Star.
London, England, 1828-07-14 00:00:00

CHINA

CANTON, 15.
•On the 23d December, the Governor of Macao, Sr.
Moaquim Moraao Garcez P.4lba, and the late Com-
mander of the troops, Colonel JOAO Cabral d'Estifique,
embarked in the ship Conde do Rio. Pardo, on their re-
turn to Goa. The Government is now temporarily
vested in a commission, consisting of three persons, and
promises to be more popular than any for some time
past.--The Lady of his Excellency the I-loppo of Can-
ton died a few days since : her death was announced in
the Tartar manner, by saying she had gone " to ramble
among the Genii." The Governor and all the great
Officers of the Province called and expressed their
a vexation."

The last accounts fom Shantong province mention
that as many as nine hundred banditti had been seized
by Government.
T6e Governor of Fokien province has reported to his
Imperial Majesty the jai fficiency of the Coast Admiral.
He was an old Tartar soldier, unaccustomed to, and
very timorous at sea. In consequence of hi. imbecility,
he omitted entirely a naval review, which ought to
have taken place during the summer. He is ordered
to retire from office.

Fes. IL—The Emperor has been absent from the
capital to the eastward, to deposit the remains of the
late Empress, his mother,.in their resting place, and to
pour out libations to her manes.
Fe& 18,—Accounts from Aks9, in Little Bucharia,
state, that in consequence of t' e expense incurred by
repairing the walls of the Mahomedan towns, retaken
from the rebels, a scarcity of money is felt. His Ma-
jesty has therefore ordered a supply cicopper, and a
detachment cf troops to coin it. On the frontiers the
military have been detected in conniving, at natives
poaching, and destroying the stags, whose horns form
a •aluable medicine, and is claimed as Imperial pro.
perty.—We understand that his Reverence the Bishop
of Macao died on the 31st of January last,.and was in-
terred on the 3d current, with all the pomp and cere-
mony usual on. similar occasions. The S,:e evilly remain
vacant until the nomination of a successor by the CoAstt
at Lisbon,

MARCH B.—On the evening of the 25th ult. a smug.
Ong boat, with a quantity of opium on board, was
pursued amongst the islands of Lintin, by a Mandarin,
And in the running fire one of the boatmen was killed,
and two severely wounded. Although the smuggling
party escaped, the event, as all similar ones do,-im-
pressed an alarm upon the opium merchants,. and a
temporary suspension of purchase occurred. The cargo
was intended for Faltshan and Canton.

Mitsui 15.---Our accounts from Pekin, dated the
6th of the 11th moon, contain aothin but changes gnd
promotions of public Officers. The Tartar Generalis-
simo, Chang-ing, had, indeed, recommended a -larger
batch of mei itoribus Officers than the Emperor thought
fit to recognise, and the memorial was rejected.
WEsTEnri TARTARY.—PopuIar rumour has all along
affirmed that the Mahomedan rebel Ctiangkihur had
Russian assistance, and that he has applied to Russia
tor a hundred thousand men. It is not at all imp►oba-
ble that the Tartar Pretender had some Russian Offices s
iu his service. Those who help a man to a throne na-
turally expect to come in for sometning very gond ; and
to put forth the hope of Russian assistance will serve
'the rebels') Purpose, in causing China the expense and
trouble of keepiegi up as army in Bucharia.

PORTUGAL.

• NAM Till* LISBON GAZETTE, DATED JULY 2.

OFFICIAL. • • • .
40 GENERAL STAFFi
General Provoas, commanding the diVislon or the
vanguard, having his head quarters on. the. 2761 at
Pedreira, a league beyond Agialhada„ advanced early in
the morning of the 28th .to meet :the rebels, whom be
foil in with at eight in the morning near Pedoeses,•and
attacking tiern, an action 'ensued, which continued till
night, the result of which was that 'tbey were driven
with great loss from their position,. which our troops
occupied, and on the 29th encamped beyond the bridge
of Mantel. During this night, the rebels retreated in
the direction of Oporto, followed by the Ist Division,
Under General the Viscount de S. Joao de Pesqueira,
who, having directed his movements on the right of the
division of General Pr
,had hs head quarters Xl'
eleven in themOrning r f the 29th between Albergaria
Nova and Albergaria Velha, occupying in the night the'
latter place. "Here follow commendations of the officers
and men.) The-loss of the vanguard in the action of
the '2Bth was—killed, ten corporals . and privates;
wounded, seven Officers, frier sergeants,,and sizty.fve
privates; total killed and wounded, eighty-six.."
FROM THE LISBON G :ZETTE OF JULY 3 :
JULYy 2.—Our troops are rapidly advancing against
the rebels. General Vischuot de Pesqueira marched
with the 3d division from AibergariaVelha, and was on
the 30th at Oliveira Azerneis, whence the rebels re
treated before day break towards Grijo. General Po-
' vo is was advancing in the same direction.
JULY 3.—We learn that the rebels who proposed to
defend the position of Grijo, three leagues from Oport^,.'
abandoned it before they were attacked by the faithful
troops, who continued on the Ist inst. to follow totem
in the direction of Oporto, whither they were understood
to be marching with all haste.
JuNl3o.—Tbegreat object of the decree of the 3dMay,
was this day obtained. His Majesty would not assume
the title of King of Portugal and Algarve and their do-
minions, in consequence merely of the general convic-
don expressed in the acclamations of ail parts of the
kingdom, supported by its clear fundamental laws and
the most weighty reasons; he resolved to listen to the
wish of the nation, represented by the. Three Estates,
and conformable to the legal practice of these king-
dons:. The Three Estates being convoked and amp-
bled on the 23d, as we have related, the three brandies
proceeded on the 25th to discus the important matter
—the Nubility in the Church of St. Roque, the Clergy
in that of St. Antonio da Se, and the Depeties of the
town in that of &. Francisco daCidade. Alter the preli•
urinary proceedings it was proposed, and decided by
acclamation in all the Three Estates, that Senhor Don
Miguel is the only lawful King. of these kingdoms; the
numbers of each Estate were nominated, who were to
draw up the respective acts, which were signed on,
Thursday, and delivered on Friday to the Minister
(Duke de Cadaval), and also the petitiOns which they.
all addressed to his Majesty, that he might also deign
" to provide for his august marriage, that the success
Sion to the Crown May not be endangered by the delay

of such necessary e'spousalf."—(Para que igualmehte se
Diem plover ao Seu 'Augusto Consancio para que nao
perique tanto a Successao a Coroa • com a demora de
tao necessarios desposorios).
On Saturday, the 28th, the Council of State met to
receive the acts and the petitions of the Three Estates,
and to-day the Ministers of State being assembled, the
Decree, signed The King," was sent to each. of the
Three Estates, who were wailing for it in their respec-
tive churches, and in which his Majesty announced to
them the receipt and sanction of their labours. When
this Royal Decree was received in each of the Three
Estates between twelve and one o'clock, it is riot possi-
ble to describe the enthusiasm and acclamations, and
the noise. of the lights of sky-rockets on all sides. Te
Deuas was then performed in each of the three churches.
Addresses of thanks to the King were afterwards drawn
up, which the Estates communicated to each other by
deputies, and the Members then retired to their homes
amidst the acclamations of immense multitudes. In
the evening there was a general illumination of the
city, and the greatest demonstrations of public joy.
JCLY I.—Yesterday, as we said, there was a general
illumination of this faithful city, on the happy declara-
tion of the King our Sovereign. Fort St. George, and
the ships of war, fired a Royal salute at three different
times of the day, and the number of persons of all
ranks was immense, who went to congratulate his Ma-
jesty, and kiss his Royal hand.
To-day the salutes were repeated, as well as the bril-
liant illuminations, and the people everywhere mani-
fested by songs and fireworks their satisfaction, dis-
playing with the greatest tranquillity all their demon.
strations of joy at seeing so worthy a Monaroh seated
on the throne of his ancestors.

(OFFICIAL.)
JULY 4.—Elating approved what has been repre-
sented to me by the Three Estates of the kingdom, con-
voked in the Cortes in this noble and ever loyal city of
Lisbon, to consider the public law of the kingdom, ac•
cepting the title and dignity of King, which belongs t
me .Isi it; fandament 11 laws, which it becomes me
faithfully lo observe, and cause to be observed, it is my
pleasure that henceforward the following form be used :
In the Cartes de Lui, laws, patents, &c." Don Miguel,
by the grace of GOD, King r f Portugal and the M-
garves," &c. &c. In the Alvaras, "I, the King." In
the Portarins,4c. 46 The King, our S ,vereign, orders of
commands." The decrees,-&c. shall be in the form al-
ways used by all the Soveieigns of this monarchy. my
glorious progenitors.
(This' Decter,. addressed to the Minister of State,
Senhor Leite de Barros, is dated• from the Palace of
Ajuda, July 1, 1828, with the Rubric of the King owl
Sovereign.) 1,

ANSWER OF THE PORTE TO THE RUSSIAN:

MANIFESIO..

--

Men of sound judgment and upright minds know,
and reflection trilled with excerience clearly proves,
that the- principal Means of preserving order in thef
world and the repose of nations, consists in the good
understanding between Sovereigns, to whom the Su-
r please Master, in the plenitude of his mercy, has
trusted, as servants of Goo, with absolute and unli-
mited power, the reins cf government, and the admi
tuition of the'siffain of their subjects. lY resul,s trom
this priiiciple ;bit. the solid existence and maintei:aice
of thisisidetof thingfes•eatiOlT depends upon an equal,
end reciprocal observation of the obfigations establish, d
bistween• Sovereigns, which ought, therefore, to be rt...
spected in common, and scrupulously executed.
Gon, all powerful, be praised for this, that the Sob-
lime Krte has, since the commencement of her political
existence; observed those salutary principles mote than
any other Power; and as the confidence f the Porte is
founded on the precepts of the pure and sacred law, and
of the religion which Mussulmans obserive in peace as
well as war, and having never consulted any thing but
the law, even in the slightest circumstances, she has never
-cleviat-A from ere maxims of equity and justice, and, as
is generally known, has never been placed in the situa-
tion of compromising her dignity by infringing, without
any legitimate motive, treaties concluded with.frieudly
PIC/WI:TS.

• It is equally Kell known to the whole world, and
incontestible, that, with regard to the treaties, convcn•
thins, and stipulations, for peace and friendship, con-
cluded under diplomatic forms with Russia, as aneigh-
bouring Power, the Porte has constantly exercised the
greatest care in respecting the duties and rights of good
neighbourhood, and in availing herself of all proper
means for consolidating the bonds of friendship between
the twO'nations.
"The Court of Russia has, however, without any
motive, disturbed the existing peace—has declared war,
acid invaded the territory of the Sublime Porte. Russia
alleges that the Sublime Porte has caused this war,
and has published a manifesto, in which she accuses the
Pot te• of not having executed the conditions of the
treaties of Bucharest and Ackermann—Of ha•ing
punished and ruined the Servians after having promised
them pardon and amnesty--of having deiiianded for-
tresses in Asia which were essentially necessary t Russia
—of having,without regard to the two provinces of Wal-
lachia and MOldavia, punished with death the most dis-
tinguished men of Greece-with having, while publicly
declaring•that Russia is a natural enemy of the Mus-
sulman nation, endeavoured to provoke to vengeance,
and direct against her,•the bravery of. all the Mussul-
man people—of having signed the Treaty.of Ackermann
with mental reservation, seized the cargoes of Russian
ships, and instigated the Court of Persia to make war
upon Russia—and, finally, it is made a subject•of com-
plaint, that the Paschal of the Porte were making war-
like preparation. It is these, and other charges of the
same nature, that Russia has brought forward a series
of vain inculpations, destitute of all real foundation. It
wilt be proper to make each the subject of a reply,
founded on equity and justice, as well as on the real
state of the facts.

Though Russia has published that these are the prin-
cipal motives for the declaration of war, it is, howevel•,
generally known, that the war which terminated with
the treaty of Bucharest was commenced by herself. In
fact, before that war, the Pot te bad, on just and legiti-
mate grounds, dismissed the Waivodes of Wallachia
and Moldavia, and Ruuia then pretended that • these
dismissals were contrary to treaties ; and though the
SUblime Porte, represented in an amicable manner
things under the real aspect, Russia refused to listen
to the reasons advanced; and as she continued to in-
sist in her pretensions, the Sublime Ports, with the

sole view of preserving peace,'Soll in.maintain'ing tbe
relations of friendship, did not hesitate to restore the
dismissed Waivodes, without paying attention
.to the
consequences of such a condescension. But while Rai&
declared herself fully satisfied, and under the migistry
'of Gahib Pacha, then Reis Effendi, officially notified,
through the first interpreter, Counsellor Fonton, that
differences and difficulties existing on that account,.be-
tweet) the two Courts, were completely removed, she
immediately; and unexpectedly, made an attack on the
side of Chutien and Bender. Accoiding to the regular
course, the Sublime Porte demanded explanations from
the Russian Ambassador, who tried to deceive, -'and
formally,disavowed what had taken place, adding that
Russia was in a state of peace and friendship with the
Sublime Porte ; that if war had been intended, the
Ambassador must necessarily have known it ; and that
it could only be supposed that the Russian troops had
some motive for advancing.
When the ftct was finally proved, the Sublime Porte
was under the necessity of resisting:. but having a na-
tural repugnance to war and clue shedding of •blood,
-she imposed on her-self a sacrifice, and signed . the
Treaty of Bucharest. 'lissraia did not respect- the
Treaty. Among ether infractiohs, instead of evacuating
the Asiatic frontier, according to the basis and the
tenour of the Treaty, she unjustly annulled that article,
and regarded with indifference all the well founded
remonstrances of the Sublime Porte. Finally, the Rus-
sian Plenipotentiaries at Ackermann, having altered
and misinterpreted the pure sense of the Treaty, and
being no longer able to answer the convincing argu-
ments of the Turkish Plenipotentiaries, declared that
a long space of time having elapsed since the article
in que,tion had been executed, the fortress claimed
could not be given up. To such language the Turkish
plenipotentiaries might well have replied, that it the
non-execution, in due time and place, of articles offi-
cially stipulated, warranted a total renunciation, the
other articles, the more or less prompt fulfilment of
which was demanded of the Sublime Porte, mi*ht also
remain in state quo. But their instructions did not au-
thorise them to hold a language so tr4eign to the trea-
ties, and so contrary to the law of asthma. And their
mission restricting them to the consolidation of (Ist bonds
of peace, they acceded,. Nevertheless the Ruisian de-
claration represents'this demand of evacuation swim.
ing bad no foundation in fact ; and by pretending that
we had already renounced it, evidently deviates from
the path of truth.
It was agreed that the Russian tariff. should be re-
newed every two years, and the other friendly Powers
have renewed their tariffs according to agreement. The
tariff of Russia, however, has undergone no change for
27 'years. Since the expiration of the term, the renewal
.hris oft times been proposed to the Russian Envoys and
Charges d'Affaires at Constantinople, but the applita-
tion was always made in vain ; Russia refused to do
justice to the well-founded demaudi of the Sublime
Porte. The conduct of Russia, as well in words as in
Actions, in these two affairs of the evacuation and the
tariff, showing so strikingly to what degree she respects
treaties and the principles of equity, how can she-at-
tribute to the Sublime Porte their violation ?. andhow
can such •an irnputatson ever be admitted? •
Tie Imperial-eranesty promised to the Serviens.lor
the part they took in the war with 'Rossi was Hefty
granted atter the peace; and .as a comettnency ot.•the
natural clemency of his Serene Highness, patticutir
concessions assured to them their welfare and theWre-
pose. The same nation afterwards disregarded: the
authority of the Sublime Porte, and dared tossreitolt
separately and by itself. As the Servians -are the sub.
jetts of the Sublime Porte, and as the Ottoman Govern-
ment is entitled to treat them according to . their eon-
duct, either by punishing or pardoning,' the. merited
chastisement was inflicted, and happiness restored to the
country, without the slightest inja y to Russia, or in.
fr ingement of the treaty of Bucharest. This affair cf. Ser.
via, as well as other like points, distinct from treaties,
and even some events of smaller importance, which
ought to be classed under natural accidents, always
served as motives of complaints on the part of Rustia,
and she never renounced her embarrassing proceedings.
However, the Sublime Porte continued to regard • her
as a pacific friend, to pay attention to all affairs which
could have possibly any analogy with the Treaties con-
cluded between the two States, and to obierve scrape.
lously the rules of good understanding. •
S .me time before the Greek insu:recti ,n, the Russian
Envoy, 'llaion Strogonoff, pretending that the &Mime
Porte had not executed certain stipulations, •insisted
in a demand for. conferences relative to the Treaty
of Bucharest. Positive answers and conclusive coh-
Nersations made known to him at different times,-that
as•the articles had already been executed, or being effec-
tively and entirely carrying into execution by the Sublime
Porte, while, on the contrary, Russia had yet to •prove
her amicable fidelity by fulfilling stipulations, the ac-
complishment of which had been deferred on her part,
there was of course no occasion for the reqUired cos-.-
ferences. However, as he persisted in exceeding the
orders of his Court, the opening of the conferences was
at last conceded, but oa the express condition of not
introducing such • objects as might tend to extend the
meaning of Treaties, or change the tenour of Conven-
,tions. In the course of the conferences the Russian
Minister did not fail to raise more than one unreason-
able discussion. However, the articles of the above-
mentioned Treaty were in the course of being exanined,
one. by one, when the Greek insurrection broke out, and
it is notorious that the obstacles occasioned by-that event
were calculated to retard the labour in question.
The fugitive Ypsilante then issued from Rusiia to
invade publicly and unexpectedly Moldavia, at the 'head
of a troop of rebel:. He spread trouble and disorder
through the two principalities. Animated by therai-
merical desire -of 'establishing a preteoded Government
for Greece, he.excited to-revolt the whole cf 'the Greek
people, who are tributary subjects of -the Ottoman Em-
pire from father-to son, misled them by his maimed
proclamationi 'circulated everywhere, and' instigated
them to disown thealuthority of the Sublime Yong.
Every Power 1)Ong authorized to attest and phitith
malefactors within its own territories, and to manage
all internal affairs tending to the maintenance of good
order, as-soon as the flame cf rebellion was lit lip;on
every side,-the Sublime Porte resorted to suitable Ines-
sums, sent' troops. against the-rebels to restore tranquil-
lity, crush rebellion, and'pinge the country, and la-
boured to restore the privileges of the provinces, being
far-from wishing to annihilate them by the destruction
'of the malefactor's. It is evident that no person what-
'aver bad any tight to object to thew and other measures
•

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