Star.
London, England, 1828-11-06 00:00:00

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THURSDAY EVENING,.

GUNPOWDER PLOT.

.
RING JAMES'S OWN ACCOUNT OF THE PLOT.
The King's Speech, made to both Houses on.opening
the Parliament, which was to have been destroyed by
this horrible conspiracy, remarks, with the usual pedan-
tic quaintness of that Monarch, that of three different
ways in which mankind in general may be put to death
—namely, by men, wild animals, and inanimate things
—the most cruel and unmerciful is, destruction by.'
inanimate things; of that destruction the most fearful,
by the two elements of water and fire;—and of those
two that fire is the most raging and merciless.—
" And in the cruelty of this plot itself," he continues,
" My Lords, and you Knights and Burgesses, there
cannot be enough . admired the horrible and feats'
cruelty of their device, which was not only for the
destruction of my person, nor of my wife and posterity
only? but of the whole body of the State in ger\eraL
Irherlin should neither have been spared, or distinctioui
made of old or young, of great nor of small, of man'
nor of woman. The whole Nobility ; the whi•le
Reverend Clergy.; Bishops, and most part of the good
preachers; the most pest of the 'Knights ead-Gentry I,
yea, and if that any in this society were faircnittri 01
their Ot.ofession,.tbey should all hale Robe one , way..
The whole Judges of the lend, with most of the lawyeir
and the Whole clerkst and as the wretch himself that is
in the Tower cloth confess, it Will purposely devi-ed by
Ahem, and concluded to be done in this House; that
where the cruel laws las. they say) were made against
their religion, both place and persons should all be de-
stroyed and blown up at once."
, Again, at It these conspirators had only been bank-
rupt persons, or discontented upon any occasion of dis-
grace done unto them, this might have seemed to be a
work of revenge; but fur mine own parr, as,l scarcely
ever knew any of them, so cannot they allege so much
as a pretended cause of grief; and the wretch himself in
hand Both confess th It there was no cause moving him or
them,but merely and only religion; inn can he be moved
to discover any signs or notes ref repentance, except only
that he repents for not h•ing able to perform his intent."
'When the letter wav silo ed me by my Sect eury,where.
in a general ohscure advertisement as given of some
dangerous blow at this time, I did, upon the instant, inter-
pret and apprehend some dark ph: ase. therein, corm ary
to the ordinary grammar construction of them (and in
another soil than. I am sure, any Divine or Lawyer in
any University wou:d have taken them). to be meant
by this horrible form of blowing us up all by powder!
and thereupon ordered that strict search to be *deal
whereby the matter was discovered, and the man apt
pretended ; whereas if I had apprehended or interpreted.l
it to any other s rt of danger, no worldly provision or
remedy could have made us escape our utter destruct*.
" And in that els) was there a wonderful providence',
of GOD. that, *hen the party himself was taken, he was,
but new c•'me out of his house from working, having
I his firework for kindling reAdy in his Pockei.wheiewith,
'Ube confesbeth, if he had been taken but immediately
before, wheo be was in the House, he was.resolved- to
have blown up himself with his takers. • One t•-ing, tat
infewn pan, ;have I cause to thank GOD in. L-that if
GOD, for out 'sins, had suffered thrr a icked intents to
have pieitatied, it should never have been spoken or
'rimitien'in ages succeeding that 111.0 died itiglottou-ly
in an alehouse, or stews, 01 such vile place, but mine
sod should have been with the most honourable and
best company; and in that most honout able and fittest
place fir a King to be in--his Pit liament."
His Majest), alter expressing his conviction that firs
loving subjects 11`f all degees' would, with their tongue,
be as ready to uttei then dutiful affect: ns, as with then
hands and feet to concur in the execution of justice.
concludes, wi,h great moderation, that they should nut
" rashly blame such av might be innocent of this at.
tempt." " I should be ...Ivy," he says; o that any being
innocent of this practice, either domestic or foram,
should receive blame or harm for the aame. For, al-
though it cannot be denied that it was only the blind
superstition r.f their errors in relig on that tel them to
this desperate device, 3 et doth it not follow that all pro-
fessing the Komish aelgion were guilty of the -same;
many such either not knowing, or not believing, all the.!
true grounds of P..pery, which is indeed the monster of
iniquity."
In a Discomrss of the Manner of the Discovery of the
Ganpowlerf lot. the author pet tinentiy tamer ves,that had
the contemplered destruction taken place, gi tires cans
Retie. Arse coon foci:, Lewes cum Penatibus, should all
at-one thutidei clap have bees. sou to Heaven together ;1
nit only the King, Queen, Nitres, and entire Parlia-1
merit, but even the insensible stocks and stone- should,
not have been free cf their fur). l'.e Hall of Justice.
the Rouse of Parliament, the Church u rd tot t e Co-
ronation of our Kings, the monuments of our former
Princes, the Com n (then Aept at Westminster Aubey),
and other marks of royalty ; all the records, as welly of
Parliament as of every particular tight, with a I
great number Ef charters and such like, sh uld all
have been comprehended under that fearful chaos." .
The •'arailioi's narrative of the disc:,very itself has,
1
been too frequently copied to Ai ,rd any novelty. All
Fawkes's Invadis, he tells use answ-ring quickly to
every
.nian's objection, scoffing at any idle quest,ons
Which Were propounded unto him,and jesting with such
as he thought bad no authority to examine him," for..
sack him at the Tower, " at which he did not remain
above two or mince days,. bi-ing twice or thrice in that
space re.exammed, and the rack only -ffered and shiwn
Unto him, when ti:e masque of hia Roman fortitude did
visibly begin wear and slide off his face ; and he then
did beein to confess part of the truth, and thereafter to
'open the whole manor, as did appear bo the deposiiions
thereupon taken." •
The funicular way in which the gunpowder treason
should have been executed, is us st cocumstanti illy
narrated in the indictment of the principal conspirators.
It state., that fir the more effectual execution of 'heir
treasons, they did traitorously amt st themselves con-
clude and agree to Jig a err a n mine und • r the H •use
it Parliament, and there secretly under the said house
to bestow and place a great qitio,tity of gunpowder;
and OA, according to the sag.: traitorous conclusion
( Winter, Fawkes, Keys, and 'll:iomas. Hates, tor:edits
with 'Catesby, Pierey, and the two Wtights), "aft, r-
...ids secretly, nut without great labour slid diffi-
culty, did dig and make the s id mine unto the m Jo
of the foundation or the wall of the said House sit Pal
liament, the said foundation being 01 the thickness of
three Tanis. With intent therein to place the said pow-
der," &c.
And finding and perceiving the sail work to be of

great difficulty, by reason of the hardness and thickness
of the said wall, and understanding a certain cellar under
the said Haase of Parliament, and adjoining, to a house
of the said Thonias 'Piercy, then to be letten to farm
for a yearly rent, the said Thomis Piercy 'traitor•
ously did hire the cellar aforesaiJ, and *there these
traitors did remove twenty barrels full of gunpowder,
and bestow and place them in the cellar aforesa.d,
under the said House cf Parliarnent.-; and that after.
wards the said false traitors did, traitorously pro-
vide ar.d bring into the tau afore.aid ten °the
barrels full of gunpowder, newly bought, f•arirr
the former gunpowder was become d Inkish, and
the said several quantities of gunpowder, with billet•,
and faggots, secretly and traitorously did cover ; .111
that afterwards the said traitors tra.tosously biouglii
into the teller atoresaid four hogsheads full of gun
powder,und laid divers great iron bars and tones upon
the said seeptswder. That the said tiny Fawkes, for

—omplishment of the said treasons. had trai.
...si . pared ant had upon his person tqueliviooO
J
and ma r therewith traitorously to give tire to the
several barl*s.hogihead _s. And siesarettieS of gempooder.
ot the timrsispoinred for ezecotion of the said horiible
treasons. ill cif which were, by the niescy of Goo in al
Wonderful illsenner. discovered an many hours before
it should have been eircirted.*

THE NEW GOVERNMENT OF GREECE.
FROM THU OCOTSMAU.
We are indented for the following excellent letter to
:he same esteenied Cot respondent Win writ us the View

of the Stateol Greece, which we published in May last.
It supplies much interesting information, of which we
have scarcely seen a trace in the numerous articles pub-
lished by the French Journals,and i!s accuracy rra ay be
relied on in every particular. Our Correspondent's
station in life makes him independent of all parties;
and his abilities, education, and experience, eminently

qualify him to speak with confidence of the state of
lireece and its Government.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SCOTSMAN.
Etuva, Auo. 27, 182$.
Stn—Circum‘tances ar present prevent my entering
into any detailed account of the measures pursued by
the New Goveinmeni of Greece, but I seize an oppor-
tunity of sending you a few observations on some of the
most prominent features of the prisent Administration
of public affairs.
If ever a man undertook the p.m nment of a country
under favourable auspices; that man was the Count
Capo d'lstria. Secured by the Tre.ty of the 6th July,
he was relieved from the fear of a foreign enemy ad-
♦ancing, and able to direct all his attention to estab-
lishing security and order in the territory cf Greece,
which rem3ined free from the enemy. A people ruined
by war and anarchy looked to him alone for safety, and
were ready to obey all•his orders with the blindest en-'

thusiasm. So powerful was this moral influence, that
a mere decree N at suffitient to put an end to piracy and
civil war, to obtain the arrest of many of the pirates, and
to compel the most disorderly at the military Chiefs to
iurrender thrtnitiveath hisjpercy,Aolb the silken, sod.
the pirates Sh,faid their tear of tt►tat moral force which
their oppres.ions had roused in the people; and all those
who look at Modern eery to ►tudy the character of
its iohabitants; instead of deciding on it from previous
impressions, must have found much in this and other
circumstances to interest them.

•
The first political measure of the President was the
abolition of the Legislative Authority, and the vesting ,
of all power, Legislative as well as Executive, in his
own person. He has since appointed a Council, called
the Pauhellion, to assist him, the members of which are
removable at pleasure. S., utterly was. every man is
office and almost every member set the Senate despised,
that all hailed this change as the dawning of justice, and
the nomiaations which the President made increased the
satisfaction of all patriots.
But unfortunately the President had conceived so bad
btgl opinion of all the public men in Greece, that he re.
Lsoleed to carry on all the business himself. Tais deter-
imiriation has even to the present moment been persit-
listed in, and with the intention of aiding the plan, the
country has been divided into provinces, to each of
which a Goveitior Extraordinary (Eulaktos Epigonos) is
I earned, who represents the Government, and whose
power, like that of the President, is universal and an.
bounded. He is responsible to the President alone, and
caries on his official correspotidenee with him alone.
The effect may easily be conjectured; every thing blue
a general system of administration is still wanting, and
the President, by attempting to do too much, does no.
thing. The different Goeei mos establish the most con-
tradictory regulations, and as no depot talents are formed
for receiving either petitions or reports on particular
subjects, the Government is often the last to become,
acquainted with the existence of particular abuse,. 11
shall only mention two esamples
1. Count Via. irr C.po d'lstria (the elder brother of the
President and the tietieral Church of Politics) has by a
decree fixed the rate ofi.:lErest in the Western Sporades
(Hydra, Spezzia, Pooll, and Egina), of which he is
Goectiror Extraordinary, at 10 per cent. per annum;
while at Spa, the great depot of trade, interest is at IS.
and on the Moira, 300 yards from Poros, is is at 25 and
eer cent.
2. When the general Government had given the
authority to put the Island of in free communi.
cation with the other islands, it happened that the Go.,
'minor Extraordinary of Syr a was bevelling ; and as he I
was atl iu All, It was necessary to have his authority
ti:-tote the Eginiote boats could purchase the corn and
oust, and numb here. Nine days elapsed before the
order was ebtained, and the boas were kept in quaran-
tin- during that period, in the hat hour of Syra.
From the Volute of Count Cap° &Istria, we may eon.
elude that the 4ystem is radically bad. li, under as
able, active, and b..nevolent man, oppression results, the
plan ought certainly to be changed. It heftily, we
Ilshould have thought, required the experiment to con•
vice any man in the nineteenth century, that the
inetnod of governnient in civilized Europe—that of
dividing the administration into departments, and
oloptitig a philos phical classification of the correspon-
dence, petitions, and reports—was better adapted to the
government of Greece, than the Turkish method of
,rogiaphical division. kt is certainly better to leave
each n, an responsible for the business of his profession,
than tot the President, in 52.yea1l of age, to commence
tire study at naval and malitary affairs. Indeed, some
of his orders, it published, would afford a strong con.,
firmation of what Jeremy Bentham says. " There are
two points in politics of uncommon difficulty. One i,

•
to persuade Legislators that they do not priderstaad
shoe-making 'better than shoemakers.; the other is to.
persuade shoemakers that they do not understand legis-
lation be:ter than Logislator.. linter (he saes) is
difficult in our own 'dear country, hut. the other is the
most difficult of all things every where" .
• Hitherto the whole attention Of the Preiderit pfr-
sonally has either been devoted t t foreign affairs, in
w!iich Isis voice went for almost nothing, or to details
which produce no result's. No general system f finance
o commercial regulations has been adopted—daunt( r
the adnviiiistration ofjostice—and I am su 6 the naval
and military establishments of the country haat nisi
item in such an utterly inefficient state si •ce the taking
f Tripolitza.
Narica.-1 would sentinel praise 'Akre 1 van do
.0 justly, and here I cats remark this the most cursor.
Binary improvement has taken place in the tenths. or
land tat, end in the produce of the Turkish lands. The
people have been secured against the Ps imam and Ca.
Awls; and the duties have been fairly solds Goma.
'ini-nt and" individuals have been-both equally Owlish
In the fusions% however, the meteer is very ilifelontits
The slutiefon almost ill imparted tenintodities
o 12 per cent. some indeed pay higher. These.ditieesaa
now 'strictly collected wherever the GoverriMesif
to enrolee its authority ; and as no system of isirsdieg
is established, and even duty paid at one pact mu* be
repaid again at another (the transit Of goods firing only
ftee of duty by lands, the coasting boat trade suffers
considerably, and ell commerce will either be driveptio
Maine or Hydra, where the Governinent cannot collect
the full.dutiet 'with' strictness, or else a universal sys-
tem of smuggling, and bribing the Custrins.houpr
cers, will be introduced.
• Juarift.—Hitheito the only Court of Justice in
Greece has been the Court of Admiralty. The Presis
dent has, indeed, since his arrival, sent to Corfu for
an acquaintance—an eminent Corkate.Adeoeate—aed
chargerrhim with the task of compiling a Code of Lays
for Greece. That Mr. Gennatas surpasses all the lawydra
in Greece in knowledge and honesty. I can well believe,
but I can ha dly suppose that any Ccrrfiate, by his owls
unassisted genius, is likely to form a suitable system Of
judicial organization, considering thepresent inaptneis
of the country for free institutions, and the absolute
necessity of sowing the seeds of something-bete?, and
aiding those municipal institutions already ezi.ting,
which are highly valuable. and too much neglected. I.
may, indeed. be doubted whether any individual can. **
execute well the duties of sole Compiler of tire Grecian
Civil Code, Organizer of the Courts of Justice, Rey*
lator of the forms of Procedure, and President of the •
Board of Health and Court of Admiralty. No attempt
has yet been publicly made to collect information on
the customs and usages of the various dissimilar tribes
which form the Republic ; and thus,. in the great in.
stance in which the President has. departed horn his
fondness for commissions, a commission seems abaci.
Intely necessary. In the meantime no measure has been
taken for the administration of justice. Capo
attributing the faulta of a system to.ababirsed of men,

groin to. hiss justice adminisiered, and justice accord.
only sleeps till the Code is ready.
The Court of Admiralty has lately shown some disis
satisfaction, it is said, at Count VIAIIO Capo
revising and wishing to correct their decisions. Viario
had the misfortune in be bred a lawyer, v ithour having
practised in the prefes.ion. A Commission was lately
appointed to revise a decision—we should say in such
a case, to alter a decision of this Court—and as a Secre-
tary t of Speziote Corsair was a member, the Judges
resigned. A new Court, with Mr. Gennatas as Presi-
dent, has been lonised. The two other members are
not lawyers.
MlLlTAar.—Without saying a word of the two inc.-
tire armies under Ypsilanti at Alegara. and Church at
Dragomestte, except that their Commissariats have an.
dergone considerable improvement, I shall advert to.
the state of the regular troops, as being the only' body
of men in Greece permanently at the order of the Go-.
vernrnent. A number of indecisive measures has almost
broken up the crisps. I may illustrate the extent (lithe
neglect by the state of the company we had in garrison
here. It frequently had a difficulty in getting the rations
and subsistence passed regularly • while 100 Ipsarinte
policemen, chiefly pirates, received 4 :collars a month,
'besides rations, and occupied the best houses in Egina
re.nt free, in spite of the President's decree to the con-
trary, which was only partially enforced the first month
.
alter his arrival.
Navy —1; as with grief I speak on this subjezt.Whet•
the Greek navy might have been had Captiin Hastings
lived, those who knew him and saw bis measures to
raise up native officers, can alone conceive. Siocebis
deeply lamented dea'h, tin expedition against Ptevesa
has been entrusted to an adventurer named Bassoon,
who deserted Ali Poch.--a man with whom no Officer
of character could serve, who nsiOt make an able
pirate, but never could be a worthy Offis.er. We shall
see the event of the expedition.

While the subjects I have mentioned indicate a want -
Of general system iu the Government, I regret to•say
that a number of other measures have tended to render
it extremely unpopular.
A Proclamation 114$ been iswed, instructing the po-
lice to demand security flows every toieigiter or Greek •
from those pairs of the Continent and Islands not free,
for good behaviour. I shall Offer no obietsations on
this law, as far as it relates to foreigners; it is copied
from Sir Thomas Nlaitland's lonian Code. and I sop.
pose the foreign Ministers and Consuls will attend to
the matter; but the Greeks consider it as an itStlttaillat
of tyranny, as a means of banishing or silencing any
man from Coostantinvle, or indeed any but a Moreota
and Imularian, and thus puts all the men of *ducation
it the mercy of the Government.

Another measure in which the lonian usage is copied
is in the opening of all letters. This went so tar, that
letters from England addressed to me have been opened;
and I learned a few days ego. that a dispatch from his
Majesty's ship Isis, addressed to Sir E. Codrington, was
opened at Egina or Poing. I presume there will be
further inquiry into that matter at least.
For my own pat I view with much greateteoncern
the innumerable useless regulations whickoperate as
restrictions on the boat trade; a trade wails occupies
at least 30,000 persons. Every regulation which is not
absolutely necessary is always hurtful ; and may whiebio
t This Secretary Is named Vikelaides.—be captured Galloway's
correspondence with his sou. k The lady's td the Old Court were
Lionares, Manua, and Seutso. Almon is in the N►w, with
Grorge Atbsnaeies.

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