The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1839-07-19 00:00:00

SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE HOME DEPARTMENT.

" We, the undersigned inhabitants of the borough of Bir-
mingham, and chiefly resident or having property in High-
street and the Bull-ring, in the said borough, beg to repre-
sent to your lordship that from about half-past eight to a
quarter to ten o'clock last night, the 15th of July, the pro-
perty and lives of your memorialists were left unprotected to
the violence of an organised mob, although full and authen-
ticated information had been early given to the mayor and
magistrates of the borough of the intentions and plans of the
rioters. Your memorialists, therefore, feeling that the mayor
and magistrates have been guilty of a gross dereliction of their
duty, request your lordship forthwith to institute such pro-
ceedings as are necessary for bringing them to trial for their
misconduct, and that you will in the mean time suspend them
from any further controul or interference in protecting the
lives of your memorialists and their fellow-townsmen, and
in preserving the peace of the borough."

(From the Morning Herald of Yesterday.)

BIRMINGHAM, THESDAY ThC excitement of the
public mind is still very great here ; but the cause is to be
found more in the recollections of the imbecility and in-
decision of the magistracy than in any real danger. Now,
that the houses of the inhabitants have been pillaged and
burnt by a mob of vagabonds and thieves, which might have
been dispersed by 50 resolute men, the magistracy would ap-
pear to be extremely active, as well in preventing open air
meetings, as in apprehending those who attend or indeed
come in the neighbourhood of them. Whether they will be
found to act in the hour of danger is a matter of some doubt
with many. The indignation of the inhabitants at the ex-
traordinary indecision of the magistrates is both deep and
general, and the questions heard in every quarter and among
all classes still are—" Where could the magistrates have
been? What could they have been thinking about? Ought
they not be compelled to make good the losses incurred
by pillage and tire? And the inhabitants may well ask
these questions, for this gross outrage in the midst of
our chief manufacturing town was, in a great measure,
it would appear, commenced and indeed carried on by
mere boys. They were observed to be the most active
in assisting to break into the houses, and in furnishing
materials with which to destroy the shop fronts and windows.
A considerable number of persons have been brought be-
fore the magistrates to-day, on the charge of illegally assem-
bling at Holloway-head, and others for robbery at the fires
in the Bull-ring on Monday night. The circumstances at-
tending the apprehension of the prisoners had something of
the appearance of novelty in them. The chief evidence
against them was the serjeant of the rifle brigade, who de-
posed that he was at Holloway-bead on the previous night,
saw the prisoners there, and that they were taken into cus-
tody by the men under his command. There was not, in the
majority of the cases, any evidence whatever given beyond
the fact of the prisoners having been apprehended in the
vicinity of or crossing Holloway-head. Several of the pri-
soners most solemnly declared that they were not only not
present for the purpose of attending any chartist meeting,
but that they were most averse to the proceedings of the
chartists. In some of these cases the masters of the pri-
soners gave evidence as to the bad odour in which the
latter held chartist principles. Many of the persons exa-
mined bad the best possible characters given to them by
their masters, who attended and bailed them. It was
very evident that the military had in this matter seized
persons who were merely making their way home from work.
In one case it was proved that a poor fellow who bore an ev-
cellent chardcter was seized by a soldier in his own house,
which he had not been out of for half an hour previous to
the arrival of the military.
Arrests continue to be made. In possession of one of the
persons apprehended this morning there was found a pike
(it was exhibited before the magistrates) of a very formi-
dable description.

The folloWing notice was circulated yesterday:
" The Riot Act has been read this morning. All persons
are required not to assemble in the streets, as the magistrates
have given orders to the troops to act against every one so
offending. They are also strictly enjoined not to be out of
their houses after eight o'clock at night, as the magistrates
cannot hold themselves responsible for any accidents or in-
juries that may occur to parties neglecting this notice. By
order of the mayor and magistrates,"W. H. GEM,
ARTHUR RYLAND,
WILLIAM BARLOW,
" July 16,1839." _ Clerks.

It is rumoured that a large number of men have turned out
at Dudley, and that considerable alarm exists among the in-
habitants of that town.

The yeomanry of the adjoining counties were last night
brought to the suburbs of the town, and have been quartered
on the respectable inhabitants, where they will remain until
the present excited state of the town has entirely subsided. -
'THURSDAY EVENING.--No further outbreak took place
this day, and probably the steps that have at length been
taken will prevent any further serious rioting. _ We are
Quite tinahip to give any particulars of tha extiounaLiun or
the prisoners which took place to-day.

NOVEL IMPORTATION.—The steam-ship Montrose, Capt.
Murray, which arrived at Downe's wharf, Lower East Smith-
field, on Sunday, from Montrose, brought about six tons of
perriwinkles for the London market!
A minute was on Saturday signed by the lords of the trea-
sury, giving their assent to the design for the monument to
Lord Nelson, selected by the committee. The committee
cannot, however, proceed to the erection of the monument
until the commissioners of woods and forests shall have de-
termined upon the necessary arrangements as to its site, or
rather, as to the alterations which the erection of the monu-
ment may render necessary in Trafalgar Square.
EXTENSIVE FRAUD.—ADULTERATED BUTTER.—A me-
morial has just been presented to the lord provost and ma-
gistrates, by the victuallers of the city of Glasgow, complain-
ing of a quantity of adulterated butter imported from Ireland,
a melted sample of which they produce, and which certainly
has more the appearance of verdigris, and dirty chalk than
good wholesome butter. The complainers, in their petition
say, that in consequence of certain statements in the public
prints respecting the adulteration of butter, a meeting was
held to consider the same, when it appeared to all present
that a very general fraud was committed in the sale of adul-
terated butter, disposed of under the name of repacks, to an
extent little known and scarcely credible. It is stated that
there are 10,000 casks of this adulterated butter annually im-
ported from Londonderry alone valued at £20,000, twenty-
five or nearly thirty per cent. of which is not butter at all,
but adulterated stuff, coloured with certain ingredients which
are considered to be detrimental to the health of the com-
munity. In addition to all this, the memorialists allege that
an equal quantity is imported annually from other quarters ;
so that thereby a fraud to the extent of not less than £lO,OOO
annually is committed on the public, even at the rate of 25
per cent. The memorialists also state that they believe the
adulteration to be on the increase, and, of course, crave of
the lord provost and magistrates to adopt such measures for
the suppression of the evil as may prove effectual. This is
certainly a most important matter, and we have no doubt the
authorities will do everything in their power to check the
evil.— Glasgow Constitutional.
ATTEMPT AT FRAUD ON THE GRAND JUNCTION BAIL-
WAY.—On Tuesday, a decently-dressed man took a ticket
at the station, Liverpool-road, in this town, for Warrington ;
but when the train arrived there, he kept his seat, and after
being allowed to proceed as far as Crewe, his ticket was de-
manded, and of course it was found that he had then gone
much further than he was entitled to do. He admitted, we
believe, that he intended to go forward to Birmingham, where
he intended to seek work. However, he was brought back
to this town, and was given into custody of the borough po-
lice last evening. Whether the borough magistrates have
jurisdiction in a case of this nature, which perhaps would
not become an offence until they had entered Cheshire, is
more than we can say, not having the Company's act at hand
to refer to.—Manchester Guardian.

DISGRACEFUL CONDUCT OF A MOTIIER.—A woman,
named Alice Allan, was brought up at the New Bailey on
Monday last, charged with deserting her children, under the
following circumstances :—Mr. Diggles, the deputy consta-
ble of Salford, stated that the prisoner had four children,
and was in work. On Saturday night she received her wages,
which amounted to 10s. ; but, instead of going home. and
providing for her children, sfie spent the night elsewhere ;
and, indeed, had not, yet been home. On that (Monday)
morning he heard of the circumstance, and went to her house,
when he found that the children had been left without a
morsel of food in the house since Saturday ; and lie was in-
formed, that one of the neighbours, on going in the preceding
day, found one of the children picking up a little meal from
the floor. He afterwards apprehended her drinking gin in a
vault. The prisoner had nothing to say in her defence, and
she was ordered to find two sureties to answer the charge of
misdemeanour at the next sessions.—Manchester Guardian.

ROCHDALE CHURCH-RATE.—After an unexampled con-
test, which commenced on 'Monday, and was continued until
six o'clock on Friday night, the rate was carried by a ma-
jority of eleven votes. The poll was opened on every day at
twelve o'clock precisely, and closed as exactly at four, ex-
cepting on Friday, when, in consequence of finding, that a
considerable number of persons had not voted, and could not
vote in the time specified, the vicar, with the consent of both
parties, prolonged the poll until six o'clock. The votes on
the five days were declared as follows :
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday 437 349
Thursday 467 738
Friday

2897 2886
Majority for the rate 11
ERRORS OF THE CIVIL REGISTRATION ACT.-It appears
by a statement made by Mr. Goulbourn in the House of
Commons on Thursday night, that the return of births and
deaths Of the metropolitan parishes, as furnished by the Re-
gistrar-General, gives the deaths at 53.511, while the births
are only 37,735. This is the formal and official return, while
it is notorious that the population is increasing, and that the
births exceed the deaths. Then in St. George's parish,
Hanover-square, the births are set down in the civil registry
of the last year at 878, while the books of the vestry show
that 1306 were baptised. In Marylebone the civil register
record 8700 deaths, and but 5500 births.

THE NATURE OF WHIGGISM.—In after times, if England,
by the help of great councillors, shall renew her strength,
and be capable of growing wiser by the misfortunes of her
ancestry, men will reap from our age the true knowledge of
Whiggism. They w ill see with what fatal facility it is hatch-
ed—like the serpents eggs—in any soil which supplies but
heat and corruption; with what suddenness, like the serpent,
it matures its venom, and with what dangerous strength it
recovers from the torpidity in which it seemed dead, and
swells into public mischief. It will alike see with what readi-
ness it creeps to heights where nobler natures cannot climb,
and marks its slippery way by its trail, defiling all that it can-
not devour, and adding the sentiment of disgust to danger
and ruin. Yet we do not recollect to have ever seen even
Whiggism exhibited in so low a condition as the present.
The Whiggism of Fox and Grey was vicious; but it is now
vulgar. Their wild boar, that tore down the fences of the
constitution, was a sufficiently savage and stubborn brute;
but he is now wallowing in the mire, a "porcus de yrege
epicuri," fed on palace offal, and happy to sun himself and
sleep ale basest rejections of the public stehle,—T.AB

THE GOSPEL, AND THE GOSPEL ONLY, THE
BASIS OF EDUCATION:
A SERMON, PREACHED IN ST. PETER'S CHURCH, LIVERPOOL.

BY WALTER FARQUHAR HOOK, D.D.
VICAR OF LEEDS, AND CHAPLAIN IN ORDINARY TO HER MAJESTY

[The following Sermon has been published in deference to the wish
expressed in a requisition, signed by twenty clergymen who were
present when it was delivered, and to whom it is respectfully and
affectionately inscribed.]

MARE xvi. 15, 16.
" And he Said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and preach
the Gospel to every creature. He that believeth and is baptized
shall be saved."

In the command here given by our blessed Lord to His
Apostles and their successors,-we clearly perceive the great
object we ought to have in view in all the instructions we
give either directly, as clergy, from our pulpits, or indirectly,
clergy and laity united, in our schools,—namely, the propa.
gation of the Gospel, the propagation of those truths of reve-
lation which shall lead men to Christ. In justice to those
persons who, with feelings the most conscientious, are from
circumstances, induced to take of the great subject of national
education a view rather political than religious, and yet would
defer to the sentiments of others whose authority in matters
purely religious they respect, this fact ought to be fully,
frankly, and unequivocally stated,—the fact that when we
speak of an education based on religion, we mean by religion,
the Gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ, and nothing else,—the
fact that we desire in our schools not merely that the Bible
may be read, but that the Gospel may be taught.
And why has there been hitherto any hesitation in assert-
ing this? Why has the real state of the question been kept
in the back-ground ? It is because our friends are well award
that the assertion of this principle must at once lead to the
question, What is the Gospel? Let the question be asked,
and each sect is heard to give a different answer ; Arminian
sects saying one thing; Calvinistic sects anathematizing the
Arminians, and saying the reverse ; Socinian sects con-
demning both. Stunned by this Babel of discordant sounds,
the practical politician is led to the conclusion, that, amid
these various contradictions, no answer can be found. And
our opponents, in all the triumph of a bitter sarcasm, ex-
claim, in their public discussions, The Gospel! aye, but what
is the Gospel? what is Christianity? (1) what is the truth?
Yes, it comes at last to this,—to the insinuation that di-
vine truth is nowhere to be found. Contemplating the dif-
ferences which exist amongthose who profess and call them-
selves Christians, practical men who 'have not given to the
subject that attention which its importance demands, insinu-
ate that to ascertain divine truth is impossible ; that for one
man to assert that he possesses the truth, thereby implying
that his opponent has it not, is uncharitable and popish. (2)
Alas ! even pious persons, until what they think a funda-
mental doctrine is attacked, are too much inclined to coun-
tenance this delusion Looking to truth rather in its applica-
tion than in its reality, they lead to the conclusion that di-
vine truth is not objective but merely subjective. But, how-
ever the error may arise, let us not shut our eyes to the ac-
tual state of the case. If, as it is insinuated, there is no such
thing to be ascertained as divine truth, then, of course, one
of two things must follow : either, God has not revealed His
will to man ; or, He has so revealed it as to make it worse
than no revelation, since it is impossible for man to know
what the revelation really is. If there be a revelation, and
that revelation be intelligible, then, of course, divine truth is
discoverable ; and it is a question, not of charity, but of fact,
whether we know what the truth revealed is. If we have the
truth, and others are opposed to it when we assert it, it is a
mere matter of fact, having nothing to do with charity one
way or the other, that we are not, and that they are, in error.
The want of charity would be, indeed, in our not endeavour-
ing to propagate it. We may be called presumptuous, but
a little charitable presumption is sometimes necessary. The
philosopher presumes, when he acts as if he knew more than
an idiot; but when we see him employing his superior wisdom
to save that idiot from impending but.unperceived destruction,
we pardon his presumption in admiration of his charity. And
many a wise man after the flesh is in spiritual things little
better that an idiot, simply because to those things he has
not sought grace to direct his mind, while he ventures, cer-
tainly not in humility, to dogmatise on a subject on which he
is notoriously ignorant.
To sum up the whole matter: Is there a revelation? If
there be, then the truth is discoverable. Is the truth not as-
certainable ? If it be not, then there is no revelation ; or if
there be, that revelation is a mockery. Either, then, cease
to profess yourself to be a Christian, or if you do profess to
lie a Christian, while you earnestly implore the aid of God
the Holy Ghost, labour with all the powers of your mind to
discover that truth as it is in Jesus, compared with which we
may well count all other knowledge to be as dung.
Now this is precisely what is meant by the Gospel,—the
truth as it is in Jesus. The question is, how are we to as-
certain what this is ; and in answering this question we are
brought immediately into controversy with the Romanist ;
for the Romanist adduces as part of the council of God, as a
portion of the truth as it is in Jesus, doctrines not contained
in Holy Scripture. And the point to he debated with the
Romanist is, not whether it is possible that a doctrine may
have been revealed which is not contained in Scripture, for
this unquestionably is possible, but the simple fact, how can
you prove that any doctrine which is not in Scripture has
come by inspiration from God. Where is the proof ? We
refuse to receive any such doctrine as an article of faith be-
cause your proof of its being a part of Goll's revelation to
man is defective. For what mean we by t/16 Scriptures ? By
the Scriptures we mean the volume which contains all of
those sacred books, of which the plenary inspiration can be
proved. Prove the plenary inspiration of any book whatever,
and we at once admit that it ought to form part of Holy
Scripture ; but, relying as we do on the testimony, not of the
Church of Rome, not of the Church of England, but of the
Chin ch Universal, we assert, on the authority of the Univer-
sal Church, that such proof of plenary inspiration can be
brought in favour of no other books except those which we
receive as canonical.

But if " Holy Scripture containeth all things necessary to
salvation ;" the conclusion of course is, that " Whatsoever is
not read therein, nor may be proved thereby, is not to be re-
quired of any man that it should be believed as an article of
faith, or be thought requisite or necessary to salvation." (3)
Here, then, is a principle, which unprejudiced common
sense must at once admit : deferring as we do, and as the Ro-
manist does not, to the testimony of the universal Church,
we receive the Bible, and the Bible only, not indeed as our
religion, but as our Rule of Faith. "To the law and to the
testimony: if they speak not according to this word," we
say of every preacher,—of every framer of a theological sys-
tpm, it 4. 5x....• is no light in them. Every
preacher w teacher is bound to prove that any doctrine he
propounds is scriptural.
But our opponent asserts that, admitting this, we have ad-
vanced no way in solving the difficulty, since the doctrines
which Protestant sects and parties elicit from Scripture are
different, and very oft= contradictory. The objection, you
observe, is this—that Scripture gives an uncertain sound;
that it has no definite meaning, which is, of course, tanta-
mount to saying that it has no meaning at all ; for that which
may mean anything can mean nothing certain. But this is
absurd : it is manifestly absurd to say of any book that it
was written without any definite meaning ; that the writer
intended it to be understood in any sense that the reader
might be pleased to put upon it. Therefore, besides the
Bible, it is absolutely necessary that we should have some
plain rule laid down to guide us in the interpretation of the
Bible, to lead us to the right sense of the Bible, to enable us
to know, not what the Bible can by ingenious men be made
to say, but what the Lord our God has revealed.

NOW this has for for some time past, not only been over-
looked, butabsolutely denied, by many well meaning Chris-
tians. But circumstances have now occurred, sufficient, we
may hope, to convince them of their error. Making the
Bible a kind of idol, they have emulated the idol-makers at
Ephesus, and have been calling out, the Bible, and the Bible
only,—the Bible, and the Bible only, is the religion of Pro-
testants. (4) And now the ministers of the Crown have taken
them at their word. They have heard men talk of an educa-
tion to be based on religion, and they have said, the educa-
tion we propose shall be based on religion ; they have heard
men declare that the Bible, and the Bible only, is their reli-
gion, and they have answered, the Bible shall be introduced
into our schools, and the Bible shall be the only religious
book so introduced ; they have heard men declaiming on the
right of private judgment, and they have offered to grant that
right to the parent of every child in these schools. How-
ever mistaken they may have been, their intentions were,
doubtless, honest; and they had a fair right to expect that
their measures would be received with enthusiasm by all, ex-
cept a few bigoted unenlightened high-churchmen, who, for
refusing to assent to these propositions, had been assailed in
a manner rather hard to be reconciled to the common notions
entertained of Christian charity. But the practical evil
likely to result from the adoption by government of the prin-
ciple long and vehemently advocated in ultra-protestant pub-
lications, was immediately apparent. For no sect, no party,
act more consistently on the principle, that the Bible, and
the Bible only, as interpreted by each man's private judg-
ment, is the Christian religion, than those who assume to
themselves the denomination of " Unitarians." But by us
Churchmen, by the Universal Church, theirs is regarded as a
God-denying heresy, and they are ranked among the most
insidious enemies of the Gospel. And in this view of the
subject, we are joined by the more respectable sects of Dis-
senters. The danger, then, of allowing national schools to
be so arranged, as to authorise " Unitarian" teachers to
draw from Scripture inferences subversive of all Gospel
truth, was recognised; and with an inconsistency at which I
rejoice, those very Churchmen, who had been most loud in
their cry of, The Bible, and the Bible only, in their loyalty to
Christian truth, have united with their more consistent bre-
thren, of what is nick-named the high-church party ; and,
by opposing the Government scheme, have virtually declared,
that, if we wish to ascertain what our God has revealed,
something more than the Bible is necessary ; namely, some
clearly defined system for the interpretation of the Bible.
Of the necessity of this, the Reformers, foreign as well as
domestic, had a clear perception, as every one else must
have, if they will impartially consider the subject. As in a
great sphere, it is impossible for the limited vision of man to
take in Ala once, but now this side, now that, must be e.x-
hibited to him ; so it is with respect to Scripture, wherein
first one truth, then another is gradually, and often inciden-
tally brought to light, while their connexion and their bear-
ing upon the whole of Revelation cannot always he clearly
seen. There is danger, that, when insisting on one doctrine,
we shall so exaggerate its importance, as to make it contra-
dict another doctrine by which it ought to be qualified ; that
when our attention is, by the circumstances under which we
are placed, directed to one class of duties, we shall overlook
another class of duties ; that we shall not perceive the pro-
portion which parts have to the whole. Hence, to arrive at
the truth, we must, besides having recourse to humble
prayer, compare spiritual things with spiritual, we must com-
pare one Scripture with another, and with respect to each
separate text, we must interpret it according to the analogy
of faith. And to supply us with this analogy of faith, to as-
sist us in arriving at the truth, by enabling us to overcome
these difficulties, the Church provides us with her creeds and
confessions of faith, her articles and formularies. Nothing
can be more absurd than the conduct of modern ultra-Pro-
testants, who, while pretending to be the only mai defenders
of the Reformation, unite with the Papists in denouncing, as
contrary to Protestantism, the use of creeds, confessions,
articles, and formularies, as if they were additions to Scrip-
ture. To add to Scripture, were indeed to bring down God's
curse upon us ; and it is because of her additions to Scrip-
ture, no doubt, that the curse of God hangs over the Church
of Rome, a cloud blackening her horizon, and prepared to
burst in thunder upon her (unless she reform), in that storm
of destruction in which, when anti-Christ shall come, all
will be involved, who have in any measure been his type, as
Popery undoubtedly is. But by our creeds, and articles, and
formularies, and confessions, we do not seek to make any
additions to God's word, any more than by making a map of
our country, or by supplying a traveller with a guide-book,
we should be seeking to add to our territories. Creeds, con-
fessions, and articles, are intended only to supply us with a
general outline of revealed doctrine, by adhering to which
you will be able to put the right construction on what is
written in Scripture. This was the object of Luther and
Melancthon, when they drew up their confessions of faith ;
this the object for which Zuinglius and Cavin wrote, when
they discovered the system of Luther to be defective ; to cor-
rect the errors of Calvin's system was tie design of Armi-

1 What is Christianity? was the question asked by Lord
Broughaka of the assembled sectarians, when it was discussed
whether instruction in the principles of Christianity should
be given in the University of London. His acute mind at
once perceived the difficulty. _

2 This was repeatedly said in the late debates in the House
of Commons on the education question, and said, too, rather
inconsistently by the very advocates of Popery.
3 See Article VI.

4 There are, I fear, Bible worshippers, men who think that
if you believe in the Bible, you believe all that is useful. But
what we are required to believe is, what God has revealed ;
and if we so read the Bible, as not to understand from it
what God's.reiielatiou.,reallxist Avg read thpj3ibia, Qf cPurg't
in vain.

nius and Episcopius ; and to improve or to correct some one
or all of these older systems of theology, is the cause why
sects innumerable are continually starting into existence. I
am not vindicating the particular system of any one of these
illustrious theologians ; I only allude to these facts to show
that they recognised the principle, that to guide men to the
truth of Revelation, something besides Scripture is neces-
sary ; and that they did not consider the use of a theologi-
cal system to imply, of necessity, an addition to Scripture.
Whether the systems propounded by them did, peradventure,
add to Scripture, is quite another question, to which allusion
will be hereafter made: It is, indeed, a ridiculous self-de-
ception for any parties to deny that they are influenced in
the interpretation of Scripture by some system extrinsical of
Scripture, merely because they do not formally subscribe to
some confession of faith. For if they do not formally swear
to the words of Luther, or of Calvin, or of Arminius, or of
Socinius, they receive' the system of some one or other of
these theologians as tradition : else, what is meant by the
denomination they assume? What is meant, when a man
calls himself a Calvanist, but that he adheres to Calvin's
system, if not as read in his writings, yet certainly received
ds a tradition in his sect or party ? What is meant by an
Arminian, a Wesleyan, an Irvingite, but ore who adheres to
the system of interpreting and harmonising Scripture—to the
general scheme of doctrine invented by one or either of these
eminent men? Thus it is that all parties tacitly admit, if
they do not, as we do, openly avow, that in order to ascer-
tain what the Gospel really is, what the truths are which
Scripture actually propounds, what is it that God in very
truth reveals, the interpreters of Scripture require some sys-
tem for their guidance, either written or traditional. And
the real question is, not whether some system is needed, but
what is the right system.

But our opponent still objects, that, even admitting this,
the difficulty ig.not solved, for how are we to decide what the
right system is? And I answer, Let prejudice be set aside,
and common sense will suffice to direct us in our decision.

It will be plausibly said by some persons, that we must
test any system proposed for our adoption for Scripture, and
then abide by that which is scriptural. But what is one of
the chief objects for which a system is required ? is it not to
guide the inquirer to the true sense of Scripture ? To refer;
then, to Scripture to prove that any particular system is the
correct one, is merely to argue in a circle. You may be able
to ascertain that it does not contradict the clear and undis-
puted statements of Scripture ; and if it do this, of course,
you will at once reject it. But there are very few doctrines
which are not disputed ; and when you come to these, you
must remember that each system that is presented to us by
Protestants professes to be scriptural. When you pronounce,
then, on any one system, that it is exclusively scriptural,
what is it that you do but beg the whole question, and as-
sume, without proof, the very point which it is your business
to prove? The very thing that the Arminian says of the
Calvanist, on the points wherein they differ, is that the Cal-
vinist system is unscriptural; and this again is the very
thing that the Calvinist predicates of the Arminian. Who is
to decide? Will you take the decision upon yourself? But
why should you be more infallible than he is, upon whom
you presume to sit in judgment? Are you more learned,
more wise, than Arminius or than Calvin, both among the
most learned men of their respective ages ? Will you say
that you have prayed, and that therefore you feel sure that
you are guided by the Holy Spirit unto the truth ? But what
is this but an uncharitable insinuation that he who takes a
different view of Scripture truth from yourself has not
prayed?_ And what right have you, with an uncharitable
Judgment, to assume this ? We know it, as an historical
fact, that most of the founders of sects and systems have de-
clared that their prayer to be guided into truth has been
earnest and frequent. What right have you, in any case, to
assume that in saying so, one man was, and the other was
not, a hypocrite? It is on the moral nature, not on the in-
tellectual, except so far as the intelleetual is influenced by
the moral, that the Holy Spirit operates when he prepares
our minds, not so much to discover what the truth is, as to
receive it with humility when discovered.
In order, then, to decide what system we ought to adopt,
we must inquire into the general principle on which that sys-
tem professes to be based—the principle by which those were
influenced who drew up the system.
Now let us ask the Arminian on what ground he recom-
mends his system : his answer is, that his system is the
Scripture system, having been deduced from Scripture by
Arminius, a great, a good, a learned, and a pious man ; he
prayerfully studied the Bible, and in that harmony of Scrip-
ture doctrine drawn up by him you may confide : true, is the
reply ; but Arminius was not 'infallible, and for embracing
his system the Calvinist consigns me to perdition. But then
was his the authority on which the Calvinistic system rests ?
The same answer is to be given, that Calvin was a great, a
good, a learned, and a pious man ; he prayerfully consulted
the Scriptures, and his is the scriptural system : true, is the
reply ; but Calvin, after all, was but a fallible man ; why
should he be more right than Servetus, whom he condemned
to death? We can only adopt one or other of these systems,
either as a tradition,—a tradition of no value, since it origi-
nates merely in the dicta of uninspired man,—or a system
originating in one whom we are willing, from certain circum-
stances, though directly in opposition to the plain injunctions
of Scripture, to call our master ; or as a system which we
take it upon ourselves to pronounce to be scriptural, which,
as I have shown, is a mere petitio princpii. Ido not think,
then, unprejudiced common sense would lead us to rely on
these. With respect to the modern Unitarian, there is some
difference, though it is more apparent than real. He says, I
take the Bible, and the Bible only, without reference or de-
ference to any system ; but in fact he defers to his own par-
ticular reason. Out of his own opinions he forms a system
for himself, and thus makes his own opinions to be of equal
authority with Scripture ; and then, when he finds that the
Bible and his own opinions do not accord, he has recourse to
his Lexicons and all the apparatus of verbal criticism, to see
if he cannot force upon Scripture a different meaning from
that which it ordinarily bears. (5) The Romanist is as bad,
if not worse ; for he interprets Scripture according to the
sense which his own particular Church has arbitarily put
upon it, either at or since the Council cf Trent.
But now let us see whether there is not some system not
liable to these objections, according to which we may obtain
a certain sound,—a definite sense, from the Bible. Suppose
we were desirous of ascertaining the meaning of some book,
referring to usuages and doctrines formerly existing. There
would of course, as there is in the Bible, be many things so
plain that there could not be two opinions with respect to
them on the part of those capable of understanding the lan-
guage in which it was written. But on those many points of
Importance on which there might be a di-vision or opinion,
what would be thd course which common sense would sug-
gest for our adoption? Should we not think that the sense
in which the book had been understood by all who had con-
versed with the writer, (if their had been several writers,
the case would be the stronger) most probably the correct
sense ? Should we nbt feel this the more powerfully, if the
writers, before composing the book, had been accustomed to
converse on its subject-matter—if they had desired the per-
sons with whom they conversed to treasure up their doc-
trines, to keep them as a sacred deposit, and to hand them
on to their posterity ; and if these persons had been their
devoted disciples ? And if we find that in providing for us
a system for the better understanding of Scripture, those
who drew up that system had an especial regard to this prin-
ciple, should we not conclude that this system is the system
most worthy of adoption? should we not say these persons
went the right way to work ? And so did the English Re-
formers frame their system on Scripture, and on Scripture
only; but wherever Scripture had been doubtful or ambigu-
ous, instead of deferring to the conjectures of an individual
critic, they have understood it in the sense in which it was
understood by those early Christians who had been con-
versant with the Apostles, and who treasured up their teach-
ing as the apple of their eye. To ascertain this sense, on all
important points,—on all those doctrines on which, and on
which only man has a right to dogmatize, was comparatively
easy, because the same system for the interpretation of Scrip-
ture had been universally adopted in the primitive Church.
Whenever a doubt was raised as to the sense in which'Scrip-
ture was to be understood, the. inquiry among orthodox
Christians was not,—what can such or such a learned man
make Scripture say (for that was the course adopted by here-
tics), but what did our predecessors in the faith receive from
their fathers—their fathers, who received their doctrine from
the Apostles themselves. If a difficulty occurred, inquiry
was made as to the fact of what had been taught from the
beginning, not in one Church only, but in all the Churches
throughout the world, either corresponding by letter or
meeting in council. It was soon noised abroad it a preacher
deviated from this received system : as we can ourselves
easily understand, for if a person brought up in obedience to
Calvinistic tradition, if A person always accustomed to hear
the Bible interpreted in the Calvinistic sense, enters a
sanctuary where the • Bible is interpreted according to the
tradition of the Church, he immediately, almost as it were
by intuition, detects that the Scriptures are expounded in a
sense different from that to which he has been accustomed ;
and with the intolerant presumption of his party he denounces
the preacher as one who does not preach the Gospel,—the
Gospel and Calvinistic tradition being identified in his mind.
This shows how easily the primitive Christians could detect
any deviation led to the inquiry, first, as to the plain mean-
ing was disputed, as to the sense in which it had been under-
stood from the beginning. If, then, this as the principle on
which the English Reformers invariably acted, and none but
a man blind by prejudice beyond all conviction can deny that
they did so act ; if their system tell us not what is taught by
the Bible and Luther, not what is taught by the Bible and
Calvin, not what is taught by the Bible•and any uninspired
individual, but what the Bible, as understood by the primi-
tive Christians, reveals ; does not common sense, I ask
again, suggest that this must be the right system ?(6) And
this is the system provided for us by our wise-hearted Re-
fOrmers in the Book of Common Prayer. All the offices of
the Prayer-Book are ancient offices : for we are not to sup-
pose that the Liturgy was the invention of a few Reformers
three centuries ago. You may still find in the breviary and
missal of the Roman Church 'the prayers and devotions
which we of the Church of England still use ; our Reformers
were maligned as papists for retaining theta ; all that they
did was to reform the old Liturgies used in the Church of
England from those additions and abuses which had crept
into them during the middle ages, through an endeavour, in
each age, to adapt the ritual to the spirit of the age. The
sin of the Roman Church is, that it has retained these novel-
ties, in 'doctrine and practice, which, because they were
novelties, were abscinded by our Reformers, who retained in,
the Liturgy all that was ancient and catholic, rejecting all
that was new and peculiar. In doing this, our Reformers,
intent on pleasing the people, not on gaining popularity, not
on consulting the spirit of the age, but on establishing and
maintaining the truth as it is in Jesus, compared the ancient
Liturgies of the Church of England, in the first instance,
with Scripture, discarding at once what was plainly and
palpably contrary thereto ; such customs, for example, as
praying in an unknown tongue, and seeking the intercession
of dead saints : they then compared them with the ancient
rituals, renouncing all usages not clearly primitive ; and
studying deeply the writings of the Fathers, they embodied
the doctrines which had been universally received in the
primitive Church in that which is the result and glory
of their labours, the Book of Common Prayer.(7) And

5 By contending with " Unitarians" on their own sys-
tem, instead of attacking the system itself, those who defend
the cause of orthodoxy, but not on Church principles, are,
in their public discussions with " Unitarians," sometimes
apt to do injury to the cause to the defence of which they
have rashly come.
6 It is very true, that to understand the Old Testament
thoroughly, we must be acquainted with the language, anti-
quities, customs, and modes of thinking prevalent among the
Jews : at the same time, we may observe, that since the New
Testament is a commentary on the whole, it is not very likely
when we have ascertained the doctrines of the New Testa-
ment, that we shall fall into dangerous error when studying
the Old.

7. Here is a point on which I venture to differ from the
great, and good, and pious writers of the Oxford Tracts.
We are all agreed, as the English Reformers were, in our
deference to primitive tradition. But there appears to be a
diflerepce of opinion between some of the Tract writers,
following herein the non-jurors, and the Reformers, as to
the. value of certain usages, which, according to the learned
writers of the Tracts, ought to have been retained at the
Reformation. Now no one can doubt of the patristical
learning of Ridley, and Parker, and even of Cranmer. The
question then for plain persons to decide is this, Shall we on
certain points give credit to the Reformers who thought
such usages not to be primitive and essential, or shall we
give credit to the Oxford Tracts which assert that these are
primitive and essential? I confess that in all such points
I should recommend people to defer to the Reformers, since
their authority is more established than that of our contem-
poraries. I am aware that the answer is, that the judgment
of the Reformers may have been warped on certain questions
by a strong pressure from without, and that, as I fear we all
of us sometimes almost unconsciously are, they were some-
times influenced by motives of expediency. And this is un-
doubtedly true. But then it is equally true, that in their
zealto couqtera9t.th4 4ra.protestant spirit which is in our
age loading to Mfitlelity, the judißent of the pious and

this it is which supplies us with an answer to those who,
when we speak of primitive tradition, observe that this is all
very well for the learned, but what are the unlearned to do ?
We point to the Prayer-Book in reply, and say, in taking
the Prayer-Book for your guide to the right understanding
of Scripture, the whole Prayer-Book, catechism, articles,
baptismal office, office for the Eucharist, office for the
ordaining of bishops, priests, and deacons, you take for your
guide the consentient voice of the universal primitive Church.
I may add, that it is the privilege of the English Prayer-Book
to be the only work which even professes thus to preserve
and embody the primitive tradition. For the Church of
Rome, be it observed, does not profess even to defer to anti-
quity. We have already seen that the ultra-protestants do
actually bend to tradition (though not the primitive tradition)
while they reject the word. The papist, on the contrary,
retains the word, perceiving its vast importance in argument,
but rejects the thing, for by tradition in the Church of Rome
is meant, not the ancient doctrines of the ancient Church,
by which the Church of Rome is as much condemned as by
the Bible, but whatever the particular Church of Rome has
at any time, or may at this time decree. (8)
So much misrepresentation has taken place with re-
ference to those, who, with all the great divines and
reformers of the Church of England, interpret Scripture ac-
cording to primitive tradition, instead of that Calvanastic
tradition which our opponents would compel us to adopt,
that I must be pardoned for again remarking, that they at-
tempt not to supersede the Holy Scriptures, or to add to
them : all that they do is, when seeking, as all persons must
do, some assistance to guide them to the right understanding
of Scripture on fundamental points, to refer to the doctrines
directly or indirectly brought before them in the Prayer-
Book, the authority of which rests on its embodying the
primitive system : and when they find the doctrine taught by
the Bible, and the doctrine taught by the Prayer-Book, or,
in otheg words, by the primitive tradition, confluent,—flow-
ins- like the waters of the Rhone and the Saone in one stream,
thoughb with- distinguishable currrents—they then feel sure
that the meaning they attach to Scripture is the right mean-
ing,—that they know what the Gospel is, what it is that God
has revealed, they listen not for one half moment to the
" Unitarian," when lie tries by the very fanaticism of cri-
ticism to attach some new meaning to the different texts by
which any doctrine is supported. The old Scriptures, un-
derstood in the old sense, lead us to the old doctrine, which
was delivered of old and once for all to the saints. (9)
But though the principle of adopting a system to direct us
to the right interpretation of Scripture be an important one,
though into some system or other we cannot help falling,
still it is liable to abuse, and in its abuse may lead to con-
sequences much to be deplored. In order to avoid this, let
me remind you of the legitimate object of every theological
system, which is to keep before the mind all those fundamental
truths which the Bible, rightly interpreted, makes known to
us. But in framing their theological systems divines have
frequently erred by attempting to do !tore than this, by
attempting, at the same time, to harmonize the truths which
are thus revealed. They have laboured to show one truth
has depended upon another truth, and how, from certain
premises, conclusions, deemed inevitable by those who frame
the system, must ensue. And in so doing they have blended
with those articles of faith, which have been clearly revealed,
their own deductions therefrom ; and when these, the in-
ferences of mans are dogmatically propounded with the same
authority as the truths on which they rest, the Popish error
is unintentionally, though inevitably, committed, of adding
to Scripture, an error not necessarily attached to our principle,
but one into which, as I have hinted before, the framer of a
system may peradventure fall.(10) When Luther, for ex-
ample, not only asserts the revealed fact, that the consecrated
bread in the Eucharist is in some sense the body, and the
consecreated wine in some sense the.blood, of Christ, but by
his doctrine of consubstantiation, appends to it, as of equal
authority, his own explanation of that fact, he as much adds
to Scripture as the Papist does by his dogma of transub-
stantiation : and equally guilty of this error is Calvin, when
to the doctrines of the omnipotence, the omniscience, the
unaccountable sovereignty of the Deity, he adds, as if it
were part of Revelation, his dogma on the Divine decrees.(ll)
But these compact, harmonizing, theological systems com-
mend themselves to the indolence and the pride of man.
What they profess is, that they contain the whole pith of Re-
velation, the marrow of theology ; that, within a small com-
pass, they present us with all that is important in the Bible.
Indolent as the mind of man is, it , will gladly exert itself,
when seriously impressed, thus to master, once for all, the
whole counsel of God. And he who imagines that he is fully
acquainted with the whole of that mighty and mysterious
scheme for the redemption of man, into which angels desire
to look, and which more scripturarChfistians conceive will
not be known, in its fullness, until the end shall have come—
he, I say, will indulge in that pride which thinks scorn of all
whose views of divine truth appear to be less harmonized than
his own ; and, what is equally bad, he is precluded from in-
quiring further into the truth as it is in Jesus. If a man
supposes that he knows all that it is important to know, he
regards an accession of knowledge as unimportant ; and in-
stead of being a humble disciple, seeking the truth, seeking
to be enlightened more and more, he is exalted, in his own
mind, into a judge of others. All he desires is, to have the
chosen doctrines of Revelation, on which his chosen system
of theology insists as important, placed before him in some
new point of view, supported by new arguments, or illus-
trated by the flowers of rhetoric. Every doctrine, however
scriptural, which is not at once reducible to the line and
measure of his system, he spurns as useless, or rejects with
thoughtless indignation. And thus, instead of using his sys-
tem as a guide to the understanding of Scripture, he may be
said rather to make use of Scripture to illustrate his system.
Whoever preaches according to his system is a gospel preacher;
whoever produces from Scripture doctrines oppOsed to his
system-is treated as an enemy of God; ,and thus, at length,
we find his system superseding the Bible : whole portions of
Scripture are unstudied because they bear not on that sys-
tem to which he has given the exclusive title of the Gospel ;
and we actually hear, yes, we hear those who are most loud
in complaining of Popery for its want of deference to Scrip-
ture and its human inventions in religion—we actually hear
them complaining of the Psalms, the sweet songs of Zion,
given by inspiration of God the Holy Ghost, that they are
not sufficiently spiritual !—we do actually find in some Pro-
testant congregations, where human inventions in religion
are most loudly deprecated, the inspired Psalms superseded
by the hymns of uninspired fallible men ! And does not
this fact, my brethren, tell its own tale ? for why is this done ?
Can it be because the Psalms are unscriptural ? No ; but
human hymns may be rendered more comfortable to human
ayOtcma of
But, not to pursne these oblervations fo___Et-hr, I have re-
ferred to these circumstances to shew, that the very fact
which is sometimes brought as a charge against the Church
system, is, in truth, its recommendation. In our system
you will find no attempt to harmonize the truths of scrip-
ture ; they are, on the contrary, simply stated, or blended
with our devotions, in the plain, unconnected, independent
form, in which you find them in Scripture itself; there is no
endeavouring to supply any imaginary defects of Scripture,
by filling up the scriptural outline ; articles of faith, as re-

excellent writel's of the Tracts may be also warped. Of
course men of learning, will inquire into the fact, whether,
in estimating the value of any ancient usage, the Reformers
in rejecting it, or the Tract writers in wishing its retention,
are right. But in conversing with those who are unable to
make the inquiry, I should advise them to stand by the
Reformers. In making these observations, I do not mean
to say that in instituting these inquiries the writers in ques-
tion have not done right. The object of true Christians is
not to maintain Protestantism as a faction, but to preserve
in its purity the Gospel. In this good cause no persons have
laboured more piously, with a more gentle and truly Chris-
tian spirit, and, blessed be God, with more success, than the
writers of the Oxford Tracts. But they themselves are most
anxious not to form a party ; they are most patient in hear-
ing those who in the application of a common principle may
differ from them. And we ought to read their works for
information, rather than quote them as authoritative, until,
by the consent of the learned world, their authority has been
established.

8 It may be seen from what has been stated above, why
the true-hearted sons of the Church of England set their
faces, as it were a flint, against any proposal for an alteration
of the Book of Common Prayer, so. as to make it, as those
who propose to do so would make it, more conformable to
modern customs and modes of thought, They are not
swayed by prejudice or by blind attachment to the things of
days gone by, (though such prejudice and attachment would
be laudable,) for if it were proposed calmly and candidly to
act in the spirit of the Reformers, and to examine our present
Prayer-Book by the existing records of antiquity which we
possess in the canons of the first councils and writings of the
Fathers and other Liturgies, so as to be quite sure that
every thing really valuable has been preserved by us, the
opposition would be probably relaxed. But knowing how in
times past, from a desire to accommodate the Liturgy to the
spirit of the existing age, the errors of Popery were gradu-
ally introduced, they may greatly fear in any alterations, the
'introduction of errors, it not precisely similar, yet equally
bad, were we to act now on the same principle; for men are
quite as likely to be fallible in an age of Latitudinarianism,
as in an age of superstition. It is not with religion as it is
with science ; for in religion, except as prophecies are gra-
dually fulfilled by the event, no fresh discoveries are to be
made, In a revealed religion, a religion once, and once for
all, delivered to the saints, the business of the Church is to
preserve old truths, not to discover new ones. Well, then,
may we fear that by any alteration in the Prayer-Book, if it
gain in symmetry, would lose some portion of that autho-
rity which it now possesses, as the interpreter and handmaid
of Scripture.
9 The late, or rather the prevailing controversy, on the
sutiject of education, is likely to lead to the re-establishment
of certain almost forgotten principles. The supporters of
the government measure naturally supposed that when they
introduced the Bible, and the Bible only, as the basis of re-
ligious instruction, into their schools, those who have been
so loud in their censures of high Churchmen, and have been
proclaiming that the Bible, and the Bible only, is their re-
ligion, would be contented. But not only has it been dis-
covered that the propagation of the Gospel is their object as
well as ours, for which purpose the Bible and something else,
by their own showing is necessary; it has been, also dis-
covered that by the Bible, and the Bible only, is meant, not
what the words would seem to imply, but the authorized
version, and the authorized version only. But the authorized
version is the Bible and something ( Ise, for every version
must, to a certain extent, be a commentary. In a disputed
passage. it conveys the sense of the passage according to the
notions of what is correct in the translator. If this were
not so,' why should we object to the Douay version, or to the
" Unitarian" version ? and why do Romanists and " Uni-
tarians" object to ours ? We may fairly ask, then, On what
grounds do ultra-protestants insist on the exclusive use of
the authorized version? Have they compared it with the
original ? Have they compared it with the versions which
they condemn ? The papists and the " Unitarians" ask of
those who so strongly contend for the exclusive use of the
authorized version, Do you think that the translators in the
reign of James I. were infallible men ? It is replied, per-
haps, the Romish and " Unitarian" translators weft pre-
judiced. This is indeed to call names, but it is quite open
to the Romanist and Unitarian to retort, that King James's
translators were equally prejudiced : or shall the reply be,
though I have not been able to examine the different versions
myself, yet the learned Mr. A. and Dr. B. have done so,
and they pronounce our version to be the correct one ? Then,
surely, the answer of the Romanist is.equally valid, Cardinal
C. and Cardinal D. have examined and approved the Douay
version. It seems to me that those who, on these grounds,
insist upon the use of the authorized version, and the
authorized version only, act in spirit decidedly popish. Not
so the true Churchman ; he says, I object to the Romish and
" Unitarian" versions because they were avowedly conducted
on a principle Which a child may see to be erroneous. The
Romish version was made in subservience to the novel dog-
mata .0f the Church of Rome, the " Unitaria 1" version in
deference to the private judgment of the translator. We, ,
on the contrary, can prove, from the directions given to our
translators, that our version was made in deference to primi-
tive tradition. We claim, therefore, authority for that ver-
sion which was professedly made on a principle which
common sense must perceive to be right. Our translators
were not infallible, but they acted on the right principle.
By revising the version on their principle you may correct
any errors they may have committed, but we protest against
the introduction of a version avowedly conducted on a wrong
principle. Our principle being observed, no errors, of course,
of serious moment can have been committed: but on either
of the other principles it is scarcely possible to avoid error.
10 Because framers of systems have without doubt gene-
rally falleninto this error, men have drawn the hasty con-
clusion, which in the former part of this sermon I have com-
bated, that all systems must thus err.
11 .0f course, neither Luther nor Calvin, nor any other
framer of a system, would have advanced his peculiar tenets
without appearing to have some scriptural authority for
them. Their errors consists in having assumed that their
deductions from Scripture were infallible, and in having con-
sequently introduced their opinions, whetbor right or 'wrong'
wrong articles of faith,

12 We sometimes hear of Calvinistic Churchmen repre-
sented as more liberal than their brethren. Why? because
they fraternize with a few Calvinistic Dissenters. But then
it is to be remembered that they anathematize as non-gospel
preachers all their non-Calvinistic brethren in the Church
that is to say, two or three Clergymen in a district consign
to perdition two or three hundred of their brethren in the
neighbourhood, and are styled liberal because they associate
with two or three Dissenting ministers who do the same.
13 Is. liv. 5.
14 Is. lxii. 4, 5.
15 Is. lii. 1.
16 See Theodoret's admirable Commentary on the Song
of Solomon, a translation of which, by the learned Mr.
Poole, Incumbent of St. James's Church, Leeds, is in the
course of publication in The Voice of the Church,
17 Rev. xxi. 9.
18 Rev. xlx. 7. 9.

19 Blackstonb; 01: i. p: 441,
p) 1 cor, P.

Otti
•
requires faith in all who approach her ordinances
are the ta•rlecbse
those who approach without faith tpeY
race, but of condemnation. He is not safe wseuceleo
ordinances merely ; and he is not safe who, teJthetf"le
divinely-appointed ordinances, has merely faith,:f,
to be united. Nothing is clearer tha this, lit rte;
from your mind modern traditions, you Srill cool
tures. As to union with the body, we are told
re-
se.°:
many, are one body in Christ, and that, there'leinssl
members one of another. We are told that as
is the head of the wife, even so Christ is the ct'scottvit
Church, and He is the Saviour of the body. bode' °to
how and when it is we become members ofthat d is
one Spirit, even the Holy Ghost, we are al:6000i
body, and being in inve continue in it by being Porsetto,
one bread, even Jesus Christ, who, as He is the
the
the body in all his ordinances, is especially sol$1!, toe;
ment of his body and" blodd. And in the bode tole
Ephesians we are taught that there is one led bffts
spirit; and when it is said our hearts are lont jig y
that we are justified by faith, that we are se the
it is clear that we are attached to the soul of the ttsciS4
faith. Hence, if we would be safe, we must behri.4,lli
the body and soul of the Church, the sponse of efs. 1114
reception with faith of the sacraments and ordinal) el
not scriptural who says, I have faith, and there tern
761;
the sacraments and ordinances ; and he is not scr
says, I observe the sacraments and ordinanceseetqas
iroeto
I need net faith. And yet we may easily int'sot
which exceptions may be made. For instance, boal,
,t 4
baptism is attached to the soul as well as tbefeeeri)!S
Church, but ceases to be attached to the soul
ru faith:4
when he grows up, if he does not likewise g,r°', a 1051
becomes (to revert to my former comparison) epo').ety
paralyzed, dead member of the body. Again' Arie•OAll
in a heathen land is deprived of those ordinance-sti!"
might attach himself to the body of the Churcalobe4
faith he may be united to her soul. The same knee e 0
of those who, through unavoidable ignorance,lol,.;
the true Church is, and therefore neglect one II; .th, 0
duty, but are, though not sacramentally, stint)).
wir
with her. desk'
l
Thus we see why our Lord, in the text, hes., •40
us to preach the truth as it is in Him, directs a. 30., to a
minister the sacrament of baptism. 'We °e br:4
men the truth that they may have faith, and (net os, tiro
sufficient) to unite them to His Church,—thes. roc!
end being to unite men. to Christ. And thu;
see how possible it is to avoid the extreme, to too 00,4,
of which•l have before 'alluded. Rest not on Y°:r 4°l•':
but on Christ. And yet attend carefully to Ytithtoof
because, as you increase in religious knowledgee`;,,ei4o
in view, you will be ever finding fresh means 01,:tioojiy
munion with Christ and of receiving communw' eon
Him : the more you know of His will the better,l 0 9
able to serve Him. Rest nut on your faith, bne‘e°,,iior
but seek for grace to persevere.in good works, siliosild
by a patient continuance in well-doing that Yon. for'sl
dared meet for the glory which Christ is preP llasrigki
who love Him. Rest not on the Church, but nGe.irelef
through the sacraments and ordinances of theeirose
communion With. the Church; because it is 'OO9
munion with his spouse that you are to haven° rOOl9,
Christ, and through communion withChristhav,e, 0,1
with God, the divine and human natures beg: 0.9
united. And so, too, we, add, rest not on '1;01;4)
theology with which the' Church provides Y°ll,„' 0.04
system with humility, that you may, by its hendett
your Bible, and thence learn more and more ot _f 0;
of God which is ever to be our study until all
aettaist
known,—a blessing in this life never to be foll)nd oldrOc,
, These are the principles, my brethren, the gl:hlittefie,
pies of the religion of Christ, for holding wbic
duced and maligned, misrepresented by desinatie9
ness, and misunderstood by uninquiring fbl,lY; 11,1'2
what are denominated high Church prinei,Pl„,e'the"V,
which, if in the world's eye we are re sat "" ate to
were, fools and the offscouring of all things, weet9
able to give a reason for our conduct when sre
our aid to the establishment of any plan 0f educpits
though professedly based on religion, and the re is /
Bible, and the Bible only, (for remark, this ,neo3
lately offered to us,) does not tend, in our
bring men to Christ, that one great °.O se
knowledge as well as of all religious ordinanee%esrettf
are those principles on which we may with
to you in behalf of the charity schools of tor z`ie,
important town. The pious parents of the 1; ea to
through me, to enable them to bring their chil"!it 1115
and to teach them all things whatsoever CillTrutil•
manded. Are you Christians in deed and in Oils'
are 14
to the appeal.you must respond; for if You tsy
verily and indeed, not by profession only, pri"Z
only, but by the due use of those high sPititlibearts"lrs,
which in baptism you were elected, then youtek
glowing with love to God and man; and it tr C0°"(1111;
surely say to you, as the Apostle did to t,"e•..
"as touching the ministering to the saints cletr'et!:,o
for me " to speak to you. Your hearts are %.e. P;
you have freely received, freely you will giveitg 11•14
let me add, some poor children here, the ofsPri• tbe r
ci 10 oct
parents, poor children who have been hear
infamy, and whose young ears, in their homes, at to4o
but the sounds of blasphemy ;—they, toe, appeal fly Ai
me; they implore you to rescue them fronl
their homes, to enable them to breathe the l'ii!oe,1)114
of these schools ; they entreat, they imPl°re )tid:ird
merciesof redeeming love, to administer an 39 di
poison which 'would otherwise destsnY the ding
those who ought to be their protectors are 'e-teer,
the way of Satan, they supplicate you, died to
Lord Jesus Christ, it is the Saviour who . c''rtootO
is your God; who commands you to suffer ttteei,solstk
come unto Him ;—by the support of these " eoPp
vide that the Gospel may be preached to theei,iistee
and so taught, that they may know all things.Sool4
has commanded, while, united to Christ by the)" !;(4!')
the sacraments and ordinances of religion, ssi.go.
grace and strength to fulfil the same. Agtiniliaiers ,119
you verily and indeed the servants and, -"coo
'
Christ ?If you' be, when He commands' 0• 4/
You know what His command.. in this resPer'sal
you look upon these little ones your .heatts nestie
think that His command anti your own ine
tide.
lIRLIMOI.IWaIarre4V7.IMO,--VenrlVii
Ang
STATE OF THE DISTRICT ARMIN.- to 1.1.4'
We learn from concurrent statements, inn °d, d, PitV
residing in different parts of the neighbourl)°°,,eW
the last few days, the agitators, who atenni;ci
working classes, -have been displaying to°r'; of sti,ts'reij"
their mischievous calling ; and that a nualhe;eci, t• 4;
—not meetings regularly and publicly conrt, .4'2001
blages of a more secret character, and f°l. l',1e11,7;05!
pose—have been held in various places, at iw-sna )Ici
the most illegal character has been uttereu e-
of proceeding to acts of violence openly Teoo/
of this description have, we understand, been the wbso:l
in Salford, and in several other places ill prd'
neighbourhood of this town, as well as in Wa led 00074
of man other towns and villages in the hurl sslY pfssf,'
and at several of them arms- have been 0P„-- Sieltiorra'
We understand also that near Burnley, °og cl,
there were assemblages of a very thretiteTailte'aOso,
which caused so much alarm, that the taagjey
the military to be kept under arms, alid
remained assembled to a very late hour et n'l;ool'`iou'iifi
also that the fabrication of pikes and otheetve reece'boalef
ceeding with great activity on all sides. ,It o, 71
terday, a letter from a correspondent at
that several blacksmiths in that town atejt'stol!',O4/
in this work, and are actually labouring nig° 1,, file o
correspondent, who had seen them at w°`...00 0019
grinding the pikes, states that upwards °I is,eci
factured in Bolton last week. We have' e,il- sse 0,,j,r0,0• r
to the same effect from another source; „std tre-ei9'r
magistrates have been taking evidence utr,,tbet 'sot 44
Similar statements, with respect to severne tieas il)o
hoods, have reached us ; and there are in •c 3 010 drirs„
mistaken, of the intention of the designloge..dflolZie'V
unfortunately acquired influence amongst then, `'hit
to to urge on their misguided followers to
etgao
which, if resorted to, they will have "e u`',„o:l tde'Y
deplore. We still trust, however, that theebets rte;;
people, and a knowledge of the arrange)°`-
down disturbance, will, have the effect 01,2: 60, 11,',1,
outbreak in this neighbourhood,--'hunt >,t
IMPORTANT TO BENEFIT SOCIETIV:
petty sessions, on Monday last, Samuel i`leri,e •
the Male Friendly Sickly Society, held at
Westhoaghton, was summoned to shoo' c3';' for 'o'l'g(
not be proceeded against, according to 1:."0::00°.,11e,,5
his
and refused to pay to Thomas 11a the
his regular weekly allowance, according' aver, sf get!f
society.—Mr. John Foulkes, of 111anclietpereliel,'101
the defence. The ground of objection %I'd flee,
plainant, who is 86 years of age, was not lot °I".0004
cause he did not claim through sickne'''fonit'''), !
unable to follow any.eraployment.—Mr. to rel''iligqo
that, unless sickness prevailed (accordieg too,'„,1104,
could be granted; and that the precedent -0: diess',fetfLis
old age would cause other members to threiiut 01;104
the funds of the society for subsistence. jo
the 17th rule, it was found to contain the ke
wor or Co
"Any member being sick, or unable O cove pp
way advised him to get over the di.,1,,;. fae,10,1!0;,,,
rules, and then he would talk to hirn.--,Y"'aril
his objection on this head overruled, conteneivile
ing to the 30th rule, the magistrated nte 1,..„ tO;
that article provided,' that, in cases of ho:P :leeof a,;:'.4
the matter should be referred to a cornnntk. oiso.Dcl.dt„
—lllr. Ridgway said he did not conceive thallibrlliogritt, gr 7,3
of dispute exactly, because a person waS eI:46CLI (0
,:
ably to the articles, and the society rl3-I.e.fer
therefore, it would be..perfect nonsense T., owaisegiet aid p
mittee of' five. • The complainant, froin,l'i.e, s9e (1)1010
• sub,tribtl nearly fifty years to the soc'e loco t)iti!eivF
received fifty pence from it ; and it was 3 Ihito
to say the least of it, to attempt to aerliite. 'scettsras
of his money, at his advanced period o', ths V,/,
replied, that he had nothing to do
thing ; all he was contending for wa.s the , seer;rilde
said, that his view .of tho law was, that t 1.7,0010
the .demand ; and if they did not do so, be 'eV
rant of distress to be issued against the sto . ;i1
Guardian. •
air.ee
tt
PacuatuND PALAcr..—Of the ancient r3„eil,
of England whh stood on Riclintot.i.e
HOW except theftgatewa, and• that
satisfy the gaze of any but the mere iottol"eer
look old and venerable enough fo the Ife:4.ted ° eerv'ed 01)
rescue, being so patched up by, end.,nost it,nbt.so,lgro
sFrouncling house?, as to have alina',i•
(=meter. Several kings and (lace"; ressPsir"bes•
00
died upon this spot. Edward I. no° t test Di 4•4
Edward 111. died here, deserted Oa „poi oi(1'14
tiatterers and parasites who • had fartenel.ooo,o ;tosp.oil
even Alice Pierce, the mistress of his inalls
his side, and leaving him Pe witit gG, eee
to the t,
than if he had been a beggar, giving win the of 111`,,,,PrAt,
Richard 11. the next king,. passed Inun'we .are gre:bet`ti,
manor; in whose days, at Sheen, as et,•l
. the': tei•• , Sot
that veracious chronicler, Stowe,
ing among the gnats !" " 'rho' were Jo
says he, " that the air was darkened
)Brtt; at.ivisco
fought and made a great botle. T``;°, pa! t,,,%e ‘be-
slain, fell down to the ground ; the t'sii,rshea.•
victory, flew away, no man knew wmswei,s 05tOoe
the dead was such that they might b'
~drat $ 004
and bushels filled with them." With a eetto_roplie
old historian describe this battle ! be n°(101'6111
of its truth! and with what a relish Nriestder.o.cetihila
expectation to find the same in his re be` b)".11,
batt a _
every circumstance ! Many of the ,s,olisfe. bst
-hearses of York and Lancaster are 01- of ItTtlibfl ,
hardly more notice. Anne, the queer helc,`l,
in this building. She was- so
band, that he cursed the place where tsate'elie,!,
of
never afterwards inhabit it. The vetrirectiO°:',alY
tendri4e tSe.t,litd;
so moved him to grief, that he gace.,(ov .00e :0
• be pulled down. The order was ,53,,,s cots _ ts ;raw_
but the building remained in a rain(4, foil' v!
reign of Henry V. who repaired it, 01,* ‘, tire jil;fi..e 11/1/'
0115 hOuses near it. It was desteos ea ,08,5,,,e'
,A
Henry VII., who built it up again c>
before, and first altered the naive, ° e :IT to.polfel:
to Richmond, which it has ever "oo
also 'resided here in the early part the
stituted a grand tournament on rehaegte;),„ teeite j
fought in disguise. He afterwards extivoill-ii'e eV:et
for the more magnificent peinN. • -ter, r• etl .4"'
after the fall and death of th9t
reverted to the crown. Elizaheh ; Act
short time, during the reign of nibs e,
_et of „t
Da' CO tutu 1,01
broken-hearted for the death of • . ~alO 110 te
.15„ r. 04, ..
the dissensions of the revolutt , awe - sine. ics•
treatment from the hands of the rl's neeerof
part of it-was pulled down. it " 'oed°' ifjef
ri +all; Pi ih
head in the world, but has gra-L4 fiiveg?
eendition.l---Ra*ko :77.0;";•P

THEATRE
NOn 4,011
Nen„ lof the a
R
p,
Peried at re, • -
yuarlei
For the
'Aenefit of
411 e / nd posit;
""st Night of
OeS And °f
present FRI
'fl,edv
•,t wo a
ul4acic, Air. KMA
At the end eoefle 1
GA,
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Afterl s• r•
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At pert°
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pd

To conclud,
(ALI
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•fte • •
11.41 04:e" "
Planes it Will
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Ore 'SELL]
tbj 22nd liz,tl2 Marx
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HTS, a
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terent of the
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TREATRE-ROYAL, LIVERPOOL.
°ll ace hi 41'
the igi it.,4e Raft, the Performances will not
tc
own e-
°Poled or Quarter
until Eight o'clock. Doors b
- a Viarier Past Seven.
Forthe b
'enefit of MADEMOISELLE TAGLIONI,
The ~ And positively her Last Appearance.
__ . „,.
TLast Night of MISS ADELAIDE O'BRY AIN.
RIS And of Mr. and Mrs. KEELEY. ,
_....,.d a
conlPtlesent FRIDA.Y, JULY, 19, will
MY, in two acts, called be performed
411Sliaek, Air. x MASTER'S RIVAL.
At the end eoeflett.e fiTrsTbayetPeopleltahswteari,tse,RMivral,
s. Keeley.
GRAND PAS DE TROIS,
From Sylphide
4 ladeteoiselle
TAGLIOLNa I, Miss Adelaide O'Bryan, &
Mr. J. Ridgway.
,p
~At the end of the Comedy,
411 411 E MAzouRKA, • ty's
Tbeata adlle. Taglioni as Danced b her at her Majes
t..
&Nit Zt'is,?ndon, and' the principal her
on the Con i
,' the most and
applause.
'a which will be added the new Farce called
t, ~,,,.. DOCTOR DILWORTH,
u0et`444T,'“4,,,... (his original character):..... Mr. Keeley
stie
raworth, NIL Baker I O'Louglin, Mr. G.Hornca
Ifterr4pilworth. • Mrs. Clarke I Zoe.. Miss Grant
114ted Spa l•eh' Madlle, TAGLIONI will Dance the cele-
nish Bohemian Dance
Asktforn,ed THE GITANA.
of st by her with brilliant success at the Theatres
14,f reterburgh, Vienna, and her
muoii.
Majesty' Theatre,
To conclude with the Farce of the
QUEEN'S HORSE
l'°4lTiil i.-o.s. °2', the Brewer of Preston.
... (the Brewer of Preston).... Mr. Keeley
~lhe II Mary Wakefield.... Mrs. Keeley
,4en it,_°:' Office will be open daily, from Tn unl Tuhnceses,
Ili n.ices to
) ' etgar aY be taken. No places can be secured .
.1..,,
4.64 , Gallery,e Boxes 4s. • Upper Boxes, 3s. fin. , rlt
hbc4', Is. ' '
1141 or ""3 be Opened at a Quarter-past Seven, and the
.harlee to commence at Eight o'clock.
Not 4'MOISELLE TAGLIONI will perform at the
ItwOloy 22entrYthael,lIrches7r, on Saturday, July 20th, and
Manchester being the only
Ltl:,ll.,PilaTc4iarll TheavterersP('''mn England in which MADEMOI-
t '"rely her•-..L1N1 has appeared, and these will be
4r th r,op laastt performances previous to her departure
04
s.. Awe
THE
1011,N1',,PRDAY—DAMON AND PYTHIAS ,•
IN Potl'l,-,ll°W ; and HIDE AND SEEK.
fltiljkle"-Ltt, of the Theatres-Royal,
enagement
Covent-Garden,
N NIGHTS nd Haymarket, will commence
an g
, on MONDAY next, July 22d. -
ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.
Pli, —teic.nciauvrt 9,f the unfavourable state_ of the Weather Yes-
/ IS tv,z,tn,e GRAND RACE GALA will take place
,00t 04 vf,AING, FRIDAY, July 19, weather. permitting;
'Fa ei tlimr next July 22d. The Proprietor begs to
‘4,Seuoisii.Exhibition is'pn the most extensive scale of a
'-------...____
%.r..