave
forcement before that fortress, and proceed with the rest of
s to &bomb.
CITY, HALF-PAST ONE O'CLOCIG
is have continued the whole of the onorning at 89i to i foe
ccount, and 891 i for next time, with little business doing.
the Dutch mail received this morning, the prices of the Fo.
Funds in Amsterdam come higher.

e Foreign Market is in a state of complete stagnation—EP
er Bills, 73 74; Brazil, 571 1; Buenos Ayres, 221 31;
111,17 18 ; Daniak, 871 1; Greek, 14 15; Mexican, 211
'lan, 11i 12 ; Portuguese, 421 1; Russian, 981 1; Spanish.
3razil Shares, 42 44.
to building of the London University is rapidly sig-
hing a state of completion ; the portico, in panicular, promises
when finished, a splendid specimen of architectural taste.
Is Archbishop of DUBLIN- and Bishop of LIMERICK
sit in the next Parliament. They have now the privilege°
ins letters.
to Rev. Mr. ADAMS, it is said, will be the new Dean
she!, and net Mr. MU!.

dy Ross, the wife of his Excellency Sir PATRICK
and her fnally. have arrived from Antigua, for the restore-
( their health. Her departure was witneeical with the most
regret by the inhabitants, to whom she seems to have el'
d herself by her affability and benevolence.
TB. MITCHELL gave a grand Ball and Supper, at
oiswinu to Cbosies-etreit, Berkeley-square, on Friday night,
was most fashionably accemlod, upwards of 300 of the most
vistaed of the heel Ms being present. Amongst the diutn-
persons present were the• following :—The Duke of De.
, Prince and Primes Eaterhazy, Bari and Countess of
Lady Brimstone, Ommtess of Keith, Hon. Miss DOD'
Cmaten_ _ci MeV% Dowager Lady Ellenborough, Les
Yltivallsoostik lady Cardin. Barham, Coast de Dow'
l'•msoos St. Kam* Mr. Fltsclarenee, Count Heldeth
B.otkr. Lad_i IL Beammt, Hon. Misses Liddell (11). Hon'
lair (IQp_Mles Barham, Hon. Mr. Mrs. and Miss Bridge'
Mr. 1.14411, Mr. Seymour, Mr. Upton, HOP lar*
, Hies. Mr. Barham, Sto.
it:ios,

REFORM IN PARLIAMENT.

COPT OF A LETTER FROM THE MARQUIS OF BLAND-

FORD TO TILE EDITOR OF THE STANDARD.

ii JULT 11.
44 TO THE EDITOR OP THE STANDARD.

,4 Si n,—The oftener I read over the address which ap-
peared in your Paper of the 9th instant, bearing the sig-
natures of Messrs. COBBETT and HUNT, the more do I
see reason to notice one part of it, lest my silence should
be mischievously construed into assent.

" Sincerely as I desire to witness a rational and con-
stitutional Reform in the Commons House of Parliament,
I never will stand forward the wild advocate of voting by
ballot or universal suffrage—both of them a species of
universal confusion, both inventions of a modern date,
unfounded in reason, and totally unknown to our laws at
any period of their history•.
" Upon these two points then, Messrs. COBBETT and
HUNT (whom I otherwise respect for their talents and
patriotism) and myself are as wide as the Poles asunder,
and, although fully sensible of the fearful odds which it
may be in their power to oppose to me, I shall not be ap-
prehensive of maintaining my own views and convictions,

independent of such doctrines.
" I have the honour to be, &c.
(Signed) " BLANDFORD."

PORTUGUESE QUESTION.

_.lft,-_
TO THE EDITOR OF THE STAR.

LETTER 111.

Sta—ln defiance of all contradiction, we may assert, that
Sir Charles Stuart, now Lord Stuart of Rothsay, at that
time British Minister at the Court of Rio de Janeiro, was
privy to, and positively approved, all the acts by which
the Emperor of Brazils established the future destinies of
Portugal, in the latter end of April, and beginning of
May, 1826 ; nor would his Excellency, otherwise, have
consented to become the bearer of them. The Minister
Plenipotentiary of his Britannic Majesty ranks too high
to be the mere courier of a foreign Sovereign. It is al-
leged, and perhaps not without foundation, that Sir
Charles Stuart could not have received fresh instructions,
or powers, from his Government within the period elapsed
after the death of Don John VI. We must, however,
naturally infer, that he acted in consequence of preihous
general instructions; but if otherwise, that his conduct
afterwards was fully sanctioned by his Government. One
of those alternatives is not denied ; therefore it is still
evident, and has been publicly avowed, that the Bri-
tish Government impressed the Portuguese nation with
the belief, that all those steps had been adopted with
its perfect concurrence. The very peremptory recal
of Sir Charles Stuart from Lisbon furnishes another proof
of the approbation of the British Cabinet ; for, as Mr.
Canning declared in Parliament, on the 12th December,

1826, it was prompted by the desire of doing away with

all idea of force or compulsion, and to let the Portuguese
enjoy all due credit for their voluntary and spontaneous
acceptance of the institutions granted by Don Pedro.
In carrying into execution the measures of which Sir
Charles Stuart had been the bearer, and in the most
important acts of the Regency of Portugal since that
period, Sir William A'Court, now Lord Heytesbury, ex-
ercised very material influence, by advising, dissuading,
and even threatening, though he never made any direct
propositions. Every Portuguese, conversant with the
political affairs of his country, will long bear in mind how
his Excellency endeavoured to accustom the nation to
the idea of Don Miguel's future regency, and the won-
derful moral reform and change of principles in that
Prince, which he was continually proclaiming. Sir
William A'Court had the good sense, or good fortune,
to leave Portugal at the moment when the best merited
recriminations began to be most loudly heard : he did
not, however, exonerate his country from the heavy (at
least moral) responsibility, incurred by the powerful in-
fluence which Great Britain, for so long a period, had

always been accustomed to exercise in all the important
affairs of Portugal, which gave rise to its being called in
European diplomacy " England's privileged ally." To

have resigned this influence in ordinary times might have

been an act of laudable generosity; but it becomes un-
feeling cruelty, when its exercise might be the means of

healing or preventing dreadful evils.
The policy of the British Cabinet with respect to the
affairs of Portugal has been, and continues to be, so com-
bined, and perfectly in unison, with that of Austria, that
I feel fully entitled to attribnte to the former the diplo-
matic acts of the latter, and therefore to ascribe to both
the mission sent to Brazil by the one only, for the purpose
of soliciting Don Pedro IV. not to insist on the Infant
Don Miguel's departure for Rio de Janeiro, but to appoint
him Regent of Portugal, and which purpose was obtained.
Impartiality compels me to abstain from any comments,
which might naturally occur respecting a fact, as incon-
trovertible as it is essential to the elucidation of the pre-
sent question.

Previous to Don Miguel's arrival in Lisbon, confe-

relicts were held with him or his representatives at
Vienna and London, at which the Plenipotentiaries of
England and Austria were present, and took an active
part ; in corroboration of which we have the fact of their
having accepted the assurances of the Infant, and in re-
turn promised him iu the name of their masters to use
their interest at the Court of Rio de Janeiro to obtain
from Don Pedro his complete and final abdication, as

also immediately to send the youthful Queen, his daughter,
to Europe, to neither of which steps was he bound by
any of his preceding acts :—for, the marriage de priesenti
neither had been, nor could as yet be celebrated for want
of the required age on her side ; and this was one of the
essential conditions of the original abdication. As to the
young Queen's departure for Europe, no period had ever
been fixed upon : on the contrary, it had been left to the
Emperor's discretion, when in the contract of espousals

celebrated at Vienna on the 29th October, 1826, it was
stipulated, that the marriage should be celebrated at Rio
de Janeiro, or wherever it might best please his Imperial
Majesty. Hardly had the protocols of these conferences
reached Brazil, but the Emperor hastened to comply with
the wishes of his August Allies ; and if it so happened
that he did not wait for a more formal solicitation, still
the instructions to that effect were already on their way:
thus it was that Don Pedro completed his abdication in
favour of his daughter, by the decree of the ad March,
1828, and on the sth of July following be sent the Queen
in person to Europe.

From the consideration of this mass of indisputable
facts, it results, that Great Britain has exercised a very great
and active influence in all the essential proceedings which
have brought the Portuguese question to its present em-
barrassed state ; and for this very reason is bound to
unite her efforts with those of the lawful Sovereign to
crush the usurpation, and restore legitimacy. Neutrality,
in the present stage of the case, is worse than absolute
hostility.
That England is not in open war with the Infant Don
Miguel, needs no demonstration, and the patient for-
bearance withwhich this spirited nation has borne the in-
solent outrages offered to it by the Usurper, is not a little
marvellous. I have not, however, found it quite so easy,
indeed I have vainly endeavoured to discover on what
grounds Mr. Peel intends to establish his assertion in the
House of Commons, that this Government is at peace
with the Government, de facto; of Portugal. Being at
peace is not a mere negative state ; it supposes recogni-
tion, friendly relations, and a possibility of diplomatic
intercourse. And how is it possible for England to be
at peace with the Usurper, and at the same time to
have acknowledged, and continue to acknowledge, Donna
Maria 11. as the lawful Queen ? To be at peace with a
Government with whom all diplomatic intercourse has
abruptly ceased, involves a contradiction. Between
peace and war, there is an intermediate state, an anoma-
lous one indeed, and for that reason, less susceptible of
being clearly defined : this is the situation of England
and other European Powers with regard to Don
Miguel. In such circumstances, peace is impossible,
and to pretend to a perfect neutrality, between acknow-
ledged right and manifest usurpation, seems dangerous,
while it ill accords with the nature and consequences of
the acknowledgment. But can England be perfectly
neutral in this cause ? Most assuredly not ; and for a very
obvious reason, because hitherto she has not consistently
preserved neutrality.
This country did not observe strict neutrality when, in
the beginning of 1828, the British forces were ordered to
remain in Portugal, to protect, and support the Govern-
ment of the Infant Don Miguel, as the Duke of Welling-
ton declared in the House of Lords on the liith July of the
same year. It was this protection and assistance which
enabled the Infant to dissolve the Legislative Chambers,
to dismiss hundreds of Military Officers, and such public
Functionaries as were most conspicuous for their honour
and firmness of character, and also many of the Municipal
Corporations, appointing to their places the leaders and
most zealous partisans of the usurping faction. Thus
protected and assisted, the Infant was enabled to arrest
such persons as might resist his nefarious projects, to
stablish throughout the whole kingdom the system of
tumultuary petitions, and riots, either positively ordered
or openly favoured by the Ministers of State and principal
agents of Government, presenting to the world, perhaps
for the first time, the hideous phenomenon of a Govern-
ment legitimately created, and sustained by British forces,
made directly subservient to a most atrocious conspiracy.
This country most assuredly did not evince much neu-
trality, when, on the 16th of J uly, 1828, Lord ABERDIEN
made in Parliament that remarkable declaration, already
transcribed, so favourable to the partisans of the Usurper,
and detrimental to the faithful adherents of legitimacy :
so positive a declaration, though evidently unjust, when
made by a respectable Member of that Government,
which always exercised so decided an influence over the
minds of the Portuguese, and the resolutions of their
Government, destroyed all thought of neutrality ; re-
doubled the ferocity of the usurping faction, and
thoroughly perplexed those who, from their fidelity to
their oath and lawful Sovereign, were indiscriminately
designated as subverters and demagogues, and most
harshly treated by the same Government from which
they had expected favour and protection. The Usurper
knew how to appreciate the advantages likely to accrue to
his cause from that part of the Noble Earl's speech, and
ordered it to be published in the Lisbon Gazette, when at
the same time all extracts from the English Papers were
rigorously prohibited.
July 15. J. A. LUSITANUEL

The following remarks on the usurpation of Don
MIGUEL, are extracted from a late number of the
Bombay Courier. In furnishing another powerful argu-
ment against the petty tyrant of Portugal, these obser-
vations prove the deep interest which is felt on this ques-
tion, in the remotest quarters of the civilized world:

" We cannot allow that Don Miguel has been chosen by the
Portuguese people In the absence of well-founded claims. We see
in his elevation nothing bat the accomplishment of the views of a
faction, of whom he is the willing instrument; the attainment of
a usurpation so revolting to the body of the people, that their assent
has only been yielded while the axe, the dungeon. and the scaffold.
remained the dreadful alternatives. Had be really been called by
she wan to All a throne left recant by its kgitiseate, but unmake
successor—the successor provided by the km Vibe canary—we
could have forgotten his conduct to his father, his violation of every
oath, his acknowledgment (when at Vienna) of his brother's right
to succeed. We could have (moues too the claims of lineal
descent put forth by au undeseaviog opponent, and have shouted
rimes with the most enthusiastic Lusitanian in his dominions. But
the whole demeanour of Don Pedro, admits of no conclusion fa-
vourable to Dos Miguel. Apart from the question of his right
founded upon the national laws regulating succession, we And him,
so far from treating his native country as a mere colony, giving bis
subjects credit for sharing in the light of the age, and the general
spirit of the times, and offering them, with true paternal affection,
a form Of Government more consonant to their national rights and
liberties than any under which they have hitherto lived. So far
from being the elect of a party, Don Pedro is (or was until his late
formal abdicadoe in his daughter's favour) King of Portugal by
inheritance ; for four months be was acknowledged to be such by
all parties, and would have so continued but for the mistake be
committed is fancying that his intriguing mother and the priest•
hood and Noblemen about her, would tolerate the Infraction of
their ancient privileges, by the establishment of a new Commit edam"