Star.
London, England, 1828-01-02 00:00:00

FRENCH. PAPERS.

?kat • viiii4ilidt. oi '40.14.01w...A - ::..'
. ._ .
~.:
~ : Ailis, DI& 99. ,
Drivilikatr:9FT*B illgutoit. .___,
..
1..„".91* the hectolitre GE NF)**
*Shout -Zola& .Mitikallk stocerdies to the most
recent prices current teeetted at-this Office: -
.
.-- . - niers. • • PRICES
.Btoekbolot .Nov. 28 ill Se
,' • Dainsic 10f 7Se • .
1 ' Stettin Nov. 30 301 78c
/known ~..—= 151 20e
. Antwerp Nov. 30 18f 42c
Trieste, Nov. SO -• 161 Ste
Naples • JAE Slie
. Oilti Vecchia Nov. 50 181 56c
Leghorn .• 17f SOc
Nice Dee. 14 20113 c
*lntender • -Nov. SO 14f 4c
Norfolk Oct. 51 . 151 83c
NeW York 3 Quer& 13f 48c
• • France Dec. 16 512 f 36c
In reply to the article froin the Procurator of Lyons,
and inserted in she Anima di Commerce of Dec. 29.
111827, we are authorised 'to declare, that the.preteaded

J.

discussion on the communkatioa or non•cons mu nic ati on
to the Officers of the Crown (11fististrie. public), of the
investigations relative to the events of the 19ih and 20th
of November, has not taken place, and that: the most
perfect harmony prevails between the Commission of
Enquiry and the Parquet, in any thing thatittay tend
to the discovety cf thatrath. -
. , .
/tow furls 4111121111 DE *LANCE, D.Viro DEC. 31. ,
PARIS, Dna. 30.
The-ifairs' of the East may beconsidered under three
principal points of view, viz. the situation of the Porte;
that of the Pacha of Egypt, and that of tbirGreeks.
The Porte it sullen, and threatens ; this is a habit;
perhaps it is calculation, Its sullenness will not 140, its
tbreatenings will end iunothing. We have asked, ivberti
was its field of battle ? it has noneon the sea, and heated
1., preserve it from having one on the land. The existence
of the Porte will be maintained even in Europe, bat
conditions will beton/zed to it. Ts not this all that in
use decline of the Colossus could be hoped.

Let us take another point of view. If we may believe
'what the Area:burg Gazette publishes respecting the late
/events at Scio; the letters from Trieste and Frankfort,
which we have received; and those which have been in-
'eserted in the German Journals, a Greek flotilla has
suffered the fate of the Ottoman fleet. Fabvier at Scio,
Ibrahim at Modon, leave the field open to intervention
had' negotiation. This event would prove that the
:Three.Powers are resolved to attain their object, the
',pacification of the Sea, the extirpation of piracy, the
liberation of European commerce ; they prosecute the'
executions of the Treaty of 6th July. For it is doubtless
the three Powers who have acted at Scio.
Whom will our liberals persuade that there has not
Iseen any connection in she operations, and a perfect!,
'Llanderstanding between the three Admirals, if it has
been found nece3sarr to Cause the Armistice to be re-
spected, or to act with severity towards the. pirates?---,
Does not the letter written in common to the Govern-
meot of the Greeks exphim every thing? Has the Pro-1
clamation of Lord Cochrane need of a comment?—
Have not the vessels which were in a condition to fight,
whether they were Russian, English, or French, re.
inained under the command of Admiral de ltigny ; as
they were at Navarin, under that of Admiral Codring-
ton ? Why should not •the‘bree great Powers execute
what the Gook- Government. orders and what it cannot
attain? Ate we not told that forty Greek vessels are
Strived to destroy the,pirates? The policy of Mahomet.
Pacha is the inexhaustible subject of the conjectures,
and even of the reproaches of the Opposition, for they
almost make a, crime_of the wag fraid which he shews.
It is true that French commerce might suffer by the re-
sentment of that -Prince, that it does suffer even from
the uncertainty which is affected respecting his instruc-
tions. Bat what matters it The debtor a side of the
account of the Ministers would be the more swelled. One
Journal of.the, party alone. has comprehended the in-
decorum, and even the absurdity of these attacks and
these doubts. It takes it for the text of.** very wise
lecture to its brethren, who will not pay any regard to
it. For how should they fill. up their papers if they
were to insert nothing but truths ?
We have been rallied for having announced this event

now, it is the turn of the Pecia to be rallied, for we
have here two or three dozen of clever fellows who
understand interests of all kinds better than the persons
interested. Undoubtedly, something snore fortunate
might happen to the Pacha,miz.—”to be warned in time.
But, in :good policy, the preservation of his Beet was
not his first interest ; there war another superior to 1t
which we leave it to the clear sighted men of the party
to guess at, and certainly the victory of Navarin is not
contrary to that interest. Consider their views, and
venture to draw the conclusion.
A letter from Alexandria, of ,November 9, received
int Trieste,on the 17th of December, confirms whet we
have said•of the tranquillity of. that capital, and the pa-
'cific sentiments of the. Viceroy.
The Austria's Observer of the 21st, euelains no news
from Greece, except an extract from the f,Wu Gazette
respecting the capture of a Pirate by an English 'vessel,
and the battle between the Austrian vessel the Sophia,
and two Greek snisticoes, one. of which attacked by a'
dozen Congress rockets thrown from the Sophia, blew
up:. only six of the crew were picked up, and bet' three
of those were Greeks; the others were Auttriawand
'Sardinian subjects.

•
MESSAGE OF THE pastintmirr,
111, rig a UNWED STATES, coblienNleAllit new.
Bolls 1; AT THE COMIIENCIIMENT
•OS THE TWENTIETH coNnacas, ••I't
(ll‘ TIM SENATE AND ..HOUSE os aspRISEWIPATIWIes or *
THE UNITED STATES.
Mew:citizens of the Senate, and of the lame of
Sepresentatives I
A revolution of the 'seasons has nil bait tom.
pleted once the Represeritatives of the Peopliamilikates
of this Mon were hiss assembled at this pliisol.44ll.
berate cad to act upon the common insposOlitillpilMa
of their constituents; In that interval the neer dint• •
Wring eye -of a wise and benefieent PIiaViDENCI
continued- Ilk guardian care over the welfare or Oar
beloved country. The blessing of health has continued
, generally to prevail -throughout the land. The blessing
of peace with our beldleal of the human race has been
eajoyed without-hasereption ; listened quiet has left one
Mowsciliseal in tbii fall enjoyment of all their lights:
aid in Ile Brie eameise of el their:facades, to pantie
the burly of their Inure, and the obligition of their
distyoa the inakovensant of their own conditiott.• The
predictions of the.soil, the exchanges of commerce, the
ralvifying labours of human industry, have combined to
eningle.in our cup a portion of enjoyment as large and
liberal as the indulgence of HEAVEN bat pethiparier
granted to the imperfect state of man upon earth; and
as the purest of bomah felicity consists in its pattkipa.
tion with ethers, it is no small addition to the sum cf
ottr national happiness, at this time,'that peace and pie-
.sperity prevail to a degree seldom experience-el over the
whole habitable globe ; presenting, -though as yet' with
painful exceptions, a foretaste:of that blessed period of
promise, when the lion shall lie down with the lamb.
and wars- shall be no more.

U

To preserve, to noprotte., as to perpetuate the sources,
and to direct, in-their most efFeetive • channel', the
streams which contribute io the public weal,-is the
purpose for which Government was instituted. Otieeta
of deep importance to the welfare of the Union ate
constantly recurring, to demand the attation of the l''.'
Federal Legislature; and they call with accumulated
interest, at the first meeting of the two Hooses, after
their periodical renovation. To present to their con-
sideration from time to time, subjects in which the
interests of the nation are most deeply involved, and For
the tegulation of which the Legislative will is alone
competent, is a duty • prescribed by the-Constitution, to
the performance of which the first meeting of the sew
Congress is a period eminently appropriate, and Width
is now my purpose to discharge.
Our. relations of friessiship with the other nide* of
the earth, political and commercial, have been relived.
unimpaiied ; and the opportimities Os introit. theisk,
have been cultivated 'with anxious 'aid nnretbittpag at.
tention. A negotiation upon subjects of hlghteidde-
Beate interest with the Governhient of Great Britain. has
terminated in the adjustment of some of the. goes-
tains at issue upon satisfactory • terms, and the
postponement of others for future discussion* and
agreement. The purposes 'of the ConAntion cal.
eluded-art ett.lkeenburgh on the 12th day ofJulyp,lB22
i ender the mediation of the late 'Emperor Alexaades'
have been carried into effect by a subsequent Coevesi-'
don, concluded at London on the 13th of•Novelliber•
1826, the ratifications of which were exchatterlat that
plait on the 6th day of February last. A chpy of the
Proclamation issued orethe, 19th day of March last,
publishing this Convention, is herewith communicated
to Congress. The sum of twelve hundrel and four
thousand, nine hundred:and sixty dollars, ti erein stip°.
fated to be paid to the claimant itolemnity under
i the first article of the Treaty of Meat, has been duty
received ; and the commission instituted conformably
to the Act of Congress on the 2d of March last, for Me
distribution of the indemnity to the persons entitled, to
receive it, are now in Session, and approaching the
consummation of their labour,. The final disposal of
one of the most painful topics of collision between the
United States and Great 13titain, not only affords an
occasion of gratulation to otlrselves, but has had the
happiest effect in promoting a friendly disposition, and
in softening asperities upon other subjects of discirssion;
nor ought it to pass without the tribute of a frank and
cordial acknowledgment of the magnanimity with
which an honourable nation, by the reparation of their
own wrongs, achieves a triumph more glosioes than
any field of blood can ever bestow. .
The Conventions of 3d Jul*, 1815, and•of 20th Oct:
1818, will expire by their ovin limitations on the 20th
of October, 1828. These have regulated the direct
commetcial intercourse between the United States and
Great Britain, upon terms of the most pet fect recipro-
city; and they effected a temporary compromise of
the respective rights and claims to territory westward
of the Rocky Mountains. These arrangements have been
continued for an indefinite period of time, after the
expiration of the abovementioned Conventions; leaving
each party the liberty of terminating them, by giving
twelve months notice to the other. The radical prin-
4ciple of all commercial intercourse between independent •
nations, is the mutual interest of both parties. It is the
vital spirit of trade itself ; nor can it be reconciled to
the nature of man, Or to the primary laws of human
society, that any traffic should long be willingly pur-
sued, of which all the advantages are on one side, and
an the burdens on the other, Treaties of commerce
have been found by experience to be air.olgst the most
effective ibstroments for promoting peace and harmony
between nations whose interests, exclusively considered
on either side, are brought into frequent collisions by
competition. In framing such trea)tes+ it is the duty of
each party, not simply to urge withskieldingpertina-
city to that which suits its own inteKst, but to concede
tibefally to that which is adapted to the interests of the_
other. To accomplish this, little more is generally
required than a simple observance of, the rule of teat.:
pro City ; and were it possible for, the statesmen Of Odft•
nation, by stratagem andmanagethent, to blatint 40* ,
the weakness or Ignorance of anothransoier-ripachinit ~
treaty, skit a Compiet would proveen incentive to!svain
I*
rather than *bond of peace. Oueconventions with Gi* .
Britain are founded upon the principles or r.!eipeicit
The commercial intercourse between the tifil coillite
is greater in /negated, and amount dui) befwein alit
other two nations'etthe globe. It is, for in pposet
of benefit or advantage to both, as preciousoind in' all*
probability, far inOre extensive than if the pm ties trete
still constituent inks of one aed - the 'satire nation.-.:
Treatifibetsfeett anth Statesilregttlati rig Me intercourse
of pease Witten thinVand adjusting interests of Arch

.l y _

_A.E...-.=-......

• -.Jo;

her, 1782, and Septembei,vl7BB,, between the United
States and Great Britain, and which terminated the
war of our independence, a line of boundary was
lehltieti as the demarcation of territory between the tem
eondtries, extending over nearly twenty degrees of
latitude, and ranging over seas, lakes, and mountains,
then very imperfectly explored, and scarcely opened to
the geographical knowledge of the age. In the progress
of discotery and settlement by both parties since that
tone, several que,tions of boundary between their re-
*. spettive territories have arisen, .which` nave been found
of exceedinplydifficult adjustment. At te close of the last
• war with Great Britain, four of these questions pressed
ra themselves upon tire consideration of the negociators of
• : the Treaty of Ghent,but w ithout the means of conclUding
a definitive arrangement concerning them. They wete
seferred to three separate commissitsia.mmaisting.of
two Commissioners, one appointed-lay each party; to
decide and examine upon cieir respective claims. In
the es ent of disagreement between the Commissioners,
it was provided that they should make reports to their
several Governments; and that the reports should
• finally be referred to the decision of a Sovereign, the
• common friend of both. Of these-Ciimmissions, tseis
• have already terminated their sessions and investiga-
. tions, one by entire, and the other by partial agreement.
The Commissioners of the fifth article of the Treaty of
Ghent have fin,ally disagreed, and made their conflict-
ing reports to their own Governments. But from these
reports a great difficulty has occurred in making up a
questionoo be decided by the Arbitrator. This purpose
has, however, been effected by a fourth Conventiolt,
concluded at London by the Plenipotentiaries of the
. two Governments on the 29,h of Septembet last. It
wiH be submitted, together with the others, to the con-
sideration of the States.
While these questions have been pending, incidents
have occurred of conflicting pretensions, and of dan-
gerous character, upon the territory itself in dispute
between the two nations. By a Common understanding
between the Governments it was agreed that no exercise
of exclusive jurisdiction by either party, while the no-
: gociatiun was pending, should change the state of the
question of right to be definitively settled. Such colli-
, woo had nevertheless recently taken place. by occur-
reitces, the precise character of which has not yet been
ascertained. A communication from the Governor of
. the State of Maine, with accompanying documents and
a correspondence-between the Secretary of State and
. tire Minister of Great Britain, on this subject, are now
communicated. Measures have been taken to ascertain
• the state of the facts more correctly by the employment
of a special agent to visit the spot where the alleged
outrages have occurred, the result of whose inquiries,
when received, will be transmitted to Congress.
While so many of the subjects of interest to the
friendly relations between two countries have been so
AT far adjusted, it is matter of regret that their views re-
specting the commercial intercourse betweenahe•United
States and the British Colonial possessions have net
• equally approximated td a friendly agreement. •
. At the comrnencenont ofshe last Session of Gong
/they were informed of the sudden and unexpected ea,
elusion by the British Government of access, in vessels
of the United States, to all their colonial ports, except
• those immediately bordering upon our own territories:
In the amicable discussions which have succeeded the
adoption of this measure, which, as it affected harshly
the interests of the United States, became a sobject'of
expostulation on our part, the principles upon Which its
juktificatiop has been placed have been of a diversified
character. It has been at once ascribed to..a, mere
recurrence to the old long evabltshed principle of
, colonial monopoly, and. at the same time to a feeling
of resentments bet use the offers of an Act of Par-
liament opening tWcolonial ports upon certain condi-
. tiens had not been grasped at with sufficient eagerness by
,an instantaneous conformity to them. At a subsequent
,period it has been intimated that the new exclusion was
.in resentment, because a prior Act of Parliament of
1822,opening certain colonial ports under heavy and bar-
. dansome restrictions, to vessels of the United States,liad
not been reciprocated by anYadmission of British vessels
from the colonies, and their cargoes, without any reside-
, Aiwa or discrimination whatever. But,be the motive for the
.interdiction what it may, the British Government have
manifested no disposition, either by negotiation or by
corresponding legislative enactments, to recede frorroit,
and we have been given distincaly to onderstand, that
,neither of the Bills, which were under the consideration
of Congress at their last Session would have been
deemed sufficient in their concessions to Wye been re-
wnded by any relaxation from the British interdict.
It is one of the inconveniences- inseparably connected
with the attempt to adjust by reciprocal legislation in-
aterests of this nature, that neither party can know what
would be satisfactory to the other ; and that after en-
acting -a Statute for the avowed and sincere purpose of
conciliation, it Will generally be fouud utterly inade-
quate to the expectations of the other party, and will
terminate in mutual disappointments.
• The Session of Congress having terminated without
'any act upon the subject, a Proclamation was issued
on the 171.11 of March last, conformably to the prod-
.sioes of the 6th section ache Act of Ist March, 1828,
declaring the fact that the trade and intercourse au-
thorised by the British Act of Parliament, of 24th June,
1822 between the United State!, and the British enu-
merated Colonial Ports, had been, by the subsequent
Acts of Parliament of the .sth July. 182.5, and the Or-
der of Council of 27th July, 11126, prohibited. The
effect of this Piochttnation, by the terms of the Act
sander which it was issued, has been, that every provision
of the Act concerning Navigation, of Bth April, 1810.
and of. the Act supplementary thereto of the 15th
1820. revived, 'nod is in full force. -Such, then, is the
present conditiouti the trade, that useful as it is to both
parties, it can, with a single momentary exception, be
carried on directly by, the vessels of. neither. That
exception itself is found io a proclamation of the Go-
vernor of the Island of St. Christopher, acid of the
Virgin Islaods, inviting for three nfronths,„(rona the 211kh
of August last, the importation, of the *tides of the
produce of the Udited States, Witch constitute their
export portion of this trade in the vessels of all nations.
I'hat period having already expired, the state of mutual
interdiction has again taken place. .The British Govern
-ot only declined negotiation upon this sub-
priociple they ba assumed with
have precluded even ;he
he Means of nog*
:runes ill the self respiict •of the United,
solicit gratuitous figlaurs, or to accepC
favour that for while an amble equis
It reulaius to be detettnipedby the

••1•••1.•.=•••

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'eminent' whether- the trade 01-Lall.,b!
tapart from ttre
tis-ocafootercyipricoswa
a distabanceof the usual
beersuitained by lb -
.shokSivhw,:laA
rion rip F: 14 in the
ads, resulnttrint
hasfisroco
, nrigarse• wor the reveuoe of the United
me of magnitude is to be apprehended
ingier
mstaatreitionit
emoatnnefdcollttmetmedl;ctiat
nations
of
nercourse continues. with little variation.
,lion, by the roovention of the 24.111 of
purse, 1g22, of all discriminating dories upon the vessels
of the United States and of France, in either country,
our trade with that nation has increased and is increas.
inc. A disposition on the part of France has been ma-
nifested to renew that negotiation ; and, in acceding to
the proposal, we have expressed the shish that it might
be extended to other objects, upon which a good under-
standing between the parties would be beneficial to the
interests of both. Tice origin of the political relations
between the United States and France is coeval with
the first years of her independence. The memory of it
is intern oven with that of our arduous struggle for na-
tional i xistence. Weakened as it has occasionally been
since that time, it can by us never be forgotten ; and
we should. ha 1 with exultation the moment which
should indicate a recollection equally friendly in spirit
en the pat tof France. A fresbeffort has recently been
made by the Minister of the United States, residing at
Paris, to obtain.* contideratien of the just claims of
chime, of the United States, to the reparation oftwtongs
long since committed, many of them frankly acknow-
ledged, and. all of them entitled, upon every principle
of justice, to a'easictid ealtVination.' The propcsal last
made to the French Gtieernsient has beers to refer the
subject, which has formed an obstacle to-this considera•
tio.., to the determination of, eScreeign, the.oomtnon
fricnd of both. To this offer no definitive answer hes
yet been received ; but the gallant and honourable spirit
which has been at all times the pride and glory Cii.
France, will not ukintately permit the detualsas of iii-
neicent sufferers to be extinguished in the mere coo-
sciousness of the power to reject them.
A new Treaty of Amity, N ivigation, and,Commerce,
has been concluded with the Kingdom of Swe.:eo, which
will be' submitted to the Senate for the r advice with
regard to its ratification. At a more recent date, a
Minister Plenipotentiary from the Hanseatic Republics
of Hamburg!), Lubeck, and Breoen, has been received,
charged with a special mission for the negotiation of a
'Treaty of Amity and eommerce between that ancient
and renowned league and the United States. This net
gociation has accordingly been comnienced, and is now
in progress, the recruit of which, if successful, will be,
also submitted to the Senate for their consideration,
Since the accession ohlie Emperor Nicholas tothe
Imperial Throne of:All the Rosaias,ahe ft iendly dispo-
sitions towards the United States, so constantly mini.
.felted by his predecesscre,have continued unabated, 1041
have iecently been testified by the. appointment of e
Minister Plenipotentiary to :aside at thisplace. Prows
the interest taken by this Sovereign, in behalf of the
suffering Greelts,•and from the spit iewith "which oiherd
of the Great European Powers are cooperating with
him, the friends of freedom and of humanity may in-
dulge the hope that they will obtain relief from that
most uneqoall of conflicts, ohicb they have so long and
so gallantly su t ised; that they will enjoy the blessing
of self-government, 'which, by their sufferings in the
cause of liberty, they hive'so richly earned t. and that
'their independence will be se- tired by those liberal- in-
hiitutiona, of which their country (vanished the eatliest,
reiampks in-the. blow otAxiankivd, and which have.
conseckatedto immortal remembrance* very soil for
l'which they are nowagain profusely pout inglottb their
lialci6d..' -The tinspathies units which the people and
Government of the United 'Stater-have so warmly in-
dulged with their coluie• have been acknOwledged by
:tlteit. Government iti'h letter- of thanks, which I have
received from their illustricitti- President, a •translation
of which is now communicatedlo Congress, the Re-
presentatives of that nation -to whom this tribute cf
gratitude was ii:tended to be paid, and to whom it was
justly due.
In the American hemisphere-the cause of freedom
Land independence has continued to prevail; and if sin,
Oalised by none of those splendid triumphs which hat?
crowned wilt glory some of the preceding years. its has
(oly beeq from:the banishment of all eternal fore.
against which the struggle had been maintaine.i. • The
shout of victory has been superseded by the expulsion
,of the earthy rarer whom it could have beekaehierred.
Our friend', wishes and cordial good-will, which have
constantly followed the southern nations of America in
all the vicissitudes of the war of independetice,*se sec-:
ceeded. by a solicitude, equally ardent and cordial, that,
by the wisdom and putity rt their inititutimas they
may secure to themselves the choicest blessings of social
order, and the best rewards of virtuous liberty. Dis:
claiming ;like all right and all intention of interfering
in those concerns which it is the prerogative of their in-
dependence to regulate as to tlsern shall seem fit, we hail
with joy every indication of their prosperity, of their
harmony, of t. cir persevering and infletible homage to
those principles of ireedoro attOof equ .1 rights, which
are alone suited ttsthe genius end temper of theAmericatil
nations. It has be: n, thereto; e, with some concern that
we have °bleared indications of intestine divisions in
some of the Republics of the South, awl appearances
of less union with one another than we believe to be the
interest of all. Among the results of this state of things
has been that the Treaties concluded at Panama do not
appear ta.have been ratified by the contracting parties,
and that the meeting of the Congress at Tacubaya has
been indefinitely postponed. In accepting the invitation*
to be represented art this Congress, a hile a manifest
tient was intended .on the pact of the United States of
the most friendly disposition• towards the Southern
Republics by whom-it had hem proposed, it was hoped
that it would furnish an opportunity for bringing all
the nations of this hemisphere to the common acknow-
ledgment and adoption of the principles, in the regula-
tion of their international relations, which would have
secured a lasting peace and harmony beteeco them,
and have promoted the cause of mutual benevolence
throughout the globe. But as obstacles appear to have
arisen to the re.asS‘nabling of the Congress, one of the
two Ministers commissioned on the part of the Unitea
States has. returned to the bosom of his country, while
the Minister charged with the ordinary mission to
Mexico. remaiosauthorised to.attend at the con'erences
of the Congress wheneser they may be resurool.
A hope as asior.a shirt time entertained char a Treaty
of Peace, actually sighed tintweeii the Gore, intents of
13ueilos Ayiei and.lisazil, would supersede all further'
occasions for those collisions between helliaerent cre-
tension, ised..mastral rights, Tiiich ate so commonly the,
tenth ufvemititne wat,and which has, unfortunately di...
lal bed the harmony of the :el trim s between the United
States Widths Brazdi in Governments. At thee last S.--
nem, Congteas we!r in fox rot:cit.:Ai some of die:naval offi-
teas of th.st cm; i e had Aovaisced to..and practiseit upoo,
principles. in relsrioti toiblockas:es att.+, oeutAitt
.intiriga-
Loa, whim) we could not Skfictii:E; ..•• t. .w... t
44114, i
commanders loui:d It necessary • ie..' • It. .t IA

t•

that-they hire not been sustained by.tl:e•Govestatreot
Brasil itselff • Some of the vessels captured under we'
assumed atittfority ef .fhpse erroneous principles haw
been restored; and we-U*li that our kis! expectations
will be realized, Und that adequate indemnity vvill be
made to all citizens of the United S aces who have
suffered by th unwarranted captures which the Brazi•
Tian tribunals themselves have pronounced unlawful.

In the diplomatic discussions at Rio de Janeiro, of
hese wrongs sustained by citizens or the United States,
and of others, which seemed as if emanating immedi•
ately from that Government itself, the Charge d'A ffa:r es
of the United States, under an impression that his repre-
sentations in behalf of the tights and interests of his
countrymen were totally disregarded and usele.s,
deemed it his ditty, without waiting for instructions, to
terminate his official functions, to demand his pass-
ports, and return to the United States. This movement,
dictated by an honest zeal for the honour and inter est of
his counts y, motives which operated exclusively upon the
mind of the officer who resorted to it, has not been disap-

proved by me. The Brazilian Government, however,
complained of it as a measure for which nu adequate
intentional cause had been given by them; and upon an
explicit assurance, through their Charge d'Affaires,
residing there, that a successor to the late Represen•
tative of the United States near that Government, the
appointment of whom they desired should be received
and treated with the respect due to his eharacte-, end
that indemnity should be proniptl) made for all it-juries
ionieted on citizens of the United States, or their pro-
'petty, contrary to the laws of nations, a temporal
commission as Charge d'Affaires to that c' untry, has
been issued, ss hick' it is hoped will entirely restore the
ordinary diplomatic intercourse bet-wren the two Go-
veiiments, and the fsiendly relations be ween their
respective tratiims.
..Turning hosts the momentous concerns of our Union,
in its intercourse with foreign nations, to abuse ot..the
deep a- interest in the administration of our i.ternal
stelfind the reve:.ues of the pre,ent year cones-
ponding as nearly.; might be expected, with the anti-
cipations of she last, and presenting an aspect still more
favourable to the promise of the next." The balance in
the versdry on the Ist of January 14.4 was 6 358,686
dollars and 18 cents. The receipts from that day to.
the 30th of September List, as near as the returns of
them yet received can shew, amount to 16,886,581 and
32 cents. The receipts of the present quarter, estimated
at 4.51.5 cioa added to the above, form an aggtegate of
21.400,000 dollars of receipts. The expendituie of the
year may pet haps amount to 22 300,000 dollars, pre-
tenting a small excess over the receipts.
But of these 22 millions, npwaris of six have been
applied to the discharge of the principal of the public
debt ; the wholeamount of which, apps °aching seventy-
tOnrmiili _as on the laid January last, will on the first
day of next year fall short of sixty-seven millions and a
half. The Warne in the treasury on the Ist of-January
next, it is expected,'will exceed five millions—four hun-
dred mulish), . thousand dollars, a sum exceeding that
of the lit of January. 1825, though falling short of tbit
exhibited on the Ist of January last. •
' It Was foreseen th tt the revenue of the present Year
' would not equal that of the last,. uhich had itself been
less than that of the next preceding year. But the hope
has been realised which was entertained.-that these 'de-
; ficiencies would in no wise interrupt the steady open t-
' tion of the discharge of the public debt by the annual
ten millions devoted to that &inject by the Act of Sd
Marchß 18er-

Made :-- •

Columbia.

. .
t The moon of duties recured on merchandise im-
pacted front the commencement of the year until the
Seth• of September last, is twenty-one millions two
hubdired Ind* tvienty-sis thousand, and the Probable ,
amount .of that which will be secure./ during the
remainder of the year, is five millions seven hundred
and seventy four rhonsand dollars; impinge sqrn Mal-
of twenty seven millions. With"the illowapc& Jor
draw backs andenntingent deficiencisi which may occur,
though not specifically foreseen, we may safelyestimate
the receipts of the ensuing. year at twenty two millions
three hundred thousand dollars ; a revenue for the next
equal toy the expenditure of the present year.
The deep solicitude felt by our citizens of all classes
throughout the Union for the total discharge of the
public debt. will apologize for the earnestness With
which I dean it my duty to urge this •topic upon
the consideration of Congress—of recommending .to,
' thew' again the .obser ranee a- the stricteft _economy
in the application of d'e public funds. The deptession
upon the receipts of the a evenue which had commenced
-with the year 1826, continued with increased severity
during the two first quarters of the present year. The
returning tide.began to flow with the third quarter, and
so tar as we can judge horn experience, may be expected
to continue rill ough the course of the ensuing year. In
the mean time, an alleviation from the burthen of the
public debt sill in three years have been effected to the
amount of nearly sixteen millions, and the charge of
annual interest will have been reduced upwards of one
million. But, among the maxims oT political economy
which the stewards of the public monies should never suf.
ferwithout urgent necessity to be tt anscended, is that of
keeping the expenditures of the year within the limits
of its receipts.' The appropriations of the two last yea's,
including the yearly urn millions of the sinking fund,
have each equalled the promised revenue of the ensuing
year. While we foresee with confidence that the public
coffets will be replenished from the receipts, as fast as
they will be drained by the expenditure, equal in amount
to those of the current year, it should not be forgotten,
that-the} could ill suffer the exhaustion of larger dis•
. ben sertients.
, The condition of the army, and all the branches of the
publielervice under the superintendence of the Secre-
tary of War, will be seen bythe leis( rt from that officer,
and the documents with which it is accompanied.
During the course of the last summer, a detachment
of the army has been usefully and successfully called
to perform their appropriate duties. At the moment
when the Canunissioners appointed for carrying into
esetutictn certain provisions of the.Tteaty of Aug. 19,
182.5, with whops tribes of the North.western Indians,
were oboist to arrive at; the appointed place of meeting,
ttbe soptovoked mussier of several citizens, and other
acts et unequivocal hostility, committed by a party of
the 'Winnebago tribe, due cf those associated in the
Treaty, 'followed by
:the indications of a menacing
character, Among other tribes of. the same region,
tendtaed necessary an immediate display of the de-
fensive and protective force of the Union in' that 'quer-
ter. It was accordingly exhibited by the immediate
aid. concerted movements of. the 'Governors of the
State of Illinois and of the Territory of Michigan, and
competent levies of Militia under their authority ; with
a corps of seven hundred stew_ of United States troops
under the
.cpmenend of General Atkinson, who, at the
Cell of Govesnor Cass, immediately repaired to the
, With! at 4*ft evi from their station 'at St. Louis. Their
prese'nce tlispeltettire :slams of our fellow•citizens on
ithose bordesetand Overawed the hostile purposes of the
Indians. Ilk perpetrators. of the. murders were stir-,
andeted.td theauthot it y sad operetion Of our laws Fuld

i

.eery appearance of purposed basil!
dian tribe bat subsided.

Al It 'ugh the present organization
ie adminibtration of its ♦arious '

are upon the whole satisfactory, they
of much improvement in particular
have been heretofore ikeboaitted to

Congress, and others are now first
port of the Secretary of War.

The expediency of providing for
of officers in the y.wo corps of Engii
degree depei:d upon the number ani
jects of nAtMnal importance upon VI
think It proper that surveys should

ably to -ate Act of the 30th April, I€

which before the List Session- of CI

made under the authority of that

I. Of the Board it Internal Improvement, on
and Ohio Canal.
2. On the continuance of the National Roo& from
to the Title Waters within the district of ColdrObia.

3. On the continuation of the National

4. On the keational Of the National /to

5. On the continuation of the same road

mtnt in Alistouri.

6. Oa a Post Road from Baltimore to Phi
7. On a survey of Kennebec Riser (in pai
8. On a National Road (ruin Washington
9. Oa the survey of Saugatuck Harbour
10. Oa, a Cnal, from Lake Ponichatrain
River.
11. On a survey -at Bagartown, Newbi
.• , •
Harbour.

12. On a survey of Lake Plaisanee Bel
liicbipn.

A nckrepoirteare now prepared, and
to-Coogresa—
Oa saiveys of the Peninsula of Florida, to ascertain
the practicability of a canal. ter connecrthe waters of
the Atlantic with the Gulf of Mexico, across that Pen-
•insola; and also of the country between the Bays of
Mobile and of Pensacola, with the view of connecting
them together by a canal. •
On *omits of a route for a canal to connect the
.waten_of the James and Great Kenhawa riven.

pa the surveys of the Swash in Pimlico Sound, and
AM of Cape Fear below 'the town of Wilmington, is
Notth Carolina.
. .
suivey of the Muscle Shoals in the Tenessee
.River, aid,t route for a contemplated communication
between *ll4liwnsee and Coosa rivers, in the State of
Alabama..
Other reports of surveys upon objects pointed out by
the several Acts of Congress of the last and preceding
Sessions are in the progf.sioof preparation, and•most of
them may be completed before the close of this Session.
All the officers of both corps of engineer* with several
other persons duly qualified; hate.been constantly ent-
, plotted upon these services from the passage of the Act of
30th April, 1824, to this time. Were no other advantage
to accrue to the country ft cm their labours than the fund
of topographical knowledge which they have collected
and communicated, that alone would have been a profit
to the Uniop mote than adequate to all the expenditures
which have been devoted to the object; but the.appre-
priations for the repair and continuation of the Quasi.
Berland Road, for the construction of various other
Roads, for the removal of obstructions from the Rivers
end Harbours, for the erection of Light Houses,
Beacons, Piers, and Buoys, and for the completion of
Canals undertaken by individual asscciations, bin need-
ing the assistance of means and resources more com-
prehensive than individual enterprise- can command,
may be ennsideted rather as treasures laid up horn, she
contrihutiopi et the present age bathe benefit of posterity
thaw as unrequited applications of the accruing revenue
of the nation. To each object of permanent improve-
mentto the condition of the country, of real addition
to the wealth as well as to the comfort of the people by •
whose authority and resources they have been effected,
from three to four millions of the annual income of the
nation have, by I i yrs enacted at the three most recent
Sessions of Congress, been applied, without intrenching
upon the necessities of the Treasury ; without adding a
dollar to the taxes or debts of the community ; without ,
suspending even the steady and regtilar discharge of the
debts contracted in former days, which, within the
three lens, have beert.diminished by the amount of
nearly sixteen millions of dollars.
Tpe stiveirervations •Ili., in a great degree, uppli,
. • .
5411141.9 !LIP grupriations maue tor fortifications upon
the eosin and bat,bouts of the United States, for the
maintenance of the Military AcadeMy at West Point
and for the various objects under the superintendence
of the Department of the Navy, The Report of the
Secretary of the Natty, and those from the subordinate
branches of both Military Departments, exhibit to the
Congress, in minute detail, the present condition of the
public etablishrnents dependent upon them; the eat;
cution of the acts of Congress relating to them, and the
views of the Officers engaged in the several branches..
of the service concerning the improvement;, which Mil.
tend to their perfectioe. The fortification or the coasts,
and the gra.tual increase and improvement of the navy,-
aye parts of a great system of national defence, which
has been upwards of ten years in progress, and which, for
a series, of years to come, will continue to claim the con-
stant and persevering protection and superintendenceof
legislative authority, Among the measures which have
emanated from these principles, the Act of the last
Session. of qpcive..l for the, gradual improvement of the
Navy, bolds ...conspicuous place. The collection of
timber for tbe future construction of vessels of war; the
preservation and reproduction of the species of timber
peculiarly adapted to that purpose; the consideration
of dry docks for the use of the Navy; the erection of a
marine railway for the repair of the public ships, and
the improvement of the navy yards, for the preservation
of the public propetty deposited in them, have all re•
ceived from the Executive the attention iequirect by
the Act, and will continue to receive. it, steadily pro-
ceeding towards the execution of its purposes. The
establishment of a Naval Academy, furnishing the
means at theoretic instruction to the youths %silo drools
their lives to the service of their country upon ate
ocean, still solicits the sanction of the Legislature.
Practical seamanship and the art of navigation may be
acquired upon the cruises of the squadrons, which, Irons
time to time, are dispatched to distant seas t but a cont.
petent knowledge even of the ant of ship building, tlm
higher mathematics and astronomy, the literature which
can place our officers on a level Of polislieJ education
with the officers of other .maritime nations; the know..
ledge of the laws, municipal and national, which in their
intercourse with Foreign States and their Governments,
are called into operation : and abt.,ve all that ak queen,
tance with the principles of I,olikiur and justice, with
the higher obligations of rniiral., and of general
,lawas
human and divine, which constitptu the great distinct*
between the warrior vattiot and the lictused riabbct and
pirate.
,These can be systemapcally taught and emi.
neatly acquired only in a petmaudit; school, stationed
opals -the a,hore, and provided 'with the teachets,, the
insu um and the looks colleerstint and adapted

_ .

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respective Gov
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100 transcendent itti .. • . both, le him' hAve'--tte.-ee.,,opened by acts
6- found, in ion.
i _ Id nod.
.. tty eancelled-or• discontinued, ,Tirvo 'lncbnreniencies
•i - •.. • continuing it force those above-men channekof tea
i ei mere been concluded it
the Plenipoten. commerce, the)
. ) & ..; ,kt f tire two Governments, on the 6th of August' States, and nor
and will .be ibabwith laid before the Senate fm• from this exi.tii
•
. the exercise of their constittstional authority concern- With the oik
;'.it,•
, ing them. .• Europe, our int
4 .in the rxectition of the Treaties of Peace of Novem• Since the ce,sai
bar, 1782, and Septembei,:l7Bs,- between the United done, 1822, of g
States and Great Britain, and which terminated the ol the United
_ _ ...la ..,:el• •

si
4
I
1 .1
1

I 1 r -
anent have not on
jest, but by the
reference to it, ha
ciauon. It b..con
fume., ro ,rto t
j*.tbe t. Ant 44 a
'Wont a es.cted.
•

- •
•
those tt.
•
on of. the stain aid
branches of Attic
!T are yet inecaptitgt
larsi some of -which
clua.cansideratiars yf
pte.l tcd•in thElte.
r additional
,gineets, will iu kaki
nd tent of the
h• Conran," 1/. ty
l barnacle, nonfatal.
ICS*. Of tile larva's
Conkresx had hoed
lat Act, reports- Witt
me" on cie Cbeaastr
Rea; from Cotaberfr:od
Cold robla.
al Itoad fr,..r.lC.tritoa.t-
Rcod from
d to the rest or
Philadelphia.
part). -
'.on to BOCA*.
r and Aileen
iatraill. to the Missisiippf
lAselytrt, and Hyannis
Bei, im the Territory of
•
and Will be submitted
FloliJo, to ascertain