Star.
London, England, 1820-10-02 00:00:00

PORTUGUESE REVOLUTION.

We have no direct intelligence from Lisbon this
morning ; but the ilamburgh Mail which arrived
last night, brings the following
COZY OF THE CIRCULAR. LET TER ADC/11E15ED BY TOE StINISTEIL OF
HIS MOST ►AITH/UL MAJESTY TO THE SENATE or HASIBUILOII
AND SHE DIPLOMATIC BODY.
" Ssa— A clime of the nature of these which hare taken
place in Spain and Naples has just marked the audacity of some
factious persons. Oporto, the second city of the kingdom of
For ugal, has been the theatre where the actors in these de-
plorable scenes have given the first proofs of their madness.
Having succeeded in seducing into their plots the troops forming

the garrison of that city, they have expelled the legitimate Au-
thorities; they have seized on the power; they have proclaimed
Acts which belong exclusively to the Majesty of the Throne,

and that without the consent of the King, who is the sole regu-
lator of the laws according to the Constitution of the Kingdom.
Such a crime evidently appearing to have for its object to over-
throw the Royal and protecting authority, to substitute for it a
popular and anarchical authority, I think it is calculated to excite
the most serious attention of all Governments—of all Sovereigns.
" As a faithful and devoted subject, and still more as Minister
of his Most Faithful Majesty, it is my duty, Sir, to acquaint you
with this event, in order that your Court may be informed of it,
and may adopt such measures as it may judge proper. As for
myself, I formally protest against all acts contrary to the laws
I hitherto observed in the kingdom, and opposed to the legitimate

authority of my august Sovereign and Mote?, until he shall
have informed me of his intentions.
(Signed) " LE COMMANDEUR DE CORREA.
Ihmborgh, 19th September, 1820."
POLISH DIET.
The opening of the Polish Diet, on the 13th Sep-
tember, is rendered interesting from the tone of the
EMPEROR'S Speech at a crisis so interesting as the
present. The following is a translation:
WARSAW, SEPTEMBER 16.

His Majesty the EMPEROR of RUSSIA, King of
Poland, opened on the I Sth the Diet of the Kingdom
of Poland, with the following most remarkable speech:
" Representatives of the Kingdom of Poland is with
real satisfaction that I find myself a second time among you, and
with pleasure renew to you the assurance that I follow the int•
pulse of my heart, and carry into execntion one of my dearest
wishes, when I assemble you here to co-operate in the mainte.
stance and developement of your social institutions. My confi-
dence in you has been the origin of these institutions; your con-
fidence in me will consolidate them. My object, when I gave
them to you, was to combine the power of the Sovereign with
the intermediate power—with the rights and legal wants of so-
ciety. I consider these bonds as indispensable; but, to be du-
rable, they require a support, in want of which everything earthly
decays and degenerates. Let us not forget that institutions of
this kind are only human work. Like man himself, they want
a support for their weakness, a guide against error; and, like
him, they can only find such a support and guide in Christian
morality, and its divine doctrines. You have remained Poles—
you bear that honourable name; but I have told you once before,
that only the application of the principles of beneficent morality
can restore to you so honourable a right. Follow, therefore, on
your part, those wholesome doctrines; draw from their source
that sense of probity which they command you, both towards
yourselves and others; draw front them that love of truth which
aims at Truth alone, which hears and speaks only het language ;
then you will powerfully support me in consolidating the work
of your regeneration. I have spoken to you the words of truth
—Lir it is truth that I ask from you. I wish to hear it from
your mouths; let me hear it with frankness, but also with com-
posure and cordiality. It will appear to you in full light as soon
as you s,:ek it in reality, and not in vain abstractions—as soon as
you judge of your situation according to the testimony of events,
and not according to theories, which, in our days, fallen or rising
ambition endeavours to bring forward.

" Lastly, truth will mark your opinions, as soon as you regard
only the voice of the great interests that are confided to you—
as soon as you banish from your recollections all acrimony, every
partial object, and thus show yourselves worthy of your honour-
able mission. Then, and not before, you will have fulfilled your
obligations; I will now fulfil mine.
" My Ministers will lay before you a view of all the mea-
sures of organization and administration Which have been adopted
within these two years. You will, doubtless, recognise who
joy the good which they have effected, when you compare it
with all those evils, the deceptions of which were to be effaced.
The wish to attain this object has, perhaps, nut alwrys followsd
the way which the form of administration that I readily gave
you, prescribed. Perhaps, too, urgent and simultaneous wants
have caused by their concurrence an increase in the necessary
Lspentliture. My views, however, have not changed ; and it is
my firm will that, in future, the regulations once laid down
shall be strictly adhered to, and the most scrupulous care be
taken to economize the resources of the payers of the contribu-
tions. The wishes that you have laid before me have been
most seriously considered. You will hear how they have been
partly satisfied already, and shall in part be fulfilled in future.
You will hear why it has been necessary to delay the accom-
plishment of some—to renounce that of others. Among those
which the Government has willingly granted are the projects of
law which will be laid before you."

His Majesty then enumerates some of these pro•

posed laws, which he desires they will thoroughly
examine when submitted to their consideration : and
concludes as follows:)

RepreosetativLs of the Kingdom of Poland !—Shew your
country that, supported by your experience, your principles, and
your sentiments, you know how to maintain a peaceful inde-
pendence, a pure liberty, under the protection. of your laws.
Skew your contemporaries that this liberty is a friend to order
and its blessings—that you reap the fruits of It, because you
know bow to resist, and will always resist, the insinuations of
envy—the danger of example.
" There are countries where use and abuse are placed in one
and the same hue—where the spirit of evil excites the vain want
of slavish imitation, and again attempts to recover its dreadful
sway. Already it predominates in one part of Surope--already
it heaps those crimes and convulsions on each other. Notwith-
standing these unhappy events, my system of government will

remain ahvays.the same. I have drawn its principles from the
not profound sense of my duties. I shall always fulfil those
'duties scrupulously. But this would not be perfectly done, if I
were blind to the great truths which experience teaches us.—
Doubtless the age in which we live requires protecting laws, as
the basis and guarantee of social order. 'But our age also
im-
poses upon Princes the duty of preserving those laws from the
mischievous influence of ever-restless, ever-blind passions.
" In this respect a heavy responsibility lies on you, as well as
on me. It commands you faithfully to follow the path which
your judgment, your upright sense of duty, prescribes to you.
It commands me frankly to warn you of the dangers that might
surround you, in order to defend your Constitution against them;
it obliges me to judge of the measures on which I am called to
decide, according to their real consequences—not according to
the appellations with which party spirit endeavours sometimes
to blacken, sometimes to adorn them. Lastly, it obliges me, in
order to prevent the production of evil, or the necessity of vio-
lent remedies, to root out the seeds of destruction as soon as
they appear. This is my unalterable resolution. I will never
negotiate about my principles, nor ever submit to consent to
anything that may oppose them.
" Poles !—The more firmly the paternal bonds are consoli-
dated which unite you for ever with Russia—the more you are
penetrated with the considerations which they awake In you—
the more will the career which I have opened to you be ex-
tended and facilitated. A few steps more, under the guidance
of wisdom and moderation, marked by confidence and probity,
and you will be at the goal of your hopes and choice. The ex-
perience teat the calm operation of your liberty consolidates
your national existence, and establisheX4n indissoluble commu-
nity of happiness between our two nations, will then afford me
double recompense."

Lord and Lady CASTLIRICAGII arrived yesterday evening at
the Foreign Office, from the Marquis of Haaerosi's seat, Sud-
bury, Suffolk.
The Duke and Duchess of Noe:mussesLana were to arrive
in town this day, from their seat, Alnwick Castle.
The Duke and Duchess of ATUOL arrived yesterday at their
house in Great George-street, Westminster, from Scotland.
The Duke of Mon:Boas arrived on Saturday at his house in.
Grosvenor-square, from his seat in Scotland.

V .