Star.
London, England, 1817-07-30 00:00:00

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i

but effective, and may be easily regulated and su-
perintended. Besides, the principles and practices
are now quite obvious, by which any inclinations,,
from the most indolent to the mot industrious, may
. be given to the rising generation.
Q But will not the parties dispute perpetually
about the division and possession of the property ?
A. Certainly not. The labour and expenditure of
individuals are sow applied so ignorantly, wastefully,
and under to many disadvantages, that the mass of
mankind cannot procure sufficient to support them-
selves in ordinary comfort, without 'great exertion
and anxiety ; they therefore acquire, under the influ-
ence of a strong necessity, a tenacious love of that
property which costs them so much to procure; thus
making the feeling itself appear, to a superficial ob-
server, as one implanted by nature in the constitution.
No conclusion can, however, be more erroneous %
for if men were placed in a situation, where, by mo-
derate occupation, without care or agitation of mind,
they could procure the necessaries and comforts of
lifa in abundance, they might be trained to dispute as
little abidt the division of them as they now do about
the commonly attainable products of nature—such
as water ; neither would they have a desire to acco-
mulate an unnecessary quantity of the one, any morel
than they now wish an excess of the other. I might I
add, that under this plan, each individual would soon
discover that he possessed more for his own enjoy.
relent without any anxiety, than he could have ao.
(Inked under the existing system among the poor,
with ell the cares and troubles which they now ex-
perience.
Q. But can these establishments be well managed,
unless by men of great talents and benevolence, such
men not being very numerous'—A. Here also I may
be permitted to say, that a mistake exists, in cons*.
quence of the principles upon which this plan is
-fnunded. and ought to be conducted, not being as
yet sufficiently understood. In the management of
warkhoufes,&c. there is no unity of action ; each part
is so placed as to feel an interest at variance with the
others; they are, in fact, a compound of the same
errors that pervade common society, where all are so
circumstanced as to counteract each other's intentions,
sad thus render even extraordinary energies and ta-
lents of no avail, which, under another combination,
would produce the most extensive and beneficial ef-
fects. From my own experience, however, I can
'aver that sued means and regulations may be adopted,
for the management of these villages as would enable
, any one possessing fair talents, so to manage them
as to give entire satisfaction to' all the parties under
his direction and care, with the greatest pleasure to
hims,ilt and with unspeakable advantage to the coun-
try. Numbers may be found who would soon be
competent to such management, and who would be
satisfied with the living and comforts these-villages
would offer, without desiring compensation of any
other kind, arid the annual expense of such living
would not amount to ifilitrin value.
Q. Is it not to be feared that such arrangements as
you contemplate would produce a dull uniformity of
character, repress genii's, and leave the world with-
out hope of nature improvements;—A. It appears to
me that quite the reverie of all this will follow r•that
the means provided in these establishments, will give
every stimulus to bring forth and to perfect the best
parts only of every character, by furnishing the in.
habitants with such valuable instruction as they could
bot acquire by any other meant, and by affording
snifici.n le e and freedom fr. m anxiety to promote
the natural direction et their powers t when thus pre-
pared by early imbibed temperate habits, by an ac-
etates' knowledge of factr, and by a full conviction
that their efforts ate directed for the benefit of man-
kind, it is not easy to imagine, with our present ideas,
what may be accotaipliAed by human beings so
trained and so circumstanced.
Aa for the probability of a dull uniformity of .cha.
ratter being produced, let us for a raiment imagine
individuals, placed as the inhabitants of these vil-
lages will be, and contemplate the characters that
must be formed solely by the circumstances that will
surround them :—from the hour they are born treated
with uniform kindness, directed by reason, and not
by mere caprice, weakness, and imbecility ; not one
habit acquired to be again unlearned ; the physical
powers trained and cultivatedito twain their natural
strength and health ; the stigma] faculties furnished ,
with accurate data, by all 'the. useful facts that the
ingenuity and experience of; the world have acquired
and demonstrated, aided by..the power of rnincli
trained to draw only just and consistent conclusions,
and each left to declare freely those conclusions, cocn-
pare them with others, and thus in the most easy and
rapid Manner to correct any errors that might other-
wise arise;—children so trained, men so circum-
stanced, would soon become, not a dull uniform race,
but beings full of health, activity, and energy ; en-
dowed, by means of instruction, with the most kind
and amiable dispositions, and who, being trained free
from the motives, could not form one Ipthuive wish
for themselves.
It is only when the absurdities by which society is
now enveloped are in some degree removed, that the
benefit of these new villages can be eves is part
appreciated.. -
So far from genius being depressed, it will receive
every Sid to enable it to exert itself with unrestrained
delight, and with the highest benefit to mankind. In
short, experience will prove that no objection against
the ge new view of society" will be found more futile
than that which supposes it not competent, nor calcu-
lated, to train men to attain the utmost improvement
in arts, sciences, and every kind of knowledge.
Q. Will not these establishments be expensive, re-
quire a large expenditure in the outset, and can such
a mpital be easily obtained ?—A. The expenditure
will prove the greatest possible economy, and the ca-
pital may be had, without difficulty, as rapidly as it
would be required. A largoind anticipated revenue,
°magned by the war expenditure. :u this and other
countries, having ceased, discreia Of diorama grievout
nature has mild I the only lfmedeebat can be found
will be a greatly increased expenditure uppliedte Woo
equal 404 to the interest
Mat k reitrodectine,
of the capital invested, and to the remuneration of
the labour employed, both physical and mental.
these establishments offer means for the investment
-of capital on Security that ought to be considered of
the highest value to the country. Every shilling thus
expended would be noticed gain, create national
-movement, find ample-support for, end re-moralize.
1.11. c population lemployed, and 'return five per cent.

interest for the capital expended, leaving the property 1
annually and rapidly increasing in intrinsic value.
Ditthe situation of the country admit of such a
Slow progress, I should •be satisfied to see a few of
these Tillages set on foot by way of national experi-
'meat, well knowing that their manifold advantages,
and superiority over every other plan for the employ-
men t of the labouring classes, would be obviouS to
every capacity; but I know that, the peculiar cir-
cumstances of this country, and of Europe, will not
admit of this slow proceeding. Value must be re-
stored to manual labour, and this cannot be done ex-
cept by employment en land. When the mode of
effecting this shall be fairly and full) before the pub-
lic, they will readily discover thatahere are no means
within ow present knowledge competentmteoratrive to
individuals and to the country the innu le ad.
vantages that this will accomplish 'for both. With
this conviction before them, the public will feel the
strong necessity for, and naturally require, a liberal
expenditure, in order that a rapid progress may be
made in forming these asylums for the health, solo-
fort, improvement, and happiness of the working
classes, and the rising population..
Q. But should many of these villages be founded,
will they not increase the products of agricultural
and manufacturing labour, which' are already too
abundant, until ao market can be found for them;
and thus injure the present agriculture, manufactures,
and commerce of the country ?—A. This is a part
of the subject that requires to be understood better
than at present it appears to be by any party. Is it
possible that there can be too many productions de-
sirable and useful to society : and is it not to the
interest of all that they should be produced with the
least expense of labour, and with the smallest degree
of misery and moral degradation to the working
classes : and of course, in the greatest abundance to
the higher classes in return for their wealth ? It 1:
surely to Me interest of all that every thing should be pro-
duced with the has: esystrus of labour, and so as to realise
the largest /torsion of comfort to the prodnring classes : and
there are no means of effecting these desirable ends
that will bear an comparison with the combined
agricultural and manufacturing villages, colleges of
industry, county or district establishments for the
poor and industrious, or by whatsoever name they
may be called. It is true, that as they increase in
number they may come into competition with the ex-
isting agricultural and manufacturing systems, if so-
ciety shall permit them so to do; otherwise, they can
restrain them to the amount of their own immediate
wants ; and, constituted as they will be, they can
have no motives to produce an unnecessary surplus.
When society shall, however, discover its true in.
terests, it will permit these new establishments gra-
dually to supersede the others; inasmuch as the latter
are wretchedly degrading, and directly opposed to
the improvement and well-being of those employed
either in agriculture or manufactures, and cense.
quently are equally hostile to the welfare and happi.
ness of all the higher classes. We know lull well the
misery and vice in which the manufacturing popula.
tion is involved : we know also the ignorance and
degradation to which the agricultural labourer is re-
duced ; and it is only by such a re-arrangement of
this part of society that these enormous evils can be
ever removed.

Q. But will not these establishments tend to in.
crease population beyond the means of subsistence,
too rapidly for the well-being of societ, ?—A. I have
no apprehension whatevsr OR this ground : every
Agriculturist knows that each labourer now employed
in agriculture can produce five or Aria times more
food than he can eat; and therefore, even if no other
facilities were given to him than he now possesses,
there is no necessity in nature for 4e population to
press against subsistence," until the earth is fully
cultivntel

There can be no doubt it it the/artificial law of top-
ply and demand, arising from the principles of indi-
vidual gain in opposition to the general well-being of
society, that has hitherto compelled population to
press upon subsistence. The certain effects of acting
cn the principle of individual gain is, ever to limit
the supply of food in an average season to a suffi-
ciency, according to the customs of the times, for the
existing inhabitants of the earth : consequently, in a
favourable season, and in proportion as the season
may be favourable, there will be abundance of food,
, and it,will be cheap; and in an unfavourable season,
in proportion as the season may unfavourable,
,liet
'food 'Will be Wane and dear, and famines will ensue.
And yet no one who underitands any thing practi-
cally of the subject can for a moment doubt that at
the period immediately preceding. the most grievous
femme ever known, the means existed in ample pro-
fusion to have enabled the population, under proper
arrangements, had they possessed the knowledge to
form them, to produce a stock of fond amounting
even to an excessive superabundance. Whatever may
have been imagined by intelligent individuals who
have written and thought upon the subject; the an-
nual increase of population is really one by one ; we'
know its utmost limit—it is only, it can be only, an
arithmetical increase ; whereas each individual brings
into the world with him the means, aided by the ex-
isting knowledge of science, and under proper dim-
tions, sufficient to enable him to produce food espial
to more than ten times his consumption. The fear
then of any evil to arise from an excess of popula-
tion, until such time as the whole earth shall become
an high cultivated garden, will, on due and accurate
investigation, prove a mere phantom of the imagina-
tion, calculated solely to keep she world in unneces-
sary ignorance, vice, and crime, and prevent society
from becoming whit it ought to be, well trained and
instructed, and under an intelligent system of mutual
good-will and kindness, active, virteous, and happy s
a system which might easily be created, so as to per.
wade the whole of society, and extend through all its
ramifications.

Q. By thus altering the general habits and exist-
Leg arrangimeids of the lower orders, would it not
give an increased value to manual labour ?—A. My
iotention was to combine the means at accordplishing
objects which appear to me to be inevitably required
by the:existing state of the country, and to prevent
the violent derangement of society, arising from the
distress'and extreme demoralization which is hourly
advancing, and must go on till effectual and coun-
teracting measures shall be adopted. I saw the poor
and workini, classes, surrounded by circumstances
that neceisarily entailed misery on them and their
posterity ; that, if they were allowed to continue and
proceed much longer, they would farther demoralize,

and violently subvert, the whole social system. To
prevent this catastrophe, it ,beeomes übsoltnely indis-
pensable that their habits be changed, attd this can-
not be done without altering the existing arrange-
ments with regard to them and to the rising gene.
ration.

H the plan proposed shall be found to be much,
nay infinitely, more complete in all its parts, and in
its entire combination, than any hitherto suggested,
and it it can be immediately and gradually intro-
duced, without causing the least shock to society, or
prematurely disturbing existing institutions, then is
the proper time arrived—then are the circumstances
duly prepared for its reception : and I feel a perfect
confidence in saying, that however, through mistaken
private interests, it may be attempted to retard it,
that it will be inevitably introduced and firmtj esta
Wished, even against all opposition. It is, indeed,
of that nature, that opposition will but hasten its
adoption, and fix the principles more generally and
deeply in and through society. The circumstances
that have been silently, for nearly 20 years past, pre-
paring for this end, are so far completed as to answer
all the purposes intended; and the future welfare-of
mankind in this and also in other countries, may be
considered secure beyond the power of accident.
Combined labour and expenditure, for a common ob-
ject, among the working classes, with proper training.
and instruction for their offspring, and surroundgd
by the circumstances devised for the whole, will
create and secure the present safety of society, the
present and future comfort and happiness of the in-
dividuals, and the ultimate well-being of all. I may
therefore confidently believe, that no combination of
human powers can now be formed to prevent its per-
manent adoption.
After having made this statement, it is necessary for
me to add. that the knowledge I have acquired on
:this subject has been forced upon me by a long and
extensive experience; which, under similar circum-
stances, would have been acquired by the generality of
mankind. None, I believe not one, of the principles
have the least claim to originality. ; they have been
repeatedly advocated and recommended by superior
minds from the earliest period of history. I have no
claim even to priority, in regard to the combination: of
these principles in theory : this belongs, as far as I
know, to John Bellers, who published them, and most
ably recommended them to be adopted in practice, in
the year 1696. Without any aid from actual expe-
rience, he has most distinctly shewn how they might
be applied to the improvement of society, according
to the facts then known to exist ; thus evlncingthat
his mind had the power to contemplate a point ex-
tended 120 years beyond his cotemporaries. His
work appeared to be so curious and valuable, that, on
discovering it, I have bad it reprinted, verbatim, in
order to bind up with the paper: I have written on the
same subject.
Whatever merit can be due to an individual fortbe
original discovery of a plan, that in its consequences
is calculated to effect more substantial and perma-
nent benefit to mankind, than any ever yet perhaps
\
contemplated by the human mind, it all belongs ex-
clusively to John Bellers.
. . _ .

Q. Ii it then your decided opinion, that land, la-
bour, and capital, may be employed under a new
combination, so as to produce more valuable results
to all panics than they do at present ?—A. If I have
derived any distinct knowledge by my long experi-
ence and extensive practice, I am enabled to say,
with a confidence that fears no refutation, that any
given quaptity of land, labour, and capital, may be
so combined as to support, at least, tour times the
,present number of human beings, and In tenfold com-
fort, that the same maintains at present under the
existing practices in this country ; and, of course,
that the intrinsic value of land, labour, and capital,
may be increased is the same proportion ; that, con-
sequently, we possess the most ample means to carry
now, without loss of time, the prosperity of the coun-
try to a point it has not before attained; to a height
that no country has ever yet experienced. If any
parties suppose these to be mere assertions without
sound foundation, or to be a visionary scheme derived
from the regions of fancy, they will be mistaken, for
they are the result of a patient and unwearied atten-
tion to discover accurate and practical data, and to
try an endless variety of experiments to enable me to
draw correct conclusions, and thus bring ahe•theotiea
of learned men in their closets to the only test of
troth. by this proceeding, I have been rigors mad
mom satisfied of the errors of mere theory, and
.of:
Melnik real value they have hitherto been Id Man-
kind. I have no wish, however, that any more
confidence should be placed in what I say than to
induce the public to give a fair trial to the plan.—
If I am in error, the lon and inconvenience, com-
pared with, the object, will be small ; but if I am
right, the public and the world will be gainers indeed !
I ask nothing for myself ; and except good will and
the interchange of kind and friendly offices, I will
not accept any thing from any party. I merely ask,
to be permitted to relieve the poor and working classes
from their present distress, and to render an essential
service to the weidthy, and to all the higher classes.
I am, thrretore, desirous that competent persona of
business should be named to investigate all the.de-
tails which I have to propose, knowing, as I do from
experience, that this is the only practical measure that
can be adopted to enable the public to comprehend a
subject so extensive and important as this will ulti-
mately prove to be. _ _

Q. -On the supposition that the plan may be unex-
ceptionable in all its parts, how can it be carried into
execution ?—A. First, by passing an Act of Parlia-
ment to nationalize the poor. Second, by borrowing,
from time to time, on the national security, sufficient
sums to build these •illages, and to prepare the land
for cultivation, the Government holding security upon
these establishments until both interest and capital
shall k paid : by which means, the whole process
would be straight forward, equitable, and just,•_ to all
the parties; and the country would enable the. Go-
vernment so carry it into execution, without- .npposi.
tion from stay it•terested party.

• 26m-emu
After closing the above on Thursday morning,
the 24th last. I little expected that, be;ote it was
ready (or publication, two events were to arise suffi-
ciently important to render a narrative of the one use-
ful, and explanaucn of the other necessary. Such
events, however, have mulled. That which is use-
ful is so valuable and interesting that I lose not a
moment in making it known. Fortunately it admit:
not of a difference of opinions it comprises aim&

matter of fact that may be 'emend investigated by
every one who will devote time to visit the ptincipsl
prison in this metropolis.
Having heard from various quarters what 1 ie! •y
beneficial effects had been produced by Ks. I's .
St. Mildred's-court, Poultry, among the female , ii.
sotters in Newgate, I yesterday, by previous appaset.
meat, accompanied that Lady, and was conducted by
.her through all the apartments of the prison occupied
by the unfortunate -females of every descriptien. I
shall noteasily, if ever, forget the impressions I exFeri.
eneed; they were of a mixed and very opposite natere.
—ln pasting from room to room we were met in
every instance, there was not one exc.-peon e sre
kind boobs and else most evident feelings ot eir.,,•ien
in every prisoner towards Mrs. Fry. N i . :tea .we
in the countenance of any, however h I vied is;
might have been on entering the prison, shit etel f ot
evince, in stronger expression than language can re-
fine, heir love and admiration ti ; eashe had ,;
aat
for them. With an alacrity and pleasere di. would
be commended in the best trait'ed ce..;. ;I I eco, ie attend-
ing to parental requests, they were ready airl wi.ii,.;
to comply with her advice. It wits eviJentl y 4 ;was.
felt consolation to these pour creatures to 1t0..s : r
wishes, that they might skew their grati ude il• t
immediate compliance well them. lila. seek •
• manner and voice, the :angeage et cone, , • .
kindness, and commiseration to tech ; and line e
replied to by all in such accordant lei:hugs sit .
and ever will be, produced in human brio s, e', .
ever they shall be spoken-to and treated thn, t ..
nally. On quitting the prison, the eyes of ail • se
directed towards her, until she was no longer itl,4; it
sight. The apartments and the persons of the isii,,-
ners were clean and neat ; order, regularity, deevec)
and almost cheerful content, pervaded the whcle cr
these heretofore miserable and degraded wretches I
With the constant habit for yeas of reading the n 6114
in the countenance among the lower classes, I could
not discover, throughout the numerous apartments we
visited, one line of feature that denoted any inclina tioa
to resist, in the slightest degree, Mrs. Fry's wishes ;
but, on the contrary, the looks and manner of each
female prisoner strongly indicated a full accedes-
cence in this new government of well direaed &Jaw.
The only regret I heard expressed v:as by those
who were unemployed, if that they had no work."—
All who, had something to do were far more cheerful
than I had previously supposed human beings could
be in the situation, with the accommodation, and
under the ciresmstances here described. We next
proceeded tee the female school, and, on entering,
every eye was fixed on their benefactress. The little
girls, children of the prisoners and convicts, looked
on her as human creatures .might be imagined to look
upon beings of a superior, intelligent, and benetizent
nature.- They were all clean and neat, and some of
their countenances very interesting. The school was
in excellent order, and appeared to be ti.ntler good
management. I could not avoid contrasting the re-
sent with the former situation of all these poor unfortu-
netts. What a change must they have expertericed I
From filth, bad habits. vice, crime; front the depth
of degradation and wretchedness; to cleanliness, good
habits, and comparative comfort and cheerfulness !
Had not experience long made knc'wu to me tilt: dm.
plicity add certain effects of the principles which had
here been carried into practice, I might have been
led to inquire, What profound statesman had been
here ? What large sums had been impended 1—
Row many years of active and steady perseverance
bad been necessary to accomplish this extraordinary
improvement, which has foiled even the British Go-
vernment and legislature to effect during the centuries
they have existed ! And what would have been my
astonishment at the simple narrative which was told
me ? That this change from the depth of misery to
the state described was felled, by Mrs. Fry, and a few
benevolent individuals or the society of Friends, is
three maths, without any increased expense. and with
feelings of high gratification to herself I We left the
female side of the prison, and passed on to the rooms,
and courts, &c. occupied by the males. We went
first to the boys' court, and found the school, which
was formed at Mrs. Fry's request, bad been just din.
missed. The person acting as master asked if he
should muster the boys f to which she consented, and
it was instantlrdone. What a melancholy sight did
they offeast eellection of boys and youths, with
scarcely fhimrpeerance of human beings in their
countenances; the, most evident sign that the Govern-
ment do efhideb they belong had not performed any
part of its duty towards them. For instance ; there
was one boy, only 16 years of age, douh,:e ironed.
Here a great crime has been committed, and a severe
punishmentis inflicted, which, under a system ofproper
training and prevention, would not have talrn place.
My Lord Sidasouth will forgive me, for he knows
I intend no personal offence. His dispositions are
known to be mild and amiable ; but the chief civil
Magistrate of the country, in such case, is far more
guilty than the boy ; and, in strict justice, if n system
of coercion and punishment be rational and necessary, he
ought rather to have been double-ironed, and in the
place of the bey. The Secretary of State for 'he
Home Department has long had the power, rd
ought to have used it, to give that, and every oiler
boy in the empire, better habits, and to place then
under circumstances that would train them to beecre
moral. We left these boys and visitedabe men arm
were yet to be tried, those who h-d been tried, aid
others under sentence of death. Every thing on bin
side of the prison was most revolting to comenn
sense and haman feelings ; but it serves to exitl,4
the contrast between the practice that results, at.,t
ever will result, from acting upon rational and rt 1-
1 tional principles. I wish the Members of Crovre.-
MCDt would now investigate these extraordt..lry
facts. If they were to inspect them, with this fene-
volert female, I am sure they would learn the p.,i+
ciples which have guided her practice, and aJopc
them in all their future measures. They would I.:,cu
I enjoy only The highest satisfaction.
It was admitted by the attendants of the erisan,
that, a few drondas ago, the women were mere &-
prayed than. the-sten are now. They were both pro-
nounced• to be irreclaimable: but the state of the
females has been entirely changed, and that in the
1 short space of three myth:. Nctwithstandiv thi Va.:. tit
men are still pronounced to be irreclaimable! Blame, hum-.
ever, is by uo means to be attached to any of tie
hum:dents of the prison, who appear inclined to d,a
.heir duty as tar as they have received instrtictinna.
Let Ministers attend here, and they trill discover
'that the most powerful instruments 01 C:miallolz...:

Q. Is it not to be feared that such arrangernen's a
you contemplate would produce a dull uniformity c
character, repress genii's, and leave the world with,
out hope of suture improvements ?—A. It appears t
me that quite the reverie of all this will follow s•thr
the means provided in these establishments, will giv
every stimulus to bring forth and to perfect the bet
parts only of every character, by furnishing the it
habitants with such valuable instruction as they coul
hot acquire by any other meant, and by affordin
suifieir n i 'a e and freedom fr. m anxiety to promnt
the natural direction of their powers: when thus pre
pared by early imbibed temperate habits, by an ae
carats knowledge of few, and by a full convictio
that their efforts are directed for the benefit of mur
kind, it is sot easy to imagine, with our present ideal
what may be aceciaspliAed by human beings s
trained and so circumstanced.
A. for the probability of a dull uniformity of .chs
ratter being produced, let us for *moment imagin
individuals, placed as the inhabitants of these vil
lages will be, and contemplate the characters tha
most be formed solely by the circumstances that wil
surround them :—from the hour they are born create'
with uniform kindness, directed by reason, and no
by mere caprice, weakness, and imbecility ; not on
habit acquired to be again unlearned ; the physics
powers trained and cultivated's* twain their nature
strength and health; tht mantel faculties furnished
with accurate data, by all the, useful facts that chi
ingenuity and experience of; the world have acquired
and demonstrated, aided by..the power of mind
waisted to draw only just and consistent conclusions
and each left to declare freely those conchisions,cocn
pare them with others, and thus in the most easy and
rapid Manner to correct any errors that might other
wise arise;—children so trained, men so circum
smaced, would soon become, not a dull uniform race
but beings full of health, activity, and energy ; en
dowed, by means of instruction, with the mast kind
and amiable dispositions, and who, being trained fro
from the motives, could not form one Ipthuive wish
for themselves.
It is only when the absurdities by which society i
now enveloped are in some degree removed, that the
.benefit of these new villages can be eves in par
appreciated.. -
So far from genius being depressed, it will teeth',
every ard to enable it to exert itself with unrestrainer
delight, and with the highest benefit to mankind. Ii
short, experience will prove that no objection again'
the gl new view of society" will be found more futil
than that which supposes it not competent, nor eaten
listed, to train men to attain the utmost iroprovemen
in arts, sciences, and every kind of knowledge.
Q. Will not these establishments be expensive, re
quire a large expenditure in the outset, and can such
a apical be easily obtained ?—A. The expendiuir
will prove the greatest possible economy. and the es
pital may be had, without difficulty, as rapidly as i
would be required. A largoind anticipated revenue
occasioned by the war expendtture. in this and otbe
countries, having ceased, distreis of thernost grievou
statute has ensesd the only tfakedrcbat can be form
will be a greatly. increased exßegdetpretrppliedtolddea
equal lnasse to the interet
that will be reprothmtizw,
of the capital invested, and co the remuneration c
the labour employed, both physical and mental
'These establishments offer means for the investmem
-of capital on Security that ought to be considered c
the highest value to the country. Every shilling the
expended would be national gala, create national in
-movement, find ample-support for, and ra-moralise
1.1;e population lemployed, and return five per cent