Star.
London, England, 1829-07-15 00:00:00

WHIGS AND TORIES.

FROM A CORRESPONDENT.
In those days when the mass orthe people vas Mien-.
lightened, when political science Iva aft arcanum pea-,
sessed only by the privileged few, or when 'the many
had an interest in the organised sysieti oPpardes, their
mutual pretensions afforded a salutary check on the natural
tendency of power to abuse its force. Since, however,l
the march of intellect has been so general, and so ra-
pidly progressive, an attention has been habitually
paid by all classes to public affairs, and party having
thus lost its distinctive eonsideration, and much of its
utility, that influence which it possessed was no longer to
be maintained. Public opinion is now found to be
sufficiently strong to protect public interests, and to
secure their advocacy in Parliament, without any
special associations. Mr. CAN: 41)16's' Goiernment was
the first instance, however, since the famous coalition,
in which those long Connected by party-ties, and long
contending for ascendency in Government, consented to
waive their pretensions; and act as auxiliaries in support
of a Leader belonging to another division of the political
community, but who had been rejected by his colleagues
as their Chief, because, avowedly, of his tendencies to a
more liberal policy in domestic affairs than they approved.
This dislocation was nevertheless, in its issue, a complete
and irreparable dis Solution of party connexion, accom-
panied with many painful personal sacrifices. The facts
are notorious---we need do no more than thus advert to
them.

The administration of Mr. CANNING, thus composed,
was faithful to its principle of creation. There was no
proscription of men. There was no one in his Cabinet who
would not hare welcomed the Duke of WELLINGTON,
Mr. Pei:a., and every one who, like them, had so bene-
ficially filled the stations they had occupied in the pre-
ceding Government. The exclusion was voluntary, not
compulsory, and, their retirement was the subject of a
sincere regret. When the country lost Mrs: CA, X LNG ,
similar principles regulated the construction of the suc-
ceeding Administration. Monopoly was abjured, and
general conformity of opinions was the sole basis on
which the succeeding Ministry was continued. The re-
appointment of the Duke of Wen,' N6TON to the com-
mand of the army, with a seat in the Cabinet, if he had
chosen, afforded manifest proof that it was a Govern-
ment resolved to avail itself of the services of any one,
who being qualified by his abilities to promote the public
welfare, would accept employment under it. On the self
immolation of that Ministry, the Duke of WELLINGTON
being invested with full power to frame a new Cabinet,
and conscious that the time had passed for an exclusive
monopoly of government, made no attempt to restore the
Tory party to its possessions---they might be called
hereditary---of State Power.
When that Cabinet, however, was, to use a French
term, epuri, in the opinion and assertion of many of the
former opponents of Mr. CANNING, by the resig-
nation or removal of his former friends, there was
for the instant, an apprehension that the Tory monopoly
was about to be revived; but that apprehension
was only momentary, and when the Duke pa-
triotically resolved, and Mr. PEEL generously and nobly
agreed not to abandon him in the execution of his design,
to recommend to Parliament that great measure—on the
passing of which the safety of the empire depended, he
set at rest for ever the suspicionof a latent desire to revive
an exclusive system, and recompose a party Ministry,
which would have been unsuitable to the interests, as well
is offensive to the feelings of the. nation at large.
Religious equality being settled—that important addi-
tional security for the preservation of • our empire and
general Government having been obtained, by the co-
operation of men of all parties, and under the sanction of a
Sovereign who resolved on being the monarch of an undi-
vided, as well as a free people, any attempt is mischievous
that proposes to divide public men again under senseless
denominations, into sectarian fractions, or factions, for so
they would become, being no longer requisite for the ge-
neral welfare, and which would in its first immediate effect
deprive the country of the services of individuals whose
admission to the councils of the Kt Nu, or whose employ-
ment in the respective departments of the State, for which'
they may be eminently qualified, might be most beneficial,
and, indeed, indispensable for the maintenance of
peace at home, and the due promotion of administrative
improvements (which, is the real meaning of liberal
government), as well as for the acquirement of the due
influence in the conduct of foreign transactions, which
may be requisite to keep in check hostile disposition and
impulses. There is no longer any real difference of princk
pies or designs amongst the friend* of good Government
and of the British Cohstitution ; the bulk of both parties
are really united—united in principles of religious and civil
liberty.. So uttited-in the words of Lord Box.' NG sitoic
—we have not to fear ae shackles being imposed again
of.false lawfalse reason—and false gospel.

•
TRIAL OF CAPTAIN BRAGGE.---ine Cutup against
SitisoN BRAOGE, master of the ship Francis Watson,
and PETER MILLER, his chief' Mate, for the wilful
murder of Law Is SzzzcLazn a mariner, as formerly
noticed by us, came on this day at the Admiralty Ses-
sions, before SirthinsTOPlttlt ROBINSON, Lord Chief
Justice TYNDAL, and Mr. Justice BAYLEy,—when,
after a patient investigation, and much contradictory
•
evidence, the Jury returned a verdict of Not Guilty:—
declaring that the charge had not been proved by any
means. At 'the sane Sessions this day, five Spaniards
were discharged for want of evidence to suppdtt a charge
of Slave-dealing ; and the Court terminated.
' Thursday morning, the Duke de Chartres left the
'nudist Hotel, Glasgow, in a post chaise for Ballads. on his way to
Inverary. HU sake also left tewsi for Perth, chaise and foar
where they are to :recta. Grace'S aryl:al. tie is to visit Inverness
before be rejoins his mike.
STIRLING RACES. -It gives qs
that
to learn,
that, as dfordlngt strops reason to that the Stirling Races
would be reatnreds &mill, of srntoe, hoe taken a warm
interest in the undertaking, and apt as* staateusty emninunicated
to the' Magistrate his hiteatifin of using all his Manse, to pro•
!". u° dftlndolt . adaiaals. art .has bandeanwly knit:sated kis
Illtebtkul a Pkna.saffol, This, added twills King's
plates and lia r.olismi by the Ur! of Mar, form
51* bighning. pordastody whoa we Add to It molter pine of
la Trout the town end pobliebodlee of titirtinioN4Wed. Mactiry.

MEXICO. •
--or—
We Make the following extracts from a clever
po ndence, addressed to the Editors of the Courrier tip
Pays Bas, by a Mexican, and we hope they will eng
the serious attention of our Minister for Foreign Affair, '
they merit it. . For the present, we can only give
No. I.
0, It is true that the obstinacy of the Spanish Govern:lull
poses, by a thousand checks, direct and indirect, the prom,
our political regeneration. But are we the only victims? Ask
Commerce of Europe—our creditors—those of Spain hem*,
tereseed as much as any other nation in obtaining a punk,
~
the cake. _ - •
" Europe produced already too much manufactures; and diloyer
we have seen at Leipele--Russian merchandise rival the °num
This production, always on the Increase, must find new matte";
and where ? only in the New World ; and, notwithstanding us,
errors of the first adventurers, the New World has already wee.
European industry from shipwreck. But bow much greater soid
the demand be for European commodities, when the Amer
Governments, relieved from the agitations occasioned by theirmil
with Spain, can lower the impost duties T—when a well orgao,
system of finance enables her to pay her debts?—when a:rico'',
and industry shall have created objects of mutual beneficial ""
change T—when blockades, privateeripg, and piracy, of which Cu
is the den, shall cease, and freight and insurance be proporrioua
moderated ?
" But bow is this to be effects- by placing Spain in an impoloi.
!inky to continue a war without object—without any advantageous'
results.
"Two modes present themselves. The Ist, indirect and loagiol
its operation—For all the Governments of Europe to negociate wit"
the new States treaties of amity and commerce. The 2d more diree,
more prompt and infallibly efficacious—For the said Governments tc
guarantee for a certain number of years (say 26), to the New State,
their actual territory, and to Spain the possession of Cuba aced
Puerto Rico. During this period both parties would disarm...
animosities would cease—and friendship grow up to secure a pet.
=neat Treaty. But this would be intereention i To say tau
truth, Ido not quite understand this term. I have seen the BOes.
sous, in the name of Liberty, inatrrene with the United States.
in the stairs of Spain, in the name of Royalty. I have seen Eq.
land, in the name of Humanity, concur in saving the poor Grub
from the fury of MAUXOUD, and by Policy suffer Dan MICIIIIL telP
decimate the poor Portuguese. 1 have before seen three Gnat
Powers intervals in the partition of Poland; Austria inkiest".
twice in the affairs of Naples; illierflefit again in Piedmont—final",
I have seen so many—so many strange things! Not withstandiql

all these contradictions, my opinion is that we ought not to issto.
raw in the domestic affairs of other nations. Each ought to be u
liberty to choose its own institutions—to quarrel together like cats
and dogs, or live like a community of Moravian brothers."

REFORM IN PARLIAMENT.

At a Meeting of the Friends of Parliamentary Reform,
in the city of Chichester, on Friday, June sth; present
Lord Nugent, M.P. Otway Cave, Esq. M.P. C. Sinclair
Cullen, Esq. Rev. J. Fullagar, James Powell, Esq. &c.
the following Resolutions were unanimously agreed to.

Resolved—t. That extreme difficulties and inconvenience are
the consequence of the unintelligible laws of qualification for musty
voters; and enormous and needless expenses to candidates and coo-
sdtuents are caused by the distance of voters from the single place
of polling. That there is a great disproportion between the num-
ber of representatives for different counties and their respective
population. That the representation of Scotland, both as to its

Boroughs and its Counties, is a mere mockery, there being fewa
Toter. for the whole forty five Scotch Members than there are for
the city of Bristol alone. That many Boroughs with very small
population return Members to Parliament, and many Borough: of
very large population return Members by t►e choice only of a very
small portion of their inhabitants. That some Boroughs, whitest
any inhabitants at all, return Members, and many Towns of in.
mense population, return no Members at all. That the rank
is, as la said in t►e Petition presented to the House of Cent-

mons by Earl Grey In the year 1795, that for every person who
has a right to vote, there are at kast two hundred who are deprived
of that right, and that a majority of the House is returned by shoat
13,000 etc:eters, out of a mak adult population of not less than three
millions.

S. That, therdore, it is expedient to establish a Society, for re.
storing to the people their legitimate influence in the House of Com.
mons, of which, by their own neglect, and by the encroachments
of many, the people have been deprived.
3. That the attainment of our objects will be promoted by the
diffusion of political knowledge through the extensive circulation d
pamphlets and newspapers devoted to liberal principles, and by the

encouragement of public Bleetings and Societies in all the tows
and counties in the United Kingdom, for the purpose (to borrow
the sentiments of the Marquis of Anglesey) of a continual caosd•
tetional agitation of these questions.

4. That the objects may be further promoted by exciting the
people to a disinterested exercise of their franchise in those plates
where they still retain some influence, and by the protection sad
indemnification of these who may be sufferers by their patritde
"conduct.

S. That for all these, an Annual Fund should be raised by ab•
scrlption, to be at the disposal of the Reform Society.
6. That it is expected, that in the United Kingdom, 50,000 pet•

sons may be found ready te subscribe to the foregoing purposes—
its. 6d. a quarter, or 10s:a year, producing 25,0001. per annum, and
which, in the coarse of four years, would amount, to 100,0001.
a hind sulicient to make considerable progress in the Cause of
Reform.
7. That we. .the Reformers of Chichester, think It our duty to

recontaseed to the other Represented and Unrepresented Towns in
our County to appoint Public Meetings or Dinners for the promo-
tion of the Cause of Reform, and to offer our co-operation at those
Meetings or Dineen to the Friends of Reform in those places.
S. That the foregoing Resolutions be printed, and signed by the
Chairman, and communicated to the principal friends of Parlia-
mentary Reform ip the United Kingdom, particularly in the cijies
of London and Westminster.

C. S. CULLEN, Chairman.

His Grace the Duke of Northumberland, accompanied
by Sir W. W. Wynn, means to mat a marine excursion towards
the Isle of Man.—Dublin Etening Pest.
FRENCH CONVICTE.—On the 9th inst..preparations
were made in the Court of the. Blcetre for the departure of 107
pen Ons, mm000101(1 to the gales. They were divided luso four
gangs, conformably tq the new ordinance. aOse of these gager
was composed of individuals wbo seemed particularly to arrest the
attention of the spectators. Amongst them was Dupuis, aged ES,
who was tried a; the Court of Assize of the Seine for the samba-
lion of his mother's lover. The *Wiles of his Mine. his you*
and his sentence to perpetual hard labour. were sufficient to ado
interest In the beholders. He, however, seemed to look only with
an air of Madeira CO those who appeared touched by his fate. la
look, though sad. was full of haughtiness One of the lookeroes
leeks& placed a piece of stoney in his band, he immediately two
it to one of the guards, saying, " This gentleman may keep his.
ilms, I do net need them; my family will stiU take care of ma
In the same gapg were two young moo, who bore a striking re-
semblance to each other. They were the heathers Boutin,
detained to perpetual bard labour for the assaminatioo of a woman.
whom they mutilated. The air of idiotism which appeared as
their countenautes presented a strange contrast to the enormity of
their crime. Both of the same age, and brought up together.
they are both to end their life at the same oar. Not far from than
was a young man, who seemed to avert his:eyes.. Some person re,
cognised him, and immediately tears filled his eves," Ah !
'said he, "bit that you see me again ?" He bad worked far the
iperoon when. he spoke to, and, seduced by expensive habits, he
had become criminal to support his extravagtoces.—Aria Arpsr•