The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1852-03-02 00:00:00

Till this day twelvemonth, we take. leave of the illus-
trious St. David of Wales, one of the Seven Champions
of Christendom, as we have read in our boyhood. We must
imitate the practice of one of his biographers, who says—
" Manie thousands of miracles have been wrought by the
rneritts of this holy man, which for brevity's sake we
omitt." And though the leek does not figure in the ar-
morial bearings of our Sovereign, may it long be asso-
ciated with the fraternal plants—the rose, the shamrock,
and the thistle !

CELEBRATION OF ST. DAVID'S Dill.
IN LIVERPOOL, YESTERDAY.

Yesterday being St. David's Day, it was celebrated in
this town with great enthusiasm. Divine service was
held in St. David's Church. Prayers were read in the
ancient British language, by the Rev. W. Hughes; and
the Rev. R. Edwards, Vicar of Mytton, Yorkshire,
preached a very impressive and appropriate sermon to a
very numerous congregation,—the rev. gentleman select-
ing his text from the Ist St. Peter, 3d chapter, and Bth
and 9th verses. , ,

On Sunday excellent and appropriate sermons were
preached in the morning, afternoon, and evening at St.
David's Church, in English, by the Rev. Geo. Aspinall,
Ph. D., and the Rev. A. Hume, D.C.L. ; and in Welsh
by the Rev. E. J. Williams and the Rev. R. Edwards,
vicar of Mytton, Yorkshire.

Toast—" The Lord Bishop and Clergy of the Diocese."
The Rev.Wit,LiAm HUGHES, incumbent of St. David's,
responded. He was sure the Lord Bishop of Chester well
deserved the compliment they had just paid him ; his at.
tainments as a scholar, his activity and faithfulness as a
bishop, were only equalled by his urbanity as a gentle-
man, and his meekness and kindness as a Christian. He
was persuaded, that if all the clergy of the diocese were to
take the bishop for a model, its wilderness would soon he
like Eden, and its desert would blossom as the rose. It
was usual on that day to say something about Wales and
Welshmen. Perhaps there was no country in the world
where the antiquarian could roam with greater delight
than in the one which they were proud to call their native
land. Its natural wildness and romantic beauty, its fer-
tile vales and towering mountains, would fairly vie with
any other country. Her grateful rivers, ever varying as
they flowed, presented a countless succession of scenery
calculated to enchant the mind and to fill the soul with
rapture. It was no wonder that an eminent tr yeller ob-
served, that he had ascended the Alps, the Apennines,
the Sabine hills, and the Tyrolese, yea had travelled along
the shores of the Adriatic, over the glaciers of Switzer-
land, and along the banks of the Rhine ; but he acknow-
ledged that he had never seen anything so fine, yea so
many pictures concentered in one spot, as he had seen in
Wales. (Hear.) It had been well observed that the
peculiar characteristic of any country had a great influence
on its inhabitants, not to mention the strength and elas-
ticity of their bodily frames, rendered vieorous as they
had been by the purity of their native air. He thought
he was justified in saying that the variety and grandeur
of the scenery they had been accustomed to, their lofty
mountains, huge rocks, roaring cataracts, terrific storms,
and pealing thurders, had a tendency to convince them of
the littleness of man and the majesty of the treat Creator;
to elevate their minds from Nature to Nature's God,
and thus to be to a great extent instrumental towards
forming that moral, upright, and religious character which
was so conspicuous among the sons of Cambria. (Hear.)
He envied not the taste of that man who did not realise
the presence of the Deity in all things ; who did not
hear the voice of the Almighty in the extensive forest, as
of old amid the trees of the garden ; and who, in the soli-
tary wilderness, was ever alone :

" 0 lost to virtue, lost to manly thought,
Lost to the noble sallies of the soul—
Who think it solitude to be alone."

(Applause.) Of all the nations of the earth, the Welsh
were perhaps the most loyal, and yet the least noticed ;
the most patriotic, but the least honoured ; the most peace-
able, but in many things the most oppressed. Honesty,
integrity, a high tone of national spirit, a becoming pride
that would never truckle to baseness, were striking traits
in the character of the Welsh. Hospitality, too—as ono
remarked, that affection which would take root in every
nation, but which retreated in general from the seats of
opulence and luxury—was peculiarly adapted to the dispo-
sition of the Welsh ; and wherever an opportunity had oc-
curred, he (the rev. speaker) had witnessed its fascinating
influence; that ever-blooming flower frequently adorned
those rugged tracts, which seemed almost impervious to
the haunts of men ; in the most dreary wilds it charmed
the weary senses of the traveller, and it flourished emi-
nently in the remotest valleys of Cambria.

" Such are the sons of Cambria's ancient race,
A race that checked victorious Caesar, awed
Imperial Rome, and forced mankind to own
Superior virtues Britons only knew,
Or only practis'd, for they nobly dar'd
To face oppression ; and where Freedom finds
Her aid invok'd, there will the goddess fly."
The rev. gentleman sat down amidst loud cheers.
The PRESIDENT, in submitting the next toast, "The
Mayor and Town Council of Liverpool," said it gave him
much pleasure to do so, inasmuch as he believed the civic
chair of the council chamber had never been better filled
by any dignitary than at the present time. As regarded
the present mayor, it was well known he was possessed of
every qualification necessary for the high office he held.
(Cheers.) He believed that gentleman was closely con-
nected with many of the principal branches of the trades
of this town, and they were those trades that had brought
Liverpool to what it was—the largest shipping port in the
world. He believed their present worthy mayor was a
merchant, a broker, and a shipowner ; and if they only
looked at his heroic conduct on the unfortunate occasion
of the burning of the Ocean Monarch, they could not but
also feel he was a no less brave sailor. (Hear, hear.)
With regard to the town councillors, their qualities were
so various and numerous, it was quiteunnecessary to dilate
upon them ;—(loud laughter)—but ho had no doubt that
under their good auspices Liverpool would continue to
prosper, satisfied that her prosperity would ensure the
elevation and happiness of the whole world. (Cheers.)
Mr. ROGERS briefly returned thanks, expressing his
concurrence in every word that had fallen from the chair
with respect to their worthy Mayor, and assuring the
meeting that the members of the Town Council generally
had no other motive in view than the good government of
the town of Liverpool. (hear, hear.)
The VICE-PRESIDENT congratulated the members that
they had that day been honoured by the attendance of so
many learned and gifted gentlemen ; and he was sure that
the countenance and approbation of such important per-
sonages could not fail to make more firm the foundation
and more lasting the prosperity of the society. (Cheers.)
He had great pleasure in giving the health of the
" Honorary Members and Strangers who have honoured
us with their company."
Mr. J. M. 11EFFER first responded to the compliment.
He concluded some remarks, in praise of the beautiful and
romantic scenery of Wales, by observing that the district
of Bangor, within the radius of a few miles, presented as
many or more objects of natural curiosity to interest, and
more triumphs of skill and human energy to excite admi-
ration, than could be found in any other part of the wide
world. (Cheers.)
3r. Cool:,
re-
turned thanks.
Mr. JONES (Everton) proposed the health of the Rev.
Mr. Edwards, and thanks to him for the excellent and
impressive discourse he had delivered in the morning at
St. David's Church. (llear, hear.)
The Rev. Mr. EDWARDS, in acknowledging the com-
pliment, expressed the great gratification it had given him
to be amongst them that evening, and especially to be
present at the interesting examination of the Welsh
scholars, the recipients of their bounty, at the institution
in Russell-street, that morning.
Several honorary members were then proposed to the
meeting ; after which, Mr. E. P. JONES gave a short
account of the progress
introduced in our introductory
remarks.
and state of the society, an
epitome of which we have
ROGERSc president,etht
y. then plr,oht proposed ol‘sierd.
sentimentthep t
y n 1 i
teeawrl health
and
ndodrf
success
theirunekcwith
e s
sto thworthye
Cambrian
ue.
abnd
io
uhndripa°er e°lcoKt set'ilod
m Kaaccompanied by musical honours,
ard
Mr.
eeai I
.0 , and other visitors, also

AT a meeting of the Polytechnic Society, last even 4;"
the President in the chair, a paper of great interest we
read by Mr. Hobbs, the celebrated American. illustrated
by a large number of diagrams, models, &c. He is a
man, unlike one who would defy bolts, and, like I.4°'-itia
" laugh at locksmiths." He read his lecture,and he saeB:o
with great fluency. He is of English parents, though, "ea
believe, not born in this country. It will be borne Irc
mind that this subject was brought before the Ilis!°rbli
Society, about three years ago, in an elegant. memoir
re
Mr. Edward Higgin, and in the society's volume the„t
were copious illustrations by Mr. Pidgeon. Since tt
time a paper by Mr. Chubb, C.E., was published 12;
one of the metropolitan societies, before which it bad hee
read.
Mr. HOBBS reviewed the whole subject of locks, Otaill
chronological order, but according to their structure.. "-•
first directed attention to the Egyptian lock, into whic"of
series of pegs fell. It was opened by a key with a roal‘
prongs, and the mode of picking it was easily shay;
r.
Passing over various alterations which have been ma,,,
he directed attention to the " letter padlock," or wto
where a peculiar arrangement of letters, known onlY.ti,
oneindividual, is supposed to produce perfect sear.' '0
Mr. Hobbs took up a piece of bent wire, and inseql,o
turned it almost without looking at it, when it readdY,iiii
open. He next directed attention to the lock called the "
lock, and showed its connexion, in principle, with
One of this kind is said to have been invented bY rA it
Brown, Eqq., M.P., and when shown to him he s!l",is
was the best he had seen of the sort, for the princilv°o
not new. He was surprised to see his own statetnoo
quoted as if he had said the " best he had seen."
.„t0
visited Mr. Brown's office, and was shown his verl.,„"o,
locks : showing how they could be opened. Mr. Br°"or
who had himself entered, was retiring to give nim a" top
portunity of trying, when he requested him to 5 d
and close the door of the safe, which he had oPeinera
almost in a moment. Another kind of lock, w:11e,
pins go into desks, is opened on the same prineiitt
The tumbler locks are described by the Messrs. Chubb., red
various published pamphlets. This was long consider of
a perfect lock, for it admitted changes. the varietlena
which actually amounted to billions. He described 'O6
showed the instruments by which it may be opened's:o
produced a large wooden one, which he opened had
his fingers. A collection of locks which ',either
seen in Birmingham, sufficiently shows that ae.,by
the tumbler nor the detector was first discovere"4,o
the persons to whom it is currently attributed. .I;ech
Bramah lock and its intricacies was next esPlal the
It is opened on the principle of direct pressure 0,10
disc. and then feeling nicely for the incisions, which verito
when on the plate, and readily open. The it ;
were exhibited by which he had succeeded in oleill'ounclO
and he corrected some errors which have gone the ft be
of the papers, respecting the length of time the lock
was occupied in picking it. He had not seen tuus by
before. From the principle of certain American lot ea opeo
Andrews, and also by Newall, only one key Nu' There
the lock, and there could not be a duplicate key..
was, however, access to the keyhole in both, w111°,700 00
dered them insecure. Newall, during a contee' hut 60,
the subject, succeeded in picking that of Andrews;
the principle was the same, this showed the insecurno;_o,
his own lock. Another kind of lock was then ah "he
which exhibited
le
Thanks were voted unanimously to Mr. Hobbs. f°r
0,16
urecosedpeculiar advantages in security ; and
.
11, 't lect— 'z separated. 114 e _taff

Aenand the meeting
room,
dmsoomf
ethweerße ouynaalbllentstoitguatiinonadwmaisssfiiolnle.d to overfl 0013'

THE SHIP MANHATTAN.—This monster vessel ro'cli,
the comsms
thanando7fsCoaperntaiignrEan.S.e3"pef
on nith Saturday, u
complementrda y un de r
of no less
were shipped by Messrs. C. Hill and Co. cipsl
TREASURY CLERKS.—Mr. S. R. M. Leake, P-1a e.-;
clerk assistant to the secretaries of the Treasury, bey
tired after a service of 50 years. Mr. Leake is se"ce-oli°
by Mr. W. H. Stephenson, one of the senior clerk price
was private secretary to Sir Robert Peel whenrs
Minister. Mr. Stephenson is succeeded by ~
Courtenay, one of the assistant clerks.—Observer• nder
THE NATIONAL CLUB.—We have been given to I,llt.
stand that the Committee of the National Club 115°..,
chased Ailsa House (a very large mansion), opees,ll"offirt
Treasury, and in the immediate neighbourhood of 11Es
ing-street. The success of Sir G. Brook Bridges °cap bi
Kent has been greatly attributed to the exertions 131,:daf,".
this club, of which he has long been a member —Slat- 6,0',;
THE ADMIRALTY INQUIRY REGARDING 'THE "--I",iiti,e
ING OF VESSELS AFLOAT.—We believe general °,Piitt
was expressed by the parties who were examined. °Jed ".
lights now employed by steamers should be exten bold
sailing vessels under weigh—viz., red on starboard,
green on larboard ; and white light at the mastheaap;b, COto
that vessels at anchor should hoist the white light °od,
the mast. The proceedings are likely, we understs
Ate°
occupy several days.—Snipping Gazette. 10"oe
THE ARMY ESTIMATES. On Friday the arniY3 130,0
for the current year, ending the 31st of March, I',,titeclel.
been printed. The amount to be provided for:.9SO.'y
and non-effective services is £6.010,372, being X'p' ffeci'd
for effective services, and £2,024,064 for non-A-o,,itog
services. The increase on the effective is £112,01‘1"of
the decrease on the non-effective service £28,21".,' roberlil
the increase in the estimates of £B-1,427. Then 90'0
all ranks for the current year is 101,937, agaileiall4ol
of the year expiring on the 31st of March next, P
increase of 3,223, exclusive of the troops in t ftl
Ot
IL`TRH NAVY ESTIMATES for the year 1852-3 sIT.
.£5 662.488, or £111,271 less than the vote of issh"
WELLESLEY V. WELLESLEY.—An appeal vYasjpncs'-of
Friday in the Court of Chancery by Lord -"'"ellor,of
against a decree made by the late vice-chilli% sditiot
England, in a suit instituted by Lady Morningt° eldtd
in forms pauperis, by which his honour decitiff3t
Lady Mornington had a right to enforce as 0010" ailtect
Wellesley certain provisions covenanted to bathe
him in favour of his father, Lord Mornington
of this declaration being to secure to Lady I";_°.:set eit
an annuity of £l,OOO, agreed to be paid to her %le
of separation between her and Lord Morningtollee
lordships dismissed the appeal, declaring the cle,crt, Toci
by the vice-chancellor to have been clearly rig';', ~of
also, on the authority of " Rubery v. Morris, At
naghten and Gordon, gave to the plaintiff, th°°'
in forma' pauperis, costs. ,00r,9'
THE AMA7.ON.—By a letter from Soutbsrtlie
appears hopes may be entertained that more °J..° Oti„iriot
sengers and crew of the ill-fated Amazon 1",30-0,rit
existence. On the 29th of December last, four bill' ti)s
to the selling of the Amazon, the bark Cambrs,ttb
Mr. 'White, of Cowes, cleared out from that ettbstvel,
West Indies. There is every reason to belielebeiatilil
was the bark seen near the Amazon. Her sails ,ribe 08/
will account for their white appearance, as es,,,"brOi,ole
the survivors of the burning steamer. The '-'9" fore fro'
supplied with a patent life boat, and would thcre,ol dre
the means of saving any persons who had esci'rsist°,,e;
the Amazon by sending such a boat to their pot ripOo
As she was a new ship, and behind her time, 4 she,"
bable she would put back to land in England 9flione
have saved, especially as she was bound to a.-e dee
as the Amazon.—Times.

LIVERPOOL : a 5/. 6
TUESDAY, MARCIE 2, 1'
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