Star.
London, England, 1817-05-29 00:00:00

STATE PAPER.

.i

AMERICAN RELAI lONS WITH SPAIN. .
MR. RIMING To. CRVALLoS.
" Madrid, August 26, itt6.
is Stn—The President is sincerely desirous of esta-
blishing the relations of amity between the United
States and Spain on a solid basis, and that every ob-
stacle to a permanent good understanding between
the two countries should be removed by arrangements
honourable arid advantageous to both ; he does not
doubt I,f finding corresponding dispositions on the
part of Iris Catholic Majesty, therefore has readily
acceded to the particular wishes of Majesty by
receiving Mr. Onis, and in the same friendly confi-
dence as ordered me to repair to this Court.
g, 1 am specially instructed to discuss and to settle
with your Excellency all the ancient causes of mis-
understanding,.as well as the questions growing out
of recent occurrences which are of a character unfa-
vourable to the object in view. It is desirable that
no matter of future contention or jealousy should re-
main, to put at hazard or to interrupt the good intel-
ligence which the United States are always disposed
to maintain with Spain, and to all the advantages' of
srhich his Majesty's Government cannot but be
wholly sensible.
se In transactions where the parties enter with such
dispositions and such motives to accord, a tratilt ex-
• position of all the grounds of complaint is at once the
roost just and the most judicious course ; for to sup-
press or to sruot:,er any of them, in condescension to
- temporary considerations, is but to leave the seeds of
fetur, discord, and to substitute palliatives and expe-
dients for satisfactory and solid arrangements.
" It is proper, therefore, that I shouid state dis-
facly all the points on which the United States seek
for redress and indemnity, commencing with those
claims which have heretofore been the subject of un-
successful negocation. lam well persuaded that the
whole can now be settled in a manner satisfactory to
both parties, and without reviving whatever animo-
sities they may have originally given rise We
" In the pri•sr nt exposition, 1 may also forbear to
enter into the details of the principal subjects to
which it relers; because these have for the most part
in.sonie term or other, been already brought to the
view of the Spanish Government; and because your
Excellency in particular has the most
.perfect know-
ledge of them.
• " The first point to which I must call your atten-
tion, is the claim of my Government 44. cr,mpensa-
lion to its citizens on account .of the ravages com-
trifled ou their commerce previous to the year 1802.
This is an ohje.ct which the United States never has,
and never can lose sight of; indeed the justice of the
claim has already been admitted by the Spanish Go-
vernment in a Convention negnciated and s'itned by
your Excellency on the I Itli of August, Mi.!. The
United States still expect that this claim shall be ad-
justed upon principles of law and equity, wilier
cannot be called into question by his Majesty's
Government. _ _

In the same manner, the United States expect
that compensation will be made for all the injuries
done to their commerce, under the authority of the
Spanish' Government, or within its jurisdiction, pre-
•ious to the date of said Convention, not embraced
by it, and the claim for which was especially re.
served by that Convention; as weU as for all similar
injuries subsequent to its date.
":he suppression of the deposit at New Orleans
in the year 1802, violating the Treaty of 1795, forms
another claim of great importance.
" Ctuses of misunderstanding of a later date, and
of another character, accumulated principally during
the war betwten the United States and Great Britain.
Thee were of so unfriendly, and in many cases of
so violent A nature, as to threaten an immediate and
serious rupture between the United States and Spain;
but happily the pacific policy which has uniformly
eraracterized the conduct of the United States to-
wards Spain was still uplteld, by considerations
highly honourable to the moral character of the Ame-
iican Government—considerations growing out of
the then unhappy domestic state of the Peninsula,
and the miseties and disorders to which a most un-
just foreign invasion had made it a rey ; the Arne.
rican Government always trusting that Spain, on the
establishment n 1 its national independence, and die
restoration of regular Government' evnl Tranquillity,
would readily attend to the just dentanklt of the MU.
ted States, and cheerfully embrace their conciliatory
proposals. It will suffice for the p►eoent, that I men-
tion but succinctly the principal matters above ad.
retied to. These are—
•' tat. The encouragement which was given by the Spanish
Ailtherities in East Florida, to the Indian tribes in Georgia, and
generally on the southern frontkr, to make war on the United
States.

66 ad. The aid given to them is that war.
4f sd. The aid afforded to Great Britain by permitting sup.
plies to be • sent throiigh East Florida to the lndian trilins; and
afterwards by allowing her to establish a place of arnis In that
province, for the purpose of es:cot:raging and supporting the In-
dianola their savage war.
66 These acts were evident and very irportant vio-
lations of the neutrality which Spain was bound to
observe beiaren the belligerents.
6. Het duties as a neutral Power were altogether
lost sight of, when the United States frigatc'Euez
was attacked in the bay of Valparaiso.
64 The seizure of American property, and the im-
prisonment of American Citizens, in various modes
and under various pretexts, both in the Peninsula
and in the Colonies, afforded unequivocal indications
of an unfriendly. temper ; several of these acts may
hereafter require special represeotations.on my part—
sny present object is to bring them generally to your
view. The President relies upon the just sense which
his Majesty must entertain of. the important crisis in
our affairs, which such events are of a nature to pro-
duce, for the adoption of a policy congenial to the
inter, sts of both countries : and the President per-
suades himself that the same just. and amicable 'dis-
position will,be prompt in affording the satisfaction
required for the initiries c,miplained of, and that thus
a istate of lasting peace and frierldly intercourse may
be secured between two countries. 'Whose relative
sitOations and interests render that state so peculiarly
desirable.
ge Finally, the questions respecting boundaries,'
which have heretofore been supposed to offer some
obstacles to a settlement of other differences, she
America', Government considers as susceptible of
amicable adjustment, and I am instructed to treat
with your Excellenty on that subject.—l have the
honour to be, ikc. " (MUGS W. ERVINQ."

EXTRAORDINARY GAZETTP OP
BUENOS AYRES.

The same_Ga7ette, from which we extracted, yes-
terday, the account of the victory in Chili, announced
that many important papers were found in the escro-
toire of Don MAnco, after his flight from Chacabuco.
Some of these, it says, could not be published with-
out disadvantage, while others may be safely given
to public curiosity. •Of these latter is the following :
DISPATCH OF THE VICEROY OF LINA, DON JOAQUIN
DE LA PEZUELA, TO DON MARCO.
" Lima, November 4, 1816.

" Confidential.—l received the three dispatches of
your Lordship the 13th and 14th ult. with copies of
the correspondence of our Charge des Affaires at the
Court of Brazil, &c. The packet from him, accord-
ing to your Excellency's desire, was transmitted from
hence without delay to the Marquis de 11 Concordia,
to whom it was addressed. But its contents were
known to me on the following day, as in compliance
with the injunction they express, he sent them to me,
accompanied with his observations upon them. They
contain a repetition of the orders to the General of
the Army of Upper Peru, to put his troops in motion
for locoman without delay, and to remain there in
order to watch the movements of the Insurgents, on
all the points which they occupied, and to ascertain
their designs. This march to Incuman and Santiago,
it executed quickly, will infallibly frustrate the plans
of San Martin with regard to Chili, even if it were
certain that he seriously meditated to invade it."—
With regard to the defence of Chili, which is the
most important part of the dispatch, the Viceroy says,
" Upon the whole I am not confident in my opinion
that I can send much assistance to your Lordship ;
however, I send to your Lordship, by the Mexicali
frigate, 186 firelocks, two pieces of artillery, with
their corresponding carriage, and a proportionate
number of the corps of artillery, together with four
Officers, and 300 quintals of powder, and other ar-
ticles of war. Your Lordship may rest assured, that
it it were in my power to send you more as,istance,
I do not want inclination ; but it is absolutely neces-
sary to reserve here some resources as a provision
against any event which may happen.—Goa preserve
your Excellency many years.

JOAQCIN DE LA PEZVELA.
" Addressed to Don Francisco Marco,
Petsklrot of CUE."
CORRESPONDENCE

EETWPEN THE SUPREME DIRECTOR or vorwos-kvars,
DON JUAN MARTIN DE PCRYERREDON, AND THE
PORTUGUESE GENERAL, LECOR, DATED
SUENOS-ATIt ES, MARCH 2.
GENERAL Lacoes PROCLAMATION, DATED FM IS.

Article 1. Every party belongiug to the enemy who may rob
or ill-treat any peaceable and delenceless inhabitant in his house,
shall be individually treated, not as prisoners of war, but as high-
waymen and disturbers of the public peace.
. . . .

Art. Y. When the parties, after having. committed any crime
against the peaceable and &fenceless inhabitants of any of the
towns under the protection of the Portuguese arms, cannot be
apprehended, the most severe reprisals shall pe made on the
families and properties of the Chiefs commanding said parties,
for which purpose strong detachments. shall go out of the Por-
tuguese army to burn their estates and escort their families on
board the squadron.
Art. Ss A sufficient number cf cor.fidential persons shall be
employed to watch over the security and tranquillity of the inha-
bitants, and to give in to the nearest respective Commanders a
circumstantial repori, and- the latter to Headquarters, of the
eaCtllltWb committed b) the enemy's parties against said peaceable
itiliabitants, and of the persons of whom the same are composed,
that the necessary meuures may conformably be adopted.
Art. 4. The present Edict shall be communicated and publish•
ed ira all the towns under the Portuguese arms.

SUPIt DI 6 DIRECTORS ANSWER OcCASIONED EY THE EDICT.

TO GENERAL iI.COR.

~ Stn—l have just received your Excellency's
Edict, dated the 15th of February. Its extraordi.
nary contents have put an end to my hopes of being
able to keep up any kind of harmony with your Ex-
cellency and the troops under your command. Your
Excellency pretends to have a right to the territory
you occupy, founded on the protection you give to
it, and 4.iii this basis y‘o reckon on the consent of the
subjugated points. The brave Orientals (inhabitants
of the Eastern bank) have resolved to prove that
your Excellency's torcts are not capable of affording
them any such protection, and'in conformity thereto
have undertaken hostilities against those very towns
your Excellency confesses to maintain in an uncle-
tended state, at thr same time you pretend to subject
them to your yoke. To fill up this vacuum of power,
your Excellency appeals to the strange resource of
an ill-understood reprisal, and to the still stranger
one of declaring the defender: of their liberties to be
no other than highwaymen.
With regard to the first, these magnificent pro-
mises o: protection very ill accord with the acts of
violence your Excellency commits on the innocent
families of your enemies. Such acts of violence are
devoid of object, and will only contribute to render
the war more bloody and shocking to humanity. The
families your Excellency conveys on board your
Equadron will increase your expenses, dangers, and
the difficulties of providing subsistence, at the same
time that it leaves the faithful Orientals free from
carer, since exposing their lives for the freedom of
their country, they are withheld by no fear of sacri-
ficing their families. The estates destroyed and &um
' by your Excellency will do a real injury to the coup-1
try to which your Excellency deigns to grant your
protection, but nobody will thereby be so greatly af-
fected as your own army, whose provisions cannot
be obtained from burnt and destroyed fields.
~ With regard to the second, under what right can
your Excellency declare as highwaymen the inhabi-
tants of a country who make use of the means gene-
rally allowed among nations to defend themselves
from unjust aggressors ? The French, when they
occupied Spain, committed all kinds of acts of vio-
lence against the defencele'ss towns they met with, and
what is more, Spaniards 41.c1 the same with their own
countrymen, in order to deprive their enemies of
resources, but were the French for this declared
highwaymen? .
4, The. Edict of your Excellency proves, that you
are prepared to treat the Americans in the satne man-
ner as the Spaniards have done, and that it is at-
tempted to exclude these countries from that asylum
which, in midst of the misfortunes of war, is granted
by the rights of nations to belligerents. Even it the
,
Orientals were not, as in fact they are, our brethren,
the sole reason of their being neighbours would au-
thorise this Government to interest itselt with all its
1 power in their behalf, for the infraction of a right it
! belongs to all civilized States indistinctly to vim:il-
lcats. Dut !ban *heady informed your Excellency
..

that the inhabitant: nf the Oriental territory, by with-1
drawing themselves from their dependence on deter-
mined Governments,. have not pretended to dissolve
their bonds of moral unity with the rest of their
countrymen, with whom they protest acted' the
wish to strengthen their relations, and that the dr.
marcation of limits agreed on in the treaty of 1812
was celebrated with all the provinces, and for the
same reason I have constantly remonstrated against
notorious violation. The Orientals sustain their
own cause, and at the same time that of the western
towns, and hence have they and will be aided by
this capital till your Excellency.evacuates a territory
of which you have taken possession by violence.
u As long as your Excellency carries on the war
with dignity, and conformably to the rights of na-
dons, corresponding conduct will be observed on our
part ; but it your Excellency carries into effect the
threats contained in your above-mentioned edict, I
protest to your E.xcelleacy I will on my part exercise
a more than rigorous reprisal, by executing on three
of the subjects of his Most Faithful 'Majesty the same
treatment of your Excellency on each one of the
Orientals. For this purpose I have made arrange-
ments for all Portuguese subjects to be sent into the
interior, to the guard of Luxan, though it has been
extremely painful to put thew to this inconvenience,
though after your Excellency's edict the measure was
nece.;sary for the safety of the State, &c. &c."

EAST INDIES.