The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1852-11-23 00:00:00

TEE DAY OF THE FUNERAL

b Ica
+re, aOunds of labour vexed the quiet air
Atli" rnorn till eve. The people all stood still,
pailloearth won back a Sabbath. There w.ere none
For neared to buy and sell, and make a gain,
ft4e whole day. All felt as they
.had lost
era and were fain to keep within,
n--01,1°r speaking little.
.Such a day
man sees but once in all his time.
,knew peasant in the land that day
Abel," somewhat of his country's grief. He heard
s4tOell of England's hero from the tower
,! climeil, and asked the cause, and sighed.
Lattlgt'ran who had bled on some far held.
•Zlth t O'er the battle for the thousandth time
iill4 'Plaint addition ; and the little child,.
gbi tt,t,ooPed his sport to run and ask his sire
`10p,4-,," all meant, picked out the simple tale,—
)4aq-4e...drove the French from Waterloo,
la c •aned the tyrant of the world, and made
At.°Untry o•reat'and glorious,—he was dead!
tafr,° the'simplest to the stateliest, knew
jl,llto-.e,,sal story • from the cotter's bairn
40 tithe fair-haiied lady on the throne,—
•ktitt :at within and sorrowed for her friend.
ilid`a;!erY tear she shed became her well,
'gag :Tined more lovely in her people's eyes
he starry wonders of her crown.
Nbnt,
°ne
en the waters of the Northern Sea
a..e°lue ).,urryin stroll.. wind blows steady from the pole)
- t'
IN Yea g o the shore,iand far and wide
irDatia, can reach the creaming waves press on
; or, as trees that bow their tops
ebl Y, when Alpine hollows bring one way
iirist whereat they quiver in the vale,7-
1j11.4"s Dressed to swell the general grief
'Mmekl;if....ttl—for once all men seemed one way drawn.
at rough evil hap, and unforeseen,
'ilt wt. at
behind, their hearts, at least, were there
e14..01e day through,—could think of nothing else,
40tid
ng else, see nothing !
the made In his cell
kilse loila„int saw the pageant : spied from far
t06,-.'rawli pomp which reached from west to east,
ltd baa'lng in the silence ; casque and plume,
witera,
itt°r)(liier
mg sad ; the marvellous state
sa soldiers, nobles, foreign Powers,
Aed 0 •
tes rwith pennon ; princes, peers,
\Ow; and dignities of Church and State,
rriora grown graybeatled ;—every form
'eatef,lreatness can assume or honour name.
warlike,—each and all were there ;
tlet:n sable sorrow after him
haa,„ serene upon his funeral car
de Vat ,tUs rest . A child might understand
pno natural sorrow ; but a grief
Thatsll he world. A child might understand
ba4ankind were sorrowing for one !
ed nations had conspired t.o pay
1,11 the „sage to the chief who drew his sword
I,,r4i,th-Mand of Duty ; kept it bright
1(14, Perilous days • and, soon as Victory smiled,
opaeb unsullied, in ttie lap of Peace.
IllilearPings, and more, the student spied : as dull
4,49107,1 Tree, he who, hearing throne the
spire,
ij;10(1"1. everyLaiglfrom many a tonei land
~,nt.P't with slumberingo lege one were dead.
aeciio, fancy , hear. no strains
(sa b Music ; see no shade
7 nodding p.umes) across his book,
(I,l,eeleuna all the sense : yea, pour no prayer
tageoatie., Yet hearty as ineloquent ;
tits(' 11ns to himself of what he said
rett la •
The craw 18 gallant spirit ! give him peace !
;ro,,kirtiveiciaatihrietteoc] his brows with aniarantli,—and set
Palm-b.rancli in his strong right hand.
p,_e rtquering armies of the. skiesDp _
1,II:fle:1%h( place for elve:i• l.etanhrbsevalk
lleeaMrrell the sinerglaes-telaorteed, and the wise,
`;_ apttla.,,'),lrrs of !heir country I—faithful men,
allZriliCl,to their Prince, and true, and brave ;
a, 6110 aeo..4.ltriself severely, simply good,
a, la: °thee' l'edto be ambitious,—scorned. the snares
.pat4..tation, rank ; but stood sublime
quiterArreatness
all Spirits, —give him peace !'

C 0-IN-T-V
0 T I 0 N.

i`pp
ID ad." or both Houses were resumed on Tuesday
Ifinomment from the previous Friday. In the
4;,1144h °ll'e• the discussion was on a motion by the
of CANTERBURY for address to Her
in , an
If 'ors which it was stated that there were some
let 41,, of the
-- Church who believed that a resumption
, of Convocation would lead to results
tl,tildslerit '0 the interests of the Church, to which an
moved by the Bishop of OXFORD, stating
0q , ',ere at.
et °nout to address themselves to questionskid Net t.h, °.
be discussed with benefit particularly with
dtl;berapiegcorrecting offences committed by the clergy,
;o.4tier! to be permitted to lay the result of their
their
cktNei '8 before Her Majesty. Several of the Bishops
.rtit
IttNtafter °Pinions, pro and con, and the Bishop of
e ttut lengthened speech, concluded by saying :
ti4.t ;Qs nfnY
riseong them are not sufficiently alive to
otablishment. I for one have a very
test , o that subject. I should deplore it as
tith caiareity that CoUla befall my country, and
at the l
Vow th 54,, east that could befall my church, if evT•
VI% that state were separated. But, my lords, this
itittli.l47,4o,l"f are many in this church, very, very
;1/4,lt,s;'.eehl,e'!te time should ever come that the church.
s behh.itel eetteelf incompetent to its essential. duties
tNigeb if will leave it. I, for one, will leave
llttntoll j\iott,ll!lL time should ever come. I will not go
rtt,ll °et t, "vnig can induce me to go to that corrupted.
'Ore Pch er, never, never will I act as a bishop in
England when once the Church of England
expoteed under the feet of the temporal power.
io_•l4l4Y like" Cluny earnest hope that this day's dis-
, vv.% Of ikete effect of drawing us all together in
lib,4uoilde icu the sound part of the church will
Ikt mtlld divie
withdrew
N them „ion the Bishop of OXFORD
Itsztteelr. w ' and one moved by the Bishop of
cpl,totheir 4earatgreed to, in which they solemnly
Y acceptance of the formularies and
edee°e°lll
itthe Church, and stated that whenever
'11,1; leence necessary to pray Her Majesty for
roes It would be their endeavour to D'
(\r, ,eci unimpaired.
Ir 4 bitei3Osider of an addresb
t41,43'. Bill, and the House adjourned t
titti
ent-t °n Wednesday, the Prolocutor of the
tied wended with the resolution agreed to on
so 801ite amendments to the address,

k. committee
to Her M

e was then

.vhich were agreed to with some verbal alterations. A
petiti6n from the Bi-hop of Cape Town, claiming to be
summoned to Convocation, was referred to the Vicar-
General to report at the next meeting upon the legality of
it. A request from the Lower House to re-consider the
table of fees to certain offices of Convocation was referred
to the Archbishop of CANTERBURY► and after a protest
from the Bishop of OXFORD, in which he was joined by the
Bishops of SALISBURY, CHICHESTER, and St. DAVID'S,
the Archbishop of CANTERBURY prorogued the sitting of
Convocation to Wednesday, the 16th of February.
In the Lower House on Tuesday, the Prolocutor named

a Committee of Grievances, and after some discussion, as
to the power of a committee to sit in the intervals of
Sessions, the list was agreed to, and the Prolocutor
proceeded to the Upper House with the resolution and
the list for the concurrence of the Archbishop of
CANTERBURY in their proceedings. Upon his return, he
stated that his Grace would consider and send his answer.
Having passed some minor resolutions, and the Prolocutor
having been summoned to the Upper House to hear the
address to Her Majesty, with a copy of which he returned,
the House was adjourned till Wednesday.
At the sitting on Wednesday, a long discussion took
place on the address to Her Majesty, which had been sent
down from the Upper House, and some additions were
made to it relating to the death of the Duke of
Wellington, and the necessity of an increase in the
episcopate. The Prolocutor, on his return from carrying
the amended address to the Upper house, stated that a
committee of seven Bishops had been nominated to
consider the heads of a petition to Her Majesty on the
subject of the correction of clerks in holy orders, and a
committee of seven members of the Lower House were
nominated to consult with them. After some further
discussion the Convocation was prorogued until the 16th
of February.

THE INTRODUCTION OF CHRISTIANITY
INTO BRITAIN.

LECTURE AT THE COLLEGIATE INSTITUTION.
The Rev. D. James's lecture on the above subject was
delivered on Friday evening. He commenced by giving a
sketch of the invasion of Britain by the Romans, dwelling
especially upon the obstinate resistance made by the
natives. The opinion which Julius Caesar entertained of
their courage and determination was evidenced by the
largeness of the army, about 35,000 men, which he deemed
it necessary to bring over for their subjugation. Though
repeatedly beaten, it was always with difficulty, and the
next day or the next week they were again prepared to
fight in defence of their country and their liberties. They
were defeated, but not vanquished.
Turning next to the city of Rome, the lecturer briefly
described the characters of the successive rulers of the
empire, as bearing upon the history of Britain. Coming
down to the time of Claudius, he mentioned that the arnay
which that emperor sent under Aulus Plautius to subdue
the Britons mutinied when they came in sight of the
Straits of Dover, and refused to proceed any further,
being afraid to encounter the foes who had proved so
terrible to the armies of Julius Caesar. The mutiny was
quelled, and the troops landed. They were met by Carac-
tacus, who opposed a brave though unsuccessful resistance
to them ; and, so much did Plautius esteem the honour of
conquering them, that, when a great battle was about to
be fought on the banks of the Thames, in Oxfordshire, he
desired the emperor to come over, in order that the glory
of the victory might be his. Claudius did so, and marked
his estimation of the distinction he had acquired by attach-
ing the epithet " Britannicus" to his name. This proved
that the Britons acquitted themselves well in battle.
When Caractacus was taken prisoner to Rome, all orders
of men flocked to see him, and a public day was fixed upon
for his introduction to Claudius, which took place amidst
great pomp and ceremony. After giving, from Taci:us, the
speech of Caractacus to the emperor, with the subsequent
events, ending with the liberation of the captive chief and
his family, the lecturer observed that upon this part of the

history an' his subject hinged. Christianity was already
known in Rome. It had been carried there by persons
whose business led them to take journeys between the
eastern parts of the empire and the capital. The father
and the family of Caractacus learned Christianity at Rome.
Daring the seven years that Caractacus lived, his father,
who was called Braan, was detained in Rome as a hostage.
But afterwards, in the reign of Nero, he was permitted to
return into his native country. He said he would take
with him Christian teachers, to instruct his countrymen in
the Christian religion. He took four men with him, who
were the first Christian missionaries to these islands. The
year of their arrival here was about A.D. 59. One of them
was named Aristobulus; and in St. Paul's Epistle to the
Romans, which was written about the year 60, mention
was made of this same person. It was said, " Greet them
which are of Aristobulus' household." The apostle did
not say, " Greet Aristobulus," but " Greet them of his
household." Where was .Aristobulus himself ? He had
left Rome, in company with Braan, to be the teacher of
Christianity in Britain. This was known to St. Paul, because
he had ordained him to be a Christian missionary, to esta-
blish the Christian religion in this country. In the Triads
of the Ancient Britons, which were an excellent means of
assisting the memory when there was no printing, mention
was made of " the three holy families;" among whom was
" Braan the Blessed, who brought the faith of Christ
from Rome." This was a valuable link in the chain of
evidence. Another was supplied by the Greek Menology,
which signified martyrology, kept according to the days of
the month. Archbishop Usher had given a passage from
this month, in which, under date of the 15th of March,
Aristobulus was spoken of as " one of the seventy disciples
who followed the Apostle Paul, preaching the gospel in
all the world, and ministering to him : by whom he was
ordained bishop of the land of the Britons, a rude and
very savage people ; by whom sometimes he was beaten,
and sometimes led through the market-place. But he
persuaded many to come to Christ : in consequence of
which, after he had established churches, and ordained
presbyters and deacons, he suffered martyrdom." This
was the account of the Greeks, who had no knowledge
whatever of the British Triads, and who therefore simply
bore testimony to the facts as they had reached them.
This was a most valuable passage, and he had verified it
himself, on a recent occasion, by reference to an original
copy of the Menology, in the Cheetham Library at Man-
chester. It proved that this Aristobulus, of whose house-
hold St. Paul spoke in the Epistle to the Romans, was a
bishop, ordained by an inspired apostle ; that, in company
with other teachers, he established the same form of
church that still existed in this country, ordaining presby-
ters and deacons ; and that, in consequence of his zeal, he
suffered martyrdom in this our native land.

The family of Caractacus, being of royal blood, set a
noble example. His daughter became so pious that her
name was mentioned in the list of British saints. Taus
Christianity grad uallyspread through the country. Though
the Romans were still carrying on their military opera-
tions, their attention was chiefly directed to the north,
to North Wales, and the Isle of Anglesey, and Scotland.
Their object was to bring the whole country under the
power of Rome, an object which took them a century to
accomplish. In the south there was peace and quietness,
and the knowledge of the Christian faith spread. Then
came Lucius, a kind of subject king to Rome. He
established churches, and conferred upon them some of
the first endowments conferred on churches in those days.
In consequence of the patronage of these royal families,
the Christian religion spread further and further, till it
had taken deep root in the soil.
In further proof that the knowledge of Christianity was
possessed by the inhabitants of Britain at this time, the
rev. lecturer quoted several of the ancient writers, as
Tertullian, in his book against the Jews ; Origen, in his
fourth homily on Ezekiel ; Theodoret, Chrysostom, and
Eusebius ; the latter of whom, being the intimate friend
of Constantine, the first Christian Emperor, who was
born at York, of a British mother, would naturally have
every opportunity of examining the public records.
The present British nation, Mr. James went on to con-
tend, had sprung from the Britons of those days. It was
a great mistake to suppose that the Englishmen of the
present day were Anglo-Saxons, or Normans, merely be-
cause there were a few of the Celtae kept distinct in Wales
and Ireland. If they took the same pains as he had done
to examine the pedigrees of the great families of the coun-
try, they would find that so great an admixture had taken
place by intermarriages, that the English, as well as the
Welsh, the Scotch, and the Irish, might well be proud of
those ancient Britons as the true founders of their race,
and the principles, the talents, the independence, and the
patriotism of whom had come down as an heirloom to us,
who were permitted to enjoy the privileges of Christianity
at the present day. He was very anxious to establish
this point, because it was a matter of fact with which few
were acquainted. He wished to establish a bond of union
which might draw all together, so that they might present
one united phalanx if again a Roman should attempt to
invade our country, or an enemy nearer our own shores.
He hoped to see the Anglo-Saxon, the Irishman, the
Scotchman, and the Welshman like brothers sprung from
the same stock, and so cemented together by intercourse
and community of interest, that they might join together
to defend those Christian privileges and advantages which
they enjoyed, and hand them down to their posterity as a
noble inheritance for which their ancestors had bled, and
for which, he hoped, they would all be prepared to bleed
likewise. Long before Augustine the monk was sent by
the Pope to introduce a sort of adulterated Christianity
into Britain, the light of divine revelation had been
brought here by men who had received it from the Apostle
Paul; and it was never afterwards allowed to be extin-
guished. Britain had Christianity as early as Rome her-
self, and it became her, therefore, to support her inde-
pendence, and not to submit to the trammels, and
pretensions, and mummeries and supersititions of the
Bishop of Rome, who had nothing to do with Britain,
and who ought to have nothing to do with any state ex-
cept the one which he ruled over as king.
From the church in this country missionaries were sent
to Ireland, where the Christian religion took so deep a
root, and the converts were so many and so zealous, that
Ireland sent a great many missionaries back to England
to teach Christianity to the Anglo-Saxons who came from
time to time to settle in the country. From Scotland,
afterwards, a great many missionaries also came. So that
the history of Augustine's mission was the history of a
complete failure, and the knowledge of Christianity, in its
purity, was entirely introduced in the way he had stated.
Mr. James then alluded to the tradition that St. Paul
had himself visited these islands, and adduced satisfactory
reasons for believing it to be unfounded.
At the close of the lecture, which was frequently inter-
rupted by bursts of applause, the Rev. J. B. Sutton, who
was among the a•idience in the lower gallery, moved a vote
of thanks to Mr. James, which was carried by acclamation.