Star.
London, England, 1828-04-02 00:00:00

FRENCH PAPERS.

IRON TZI GAZETIR Di PEARCE, MARCH 31.
VIENNA, Maacu 20.
We have aecived bra courier of the Spanish Lega-
tion, who left Constantinople on the IScl 'February, the
,following news, which it is said had a marked influence
on the, minds of the public, whom the rigorous mea-
tares of the pokce and the repoits of war had at first
much alarmed.

On the 20th 'the Danish Minister and the Charges
d'Affaires of Spain and Naples repaired W the Porte,
.on the inVitation et the-Reis Effendi, for the exchange
of the ratifiCations of the Convention signed on the 16th
October Lit, and which admits into the Black Sea the
'gag of those three Powers. On the following day those
Ministers received from the Tbrkish :11inistry, in the
natheef-the Sultan, in exchange for the presents which
they had offered on this occasion, on the part of their
C.ourts, to the. Ministers of the Parte, similar presents,
.nsistingof snuff-boxrs, set with diamonds, for the
Chiefs' of the Missions, and others of inferior value for
the Sectetaries and Interpreters. As the Conventions,
lately ratified, were concluded, according to the Con.
vention of Akermann, the solemn ratificatko of them is
considered as a proof that the Porte is inclined to fulfil
the Obligat'ons restAtiig from the Treaties.
• The Reis Effendivat the same time, caused artisans
to be delivered to. the 'Austrian merchantmen, which
have been long detained, which is sufficient to refute the
report that the tatels resolved completely to close
the Bosphorus. • •
Lastly, we leatik that the Greek Patriarch, who ad-
dressed a Petition some time ago to the Sultan in favour
cf the insurgents, has received a written answer to it,
the contents of which are not precisely known; but we
are assured upon very good authority, that it is con-
ceived in very moderate terms, and that it contains,•
among other assurances, that of an unlimited amnesty.
It grants the insurgents a delay of three months to take
advantage of the amnesty offered, during which time
hostilities both by sea and land are to be considered as
suspended on the part of the Porte.
EGINA. Fissimar 14.
• The President of Greece exerts himself to restore order
in the country, and the three shipsuf war, theWarspite,
the Juno, and tbe Helena, which the Powers have placed
at his disposal, and which now bear the Greek Bag,
second him with great energy. All are eager to show
their submission to him, and rostrums have been set np
in the streets, from which the most eloquent orators ex-
hort the people to gratitude to the Allies, and to obedi-
ence to Count Capo d'lstria. The Deliberative sits every
day, and is engaged on subjects of public utility. The
Couzst freqpently attends. He constantly recommends
union and obedience. A short speech which he latelyt
made, proves that be is a man calculated te bring back
io civilirsation a people who have fallen into barbarism.
" Europe)' said he, " accepts us among its Allies. To
attain so noble an object, I have sacrificed my enjoy.
meats, my health, and my fortune. I would willingly
sacrifice my life, if tLe good of my country required
it . • but I could not resolve, cannot resolve, to risk myi
character for an instant. I demand that my orders be
puncteally executed, and that nobody allows Moor
more opposition to my will than this souff.bort,reh.ck
crush the held in his hand a snuff-box, which he
trample.' nuke his feet) for we etuss yet die,
file who should disregard soy intentions, aray expect
the severest chastisement; for I have'st my disposal a
sufficient force so make myself obeyed. In a few days
the Greek flag will be hoisted on European shipss".-
44,taburg Ciexcale.

~'"`.

_-. . _

that the Church* of our country would at last draw
back from giving sanatiou to such a gross and shan.e-
ful prostitution of one of her most sacred foncti -ns,
which we., that of rendering the Sacrament a necessary
qualification for 'all inclividuals,bf whatever description,
to be- received into office, .which he considered was
owning that most solemn ordinance to the vilest pur-.
pose. He (Lord Holland) did trust, that he would be
excused from giving vent to his feelings, and he ho fed
'their Lordships would;putdoss any warmth that Le
might oo the occasion' betray. tie felt constrained, so
say, that if he should in any respect be.the instrument
of carrying the mrst,ure contained' in that Bail into
effect, be would die satisfied that he had never ren-
dered a more essential service to his country than in
•bus remosi ig one of the greatest barriers to its leap-
p;ness and prosperity. The Noble Lord said, he woul4 •
sugi,est the expediency of not having the 11:11 read W.:••••
'ecoud time until after the Easter recess;
.pod assr.he' •
understood the Nob'e Doke (W I.li4gton) icte 40' •
'stove fqt en adj.cowatment. of the House until Tuesday.
the 13th instaot, he would m..ve that their Lordships.
be summoned for Thursday the 17th, on which occasio*.
be would introduce the. Bill for its second reading. "it
•he same time he wished to acquaiot their Lorcships3lll -
in case any thing should occur to render it advisable la
postpone tie subject to .any more distant perio,tahc
would ern pledge himself to move for its being read a
second time.
His LOBINIIIIT then presented a Petition from the Congregstian
of an Unitarian Chapel in Finsbury-square, praying for a Repeal
of the Test and Corporation Acts, which the Noble Lora obeerved
prayed not only for a Repeal of such laws as affected tht•niscler4,
but also ifor a removal of ad civil disabilities whatever, on
ground of religious differences. •
Lord LANSDOWNpresented the following Petition., rray,rg
for the Repeal'uf the Ten and Corporation Acts—from the .)-
testant Dissenters of North College•street, and other Cltapcils is
Edinburgh; from Proton, in the county of Devon; lions the Con-
amulets of an Independent Chapel, Southampton; Kingabrikr,
Devonshire; from the Assembled Corporate Trades of the btroutis
:Of Arbroath; from the Corporations of Masons, Coopers Natle-
Slaters, and others is Edinburgh; from. Alill-street Chapel:Tett •;
from the Corporation of the City of Perth; from Members of the
Merchants' Company, Ayr; [tom the Merchanis Company, &lin-
burgh; from the Protestant Dissenters of Poole, in Dorset:ll're.;
from the Corporation of Hammermen, Edinburgh; from the Ma-
gistrates and others of the borough of Montrose; Yid from the
Provost, Magistrates, and•Towb Council of Ayr.
Similar Petitions were presented by Lord FA RNH A llf—frout
the Inhabitants of Roselyn ; from the Corporation of Curdwainera
of Mid Lothian • and • front the Provost and Town Council of the
Royal Burgh of Burnt
The Marquis of SALISBURY moved for certain Returns re-
specting Wool.
Lord MELVILLE presented Petitions praying for a Repeal of
the Corporation and Test Acts, from Peebles, Burton; pungan-
non, and other places ; also a Petition from the Roy4.Burgh
of Montrose, for a continuation of Bounties and Pensions ssa
On the motion of Lord SHAFTESBURY several Private Bills
went through their necessary stages. •
The House then adjourned. •
HOUSE OF COMMONS. •
A Report from the Commissioners on the Harbour of New •
Shoreham was presented.
Mr. Tavtoo, front the Coal Meters' Office, presented Return
respecting the last four years.—Ordered to he printed.
Mr. Alderman WAITIIM AN presented a Petition from Mile
End Old Town in favour of the BM for forming a Railway from
Union-street, Whitechapel, to the East and West India Ditch,.
Mr. BYNG presented a Petition from certain Inhabitants 4 f
Whiter:biped against the East London Railway Big, and praying
that they might be beard to that effect by Counsel.
Mr. S. RICE presented a Petition from the Proprietors of she
Hibernian Joint Stock Company, resident in the City of LlmeAdr,
in favour of the Bill for the Dissolution of the Company. •
Mr. Alderman WOOD/moved for several Returns respecting the
Duties paid on Foreign Spirits and Wines imported lot. the United
Kingdom between Jan. 5, 1827, anti,lan. .5, 1828; also for Returns
of the quantity of Foreign Rutter, eese, Tall Flax, Hemp,
Hides, and Seeds imported Vine the United Kingdom during the
same period.—Ordered.
Mr. MACKINNON presented a Petition from the Maltsters
a place in Suffolk, praying for a repeal of the Malt Act.
Mr. LAWLEY presented a similar Petition from the hlaluters
of Alcester, in the county of Warwick.—Tbe Petitions were ddered
to be printed.

• CORPOSATION AND TUT ACTS.
Mr. FERGUSON preiented,a •Petition from the Ministers and.
Elders of the Presbytery of Paisley in f f the unqualified re-
peal of the Test and Corporation Acts. The district from which
the Petition came included nineteen parishes and 112,090 inhabi-
tants, among Whom were twenty officiating Ministers; and she
Petitioners coniptskrettluu the alteration of the Laer.bY the NU
before the Have held mit an inducement to Members of the
Church of Scotland.to renounce their communion with it.
The LORD ADVOCATE of SCOTLAND con-
'tended, that by the Act of Union the proposed Acs for
Ithe protection of the Church of England could hale no
ect in Scotland. If it had any effect, it would be..to
give protection to the Church of Scotland to the UM,
extent as to that of England. The intolerance of the.
Church of England had been much spoken of, but. the
conduct of the Church of Scotland was equally open
to remark. It had been stated, its genera). terms, that
the Members of the Church of Scotland, on acceptihg
office, are bound to take the Sacramental test. Un-
doubtedly a member of the Church of Scotland ct m.rim
to England, and accepting an office in an English. Cor-
poration, or what was merely an English office, Was
bound to comply with the provisions of the law, 14,
taking the Sacramental test; in the same way,a meas.
ber of thp Church of. England, iu order to become M4llO
ter of a Scotch University, or to hold some other offices,
must sign the Scotch Confession of Kith. and become
a member of that Establishment. But he humbly.con-
ceivedihat to a British office, which s as reithee:Scotch
nor English, but belonging to both, sad open to the
subjects of bo.h, a member of the Church of Scotland
was eligible, and . might legally refuse to take, the La-
usanne as a test of qualificaton. •
Sir JAMES MACKINTOSH slid the. Learned Lord

had admiued the whole grievance. The Honourable
Member then proceeded to defend the Scottish Church
against the charge of intolerance brought against it• by
the Learned Lord, and contended that the Bill would
operate beneficially for Scotchmen in Great
He could not bete refrain from again complimenting •
his Noble Frieud (Lord John Russell) upon the success
of the measure which be was then about carrying op
to the bar of the House of Lords for the repeal of two
most intolertint Acts. Every- Honourable Member was:
aware how intimately connected 'the name of Russell
was with the subject of religious liberty.; but there wa4
a more peculiar and interesting connexion between the
name and-the blood of the Noble Lord, and the :object
of his Bill, than the House was probablyaware of. the
first person who attempted to repeal the Test Act was
King William, who, five weeks after he becantr seated
on the throne of these kingdoms, came down to Perim-
meat and implored of them to•admit the Protestant
Dissenters to the unrestricted exercise of their religious
principles. He came down on the very same tiry to
implore of Parliament to "take a national atonement
for a national crime, byrelieving the country from the
stain that 'had been' axed on it by •the attainder of

~-

t

Lord Rtleoell—(Hear, hear).aqt was not, therefore,
smlnetedleineshat cona% laqpdcedlpnd forty years after-
, war s, a descendant of the same Lord Russell should
•N \ e same use of Lords with a Bill in his hand,
to imp re of thrni to do that act of justice which King
William had vainly solicited—(Hear, hear).
Vire Petition was then brought up and lead.
Mr. FERGUSON (on the question that it be laid upon
the table) wished to say a few words on what had fallen
from the Learned Lord respecting the manner in which
the Test Act applied to what he had been pleased to
term British offices. He(Mr. F.) was perfectly satisfied
that for the last eighty years at least, the law had been
viewed in a very different light to that in which it had
presented itself to the Learned Lord. Had it been, i
in fact, as the Learned Load had declared it, it would
have saved a great deal of trouble. In the celebrated
debate, when the Assembly of the Church petitioned
the House to repeal the Test Act as far as related
to Scotland, the Learned Lord's then predecessor,
Mr. Dundas, expressed an opinion very different
from that of the Learned Lord ; and Mr. Dundas
(afterwards Lord Melville) admitted that, in order to
qualify himself for office in this country, he had taken,
without objection, the Sacramental test. All lawyers
in Scotland, and among them thavornament of his pso-
fession, Sir J. Moncrief, were decidedly oßposed to the
opinion of the Learned Lord ; and he (Mr. F.) regretted
that any doubt had been thrown upon the subject,
because it appeared as if the petitioners were complain-
ing of a grievance that did not exist. The Test Act
was always considered an impediment in the way of
Scotchmen, and that they could not enjoy the confidence
of their Sovereign and fill offices in the State or in the
Amy, unless they renounced communion with their
own Church, and took the Sacramental Test according
to the practice of the Church of England. He was quite
aure, if the matter were duly examined, that the Learned
Lord would be found to be in error—that members of
the Scotch Church were mined to the Sacramental
Test, and that the grievances of which the Presbyterians
complained were real.
The LORD ADVOCATE explained, and again
contended that the Test Act did not affect the Members
of the Church of Scotland. He could not see that in
*very instance Scotchmen were obliged to take the Test
Act to-qualify them for office in England ; for, by the '
Articles of Union, the Secretary of State for the Home
Department of England was the Secretary of State for,
Bcotland, being the Secretary. for Great Britain, and WI
was never required to take the Sacramental Test.
Lord J. RUSSELL had argued on a principle di-
-reedy opposed to that of the Learned Lord, for he had
complained 'that While Members of the Established
Church might go to Scotland And hold office there
without taking any additional Tests, the Members of
the Church of Scotland could not hold office in Eng-
Itad without taking the Sacramental Test. He never
.could have expected to hear from so grave an autbority
as that of the Learned Lord, that the Secretary of
*Ste of England was not bound to take the Sacra-
... Mental Test—(Hear, hear.)
SW RONALD FERGUSON presented a similar Petition from
Beronigh of Burnt Island; another from the Inhabitants of
erliae, and another from the Baptists of the same place.—
Weed to lie on the table.
Mr. LAMB brought in a Bill for Consolidating and Amending
the Laws relating to Malicious Injuries in Ireland, which was read
Int time, and ordered to be read a second time on the Slat of
April.—Thee Rill was ordered to be printed.
PROVISION FOR TAR IRISH POOR.

Mr. GRATTAN presented a Petition from certain
inhabitants of Dublin, and other parts of Ireland, pray-
ing for the introduction of some system into Ireland for
• the proviion of the poor. He supported the prayer,
. and concurred is the •iews of the Petitioners, and en.
treated the House to give the subject its mast serious
co .sideration.

NEWPORT was quite satisfied that if Poor
Rates were introduced into Ireland they would beccme
a most fru tful source of peculation and fraud. He
had now arrived at a considerable age—he had lived
in bis native country the greater past of his life—be
had watched its institutions and its proceeding —and
upon his experience, and the best exercise of hip judg-
n.ent, be protested against the introduction of the Eng-
lish system of Poor Laws into Ireland.
Mr. M. FITZGERALD was opposed to the intro.
ducting of Poor Laws in o Ireland. and contended that
the great majority of the intelligent portion of that
country was decidedly adverse to any such Measure.
Mr. Secretary PEEL, stated, that his attention had
often been exercised on this subject, but the only con-
clusion to which he could bring bis mind was. that the
introduction of the English system of Pact Laws into
Ireland would be most injurious to that country. In-
deed, be could scatcely imagine any now country into
which the system of Poor Laws. which, under vas ions cir-
cumstances, had grown up in England, could be planted
with safety. Then the peculiar state of the country
should be considered ; and looking to the tendency to
an increased population already in Ireland, he should
rather think that the application of the Poor Laws to it
would, by hailing a. a •ottlententeo the poor, remove
every check on population, rand encourage more early
marriages, and a still greater subdivision of the land.
--(Hear.) Then. as to-the administration of the ma-
chinery, he could not see how it could be effected in
• slit absence of the resident gentry ; at de same time he
was willing to admit that the situation ih which Ireland
stood towards England, particularly in relation to the
roar Laws, was most unsatisfactory; but then, as to
the-application of the English Poor Laws to Ireland,
and.theogh its policy was allowed, there could not be
found fur yearn a machinery competent to execute the
system; &till there were many circumstances that
pressed the consideration of it cusl'asiimsent ; Inch
relative situation of the two countries since the Union,
she facil.ties of a.cess in iessequence of steam naviga-
'lke; and other matters, which, though not sufficient to
*e.e him, to consent to the introduction of the Poor
• *Ours into freland, Were yet strong enough to call for
• .44,C attention of Volliament, particularly so far as they
r. throw to Mow the burthen of hie. poverty on England.
-
,Mr. W. HORTON could conceive nesmeonger argts-
meoLstan the view taken of the subject by his Right
Hon. Friattd, in support of the necessity of the House
going into a serious investigation of the causes of the pall.
flti Wu in Ireland, with a view to its relief. The Right
Hon. Gentleman then e..tered into some gertral re-
marks in favour of the adoption of a system of Breigra..
tivn in preference to the introduction of the Pyor Laws
into helm. He contended that the state of the pauper;
• population of England, Scotland, and Irelat d, collee•
tively, demanded the serious and deliberate investigation
of that House. As be had taken that optcntunity if
ettneWng his sentiments on the-subject, he should not
have occasion again to trouble the House, when he pre-
sented the Petition on the subject of emigration, of which
had given uotice. Shortly after the holidott he would
bring the qtkestien of emigration regularly before the
• limo, and he hope that it would be discussed with.
?alstMteoalon to o Inch it was entitled by its importance.
Cit LULA tT had always been an advocate for
sigitsier ,rieciples of the Lilies,. . Laws, but to
dot ' ,hicklia4 411,0 ' gem he had eves

been opposed. To England he thought such laws were
applicable and best&Lai, but when he was called upon
so extend them .to Ireland, he could not consent to do
so. The circumstances of the two countries were en-
tirely dissimilar. In Ireland, all was feverish anxiety in
one class, and destitution in another. There was a total
want of that repose and regularity which could render
such laws beneficial; and notwithstanding all that was
said of producing gradual improvement, by enlighten-
ing the people, and a variety of other means, he was
convinced that the first and great measure which it was
necessary to adopt to give, prosperity to Ireland was
Catholic Emancipation. That measure must be the
foundation of any beneficial alteration in the state of
Ireland, and compared with k all other plans were of
minor consideration.

Mr. MONCK considered the Poor Laws to be bene-
ficial to the poor, and still more so to the rich. They
produced a wholesome re•action. To their operation
he attributed much of the superiority which the English
peasant possessed over the Irish.
_ _

Colonel TRENCH was sorry to say that there was
but too much fidelity and truth in the statement which
the Honourable Member had just made. He hoped,
however, from what had fallen last night in this House
from a Right Honourable Gentleman, and in another
place from a Noble Lord, that the true remedy was
about to be applied to the miseries and evils by which
Ireland had been too long afflicted. He could assure
the House that there was an immense desire through-
out the Irish population to earn by their own exertions
and labour an honest livelihood. The best proof of
this fact was to be found in the constant emigration of
the Irish poor to England, a grievance so much and so
justly complained of. The true cause of the over po
pulation of Ireland, and of all the troubles which ensued
from it, was the infinite subdivision of the land; and he
could not help saying, that the main spring of the imme-
diate evils which oppressed her was a circumstance to
which little or no allusion had been made, namely, the
anxious desire of every body who was an Irish land-
owner to produce a crop of freeholders on the smallest
possible quantity of land.
Mr. CROKER did not consider the presentation of
a Petition to be the most fitting opportunity for discus-
sing the various subjects which the Hon. Gentleman
had alluded to. It was his own firm conviction, that
the state of England and Scotland, labouring as they
wow did under what he must call the infliction of Irish
emigration, would oblige this country to turn her atten-
tion towards the necessity of providing some great mea-
sure of relief for Irish pauperism.
Mr. W. LAMB ...as of opinion that the Right Hon
the &musty of State for the Home Department had
stated to the House the most unanswerable reasons why
it was impossible to extend to Ireland the Poor Lawsof
England in any considerable degree. He was quite
willing to allow that much of the evil which had arisen
in Ireland might possibly be owing to the deficiency
of Poor Laws in that country : at least before Parliament
attempted toapply these Poor Laws to Ireland, let them
wait, to see to what extent they could first be reformed in
England. With regard to the plans which had been sug-
gested the Right H,n. Gent. at the end of the bench,
(Mr.W. Horton) be (Mr. Lamb) must observe, that the
financial difficulties of a country could not be relieved
by schemes which began with borrowing large sums ei
money on the security of a distant prospect of very
doubtful returns. Neither was it possible that one part
of the empire, like Ireland, could be benefitted in her
own case by that which was in effect a loss to the Em-
pire at large—(Hear, hear.) The only remedies which
he could imagine for a country labouring under the
difficulties he spoke of, were patience, perseverance,
rigid economy, strict punctuality, determined enterprise,
and unwearied labour. These were hard conditions, be
admitted, but they were the conditions upon which alone
the affairs of States could be re-established, and which
were at the same time the conditions of the tenure of
our common existence—(Hear, hear.)

Mr. POWER was of opinions that the one thing wanting to
tranquillise Ireland was the old story—Catholic Emancipation.
Mr. J. GRATTAN explained.
The Petition was then brought up, read, and ordered to lie on the
table and be printed.
A Message was brought frosts the Lords, announcing their Lord-
ships' assent to several Bills.—(See Lords.)
On the motion or the Swanson-Gamut., the Failure or Justice
Mil was read i ilrat time, and ordered to be read a second time on
the 15th of April.

tleitrict priaciples of the Elilish r..or
b &Wawa shickluttl emit Imo tbe sync