Star.
London, England, 1819-07-06 00:00:00

MANUFACTURING DISTRICTS.

Extract from a letter from Pollockshaws, near
Glasgow, dated June 29.

'6 If you consider the weavers in their collective capacity, their
sufferings are now increasing at a frightful ratio. A vast quanti7
of webs are daily finished, numbers are thrown entirely idle, and
those who are employed have work so coarse, or so badly rag!,
that their existence is rendered pitifully wretched, and extremely
precarious. Some means must be speedily found for the relit
of so considerable a part of our population. Surely such times
of dreadful distress plainly prove the policy, the humanity, and
the benefits of the poor laws. A sweeping dullness of trade may
turn the English workman idle, and cause him to fare mere
sparingly, but he runs no risk of actual starvation; while our
luckless labourers, en the contrary, having no legal recount
whatever, must either calmly starve in midst of bounty eurst;
or procure a momentary relief in a way to which it would be
highly imprudent to make the most distant allusion."

The weavers at CoCkermouth are finishing thc:r
webs that were in their looms, but do not engage any
more work at the present rate of wages. The men
who belong to the parish are employed by the town
in repairing the highways. Several Public meetings
have been held at the Town Hall there, for the pur-
pose of giving the question of low wages a considera-
tion, at which J.. D. B. Dykes, Esq. of Doienby Hall,

is propositions it was agreed,
held, in order to decide on

Inship employing Me weavers in
,ing such wages as shall enable
,radial assistance: the result has

_.arlisle, who has taken up the
masters, asserts, that the winders
lothing of the weavers) are very
it wages, and adds boastingly,
am can, by working fourteen
ly make from 9s. to 10s. per
dons I Ten shillings per week
'lle, and family of five or six

Juri labour per day to earn
:e to provide saltless porridge
,e dependent upon it I What
tful for !" What heart Inuit
exult over such a picture of
his?

irn, by fat tiler accounts troi*

le down as late as ma o'clock

iat tranquill!ty had been then
J. NEWPORT, the MAYV, the
;istrates, and the Police, had
rle alacrity, that there had been
ig tidies .to the garrison or to
:des is repress the riotous dis-
:e.

Ind Weavers are complaining
of the state of destitution to
from want of employment and
of remark, that one effect of
their former over-exerted in-
led has been to throw numbers
the same employment in other
suite as wretched as their own.
Ibt that much of the distress
rails among our manufacturing
aced by that system of over-I
Teat or too ready a command of
masters to impose tipon their
men have not only outworked
-kcd their neighbours; and all
to bring want on themselves,
. embarrassment on all around
which can never lead to good,
later, is always sure to make
felt. We have been led into
.ions by the following account
of the Weavers of Branden-
trained in an article from Ber-

;ontinental System, and by the
induced the English to make in
its of Silesia by linens of their
by patent cloth, consisting

of cotton, the Spinners and

crandenburg and Silesia, have
greatest distress. His Majesty
taking into consideration the
poor people, to the number of
ordered the sum of 1.50,000 rix
)se .f affording, not merely a

permanent support. Baron Von
'ally distinguished for his huma'
for his experience in these mat-
almostlis whole life to those
listreesed workmen, has receiv-
er with the Chief Presidents of
.ia, to procure these poor spin-
only the end necessary for-their
but also dwellings and land of
to give the plough a place by
Fifty thousand dollars are
lurg, and the other 100,000 for
ince the little towns of Busen-
brave inhibitime formerly re-•
and Muncheberg, have been
:able to the purpose, as they are
an the capital, and have all
In Sleek, the former-Convent
:ountry about Routenbach, are
le poor people may not be °h-
aves into the arms of rapacious
mwtrz has established a maga-

At Berlin, from which the KING,
en he may want for the use of

irk LETTER PROM CHARLSTON,
,ATED MAT 28.

ve may be the ruin and distress
side of the water, it cannot, I am
pared with what is felt here—ruin
lursuing their baleful course, in
the Union, and universal insol-
whole mercantile community ;
considered hitherto as of the

'both here, at New York, Phila-

have sunk within its vortex,
who will be solvent on the mor-

is,universal distrust and gloom
Lace of mutual confidence and es•
accommodate his neatest friend.
ises of this melancholy state of
ip the limits of my present com•
ley are sufficiently obvious to
ad. Systems must change before
melioration can be experienced.
away and summer approached,

iy of those fond expectations we
close of the fall. Nay, sofas fruas

any prospect of an improving trade,.tve have actually
no trade at all; anctivery one is Iretbg on the wreck
of his property. In this state of things, common
prudence will whisper you, that it would be worse
than madness to make any further consignments-
Better—far better, that our manufaotures should re-
main on hand, and perish at home, than come here
to rot in stores, tvith the accumulated heavy charges ,
of freight and import duties."

The Paris Papers of Saturday arrited this forenadn.
The Chamber of Deputies continues occupied with
the uninteresting details of the Budget of Ways and
Means.

Ten young persons, marked out as the ringleaders
in the disorder at the School of Law, have been ar-
rested : three of them have been sent to La Force,
'and the remainder committed to the military prison
Of Mostaign.
A letter from Spain. states, that Joseph Alvarez de
Toledo, formerly a chief of the American insurgents,
who had obtained permission to take up his residence
at Madrid, has been ordered to quit Spain.
It is reported that a Hungarian Diet will be con-
voked in the course of next year, during which the
EMPRESS of AUSTRIA will be crowned Queen of
Hungary, as the seco4cl spouse of the Emperor was
in 1792.

The Bavarian Government which has recently
been expending considerable sums in military con-
structions at Deux Ponts and Landau, has given or-
ders for their suspension. This proceeding is sup-
posed to be the result of a Treaty which is on foot
for the transference of the Rhenish territories of Ba-
varia to Prussia.

The Papers of Stutgardt are filled with frightful
pictures of the progress of pauperism and depopula-
tion throughout the Kingdom of Wurtemberg. The

proceedings of the approaching Diet are looked for-
ward to with great anxiety.
French Five per Cents.—Friday, 69fr. 45c:

We subjoin from a private letter from Paris, some
judicious remarks on the recent change in the Spa-
nish Ministry, and the present state of the relations
between Spain and this country. The removal of
M. Casa 'Vivi° and his colleagues is ascribed with
much appearance of probability, to the interposition
of this country with respect to the threatened cession
of Florida to the United States, our Ambassador
having, it is said, demanded either the rejection of
the treaty, or the surrender of Cuba, as an indem-
nity to England.

14 PARIS, JULY 3.

" There is no doubt that it is the influence of your
Cabinet which has turned out Casa d'Yrtijo, after the
demand made by your Ambassador, either not t 6 ra-
tify the sale of the Floridas, or to give up to you the
island of Cuba as a necessary counterpoise to the
influence of the United States in the Gulf of Mexico.
It is probable that Ferdinand believed he could
satisfy you by disgracing the advisers of the Ameri-
can treaty, with respect to which, without formally
refusing to ratify it, he will make no positive decla-
ration for some time, according to the custom of the
Spanish Cabinet when it is embarrassed. Will these
delays and tergiversations suffice to check the pro-
gress of events which are hurrying on in the New
World. Here, at least, we do not think so.

d", The United States will keep the Floridas, either
by the title of regular cession, if the treaty shall be
subsequently ratified; or by the title of a guarantee
for the payment of the debt due to them by Spain, if
there shall be any further delay. This fact we con-
sider certain, unless you declare war against them.
Thus all that Ferdinand will gain by this hesitation
will be the danger of making the Cabinet of Wash-1
ington renounce the conditional engagement which
it contracted of not recognizing for the present the
new American republics.
" Your Cabinet, on the other hand, will not allow
itself to be deceived by these appearances. Whether
Ferdinand ratifies or not, your Ministers will-see that
the Floridas belong decidedly to the United States;
that force alone can take that territory from them ;
that this force cannot come from Spain, and that
therefore the crisis of war or compensation for you
has arrived,
'4 You will nbt declare war in the financial diffi-
culties in which you are implicated, by the approach-
ing change in your circulation, and in the midst of
your other internal embatrassments. My anticipa-
tion, therefore, is, that you will, under some pretest
pr other, obtain possession of the island of Cuba,'
,which Ferdinand will neither Five the inclination nor
courage openly to surrender to you. The uneasiness
which is expressed already among you at seeing the
'United States milking use of the harbour of Pensa-
cola, whence they might in a few days attack this
magnificent Colony, is a proof of the fate that awaits
it, sooner or later. You will not suffer yourselves to
be anticipated—you will even appear at a point of
need to be guaranteeing. Spain from an inevitable
F
,calamit
ty—you will promise, if it be necessary, not to
keep Cuba, except as a depot, till the period when
Spain shall be able to procure the restitution of the
Floridas.
44, The quarrel concerning these two Provinces,
whatever may be its result, adds fresh certainty to
the independence of South America, which will be
recognized much more speedily either by the United
Stater or by you, perhaps by both, froma sort of
useful priority and natural emulation.
, .•

News arrived yesterday from the Country of the
following Banks Stopping Payment
Messrs. WAIALIi Pots, Bankers, Bristol/
Messrs. Fauns snd Co: Bankers, Chattenkshi;
Nears. haws sad Cu. Bakers, Wiaciscombe.

LIQUIDATION OF NATIOAL DEBT:

The enormous amount of flie National Debt of
Great Britain is th• soli cause 4 the Public distress.
It would then follo4 that it is only by a diminuziad
of this debt that we an ever hope for. relief.
There are only two modes by tvhich a liquidatitid
can be effected .namely, by taxatilin or compulsory
means, or by voluntary subscription:
In the present state of the country, farther taxation
is totally out of the question: there remains therefore
one mode only by which we are ever likely to pay
off even a part of this immeasurable debt--namely,
by patriotic or voluntary subscription.
Whether, however, by voluntary or compulsory
means, whatever part of this debt is hereafter paid,
must necessarily come from the pockets of the people.
The rapid accumulation of interest, commonly
called the Sinking Fund, still comes out of the na-
tional purse. It being a debt contracted for, must
necessarily be discharged 6y the people.
Patriotism alone might prove an insufficient sti-
mulus to voluntary subscription for the purpose of
reducing the National Debt: a measure should there-
fore he devised, whereby interest might be combined
with public spirit ; and for this end—

Suppose a great National Lottery were established,
to be drawn once in each year, the proceeds of which
to be applied to the sole purpose of reducing the
National Debt, and ne other.

The clamour usually railed againit Lotteries would
not attach to these. The purposes for which former
Lotteries were made, were of themtelves often ex•
tremely unpopular : in the present instance, the ap-
plication would be for a most noble .object,, the re-
duction of the'National Debt; and therefore could
not fail. of becoming exceedingly popular : and by
Government managing the whole business, instead
of Contractors, all the mischievous gambling which
at present exists, would be avoided.
By arranging the Scheme of such an Annual Lot-
tery judiciously, it would not press at all upon the
lower classes. The wealth of the country is sufficient
to defray annually a large portion of the National
Debt without inconvenience: no country in the world
can boast so much wealth, or so many wealthy inha-
bitants; it may in truth be said of us, that thbugh
collectively poor, we are individually rich. By mak-
ing the Prizes large, and the prices of the Tickets
high, a stimulus would be given to purchasers, and
the lower classes would be protected. Foreigners
' would also, in all probability, be induced to purchase
Tickets, and thereby assist us in the great object we
have in view.

There is never any difficulty in raising money to
any amount in this country. If the Minister wished
to borrow 50 millions to-morrow on loan, the list
Would be instantly filled up, a proof of the sufficiency
of wealth ; the payment of the interest alone is the
grievance, because this latter is raised by Tates,
While, because it is a voluntary act, the producing the
whole of the principal is hardly felt.
June 28, 1819. B.

-‘rided after various p
•
tha: a vestry should be he
be propriety of
Me townsh
own trade, and paw
tins to do without parochial
act ye: reached us.
manufacturer of Cart
pr. in defence of the masse
and teas pens (he says nothii
finkful for their present w
every fair workman
a day, absolutely 31
clear of all duductior
tc support a man, his wife
Oiidren! Fourteen hour!
uhat will scarcely suffice ti
fir the mouths that are d
alct to " be very thankful
man have who can ex
45,01ute destitution as this 1
We are happy to learn,
Waterford, which come d
;y:. of the :.10th ult. that
pc:fcctly restored. Sir J. l
Sheriffs, the other Magists
shewn sec!! commendable a
to question cf resorting e
special cor.stablv, in order
plsit;on of the populace.
While our Spinners and
sc loudly, and so justly, of
which they arc reduced fro!
.oar stages, it is worthy of
:le success with which the
ry has been attended
persons engaged in the
-entries into a state quite
.I:ere can be no doubt t
at present prevails ;
Ltoes has been produce(
•:•41;:ig which too great o
capital has enabled the ma
workmen. The poor men
themselves, but outworkee
o no other purpose but to
lam on their rivals, and ea
them. It is a system whit
end which, sooner or late
its re•actron severely felt.
.here transient observation
of the distressed state of
Uurgh and Silesia, contain
lin of the 19th June :
" By Natiotsmes Conti
,ndeavours which it induc
order to supply the wants ,
wn manufacture, and b
half of flax and half of
*treavers, both of Brani
ieen reduced to the grea
le KINo, humanely takii
distress in which these poi
.:0,000, languish, has ords
dollars, for the purpose I
temporary relief, but pen
KOTWITZ, a man equally
iity and probity, and for
ten, having dedicated al
:ndustrious, but often dist?
•Al full powers, together v
firandenburg and Silesia,
!errs and weavers, not awl;
proper employment, but
their own, and thrit to
ill side of the loom:
destined for Brandenburg
Silesia. For the province
!hal, Brenau (whose bra
Pulsed the Hussells), ant
ridged peculiarly suitable
to a small distance from
land for cultivation. In
of Gressau, and the cote
points. That the p
I:gesl to throw themselve:
.'lcrchants, Baron Korw
rice for their goods at E
will take all the linen b
Army."
nntACT OF A ratveri
DATE
u However extensive
"PeTlenced on your side
c4asdent, be compared
a:,d devastation are purs
irr.cq every part of the
"iezcy threatens the wl
already many houses, c
first respectability, (botl
•elPhia, 13(.ston, &c.) h
ud no one can tell who
c
• Theconsequence is
aye usurped the place
al—each fears to acc,
" To trace the causes
'mg; would outstrip t
~nicatior ; but they
veil! reflecting mind.
:Perceptible amelic
—cpring
has passed am
`it4out reillizing any O
.
" at the close
, •