Star.
London, England, 1826-08-25 00:00:00

SOUTH AMERICA.

Letters and Papers from Lima to the 18th of May,
have been received. It appears that the Members of,
the Peruvian Congress had assembled early in April.—
We have not the proceedings of the opening of the Con-
gress before us, but it is stated that some of the Depu-
ties objected to the regulations for taking the oaths and
conducting the business of the Assembly. These regu-
lations had received the sanction of the Constituent Con-
gress so far back as January, 1824, and a decree for
carrying them into effect was issued by Bolivar on the
Si of March, 1825. This occurrence, it seems, had
gives rise to am apprehension. that BOlivar would 4eave
Peru in disgust; and to avert that suppose., intention,
all public bodies, it is said, addressed him either per-
sonally or in writing. Among t/Aest, a deputation
from the Congress, consisting of embers, presented
to the Council of Government, a petition or memorial,
praying that Bolivar would, for the welfare of the new
American States, retain his present authority, and con-
tinue in Peru one year longer. A copy of the memorial
is given in the Government Gazette. It is of great length,
but the essence is contained in tile conclusion, which
we extract :

" To reduce to precise terms what has been set forth
in this memorial, the undersigned are of opinion, that
until the powers of the Deputies be rendered uniform,—
the representation be compl-red,—the wishes of the
people respecting the revision and reform of the Con-
stitution be ascertained. it be sufficiently ascertained in
what petion public opinion centres for the exeteise of
the supreme magistracy, and the subsistence of the Re-
presentatives be assured, the following resolutions ought
in the mean time to be adopted :
"1. To suspend the convocation of the Congress until next year.
"4. To order the Prefects to make, with all the promptitude and
completeness possible, the Census of the Provinces of the State.
"S. To excite in the peciFle confidence and love of
their Representatives, ii order that, being informed of
the great advantages which the nation must derive from
them, when they act with integrity and gdod faith, the
public may endeavour to indemnify them for the losses
which they will experience in discharging their duty, by
providing for them certain means of subsistence.
"4. To enlighten public opinion, by previously consulting the
provinces on the question, whether the Constitution ought to be
maintained as it is,or reformed.
"S. To consult them also u to the extent of the said reform—
whether radical or only partial.
"6. To ask the provinces whether their Representa-
tives are or are not to delibet ate according to their own
opinions, or whether they are to act under particular
powers, containing specific clauses, describing the kind
of reform, its application, and the capital points on which
it ought to be established.
" 7. In order that the individual who is to exercise
the office of First Magistrate of the State may enter on
his charge with a universal sanction—in order that in
the difficult circumstances under which he will have to
act, public opinion may aid and sui,port him against
those parties which are proceeding to such lenghts, that
the Liberator may absent himself from us; since
we have been already tu ice cruelly deceived by former
Presidencies, it is just th it the pedple should be con-
sulted respecting the Citizen to whom their destiny,
their interests, their glory are to be confided. It is fir,
therefore, that they should be asked whom they wish
the Congress to elect President of the Republic, sup-
posing that the Senate, through which channel he
ought to be proposed, does not yet exist.
" When the measures here pointed out shall have
been adopted—when the supreme 0 ivertiment shall
have received the answer. to the above questions—when
the nation shall be completely agreed as to tire most
important points of its political existence, its funda-
mental law, and Chief Magistrate—then will the mo-
ment be arrived for convoking the Congress, for fixing
a number of the Representatives, and time of meeting.
Then, too, will be the time when all the difficulties and
inconveniences which now exist being removed, opinion
rectified, and order confirmed, the Liberator may,
without danger to the Republic, resign his aetbork/ to
the nation.