Star.
London, England, 1817-04-16 00:00:00

UNITED STATES.
New Yotk Papers to the 19th, and Boston Papers
to the VIA. ult. reached -as this morning. Their
contents ate interesting. ,
The 14th Congress expired at midnight on the
3d of March. On the last day of the Session, nearly
one hundred Bilk were dispaechel ; And of these.
upis Ards of sixty were signed by the late PstesiDENT
after eleven o'cl sck at-night. The principal PishFc
Bills were, the Bill to erect the stew State of Missis-
sippi—osie to provide for the ycslemptioti of the
-Public D.bt, and another to preserve the N. utr..i
Relations of the United States.

The following day the new. President was inducted
into office with the usual formalities. When he had
finished his Address the 04th of Office was admi-
rditered by the Chief Justice. A signal.gun having
been tired, salutes were given at the Navy Yard, the
Battery, Fort Warburton, and by a Co-ps of Artil-
lery. The day was fine, and the assemblage. in•
eluding the Ladies and the Foreignollicets and Func-
tionat ies, cc:twisted of from six to eight thcusand.—
After the President and his Lady had returned to
their residence, where the Heads of Departments,
most of the Senators and Representatives, Foreign
Ministers, strangers and citizens, paid their re
spects to them I and to Mr. arid Mrs. MADISON.—
In the ev.nii,g there was a splendid ball, at which
were present the President, Ore Ex-President, and
their Ladies, the Heads of Departments, Foreign
Nl4.i.ters; &c.

Wr nnw insert Pre,i.lEnt MONBOeS Speech, as de-
tailed in the American Papers :

WASHING I ON, MARCH 5.

Yesturday the inauguration of the Honourable
James Monroe, as President of the United States.
took pl.lee on an elevated portico erected in front of
the Capita—The President and Vice• President were
escorted by a large cavalcade of Citizens to Congress
Hall, where the Ex-Presidtnt, the Supreme Judges,
and the Senators, were assemblcd and attended the
President to the portico, s►l:etc he delivered the
following Speech.:—

I should be destitute of feeling if I was not
deeply affected by the strong proof which my fellow
citizens have given me of their confidence, in calling
me to the high office whose functions .T...tut About
assume. As the esprersion of their good opinion of
my conduct in the pubic service, I d:•rive from it a
gratification, which those who are conscious of hav-
ing done all that they could to merit it, can alone
feel. My sensibility is increased by a just estimate
of the importance of the trust, and of the nature and
extent of its duties ; with the proper discharge of
which the highest interests of a great and free people
are intimately connected. Conscious of my own de-
ficiency, I cannot enter on their duties without great
anxiety for the result. From a just responsibility
will never shrink; calculating with confidence, that
in my best efforts to promote the pubic welfare, my
motives will always b: duly appreciated, and my
Conduct be viewed with that candour and indulgence
which I have eiperienced in other onions.

" In commencing the duties of the Chief Erects-
tive office, ;t has been the practice of tli2 distinguish-
! eJ men who have gone before me to explain the
principles which would govern them in their respec-
tive administrations. In following their venerated
example, my attention is naturally drawn to the
great causes which have contributed in a prinrip
derree to produce the present happy condition of the
United States. They will 'hest eeplain the nature
of cur duties, and shed much light on the policy
which ought to be pursued in future.
" Front the commencement of our revolution to
the resent day; almost forty years have elapsed, and
from the establishment of this Coiltitntion twenty-
tier. Through this whole term the Government
has been, what may emphatically be called self-go-
vernment ; and ohat has been the effect To what-
ever object we turn our attention, -.whether it relates
to our foreign or domestic concerns, we find abun-
dant cause to felicitate ourselves in the excellenceof
our institutions. During a period fraught with slit-
ficulties, and marked by very extraordinary events,
the United States have flourished beyond example.
Thtir citizens, individually, have been happy, and
the nation pwsperous. Under this Constitution out
commerce has been wisely regulated with foreign na-
tions, and between the States ; new States have been
admitted into our Union ; our territory has been en-
larged, by fair and honourable treaty, and with great
advantage to the original States ; the States,.respec-
tively, protected by the national Government, under
a mild parental system, against foreign dangers, and
erjoying within their separate spheres, by W wise
partition of power, a just proportion. of the soie.,
reignty, have improved their police,•extended their
settlements, and attained a strength and maturity,
which are the best proofs of wholesome laws, well.
administered. And if we look to the condition of hi-
dividuals, what a proud spectacle does it ezbibit
On whom has oppression fallen in any gustier of our
Union? Who has been deprived pf any right of per-
son or property ? Who restrained from offering his
vows, in the mode which he prefers, to the Divotsl
Airtime of his being! It is well known, that all these
blessings have been enjoyeerin their fulle:st extent
and I add, with peculiar satisfaction, that there has
been no example of a capital punishment being In-
flicted of any pia for the row of high.tresson. • !
e• Some who might admit the competency of Our

Government to these beneffiept eulos. might doubt'
at in trials which put to the test its strtngth and effi.,
agency, as a member of the great community of na-
tion.• Here, ton, expt.rience has afforded us the
most satisfactory Fret in its favour. Just as this
Constitution -Was put into action, several of the prin•
cipal States of Europe had beenm. e much agitated,
and some of them seriously c:::aeula.-.1. I:Let:naive
Wars ensued, which have of late wily been term Mated.
In the course of these coefl;cts, the United States re.
ceived great injury from sever,' of the parties. It
Was their interest to stand aloof from the contest—to
&•:island justice from the party committing the in.
!ury—and to cul.ivate, by fair and honourable con-
•+uct, the friendship of all. War became st length
inevitable, and the result has shewn that our Govern-
ment is evil' to that, the greatest of trials, under the
most unfavourable circumstances. Of the virtue of the
people, and of the h:roic exploits of the Army, the
Navy, and the Militia, I need not speak. Such, then,
is the happy Government under which we live—a
Government adequate to every purpose for which the
social compact is formed—a Government elective in
all its branches, under wild' every citizen may, by
his merit, obtain the highest oust recognized by the
Constitution—which contains wilin it no cause of
discord—none to put at vatianee cue portion of the
community with another—a Government which pro-
tects every citizen in the full enjoyment ;,f his rights,
and is able to yrotect the nation against injustice
Isom Foreign Powers.
" Other considerations of the highest importance
admonish us to cherish our union, and to cling to the
Government which supports it. Fortunate as we are
in our political institutions, we have not been less so
in other circumstances, on which our prosperity and
happiness essentially depend. Situated within the tem-
perate zone, and extending through many degrees of
latitude along the Atlantic, the United States enjoy
all the, varieties of climate, and every protltrcti•3n in.
cithnt to that portion of the globe. Penetrating in-
ternally, to the great lakes, ;red beyond the sources
of tl4 great rivers which communicate through our
wh 1. iuterior, no country was 'ever happier with re.
yea to its domain. Blessed too with a lettiie
our produce has always beeu very abund.m, leaving,
even in yews the least favourable, a surplus for the
wants of our kllow-men in ether countries: Sach is
our peculiar felicity, that there is not a part of.-our
Union that is not particularly ioterested in preservis.g
at. The great agricultural interest of the it ttion
prospers under its protection. Local interests are not
less festered by it. Our fsliow citizens of Cre North,
engaged in navigation, find great encouragement in
being made the favoured carr:•rs of the vast produc-
tions of the other portions of the United States,
the inhabitants of these are amply recompensed, in
their turn, by the nursery for seamen and naval force,
thus formed and rtiared ns for the support of our
common lights. Our manufactures find a generenis
encouragement by the policy Which pa:ronizes du-.
mestic industry ; and the surplus of our produce, a
steady and profitable market by I,:cal wants, in less '
favoured parts, at hone.

CI Snell, then, bring the highly favoured condition
of cow country, it is the interest of every citizen to
maintain it. What are the dangtss which menace
us It any exit, they oiliait to be ascertained and
gtiar.M.l..tg %inst. la explaining my sentiments pn
this suhpet,• it may be asked* what raised.us to the
present happy state ? • How did we accomplish the
revolution ? How remedy the dofects of the titst in-
strument of our union, by infusing into the national
government sufficient power for national purposes,
t,itliout impairing the jost rights of the States, or of
fecting those of individuals ? How sustain, and pass
with glory through the late war? The government
has been in the hands of the people. To the people,
therefore, and to the faithful and able depositories of
their trust, is the credit due. Had the people of the
United States been educated in different principles;
had they been less intelligent, loss independent, or
less virtuous, can it be believal that we should have
maintained the same steady and consistent career, or
been blessed With the same success ? While, then,
the Constituent body retains its present sound and
healthful state, every tbing_will be safe. They will
choose competent and faithful representatives for
!very department. It is only when the people be.
"come ignorant and corrupt—when they degenerate
into a populace, that they.art incapable of exercising
the Sovereignty. Usurpation is then an easy attain.
ment, and an usurper seen found. The people them:.
eelvei beCospe the willing insuumerit of their own de-
basement and ruin. Let us then look to the gteat
cause, and endeavour to preserve it in full feree. Let
us,*by ail wise and menstitution.il measures, promote
intelligence among the people, as the best means of
preserving our liberties.

if`Dangers,front abroad are not less deserving of
attention. Esperiencing the fortune of other nations,
the United Statcs may be again involved in war, and
it rosy, in that event, be the object of the adverse,
party to overset our Government, to break our,
Union, and demolish us as a nation. Our distance
from Europe, and the just, moderate, and paciSc
policy of our Government, may form zrme security
against these dangers, but they Ought to be anticipn-
led'and guarded against. Many of our citizens ate
engaged in commerce and nikvigation, and all of
theist are, in a eertaior degree, •dependent on that
peospesou, State! Many are tileitid in the fssbctiess

These interests are exposed to invasion in Vie w.
between other Powers, and we should dieter:3..l
faithful admonition of experience if we did rim ‘.l
pee t it. We must support our rights r r lose r.
character, and with it, perhaps, our liberti s. ,
people who fail to dt.s it can scarcely be raid to :go
a place among independent natil-.5. National !•
nour is notional property of the hig:aest *Aye. 'n
sentiment in the mind of every citizen,
crecgth. It oriAlO, therefore, tt. be il.esished.
" To secure us against these t!anp,er.;, one cost
and inland frontiers should b.: fortified, ot r
and ratvy regulated upon just principles as to t*.
force of each, be le, pt in perfi-ct order, and our T.,;1•.:
be placed oa she best proe• ic.,ble feee'rig.• TJ r
our crtensive c,asts in such a state of defence, as
secure our cities vid interior from invasion, v7l I
attended with expense, hut the work: when finishei
sill be permanent, and :t is fair to preCume that
iingle campaign of invas;on b; a naval fo• cc sup( r:(
to our owo, aided by a few throsr.m: land traer
would expose us .) gre..ter expense, nalit:ut
into the estimate the loss of For...ay and distress
our citizens, than would he s!..G.a7ierit 1.. r this gre.
work. Our land and naval forces should be moth
rate, but adequate to the necessary purpmes. T'
former to garrison and preserve .our forificationi
and to meet the first invasions of a fore'gn foe; ::ni
while constituting the elements of .r gre.terfcm.,,
preserve the slieuce, as well as all the necessary
plements of war, in a state to he brought into ac!'
!pity in the event of war. The latter, retained stithf
the limiti proper in a state of peace, might Aid i
maintaining the neutrality.of the United States w;
dignity in the wars of -other Powers, aril in savini
the property of their citizens from rpo!tition.
time of war, with the enlargement of wli:c;i the gr*.
naval resources of the country render it susccptihl
and which should is duly foth.:ed in :;roe of pear,
it would contribute essentially. ;;Is
of defence and as a powerful ett-;irie annoyanc,
to diminish the calamities c,t test, and to briar,
srtr to a speedy and honourable t..frn:lustion.

" But it ought al rays to be ~held prim:inert!),
trigwk• that the. safety of these Stites, rani r.f ever:
thin.: dear to a free People, must d:ptnd in an em;
nent degree on the Militia. lavasi•ins may be ria%
too formidable to be resisted by a:.v land or r
Inter, which k would comport, either wish the pri
cipies of our G•iverno:ent, or t' e circumstaacsi
the United States, to Ina:train. to such ears,
worse must be had to the great body of the
and in :t mannet to prodec the best eEeCt. `.t is
the hignest iruportat.ce, tf,erefore, that the:, be
organized and trained s.s to be pea; ~red for a.
emergency. The artaugement should L. sich as
put at ti.e carom .ad the Government the era,:
patriotism and ynathfol vigour of the Color:7.
formed on equal and just princirts, it cutlet he
pressive. It is the crisis era•iei makes the rre,sel
and not the laws, wh:ch proa,de a remedy for it..
The arrangement shaold Ire formed too in the tile
of Peace, to be better relived ler War. Wish Eta
an organization of such a People, the United Star
have nothing to dread from foreign invasion. A
its approach an overwhelining farce of galLut
iniglit always be-put in motion.
" Other interest; of high importarce cla'm
tendon, among which the improvement of our cow
try by roida and canals, proceeding always with
constitutional sarctinn, holds a distinguished plat;
By thus tatilitating the intercuarte between the Sue
we shall:add mush to the convenience and comfort
our fellow-citizens; much to the ornament .of t`,
country ; ani, what is of greater importance, we
shall shorten distances, and by making each roi
more accessible to and dependent on the other, t*
shall bind the Union mote closely together. Nast:
has done so mach for us by intersecting the cnuctr
with so unmy great rivers, bays, and lakes, appro.6
ing from distant points so near to each other, dist ti
inducement to complete the work seems to be pen
liarly strong. A more interesting spectacle tees rel•
baps never seen than is exhibited within the
the United States ; a territory so v.ist, and adrant;
geously situated, containing obints so grand, Et
tisefu4 -so happily connected in all their parts. 0"
manufacturers will likewise require 511? t.ptett,At'
and fostering care of the Government.
as we do, all the raw Materiali, It tait ul our er,
soil and industry, we of :tot to strpe:id in the a
gree we have tone, on surplice from railer coantrit:
While we are thus dependent, the sudden events ci
svar, unsought and unexpected, cannot fail to id+
us into sate most serious diiiiculties. •

" Is is important, tan, that the capita/ which eel
rishes our manufactures should be domestic; as i'
influence in that caw, instead of es'iaust:n,;, as
may do in foreign hands, would be felt advar.age•:•..o.
on agriculture and every other branch of inJ,lstri
Equally important is it to provide at borne a neeit
for oor raw materials, as, by extending: the cortil.'
tion, it will enhance the ptice, and protect the ct;ei
vator against the casualties incid:nt to foreign es%
tress,—With the Indian tribes, it is our duty to cal"
trate friendly relatims, and to act with kin,!neA
liberality in mil our transactions. Equally rotor.
at to persevere in our efforts to extend to them tlt
advantages el civilizatibn.—.The great amount '!cg
Revenue and the Flourishing state of the' tea:airy,
pttot 91 the contp:tency of dr: national N.
sources for any emergency, as they .ue of the 'A