Star.
London, England, 1816-03-29 00:00:00

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*oo" dams of the community. Their disttesi
was satelyettributable to the depreciation of their
The Country Banks also had been a great
reduce.
assistance tie them; but they had withdrawn their ad-
vance since 180. Since that period the Country
rakers had withdrawn of the circulating medium
naions; and of this there was withdrawn from •
the farmers at least twelve millions. This certainly
Brost pee been one of the great causes of the de-
preciation of Agricultural produce. The crop of
1814 was very plentiful ; but this he could not think
was a sufficient cause for the great depreciation,
as, if the 'produce of the country was greater, the
was less ; and he was convinced there
Importation
was not so great a surplus in the country as to justify
eny thing like the depreciation that had taken place,
if the quantity of the circulating medium had re-
wined. But when once an article began to get
down in price, and there was a sufficiency though
iota superabundance of it in the market, the alarm
sea* desire of getting a better bargain continued
fa long time to depress it farther than the quail.
tit/ or surplus of it would justify. He would- men-
tion one instance of this which came within his know.
leap Barley had been offered at a certain place
fee ioe 6d. a cleaner, and this instead of producing;
s quicker demand for the article at even a lower
rob produced an entire stagnation in the sale olio
soil though the possessors of barley were willing to
sell it for any thing they could get for it, no purchasers
could be found. But though the produce of last year
was so abundant, he confidently looked for ward to a
the in the price of coin. And this would be as bene-
ficial to the labourer and manufacturer as to the
boded proprietor, for every person must perceive
that the lower the price of corn was, the tower the
wages of the labourer and the manutactuier must be.
The mantifactiirer surely could hardly but perceive
that the low price of corn would be as injurious to
him as to any other person in the community. There
were two million six hundred thousand men em-
ployed in agriculture in the country ; and by the de-
preciation of corn, the reduction in their wages and
Ithe inconws of farmers and landed proprietors,
amounted to at least 2u millions a year. Now as
those 20 millions could not be given for the produce
of the menufacturers, of course the wages of the
auerufacturers must be lowered. and they could wore
afford to buy corn even at a low rate, than they could
when their wages were at a high rate. Alter much
falba Mail and argument, the remedy which the
Honourable Gentleman thought most likely to be
poductwe of the desired effect, and roost e•esible,
en what was formerly afforded in periods of sets; teas
to the mercantile interest, namely, that of lendieg
the farmers by Exchequer Bids, or any other means,
assistance, os their own security aid slut of their
'landlords, and he thought twelve miiliens distributed
is this manner, would relieve the egricuione ef the
country in a very material degice. The Tithes and
the i'our Rates, he thought very proper objects for
anendrnent or alteration ; but they were too c•enpli.
eased to hope that any thing could be immediately
done with regard to them. The Poor Rites should
be sent to a Select Committee, and if any thing were
altered in them, he thought the entire system of them
ought to be dune away. He begged 'seam for
having detained the House so long; but he thought
it his duty, on such an important subject, to deliver
his views, imperfect as they were.
Mr. LESLIE FOSTER. contended that nothing
.but protecting the farmers rif the country by heavy
duties on importai ior, could be of material or perma-
nent advantage in removing the agricultural distress
tithe country.
SeJOHN NEWPORT thought that the produce
of agriculture should be protected as well as that of
manufacture, and that either the protecting duties
should be taken off from manufactures, or slicUid
beaffordet to agriculture.
Mr. PEEL wished patticidarly to call the atten-
tion of co Committee to the state of Ireland, which
hof seffeed all the evils which this country had
hew subject to.; and what was still harder upon her,
s!:e wourd not es o ri e enCe that relief, on the conclusion
of ;ix war, wind.: this country would do ; for, whilst
Chat Britain, by getting rid of the Property
and Malt Tez. would get rid of near 17 millions, al-
molt a foarth of the whole sum raised in the year,
the only relief which Ireland, in her present situation,
hold leek stir would be about 4100,000 a year War
Tar, not an eighteenth part of her taxation.—
1:tlt
•thisitceofthiegs, all which could be done for
Ud i
j be to protect her agricultural produce
neseitcoespetition from the foreign grower
aIe.ROBINSON felt the agricultural interestoof
thecountry had, in two most substantial instances, re-
nised the meet efficient relief. He objected to the
&Liming of a bounty, as ',to used by the H
ii"ser, as nut too. •l4 onourable
.ly to produce any good. He also
objected to protection by prohibition, because he
hue then 'anti ]himself to effectiwg a total exclusion
of die produce of the. Continent. Last year he had
bte (oopinion that it was impossible to protect our
4ition. b
agriculture without a certain extent of foreign poolii-
utthat wey a ceoe which set ordinary teoliti-
c"!lrodes at defiance. At prevent he found no diffi-
,..,4lj in laying, that no higher rate should be ins-
"used On the import of foreign corn. As to the bat-'
ofit"ttrt, a prohibition might beimpose; but oil that
and hides it would be impossible. ; because,
bldaeg
so, we stiould deshoy our trade with South
inritton 4. He was afraid, that on the syeterreof pror
ns. they had already gone soo fat ; and he
therefore did not k tow how to accede to all the pro.
Penal!
sof the Hon. Gentleman (Mr. Western),
este
JO in that of butter.
M.
e,nintry 8112._.1-I,AM stated, that in his part of the
tne small farmers were either gone, or
I remained would work for him at Is. and
I‘6l fee eke
hoe „,•_c. al! For his part, he thought that the
tit:6's'l7k of relief for the farme;s would be to
n absolute prohibition of forein corn,
es-
t`pt''l •
hi cases of extreme difficulty. • •
ti,:i:•str. LEWIS said, it was net this or that par.
eiest which was now in danger; it was that
4tl WI
t, etr ‘ 'itch put England herself in danger, by put-
°e landheldies down For although this island
:,11ei:ma bde sunk in the sea, yet its efforts would be
hotected.n lie called if the landholders were not
, ttat hAvin alreadyf
called on the House to consider,
effected their capital by a forced
ficulationg
Wthe currency paper, and a corietquent depreciation
evils
at
.n 'icy rut' the country, it could alone remedy
es,4lll'; from
. such a practice. The mode in
Legislature had allowed the estestoion of

Im.. i - . ,_. !

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LONDON.
FRIDAY, MARCH 29, 1416.

PRICE OF SIOC/ii THIS DAY Al' 1 WELVE O'CLOCK
rtluced (sbut)—Com. mo. 6t —for ace. G!.
4 yrr Cent. (sbur.)--.5 prr Cot:. P.:91 !Po—Bond: par, 13, pr.
Omn. pay. Nit —Exch. 131114 4.. I a. ths.

The present state of the Agricultural interest came
before a Committee oldie Commons last night; when
a Resolution was moved to lower the daties on Milts
Beer, and Spirits, by way of bringing the question
practically betdre the House. 'that the stAte of Agri.,
cultute is at preterit most deplorable is a fact too evi-
dent to be disputed ; but so is that of our frfanufac-
totes : nor Oil it be so easy to apply a remedy as
some people stem to imagine. In fact the present
difficulties are the natural fruit of a long continued
Lysttru, nor is it in the power of human ingenuity to
remedy them in a day ; and Parliament might as well
am nip: to regol.ce the rising and setting of the sun—
the quantity of wet and dry weather by an Act of
Parliament—as attempt by mere enactments to limit
and d:rect the eperation of moral causes which affect
the prestra question.
It is a mt.st intricate subjcct, and if any thing
hopeful is to be expected from the labours of Parlia-
ment, it can only be from their probing the wound
to the bottom, and ascertaining without equivocation
or reservation the real cause of the malady. fa, our
humble opinion the House is yet wide of the mark.
Some of the speakers have approximated, but none
of them have laid hold of the cause and brought it
forth to vitas ; yo this mast be done, or we shall b.
exposed to all the dangers of quackery.
We speak not now of the first political cause; that
is toss obvious to be mist.iken, namely, the long war
in which we have been engaged, and load of taxation
which it has created ; but of the secondary causes,
operating with this and tending to destroy the qui.
librium of property. We have only been able to
take a very hasty view of this intricate subject, and
we may fail hi the few lines we can now devote to it
tomato ourselves intelligible; but we think it a duty
we owe to the public, to throw out a hint which may
perhaps lead wiser heads to a right perception of one
of the leading sourdcs of the present evil.
The public have laboured till this moment under a
dreadful mistake respecting the real prices of corn and
other manufactures—for corn is a manufacture—and
sane have been more under the effect of this delusion
than Parliametwirself. ,In fact, when corn was at
the highest, the grower was getting only at the
rate of itl for every 27 of his nominal price ;

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tot 275. Wis then the Worth n 1 'the guinei.—
Where did the (tiff. mice go ? What came of it ?
It has been divided in bonturt to the Proprietors of
Bank Stock, and in additions m ide to the price of
that commodity. The Bank. w:.en cash payinents
were interdicted, should have been restricted from all
increase of dividends, and the surplus should have
been monthly laid oat in the purchase of h.,llion at tie
market prirr. For want 'of this foresight the relative
valor, of property has been deranged. The Bank has
pocketed the difference,
,and the rest of the commu-
nity have lost it.

These inferences are as certain and infallible in i
political arithmetic, as any result be the regular
working of the rules of Cocker. To shut our
eyes against them would be only to procrastinate
the evil. By what fatality has the time for Cash
payments been again deferred ? rs it too late
to apply the remedy ? If it is, you do not yet appre-
chte the evil as you ought—Y,:u must suffer greater
distresses than you have yet Jobe, n d the country
must endure a prolongation of its miscry.—We shall
return again to this subject.

Philadelphia Papers to the 21st ult. arrived this
morning, but they contain no news of importance —.-
Our transatlantic neighbours appear to see the neces.
city of retrenchinents as well as ourselves.

To-day we received the Paris Papers of Ttresday.
Their contents are not of the most :king importance.
The marriage of the Duke de Bituat is about to be
celebrated in the plainest and most economical way.
The manner in which this union is spoken of in the
Chamber of Deputies is In'some in the extreme. The
French Institute has been completely new modelled.
It is now divided Mu; live Royal Academies of music,
painting, sculpture, kc.
MARCII
The King being perfectly restared to health, heard
grand Mass yesterday. He was received wjth the
loudestmati uns of joy.
The must perfect tranquillity prevails in Carsica
under the government ot the Marquis de Riviere and
General de 1Vi;I:a.
General Debelle has not yet appealed against his
sentence.

The'Members of the Court which k to try G...neral
Drouot are not yet nan►:d.
The beautiful balloon in which MaJemoiwlle Gar.
ncrin aicencLd, has not yst .ten beard of. It most
have gooc an irn:nense dista!ice.

COVIt:EIt FArl:Ao:ll)lN.litY oF TETEIDAY 11011,71 NC.

An Ordonnance of tlae t!lst instant fixes the new
Constitution of the Institute. We shall publish it
to-T110: r,,w.
'rile King wishing to rtcona;ens,! the bravery an.l
fideiity of the lUch Ragiment of the line, has ordered
tfiat its colours shall be'depusied in the roostconspi.
coons place t,l the Chal,el of the •l'huillerics. -
Last night, at hall-past eight, the guard being as.
sembled and tinder arms, the Secretary to the Council
of War read to Genet al lichen:: the sentence 01 dsath.
The General heard it without b:traying any emotion,
then turned In the S:aliiers and said, " My looks are
not altered, for my heart is pure. It the clemency
of the Nang shall be excited towatds a subject
whn wit* only lrd :astray, my whole life shall be em-
ployed in tepairing my foul : my .!eath alone can
expiate them I am read) to die !" ;five L Rli—Pive
/e h 1"

PARIS, MARCH 23.
The affair of Messrs. Brice, limchinson, and Wit-
son, will be definitively turd next month. It is
thought that the cause will be broaght before the
Jury early in the month.
Several questions of laws having been proposed by
M. DUpts, the defender of Sir Rupert. Wilson, 'and
Messrs. Bruce and Hutchinson, they have been offi-
cially transmitted to Londois, 'and answered by three
English lawyers ;n the tollawing letter, addressed to
Lord Castlereagh :
" Mr Luau—We have had the honour of receiving the or-
ders of yoi,r Lordship by a letter front Mr. Hamilton, dated
the 7th, transmitting to ut several papers from Sir Charles Stuart,
his Majesty's Ambassador at the Court of France, relative to
the course of eroceednig which it is propwed to adopt against
Sir Robsrt Wilson, Messrs. Bruce and Hutchinson, anirto
which
our attention is chiily called with relation to the qu.-stions which
conclude the statement of M. Dupls. Your Lordship cars upon
us to turtiLlt the official statement required in answer to these
questions. Pager to obey your Lordship's orders, we have the
honour tit ohs. swing, that when a foreigner is accused of a crime
or offence arras: the "taw of England, he is tried according to
the i tiles of that law—his guilt or innocence is established ac-
cerdnig to the established mezinis of the English law.
" With respect to the right of being tried by a Jury,compossd
partly of English and pertly of flreigners, this right is secured to
the accused by the statute, 20th Edward 11l chap. 13, and for-
nwily recognized by the Staztee Bth Henry VI. chap. 29.
" When a foteigner under accusattoti is called upon to defend
law seli against the charges brought against him, he has the right
of dereaeding that the Jury by whom he is to be tries shall be
composed hati of foreigners, and half of English subjects. It is
not necessary that the foreigners should he of the same country
with the accused; if, however, a sufficient number of the same
country are to he found within tko Bailiwick, or tinker charged
with returning the Jury Panne!, they are always chosen in prefe-
rence. If it should happen that there are not a sulficient number
of foreigners of the sante country with the accused, the number
may br completed by utruti. of English subjects.
" It is the Sheriff, or the Ulbccr whoi!e duty It Is to return
the Jury Panneb, who also returns the list of foreign Jurors, an.t
he ought to take care to select twelve of every descrietiot., in
order that six of each twelve may hr chosen by ballet to serve
tin Juries. It is not necessary that the foreign Juryntan should
have the same qualification with regaid tie property as the Eng-
-I.sh Juryman. 'lbis is provided for by tit: statute of Henry
to which we have Chided.
" It a foreigner and an Englishman are included in the same
indictment, and the foi*igner demands a Jury of half abesis, the
persons accused ma) be tried *tiara-ay, in order to secure to
the foreigner the advantage of a Jury of ledf aliens, And to the
k.nglishman that of an English Jury.
" Such is the general principle established by the Statutes of
which Illetitkot has been made. '1 he Statute, however, of Ist
Philip and Mary, chap. 10, which enacts that all procettliugs in
treason should be prosecuted according to the Common Law,
has repealed the Statute of 28th Edward 111. and taken away
this privilege of a Jury half aliens, in casts of high treason. It
is so stated in 1..0rd Hale's Pleas of the Crown, vol. 2, page 271,
and in the cases there cited.
" lu all the proceedings which take place In England, what-
ever may be their nature, if letters or written papers In a foreign
language are produced, they are translated by an interpreter,
who is sworn to interpret and translate fairly and truly.
" We believe we have answered all the questions which have
been proposed to us In the name of Sir Roses's. Wi tam+, Messrs.
BILIICIS and HUTCSIN so N ; and we have the honour, &c.
(Siimed) " CHRIST. ROBINSON.
" W. GARZOW•
44 Lord Viscount Castlereagh." "S. Smarm tan."

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