Star.
London, England, 1826-04-17 00:00:00

~.

THE UNtlilD STATES ANI) THE CONGRESS
4 OF rll4l A'M A.
An arrival from Philadelphia has brought us an im-
portant state document—the message of the President
of the United States to Congress, on the subject of the
mission to Panama, which was laid hefo:e that assembly
on the 15th ult. at Washington. The appointment of,
commissioners to attend-the South American Ccngtess
has led to much discussion in the Legislature of the
United Scam, which was conducted with closed doors.;
but it now appears, that the expediency ofalie mission
has been determinrd in the Senateiby a majority of 24
to 19 only. The Cominissione'rs nomina ed are R. C.
Anderson, of Kentucky, and John Sarjeent, of Pennsyl-
vania. W. R. Rochester, of New York, is appointed.
Secretary to elle mission.
, The Psesident's message dwells much on events
already known, reca.,:itulating, in fact, all that the.
Union has already done to assist the New States in the'
establishment. ot their independence, and to give them
character and consequence in the eyes of the rest of the
World. The mote immediate interest of the Message
commences' with the following extract, from 'which it
will appear that one of the great principles it is pro-
posed to establish at the General Assembly of American
Siam, is the absolute exclusion of any European Power
from colonization in any portion of that hemisphere._.
Mr. Adams thus states his view of that question:—" The
late President of the United States, in his message to
Coq.ress, on the 2d of December, 1823, while an.
bouncing. the negotiation then pending with Russia,
relating to the north-west coast of this Continent, ob-
served, that the occasion of the discussions to which
that incident had given rise, had been taken 6 for as-
serting as a principle, in which the rights and interests
of the United States were involved, char the American
Continents, by the free and independent condition which
they had assumed and maintained, were thenceforward
new to he consideted as subj. cts for future colonization
by any Eutopean Power. The principle had at first
been assumed in that negotiation with Russia. It rested
upon a course of reasoning equally simple and con-
clusive. With the exception of the existing 'European
colonies, which it was in no wise intended to disturb,
Ole two ' continents consisted of several sovereign
and independent nations, whose territories covered
tf.eir whole surface. By this, their independent
condition, the United S aces enjoyed the right of
commercial intercourse se hit every part of their pos-
sessions. To attempt the establishment of a colony
in those possessions, would be to usurp, to the exclusion
of 9 her!, a commercial intercourse which was the coma'
Kann possession of all. It could not be done without
encroaching upon existing rights of the. United States.
The Government of Russia has never disputed these
positions, nor manifested the slightest dissatisfaction at
their, having been taken. Most of the new American
Republics-have declared their entire assent to them, and
they now propose, among the subjects of consultation
at Panama, to take into consideration the means of
making effectual the assertion of that principle, as well
as the means of resisting interference from abroad with
the domestic concerns of the American Governments.
kis oluditig to these means, it would be obviously pre-
mature, at this time, to anticipate that which is offer.
ed merely as a matter for consultation ; or to pro-
nounce upon those measures which have been or may
be suggested,, ,The. purpose of this Government is to
concur in none which would import hostility to En-
roi e, or justly excite resentment in any of her States.
Should it be deemed advisable to contract any con-
vectioual engagement on this topic, our views would
extend no fprther than to a mutual pledge of the parties
to the .compacrald maintain the principle in application
to itso e n ten itoiy; ind to permit no colonial lodgments
or eatablislitnents of European jurisdiction upon its own
soil : and with respect to the obtrusive interfer once from
abroad, if its future character may be inferred from that
which has been, and perhaps still is, exercised in more
dr in one of the new States, a joint declaration of its
character, and exposure of it to the world, may be
probably all that the occasion would require. Whether
the United States should or should not be parties to such
a declaration, may justly form a part of the deliberation.
That there is an **it to be remedied, n Ards little insight
into the secret history of late years to know ; and that
ems r medy may best be concerted at the Panama meet-
ing. deserves at least the experiment of consideration."
The next point to which, according to the President,
the attention of the Panama Congress is likely to be
directed, is the abolition of the African Slave Trade
thre ughout the whole of the American Continent. It
ought to be mentioned.-to the honour of Colombia, that
the proposition for discussion there of a measure so
congenial with the best interests of the human race has
originated with that republic. The President's re-
marks on the condition of Hayti, as well as on the
tenure
,prospects of Cuba and Porto Rico, possess great
political interest. Ile observes-44 Whether the politi-
cal condition of the island of Hayti shall be brought at
att ineo discussion at the meeting, may be a question
for frehreinary advisement. There are in the political
consiimisoo e#, gestesnmetit of that people, circurn-
vanes* which bane irdierto forbidden the acknowledg-
resent of them by the Government of the United
States as sovereign and independeor. Additional
reasons for withhalding that ack.lows ledgment have
recently been seen in their acceptance of a nond-
nal sovereignty by the grant of a Foreign Prince,
under conditions equivalent to the ciincessino by them
of exclusive commercial advantages to one n ition, and
adapted altogether to the state of colonial vassalage,
and retaining little of independence but the name. Our
pl, nipotent la. ie, will be insti ucted to present these vie as
(4 the Assembly at Panama ; and should they not bell
concurred in, to decline acceding to any arrangement
which may be proposed on different principles. The
condition of the islands of Cuba arid Potto Reno is of
deeper import, and more immediate be ring upon the
yr. sent interests and future prospects of our uuiun. The
col resprindel.ce he:es* ith transmitted will thew how
earnestly it has engaged the atten ion of this Govern.
men.. The invasion of both those islands by the united
forces of Mexico and Columbia, is avowedly among the
tihjtcts to be matured by tht belligerent states at Pa-
name. The convulsions to which, trum the peculiar
compositiln ut their population, they w uuld be liable,
in the event of such all invasion, and the danger there.
from les'llone...t their falling ultima.ely into lie hands
of sone Erropea;s power, other. than Siain, will not
admit of our Waking at the consequences to a hich the
Congl of Panama may h-ad emir insliffeience. •It is
unnecessary to enlaige upon this topic, or to say more
than that all our el/ ots in ielerence to this intettit,
wilt be to preserve the existing state of things, the Iran-
4billitY of the islands, and ahe peace and secatity
thdir inhabitants."

' The difficulties which have been encountered in en-
deavouring to establish the principles of religious
thlera'ion in the new States, p‘nd the proof how deep
root the bigntrrand superstition of the mother country
have taken there, -will be found in the foßOwing passage
—" And lastly, the Congress of Pattama is believed to
prerent a fair occasion for urging upon all the new
nations of the South the just and liberal principles of
religious liberty, not by any interference whatever in
their internal concerns,'but br claiming for our citizens,
whose occupations or interests may call them to occa-
sional
residence in their territories, the inestimable pri-
vilege of worshipping their Cazaron according to the
dictates of their own consciences. This privilege,
sanctioned by the customary law of nations, and seemed
by treaty stipulations in numerous national compacts—
secured even to our own citizens in the treaties with
Colombia,. and with the federation of Central America,
is yfl robe obtained in the other South American States,
and Mexico : existing prejudices are still struggling
against it, which may, perhaps, be more successfully
combatted at this general meeting, than at the separate
seats of Government of each Republic."
Of the general character and objects. of the Panama
Congress, the President says :—•• Icatescarcely deem it
otherwise than soperfluous to observe, that the assembly
will be, in its nature, diplom.tic, and not legislative ;
that nothing can be transacted there, obligatory upon
any one of the States to be repre.ented at the meeting,
unless with the express concurrence of its own represend
tatives, nor even then, but subject to the ratification of its
constitutional authority at home. The faith of the
United States to foreign Powers cannot otherwise be
pledged. I shall, indeed, in the first place, consider
the assembly as merely consultative ; and although the
Plenipotentiaries of the United States will be empowered

.o receive and refer to the consideration of their Govern-
ment any proposition frum the other parties to the
meeting, they will be atirhorized to conclude nothing
unless subject to the defihitive sanction of this Govern
ment in all its constitutional forms. It has, there.
fore, seemed to me unnecessary to insist that every
'object to be discussed at the meeting should be specified
*Rich the precision of a judicial sentence, or enumerated
with the exactness of a mathematical demonstration...:—
The purpose of the meeting itself is to deliberate upon the
great and common interests of several new and neigh-
bowing nations. If the measure is new, and without
precedent, so is the situation of the parties to it. That
the purposes of the meeting are somewhat indefinite, far
from being an objection to ir, is among the cogent
reasons fur its adoption. It is not the establishment of
principles of intercourse with one, but with seven or
eight nations at once. That, before they have had the
means of exchanging ideas, and of communicating with
one another in common upon these top;cs, they should
have indefinitely settled and arranged them in concert,
is to require that the effect should precede the cause.
It is to exact, as a preliminary tss the meeting, that for
the accomplishment of which the meeting is designed.*
A long argumentative passage succeeds, in which
Mr. Adams considers bow far the consenting to send
Envoys to the Panama Congress may be considered a
deviation from the established policy of -the United
States, enjoined by Washington in his farewell address,
of avoiding "all entangling alliances, and all unman.
sary foreign connexions. We may °Mit the whole of
this as possessing little interest on this side of the At-
lantic. The Message concludes as follows:
"That the Congress at Panama will accomplish all, or eves igy
of the transcendent benefits to the human race, which warmed the
conceptions of its first proposer, it were, perhaps, indulging too
sanguine a forecast of events to promise. It is, in its nature, a
measure speculative and experimental. The blessings of Heaven

may turn it to the account of human improvement. Accidents
unforeseen, and mischances not to be anticipated, may bane all its
high purpose% and disappoint its fairest expectations. But the de.
sign is great, is benevolent, is humane. It looks to the melioration
of the condition of man. It is congenial with that spirit which
prompted our declaration of independence—which inspired the
preample to our first treaty with France—which dictated our first
treaty with Prussia, and the instructions under which it was nego-
elated, which filled the hearts, and fired the souls of the immortal
founders of our revolution. With this unrestricted exposition of
the motives by which I have been governed in this transaction, as
well as of the objects to be discussed, and of the ends, if possible, to
be attained by our representation it the proposed Congress, I sub.
mit the propriety of an appropriation to the candid consideration
and enlightened patriotism of the legislature."
The appropriation of funds tor carrying into effect
the appointment of Envoys to PAnama was next sub-

mitred to the Congress at Washington, and referred to
A Committee of Ways and Means. Of the message
and documents accompanying it, the Philadelphia Paper
states, that the extraor.2.inary number of 10,000 copies
was ordered to be printed.

THE EVENING STAR.

LONDON.

MONDAY, APRIL 17,1926.
STOCK EXCHANGE, TWELVE O'CLOCK.

CAmsols opened this morning at 79j for the Account, and are-
now 79j to j, with little or nothing doing in the Market. It is sop
posed that no great operations will take place until after the result
of the Funding is made public. New Scrip #to 1 nominal prem.
In the Foreign Market little or nothing is doing.
Current Prices t Old Spanish 6 e, Maxi Can SD 60, Colombian
36 39, lidisian 751 761, Peruvian 24 26, Chilian 39 40, Greek
14 to 15.

FZ: !CR OF STOCKS AT TWO O'CLOCK.
Bank Stock 202
3 per Cent. Iced. ex die. 7814 %
3 per Cent. Cons. 791.4 IA 791
5 per Cent. 'led. ex div. 8514 84%
4 per Cent. 951/4 9414 95
Ling Ann. ex die. 191/2 19
India Stock 229
India Bond,. 6
.1,000 Exclleq. 11;11, 7 9 6 8
(.100 and 1100 ditto 8 7
£5OO ditto 9 7
C nis. tor Acct. 791/4 14 791/4
FltENCli FUNI/DS, PA AU, Atm 14.
Five pier cons. . 96f. 35e.
Three per Cl:3ltf. • • • 641. 75c.
Bank Stock 110101.
Brut s de Naples . . 731. 30e.
Itny al Spanish I.oan . 43if.
Lachange on London, One Month 25t. 30e.
Three Ditto El. Me.

This day having been appointed to receive offers
•for a subscription t,f Exchequer Bills at the Bank
of England, the doors were scarcely opened, when
the place Was crowded with persons delivering
sealed letters, anxious to secure a time ; one o'clock
was fixed as the latest hour at which applications
-could be received, and up to that time letters coA•
tinned to pour in. Ihe doors were then closed,

and Mr. HAM the Ca.hier, announced to the pub-
lic, that the letters were so Somerous, that it was
not possible to declare the amount subscribed,for some
time : indeed it was thought they would occupy the
Bank the whole night, and that the result would not be
made known until to-morrow. There is no doubt,
therefore, that the whole amount of eight millions has
been subscribed. Should the amount offered to be
subscribed exceed eight millions, then such proportions
of the sum tendered as the sum of eight millions may
bear to the whole sum offered to be subscribed will be
allowed to each applicant.

It is reported that the applications are to the amount of m

than thirteen millions.

Just as our Paper was going to Press, we received
the Eloi'e of yesterday by express. It does not contain
Any additional intelligence from Greece, of a decisive
character, but still expresses a hope that Missolonghi
may still hold out until it receives succour.
The L•toile contains accounts from Pon an Prince to
the 10th of March. The 150 millions indemnity to
France has been recognised as national debt, by the
President, the Senate, and Deputies, -and means taken
to liquidate it, and to pay the instalments. Some ob-
jections had been made to the Commercial Treaty made
in Paris with the Haytian Deputies, and, it would un-
dergo revision.
The King of PRUSSIA has sent to Baron STIFIII, the
Physician to the Emperor of Ausrnia, the decoration

of the Red Eagle of the second class, accompanied by a
complimentary autograph Wier, on his services during
the late indisposition of his Imperial MAJESTY.

A Leeward Island mail arrived at Glasgow on
Thursday evening. The former with Trinidad and
Barbadoes Papers to the Ist of March. Some alarm
had been occasioneJ at Batbadoes from a quantity of
powder having been stolen from a powder magazine,
and from the tact of several flies having occurred in
different pl••ces in the island. The Barbadian, alluding
to the subject, says, " We are not disposed to incur the
charge of being alarmists ; but, we c..rtainly think, con-
necttd as this matter may be with the fact of several
fires having lately been discovered, Which, happily,
were speedily extinguished, that a more than ordinary
degree of vigilance should be exerted in Bridge Town
during the night ; and we should advise that everyman
in authority be at his post, ready at a moment's warn-
ing•to do his duty." The weather in the islands con-
tinued wet and boisteroul. The Letters •by this mail
come down to the 10th Match, from St. Thomas, and
from other Islands to corresponding dates. The com-
mercial accounts are not ♦ety cheering. Bills are not
to be had in Colombia, and though money is to be had,
it cannot be brought away from the country.

The Brussels Papers received this forenoon contain
a curious article 44 On the Supremacy of the Court of
Rome, and Arguments tending to justify it." It is said
to be the subject of general conversation at Rome. Some
persons pretend that it is a copy of a circular formerly
sent to the members of 64 a great Association," meaning,
we presume, the Holy Alliance ; the ethers, that it has
served as the text of a Kull ; othets believe that it is
apocryphal. To us, it seems to be either a hoar, or .a
document issued to feel the pulse of public opinion, and
whioh may be avowed or disavowed at pleasure. The
following is the Paper to which we have alluded :

SUPREMACY OF THE COURT OF ROME. AND
ARGUMENTS TENDING TO JUSTIFY IT..

" It is complained that the social body is in a state of langour and
uneasiness,—that it is being disorganized.—that evils of all kinds
oppress at the same time individuals, families, towns, and states.

" Can it be otherwise when every thing is confusion and disorder
when those who scarcely know how to obey insist upon command-
ing ; when individuals are misplaced, powers confounded, principles
disregarded ?

" The Cburch and its Ministers have on earth a legitimate autho-
rity, a pre-eminence above all powers, which It would be in vain to
dispute. They emanate from the nature of things from the DIVINITY
itself. The atheist alone overlooks these great truths.

" If we admit the existence of Goa we must also believe in the
immortality of the soul and a future life.
" Oar passage through this world is nothing; oar whole existence
is in futurity, and all our futurity in eternal life.
" Our short and frail existence Is, therefore, only a preparation
fur another life. •
Is there a mom elevated, a more important function than
that of priest, who is commissioned to purify and fortify our souls,
to sanctify man, and to render him worthy to appear before his Goo?
" But in the midst of these sublime functions should narrow
points be prescribed him ? Forced to limit his mission to the teach-
ing of dogmas, to the observance of the rites, shall he remain a
stranger to all the rest 1 And shall the shepherd abandon his Bock
Mn the midst of precipices?

." GIII being invisible on earth cannot manifest biolself to Man
except by his Church. His image is thr altar, and the ministers of
the altar are his representatives on earth.

" But why should they represent Goo, if they cannot cause his
consmasids to be observed? Why are they the ministers of his wor-
ship, it they cannot cause it to be respected ? How should they be
the mediators between the creature and the Causes if they have
no influence, no authority ? Lastly, if their divine mission is ac-
knowledged it cannot be desired to•render it ineffectual and useless.
" It follows, front these principles, that those ministers of religion
cannot be subject to human laws, except so far as they have been
sanctioned by the Church.
44 In (act, civil laws, made fur the amelioration of the human
species, cannot attain that object except by being made to hernia
mice with the divine kw. Now what magistrate, if it is net the
ecclesiastical authority, would be competent to appreciate this
agreement?
" The meanest stall in the Temple of the Loan is above all
Thrones, and the suptemicy of the Princes of t►e Church over the
Princes of the Earth is founded on Divine right, and must be con-
sidered as the basis of social order. •

" To contest this principle, 4 I. seek to place the weak and
uncertain wiU of Sin above the immortal and infinite power.of
(jou; it is disregarding the Divioity itself."

Notwithstanding the confidence with which the fall
of Missulonghi has been awned, th:re is now no doubt
that whatever may be the ultimate, or even present
state of that heroic city, tilt; report of its fall nearly
a fortnight ago was, as we stated, nut entitled to credit.,

Even the French Journals which related, on what au.
thority we know not, circumstantial details of the event,
have some migivings on the subject. The Journal des
'Debnls, in an article from Ancona of the Sd of April,
states, that it was on Ports, a place situated to the
eastward of Anatolie°, the attack was made which led
to.tbehelief that Mistolonghi had been captured. It
is added, that 150 Greeks were entrenched in Fords, all
of whom, with some priests, were put to death.—
This intelligence from Ancona is the latest that has
been received.
The last official communications which have been
received bring dbwn the events of the siege of• Misso.
longhi to the evening of the 20th (the day on which the
Turks are stated to have carried the place by assaultj,
and report that a very heavy cannonade was heard on
that day, but that nothing was known of the result: it
is probable, that it may have been followed by a general
assault on the part of the Turks, which may have ended
more fatally than others have done; yet it is probable
that' it also may have failed. The Journal des Debuts
'contains an article from &me, dated the 25th of March,
which states that IBRAHIM PACHA, after having kept
up a brisk fire upon Missolonghi till the 19th, prepared
to make a general attack, when the Greeks, having
learned his design, determined to anticipate it by making
a sortie, in which the Egyptians were put to flight,
leaving 500 men dead on the spot, and a great number
wounded, and that the Christians afterwards re•eutered
the town in triumph, with several Officers of the Ara-
bian army as prisoners. General Gouttas is said to
have arrived in the environs of Missolonghi with 7,000
men, and encamped at three leagues from the army of
IBRAHIM PACHA, and that Colonel FABVIBR is also ap-
proaching with 3,000 well•organized and well-aliscip-
lined soldiers, determined to attack lattanim.

Such are the statements in the French Journals; and
the G.rman Papers last received are of the same tenor_
One of them contains an article from Trie.te, stating.
on the authority of letters from Zante to the 23d of
March, that "IBRAHIM YACHA, aftta the surrender of
Anatolie° on the 19th of March, had made ;towhee at.
tempt to take Missolonghi by storm, which was, how.
ever, repulsed with the same bravery as all the pre-
ceding attacks."

These Papers also state, that GOUnAS and FAIVIER
were marching to the relief of Missolonghi. The accounts
from other parts of Greece are favourable. COLLETT',
a. Member of the Executive Government, is stated to be
marching towards Patras at the head of 8000 Pelo-
ponessllles ; we presume, however, that if he had such a

film it could net be better employed than in making
the Turks and Egyptians raise the siege of M6solonghi.
CoNnurirorrzs is said to-have roused the Mainotes, and
to be traversing Messenia with a large body of them,
and COLOCOMONI is represented as besiegingTripollua.
In addition to this intelligence, on the latter part of
which we do not place much reliance, the A'elizie del id-
erno of Rome contains the following further put ic Wars :

PREVISA. MARCY 9.
The Turkish Commanders Isere have sent away a
great number of families, in order to be able to lodge
7,000 Ottoman soldiers, wounded in the late attack

made by Ibrahim upon Missolonghi. This Journal
adds, that it is confirmed from all quarters, that Maulis

has taken a convoy of 25 richly-laden Egyptian ships,
sent by the Pacha of Egypt to Constantinople.
A report is current that the Greeks, by a very bold
coup de main, have made themselves masters of beveu
m igazines, filled with provisions and ammunition, in

Thessaly and Olympus. The same Journal. on the

authority of a letter from Zante of 22J Feb. states. that

a vessel, dispatched by the Greek Commute at Paris,
bad landed in that island a Deputy from that Commit-
tee, 18 officers, 5,000 muskets, and 5,000 uniforms, and

that these officers affirmed that the Philhellene: at Phi-

ladelphia would send to the aid of the Greeks seven

ships of war, two of which are steam vessels.

The most considerable inhabitants of the Morea are
now at Argo; to consider on means of saving the counts y.

•
WINDSOR, Aran. 16.—Divine Service %vac this morn-
ing performed at the private Chapel by the Rev. Dr. Somme before
the Royal Household. His MAJUTT waz not present. This after-
noon his bleresyv took his usual airing in the Greit Park, for two
hears, occompapied-by the Lout Seswa sw, in his pony phaeton.

The Ch.uer, Commissioners' Report asserts (p. 9)
that " it may happen, and often does happen, that a Chancery wit
will beneficially endure for more tbanknaf et many I '
The several candidates for Worcester, Lord Dvevissa, Cahoot
Davies, and Mr. Robinson, have concluded theft gpiggiid,tbat
city, and theresult is, all are confident of succenert,
Two candidates have already started for tha. kion of
Rozburghshire, vie. Sir W. P. Elliot of Stobbs atsd *lb, Bart. and
Sir John J. S. Douglas, of Springwood Park, But. • e•
Mr. Bell has purchased his short return for Northumberland meat
dearly. He has paid more than 500001. for a seat•for a taw mostha
M. Biddulph, Esq. of Chirk Castle, and. F. R. West, F-sq.
are candidates for the representation of the Dembighsalre Boroughs
at the approaching election.
Sir G. Bamfylde has declined stanfiing for Rioter, with an inti-
mation which spoke volumes—that the dear-hougla knew had
formerly c ist his father above 60,0001. It is feared that some jade-
ite/4M Borough will want candidates, I. coasequence of the present
scarcity of the circulating medium.
it is currently reported is the City, that the contrast
for the Guatemala loan, the last entered into for any
of the new trans-Atlantic States, is to be abandoned, or
that its completion will be deferred till a more favour-
able period in monied operations shall 'arrive.
A letter has been received from Berlin, which states,
that the Russian skinmtuns on the long-disputed ques-
tion relative to the Northern Provinca of Turkey, has
been sent to Constantinople. The Emperor NlcssoLAs
is said to have communicated copies of the nitimatum
to the Duke of Wau.ladvost, and Hi an the foreign
Envoys at the Court of St. Petersburgh. If within a
fired period the terms of the Treaty are not fulfilled by
tie appointment of hospodars, &c. it iii
.said to be the
declared intention of NICHOLAS to march a division of
his army to the frontiers of Turkey ; and, in the event of
a further delay in the face of this ho-4ite dcmpnstration,
he will cause possession to Is taken,n(Waidchia and
Moldavia, and place the government of them on the
16footiag prescribed by the truly with the Turks.—Tileee.