Star.
London, England, 1810-10-24 00:00:00

SPANISH CORTE.

MONDAY, OCTOBER 1.
The Cones met at half past ten in the morning
Tlv, doors remained shut for three quarters of an hour,
after which the Galleries were opened for the admis-
sion of the publit.
The first question was, " Whether anonymous do-
cuments should be rejected or not?" -
HERMIDA, after , some debate, briefly explained
what appeared whim proper to be done in such cases.
He said, when the anonymous writings are relative to
science, literature, &c. it will not be inconvenient to
receive them ; the law prohibits that any person should
be proceeded against in consequence of an anonymous
information, but a writing, though it have no known
signature, may be examined without any prejudice to
the law, to see whether it contains any thing worth at.
tention, or which maybe of any use to the Government.
A tonnoittee should therefore be established for the
purpose of examining papers of this kind, which, upon
the perusal oPtheir contents, might er might not
transmit them to the Cortes.
LUXAN then read the order framed for the regula-
tion of the Cortes, and it was deterrail* that in fu-
ture the reading•thould be repeated daily, in order
that the .Assembly, being better informed, might mo-
dify,, add, or, in fine, approve of all and each of the
articles. Thi*.orcler is provisional, and experience
• will Indicate its imperfections, or the improvements
of which it- may be susceptible.
®means moved, that the Cortes should demand
from the Regency a circumstantial account of all the
branches of the General Administration, and in future
• a mopthly account of the same, and a daily account
- of all events and occurrences of any importance to the
Government and information of the Cortes.
This motion was approved of, and carried unani.
mously.
GONZALEZ moved the appointment of a Committee,
to be called The Committee of Justice, for the purpose of
forwarding causes pending before the Tribunals, ikc.
It was interesting to see the zeal of this worthy Mem-
ber, and the frankness with which he announced his
opisnon. Confessing he was a soldier, he said he
knew nothing of the flourishes of rhetoric or the syllo-
gisms of logic, but be would speak his mind in plain
Castilian. This motion was supported by several
Members ; but the variety of opinions prevented any
determination concerning it.
It was then ordered, that the Regency should give
an account of the promotions made since the Ist of
April, 1808, and of the merits and circumstances of
the persons promoted.
It was also proposed that an account of the causes
for high treason should be demanded of the judicial
power.
These propositions and motions, all the offspring
of justice and rectitude, produced such an effect on
the people,- that they were transported with joy, and
penetrated with the warmest affection towards the'
4tigirst Congress, whence they proceeded for the con-
solation of the innocent and oppressed, and the terror
Of the wicked.
The American Deputies presented a memorial,
which solicited the Cortes to declare America an in-
tegral part of the Monarchy, and insisted that a veil
should be thrown over all the late disagreeable events.
It concluded by requesting a general amnesty.
Here the public sitting closed at two in the after-
noon, and the secret debates being finished about
three, the Cortes adjourned.
OBSERVATIONS oN THE DECREE OF THE CORTES, RESPECT
ING THE EXECUTIVE POWER.

• ' The contracted ideas that the People have of Pub-
- Ilc•Law, have given rise to various discussions respect-
- ing the Decree which the Cortes have issued in answer
to the request made by the Council of Regency, that
having the Executive Power lodged in them, it should
be pointed out to them to what extent they were to
- iiircise those functions. As, in the kingdom of Spain,
,tite three powers, the Executive, Legislative, and Ju-
,diCial, have been almost always confounded, the corn-
' 'pion people undeistand, that by the Decree of the
• Cones, in which the Council of Regency is confirmed
- kall-the plenitude of the Executive Power, the same
functions ate granted by this confirmation, as those
that the Executive formerly exercised. This, however,
, • Ular from being the case, because before this division
-x-of functions that has now taken place, the Council of
;.-Regency not only exercised the Legislative Power, but
. , Mao a part of the Judicial, having sometimes had re-
• -(erred to them, a cause that had been tried in the tri-
bunals below, as the only depositaries of this power in
the last resort, which cannot now be the case, because
• when the National Congress separated the three powers
! - reserving to itself the Legislative, conferring on the
Council of Regency the Executive, and confirming the
judicial in the tribunals, it then defined, at the same
time, by thii simple and well-known separation, the
functions that belonged to each of them, as well as,
_. their respective limits. Upon this principle the Exe-
c. jive Power, which the Cortes have delegated to the '
Regency, circumscribed and. defined from that mo-
' spent its functions, without the necessity of any further
explanation, which would have been, in all cases im-
, ' proper, but much more so in a decree, which, if ex-
pressed in terms that some proposed, would have been
• 4 treatise on puldic tight, indecorous,.and unbecoming
.1-leirhern body. What necessity was there to specify to
-,;i4kt Executive Power that they could not impose an).
i, • stew taxes, that they were not to create new offices,
&c. since all these are necessarily' functions belonging
to the Legislative Power, and which the Depositaries
in of the Executive Power could not A
i ppropriate to them-
I selves uithout incurring.the responsibility reposed in
tLern? Besides, in case it had been necessary, from
; ---
pat ticttlar circumstances, to abridBe . or limit any of
... the functions peculiar to the Executive Power, this
must bave been done by means of a formal Constitu-
' • lion,' or at least of a provisional regulation, 'formed
L. upon deliberation, and after such a discussion as so
I • igsduous and delicate a subject would require. Thus
, thin it appeared mire convenient and suitable to the
n n :National Conynress (haring defined the limits of the
three Powers by the separation k made of them) to
confer on thte.gegency the Executive Power in all its
' r plcinilude, than to prescribe ill-digested limitations to
i b' which vivid' haw" Appeared ridiculous in the eyes
.of the enlightened world;t: because it would have been
1.., tjle.sltne thing psi if the functions and duties of a Co.
, • *oil were io 'be -*limed out in his commission, 'pro-
L- etstscing.lains to this.rtnk frortithat of LieutenaitKo•
lonelaibta*titis and functions.: c; military e;lopibis

. •
mots being already well %town tend defined. It is
therefore unoecal‘ary to swkie, that
,he must abstaii,
from creating noctifi ecers, from augmentinK the pay
of the old, or bestowing rank, tccl,,Which (Actions do
not belong to him on any account, and which L.
could not exercise withoUt Incurring punishmeth anti
dismission.—From the Spanish Pater El Concise.

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

NAPLES, SEPTEMBER so.
His Majesty embarked on the 28th September at
Pirro, and came by sea to Amalki, where he landed
yesterday. He travelled by land to Castellamare,
where he passed the night, and arrived this morning
at Naples.

Before his departure from the army, his Majesty
issued the following General Orders :

" Head-quarter. at ScUtal Sept. 26, 1810.
" Soldiers—The expedition to Sicily is postponed.
The object which the Emperor had in view, bycausing
that island to be threatened, has been accomplished;
and the effect of the attitude which has been main-
tained upon the Strait with so much dignity for four
months, has even surpassed expectation. You are
about to enter your winter quarters. And you, also,
brave sailors, you are about to return to your fami-
lies. You have done more than your duty ; you have
supported with a courage above all praise more than
fifty combats, against a force three times stronger
than yours, and the success which you have con-
stantly obtained proves what you would have done
against an equal one. Above all, you have solved
one rand problem ; you have proved that the ene-
my's flotilla cannot prevent even the smallest boats
from crossing the Strait, and that Sicily will be con-
quered when its conquest is seriously set about. Re-
ceive the testimony of my satisfaction. I also testify
the same to the land forces, who have powerfully se-
conded you. The zeal which you have shewn in an-
swering the call which has been made to you, is a
sure pledge for your King of that which you will al-
ways display when summoned for the benefit of his
service and the good of the country.
(Signed) " JOACHIM NAPOLEON.
(Attested) .14 COUNT GRENIF.I4
General of Division and Chief of the Staff of the Army."