Star.
London, England, 1828-08-06 00:00:00

GERMAN PAPERS.

RUN. Jinx te.
Biwa TRON VIZ THZATIIIi OF WAR.
The following accounts contain some new and into details respecting the latest military operations;
the substance of which we have given already in the
Russian Bulletin from the Camp of Bazardjik, of the
Ilth July :
" Camp at Basardjik, Jody to.
44 The Imperial Head•quarters, with the Sd corps of
the army, lett the camp at Karassu early in the morn.
ing of the 6th, to advance towards Bazardjik. The 7th
corps of the army, under the command of Gen. Woineff,
followed at the distance of one and two days' march.,
The Headquarters were three days in proceeding this
distance of about 80 went: (54 Engli•h The
march was favoured by the weather, frequent thunder
storms having cooled the air.
84 The vanguard, under Gen. Rudiger, had marched
before the head quarters from its position at Bairam
Dede to Mangali. News had been received in the camp
at Karassu, that a division of Turkish cavalry from Si.
listria bad marched towards Bazardjik. It bad how-
ever retired on the advance of General Rudiger. A few
hours afterwards we learned that a division of Turkish
cavalry froin Schumla, at least four thousand strong,
had again appeared near Bazardjik. On the 7th July
here was some shirmishiog between them and the van
of the right wing of our advanced guard, commanded
by General Akimkief. The enemy, who advanced to
turn the right wing, attacked in particular, with great
superiority of force, a piquet of thirty Cossacks, to
whose support a squadron of Hulans was sent. This
not being sufficient, Gen. Akimkiet sent two squadrons
with two pieces of cannon, which the Turks made
fforts to get possession of. Two battalions of Yager',
advancing in squares, speedily put the Turks to flight,
which was accelerated by the arrival of two squadrons
of hussars, sent by General Rudiger. The 1 arks rs.
tired idto a wood thaw watts beyond Basardjik, whae

they passed the night of the 70, but when G.nkral
Rudiger advanced by break of day they had ahead),
withdrawn.
lit rffis little action the enemy appears to have had
a considerable number killed. On our side there were
nine killed and forty wounded; of those there are some
who have been wounded by arrows. The advanced
guard, under General Rudiger, reinforced by several
battalions, is advancing upon Kosludgi simultaneously
with the advance of the Imperial Staff from Karam.
Adjutant General Constantine Benkendorf was detached
to Ku.gun, with a brigade of infantry and a pulk of
C.ossacks, to take up a position between Shams and
the Imperial head-quarters, to cover the latter in care
f a sudden sortie of the garrison of the former fortress.
With this view a camp has been formed at Ressowal, to
continue there. till General Roth shall have advanced
with the 6th Division, and completed the investment t f
Silisn ia. According to it.telligence received to-day,
this may be effected within a few days, General Rosh
having wade good his pasiage ovet the Danu'be, near
Knsova.
.0 On the. same day that the advanced guard, under
General Rudiger, advanced from Bairam Uccle against
tie corps of General Scbwetschin, till then
attached to the same, and consisting of one brigade of
infantry and sir squadrons of cavalry, moved from
Mangali towards Vat na. Yesterday Adjutant-General
Count Suchtelm set off with the corps of General
A kignkief, wi 13 the view of joining Genet al Schwetschin
before Varna, aad of endeavouring, with the combined
force, to effect the surrender of that fortress. The
fleet which assisted at the siege of Anapa will also sail
for Varna.

" JULY 11.—The corps of General Woinof will this
day be completely assembled near Bazardjik. General
Roth being now arrived in the vicinity of Silistria, the
main body of the army will be able shortly to continue
its march upon Schumla. General Rudiger was this
morning ordered to attack the Turks in Yorbudgimbere
they appeared disposed to make a stand, but as soon as
our troops showed themselves the enemy retired.t—
Prussian State Gazette, July 29.
COPOIHAGEbtatiLY 29.
We hear that on the 25th April last a Treaty of Na-
vigation and Commerce between Denmark and Brazil
was concluded, and signed by bib Majesty's Minister and
the Brazilian Plenipotentiary.
It is long since we have bad so wet a summer as the
present, which will unfortunately be very ibjurious to
the harvest. In our neighbourhood the oats in particular
have been laid by the heavy rains ; the wheat, however,
is better.

STOCKHOLM, JILT U.
His Majesty the King arrived here yesterday evening
'after three months absence, and was welcomed by the
acclamations of a great concourse if the inhabitants,
and a salute of artillery. The Crown Prince and the
Mt sabers of the Provi►ional Government, with the prin-
cipal Civil And Military Authority:, received his Ma.
jesty at the gate of the Palace, and in his apartments he
was welcomed by the Crown' P, incess. Immediately
after his Maje►ty's arrival a Proclamation was issued
di►solving the Provisional Government.
EXCHANGES UN LONDON.
Hamburgh, August 1.-13 10}—Two mouths 13 Se .
Liipsit, July 22.—Three month. 6 14j
Vienna, July 20.—Two months, 953
Stockholm, July 25.-75 day., 12 3.

STATE PAPERS,
Concluded from the &ma of Yestorday.

UIRtStONDINICR SILSITTE TO CONMERCIRL INTERCOURSE ITTIVERN
Tut UNITED STATES OE AMERICA ANSI TEE SMIRK WEST DMA
COLONIES. •

110. 4. ALBUM GALLAIIN, RSQ. TO TN! RARE OF DURUM.
Upper Seymour-street, Oct. 3, 1547.
The undersigned, Minister of the United States, has
the honour to acknowledge the receipt of the Note ad-
dressed to him, on the Ist of this month, by Lord Dud-
ley, his Majesty's Principal Secretary of State tor Foreign
Affairs, in answer to the Notes of the undersigned of the
4th of June and 17th of August last, on the subject of
the colonial intercourse.
It is believed that Lord Dudley would, on a close ex-
amination of the measures which the President of the
United States was willing to recommend to Congress,
have been satisfied that those measures would not only
have tended to relax, but would have altogether abro-
gated all the restrictions imposed by the American Le-
gislature on the colonial intercourse through the medium
of British vessels.
The objection drawn from an anticipation of the de-
tails, which might have accompanied the general prin-
ciples of the proposed law, would have been easily
removed. And those that are suggested against the
process recommended by the American Government,
seem less conclusive against it than supporting the pre-
ference which the United States had given to an ar-
rangement by treaty.
But since his Majesty's Ministers are of opinion that
much may torn on the position and circumstances of
Great Britain, of the United States, and of the com-
mercial world in general, when such law should come
into effect, and since, in declining to give the pledge
invited by the overture of America, they have expli-
citly declared that their resolutiun was the result of
considerations, general in their nature and conclusive
against a prospective pledge of any description respect-
ing the colonial policy of Great Britain, the under-
signed, whose efforts to obtain a more favourable an-
swer to the inquiry he bad been directed to make
. have been unavailing, has no other duty to perform
in that respect than to transmit to his Government the
determination of that of Great Britain.
It is with regret that the undersigned finds that Lord
Dudley. who had at first considered the Note of the
4th of June as not calling for any reply. has now deemed
it necessary to offer some comment on the explanations
contained in that Note, of the conduct of the Govern-
ment of the United States, in relation to the colonial
intercourse subsequent to the Act of Parliament of July
INS. He had designedly separated the explanations
from the inquiry, and suffered more than two months
to elapse between his two Notes, in order to afford suf-
ficient time for any reply which that of the 4th of June
might require, and in order that the discussion on the
topics embraced by it being finally concluded, the pro-
posal he bad to make might be taken into consideration,
without any retrospect of antecedent circumstances, and
solely as a question of policy and mutual convenience.
It is with unfeigned reluctance that he finds himself
compelled again to revert to points already so much
debated, and to take some notice of Lord Dudley's
observations, on explanations which, it had been hoped,
would have been deemed satisfactory.
It is correctly stated that the reasons alleged by the
United St ties for not having complied with the con-
dition prescribed by the Act of Parliament of July,
182.5, were—lst, because the opinion was entertained
that it was still the intention of Great Britain that the
intercourse should be arranged by negotiation ; 2dly,
because it was not known whether the condition was
rightly understood.
On the last point, Lord Dudley seems to think that
the doubts, which the undersigned had mentioned as
attaching to the•eneaning of the Act, were rather the
suggestions of his own mind, than the recorded grounds
of the perplexity felt by the American Government or
Legislature. And he infers, from the specific proposal
contained in the Note of the undersigned of the 17th of
August, and from an allusion to a declaration of Mr.
Canning, that the condition in question bad seemed to
the Government of the United States so perfectly clear
for all practical purposes, as to be susceptible only of one
interpretation.
The Nute of the undersigned, in which be tried to
explain in what consisted the difficulty of understanding
what was meant by the condition of the Act of Parlia-
ment, is that of December 28.1826 ; and that note was
explicitly stated to be founded on a " Dispatch from
the Secretary of State of the United States, the substance
of which be was instructed to communicate to Mr.
Canning." The statement of the doubts attaching to
the meaning of the Act, though varied in the expres-
sion, was in substance taken from that dispatch, which,
although it has not attracted the notice of Lord Dudley,
was communicated to Congress, and re-published in
December or January last in several of the London
newspapers.
Bat as, notwithstanding this, doubts may still be enter-
tained respecting the recorded grounds of the perplexity
felt on that subject by the American Government and
Legislature, during the Session of 1825, 1826, the un-
dersigned has the honour to enclose a copy of the Re-
port of the Committee of the Senate of March 31, 1826,
to which he had already alluded in his Note of the 4th
of June.
This document will satisfy Lord Dudley, that the
Committee had under consideration the Baltimore Me-
morial. requesting that British vessels, from whatever
ports, might be Omitted (in the ports of the United
States) on the sane terms as the vessels of the most fa-
vowed nations; and that the Committee's Report against
the prayer of the ps-titioners was founded on two rea-
sons: First, that to admit British vessels indiscriminately
with their cargoes, from whencesoever arriving, or of
whatsoever compo,ed, on the same terms as vessels of
the most favoured nations, or, in other words, to com-
ply with the condition of the Act of Parliament, as un-
derstood by the Committee, would operate as a surren-
der of the principle of equality, &c. Secondly, that a
corresponding desire to arrange the colonial intercourse
on a satisfactory footing, appeared to exist on the part
of the British Government ; and that the negotiations
respecting it were expected to come to a definitive issue
before the next Session of Congress
To this day, the Goveinraent of the United States are
not sure that they understand precisely what was in-
tended by the condition. Desirous as they were that
their proposal should be accepted, they wished to present
it in the most unexceptionable form; and if, instead of
offering to comply with the Act of Parliament, which
certainly was the most simple proposition, and the most
likely to be favourably received, a specific proposal has
been made, it is. in tact, because it was thought unsafe
to agree to terms not sufficiently understood, and which
have not been explained.
It has been justly observed by Lord Dudley, that the
abolition of the discriminating duties must. under any
construction of the Act, have been an essential term in
the condition. The undersigned. in his note of Decent—
her 28. 1626, when observing that the words—" Cow
mace and navigation of this country," might have been

intended to include only the circuitous intercourse, ex-
pressly stated what was true, that 61 this last inter-
pretation had been suggested only by the observe
tions that bad occurred in the coarse of Mr. Can-
ning's correspondence with hini." Mr. Canning had
limited his animadversions on the Acts of the United
States to two enactments only—the discriminating du-
ties, and the restrictions on British vessels employed in
what bas been called the circuitous or indirect inter-
course. The specific proposal made by the United
States embraces those two objects. Having no ether
light but what was derived from the correspondence,
they presumed. without being certain that they were
not mistaken, that it might be accepted as a fulfilment
of the condition. The intimation that they would have
considered the removal of the interdict as a matter of
course, had it not been for Mr. Canning's declaration,
is clearly to be understood as founded on the supposi-
tion that they were not mistaken in the interpretation.
which, for the reasons that have been stated, they had
ventured to give t ► the Act of Parliament. But it can-
not certainly be inferred that, because, in framing a
proposal and reasoning upon it, they have been induced
to adopt, or rather to assume, a certain construction,
they no longer have, much less that they never bad,
well-founded doubts on the meaning of the Act.
It is rather remarkable that, after those doubts had
been so explicitly stated in the Note c f December 28,
1826, to Mr. Canning, he did not even advert to that
branch of the discussion in his reply of January 27,
1827, and still more so, that Lord Dudley, whilst com-
menting upon it, should have carefully avoided giving
any explanation, and, on the contrary, should have dis-
tinctly said, that be neither admitted nor denied that
construction which the undersigned had suggested as
being the literal, and which Lord Dudley designates as
the severer interpretation of the Act. The undersigned
is at a loss how to account for the reluctance which
seems to have been evinced of saying at once what was
truly intended by the condition so cfcen alluded to.
The final disposition of the Bill which had been in-
troduced for the repeal of the discriminating duties,
even if considered as an absolute rejection, proves only
that either it appeared to be unnecessary, as not fulfil-
ling all the conditions required by the Act of Parlia-
ment, or that the American Legislature relied on the'
issue of the expected negociations.
If the Government of the United States did not apply
to that of Great Britain for an explanation of the con-
dition, it was partly because the distance between the
two countries would have rendered such explanation
unavailable, in relation to any proceedings of Congress
during the pending Session, principally because entire
reliance was placed on the issue of the negociations,
since the Cabinet of Washington had concluded to with-
draw all the propositions which had heretofore pre-
vented an arrangement.
The reasons why not the slightest apprehension was
entertained of the determination of the British Govern-
ment to consider this as no longer a fit subject for nego-
tiations, have been repeatedly stated.
At the conclusion of the conferences of the year 1824,
between the Plenipotentiaries of the two countries, the
negociations were expressly stated to be suspended, by
the necessity of referring to Washington on some of the
subjects which had been discussed ; and the Plenipo-
tentiaries parted under circumstances which prevented,
for Me present, any further progress in the negociations.
Indeed those which have been carried on between his
Majesty's Plenipotentiaries and the undersigned, have
been so clearly considered as being generally the con-
tinuation of the negociations of 1824. that, at their first
conference, and in relation to the subject first taken up.
the British Plenipotentiaries observed 66 that a proposal
of settlemeat on that subject having been offered on the
part of Great Britain, during the course of the negocia-
tions in 1824, which proposal had been taken by the
American Plenipotentiary fur reference to his Govern-
ment, they presumed that Mr. Gallatin was prepared to
give an answer to that, or to offer some new proposal."
And the American Plenipotentiary did accordingly
substitute another proposal for that which bad been
made by Mr. Rush in 1824.
There was, therefore, a perfect understanding be-
tween the two Governments in that respect. His Ma-
jesty's Minister at Washington, in conformity with it,
announced, in March, 1826, to the Government of the
United States, that his own was preparing to proceed
in the important negociations between the two coun-
tries, that a new Plenipotentiary had been appointed on
the part of Great Britain, and that the negotiations
would, therefore, be forthwith resumed.
No exception had been made, none was at that time
suggested to be intended on the part of Great Britain,
with respect to the Colonial intercourse.
Lord Dudley has taken no notice of the circum-
stances which so naturally induced the American Go-
vernment to rely on the ensuing negotiation, as the
means of regulating the intercourse in a manner satis-
factory and beneficial to both countries. But, referring
to a letter of December, 1825, from Mr. Clay to a
Member of Conn sr, he has expressed his astonishment
that it could have been supposed that the British Go-
vernment did not mean so to construe the Act of July,

1825, as to comprehend the United States within it
and that, if it had been at first presumed that they would
be excepted by a special Order in Council, that expecta-
tion should have been unshaken, when, after six months,
no such order had been issued, nor any intimation given
to that effect.
It has not been believed by the Government of the
United States that, in case an arrangement was not
made by treaty, they would, nevertheless, by special
favour, be permanently exempted from the general
operation of the Act. But it was presumed that Great
Britain, under- the expectation of a favourable issue of
the negociations that were to be forthwith resumed,
would suspend the operation of the Act, in regard to
the United States, until the result of those negociations
was ascertained. In what manner that suspension
would be effected was not known.
Mr. Clay's letter is written entirely in that spirit. He
did not believe that it was intended by the British Go-
vernment, that the Act of July, 1825, should disturb
the trade between the British Colonies and the United ,
States, first and principally, because it would be incon-
sistent with negociations between the two Governments,
contemplated, if not yet resumed. Had it not been that
it had been announced by the authorities at Halifax,
that it was intended to close that port against American
vessels, he would have been strongly inclined to think,
that the intercourse was inonded to continue to be
regulated by the former Acts of Parliament. If the Ha-
lifax construction should prove to be correct, he was
persuaded that an'exception in favour of the American
trade would be made by a special Order in Council.
It is true that no such order was issued, and equally
true that, after the lapse of a few weeks, deither Mr.
Clay, nor any other person in America, expected that
it would be issued. For the Halifax construction bar-
ing been abandoned, and chat, as well as all the other
British colonial ports, remaining open to American
vessels after the day when the Act of Parliament was
to take effect, it was concluded without further investi-
gation, that that Act was not intended, at least for a