The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1839-07-23 00:00:00

RIO DE JAIIEIRO,

NEW BRAZILIA;i'ARIFF.—By the William Price, from
Rio de Janeiro, the editors of the Baltimore Patriot have a
letter from their correspondent of the 15th of May, which
advises us of an important alteration in the tariff of Brazil.
We make the following extract from his letter :
Rio DE JANEIRO, MAY 15, 1839.—We have to notice a
Decree materially altering the duties on some of our princi-
pal articles of import. These alterations are-
-Ist. On Wines and all spirituous liquors, the duties on
which will be raised to 50 per cent, except on such as may be
the production of countries with which Brazil has at present
treaties in force.
2d. The duties on Liquids in general and on Flour, will be
levied on weekly valuation, fixed by commission specially
nominated. These alterations to be enforced from the Ist of
July next, and to continue for the following financial year.
We beg to call your attention particularly to this law, as it
will for the present at least, very materially increase the
duties on Flour, which article at present bears a Custom-
house valuation of only 1211000 per int ; or much below what
it will be undoubtedly valued at in future.
At Rio Grande affairs are rather more favourable for the
Imperial cause, although the change of min stry here has
given a check to active movements in that quarter for the
present.
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The mercantile intelligence from New Ygricr will be
found in another column' • -

LIVERPOOL MIDSUMMER QUARTER SESSIONS.

Yestertlay; the Quarter Sessions of the Peace for this
Borough siomsnenceit at the Court-house, before James
Clarke, E.4.q , Reorder. The calendar was, we regret to
tket
say, unusually betivy. *therepei g ninety-five prisoners for
trial on charges oz'.l.lonyllO ome them of an aggravated
nature; atm twel%e prisoner's oh • rges of misdemeanour.
The following gen !mien wberc born of the grand jury :
George Grant, EL-q., fore nan., Charles Alexander, Esq.,
Thomas Dobbs Butier, 1:: q., Richard Ashton, Esq., James
Bateson, Esq , Edward Bury, Esq., Jonathan Cook, Esq.,
William BuL crield Colton, Esq., John Fox, Esq., Richard
Haynes. Esq., Isaac Hath en, Jun. Esq., John Bore, Esq.,
Josiah Jones, Esq., Join' Auuleyjee, Esq., Francis ordan,
Jun. Esq., Henry Laffer, Esq., Robert Ledson, Esq., Chas.
Lotin,er, 141:q , James Lister, Esq., Thomas M'Gill, Esq.,
Elias Josepn Mozley, Esq , Charles M'Murdo, Esq., Wm.
Oxley, Esq., a d George Robinson, Esq.
The usual proclamation against vice and immorality having
•
been read,

The RECORDER, in addressing the grand jury, said that
from his knowledge of the experience which most of them
had of the business of the court that would fall within their
consideration, he did not deem it requisite to delay them
with any lengthened remarks. He was sorry to say that the
calendar was a heavy one, and that it comprised almost every
description of crime as affecting property. He would parti-
cularly direct their attention to the number of cases of dis-
honesty on the part of confidential servants. This was a
crime of a most serious nature, for a master could seldom
discover to what extent he was robbed. He was blinded by
the confidence reposed in his servant; and the latter might
frequently go on to abstract large quantities of property,
oefore he could be detected. Other crimes were of a less

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insidious character, and were less to be dreaded, because
obvious and tangible. If a man were knocked down openly
in the street and robbed, the apprehension of the offender
was a matter of strong probability : if a house were robbed,
the detection of the parties generally followed. A robbery
by a confidential servant was of a different nature. Hewould
call their attention to tue case of the prisoner No. 47 in the
calendar—Joseph Fallows, who stood charged with having
embezzled various sums from his masters, amounting in all
to an amount little short of £lO3. He had been employed
to collect debts, and had appropriated various sums to his
:wrii use. This man was a person of good mercantile edu-
eat on ; hat the case afforded evident proof that education,
without the inculcation of religious principles, was not only
not beneficial, but that it was rather the contrary, inasmuch
as it afforded greater facilities for the commission of crime.
It was better that the peopleshouldnot be educated at all, than
that they should be educated without religion. There were
two other cases of confidential servants robbing their mas-
ters,—one in tne employment of Mr. Joseph Sanders, and
mother (a female) in the employment of Mr. James Joule.
Fhey woull pay particular attention to these cases, and sa-
tisfy themselves that they were such as should be laid before
a jury ; for if the charges were brought home to the prison-
ers, he would feel its to be his duty to visit them with a severe
punishment. It was of the first consequence that this of-
fence, which *as unhappily on the increase, should be
checked, in order to protect the commercial and general
community. The next case to which he should allude was
that of Mary Ann Roberts and James Riley, the first charged
with having stolen a £5O bank note from a Mr. Hyde ' • the
latter with having received the same, knowing it to have
been stolen. The evidence appeared to be pretty clear on
the face of the informations ; but there was one point to
which he would draw their attention. The female prisoner
had stated to whom the note was given, and where it was.
She said it was given, for a consideration, to the male pri-
soner ; but what she said was not evidence against the other
unless otherwise corroborated. There were, however, other
circumstances that went to show that Riley had received the
note as charged. When asked by the police-officer if he had
received such a note from the woman, he replied, " No, I
never did." If they found, therefore, that after this denial
the note was traced to him, and that he had paid it to ano-
ther party, such would be evidence, against him. He was
sorry to be under the necessity of remaring, that there were
many cases of persons going in the streets, with large sums
Jf money in their pockets, rendering them liable to be
robbed, in situations not unfiequently in which the police
could not protect them. He would not go so far as to say
chat such parties were accessaries before the fact; but he
would say that, by their indiscreet conduct, they invited the
crime of which they complained. If parties became intoxi-
cated, and were in a state of insensibility and helpleSsness,
they could scarcely expect but to be robbed and maltreated.
In several of such cases, and when parties were assaulted in
he street, he was glad to say that the guilty persons had been

ippreliended by private individuals, when the police were

,ot at hand. -Stich conduct could not be too much corn.
nended ; and he might here state, that when any one saw a
elony being committed, or an assault in the street, the law
lot only vested hiir with full power to apprehend, or assist
,o apprehend, the offender, but it became the bounden duty

if every one to do so. If a man were knocked down in the
•treet, it was not necessary to go to a mug strate to procure
t warrant. The magistrate might live some miles distant,
ind before such an authority could be procured from such a
juarter, all that the offender contemplated might be fully
,minmitted, and he himself escape. This was not content-
plated by the law, and Mr. Justice Tyndat and other autho-
:ides had laid it distinctly down, that, in a breach of the
deuce, every man was not only authorised to quell it to the
itmost of his power, without a warrant, but that it was his
_my to do so. 11e was glad to Le enabled to remark, that
he town of Liverpool was so well protected by a well-0r,,,,a-
-hsed police, that there was seldom occasion for the interfe-
mice of private individuals ; and he hoped the inhabitants

souk' lo,ig continue to en) iy that advantage.
We observed present the 101 l )wiltg gentlemen of the bar :
Vit.. Wilkinson, Mr. Etlice, Mr. Murphy, Mr Ramshay,
vlr. Dewling, Mr. Lawrence, Mr. Venal)les, Mr. Raincock,
Ar. Cottinguani, Mr. Carr, Mr. Preston, and Mr. Hen-
.erson. _ _ _

The grand jury having returned several true bills, the trial
oroceeded:—

ROBBERY FROM THE PERSON.

Edward Arm.s.trong, aged 18, was placed at the bar,
,;harged with having, On the 12th June last, in company with
jertam persons, to the jury unknown, assaulted Neil Turley,
and stolen from hi. person a £2O hink note, a £5 note, and
.velity-two pounds ten shillings in gold. The prisoner
~leaued not guilty.

- - .
Mr. MURPHY conducted the prosecution, and Mr. VEN-
kIiLES the defence:
Neil Turley stated that his residence was near Newry, in
Ireland. He was a dealer in horses. On the 12th of June
,ie left Middlewich to come to Liverpool. He had sold all
nis cattle, and had about his person a £2O note, and about
t:22 in sovereigns. He put the sovereigns in a checked
purse. The purse had two divisions, and he placed the gold
in one division and the notes in the other, and placed them
in his breast pocket, inside his waistcoat. He arrived at
Dale-stteet a little before 11 o'clock at night, with a calf
which-he had purchased. He was on his way to the vessel,
which was to sail at 11 o'clock, when the prisoner, accom-
panied by a man and a lad, came up. They questioned him
is to his purposes, and he informed them that he was going
to the vessel with his calf. They told him that if he would
treat them, they would assist him to drive his calf. He
Assented, and they accompanied him a short distance. Pre-
sently they stood a little behini, and he pressed on. He
sad got but a short distance when they rushed upon him,
the prisoner foremost. They knocked him down, and the
prisoner (he believed) jerked open his vest, and pulled out
its purse. He heard tne sovereigns 'rattle on the ground.
t-1 (witness) called out murder and robbery, upon which the
prisoner said, " You b— rogue, I'll stop your shouting !"
Upon this he kicked him several times in the mouth. Wit-
ness held him by the leg ; but at length he broke away, and
ran down the street. He was stopped by two individuals
before he got out of sight. . . . .

Mr. Vii4ABLES cro;s-examined the witness minutely as to
the property he had brought from Newry, and as to his move-
ments after he arrived in England ; but nothing particular
was elicited.
Arthur Trumshaw said that he resided in Dalton-street:"
On the night of the 12th June, he heard a cry of murder and
robbery in that street. He went to his front door and saw
the last witness on the ground. He had hold of the prisoner
by the leg. Witness went towards them, and the prisoner
broke from Turley wlikn he was within about five yards of
them. 'Witness ran after the prisoner, and did not lose sight
of him till be overtook him and seized him, after a chase of
about 100 yards. The prisoner was stopped by another per-
son. The mouth of the prosecutor was bleeding. A police-
officer came up, and the prisoner was delivered into his
custody.
John Chesworth, police-officer, stated, that he was on duty
on the east side of the Prince's Dock on the 12th June lust.

He heard cries of murder and robbery, and saw several peo-
ple running, and saw the prisoner seized by the leg by the
last witness. He was searched, but nothing was found upon
him.

Mr. VENABLES addressed the jury for the defence. He
admitted that the prosecutor might have all the money which
he had stated, and that he had been robbed by some person ;
but submitted that the proof of identity was not sufficient.

The jury found the prisoner guilty.
The RECORDER said that there could be no doubt but the
verdict was a proper one, and in passing sentence it became
necessary to look at the past conduct of the prisoner. That
conduct was exceedingly bad : he had been in and out of goal
for some years, for a series of offences of a very aggravated
nature, and he could not be allowed to be at large longer
in this country. The sentence of the court was that he
should be transported for fifteen years.
ROBBERY IN THE STREET.

Thomas Dawson, 29, and Thomas Hunt. 28, were indicted
for stealing a half-crown, a sixpence, and four half-pence,
the property of James Smith, from his person.
James Smith said, I had had some drink in Fazakerly-
street, and was going home on the night of the 30th ultimo.
I went into Dean-street, Ranelagh-street. I there saw
Oawson standing. He asked me where I was going. I said
1 was going home, and he joined ne. When going along he
struck me over the mouth and knocked me down. He put
nis hand in my lett-hand trowser's pocket.' I had in it 2s. 6d.,
id., and sonic coppers. I had seen the money a short time
nefore. My wile came up, and the prisoner ran. I then saw
the prisoner Hunt. They ran towards St. John's Market.
1 called " Police—Stop thief!" I and my wife ran after them.
When I got to the end of Dean-street and Elliot-street, 1
round the prisonersin custody. 1 found a penny at the place
where I was knocked down.
Mr. VENABLES cross-questioned the witness, but elicited
flowing of importance.
Ann Smitu, the crifeof last witness, wentinto Dean-street,
and saw her husband down, and the prisoners were leaning
over him. She saw Hunt pull his hand from her husband's
pocket. She called out for the police, and the prisoners ran
off'. When htr husband got up his waistcoat was open.
Robert Campbell,. Inspector of Porice, was on duty that
night in Elliot-street, and heard a cry. At the end of Dean-
street wet Hunt running and apprehended him Tne prose-
cutor came up, and charged both wit!' robbing him. On
searching Daimon he (witness) found Is. and some copper.
On Hunt he found 2s. and some copper. At the spot where
the scuffle
.took place he found 6d., and 24d. in copper.
The jury consulted together for some time, and returned
a verdict of guilty 'of the assault only against both prisoners.
Mr. VENABLES said that this amounted to an acquittal.
Mr. MURPHY begged to correct his learned friend, and
called time attention of the Recorder to a clause in the Act of
Ist of 'Victoria, to the effect that in case of a prisoner lay in-
dicted for any of the offences named in that ac;, or for any
felony whatever, if tile offence included an assault, and the
evidence proved that an assault had been committed, the jury
had the power to acquit the prisoner of the major offence,
and find him guilty of the assault, for which the court might
sentence him to be imprisoned for any term not exceeding
three sears.
Tne RECORDER said that the sentence of the court was,
that they should each be imprisoned to hard labour for 12
c dand ir months.
ROBBERY OF BRASS FROM THE GRAND JUNCTION RAILWAY.
John Inman, 35, stood charged with having st3len forty-
five pounds weight of brass, and forty pounds weight of
copper, the property of the Grand Junction Railway.
, Mr. Henderson conducted the prosecution, Mr. Murphy, the
defence.
John Fenton said he was a boiler-maker, and worked under
Mr. Melling, of the works of the Grand Junction Railway, at
Edge-hill. he nau seen the pri.oner working there, working
as a tizter-up of eng.nes. On Friday week, witness marked
sonic small pins or copper, ratted stays. He was afterwards
in the fire-box about two ards from the copper. He went
there to watch. About a quarter before eight, he saw the
prisoner take some of the codper stays. Five of them were
gone. Next 'running other stays were missed. He watched
again, and saw the prisoner on Saturday week, about one
o'clock, came and take some more of the copper.
Coss- exarnined.—M r. Melting tol4 the prisoner to go
a"mat his n.,siness on the Saturday. Witness informed Mr.
Melling, of the property taken, Mr. Melling said, if he did
not speak th trate, he would send for a policeman.
t.400r0 lAyon, a .bpiler-maker, was also welching the
•

prisoner in a fire-box, and on Saturday week saw the prisoner
take some copper stays.
Mr. Melling said he was superintendent at the works. The
copper was his.
Cross-examined.—The stays or reoves had been in use.
He told the prisoner to get off the premises.

John Edwards, a pOl.ce-officer.—Was on duty in St.
James's-street, on the 13th July, and went in to a marine
store shop, and saw the copper. The prisoner was then
selling it. He asked the prisoner who he was, and where he
had got the copper. He said he belonged to the Athlone
steamer, and had brought the copper from Belfast.
Cross-questioned.—He said he was not then in the service
of the Railway Company, but had been.
Henry Crankshaw, nephew of Crankshaw, who kept
the marine store, said the prisoner came with the copper,
and he questioned him about it. He said his name was
James Scott, and that he had brought it from Dublin. He
(witness) paid him 18s Ild for one lot of it. He came again
in the evening with some copper in a basket. Witness ased
him about it, and he said his wife had brought it.
Fenton (the witness from the works) identified the pieces
of copper.
Mr. MURPHY addressed the jury in behalf of the prisoner.

The jury found the prisoner guilty.
Mr. MURPHY said that the prisoner had hitherto borne,
he believed, a good character, but as his witnesses were not
present, he hoped the recorder would postpone passing sen-
tence until they were heard.
TheRECORDER agreed to defer passing sentence accordingly
until the following (this) morning.