The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1839-01-04 00:00:00

" The present debt consists of
subscriptions
" Less paid off 1,060 5 6

"
- —eV raised on notes
Messrs. Moss and Co
NIL Foster's commission . SW 0 0

with information communicated by one of the trustees, who
is also the treasurer.
It further appears, that loans subscribed by various parties
in the year 1824, under the provisions of the act, in part of
the sum of £20,000 authorized to be borrowed, amounted to
£12,737 10s, to which in 1835, as already reported, was added
the £7lOO advanced by the corporation. It is proper here to
observe, that the parties who lent money on the security of
the act have been called proprietors, when in fact they, along
with the corporation, are mere lenders of money at £5 per
cent. on the security of the provisions of the act, and subject
to all the contingencies of the undertaking affecting the se-

cunt v.
The loans of £12,737 by individuals appear to have been
repaid at periods from 1829 down to 1835, both inclusive, to
the extent of £lB5B is 6d. by the sale of catacombs and
graves, to the several lenders, pursuant to the following reso-
lution of the trustees:—

"30th April, 1829.
Resolved,—That as the surveyor has promised to furnish
the trustees with a ground plan oithe Cemetery, divived into
vaults and graves, on the 14th of May next, notice be given
to each of the proprietors of shares iu the said cemetery, ap-
prising them that the ground will be ready for their inspection
on the 21st of the same month, and that each proprietor may
take out the amount of his subscription, or any part thereof,
in the purchase of catacombs, vaults, or graves."
I have now to submit my opinion, which is as follows :-
I.—That the late council of-June, 1835, had full power to
appropriate the sum of £7lOO as they did.
2.—That the appropriation was made by them with full
knowledge of all the circumstances of the case.
3.—That whatever irregularity there was in the course pur-
sued by the trustees of borrowing money on their own respon-
sibility, at interest, and of paying off that debt, it was fully
before the council of 1835, and was allowed by them, and their
loan of £7lOO was expressly made with a view to the repay-
ment of that debt.
4.—That the sale of catacombs and graves to the lenders
under the act, in part payment of their loans, was irregular;
but it was a course that might have been expedient, and cer-
tainly it was one that must have been known to, and was al-
lowed by the council of 1835.
s.—That upon consideration of the accounts of the trustees
as they have been communicated, the co-operation appears
to be reasonably entitled to an account. from the commence-
ment of the trust up to the present time, and such account
ought to be called for by the council, and is requisite before
anylfurther opinion than such as is now offered can be sub-
mitted.
6.—That as soon.as surplus income, after payment of any
amount of debt remaining, shall arise, itought to be applied

as follows-
-I.—ln equalizing the condition of all lenders, the cor-
poration and the indvidual lenders, in consequence of
the part payments, by sales of catacombs and graves.
2.—ln reduction of the loans under the act, pro rota, ac-
cording to the several and tespective amounts of prin-
cipal and interest of these loans,—the application of all
reductions being, first, to the payment of interest
'which does not carry interest), and afterwards to the

principal (which does carry interest until paid).
That any further acknowledgement should be taken for the
oan by the late council of £7lOO that may be advised.
ELECTION OF COMMISSIONERS, &C.
Messrs. Morecroft, Wood, and Segar, were re-appointed
commissioners for lighting and paving Birkenhead.
The MAYOR was appointed trustee under Mrs. Ann Muni-
neux's charity.
Messrs. \Valmsley, Lassell, and Richard Houghton, were
re-appointed commissioners for the School for the Blind.
Forty-one members of the council, were chosen to be a
Pilots' Committee.
Mr. C. LAWRENCE was appointed a commissioner of the
Wallacy Embankment, and
The council broke up at half past 3 o'clock.

IMPORTANT TO PAWNBROKERS.-Mr. Mottershead, pawn-
broker, of Salford, was summoned on Monday last, to appear
at the New Bailey, to show cause why he should not give up
a watch which had been pledged with him by a person named
Grinashaw. Mr. Foulkes, who appeared for the defendant,
admitted that the watch had been pledged, and that the money
had also been tendered to redeem it, but said the defence was,
that Mr. Mottershead had bad his premises broken into at
night, three or four weeks ago, and this watch, with a number
of others, and a quantity of silver plate, was stolen. He called
a shopman of Mr
.. Mottershead's, who stated, that the pre-
mises were broken into on Sunday night three weeks, and 200
watches were stolen from a cupboard in Mr. Mottershead's
bedroom. The house was broken into while Mt. Motters-
head was out. A policeman also proved that a robbery had
been committed. Mr. Maude said, he thought that the pawn-
broker was not liable if the goods had been taken by force,
though he was if they had been stolen; but he would consider
of the matter, and give his judgment on Saturday. On Sa-
turday he said that he had considered the time, and thought
that a house having been broken into made the circumstances
different from those of an ordinary theft; and as he thought
that he could not compel the pawnbroker to pay the value of
the articles, the parties must resort to their action if they were
not satisfied.—Manchester Guardian.
THE CHARGE AGAINST MR. STEPHENS.— On Saturday
the prisoner was brought up for bail. The magistrates then
on the bench were \V. Garnett, Esq., Major Watkins,
Shakespeare Phillips, Esq., and John Keuworthy, Esq.—
Mr. Brandt, who appeared for the prosecution, said, Mr.
Beswick had inquired into the sufficiency of the bail, and
was satisfied; and therefore he (Mr. Brandt) had uo objec-
tions to urge. He, however, thought it desirable for the
public convenience, that the case should be heard on some
other day than Tuesday.—Mr. Garnett said, Tuesday was a
very bad day, as the pensioners would be there from nine
o'clock in the morning tilt a late hour.—Mr. Law said, Mr.
Stephens had requested him to say, that any thing the magi-
strates should do, with regard to days and hours, would be
agreeable to him.—Mr. Brandt then asked Stephens if he
had any objection to the case being adjourned to Thursday;
and he replied, that he bad not.—Mr. William Willis, of
Manchester, and Mr. Abel Williamson, of Charlestown, the
sureties, and the prisoner, then respectively entered into
their recognizances. Stephens then left the dock, but was
recalled ; and Mr. Brandt, addressing him, said, I have a
placard in my hand f,stating that a procession would form at
Ashton to meet Mr. Stephens] which shows, that something
may be done tending to a disturbance; and I hope that you
will not, by sour countenance, do anything to agitate the
town. Mr. Law will communicate with you as to what I
have said, and advise with you upon it.—Stephens then de-
parted; and when he arrived at the gates, three shouts were
given him by a number of persons outside the court.—Man-
chester Guardian.

ROBBERY OF A BANKER'S }..7AII—CEL.— t toe man mon *ls
town to London was robbed of a banker's box, contaiuin
notes and bills amounting to nearly £2OOO, with which the
thieves have as yet escaped undetected. '1 he box which
contained the notes was sent from the office of the Newport
Branch of "the Commercial Bank of England," by the snail
cart from Newport to Shiffnal, and was there safely lodged
in the coach-office. On the arrival of the Holyhead snail
from Shrewsbury at Shiffutsl, the coachman's attention gas
directed to the box by Mr. Morris, landlord of the denting-
ham Arias, Who told him it was a banker's parcel, and re-
quired his utmost care. He promised attention, and the box
was placed under his feet, a passenger occupying the box
scat. On the coach arriving at Birmingham the parcel was
missed; and the coachman declaring his ignorance of its fate,
and stating that it must have fallen off on the journey, he
was immediately taken into custody and committed for exa-
mination, together with two other persons. On Monday
they were examined before the magistrates. of Birmingham,
when all but the coachman were discharged, and he was re-
manded for further examination yesterday. The Bank have
offered a considerable reward on conviction of the thieves;
and the numbers of the notes, with the dates and places of
their issue, are all ascertained and published, and payment
stopped. On the examination yesterday, the coachman was
committed for trial at the next Warwick assizes.—Shrews-
isury Chronicle.
DECREASE OF POPULATION AND MORTALITY IN LONDON
WITHIN THE WALLS.—In-the beginning of the last century,
the population of London within the walls was not much less
than 140,000, as proved by a deduction front the parish
registry; and the annual mortality was one in twenty of that
population. In the year 1750, the population had decreased
to 87,000; and fortunately for the health of the citizens, space
continues to become more and more valuable for counting-
houses and warehouses than for human habitations, so that
the population of the city within the walls became 78,000 in
the year 1801, and is now diminished to 55,778, the rate of
mortality being now less than one in forty.
11 A PID GROWTH OF ODESSA.—Odessa is situated in a small
bay between the mouths of the Dnieper and Dniester. Forty
years ago it consisted of a few miserable fishermen's huts on
the shores of the Black Sea. In 1796 the Empress Cathe-
rine resolved to build a city there; and the Turks being dri-
ven front the dominion of the Black Sea, it became a place
of resort and speculation for the English, Austrians, Neapo-
litans, Dutch, Ragusaus, and Greeks of the lonian republic.
In 1802, two hundred and eighty vessels arrived from Con-
stantinople and the Mediterranean ; and the Due de Richlieu,
Icing appointed governor-general by Alexander, laid out a
city upon a gigantic scale, which, though at first its growth
wi s not commensurate with his expectations, now contains
s sty thousand inhabitants, and bids fair to realize the extra-
vagant calculations of its founder.—lncidents of Travel in the
Rusean and Turkish Empires.
CHARTIST FAILURES.—Two Chartist meetings have taken
plate within the last few days; the one at Newcastle on
Tuesday, the other et Bristol on Wednesday. Both were
total failures. At Newcastle, instead of 20,000 men, as had
been boasted, they only muttered about 1,200 persons, in-
cluding boys and women. Resolutions were carried to send
three delegates to the "National Convention." At Bristol
the breakdown was still more deplorable. Notwithstanding
the presence of O'Connor, Vincent, and other torch-light in-
cendiaries, the meeting could not muster more than five
hundred individuals, including, as at the other gathering, a
large proportion of women and children The whole affair
was so flat, that the proceedings were curtailed of their fair
proportions, the matins disdaining to hold forth to so beg-
garly an assemblage. Effectual precautions bad been faken
to guard against a second riot in liristol; but, in truth, there
was little occasion for the presence of the military, or even
the police, unless, indeed, the latter were necessary to pro-,
tect the moveables on the line of procession.
A DRUNKARD REFORMED.— A very young man, whom
he (Mathews) knew, had tlse.unfortunate propensity of daily
taking more wine than his Wain could bear. Upon one occa-
sion, after a Greenwich dinner, this person behaved so ob-
streperously in the carriage, as the party returned to town,
that he exceedingly annoyed friends,' and even gave them
blows. Mr. Mathews, who was present, enlisted the other
gentlemen in the coach iu a plot, to shame, if possible, the
youthful offender out of this dreadful habit. It was agreed,
that he should be told the next morning that he had, during
his overnight's paroxyism, beaten and injured my husband
severely in the coach. ConseqUently, as soon as he heard
this, the young man announced himself before Mr. Mathews
was out of bed; who, upon hearing who his visitor was, got
up and prepared himself in a manner that was quite extraor-
dinary in so short a time, telling tne not to seem surprised at
what he would explain at leisure. He entered the room
where the abashed visitor was in waiting to apologize for his
behaviour, and the injuries he had inflicted. When he be-
held my husband, he started back, as well he might, and
almost groaned, so shocked was be at the dreadful state iu
which his friend appeared. Mr. Mathews had coloured his
face as.if bruised ; but the additional expression of suffering
which he contrived to throw into it was wonderful, even to
me, who was in the secret. Poor
tears, walked about the room in all the agony of shame and
remorse, declared he would never more exceed a reasonable
quantity of the exasperating liquor. and retired a perfect
penitent.—Memoirs of Charles J.llathews.
THE LF.ECH.—The leech is welt known for its important
services as a phlebotomist. The instruments which it uses in
this capacaty are three serrated teeth, which it very adroitly
projects into the flesh, and afterwards applies to the wound a
sucker, by means of which it is enabled to withdraw, Isom
the part it wounds, a large quantity of blood. They are
found numerous in our pools and ditches, and subsist there
by preying upon the anintalculm and other animal& hat live
in these places. There are two kinds of leeches found in
this country, the horse leech and the medicinal leer h. To be
able to distinguish betweeu these is a point sometimes of
great utility, as the former is by no means so adroit and cle-
ver a surgeon as the latter, and frequently his awkward sur-
gery is attended by unpleasant effects. The horse leech is
touch longer, and has a greener, brighter, and more varied
colour than the medicinal leech. It also inhabits stagnant
waters, whilst the other is found in brooks and running
streams. Although the leech occurs very plentifully in many
parts of this island, vet such is the quantity used in this
country; that many thousands are actually imported from the
continent. If we examine the structure of the leech, we
shall find that externally it is composed of a series of rings,
which are, in fact, its sseleton,givsng attachment to its mus-
cles, and support and defence to its organs. it is here, then,
the rudiments of that skeleton commence, which we find
completed in the higher forms of animals, as the crabs and
insects.—The Naturalist.