Star.
London, England, 1817-11-05 00:00:00

COMMERCE.

I' .

Our Readers know that some time ago Societies
were formed at Brussels and Ghent for the encourage.
meat of the Manufactures of the Netherlands s and
that these Societies called npmt the inhabitants of
other cities and communities to follow their example.
In consequence the people of Touroay have taken
the subject into consideration, and have formed a
Society for the same object. By the last Mail we
received a copy of their Address to the Public, of
which the fbllowing is a correct translation:

" R^CISTY OF TOURNAT. FOR TUB RWCOURAGEMINT Of
TN& NATIONAL MANI/FACTOR= OF THZ KINGDOM OF

THI DZUHIRLAWIHN

66 Spirit is sohießia Society is foroNl—May unli-
mited liberty of 9omantree reign throughout the
whole Universe 1-May OW Nation at first profit
of the itdvaatagoe oUts own position, and afterwards
may all Nations make a recipreirel exchange of their
superfluities, for objects necessary, useful, or agree.
able I—All Nations will thus mutually enrich them.
selves, and mutually contribute to their felicity.
6' Such are the first principles which the members
of the Society of Tourney for the Encouragement of
National Manufactures profess, and it is only from
the necessity of self-preservation that they feel it in
cumbent on them to restrict the liberality of thine
prior. i pier.
66 Yes, the Society of Toomey answers to the gene-
rous appe.l of the Wks, Society. To prevent, if pos.
sable, tie complete ruin of our manufactures, to con-
tribute to their prosperity as far as is in our power—
that is what we desire, and what we will. Patriotism
will have no sacrifices to make to this end but what
are for the most part objects of luxury ; and it will
thus co-operate most powerfully with Government in
its measures for the encouragement of industry, and
present a worthy imitation of the magnanimous ex-
ample of our Princes.
66 Welcome the products of those nations who
welcome ours; but denounce the products of those
who, actuated by a blidd and sorJid egotism, wish
to make as di* tributaries, and to take nothing in
exchange. Stigmatise by every sort of reprisal the
products of theseexclusionists, until they return to
that course of equity which their own as much as the
general interest *muds.
We repeat the profession of faith of our Provin.
cial States—wt prohibit against those who, prohibit—
, but, we prohibit only in order to do away all prohi-
bitions. The English prohibit all our products witli-J
out empties, and this authorises us to prohibit all
theirs, equally without exception.
4, As to France we acknowledge that nature calls
as us to be allied with her in one and the same com-
mercial system ; nor do we seek to reverse the order
of nature ; but should France lend herself to any
treaty of commerce, as it io to be feared she may,
we must present to her, as well as otherspelte stern at-
tinado of an independent nation. •
fa In the interval, tho emulators of our artizatis
will be excited, to replace with advantage the pro-
ducts of foreign countries, and thus the permanent
interests both of the manufacturer and consumer will
be promoted.
u But aver leg this troth be kept in mind—The
great, the paramount interest of the kingdom of the
Netherlands, consists in the commerce of exchange,l
and all tbaltionis of Belgians ought to tend to that
Pointe

•
'4 Ausdostoral 14trAstires of eh* Sreirty.—Ajitcle 1.
The soombion give their word of honour for theta.{
selves, their wives and children, not to aeqoPre know'
ingly. by purchase or eichange, any of the ten anti:

markets*, and your own citisens isnstgo.widiout em-
ployment." No—not soils any ease unless they can
bring_ the article to•market I'4 a lest price than your
own people can produce it. -Thatis; unless you can
in this way procure ibe ankle with fewer hours labotu
than you could produce it portages. In this case
the saving of the difference 'of these hours labour is
a po►itive gain to you, because you can employ them
to obtain some additional article. It follows from
ibis that evils asserted to be brought upon a comma-
niiy by the admission of foreign article?, are not
real. The real evil lies in your persisting in the 'ma-
aufatture ut-any article which costs you twelve hours,
,libourt while rut can buy the same article from ano-
cher for the value of six hours labour.
What tiles is to be done a Let foreigners send you
every article that they can manufactory), and both.
lon and them will goat find out in which of them
they eau unclench you. Those which you can sup!
ply chtaper than the foreigner he will cease to send,

What are the obstacles in our way ? Prejudices-
private interests, opposed to these of the community—
and our system of finance. They are all formidable,
but none of them insurmountable. Public worm
can do much to overcome the first : the will of 'be
community, expressed by our representatives, act:ng
honestly and patriotically, in Parliament, can obvi,:e
the second. The third is the most difficult—a Eett
portion of the revenue necessary for the public serum
being raised by indirect taxes levied on foreign ccrt•
modities. As to protectin: duties, as some of ihts
are called (but more properly prohibitory law), t'el
form no part of the difficulty ; for they are set
counted a productive source of revenue, and the effY
first step would be their complete repeal : bat how •
money to be raised for the public service, if there
system be altered? A general answer is at hand, la rid
way which shall consume the mato possible number ,f ho 4
industry. In other words, the interests of the eemwl•
nit)! as a State, and as a Commercial Ccmpany orjva
of labourers, is.one and the same. To collect tags st
the expense of a waste of the common labcer 1.74
industry:,, merely that the contributor may pay sill
~.
lets reluctance, is neither more nor less than to 2CI as
dishonest stewards. It is to rob and steal &cm e't
community, and to waste the common stock, onif to
please fools. Your system of taxation tract be j•
toed, or you will be beat in the race set hfcre
with your Continental rivals ; and, if se, how 01
your revenue stand then ? You have co revenue but
what arises from labour : reduce your trade and ,00
reduce your population : reduce your eer-'13.4:13
and you reduce the products of industry—that is tee
number of disposable hours' labour of the comma'
nity. Row mad the Statesman, then, w!.o cao, fcl
a moment, persuade himself that the nationAl Fr*
petit; can ever be increased by reducing the l'cr
tion ? The greater your number of bands, the pawl'
must be the riches of any community if net cl
teracted by some false system of cernmacial
financial poi cy.
But the question returns. • ,les what waY t'^" ° rt
grace be raised with the least /soluble sserkiee el ill t'"‘
wieerra7 for its creation P—Dy raising the Ode la
Area I.ftees.—ls this difficult ? Yes. You .`.eve
,
immen4 to laiSt annually, and it 1;"

Joaquim Pinto der Silva, Joie Carnpillo. the Archi- The able !—All NAt ' one will thus mutually enrich them. iater.comm unication and circulation of the dons. Let us accept their challenge. Nay,
tett Francisco Antonio, Henrique Jose Garcia; and •
products of industry among nations should ever be let us strive to outrun them. It will then be
selves, and mutually contribute to their felicity.
from what he bad heard from Ribeiro Pinto, there
,
appear to be other members; that he knew nothing' • Such are the first principles which the members reciprocal ; but this can never take place where ay:- contest of exclusion, but of industry, ingeuu
of the Regenerating Council; but that he inferred it of the Society of Tourney for the Encouragement of tans of exclusion prevail. And where they do pre- tellect and science ! And what have we to
wail. however beneficial the system may be to cer- such a race ? The balance must be ultima
did exist ; and that Ribeiro Pinto told him that Go-
only Ifolla
National Manufactures profess, and it is f
Inez
Cu, Baron Ebert, and others, were members the
necessity are injurious to the gene. favour of those who excel in those habits and a
it serration that they feel it in
of se ;re .
of that Council ; and that the said Ribeiro Pint , tamp private interests, they
cumbent on them to restrict the liberality of tate
Colonel Mon eiro, and Major Nivel, were the only ral community to which these individuals belong.— menu which ought every where to commani
persons in a situation which enabled them to make principle!. This may be rendered very evident by putting a ference.
the necessary declarations in these respects. ii Yes, the Society of Tserßay answers to the gene- plain case.—A wants a hat which B. his next door What are the obstacles in our way ? Preju
In the answers to the second intetrogatories, he rous appe.l of the Glum S • t truly. To prevent, if pos. neighbour, can supply, but be demands Bs. for it private interests, opposed to these of the comae
rep.!ated what he said of Fonseca fives, adding, that and onr system of finance. They are all torn
sible, die complete ruin of our manufactures,
the latter told him that Gomez Freire was at the to con. (the price of four days labour) ; while a hat of the
lives at but none of them insurmountable. Public
tribute to their prosperity as far as is in our power—
Lead of the society, and that Baron Eben was also a same quality can be procured from C, who
member ; but never considered the said Fonseca that is what we desire, and what we will. Patriotism Calais. for 4s. (the price of two days labour). Is k can do much to overcome the first : the will
Niece as a Member. notwithstanding his having a will have no sacrifices to make to this end but what not evident that by the purchase of B's manufacture community, expressed by our representatives,
honestly and patriotically, in Parliament, can
kis twledge of the Society ; that he knew the prude- are for the most part objects of
it will preference to that of C, two days labour of A
•
orations were printing ; and that part of them were
delivered when the accused was ordered in commis-
the second. The third is the most difficult—
thus co-operate most powerfully with Government in would be thrown away.—Yes, say sht?rt-sighted ego-
sion for Santarem ; that the accused and Ribeiro its measures for the encouragement of industry. and nomists, but B would receive a positive benefit which portion of the revenue necessary for the public
Pinto went to bargain respecting the printing press, present a worthy imitation of the magnanimous el. would otherwise go to a foreigner. This, however, being raised by indirect taxes levied on fortis
and teo days after Ribeiro gave him on the public ample of oar Princes. is a mistake ; for Bis a member of a large trading modities. As to protectin: duties, as some o
promenade five moidores all but one new cruzado, are called (but more properly prohibitory laws
44 Welcome the products of those nations who company (the Nation) and. as a partner, it is impossi.
to buy the press and utensils, and to cause it to be
conveyed to the house of th said Ribeiro Pinto on welcome ours; but denounce the products of those Ms he can be a gainer when the Company trades at a form no part of the difficulty ; for they ;
the day of the insurrection, and that if the types were who, actuated by a blind and sordid' egotism, wish loss: but the Company does trade at a loss, if it pay two counted a productive source of revenue, and t.
, not sufficient, he should purchase more, for which to make us tbe4e tributaries, and to take nothing in prices instead of one for any commodity whatever. first step would be their complete repeal : bat
the said Ribeiro Pinto gave him other five tnoidores, exchange. gt• •
tile by every sort of reprisal the Ay*, says the false economist, bat you produce work money to be raised for the public service, if the
paper money, whieh he Received from Major eructs '' of ,
foryour labourers. Yesyou do 'with a vengeance
exclusionist:. until they return to
Nivea, wbo was present, and in the Tereiro do Pas is P
that the papers for theaccuted received by the Corn that course of equity which their own as much as the by such.a sytem as this, for you compel him to work Way width shall milldam Me smallest possiblenumber
Mission were a certificate, some iastructions, a parcel general interest *mends, twice as many hours to procure some necessary, as industry. In other words, the interests of the c
of printed proclamations, in which there might be 4. We repeat the profession of faith of our ProvinJ would be regained were hit labour properly directed. !title: a State, and as a Commercial Ccmpany orj:
gout ame or ten copies, and a list indicating the oiai States—we
co ; as well as the forces a
sh l on but we *habit 1 '
order alllo 1 regulated s stem be
on ysn to do away robs.p Pr Pfr Yy 1-would Procure both a , the expense of a waste of the common labc,
wbki the Society might rakes, which last papers ... Pr •
' were insist Santarem, in the possession of his brother- batons. The Eaglish prohibit all our products witls• let and a 'waistcoat-11m is 'lle ieshisaiitY iwould re, i_indostry.,, merely that the contributor may ea
in•law, Frmeisco Lake Seam der Game ; and that out empties, and this authorises us to prohibit all ceive twice the benefit. .. ' .- . . 1 less remittance, is neither more nor less than to
.
the Cooselfeeift from whom the accused received the theirs, equally without exception. , a But, (it auty* be arguedyunless you plata your dishonest stewards. It is to rob and steal fr
payee., goosielod of Calomel. Montag Joao Ribeiro. "As to France we acknowledge that nature calls own manufactures, forei ": s- will occupy your community, and the
to waste common stock,
Fortin, sad the architect is whew house in the library .
ou us mbe allied with her in one and the same corn- markets, and your own citizens mast •el. please go Ars lout em- fools. Your system of taxation reset
they, supra delivered by the hands _eft COlOllll Mon-
sae;
this
swivel. having for
objects the 4iopootajog inertial system ; nee do we seek to reverse the order ployment." No—not soils any case unless they can rerid, or 101 l will be beat in the race set ht.'
irsibaccosed to th's town asootog ;i, his gado piam, of nature; but should France lend herself to any bring the article to•market I'4 a lest price than your with your Continental rivals ; and, if se, 11'
is ordi.r.thae he might might !ltd mewl saewertbles treaty of ecommeres, as it ie to be feared she may, own people can produce it. .Titat--is
; unless you can your revenue stand then ? You have co revel
MI lea Perms as. might appess salted to the Sos we most present to her, well as its otl le:spew stern at- in this way procure be ankle wlthfewer hours labour what arises from labour : reduce your trade e
crag I, and be. did not assettrest is enlisting any ~...d. -
or an independent oration. • than you could produce it yeurieives. in ibis case seduce
your population t reduce your Poi
person, bet that be received the oohs of two Of& "`"
a the interval, th em
7:::.01e of
whom. 4:brio:soh° da Coma. This is y 0 elation of our artizais the saving of the difference 4 these bouts labour is and you reduce the products of industry—EN
tairadigdge or out;lTlitliug stitytutooiaingooms, will be excited, to replace with advantage the pro. a positive gain to you, because you can employ them number of
disposable hours' labour of the c
was remarbehle. duets of foreign countries, and tbus the permanent to obtain some additional article. It follows from then, w
nity. Row mad the Statesman, .aa t'
interrogstories, ho Il lila eOw faille; to vto thzt.„„ --- --- interests both of the manufacturer and cowillibis that
Ammer - a moment, persuade himself that the nation
not tooteitio ammo . Ferreira de Costa be promoted. pity by the admission of foreign articles, are not
parity can ever be increased by reducing the
as 0 neellebe.r. he drew up the ana.
suer ha this troth be kept in mind—The real. The real evil lies •greater your number of hands, the
rafearsatig4"7:l - yea ilittaLeztraocest., tpc: gertuat, Met paramount latexes of the kingdom of the aufatture
of soy
article
e coats
persisting in the ma- tion ? The
you twelve hours must be the riches of any community if or
ssonsimontissa srbldb,,sho seemed asked and Netherlaeds, consists in the Canna:Ml of each 8,1
rilt. ange, a•bour. while yon can buy the sense article from ano. emitted by some false system ti
of conflict tiody a solar oft Ili , Illtligid it I that he re- and KU theraffistes of Belgians ought to tend to that ther for the value • of six hours labour. financial pol cy.
see4s as wain NIMIO bid been en a .
whim to Tres die sod- for other P°ll4* What thine is to be done ? Let foreigners send you But the question returns. •fa whet 'way r
bad been on "i Auditivied
.Ritsoistiefu of the Sosioy.—,A I. every article that they can . -
111,41M1141 that tiemanufacture, and both_ venue be raised with Me !coat 'soluble tscritee of
it mimiss torliesearems and aseduer id the province The members glee their word of honour for them. #on and them will non find out in which of them iicersa7 for it: creation P—By raising the el
of aim Is the answers to the foto* intrrogota selves, their wives and children, not to neqoke know. they eel undersell you. Those which
w i you can stqg Arra trxes.— Is this difficult? Yes. You!:.
iiis be rammed the ports in the Affria Zia* 3, , inglys by purchase or eachange, any of the ten era: ply cheaper than the f • oreigner he will cute so tend„ inn:ten:4 bum to ;aim; annurally, and it ;•4•''t
, .
. -

cult to raise it in any way : and fur tLis very reason
you ,hould labour incessantly for the general esta-
blishirent of a system of commerce calculated to pro-
duce the greatest possible return, not to individuals
for their labour, but to the commdnity for its general
industry ; which would ultimately benefit every indi- '
sidual, by compelling each to turn his attention and I
industry to those articles which would command a
wiling and profitable market instead of a forced sale
sccJn:Panied with a sacrifice. Do this, and the com_
malty being enriched by the system will be able to
nlsrd the revenue you need for the public service, in
,;:r,:t :.;:c.r. By no other mode of taxation can you
ettr.brsh a general system Of reciprocity in the inter-
ch?nße of national products, and the more free and
7eipr A this intercourse can be made, the more certain
4nd the greater will be the return which the nation
cal cbtain for its indus..ry and ingenuity. In one
vvrd, commercial rivalry, if conducted on the prin.
r plc of free and unrestrained trade, so far from
proving prejudicial to any of the parties engaged in
u, is of all others the thing best calculated to secure
;u each the largest remuneration—and that not even
at the expense of the other party ,but for his real benefit. ,
Instead of following we aught to take the lead in
this system. It would be well received, and we
would be well rewarded by other States. If we mean
to take the lead we should do it instantly —for should
we get in the rear we shall lose many advantages
which we may now secure by promptitude. We
hoc, on good authority that at this moment the
Cabinet of Berlin is actually employed ias digesting
a plan calculated to make Prussia the interpot of a
large portion of the trade of Europe—by abolishing
all prohibitory duties and high taxes on foreign pro.
ducts ; and we have reason to believe that France,
is much inclined to adopt a similar policy—not
like the Tourney Society, which sets out with in-
controvertible principles, and concludes by meow
mending a practical opposition to its own system.
A declaration of principles is best evinced to be ho.
nest, by those who emit it adopting it in practice.—
However, Prussia, France, and, we believe, the
greater portion of the thinking part of the inhabi-
tants of the Netherlands, never were better disposed
to meet any liberal display of commercial policy, than
at the present moment i for the philippics which'
sometimes appear in-the foreign journals against the
commerce of Britain are to be ascribed Mole to the
rivalry of particular branches of manufacture, than to
any dislike in these communities m a liberal inter.
Lbange of the products of industry.—Let us meet
this disposition. Let us be the first to encourage its
and we shall reap an abundant harvest.

Advices have reached town from the Brazils to the
middle of August. according to which, if correct.
the Erni/in Government have at last sent off orders
for the evacuation of Montevideo by the Portuguese
troops. For other news we refer to the following
hut,:

u BUENOS AYRES, JULY to.

" I have nothing new to ttll you as to the political
situation of this country. An • Expose' has just been
published by this Government, vouching their present
state and future prospects, making allowance for a
ittle Spanish braggadocia, it is pretty well done.
We are represented to be in a more flourishing state,
commercial, political, as well as financial, than we
ever enjoyed since the Revolution, and I really be-
re it is the case, but much remains behind.—
Spanish forces are retreating from the northern
parts of these Provinces towards Potosi, pursued and
harassed by the Guerilla parties, which surrounded

them. Affairs in Chili go on prosperously, but no
mpt can be made upon Lima, until the new Go.
'ailment can collect a sufficient number of vessels
to convey their troops. It, is said 'that the Patriots
have now about 8000 well organised troops in Chili,
sod that they will make their attacks in due time.
Perhaps my Lord Cochrane, who we are led to
ieve, means to pay us a •isit, will be prepared to
ord them the facilities which they require. I have
doubt, from a disinterested view of our present

'twat one that these provinces are for ever lost to
Spaio; and it is therefore to be hoped, that the Bri-
tish Government will not lose the opportunity whigh
they sow have of securing a large portion of this
trade to themselves, by adhering too scrupulously to
the refinemegts of European politics.*

The following extract of a letter, dated Gap at
keteeghor, t►e 17th instant, which we transcribe
from the Alia Gomm, is, we think, the latest infer.
nation received of the proceedings signet the Ito

"All the divisions art perfect', eget with omits's' so p•
Pm each, mad plasm is depot so repunw as may be raceseary.,
The frolieiring la the order of nommen; I MM.'s, dm
el as to reedemous at Shooed& about she 1111tb, when=
'Voss the Beal anmagements for doe memos will be doom,
mated tvem
" LketemoaCeionel O'Halloran id& nineteen compeolea
g the Ist batman V* regiment, s Legate eV pithead she der.i
tichment of the Indy geard, accompaekd by the Omani sod
ha, moved on the mowing of the mid making •• Wesel,
*ark, will mann. Khoordsh from tbp Nerds. Colonel Meese,
tool be companies of the 50th, moves os the neonate the
IPA hose cuttati direct es Kbeerdah by aarengerb. Meier
Lute, with Al companies and a bilge& of goes, anerdmd so
at stormy of the i cob, proceeds south en the luggernaush rood
", he as Bakottee, and thence wheels east fez the same poles.
Optima Armstrong, with, Ove,compp leg and a betide of guns
barn Pteplee, where be casttmanded, and follies doers below
/wee (ruuernautb), thence penetrates through the pees from
tit quarter. Tboecare judicious dispositiems ; aid if General
lumier 'ball re-operate by a forward twormasent from the Lake,
tsthing can serve lugoo and save his adherents tas It is, be will
To doubt Sy. the door being open tato Guarnatr, and au doubt
tie refuge there or the MithrsAu States. It le the general wia
than that awe a shot will be bred, and that the Pikes and Wagers
.;.1 be happy to fauna to Link Wino. A Prociamatios of
••me.ty is issued, and will do much."

THR PRlNcr3s arenLorra

CLAREMONT, NOVEMBER 4.

FOUR O'CLOCK, P. :r.--The last report of Sir
RICHARD CROZT 10 the Privy Council assembled upon
the occasion is--4, The progress of her Royal High-
ness the Princess CuaaLovres illness is, in every re-
spect, as favourable as I could possibly wish."