The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1839-06-21 00:00:00

CONTEMPORARY PRESS.

A NEW COLLEGE IN DUBLIN.
(From the Dublin Statesman and Record.)
A correspondent of the Warder states that the plan
of a separate divinity college in Dublin, which we
heard of some time ago, has been revived, and that the
Archbishop of Dublin has actually obtained a charter
for it ! We hope on every account this may not be
true; but we live in times when every thing anti-Pro-
testant may be apprehended. However, we have no
fear of not, being, able to defeat this treacherous at-
tempt. But we shall not waste our strength in com-
bating a shadow; therefore shall for the present con-
tent ourselves by giving further circulation to the mere
statement. It is contained in the subjoined extract :

" A charter for the Kevin-street College is at this moment
engrossed, and waiting only for the royal signature. That
charter establishes a new divinity college, separate from and
independent of our national university, under the imposing
title of Victoria Hall! Of this fact you need not have the
smallest doubt. I believe it to be the case that this charter
would now. be actually signed, and the entire project carried
into effect without one word of notice to the Protestant peo-
ple of this country, had it not been for the intervention of a
whig but virtuous prelate whose influence with the govern-
ment obtained a respite, that the university might have time
to express an opinion on the subject. Perhaps it will scarcely
be credited that so much has been done in perfect secrecy ;
it, nevertheless, is true. Secrecy was, from the beginning,
the very characteristic of this plan. Suspicious enough in
itself, it becomes st 11 more so from the clandestine manner
in which it has been matured.
" The project of 1834, which then was defeated by the op-
position of the Protestants of the country, is now revived.
The education of our clergy, whether we will or not, is to be
placed in the hands of men in whom we have no confidence,
and, their religious education being removed from the na-
tional university, the necessity of its essential Protestantism
is to be destroyed. My object, however, is to state plain
facts, not to comment upon them. The Archbishop of Dub-
lin has actually obtained the charter of his new college—Vic-
toria Hall. Archbishop Usher, when he persuaded Queen
Elizabeth to found an University here, suggested to the pious
princess to dedicate it to the honour of no human being.
But this was in the olden time of prejudiee and bigotry.
Archbishop Whateley shows a wise conformity to the spirit
of the age, when lie advises his royal mistress to call her
college by the name of no solemn mystery of our faith, but
by her own. Victoria Hall is to have its professors and its
teachers to make up the complete apparatus of an university.
The charter provides the mode of their appointment. The
Lord Lieutenant is to have the absolute appointment of a
board of directors or governors, and this board are to exa-
mine for professorships. If unanimous in their choice, they
have the election ; but if a difference arise, the names of all
the candidates are to be submitted to the Lord Lieutenant,
and be is to nominate the professor. If, therefore, in a
board of his own selection, the Lord Lieutenant can find but
one person to vote for the government candidate, the profes-
sorships are a part of the patronage of the government. The
college, be it remembered, is intended for the special educa-
tion of the clergy of our church. The professors, who are
tp instruct them, are to be nominated by Lord Ebtington
and Mr. O'Connell. The college is to have the power of
acquiring property, to be vested in three trustees ; the trus-
tees are named in the charter. They are to be, for ever, the
Archbishop of Dublin, the Lord Lieutenant, and the Rev.
James Wilson,
.for the time being—so runs the charter—
whether it is meant to confer an immortality, by royal pa-
tent, upon Dr. Wilson, the individual, or Dr. Wilson, the
representative of the class, I know not.
" The Archbishop of Dublin must again yield to the op-
position that defeated him in 1835. I, at least, have done
my duty in sounding the alarm. —I am, sir, your very obe-
dient servant, ACADEMICUS."

In addition to this—for, according to the old saying,
" it never' rains but it pours"—the Warder states that
old Trinity is to be papalised by throwing open her
scholarships and fellowships to Papists. But, as to
this, we should expect it. It is evidently part of the
plan : the one is but a step to the other. But let them
fire their double-barrelled gun. We shall not be hurt,
and shall return the fire to the enemy's damage. We
quote from our contemporary :
" We have been told that it is the intention of ministers
to issue a queen's letter, altering the statutes of Trinity Col-
lege, so as to admit Roman Catholics to fellowships and
scholarships.
" We must guard ourselves by repeating that, although
we have reason to believe this information, we do not pledge
ourselves to its truth. It would indeed, be the consumma-
tion of the Kevin-street plan—and if that plan be carried
into effect, it must of course be realized. Every thing, in
fact, is tending to make Ireland a popish country ; and the
temporising policy of conservatives is not the least element
conducing to such an end.
" The opening of College to Roman Catholics has been
long a favourite object with that party. Whether it could
be accomplished without an act of parliament, may be a
question : but it seems to be the better opinion, that the act
of 1793 preserves but does not enact a disability—and the
exclusion resting on the college statutes, which may be
changed at the pleasure of the crown, may be abrogated by
a queen's letter. That the attempt will be made we have
strong reason to suspect."

SELECT EXTRACTS.

A COCKNEY TRANSLATION.—Here Jack, my boy, l've
got a hit of French I want you to translate for me. It ain't
hard, is it pa? inquired the juvenile genius. Hard! ex-
claimed the ex-representative of the collective wisdom of the
Cockneys, what do you mean by that ? didn't I go to the ex-
pense of twelve lessons for you is that there tongue, when
M. Vantrien promised to perfect you in six, so that you might
be super-extra-double-perfect in it? so out with your eddi-
cation now, and let's know the English for " Labor vincit"
in French. Why, that ain't French, replied the premature
prodigy, that's Latin. Well, it's all the same, returned the
renowned dealer in paper and patriotism, what's the English
for it? For "labour vincit?" responded the infantine ex-
supervisor of stationery, why, " labour vins it," I suppose.
THE FIRST LANCASHIRE NEWSPAPER.—There is still in
existence a copy of "Byres's Weekly Journal, or the War-
rington Advertiser," said to be the first newspaper pub-
lished in the great county of Lancaster. The copy alluded
to, which is in the possession of a gentleman residing in
Latchford, is " No. 19," and gives the news " From Tues-
day, July 20th, to Tuesday, July 27th, 1756." It was
printed and published by Thomas and William Eyres, of
Warrington ; and attached to one corner is the halfpenny
newspaper stamp of that period. It measures 22 inches by
15 inches, and is divided into four pages of three columns
each ; the whole being not quite so large as one of the pages
of the smallest Manchester newspapers of the present date:
Two rude wood engravings adorn the title page ; one repre-
senting a man on horseback—
" The herald of a noisy world,
" With spattered boots, strapped waist, and frozen locks,
q News from all nations lumbering at his back."
The other a ship in full sail. The first article in the War-
rington Advertiser consists of " Maxims extracted from a
book lately published, entitled ' Maxims, Characters, and
Reflections,' " &c., of which two of the maxims will give a
sufficient specimen,—" As some poisonous animals carry
about them an antidote to their own venom, so do most
people for the offence they give, by slight, hatred, and con-
tempt." " A thorough good Newmarket Jockey would have
been a good minister of state, if he had been trained for it."
The second article is devoted to Thursday Post, which con-
tains news from Amsterdam, to July 6th, and from Paris to
July Bth. " Plantation News," forms the next full head
line. The news from Philadelphia bears the date of May
31st, and gives certain particulars of the movement of the
British army in America. From " Ireland," is an account
of the further prorogation of the British parliament from the
20th of July, to the 21th day of August, then to meet at Dub-
lin for the dispatch of business." Under the head " Scot-
land" is announced the arrival of two ships from the Green-
land fishery, with seven fish. From London" is an-
nounced various foreign army and naval operations, and then
comes " Saturday's Post,' bringing " plantation news"
from Antigua 30 late as May 11th. The next and last article
gives the ' arrivals at Liverpool" during the week pre-
ceding the day of publication, which are as follow :—The
Fanny, from Barbadoes ; Tyger, Jamaica; Ogden, Jamaica ;
Jonathan, North Carolina ; Stephen, Rotterdam : Mary,
Wexford; Markuryings, Amsterdam ; Lady Alicia, do. ;
Two Friends, 'Wexford. No attention seems to have been
paid to the recording of local events, or to the general news
of the country—the whole paper being taken up with foreign
matters. At the bottom of the imprint, it is announced that
" advertisements are taken in," but none are inserted in the
number before us. In point of typography, the paper is got
up with great accuracy, and throughout there does not ap-
. ~1,, pear to be a single literal—even so much as a space or a letter
46.''N
~, out of place. . Messrs. Eyres were celebrated as printers,
!* ' 43'/4and from their office appeared the works of Howard, the
,A, ~....;,,. liplanthropist, and the standard publications, which had their
4/ 4\ ' • \ Ipli.- .K 7 with the once famed Warrington acaderny.—Man-
-44v.
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EVIL OF TIMIDITY.—HC was not what is usually called an
ill-natured man ; but one that is far more dangerous to have
any thing to do with : that is, he was too timid to do an act
of kindness manfully and promptly, for fear it might be hurt-
ful to his interests in some way or other.—Florestan, or the
New Lord of the Manor.

GIVING AND GRATITUDE.—" You might as reasonably
expect," said the old miller, "to grease mill-wheels with
brick-dust, as expect to make others feel without feeling
yourself. There is, therefore, a wide and deep gulf of error
and consequent disappointment, giving and gratitude."—
Florestan, or the New Lord of the Maeor,

DEATH OF AN OLD COUNTRY NEIGHBOUR.—Matthew
Pollen is dead. Every body expected he would die : and yet,
now he is gone, all the neighbourhood is affected with a kind
of surprise that he should be dead. Every one perceives also
that his range of thought has suddenly become limited ; and
there is, with many, an impression of having been suddenly
thrown into an unaccustomed path, and in strange society,
on first entering upon a state of existence beyond the point
at which a long parallel current of life has been arrested.
What may be passing in the house of the deceased is not for
those who are without to know ; but abroad, the habitudes
of all are more or less disturbed ; and the objects of our most
frequent thoughts seem unwilling, at the mere bidding of
reason, to be arranged under new affinities. The most fa-
miliar things appear to be invested with a kind of strangeness
on those occasions ; especially in rural life. A gate shall be
harder to push open than formerly, and shall clap to, after
the passenger, with an unwonted and startling solemnity. In
the short and-circular flights of pigeons, the fanning of their
wings conveys a mysterious sound of articulated lamentation.
That loss of nocturnal repose, too, which sympathizers suffer,
induces a sense of chilliness in the atmosphere. Oxen and
sheep appear to ruminate with more than their usual placidity.
The dog, one of the most sensitive of animals, trotting by the
side of his master, looks up into his face, as he catches his
occasional mutterings, and after the passage of a stile, endea-
vours to present to him both his nose and tail at the same
instant, in token of that sympathy which his master's unex-
plained perturbation and loneliness of manner appear to de-
mand of him. There is a moping gait in people moving up
and down the dusky margins of distant hedges ; and trees,
woods, steeples, rocks, and the cloud resting upon, or skirt-
ing along, the ridge of hills which bounds the horizon—all
appear silent and solitary, as if cognizant of an intimation
that had gone abroad.—Fiorestan, or the New Lord of the
Manor.

THE STOCK BROKER.—The stock-broker is either ahull
or a bear—fanciful designations ! Would you fain know,
dear uninitiated reader, why he is thus playfully and zoologi-
cally ranged ? It is the nature of the bull to toss—for proof,
look up, and see yon retributive drover in the air ! It is the
nature of the bear to pull " with downward drag austere"—
witness the fate of Antigonus, in " The Winter's Tale," as
related by the Clown. "Will that humour pass ?" as Nym
says. The bull, then, speculates upon a rise in stock—the
bear upon a fall. But should the bull get his horns entan-
gled, or the bear singe his paws, while he is endeavouring to
make himself warm, he is forthwith transformed ; or, as
Peter Quince currently reported of Bully Bottom, he is
" translated " into one of your tame villatic fowl ; and a fowl,
too, with an unhappy disqualification in one of his legs ; in
other words, he becomes " a lame duck." Some, with more
love of metaphor and ornithology, term him a waddler.
Should any one be curious enough to wish to see either these
bulls, or these bears, let him by no means enter their den in
Chapel-court, Bartholomew-lane. Lack of sedentary em-
ployment renders them sportive and frolicsome, and the pre-
vailing humour pervades both old and young. They are all
wags of the first water—practical Joe Millers. If kicking a
stranger's hat about the exchange were pleasant badinage, or
unceremoniously shouldering the intruder, were agreeable
banter, they might pass for wits. As it is, they are great in
physical repartee ; full of animal spirits—manual Sheridans.
But, if he will plant himself near the bottom of Bank Build-
ing, he may see some of the lay brothers of the establishment
(who are not members of the Stock Exchange) rushing to
consult the consul-thermometer' hung forth at the house at
the corner ; and if the financial Mercury be high or low, as
the case may happen, he will hear the bull roar, and the bear
growl, to his heart's content.—" Heads of the People."
TRAITS OF JUNE.—Now the rosy (and lazy) fingered
Aurora, issuing from her saffron house, calls up the moist
vapours to surround her, and goes veiled with them as long
as she can ; till Phoebus, coming forth in his power, looks
everything out of the sky, and holds sharp uninterrupted
empire from his throne of beams. Now the mower begins
to make his sweeping cuts more slowly, and resorts oftener
to the beer. Now the carter sleeps a-top of his load of hay,
or plods with double slouch of shoulder, looking out with
eyes winking under his shading hat, and with a hitch upward
of one side of his mouth. Now the little girl at her grand-
mother's cottage-door watches the coaches that go by, with
her hand held up over her sunny forehead. Now labourers
look well, resting in their white shirts at the doors of rural
alehouses. Now an elm is fine there with a seat under it ;
and horses drink out of the trough, stretching their yearning
necks with loosened collars ; and the traveller calls for his
glass of ale, having been without one for more than ten mi-
nutes ; and his horse stands wincing at the flies, giving sharp
shivers of his skin, and moving to and fro his ineffectual
docked tail ; and now Miss Betty Wilson, the host's daugh-
ter, comes streaming forth in a flowered gown and ear-rings,
carrying with four of her beautiful fingers the foaming glass,
for which, after the traveller drinks it, she receives with an
indifferent eye, looking another way, the lawful twopence ;
that is to say, unless the traveller, nodding his ruddy face,
pays some gallant compliment to her before he drinks, such
as " I'd rather kiss you, my dear, than the tumbler !" or
" I'll wait for you, my love, if you'll marry me ?" upon
which, if the man is good-looking, and the lady in good hu-
mour, she smiles and bites her lips, and says, " Ah ! men can
talk fast enough !" upon which the old stage-coachman, who
is buckling something near her before he sets off, says in a
hoarse voice, " So can women too, for that matter !" and
John Boots grins through his ragged red locks, and doats on
the repartee all the day after. Now grasshoppers " fry," as
Dryden says. Now cattle stand in water, and ducks are
envied. Now boots and shoes, and trees by the road side,
are covered with dust ; and dogs rolling in it after issuing out
of the water, into which they have been thrown to fetch
sticks, come scattering horror among the legs of the specta-
tors. Now a fellow who finds he has three miles farther to
go in a pair of tight shoes is in a pretty situation. Now
rooms with the sun upon theinjiecome intolerable ; and the
apothecary's apprentice, with a Mterness beyond aloes, thinks
of the pond he used to bathe in at school. Now men with
powdered heads (especially if thick) envy those that are un-
powdered, and stop to wipe them up hill, with countenances
that seem to expostulate with destiny. Now boys assemble
round the village pump with a ladle to it, and delight to make
a forbidden splash, and get wet through the shoes. Now also
they make suckers of leather, and bathe all day long in rivers
and ponds, and follow the fish into their cool corners, and
say millions of " My eyes !" at tittle-bats. Now the bee, as
he hums along, seems to be talking heavily of the heat. Now
doors and brick walls are burning to the hand ; and a walled
lane, with dust and broken bottles in it, near a brick-field, is
a thing not be thought of. Now a green lane; on the con-
trary, thick set with hedge-row elms, and having the noise of
a brook " rumbling in pebbly stone," is one of the pleasantest
things in the world. Now youths and damsels walk through
hay-fields by chance : and the latter say, " Ha' done then
William !" and the overseer in the next field calls out to "Jet
thic thear hay there bide ;" and the girls persist, merely to
plague " such a frumpish old fellow." Now, in town, gossips
talk more than ever to one another, in rooms, in doorways,
and out of windows, always beginning the conversation with
saying that the heat is overpowering. Now blinds are let
down, and doors are thrown open, and flannel waistcoats left
off, and cold meat preferred to hot, and wonder expressed
why tea is so refreshing ; and people delight to sliver lettuces
into bowls, and apprentices water doorways with tin canisters
that lay several atoms of dust. Now the water-cart, jum-
bling along the middle of the streets, and jolting the showers
out of its box of water, really does something. Now boys
delight to have a water-pipe let out, and set it bubbling away
in a tall and frothy column. Now fruiterers' shops and
dairies look pleasant, and ices are the only things to those
who can get them. Now ladies loiter in baths, and people
make presents of flowers, and wine is put into ice, and the
after-dinner lounger recreates his head with applications of
perfumed water out of long-necked bottles. Now the lounger,
who cannot resist riding his new horse, feels his boots burn
him. Now buck-skins are not the lawn of Cos. Now
jockeys, walking in great-coats to lose flesh, curse inwardly.
Now five fat people in a stage coach hate the sixth fat one
who is coming in, and think he has no right to be so large.
Now clerks in offices do nothing but drink soda water and
spruce beer, and read the newspaper. Now the old-clothes-
man drops his solitary cry more deeply into the areas of the
hot and forsaken side of the street ; and bakers look vicious ;
and cooks are aggravated ; and the steam of a tavern kitchen
catches hold of one like the breath of Tartu-us. Now delicate
skins are beset with gnats ; and boys make their sleeping
comanion start up with playing a burning-glass on his hand ;
and blacksmiths are super-carbonated ; and cobblers in their
stalls almost feel a wish to be transplanted ; and butter is too
easy to spread ; and the dragoons wonder whether the Romans
liked their helmets ; and old ladies with their lappets un-
pinned walk along in a state of dilapidation ; and the servant-
maids are afraid they look vulgarly hot ; and the author, who
has a plate of strawberries brought him, finds that he has
come to the ends of his writing.—lndicator.
PROBABLE EFFECTS OF STEAM IN FUTURE WARS.—
An opinion is becoming prevalent, that the use of steam will
supersede the old mode of conducting naval warfare. Like
most novel and bold propositions, this new doctrine has ob-
tained advocates, who have yielded their convictions to the
influence of their imaginations, rather than to the influence
of reflection. That the use of steam will materially modify
naval warfare, is probably true ; but it cannot change its ge-
neral character. No vessel can be built of sufficient force
and size to transport a sufficiency of fuel, provisions, muni-
tions of war, and guns, to contend with a heavy frigate,
allowing the ast to bring her broadside to bear. It may be
questioned if the heavieit steam-vessel of war that. exists
could engage a modern two-decked ship even in a calm, since
the latter, in addition to possessing much greaterpowers of
endurance, could probably bring the gli ins to bear in all pos-
sible positions. Shot-proof batteries might indeed be built,
that propelled by steam, would be exceedingly formidable for
harbour defence, but it is altogether illusory to suppose
that vessels of that description can ever be made to cruize.
Even in estimating the power of steam-vessels in calms, as
opposed to single ships of no great force, there is much ex-
aggeration, as historical facts will amply prove. The wars of
this country aflbrd several instances of frigates carrying
eighteen pounders lying exposed to the cannonade of fifteen
or twenty gun-boats for two or three hours, and yet in no
instance has any such vessel been either captured or destroyed.
It is a heavy sea-steamer that can bring six guns to bear at a
time, and yet frigates have resisted twenty guns, advantage-
ously placed, for hours.. It may be said that steamers would
dare to approach nearer than gun-boats, and that, by obtain-
ing more favourable positions, they will be so much the more
formidable. There is but one position in which a ship can be
assailed without the means of resistance, and that is directly
a-head, and from a situation near by. Large ships can hardly
be said to be defenceless even under these circumstances : as
the slighest variation in their position would always admit of
their bringing three or four heavy guns to bear. The ex-
pedients of seamen offer a variety of means of changing the
direction of a ship's head in calms, even did not the sea itself
perform that office for them. Nothing, for instance, would
be easier than to rig, temporarily, wheels, to be propelled by
hand out of the stern or bow ports, or even qn the quarter,
that would bring a large ship's forward or after guns to bear,
in a way to beat off or destroy a steamer. There are certain
great principles that are unchangeable, and which must prevail
under all circumstances. Of this class is the well-established
fact, that a ship which possesses the efficiency which is con-
tained in the double power to annoy and to endure, must, in
all ordinary circumstances, prevail over a ship that possesses
but one of these advantages, and that too in a smaller degree.
Steam may be, and most probably will be, made a powerful
auxiliary of the present mode of naval warfare, but is by no
means likely to supplant it. Fleets may be accompanied by
steamers, but their warfare will be conducted by the present
classes of heavy ships, since it is possible to give sufficient
powers of annoyance or endurance to vessels propelled by
steam, to enable them to lie under the batteries of the latter.
Even as active cruizers, the efficiency of steam-vessels is pro-
bably overrated, on account of the consumption of fuel,
though it remains to be proved by experience whether their
employment may not induce a change in the armaments of
light vessels of war. The history of the war of 1812 shows
that ships have often cruized months without having fallen
in with convoys, and it is certain that no steamer, in the pre-
sent state of science, can remain at sea thirty days, with
efficiency as a steamer. In a word, while the introduction
of steam into naval warfare will greatly modify maritime
operations, it is by no means likely to effect the revolution
that is supposed. In those portions of the art of seamanship
that it will influence, steam will meet steam, and, in the end,
it will be found that the force of fleets will be required in
settling the interests of states, as to-day.—Cowper's History
of the American War.

GRAFTING TREES FOR NEW VARIETIES.—Every propri-
etor of a landed estate is either a planter, or possesses trees
already planted. If he is in the former case, he will learn
from this work to combine beauty with utility, by planting,
in the outer margins of his natural woods or artificial planta-
tions, and along the open ridges in them, and in the hedge-
rows of his lanes and public roads, trees which are at once
highly ornamental and more or less useful, in some cases,
perhaps, even more useful, that the common indigenous trees
for which they are substituted. If, on the other hand, his
estate is already fully planted, he will learn, from this work,
how he may beautify his plantations by a mode which never
yet has been applied, in a general way, to forest trees, viz.,
by heading down large trees of the common species, and
grafting on them foreign species of the same genus. This is
a common practice in orchards of fruits ; and why it should
not be so in parks, and pleasure grounds, along the margins
of woods, and in the trees of hedgerows, no other reason can
be assigned than that it has not hitherto been generally thought
of. Hawthorn hedges are common everywhere ; and there
are between twenty and thirty beautiful species and varieties
of thorn in ,our nurseries which might be grafted on them.
Why should not proprietors of wealth and taste desire their
gardeners to graft some of the rare and beautiful sorts of tree
thorns on the common hawthorn bushes, at intervals, so as
to form standard trees, in such of their hedges as border pub-
lic roads ? And why should not the scarlet oak and the scarlet
acer be grafted, on the common species of these genera, along
the margins of woods and plantations ? Such improvements
the more strongly recommend themselves, because to many
they would involve no extra expense, and in every case the
effect would be almost immediate.—Loudon's Arboretum et
Fruticetum Britannicum.

MISTAKES RESPECTING THE HOTTENTOTS.—NO people
have been more oppressed or calumniated than the unfortu-
nate Hottentot—he has been belied in every point of his body
and turn of his mind. I was prepared, upon my arrival, to
behold this wonderful race, of which every village fair has one
of them to be seen—" A real Hottentot from the Cape of
Good Hope, to be seen alive." I never was more astonished ;
I walked up one street and down another, in the hope of be-
holding one of these wonderful animals, and marvelled at my
want of success. Guess my surprise, when I had passed hun-
dreds of them, and did not know it ! Instead of finding the
enormous protuberances of which I had heard, I saw many
vary good-looking Hottentots—clean limbed, tall, fine-look-
ing fellows ; their hands and feet well proportioned, and re-
markably small. In some the nose was African, in others
European. Their eyes are of a deep chesnut colour, long and
narrow, and, in the Chinese, wide apart; their cheek bones
are very high, their teeth small, white, and well set; hair
tufty and black ; complexion blackish brown ; expression
plaintive ; disposition tractable, patient, indolent, faithful.
I do not wish it to be understood that I ever saw a beautiful
Hottentot, nor that I ever saw an ugly one • but I was not
struck by any want of comeliness, nor disgusted by deformity.
The only remarkable thing I saw was, that many of them, as
is the case with ill-fed savages, have pot bellies. The name
of Hottentot is a fabrication ; it is a word that has no mean-
ing or place in their language, and they take it to themselves
undei- the impression of its being a Dutch word. When the
Hottentots were spread over the southern angle of Africa,
each horde had its particular name ; but that by which the
whole nation was distinguished, and, which, at this moment,
they bear among themselves, is Quaique. Indolence is not
an invariable characteristic, as is proved by ,the activity of
many, in their settlement of Kat River. They are generally
employed as shepherds, a calling for which they are admirably
adapted. They are by no means deficient in talent, but have
little incentive for exerting it. It is a .`great pity that they
should have met with such persecutions ; they are, without
doubt, a valuable race, and it is to be hoped that, under the
present enlightened policy, they may receive protection and
encouragement.—Leigh's Southern Australia.

THE BEAR AT SCHOOL.—The private journal of a tra-
veller lately returned from North America to Paris, con.
tains the following story. In New Hampshire, on the
northern borders of the United States, a peculiar species of
bear is found, black in colour, small in size, and in general of
a peaceable disposition. These animals live on wild honey
and fruits, and never attack man or the lesser animals except-
ing when pressed by hunger in the very severe winters. On
one occasion, some years ago, a boy found a very young bear-
pup near lake Winnepeg, and carried it home with him. It
was fed and brought up about the house of the boy's father,
and became as tame as a dog. Every day its youthful captor
had to go to a school at some distance, and by degrees the
bear became his daily companion. At first the other scholars
were shy of the creature's acquaintance ; but ere long it be-
came their regular play-fellow, and they delighted in sharing
with it the little stare of provisions which they brought for
their day's sustenance in small bags. After two years of
civilisation, however, the bear wandered to the woods, and
did not return. Search was made for him, but in vain. Four
succeeding years passed away, and, in the interval, changes
had occurred about the school alluded to. An old dame had
succeeded to the ancient master, and a new generation of
pupils had taken place of the former ones. One very cold
winter day, while the schoolmistress was busy with her hum-
ble lessons, a boy chanced to leave the door half open on his
re-entrance, and suddenly a large bear walked in. The con-
sternation of the old lady and her boys and girls was un-
speakable. Both schoolmistress and pupils would fain have
been " abroad ;" but the bear was in the path, and all that
could be done was to fly as far off as possible, and hide
behind the tables and benches. But the bear troubled
nobody. He walked quietly up to the fire-place, and warmed
himself, exhibiting much satisfaction in his countenance
during the process. He remained thus about a quarter of
an hour, and then walked up to the wall where the provender
bags and baskets of the pupils were suspended. Standing
on his hind feet, he then took hold of these successively, put
his paws into them, and made free with the bread, fruit, and
other eatables there contained. He next tried the school-
mistress's desk, where some little provisions usually were ;
but, finding it firmly shut, lie went up again to the fire, and
after a few minutes stay before it, he walked himself finally
out by the way he came. As soon as the schoolmistress and
her pupils had courage to move, the alarm was given to the
neighbours. Several young men immediately started after
the bear, and as its track was perfectly visible in the snow,
they soon came up with it, and killed it. Then it was, that,
by certain marks upon its skin, some of its pursuers recog-
nised in the poor bear no enemy, but an old friend of their
own recent school-days. Great regret was felt for the death
of the creature. It was like killing a human friend rather
than a wild animal.—French paper.
RUSSIAN DRAMATIC EXHIBITION.—The great attraction
at the Alexander Theatre, was a. Russian version of the life
of Kean, the English actor and we accordingly selected an
evening when this was to be performed. On our entrance,
we found the scene laid in a house at " Yapping," as they
termed it; in the middle of the state stood a Russian stove
with a pipe to carry off the smoke, projecting from the side
horizontally, having exactly the appearance of a pump with
the handle lifted up. In front of this sat human beings, in-
tended for English sailors, arrayed in very tight knee-breeches,
with long leather gaiters, and flaming red waistcoats, and with
faces most profusely furnished with painted black eyes. Gos-
podeen (Mr. Kean,) now enters, somewhat similarly attired,
and ealls for a bottle of champagne, which is forthwith
brought, and a large tumbler to drink it out of. Kean pours
out " his mighty :breaker" full, but one of the black-eyed
worthies intercepts it on ils way, and swallows it. Not a
word is spoken, but the paities at once strip, and we were all
curiosity to see a Russian attempt at a set-too. This was,
however, rather too much for them to venture upon : the
whole company rushed to the very back of the stage, some
ascending the pump," and stationing themselves so that it
was utterly impossible to see what was going on between the
combatants ; in less than a minute -the ring was broken up,
and Gospodeen Kean came forward without even the flush of
battle on his brow, while his antagonist was borne senseless
from the field. In order to complete this precious carricature,
which the audience appeared to relish prodigiously, the or-
chestra played about three bars of " God save the King,"
through every possible variation of time. We, of course,
like loyal subjects, stood up during this martyrdom of our
national anthem, to the no small surprise of our military
neighbours. I saw many inquiring glances fixed on us, and
much sage deliberation going on • but all seemed satisfied b
the discovery that we were Englishmen, (Anglichannikee,)
which I heard repeated around us on all sides. In another
scene, " Milor Cox" makes his appearance with an immense
silver star sewn on his coat, and expresses his unbounded es-
teem for the great actor, " Miladay Cox" being all the time
secreted in a closet. Kean sits down to prepare for going on
the stage, and the noise of the impatient audience is heard
long and loud. At length he appears in the parting scene in
Romeo and Juliet, and in one of the boxes (erected on the
stage) sits Miliday Cox with Milor; and Kean, forgetting e-
very thing else, rushes forward, and falling on his knees, ad-
dresses her in a fine phrensy, until he falls senseless, and the
whole corps dramatique rush to his assistance, and bear him
off. His old and faithful servant came with stealthy tread to
the footlights, and looking anxiously around, beckoned to
some one in the pit, and called " Doctor, Doctor !" It was
admirably done, In the concluding scene, after a few hard
words with Milor Cox, who seemed not a little proud of his
silver star, Kean and Miladay, followed by the old man, take
their departure for New York. The actor whb played the
part of Kean is considered the best tradegian in Russia. He
certainly possesses a fine voice and commanding figure, and
gives more expression than any other man I have heard to
his full melodious language ; and absurd as the character is
here made, it was impossible not to be struck with the force
of passion he displayed in many of the scenes, and the man-
ner in which he identified himself with the wayward being
whose name he bore. • The orchestra made a final attempt
upon " Rule ;Britannia," but it was a wretched failure.—
Hand Book of Northern Europe.
VISIT TO HERCULANEUM AND POMPEII.—I joined the
same party on an excursion to Pompeii, fourteen miles from
Naples. The road lies along the shore of the Mediterranean.
About half way we stopped to visit Herculaneum, into whose
dark and chilly caves a guide conducted us, each person cars
• rying a wax taper. A quarter of an hour suffices for visiting
all that is to be seen here—even this was too long for me.
Immediately on descending, I felt struck with a chill that
penetrated to the very bone. The heat above was great, and
I was but thinly clad. All the party buttoned up to their
(thins ; for myself I would have. given the world to escape
from such an atmosphere, but being unable to find my way
out alone, I was obliged to follow the guide, whose descrip-
tions were- totally without interest. At length the cold be-
came insupportable, and the son of the guide having fortu-
nately joined us, , I instantly took advantage of him to make
my escape. Whatever there may be for the imagination in
Herculaneum,-there is certainly little for the eye to dwell on.
A series of dark and dismal passages, with here and there a
chamber and a.niche. The party was not five minutes after
me in ascending to the genial warmth of the sun. Let the
chest-invalid beware of descending into Herculaneum with-
out a warm cloak for protection. For myself, I escaped with
a cough which lasted, only two hours.—We arrived at Pom-
peii at three o'clock.' Here all is above ground—a striking
and a novel spectacle truly—a large town without a single
inhabitant. We passed two hours in making a hasty survey
of its deserted streets, and dismantled palaces. The amphi.
theatre is to this day in perfect preservation ; its area oval,
and about 100 feet in length, and around it are the seats for
the spectators. How many a proud partrician dame has
viewed in ecstacy:the combats of men and animals, from these
very benches of stone ! We entered some of the dens where
the wild beasts had been caged until let loose for the onslaught.
In a field close to the amphitheatre, was some newly cut
barley, from which I gleaned a few ears, in order to plant
them in the "land o' cakes." From the hurried nature of
our visit, I had little time for meditation or reflection, yet I
could not but transport myself in imagination to the spot
where I then stood, as it would have appeared on the night
prior to the destruction of the city, The mind of man can
imagine no contrast more striking, yet the author of the ca-
lamity remains unchanged ; I looked up 'from the desolation
around to the fire-heaving monster above, but Vesuvius shows
no signs of remorse. On the contrary, he beholds with sullen
indifference his direful work of destruction. The streets,
with one exception, are very narrow, and all paved with flat
stones. In some there is a distinct double groove, caused
evidently by the friction of wheels. I was struck with the
smallness of the apartments, which are in general mere sleep-
ing cabins. The Romans must have taken their meals in the
courts of their houses. There are a great number of mosaic
pavements and drawings, in high preservation ; but almost
all the marble columns are only a third of their original
height. On asking the guide what had become of the upper
portions, he replied that no more could be found. Some
marble baths, and also one or two fountains, were in admira-
ble preservation. The circumference of Pompeii is four miles.
We left by a different gate from that by which we entered.
Nearly the last house we visited was one described as having
belonged to Cicero ; I entered its court with peculiar rever-
ence, plucked a flower from the area, which I intend to pre-
serve. The renowned orator must have lived in a bad neigh-
bourhood, his house being close to one which, from the na-
ture of the sign engraven above the door, had evidently not
been the residence of the goddess of chastity. Next to the
house of Cicero, is that of Diomede, the largest in the town.
Thence we proceeded to the gate where our carriage was in
waiting; and drove away much' gratified by our short visit to
Pompeii.—Notes of a Wanderer, by Dr. Cumming.