Star.
London, England, 1828-12-20 00:00:00

BRAZIL

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Letters from Rio Janeiro, to September 26, have
been received at New York, from which the following
is abridged :
Business, generally, is very dull; prices are looking
clown, and the mu ket overstocked with imports; nor
do we look I.rward to a much more fivourable state of
things for sume monthi, owing to the stoppage of the
slave trade, the state of the 'Currency, and heavy losses,
sustairted for two years past. We are anxious for ad-
vices from the La l'hua, whence there has been no
intelligence for seventy daye.'
About 1,500 eases of new Campos sugars have
arrived, and been sold at quotation (34 00). Coffee of
prime quality very scarce; coffee is plenty, and find
sales as quoted. The quality of the crop is inferior,
owing to the unusual dryness of the season. Hides are
without demand. We have rarely had less encourage-
ment to offer than at this moment. -

Government have determined to place imports from
all nations on the same footing as respects duties, say
15 per cent. on the tariff valuations. We feel bound
to discourage sending vessels here for sale; only those
drawing nine to ten feet water, laden, are at all likely
to be put off.
A letter of October 2, says—" The prospect for a
freigl►t to Buenos Apes is a good one. &sole Entlish
vessel: have already_been chartered here to take cargoes
from Buenos Ayres to Europe, at 84 per ton—vessels
taking the risk of peace being proclaimed." The stock
of flour on hand is about 13,000 barrels.
This information, of the equalization of dudes, it
`torrsct, is highly important to the commerce of ttfis
country. Hert t •tore the importation from the United
Sates into Brazil have been charged with a duty of 24
per cent. while those of France and England have been
admitted at only-15. •

object. is-attained.
' 12. The troops of the province of Monte Video, and
.thohe of tie Republic of tie trinted Provinces, shall
*vacua, the licazi.ian territ.4 !ti the precise tam of
two months from the date of the exchange of the mt.&
cation of the ptekent Convention, the latter passing to
the left bank of the R'ver oveahe Uruguay, with
the exception of a force of 1 50Q men or mote, which
The Government of the .efiretaid Republic, it it deem
it, may maintain in any part of the territory of the
province of Monte Video, until the troops of his Ma.
jesty the Emperor of Brazil completely evacuatt the
city of Monte Video.
13. The troops 'of his Majesty the Emperor of Btazl

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Panic SZVENlalltitelr. it
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BRAZIL AND BUENOS AYRES.
1 ;
PRELIMINARY 11--VEATY OF PEACE 1
BTREEN THE REPUBLIC OW THE UNITED PROIFINCES OW I
THE RIVER PLATE ADD THE Iceman Or BRAZIL. 1
In the name of the most holy and tootilyided Triofty.
..
The Government of the Republic of the UniteJ Pre- . I
'ince: of the River Plate, and his-Majesty the Emperor
i Br aril, desiring to pot an end to the' way, and *sorb. 1
ish, upon solid and durable principles, the gond antlet•
tanding, harmony,. and (ri..ndship which should exist
is twein neighbouring nations, called by their iioersots
c live united by the ties r f perpetual alliance, hpve
'greed. through Vie mediation of his Briramlic Ma-
esty, on a Preliminary Treaity of Peace. which shall
tree as a basis to the Definitive Toni y of the same,
which is to be ee'ebrated bet %ern the high contracting
sorties; and (or this prApt•se they have oppttin•ed their
Plenipotentiaries; to wit—Toe Government i f the Re-
i
poblic of the United Piovii ces, General Din Joan
Ramon Balcarce, and Don Tomas Guido—His Majesty 1
he Emperor, the Most Illu Wow, and Most Escelle4
Marquis of Aracaty. Member r f his-Xll sty's Council, , 1 1
Gentleman of Vie Imeesial Bedchamber. Councillor. of
F nonce. Comman.ler of the Order of Avis. Seisator•of ! it
Lite Empire, Minisow Secretai yof State in L... depart. . .
ment of 'Foreign Affairs; Dr. Don Jo.e Clemente re- -1
reita, Mernber•of his Majesty's Council, Chief Judgeof '
the H ust Of Supplication, Dignitary of the Imperial i
Order of the Cress-beayer, K.i.ght of that of Christ.
Minister Secretary of St Ile in tne Ito see Della, tment,
and ad interim of Justice ; and Dan Jo Alum Oliveira -
Alvarez, Member of his Majesty's Collodi and that of
War, Lieutenant Genet al of the National•and Impel ial ,
Armies, Officer of the Imperial Order of the Cross- .•
bearer, Minister Secretary of State in the Home De- . .
partment of War, Who having exchanged their lest re-
tire full power!, which were found to be in good and
due
form, ;greed upon the following Atticles r '
Article I. His Majeoy the Emperor of Brasil. dos ,
dales the province of Monte Video, at present called
the Cisplatine, separated from the ter itory of the em- _p,
lire of Bras 1, in order that it. may constitute itself into
a State, free and independent of any nation whatever,
under the for Writ governtnent which it may deem most
suitable to its interests, want!, and resources. •
2. The Government of the Republic of the United pli
Provinces concurs in s'eclaringt on its parr, the inde-
pendence of the province of Monte Video, at present .1
called the Cisplatine, and its being constituted into a 1
free and independent Stale, in the form declared in the
foregoing article.
S. Both high contracting parties,' oblige themselves
to defend the independence and integrity of the pro.
wince of Monte Video, for the time and in the manner
that may be agreed upon in the definitive Ire 4y of peace.
4. The existing Govei istreot of the .13inda.Orieatal,
immediately upon the ratification s f the present Con-
vention, shall convoke the representatives of that pant
of the said province which is :rit present subject to it ;-
and the existing Government of Monte Video shall i ,
ratlike simultane.usly, a like convocation of the citizens
residing within tke city. regulating the number. of Hilo
pones by that of the inhabitants of the province, and
sing the form adopted in the election of representatives
in
.0 .
the last legislature. '' • -- . 1
5. The e:ectiOn. of Deputies fsr the city of Monte
Video shall take place indispensably extra sum, with- .
out the reach of the artillery of the city, and in the ab- "
sence (fall armed force.
6. The representatives of the province being assent-
bled at a distance of at least ten leagues ref the city of
Monte Video, and any other place occupti‘d by troops.
shall establish a provisional Gilvernmenr, which shall
rule the whole province, until the itssiallas ion 6 f alts
permanent Government, to be created as the constitu.
lion shall direct. The existing G vernnrent of •MOnte
Video and the Banda o.ierital shall cease immediately
after the installation of the provisional one. 1
7. The same representatives shall l.etake themselves I
alter wards to the formation of the political constitution t
of the-province of Monte Videce; and the constitution,
previously to being sworn to. shall be examined by
commissioners from the two contract ng Government*,
for the sole object of seeing that it does not contain . .
,
any article or articles opposed to the sectoity of their 1
' rest ective States. Should this be the case, it shall be
, publicly and categorically st t forth by the said corn. ,
' missioners; but should there be a want of common ac-
I cord in these, it shall be decided by the two contracting
' Governments.
8. Any inhabitant of the province rf M. me Video .
shall be at liberty to leave the ten itory time f, taking
with him his chattels, without prejudice to a third per.
1 son, until the constitution' be sworn to, if he Jo not wish
f to adhere to it, or if it so suit him. t
a 9. Them shall be perpetual and absolete oblivion of
all political acts and opinions whatever, done or pro-
fessed previously to the ratificeti-n•of the present Con.
e vention. by the inhabitants of the province of Monte
g Video, and of the territory of the Emperor of Brazil •
which has been occupied by troops of the Republii if
g the United Provinces. .
c 10. It being a duty of the two contracting Govern.
if merits to assist and protect the province of Monte Video
e until it be completely constituted; the said Governments
i agree, that if previously to the constitution being sworn
I. to. and during five years afterwards, its tranquilli•Yand
o security should be disturbed by civil war, they shall
lend the necessary aid to maintain and support the taw.
•e tut Government. After the expiration of the above
A term, all protection which is by this article promised to
id the lawful Government of the province of Monte Video
r, shall cease, and the-said province shall be considered
re in a state of perfect and absolute independence. ,
e- 11. Both the high contracting parties declare most i
explici:ly and categorically', that whatever may happen
m to be the use of the projection which, in calif 0 mity to
cy the foregoing article, is promised to the province of
id Monte Video, it shall in all cases be limited to the re-
se storation of order, and shall cease immediately that the • 1
t. nisit er. icattained_ t i

shall evacuate the territon of tke province of Moats
Video, including La CollfiliadAlekrasseato. in the
precise tern of ofo months tke date of the er
~...rchaftge,ef ithetrilAicatisigs of tiie p*sent Convention,
and return to afekontiers onthe empire. or embaol.l
with the exception Of a force of 1,500- men, which his'
iriatodiriaintain within the city of Monte
Video until the iOstallation if the Provisional Goveroof-,

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intent of the provibee. 'wader the express obligation ,
withdrawing this face vin the precise term of four
months first following the installation of the said Pro-
visional Government at the latest; delivering, in the
act of the evacuation, the city of Monte Video in ado
quo ante bellow to Commissioners competently autho
rised..od hoc, by the lawful government of the province.
16.. It is understood thricneither the troops of the
Republic of the United Provinces, nor those of his
Majesty the Emperor of Brasili which, in conformity to
the two foregoing articles; are to remain temporarily in
the province of Monte Viders;must in any wise inter.
fere in the political affairs, gosirament, institutions, Stc.
of the .said province. They shall be considered as merely
passive, and on observation, kept there to protect and
guarantee public and individual liberties and property,
and they cannot operate actively unless the lawful Go-
vernment of the province require their assistance.
15. As soon as the exchange ere`
the ratifications of
the present Convention takes place, there shall be an
entire cessation of hortilities by sea and by land. The
blockade shall be raised in the term of forty-eight hours
on the past of the Imperial squadron. /40/61itias by
land shall cease immediately aftet.this CcriAnfton arid
its ratifications are notified to the aurnieseand by sea, in
two days to Cape St. Mary, in eight to St. Catherine%
in fifteen to Cape Frio, in twenty-two to. Pernambuco,
• in forty to the line, in sixty to the Coast of Africa, and
in eighty to the seas, of Europe. All prises thede sub.
sequentlf shall not be considered bone fide captures,.
and indemnification will be reciprocally made for them.
. . 16. All prisoners taken by either party during the
war, by sea or by land, shall be set at liberty as soon
as the present Convention is ratified, and the ratifica-
tions exchanged; but those who have not secured the
payments of the debts convected by them, cannot leave
- the country in which they are.
17. After the exchange of the ratification, both high
•.
. towracting parties shall proceed to appoint their re-
spective Plenipotentiaries, for the purpose of adjusting
and concluding the definitive treaty of peace, which is
to be celebrated between the Republic of the United
Provinces and the Empire of Brasil.
• 18. If, contrary to expectation, the high contracting
parties should not come to an adjustment in the said
. definitive treaty of peace, through questions that may
arise in which they may not agree, notwithstanding the
mediation of his Britannic Majesty, the Republic and
the Emperor cann t renew hostilitws before the expire-
- lion of, the five years stipisleirsd in the 10th article ; nor
even after this time 1140144 e take place, without
notification being reciprocally given with the know.
ledge of the mediating Power, six months previously..
19. The exchange of the ratifications of the present
. Convention shall be effected in the city t f Monte Video,
in the term of sixty days from the date hereof, or sooner
if possible.
. In testimony whereof, we, the undersigned Plenipo
teatime les of the Government of the United Provinces,
• and of his Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, 'in virtue of
our full powers, sign the peseta Comet fro° with our
. band, and seal it with the seal r f our arms. Done in
the city f Rio Janeiro, on the 27th dry of the month
of August. in the year of the birth of oar Lord Jesus
Chris, 1828.

'DAN RAMON BALCARCR.
TOMAS GUIDO.
NARQUIS DE ARACATY.
JOSE CLEDIENTE PEREIRA.
JOAQUIN D'OLIVRIRA ALVAREZ.

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