Star.
London, England, 1816-05-21 00:00:00

EMPIRE OF JAPAN.

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Neatly printed in a pocket Volume, With a Plan of the Battle of'
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AVISIT to FLA N6ERS, in July, 1815, be'ing
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By JAMES SIM PSON , Esq. Advocate.
With an Appendix, containing the British, French, Spanish, and
Prussian Official Accounts of the Battle.
" Not only' chiefly,' but almost entirely, is this volume Kett-
pied with the interesting theme of the Battle of Waterloo : andJJ
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der in particular, and to the pablie in general, as centabilug
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found in any other publication which has come under our notice,
and as ihterspersed with more useful remarks and appropriate
Review, March, 1616.
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. . ,

The Marquis of LANSDOWNE moved the se.
cond ttadin4 of the Habeas Corpus Act Amendment
Bill. To this procedure he thous ht there would he
110 objection ; but those which were 'entertained
against certain parts of the Bill, could be best dis-
cussed in a Committee. The Bid was then read a
second time, and Commit:el kr Wetiaes,l43, The
Noble. Marquis observed, that. a summons stood for
next Thursday, on the intended motion of a Noble
Friend (Earl Grosvenor) fit the r4duction of such
Public Offices as were created or increased since the
year 1792 ; but as that happened to be a d.iy oft
which their Lordships did nut generally sit, lie• pro-
posed to disc'iarge the order for stmurioning for iltat
day, and to have it renewed for Monday Next. On
motions to this effect, it was ordered accordingly.
- The Bank Restriction 13d1 was read a third time,
and passed.
The retnaining Bills upon the Table being respec-
tively forwarded, their Lordship's adjourned till to-
, morrow, (this day).

• 1101ISE OF COMMONS.
Mr. COURTEN AY presented a Petition • froM the Merchants
and Manufacturers a Wool, of Exeter, against any alteration in
the Wool Laws—Ordered to be on the Table.
Mr. WARD presented Retinas id email Arms in Store.—Or-
dered to lie on the Table.
Mr. W. DUNDAS presented a Petition from the Merchants
' and Manufacturers of Perth, for the Reduction ut 'l' ales. Or-
dered to lie on :be Fable.
The Report of the High Way Surveyors' Bill was taken into
cottelderation, and the Bill watt,ordered to be read a third time
itadVadnarsloy 7. ' • •
The County Retie all was rea! a third time and passel.
On Sir J. GRALIA:I,I muv:ng the third reading of the Black-
land Inclosure Bill,
S.r C. MONCK presented a Petition from an Individual, of
the name of Charlton, against that BM anti snored that the
third reading take place this day six mouths. '
After some converbation between Mr. LYTTLE lON and Sir
J. GNARAM, the Amendment was put, and lost withunt a divi-
sion. Ihe Bill was then read a third time and passed. ..
Mr. I.Y fTLE lON postponed hit notice respecting the Lot-
tery to the Silt of June.
The rartsh AKrentice Bill went through a C0111431/1“. Re,
port on Friday next. 0.
Sir C. BURRELL ;,resented a Petition front the inhabitants
of the Town of Worthirm, in the County of Sussex. and the
Borough of Steaditnr, against the :Shoreham Marlton: Dill Or!
dered to liv on the Table'. •
A Petttion was presented from the Tanners of Limerick.,
nainst the Leather Car —Ordered to lie on the. Table.
Mr.LUSHINGI ON pro enterl Papers respecting the Miscel-
laneous Services and Drawbacks —Ordered toile on the Table.
Mr. W. WYNNE complained that an. Order which be had
moved on the 112 d of May Ltd not yet received any return.
Mr. LUSH' NOTON explalned, that the -number of Accounts
was the cause of the delay, and seated, that the Return would

be made as soon as possible. '
Sir F. BURDET I' presented a Petition from Thomas John
Waters, complaining of soma proceedings in the Court of Com-
mon Pleas. lie then moved that it be laid upon the "I able.
After a few words from the A FORNEY-GENERAL, the
Petition was rejected without aaltvision. • •
Sir J. NEWPOR I' moved Our a Return of the Report of the
Inquiry respecting Fees in Courts,of Justice.-.-Orderel.
THANKS OF THE HOUSE.

Lieutenants-Getteral Sir LOWRY CoLe and Sir
HENRY CLINTON having appeared in their places,
the SPEAKER rose and addressed the former in the
following terms :

" LIRUTRNANT•GLNRRAL SIR LOWRT COLE.

." Although the time which elapsed betweep the close of your
*mice in tea Peninsula and your attendance in this liduse,

would in ordinary cases have precluded me from delivering to
you its Thanks from this place; nevertheless your distinguished
name and actions have, in a manner highly honourable to you,
induced this House to depart from its usual course, justly de-
sirous, that in terminating sock a war,.no demonstration of its
gratitude should be wanting. towards those who have deserved it
so well. Having acquired tbe early rudinients of your prolessioq,
in foreign co@ntrles, reputed then the best schools of the inflinny.
art; and having matured that' lihowledge by practical espetience
through various °campaigns% EAT; Italy, Portugal, and. Spain,
you first appeared amongst ustis claim our thanks, for youe.pro-
minent and decisive conduci in the battle of Albueri. In that
victorious army which re-established the Thrones of our Allies
though ell were brave, yet by the fortune of war, the skill and
[ valour of some were rendered consplcuoul above the rest, and
the gallant Fourth Division was distinguished throughout, by the
highest praises for its enthusiastic courage andleroic devotion.—
Of that Division, to which all eyes were turned in every battle;
you, Sir, . had the chief command ; and your growing renown
was well supported by many brave companions in arms, ,-whose
names will for ever live in our annals. So supported, and led on
by the greatest Captainiif these time., you shared in each sue-
cenire stroggie and triumphs, which marked his protress, from
1813, when the French army was annidetely defeated by the
aUisd forces under-the Marquis of Wellington's command, near
Vittoria. .
[ frel id. And also, for the vaioii, litie6upess, and exertions, so
sattass(eardbplaye4 by yoi kireielkag Use .rcycated attacks

" after serving through die king campaigns of tie einem:ll.lC
War, front Salamanca to Orihes and Toutnise; ihefe remained
nothing for a ioldlei to desire, but to be yreient' at the great
Cattle of Watwrioo; and If, la that terrible cohilict, it were poi-
slide to select one spot more thin another, where Our national
military cliiracter was put to lii fiercest trial, it trust 'ate been
that where you Weie conimanding, with troueomont hi your
front, and diretthig sapporthig au Drive brigade of Byng,
Maitland, mid Adam. estimating tl:e services of ha: gallant
army, this country has not centemplatcd u!o:te the glory of a
single day. They have looked to tLe t.li'stne ittaicties, and sharp
combats Whit!' preceded it—and to the s-ead;,., laclful and victo-
rious march by Which that Army completed its success, aid
entered the capital of the ettent. They ha‘e seen also, with
just etultatiun, that w hilst British troops htld the gates of rariss
by right of cringer:a, their camp di:played, at the szme time,• a
model of good order, mid well-regulated which even
the conquered could not but applaud and adit:4-e. Your present
'stay amongst us, we Understand to be only for tient Ivriod ;
but, on rerun:log to your breti.ren in arms, h-t than be assured
by you, that whenever their foreign service shall terminate, they
find that their great deeds have not built forgotten by est—
be we trust, that on re-ctn.:riot the metropolis of their oldie
,country, they will behold some lofty and durable monument,
Which ,shall comniemoratei to the latest ages,. our revereudiug
gratitude, to the Armies Who have fought for iti, and-toe Cop
:who has deliv,ted us.
" You, Sir, are the last of those 'clietinrithed Ofheerh-to
Whom stir :ILIA-. have remained undelivered; an .1 1 do nowt
the na;nc and by the command of ;he Contni..ns of Gfeat
tarn add Ireland, ni Cal uncut a,,eruiled, delver to You their
unanimous thants, fur your indefatigable zeal and eteriloits,
Upon the 111th June, 1t314, when the French army, contmauded
by Bonaplrte, received a sit:al:aid complete defeats' " ' • •
Sir HENRY CLINTON returned his thank%lor
the high honour conferred upon binds It'wat. impose
Bible to mention the name of WJthto6 wkhoirti join-
ing in the most, ively glatitude for the hero-who Cain-
m iolded. and whose talenti had.heen to often acid so
brilliantly displayed.. The artily which he led to
victory on. that day was composed of different na-
tions. It even cinstained 'corps of unexperienced mi-
litia, and was oppbsed by the best appointed foice
that France had yet brought to the field. All had
done their duty t but it was the giegt name of their
Commander that filled the British army with e'onfi-
deuce, and it was his Vigilance and his dndaunted
courage which had enabled him to defeat every ef.
fort of a powerful enemy, and to gain that triumph
which had restored the peace of Europe (liter).
Lord CASTLEREAGH, after expressing his
gratification at hearing the exploits which had led to
the termination of vrar, and had raised the glory of
the country to high, described in language so do-
(punt and so peculiar to the Chair, •could not help
eutertaining a Italie that this Would. be the last time
such services should be requited and such thanks re-
turned, and:that in future the blescings of: universal
peace would take the place of the glories of War. It
would be a great satisfaction to the House to retain
such Addresses as thOse which had been spoken to-
night to their iournals. (Hear, hear.)—He was sure
that Ise spoke the sense of the country, when he said,
that it was impossible to find any where tbe glory of
our• Arms so well described as in those brilliant dip

_ -
plays of eloquence to which the House- had just lis-
tened with so much delight—Wear, con-
cluded by moving, that the.. Spe.:ket's Addreises to
air 'Lowry Cole and Sir Hem y Clinton, be entered
On'the journals of the Haase and plintad.*—(Hcar,
'hear). The Motion was unanimously agfeed to:
A -Message from the. Lords roque;atect that. the
House would agree to a private corkfitmuccio the
Painted Chamber on Ftitlay, instead of Tuesday
next.=Agreed to.
SALE OF CAME.
Colonel WOOD, on moving for a Committee to
take into consideration the laws relatingto gAme,
and report their observations and.opinions thereupon,
said, that he had been induced to trouble the House
commenced
on that subject, in consequence, of the great incrtase
'of poaching which had taken place: -He described
the case of the murder of Colonel Bericley's game.
keeper by A gang of poachers cl whom eleven had
been tried and found guilty, and two bad already ex-
piated their crime on the scaffold.ltzacsobmyro
epoach-
ing, is the first instance, that the pw
his yaw of disbonusty. Wh4s the game faded that

•

hb ha' recnerse to the sheepfold, and was thus led '1
on from offence tont/once till he came to the leaf-
fold. • If •the House would go into the Committee,
he sheield p,ove that the sale of game was eticou.
raged ill the metropialis, whilst peasants were prose-
cuted •in the country, and means might then be
adopted to 'preserve the tights and privileges of land
roptietors, and at the same time to put an end to
this noxiout practice. •
Mr. BANKES said, that if the object of theme.
don was to preserve game, and not to destroy it, he
should n )t oppose it, as he hoped that, by consider-
ing the game laws something might be done to ob-
viate and put a stop to those dangerous associations
of arneed men coming-at night to support the noxious
practice of poaching.
Lord CASTLEREAGH invested the propriety
of postponing the present discussion, as there were
some questions of more importance before the House,
and, es there seemed to be no indisposition to grant
the Committee.
CONSOLIDATION OF THE ENGLISH AND MISR EXCHEQUERS.
On the motion of Mr. VESEY FITZGERALD.
the Order of the Day for going into a Committee on
the 7th Article of Union between Great Britain and
Ireland ens read.
The Right Hon. Gentleman then moved, that the
report of the income and expenditure of Ireland, the
amount of the produce of her imports and exports,
the expense of her loans and contributions, from the
year 1811 to 1816, be referred to the said Commit.
tee ; which being done, the House resolved itself into
the said Committee.
Mr. V. FITZGERALD then rose to open this
important subject. • He was not sorry, he said, for
the short but interesting circumstance which had
prevented his addressing the House at an earlier
hour—it was, however, in one respect unfavourable
to his being able to impress upon the House, the
magnitude of the subject to which be was about to
tall their attention, for it rendered it peculiarly diffi-
cult for him to arrest their attention to what must
necessarily be a dry detail of facts, immediately after
the eloqdent and interesting circumstances to which
he had just alluded. The House, by its vote of last
Session, stood pledged to take this subject into con-
&titration, early in the present Session; the difficul-
ties, however, attendant upon the task, prevented his
having earlier called their attention to the subject.
In claiming their indulgence en the present occasion,
he hoped they would consider the nature of the case
to which their attention was called, with all that soli-
citude for the affairs of Ireland which particularly
marked the conduct of the present Parliament.—
He would have to lay before them the successive re-
paru of Committees up stairs on this subject, and to
explain and remove the objections then urged, and
which would, perhaps, in this discussion, be repeated.
The contribution which Ireland by the great, and, as
be would say, most beneficial measure of Union, was
called, according to the seventh Article, to pay, was
far greater than her means could cope with even
the principles of calculation on which it was founded
were erroneous, because it was impossible, when they
were laid down, that human foresight could have an-
ticipated the arduous struggle which the Empire was
alto worth called upon to make in the extent of its
war, mid the enortni•us amount of its expense. Ire-
land had been with England the sharer of her glory
'as well as of her sacrifices ; and if lie could sbew that
her present incapacity to meet her debt arose from the
efforts and sacrifices she had made to keep pace with
England in the expense of that common cause of free-
dom and humanity which at length saved Europe,
he would then conceive he had made cut his case.
The Right Hon. Gentleman then referred to the 7th
-Article of Uoion. By that clause it was enacted,
that whenever the debt of Ireland bore a certain pro-
portion, that of 2 to 15, to the debt of England, the
United Legislature should be competent to consoli-
date the debts and revenues of both countries. This
continency had actually occurred in the year 1811,
but ?ornament then neglected, or was by other busi-
ness prevented from completing that measure ; but
although in the succeeding year the proportion be.
tween the respective debts exceeded what was con-
templated by the Act of Union, the Committee,
which sat in 1815, was decidedly of opinion that the
Legislature still retained the same right, as fully as at
the very moment when the contingency first took place.
The relative values of the Funded and Unfunded
Debt of Great Britain and Ireland, as calculated ac-
cording to the current prices of the Stocks, had been
laid on the table, and by them it appeared that the
proportion of the debt of Ireland was to that of
Great Britain, in January 1816, as 2 to 12. This
was within the proportion proposed by the Act, but
be conceived the House was not precluded by that
circumstance from carrying into effect the object of
the enactment. The Right Hon. Gentleman then
entered into a review of the financial state of Ireland
at present. With resptct to her debt, the operation
of her Sinking Fund, in relation to her unredeemed
debt, and the .produce of bey taxes under the several
beads of Customs, Excise, Inland Taxes, Stamp Du-
ties, Post-office, and the casual brauches of the re.
venue—
'A ke Funded Debt of Ireland, on the kb of la-
twary, 1815, amounted to - 25,585,000
The Uufunded Debt to . 11,7011,0u0

Making a total of • - - 130,573,000
lite Charges of Maxagernent at the sante period
were - - 16.670.000
And the Sinking Fund amounted to - V,0117"0
In January 1816, the Funded Debc was - 4130,000,060
The Unfunded Ut.lat . - • 11,705,000

Making a total of . 347,706,000
The Cbargei of Management were • 16,834,700
The Sluicing Fuld war u,401,514
Leaving the oinking Fund, in proponion to the Unredeemed
Lhbt, as 1 to 15.
The revenue and customs of the last year were, he
stated, mere productive than those of the former,
r.otwithstanding a considerable diminution in the ge-
iieral consumption in Ircland of All articles of British
manufacture. This diminution was the natural con-
sequence olthe great diminution in the exports of
native produce, which were less in value than those
et the preced•ng year by about £1,500,000, while
she decrease in the consumption of British manufac-
"%across about £1,100,000. And such, with respect
to Englittd, must ever be the consequence of a de-
crease of Irish exports s for unless Ireland be enabled.
to find a market for her produce, it is imponible•tor
her to be:onse a purchaser from the British manu.
leugio, • ID the Comm of Ireland these bad bees..

during the lot eighteen Ilene, * most i~t
Provelimit; which would be blot estimalid Woo.,
Paring diti returns of that 'period with those of the
.oemding century. In 1606, the earliest datirof cus-
tom **roads is Ireland, the Produce was 0188,000.,
la 1748 they bad room' than doubled ; but, in actl
equal period, namely, to the year 1797, they had in•
creased foer-fold, having amounted to 41840,000,—
This improvement had, however, been the work of
'else hundred years, while, in the short interval be-
lawn )797 ,and 1815, they :had increased to
42,653,000, thus trebling in eighteen years, the
whole amount of the fourfold increase which it had
taken one hundred years to complete. This was, in
his opinion, a cause of gratulation to the empire,
and as such only he now pressed it on the attention of
the Committee. The inland customs had increased,
in 1814, by £200,000, principally from having asso
inflated the duties on timber, wines, and tobacco, to
what they were in England. Those duties were
squally productive in the last year, in which the only,
falling off was, from what he before stated, the di.
minished consumption of British manufactures, the
decrease in woollens alone being in value about'
x 140,000. The gross amount last year, of the inland
revenue, was .42,252,000. He next adverted to the
increasing produce of duties on the linen, cotton,
and silk manufactures. Of these, the first was long
looked upon as the staple manufacture of Ireland,
but he was desirous of adverting particularly to the
lecond,"because it had been asserted in Ireland, that
the Union would have destroyed the cotton menu-
factures of that country—thb, however, was so far
from being the case, that alti'nugh he could not re-
present it as a great source nf national strength, yet
he could assure the House that it had considerably
increased, and !tad :ifforcl.d a constantly improving
revenue to the c,,litry: The silk manufactures of
Ireland were of very great importance're that coun-
try, by employing a large body of people, particu.
lady in Dublin That manufacture he had excepted
from the Act passed last Session, for he felt that the
duties on it should be gradually assim;i.ited with
those of England, and hoped that it sefaild be ac-'
complished by the year 1820. In the year 1814,
Ireland had exported 150,000 barrels of corn ; and,
since January last, had exported hall a million. The
spirit duty in 1810 was six hundred and fifty thou-
sand Founds; in 1813 amounted to AV 3,000; in
181+, after the suspension of the distillation from
grain, was £1,600,000, being an increase of seventy
thousand pounds ; and, in 1815, amounted to
x 11,422,000; being an average annual increase since
1810, of x 1327,000. The annual increase of the malt
duty, since 1810, was 4285,0()0, amounting in 1816
to 4655,000. He was however bound in candour to
declare, that they could not, in the present or next
year, reckon on so large a produce, in consequence of
the repeal of the war duties. The annual produce
from the duties on tobacco was eight hundred thou-
sand pounds. The next branch of the revenue was,
the assessed taxes, and in these there were two in-
Creases during the last three years—a sufficient evi.
deuce that Ireland had not shrunk from contributing
bet share to the general burden of the State. la
'lBl3 there was an augmentation of 25 per cent. and
subsequently an assimilation of the assessed taxes to,
the rates as paid in England. Their produce in 1812'
was 340 thousand pounds ; but in 1816 it had in-
creased to 685 thousand pounds exclusive of taxes,
which were peculiar to Ireland—namely, the Hearth
Tax and the House Tax. This last produced about
thirty thousand pounds, and fell solely on that,
lowest classes of houses, which could not be included
within the operation of the Hearth or Window Ta
The Stamp Duties amounted in 1815 to 560 thou:l
sand pounds; and although 220 thousand pounds
were transferred to the Excise Duties, yet their in.
crease during the last year was 45 thousand pounds.,
The other blanches of revenue, including the Post-i
office, averaged for the last three years about 130
thousand pounds; but the l'ost.office in Ireland was
not to be considered as a productive source of reve-
nue. In the prettent state of that country, it could
only be rendered subservient to the immediate con-
venience of the people. He then adverted to the state
of the Sinking Fund, with reference to the pro-
portion it bore to the unredeemed debt. Its amount
for redeeming the debt due immediately an Ireland
was 786 thousand pounds, being in proportion to ihe
debt as Ito 3.51. Its amount as applicable for re-
deeming the loans contracted in England wan
41,665,000, being in proportion to that debt as one
to 56. The total Sinking Fund, as applicable to
redeem the total debt, was £1,401,000, being in pros
portion to the debt as one to fifty, while the Sinking,
Fund of Great Britain was, in proportion to its debt
as one to 62f. This statement should not, however,'
appal them, .fm' it bad not long since been truly
stated by the Chancellor of the Exchequer that, at
the commencement of the war of the French Iwo.
lution, the debt of England was double what that of
Ireland is at present, while the Sinking Fund then'
applicable for its redemption was not halt so proportin-
nate to its reduction as that of Ireland now is. He had
thus endeavoured to submit to the House an espies
nation of the 7th Article of the Act of the Union, and'
to chew that the state of the two countries is at present
what had been contemplated by that Article; sti
enabling the-Legislature to consolidate the debts and
revenues of Great Britain and Ireland. He shewed!
what the opinion of successive Committees had been.
respecting the right of Parliament'to complete that
measure, notwithstanding a casual omission at the
:time when the contingency had occurred, and having
so done, he could not but anticipate a successful to.
suit to his present proposition. But it might, per-
haps, be expected that he should point out what other
resources of taxation, not at present employed, tuiU
remained in Leland. These, he lamented to say,
were not so considerable as appeared to many. The
assimilation of the taxes of Ireland to those paid in
England, Was a subject of extreme delicacy. But
one great difficulty was escaped by the cessation of
the Property Tax in this country. Thus tax, although
sufficiently well adapted to Great Britain, from the
facilities afforded to its colleztion, by the nature of
her police, and the assistance of a resident gentry,
was altogether unfit for Ireland; but had such a tax
continued for more than one year rn this country, he
would find it difficult to argue against the justice of
extending its operation to the other. 'He was, how-
ever, prepay d. to contend, that even after the re-
moval o tfmt great difficulty, many others would
still continue ; and that were all the present times
levied in England applied at once. to Ireland,, they

times

•
void , trot Matte tip 111.1 e Maim, did meet be
**Win her own revenue. , The Cammittee Om
be isriff, that if WI the kalif; df England were ap-
plied to Ireland; that several taxes pecuirliarly belong-
ing to Ireland must be repealed. Such as the Hearth
TeX, the dotiO on Excise Licences, producing
4100,000 annually, and there must be also repealed
the duties of selo per cent. ad valorem, paid by Ire.
land on all articles of British produce imported for
her general consumption ; for were they permitted to
COW, Ireland would not only pay the same taxes le-
vied in England, but also an additional tax on what.
ever articles were exported from Great Britain. The
tepee!, however of all those duties, would, per.
baps, more than counterbalance the increase of reve-
nue arising from the additional* number of imposts.
lie was aware that the duty of 10 per cent. ad va-
lorem on the importation of British produce, were re-
gerded by Many in Ireland as protecting duties on
the manufactures of that country, and that by the
Act of Union, they should continue for twenty years ;
but he ridiculed this designation of them, as they ap-
peared to protect manufactures that actually did not
exist, and contended generally, that their existence
WAS dictated by a- false policy. The other tw.o
branches of revenue remaining for Ireland, were salt
'and coals. It was a very questionable policy to raise
the duty bn salt equal to that paid in England, but
the present duties, as well as those on coals, were to
continue for twenty years by the Act of Union. The
same policy which would prevent an increase of
duties in the former, were equally applicable to the
latter, as they must principally fall on the manufac-
turers, and would affect the general comfort of the
people. The Right Hon. Gentleman next adverted to
the state of exchange between Great Britain and
Ireland, which he considered as unnatural between
countries so closely connected.—(Hear, hear.)—
He had been extremely desirous of assimilating the
currencies of the two countries, but mzny difficulties
intervened, and particularly the interruption of cash
circulation. The present rate of the exchanges had
been caused by the diminution in the exports from
Ireland, and bore an exact proportion to the state of
them ; but still it ought not to be affected so much
as it hid been. If the currency of the countries were
assimilated, there would exist no difficulty in apply-
ing a remedy to the mate of the exchange, for the dif-
ference would then be in .proportion to the expense of
transporting bullion from one country to the other.
He hoped that the return to cash payments, by the
Banks of England and Ireland, would be concurrent
with the assimilation of the national currencies,
which, in his opinion, might not be attended with
the serious difficulties that many had imagined.—.
Those difficulties had reference solely to the varia-
tion in the value of moneys that mutt be effected by
the assimilation ; but they might be obviated by
passing an Act of Parliament for dissolving all
contracts that had been made during the old cur-
rency, and reducing the pecuniary considerations
to a twelfth leas than the sum contracted for.-
-The remedy was extremely simple, for the Com-
mittee mast be-aware that the difference between the
circulation of England and Ireland is in the value of
the shilling, which passes in Ireland for 131 and in
England for 12d. This rmedy would obviate all
difficulties,-except in cases of debt under a shilling,
or in the payment of fees under that sum, many of
which, he understood from his Honourable and Learn-
ed Friend (Mr. Leslie Foster) were elected in several
of the Law Offices in Ireland. He was aware that
many in Leland bad argued in favour of the variation
in the currency, contending, that it operated as a
bounty on exports, and as a tax on absentees. These
advantages be recognised, but they could not be sup-
ported to the destruction of general principles. If the
rate of exchange was at present 20 per cent. against
Ireland, what, he asked, would it be when the sue.
plus revenue of that country was remitted to this to
defray the charges of the general expenditure ? In
submitting his present proposition to the house, he
readily acknowledged the weight that would thereby
be thrown on the Empire, until Ireland bad so far
improved her revenues, as to be able to bear her
due share of the burden. If the revenue of Ire-
land had improved within the last four years, he
would not presume to take to himself an; merit
for that improvement. It principally belonged to
the indefatigable zeal and extraordinary industry of
the people themselves that this desirable object had
been obtained, added to the ability and exertions of
the Noble Person who at present presided over the
Government of that Country.' Much praise was
also due to his Right Honourable Friend (the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer) towards whom it was im-
possible for him to express himself in terms of ade-
quate gratitude and commendation.—(llear, hear).
Should the resolutions which he was about to propose
meet with the approbation of the House, those ar-
rangements which it would be necessary to adopt,
with a view to the minor details of the plan, would
hereafter be submitted to Parliament. In conclusion,
he bad only to express his conviction that the adop-
tion of those resolutions would tend more to the ac-
complishment of the great objects which the measure
of the Union had in view, than any course which
could have been pursued. The Right Honourable
Gentleman then moved two resolutions for equalizing
the taxes, and consolidating the, Exchequers of Eng-
land and Ireland, according to the plait developed
in the course of his speech.—The first Resolution
having been read by the Chairman—
'`Mr. BANKES rose and observed, that all the evil
consequences which he bag foretold as likely to result
from the junction of Leland with this country, had
now come to pass. Ireland had, as-he bad stated,
been reducid to a state of bankruptcy, and was un-
able to bear her fair proportion towards the general
burdens of the United Kingdom. Indeed, she was
scarcely capable of paying the interest of the debt
which she had been obliged annually to incur, in
order to defray the proportion of the expenses of the
two countries which was assigned her. Bound to-
gether, as the two countries now were, the evil, such
as it was, must be borne with as much good huMour
as possible. He could not but lament, however, for
the good of both countries, that the Union had ever
taken place. All he could deduce from the state of
things to which we had been reduced, was, that it
still more became the House to act with Strict eco-
nomy and retrenchment, and to look with attention
to the curtailment of every unnecessary expense.—
He denied that the assimilation of the currency of
the two countries would produce any alteration in
tha rata cif 'ahoy, inasmuch as that AIM at all

then

sibli

He ;!ii.- les on dAStillatio,
which, both in Ireland and in Scotland, lie
wit
&ed, was the parent of ir.tinite discontent. t won twit
t pr
whole, he should feel it his duty to watch th • ' orto
of the Bill which would he introduced upon ttis sub.
ject with great attention ; for although he did nut
suspect any unfair play, yet he considered it irott
rant to watch, with a jealous eye, over the inrere,o
of those whom he represented, the more especialq,
as he very much doubted whether the same system
of taxation could be adopted in Ireland as in this
country. The taxes certainly could not be collected
upon the same terms, and, therefore, could not be
proportionably productive.
Mr. FITZGERALD, in explanation, denied r
he had said the assimilation of the currency of be.
land and England would alone produce any effectual
difference in the rate of exchange between the too
countries, which must always be proportioned to the
Leland
ynmg statement. to
proportion
state of their respective balances of import. or ex.
ports. He did say, however, that by the arrimilaa
ton of the currency, much of the difficulty heretofore
arising from the dissimilarity of coin would be
avoided, and much of the apparent difference of ex.
change would be obviated.
Mr. LESLIE FOSTER entered into a filatie4l
su prove
eiot utter
he
po *
of expense impossibility of
cl
upon
es tei p
by the Act of Union, and to support the principle
upon which the measure now suggested to the Home
had been brought forward—a measure which, he hat
no doubt, would consolidate all those advantage: cat
Union was cakulated to produce.

Sir JOHN NEWPORT contended, that the cr.orte
about to be pursued towards helots.", wAs no more
than an act of justice to that country, and an act
which, in his opinion, ought to have been resorted re
long since. At the period of the Union, although net
in Parliament, he had given it his support out of doers.
He felt it his dotty now to state, boa ever, that the
hopes then held out on the part of this country were
delusive; that the expectations excited were not fel.
filled ; and that many public measures, which were to
have been the result of the Union, remained unete.
cuted. Much had been said of the progress of prrspe.
rity in Iteland since the Union ; but he begged leave
to observe, that in many instances the exports had been
less since that event than before—he alluded partial.
larly to her linen trade, in which her exports woe
greater in 1792 and 1795, than they had been since the
Union. The Right Hon. Baronet then proceeded,witk
his usual clearness, to point out the evils under which
Ireland had laboured, as well from the absence of its
principal landholders, as from the adoption of an er.
roneous system of taxation, which had enhanced the
deficiency of her revenue. With respect to the pre.
sent nieasure, be thought it would have keen better
if it had been adopted three years back, as to have
held out the hope that she could have paid the pro.
portion of the burdens of the State imposed upon her
at the Union, was merely to have kept alive a dela.
sion, which could only end in some such course as
that now about to be t 'ken. It was his opit;ion,thAt
in the consolidation of the taxes of the two countries,
no tag should be imposed upon Ireland which was
not imposed upon every part of Great Britain at the
same time.

whe

Lord CASTLEREAGH submitted that the pro. 1
portion of the burdens of the United Kingdom im-
posed upon Ireland, was founded in equity and illS•
rice, and such as :,,e would have lv:en fully able to
bear, but from the new state of things which had
sprung up when we first sent our armies to the Pe-
ninsula to fight for the liberties of Europe. The '
Noble Lord then went on to contend, that, but ter
the Uniou, Ireland would have been placed in
situation of far greater difficulty than at present;
which would, in fact, have been irreparable. The
Noble Lord concluded with a compliment to Ireland
for the manner in which she had borne the taxes whicia
it became necessary to impose upon her. Whatever
other complaints the people of Ireland had made,
against the taxes, at least, he heard of no objection.
Mr. PONSONBY said, that the present questios
resolved itself into a very simple and intelligible pro
position. It was this—that Ireland had been called
upon so bear a burden which she was unable to sop
port, and, as she was unable to pay, England must.
This was the true state of the fact, and there was no
necessity for enveloping it in any obscure statement.
With respect to the Noble Lord's assertion, that the
people of Ireland did not complain of taxation, he
could only assure that Noble Lord, that he was most
egregiously mistaken, as to the feelings of the peo-
ple upon that score. So far were they from not corm
plaining, that the complaints were universal—end
more especially among that class of the con.munity,'
which, in his opinion, were the most important, be
. meant the small gentlemen, who had been taxed out
of every comfort o 4 life (Hear.) From a paper on thin
.
table of the House, it appeared that in the c•iurse of
the last year notices had been given in Ireland alone,
of an intention to put down cat riages of two and four
wheels, to the number of three thousand. This was
strongli indicative of the feeling with which taxatioo
was regarded among the inhabitants of thlt cLuatry.
Lord CASTLEREAGH explained.
The Resolutions were then put and carried.
On a question from Mr. Transirr, it was under-
stood that the Civil List discussion will come on os
bringing up the Report of the Committee on Friday.

it
Th
thne

As Ii

A LIIN BILL.

by I
be i
bee

Lord CASTLEItEAGHmoved to brio; up tte
Report on this Bill.
Mr. J. P. GRANT opposed the Bill, as contrary
to the policy and coastitution of the country.
Mr. Serjeant BEST" referred to the au.hority of
Blackstone, as of high importance in determining Os
fuestion with regard to this country. Puffendoris
and all the writers on the law of nations, had laid it
down as a principle, that the Sovereign had a right to
regulate the terms upoii which foreigners shcald be
permitted to reside in the country'. But be di‘
rely merely upon those authorities—he had also the
authority of Lord Grenville, who, in I7A, admitted
the same doctrine. He should prove fro o his opinion
that this principle was not new to the co istituuon,
having expressly admitted that the Cr swn had suck
power. Lord Loughborough had also st ted, that this
was a power which had always resided it the Crow,.

as
•C
V

• 4P .
stipend Upon the speciSe differences
rse out of the eacess of importation or erpnrie‘
the one side or the other. The Hnn. Gti
entl,:nut be ci
11 proceeded to temaik, that it would be i 4 their
le to maintain id Ireland many of the duties 1,1,4 it.
re imposed, and whicii linurished during tte
to
particularly alluded to die duties nil dist,ll..: