Star.
London, England, 1816-02-19 00:00:00

tits 51:17.F: OF 111E-Wargll KIN ODOM'
THR PEACE OP PARIS, NOV. so, 1815*
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?OLIO TINANC.S.+ST OKORDE CIIALMEILS,I.S.S•S•A•

[We are store that the Pamphlet which has jest appeared tinier
the abnv.:rick, cannot have been published with a view to the
private emoln-mnt of the Author, and therefore we give It all
the publte't yin oar power. It is bu• " a link & el," but it is
'• 61g" with wrll•cnndensed facts of a consolatory nature,
and well det;etvioig of attention.l

Aft..r vinlent a convulsion in Europe, with its
naterah-freets. a war of two and twenty years conti-
nuance, it is a very reasonable wish, to inquire what
his been its real consequences to Great Britain and
Irelard, in the genuine sources of their energies, and
(heir welt!).
• 1.-os. irte Peoem—ln every inquiry of this
kind, the people are the, chief object ; whether they
have increased, or diminished, throughout so long a
struggle, is a question of great importance. During
the war of 17.56, it was dispated, h:tween Braken-
ridge and Foster, whether the people had increased
'or diminished, and what was their amount ? but with-
out zny decision. During the colonial war, Dovor
Price revived Ow same question ; but he was more
successfully ooposed ; he insisted, that there could
not be more than 5,000,000 of inhabitants in Eng-
land and Wales ; his opponents spewed, from very
sufficient documents, that there were, in England
and Wales, upwards of 8,417.000 souls. These can-
, trarieties of opini,m were at length settled by the psi-.
liamentaty of 1801, which, in opposition
to the do e:rine of Dr. Plice, found in Luglaria and
Wales 9,310,000 sols ; •but, did the population con-
tinue to increase, during the subsequent war ? Yes ;
as the people had continued to multiply during the
wars of 17.34 and 1776, so did they multiply during
the war ut 18•;3 ; for the parliamentary enumeration
of 1811 found, in England and Wales, 10,150,615.
The state el the inhabitants of Scoe.and, at successive
periods, gives the same result; in 1801 the enumerk.
tion found 1,618,303 souls in that country, the enu
meration of 1811- found 1,80.5,000. The same ob-
servation equa:ly applies to Ireland—the .population
of Ireland, when the U.tiun was formed, in 1800,
was supposed to be 4,000,000; by the late imperfect
enumeration in 114, it appeared that Ireland con-
tained nearly (,0:)0,000 of people. It is a fact, then,
that the people of the United Kingdom of Great Br,-
tain ant Ireland have incread, during the I ice long
wars, to 17,208,918 souls, and continue to increase
and •
The DOMESTIC ENTESIPRIZES OF TUE PEI-
- OF 11;e UNFIT!) KINGDO3I.—The best evideace of
those enterptizes, together with their extent, and of
their iectease, is the Journals of Parliament. Prom
this record, we know how many Acts of Parliament
have pissed, S:!ssian after:Session, for making local
improvem:n:s of every kind, during the last thirty
years, of which there have been so many periods of
distressful hostilities. •

In the first period of eight years, when the pence
ended in 1792, And the first war began, there were
passed, of Acts of Parliament, for local improve-
ments, 750; to the subsequent period of war, which
ended with 1801, the number cf such laws for such
local improvements, amounted to 1124; in the eight
years ending with 1814, the number of such laws
amounted to 1532.

These enumerations evince clearly three points : the
' first, that the energy and enterprises of the podic
ccr.tinued to increase, without interruption, during
those long perods of warfare ; secondly, that the
people making those local improvements, turned
their energies unnn the improvement of their several
districts; and thirdlyethat the undertakers of those
• vast e:iterp: izes found the means and money to cat, y
them into effect, in their own industry, their Niro-
ductions, and consequent wealth. Ireland. in the
mean time, has had her fall ;hate of those domestic
improvements.
11L—Or THE AGRICULTURE OF THE UNITED KING•
nom.—During the prei.:?nt reign, at least 3.5)4),000
acres of waste, or common land, have b..en inclosed
and brought int ) tilt!,. Of those local improvements
there were 1591 Acts of Parliament passed for c!ivi.
ding common lands, for chaining wet lands, and for
inclosing open lands; those facts alone demonstrate
that the United Kingdom has been much improved
in its surface during the last thirty years ; and, con-
sequently, is much more valuable as a collection of
farms. A Board of Agri:ulture was in the-meantime
established, for ascertaining the state of husbandry
in every district ; for energizing the husbandmen ;
for instructing all those who arc connected with lands
—their reports evince a very improving agriculture
every where within the kingdom ; and a very active
spirit of improvement, upon better principles, appears
, to have gone forth in all parts of our country ; hence,
by a necessary.progress, the body of the people, either
as land-owners or occupiers, became more skilful,
more enterprising. and more opulent; of conse-
quence there was more land cultivated, with • more
knowledge and more capital ; so that from more cul-
tivation. more skill, and more capital, thus employed
in agriculture, there were more of the products of
lands brought every season to market, from an im-
proved husbandry at home. But, since the demands
of war have ceased, the prices of those products have
fallen ; this is a natural consequence ; as price is al-
ways settled by the vibrations of supply, and demand
-the supply being greater, and the' demand less ;
the prices must necessarily be less. Outcries have
arisen in the country, as if our whole agriculture
were ruined. Those outcries merely arise, from the
mutual complaints.of landlord and tenant; of those
landlords and tenants, who entered into improvident
Contracts during the war: there is neither outcry, nor
complaint, in those districts, where the landlords did
not raise their rents, during the war, when it was
idly supposed that rents would rise, without limita.
.tion. It does not, however, belong to my inquiry,
to enter within the verge of those outcries, and com.
plaints. I have demonstrated what I undertook to
prove, that the United Kingdom is infinitely better
improved, than it ever was before : and of conse.
quence would sell for more: that the lands arc every
where cultivated with more skill, and capital, with
more enterprise and labour : and of consequence
must produce much more than they ever did before:
it is thus apparent, that our agriculture has prosper-
ed greatly, during those long wars.
IV. OF OUR FOREIGN TRADE.—The next object of
inquiry is, whether our commerce has kept pace with ,
the progress of our agriculture, during our long