Star.
London, England, 1828-12-25 00:00:00

,la,Aum.

20, STRAND, London;
And soil In ever, Town in the Itinidoeu
II in Bottles, ed. lod. 124. and ted. cod.
Aloe PASTE BLACKIPP. Jn,Pato, fid. tad. and lad. each.

11} lip Partimlat Aaistgadris 61,
1101 s. W A it #l4l. WL ao.sniasta.

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might with more safety be neglected; but if the esti•
mate of relative strength and security is often the scut
inducement of hostilities, and if commercial jealouries,
which are not yet removed, and the old dispute of neu-
tral rights, which may at any time revive, have abeady
furnished the pretest, the question is never likely to
arise whether we shall go to war for the rake of these
Colonies, but whetber.it is better to fight, the Americans,
with, if we must not say the assistance. yet, et leant,
with the opportunities and advantages which thinwpre-
vinces afford, or without them?
Of all the North American colonies, the youngest,
but the most fortenate in natural advantages, and per.,.
baps the..snost rapid in increase, is New Brunswick.
whose interests are mote immediately concerned in the
present:question of the boundary line. With the Gulf
of St. Laurence on the one hand, and.the-Bay of Fundy
on the other, this colony possesses a valuable fisher
her own shores, and lies trot far from
foundland and Labrador. Its coasts
numerous bays and harbours, and thews/hole
intersected with large rivers and Mos, ow'
smaller streams, to such a-dergree, that
act point irrthe, province eight s.
.04eigable water. In fertility of soil it
of America; the climate is severe,but'
of the country level, and coveted wit
''effithsttible forests of large and tofty
carrilnioes of coal, lime. gypsum, no
'of some present, and the promise of
vantage. Forty-three years ago this
vast wilderness, uninhabited, except
of Acadian French, and the thin and
'f native savages. At present it cone
'tight, thousand inhabitants ; its exports
,ht 600,0001. which are 'almost all exchanged
tish manufactures; and what is of farmore importance,
Rives employment to above 200,0,'0 tons cf. Btitish
shipping, and 10,000 seamen. A progress so rapid,.
-which has, perhaps, never been surpassed in America,
says much fur the natural advantages of the country,
the enterprise and industry of the inhabitants, and the
value of such a possession.
But there are politicians, for whom neither the wel-
fare of these Colonies has any interest, nor she loss any
alarm, who, forgetting by what mesas. or under what
circumstances, the present power of their country has
accrued, and preferring to the lessons of socessful ex-
perience the experiment of theories, which, however
specious in principle, may prove inapplicable•to our
condition, or produce unexpected result', would per-
suade us that thesccoostries are an unprofitable bur-
then, that our naval superiority might •be preserved
without seamen, or seamen supplied without commerce,
or commerce secured without colonies, and have pub-
lished a defiance to show what one advantage the North
American provinces have ever rendered to the parent
State. And were they so utterly ukeless and Withal.
some as is asserted, one would still, perhaps, he rather
inclined, in this instance, toapprove the exam, le of thee
old English Ge..tleman, who wishing to reduce slices.
penditure of his household. when his steward presented
.him separate lists of his dependew sdistinguishing the
useful from the superfluous, said, he would retain them
all—." Those, for I have need of them ; and these, for
they have need of me." Fur these Colonies, we think,
were not planted w,d maintained upon merely a awe
cantile speculation, but a more geneious motive—to do
good to mankind, "to repleni.h ti:e earth and subdue
it ;" and, still more, to fulfil that higher obligation of
livery Government, to provide and securethe welfare and
happiness of all its subjects, and to "multiply and increase
them." For, however early cr late may have been the
period, and far or near the seat )f their emigration,
they are nevertheless our tellow-subjects, members of
the same community, and, as they have never failed in
my duty of allegiance, they have not forfeited any
rights to protection. It may be said, indeed, that this
cannot apply to the whole population of those provinces,
and it is true that their inhabitants are of two descrip-
tions, and that nearly an equal portion are descendants
of France. But so covetous were we once of their ter-
ritory, that we forcibly separated them from their own
country, we adopted them into our common family,
and, having imparted to them the privileges, have ever
received from them the loyalty and support of British
subjects. However agreeable to our future interest, it
would, at least, be hide consistent with our former
policy to cast them off now ; it would reflect no honour
upon the constancy of the nation, more especially as
that cannot be done without betraying also another
description of settlers, whom,' perhaps, it would be
almost a shame to abandon: for formeily, when the
injustice or impolicy of the Imperial Government had
excited a rebellion in the old colonies of America,
there were certain of the inhabitants, and. if inferior to
norther, they comprised a fair proportion of the wealth,
talent, and-character of the whole, who, either agree-
ing with the measures of administration, or thinking
that no oppression, or none yet experienced, could
justify an Insurrection, continued firm and sealous in
loyalty to their Sovereign and attachment to their
mother country, and exposed themselves to proscription,
exile, and death, in her defence; and when the King
became unable, or the kingdom unwilling, to protect
'them in their own land, with a singular spirit of fide-
lity, as if they had transferred to politics that obstinacy
and enthusiasm, which in religion had led their fore-
fathers to etchange their native soil for a distant wil-
derness, again came out and abandoned the seats of
their birth and bores ; and, as no ether asylum could
be afforded, they miaowed, with desperate hearts, and'
rained fortunes, covered with defeat and insult from
their enemies, and regarded too much as a harshen byl
their friende,ond toot refage in the colonies of Nova
Scotia and Canada. Such were the refugees orAnserican,
loyalists ; an unfortunatetace of men I for the cause in
which they had staked all was unsuccessful; and they
exchanged home for exile, the comforts of a culsi
busted country for the inconveniences of a wild'
and inclement forest, literally beginning not life
alone, but the world, anew ; and such has since been
the change in the opinions of mankind, that the princi-
ples to which theyoffered so rare an example of devotion
hue become irrational, or inglorious, and their descen-
dants must scarcely know, when in England at least,
whether to avow their conduct as an honour, or excuse
it as delusion. And yet so far were they from being
lashamed a their own fortune, or envying that of them
neighbours (though they had sometimes seen that pre•
Terence shown to the new republic which, could loyalty
merit commercial advantages, seemed rather due
oar own colonists), that lately when an oppintunity was
offered for repentance, and the mother country was al.

most sinking in the stroggle w Ith'Europe, and the. United
laves woold*ladly have commanitated, land poriffered,
~.end endeavoured to force on them the privileges of in-
derndente, there appeared no symptoms of diminished
=affection, but 'those •who•were attacked, armed sod
&sight, and all were alike.sealous cod ready, had they
proved less able so defend,: again to abandon their pro-
perties, and :a second dine seek an asylum in some
.country, if•any-could be found, v ithin•the-prruction of
,Great•Brittain, or beyond the ,swech of-the American.,
whe►e the latter would cease to covet, and the icrater
to despise their possessioas.
.It cannot appear a verygrackuse, or OM VFW, tea.
tenable thing, to complain of the incumbrunce of such
a portion of our subjects, and demand of them, so soon,
an aceount of the expenditure and adeuntages they
have oceasitmed to the empire. For had the resiptotal
duties-of ' and protection been as diligently

with a surplus and fastrinetossingpopuk_
remove some of theattpentuMeraties by emigration than
suffer them torsiteree at home, Or subsist by crime or
dentatives, position which reason must immediately
.acknowledge, and which necessity -steins likely to en-
i ;ice. That it is better to plant the emigrants within
our territories, and add to the poser and wealth oldie
common empire, than dis Miss theirs so aiorrign state.
to be numbered with our enemies, appears no less
-dent. New we do not posses, tor does the world
afoul, another country so near and inviting as
this.; so inviting that she voluntary and unavdsted
emigration thither is already considerable and sub.
cessfol. and so near that the political contretion matt
probably ,contittee 'longer, and `the commerci,l re-
turn be shore recifitable and imarciate than with
any other plantation. But there are other reasons
which render this possession highly important, ii net
indispensably necessary to the power and commerce of
Great Britain. It lies between us and the Un ted States,
between the United States and our fisheries, and, either
in geographical position or ,political results, may be
found to die between the United States and the Wert
Indies—se think it not absurd to add the United States
and Ireland. It makes the Atlantic a great lake for the
domestic commerce of theeaspire, and, by strutting op
theftneher shone, enables the King is dictate who may
sail, and who may fish, and, alnico, who may wash
their heads in the sea; a haughty and extravagant pry.
Mansion, .but which wasaearlyexescised in the late wars,
and might be *gale repeated to-morrow ; and as it must
fiat be disputed, and has already been challenged, on
that side of the water, so it is upon that side ale should
be most easeful to secure its continuance. Newfound-
land is too near, sad naturally too depends*t upon
she other provinces to follow a different destiny;
sad we should find some difference, perhaps, be-
tween .giving the Americans loose to take and cure
fish in those waters, and asking it of them. Let
it be remembered, however, that " plantiin4 Colonies is
like theplaming of trees, in which Bitten incurs a cer-
tain expense, and waits long. for hit-return," and that
these plantations were pine pally -.made by persons
a hose fortunes were dissipated, and industry relaxed,
by the long continuance, the miserable conduct, and
.ruinous termination of a civil war, and who, trll within
a •few years, have never received ary assistance from
British capisal—excepr, indeed, the short and limited
credit of the merchant. And yet. though the average
of exports from Great It train to those provinces, upon
hi x years, ending with 1774, previous to the war,
amounted only to the scanty sum of 3794111. an-
nually. oft the like average, for six years after the
peace of 178$. they were raised, by the ir.fiux (.f the
loyalists, to 829,0881. It is worthy of remark, that
during this same period cur exports to the United
States had decreased from 2.752,0361. to -2 333,6431. on
a similar average, a less of 398,3931. annually, which,
however, was supplied, and mote, by this increase of
449,6771. to the colonies. In 1799 the exports thither
amounted to 1,066.3961. In 1809, to 1,733,6671. la
1819, to 1,970,2571. and for the last year they reached
the sum of '2,244 2431. Our exports thither, daring *
Terkel of fill years, ending in 1824, have ga;ned an
addition of 455 per cent. over and above their aasouift
in 1.774. With regard to the imports from 'bath, it is
enough to know that all these exports are 6ntlty paid
for, and though the balance against them EMU often
have been, and still be, in meat, yet in no quarter of
the world are the debts so secure, and the losses of the
British merchant so rare and inconsiderable.
Brit is is far less for the advantages of commerce the%
of navigation that colonies are planted and their im-
provement valued, and it is chicly by considering whit
the possession of these provinces has added to the met-
cantile navy and seamen—that is, to the real stsength
and vital interests of the empire, that their importance
can be duly understood; for from the year 1772 to the
year 1789 (upon an average and medium of the vessels
cleared and entered for the three preceding years). the
tonnage employed between them and Great Britain is
found to have advanced from 11,219 to 46,106 tons,
being as increase a 34,837 pas annually, and which
more than repaired the decrease that, had reduced our
lannual tonnage to the United States during the same
period, from 86,745 tons to 52,595. In 1818-the amount
of British tonnage in this trade, on an, average of the
five preceding years, had further advanced to 179 317
tons; and for the seven years *tee, ending with 1828,
it boa amounted to the average of 340,776 tens an-
nually, and the number of seamen emplcnedhasteen
more than 15,000 men; and for the year 1825 the
vessels cleared thither amounted to 411,532 tons. about
one-fourth of our whole foreign tonnage, exclusive of
vessels to Ireland.
Suck has hems the use, and so rapid the increase of
these pigmies% that they need not shun comparison,
in commerce or navigation, either with any other por-

el oftete—letote Mew it. is wont* give rise to feelig
tbesellekb %dries hew k. scriptiool Great Britain will
soma grawrialsw! it' anticipate and direr
ern ell law pay r among themselves, r
efielberambased swill the overgrown empire
risco. orisoss
meas sa. - t policy of friendLy I
Ass so*,
be noose OS initial 1 •1 SW owtoot exist 2 4
hsearroptias. Bat the beet p
LA
MM* Ifeepemed or „bops, is rd bold id ow bag
and mucking their whole 1
sha pasts of Nora Bootie_ as
eio2/"Aule _ _ into Slett beast of dial

valuable fishery on- duties-of allegiance end protection 'been as diligently
om those of New- performed amour pan es on-then., they. had newer bete
is are indented with -a bilithen to thountienue. Sbt to insinuate an opioitin
lielrfaileiouniry is of their disaffeetimi, and !talk of .the probability 'of
has, end numerows .their'union with the American Ref üblie,flubt appear,
that there is, it is ito thew at least, oceoketerent little reason, or a snips-
cion they.blive noulleterved. ilf sUchisnacentint, hit*.
ik it yields to no.pait ever,-is now CD be rendered, it may pethaps be fcittnd,
cut healthy; the face on a fair consideration of 'their 'means and resources,
with 'apparently .not so niteily,defscient as is asserted,•ehher in political
fty timber; bcnicath or commercial nifirisourgers.,
qd otheriAbetourte. lise-Abry have *Woad Alt& to Vol
of much *mere • ad- tespittk tiabAlee‘
pis country was one who are posted iothetquerter in •whiCh we heyeilliir'
pt by a few families. to apprehendontd standiskibect treed, of suppmt.
,nd wandering tribes. necuily and preserve •tti its a country of such extehtrald
ontains and sopporns • situation that it. is scarcely of. more consequence thtwe
lons exceed the value -should possess it than that another ibould not ac4skr.
I exchanged fot, 86;4 That an insularvenronstrelal, end manufacturing tuition,
far.more importance, with a surplusend fasi.inereashig.populatioh, had better

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