The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1852-08-03 00:00:00

Added to this
nigh'

of the 13

the town in ashes

given in the S

larnity had b

synagogue, which had stood for upwards of 500 years, had
been destroyed. Some hundreds of Jewish
great many Christians have been burnt out
to some accounts mentioned in the Silesia
many as 130 houses had been destroyed by the fire
town of Calisch, according to the last ce
about 670 houses and 11,000 inhabitants, ar -
one of the principal places of Russian Poland in point ci
mercantile opulence and trade
THE GERMANIC DIET has
gun cotton a nation

sus, contained

d is considered

oted to the inventors of
and of £3,500.

THE POPE has ordered fourteen medals to be struck for
the purposed presenting them to the foreign diplomatists
who attended at his court at Gaeta, after his _ _
Rome ; and as soon as the fourteen medals have beer
coined, the dies are to be broken.

ht from

THE RECENT FIRE AT MONTREAL.—We understand
that the principal loss by the late fire at Montreal will
fall upon the following offices ; Montreal Mutual,
£lOO,OOO ; Montreal Company, £35,000 ; Equitable, of
London, £30,000; Etna, £25,000. Some smaller amounts
are insured in some other of the English offices.—Pori
Magazine.

A LETTER FROM BRUNSWICK, in a Berlin journal,
states that the Duke of Brunswick is about to marry, and
that he is anxious to have his children declared heirs to
the throne, to the exclusion of any his brother, the de-
posed duke, may have. The matter gives rise to serious
difficulties, and thJ intervention of the Germanic Diet is
to be demanded.

! IMPRISONMENT OF A MIS'IONARY IN GREECP..—The
Rev. Mr. King, an American missionary at Athens, has
been thrown into prison by the Government of Greece on
the charge of proselytising. The Government of the
United States having repeatedly demanded his liberation,
but to no purpose, a squadron, consisting of two frigates
and two war steamers, has been despatched on its way to
Greece, for the purpose of liberating the missionary.
CORRESPONDENCE FROM ROME announces the discovery
of a magnificent bath of Oriental alabaster by workmen
employed in repairing the watercourses of that city. It
has been found on the Piazza of the Holy Apostles, in the
immediate vicinity of Trajan's Forum. Unfortunately, it
has been somewhat damaged by previous workmen, who
appear to have broken a hole through the alabaster side,
in order to pass a water conduit through it.
DEATH OF A SPANISH BLILL-FIGHTER.—The Torea-
dor Ximenez, known under the name of Cano, has died
from the effects of the wounds he received in the last bull-
fight. This is the third human victim who, in the space
of three months, has been sacrificed in the arena of the
most popular spectacle in Spain—a spectacle in which
every part is equally dangerous, since the three unfortu-
nate men who have succumbed were, one a banderillo,
the other a picador, and the third an espada.
A PARAGRAPH OF COURT GOSSIP from the East of
Europe, which may have its interest for our readers, is a
report to the effect that the Empress of Russia, on occa-
sion of her recent visit to the Rhine, made a donation of
50,000 ducats—about £l4,ooo—to the fund for comple-
ting the Cologne Cathedral. There now appears to be
some probability that in our day this unique structure
may receive its last touch ; money only being wanting—
and this the various members of the royal family of
Hohenzollern seem determined to supply.—Athencertm.

FATAL EXPLOSION OF FIREWORKS IN FRANCE.—Tho
Rouen papers mention that a firework maker and his
wife, of Petit Quevilly, near Rouen, were on Saturday
making fireworks, the materials accidentally caught fire,
and a terrible explosion took place. The floor was torn
up, a wall was knocked down, the furniture was destroyed,
and the unfortunate couple were dreadfully mutilated.
The neighbours hastened to the spot to render assistance.
The man was in such agony that he entreated them to
put him to death. He and his wife were conveyed to the
hospital, but he died before arriving. The woman lies in
a deplorable state, and even if she should live, will be
frightfully disfigured.

PROSELYTISM IN TUSCANY.—Active steps are being
taken against Protestant proselytism, which has of late
made sigoal progress in Tuscany. The correspondent of
the Morning Chronicle says :—" I am assured that
thousands are ready to secede from the faith of their
fathers, if the public declaration of such a change were
not attended with dangerous consequences. The celebrated
Leopoldine laws stand in the way of the ultra-clerical party
who are very powerful here, and are eager to crush the
march of Protestant proselytism. The eyes of all Florence
have of late been directed to the trial of the Madiais, man
and wife, who have, after a prolonged and unjust imprison-
ment, been sentenced to fifty-six and forty five months'
imprisonment, though the evidence brought against
them was of the most unconclusive character, and public
opinion concurs in absolving them."
PIRACY AND MURDER BY COOLIES.—TiIe North
China Herald gives details of the murder of the captain
and several of the crew of the American ship Robert
Bowne. The ship sailed from Amoy about March 20,
with a crew of 19 men, including all hands, and about 410
Chinese passengers, bound for San Francisco. The
captain, in order to maintain cleanliness, cut off the tails
of a great many of the Coolies, and obliged them to come
on deck and be washed all over in cold water, the men
scrubbing them with cane brooms. The Coolies evinced
much concern at losing their tails, many of them crying.
On the 10th day out, a body of the Chinamen came
rushing aft, armed with pieces of wood as clubs. Seizing
same boarding pikes, they murdered the captain, two
officers, and three men. The rest of the crew, after an
unavailing resistance, retreated to the rigging, but were
persuaded to come down to steer the vessel, and were
well treated. The Coolies were landed on an island which
was reached on the fourth day.

CIVIL MARRIAGES IN ITALY.—Some of the most in-
fluential prelates in different parts of the dominion of the
King of Sardinia have declared that they will refuse all
the offices of religion to persons contracting civil marriage,
and the penalty of excommunication is threatened. The
Opinione of Turin announces that " the Archbishop of
Chambery and the Bishops of Aoste, Tarantaise, Mau-
rienne and Annecy had followed the example of their
Piedmontese colleagues, by publishing a declaration, in
which, after proclaiming the Marriage Act to be uncon-
stitutional, immoral, anti-social, and anti-Catholic, they
declare that any Roman Catholic in their diocese who
should presume to marry according to a form different to
that prescribed by the Church ipso facto, incur excommu-
nication. He will be deprived of the sacraments during
life, and in the hour of death, unless he has canonically
rehabilitated his marriage, or dismissed the person whom
the Church can only regard as his concubine. Should he
die without conforming to those prescriptions, he shall be
deprived of Christian burial, and his children, in a canon-
ical point of view, shall be considered illegitimate."
A SINGULAR FRENCH lIOAX.—A cattle dealer, named
Taxile, a few days ago, appeared before the Paris Tribunal
of Correctional Police, to answer the charge of having
assaulted a person named Ragon. The complainant
proved clearly that he had received a sound thrashing
from the defendant ; but the latter, in his defence, told
the following story :—On one of the recent very hot days
he was, he says, going to Arpajon in the coupe of a dili-
gence when the complainant entered. At that time ano-
ther person was in the coupe. He and his companion
being very fat, there was little room for the complainant.
After a while, inconvenienced by the heat and pressure,
the latter began to grind his teeth and bite his lips, and
writhe as if in great agony. His fellow travellers asked
what was the matter with him, and he said, apparently
with great effort, that he would endeavour not to bite
them. " Bite us," cried they ; " Good heavens ! you are
not labouring under hydrophobia !" "I
—l—l—hone
not !" but I was bitters the other day by a mad dog !"
On this the cattle driver and his companion roared to the
driver to stop, and they alighted, refusing to endanger
their precious Jives by travelling with the hydrophobe.
Once left alone, the latter burst into a fit of laughter, and
seated himself at ease in his coupe. He took care to make
his hoax known, and the poor cattle-dealer was a good
deal quizzed for his credulity, and took his revenge on the
first opportunity. The tribunal, however, told the de-
fendant that he had no right to chastise the hoaxer, and
fined him 25 francs for the assault.—Paris paper.

SECRET TREATY OF THE THREE NORTHERN POWERS.
—lt will be recollected that, a few weeks ago, several
journals, both in Germany and this country, published an
analysis of a series of notes exchanged between the cabintse
of St. Petersburgh, Vienna, and Berlin, on the subject of
the present position of France, and more especially with
respect to the double eventuality of the establishment of
an elective or an hereditary empire. The conclusion to
be drawn from these notes was, that in the event of the
establishment in France of an elective or personal empire,
the change being merely nominal, and the state of matters
remaining in reality what it was before, the powers might
be disposed, for the sake of the peace of Europe, to make
a further sacrifice of their feelings by acknowledging it as
a govenmelt de ficto ; but that in the event of an
attempt to establish an hereditary government, the powers
felt it their duty, as it was also their determination to act
very differently, and that they were resolved never to per-
mit so flagrant a violation of existing treaties and of public
law. As long as a member of the House of Bourbon
should exist, the powers were resolved, if the question of
right to the throne of France should arise, not to tolerate
its being taken possession of by a usurper. To allow that
would be to inflict a mortal blow on all the dynasties of
Europe. Such is a resume of the numerous notes
exchanged between the three northern powers in the
course of the months of February, March, and April. In
the beginning of May it was agreed that these notes
should be made the foundation of a regular treaty between
the two emperors and the King of Prussia, and accord-
ingly this treaty, which is dated the 20th of May , 1852,
has been signed, ratified, and exchanged. Morning
Chronicle. —ln reference to the above, the Observer
says :—" We are enabled to state that the Convention
alleged to have been concluded by the Three Great Nor-
thern Powers of Europe, and which was published in its
?psissima verbs by a cotemporary, the Morning Chronicle,
in the course of the week, has not been completed in the
form in which it has been printed, nor indeed in any sub-
stantial form whateveras a formal public act. Wehave great
satisfaction in making this statement ; for, if it were other-
wise, we should have grave apprehensions for the sudden
disturbance of the peace of Europe, provoked by such a
premature and insulting interference with the concerns of
a great neighbouring state on the part of the
vived " Holy Alliance" of Norther“ desPot4ll3.

-VIENNA,

ITALIAN RAILROADS. JCLY 25. —The
treaty has just been published concluded between Austria,
Parma, Modena, and Tuscany for the establishment of a
complete railway system between the three States. The
line to be constructed is to bear the name of the Central
Italy Line. Partirz simultaneously from Piacenza and
Mantua, it will meet at Reggio. the point or junction, and
will go thence, by Modena, to Bologna. It will then clear
the Appennines, either at Pistoia or Prato. At the other
side of the Appennines the line will join the Tuscany
Railway. The establishment of this new mute is conceded
to a company, with a privilege which excludes every
competition for the term of 100 years. The Government
guarantees a lriinimuin of interest upon the capital. Tele-

graphic communications are to be laid down along the
lines.—✓ournal du Commerce d.

Anvers

A FRENCH ENIIGRA:

of a court-u.
mesnil, th'
addm

IN CALIFORNIA.—At a sitting
_ in Paris, on Saturday, M. Robert Du-
ocate, read the following extracts of a letter
• San Francisco to the prisoner by his
gone to seek his fortune in California :
le,—Provided you have not committed
of folly, I know not what to think of
v.-,however,- too much to think of in
this cursed country, without having to feel uneasiness on
your account. We are very unhappy here, and in two
days hence we shall not know where to lay our heads, as
our house has been sold by order of justice. In this case
we must go into service to obtain a livelihood. Such, my
dear Emile, is the fine California. There is money to be
earned by workmen, but those who go to the mines do not
do rnu.th good. In that, as in everything else, large
capital is required to do anything of consequence. Then
fine results may be obtained. I think it very fortunate
that you did not come out with us, for by behaving well
where you are, you may get on, while we have been
obliged, in order to procure the means of existence, to sell
everything—your mother's watch and trinkets, clothing,
• in fact, only keeping what is absolutely ne-
in a word, is our unfortunate condition.
what a dream ! to have come to this infernal
And how to get out of it, so far from our own

ised from

father
"My dear Ez

some serious

your silence

arms, Stc

3ood -God

country

country

What gives me the greatest pain in all

this is to see your poor mother, who was accustomed to
every comfort in France, subjected here to so many pri-
vations; her tears affect me more than all my own suffer-
, logs. . . . M. Delorme is as wretched_as possible,

as well as M. Liebault and many others. We mare sur-
rounded by wild beasts. Yesterday I killed, close to me,
an enormous wild cat, almost like a young tiger, and a
few days since a wolf came into our very house."
THE GOLD FIELDS OF AUSTRALIA.—The following ex-
tracts are taken from a private letter, describing the re-
sults of a six months' tour through the gold fields of Aus-
tralia, and dated Friars Creek, Mount Alexander Diggings,
Feb. 14, 1852. The writer says—" Since I wrote to you
last, six months ago, I have been engaged in the several
occupations of gold digging, gold buying, and doctoring
gold diggers, having been to almost all the diggings that
have at present been found in these vast auriferous regions.
It is impossible to convey any idea of the immense sums
mado by individuals in a few days ; and far from the re-
ports that are published being exaggerated, they are, I
assure you, much below the mark—this I know from per-
sonal experience, both as a digger and as a gold buyer.
The other day a piece weighing 271bs Boz. of pure gold was
picked up within a few hundred yards of where I am now
writing, and is being exhibited in Melbourne at ls. a-head.
Many men that I have known as common labourers have
now their thousand or more pounds ; and what is more
satisfactory is that every man may make his pound's worth
a day, merely with a tin dish and a spade. The state of
society at this part of the diggings is low in the extreme,
the greatest insecurity of life and property exists, bands of
the greatest ruffians under the sun are prowling about un-
molested by the police or the diggers, and every night,
and even in the broad day, the most impudent robberies
are committed. You will be surprised to hear that I never
venture from my tent by night or day without my revolver
in my hand ; that I never lie down to sleep without it at
my side, that we watch the tent by turns to save our pro-
perty, for the ruffians, knowing that we have a considerable
sum of money always in the tent, keep a bright lookout
upon us. We keep our tent all ready prepared for a siege
—muskets, pistols, bayonets, and revolvers always ready.
My medicine chest, which weighs about 2 cwt., is elevated
to the post of the treasury box, and to each handle we
have a fierce dog. The night is generally enlivened by
the cry of murder, the muffled cry of some poor devil
gagged, the barking of dogs, and the occasional report of
some description of firearms, all announcing that some fun
is going on somewhere. We dare not stir, even although
we see a man being robbed or gagged 20 yards off, for
there is just a chance that it is a " plant" as they call it
here, to draw you from your tent and then to sack it.
You will naturally say, why live in such a place as this,
when there are others quiet and orderly (for near the com-
missioners. wherever they may be, there is always quiet
and security) ? I answer for the sake of gain, and it may
be a little love of excitement. This is one of the most
lucrative spots of business, as well as the worst pro-
tected, but we also live in hopes that Government
will interfere, and establish a commissioner some-
where near. I have had, as you may suppose, lots of
gun-shot wounds to attend to, besides stabs and frac-
tures, and there is a great dial of dysentery and opthal-
?llia, so that I pick up a few guineas and half-guineas
that way. The grand drawback is the want of water ; we
have no fine rivers as in America, and there are no run-
ning streams as in most mountainous countries. The
scenery in this district is really fine, and you can conceive
nothing more picturesque than the clusters of tents of every
variety in every gully between the mountains ; the fine tail
gum trees and the oaks covering some of the hills, others
being perfectly bald with fantastic rocks jutting from their
sides, the whole of a uniform brown contrasting well with
the bright green foliage of their fellow hills. Our life is
migratory, our movements depending on the supply of
water—water is the digger's best companion, without
which he cannot get on. A bushman and digger must
depend entirely upon himself; he must be able to pitch
his own tent, cut his own wood, light his own fire, cook
his own mutton chop, fetch his own water and do all
those nameless little things that are never thought of at
home, because they never come under our notice. He
must also rough the severe storms that sometimes occur
here, and must smile if a hurricane carries his tent away
in the night during a pelting shower, when he is in bed.
I have seen men get 71b. weight of the gold with five or
six blows of the pick. The best proofs, however, will be
the immense sums exported for England.