The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1839-09-24 00:00:00

PROMOTION!.

Rev. H. Jennings, M.A., late Curate of Rawmarsh, to the
Perpetual Curacy of Watton, Yorkshire, vacant by the death
of the Rev. J. Earle ; patron, Richard Bethell, Esq., M.P.
Rev. R. Keningale Cook, 8.A., Head Master of Rochdale
Grammar School, to the Incumbency of St. John's Church,
Smallbridge ; patron, the Vicar of Rochdale.
Rev. John Homfray, 8.A., to the Rectory of Sutton, Nor-
folk ; patron, the Earl of Abergavenny.
Rev. Dr. Molesworth, late of Canterbury, to the Chap-
laincy of the Isle of Thanet Union Workhouse.
Rev. Francis Thornburgh, M. A.,-to the Perpetual Curacy
of Kingswood, Wilts, vacant by the cession of the Rev. D.
Jones ; patrons, the inhabitants of Kingswood.
Rev. Mark Waters, 8.A., has been licensed, on his own-
petition, to the Ministership of St. George's Chapel, Great
Yarmouth, Norfolk, vacant by the cession of the Rev. John
Homfray.

Rev. Thomas Paddon, M.A., of Caius College, Cambridge,
Vicar of Mattishall, Norfolk, to be a domestic Chaplain to
the Duke of Leeds.

Rev. T. Harrison, M.A, to be Minister of Trinity, ,Church,
Maidstone ; patron, the Rev. J. Reeve, M.A., Perpetual
Curate of Maidstone.

Rev. John Raven, 8.A., has been instituted to the Rec-
tory of Mundford, Norfolk, on the presentation of Sir
Richard Sutton, Bart.. of Lynford, in that county.

SCARCITY OF BRITISH SEAMEN.

The scarcity of seamen proceeds from three causes—First,
that whilst several line-of-battle-ships have been commis-
sioned this year, none have been paid off :—secondly, the
progressive and fast increase of our trading ships, causing a
more than ordinary demand, and, by raising the wages, in•
clueing the generality to prefer the merchant service to the
Royal Navy : and, thirdly, the numbers that desert from our
shipping in the ports of British North America, and find their
way into the United States, where they meet with ready em-
ployment, for the Americans appear to depend entirely upon
British seamen for the majority of their crews. Tee working
of our apprentice laws produces about 5000 seamen annually--
we mean that number emerge from boys to manhood, from
apprentices to able seamen, every succeeding year, and this
may be about double the number that go off in the ordinary
course of events by death, old age, disability, shipwreck, &c. ;
but this increase, great as it is, does not appear to keep pace
with the demand, for the three causes we have stated. The
scale of apprentices is regulated by act of parliament, and it
can be extended, but the policy of this is doubtful, because
the three causes may not always operate, and our shipping
prosperity might, as has often been the case before, receive a
check, and then thousands of seamen would be thrown out of
employment. The same reasoning applies to increase of
wages in the navy ; for if the pay is once increased, it will be
difficult to reduce it.

In merchant ships the men engage for the voyage only, and
the wages are great or small according to the demand for
seamen. Still we think, that under present circumstances,
and even to a view to the future, the able seaman's pay should
be 40s. per month in the Royal Navy, and increased on re-
newed terms. With the prospective advantages of pension,
Greenwich, &c., this increase of pay, which should apply to
able seamen and petty officers only, would have a great effect
in inducing prime men to enter the navy. In war, when large
numbers are required and when the pay rises with the demand
in merchant ships, and generally becomes exorbitant, other
means will be necessary.
But extraordinary cases demand extraordinary measures ;
we are only now arguing with reference to our present posi-
tion, supposing it necessary to maintain the naval force we
have now afloat, and that our commercial marine continues
to flourish and increase, as it has done for several years past.
The difficulty of manning ships is, however, experienced by
rival nations as well as ourselves. France, even with a system
of coercion, obtains but indifferent crews, and that after con-
siderable delay. As for America, she cannot man her single
vessels for ordinary reliefs, and they are detained for months,
and even then made up by foreigners.

RAILWAY BETWEEN LANCASTER & CARLISLE

(From the Carlisle Patriot)
Mr. Larmer, of this city, has prepared a report of a sur-
vey which he has made for a railway communication between
Lancaster and Carlisle. As this report contains some very
valuable and unexpected results, we are happy to have it in
our power to lay the substance fit before our readers. Mr.
Larmer having formed an opinion that a good line might be
found by Crosby Ravensworth Gill, Orton, and Tebay,
down the Lune to Lancaster, surveyed the line, and the
result of his labours may be thus described :
" The ground between Penrith and the summit level rises
only about 20 feet in a mile, or 1 ft. in 264, and the greatest
inclination on the north side of the tunnel will be 1 ft. in
140, and the greatest on the south side 1 ft. in 120 ; but the
average only 19 feet in a mile, or 1 ft. in 278 ; and when we
are aware that greater inclinations are found to answer on
the Newcastle and Carlisle, and other railways, I think, so
far from feeling any disappointment in their not being better,
we should rather feel surprised at their being so good through
(apparently to a casual observer) so difficult a country. The,
tunnel will be about one mile arid nine chains in length, and,
as the hill consists of good white freestone, there will be no
difficulty to encounter, but a great part of the material will
be useful in the different works on the railway."
The greatest advantages offered by this line are its practi-
cability, and its not being of greater length than the present
turnpike-road between Carlisle and Lancaster. As an erro-
neous opinion has been held by some persons, that in the
inland lines there must necessarily belong tunnels and deep
cuttings, we have great pleasure in stating, that there is only
one cut of 50 feet, and that but for a very short distance,
the generality varying from 10 to 30 feet ; whereas upon thef
west coast line several are shewn exceeding 70 feet ! and, as
there is an expensive viaduct over the town of Whitehaven;
a tunnel three-quarters of a mile in length, and about 13
miles of sea to cross, the cost of one in comparison with the
other would not require a moment's consideration ; and
though the coast line has the advantage in levels, we think
this is amply compensated for in the inland line by having .a
shorter distance of 29 miles.

The following is a comparative statement of the distances
of the several lines :

From Carlisle by Kendal to Lancaster, 65 miles, with 24-
miles tunnel, and 2 miles further required to get into the
Preston and Lancaster railway, making 67 miles.
From Carlisle by Shap Wells to Lancaster, 67 miles, with
mile tunnel.
From Carlisle by Orton to Lancaster, 67 miles, with 1 mile
and 9 chains tunnel.
From Carlisle by Appleby to Lancaster,' 76 miles, with no
tunnel.
From Carlisle by Morecambe Bay to Lancaster, 96 miles,
with of a mile tunnel.

WORCESTER HOPS, SEPT. 18.—Picking has commenced
in this district, and, the yield is generally found equal to ex-
pectation ; the quality is also good. The weather is unfavor-
able for the time of the year, and we are are afraid in some
cases will affect the sample. Business is still very dull, and
prices declining ; the duty is looking up. Weighed on Sat-
urday, 23 pockets ; during the week 4. We have but few
sales, and those principally are effected under the auctioneer's
hammer.

" DOWN WITH THE BISHOPS."—Some very liberal dis-
senters at Bradford were heard to express their surprise,
that a bishop should walk through the streets with " a lot o'
young folk and factory bairns." It is-difficult to know how
these religionists are to be pleased. If bishops ride in their
carriages, they are proud—if they meekly walk with the poor
of that flock over which they are appointed overseers, they
are wrong still. Perhaps the death-knell of dissent is tolling
whilst our bishops are thus mingling with the lowly of their
charge, and Nine Wee lachryince—hence these dissenting
groans.—Leeds.lntelligencer.
A SAGACIOUS DOG.—A blind lady, resident in New York,
has in her possession a small poodle dog, which, when or-
dered, will go into an adjoining shop, and, after looking up
at the clock, will return and inform his mistress what time
it is most correctly. His method of explaining himself is by
barking the hours, howling the quarters, and striking his
paw against the floor to denote the minutes. Thus, if it
were 33 minutes past 12 o'clock, he will bark 12 times, howl
twice, and strike his paw on the floor thrice. America-
n

On Tuesday the whole of the officers of the North Devon
yeomanry cavalry and a deputation from each troop of the re-
giment waited on their noble and venerable colonel, Lord
Rolle, at Stevenstone, for the purpose of presenting to his
lordship a splendid sword, value one hundred guineas, pur-
chased by subscription among the officers, non-coMmission-
ed officers, and privates, as a testimony of their esteem and
regard.— Western Luminary.

A BOAT LOAD OF PHILOSOPHERS.--A capital story has
reached us, touching a recent aquatic excursion of certain
distinguished savants from Birmingham to Dudley. having
to pass through one of the canal locks, where boats are 'required
to register certain particulars of the freight, &O. (to facilitate
the collection of the proper dues) the following entry was
made relative to one of the learning laden barks :—Draught,
13 inches ; weight, 34 tons ; cargo, philOsophers ! !---Staf-
fordshire Gazette.

THE FLEET.—The abolition of this prison is contemplated.
The expense of maintaining it is upwards of £lO,OOO, and
that of the Marshalsea £3,000 per annum, whilst in the lat-
ter prison the average debt of each of the 84 persous con-
fined was only £lO, thus showing that one year's expefises
would pay the whole amount. It should also be observed
that the change will not add one iota of expense in sending
the prisoners to the Queen's Bench, as there has been the
same establishment of gaolers kept up since the year 1814
and 1815, and will save at least £13,000 per year to the
country.

CAUTION TO INNKEEPERS, AND PROPRIETORS OF INNS.
—At the Brewster Sessions for the division of Skyrack, the
Rev. J. A. Rhodes, chairman, a complaint was made against
John Smith, of the White Horse Inn, in Bingley, for having
bought game of poachers, and after a severe reprimand from
the bench, and a promise from him not to be guilty, of the
same offence again, his license was renewed, but with a posi-
tive assurance that if either he or any other innkeeper was
again proved to have bought game of any other person than
those legally authorised to sell the same, his license would
be withheld.—Leeds paper.

The following rather incredible story has found its way into
the papers :—When Mr. Plank, the officer, waited on Faunt-
leroy, who suffered for forgery, he was asked by the banker
if he could not take his word for appearing to answer the
charge. "It is impossible," was the reply. The banker then
pointed to a box, and intimated that it contained £70,000,
which he might call his own if he abandoned his duty. The
answer and the result, need not be stated.

•
WHAT WILL Ma. MALTHUS SAY'?-There, is now living
in the good town of Middlewich, an old lady of the name of
Fairhurst, whose claims to the largest family in England,
must, we should think, be undisputed. She can at this time
muster-12 children! 111 grandchildren !! 78 great grand-
children! !! 1 great great grandchild !!!! A goodly progeny,
truly ! Mrs. Fairhurst keeps a provision shop, and is still
able to attend upon her customers. She may, we should
think, venture to indulge a hope that her family at least will
not soon become extinct.—Staffordshire Gazette.
Sir James Clark :s deprived by the recent disclosures even
of the miserable apology of ignorance and incapacity as a
mode of escape from the more heinous charge of wilful and
deliberate villainy. It is now evident that he knew the
charge against the Lady Flora Hastings to be false, and that
the course which he pursued convicts him alike of cruelty
towards his guilty confederates. He would not refuse his.
sanction to an opinion Which had taken " deep root" among
the ladies who had power at Court, although, as a physician,
he had been treating his patient, and his and their victim, in
a manner utterly irreconcilable with that opinion'. Yet Sir
James Clark is still the physician of the Queen of England.
—Morning Post.