The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1839-02-22 00:00:00

TO CORRESPONDENTS, &c.

We beg to asknowledge the receipt of £5 from "A Friend,"
towards the funds of the Church Building Society.
Owing to the length of our report of the important proceed-
ings in parliament, and our extended editorial remarks, ice,
are obliged to postpone communications which we had
marked for insertion.
We shall be glad to avail ourselves of the interesting' contents
of the Perth (Australia) Gazette, the _Antigua Register?
&c., with which we have been politely furnished, in our
next. Several articles from these papers would have ap-
peared in our present publication, if our space had per-
mitted.

ebt Zitxrpoor -4-qallbarb.

FRIDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 22, 1539•

THE UNITED STATES.—By the Columbus, Capt.
Cropper, which arrived here yesterday, we have re-
ceived files of New York papers to the 2nd instant in-
clusive. The news contained in these journals is not
of great importance. Several of the States were visit-
ed, on the 25th and 26th ultimo, with a tremendous
hurricane, which did considerable damage to property
of every description. At New York several houses
were partially or wholly destroyed, and the shipping
sustained great injury. At Philadelphia the effects of
the storm were equally severe. The floods caused
unexampled devastation. No estimate could be formed
of the destruction of property. The following descrip-
tion almost forms a counterpart to the accounts which
appeared in the journals of this town, respecting the
dreadful hurricane of last month :
(From the Pennsylvanian.)
EFFECTS OF THE STORM IN PHILADELPHIA--

DESTRUCTIVE FLOOD.
After a cold spell of unusual severity which closed both
rivers, a warm rain commenced on Friday night between nine
and ten o'clock, which soon increased to a violent tempest.
The rain poured down in torrents until about three o'clock
on Saturday afternoon, when the wind shifted to the north-
west, the weather again becoming cold. The worst appre-
hensions weae entertained on account of the sudden breaking
up of the ice, and the immense quantity of water which fell in
so short a time, were fully realized. The Schuylkill front of
the city yetterday displayed a scene of unexampled devas-
tation.

The Schuylkill commenced rising about one o'clock 00
Saturday afternoon, the flood continuing to swell until after
midnight, when it was estimated to be at least ten feet or two
tides above its ordinary level, which is said to be two feet
higher than the great freshet of February 21st, 1822.
Amongst the other heavy injuries caused by this cola'
mity is the destruction 'of the two bridges at Gray's Fern'.
The old Floating Bridge was carried away on Saturdal,
afternoon, and in the course of the night the new and
costly rail-road bridge at the same place, forming an im-
portant link in the connexion between this city and Balti-
more, fell under the united force of the ice and the current.
We visited Fairmount yesterday morning, and traced the
progress of destruction along the bank of the river. The
dam itself appears to have sustained no material injury, but
even at the time we saw the scene was one of great wildness,
and we might say of sublimity, as the swollen torrent roared
and dashed along its course, bearing immense masses of We
end rafts :of timber on its bosom. The water-works which
supply the city, are stopped for the moment, the freshet
having covered the wheels and pumps ; and at one time the
esplanade in the rear of the wheel house was a foot under
water. The canal on the western side of the dam was com-
pletely overflowed, and serious injury appears to have been
done to the locks, and the bridges crossing them.
In the transportation store-houses, of which there are
many aro:mg the river side, the damage to merchandize must
be immense, as the water rose to the second story of a num-
ber of these buildings, and in various instances the lower
rooms are frozen up. The coal yards present the appearance
of mere plains of ice, the tops of the cogheaps, which have
stood against the current, projecting at intervals. The
offices used as counting rooms, in many places are so far be-
low the accumulations of the flood, as to have the appear'
ance of being partially sunk almost in the channel of the
river.

A singultUr spectacle offers itself between Race and Callow'
hill streets. Both streets which connects them near the,
river, are completely choaked up with large masses of ice, and ,
Vine-street up to Ashton-street, a distance of about eight
hundred feet from the line of wharves, is in the same con-
dition, the waves having reached this point, the whole flooded
ground being closely built and thickly inhabited. The fami-
lies were obliged in the course of the evening, to retire to
to the second story of their houses, and finally, so much 0'
prehension was entertained, that near midnight boats were
rowed about the streets to rescue those who were most ex-
posed, and convey them to a place of safety. The ground
from this place to Market-street is very fiat, and whole fields
are covered with ice, overwhelming gardens, stables, and
out-houses of every kind. The canal bridge on the west
side of the Permanent Bridge, was at one time eight feet
under water.

Canal boats are lying on the wharves and in the streets, at
a great distance from the river—a schooner is on the wharf
at Locust-street, and several sloops are to be seen in the
same situation.

The destruction of property has been so great that it iS
impossible to do more at present than to make a general no-
tice of the scene of ruin. No calamity of a similar extent,
probably ever occurred before in Philadelphia. Various ru-
mours are in circulation as to the loss of lives, which we
trust are unfounded, though there is a probability that men
may have perished in the course of the night attempting to
rescue their boats. But nothing definite is known in rela-
tion to this.

-The Albany Argus of Jan, 27 gives a detailed ac-
count of the extensive loss of property through the
breaking-up of the ice in the Mohawk. Several ves-
sels of great value were completely destroyed. The
amount of damage on the Hudson is estimated at
250,000 dollars.

The Boston Transcript also furnishes an account of
the disastrous effects of the storm and flood in that
vicinity.

We subjoin a few extracts from the latest papers :---
(From the New York Gazette of Feb. 1.)
The Baltimore American states that the quantity of Sour
which has been bought in Baltimore for the English market,
shipped and shipping, is about 20,000 barrels.
(From the N. 0. Bulletin of Jun. 21.1
THE BRITISH SQUADRON AT VERA CRUZ.—Private let-
ters from Mexico have solved the problem that has so much
puzzled the quidnuncs of the day in regard to the object of
the imposing spuadron despatched to the Gulf of Mexico by
the British government. It appears that Mr. Packenham, far
from interfering in behalf of the Mexicans, is about to join
the French in making imperative demands of redress for,
spoliations committed on the property of British citizens an('
other grievances of a similar nature. The impression pre-
vails generally, that if the demand is not immediately and sa'
tisfactorily answered, that the fleet of her Majesty will co-
operate with the French blockading squadron and coerce
Mexico into the payment of their honest debts.
A proposition we understand was made to our Executive
to join the coalition with France and England, but was de'
clined by the cabinet at Washington from a reluctance to be-
come implicated in the politics of European sovereignties.
(From the Merchants 7'ranscript.)
A letter of the 4th instant, from Vera Cruz, states that a
Spanish ship and brig from Havana, had arrived and were or-
dered out of port, and on their way to Sacrificios got ashore
and were lost. Several vessels from New Orleans had arri'
ved. At Sacrificios there are 14 English•vessels of war at
anchor, and the English and French Admirals are on the best
of terms.

It was feared that the vessels from New Orleans and Ha'
vana, at Vera Cruz, would be under the necessity of return-
ing, as they were not permitted to land their cargoes either
,by the French or Mexicans. The whole country is repre-
sented as in the worst condition.
FROM 'TEXAS. —The steamer Cuba arrived at New
Orleans on the 20th instant, from Galveston, whence :31)e
sailed on the 15th ultimo, bringing dates from Houston to the
12th. Considerable excitement had been occasionod by a' attack made in the senate chamber, upon a member of the ,
senate, Dr. S. H. Everett, by the surgeon general of the
army, Dr. Asabell Smith, in which there was a show 0r
pistol and Bowie knife by the assailant, and display 0'
pugilism.

A resolution was passed unanimously by the senate, re'
questing the president to remove Dr. Smith from his office
as surgeon general. -
The bill for the removal of the seat of government had
passed both branches of congress.
From the falls of the Brasos unpleasant intelligence had
been received of an attack by a party of fifteen Indians up_ ,on
the house of a Mr. Morgan. The savages killed Mr.
and cjvtured three women, one of whom was his daughter'
in-law. Mr. Wm. Morgan, his son, was also missing.

The French brig, Therese Louise, arrived at New Orleans
on the 17th, from Vera Cruz, having on board 106 French
passengers, late residents of that city. The Me:rican arra
was lying in the vicinity of the city on the 4th ult., and the
French residents were arriving from the interior with the
view of embarking.

(From the New York Gazette, of Feb. 2nd.)
The Natches Courier of the 18th instant, furnishes the fol'
lowing items :
The Mississippi Cotton Company commenced
ru redeenll
its issues in specie, on the 17th. No n was made upon I

U. S. MINT.—We are indebted to the attention of the
Hon. J: A. Pearce, for a copy of the official report of the
Director of the Mint, showing the operations of that instito'
tion, during the yeor 1838. From this document we cleave
the following facts :
11
The coinage at the Mint in 1838, amounted to 3,979,-
dollars, comprising 1,622,515 dollars in gold, 2,293,000 dols•
in silver, and 63,702 dollars in copper, and composed °
15,336,518 pieces of coin.
The deposites of gold within the year amounted to 1,624,5000
dollars, of which 171,700 dollars were derived from the mines
of the United States.
The deposites of silver amounted to 2,301,200 dollars, and
were derived principally from Mexico and South Amerio• re
In order to meet the demand for small coins, there we
struck during the year 11,449,700 pieces, all under the N3l
of the half dollar, including cents.
The branch mint at New Orleans received it first deposit!
of bullion on the Bth of March. and commenced operatiei
immediately afterwards. The demand for silver change !`,i
the officers to confine the coinage to dimes, of which 367,1,,
were struck before the end of July, when the work was 1,0
terrupted. Two of the officers, and nearly all the work
of this mint were from the north, and it was deemed 110 b,
for them to remain in New Orleans during the first sie%s
season. The value of the bullion received at this mint
'-
40,600 dollars in gold, and 237,000 dollars in silver.
coinage amounted to 40,243, doilars, all in dimes. jo
The branch mint at Charlotte commenced its operations,e
December, 1837,,and has received deposites of gold to t
value of 84,165 dollars, composed of 12,886 half-eagles, an
Pd
7894 quarter eagles. ns
The branch mint at Dahlonega commenced its operatil
in February, and has received depositt of gold to the v,a,ei,
of 141,800 dollars. The amount of its coinage has
102,915 dollars, composed of 20,583 half.eagles.—Bal/ono
re
American.

NEW YORK MARKETS. t te°
COTTON.—There has been an advance within the las
days of +to if per cent .per lb. The sales for the past
"comprise 1,200 bales Uplands at In to 151; 750 Floridan.
14 a 16.; 850 Mobile 11 a 17; 1200 New Orleans 13 a
A fair business has been doing at full prices.
Exchange on England 9 to 9-; France sf. 20.
The news from Canada is quite unimportant.
Alowing is the only paragraph worth quoting
tn
" The Toronto Patriot states that the following Pc'o'the.
nave lately been_ pardoned, viz :—Solomon Sly, one
Pa•t'ly at Ddtintiomary't, and vho NA, o'r'dered for 7*"

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trtation ; Henry Styles, indicted forhigh treason ; Ephraim
kp convicted of treason and banished—allowed to re-
"

ricRIT.--We have received intelligence from Lima to
the 30th of November.
LIMA, 30th Nov.—The whole of the Chilian forces have
retired to the northern provinces, and consequently the com-
!'llnication with all parts of the interior is again open, and
business here has resumed its usual course, and we hope that
the seat of war is removed from our immediate neigh-
felt here
9000 d. The effect of the continuance of the war will be
but slightly.
rtteThe commanders of the foreign vessels of war have refused
aci
nowledge any blockade which the Chilian force may
ro
)t to enforce ; we hope that the Chili= government
mnaY be induced to accept the very favourable terms of peace
I°,llich have been offered them, through the mediation of the
British consul here, although they have been refused by their
minister, who accompanied the army in its retreat.

hmAicA.—We have received files of the Jamaica
lVoi Gazette, Despatch, and Gazette, to the 18th
ulit
tit°. The contents of these papers are interesting
and illiPortant. The reports from the northern side of
the island are gloomy in the extreme. The parishes of
Manchester, St. Elizabeth, St. Mary, St. Ann, and
s
t. Ileums in the East are said to be the scenes of the
greatest anxiety and confusion. Scarcely any of the
\
egr°es, in some of these districts, have yei gone to
,work, most of them, especially the Baptists, demand-
ing 2s. 6d. per diem, which, at the present price of
.Sugar, no estate can afford. The Negroes belonging
to the Wesleyan persuasion are generally well behaved
and industrious. Only two properties were at work in
the„ parish of Port Royal. A correspondent of , the
Despatch accounts for this by stating that no stipendi-
' Illagistrate was ever allowed to intrude upon these
properties, to interfere with the internal management.
These functionaries seem to have been mainly instru-
Inental in superinducing the troubles which now affect
the island.

The Jamaica Gazette of the 19th ultimo animadverts
the„ t.,.
rY forcible terms upon the distracted condition of
island. The inaniaor passive -resistance, and an
organised combination not to work, seems to be spread
most throughout the country. There is scarcely any
gar of this year's crop yet manufactured in the is-
land. Half the canes are rotten—half the cotton has
fallen off the trees—and on many of the estates the
n
igrues will neither work .nor pay rent. The most
ilminY apprehensions are entertained with reference to
the future prospects of the island. Empty ships and
Protested bills will ere lorr.; prove the reality of the
eftplaints made by the planters.
lib lie Royal Gazette, (a paper which inclines towards
cralism in its politics,) observes that a fearful state
of
things is about to take place in Jamaica. The sugar
Proprietor can never afford to meet the demands of the
egrues- The inevitable consequence must be, either
that other labourers must be imported, to carry on the
cultivation at such a rate as to allow the proprietor a
reasonable return for his outlay and capital ; or the
cu'tivation of sugar must be abandoned—an alterna-
tive, which must necessarily involve the utter and irre-
mevahle ruin of the planter.
The real cause of the present melancholy condition
of
Jamaica is readily ascertained. It is not owing to
a
-/IY indisposition on the part of the planters to make
Concessions to their labourers. It is not owing to any
acts of oppression exercised towards the latter. It
d It
not arise from feelings of retaliation on their part.
Lt
bis bad policy which is hurrying the country to ruin;
ad policy on the part of the imbeciles of the present
government at home, and worse policy on the part of
Sir Lionel Smith and his place-loving satellites in Ja-
lilaica• The Whig ministers have combined with. their
?citAls and mischief-making representatives in the
Island, to persecute the defenceless planters,—to reject
With contumely their petitions and remonstrances,—to
refuse to remedy, or even to inquire into their griev-
ances,----to deprive them of their rights,—and to foment
the turbulent disaffection of Negroes.

The Jamaica Standard of the 12th ult. contains an
ample corroboration of the preceding statements, and
and describes the agricultural prospects of the colony
as gloomy and unfavourable in the extreme.
The present state of Jamaica, in common with that
of several others of our West Indian Colonies, ought
t 0 be brought forthwith before the notice of Parliament.
,v
e sincerely hope that some patriotic member of the
House of Commons will shortly insist upon having
Justice done to the maligned and persecuted planters.

bEmERARA.—We refer, with great pleasure, to the
."17 interesting address of Governor Light, which ap-
pears in another column, and from which we collect
that, in
the important colony of British Guiana, the
Negroes, have not evinced that spirit of insubordination
Which has produced such disastrous results in Jamaica.
"Overnor Light seems to have conciliated all parties
by his firmness and prudence.

ST. CHRISTOPHER.—The St. Christopher Gazette
of
the 4th ult., with which we have been politely fa-
l'oured, contains a long and interesting memorial and
remonstrance, transmitted to Lord Glenelg from the
tiollse of Assembly of that island. This document,
which is very ably drawn up, details the various griev-
arle
„ es under which the planters have been suffering.
'Cc have only room for the following extracts :
poWe Claim to be a deliberative assembly—to possess the
riling outg the principles of our measures, and of car-
pin their detail free from all dictation—and we corn-
of thef her Majesty's representative sending to either branch
legislature a model for its guidance or imitation, as a
adictation inconsistent with, and subversive of, our rights as
qteiloerative assembly. We complain of such conduct as an
onempt to introduce and exercise an undue, improper, and
tioehlanstitutional influence by the executive over our delibera-
NiB' We complain, that in the several instances we have
ti Lee d, chartered rights have been invaded, and constitu-
o°Cg,Principles encroached on. We declare that we will
v„,8`°01) to acts a subaltern part in legislating for those who
WP Po„ ufided their interest to our keeping. We declare that
feet'v free 4ssume the responsibility, without the most per-
ton eedom of legislation. We declare that we will never
of sent to be mere automatons without violation or judgment
maintenance °"vn• We declare that we will not raise taxes for the
of institutions over which we are to exercise no
officer°i—that we will not raise salaries for irresponsible
We
bur Complain that our labourers are taught to think that
iro,.est and most effectual efforts for their good, are partial,
ahrfect, and inefficient, conceived in a spirit of insincerity,
°IIY intended to deceive.

Tlogreat subjects at present engross the attention
of Parliament—subjects intimately connected with the
~teitboreBts of this nation—viz., the system of education
aav,
ut to be introduced into England, and the 'corn
8' As the former appears to have taken prece-
dency in the House of Commons, to it we shall at
Present direct our attention.
It is
admitted by all parties that the education of,
3;1°1: t`t i 8 of paramount importance ; but all parties do
hst- agree as to the nature of the education that should
otbadopted. While some persons approve of this, and
th'e,rs of that, system, there are many who say, let
ti;ielnren have any education rather than none ; we, on
tk, °,,ther hand, unhesitatingly say, let children, have
rr, :"cation at all, rather than an education in which
po°r falsehood is taught. It is far better to let a
nd have no food, say we, than food in which there is
°ll. But, as this is mere matter of opinion, and
we (1° not profess to be infallible, either in religion,
ces, or ethics, while we at the same time are firmly
o.h
de-l'i; need that all who differ from us are in error, we
thlre at present to take higher ground, (though not
ni.9hest we could take,) and rest our cause on the
t3econstitution of this land. Is the said constitution es-
ei:tiallY Protestant, or is it not ? If it be, then we
aiillll--then we insist on a national education, essenti-
-42t: Protestant ; and, ere ministers dare introduce a
p:°ll4 system that is not Protestant, they must first
fo 13 a bill for the repeal of all acts, statutes, and
or a' in which the British constitution is denominated, •
represented, to be Protestant; and this we re eat the
,Meatof ~ do p y
, or they will be guilty (we mean what we say)
tieZ9l4 treason. In order, therefore, to let our readers
be irlY understand the nature of the system about to
kmntroduced, as well as to grapple with the sophistry
eoe,..disingenuousness of the noble lord who has con-
with the assistance, no doubt, of Mr. O'CoN-
trier'L, et hoc omne genus, this new device, we will corn-
-14011: e with its introduction into the House of Com-
°ll the 12th instant.
PLord JOHN' RUSSELL brought up, by command of
er ms aie4y, papers relative to education. These pa-
le ,tter
iwhieh we published on Tuesday, consist of a
the m r°ro his lordship, by her Majesty's command, to
eoun airclilis of Lansdowne, as Lord President of the
that thl.l, and the Marquis' reply thereto. On moving
report ;se Papers do lie on the table, the noble lord is
It.et
le° to have said, that as much discussion had ta-
to ace on the subject of education, he was anxious
tnea general outline of the views of the govern-
-1 Granting to the noble lord full credit for his
,_.en i Mention4l4t giving only an outline, we are much mis-
f Iv
• e have not detected in these very outlines the

very essence and deepest root of the whole scheme. So
that if the friends of true religion, the friends of the
unadulterated gospel of God, the friends of our con-
stitution, had any thing to disapprove of in, or to ap-
prehend from, the Irish National School system, we
hesitate not in declaring that they have much more
to apprehend from this new project, and therefore we
thus early raise our warning voice.
After some preliminary remarks the noble lord ob-
served, " that great success had attended the experi-
ment of the system of national education in Ireland."
For what purpose was this statement made ? Un-
questionably to recommend to the favourable conside-
ration of the house that plan which he was about in-
troducing. • Therefore the noble lord lets out, thus
early, though unintentionally, the important fact, that
, this " normal " system is to have, essentially, the
same foundation that the Irish National School system
has : thus the great cause of objection, among- the
friends of truth, to that system, is to be retained in
the new plan. The noble lord mentioned the success
of the Irish system as a ground for recommending
this ; but this ground of rejoicing he was not long
allowed to enjoy, for Mr. Sergeant Jackson, who rose
immediately after the noble lord had sat down, denied
it peremptorily, and stated that " the national systam
of education in Ireland had proved an entire and total
failure. Honourable members would be convinced of
the fact if they only looked at the reports which had
been laid before both houses on the subject. Let him
only ask how many .Protestant children were educated
with Roman Catholic children in the whole province of
Munster? Why, not more than 146. How many in
Leinster, the province which was presumed to be the
most favourable to the system ? 598. How many in
Connaught ? 277. In short, in three out of the four
provinces in Ireland the total number of Protestant
children receiving education at the same schools with
Roman Catholic children did not amount to 900. In
Munster some schools were exclusively Protestant, and
some exclusively Roman Catholic. The same was the
case in other parts of Ireland. In Drogheda, for in-
stance, there was a school under the direction of some
nuns, and on the opposite side of the street was a
school over which a Presbyterian minister presided."
As every statement, therefore, built upon an erroneous
foundation, necessarily ends in an absurd conclusion,
so with respect to the noble lord's conclusion on this
subject.
Our attention is next arrested by the sophistry in
the following portion of the noble lord's speech on this
occasion :—" From that time, (the establishment of
the house of Hanover on the Throne of these realms)
he conceived :the general recognised doctrine of the
state to be, that education was free to all persons,
whether members of the church or of any other religi-
ous denomination. The admission of Protestants,
Dissenters, and of Roman Catholics to civil and poli-
tical rights was carried still further by the acts of 1828
and 1829 ; and he, consequently, thought that it could
no longer be said, with respect either to education or
to the general distribution of political power in the
country, that the principle of exclusion (the Church of
England being alone favoured) was any longer the
principle of the state. On the contrary, the principle
was, that there should be general admission of all per-
sons, without distinction of religion, to an equal parti-
cipation of civil privileges. In applying this principle
to the subject of education, he thought they must con-
sider whether it was a subject entirely confined to a
question of religion ; because, if it were so, undoubt-
edly, as there existed an established church, any assist-
ance given by the state ought to be applied by that
establishment. But this was by no means the case,
Religious instruction was, certainly, a main part of
sound education; but there were other parts also, and
looking on the whole put together, they. ought to con-
sider whether they could not impart the benefits of
education as far as possible to the whole of the people,
not excluding a very great portion of those who dis-
sented from the doctrines of the established church.
He must, therefore, conclude that this principle of ex-
clusiveness which had been set up, this assumption that
the state ought not to recognize or encourage any educa-
tion but that which was carried on by the clergy, was an
assumption of a principle at variance with the general
spirit of our laws, and with the existing feeling of
society."
We cannot but protest solemnly against the insinua-si
tion conveyed in, and the inference the noble lord de-
signedly intended to be deduced from; this portion of
his speech ; which was nothing more nor less, than
that a certain portion of her Majesty's subjects, mean-
ing thereby the uncompromising friends of our Pro-
testant constitution, held the principle that "education
was not to be free to all persons !" We have for some
time perceived the dishonest attempt made by the
Whigs and radicals, to lead the mass of the community
to believe, that conservatives are enemies to religious
liberty, and advocates of religious persecution. We
repudiate with scorn both the one and the other.
We proclaim ourselves friends to religious liberty,
and uncompromising enemies to religious persecu-
tion. Nevertheless, there is a vast difference between
allowing men to do as they please, and teaching and
encouraging men to do what we believe to be erroneous.
Lord John Russell and his coadjutors know, or they
do not know, the difference between the two. If they
do know, then their leading the unthinking part of the
community to confound both together, is not only dis-
gracefully unprincipled, but dishonest; and if they do
not know the difference, then they are much greater
simpletons than we ever considered them to be. They
well know the difference; but their policy is to make
the public at large think as unfavourably as possible of
the only true friends of the constitution.
Having now glanced at Lord John Russell's-speech,
and having seen, through his "outlines" the bottom of
his project, we shall now examine the papers alluded
to. From them we learn, Ist, that this new system of
education, which he has denominated "normal," is to
be under the direction of a board, consisting of five of
Her Majesty's servants : 2dly, that this board is to be
intrusted with the application of all sums which may be
granted by Parliament for the purposes of education ;
and 3dly, that the youth of the kingdom are to be re-
ligiously brought up, and the right of conscience res-
pected. These are the outlines ! As to the board, let
the reader observe, that from it all persons who are
bound, by their position in society, (we allude to the
clergy of the Established Church,) to maintain and de-
fend the truths taught in the articles of that church, are
to be totally and carefully excluded ! It being proposed,
that the said board shall consist of the Lord President
of the Council, the Lord Privy Seal, the Chancellor of
the Exchequer, the Secretary of State for the Home
Department, and the Master of the Mint ! Hence,
ere long, if things progress as they, have done during
the last few years, not only may the majority, but also,
every member of that board, be Roman Catholics or
Socinians. What, in that case, we ask, will be the
principles inculcated through this land ? This one step,
therefore, renders the whole system not only pregnant
with the most direful consequences ; but many, many,
degrees more objectionable than the National Irish
School system. The third principle is, that in re-
ligious instruction, all religious denominations are to
be on an equality, and the right of conscience res-
pected. This brings us to the proof of the declaration
we made in the early part of these remarks, viz., that
if our Constitution be essentially protestant, this measure
cannot be recommended to Her Majesty without com-
mitting high treason. In order to prove that our Con-
stitution is essentially protestant, we appeal to that in
which is embodied an essential part of the Constitution,
viz, the coronation oath. In that oath Her Majesty swore
that she would, to the utmost of her power, maintain
the laws of God, the true profession of the gospel, and
the protestant reformed religion established by law :
and would preserve to the bishops and clergy of this
realm, all such rights and privileges as by law do or
shall appertain unto them or any of them." In this
oath three things are distinctly set forth, Ist, that our
Constitution is essentially protestant ; 2ndly, that Her
Majesty is bound to maintain to the utmost of her
power that Constitution ; and 3rdly, that she is to
maintain the laws of God, and the gospel as taught in
the said Establised Church. Now behold ! ere eight
months have elapsed since the Monarch of these realms,
in the presence of her people, and in the presence of
her Creator, took the above solemn oath, Lord John
Russell has induced her Majesty to recommend fo
Parliament a system of instruction which is in direct
opposition to, and in violation of the said oath! We
do not believe that Her Majesty would, we do not be-
lieve the Queen of Great Britain could, have sanctioned
Lord John 'Russell's statement, had Tier Majesty's

ministers, honestly, and without mental reservation, fully
explained what was the object of this measure. There-
fore, that which they have omitted to do, let her Ma-
jesty's people do. It is a gross libel on her Majesty to
suppose for a moment the possibility that she under-
stood what her advisers were desiring her to do. What.
That Her Majeily, after having sworn to maintain (that
is to defend, to preserve) to the utmost of her power
the gospel as taught in the Articles of the Established
Church, is to recommend to her parliament to adopt a
system, in which is to be taught doctrines and prin-
ciples as directly opposed to those of the Established
Church, as truth is to falsehood, as light is to dark-
ness ! Could she dd both ? Common sense, and the
Divine Author of Christianity, declare the thing im-
possible ! "No man can serve two masters ; ye can-
not serve God and mammon." (Matt. vi. 24.)
In the same oath Her Majesty swore that she would
maintain to the clergy of the Established Church, all
rights and privileges, &c. Now we assert that .one of
those rights and privileges is the education of youth; and
yet from this very board of education, clergymen are ex-
cluded ! Need we ask why? Every real Christian, with
one atom of intellect, must perceive, that the object of
this fundamental part of the system, is to guard against
any of the truths of Protestantism having a preference
to the dangerous errors of Po/pery, or to the blasphe-
mous doctrines of Unitarianism !

We would therefore earnestly entreat all those Who
regard the glorious truths of the everlasting gospel,
and who really value the interests of our protestant
constitution, to lose not a moment in embracing
this opportunity, which it appears Providence has
given, for opening her Majesty's eyes to the lamentable
position in which her advisers are about placing her,
and the real principles of th6se men. Thus this country,
and our constitution, may be rescued from the evil ma-
chinations of designing and unprincipled men. Let the
friencl#r of ,truth throughout thP land, fnrthwith hold
meetings—let them draw up explanatory but concise
petitions to Her Majesty, to the following effect, "That
they have learned with deep regret that Her Majesty
has been advised to recommend a system of education,
which is in direct violation of her coronation oath—
that although Her Majesty had sworn to maintain, to
the utmost of her- power, the protestant religion, yet
that by recommbnding or sanctioning this system, Her
Majesty would be, not only virtually uprooting that
Church, which she swore to maintain, but encouraging
principles and doctrines no less in opposition to the
Established Church, than to the word of the Living
God." Let delegates be appointed, and let them insist
that they themselves be permitted to read the petitions
to Her Majesty; and let us see will Lord John Russell
venture to prevent the access of the British people to
the feet of their Sovereign.

CORN LAWS.—The present ministers appear deter-
mined to.avoid, as long
.as they possibly can, every
question that could at all endanger their existence.
But that question will soon come, in spite of all their
manoeuvres. Lord John Russell asserted in the
House of Commons, on the 7th instant, that " the
corn laws was an open question with ministers ever
since the formation of the Grey administration." The
Earl of Ripon, who had been a member of that ad-
ministration, denied, on the following day, in the House
of Lords, the correctness of that statement ; more-
over that he had never heard before that it was an
open question in the present government ! We here
subjoin the noble lord's own words :—" He felt bound'
to declare, that he never, during the whole time that
he was connected with that government, entertained
the smallest notion that there existed any such under-
standing. It was utterly impossible for him to sup-
pose that Lord Grey's government was founded on
such a principle, because, in 1833, when his noble
friend opposite (Earl Fitzwilliam) brought the corn
question forward, he was requested by Lord Grey to
oppose that motion, and to state the grounds upon
which the government were opposed to it." It is evi-
dent from this, as well as from what we published in
our last, relative to Viscount Melbourne having pe-
remptorily refused to let the House of Lords know
what course government intended to pursue on this
subject, that the sole object of ministers is, to go with
the strongest party; and thus save themselves from
the awkward position of so early turning to " the
right about"

However, the campaign commenced in the House
of Lords on Monday last, by a motion from Lord
Brougham that evidence be heard at the bar of their
lordships' house on this subject. This motion was
accompanied by an elaborate speech, which, like the
generality of lawyer's speeches, was more remarkable
for sophistry, and a multiplicity of words, than for ar-
gument, or cony-non sense. ,All lawyers know well the
advantage, when they have a bad case, of spinning out
their subject to such a length, that they may be able,
before they conclude, to bewilder the understandings
of their hearers : then they can almost make them
'believe, that black is white, and that two and two, if
properly placed, would make five. The levity of his
manner on this occasion, the jokes which he cracked,
and the puns which he made, creating roars of
laughter, would lead any one to imagine that he was
rather pleading the cause of a client in a case of "breach
of promise," than speaking on one of the most important
subjects which now agitates this country, and with
which, the interests of the community are so deeply in-
volved. So totally indifferent did he appear to the real
importance of the subject, that on one occasion he en-
tirely forgot what he was speaking about, and thought
it was the Poor Laws ! And when reminded of his
mistake by Earl Stanhope, he pleaded, as an apology
to their lordships, that " when he cast his eye to the
part of the house where a noble earl sat, his figure,
not unnaturally, reminded him of the subject of the
poor laws ! (Great laughter.)" This reminds us
of the case of an eminent barrister, who was en-
gaged for a defendant in an action at law ; but, so
totally indifferent was he to the real interest of his
client, that he made a long speech in favour of the
plaintiff, and was about concluding, when the solicitor,
whispering, reminded him, that he was engaged for
the defendant. Upon which he turned off the matter
by observing, that what he had stated was precisely
what he would have said had he been for the plaintiff--
in fact, that. was the plaintiff's case ; but that now he
would lay before the court that of the defendant !
The noble lord was replied to by the Duke of Buck-
ingham, Earl Stanhope, Duke of Richmond, Viscount
Melbourne, and the Duke of Wellington.
Upon the Lord Chancellor putting the question,. the
" contents" were very few ; Lord Brougham's motion
was accordingly negatived.
In the House of Commons on Tuesday evening,
Mr. 'Villiers, after laying on the table several petitions
praying that evidence might be heard at the bar in sup-
' port of the allegations contained in the petitions pre-
sented against the corn laws, brought forward his mo-
tion of which he had given notice, viz., that evidence may
be heard at the bar of the house on the subject of the
said laws. Mr. Strutt seconded the motion. Sir
Francis Burdett, Mr. M. Phillips, Lord Howick, Mr.
Pryme, Mr. Ward, Mr. Thornely, Lord Worsley,
Messrs. Horsman, J. Heathcote, Warburton, Cayley,
P. Thompson, Hindley, Sir F. Fleetwood, Lord Stan-
ley, Mr. Brotherton, Lord John Russell, and Sir Ro-
bert Peel, engaged in the debate; the substance of whOse
speeches will be found in another part of our paper.

The house divided on the motion, when the numbers
appeared :

For the motion 172
Against it 361

Majority against Mr. Villiers' motion, 189.

We shall, in the course of a few days, fully investi-
gate the merits and demerits of this important subject ;
and endeavour to place before our readers, in as On-
cise a manner as possible, all that can be said for, and
all that can be said against, the Corn Laws.

ANOTHER STEP TOWARDS UNIVERSAL SUF-
FRAGE.—Lord Morpeth, moved on Tuesday, in con-
formity with the Royal speech, for leave to bring in a
bill, relative to the Irish Municipal bill. The chief dif-
ference between the two bills consists in a proposition
to give the municipal franchise to householders who
have paid the poor rates for three years. This is vir-
tually handing over the municipal corporations into the
hands of the Roman Catholics of Ireland ; and this is
done, no doubt, to please Mr. O'Connell. What ex-
cuse can be made for such a proceeding, when minis-
ters reflect on the numerous circumstances which have
lately occurred, tending, in the most unequivocal man-
ner to demonstrate, that the spirit of Popery is now,

as it ever has been, persecuting and overbearing ? Do
ministers forget the recent petition. from Nova Scotia
to her Majesty ? or have they put it under the table ?
for we have not as yet heard it even mentioned in either
House of Parliament. This petition, it will be recol-
lected, was signed by all the most respectable and
wealthy Protestant inhabitants of that part of her Ma-
jesty's dominions, setting forth, in th e strongest terms
possible, the awful state of things in that province ever
since the granting (we believe in 1832) of universal
suffrage to the inhabitants thereof; in consequence of
which concession, the Roman Catholics have adopted
such unconstitutional proceedings, and.such tyrannical
conduct towards their Protestant fellow subjects, that
public business was almost entirely suspended, the co-
lony brought to the verge of ruin, and the Protestant
inhabitants driven to despair. They further expressed
the utter impossibility of remaining there, unless the
Imperial Parliament should adopt some measure to
control the course pursued by the Papists. Do mi-
nisters forget, or are: their eyes permanently closed
-to every evil which threatens the interests of Protes-
tants ? Have they not heard of the recent event which
took place at Limerick, at the election for the guardians
of the poor. On that occasion the PRECURSORS met,
-under the presidency of the PRIEST, in the Roman
Catholic Chapel, in the poorest part of that city, and
there and then, did prep are a list, which proved the
successful one at the election, from which list every re-
spectable Protestant was excluded !

Mr. Barron, speaking on this subject, said, "it was
very natural that Romanists, having been excluded
from the old corporations, should now retaliate, by ex-
cluding Protestants from the new ones." Very true,
Mr. Barron ; but why were they then excluded, and
what has since occurred to show they ought not still
to be excluded ? If their exclusion was then justifiable,
we say it is so still, unless it be proved that the spirit
of Popery be altered, at which we would heartily re-
joice. In one of our Irish contemporary papers we find
the following very pertinent remarks on this subject :
" Roman catholics were, indeed, excluded from the old
corporations, as likely to disturb those bodies by their
insatiable sectarian ambition ; but we do not expect
them to acknowledge the justice of that exchision.
They were; however, as Mr. Barron said, excluded.
They resent the exclusion, and will retaliate by exclud-
ing Protestants when they shall have the opportunity :
all very natural ; bui is it, therefore, very conducive to
peace, or very safe ? Mr. Barron's is the best speech
that we have ever read against all the new projects
.of
Irish municipal reform."

In conclusion,' we again and again warn ministers
against any further enlargement 'of the elective fran-
chise. We. have elsewhere witnessed the lamentable,
the baneful, the ruinous effects of putting the elective
franchise into the hands of men who are incapable of
judging. We cannot better sum up these remarks (for
space will not allow us at present to enlarge on this
vitally important subject) than in the words of an emi-
tent modern democratic writer, who has himself wit-
nessed the same consequences from universal suffrage:
—" When a nation modifies the elective qualification,
it may easily be foreseen that sooner or later that qua-
lification will be entirely abolished. There is no more
invariable rule in the history of society, than that the
ftirther electoral rights are extended, the more is felt
the need of extending them; for after each concession
the strength of the people increases, and its demands
increase with its strength. The. ambition of those who
are below the appointed rate, is irritated in exact pro-
portion to the great number of thbse. who are above it.
The exception at last becomes the rule, concession fol-
lows concession, and no stop can be made short of that
MOST UNWISE and RUINOUS MEASURE, universal
suffrage."

LORD DURHAM'S REMEDIES FOR THE PACIFI-
CATION OF CANADA.—We perceive, from a perusal
of Lord Durham's papers, that one of the plans he re-
commends the Parliament to adopt, in order to settle
the Canadian disturbances, is to establish there a
LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY, constructed after the mo-
del of the United States ! It is a common, though
no less a true saying, that " a straw will show which
way the wind blows ;" and this recommendation con-
firms our belief, if even we required it to be confirmed,
that there are certain individuals in this country, who,
being totally ignorant, so far as personal experience is
concerned, of the direful consequences of republican-
ism, would gladly to-morrow engulf this people in that
unnatural order of society. Had Lord Durham ta-
ken the trouble, ere he re-crossed the Atlantic, and
which he ought to have done, before he ventured to
recommend the adoption of a plan which he had never
seen in operation—had he, we say, paid the United
States a visit, and not only quietly looked on, for a
few months, at the working of the system, but confi-
dentially consulted some of the men most eminent, in
that country, for talent, knowledge, and integrity, we
are convinced he would have come home an altered man.

We are happy to find that, as ministers have re-
fused to lay before Parliament the whole of the pa-
pers relative to Canada, Sir Francis Head has deter-
mined to publish all his despatches. The public may
rely that although the truth may have been told by.
Lord Durham, yet the whole truth has not.

MR. O'CONNELL AND THE MINISTRY.—We
stated in our last we would prove, by circumstantial
evidence, that there exists a private alliance between
the great agitator of Ireland and the present ministry.
Now for the proof. It is no doubt known to most of
our readers that there is in Dublin a certain paper
the Pilot; and that this paper, if not actually the pro-
perty of Mr. O'Connell, was, at all events, avowedly
established under his auspices as his especial organ.
It is well known that the royal speech, up to the period
of its delivery, is strictly a ministerial secret—at least
a true copy of it is not suffered to transpire, or go
beyond the bounds of the ministerial circle, until, be-
ing read in the house, it has become public property.
Therefore it necessarily follows, that any one who be-
comes possessed of that speech before its delivery,
must be in intimate alliance, friendship, and confidence
with ministers.

_ The Mail, the name of a conservative paper in
Dublin, established at an enormous expense an express
between that city and London ; and, by means of this
express, was enabled to have, in the incredible short
space of twenty-one hours, the royal speech, ready for
publication, throughout town and country. Mr.
O'Connell's paper, the Pilot, which does not even pre-
tend to have any express between the two cities, and
the Mail, are published on the same day. On the same
evening, and at the same hour, that the Royal speech
was published in the Mail, which received it by its own
private express, did the same speech appear in thP
which had no possible means of receiving it on that day.
The conclusion is manifest, viz, that Mr. O'Connell
must have received it from ministers before it was deli-
vered from the throne. Therefore, the proof of Mr.
O'Connell's friendship and alliance with the present
cabinet is fully made out, and may be thus syllogisti-
cally established :
No one receives the Royal speech from ministers be-
fore it is delivered from the throne, except the con-
fidential coadjutors of ministers.
Mr. O'Connell received the. Royal speech from mi-
nisters before it was delivered from the throne.
Therefore Mr. O'Connell must be a confidential
friend and coadjutor of ministers.
The data, from which we have drawn the above in-
ference, are copied from the Dublin Evening Mail.

UNITARIAN CONTROVERSY. -We request our
readers to peruse attentively the statements made by
the Unitarian minister, published in another part of
our paper of this day. We took particular pains to
take them down as they were uttered by the reverend
gentleman. We have since read them for a most ta-
lented Unitarian who was also present on the occasion,
and who admits that the substance, and almost in all
instances, the very words used, are faithfully recorded.
We liave done all this in order. that the public may
clearly understand the real sentiments of Unitarians :
for we confess, that so adroitly do they generally con-
ceal their views, so respectfully do they speak of the
Lord Jesus Christ, and so frequently do they use scrip-
tam' phrases, respecting the atonement and salvation,
&c., one can hardly credit that they believe Jesus to be
a mere man, and the doctrine of the atonement an im-
position. (See Mr. Thom's lecture.) This controversy
has, at all events, done one good already, and if it did
no more, we deem that one to be of great importance ;
which is, that it has made them, in the heat of argu-
ment, throw off their wonted caution, and fully de-
velope their awful deetdnee.-

THE UNITARIAN CONTROVERSY.

BOTH SIDES.

The substance of the arguments of the Rev. F. Ould and the
Rev. Mr. Thom, as taken down at the time of their delivery.
THE REV. MR. OULD, THE REV. Ma. THom,
Against Unitarianism. In di fence of Unitarianism.
TEXT, 1 Cor. 22, 23, 24. TEXT, COI. i. 27, 28.
The Rev. Gentleman cons- The great question is,
menced by justifying the con- " What it is to be a Chris-
duct of himself and of his flan?" There are two sources
brethren in getting up this from which an answer to this
controversy, and proved, not question may be obtained :
only from Scripture, but also the one, Christ himself ; the
from his ordination pledge, other, those at the present
that they were bound not only day who follow Christ. A
to attend to the instruction, correct idea of duty may be
&c., of their congregations, obtained from the character
but "to banish" (using the of Christ, which is the best
very words of the ordination criterion. Those cannot be
pledge) " all false doctrine far from Christianity who
from the land ;" and surely drink into his spirit. Christ
none more dangerous, none embodied his own teaching.
more false, than the Unita- To set him up as the great
Han, as he would immediately moral head cannot be to
prove. He protested against preach another Gospel (1)—
the name Unitarian being as- cannot be a fatal error. The
sumed by the body of people true definition of a Christian
who now are so called. They is one who trusts to that God,
had no particular right to that and conforms to the will of
name ; but they use it in or- Him who is the image of that
der to make it appear that we God (2).
worship more Gods than one! There is another way of
Unitarians complain because bringing into comparison the
Trinitarians cannot recognize spirit of Christianity with
them as Christians ; but how this spirit. If the system
could they consistently recog- does not come up to the ex-
nize those to be Christians pectation of Christ, it is not
who deny the foundation of all Christianity ; and as Trinita-
Christianity, viz. the atone- rianism has been that which
molt. Do they not consider destroyed those hopes and
Trinitariang idolaters. ? and expectations of Christ, it is
if they do not reject Trinita- a demonstration that it is not
rians as Christians on account Christianity.
of their idolatry, it is not Nothing is so peculiarly
charity, but irldifference, and characteristic of Christianity
shows the strong tendency of as that of its being a universal
Unitarianism to Deism. Dr. church (3). It may be asked,
Priestley and others pro- is there, in the actual Church
nounce Trinitarians to be as it now is, unity of spirit?
guilty of idolatry. Is there unity between the
The great question is, are branches and the vine ?
the doctrines, which Unita- Trinitarian Christiantity is
rians hold, dangerous, and founded on a principle direct-
do they endanger salvation ? ly opposed to this : it denies
They do most unquestionably. there is any union exert the
F... the Utittttllctub Cu nut, oon a fey. creeds (4). It is,
and cannot, put any trust in therefore, clear this system
Christ, seeing they believe cannot be Christianity. Tri-
him to be only a creature. nitarianism, as a system, does
The whole tenor of Scripture not gather, but scatters-Ldoes
points Him (Christ) out as not draw together, but casts
the great object and founda- out—making• the essence of
tion of all trust. deity (5), three in one, an d
If, moreover, the death of punishment by substitution,
Christ be the only way of sal- for a transgression by substi-
vation, as declared in the sa- intim, the bond of union.
cred Scriptures, by the Pro- There is no doctrinal union
phets, by the Apostles, and in it—a church split and rent,
by Christ himself, in fact, the at all times, even in its very
very substance of the Gospel, bosom.
a denial of it is a denial of the Unitarians hold as essen-
Gospel, of the very founda- tial the taking into the heart
tion of Christianity, and, con- the moral image of Jess (6).
sequently, of Christianity it- Trinitarians hold as essen-
self ! Therefore Unitarians, tial, not that he may receive
upon their own showing, re- Jesus, but that he mayreceive
ject that (the atonement) a certain metaphysical creed,
which the Bible declares is which neither Milton, New-
the only way of salvation ; ton, nor Locke could find in
and, therefore, it necessarily nature !
follows that their doctrines Trinitarianism,by demand-
are most dangerous and fatal. ing an intellectual instead of
Again, Unitarians deny and a spiritual union, has destroy-
ridicule regeneration, or a ed the tendency to a union
change of heart, and teach in love.
only a change of manners. Suppose that a man's eter-
Here is another important nal state depends not upon
Scriptural truth rejected by his moral character, but upon
them ! Unitarians are very trusting to certain creeds, how
fond of appealing to nature can a man be sure that he has
and common sense to prove got the true creed ? Then it
their views. They call their necessarily follows, that the
religion rational Christianity! more creeds the pore safety !
Here, again, we are at issue ; He is left in doubt, unless he
for the sacred writers unequi- be a Roman Catholic. If
vocally declare that the Gos- God requires from men cer-
pel is opposed to the natural tain doctrinal creeds, how
mind of man. St. Paul, de- can a man know which' is the
dared that "it was a stumb- true creed without some in-
ling block to the Jews, and fallible instructor ? Unitari-
foolishness to the Greeks," ans do not believe in the ple-
-1 Cor. i. 23 ;—and that his nary or verbal inspiration of
preaching " was not with the the Bible.
enticing words ;of man's wis- Having got an inspired Bi-
dom ;"—" that faith should ble, an inspired interpreter is
not stand in the wisdom of wanted (7)• Roman Catho-
men ;"—and that " the natu- lies would treat men better
ral man receiveth not the than those persons. Out of
things of the Spirit of God, Popery there is no certain
for they are foolishness unto tribunal : one man's truth is
him ; neither can he know just as good as another man's
them, because they are spiri- truth !
tually discerned." 1 Cor. ii. The second indictment
4,5, 14. s against the Church is, that,
Independently of these con- by making creeds the crite-
siderations, Unitarianism is Hon of Christianity, there is
defective on account of its a strong tendency to Popery.
practical tendency. And I Salvation cannot be begun
shall arrange my subject un- with creeds without Popery
der the following four heads:— (8).
1. It tends to diminish the Unitarians tolerate intel-
authority of the sacred Scrip- lectual differences. They do
tures, by denying their plena- not say that those who wor-
ry inspiration, rejecting great ship Christ, believing him to
portions of those books which he one with God, are idola-
constitute the sacred canon ters : but they do say, that if
of Scripture, and so render- those who do not believe him
ing doubtful what is, and what to be,:, God were to worship
is not, of Divine authority. him, they would commit ido-
2. It tends to diminish and latry.
lessen, rather than promote, Christianity has an essen-
love to Christ. tial belief, viz., " that Jesus
3. It tends to foster and is the moral image of God"
cherish pride. (9). All doctrines are not
4. It tends to produce' infi- equally pleasing to God ; but
delity. we warn you against the
In proof of the plenary in- " IMPOSITION that sal-
spiration of the Scriptures, " vation is by faith, and not
the Rev. Gentleman referred "by works" (10). St. Paul
to numerous passages in the does not mean that salvation
Old and New Testament, and is by belief, but by trust ;
concluded with the emphatic and the works he alludes to
denunciation declared in Rev. are not moral duties, but
xxii. 18, against adding to, or Jewish ceremonies.
taking from this sacred book. Trinitarianism is a system
Now, the Unitarians, in order which the Scriptures do not
to support their views, reject teach, but denounce. There
considerable portions of the is nothing in it but priestly
Scriptures. Like the plain- spirit.
tiff who,% in a well-known suit Salvation consists only in
at law, included in:the action a salvation from sin, and
all those persons who could from moral fears.

appear as witnesses against Unitarians appeal more to
him, in order to get rid of the understanding than to
their testimony ! the heart.
Dr. Priestley, the great Trinitarians scoff at reason,
arch-apostle of Unitarianism, and attempt to make others
unequivocally denies that the also scoff at it.
Scriptures are divinely inspir- Unitarians appeal to rea-
ed, and says " there is no son, and affirm that this rea-
proof whatever of their being son is the very salvation of
so inspired !" Dr. Channing, the sons of God
the first Unitarian divine in Unitarianism alone puts
America, says, they are mere forth the truth, that the mo-
human records. The books ral character is not only the
of several other Unitarian means to salvation, but is
preachers were then referred salvation itself! 'inns WE
to, in all of which the inspi- QUALIFY OURSELVES FOR
ration of the Scriptures was HEAVEN ! (11.) This is not
denied ! So that you will per- the salvation so much vaunt-
ceive (said the lecturer) that ed by Trinitarians, but that
unless Unitarians are allowed Christ bore in his own person
to adjust the Scriptures to the punishment due to their
their own belief, they give sins. Christ becomes the
them up ! False religion shows purchaser of heaven for every
itself in no one act mores con- one who believes their creed.
spicuously than in turning us We say Christ lived to teach
away from the Scriptures. us, by his example, the moral
The Unitarian Bible (a new character : he died to set us
Bible) was published in Lon- an example—he died to teach
don, 1819, in the preface to us patience under suffering—
which the writer says, " ver- he died to teach us obedience
bal criticism is not attended and submission ! (12.)
to in this Bible !" "No su- The great use of this Uni-
perstitious regard to the text !" tarian controversy is to warn
That is, in other wads, the men against this doctrine of
exact meaning of words is not salvation by substitution—
attended to in the translation against this fatal error. (13.)
of this Bible! Of the truth We do not mean thatanything
of this, the work itself fur- we can do merits heaven, but
lushes abundant proof ! In we do mean that a good life
the first place, the whole Ist is that which procures it for
and 2nd chapters of Matthew us ; and this we hold to be
(except the first 16 verses of the sublimest truth—the very
the Ist chapter) are entirely essence of the Gospel. (14.)
expunged ! Secondly, the Trinitarians do not 'deal so
whole Ist and 2nd chapters strictly or so justly with sin
of .Luke are also left out ! (15): the mean tendency is
And yet, in a note in the same to make men think little of
Bible, it is acknowledged that sin. The doctrine which
these four chapters are found tearhe.
in all extant MSS. ! They hope on the atonement is an
leave out these four chapters unnatural alliance, and a
upon the authority of two he- heart distributed between
retics, Ebion and Marcion ! three Gods cannot be much
The former lived in the first, attached to any.
and the latter in the second We reject the doctrine of
century. They also leave out favouritism. We protest with
of this Bible the whole of the abhorrence against that doc-
epistle to the Hebrews ! trine which teaches that God
My second position, said cannot forgive sin without
the lecturer, is, that Unitaria- punishing the innocent. (16.)
nism tends to diminish and We deny altogether the ina-
lessen, rather than promote, bility of man to do God's
love to Christ. Love to Christ will. (17). We believe man
is set forth most emphatically can do all that God com-
and conspicuously in the Bi- mands. Others may cast
ble, and the ground or cause their burdens on God, but
of that love, what he, Christ, we will look to ourselves.
who is " the way, the truth, The doctrine of corrupt
and the life," hath done for nature teaches us to transfer
us. The Scripture rule is, our sins to our race, and not
"he to whom much is for- to our own will.

given loveth much;" and St. We believe the fitness for
Paul, alluding to the nature heaven consists in our moral
of HIM who did this love- character (18), and that the
producing work, says, "whose brightness of heaven will be
are the fathers, and of whom, in proportion to our fitness !
as concerning the flesh, Christ We believe in a graduated
came." Here, said the Rev. scale of retribution—not eter-
Lecturer, Paul might have nal torments. Our objection
stopped : but no ; he pro- to this is a natural one. The
ceeds to develope who this appalling sentiment of the
Christ is, even He " WHO is sinner standing before the
OVER ALL, GOD BLESSED Judge to receive his eternal
FOR EVER." Rom. ix. 5. doom, has never done good.
Now Unitarians believe this We love Christ as we love
Christ to be a mere man, and all good and -holy people, for
his goodness, or moral cha- the goodness of his character
racter, the sole ground of —not for what he has done
love to him. They at once for us !

reject the Scriptural rule of It was said Unitarianism
love, and they deny the atone- encourages the pride of the
ment which he has made. human heart, but we say
The third position is, that Trinitarianism is that which
Unitarianism tends to foster does this very thing, by iden-
and cherish pride. The pro- tifying their sense of the
phet Isaiah says, " the lofty Scripture with God's sense.
looks of man shall be hum- The great importance of
bled,
and the haughtiness of the Unitarian controversy is
men shall be bowed down ; to show, that Trinitarianisni
and the Lord alone shall be is the antagonist to all union.
exalted in that• day." Uui- This is his heaviest indict-
tarians deny human depra- ment against Trinitarianism,
vity,—the Scriptures fully de- that it destroys the image of
dare it. Unitarians say re- Christ, and creates in its place
pentance and a good life are strife, wrangling, discord,
all that are necessary to ob- heat and controversy, &c.
tain happiness hereafter Trinitarianism has long
the Bible lays, the work of been the prevailing opinion

Christ is that which is neces- of Christendom. It has not
sary. The former thus give wrought the works of Christ.
every ground for boasting;— It has added to the glad ti-
the latter takes away all such dings some other conditions,'
ground, and says, " where is which we can lay our finger
boasting then?" "IT IS Ex- on.
CLUDED !" Rom. iii. 27. The It was said Unitarianism
former place the crown of leads to infidelity. Is it be-
salvation on man's head in cause we keep those driven
virtue of his own works ; away from the Church by
the latter places it on the metaphysical speculations ?
head of Christ, and the re- Is it because we stay the
deemed are found in heaven wanderer? Is this the spirit
casting their crowns, which of, or a tendency to, in4de-
they received in virtue of lit
Christ's perfect work," at the The new version of the
feet of Him who was slain, Bible to which allusion has
even the Lamb who is in the been made, let it be known,
midst of the throne." is not used in Unitarian wor-
Unitarians boast that their ship. No one is answerable
religion is a rational religion, for it except its editors—and
perfectly consistent with their not even those persons, with
reason, and many of their\ us. Ii is based on the trans-
leading men consider they lation of an Archbishop of
possess greater comprehen- the Church of England and
sion of mind than the sacred Ireland.
writers themselves, or even Lastly, the two great prin-
than Christ. Accordingly, Dr. ciples of Unitarianism are—
Priestly says, " The sacred Ist. Spiritual allegiance to
writers spoke so as not to be Christ; 2ndly. Spiritual li-
fully aware of the meaning of berty from ought besides—
their own words ;—even Christ creeds, traditions and priests.
used language he did not re-
flect on ; and if interrogated,
would have answered unfa-
vourably !" Thus it must be
manifest that Unitarianism
tends to foster arid cherish
pride.
The fourth and last posi-
tion is, " that Unitarianism
tends to infidelity." In proof
of this, Dr. Channing's ser-
mons were again referred to,
in which the Doctor admits
that to be the case. More-
over, the Unitarian College
at Hackney was entirely bro-
ken up owing to the infidelity
that spread among the pupils
of that establishment. There
are several analagous points
between infidels and Unita-
rians, which I shall now de-
tail in order.
1. Unitarians defend their
views by .ppe..ung Li) 1........-
reason.-Infidels do likewise.

2. Unitarians deny the Di-
vine inspiration of the Holy
Scriptures.—lnfidels do like-
wise.

3. Unitarians admit some
parts of the Bible to be true.
—lnfidels do likewise.

4. Unitarians object prin-
cipally to the plan of salva-
tion therein revealed.—lnfi-
dels do likewise.
5. Unitarians hold that the
belief in any particular plan
of salvation is quite unimpor-
tant towards making men
happy.—lnfidels do likewise.

6. Unitarians reject the
Gospel because it reveals the
wrath of God against sinners,
and the only way of escape
by the atonement.—lnfidels
do likewise.

That Unitarianism neces-
sarily leads to infidelity, and
that the arguments of Unita-
rians, if carried out, would
prove infidelity, no reflecting
man can doubt : hence almost
all the principal infidels of the
present day in this country
have passed, in their gradual
departure from simple Scrip-
tural truth, through Unitari-
anism. This is the last de-
gree immediately preceding
Deism. The Rev. Gentleman
then concluded, (after first
showing how Unitarianism
was calculated to rivet both
infidels and Jews in their
rejection of Christ and of his
Gospel,) with an affectionate
and powerful appeal to the
heads and hearts of his audi-
ence, on the all-importance
of seriously reflecting on the
great truths which he had set
forth, and on the awful and
fatal consequences of belief
in the Unitarian creed, which
was a virtual rejection of the
Gospel, and of the testimony
which God hath given of His
Son.

[We must postpone our analysis of the Rev. Mr. Thom's
defence of UNITARIANISM till our next, when we will notice
the several statements therein, as we have arranged them,
under eighteen heads.—Ed. L. S.]