Star.
London, England, 1829-09-09 00:00:00

SOUTII AMERICA.

The following article is retracted from The gets rort AV:redo-
,* Advertiser of the 6th August—a well written, moderate paper.
We doubt entirely the news of the defeat General Sucre. If it
`ad been true, we should surely have heard it direct long ago ;
besides, it I's dot ets easy a Matter to defeat the veteran Colombians,
tens have hese fighting twenty years without intermission :
Om a careful perusal of the Merntrio de relperatie, a semi-
weekly paper, from March 15th to April 151 s. 1u29, nothing (A-
dak importbat has been found in them. The liemAitc of Chile.
warding to appear aces, enjoyed perfect tranquillity, and were
see to judge of the state of business in Valparaiso from the ar-
rivals and clearances ssf vessels, both foreign and national, this
Might be thought pretty prosperous
The best hitelllgeace and harmony scent to pervade the Re-
publics of Peru, Chill, and Bolivia. Ile news tram the Aiger.-
due Republic in these Papers is um so recent as has already been
received direct from Rio de la Plata. However, the conduct of
General Lavelle toward. President Dorrego and his Government
is generally detested and condemned.
The last news of the hostile armies received at' Valparaiso from
Lima under date of 19th March, It contained in estracts of letters
from Trutilio, March 19, stating that the Peruvian army under
G I La Mar bad obtained a victory In a pitched bittle nett.
the Colombian army, commanded by the Grand Marshal Sucre.
The letter written from the last mentioned place and addressed to
the Lient.-Cidonel Don Jose Marls Fria.' says—
" By a letter most worthy of credit, under date of the 4th inst.
the following information is received :—Peovinzucs has wished to
give us a proof of protection, by placing us first ill the greatest con-
flicts in order to give us afterwards an unexpe.:tel consolation
so it 'is that our first division being routed, and the Colombians
coming triumphant upon the rest of the Pertiviab *Why. ha sus-
tained a complete defeat ; the squadron Cedena was sn deStroyed,
that there remained only five ; Camaraco was killed Ware action ;
Rifles, Caucha, and Taguachl, were likewise destroyed ; so that
there have remained only to Secret about two thousand men, and
he has proposed capitulation, which shows clearly his weakness;
Lam died, though this is not assured as certain. The slaughter
has been very great on both sides; blessed be Gon that we begin
to breathe."

THE NEW FRENCH SYSTEM of ESPIONAGE.

The French Ministry almost dreg day manifests Its weakness
and apprehensions by the measures' and pretentious it adopts ; it
persecutes the Press in every possible way, and, by what is sub.
joined. It will be seen that a general system of espionage is to he
organised. Nothhog can be so offensive and hateful as a scheme
of ibis nature, and no Ministry would draw on itself the odium
that must attend abch an rnjustiliahle interference with the
deme of private lite, unless it fek that all Means must be used to •
prolong its existence. When It find• that it has no support ha the
Chambers, as ft assuredly will on their meeting. It irAltpiobably
have recount, to some pup d'etot, which, in the present Nate of
France, will only have the edict of bring ng sudden destruction
upon heel. The following article is Worn the arisatinstiworkef
" We know, on good authority. that M. de Chabrol, while act.
keg par Wain as Alinister of Justice, sent a confidential circular
to the King's Advocates-, enjoining them—heft, to learn the names
of all perm/arenas...need in editing the Constitutisinal Journal. ;
and secondly, to render him an enact account of the conversations
that take place in all societies and public plans; Witli'the name. of
the talkers; thirdly, to furnish a report vi the opinions of each ar-
rondissement, as to the late change of Ministry.
A provincial journal, the Gamete de e Attier, remarks' upon this
circular : " livery society, eras y public room in France, is erected
into a black cabinet ; that at Paris is nut now sulleient ; evety
King's Advocate is now constituted a political inquisitor. Will
they untienake such a duty? We have too much respect for the
Magi, even for these whs. are immoveable. to believe it. What
does the lilYlltry expect to pin by this ignoble system of espionage ?
Dom it bye toinwese silence on that national opinion which since
thek missiles bee pursued them with energetic and universal repro.
b doe ? A IMlLlttry that will descend to such mesa. stands velf-ene
dOwned.” We Nip remark an this article of the Gazette det/afilier,
that if effect is given to these instructions of M. Mama, there MI be
too Went of mutat* to be prosecutes/in France. He Mint instantly pet'
Paris under arrest ; its suburbs and surrounding jurisdictions ; all
the cities, all the towns, all the villages, aU the hamlets, all de-
hided farm.boaars, all public exhibitions, all people who pass
through the streets talking together, who stop on the' quays, who
dine at the taverns; and, finally, all those who write, speak. or
think. This Is an immense category for the pastime of 161. de
Chabrol, and for the pocket-money of M. de Is iloutdoonaye.

FINANCIAL TRICKERY OF SPAIN.

The Gownsman of Ferdinand %In. by its groin and seendaloue
dishonesty towards the Curies bondholders, and by its notorious
poverty,whieb incapacitates it from being honest if it would be so,
bregniduallreunk, in regard tots credit in the money market. until
its stuck bas actually ceased to hose a nominal value. This ought
to he no matter of surprise ; for never was any G lent on earth
so irretrievably ruined as that of Spain ; sin fortunate event eats ever
render it able to pay a dividend of 6d. in the pound un its national
debt. It has been insolvent for a century ; but it contrived by dif-
ferent expedients, and' with the revenues it derived from America,
to shuffle oil from year to year, without' owning" its insolvvney.
But the loss of America has deprived Spain of•the only resolute
left to her. Not only is the Spanish Treasury a hoer by the re-
venue directly received from the Colonies, but also 1.1 the revenue
collected at home from the expenditure of the large fordines of the
proprietors of Miele* and South America, lobo Mostly resided in
the Aluther Country. If the Government were to-morrow its she
hands of the Cones, and if they followed the wisest and most refine-
mica! system, nothing could be done effectually for the benefit of the
public creditor. 'lle notional debt of Spain camels 140,000.0001.
sterling, on which no dividends have been paid fur years, except
on the Royal loan raised a few years ago at Paris by M. Guebhard ;
and on what is called the" Perpetual Item of Paris," a fraudu-
lent scheme, directed. and managed by a Spanish igen., M
Agusdo, who has remitted large sums to bladfid, while he his
no doubt um forgotten what he has thought was due to himself.
This Perpetual Reut" was first issued as an expedient to vv.
vide funds for paying the dividends of the Royal Loan ; but
when it was found in some degree to succeed in fitting the pros-
pects of the agent, the rent was issued so liberally, that it fen
suddenly almost to nothing. The liberal Journals, too, aided
in producing this• catastrophe, by exposing the real character of
the transaction. Ferdinand VII. is now in the condition or
those unprincipled debtors, whose bills are nut reckoned to be
Worth the stirrips on which they' were drawn. The PerFettial
Resit;"—the aeopoolthe receipt for the dividend) is gone—will
not now on the Paris Stock Fachange well for any thing, though it
is quoted at 4$ in the Chars 41•thentart, or, in the fat gu p of a
French Journal ipeakbig se this subject, the value of the not falls
'at once MI Or its per eetrti•oseliat le; in' point of facts it i. worth
• osthisg, somebody expeetelist soother divideed will Isr case be paid.
The Spanish debt is not one of yesterday ; 1,240 m I kiss of
Juno dated as far back as the :Wan of Ferdinand and Isabella ;
l'idlip V. added 180 naillioes of Doles reeks for the expenses ot
the war of succession; Marie, 111. created 1,520 millions for
Isis abate in the Medias War of independence; Cher'et IV.
s boreowed SW millions Iran the Dutch, and from the religious
establishments, the hospitals, and the entaileditim ny of his
ows•subjecti, belsorethet4 by compulsion 1i41114e e of reels.