Star.
London, England, 1829-05-13 00:00:00

Mr. R. GRANTpreeemed eindlar Peddens *ton tit. ' I
Burgesses, and Town Ooonclial the Royal Dorgigof !overarm
Sairn....Orderod to be referred to the, Commits,. on the, all.
Mr. & RICE presented a Petition from the Apotheeprios of _
city of Limerick. proylog that no altetodon may be made is
!overarm
taws relating to Apotheoades In Irelaod..—Ordered to ha gdateil. ,
Mr. !MARRY presented a Petition from the Retail Rpnbriti
**town of &o:bport, I. the county of Closter, praying that tbeg
may have immediate nodes of soy Information that may be lediM 1
them for alleged irregularities la their trade...A/Meted cobs
,prkeed.

Mr, %V. WHITMORE presented a Padden Mai lie
and traders of Manchester, preying that the OAP MP . le
China may be thrown open on the expired= Mthe Mar
4ot "t may.—Ordered East India y.—Drdered to be p • • •
Mr. ma-miaow presented a dmilar "Wilk Rom the
Chamber of Commerce of the Staffordshire. Potter*. • The peel,
litmen oonsplaused of great distress, which they =Owed, in et
t measure, to the nieunpoly enjoyed at present by the Rail
=la Company. The Honourable. Member proceeded to soma
the prayer of the Petitioners, and referred to the fact of consider-
of& qsandties of British manufactured china being sent into Vblea
itself, even under their present disadvantages.—Ordered to be
printed.
Mr. HART DAVIS presented a similar petitlen frees dm
Woken, merchants, sad inhablunts of Bristol and its eieleky.4ll‘
demi to be prhned. . • ..•
Mr .IA.MRS GRAHAM presented similar reddens fro* iln,
operative Weavers of Carlisle. and from the Manufacterem of
Clicherrneuth.
Mr It KNAKCHBULL presented a redden from dui MM.
, to of the welt division of Kent ea the Duties on Mak; slifi ,
do a retitioa against the &l foe sies.Disloteromele M the Tat
from the town of Tenterden.

liAre ti DIAS:IOWA NT'll MUM&

Mr. HUBKIBBON, its presenting to the House a
Petition- from the Merchants and Manufacturers of Li.
verpool. said that the paramount importance of the sub.
tject, and a sense of courtesy to Honourable Members
interested in it. might warrant him in making observe.
dons at some length on the question. He still had no
intention to anticipate the discussion fixed for Thursday
night. However, he would not think-he had done jus-
tice to his constituents if he omitted to state to the House
and the public the grounds of the prayer contained in
the Petition which he had the honour to present. The
Charter of the Bast India Company was Last renewed in,
1813, the renewal having been preceded by a full in.
quiry, instituted inconsequence of the petitions of the
merchants and manufacturers to that House, praying a
partition of the trade to British India, and those other
countries. in the East to which, before that period, no per-
sons but the Bast India Company had access ; and here
• he begged to call to the recollection of the House the fact
that several Gentlemen who had spent their lives in the
service of the Bast India Company, and among these
several persons of discernment, gave evidence before
Parliament on the subject; such, for instance, were the
late Mr. Charles Gratit and Sir t, Monro, petsuns a hose
character for integrity and ability entitled their opinions
to the. greatest consideration and 'respect. ' These wit-
nesses declared their opinion that any attempt to extend
the British trade to India would be unprofitable and un-
availing; that the wants of the people of ledia were so
few, their habits so unvarying, and their conduct so
much controulled by religion, that any attempt to intro.'
deco among them•the comforts consequent ons cots-
mercial intercourse with Brithin would turn out useless;
sod that those who should make the attempt 'would
only meet disappointment and loss: It was further
stated that the authority of history -and the cape.
rience of too hundred years, confirmed that• view of
'the subject. These opinions certainly came from'
high authority; yet against • that authority the mer-
chants •said, only allow or to make the experiment,
and let the risk and the loss benurs in our. attempt to
overcome the prejudices and habits of the people of In-
dia. The trade to India was in part opened, the exp..
'lsom was partially-made, though attended with many
obstacles and difficulties, such as ineipetience of India
and of her wants and resources. Under this di,advan-
tage the trade was opened on the Ist of April, 1814.
It has now remained open' for fifteen years. ' When the
Hogue looked at the circumstance as the establishment
of a wewcomatercial intercourse between two parts of
the globe•so distant front each other, the trade could not.
even sow be said to be so much In its infancy as iwits.
birth. Yet what was the result? Why,'that though in
1814 the whole of our capons to the countries eastward
of the Cape of Good Hope amounted only to 1,600,0001.
our 'experts to "India. alone last year exceeded
4800,0001. an amount equal to one-eighth of the
whole exports of Great Britain: In 1814 the amount
of shipping employed in trading to India was but
twenty. eight thousand tons. while in 1828 it rose.to
109,000. fbese facts showed that all that the merchants
had predicted sO be the results of their industry was
realised. It had been said before the opening of the
trade that the returns to our commerce would be limited
to gems, and that returns of- the precious metal would
be with diffunhy tobtained. /low. it was found and
complained of, that the eturns made from India for our
manufactures were almost limited t r the precious metals,
and that no ads gnaw returns on manufactures or pro-
duce avid, under the present system, be made to us.—
The extension of the trade to India tended to increase
our opens thither in iron and-copper. The only onion
we received in the shape•of East India produce was
ladigo, a bleb afforded most valuable returns, becato,e
it was 'thrown open to cultivation by British traders..
There was another point to which the petitioners
called the attention of the House, namely, -the trade
with China. They held that 'English meiatiints
ought not to be. excluded from intercourse with
China commerce unless for strong political reasons;
yet the intercourse huh that country was a strict
monopoly in the bands. of the East India Company.—
The petitioners complained that, while the other restric-
tions on trade between England and the East ladies were
telexed in 1814, that opportunity was taken for making
more strict the Company's monopoly of the ,trade with
China. The petitioners particularly pointed at this
subject, as they thought.that the House might deal with
that part tithe question before the espiration of the
Company's charter:The old charters provided that if the
Company's monopoly granted by those charters proved
injurious to the coustry the charters should expire at
the end of two years. By the law of 11748 it was
enacted, with a view to keep the pile, of tea in England
on an equality with the price on the continent of Europe,
that the Lords of the Treasury should be empowered to
authoi ise other merchants beside the East IndiaCompaoy
to import tea into Eogland, if the 'slices of tea in Ear"
land should rise higher than on the continent. Thai pro-
vision remained in force until 1813, when it was enacted
that no persons but the East India Company. or persons
licensed lay them, should import tea into this country.
The result of this was, that the prise of tea in this coon-
try was more by half than in the neighbouring coon.
tries. Where. was another point that deserved attention.
It was provided that all foreigners and foreign skips-
may trade in British goods Irons this,eoestry to Mimi,
sod from China to all other pert* of the world. Yet

Iltachants were excludes& fro% isotticapatens in
China—an exclusion , basin .panOtble to
btu *A o( Phhilk would
Worth oi the Bsisish koosinarotk Per
ship. *led. or Myna *00) gilt
yea", natls,..Btiaish siaolfosintes, and
cargos,' from China_ to any other part
, ;OS it was certain that they found their
_account:in chit venture. Now, it was very hard
that .English traders and English ships should. be
&minded - from that trade merely because they -vitro
English, and that after two Conirnittees of the Louts
had repotted-that the trade fronsChineto Britain might
be opened to British merchants without loss to the East
Company. The allegations of the petitioners on
that part of the subject deserved the sesinus attention
of the Hoare. They prov'ed the extent of these °pep.,
ing commercial prikitcts in the east front which British
traders were now excluded. There were other considet
rations ,connected with this question of a higher nature,
than commercial interests, namely, that increascof
vilization, that improvement in social comforts, and
eetration of the moral character of the people of India,
which must result from opening their commercial inter-,
course with England. Besides, India was ours by con-
quest, and it was our duty to atone for the evils aris-
ing to them iron' that subjugation, by extending to
them al/ the benefits that our commerce would supply.
In proportion as our commercial intercourse with them
increased, in the same rate their industry would be sti-
mulated.their enjoyments insproved,their morals raised.
their connection with us made more valuable; and our.
possession of India be more permanent, attended. with
happiness to India and prosperity tr.Britaia.
Oa the sumo° that the petition be brought up, •
Mr. BARING confirmed the alfegation that the et-
elusion of British merchants from :he trade to China,
,and

hem China to other parrs of the world than Eng-
land, was not at all profitable to the East India Com-
spany.. He should suggest to the Chairman of the East
India Company /he policy of the Company's lotto-
iducing a Bill this Session, or early next Session, in
!concert with the Government, for allowing Bri.ish
(shipping to participate in the trade from England to
IChina, and from China to the other parts of Europe.
(Hach a measure would tend to conciliate in some de-
lgme the opponents of the renewal of the Company's'
charter, and prepare all parties for a more calm conj.
;disunion of the main question.
Mr. ASTELL would not have risen to make any ob.'
leareationi before the regular period of discussion, had
`hr not been called oo by certain allegations ceetained ill
the Petition to•fore the House. The petitioners' state.
meats represented only. what they believed to be the lan.
He trusted that the House would not decide the goes..
don until they should have heard the counter statements
of the other side. As the China trade was but a part of
the question, be would not, before the general discuses I
Ilion of the subject, compromise himself by giving any
decided answer to the suggestions of the Honourable
Member for Callington. It was set forth in the Petitiou
that in 1013 the British shipping to India amounted but
ip 23.000 tons, while in 1828 • it was nut less. thiso
'109,000; but that was the trade of the Company alone.
The amount of the public shipping' of the country
meld not be ascertained, the documents having .been,
destroyed by the fire at the Custom-house:, but in 181$
it was ascertained that it amounted to 79,099. and iM
1024 it was no more than 79,000. It was not lair ito
the Right Honourable Gentleman who presented the'
"'tidos to omit all mention Of the imports hose India,
and as to the exports frons_England, he was sure it
mold be found they did not answer the expectations of
those most interested in them. But the timefor de-
tiding the raestion had not yet artived, as the-Charter
of the Company would not expire before fite yeara::7-
The Right Honourable Gentleman thought prow to
have one opinion, but he believed these were two upon
the subject, and he begged of the Memberiof the House
to suspend their judgment.
..
.. ' Sir•C-, BIJREELL said, that it could not be denied
that 'the price of tea was very high, and this should not
be the ease when the poorer class were iii mach misery.
lie wished to see the trade tbeeritn opin,ind he did not
think it ,Fight that foreign. iemels. should be enabled to
bars a freer trade. to China than British.
General QASCOYNE thought that, in compliance
with the suggestion of his Hon. Friend (Mr. Baring),
there should:be sonsimirdifiCatlin of the charter before
the time arrived when theyshouldle called upon to
renew it. *An arrangement with the East India Board,
by which the trade to China mightlke. thrown open to
English as well as foreign vesselr,,wotild, bri,was sure,
be. received as an act of grace on the part- of the East.
India Company; and would te'serviceabjeto.'theiiinte-
rests, as well as a benefit to the' shipossmeis 04'16 the
general trade of the country. .. • . ... .
.. ,
... . ..
_. Sir GEORGE PHILLIPS agreed with. his -Rieit
Honourable Friend (the filemberefor Livirpool), whose
statements, in his opinion; recjuirect..little,cr nothing
!lather in support of them from him.- There, was one
e.licomstances however, to which be would. beg to call
the atteition of the House, namely, thatsincethecotton
trade had been comparatively thrown open great advan•
sages had arisen, and instead of ruining thoie:who were
embarked in it, the profits ariung :from the-export, of
cotton had been greater than thoseof any other; trade in
tire first year. The cotton exported last year to iridie
ansounted to between two, and three millions, and not
a single shilling's worth would have been sent out had
it not been for the relaxation which had taken place I.
the year 1813; and if there was a further removal of
restrictive duties, he was sole there would be. e sail
ater quantity exported to that country. . < ..i•.:
Mr. W. W HIT410R1; supporied the ppree of dee pod ell4lllll
' 'hi 111"14 "4411 a liatiSP; boating whoa be ibool4 immillikee.
a a intended modem
The petition was then ordered to lie op astable.
On the question that it should be. peloted, • '
Mr. AsT4l.l9roPtfndeds net witiatarillos what the Hem Mem-
bra for Liverpool had sold. that tee wits am sely hitter but despot
to this onintrY than on Oa Coiititteat, fisitmonse saws, the duty of
1 gorar Pear. wbick Wes iraPelli4 01 dill XVIII* 90111MNant. - •
Mr. HIJSRISSON was unwilling to prolong the de-
bate, but he wished to refer to what bad been stated by
< it Hon. Chairman, who hed accused hiM.of tint bring.:
big forward the amount of shipping ler the year 1815 c
That year was one of older trade, as must always be the
ems the first open year. Ai to what *the litrnopf abl
Chairman had said Of tea being chestier ;and „bet. ttt 1
this country thin on the contineot, he wdoid onlY es
the Board of Directors to givesome of his vonatituent I
license to import this dear tea, and enter-01V ttiltriiiet'
lion with the East India Company; 111147*ithol
I
Mt thought, refuse if their own washetter end., . -pgr ,
NO be had no doubt that many of his xonstitoeat ~
would. be silly enough to run the
,riska-i-Catilitigh I,
He knewnothing of the business except welt,'
it'd been told. by pentium competent iti itiiige;.*itis.
by. the prices current of the wall markets.r,ansk
it appeared that tea could be bad in. Neer York fr 4
.e halt the price it could be had betit,indeppodeile of,
'Me duty. The East India COmpenyireeeralisayetk. '''
to beep a qoantity on band, the resalt.of whiels.wapt'
, delP Wet; tbo-anick. is qpality. -This- wt., 06•44- th
1,1
canterWhip:lemitrikei *ware raised and the qhiliti. ii-
plied to this usury. He would not detain the House

•
Mr. GRATTAN moved that *har be laid begot, the: , • illetthste
return tuba:,schill *8111A9111.4114711° wok thit ttodg Cbi
Am of ilib sad. GeleiknL Yuga. • •• • . ebitiPanrs
ladesCie sad plammias- to. -
Mr BUNION prompted ,-frein the inbakois. utengassath be
Nesametle.upoo,Tyar‘ seam tbs. ' Wagsi aprolsik
_we:Ametican
delitat* prios!. ' i raes _ last,
. Mr. ItbIDSAY prei-eseed *Widow 00. Ibellsafige apirk c
Periksigainst tbaStimb OirAlaigrarilidetetita.beasterre. tet site of the
Committee so the SUL