Star.
London, England, 1817-06-11 00:00:00

AMERICAN PAPERS.

We have this day received New Orkans Papers to
the 16th of April, New York to the 17th of May,
and Boston Papers to the 20th of May. We copy
the following paragraphs from the Bottom Advertiser :

• /101 TON, MAY 14.
" In the brig Gipsey, arrived here on Wednesday
from Pernambuco, came passenger his Excellency
Antonio Gonz4loo de Cruz. Ambassador from the
New Government of that place, to obtain. k is pre-
sumed, the acknowledgment of its Independence.—
The Portuguese were about to commence the
blockade of Pernambuco.

" William Cobbett is about to begin his publica-
tions at New York. He says, to pretend he would
accept no compensation, would be to act the hypo.
trite ; but that private advantage weighs little with
him ; his professed object is to reform die Govern-
ments of Europreand he conceivesthe people there pre•
pared for his impressions. With regard to England,
his views appear to be to obtain a reformation in the
House of Commons, but not to disturb the Monarchy,
Church, or Nobility."

The private letters by the Chesterfield speak of the
insurrection at Pernambuco as exciting but little
alarm at Rio Janeiro, and the reason they assign is,
thaLthe leaders have neither rank nor talents, and
provisions scarce and dear at Pernambuco. But in
other quarters precisely the same arguments are em-
ployed to aggravate the danger of insurrection ; and
in the very nature of things. whoever be the leaders,
every rising of the people must be dangerous to the
existing Government. In fact there must be a
large mass of discontent in the Brazils. Prior
to the year 1808, when the Bengalis* family
arrived among its Colonists, the latter had been
swajed by-Captain Generals and. Governors, with all
the despotism authorized by distance and Pottuguesie
legislation ; nevertheless habitude to this yoke made
pm insensible of their own eemdition,beciase they
enjoyed other adv • ages of which they were after.
wards deprived. The Brazilian character is ostenta-1
1 dons, although listless, sad it could not fail to be af-
fected by such a mass of corruption and vices as was
brought over from the Tagus, by a host of courtiers
and adventurers, who, merely because they had been
born in Europe, began to exercise an insupportable
controul. It is true that the administration of the
country assumed a new life, but this originated in the
wants of the throne, and not in the good of its subjects.
Till the arrival of the Kum, the Brazilians did not
know the extent or harshness of the privilege of Apo-
maltase, which the Court instantly lavished on its tol-
lowers ; when the inhabitants for the first time found
they could be turned out of their houses at three
days warning, by perhaps a worthless favourite ; that
their goods might be put into the street (of which
many instances have occurred), if they did not quitl
the very dwellings they had purchased or inherited.
The Brazilians had no organized Inquisition among
them, but still they never before witnessed the secu-
lar tribunal, called the Board of Conscience, esta-
-Wished in 1808. The liberty of the press was indeed
unknown, but of late years it has still been more per-
secuted through an inquisitorial police, which ferrets
out every thing by the means of spies, stationed al-
most in every house.
Hence it is that the periodical Papers published in
London, either in Portuguese or English, can alone
be found on the tables of foreigners. In 1810 it was
resolved, that the public debts contracted up to the
year 1797 should be extinguished, and consequently
the creditors lost all right to their demands. For-
merly their taxes were trifling, but in 1809 a land-
tax, equal to one-tenth, was levied on all produce,
and next year a similar impost was levied on the sale
and purchase of all fixed property and slaves. A
new tax was also imposed on meat. Formerly the
expenses in Courts of Law, and the venality of the
Judges and those dependent on them, were mon-
strous; but at present they have risen to a scandalous
height, because the immense number of Officers in-
distinctly created find no other means of living.—
Finally, the Brazilians, in former times, were, to a
certain degree, debased, but their degradation had
not gone so far as to be compelled to bend their
knee before their fellow man, as they now do before
any of the. Royal Family passing in their coach.
This practice has risen to such a height, that the
foreigners who do not comply with it are ranarked ;
but cases have occurred which certainly disgrace the
age in which we live. Of these one happened to the
American Minister in 1815. • This gentleman was
riding on horseback at a time the Queen, then the
Princess Charlotta, was passing by. The Minister
pulled off his hat, but the soldiers of the escort ob-
serving he did not dismount to make the usual reve-
rence, fell upon him with their brandished swords.
In such a dilemma, the Minister had no mild means
of preserving bis dignity than by presenting his pis-
tols, when the Princess interfered ice the affray.—
There is still another Envoy, now hi Europe, who
could tell what happened to him when 'returning
from the countrj in an undress coat, and the' nature
of the satisfaction afterwards given him at Gault.

• FRENCH PAPERS.

the Anal Paris Papers of Sunday arrived thi,
morning, wi.t: the exception of the Journal the Wats .
which would seem to have experienced a second sup.
pression. The ca :se may not perhaps be difficult to
trace. In the lost number of this paper, the Editor
was pleased to indulge in some rather sharp observa-
tions on a fanciful theory of morals promulgated b)
one SINION, a publicist, in the course of which he puts
the following among other questions :—When shall
we be entirely purified from all those ideas which the
Cleigy have forged during twelve ages ? When
shall we be able to overturn that edifice which twelve
ages have been employed in constructing ? What
a fatality, he adds, attaches to the word hheral —it is
applied to all sillinesses, to all follies, to all extrava-
gancies.—What a fatality, indeed—when an honest
Journalist cannot write of the forgeries of Church-
men, without a libe►al Ministry—for so the Ministry
of Louis delight to be esteemed—interdicting him
from writing altogether.
The only article of news brought by these Papers
is one of rather unexpected interest. The departure
of the Emperor of AusTitra for Lemberg we announ-
ced yesterday, without being able to state any dis-
tinct motive for his journey. It now appears, from
the Gaiiette of: Lemberg, that the EPIPIROR, as King
of Gallicia and Lodomiria, has resolved to re esta-
blish. with some modifications, the representative
system of government in these kingdoms, which form
what is commonly known by the name of Austrian
Poland. The inhabitants are to be clasced into four
orders—Clergy, Nobility, Gentry (ler ehrtmAert), and
Burgesses. The Deputies of each class are to teceive
payment for their services—those of the Clergy 1,030
florins, those of the Nobility 2,000, those of the Bur-
gesses 700, Exc. The system. in 'limn, is to be
nearly the same as was established by JOSRPH lf. itt
1782. The Moniteur states, that this restoration is
made in virtue of one of the most important articles
in the acts of the Congress of Vienna ;—and it the
case be really so, though we do not exactly see the
right of the Congress to interfere ill the matter, it is
a sort of act which will serve to redeem it from a
great deal of the reproach which has bJen levelled
against it.

Private intelligence has, we regret to say, been re-
ceived in Town to-day, that a large body of armed
men, from the neighbourhood of Offerton and Rip-
ley, in Derbyshire, had proceeded, early on Tues-
day, towards Nottingham, and committed many
acts of outrage and pillage. Mr. MUNDY, Magis-
trate, with two troops of the 15th Hussar', had
gone oat from Nottingham to meet them; but no
intelligence of the result has yet arrived.