Star.
London, England, 1821-07-06 00:00:00

PRIVY COUNCIL.

THE QUEEN'S RIGHT TO BE CROWNED.

FURTHER PARTICULARS
IN CONTINCAT:ON PROM THZ STAR or TESTXRDAT.
The following is a Copy of the principal Memorial
of her MAJESTY, addressed to the KING in Council :
" To TIM KING'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJUTT, IN COUNCIL
ASSEItILEM.
" Tug MEMORIAL OP Het MAJESTY THE Q.C1221.

" Sheweth, that your Majesty bas, by your Royal Procla-
mation, bearing date at Carlton-house, the 9th day of June in-
stant, declared your Royal will and pleasure to celebrate the so-
lemnity of your Royal Coronation upon Thursday, the 19th day
of July next, at your Palace at Westminster; but that direr.
,tions: have not been given for the Coronation of the Queen. as
hath heretofore been accustomed on the like occasions.

" That divers of your Majesty's subjects, by ancient customs SOP-situr co . . .
nsecratto Regina, que propk Co r norificen-
and usages of these realms, as also in regard of divers tenures tia-m ab episcopo sari unigtams oleo super verikern
of sundry, manors, lands, and other hereditament., do claim,
and are bound to do and perform divers services on the day andPerfundenda est et in twain coram optimatibus cum
at the time of the Coronation of the Queen-consort of these condigno d honore regia celsitudine in regalia thori
es realms, as in times precedent of their anct and as those • benedicenda et conseeranda at que etiam
from whom they claim, have done and performedconsortium
at the Coro-nation of the Queen-consort in times past. . anulo pro integritate
ufidci, et corona pro ceternitatis
gloria decormula est. The words he had quoted
" That the Queen most dutifully claims, as of right, to cele-
shewed
brate the ceremony of her Royal Coronation ; and to preserve, the ceremonial for the Queen, formally pro-
as welt her Majesty's said right, as the aforesaid lawful rights mulgated at so early a period as that to which he
and inheritances of others of your Majesty's subjects. ' had referrech, It was an authentic order from com-
" The Queen respectfully prays, that your Majesty will be putout authority. Such was the solemnity as de
graciously pleased forthwith to issue your Royal Proclamation, -
scribed
in an -ancient and venerable order- of eel
thereby to appoint the same 19th day of July next, at Westmin.
ii l i emona, enjoining .attention ger aforesaid, to celebrate the ceremony of her Coronation as remonial, attention for the Queen's Co-
Q,ueen-eonserc, and to direct that all such as by the said cns- ronation, in the same manner, and from al/ persons,
toms and usages and tenures are bound to do and perform the as was usual do
such
occasions for the King.--
services aforesaid, do duly give their attendances accordingly at 1 •
It, in ins opinion, established the fact, that the two
the said day and time of the Coronation aforesaid, in all respects
ceremonials
furnished as to so great a solemnity appertaineth, and answer. als were linked together and conjoined ;that
able to the dignities and places which every one of them boldeth the Coronation of the Queen-consort with ber bus-
and cnioyeth ; and further, that your Majesty svill he graciously band the King was quite a matter of course. Then,
pleased to issue your Royal Commission under your great seal,
again, as to the practice of Monarchs when the Co-
sispointing Commissioners to receive, bear, and determine, the ronation took difference was
petitions and claims which shall be made to them in this behalf. place in France, the only
.‘ And the Queen as in duty bound shall ever pray." as to place, the King's taking place at Rheims, and
Mr. BROUGHAM commenced his address by observ-
the Queen's, he believed, at Nantes, but he was not
ing, that the duty which devolved uponhim, as one of certain of the place for the latter. Having referred
her Majesty's Counsel, was to argue the question to the Saxon Chronicles, he should come at once to
whether the Queen Consort of these Realms, as a the Norman line. He believed that it appeared that
matter of right, ought to be crowned. That the William the Conqueror was married to Matilda
King bad the right of being crowned was a proposi- eleven years before the Conquest. She did not come
tion which he thought he Should have no difficulty over to England with William, who was crowned inl
of supporting ; and that the Queen enjoyed the same 1066; her Coronation did not take place until 1068 ;
right, he thought he could establish upon exactly the difference as to time was capable of easy solution.'
the same legal ground. The ground upon which he William was at first greatly occupied with the agi-
tated state of public affairs, and the troubled state of
in the sense in which he thought .he should be per-
mainly relied was a uniform, uninterrupted practice,
the country which he could then have hardly been
considered to have conquered ; he brought his Queen
shitted to use and avail himself of these terms in a
over, however, in 1068, and she was then Court of Justice, and in which he should be justified
tea
private immedi-
inestablishing out of them the legal existence of any ately crowned. In this, as in other Instances prior t
the time of Henry 111. it would be found that when,
private right. That some interruptions had arisen in
this-uniform practice he was prepared to admit and owing to circumstances easy of explanation, the
explain, for they were such as did not affect the un- Queen was crowned subsequent to the King having
undergone that ceremony, he was again crowned with
interrupted right; but, in the mode in which he had
to account for them, rather sanctioned and confirmed her : the prevailing practice was certainly so ;but he
admitted that there were numerous cases in which
it. There would be two propositions which he en-
the Queen was crowned by herself. William Rufus
treated their Lordships to bear in mind while he
went through his narrative of historical facts. The was crowned immediately on his election to the
Throne: he (Mr. Brougham) called it his election,
first was the uniform exercise of the right; namely,
that no King had ever been crowned, being married for he and the next two Kings of the Norman line
at the time of his Coronation, without the Queen-
ascended the Throne rather by election than by any
claim founded upon hereditary right; for, according
consort herself partaking with the King in the so-
t
lemnity of the Coronation ; and, secondly, that there to William of Malmsbury, they were, in point of fact,
never was a Queen-consort in England who had not elected by a Council of Nobles, and crowned about.
partaken of the ceremony of the Coronation : but in eleven days after. Henry 1, was crowned four days
after William's death, namely, on the sth of August,
making these two propositions, he begged of course
to be understood as using them subject to the usual 1100; he was then unmarried: on the IRh Nov. of
qualifications of general propositions ; which were.--
that year he married Matilda, and she was crowned
being bound to shew that where any interruptions
in Martinmas of that year, probably on the very day'
had existed, they did not compromise the general of the marriage. The King afterwards married Alice,
right. With interruptions as to the first proposition of Louvain, and she was crowned on the 30th Jan.
he had but one to contend, which was capable of
1110, immediately upon her marriage. On the elic-
easy solution. As to the second, be could easily and tion of Stephen, in 1135, he was crowned, when he
satisfactorily explain whatever exceptions had arisen, swore to maintain the privileges and rights of the
for they were few, and tended :to confirm the right Nobles and Clergy, both of which classes in their turn
rt
of the Queen-consort. He would now call the atten-
gave him a conditional oath of allegiance to support
so long as he snpporttd them in their possessions.
lion of their Lordships to the series of precedents he
had to quote from former Reigns in support of the Stephen's Queen was crowned on the 22d March,
the coro-
to trace the precedents, as before that they were nation l9, 1154,
uniform right. It was said that the time of Richard
1136. Henry 11. was crowned December
the First was the point to which it might be sufficient
but there was some doubt as to the time of
of his Queen Eleanor. According to Jervis,
vague and undefined : but he was prepared not to of Canterbury, she was crowned with him; but, ac.
content himself with only beginning at Richard the cording .to others, she was crowned in 1155, and
1
First—for he had authentic materials to shew the 11;7. Henry 11. was, in fact, crowned twice, some
uniform practice which he affirmed, through the said three times; the first time he was unmarried. A
very remarkable circumstance occurred during the
whole range of British history. It was said that there
was some doubt whether, in point of fact, Queens reign of that Prince : the solemnity of .crowning his
had been crowned in the early period of Saxon eldest son took place in his (the father's) lice-time;
the Prince (or King, as he was sometimes called, from
history, but there could be none in the latter Saxon
times, as he was prepared to skew. He did not the fact of his coronation in his father's life-time)
mean to carry their Lordships into, the early. ages was married to a daughter of Louis of France, and
of Kings, when the right was settled on the field she was not
.crowned although her husband wa
of battle, and the ceremony of, crowning alone The novelty of that ()Mission of what was considered
consisted of the Crown being held over the head of
a uniform ceremony led to a complaint and remon-
strance to the King of England, and the result wa, that
the Sovereign, and the right acknowledged by the
assenting shouts of the conquering army in the field.
Louis s
—to arms, and a declatation of war; and had
in recourse for redress to the usual process
`lf that were to be termed the origin of the ceremony of King
front of his reasons for taking that step, the French
of the Coronation, then, indeed, it was cle..r, from
King placed the omission to crown his daughter with
the nature of the circumstances, that a Queen could
not partake in the ceremeny ; but there was no reher husband. So that here came an interruption to
a-
what he (Mr. Brougham) contended was a long and
son whatever for doubting, that when a more settled
order of things prevailed, the Saxon Queens, as well uninterrupted enjoyment on the part of Queens-con-
as the Kings, alike partook of the solemnity. He iii.
sort of the ceremony of coronation, with or after the
(erred the right of Queens to pat ticipate in the so-
' Kings had undergone that solemnity—an interrop-
lemnity so early as the Saxon times, from the cir- ! tion not acquiesced in by the Queen or her family,
i cumst.oice of a law being passed, in the
year 784, : but formally and solemnly complained of; and Henry
excluding Queen Adelbriga (ions the ceremony of
was at length obliged to submit, for he went over to
being crowned Queen of the West Saxons, because
France ans`l entered into sonic compromise with Louis
,
4 she had murdered herhusband. According to Spel- •to avert hostilities, and the daughter of the I!:each
m in, SelJen, and I Speed, this act was severely exec- , King was solemnly clowned at Winchester by Ili.
cisei, and considered at the time :as a severe punish- . shin's `lld- other venw able And disiiiished -4111.0-
..

cities, who were sent over from France to perform
the ceremony of her cm onation with suitable splen-
dour. There was a difference among the chroniclers
as to the fact of the kiiig being crowned again with
her at Winchester; some asserted that. he was; other!
that he was not. Richard 1. had been twice crowned;
it would be in vain to search for a record of his first
wife's coronation, for although he espoused Alice,
he never completed the marriage; and he afterWarcls
married again ; and neither Alice nor the second wife
ever at all came to England ; no w ife of Richard's
was therefore ever within the four seas. When
Richard mulled into the Sicilian family, his then
Queen was crowned in the island of Cyprus, where
he married her. So that in every view of the cere-
mony, the marriage of the Monarch appeared to
bring after it, as a necessary consequence, the coro-
nation of the .Queen, unless where reasons of acci-
dent interposed, not at all affecting the general right.
King John succeeded Richard, and was known to
have had two wives. He was crowned by himself
on the 27th of March, 1199 ; and his Queen Isabella
was crowned alone, Oct. 3, 1200. John also married
Arvisa, of Gloucester, from whom he was divoiced.
He (Mr. Brougham) could nowhere find that she had
been crowned; and here he must observe, that where
the uniform and undeviating course was that a Queen
was to be crowned, historians and chroniclers were
less likely to set down the fact that she was crowned,
than that she was not, and he took it for granted that
this Queen had been clowned, as he could trace no
record to the contrary : but suppose his (Mr. B.'s)
opponent contended she were not—and here he
must remark, that one of his difficulties in putting
his argument, was in not knowing who was to be his
opponent, with whom he was contending, or whether
he was to be replied to—but supposing he was to
have an opponent who should contend that Arvisa
was not crowned, then he should say, that even ad-
mitting such to be the case, it could be satisfactorily
accounted for without affecting his general propo-
sition. Arvisa was Duchess of Normandy, she was
left there when John• departed for England ; he was
crowned on the 27th of March, in London, in the year
1199; he left Normandy pretty much as William
did—all around him was in a troubled and unquiet
state : in little more than three weeks after his coro-
nation he had to hasten back to Normandy, where
he was smitten with Isabella. That passion, no
doubt, hurried his steps to divorce Arvisa, which,
however, it was said he had previously contemplated
before this passion had come upon him. Indeed, at
the time of Arvisa's marriage, the Archbishop who
performed the ceremony protested against thg match
on account of her consanguinity to the King : he
said that they were too near in blood, and there.
fore the contract was dissoluble by the canon law.—
The divorce of Arvisa was, in fact, going on during
the time which intervened between the King's coro-
nation and the marriage with Isabella. Arvisa never
in the interim came to England; so that her whole
case furnished a conclusive reason why she had not
enjoyed the coronation. Down to John, then, there
were eight coronations of Queens, without the Kings
being crowned at the same time, and eight with them;
in short, eight solemnities on account of the King's
royal person, including Rufus, who was unmarried.
There was the same number, the very same number,
eight, on account of Queen,, and by no means as a
mere pageant for the Kings ; they were exclusively
and entirely on account of Queens, and.they occurred
uninterruptedly down to Henry 111. who was crowned
in the year 1216; he was then unmarried; he was
afterwards married to Eleanor of Provence, on the
14th January, 1236, and she was crowned alone six
days after, namely, on the 20th of January, the King
attending in person to grace the solemnity of the
; scene. Matthew Paris described the whole cere-
, mony—the carrying of the sword of Edward the
Confessor, the Earl bearing it as Marshal of the Pa-
; lace, with the right of restraining the King " if be
acted amiss." The Red Book in the Exchequer was
, also curiously minute upon the ceremony. Edwards
, I. and H. were both crowned with their Queens; the
. first on the 19th of AtiguSt, 1274, with Eleanor, and
the second with Isabella, on the 2Lth of February,
1308. No observations arose upon either of these
ceremonies. Edward the third came to the throne
: January 26, 1326; he afterwards married Philippa,
, on the. 24th January, 1327, and she was crowned
alone in the April of the same year, and a proclama-
tion was still extant, ordering the usual solemnities
to be observed on that occasion as upon the King's
coronation.

The Earl of HARROWBY then addressed Mr.
Brougham, and said, that, as be had come toa point,
he wished to inform him that the book from the Dean
and Chapter of Westminster was now in the Council-
room, if he wished to refer to it.

The D.EAN had brought the book and a missal,-
which were deposited with the Council.
Mr. liamittast thanked his I.Ordsilip for the in-
formation, but said that he should at present prefer
pursuing his line of historic narrative, and that he
should by and by avail himself of their Lordships'
kind permission to refer to the " Liber Regalis."—
Ile then referred to a proclamation issued by the Ba-
rons of the Cinque Ports, for the attendance of their
assistants, or bearers, at the coronation of Philippa,
and which was exactly the same as that observed at
the solemnity for ctow-ning the King, and the same
services were alike in that proclamation prescribed,
and the same conditions made to depend upon-their.
performance. lle now came to'the time of Richard
11. who was crowned on the lOth of July, 1577.—.
Richard married his Qieen, Anne, on the 14th Ja-
nuary, 15$2,sand on the 22d of the same month she
was crowned. Ire afterwards married liabelia, in
the year x 397; and according► to the Close Roll in
the Tower, she was crowned alone, with the wit it
soleniaity and pomp, the Sheriffs of London havin;
been enjoined to make the usual proclamation an.l
sual:nons ;is at the coronation of the Kings, tn.:A in-
ing the .LttCitJaocc ri All these who, by virtue of their

•• • •

._~

•

. I.

pines, privilevor tenures, were under a condition..
sip teihr lbenrfreesirt such ceremony. The King
sin "tifat a+ih&t*nrbr.tring no part, it was, like the
others, the Queen's coronation as of ancienvright.—
There oas another col ious document, bearing_ date
about the period of which he was now speaking, pre-
scribing the duties of persons required to attend the
coronation, either the particular one of Isabella to
which he referred, or the general formula of corona-
tion ceremonies, he knew not which. It was in the
Cotton Collection, and contained the instructions to
the Keeper of the Wardrobe to take care and get
ready the Queen's robes " for her coronation." The
next King's reign to which he should call the atten-
tion of their Lordships was that of Henry IV. Henry
was crowned in 1377, afterwards in 1399, and his
Queen in 14.03, soon after her marriage. Henry V.
came to the throne in 1413; he was crowned in the
same year, and eight years after, namely, in 1421,-
be came over from France to attend the coronation
of his Queen, Catherine, who was in that year
crowne I alo -.e. The Close Roll- at the Tower con-
tained the summonses for the performance of ser-
vices up.at that o:casion. Henry VI. was, upon his
accession. an infant only a few months old. lie was
not crowne.! till 1429 ; he was a second time crowned
in 1431, and again in 1145; on May the.3oth, when
he was married to Nlargarate, who was herself
crowned with the usual romp and ceremony. He
should now, in ftirther support of the uniformity of
the practice of the coronation of Queens, refer to the
law of Scotland about the period of history at which
he was passing. The Scottish documents upon the
subject were by no means so perfect upon matters of
ceremony as other records of antiquity elsewhere,
but they contained enough to establish the fact, that
no King of Scotland who was married at the time of
his coronation was ever crowned without his Consort;
or, where the marriage took place afterwards, was
there an instance in which a Scottish Queen was not,
crowned a; soon as possible after she became Queen.
He stated this proposition upon the broadest possible
ground, and he had also to adduce a remarkable
circumstance to their Lordships, which was, that in,
the Scottish Statute Law was a record having refer-1
ence to the cm ()nation rights of Queens-consort of Scot.'
land. He held in his hand a little book, yet small as it
was it contained a digest of the statute law of ,Scot-
-land for a period of 200 years. It was a compilation
made five years after the return of James I. and con-
tained words not only binding upon him, but also
his successors at all times. Now he claimed the pri-
vilege of using this digest of the Scottish statute
law, as a precedent since the Union of the two king-
doms, upon the authority of an Act of one of the
Houses of Parliament in England ; for the House of
Commons, by its Committee in the year 1788, upon
the first Regency question, did direct a search for
precedents to be made in the Szottish records, and
they did report upon their (the Scottish) authority,
as well as upon the English precedents—they held
them alike illustrative. The Learned Counsel then
referred to the Act 1428 in the Scottish Statutes,
c. 109, passed in the Bth Parliament of James I. and
read the following t‘ Airh (oath) to be ma le to the
Queene, be the Cl.rrgie an I the Baronnes
" Quo die Dominus Rex, ex deliberatione et column oath*
concilii, statuit, quad omnes et singuli successores prelatoruza
regni, quorumcunque, necnon omnes singuli hasredes fururi
atitum, baronum, omniumque libere-tenentium Domini Regis:
. teneantur fame consimile juramentum Dominic nevus Regina.
Nec ultus przlatus de cetero admittatur ad suam temporalitatem,
ant hares cujusvis tenentis Dominis Regis ad Ma tenendrias,
nisi prius przstet Regina Mud jummentum."
He contended that, from this authority of the Scot-
tish statutes, his case respecting the rights of a Queen-
consort, so far as the coronation ceremony was con-
cerned, was rendered irresistibly strong. Coming
from the precedents of the Scottish law to the period
of English history at which he had broken off; he'
had to call their Lordships attention to the time of
Edward IV. That King was crowned in the year
1161, but he was then unmarried, and his Queen,
Elizabeth of Woodville, was crowned in 1465, im-
mediately after her marriage. There remained in the
Cottonian Manuscripts a document entitled Ordo Co-'
ronationis Edwardi Qaarti ; and in that there was a me-
morandum. Pro coronatione Regina. cunt sole" coro-
R2itr. There was also in this document a memoran-
dum respecting the forms to be observed in the coro-
nation of a King when crowned alone. Richard 111.
aid Anne were crowned together in 1483. Henry VII.
upon whom, more than once, observation would arise,
obtained his title in three ways—by marriage, by con-
quest, and by descent ; but notwithstanding this, he
always considered his deicent his principal title, or,
to use the words of Lord Bacon, " lie traced his

descent as his main, and his marriage and conquest
as supporters." This language was held by not only
the adherents of the House of Lancaster, but by the
. faction of the House of York. He meant faction in
the legal sense, and applied that term to a party out
of power. Henry VII. was crowned immediately
after the battle of Bosworth, and before the meeting
of Parliament, but he immediately called a Parlia-
ment, which held the same language, and in the first
Session passed an Act limiting the Crown to Henry
VII. and the heirs of his body generally, and de-
claring that be had a full and perfect right to the
Crown. In this Act there was no mention of Eliza-
- Beth, who WAS still a Princess, and it was matter of
doubt whether she would be a Queen, because it was
the policy of Henry not to fulfil the oath which he
had made to marry her, if he should be successful.
That Monarch had determined not to marry Eliza-
beth, but he at last consented on the 14th January,
1486, he being crowned in October,l4Bs. Elizabeth
was always treated as Queen-consort, and consider-
ing that Henry was more jealous of her title, that
he was more disposed to reign without her, and that
he was anxious to have his title recognised by Parlia-
ment before his marriage, which, if he could have
avoided, he would have never performed, it was not
wonderful that he should abstain from doing any
thing which would savour of a doubt of the legality
of his title. These reasons were sufficient for him
(Mr. Brougham) to shew that strong reasons delayed
this ceremony. Elizabeth was always treated as
Queen-consort, and if other Queens-consort were so
xi cited, such reasons for delaying the solemnity might
be justifiable. To skew the di.position of the people
at that time, Lord Bacon stated, " that the marriage
of Henry was a greater cause of triumph to the
people than bis entry 'and coronation—the demon-
suations of which the King rather noted than liked."
Ile should now beg leave to statt, that Margaret of

York, the aunt of Elizabeth, was at that time married
to the Duke of Burgundy, and that she on that occa-
sion said, " that she could not see without trouble
that Henry VII. did not let her niece be crowned, an
honour which no Queen of England since the Con-
sitsest had been debar ed of, and she was astonished
that the birth of a son did not induce him to do her
that justice." He knew not that he could on a ques-
tion of heraldry, or on a matter connected with the
Royal Family, have a better authority than such a
personage as Margaret, one who had mixed in the
politics of those times, the remaining branch of a
family, passing her less active moments in meditating
upon the rights of the family with which she was
connected to the Crown, and upon everything which
savoured of 'Royalty, but more particularly those
rights which had been exercised in former times; he
did not think, upon a question offact.(he did not .ay
right), that he could have a better witness. Margaret
then decidedly pronounced that it was an honour not
denied to any Queen since the Conquest, and consi-
dering that up to her time there had been no Queens
Regnant, she must have meant Qneens•consort.—
Elizabeth was at last crowned on the 25th November,
1487 ; and, to use the words of Lord Bacon, " it was
All old christening, that staid a long time for god-
father," This Coronation was announced by a Pro.
clamation similar to that which had announced his
own two years and a month before, and the order of
it, as would be seen in the Close Roll, and in Rymer,
was similar to that obserted at all other Coronation.
of Queens-consort. If their Lordships would pause
here, it would be found that since the Conquest nine-
teen Kings had been crowned, that eighteen of them
had been married, either before or after the Corona-
tion, and that the Queens of these eighteen had been
crowned. He did not know whether Margaret 11.
wife. of Edward I. had been crowned with him ; but
out of these Coronations, fifteen had been for Kings
alone, and fourteen (fifteen reckoning Margaret) for
Queens—for the purpose of conferring something
upon Queens, whatever might be the benefit to them
or to the country he would not say. He assumed
that Margaret had been crowned, and therefore that
as many Queens as Kings had, within that period,
been crowned. With respect to Henry VIII. it was
well known that he was crowned with Catharine of
Airagon ; and upon her divorce, that he was crowned
with Anne Boleyn t—thus far was Henry no exceps
tion to the rule which he first laid down, that the
`King being married at the time of Coronation, there
never was an instance of the Queen not being crowned
with him ; and under the peculiar circumstances of
that reign, he did not think the fact that he had four
wives,, without being crowned at all, made against
'his general proposition., After the death of Anne
Boleyn, Henry married Jane Seymour ; but he was I
then placed in such a situation, that it could be hardly
said to be possible to celebrate the Coronation. Henry
was in this situation : he had quarrelled with the
Pope—he had quarrelled with the Emperor; and
when he looked at home, he could have no reliance
on the Church. With the Reformed Party he was
no better, because he did on one day an act most
odious to them, in beheading their patroness, Anne
Boleyn, and on the morrow espousing her for the
love of whom he had done them this injury.—
If Lady Jane had lived longer, Henry might have
overcome everything ; but she died the day after de-
livery, and he married Anne of Cleves, whose'case
did not make any exception, because on the first day
of her marriage he began to procure a divorce, to
which she at last agreed. With respect to Catherine
Howard, she was immediately after her marriage
discovered to be incontinent, and such was the state
of Ecclesiastical affairs from the time of her death to
that of Henry VIII. that he (Mr. Brougham) should
not at all wonder, if Catherine Parr had not (a fact
which no person had a right to assume) been crowned.
Neither the reigns of Edward, Mary, or Elizabeth,
afforded him matter for any observations upon this
subject, and he should, therefore, come to, the reign
of James I. who with his Queen had 'been crowned.
Charles I. ascended the Throne on the 23d March,
1625, and in some time after, a Proclamation was
issued in the usual terms of Proclamations for the
Coronation of a King; and the Proclamation ran
thus, " for ourselves and our dearly beloved consort."
This Proclamation was issued on the 17th of January,
1626, and it stated that the Coronation would take
place on the 2d of February following. On the 30th
of January, a Proclamation was issued for creating
Knights of the Bath, but in this the words 6, our
dearly beloved consort" were omitted, and indeed it
was not surprising that in a Proclamation for creating
Knights of the Bath, in which the Queen could
take no part, that these words should be omitted.
Her name might, on such an occasion, be dropped,
and the dropping of it would be no proof that it was
intended that she should take no part in the-solem-
nity. In the manuscripts in the Harleian Collection,
the ceremonial for the Queen was laid down in the
past sense, from which it would appear that she had
been crowned. He fairly admitted, for argument
sake, that she had not been crowned ; but he thought
the explanation which he should give would be suffi-
cient satisfactorily to account for the omission. The
marriage of Charles I. with a Popish Princess had
given great umbrage to the people of England ; and
a provision had been made in the treaty of marriage
for quieting that alarm, namely—that none of his
Majesty's subjects being Pal ists, could be capable of
serving him ; but no sooner had Henrietta Maria
come to this country, than the disquiet and alarms
got vent so much, that it had been thought necessary
in the first speech from the Throne, to allude to some
rpalicious men who had been giving out that he
(Charles) was not attached to the religion in which he
was bred ; and to state, that he having been brought
up underGamaleo (meaning his fatherlimes 1) should
support the Protestant religion. Upon this Parliament
held a conference, the result of which was, a Petition
to :he King, praying for the execution of the laws
against Popery, and for the advancement of the
Established Religion ; and in the fifth Section of that
Declaration or Petition, it was mentioned that the
Queen was a Catholic, and had Catholics in her service.
Their Lordships would see from this the height to
which the question of Protestant and Catholic went,
land they would perceive that the Parliament went
every length but remonstrating. On the next day
the Duke of Buckingham stated in the House that
the King took in good part the Petition of Parlia-
anent ; but that his Majesty would have taken the
same meisures if the Parliament had never peti-
tioned ; and that his father, in recoil:me:44 the per-

son of his wife, had not recommended her religion.
The result of this Petition was, that Proclamations
were immediately issued against Popish recusants.
which did not, however, seem urallay the ferment.
On the 11th of August, the House of Commons re-
solved itself into a Committee of Grievances, and
the Catholic Religion was the principal grievance
complained of, and on the next day the House was
dissolved. The practical question then arose, shall
a Papist be crowned or not? It Wai the first inten-
tion of the King that her Majesty shouli be crowned;
bat perhaps an objection might come front another
quarter, from her Majesty, who might not wish to
revive the animosities of August, and who perhaps
might have some scruples with respect to the cere•
utony. How could a good Catholic consent to go
to an heretical Altar to be consecrated by an hereti-
cal Archbishop and in an heretical country? He
did not mean to say that these things were heretical,
but he did say that they must have been looked upon
to be so by Henrietta Maria, who, in order to get
out a this might object to the ceremonial. He did
not see, above all, how a Catholic Princess could re-
ceive the Sacrament at that solemnity. Exclusive of
the reasons he had just advanced, there was another
which made in favour of his argument, namely, that
of the dates. He did not deny that great clamour
then prevailed, and that representations were made
by the Councillors of the King forcing the right
away. But it was altogether improbable, that be-
tween the 17th and Stth of January, anything should
have occurred to alter the intention which existed of
crowning the Queen. There was nothing likely to
alter this evident intention at all events by way of
compulsion. The Parliament was not sitting—popu-
lar meetings were not likely to be held, and the pub.
tic opinion could hardly have been better known on
the 24th than on the 17th January, when this inten-
tion was already so generally known. If, however,
it was the fact, that the Queen for certain objects,
was forced and compelled to be absent from the Co-
ronatimr, such force and compulsion in place of
weakening, materially strengthened his argument.
If the Queen acted under this, it accounted safely
for him, she made the objection, which was so far a
waiver of her right; but the doing so could apply to
any future Queen-consort, who ought not and could
not be affected by her act. The next case he came
to, formed no exception to the general custom which
he established, because the Queen of Charles the
Second was a Papist—himself a Protestant, added to
which he was unmarried at the time of his coronation.
And if this looked like an exception, it the more con-
firmed the general ground he had taken. As the
period of exclusion was approaching, as the recollec-
tions of the grand rebellion were still quite fresh—as
the religion and principles of Henrietta Maria were
not forgotten, and as discussions must have arisen on
the subject, he line of conduct then pursued was
easy to be accounted for. In the 12th of Charles IL
a debate arose in the House of Commons as to the
.propriety of his marrying a Protestant, and perhaps
it so rose because of his known desire to marry a
Princess of Portugal. Queen Catherine then took an
objection, and refused to be married by a Protestant
Prelate, in consequence of religious scruples. This
was even made one of the articles of impeachment
against Lord Clarendon ; nay, the Princess herself
ran the risk of returning home and not being mar-
ried at all, so scrupulous was she of .being married
by a Protestant; and, in fact, he did not know -if
she ever were married by a Protestant. Henrietta
Maria also refused being crowned, unless the cere-
mony were performed by a Catholic Priest. Here,
then, there was evidence that Queen Catherine re-
fused to be married by a Protestant, and Henrietta
Maria to be crowned by a Protestant. James IL and
his Queen (being married at his accession) were
crowned together. The ceremony of the Sacrament
was then omitted, fur what reason he could not tell.
But this difference existed in their case, as compared
with those he before mentioned, namely, that they
were both of the same faith. James went openly to
mass, and he and his wife made no objection to the
ceremony being performed by a Protestant, and took
the words used exactly in the same sense. So far, there-
fore, there was no difficulty with regard to this case.
He now came to the time of the Revolution, since
which period all Queens-consort were invariably
crowned, and on which he was not called on to make
any observations. With respect, however, to the
Queen of George I. she never came to this country—
she never was called Queen nor known as Queen ;
and was further said to have beer. divorced by a fo-
reign Ecclesiastical Court before her husband was
crowned : it was, therefore, doubly impossible that
she should be crowned ; it was legally impossible if
she were divorced, it was physically impossible if she
never came here. With regard then to the institution
of any proceedings, he humbly took it that the set-
tled law could not be altered by them. On this point
he should merely allude to a case which was argued
in the House of Lords, where a person was said to be
found guilty, but never had sentence passed. On
that occasion, one of the Learned Judges said—o If
a man be found guilty, and has no sentence passed
on him, he must be looked upon as being as inno-
cent as if- no charge were made against him." He
should be ashamed to occupy the time of their Lord-
ships in enforcing this very proper principle, for no-
thing was clearer than this, that the laws knew no dif-
ference between complete guilt or complete innocence.,
Here the Learned Counsel referred to the Liber
Regalis in the possession of the Dean of Westminster,
for entries of the Coronations, and on expressing his
wish for its production, the Court was ordered to be
cleared. In less than a quarter of au hour the book
was offered for his inspection. The Dean of West-
minster was then asked by one of the Council, if there
were any books containing any similar entry? to which
he replied, there was no other except the great Mass
Book, which contained the ceremony used on those
occasions. The Missal was then sent for, and Coun-
sel called in.
Mr. BROUGHAM expressed a wish that the Court
should adjourn for an hoer, in order to afford him
time to look into those books; adding, that he could
not conclude his case in the course of this day, having
as yet to address their Lordships on the legal as well
as general considerations of this important subject.
The Earl of LIVERPOOL saw no objection to grant-
ing the request.
The LORD CHAWCELLOR wished the proceedings
to be continued, and asked the Learned Counsel if he
,could not proceed to some other part of his cab; and

again recur to any arguments vNch he might wA
to found on the Likr Regalis and the Mass Book?
Mr. BROUGHAM certainly wishei for eivlay until
I to-morrow. If, however, their Lordships wished it,
he could now proceed; but obrervcd that his gener
argument still remained untouched, and he ,:ert,tir If
thought considerable importance would be at!ached
to it. lie meant, that he felt it would be impor;4l
to ititte a general argument.
The LORD CIIANCELLOR.-4g Then, will your Lord.
ships sit from ten to four to-morrow, and ;ult..
wards till sit?"

,
._......_ ..... __
Mr. BROUGHAM.—" Our arguments, my Lords.
will certainly finish before four o'clock, to.morrot...
Lord LAUDERDALE did not approve:of any delar
Lord LIVERPOOL.—" We do not as yet know, w. 35
are to be heard."
• • The LORD CHANCELLOR.—" The rule is, that tire
Counsel should be heard."
Mr. BROUGHAM.—" Two Counsel, my Lords, we
shall certainly expect no more."
After some further desultory obt.ervations haw"
the Right Hon. Members of the Court, it was 3,d.
jourued at two o'clock, until to-morrow, at ten.

PARLIAMENTARY PROCEEDINGt.

HOUSE OF LORDS. JULY 5.

The House sat for some time in a Committee ..IPrivOesea ty,
the Claims of the Earl of Lisburne and the Marqui- of
gal, to Vote for the Election of Irish RoPreseatane•
when those claims were declared to have been
The Order for the attendance of the Judges to.martav, at
noon, in the case of the " King v. Woulfe," was discharpd
Monday.
Mr. Mason, from the Directors of the East India Company
presented Accounts of the Salaries, P.nsions, and Quintile
granted by that Company.—Laid nu the table.
The Irish Silk Bounties Bill, the Hop Exportation D.
backs Bill, the Isle of Man Trade IIIU, and di, Irish Collectki
of Customs Bill, were read a third time and passed.
The Assessed Taxes Composition 11.11, the Audit of Amens
Bill, and the Husbandry Horses D..ty llepeol Bill, went s„.
spectively through Committees and were reported.
Lord CA LTHOILIIE presented a Petition from the isin.
bitants of Hull, in favour of the Bill for p: eventing Cluck!
horses.—Laid on the table.
DUKE OF DUIDICILLAND.

A conversation arose on fixing the Mehl or the committisg
of the Duke of Clarence's Provision Dill, in the course of which,
The Earl of LAUDERDALE odd that he thought the other
House of Parliament had done itself honour by tragging, as
only £iooo a-year to the Duke of Clarence, hut eat *masts
the last three years. It 'hewed that the Commons acted 00 I
settled principle, and held to the-opinion witb which they
set out, that it was proper to add six thousand poundl a-yeara
the younger branches of the Royal Family. But his rrircipti
object in rising was to remind the house of the situation Wm
Member of the Royal Family, his Royal highness the Duke c.c.
Cumberland, whom he considered to have been most unfairly
treated. lie disapproved of those decisions which were tumid
either on favour or prejudice. lle contended that when their
Lordships, after the judgment parsed and the examination takes
before that House last year, had granted .£.50,C00 a-year to the
Queen, they niust have acted on the principle that it wasuices.
sary to support the dignity or exalted rank. How much mote
disposed ought they nut to be, to do justice to an illustrious indl
vidual, against whom nothing prevailed hut the manes el
most slanderous insinuations? lie knew that nothing wood
give that Royal Personage more pleasure than to find those is.
sinuatinns reduced into tangible charges on which he coulid.
twin the justice of a trial. The manner in which that Boyd
Duke and his Duchess had lived whilst in this eouutry, oqit
have excited admiratioM Ile trusted that his Majesty's Co
verameut would agree with him in principle, and would takes
early opportunity of recommending a similar grant to the Mr
of Cumberland as to his Royal Brothers. If *hey did rot*
commend such a grant, he should propose an Address to hair
jests on the subject, and should at least feel conscious cloth
had done his duty.
.The Earl of LIMERICK participated in the seutimeoill
the Noble Earl, and' pledged himself to support his .iddroli
whenever he should think fit to move it.—The ki.d was theme•
dered to be committed to.morrow.--Adjourned.

THE EVENING STAR.

LONDON.

FRIDAY, JULY 6, 1921.

PRICES OF STOCKS Tills DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK:
3 per Cent. Reduced 765 77 763/4
3 per Cent. Cons. 761/4 755 ex. div.
4 per Cent. 95 945/B—Navy 1083/4 1h ex. div.
Long Anns. 191/4—lndia Stock 233% 2321/4
India Bonds 565. pre.-3 per Cent. 1761 751
Exchequer Bills. 4s. ss. 3s. pre.
Consols for Account .78 774/s %.
This day acrd to-morrow the Bank pay the Dividends to the
Merckarats and Bankers, and ou Monday to the Public.

The Paris Papers of Tuesday, which arrived this
forenoon, contain accounts received by express from
Madrid to the. 24th June. On the 21st the Cortes
nominated the Members of the Permanent Depute.
tion, whose functions commenced on the Ist of this
month, and will continue until The new Session, which
will be opened on the Ist of March next year. The
Knees had come to no determination with segard te
the convocation of the Extraordinary Cortes ; and be
probably hopes, by delay, to be able to evade tun
' question.
The famous ESIPECINADO has been recalled from
his command. Moats° was not yet taken ;he is sail
to have thrown himself into the mountains betas
Oviedo, Burgos, and Leon.
The Guerilla Chief, .SALDIVA, acts upon the axe
system in the mountains of Andalusia, as Mews a
Castile, and with equal success, by harassing de
numerous troops sent against him. All accents to
come in contact with him have hitherto been {witless.
The Advocate Luzvataua has been executed s
Vittoria, for counter-revolutionary practices. Twe
other persons, involved in the same charge, were&
petted to share his fate. General LONGA has bee°
conducted from Bilboa to Burgos, in order to betna
for similar practices.
The privateers of ARTICIAS commit great &Ans•
tion on the coasts. Two of these rovers, now maul
off Cape St. Mary and Cape St. Vincent, have more!
made numerous prizes. A corvette and Wig oi
have sailed from Cadiz w protect commerce in that

quarter.
The official documents have been published felt'
tive to the resignation, at Lima, of Don JoAcing
PEZUELA, Viceroy of Peru, who thereby cedes th*
Goverrimcnt of that kingdom to General 81171)