Star.
London, England, 1819-09-27 00:00:00

rearances were quite sufficient to enable you to
judge of the cause of his death, without opening his
od' Ye
y• 2 3.
CORONER—Then, what did you think was the
cause of his death ?—Cutting and maiming.
CORONER—If his spine had been injured on the
I 16th, could he have walked about?
Witness—Yes, he might a little, for a few days
after. But if a very great injury had been done to
the spine, he could not have walked.
CoaoNEß—Did you ever know a person become
convalescent after an injury of the spine?
Witness—A paralysis of the limbs often follows.
CORONER—If the spine was injured on the 16th,
would he have had more pain at first than a fort-
night afterwards ?—I should think not.
CORONER (to Mr. Harmer)—ls there any other
medical man you wish to examine?
Mr. HARMER—NO.
Mr. John Cox was then called—l did not attend
upon the deceased before his death. I viewed the
body on Thursday afternoon by order of the Con-
stables. May I refer to notes?
CORONER—Yes, If you took them at the time.
Witness—l took them very shortly, and wrote
them out afterwards.—COßONER—Very well.

Witness continued—There was a transverse cut
across the arm. I took my box-measure to measure
it accurately: it was an inch and a half long, and
was open about an inch at the widest part : it was
about an inch deep ; I can't say exactly. It had
taken the extreme point of the bone away. It was a
little oblique, as if it were done by a sword, while a
man's arm was raised over his head. I took out a
small piece of bone that was partially loose. It was
not 'larger than a sixpence. The wound had not
been closed : there was some grit or bone protruding
,from the open parr. There were no marks of in-
flammation, to any degree, or mortification.
CoaoNea-•Had you seen it while he was living,what
should you suppose would have been the state of it ?
Witness—lt had been washed clear oat from pus
or blood.

CORONER-••DO you think the man had been pro-
perly treated ?
Witness---I do not know : there were tome pieces
of bone left in.

CORONER—What other marks of external violence
did you discover ?

Witness—On the left loin there was a bruise as
large as my hand. This was over the short ribs, and
from the feel of it, I thought the part had been in-
flamed, and that there had been some exudation from
the cellular membrane. There was neither putrefac•
tion nor mortification, but approaching to putrefac-
tion after his death. On the right side of the back
there was a bruise, but not so violent. The disco-
louration was as large as my extended hand. It was
something similar to the other, but not so violent.—
There were two marks over the hips—the cuticle was
cut, and the marks were in a state of ulceration.—
There was a blackness and a purple colour; they ap-
peared to have been produced by violence. From
the two bruises on the loins to the back of the neck,
there were no bruises of any consequence: in fact, I
think I may say none. I examined both his shoulders,
and there was no breaking of the skin, or any wound
that I could discover. The clothes, I was told, were
cut; but if it was done by a sword, it might have
been by the flit side, and did not penetrate the skin.
The neck and the throat were discoloured; the lat-
ter was black.

CORONER.—What do you suppose was the cause
of this discolouration in the throat?

WI tness.—l should suppose from external violence.
CORONER.—Have you ever seen the same disco-
louration in the throat and neck sk heT e there had been
no violence ?—Witness.—l don't recollect.

CORONER.—Was the discolouration deeper than in
cases of death where no violence was committed ?
Witness.—Yes, it was.
CORONER.—From what kind of violence—a blow
—or what ?

Witness.—Strangulation might have done that in
front of the neck, but not at the back. If a blow, it
must have been more than one. I can form no opi-
nion how it was done. The skin was not broken.

CORONER.—WouId the appearance have been the
same when alive ?

Witness.—lt would have been tumified, perhaps.
COROSER.—Any other marks ?
Witness.—No : I did not examine the legs ; the
stockings were on. I put my band very carefully
all over the head, and saw no injury done to it.—
There was no external injury on the breast.
CoaoNEn.—Any inju: y on the spine ?
-Witness—l could discover no appearance of any.
I should think there was no injury done to it. None
of the ribs were broken or displaced. No injury was
done to the abdomen.

CORONER.—YOU opened the body?
(A Juryman asked the witness to speak out. Mr.
HARMER said, he could not hear him distinctly.)
Witness.—l will explain. The omentum is that
part ever the intestines. It was in a high state of in-
flammation, lying over the part most bruised. The
small bowels were inflamed the greater part of their
length. On moving the body, much blood gushed
from the mouth and nostrils. On opening the 'arum,
or windpipe, it was full of blood ; the right lobe of
the lungs was full of blood ; the right cavity of the
thorax contained much blood. The snidiastine was
inflamed ; the right membrane of the pericardium
was inflamed.

Conosaa.—Would these inflammations have arisen
naturally after death ?
Witness.—l cannot say that. The heart appeared
sound and healthy. No organic effusion appeared, of
a nature to be fatal, except in the right lobe of the lungs.
—lt is my opinion, without the least doubt, that he
could not have died of the wound on the elbow. I
am also of opinion, that if he lived till the twenty-
second day after the injury, which he did, and if proper
medical means had been use.sl, and particularly an
abstraction of copious quantities of blood, the injury
might have been checked. I mean no reflections, but
there were no appearances of his having been pro•
perly bled. If copious extracts of blood had been
made, it is very probable he might have recovered.
I think it proper to state this, in consequence of hav-
ing understood that he had walked out. There were
no appearances of his having been bled in the arms
or neck, which are the usual places for bleeding.
Cottosna.—Do you think the appearances on the
back were sufficient to cause death ?
Mitzvah—l believe they were produced by the ia-

flammation of the ementtlm, and that Walla:dm
Enreceweeded through the bowels, which might have
checked by bleeding. I did zot discover that,
'till I opened the body.
CORONER.—From the general appearances, exter-
nal and internal, what do.you consider the cause of
his death ?
Witness.—According to my opinion, the imme-
diate cause was the suffusion of blood into the lungs.
I do not think that it was caused by the bruise on the
thorax ; I could not account for it. There was no
external violence on the lungs. It was not mortifi-
cation that caused death; I saw no mortificatibn. If
the injuries were not so severe as to occasion death in
less than twenty-two days, there was time for medical
aid to check their effects. I cannot distinctly say,
that death was occasioned by external violence. I
cannot say, that the internal state was caused by ex-
ternal violence, although it might have increased it.
If he had had a dispo,ition to inflammation in his
breast, the inflammation occasioned by the bruises
might have increased ir, so as to cause the rupture of
a blood vessel, which might have occasioned the suf-
fusion of blood into the lungs. I could form no opi-
nion by what means or weapons the bruises on the
back were produced. I could not. perceive by the
lungs whether he had had any cough. I cannot
account for the internal appearances; but I think
the external marks would not have appeared from
the internal inflammation. It is possible that the
internal appearances might have existed without
external violence, but that is only conjecture. The
inflammation might have existed without it, but
I think it was produced in the abdomen by external
violence. I think the injury done to the thorax might
have occasioned the paralysis. The tumour in the
neck was inflamed. If I had attended the deceased
during his illness, I could have explained many cir-
cumstances much more satisfactorily. I think the
appearances in the breast most likely to have arisen
from the bursting of a blood vessel. I think it more
likely, if it was occasioned by external violence, that
it was done on the 16th of August than earlier. I
don't know what medicines he had taken. The smell
of palm oil, which is useJ in marsh-mallows, was
more predominant than that of putretaction. The
pain about the shoulder and also in the legs, I think
most probably, proceeded from the internal state of
the body.—ln answer to a Juryman---I saw nothing
the matter with him but what might have been re-
medied by bleeding.
Do you consider his death to have been occasioned
b 7 neglecting copious bleeding ?—I think if he had
been copiously bled, he might have recovered.
Was the disorder which caused his death occa-
sioned by external bruises ?—I think the bruises oc-
casioned an inflammation in the omentum, uhich ex-
ten,.!2d slightly to the bowels. The most skilful ana-
torniqs are often at a loss to find the real cause of
death. I think the immediate cause was the suffu-
sion of blood on the lungs. I am confident it did not
proceed from the wound on the arm.
In answer to questions by Mr. HARMER..-4 saw
the body on Thursday afternoon, :he day after the
Jury had seen it. I learned that Mr. Earnshaw had
attended the deceased. It may be usual courtesy to
call the person who attended ; I did not send for Mr.
Earnshaw. It may be, that if he had not the exter-
nal bruises, he might not have died. I say there were
not sufficient external appearances to account for the
state of the lungs and thorax. I cannot undertake
to swear that that might not have been occasioned by
external violence. I think I have seen a body in
such a state internally, without external violence. I
never saw a body in a state precisely similar. Ido
not know why he died.
In answer to the CORONER.—If the state of the
lungs had been occasioned by bruises on the 16th,
he could not have gone to Middleton. I understood
that he was afraid, on account of the circumstances,
of complaining to his father. People in the neigh-
bourhood knew more of it. I saw no appearance
of any other complaint about him. If the lungs had
been injured before the 16th, he would have had a
difficulty of breathing, and perhaps a cough.

James Clegg, a spinner, examined.--I have been
acquainted wtth the deceased five years, and worked
in the same factory with him. 1 saw him in the
morning of the 16th at the factory, between eight
and nine. I met him coming home from Manchester
about five that evening. He said he was wounded,
and I saw clotted blood on his arm. I saw the next
morning, about half-past six, that he was wounded,
'when he came to the factory. He remained about an
hour, but did nothing. I saw the cut on his arm. I
asked him to let me look at it. He shewed me his
right elbow. I saw the hem of his waistcoat, which
he said was cut. It was on the left shoulder. The
cut might be a quarter of an inch. He did not com-
plain of being cut any otherwise. I saw him again
in the evening, going to the Doctor. In the course
of a week, or three days, I saw him at the factory
throwing up his food, and he told me that very little
had passed but in that way since the 16th. It was{
labout twelve o'clock ;he said he was poorly. The
factory might be 100 yards from where he lived. I
never walked with him any way. Ido not recollect
seeing him walk out after that. I saw him on Thurs-
day before he died : he was very poorly. I stopped
up with him on Sunday night. He could not answer
any thins that was said to him. I suppose I saw him
four or bye times in the factory after the 16th, but 1
cannot say exactly. I never did hear him complain
of any other part. He was a hearty man before the
16th, for any thing that I knew. I never heard him
complain of his breast. I was not very intimate with
him. I did not go about with him.
In answer to Mr. HARMER—He never attempted
to work after the 16th. He was a regular worker
before. I never asked him about any other hurt. I
was present when Mr. Cox opened the body, and
heard him say the bruises, and not the cut, had oc-
casioned his death. Betty Ireland and George Chad-
dick were present.
In answer to the CORONER--Mr. Cox said, bleeding
might have prevented inflammation. I saw no blood
taken from him but by some leeches.
To questions from Mr. Cox—He did say that the
appearances in the lungs accounted for his death. I
thought he gave satisfaction enough. (Mr. Cox here
stated, that he had said that the deceased had not died
of the cut in his arm, but of the injuries on his body.)
Thomas Whittaker examined.--I am a cotton-
spinner, and live with Robert Lees, to whom my mo-
ther is married. I slept and supped with John Lees
since ChristMasA ISO, I saw the dcccased on the